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MALAY-ENGLISH 

DICTIONARY 


BY 


R:   J;   WILKINSON, 

(Straits  Settlements  Civil  Service). 


Part  I. 

(ALIF    TO    ZA.) 


Singapore : 

PRINTED     AND     PUBLISHED 

BY 

KELLY    &    WALSH,     LIMITED, 

32,    Raffles    Place, 

AND    AT 

HONGKONG,    SHANGHAI     and    YOKOHAMA. 

1901. 


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5 


1^1  o 


ALIF 


AB'AD 


A 


MALAY-ENGLISH 


DICTIONARY. 


\    The  letter  alif;   the    alphabetical   symbol  for 
the  number  i  in  the  abjad,  q.  v. 

^«^\    aba.    1.     Glow,  warmth,  C.  and  S. ;    (Kedah) 

behaba,  v.  haba, 

II.  The  smallest  imaginable  atom ;  C.  and  S. 

(==  Jmma  ?) 

III.  ALso  abah,  q.  v. 

\j\    aba.     Arab.     Father.     Cf.  abA 

\j\    iba'.       Arab.       Refusal ;     rejection ;     disobe- 
dience ;  unwillingness. 

iJc:j\  ibtida'.  Arab.  Beginning;  commencement; 
exordium. 

HtiYiifu  'Uibtidd ' :   expressions  used   to  open 
a  sentence. 

LiVibtidA ' :   to  begin  with  ;  firstly ;  =  saber- 
mola, 

J^}  abtar.  Arab.  Curtailed;  docked;  shortened 
in  the  tail. 

-X.1M  abjad.  [Arab. :  a  composite  word  made 
up  of  the  first  four  letters  of  the  alphabet 
arranged  in  their  ancient  order.]  The  alpha- 
bet following  the  old  order  of  the  letters — an 
order  still  observed  in  Hebrew;  the  numeri- 
cal alphabet,  each  letter  having  a  successive 
numerical  value,  viz. : — 


ijOAJU^ 


c^       J- 


j^ 


•    *      i 


8888 


To  these  purely  Arabic  letters  are  added  the 
following  non-Arabic  letters : — 


ii 

6,000 


4,ooo 


3,000 


^ 


These  numerical  values  of  the  letters  are 
much  used  in  calculating  horoscopes  and  in 
other  methods  of  divination. 

-Xj\  abad.  Arab.  Eternity;  the  endless  future. 
Daripada  azal  datang  kapada  abad:  from 
the  endless  past  to  the  endless  future; 
Bust.  Sal. 

(5-Xi\    abadi.     Arab.     Eternal;  everlasting. 


J^ 


abadiyyat.    Arab.    Eternity. 


\    abar.     Mengabar:  to  check  or  restrain  any- 
thing in  motion ;    Kl. 


J"^' 


abor.     Mengabor:  to  lavish;  to  waste;  to  be 
prodigal  in  expenditure  ;    cf.  ambor  and  tabor. 

ibrahlm.    Arab.     Abraham. 


ifS>jA    abras.     Arab.     Leprous. 
^J^    abrak.    Arab.     Mica. 


U^ 


,\ 


,\ 


abus.     I.     A  small  coin  ;  the  tenth  portion  of 
a  Hmah  or  kepeng ;  Kl.     Also  habus. 

II.     (Kedah.)     The  name  of  a  tree  (uniden- 
tified). 

abis.     Better  habis,  q.  v. 

ab'^ad.     Arab.     More  remote ;  far  distant. 


:nnz 


ABANa 


[ 


jo\    abang.      I.     Elder     brother     or    cousin;     a 

^       friendly  or  familiar  expression  descriptive  of 

male  relatives  not  much  older  than  the  speaker ; 

a  term  used  by  a  woman  in  addressing  her 

lover  or  husband.     Cf.  kakanda. 

In  North  Malay  (Kedah  and  Perak)  abang 
is  never  used  of  an  elder  sister.  In  South 
Malay  (Riau,  Johor  and  Selangor)  ahang 
peremptiwan  is  used,  in  courtly  language  only, 
of  a  slightly  elder  female  relative.     Cf.  kakak, 

II.     Jav.     Red  ;  v.  ebang  and  bang, 

«)\    dbang.     [Jav.  abang.]     Red.     Cf.  bang. 

^\    abok.     Dust,  chaff,    powder ;  =  habok,  q,  v. 

IS  abSlor.  [Pers.  J^^. .]  Crystal;  clear  white 
of  the  eyes ;  (Kedah)  piebald,  of  a  horse ;  the 
name  of  a  medicinal  shrub,  =  ladapahit;  Kl. 

Also  habelor,  q.  v. 
^JlA    abilah.      Pers.      Chicken-pox. 


C/. 


J 


j«%JLji 


iblis.  Arab.  Satan;  the  arch-fiend;  a 
spirit  of  evil.  'Adat  iblis:  evil  customs; 
laws  inspired  by  the  spirit  of  evil ;  Ht.  Abd., 
416.  Iblis  taut  dan  iblis  darat :  sea-devils  and 
land-devils ;  Muj.  84.  Nischaya  jatoh-lah  aku 
ka-dalam  keluboran  pBlaniek  iblts:  I  should 
certainly  have  tumbled  into  the  pitfalls  of 
Satan  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  448. 


\    Sbaxn.     See  bam. 


\  ibn.  Arab.  Child;  son;  descendant.  Ibnu's- 
sabil:  "a  son  of  the  road,'* — i.e.,  a  traveller; 
a  wayfarer. 

Between  two  proper  names,  the  form  bin  is 
used — i.e.,  Mat  bin  Deris:  Mat,  the  son  of 
Deris. 

Cf.  banil  and  bant. 

\x^\    abSntara.     A  herald  ;  v.  btntara. 

^\    abau.     (Kedah.)     A  land  tortoise  common  in 
marshy  ground,  and  very  destructive  to  padi. 

Also  abau  kekura ;  v.  kura. 
Main    a. :     (Kedah)    amor  lesbicus ;     (Riau- 
Johor)  main  tampok  labu. 

u\    abu.    I.     Ash ;  cinders. 

Jikalau  tuwan  hendak  ka-Jambi, 

Ambil  che'  Tahir  juru  batu-nya; 
Jikalau  tuwan  hBndakkan  kami, 

Bakar4ah  ayer  ambil  abu-nya: 

if  you  desire  to  marry  me,  burn  water  and 
collect  the  ashes  thereof, — a  proverbial  setting 
of  an  impossible  task. 

Sudah  jadi  abu  arang :  it  has  long  been  dust 
and  ashes  (literally :  cinders  and  charcoal) ;  it 
is  ancient  history.     Prov. 


UTARA 


Smiting  a. :  (Kedah)  a  sort  of  swordstick. 

Ular  tedong  a.:  (Riau,  Johor,  Malacca) 
the  hamadryad ;  naia  bungarus :  =  (Kedah) 
ular  tedong  selar.  Ikan  ular  abu:  a  saltwater 
fish. 

Cf.  abok,  debUy  lebu,  kelabu,  etc. 

II.  Arab.     Father;  owner;  possessor. 
Abu  bakr  (in  Malay  usually  pronounced  Abu 

bakar,  and  often  contracted  to  Bakar) :  a 
proper  name;  **the  father  of  the  maiden,'* 
the  name  of  Muhammad's  first  successor,  who 
was  so  called  as  the  father  of  Ayesha,  the  only 
one  of  the  Prophet's  wives  who  was  not  a 
widow  when  he  married  her. 

III.  Abuwan:  a  complete  set  of  anything; 
(also)  a  share  ;  a  portion.     Often  habuwan. 

^J\    ububan.     Jav.     Bellows. 
^jj)\    abuwan.     See  abu  III. 
fjj\    abawi.     Arab.     Fatherly. 

isJ\    aboe.     [Chin,     a-poeh,   a-peh:    uncle,    elderly 

"  gentleman.]     A    respectful   form   of   address 

when  speaking  to  the  headman  of  a  Chinese 

village;   the   head   of  a  gang   of   miners;   a 

leading  Chinaman  on  a  country  estate. 

^}  abah.  I.  Sending  on  an  errand;  orders  or 
directions  regarding  a  journey ;  an  order  to  go 
anywhere,  as  distinct  from  an  order  to  do 
anything  (kerah), 

11-  Abah-abah:  tackle,  gear,  harness; 
anything,  the  appearance  of  which  is  sug- 
gestive of  tackle ;  the  entrails  of  an  animal. 

Abah-abah  tenun  :  wearing  gear. 

Also  aba. 

III.  Abah-abah:  a  porch  or  verandah  built 
under  the  projecting  eaves  of  a  house. 

j^\  abi.  Arab.  To  disregard  a  command.  Min- 
gabi :  to  disobey. 


Juj\    abid.     Arab.     Eternal. 
xj\    abiadl.     Arab.     White. 


BahruH-abiadl :   the   White    River,    i.e.,    the 
White  Nile. 

'\J\    abaimana.     [Cf.      Hind.       apamanya:     dis- 
^-        graced  ?]     The  lower  orifices  of  the  body. 


J 


\j\    utara.     [Skr.     uttara.]   The  North. 

U.  tepat:  due  North. 
U.baratlaut:  North-North-West. 

17.  timer  laut:  North-North-East. 

Musim  u. :  the  period  of  the  year  during 
which  the  prevailing  winds  are  northerly ;  the 
North-East  Monsoon. 


UTAMA 


[     3     ] 


UTAMA 


*u\    Utama.     I.     [Skr.   uttama.]     Supreme   excel- 
'  lence ;    superiority.      Terutama  matt     dengan 

yang  baik  daripada  hidop  dengan  nama  yang 
jahat:  far  better  die  with  credit  than  live 
in  disgrace;  Ht.  Abd.,  295.  Yang  terutama 
G^bernor:  H.  E.  the  Governor.     Also  written 

\i\     q.  V. 

11.  [Skr.  atma.]  Utama  jiwa  (a  corrup- 
tion of  atma  jiwa):  life ;  the  breath  or  spirit  of 
life.  Maka  tersebut-lah  perkataan  BUara  Guru 
menitahkan  BUara  Indera  turun  birsama  sama 
dengan  Begawan  Narada  membawa  ayer  utama 
jiwa  akan  menghidopkan  Sang  Ranjuna: — 
the  story  relates  how  Betara  Guru  (Siva) 
ordered  the  Holy  Indra  and  the  Blessed 
Narada  to  descend  (to  earth)  bearing  the 
water  of  life  for  the  revivification  of  Arjuna ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Utama  jiwa  is  also  used  as  a  term  of  endear- 
ment. 

See  also  U\ 

A  u\    atawa.      [Skr.  athawa.]  (Kedah)  either  ;  or ;  = 
(Riau-Johor)  atau, 

^^ul\    itbsib.     Arab.     To  weaken  ;  to  enervate. 

^\Ji\    ittihsld.     Arab.     Union ;  concord. 


y\    atar.     [Arab.  J^a^-]  Scent;  fragrance;  aroma. 
Minyak  a, :  otto  of  roses, 

j\  atur.  Order,  arrangement;  setting  in  order. 
Di-atur-nya  meriam  berkeliling :  cannon  were 
set  all  round  it. 

Hairdn  sa-kali  di-dalam  hati, 

Meriam  di-atur,  perang  ta-jadi : 

it  is  a  most  surprising  thing ;  the  cannon  are 
in  readiness  but  no  fighting  ever  takes  place  ! — 
a  proverb  ridiculing  empty  boasts. 

Aturan:  the  order  in  which  anything  is 
disposed  ;  the  method  of  arrangement.  Pera- 
turan :  id. 

Aturi;  aturkan;  mengaiur  and  mengaturkan: 
to  set  in  order;  to  dispose  or  arrange  any- 
thing methodically. 

Beratur:  in  order;  arranged. 

yj\    atas.     Position  over  or  above.     Di-atas  meja  : 
^^"^       on  the  table.     Ka-aias  meja :  to  a  position  on 
the  table. 

Atas  angin;    v.  angin, 

Baris  di-atas:  the  Malay  name  descriptive  of 
the  vowel  point  fathah. 

In  many  Malay  idioms  atas  is  used  in  the 
sense  of  ^'according  to,"  ^'relating  to,'*  "with 
reference  to;'*  t.^.,  in  the  sense  of  interrela- 
tion without  the  special  meaning  of  super- 
position. Menyertai  aku  atas  pekerjaan  yang 
sadikit  ini :  to  assist  me  as  regards  this  little 
matter.      Atas     beberapa     sebab:    for     many 


reasons.  Atas  undang-undang :  according  to 
the  laws.  Befirmdn  atas  lidah :  to  speak  by 
the  tongue  (of  another) — of  God's  utterances 
by  the  lips  of  his  Prophets. 

Atas  also  occurs  in  the  sense  of  ** against"; 
Ht.  Zaly.,  21. 

^\    atus.    (Kedah.)    Rinsing  or  filtering  (a  liquid) 
through  anything ;    usually  tapis, 

^uil\    atishn&k.     Pers.     Fiery;  glowing. 


A^\ 


ittis§;f.     Arab.     Description;  quality. 


Jua;\    ittis&L     Arab.     To  be  interconnected. 

Ittisdlkan :  to  reach ;  to  attain  to ;  =  sampaikan, 

^    atong.     The  motion  of  a  boat  on  the  water 

^       when  the  tendency  to  drift  is  impeded  (but 

not  altogether  prevented )  by  an  anchor  with 

a  short  cable  or  by  any  similar  means.    Cf. 

apong  and  katong, 

Udang  a, :  a  lobster  ;   Kl. 


;\ju\   ittifak. 


Arab.     Concord;  harmony. 


ij\  atap.  I.  A  roof;  roofing — especially  (but 
not  necessarily)  a  roof  of  leaves  in  contradis- 
tinction to  one  of  tiles  or  shingles.  Atap-nya 
daripada  zamrM  yang  hijau:  it  was  roofed 
with  green  emerald.  Rumah  atap:  a  house 
made  of  roofing,  i,e.,  of  palm  leaves  dried 
and  worked  in  a  certain  way. 

A .  ayan :  a  corrugated  iron  roof, 

A .  batu :  a  tiled  roof. 

A,  bintang-bintang :  n,  roof  with  many  holes 
in  it. 

A .  genting :  =  a,  batu, 

A.  gajah  menyusu:  a  roofed  (but  not  walled) 
passage  connecting  a  kitchen  or  outhouse 
with  the  main  building. 

A,  limas:  v.  limas, 

A .  rungkup :  a  roof  with  overhanging  eaves. 

Bengkawan  a, :  the  lath  passing  through  a 
piece  of  Malay  thatching;  the  numeral  co- 
efficient of  pieces  of  thatching. 

Chuchor  a, :  (i)  also  chuchoran  a, ;  the  runnels 
on  a  roof  between  the  rows  of  tiles ;  (2)  the 
name  given  to  a  medicinal  drug. 

Kasau  a. :  the  rafters  on  which  a  Malay  roof 
rests. 

n.  Teratap:  a  rough  lean-to  or  shed; 
properly  teratak^  q.  v.     See  Ht.  Best.,  71. 


yjp^    atal.     A  medicinal  drug  of  a  hard,  stone-like 
character;  Kl.  =^  artal? 

u\    utama.     Skr.    The  ancient  and  literary  form 
of  a  word  now  pronounced  utdma,  v.  j»v »  I. 


ATMA 


[     4     ] 


AJAL 


U\    atma.     Skr.    The  ancient   and  literary  form 
of  a  word  now  pronounced  utama,  v.  ^vi  II. 


(^\    ati.     Better  hati,  q.  v. 


atau.     Skr.     (Riau-Johor)    Or;   either;  else; 
(Kedah)  atawa. 


^\j\    ithbftt.       Arab.      Affirmation ;      to     affirm ; 
Majm.  al-Ahk.,  410. 

Ithbdtkan  (and  mengithbdtkan) :  to  confess ;  to 
avow.  Yang  di-ithbdtkan  itu  melainkan 
Allah:  he  only  avowed  (his  belief  in)  the  one 
God;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard.  See  also  Sh.  L  M.  P., 
10;  Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  10. 

i\    athar.     Arab.       Trace;     sign;     impression; 
memorial. 

Al-athar:  the  traditional  sayings  of  the 
Prophet. 

\\ij\    athk&L     [Arab.    Plur.  of  Jsi.]    Burden,  load 
— especially  the  load  of  sin. 

O^^  itlmain.  [AvBbr,yaumii*l-ithnaini:  the  second 
day  of  the  week;  Monday.]  Hart  ithnain: 
Monday;  also  pronounced  isnen^  senen  and 
sinayan. 

This  word  is  sometimes  used  as  a  proper 
name. 

^W\  ij&b.  Arab.  To  hear  (and  fulfil)  a  prayer. 
Also  written  ^^;   Arabian  Nights,  18. 

i;\>-\    ijiibat.     Arab.     The  hearing  of  prayer. 
^\>\    y&d.     Arab.     Kindhearted. 
53W\    ijMat.     Arab.     Kindheartedness. 

©^W\    ijfi'rah.     Arab.     Wages    (of  a  coolie);  daily 
^   *        payment  of  ijrat,  q.  v. 

e)W\  ijd^zah.  Arab.  Diploma;  certificate;  the  cer- 
tificate of  competency  given  by  a  teacher  to  a 
pupil;  a  licence  to  practice;  leave;  permission. 
Memohunkan  ijdzah-ijdzah  kaluwar  menchari 
bunga  ubat-nya  itu:  asking  for  permission  to 
depart  in  search  of  the  flower  which  was  to 
serve  as  a  remedy;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  6.  Idzin 
danijazah:  permission  and  licence;  Muj.,  9. 
Cf.  also  Muj.,  7,  15;   Sh.  Laili  Mejn.,  11. 

^j^W\    ijfi,s.     Arab.     Damson-plums. 

L^.^\    ajab.     Better    ^^^ ,  q.  v. 

X^    ijb&r.     Arab.     Compulsion. 
-/  •  • 

3\4:>-\    ijtih&d.     Arab.     Zeal;   solicitude;   diligence; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  128. 


ajar.     I.     Instruction;  teaching. 

Ajaran :    instruction. 

Ajari  and  mBngajari:   to  instruct  (any  one). 

Ajarkan,  mimpelajarkan  and  mengajarkan :  to 
teach  (any  subject). 

BBlajar:  to  learn. 

M^ngajar :  to  teach ;  to  be  engaged  in  teaching. 

Pilajaran:  teaching;  instruction;  the  subject 
taught. 

P^ngajar:  a  teacher;    an  instructor. 

P^ngajaran :  the  work  of  instruction. 

P^lok  ttiboh  m^ngajar  dirt:  hug  your  body 
and  lecture  yourself;  ponder  on  your  own 
folly;  Prov.     J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  95, 

1 1 .  Ajar-ajar :  [Skr.  acharya  ?]  A  devotee ; 
the  disciple  of  an  ascetic  or  of  any  one  pro- 
fessing to  teach  supernatural  wisdom;  a 
hermit,  Ada-pun  hamba  datang  ka-mari  hendak 
mengisldmkan  ajar-ajar  yang  di-Bukii  Feringgi 
itu:  I  have  come  here  to  convert  to  Muham- 
madanism  the  hermits  upon  Mt.  Feringgi; 
Ht.  Jaya  Lengg.  Segala  jogi  Berhamman 
ajar-ajar  sakaliyan :  all  the  Yogis,  Brahmins 
and  ascetics.  Ht.  Sh.  Cf,  also  Cr.  Gr.,  47; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg.;  etc, 

5^'>-\    ujrat.    Arab.    Wages,  salary,  rent.    Cf.  ijdrah. 


^'    §jing.     Better  jing,  q.  v. 


Jrr 


H    Sjong.     Better  jong,  q.  v. 

\  ajak.  Invitation ;  suasion  to  the  performance 
of  anything,  Di-ajak-nya  masok  dudok:  he 
invited  him  to  come  in  and  sit  down;  Ht. 
Abd.,  310.  Ajak-lah  Jenohati  bersama-sama : 
invite  Yajnawati  as  well;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb, 
Cf.  also   Sej.  Mai.,  104. 

Berajak  (Ht.  P.  J.  P.)  and  mengajak  (Ht. 
Ind.  Jaya) :  to  invite. 


err 


\  ajok.  Mimicry,  imitation  ;  ridicule  by  mimi- 
cry ;  ** taking  off"  a  person;  ridiculing  a 
person's  mannerisms. 

Mengajok  :  to  mimic  ;  to  ridicule  by  mimicry. 
Terlalu  banyak  yang  mengasut  dan  yang  meng- 
ajok :  there  were  very  many  people  ridiculing 
him  and  taking  him  off;  Ht.  Koris. 


y 


ajal.  Arab.  Appointed  time;  term;  destiny; 
the  predestined  period  of  death.  Dari  sibab 
belum  sampai  ajal-nya  belum-lah  iya  mati :  as 
his  hour  had  not  yet  come  he  did  not  then 
perish;  Ht.  Abd.,  69.  Hampir-lah  sampai  ajal- 
ku  akan  mati  :  my  predestined  time  of  death 
is  drawing  nigh;  Sej.  Mai.,  71. 

Wangkang  b^rpintu  empat ; 

Ke-empat-empat  pintu  ka-laut; 
Anak  dagang  menchari  t empat , 

Ajal  di-tunda  mdlikuH-mdut: 

the  stranger  seeks  a  habitation,  but  his  fate  is 
in  tow  of  the  Angel  of  Death ;  Pel.  Abd.,  115. 

The  form  (J>-\  is  also  found  in  this  sense; 
Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  17. 


AJLA 


[    5    ] 


ACHU 


jJ>-\    ajla.     Arab.     Clear ;  convincing — as  a  proof. 

^\^\    ijm&'.     Arab.    To  come  together ;  a  gathering 
V-  *        or  meeting;  Majm.  al-Ahk.,  12. 

Jl2^\    ijm&l.     Arab.     Definition. 

Ijmdlkan  :  to  define  ;  to  give  a  definition. 

jyuA    ijma'tlna.     [Arab.    Plur.     of  ^\  .]     All ; 
altogether ;  Ht.  Zaly.,  14. 

^y>^    ^jan.     To   press    out;     to  squeeze   out.     Cf. 
rejan.     Kl. 

^^\    ajun.     Widest    from    the  mark;  last  in  the 
race;  worst  in  the  competition. 


lT 


Jr 


iU>-\  ajnas.  [Arab.,  the  plural  of  jins;  varieties,  I 
sorts ;  V.  jenis,]  TuhfatuH-ajnds :  a  gift  of 
various  articles;  a  miscellaneous  gift — a 
common  expression  in  epistolary  language — 
a  survival  of  the  period  when  gifts  invariably 
accompanied  letters. 

4>-A>-\    ajujah  =^  jtijaf,  q.  v. 

^^jsA    ajuwaf.     Arab.     Hollow;  cavernous. 

\    aji.     I.     Kawi.     A  king ;  kingly;  royal. 

Bapa  a,  or  rama  a, :  royal  father ;  sovereign ; 
sire.  Kakang  sudah  memberi  malu  rama  aji 
ibti  suri :  you,  my  brother,  have  brought 
shame  upon  the  king,  your  father,  and  the 
queen,  your  mother ;  Ht.  Sh. ;  Ht.  Mas.  Edan. 

Kakang  aji:  my  royal  brother — an  expres- 
sion used  by  the  queen  to  the  king ;  Ht.  Sh. 

Paku  aji  :  cyca. 

Sang  aji:  the  king;  the  sacred  person  of 
the  sovereign.  Sang  aji  Berunai :  the  ruler 
of  Brunai;  Sej.  Mai.,  155. 

Tuwanku  aji  mahkota  :  my  lord,  the  reigning 
king;  Ht.  Koris. 

The  word  aji  is  used  in  literary  but  not  in 
colloquial  Malay. 

n.  Mengaji:  to  study — especially  in  the 
sense  of  religious  study;  to  read;  to  read 
religious  books. 

MBngaji  batang:  v,  batang, 
Pengajiyan :    the  ability  to  read ;   the  know- 
ledge acquired  by  study. 

ni.     Jav.     A  secret  magic  formula. 

IV.  Jav.     Price,  value. 

V.  Hind.  An  interjection  used  to  call  or 
bespeak  the  attention  of  a  person  with  whom 
one  is  familiar. 

\>-\    ajlr.     Arab.     A   coolie;    a  labourer  for  daily 
wages  (ujrat). 

s\>\    achara.     [Skr.   dchAra,]     Rule  of  conduct; 
'        religious   observance;     regulated   manner    of 
Hfe. 


A    achat.     (Kedah.)     A  small  leech,  larger  than 
a  pachat  but  smaller  than  a  lintah. 

-\    achita.     A  kind  of  rice ;  Kl. 


JT 


f^' 


o^^ 


JT' 


achar.  I.  [Hind,  achdr.]  Pickles;  fruit  or 
vegetables  preserved  in  vinegar.  Cf.  jirok  and 
halwa.     Kam.  Kech.,  11 ;  Ht.  Abd.,  292. 

n.  (Kedah.)  A  sink;  a  gutter;  a  rubbish 
hole ;  a  drain ;  a  puddle ;  any  place  into 
which  slops  are  emptied  or  dirt  is  thrown, 
Kain  dalam  achar;  kutib  chuchi  diya  hendak 
ka-longkang  juga:  a  garment  thrown  away 
in  the  sink;  you  may  pick  it  up  and  clean 
it,  but  it  will  always  find  its  way  to  the  drain 
in  the  end ;  (irreclaimable) ;   Prov. 

A  char  an:  id. 

achang.     A  messenger ;  an  informer. 

achap.  1.  Deeply  im.mersed  or  stuck  in 
anything. 

n.  A  chap -achap :  swiftly;  speedily;  Kl.  = 
(Kedah)  chap-chap. 

achum.  Stirring  up  anger  by  tale-bearing; 
repeating  to  one  person  what  another  person 
has  said  about  him;  Ht.  Best.,  42. 

Achuman:  a  cause  of  such  irritation;  the 
malicious  stirring  up  of  enmity;  Sh,  Bid.,  ill. 

Mengachum:  to  libel;  to  excite  enmity  by 
slander.  Di-chari  bichara  mengachum  anak-ku : 
a  pretext  was  sought  to  slander  my  child; 
Ht.  Best.,  56. 

achan.  I.  Interfering  with  a  person's 
movements  by  continually  getting  in  his 
way,  either  intentionally,  by  way  of  teasing 
him,  or  unintentionally,  as  sometimes  happens 
when  two  people  coming  from  different  direc- 
tions meet  each  other  and  both  move  aside 
in  the  same  direction.  Achan  hantu:  obstruc- 
tion in  the  latter  sense. 

II.  To  attract  small  deer  by  imitating 
certain  sounds.     Cf.  tikut. 

achll.  Menacing,  but  not  carrying  out  one's 
threat;  a  threatening  gesture  not  followed 
by  attack ;  an  act  such  as  lifting  a  stick  but 
not  striking,  or  shaking  one's  fist  without 
further  action.  Di-genggam-nya  tangan-nya 
di-achukan-nya  di-muka  tuwan  itu :  he  closed 
his  fist  and  shook  it  before  that  gentleman's 
face  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  250. 

The  word  is  also  used  of  a  blow  being  actu- 
ally attempted  or  a  lunge  being  unsuccessfully 
made.  Maka  tangan-nya  UrkHdr-ketar  duwa 
tiga  kali  di-achu-nya  tiyada  dapat  di-tikam-nya: 
his  hand  shook,  and  though  he  made  two  or 
three  lunges  he  did  not  succeed  in  stabbing 
him ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jay. 

Achuwan:  a  matrix;  a  mould;  a  model;  Ht. 
Abd.,  234. 


ACHAH 


[     6    ] 


AKHIB 


4>.\ 


^^ 


achah.  Mingachah:  to  feint;  to  pretend  to 
be  about  to  strike  a  certain  kind  of  blow  in 
order  to  cover  a  different  attack.     Kl. 

acheh.  I.  The  name  of  a  small  wood-leech  ; 
Cr. 

II.     Acheen. 


aohi.  I.  (Pahang?)  Achi-achi :  the  lever 
by  which  the  boom  of  a  Malay  boat  is  turned 
over  and  over  and  the  sail  furled  ;  C.  and  S.=: 
chachif  q.  v. 

II.  Done? — an  expression  used  by  people 
in  bargaining  or  betting  to  signify  that  every- 
thing is  settled.  Achi-achi :  id.  Ta'-achi: 
the  bet  is  off,  the   offer  is  not  closed  with;  = 

III.  Tarn.  Elder  sister  ;  a  respectful  form 
of  address  in  speaking  to  elderly  Tamil  women. 


ihatah.      Arab.     To  surround. 


f 


\.^^^\    ihtisdib.       Arab.     Imputation  ;  to  impute. 


ihtishd,m.     Arab.     Reverence ;     obedience. 

jU^X>-\    ihtik&r.     Arab.     Buying    up     and    cornering 

food-grain     ( a    great    sin    in    Muhammadan 
eyes). 

^ji>^    ihtimfi,!.       Arab.     To     bear;     to    suffer;   to 
endure. 

-i>-\  ahad.  Arab.  One.  Maka  Kddli  pun  tarn- 
pil'lah  ka-hadapan  mengahad-kan  keduwa-nya: 
the  Kali  stepped  forward  to  make  the  pair  one 
(to  unite  them  in  marriage);  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  13. 

Hart     ahad :    the    first  day    of  the  week ; 
Sunday. 

eJ^    ahadah.        [Arab.       The    feminine    form  of 
ahad.]       Sole;    single;    first;    Sh.  I.  M.  P.,  7. 

AjJ^\    ahdiyyat.     Arab.     Unity;  concord;  union. 

A/^^    ihr&m.       Arab.       Anathema ;    interdict ;  the 

period   during  which  certain  things  are  for- 
bidden, 

^^w>-\    ihsto.     Arab.    Beneficence;  favour;  kindness. 

m6s>A    ahk&m.     [Arab.      Plur.  of  J>-.]     Laws;  the 

law.     Majma  'u'  l-ahkam:  the  Muhammadan 
Code  of  Laws;    the  (Johor)  Code. 

-X-^^    ahmad.       Arab.       Highly     praiseworthy;   a 

proper   name  often  occurring  among  Muham- 
madans. 


^^ 

ahmar. 

Nights, 

Arab. 
43. 

^^ 

ahmak. 

Arab. 

J 


Red;  Ht.  Zaly.,  16;  Arabian 


Foolish  ;    stupid ;   ignorant ; 

easily  angered;  Ht.  Abd.,  280;  Sej.  Mai.,  79; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  77. 

j\j>-^  ahwal.  [Arab.  Plural  of  hdl :  state ;  thing ; 
event.]  Hdl  ahwdl :  events ;  occurrences  of 
all  sorts ;  general  state  of  affairs.  Segala  hdl 
ahwdl  zamdn-zamdn  yang  tersebut  itu :  all  the 
incidents  of  the  period  in  question ;  Ht.  Abd.,  6. 

Usually  pronounced  ahowdL 
\^\    ihyS,'.     Arab.     To   restore  to  life. 
SiW^    ikhadzat.     Arab.     A  fief. 

j\jA  akhMr.  [Arab.  Plural  of  v^^>•  ,  q.  v.]  News  ; 
information ;  (sometimes)  a  newspaper. 

jU>-^  ikhbar.  Arab.  News-giving;  reporting; 
making  known. 

,Ual>-\    ikhtisar.      Arab.     Definition. 


J 


^jfi>Uaxi-\    ikhtisis.      Arab.     To  belong  to. 

^'^1>.\    ikhtilfi.S.       Arab.      Robbery ;     to  rob ;    high- 
way robbery. 

i.J'ibji-^    ikhtilaf.      Arab.       Discord;    difference;    dis- 
parity; inconsistency;  Ht.    Kal.  Dam.,  197. 

ilaj>-\  ikhtiy&r.  Arab.  Choice;  election;  free  will; 
a  deliberate  decision ;  a  carefully  thought  out 
plan  for  attaining  any  object.  Di-serah- 
kan  ikhtiydr  kapada-nya  daripada  haik  dan 
jahat-nya :  he  was  permitted  to  choose  freely 
between  good  and  evil;  Ht.  Abd.,  402.  Men- 
chart  ikhtiydr  hendak  mengambil  gemala  itu  :  to 
think  out  a  scheme  for  securing  possession  of 
that  talismanic  stone ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  84. 
Dengan  ikhtiydr-nya  sendiri  juga :  of  his  own 
choice ;  of  his  own  free  will. 

Pulang  ikhtiydr :  to  allow  another  person  to 
think  a  matter  out ;  to  hand  over  to  another 
the  responsibility  of  deciding  any  point. 

Bagaimana  ikhtiydr  kamu :  what  do 
think ;  what  is  your  plan  or  proposal ; 
Best.,  91. 


you 
Ht. 


JoA    akhidz.     Arab.     A  collector ; 


a  receiver. 


.\ 


akhir.  Arab.  Last,  remotest ;  the  end. 
Akhir-nya:  in  the  end;  ultimately;  the  end 
of  anything.  Akhir-nya  iya  hinggap  di-bela- 
kang  kerbau  :  it  finally  perches  on  the  buffalo's 
back;  Ht.  Abd.,  115.  Daripada  awwal  hingga 
akhir-nya:  from  first  to  finish;  from  first  to 
last. 


A  khir  zamdn,  or  akhir  dan  zamdn , 
and  ever;  to  the  end  of  time. 


for  ever 


AKHIRAT 


[    7    ] 


ADEK 


\  akhirat.  Arab.  The  future  life;  eternity; 
the  day  of  judgment.  Dart  dunya  sanipai  ka- 
akhirat :  from  worldly  to  heavenly  life ;  from 
our  days  on  earth  to  those  in  heaven. 


a>\    akhdlar.     Arab.     Dark  green. 

Vi>-\    ikhfa'.     Arab.     To  hide. 

^^y6^  ikhl&S.  Arab.  Sincerity;  candour.  Sttratu 
H'ikhlas  :  a  letter  written  in  sincere  friendship ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  222,  466;  Ht.  Koris;  Muj.,  14,  etc. 

^^  ada.  Existence ;  actual  presence ;  present 
condition  ;  to  be.  Ada  laut  ada4ah  perompak  : 
the  existence  of  a  sea  (means)  the  existence  of 
pirates;  Prov.  Ada  bangkai  ada-lah  hereng : 
where  a  carcase  is,  there  will  vultures  also  be ; 
Prov. 

Adakan  and  mengadakan :  to  bring  into  ex- 
istence ;  to  create ;  to  appoint.  Nyawa  sehaja 
tiyada  buleh  di-adakan-nya :  life  alone  they 
cannot  call  into  existence ;  Ht.  Abd.,  299, 
Hubongan  huruf  yang  bukan-bukan  di-adakan- 
nya  :  he  kept  making  impossible  combinations 
of  letters ;  Ht.  Abd.,  185.  Mengadakan  bentara 
empat  puloh :  to  appoint  forty  poursuivants ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  87. 

Keadaan :  state ;  conditions  or  mode  of  life 
or  existence.  Hina  keadaan  diri-ku :  my 
position  is  a  humble  one.  'Ilmu  kejadiyan  dan 
tabPat  dan  keadaan  *dlam :  the  science  of  the 
creation,  nature  and  present  condition  of  the 
earth — i.e.,  cosmogony,  geology  and  geo- 
graphy; Ht.  Abd.,  5. 

Ada-nya:  (literally)  its  state;  it  is  so — an 
expression  often  used  to  close  a  sentence  or 
paragraph. 

Tiyada  :  non-existence ;  not — the  negative  of 
ada. 

Ta'-dapat  tiyada  or  tadapatiyada :  there  is  no 
denying  it ;  no  negation  is  possible ;  must ; 
of  necessity. 

^y\  adab.  Arab.  Refinement  of  manners ;  court- 
esy; politeness.  Dengan  adab:  courteously. 
Balek  adab  and  biadab,  q.  v. :  discourtesy ; 
rudeness. 


J 


iw\    udara.     See  udard. 


J 


y\    adar.     I.     Aged;  advanced  in  years ;  Marsd., 
Cr.,    R.  V,  E.     Also  iidar. 

n.     To  sleep  at  a  friend's  house;  =  tandang 
or  bertandang. 

\^y\  udara.  [Skr.  adhara.]  The  atmosphere ;  the 
air;  the  folds  of  air  round  the  earth.  Burong 
yang  di-udara  :  the  birds  of  the  air.  Menyu- 
chikan  udara :  to  clear  the  atmosphere. 

Also  pronounced  udara, 

Q\.y\    udana.     Seri  udana :  a  Kedah  title  of  distinc- 
tion. 


Z']j'^^   adiraja.    See  adi. 
(j**i^«^'    idrts.     Arab.     A   proper  name ;  Enoch.  Nabt 


Idrh:  Enoch. 


^^^    aaas.     Adasmanis:  aniseed  (ilicium  anisatumj; 
Kam.  Kech.,  9. 


-y^   adas. 
Kam 

A,  pedas:  fennel;  fceniculum  vulgare. 

9'^\    adaug.     I.     Obstruction;   barring  a  passage; 
^        lying  in  wait  in  an  ambush  to  stop  the  progress 

of  an   enemy ;   intercepting    a  blow    struck. 

Hamba  adang  diya   di-jalan:    I  will    waylay 

him;   Ht.  Sri.  Rama. 

Batu  a. :    wall-like  masses  of  rock  impeding 
operations  in  alluvial  mining. 

Mengadang:  to  intercept;  to  stop;  to  oppose 
a  barrier  to. 

To'  Laksamana  memerentah  laut, 
Mengadang  musoh  orang  jahat : 

the  Dato  Laksamana  rules  the  sea,  guarding 
us  against  foes  and  the  wicked;  J.  I.  A., 
Vol.  L,  150. 

Mengadangkan:  to  interpose  (anything)  as  a 
barrier  or  defence;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Pengadang:   anything    interposed  as  a   pro- 
tection; e.g.,  a  shield. 

Sudah  berbunyi  gendang  perang, 

Tenter  a  lashkar  ka-luwar  ka-padang; 

Pedang  lembing  tombak  bendBrang, 

Perisai  menjadi  guna  pengadang: 

when  the  drum  of  battle  beats,  when  the 
armies  appear  on  the  field  with  swords,  spears 
and  pikes  of  state,  then  shields  become  useful 
for  warding  off  (blows). 

Cf.   s^kat,  gBdang,  etc. 

n.     Adang-adang:    sometimes;     at     times. 
Better  kadang-kadang,  q.  v. 

ni.     Mengadang-adang :  to  shake  grain  on  a 
winnowing  pan ;  Kl. 

i'ys    ading.     Younger  brother  or  sister;  Sh.  Panj. 
Sg.     Usually  adek  or  adinda. 

V— 5j>\    adap.     See  hadap. 

x^^    Sdap.     I.     A  kind  of  tambourine.     Also  adap. 
Kl. 

n.     (Siam?)      A    long     knife    or    sword. 
Better  dap,  q.  v. 


JUj\   adipati.    See  adi. 
is\    adak.       See    tiradak. 

I^\  adek.  Younger  brother  or  sister;  a  term  of 
endearment  used  by  an  elder  to  a  slightly 
younger  person,  especially  by  a  husband  to 
a  wife. 

Adek  beradek:  brothers  and  sisters.    Di-pan- 
dang  orang  saperti  adek  beradek  ada-nya:  so 


ADOK 


[    8    ] 


ADI 


far  as  could  be  seen  they  behaved  to  each 
other  as  brothers.  Mengaku  adek  bBradek: 
(literally)  to  accept  as  a  brother  or  sister;  a 
friendly  termination  of  a  closer  relationship  or 
a  limit  to  possible  relations.  Also  ambil  akan 
saudara, 

Adek  kakak:  relatives;  immediate  relatives. 

Adeksa-pupu:  a  younger   first  cousin. 

Adek  duwa  pupn:  a  younger  second  cousin. 

The  word  adek  is,  however,  often  used  of  a 
cousin  without  any  closer  definition  of  the 
relationship. 

Bintang  tiga  beradek :  a  constellation  of  three 
stars. 

The  form  adinda  is  more  respectful  than  adek. 
The  form  ading  is  also  met  with. 

y\  adok.  (Batavian  and  Sumatran  Malay;  occa- 
sionally heard  in  the  Peninsula.)  Stirring  up; 
thoroughly  mixing;  stirring  about.  Champor 
adok :  mixing  and  stirring  up  — «.  e.,  the 
blending  of  various  ingredients.  A  char  champor 
adok :  mixed  pickles. 

adikara.    See  adu 

Adam.  Arab.  Also  Nabt  Adam  and  Nabi 
Allah  Adam:  Adam;  the  common  ancestor  of 
mankind.  Adam  bernama  N4r  Hayyati :  Adam 
known  as  the  Light  of  Life;  Sh.  L  M.  P.,  4. 

Anak  Adam  or  bant  Adam:  the  descendants 
of  Adam ;  mankind. 

Ktilit  adam :  the  peculiar  light-coloured  base 
of  the  nail;  the  nail  before  discoloration 
through  exposure.  According  to  native 
tradition  this  represents  the  complexion  of 
Adam  before  the  Fall. 

^^  adon.  L  Fastidiousness  or  care  in  adorning 
one's  self;  finery  or  neatness  in  dress. 

Beradon :  to  be  careful  about  dress  ;  to  be 
a  dandy. 

Adonkan pengantin :  to  dress  a  bridegroom. 

IL    Mengadon:  to  knead. 
Adonan:  dough, 
Cf.  adok* 

^S\  adinda.  A  derivative  of  <3^d^^,  q.  v.;  a  term 
of  endearment,  having  the  same  meaning  as 
adekf  but  not  its  associations  of  familiarity; 
a  vocative  implying  respect  as  well  as 
fraternal  affection.  For  similar  derivatives, 
cf.  anakanda  from  anak;  ayahanda  from 
ayah,  etc, 

^^\  adu.  L  Contention  ;  contest ;  competition; 
reference  to  a  tribunal  or  to  arbitration. 
Mingadu:  to  contend;  to  compete.  M.  biri- 
biri:  to  make  rams  fight;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 
M.  tentera:  to  make  armies  fight;  Ht.  Isk. 
Djz.,  7.  Adayang  mengadu  kerbau  lembu-nya 
bertarohkan  gunong  padang-nya :  some  started 
contests  between   their  buffaloes    and    bulls 


>\ 


staking  their  hills  and  plains  on  the  result ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Maka  sBgala  anak  raja-raja 
itupun  sakaliyan  mengadu-lah  kBsaktiyan-nya : 
all  the  princes  tested  their  supernatural  powers 
one  against  the  other  ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

Adukan  and  mingadukan :  to  institute  a 
contest ;  to  get  up  a  fight ;  to  institute  legal 
proceedings ;  to  refer  one's  case  to  the 
judgment  of  a  Court  or  individual. 

Barang  apa  salah  isUri-ku  itu  aku  adukan 
kapada-nya:  whenever  my  wife  was  guilty 
of  any  fault,  I  referred  the  matter  to  him. 
MBngadukan  hdl:  to  lay  one's  case  (before 
anyone). 

Aduwan :  a  lawsuit.  PBngaduwan :  a  com- 
plaint ;  a  judicial  information ;  the  laying 
of  one's  case  before  a  Court. 

IL  Beradu:  to  sleep;  to  be  asleep — in  Court 
language.  Raja  biradu:  the  name  of  a  well 
known  Malay  tune. 

Peradtiwan :  a  couch  or  sleeping  place ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Sej,  MaL,  45;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
41,  106;  etc. 

Geta  peraduwan  :  a  sleeping  platform.  Bilek 
peraduwan :  a  bedroom. 


Oj)"^^   adiwama.    See  adi. 


cb^ 


.\ 


adohi,  or  aduhai.  An  exclamation  of  pain, 
sorrow  or  regret ;  alas,  oh  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  8, 
etc. 

PBgang  adohi,  buka  ambohi :  you  seize  it  with 
a  cry  of  pain,  you  open  it  with  one  of 
astonishment ;  a  riddle  descriptive  of  a  durian. 

o-^\    adoh  or  aduh.     Better  adohi,  q.  v. 

t^-^i  adi.  [Skr.  adhi.l  Excellent ;  eminent ;  sur- 
passing ;  an  expression  much  used  as  a  prefix 
to  exalted  titles,  and  usually  contracted  to  di, 
Adohi  tuwan  ariningsun  emas  tempawan  agong 
adi  ratna  pekacha :  alas,  my  lady,  my  love,  my 
fair  one,  perfect  and  excelling  (in  beauty),  my 
gem  of  purity !  Ht.  Sh.  Pendekar  adi :  a 
warrior  of  surpassing  skill ;  a  champion ;  a 
pahalawan;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  6.  Adi  is  often 
used  by  itself  in  this  latter  sense;  Sh.  Panj. 
Sg. ;  Ht.  Koris ;  Ht.  Hamza,  37. 

Adikara :  majestic. 

Adiraja:  altogether  royal;  royal  both  de  jure 
and  de  facto — used  of  a  reigning  sovereign 
who  has  obtained  the  throne  by  inheritance. 
This  word,  usually  in  the  contracted  form 
diraja,  serves  as  a  component  of  many  Malay 
titles  and  dignities.  Angkatan  raja  diraja : 
a  hearse  for  dead  sovereigns.  Dato'  seri  nara 
diraja,  dato'  seri  amar  diraja :  Malay  titles  of 
distinction. 

Adipati  (sometimes  contracted  to  dipati) : 
a  Javanese  expression  of  distinction  ;  a  com- 
ponent part  of  many  Javanese  titles,  e.  g,, 
pangeran  adipati,  raden  mas  adipati,  etc. 

Adiwarna:  excellent  in  colour;  glowing  or 
beautiful  in  tints. 


ADIB 


[     9    ] 


ABAS 


v-y-j[^\    adib.     Arab.     Mannerly ;  courteous. 

^y\  adzSn,  Arab.  The  announcement  of  prayer, 
Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  lo. 

jU3\    idzk§.r.    Arab.     Remembrance,  especially  of 
the  name  of  God  and  constant  repetition  of  it. 

^y^  adzlak.  Arab.  Eloquent;  incisive  in  argu- 
ment. 

^J-i^  idziu.  Permission,  Meminta  idzin :  to  request 
permission.  Mimhiri idzin  (Ht.  Abd.,  60,  347) 
or  idzinhan  (Sh.  Lamp.,  27 ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  4, 
27):  to  grant  permission. 


,\ 


C^\;\ 


ara.  I.  A  generic  name  applied  to  various 
species  of  ficus,  and  to  some  trees  resembling 
the  jkus. 

MinanH  ara  ta'-bBrgetah :  to  wait  for  the  fig- 
tree  to  lose  its  sap— an  endless  waiting  ;  Prov. 
J.S.A.S.,  XXIV.,  118,  Hufang  kayu  ara:  a 
**  fig-tree  "  debt,  i.e.  a  debt  never  paid, — being 
paid  when  the  fig-tree  loses  its  sap. 

A .  akar  :  ficus  binnendykii. 

A .  batu :  ficus  miquelii, 

A .  buloh :  ficus  villosa. 

A .  daun  lebar :  ficus  vylophylla. 

A .  gajah :  ficus  dubia. 

A .  jangkang :  cynocephalus  ammnus. 

A .  jejawi :  ficus  retusa, 

A.jBloteh:  ficus  alHssima  and  ficus  diver- 
sifolia, 

A .  ktchil :  ficus  microstoma. 

A,  kelalawar :  ficus  globosa, 

A .  kubang :  =  a.  huwap, 

A .  kubong :  ficus  annulata, 

A .  kuwap :  ficus  dubia, 

A.  lampong :  =  a.  batu, 

A ,  lidah  rimau :  ficus  pisifera, 

A  •  lumut :  croton  caudatus, 

A .  nasi :  ficus  glabella, 

A  •  pay  a :  ficus  globosa, 

A .  perak :  ficus  alba  reinwardt. 

A,  iampok  pinang  or  a,  tandok:  ficus  indica. 

A .  tanah :  euphorbia  pilulifera. 

A  kar  a. :  aristolochia  roxburghiana, 

Ara  apt,  a,  siyalang,  a.punai:  (unidentified). 

II.     See  arah. 

ir&dat.  Arab.  Will ;  intention ;  decree— used 
especially  of  the  decrees  of  the  Almighty. 
Melakukan  irddat-nya :  to  work  His  will — of 
God;  Sej.  Mai.,  119.  Dengan  irddat  mdlikuH- 
jabdr :  by  the  will  of  the  Almighty  Lord ;  by 
the  will  of  God ;  Sh.  Dag.,  7. 


o,\ 


,\ 


irama.  Payong  irama:  better  payong  tram- 
iram;  v.  iram, 

arb&b.  [Arab.  Plur.  of  rabb,]  Lords; 
masters. 

6rbab.     See  Mrbab  and  rebab, 

arba'S..  Arab.  Four.  Hari  arba*d:  the 
fourth  day,  Wednesday ;  usually  corrupted  in 
form  to  hari  rabu,  Malam  arba'd:  Tuesday 
evening,  or  Tuesday  night ;  Ht.  Abd.,  422. 

arta.  [Skr.  arta,]  Property;  wealth;  Ht. 
Isk.  Dz,  =  hertat  q.  v. 

arit.  Jav.  Slightly  curved  ;  a  slightly  curved 
reaping  knife  =  sabitf  q.  v.  In  Malay  it  is 
used  of  cutting  to  draw  nira  in  making  toddy. 


>j\    erat.  =  rat  and  hBrat,  q.  v. 


OJ0j\ 


■^j 


\ 


Cxfrj 


&> 


j) 


u^y 


firtawan.  [Skr.  the  adjective  of  arta,  ] 
Wealthy ;  =  hBrtawan,  q.  v. 

artal.     Saffron.     Also  hartal. 

Srti.     Meaning;  signification.     Sq&  hMi, 

irth.     Arab.     Inheritance. 

arjiuia.  Skr.  The  third  of  the  Pandawa 
brothers.     Usually  Rajuna  or  Ranjuna,  q.  v. 

archa.  [Skr.  archd,]  An  image ;  a  fresco  or 
carving  representing  some  religious  or  his- 
torical event. 

arham.  Arab.  Most  merciful ;  most  com- 
passionate. 

firda.     Better  reda,  q.  v. 

urdi  or  ordi.  Eur.  Order;  instructions; 
directions;  command. 

arz.     Arab.     The  cedar  or  pine  tree. 

aras.  I.  Rising  to;  up  to;  to  a  level  with, 
Mengaras :  to  rise  to  a  line  with ;  to  rise  to 
the  apparent  level  of.  Naik  ka-udara  sam- 
pai  pergi  mingaras  awan :  rising  in  the  air 
till  he  was  in  a  line  with  the  clouds — i.e.,  in 
a  line  between  the  spectator's  eye  and  the 
clouds ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

MBngaras  awan  is  also  used  of  the  sunset  glow 
seeming  to  '* lift  up"  the  sky.  Jif^gg^^  p^^- 
garas  (Ht.  Mas.  Edan.):  the  colour  of  a 
garment,  may  possibly  be  used  of  this  golden 
yellow  glow. 


ARIS 


[    10    ] 


ARONG 


II.  [Arab.  \j'j>' .]     An  expression  in  chess ; 

** guard  your  queen";  **the  queen  is  *m 
^vhe  '  "  ; — only  used,  however,  when  the  queen 
is  threatened  by  the  knight. 

III.  (Kedah.)     Connection;  v.  iras, 

^\    aris.     I.      [Arab. ^^W .]     A  husbandman. 

II.  [Arab.^jW.]     Wise. 

III.  The  sap  or  gum  of  plants;  the  soft 
portion  of  the  trunk.  Saperti  umpama  gajah 
memamah  aris;  baik  di-ikat :  like  the  case  of 
an  elephant  which  eats  up  the  sap  of  a  planta- 
tion and  is  only  fit  to  be  tied  up ;  Ht.  Ism. 
Yat.,  I.     Cf.  eriyas, 

IV.  A  rope  sewn  round  the  margin  of  a  sail 
to  give  it  strength  ;  a  bolt-rope. 

V.  Eng.     Arrest. 

\\^A    irs&l.     Arab.     Apostleship;  mission. 

^V-i%\    aJ^shstd.     Arab.     Religious  direction  or  guid- 
^       ance.     A  rshddaka'llah :  may  God  lead  you  on 
the  right  path  ;  adieu;  good-bye. 

.  A  \    orghan.     [Eng.   organ.]     A   concertina;    an 
accordeon.     Also  ^yy, 


L\   arang. 

C-^       bakar  a 


I.  Charcoal ;  charcoal  dust.  Mem- 
:  to  burn  charcoal.  Sudah  jadi  abu 
arang  :  it  has  become  cinders  and  charcoal ;  it 
is  an  old  and  forgotten  story ;     Prov. 

Putus  benang,  buleh  di-hubong  ; 
Patah  arang,  sudah  sa-kali  : 

a  broken  thread  may  be  joined  again ;  a 
broken  piece  of  charcoal  is  broken  for  ever ; 
there  are  quarrels  that  can  be  settled  and  others 
that  rankle  for  ever ;    Prov. 

A .  batii :  coal. 

A ,  di-muka :  disgrace ;   defilement ;    v.  infra, 

A .  kayu :  charcoal,  when  special  definition 
is  required,  eg.,  arang  kayu  jati :  charcoal 
made  from  teak,  etc. 

A .  para  or  a.  para-para  :  soot. 
A .  periyok :    soot  on  pots  and  pans  which 
have  been  placed  directly  on  the  fire. 

Benang  a,  :  a  carpenter's  line  made  with  a 
piece  of  charcoal. 

Kayti  a, :  ebony. 

The  smearing  of  charcoal  dust  on  the  face 
is  a  metaphorical  description  of  extreme  defile- 
ment or  insult,  and  occurs  in  many  idioms, 
e.g*,  jika  tiyada  tersapu  arang  di-muka,  dart 
hidop  baik'lah  mati :  if  a  disgrace  is  not  wiped 
out,  better  die  than  live;  Prov.  J.S.A.S., 
III.,  32.  Hapuskan  apa-lah  arang  di-muka 
kita  ini :  wipe  away  somehow  this  disgrace 
which  has  been  put  upon  me ;  Ht.  Hg. 
Tuah,  51. 

Bintang  dt4angit  dapat  di-bilang, 
Tidak  sedar  muka-nya  arang  : 


they  can  count  the  stars  in  the  heavens  but 
fail  to  perceive  a  smut  on  their  faces — i.e., 
their  knowledge  may  be  greater  but  th,eir 
senseof  shame  is  dulled;  Marsd.  Gr.,  211 ;  cf. 
also  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  26;  Ht.  Abd.,  396  ;  etc. 

The  form  haraitg  also  occurs. 

11.  Arang-arang :  the  ring  to  which  the 
stays  of  a  ship  are  fastened. 

p  j\    aiing.     I.     Foul-smelling — as  a  urinal. 

II.  The  small  piece  of  worked  steel  at  the 
top  of  the  blade  of  a  kris.  This  piece,  though 
forming  part  of  the  blade  rather  than  of  the 
handle,  corresponds  in  some  respects  to  the 
guard  on  a  foil. 

III.  Urang-aring :  the  name  of  a  plant 
( unidentified )  in  use  in  the  Malay  pharma- 
copoeia. 

IV.  A  snare  for  catching  small  game  by 
means  of  a  noose.  A .  chachak  :  this  snare,  if 
the  noose  is  on  the  ground.  A,  terbang :  this 
snare,  if  the  noose  is  suspended  in  the  air. 

9'j\    arong.     I.     Wading ;  pushing  through  water ; 
^         fording.     This  word  implies  that  the  progress 

is  made  across  the  river  or  sea  and  not  merely 

by  wading  along  near  one  bank. 

Arongan :  the  central  (and  presumably 
deeper)  portion  of  a  sea  or  river;  the  part 
which  must  be  traversed  if  one  desires  to  get 
across ;  the  crossing.  Di-tengah  arongan  :  in 
the  deepest  portion  of  the  crossing.  Ht.  Raj. 
Don.,  21;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Arongan  besar : 
the  great  deep  ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

Pisau  raut  dalant  kuwali 

Hendak  meraut  bingkai  ialam ; 

Di'tengah  arongan  lautan  Bali, 
Ada-kah  buleh  di-layarkan  malam  : 

in  the  midst  of  the  deep  seas  by  Bali,  dare 
any  person  sail  by  night  ?    Pel.  Abd.,  113. 

Mengarong :  to  ford  ;  to  wade  across ;  to 
traverse  the  deep ;  to  cross  the  sea ;  ( by 
metaphor)  to  cross  a  sea  of  forest. 

Belayar  mengarong  :  to  put  out  from  the 
shore  in  contradistinction  to  hugging  it ;  Ht. 
Raj.  Don.,  22.  Beberapa  mengarong  j or ong yang 
dalam-dalam :  many  deep  estuaries  did  they 
traverse;  Ht.  Sh.  Ka-dalam  kolam  patek  men- 
garong :  1  shall  wade  into  the  pool. 

Mengarong  is  also  used  of  tramping  about  in 
water  or  any  other  liquid;  =  merandok* 
Saperti  gajah  mengarong  minyak :  like  an 
elephant  pressing  out  oil ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Mengarong  darah  :  to  wade  through  blood ; 
a  metaphorical  expression  for  great  slaughter  ; 
Ht.  Raj.  Kh.,  18,  24.  Biyar  mati  mengarong 
darah :  may  I  die  wading  through  blood  ( as  a 
man  running  amok). 

The  form  harong  is  also  found. 

11.     Slender,  slight ;  =  ramping.     Kl. 


Srang 


[  "  ] 


ARAM 


b' 


'0 


-} 


LT^} 


or 


Srang.     Meng^mng  :  to  groan  with  pain, 
Kena  s^ngat  sembilang  karang, 
Siyang  malam  dudok  mengerang  : 

if  you  are  stung  by  the  sembilang  karang  (a 
fish),  day  and  night  you  will  be  sitting  and 
groaning. 

The  form  herang  is  also  found. 

fireng.  The  vulture;  a  bird  known  in  the 
northern  Malay  States  only.  Ada  bangkai 
ada-lah  ereng:  where  there  is  a  carcase  there 
will  also  be  vultures;    Prov. 

Also  hereng,  reng,  and  nokreng, 

arip.  I.  Jav.  Sleepy;  weighed  down  by 
sleep.  Arip  sangat  mata  kakanda:  my  eyes 
are  heavy  with  sleep;  Ht.  Koris. 

II.      [Arab,  v-J^W  .  ]      Knowing;  wise, 

arpus.  [Derivation?]  Catgut;  the  material 
of  which  fiddle  strings  are  made. 

arak.  I.  [Arab.  3/^.]  Arrack;  spirits;  dis- 
tilled liquors  generally.  Bekas  berisi  arak  dan 
darah :  a  vessel  filled  with  spirits  and  blood ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  310.     Also  Sh.  Bid.,  95. 

1 1 .  Processional  progress ;  bearing  or  march- 
ing in  procession ;  carrying  about  in  triumph. 
Di-arak-lah  di-atas  kereta:  he  was  borne  in 
procession  on  a  carriage. 

Arak-arakan:  processional.  Gendang  arak- 
arakan:  a  drum  used  in  processions;  a  drum 
of  a  portable  character;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  87. 

Berarak :  following  one  after  another  as  in  a 
procession.  Saperti  awan  berarak:  like  driv- 
ing clouds;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.;  Sej.  MaL,  38. 
Berarak-arakan:  in  continual  succession;  — - 
berarak,  but  more  frequentative. 

Mengarak:  to  walk  in  a  procession;  to  walk 
after  anything  at  a  regular  interval  as  in  a 
procession.  Saperti  bintang  timor  mengarak 
akan  siyang:  as  the  evening  star  follows  upon 
daylight;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Mengarak  naga:  to 
go  in  procession  bearing  an  artificial  dragon — 
of  a  Chinese  procession;  Sh.  Jub.  MaL,  12. 

Sekarang  adinda  baginda  hendak  mengarak 
kapada  Indera  Nata:  now  the  Queen  will  go 
in  procession  to  (the  house  of)  Indra  Nata; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

Pemarakan  (Sh.  Paiij,  Sg.)  and  per  arakan: 
a  processional  car  or  emblem.  Maka  per  ara- 
kan ihi'pim  mengarak  sendiri-nya  berjalan:  the 
processional  car  travelled  automatically  along 
with  the  procession;  Ht,  Sh,  Kub.  Segala 
bunyi-bunyiyan  yang  di-atas  pirarakan  itu-ptm 
di-palu  orang :  all  the  musical  instruments  on 
the  processional  car  were  beaten  by  the  band ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Perarakan  berjentera :  a  processional  car,  the 
top  or  cupola  of  which  revolves  horizontally 
round  a  pivot;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  13;  Sh.  Bid.,  84. 
Cars  of  this  description  are  occasionally  seen 
in  kudu  processions  in  Singapore. 


6} 


6} 


^j\ 


arik.     Arab.     Sleeplessness;  insomnia. 

arok.  A  sort  of  war-dance,  said  to  be  of  Bugis 
origin,  and  danced  as  an  act  of  fealty  or 
homage  before  a  reigning  sovereign.  Men- 
garok  :  to  dance  this  dance. 

arka.     Arab.     Weak;  enfeebled. 

araWyan.  Furthermore;  moreover;  thus; 
then. 

This  word  is  a  compound  of  ara  II.  and  kiyan, 
q.v. ,  but  is  usually  pronounced  arkiyan.  It  is 
used  at  the  commencement  of  a  paragraph  or 
sentence. 

arga.     Skr.    Price;   value;  =  herga,   q,   v. 
organ.     Eng.    A  concertina;  an  accordeon. 

aral.  [Arab.  «j^ .]  An  obstacle;  a  misfor- 
tune; a  difficulty  which  stands  in  the  way  of 
progress.  Suwatu  pun  tidak  aral  melintang : 
there  is  absolutely  no  obstacle  across  the 
path;  Sh.  Bid.,  120.  Jikalau  iiyada  aral 
gendala:i(  there  is  no  unfortunate  obstacle; 
Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  6. 

urlit.     An  ear  pendant  with  a  metallic  tassel, 

orlong.  A  land  measurement;  =  20  jumbas 
(linear)  or  400  jumbas  (square  measurement). 
A  square  orlong  is  about  ij  acre. 

Also    (Kedah)   relong. 


^_Jl^  A    orlop.     A  nautical  term;  orlop. 

^yy    orloji.     Eur.    A  watch;  a  clock.     Also  horloji, 

A  A    aram.     I.     Suspicion;    feelings    of  watchful 
'"^       mistrust  or  hostility. 

Bidan  terang,  terang  temaram, 
Hantu  berjalan  laki-bini; 

Jangan  tuwan  di-aram-aranty 
Sehaya  tidak  lama  di-sini : 

do  not  look  upon  me  with  suspicion ;  I  do  not 
intend  to  stay  here  long. 

II.  Aram-temaram:  dimmed  in  lustre;  half 
lustrous  only — as  a  clouded  moon.  Bulan  pun 
aram-temaram  saperti  belas  akan  orang  yang  ber- 
cherai :  the  moon's  face  was  clouded  as  though 
in  pity  at  the  parting  (of  the  lovers) ;  Ht.  Perb. 

Jay. 

The  forms  terang-temaram  Sindterang  temarang 
are  also  found. 

III.  Aram-aram :  a  temporary  and  easily 
moveable  light  lean-to,  such  as  is  used  by  a 
road  coolie  for  protection  against  the  sun 
while  doing  his  work. 

IV.  M^ngaram:  =  mengeram;v,  next  word. 


t 


V' 


jfc%\    dram.     Crouching;  brooding;  sitting  crouched 

^  down  on  the  ground ;  sitting  on  eggs — of  a 

fowl.  M^^g^^ra^f^;  to  sosit;  to  crouch.   Sapirti 

harimau  mingiram  bangkai  rupa-nya :  like  a  tiger 

crouching  over  a  carcase ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

In  many  cases  the  word  has  also  the  sense 
of  growling  or  murmuring;  cf.  irang.  Pujok 
samhil  mengiram  :  murmuring  endearments ; 
Ht.  Perb.  Jay. 

The  forms  ram  and  mBngaram  also  occur, 
^U  A    aimada.    Port.    A  fleet. 

^\    aran.     A  night  line  for  catching  fish. 

^j\  aron.  To  rub  pulut  rice  into  coco-nut  milk 
until  the  oil  of  the  latter  comes  out  and  is 
mixed  with  the  rice. 

Aronan:  the  mixture  so  prepared. 

Cf.  adon,  of  which  aron  is  probably  only  a 
variant  used  in  a  special  sense. 

QjS    uma.     Better  warna,  q.  v. 

V*^ '    amab.     [  Arab.     A  hare.]    A  rabbit ;  M  uj .,  19, 
50;  Hay.  Haiw. 

The  word  is  also  applied  to  a  guinea-pig. 

*:  \ 
Cr**"j^    armingsun.     (Jav.)    My  younger  sister — an 

expression  used  as  a  term  of  endearment  in 

addressing  a  wife  or  mistress ;  =  adinda,  but 

confined  to  romances  and  poetry  of  Javanese 

origin   and   to  a  few  pantuns;   see  Sh.    Ik, 

Trub.,  9;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  7;  Sh.  Bid.,  70;  Ht. 

Sg.  Samb.,  etc. 

The  word  is  often  pronounced  arya-ningsun, 
or  arya-ingsun  in  pantuns,  and  is  sometimes 
contracted  to  ingsun,  or  ningsun. 

•ij\    arau.     Better  haratiy  q.  v. 

4%\    aru.     Agitation,  stirring  up;  better  haru,  q.  v. 

j^^  Sru.  The  casuarina;  casuarina  equiseiifolia. 
Also  called  Bru  laut, 

£ni  bukit:  a  tree  found  on  mountains  of 
some  considerable  elevation,  dacrydium  elatum. 
This  tree  resembles  the  casuarina.  The  form 
m  also  occurs. 

]pj^  arwa.  A  saw-edged  knife  said  to  be  of  Indian 
origin. 

^L  A    arw&h.     [  Arab.    Plur.  of  r4h :  spirit  or  breath 

of  life.]    The  vital  elements  in  man  ;  the  vital 
principle  (s^mangat)  ^nd  (sometimes)  the  soul. 

Hilang  arwdh :  loss  of  consciousness,  diminu- 
tion of  vitality  consequent  on  a  sudden  mental 
shock;  Ht.  Abd.,  364.  Tirbang  arwdh:  id.; 
Ht.  Abd.,  282;  Marsd.  Gr.,  i^^;=ierbang 
shnangat,  Tumpah  arwdh;  id.;  Sh.  Bur. 
Pungg.,  4. 


A 


A 


Makan  arwdh :  to  feast  in  honour  of  the  dead ; 
to  hold  a  *'khanduri.**  Arwdhkan:  id.;  Sh. 
Ul.,  15.  Bulan  arwdh,  or  bulan  ruwdh :  a  name 
given  to  the  month  Sha*aban  because  of  a 
great  festival  in  honour  of  the  dead.  Khand4ri 
akan  arwdh  puUri :  a  feast  to  honour  the  soul 
of  the  princess;  Ht.  Hamza,  99.  Khanduri 
beri  arwdh:  id.;  Ht.  Ahm.  Muhd.,  32. 

Arwdh  is  specially  used  with  reference  to 
these  feasts  in  honour  of  the  dead ;  ruh,  the 
singular,  is  used  of  the  soul  of  a  man  when 
there  is  no  feast  in  question.  For  the  use  of 
arwdh  and  ruh  in  the  sense  of  vital  principle, 
see  s.  V.  semangat. 


'^Jijr   aruda. 


Port.     Common  rue;  ruta  graveolens. 


Q^j\    aruwan.     Ikan    amwan:  a  freshwater     fish; 
ophiocephahis  punctattis. 

A.  tasek:  a  salt-water  fish;  elacate  nigra. 
Also  haruwan  and  ruwan.     V.  haru, 

Oj»    arah.     Also    ara     (Arab.    \/^  ?)      Direction; 

course ;  the  quarter  towards  which  anything 
faces;  direction  or  instruction  regarding  a 
route.  Tiyada  siapa  ketahuwi  arah  iaman  itu  : 
no  one  knew  the  direction  in  which  the 
garden  lay:  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  24.  Rumah-nya 
arah  sa-belah  laut:  his  house  faced  the  sea; 
Ht.  Abd.,  194. 

Sa  'keliling  arah :  on  all  sides. 

Tiyada  ketahtiwan  arah:  not  knowing  one's 
position;  not  knowing  whether  one  is  standing 
on  one's  head  or  on  one's  heels;  Sh.  Pr.  Turk., 
12  ;    Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  15  ;    Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  19. 

Ta'4entu  arah:  in  confusion.  Ta'-berarah:  id; 
Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  10. 


^\    ari.     I.     Day;  =  hari,  q.  v. 


II.  Ari-ari:  the  pubes;  the  extreme  lower 
portion  of  the  abdomen  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  302. 

III.  Ktditari:  the  epidermis;  the  thin  outer 
skin  which  if  scratched  does  not  bleed  or 
give   pain, 

IV.  Ularari:  a  very  venomous  sea-snake; 
KI.  [=  ular  tampong  (or  tedong)  matahari?] 

Rtmiput  tdar  art:  a  plant;  erycibe  angulata. 
Also  tampong  ari. 

V.  Burong  ari-ari:  a  bird  (unidentified); 
Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  I. 

VI.  Arab.  Manger,  stable;  peg  or  rope 
for  tethering  a  horse;  halter. 

VII.  Bantal  susii  ari:  a  square  low  cushion 
with  a  stiff  border.     Also  bantal  suwari. 


^j\    arai.     I.     (Achin.)     A  measure  of  capacity  = 
2  chtipak,  q.  V. 

II.  Arai'jemarai :  (Selangor)  hanging  loose 
=  (Kedah)  jirai-jemarai,  Cf.  berjari-jari, 
urai  and  dirai. 


ARYA 


[    13    ] 


ISTIJABAT 


iSj\ 


iy 


crij* 


arya.  I.  [Skr.  avya.'X  A  title  borne  by 
members  of  the  Kshatriya  princely  or  warrior 
caste  in  ancient  Java. 

I L  A  rya-ningsun :  younger  sister  or  brother ; 
a  common  corruption  of  ariningsun,  q.  v. 
Also  arya-ingsun, 

urita.  [Skr.  vartta.]  Story,  news;  =  warta, 
Maka  urita-nya  baginda  birisUrihan  puUri 
bongsu  kunun:  the  story  runs  that  the  king 
married  the  youngest  princess;  Cr.  Gr.,  56. 

Sriyas,  The  soft  inner  portion  of  the  trunk 
of  a  pisang  tree.    Cf.  arts. 

The  form  riyas  occurs. 
aris.     Arab.     A  peasant ;  a  tiller  of  the  soil, 
firingan.     Light  in  weight ;  =  ringan,  q.  v. 


aiiningsun.    Jav.    Younger  brother  or  sister ; 
V.  ^- 


s; 


J>\ 


azM.     Pers.     Faultless;  healthy;  wiry. 

izS^lat.  Arab.  Conclusion;  making  an  end 
of  something. 

azal.  Arab.  Time  withoiit  beginning;  the 
endless  past;  infinity — with  reference  to 
the  past  rather  than  to  the  future;  Tarn. 
Perm.,  14. 

Daripada  azal  datang  kapada  abad  :  from  the 
endless  past  to  the  endless  future ;  Bust.  Sal. 

azali.  Arab.  The  adjective  of  azal,  q.  v.; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  344. 

azhar.  Arab.  Resplendent.  AUmasjidu  7- 
azhar :  the  shining  mosque — the  name  given 
to  the  great  mosque  at  Cairo  to  which  an 
important  theological  school  or  university  is 
attached. 


a\    as.     Arab.     Myrtle. 


cT 


^    is.     An   exclamation   of  hostility  or  aversion. 
Also  his. 


-\    asa.  I.     [Skr.  dsd.]     Hope. 

Putus  a :    loss  of  hope ;   despair ;    Ht.  Gul.  j 

Bak.,  60,  77,     Hilang  a. :  id.     Putuskan  a, :  to  \ 

destroy  hope ;  to  deprive  a  person  of  hope.  j 

H.     Pokok  asa  :  mint  (the  plant) ;  Kl. 

-^    fisa.     One;    unity— usually   met    with    coUo-  I 

quially  in  the  contracted  form  sa*  | 

K^sa:   (rare)   the  first;    Sh.  Raj.  Haji ;   =  | 

yang  pMama*  i 


Menghakan:  to  unify;  to  make  or  declare 
one.  Srti-nya  tauhid  mSnghakan  Tuhan :  the 
meaning  of  the  word  tauMd  is  to  represent 
God  as  One,  i.e.,  to  declare  that  there  is  no 
God  but  Allah ;  Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  14. 

Mengesakan  Allah  ta'ala:  to  acknowledge 
the  unity  of  God  ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 


usaha.    [Skr. 
usahdf  q.  V. 


titsdha,]     Diligence ;     usually 


\\jLlM^ 


asahan.     I.     Kain     asahan:    a  native   cloth 
fabric. 

H.  A  large  plate  or  dish ;  Kedah  and  Ht. 
Hamza,  51 :  (sigala  asahan  dan  mangkok  ping- 
gan,) 


asta.     Better  hasta^  q.  v. 

asut.     [Arab,  asad :  causing  discord.]     Incite- 
ment ;  egging  on  ;  persuasion  to  evil. 

Asutan:  incitement;  urging  on.  Tambahan 
pula  dingan  asutan  tuwan  puUri  Khati/ah  itu : 
especially  as  the  Princess  Khatifah  was  egging 
him  on  :  Ht.  Koris. 

Mengasut :  to  egg  on ;  to  urge  by  evil  coun- 
sels; Sh,  Ul,  II ;  Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  Abd.,  172. 

Also  hasut. 

ustsldz.     Pers.     Lord,  master. 

astaka.     A    temporary    throne    used    at    a 
coronation,  Cr.,  Pijn. ;  a  portico,  a  porch,  Kl. 

The  word  occurs,  Sej.  MaL,  98,  but  the 
meaning  is  not  clear  from  the  context. 

astana  or  istana.    [Skr.  asihana,  a  residence.] 
A  prince's  residence ;  a  palace. 

Beristana:  to  reside — of  a  prince ;  cf.  bBrsema' 
yam.  Tiyada  patek  bBri  biristana  lain :    I 

will  not  permit  you  to  reside  elsewhere ;  Ht. 
Koris,  42. 

Isi  istana  :  the  inmates  of  a  palace  generally; 
the  women,  children  and  servants,  resident  in 
a  palace. 

2^\^    istibahat.    Arab.     Permission,  license. 

S/cJs  istibr&.  Arab.  Purification,  healing,  affran- 
chisement ;  Majm.  al-Ahk.,  299. 

t  yi  istibrak.  Silk,  satin ;  Ht.  Muhd,  Hanaf.,  63  ; 
Mith,  Sar.,  71. 

Uix^^  istithn§,.  Arab.  Exception,  distinction; 
Majm,  al-Ahk.,  108. 

M^ngistithndkan ;  to  make  an  exception,  to 
distinguish  between  (Majm.  al-Ahk.,  418, 
422) ;  to  treat  with  distinction. 

The  word  isiina  is  a  corruption  of  the  above. 

h\i^  istijftbat.  Arab.  Hearing  of  a  prayer; 
answer  to  prayer. 


istihlAf 


[  14  ] 


ISTIMEWA 


h^ 


istihlaf.     Arab.     Imposition  of  an  oath. 


oj\}i^     istikh&rat.    Arab,     Moral  weakness. 

Simbahyang  i, :  a  prayer  to  be  delivered  from 
besetting  sins. 

^y^     istiMlMf.     Arab.     To  appoint  as  one's  succes- 
sor ;  to  declare  Caliph. 

4>*\/u*\  istirllhat.  Arab.  Repose;  rest;  peace;  tran- 
quillity ;  Ht.  Zaly.,  16. 

t^/Ui\  istSri.  [  Skr.  sM,  ]  Wife ;  the  wife  of  a  man 
of  rank  or  distinction ;  wife  ( in  a  more  res- 
pectful sense  than  bint),  Datang-lah  tuwan  R» 
Ha-Melakasertad^nganisUri-nya:  Mr.  R.  came 
to  Malacca  with  his  lady. 

Ahlt  isieri-nya :  his  connections  by  marriage. 

Biristiri  :  to  be  married- — of  a  man  ;  to  have 
a  wife.  Beranak  beristeri  disana :  to  have 
children  and  wife  there;  to  have  a  family 
there  ;  to  be  settled  in  that  place. 

Biristerikan  :  to  take  to  wife ;  to  be  married 
to — of  a  man. 

Kestriyan  ( ke-isteri-an )  :  appertaining  to 
women,  reserved  for  women,  private;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg. 

MemperkUrikan :  to  arrange  a  man's  mar- 
riage to  any  woman  ;  to  get  a  man  married. 

j5^^CIm»\    istislSjn.     Arab.     Submission  to  Islam ;    the 
^  acceptance  of  the  Muhammadan  religion. 

APVJbXw*!*    istitS,*at.    Arab.    Power;  ability  to  do  a  thing. 

4j  UalA*!^  istitS.lat.  Arab.  To  be  long ;  to  be  tall ; 
superiority,  ascendancy. 

j\2ktJ\  istitlaMr.  Arab.  Declaration;  assurance; 
Majm.  al-Ahk.,  407,  409. 

Sumpah  i, :  an  oath  to  reveal  the  truth ; 
Majm.  al-Ahk.,  392. 

S^W*-\  isti'&dat.  Arab.  Custom;  customary  insti- 
tutions. M^m^rentahkan  isti'ddat  takhta  kera- 
jaan :  to  control  the  customary  observance  of 
the  Court;  Sej.  Mai.,  87. 

Sctmbut  sural  d^ngan  hti'ddat  kerajaan :  to 
receive  a  letter  with  the  honours  due  to  a 
royal  message;  Sej.  MaL,  36;  see  also  Marsd. 
Gr.,  139. 

eiW**.\  isti*adzat.  Arab.  Refuge;  taking  refuge 
in      God     by      pronouncing     the    formula: 


ash'Shaitdni  rajimi. 
0SjcJ\    isti*itrat.     Arab.     Quotation;   metaphor. 


mtn 


J 


\kki*j^A 


j\»iu*»> 


'\^ya»M\ 


isti'Sjiat.     Arab.     Request  for  assistance. 
isti'dSid.     Arab.     Capacity,  fitness,  suitability. 

istil&.  Arab.  Being  at  its  zenith,  or  near  it 
(of  the  sun). 

isti^m§»l.  Arab.  Use,  employment,  service ; 
Majm.  al-Ahk.,  141. 

istighrS^k.     Arab.     Exaggeration. 

istighfilr.     Arab.     Asking  forgiveness. 

Isiighfdru'  llah:  the  deprecation  of  God*s 
wrath ;  **  May  God  forgive  me,"  a  common 
exclamation;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  19;  Ht.  Ism. 
Yat.,  165.  Menguchap  istighfdr :  to  exclaim: 
"  May  God  pardon  me;  "  Sh.  Sh.'Al.,  13. 

istinggar.  [Port,  espingarda,]  A  flint-lock; 
an  early  firearm ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.     The  word 

is  also  written     ^^\ 

istanggi.  [Skf.  astangga,]  Incense.  Also 
setanggiy  which  is  the  more  common  colloquial 
form. 


istifsldlat. 

rumours). 


Arab.        Becoming     known    (of 


istifhgim.  Arab.  Enquiry  (with  a  view  to 
increasing  one's  knowledge) ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
36,  77- 

istikamah.  Arab.  Honesty  of  intention; 
absence  of  prejudice. 

istikrar.  Arab,  Confirmation;  the  condition 
of  being  settled. 

astakona.  [Skr.  ashtakona:  octagonal.] 
Octagonal ;  eight-cornered ;  the  name  given  to 
a  peculiar  polygonal  pattern.  Nasi  berastakona  : 
rice  arranged  in  a  heap  with  a  base  of  this 
pattern — a  dish  much  used  at  festivals; 
Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  11;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.;  Ht.  Raj. 
Don.,  67. 

Bajti    berastakona    melayang :    a    pattern    of 
garment  mentioned  in  the  Ht.  Sh.  Kubad. 

Astakona  is  a  name  also  given  to  an  octago- 
nal diadem  or  tiara. 

Also  pronounced  (Kedah)  istakona. 


5)Lu«\    istilfi,m.     Arab.     Pacification,  peace-making. 


f 


istimewa.  (Arab,  istiwd':  being  equal, 
parallel  ?)  Istimewa  pula :  even  more  so ;  much 
more  so;  especially;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. ;  Ht.Abd., 
105.  *Alim  besar  dalam  behasa  Melayu  istimewa 
dalam  behasa  ^A  rab  :  he  was  very  learned  in 
Malay  and  even  more  so  in  Arabic;  Ht.Abd.,  52. 


ISTINJA' 


[  15  ] 


ISKANDAR 


yji^  istinjd.'.  Arab.  Ablutions  prescribed  by 
Muhammadan  law ;  cleansing  from  defilement ; 
the  washing  of  the  abaimana;  Sh.  UL,  26. 
Membuwang  istinjd'  kechil :  to  perform  the  pre- 
scribed ablutions  after  passing  urine;  Ht. 
Jay.  Asm. 
e^XyJ\    Sstu.     See   setu. 

\y:iJ\    istiwa'.     Arab.       Being     parallel.      KhatUiH- 


I^«mM 


istiwd':  the  Equator. 


iSjy^    istori.     See  sctori, 

^jy^J^^^    istihlal.     Arab.     The   beginning   of  light  (as 
after  the  new  moon);  the  exordium  of  a  speech. 

^ycJ\  astina.  (Skr.  An  abbreviation  of  Hastina- 
pura.)  Hastinapura;  the  name  of  an  ancient 
Indian  State  celebrated  in  the  Mahabharata. 

^ycJS  istiixa.  A  colloquial  corruption  of  the  Arabic 
istithnd,  q.  v.;  exception,  drawing  a  dis- 
tinction. 

iW^    ishak.     Arab.     Isaac;    a   proper   name   often 
met  with,   and   usually  pronounced /sa/tfl^ft  or 
abbreviated  to  Sahdk, 
Nabi    Allah   Ishdk:   the    Isaac    of  the    Old 
Testament;   Ht.*  Hamza,  20. 

Ju^\  asad.  Arab.  A  lion— but  sometimes  used  by 
Malays  in  the  sense  of  tiger.  Asad  pahalawan: 
(Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  3.)  the  lion  champion— a 
name  applied  to  Ali,  the  son-in-law  of  Muham- 
mad. Asad  erti-nya  harimau:  an  asad  by 
which  is  meant  a  tiger;  Hay.  Haiw. 

A^\    israr.     Arab.     To  hide. 

;\     \    israf.     Arab.     To  squander. 

^,  \  asrafil.  Arab.  The  name  of  the  greatest 
"^  -^  of  the  Archangels.  Mala'ikat  yang  memegang 
urat  burnt  Asrafil  nama-nya:  the  angel  who 
guards  the  sinews  of  the  earth,  Asrafil  by 
name;  Ht.  Muhd.  Hanaf.,  46.  Asrafil  is 
represented  as  the  angel  whose  duty  it  will  be 
to  blow  the  Last  Trump  on  the  Day  of 
Judgment;  Ht.  Raj.  Kh.,  6;  Mith.  Sar.,  39. 
In  the  Bustanu's-salatin  he  is  represented  as 
having  been  created  before  the  other  archan- 
gels (Gabriel,  Michael  and  Azrael)  though  not 
before  Light  or  the  Heavens. 


^\ 


iyj^jj\    asrafln.     Arab.    Seraphim. 


,\  istambAl.  [Arab,  and  Turkish ;  a  corruption 
of  the  Greek  eis  tin  polin ;  modern  Greek :  'stim- 
boli,]  Istambul,  Constantinople;  Ht.  Nap.,  23. 


JUm\ 


asing.       Separate      character    or  existence ; 

severance  ;     other;    other     than;  distinct; 

foreign.      Orang    asing:     another  person;  a 
different  person  altogether. 


Asingkan  and  mengasingkan :  to  discriminate 
between ;  to  treat  as  different ;  to  separate  a 
person  or  thing  from  others  and  so  create  a 
distinction.  Di-asinghan  diya  di-suroh  tinggal 
di'Bandar  Hilir :  they  separated  him  from  the 
others  and  ordered  him  to  live  at  Bandar 
Hilir;  Ht.  Abd.,  105.  Tiyada-lah  di-asingkan- 
nya  orang  kaya  dan  orang  miskin :  he  made  no 
distinction  between  rich  and  poor;  Ht.  Abd., 
290.     Cf.  masing. 

i^\    dsang.     (Onom.)  Mengesang:  to  blow  the  nose 
^       (in  the  native  way);   Kl.    Also  (Kedah)  sing, 
(Riau-Johor)  se^  and  ngeh. 

In  Brunai  esang  means  the  gills  of  a  fish;= 
isang  or  ingsang. 


>.\ 


asfaL  Arab.  Low,  abject,  inferior.  Asfalu's- 
sdfilin:  **  the  lowest  of  the  low,  "  a  name  given 
to  the  inmates  of  the  lowest  hell  and  some- 
times to  that  hell  itself;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  2. 


kJ\  asap.  Smoke;  vapour;  steam.  Asap  api: 
smoke.  A .  kemennyen :  incense ;  the  fumes  of 
incense.  Kapal  a, :  a  steam-boat;  =  kapal  api, 
which  is  the  more  common  form.  Kereia  ^.=: 
keretaapi:    a  steam  locomotive. 

Asapi:  to  burn  anything  for  the  sake  of  the 
smoke;  to  burn  (incense);  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  44,54. 

Asapkan:   to  fumigate;  Muj.,  20. 

Berasap :  to  be  smoking — as  embers ;  to  be 
covered  with  vapour — as  a  mountain  summit; 
Sej.  Mai.,  25.  Bintang  berasap:  a  comet;  also 
bintang  berekor, 

Perasap  dSiA  perasapan :  a  censer;  Cr.  Gr.,  43; 
J.  I.  A.,  Vol.  I.,  321. 

V>\jtw-\    ispanyol.     [Spanish:  EspaUoL]   Spanish. 

-  \  asak.  Insertion  by  pressure;  pressing  in — as 
additional  articles  are  pressed  into  a  box  when 
packing;  stamped  down  upon;  anything  so 
inserted.  Tanah  di-asak:  earth  pressed  upon 
any  surface  to  fill  up  interstices;  Ht.  Abd.,  64; 
Pel.  Abd.,  85;  Ht.  'AL,  31. 
Also  esak;  cf.  desak, 

L^\  asek.  Unregulated  and  inconstant  behaviour, 
unmethodical  manner  of  life — such  as  that  of 
a  man  who  has  no  interests  beyond  the  pre- 
sent, and  who  acts  as  the  humour  takes  him. 

r^\  asok.  (Kedah.)  Masked  dancers;  the  dancers 
better  known  by  their  Javanese  name  topeng, 

sJj^\    iskandar.      [Pers.    and    Arab.]     Alexander. 
^  Iskandar  dzu'l'karnain:  Alexander  the  Great. 

Hikdyat  Iskandar  dzuH-karnain:  the  story  of 
Alexander  the  Great  (literally  the  two-horned); 
an  ancient  Malay  work  containing  the  legends 
connected  with  the  name  of  Alexander  the 
Great.  Alexander  the  Greatis  believed  to  have 
been  the  ancestor  of  the  royal  line  of  Sang 
Seperba;  see  the  first  chapter  of  the  Sejarah 
Melayu. 


ISKANDAKIYYAH 


[    i6    ] 


ASAH 


4i  )J^;5w»\    iskandariyyah.  [Pers.  and  Arab.]  Alexandria ; 
'-^  Ht.  Best.,  3. 

4^w<\    iskolah.     [Port,  escola.]     School. 

A)^\    isl&m.     Arab.     Submission    to    the    will    of 
»  God ;  recognition  of  God ;  belief  in  God ;  the 

world  of  believers.  Maka  kata  Indera  J  ay  a: 
hamba  bertanya  pula  apa  erti-nya  isldm? 
Maka  sahut  maWihat  itu  ya-itu  mHjunjong 
s^gala  Utah  Allah  subhdna-hu  wa4a*ala:  then 
said  Indra  Jaya:  "I  would  further  enquire 
the  meaning  of  the  word  Islam.**  The  angel 
replied:  '*It  is  obedience  to  all  the  decrees  of 
God,  (praise  be  to  Him),  the  Most  High*'; 
Ht.  Sh.  Hard. 

Igama  isldm:  Muhammadanism.  Jin  isldm: 
spirits  who  admit  the  law  of  God,  as  distinct 
from  evil  spirits  in  open  revolt  against  the 
Deity.     Hukum  isldm :   Muhammadan  law. 

Isldmkan  (Sej.  Mai.,  67)  and  mengisldmkan 
(Ht,  Jaya  Lengg.;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah,):  to 
bring  into  submission  to  God ;  to  convert  to 
Muhammadanism. 

^jL*»\    islijtni.     Arab.     Faithful;  orthodox;  Muham- 
madan ;  Sh.  I.  M,  P.,  18. 

-^\    asam.     Acidity ;    sourness ;    a   generic  name 
I  given  to  a  number  of  acid  fruits  or  prepara- 

tions. 
A.  akar :  a  plant,  roureafulgens, 
A ,  gelugor :    an   orange   acid  fruit,  garcinia 
atroviridis. 
A*  jawa  :  the  tamarind,  tamarindus  indicus. 

A,  jawa  antan  :  a  common  tree,  pithecolobium 
contortum. 

A ,  kelubi :  a  thorny  palm  with  a  very  acid 
fruit,  zalacca  conferta.     Also  called  a,  paya. 

A .  lokan  puteh  :  an  epiphytic  plant,  medinilla 
hasseltii. 
A .  paya :  =  a.  kBlubi. 

A .  susor :  a  herbaceous  hibiscus,  hibiscus  sural- 
tensis, 

A.  tebing  darat:  a  common  cHmbing  aroid, 
anadendron  montanum. 

A  •  Ubing  paya  :  a  climbing  aroid,  raphido- 
phora  lobbii. 

A .  tikus :  a  small  terrestrial  aroid,  chamcB- 
cladon  griffithii. 

Akar  asam  riyang :  a  common  wild  vine, 
cissus  hastatus, 

Pekasam :  a  preserve  of  fish. 

Masam:  sour — especially  when  referring  to 
sourness  of  look. 

Laksana  asam  dengan  garam  :  like  acids  and 
salt ;  an  appropriate  combination  ;  e.g. : — 

Berkuda  lagi  berlembu 

Orang  belayar  takut  karam  ; 

Orang  muda  beharu  bertemu, 
Laksana  asam  dingan  garam : 


r' 


when  young  people  ( of  opposite  sexes)  meet, 
it  is  like  acidity  mixing  with  salt  (they 
become  friendly  at  once) ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

ism.     Arab.     Name. 

Bismi'llahi :  in  the  name  of  God.  Bismi'llahi 
'r-rahmdni  'r-rahtmi :  a  common  exordium  for 
books,  '*  in  the  name  of  God,  the  merciful,  the 
compassionate.** 


J 


\^\  asmS.'.  [Arab.  The  plural  of  ism.]  Names — 
with  special  reference  to  the  names  by  which 
Allah  is  glorified;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  Muj,,  71. 

,\^\  asmara.  I.  [Skr.  smara.]  Love ;  the  passion 
of  one  sex  for  another;  the  God  of  Love, 
Kama.  Badan-nya  kurus  rupa  asmara:  his 
frame  was  slender  like  that  of  Love ;  Sh. 
Laili  Mejn.,  32.  Edan  asmara :  madly  in  love, 
Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  4;  =  edan  kesmaran, 
which  is  grammatically  more  correct. 

Asmara  is  also  used  in  the  sense  of  sexual 
intercourse;  e.g.,  orang  yang  asmara  di-dalam 
peraduwan  ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jay. 

Kesmaran  :  being  in  love  ;  the  Javanese  form 
of  ke-asmara-an.  Edan  kesmaran :  madly  in 
love, — in  Javanese- Malay  romances;  =  gila 
berahi  in  pure  Malay  romances,  Mabok  kes- 
maran :  id.,  Sh.  Sh.*Al.  14. 

II.  [Skr.  sumridanta?]  Gigi  asmara  danta  : 
fair  white  teeth  ;  Ht.  Mas.  Edan. 


Cr- 


A   asin 


Saltness. 
Masin :  salt.     Ayer  masin :    salt  as  opposed 
to  fresh  water. 
Cf.   tasek  and  terasi. 

jAxJ\    asnM.     Arab.     Props;  supports;  authorities 
in  support  of  a  contention. 


O^-WM* 


,\    isn^n.     Better  ithnain, 


q,  V. 


\    asu.     Gigi  asu :    the  canine  teeth ;    also  gigi 
^       siyong  and  gigi  anjing. 

Asu  is  a  common  Indonesian  word  for  dog 
and  is  so  understood  in  some  Malay  dialects 
such  as  that  of  Sarawak,  but  not  in  those  of 
the  Peninsula. 

A^^  asah.  Grinding  down,  sharpening  or  whetting, 
Berasah  gigi :  with  teeth  filed. 

A .  repang :  of  teeth,  to  be  filed  down  to  the 
level  of  the  gum. 

A .  papan :  of  teeth,  to  be  filed  to  a  common 
level. 

A .  sayap  kumbang :  of  teeth,  to  be  filed  across 
the  centre  in  front,  so  as  to  give  them  a  con- 
cave appearance,  and  to  be  then  stained  black. 

Batu  a. :  a  whetstone  ;  also  batu  pBngasah. 

Asahkan:  to  whet;  to  grind  down  medi- 
cines ;  (in  a  few  cases)  to  polish. 

II.  Kain  asahan :  a  kind  of  native  cambric; 
see  asahan  I. 

III.  Pinggan  asahan :  a  large  platter;  see 
asahan  II. 


ASOH 


[    17    ] 


ASAM 


-U.^ 


w«\ 


"J 


J 


asoh.     I.     Nursing;  attendance  on  a  child  or 
young  girl. 

Mengasoh :  to  nurse. 

Pengasoh:  a  nurse;  an  attendant.  Inangp,: 
a  lady  in  waiting  on  a  princess.  Pmghulu  p, : 
a  duenna ;  a  nurse ;  the  principal  lady  in 
waiting ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Maka  muntBri  hulu- 
balang  yang  ada  beranak  laki-laki  dan  perempu- 
wan  keseniuwa-nya  di-bawa  persembahkan  anak- 
nya  itu  kapada  baginda  akan  jadi  pengasoh  Pu- 
tira  Jaya  Pati :  all  the  civil  and  military 
officers  who  had  sons  and  daughters  entrusted 
them  to  the  king  to  serve  as  attendants  on  the 
prince  Jaya  Pati ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

Di-asoh  shetan,  or  di-asoh  hantu  :  spirit  posses- 
sion, causing  a  person  to  be  unconscious  of 
his  surroundings  but  not  otherwise  harming 
him :  cf.  rasok. 


II.     Asoh-asoh:    an 
lethrinus  nebulosus. 


edible    saltwater    fish ; 


t 


USaha.  [  Skr.  titsdha.]  Diligence  ;  persever- 
ance ;  assiduity.  Belajar  dengan  usaha : 
diligent  study. 

Usahakan  and  mengusahakan :  to  do  (anything) 
diligently.  Usahakan  dirt :  to  diligently  apply 
oneself  to  anything ;  to  set  oneself  to  anything. 


Beriisaha : 
and  \^y  . 


industrious;    diligent.     Also  o\^\ 


^\    asai.     A  fruit  weevil ;  =  kasai,  q.  v. 

\^\  usiya.  [Skr.  dyusha,]  The  period  of  life; 
the  period  through  which  one  has  lived ;  the 
age  of  a  man.  Lima  betas  tahun  usiya-nya:  he 
was  fifteen  years  of  age. 

"  Xi\    isMrat.    Arab.     Sign,  signal. 

Ishdratkan  and  memberi  ishdrat :  to  signal ;  to 
make  a  sign.  Di-ishdratkan-nya  kapada  kuching 
itu :  she  made  a  sign  to  the  cat ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
19;  cf.  also  Sej.  Mai.,  8;  Ht.  Abd.,  253. 

l\ixi.\    ishtighgtl.     Arab.     Occupation,  employment, 
work. 


jji^\ 


ishr&k.     Arab.     The  rising  of  the  sun. 

ishrak.  Arab.  To  take  as  a  partner  in 
business;  Majm.  al-Ahk.,  31, 

isha'dir.  Arab.  The  marks  of  a  sacrificial 
animal ;  to  inform,  announce. 

ishm§.m.     Arab.     Whispering. 

ishahadd.  Arab.  To  pronounce^the  Muham- 
madan  confession  of  faith,  the  shahadat; 
Arabian  Nights,  383. 


\    asah.     Arab.     Genuine,  legitimate. 


>\ 


^\ 


r' 


asfar.      Arab.      Yellow,    cream-coloured ; 
term    applied    by    Arabs   to    the    colour 


a 
of 


Europeans. 

In  the  Ht.  Isk.  Dz.,  the  word  occurs  in  the 
sense  of  '*  black ;  "  duwa  ratus  orang  zanggi 
asfar  yang  hitam:  two  hundred  black 
Ethiopians.  Kuda  zanggi  asfar:  a  black 
African  horse;  Ht.  Raj.  Bdk.,  31. 

asal.  [Arab.  asL]  Root ;  origin ;  material ; 
ancestry;  the  very  beginning  of  anything. 
The  word  is  also  sometimes  used  in  the  sense 
of  a  proviso  upon  which  a  statement  depends. 
Asal-nya  iya  orang  Kedah  :  he  is  a  Kedah  man 
by  descent.  Ada-ptm  gereja  itu  asal-nya  gereja 
Perttigis  :  the  church  in  question  was  originally 
a  Portuguese  church.  S^rti-nya  perkataan  dan 
asal-nya :  the  meaning  of  words  and  their 
derivations. 

Asal  kapas  menjadi  benang ; 

Asal  benang  menjadi  kain: 
Stidah  lepas  jangan  di-kenang, 

Siidah  menjadi  orang  lain : 

originally  cotton,  it  is  turned  into  thread; 
originally  thread,  it  is  turned  into  cloth :  your 
lover  has  left  you  ; — do  not  regret  him,  he  is 
no  longer  the  man  that  you  loved  (literally, 
he  is  changed  into  a  different  person ) ;  Prov. 

Raja  berasal :  a  sovereign  by  birth  ;  a  prince 
by  descent — in  contradistinction  to  one  by 
creation  or  conquest.  Hilang  asal  dengan 
muliya:  the  loss  of  ancestral  dignity  and 
eminence;  Ht.  Raj.  Haji,  182. 

Asal  ustll:  the  beginning  of  anything;  its 
history.  Asal  usul  Penghtdu  Naning:  the 
history  of  the  chiefs  of  Naning. 

Asal  is  also  used  in  the  sense:  "if,"  "provided 
that."  Asal  nyawa-nya  terlepas :  provided  his 
life  is  spared.  Jikalau  hina  dan  bodoh  sakalipun 
ctsal  ada  berherta  neschaya  ini-lah  pandai  dan  ter- 
niidiya :  be  he  mean  and  dull,  he  will  be  called 
learned  and  eminent  provided  he  has  money. 
Biyar  lambat  asal  selamat :  be  slow  if  you  will, 
provided  you  arrive  safely;— t.  ^.,  slow  and 
sure;  Prov. 

Anak  berok  di4epi  pantai 

Masok  ka-bendang  makan  padi; 

Biyar  bur  ok  kain  di-pakai, 
Asal  pandai  mengambil  hati: 

let  him  wear  worn  clothes,  if  he  will,  provided 
he  has  skill  in  winning  affection.  Us4l  menun- 
jok'kan  asal:  manners  show  descent;  v.  us4L 

Asalkan:  provided  that. 

asali.     [Arab,    aslt,]    Well   born;  =  berasal, 

Rajaasali:  a  prince  by  birth;  Sh,  Bid.,  17; 
Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  24;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  82. 

asam.     Arab.     Deaf. 


USt^L 


[    i8    ] 


ANG 


J^^ 


w^\^\ 


UsM.  [Arab.  Plural  of  J^^ ,  q.  v.]  Begin- 
nings ;  origin ;  the  early  causes  which  ulti- 
mately led  to  anything,  Usui  is  also  used  to 
describe  a  man's  air,  manner  or  behaviour. 

Asal  usul :   early  history;    ancestry;   origin. 

A  sal  usMPenghulu  Naning :  the  early  history 
of  the  chiefs  of  Naning. 

Usui  jijak :  a  man's  gait  or  manner  of  bear- 
ing himself  as  he  walks.  Usui  sifat :  a  man's 
look.  Us4l  menunjokkan  asal :  a  man's  ap- 
pearance betrays  his  origin ;  manners  show 
the  man  ;  Prov.  Pakaiyan-nya  saperti  darwhh 
akan  tetapi  usM-nya  itu  haniba  lihai  saperti 
orang  besar-besar :  he  is  dressed  as  a  beggar, 
but  his  manners  resemble  those  of  a  dis- 
tinguished man ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak. 

asil.  Arab.  Rooted,  of  noble  birth,  of  noble 
race  (as  a  horse). 

idl^fat.     Arab.     To  join,  add,  connect. 

idlbS«t.  Arab.  The  vowelling  of  a  word,  the 
adding  of  vowel  points. 

idlr&b.     Arab.     To  recant,  revoke. 
idlld.1.     Arab.     To  seduce  ;  to  lead  astray. 


S)a^    idltirHr.     Arab.     Compulsion. 


Iui^\    atbslk.  Arab.    Caskets;  the  plural  of  jjJ^*,  q.  v. 

r\Jb\    itbslk.     Arab.     To  cover. 
J  *  •       • 

ij^    itlS^k.       Arab.       Generalization;      being    fre- 
quently  accepted;  Majm.  al-Ahk.,  33. 
Mengitlakkan :  to  generalize ;  Majm.  al-Ahk., 
34,  114,  415. 


atlas.     Arab.      Satin ;     Ht.     Abd.,    85,    354. 
Usually  kain  entelas. 


.\fli5)\    itlhSJ!'.     Arab.     To  reveal 


itahnr.     Arab.     Purification. 


J 


\js\ 


i'tib&r.     Arab.  To  take  as  model  or  pattern ; 

iHibdrkan:  id. ;  Majm.  al-Ahk.,  17. 

i'tbS»r.     Arab.  Reflexion,  consideration. 

i'tidal.    Arab.  In  proportion,  proportionately. 

i'tizdl.     Arab.  Abdication  from  the  throne. 


>\i:sA    i'tik&d.      Arab.       Confidence,     trust,     faith. 
BhdHihddkan:     to   propose   to   do;    Arabian 
Nights,  306. 
rtikddkan:  to  will ;  Muj.,  64. 

i'tik^f.     Arab.     To  proceed  to   do   carefully 
and  with  constant  application. 

i'timM.     Arab.     To  trust  in ;  to  rely  upon. 

i'tiy&d.     Arab.     Custom. 

a'dad.     Arab.      Numbers,    enumeration ;    the 
plural  of  ^At-. 

i'dad.     Arab.     Included  in  (a  number). 

i'dzar.     Arab.     Circumcision, 

i'rab.     Arab.    To  speak  (Arabic)  idiomatically. 

a'raf.     Arab.     The  Muhammadan  purgatory. 

i*S&r.     Arab.     To  dun  for  payment. 

JaS^\    a'tlam.      Arab.       Great,     strong,     powerful, 
r  mighty. 

_i\ip\    i'fj^f.      Arab.      To   abstain   from    unchastity; 
Majm.  al-Ahk.,  258. 

^jy^\    alan.     Arab.     Advertisement ;  to  give  notice. 


a'lam.     Arab.     Knowing  more. 

Wa-'llahu'-Ham :  God  knoweth  more ;  God 
knows  best ;  a  common  termination  to  Malay 
speculative  passages. 


<uiJC-\ 


ala.     Arab.     Higher,  nobler. 

a'am.     Arab.     Universal ;  general. 

a'ftdzu.  Arab.  I  take  my  refuge.  Nd^- 
Mzu :  we  take  our  refuge.  NdHMzu  biHlahi : 
we  take  our  refuge  in  God. 

a'Ar.     Arab.     One-eyed. 

ighSithat.     Arab.     Help,  assistance,  aid. 

ighashiyyat.     Arab.     Covering. 

aghlM.  Arab.  The  uncircumcised;  plur,  of 
-Jc.  ,    [Mai.  hulup] . 


ang.     I.     A   titular  prefix    to  the   names  of 
men ;  better  hang,  q.  v. 

II.     (Menangkabau.)     You,  thou;  =  (Riau, 
Johor)  engkau  and  ( Kedah )  hang. 


ING 


[    19    ] 


ANGKASA 


t 


y\  ing.  Jav.  A  prefix  having  the  sense  of  ''  of," 
or  '*for. "  Radin  galoh  ing  Bali :  the  princess 
of  BaH  ;  Ht.  Sh. 

Putera  ing  Kuripan :  the  prince  of  Kuripan  ; 
Ht.  Perb.  Jay, 

When  the  preceding  word  ends  with 
a  vowel,  ing  is  changed  into  ning ;  but  this 
rule  would  not  be  strictly  adhered  to  by 
Malays  ignorant  of  Javanese. 

ong.  The  Sanskrit  and  Buddhist  Om,  a  word 
of  mysterious  import  sometimes  used  by  Malay 
pawangs  in  their  incantations ;  v.  hong,  which 
is  the  more  usual  form. 

angat.     Hot.     Better  hangat,  q.  v. 
angit.     Better  hangit,  q.  v, 

Sngut.  Mouthing  one's  words ;  indistinct, 
though  loud,  speech. 

Also  nguUngut;  cf.  sungut. 

^^-^^  angut.  Day  dreaming — as  a  man  under  the 
influence  of  opium. 

j^'    angor.     Jav.     Better;  rather;  it  were  better 
=  remake     Also  anggor,  q.  v. 

jp\    fingor.    £ngor-engor  :  a  saltwater  fish ;   macro- 
nes  bleekeri. 

03lr^  angrawan,  A  name  given  to  several  trees, 
hopea  mengarawan,  h,  pierrei  and  h,  inter- 
media.    Also  merawan  and  anggerawan, 

fjJ^\  angsa.  [Skr.  hansa,]  A  goose;  Ht.  P.  J.  P., 
Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  10. 

jjmPi  angus.  Burning,  scorching;  better  hangus, 
q.  V. 

^JU^P-^  angsana.  The  name  of  a  tree,  pterocarpus 
indicus ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  ;  Sh.  Sri  Bun.  Also 
sena,  q.  v. 

ij:^^\  engSUt.  Gradual  pushing ;  quietly  thrusting 
off;  gentle  propulsion — such  as  that  given  to 
a  boat  by  a  light  breeze.  Cf.  kesut,  esut  and 
angsur, 

j"*^^    angsar.     Better  angsur,  q.  v. 

j«w«p\  angsur.  Progress  by  short  stages ;  payment 
by  small  instalments ;  mounting  up  a  little 
at  a  time,  as  a  bill ;  Sh.  Peng.,  9.  Cf.  kesut, 
engsut  and  esut, 

k^\    ingsang.     The  gills  of  a  fish ;  =  isang,  q.  v., 
^  and  (Brunai)  esang, 

\j^\  engsel.  [Dutch,  hengseL]  A  hinge.  Also 
ensel. 


{y^^ 


i\ 


L<^\ 


'^\ 


mgsun.  Jav.  I;  the  royal  **we*';  the  pro- 
noun of  the  first  person  when  used  by  a 
prince.  This  word  is  also  found  in  Malay  as 
an  abbreviation  oi  ariningsun,  q.  v.,  and  is  so 
used  as  a  term  of  endearment  without  limita- 
tion to  its  exact  meaning  {i,e,  =  adinda). 
Adohi  anak'hi  ingsun:  oh,  my  child,  my 
darling. 


angsoka.  [Skr.  asdka,]  The  name  of  a  tree ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  37 ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;  Ht.  Sg. 
Ranch.,  8.  the  pavetta  indica  (according  to 
Klinkert)  ;  jonesia  asoka,  Roxb. 


J^'    angek.     (Kedah.)     Ungak-angek :    bobbing  up 
and  down  ;  =  ungkang-ankit. 


^\ 


^\ 


^\ 


J 


Kl\ 


angka.  I.  Skr.  A  numerical  symbol.  Ang- 
ka  duwa  :  the  figure  two  ;  the  symbol  show- 
ing that  a  word  is  repeated. 

II.  Notice,  thought,  imagination,  guessing. 
Tiyada-lah  iya  angka  kaluwar  darah  itu :  she 
did  not  notice  the  bleeding;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 
Cf.  sangka. 


ingka.  (  Onom. ;  Kedah  and  Penang. ) 
Laughter.  Gelak  ingka-ingka  :  id. ;  also  gelak 
kak'kak. 


ongka,  or  ungka.  The  name  of  a  monkey  ; 
the  wah'Wah;  hylobates  concolor.  Ht.  Abd., 
77;    Ht.  P.  J.  P. ;  Sh.    Kumb.  Chumb.,  17. 

angkara.  [  Skr.  ahangkdra,  ]  Violence ; 
brutality;  gross  disrespect;  offences  against 
propriety  or  morals;  attempted  adultery  or 
seduction.  Ada  sa-orang  berbuwat  angkara 
akan  anak  orang  yang  di-dusim :  a  man  has 
made  improper  advances  to  a  girl  on  that 
plantation ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  381.  Orang 
angkara :  a  man  lost  to  sense  of  shame ;  a 
profligate;  Sh.  Peng.,  16.  Gajah  angkara: 
an  elephant  that  has  not  yet  learnt  its  duties ; 
Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  29. 

Hina  angkara :  a  low  scoundrel ;  a 
depreciatory  way  of  describing  oneself;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg. 

A.  Maharaja  tela:  offences  of  disrespect  to 
the  sovereign ;  Newbold,  British  Settlements 
in  Malacca,  Vol.  II.,  p.  148. 

Satwa  a,  :  ~  satwa  anggara;  Ht.  Koris. 


K^\    angkasa.      [Skr.   dkdsa,]      The   atmosphere; 
^  the  regions  of  the  air ;  the  heavens. 

Dewa  a, :  a  deity  of  heaven  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Unggas  a.:   a  bird  of  the  air;   Sh.    Ungg. 
Bers.,  3. 


ANGKAT 


[      20      ] 


UNQKAP 


^\ 


^\ 


cSs^\ 


^\ 


angkat.  Lifting  up  on  high ;  elevation ; 
raising;  bringing  up.  Di-angkat  menjadi 
Sultan:  raised  to  the  dignity  of  Sultan. 
Di-angkaUnya  tangan-nya :  he  lifted  up  his 
hand.  Angkat  kaki :  (vulgar)  to  abscond. 
Anak  angkat:  an  adopted  child. 

Angkat-angkat :  the  carriage,  shape  or  gait 
of  a  person  or  animal ;  cf.  bangun. 

Angkatan :  an  expedition;  the  entire  party 
making  up  an  expedition ;  a  squadron  of 
ships;  a  caravan.  A,  raja  diraja  :  the  hearse 
used  at  the  funeral  of  a  reigning  sovereign. 

Angkatkan :  to  lift  (anything)  up. 

B&r angkat :  to  go  on  a  journey — of  a  prince  ; 
to  be  borne  anywhere;  to  go  (in  the  Court 
language).  Genderang  be r angkat :  the  drum 
beaten  to  announce  a  raja's  departure ;  Ht. 
Isk.  Dz. 

M angkat :  to  die  (of  rajas). 

Mengangkat :  to  bear  aloft ;  to  raise  ;  to  lift. 
Mengangkat  duwa  puloh  kati :  to  lift  twenty 
catties.  M.  sembah :  to  raise  one's  hands  in 
respectful  salutation. 

Pangkat :  rank  ;  dignity. 

Cf.  angkit,  and  angkut. 

angMt.  Raising ;  lifting ;  =  angkat,  but  limited 
to  the  lifting  of  objects  of  light  weight  or  to 
movements  (such  as  raising  the  eyebrows) 
which  are  not  intended  to  be  of  long  duration. 


Belat    angkit-angkit : 
5.  V.  belat. 


chicks;  =  bidai ;    see 


angkut.  Moving,  raising  or  lifting  when  the 
action  is  piecemeal  or  gradual.  Mengangkut 
sarang :  to  build  a  nest  (the  materials  for  which 
are  brought  together  by  degrees).  M.  ayar : 
to  carry  up  water  from  a  well  one  or  two 
bucketfuls  at  a  time.  M.  dagangan :  to  load 
or  unload  cargo. 

Angkut-angkiit :  the  mason  bee. 

Angkut  is  also  used  of  removing  or  pricking 
an  ulcer  or  blister  (  Pijn.,  s.  v.  angkot);  see, 
however,  angkup, 

ungkit.  Coming  back  to  a  position  one  has 
previously  left,  raising  a  question  already 
settled,  applying  for  the  return  of  something 
given  away  {e.g,,  for  the  return  of  a  present), 
bringing  up  old  grievances  again,  harping 
on  an  old  subject. 

Kursi  ungkang-ungkit :  a  rocking  chair. 
Cf.  unggit. 

angkar.    Jav.     Haunted. 

ingkar.     [Arab.^^\.]     Breaking  a   pledge; 

violating  a  promise ;  falsifying  what  one  has 
previously  said ;  Sh.  Ul.,  14.     Cf.  mungkir, 

izngkor.  Berungkor-ungkoran :  retreating  in 
various  directions ;  scattering. 


cjfs\    angkfiroh.      Hastily,    hurriedly;   also  gopoh- 
gapah ;  v.  gopoh^  Kl. 

^j«SsP\    ungkas.     A  bird ;   usually  tmggas,  q.  v. 


^^A^\ 


ongkos.  [Dutch,  onkosten,]  Expenses;  charges; 
outlay — an  expression  used  by  Javanese  in 
the  Straits  in  the  special  sense  of  the  cost 
of  a  passage  to  their  homes. 

angkang.     Raising,  lifting ;  ==  angkat ;  Kl. 

engkang.  Holding  the  feet  wide  apart : 
Kl.  =  kangkang;  q.  v. 

Cf.  also  kengkang. 

ungkang.  Ungkang-ungkit :  see-saw  motion. 
Kursi  ungkang-ungkit :  a  rocking  chair. 

Cf.  chunggang-chunggit ;  ungkit;  etc. 

angkap.    I.    To  alight, — as  a  bird  ;  cf.  hinggap. 

n.  Berangkap-rangkapan :  in  turns,  in  a 
dance ;  v.  anggap, 

angkup.  Forceps ;  pincers ;  nippers ;  the  act 
of  catching  anything  with  a  pair  of  forceps 
or  pincers.  Angkup  besi :  steel  pincers  for 
pulling  out  hair.  M engangkupkan  jari :  to 
nip  with  the  fore-finger  and  thumb.  Terang- 
kup-angkup  :  opening  and  shutting  like  a  pair 
of  pincers ;  opening  and  shutting  the  mouth  ; 
V.  ungkap, 

Cf.  angkut, 

Sngkap.  Sngkap-engkip :  Jifting  and  lower- 
ing, rising  and  falling.  Mngkap-engkip  bagai 
rumput  tengah  jalan  :  up  and  down  like  grass 
in  the  middle  of  the  road  (trodden  under 
foot  and  then  springing  up  again) — of  an 
invalid  who  will  neither  die  nor  get  well; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI.,  20.  Also  (Province 
Wellesley)  ungkok-ungkap  saperti  rumput  tengah 
jalan ;  and  (Kedah)  entak-entek  saperti  sambau 
di'pintu  kandang, 

dxigkip.     See  engkap. 

ungkap.  I.  Gaping,  exposing  a  large  orifice ; 
the  cover  placed  over  a  furnace  to  turn  back 
the  flames  and  increase  the  heat ;  opening 
and  shutting  the  mouth. 

Ungkap'Ungkap  :  the  gasping  or  hard  breath- 
ing of  a  dying  man ;  the  gasping  of  fish  out 
of  water. 

Mengungkap :  to  open  and  shut  the  mouth 
without  utterance;  to  make  unsuccessful 
attempts  to  speak — as  a  man  in  a  state  of 
collapse  in  illness. 

Terungkap'Ungkap :  gasping,  panting. 

n.  (Kedah.)  Ungkok-ungkap  :  up  and  down, 
rising  and  falling ;  =  engkap-engkip. 


iNGKAK 


[      21      ] 


ANGGAR 


c^\ 


f^\ 


gngkak. 
KI. 


I.     A  kind  of  tart  or  sweetmeat; 


II.     A  collar;  C.  and  S. 

IIL  (Kedah.)  Terengkak-engkak :  ridiculous 
familiarities;  foolish  play,  as  when  two 
children  make  faces  at  one  another. 


angkok. 

{kolek)' 


The  figure-head  of  a   native   canoe 


ongkak.  The  name  given  to  two  posts  in  the 
bows  of  a  boat  to  which  the  cable  is  secured. 

ungkil.  The  application  of  slight  leverage  in 
order  to  move  a  heavy  thing  a  little  way; 
cf.  chungkil, 

angkSlong.  Jav.  A  musical  instrument ; 
v.  Cr.  Hist.  Ind.  Arch.,  L,  334. 

6ngkau.  You ;  thou ;  the  pronoun  of  the 
second  person  when  addressing  persons  of 
little  importance.  Berengkan :  to  make  use 
of  the  word  engkati ;  to  speak  as  one  would 
speak  to  inferiors.  Orang  yang  berkhabar 
itupun  bukan-nya  si-engkau  si-aku  (Ht.  Abd., 
433)  •  the  man  who  gave  the  news  was  no 
person  whom  you  could  address  without  cere- 
mony (lit.,  using  words  like  engkau  and  aku). 

The  word  engkau  is  almost  universal  in  the 
above  sense  in  literature,  but  is  rare  in  collo- 
quial language.  The  form  kau  is  in  use  in 
Southern  Malay  States,  the  word  hang  in 
Kedah,  Penang  and  parts  of  Perak,  and  the 
word  ang  among  Menangkabau  Malays. 
Many  paraphrases  are  also  in  use ;  cf.  awak, 
dikaUf  kamUj  kau,  hang,  etc. 

Sngku.  A  Malay  title,  applied  [Riau]  to 
the  children  of  princes  of  the  highest  rank 
(tengku)  by  wives  of  inferior  position ;  the 
second  grade  of  royalty ;  the  title  given  to  a 
raja  di-gelar  or  high  officer  of  State  not  of 
royal  birth  but  of  princely  rank,  and  to  his 
sons. 

In  Kedah  the  title  is  not  used.  In  the  Ht. 
Sri  Rama,  the  title  is  given  to  Laksamana^ 
Rama's  younger  brother,  presumably  by  con- 
fusion between  his  name  and  the  title  to 
which  his  name  is  now  applied. 

angkusa.  [Skr.  angkosa.]  The  **ankus''; 
the  goad  carried  by  the  mahout  on  an 
elephant;  v.  kosa. 


angkoh, 

280. 


Proud;   haughty;    Ht.  Kal.  Dam. 


Sngkah.     I.     Glue,  gum.    Kl. 

11.     £ngkah'^ngkah :  half  ripe;  insufficiently 
done;  KL 


^\ 


J 


^\ 


ungkai.  Mengungkai:  to  unloose;  to  un- 
bind; Kl,,=: (Kedsh)  merungkai. 

angga.  I.  The  tine  of  a  deer.  Merangga 
tandok :  with  branching  horns ;  cf.  also  che- 
ranggah  and  cheragah, 

II.  (Selangor.)    Hope,  expectation,  thought, 
suspicion ;  =  angka,  q.  v. 

III.  An  elephant;  KL 

ingga.  As  far  as,  boundary,  limitation ;  = 
hingga,  q.  v.  Cf.  perenggan  (per-hingga-an) 
and  enggat, 

anggara.  [Skr.  ahangkdra.]  Setuwa  anggara 
or  (etymologically  better)  satwa  anggara: 
"wild  beast,"  a  fabulous  monster  often  men- 
tioned in  romances  as  the  kendaraan  or  steed 
of  a  hero ;  v.  Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.,  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub.,  Ht.  Par.  Ptg.  The  form  satwa 
angkara  also  occurs:  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.,  Ht. 
Koris,  etc. 

Karn  a, :  wild  uproar ; 
angkara. 


^~  haru  angkara; 


V. 


^\ 


anggit.  Fastening ;  joining  together.  Rotan 
penganggit  atap :  a  piece  of  rattan  used  for 
joining  ataps  together.  Rotan  anggit :  the 
rattan  binding  outside  the  drum —  in  contra- 
distinction to  the  rattan  ring  (rotan  sedak 
rebana)  which  is  inside  the  drum. 


,j^^^\  anggut.  Rocking ;  dipping — of  the  bows  of 
a  boat ;  =  anggok,  q.  v.  Also  pronounced 
hinggut  and  enggiit. 


^\ 


-^    finggat.     Limit,  boundary;  as  far  as.     Mnggat 
ini :  as  far  as  this.     Cf.  ingga,  and  hingga. 


^^^^^\    unggat.     Rising    to   a   stiffly   erect   position. 

Terunggat:  stiffly  erect;  also  terchugat  and 
terchegat, 

^^^<^\  unggit.  Unggang-unggit :  Rocking  or  see-saw 
motion  as  that  of  a  rocking  chair  ;  =  ungkang- 
ungkit,  or  chunggang-chunggit ;  cf.  anggut, 
anggok  and  anggoL 

<^\    anggar.     Reckoning,  calculation. 

A.  pelayaran:  the  navigation  of  a  vessel; 
Arabian  Nights,  310.  Patek  nan  sudah  tahu  ang' 
garan :  I  can  make  calculations  :  I  can  mea- 
sure, survey,  or  navigate ;  Sh.  Sh.  AL,  27. 
Membuwat  anggaran :  to  take  one's  bearings, 
to  find  out  one's  position ;  Ht.  Jay.  Asm. 

Anggaran  hurang :  the  stand  quarters  of  a 
bird ;  a  branch  or  twig  on  which  a  bird  is  cal- 
culated to  be  likely  to  set ;  a  good  place  for  a 
snare  or  bird-lime. 


ANQGOR 


[      22      ] 


ANGGOK 


^' 


p\  anggor.  I.  Transplanting.  Di-anjak  layu 
di-anggor  matt :  move  it  and  it  withers, 
transplant  it  and  it  perishes;  a  hopeless  case. 
Prov. 

II.  Pers.  The  vine;  appertaining  to  the 
vine;  grapes  (Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  31);  shot  (of  a 
gun)  in  contradistinction  to  bullets.  Ayer 
buwah  anggor:  wine;  Muj.,  57.  Ayer  a,:  id. ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  304.  Buwah  a, :  grapes.  Pokok  a.  : 
the  vine.  Tarok  a. :  a  vine  shoot ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. 

III.  Better;  rather;  it  were  better ;  = 
remak,  Jikalau  beta  hindak  di-berikan  kapada 
hantu  itu  anggor-lah  beta  mati :  if  it  is  desired 
to  bestow  me  upon  that  evil  spirit,  rather  let 
me  die ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Daripada  sa-laku  sa-dendam  ini 
Anggor 'lah  hilang  sa-kali  kali  : 

rather  than  (linger  on  in)  this  plight  and 
with  these  longings,  it  were  better  to  die  for 
good  and  all;  Ht.  Koris.  Anggor 4ah  bujang 
sampat  ka-mati :  may  I  remain  unmarried  till 
death;  Sh.  Sh.  Al. 


IV.     Menganggor:  to  do  nothing; 
Sh.  Bid.  (Leyden  edition),  333. 


to  loiter ; 


r^P^\    anggSrana.     To  trade ;  =  beniyaga,  Kl. 


inggSris.      English.       Orang    inggeris  < 
English.     Negeri  inggeris  :  England.^ 


the 


anggSrek  or  inggSrek.     A  generic  name  for 

epiphytic  orchids ;  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  2 ;  Sh.  Ch. 
Ber.,  11;  Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  Sh,  Mard. 

A .  beiul :  the  scorpion  flower ;  cymbidium 
bicolor,  Cr. 

A .  laina :  cymbidium  cuspidatum,  Cr. 

A .  merpati :  the  pigeon  orchid ;  dendrobium 
cnmientatum,  Sw. 

viS  Ssp\    angg§rka.     Baju  anggerka :   a  long  overcoat 
or  surtout ;  Ht.  Abd.,  419. 

I  fSs\    unggas.     I.     A  bird   (in   literary   language); 

^^  Sh.  Ch.  Ben,  3,  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  12,  Sh.  Bid.,  2, 

Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  10,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.,  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  34,  62,  117 ;  etc.  Burong  is  the 
word  usually  employed  in  colloquial  language 
with  the  meaning  of  bird  except  in  the 
Menangkabau  States,  where  unggas  is  used 
to  avoid  the  double  meaning  attaching  to  the 
word  burong. 

I  In  the  oldest  MSS.  the  word  inglitir  is  found  as 
an  equivalent  for  England.  The  word  inggeris  occurs  in 
the  Ht.  Koris  in  the  following  context : 

Kama  kuma  chita  kesturi 

Hendak  berjamu  raja  inggeris; 

Sangat-lah  cherdek  rupa-nya  dirt 
Sanda  di-semu  di-tengah  majlis. 

At  the  present  time  inggeris  is  always  used  in  the  sense  of 
"English,"  but  "inggelan''  is  sometimes  heard  in  the 
sense  of  "  England." 


u^\ 


^\ 


J^\ 


(7.  dewata :  the  bird  of  paradise ;  Sh.  B.  A. 
M.,  6,  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  14.  Also  burong 
dewata,  and  manok  dewata. 

II.  (Kedah.)  Running  as  fast  as  one  can; 
bolting;  tearing  away;  cf.  runggas  and  r^ntas. 

The  form  hunggas  also  occurs. 

anggis.     Mengunggis :  to  gnaw ;  to  nibble  at 
anything. 

anggong.     Menganggong :  to  lift  up ;  to  raise 
up;  KL,  P. 


finggang. 

buceros. 


The  hornbill ;  the  rhinoceros  bird. 


E.  papan :  a  species  of  buceros ;  buceros 
rhinoceroides. 

Unggang  lalu  ranting  patah :  the  hornbill  flies 
past  and  the  branch  is  broken ;  Prov.,  J.  S. 
A.  S.,  I.,  88,  describing  a  coincidence  which 
is  set  down  to  design. 

Enggang  apa  kapada  enggang  ?  What  is  one 
hornbill  to  another  ? — a  proverbial  equivalent 
for  orang  apa  kapada  orang :  what  is  one  man 
to  another  ?  What  does  it  matter  what  hap- 
pens to  strangers  ? — See  s.  v.  orang. 

unggang.  Unggang-unggit :  see-saw  motion  ; 
V.  unggit. 

anggap.  A  challenge  at  any  game;  an 
invitation  to  anyone  to  join  in  a  game  or 
take  it  up  in  his  turn ;  the  passing  on  of 
the  duty  of  performing — as  when  a  singer, 
having  finished  his  song,  calls  upon  one 
of  his  audience  to  sing.  Satelah  sudah  anak 
raja  keduwa  menari  maka  lalu  di-anggapkan-nya 
kapada  A  uzerang  Perdana  Johan :  when  the 
two  princes  had  finished  dancing,  they  called 
upon  Auzerang  Perdana  Johan  (to  dance); 
Ht.  Koris. 

Beranggap-anggapan:  by  challenges,  by  turns; 
Arabian  Nights,  346.     See  s.  v.  angkap. 

II.     The  name  of  a  bird  (unidentified). 

anggok  or  (Kedah)  gnggok.  A  nod ;  a  rapid 
inclination  of  the  head  and  neck  without  bow- 
ing the  shoulders.  The  word  is  also  applied 
to  the  movement  of  a  boat's  bows  in  a  heavy 
sea  (Ht.  Jah.,  40),  but  anggol  and  ambol  are 
more  correctly  used  in  this  sense.  Maka  iya- 
pun  mimberi  tabek  kiri  kanan  di-anggok-nya 
kepala  :  he  greeted  them  in  his  turn,  nodding 
his  head  to  the  right  and  to  the  left;  Ht. 
Abd.,  109. 

Anggok  bukan  guling  ya :  a  nod  means  no, 
and  a  turn  of  the  head  means  yes — a  reversal 
of  the  ordinary  meaning  of  these  signs. 
Prov. ;  cf.  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  89. 

Menganggok  :  to  nod ;  Ht.  Sh. 

Teranggok-anggok  :  labouring  heavily, — of 
the  bows  of  a  ship ;  pitching,  in  contra- 
distinction to  rolHng  (lenggang). 

Cf.  angguty  anggol^  ambol,  etc. 


Snggak 


[      23      ] 


ANGAN 


gnggak.  (Kedah.)  A  sort  of  basket  for  hold- 
ing emping  (a  preparation  of  rice) . 

fenggek.  Mengenggek  :  to  part ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk., 
24.     See  engeh. 

Snggok.  (  Kedah. )  Enggok-enggal :  swaying 
heavily ;  v.  anggok,  and  onggok, 

onggok.  I.  The  name  of  an  animal  (un- 
identified). 

II.  Beronggok-onggok :  in  groups;  in  scat- 
tered parties — used  of  a  crowd  divided  over 
an  open  space. 

III.  Onggok-onggal :  swaying  forwards  slight- 
ly to  one  side  and  then  slightly  to  the  other, 
as  the  gait  of  an  old  man  or  of  a  tiger.  Also 
(Kedah)  enggok-enggal ;  cf.  anggok, 

anggal.  Lightly  laden — of  a  ship  with  light 
cargo  or  in  ballast ;  light  in  weight,  light  (of 
sickness). 

A  nggalkan  perahu  or  menganggalkan  perahu  : 
to  lighten  the  cargo  of  a  ship. 

anggol.  Lifting  at  the  bows ;  lifting  up  the 
bowed  head  ;  an  upward  motion  of  the  head ; 
the  raising  of  the  horns  by  a  bull  which  has 
been  standing  with  lowered  head.  Cf.  anggok 
and  amboL 

gnggal.  (  Kedah. )  Enggok-enggal :  swaying, 
rolling  from  side  to  side  ;  v.  enggok  and  anggok, 

Snggil.  Enggil'berenggil :  uneven,  jagged, 
saw-edged,  as  a  piece  of  timber  badly  planed 
or  as  land  covered  with  small  boulders. 
Tulang  rusok  berenggilan :  his  ribs  protruded. 
Cf.  ringgit. 

onggaL  (Riau,  Johor.)  Onggok-onggal :  sway- 
ing; =  (Kedah)  enggok-enggal;  see  last  word. 

unggal.  Sole,  single,  unity  ;  =  tunggal.  Pak 
unggal :  an  only  brother  of  one's  father  or 
mother ;  an  only  uncle. 

inggSlan.  Negeri  Inggelan :  England ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  356.     See  s.  v.  tnggeris, 

anggun.  Fastidious ;  affected  in  one's  man- 
ner or  dress;  dandified;  dudish ;  Ht.  Jah., 
28,  45. 

Kachak  a. :  (Kedah)  id. 

gnggan.  I.  Objection;  dislike;  refusal  of 
permission;  hindrance;  unwillingness.  Sng- 
gan  bercherai  dengan  gusti :  unwillingness  to 
leave   his  lady;   inability  to  withdraw   from 


J^\ 


p.\ 


p\ 


■j>y^\ 


c^^ 


her  side;  Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  92.  Enggan4ah  ini 
memperlanjutkan  kesah  :  I  am  unwilling  to  spin 
out  this  story;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak,,  81.  Hamba 
pun  enggan-lah  serta  anakanda  itu  bcrmain:  I 
am  unwilling  to  play  with  the  princess ;  Ht. 
Hamza,  15. 

11.     Terenggan :  (Kedah)  stopped;  limited; 
from  hingga  ? 

unggun.     Banking  (a  fire) ;  the  material  put 
on  a  fire  to  bank  it;  Ht.  Abd.,  386. 

Unggunan:     soft    wood    or    pith,    or    any 
material  used  in  banking  fires. 


anggau.  Grasping  or  clutching  at  anything 
by  stretching  out  the  hand  and  moving  for- 
ward the  body — in  contradistinction  to  chapai, 
which  is  Hmited  to  grasping  by  arm  extension 
only.     Also  (Kedah)  hanggau. 

inggu.  [Skr,  hinggu,]  Asafcetida;  Muj.,  23. 
Also  inggu,  Ikan  inggu :  a  fish ;  Sh,  Ik, 
Trub.,  19. 

The  name  is  applied  to  at  least  two  species 
of  fish,  pempheris  mangula  and  pomacentrus 
albofaciatus, 

anggota.  [  Skr.  angga-utha  or  anggotha,  ] 
Divisions  of  the  human  body;  members; 
limbs,  Segal  a  anggota  or  sakaliyan  anggota : 
all  the  divisions  of  the  body ;  the  whole  body 
— the  seat  of  sensations  such  as  terror  or 
weariness  which  seem  to  affect  the  whole 
body,  in  contradistinction  to  others,  like  malice 
and  suspicion,  which  influence  thought  alone. 
Cf.  hati, 

J^\    gnggah.     (Batavia.)     No ;  not.     Cf.  enggan, 
j^\    inggih.     Jav.     Yes. 


anggai.     I,     A  sign ;  =  ishdrat,  but  used  in 
high-flown  language  only. 


II.     Interwoven  silk   and   gold   thread;    C, 
and  S. 


anglong.      [Chin,    dngldng,] 
summer-house. 


At\    anglo,      [Chin.  hang4d,]     A  brazier 


A   pavilion ;    a 


angan.  Usually  angan-angan ;  thoughts ; 
ideas ;  the  mind  as  the  seat  of  sensations — 
such  as  hope,  intention,  or  desire.  Tiyada 
lain  yang  di-angan-angan-nya  hanya-lah  paras 
Bahram  itu :  she  thought  of  nothing  (lit.  there 
was  nothing  in  her  thoughts)  but  the  beauty 
of  Bahram ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.  140.  Chita  dan 
angan-angan-ku  sangat-lah  tama*  hendak  menda- 
pat  lebeh  daripada  yang  sa-patut-nya :  =  my 
wishes  and  hopes  were  eagerly  centred  upon 
obtaining  more  than  what  was  fair ;  Ht.  Abd., 
281.  Sitijuga  di-angan-angan  :  you,  my  lady, 
are  always  in  my  thoughts;  Sh.  Kumb. 
Chumb.,  8. 


Angan-angan 
Nights,  453. 


hati :     conscience ;     Arabian 


ANGIN 


[    24    ] 


ap'Al 


^yiA  angin.  Wind ;  breeze ;  current  of  air ;  ( by 
metaphor)  emptiness,  windiness,  nonsense. 
Biftiyup'lah  angin  yang  lemah  Umbut :  a  gentle 
breeze  was  blowing.  Barang  dimana  di4iyup 
angin  di-sana-lah  iya  chondong :  in  whatever 
direction  the  wind  may  be  blowing,  in  that 
direction  will  he  bow;  Ht.  Abd.,  262. 

Ta'sebab  kerana  angin  pokok  kayu  mahu-kah 


if  there  is  no  wind  will  the  trees 
there  is  no  smoke  without  fire : 


bergoyang , 
quiver  ?  — 
Prov. 

A .  angin  :  a  kind  of  Jew's  harp. 

A,  barat :  a  westerly  wind. 

A ,  bidai  :  a  steady  wind. 

A .  darat :  a  breeze  from  the  shore. 

A.  ekor  duyong :  a  variable  wind;  a  wind 
that  seems  to  blow  from  two  quarters. 

A,  gila :  a  very  uncertain  wind. 

A,  gunong-gunongan  :  a  violent  squall. 

A.  haluwan  :  a  head  wind. 

A,  kelambu  menunggul :  a  north  wind. 

A.  kUambu  sa-belah :  a  N.E.  wind, 

A.  kinchang  kelat :  a  good  breeze,  steady 
and  strong.  Also  called  a.  chekang  kelat  and 
a,  tBgang  kelat, 

A .   membakat  or  a.   menebing :   a  gathering 
wind. 
A,  menimba  ruwang :  =  a,  timba  ruwang, 
A, puting  beliyong  :  a  whirlwind. 
A .  sakal :  a  contrary  breeze. 
A.  salah  :  an  unfavourable  wind. 

A .  selembubu  :  an  eddying  wind  which  whirls 
about  the  dust. 

A .  sendalu  :  a  moderate  breeze. 

A,  sorong  buritan :  a  wind  right  abaft. 

A .  temberang  buritan :  a  wind  on  the  quarter. 

A .  temberang  haluwan :  a  wind  before  the 
beam. 

A,  tenggara  mandi:  a  strong  N.E,  wind 
which  blows  spray  about. 

A ,  tihis :  the  change  of  monsoon ;  the 
variable  winds  at  the  change  of  monsoon. 

A .  timba  ruwang :  a  wind  abeam, 

A .  tumbok  kuYong :  a  wind  not  quite  abaft. 

Ambila.:  to  go  for  an  airing  or  constitu- 
tional. 

Chakap  a, :  empty  vapourings ;  nonsense  ; 
mere  talk.     Also  tahi  angin. 

Daun  baleh  a, :  the  name  of  a  plant,  mallotus 
cochinchinensis. 

Di-atas  a. ;  a  geographical  expression  inclu- 
ding all  the  countries  from  which  trading 
ships  were  borne  to  Malaya  in  the  South- West 
monsoon  (i.e.,  from  India,  Arabia,  Africa  and 
the  Persian  Gulf)  in  the  days  when  ships 
sailed  in  one  monsoon  and  returned  with  the 
next. 


Di-bawah  a. :  the  converse  of  di-atas  a. : 
Sumatra,  the  Malay  Peninsula,  the  East 
coast  of  the  Bay  of  Bengal  and  the  countries 
to  the  East  of  Malaya. 

Kayu  kepiyalu  a. :  the  name  of  a  tree  (un- 
identified)- 

Kepala  a. :  a  flighty  person ;  flight iness. 

Kereta  a. :  ( Straits )  a  switchback  railway. 

Makan  a. :  to  catch  the  breeze ;  to  draw 
well — of  a  sail ;  ( Straits  )  to  go  for  a  walk  or 
on  a  pleasure  excursion. 

Mata  a.  :  the  quarter  from  which  the  wind 
is  blowing. 

Menjaring  a.  :  waste  of  time;  ** fishing  and 
catching  wind." 

Perchaya  a. :  vain  expectations  or  hope. 

Penyakit  a.  :  a  generic  name  for  diseases 
which  are  hard  to  diagnose  or  describe. 

Pohon  a.y  pohon  a.  ribut  and  pokok  a. :  a  black 
squall-bearing  cloud  ;  a  storm-cloud;  a  squall. 
Anginkan :  to  air. 

Balai  perangin  or  balai  peranginan :  a 
kiosque;  a  pavilion  in  a  breezy  spot.  Per- 
angin is  also  used  of  a  weather-cock. 

Tempat  perangin  or  peranginan  :  a  verandah 
or  any  place  for  enjoying  fresh  air  (  Ht.  Ism. 
Yat.,  30);  the  organs  of  respiration. 

4p\  Sngah.  I.  (Onom.)  Short  sharp  breathing ; 
panting,  puffing.  Mengengah-engah  or  men- 
gah :  to  pant. 

Also  ngah. 

1 1 .  Intermediate,  half  (in  certain  expressions 
only ) ;  =  ngah,  q.  v. 

4P1  engeh.  (Onom.)  Short  quick  breathing; 
shorter,  quicker  and  less  loud  breathing 
than  that  translated  by  engah ;  the  sound  of  a 
nose  being  blown, 

\x::J>\    iftit^h.     Arab.     To  begin,  to  commence. 


iftir&S.     Arab.     To  expand,  to  spread  (intran- 
sitive.) 

ufti.     [Skr.     utpatti.]      Tribute, — a  common 
mispronunciation  for  upeti,  q.  v. 

afrak.      Arab.      White  (as  the  colour  of  a 
fighting-cock.) 

afsir.      Eur,      Officer,   military  officer ;    Ht. 
Nap.,  24, 

afstin.     Pers.     Sorcery,    witchcraft,   evil   by 
sorcery, 

afdlal.     Arab.     Beautiful.     T^rafdlal:  super- 
latively beautiful;  Ht.  Jah.,  41. 


\l»3\    af'&l-     Arab,      Manners,     ways,     character; 
Ht.  Ism.  Yat,,  66 ;  the  plural  of  J*i  q.  v. 


i\   afik. 


Arab.     Territory,  estate. 


^^Si^\    aflatftn.     Arab.     Plato. 

^^JcS\  effendi.  Turk.  An  honorific  expression  used 
in  addressing  Turkish  gentlemen  of  good 
social  position  but   destitute   of  any   official 


title. 


^Jj^\    afyfiin.     Arab.     Opium ;  v.  ^;j^\ 


^'  apa.  An  idiomatic  word  giving  a  sense  of 
doubt,  indefiniteness  or  interrogation  to  the 
expression  in  which  it  occurs ;  how ;  why ; 
somehow;  whatever;  somewhat.  Diya  orang 
apa?  What  is  he?  What  is  he  a  man  of? 
Apa-apa :  whatever ;  any  ....  what- 
ever ;  anything ;  any.  Jikalau  ada  apa-apa 
gadoh  :  if  there  is  any  disturbance. 

Apa-bila :  when,  whenever. 

Apa-lagi :  how  much  more  ;  what  then  ? 

Apa-lah :  in  some  degree,  small  or  great ; — an 
idiomatic  expression  corresponding  in  some 
respects  to  our  ** please,"  ''as  you  please," 
"if  you  please,"  '*to  any  extent  that  may 
please  you."  Halaukan  apa4ah  anak  bedebah 
ini  daripada  tanah  ayer  beta :  please  drive 
away  this  ill-starred  child  of  mine  from 
my  dominions.  Khabari  apa-lah :  tell  me 
something,  if  possible. 

Apa-tah :  what. 

Barang-apa  :  whatever.  Barang-apa  belanja  : 
whatever  expenses  may  arise. 

Berapa  or  beberapa  :  how  much  ;  how  many ; 
some  quantity  ;  some.  Berapa  orang :  (i) 
how  many  people  ?  (2)  people  in  (indefinite) 
numbers;  a  number  of  people.  Sa-berapa  :  as 
much  as ;   as  many  as. 

Mengapa  :  why ;  wherefore ;  the  reason  why. 
Tiyada  mBngapa  :   no  matter. 

Si-apa  :  who. 

Pengapakan  :  to  make  something  of ;  to  pay 
attention  to. 


f\s\    upama.        [  Skr.   tipdma,]       Example ;     also 
'  umpamaf  q.  v. 


Also  written  \}y 


^U\  upaya.  [  Skr.  updya.]  Means ;  the  means 
by  which  anything  is  done ;  resources  for 
doing  anything;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  80.  Daya 
upaya :  stratagem  or  means ;  means  of  all 
sorts ;  skill  or  resource ;  any  way  whatever 
for  effecting  an  object;  Ht.  Abd.,  5,  219;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  30.  Tiyada  daya  upaya  :  resource- 
less  ;  moneyless ;  helpless. 


V^\    apabila.     When,  whenever  ;   v.  apa  and  bila. 


C-^\  apit.  Pressure  between  two  surfaces;  being 
caught,  wedged,  pressed  or  squeezed  between 
two  separate  objects,  as  a  sheet  of  paper  in  a 
printing  press.  Cf.  sepit  and  kepit,  which 
refer  to  pressure  between  two  connected 
objects,  as  between  the  arm  and  the  side,  or 
as  in  the  hinges  of  a  door. 

Apit-apit :   a  snare  for  mice ;  Ht.  Abd.,  207. 

Apit  lempang :  (i)  the  planks  (one  on  each 
side)  nearest  the  keel  in  a  Malay  boat ;  (2)  a 
trusted  friend  or  supporter. 

Pulut  apit :  (Johor)  a  cake  of  pressed  pulut 
flour. 

Apitan :  a  printing  press ;  Ht.  Abd.,  167, 
168. 

Berapit :  forming  a  press ;  pressed  up  one 
against  another.  Bukit  berapit:  two  con- 
nected hills ;  the  point  of  junction  between 
two  hills  which  serves  as  a  pass  between 
them.  Kajang  berapit :  two  kajang  mats  set 
in  position  next  to  one  another.  Payong 
berapit :  state  umbrellas  borne  along  side  by 
side  so  as  to  form  a  sort  of  double  umbrella ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  93,122.  Bintang  berapit :  double 
stars. 

Mengapit :  to  press  between  two  surfaces  ;  to 
squeeze;  Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  12.  Mengapitkan: 
id. 

Pengapit :  a  supporter  (when  two  supporters 
are  employed,  one  on  each  side  of  the  person 
they  assist) ;  one  of  the  two  supporters  of  a 
bridegroom  (cf.  sir  eh  genggam)  or  bride 
(Ht.  Jay.  Asm.) ;  one  of  the  two  seconds  of  a 
warrior-champion  (  Ht.  Sri  Rama ) ;  a  sugar- 
mill. 

Terapit :  pressed  in  between ;  wedged  in 
between  ;  intercalary. 


^\  upSti.  [  Skr.  utpatti.]  Tribute ;  the  fixed 
^^  contribution  paid  by  a  subject  State  to  the 
ruling  power,  as  distinct  from  mere  ceremonial 
presents  admitting  inferiority  of  power  but  not 
vassalage.  Bahwa  negeri  Makkah  itu  memberi 
upeti  ka-negeri  Yaman  :  Mecca  sent  tribute  to 
Yemen ;  Ht.  Hamza,  25.  Di-pinta-nya  upeti 
negeri :  he  asked  for  tribute ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 
Menerima  upeti :  to  receive  tribute ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.  Mempersembahkan  upeti:  to  pay 
tribute ;  Ht.  Koris. 


\Ji\    upachara.        [  Skr.    upachdra.]       Token    of 
J  t        honour  ;  symbol  of  rank  or  respect.     Pancha 
upachara :    a  golden   sprig  presented   by   the 
bridegroom  to  the  bride ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 


J^aJ^\    upaduta.     Skr.    The  second  member  of  an 
-^  embassy;  a  secretary  of  legation.     Also  paduta 

and  penduta. 


^\    apas.     Handsome  ;  well  or  effectively  dressed  ; 
^■"^       presenting  a  consistently  favourable  appear- 
ance.    Also  hapas. 


APUS 


[    26    ] 


API 


^^j>S\  apus.  I.  Obliteration;  effacement ;  expun- 
ging or  blotting  out.  Jika  banyak  hujan  habis 
a^us  tanaman-nya :  if  there  is  much  rain,  all 
that  he  planted  will  be  washed  away; 
Ht.  Best,,  26. 

A,  luwat:  (Kedah)  the  removal  of  defile- 
ment ;  satisfaction. 

Apuskan  and  mengapuskan  :  to  efface ;  to 
wash  out;  to  wash  away.  Apuskan  apa-lah 
arang  dt-muka  kita  ini :  wash  away  in  some 
measure  the  ignominy  which  has  been  put 
upon  me  (Ht.,  the  soot  on  my  face) ;  Ht.  Hg, 
Tuw.,  51. 

Also  hapus,     Cf.  mampus  ? 

II.     Ayer  apus :  water  beyond  one's  depth. 

ii3\    apong.     Drifting  ;  floating ;  being  borne  along 
^        by    tides,    waves    or    currents;      driftwood; 

flotsam.       Laksana  apong   di~permain    gelom- 

bang  :  like  driftwood,  the  sport  of  the  waves  ; 

a  creature  of  circumstance ;    Prov.  Sh.  Laili 

Mejn.,  18. 

Tanjong  Katong  jatih  ka-laut 
Tampak  dart  Belakang  Mati ; 

Laksana  apong  di-tengah  laut 
Di'puktd  ombak  jatoh  ka-Upi : 

like  driftwood  on  the  sea,  which  the  force  of 
the  waves  drives  ashore ;  a  proverbial  pantun 
with  the  same  meaning.  (A  creature  of 
circumstance.) 

Apong-apong  perahu :  another  name  for  the 
amban,  q.  v. 

Terapong-apong :  drifting  or  floating  about 
(frequentative) ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  g. 

Cf.  atong,  ampong  and  telampong. 
^^    apak.     Jav.     Foul  (of  odour) ;  fetid. 

jj3i  apek.  I.  Neat,  spruce,  smart ;  Cr.,  Kl.,  Pijn. 
The  form  hapek  occurs ;  Ht.  Nakh.  Muda,  36. 
II.  Opak-apek  or  upak-apek  :  backwards  and 
forwards,  in  the  expression  chakap  opak-apek  : 
(Kedah)  tale-bearing,  mischief-making  by 
repeating  to  a  person  uncomplimentary 
remarks  made  about  him  by  another; 
(Selangor)  inconsistent  talk;  the  talk  of 
dotage ;  the  talk  of  a  man  who  is  all  praise 
one  day  and  all  blame  the  next, 

Cf.  dolak'dalek  and  lopak-lapek* 
MUs3\    apakala.     When,  whenever;  v.  apa  and  kala. 

U\  apil.  Apilan:  a  bulwark  or  protection  for 
^  the  gun  detachment  on  a  piratical  Malay 
perahu;  a  moveable  wooden  shield  with  a 
hole  through  the  centre  through  which  the 
muzjzle  of  the  gun  projected.  This  gun-shield 
was  only  put  on  when  the  ship  went  into 
action,  Dingan  tiga  buwak  perahu  menjunjong 
apilan :  with  three  ships  carrying  gun-shields ; 
Ht.  Raj.  Don,,  71.  See  also  Pel.  Abd.,  47. 
Sunting  apilan :  the  name  given  to  two  lelas 
or  light  guns  standing  on  the  gun-shield  of 
a  heavy  gun. 


3\    apam.     Tam.     A  thin  cake  made  of  dough ; 
I         a  ** hopper,"  in  Anglo-Indian  language:  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  36;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  36. 

Penjaja  a. ;  a  cake  hawker ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
123. 

A .  jambul  and  a.  batch  :  varieties  of  this  cake. 

i\    apum.     A  cake  of  dough  somewhat  resembling 
r        an  apam,  but  not  prepared  in  the  same  way. 

Beli  ielor  m^mbuwat  apum 
Champor  dengan  sakar  putts ; 

Khia  terchekek  betul  halkum, 
Kalau  td'-lepas  nyawa  habis : 

buy  eggs  to  make  an  apum  and  mix  them 
with  white  sugar.  Putts  is  only  a  Penang 
(occasional)  pronunciation  of  puteh, 

^\    apai.     I.     A  Malay  curried  dish  ;  KL,  Pijn. 

11.  Tevapai-rapai :  v.  r apai,  and  kapai^  and 
cf.  chapai^  sampai,  ampai,  etc. 

^1  api.  Fire,  a  light.  Membawa  a, :  to  carry  a 
light.  Tampak  api  di-Tanjong  Tuwan :  the 
light  is  seen  on  Cape  Rachado.  Bakar  ta'- 
berapi :  to  burn  without  fire ;  to  feign  love 
with  a  view  to  exciting  it  ;  Prov,  Api  di-dalam 
sekam :  fire  in  chaff;  hidden  fires  working 
though  unseen ;  still  waters  that  run  deep ; 
Prov.  Api  kechil  baik  padam :  put  out  a  fire 
while  it  is  yet  small  (when  big  it  may  master 
you);  nip  dangers  in  the  bud;  Prov.  See  Ht. 
Hamza,  36,  37. 

Api-api:  (i)  a  firefly,  Cr. ;  (2)  a  generic 
name  for  many  trees  such  as  lumnitzera 
coccinea  and  avicennia,  and  for  some  mistle- 
toes, e.g»,  loranthus  and  viscum.  Api-api 
hutan  :  memecylon  cceruleum,  Api-api  j  ant  an  : 
loranthus  ampidlaceus,  Daun  ara  api :  a 
medicinal  plant  (unidentified). 

A  sap  a. :  smoke. 

Bara  a, :  glowing  embers. 

Batu  a. :  a  flint ;  (b}'-  metaphor)  a  mischief- 
maker. 

Benalu  a.;  kemendalu  a.;  mendalu  a,  and 
dedalu  a, :  various  local  names  for  some  para- 
sitic creepers  with  red  flowers,  loranthus 
crassus  and  loranthus  ferrugineus. 

Bunga  a. :  sparks  ;  fireworks, 

Kapal  a, :  a  steamer. 

Kayu  a, :  firewood. 

Kereta  a. ;  a  steam  locomotive;  a  railway  or 
steam  tramway. 

Laut  a. :  the  sea  of  fire  ;  hell. 

Periyok  a, :  a  bomb ;  a  shell. 

Puntong  a. :  the  charred  end  of  a  torch ;  a 
half-burnt  torch  or  piece  of  stick. 

Berapi :  fiery ;  flaming ;  fiery  red.  Gunong 
berapi :  a  volcano.  The  word  merapi,  a 
variant  of  berapi,  is  also  used  in  this  last 
sense.  Marah-nya  berapi-api :  flaming  with 
anger ;  (literally)  in  flaming  wrath. 


APY^N 


[    27    ] 


^J^\    apyun.     [Arab,  afyun,]     Opium. 
Peti  a. :  a  chest  of  opium. 

<a\3i    ikS,mat.     Arab.     The  second  (and   last)  call 
to  prayer. 


yXji\    iktibas.     Arab.    Quotation,  quoting  the  words 
of  others. 


^j^\    akrS,b.     Arab.     Near,  intimate ;  Panch., 


39- 


J\J>\    ikrS.r.       Arab.       Confirmation,      affirmation, 

acknowledgment  of  a  deed,  promise  or 
agreement ;  promise,  confession ;  Arabian 
Nights,  77. 

Ikrdvkan :    to   avow,   to   acknowledge ;    Ht. 
Raj.  SuL,  16. 

The  form  ikrdl  is  occasionally  found ;    Ht. 
Sri  Rama ;    Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  8g. 


\^\    aksara.     [Skr.  aksMra,]     Letter,  alphabetical 
symbol. 

A<a3\    aksa.     Arab.     Far  distant ;  Mahk.  Raj.,  33. 

Masjid  aksa :  the  further  temple,  i.e,^    Jeru- 
salem. 

^^'^\    ikl^b.     Arab.     To  turn  about, 

Jl3\    ikllm.     Arab.     Climate,  region,  zone. 

c.\;3\    ikna'.     Arab.     To  satisfy. 
^\    iknfim.     Arab,     Person  of  the  Holy  Trinity. 

s^   aku.     I,  the  first  person  singular;  see    Xf. 

^    akasa.     [Skr.  dkdsa.]     The  air,  the   atmos- 
^  phere  ;  also  angkasa,  q.  v. 


J^\  akbar.  Arab.  Greatest ;  greater ;  extremely 
great.  Allahu  akbar :  God  is  greatest;  God 
is  most  great. 

-j^    akat.    (Arab,  jop  ,   to    conclude    a    bargain.) 

The  transaction  or  putting  through  of  any 
business.  A  kai  nikdh  :  to  arrange  a  marriage ; 
to  put  through  preliminary  negotiations. 

Akat  barang:  to  deal  in  goods;  to  trade. 


AKMAL 

O^  ^    akit.     Better  j^  ,  q.  v. 

Vw  \    iktifa.     Arab.    To  be  settled,  done  or  satisfied. 

S\  akar.  A  root ;  the  fibres  of  a  root ;  a  generic 
name  for  scandent  or  creeping  plants.  Tiyada 
rotan  akar  pan  berguna  :  if  you  cannot  get  a 
rattan,  any  creeper  will  do;  you  must  put  up 
with  what  you  can  get ;  half  a  loaf  is  better 
than  no  bread ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd,,  378, 

Akal  akar :  the  cunning  of  the  creeper  (which 
adapts  itself  to  circumstances) ;  Prov. 

A .  bahar :  (literally)  the  sea-root ;  the  name 
given  to  a  marine  animal  which  is  dried  and 
used  as  a  talisman. 

A.  bain  :  a  climber,  byttneria  maingayi, 

A ,  china :  limacia  oblonga  and  tceniochlcena 
griffithii. 

A .  chirit  mtirai :  glycosmis  sapindoides. 

A.  nyior :  a  sweetmeat. 

A .  wangi :  the  kiiskus  grass,  andropogon 
mitricaUis, 

Harimau  akar :  the  largest  species  of  wild 
cat  found  in  the  Peninsula. 

Musang  a, :  a  species  of  polecat. 

Berakar :  to  take  root-  Berakar-lah  perka- 
taan  itu  dalam  hati :  those  words  became 
rooted  in  my  mind;  Ht.  Abd.,  84.  Maka 
kenibang  kiimhima  itupun  berakar-lah  di4apak 
tangan  tuwait  piiteri  itu  :  the  crocus  flower  took 
root  in  the  palm  of  the  princess's  hand ;  Ht. 
Jay.  Lengg. 

^y  \    ikram.      Arab.     Honouring ;   respect ;  rever- 
ence. 

fS\    akram.     Arab.     Generous;  large-hearted. 

S\    akas.     L     Full  of  life;    nimbleness;    grace; 
*-^        Sej.  Mai.,  260;  Sh.  Bid.  (Leyden),  413;  Ht. 
Ism.  Yat.,  45. 
Balek  a, :    (Kedah)    to  come   to   life  again. 

See  also  s.  v.  agus, 

n,     [Skr.  dkdsa.]    The  air,  the  atmosphere  : 
Bint.  Tim.,  16  Jan.,  1895. 


c/^ 


'i  akus.  [  Skr.  angkosa,]  The  ''  ankus  "  or  goad 
used  by  a  mahout ;  better  angkusa  and  kosa. 
Also  best  hiwasa. 


^    akek.     [Arab,    j^.]  Agate,  cornelian,  coral. 
Sipiit  a. :  a  shell ;  helix  richmondiana. 

WT    akmal.     Arab.     Most  perfect.      Tuhan    yang 
^       akmal :  God  most  perfect ;  Sh,  Bur.  Pungg.,  9. 


AKAN 


[    28    ] 


SaoNG 


c?^ 


1  akan.  Approach  to ;  motion  towards  ;  to ;  in 
the  direction  of.  Budak  yang  akan  mengaji : 
a  boy  who  is  going  to  begin  to  study.  Stirat 
yang  akan  di-kirimkan :  a  letter  which  is  going 
to  be  sent.  Tanam  lalang  ta'-akan  tumbohpadi : 
if  you  plant  weeds  you  won't  get  padi ;  you 
can't  get  figs  from  thistles ;  Prov. 

A  kandaku :  me ;  to  me.  Akandiya  :  him  ; 
to  him. 

A  kan-akan  :  approach  to  ( especially  in  the 
sense  of  resemblance ) ;  approximate  resem- 
blance. Tahi^at-nya  akan-akan  manusiya:  his 
ways  resembled  those  of  a  man.  Sa-akan  and 
sa-akan-akan :  almost  exactly  like;  close 
resemblance. 

Birakan  :  alike.  Jiwa  keduwa  sudah  berakan : 
the  two  lives  were  as  one  ;  cf.  beragan^  s.  v. 
agan. 

Mingakan:  to  treat  in  the  same  way;  Sej. 
Mai.,  29. 

^'  aku.  The  pronoun  of  the  first  person  in 
familiar  language ;  I;  me;  myself;  acknow- 
ledgment ;  admission ;  recognition  as  one's 
own  ;  taking  the  responsibility  for  anything 
upon  oneself.  Orang  yang  berkhabar  itupun 
bukan-nya  si-engkau  si-aku :  the  man  who 
brought  the  news  was  not  a  person  who  could 
be  treated  with  scant  ceremony  ( i>  e.^  with 
whom  such  expressions  as  ahu  and  Bngkau 
could  be  used) ;  Ht.  Abd.,  433.  Cf,  sehaya, 
hamba,  gowa,  beta,  kita,  kami^  senda,  timan, 
bayu,  dengan  and  dan* 

A  ku  semuwa  or  aku  sakaliyan :  we  all. 

A  kandaku  :  to  me. 

Akuwi  and  mengaku :  to  admit ;  to  acknow- 
ledge ;  to  recognize  or  accept  as  one's  own ; 
to  admit  or  accept  responsibility  for.  Dart- 
pada  hari  ini  hamba  akuwi  anak4ah  akan  orang 
muda :  henceforward  I  accept  (adopt)  this 
young  man  as  my  son.  Di-mana-lah  buleh 
sihaya  dapat  orang  mengaku  :  where  can  I  get 
a  person  to  stand  security  ?  Ht.  Abd.,  244. 
Tiyada  aku  mengaku  akan  diri-ku  pandai :  I  do 
not  pose  as  a  learned  man  ;  I  do  not  admit 
myself  to  be  learned.  Beraku-akuwan  hendak 
menangkap  Jay  a  Asmara  :  all  undertaking  to 
capture  Jaya  Asmara;  Ht,  Jay.  Asm. 


Also  kuy  q.  V. 


i^ 


\    aki.      To' aki :  (Perak)  grandfather;    (Kedah) 
to '  wan. 


JS\    igama   and  Ugama.      [Skr.    dgama.]      The 
r  service  of  God  ;  religion  ;  Masok  igama  Islam  : 

admission    to    the     Muhammadan    religion. 

Guru  dalam  igama  :  a  teacher  of  religion. 

^*5V  ftg^t-  Burong  agut  or  burong  agut-agut  or 
burong  gut-gut:  the  name  of  a  sea-bird 
(unidentified). 


^    agar.     L     [Pers.  and  Hind.]     In  order  that ; 
so  that ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  109. 

Agarjangan:  lest;  Bint.  Tim.,  i6/afi.,  1895. 

II.  A  gar -agar :  a  kind  of  sea- weed  (gracilaria 
lichenoides),  used  for  making  jelly.  The  name 
is  also  given  to  the  jelly  so  made  and  ( im- 
properly) to  another  kind  of  jelly  somewhat 
resembling  it. 

^JS\    agas.     I.     A    sandfly;     Ht.    Gul.    Bak.,    8. 
Di'ketip  agas  :  bitten  by  a  sandfly. 

II.  Tali  agas  :  a  rope  suspended  over  the 
bed  of  a  woman  in  labour ;  after  labour  the 
rope  is  put  to  various  uses. 


III.     Lively,  vivacious;  =  akas,  q.  v. 


J\ 


\    agUS.     I.     Jav.     Fair,  handsome  ;=bagus. 

In  many  cases,  owing  to  the  conditions 
of  Malay  orthography,  it  is  difficult  to  say 
whether  agus  or  agas  III.  is  meant;  see 
Sh.  Sg.  Ranch,,  6  ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  8. 

II.     Eng.     August;  the  month  of  August. 


&\    agong.      Jav.      Great ;      mighty ;     powerful ; 

^  dignified,  stately.  The  word  is  also  used  of 
ladies,  apparently  with  the  mere  meaning  of 
beautiful.  Bukan-nya  orang  negeri  agong 
tiyada-lah  tahu  akan  chara  behasa  *adat  orang 
ccgong-agong :  he  is  not  a  native  of  a  great 
city,  he  does  not  understand  the  ways  and 
manners  of  the  great ;  Ht.  Sh. 

Agong-agongan :  beautiful,  fair ;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah.,  Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Mas.  Ed. 

Agong  'alam  :  a  ruler  of  the  world ;  a  prince 
of  the  earth;  Ht.  Koris. 

A.  negeri:  the  lord  of  the  country;  the 
king. 

Balairong  agong  :  the  great  hall  of  audience ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Delima  yang  agong :  lit.,  the  great  pome- 
granate—a simile  for  a  woman's  breast ;  Sh. 
Peng.,  2. 

Layar  a. :  the  mainsail. 

Membawa  a. :  to  attain  the  full  bloom  of 
beauty — of  a  girl. 

Meriyam  a, :  a  double  cannon ;  guns  mounted 
in  pairs. 

Pasiban  a. :  the  great  gangway  of  a  palace ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Tiyang  a. :  the  mainmast ;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  6. 

Tukang  a, :  the  chief  petty  officer  in  a  native 
perahu;  J.S.A.S.,  III.,  64. 

Tupang  a. :  the  standing  jib. 


io\    Sgong.     (Onom.)     A  gong ;  better  g^ow^,  q.  V. 


AGAK 


[    29    1 


&LAT 


i^ 


agak.  Conjecture  ;  the  making  of  statements 
which  are  intended  to  approximate  to  the 
truth  as  far  as  possible  ;  estimating ;  judging. 
The  word  is  also  applied  to  feints  which  look 
like  blows  but  are  not  really  so. 

Agak-agak  or  agak-nya :  approximately;  so 
far  as  one  can  guess ;  presumably ;  perhaps. 

Penjelemaan  dewa  agak-nya  datang  kamari : 
the  incarnation  of  some  deity  has  presumably 
come  here ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  14. 

Agak  gemngan  :  by  any  chance;  apparently; 
=  agak-agak-nya, 

Menaroh  agak-agak :  to  believe  in  rumours ; 
Arabian  Nights,  121. 

agok.  A  necklet  or  neck  ornament  worn  by 
women  and  children;  Sh.  Bid.,  78,  79;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah.;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  112;  Ht.  Best.,  43. 

agal.  (Kedah.)  The  name  given  to  a  species 
of  tortoise  (unidentified). 

agam.  (Achin. )  Male,  masculine,  manly; 
in  the  Straits  the  word  is  sometimes  used 
with  the  meaning  **  tall. " 

Terlahi  agam  tuboh-nya :  he  was  a  man  of 
very  lofty  stature ;  Ht.  Best.,  33. 

Besar  agam  tinggi  sa-pcnmjong 
Rupa   laksana  sa-macham  patong : 

big,  tall,  some  seven  feet  high,  and  looking 
like  a  carved  image. 

igama  or  ugama.  [Skr.  dgama.]  Religion, 
faith;  v.  X\, 

agan.  Matt  beragan:  death  without  sign  of 
death  ;  death  which  resembles  life.     Cf.  akan, 

A  pa  puieh   di4engah  laut? 

Vbor-ubor  matt   beragan : 

What  is  that  patch  of  white  in  the  sea  ?    It  is  a 

large  jellyfish,  dead,  but  in  appearance  alive. 

Biyar  di-sini  matt  beragan:  here  may  I  lay  me 

down  and  die  (of  grief);    Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  29. 

J^  agah.  Crowing  of  a  baby;  chuckling;  teas- 
ing by  mimicking  sounds  rather  than  actions  ; 
the  chuckling  of  a  child  in  its  sleep  (said  to 
be  due  to  the  influence  of  the  uri  spirits). 

j^  ageh.  A  share  by  calculation  or  agreement ; 
the  arrangement  of  shares ;  the  share  agreed 
to — in  contradistinction  to  the  act  of  sub- 
dividing (behagi)  and  to  the  share  actually 
paid  out  after  allotment  (  untok  ). 

VXT  Ugahari.  Fairness ;  evenness ;  equality ; 
^J^  moderation,  hlso  gahari,  Sahdbat  yang  uga- 
hari :  a  friend  of  rank  the  same  as  your  own  ; 
Sh.  Nas.,  10,  Sh.  I,  M.  P.,  6,  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 
Nuracha  timbangan  biyar4ah  ugahari :  let  your 
balance  be  true,  i.^.,  of  even  weight.  Malik 
ugahari:  the  prince  of  princely  birth;  Sh. 
Sh.  *A1.,  22. 

The  form  ugaharU  occurs;  Bint.  Tim.,  16 
Jan.,  1895. 


J 


al.     Arab.     "The '';  the  definite  article.     Al- 

marhum :  the  late,  the  late  deceased. 

The  alif  is  often  elided  in  pronunciation  by 
coalescence  with  the  final  vowel  of  the 
preceding  word,  while  the  lam  is  often  given 
a  sound  in  harmony  with  the  initial  consonant 
of  the  following  word.  Thus  bustdnu-aU 
kdtibin  would  be  pronounced  bustdnu-Ukatihiny 
and  bustdnu-al'Salatm  becomes  bustdnu-'s-sala- 
tin;  see  notes  on  Arabic  orthography  and 
grammar  in  the  Appendices. 


J 


ala.     Direction ; 


hala. 


q.  v. 


alat.      Arab.      Appurtenances ;    the  plural  of 

alat^  q.  v, 

alamang.     A    kind    of    sword;     also    called 
halamang  and  lamang. 

alaman.     A  lawn  or  open  space  in  front  of  a 
house  or  palace  ;  also  halaman  and  laman, 

ilanun.     The  name  of  a  piratical  people  from 
Mindanao.     Also  lanun. 


o^\    ilfi,h.     Arab.     A  god. 


^: 


^\ 


ilahat.      Arab.      Godhead,     divinity,    divine 
nature. 


J!5viJ\   alabangka.     [Port, 
bar;  Ht.  Abd.,  63. 


alavanca.  ]      A     crow- 


dJ  1    alat.    [  Arab.  ^\  ;  plural  ^\  .]    Instruments  5 

appurtenances.  Alat  keraja-an:  regalia;  the 
appurtenances  of  royalty.  A,  perang  and  a, 
scnjata :  military  equipment. 

A  latan  and  kealatan :  furniture ;  stores. 

Alati:  to  deck;  to  furnish;  to  provide  the 
necessary  stores,  fittings  or  articles  of  adorn- 
ment for  anything. 

Mengalatkan  :  to  fit  out.  Maka  baginda  pun 
mengalatkan  kapal  duwa  btcwah :  the  prince 
fitted  out  two  ships ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

,^\  alit.  Colouring  the  edge  of  anything — used 
especially  of  women  touching  up  the  eyelids 
with  a  black  cosmetic  preparation  (gerang) 
with  a  view  to  giving  greater  lustre  to  the 
white  of  the  eye ;  Sh.  Put,  Ak.,  15  ;  Ht.  Sh. 

Tali  a. :  a  rattan  cord  used  in  pegging  tops, 
one  end  of  this  cord  being  fastened  to  the 
top  w^hich  is  to  be  pegged  at  and  the  other 
end  being  held  under  the  foot  of  the  player. 

^^\  Slat.  (Singapore.)  Alternate,  intervening. 
&lat  sa-pintu  :  a  door  off;  with  one  door  inter- 
vening ;  at  intervals  of  one  intervening  door ; 
every  alternate  door;  =  selang  sa-pintu. 
Usually  lat. 


^LUT 


[    30    ] 


ALANG 


C^  1    Slut.     Penetration.     Tiyada   elut :   it   did   not 
penetrate  (of  a  weapon).     Usually  hit,  q.  v. 


^\ 


;^ 


u^^ 


iltima'.      Arab.      Lightness,     brightness     of 
lightning. 


a)\    alti.     Clever,  smart ;  Sh,  Si.  Lem.,  23. 

y\  alar.  Sprawling  on  the  ground  in  a  careless 
or  disrespectful  way;  KL,  Pijn. 

J\  alir.  Flowing;  a  floating  crocodile-line,  v. 
infra.  MBngalir :  to  flow.  Darah  pun  mengalir 
saperti  ayer  sebak :  blood  flowed  like  an 
inundation, 

Mengalirkan :  to  set  flowing ;  to  set  to  float 
on  the  current.  Kalau  ttiwan  mengalirkan 
kapal  jangan  di-rosakkan  muwatan  sehaya :  if 
you,  sir,  launch  this  vessel  on  the  stream,  do 
not  injure  the  cargo  I  have  put  into  her ;  Sh. 
Peng.,  5. 

Alir  is  also  used  of  a  rattan  line  used  for 
catching  crocodiles.  This  line  is  not  fastened 
to  the  bank,  but  when  the  crocodile  has  taken 
the  bait  the  line  floats,  and  the  fisherman  is 
so  enabled  to  trace  it.  Tali  alir  is  the  line 
itself;  umpan  a.,  the  bait;  and  kail  a,,  the 
hook ;  the  name  alir  describing  the  whole 
apparatus  and  process.  Bnwaya  matt  di-alir : 
a  crocodile  destroyed  in  this  way. 

alor.  I.  (Riau,  Johor,  Malacca.)  The  deep 
channel  of  a  stream ;  the  channel  where  the 
river  is  deepest  and  the  current  swiftest ; 
( Kedah )  a  hollow ;  a  pool  or  backwater 
scooped  out  on  the  bank  of  a  stream,  but  not 
the  main  channel. 

A.  bibir :  the  dimple  between  the  centre  of 
the  upper  lip  and  the  nostril ;  also  lorah  hidong. 

A.Ungkok:  (Riau,  Johor)  the  cavity  at  the 
back  of  the  neck ;  (Kedah)  lobang  tengkoL 

Lomba-lomba  alor :  v.  lomba-lomba, 

II.  Alor-alor  :  a  tree  {sualda  indica,  Pijn.) ; 
a  species  of  fish,  Cr. 

alas.  I.  Foundation;  basis;  framework; 
lining ;  pedestal ;  the  stand,  frame  or 
background  upon  which  anything  is  set. 

A, -alas :  a  bird  (unidentified) ;  J.  I.  A.,  Vol. 
L,  108. 

A,  baju  :  the  lining  of  a  coat. 

A .  chap :  a  present  made  by  a  chief  to  the 
raja  who  brings  his  letter  of  authority; 
C. and  S. 

A,  chawan  :  a  saucer. 

A.  kahi :  a  foot-stool. 

A ,  kata :  a  preface ;  the  premises  or  intro- 
duction to  a  speech. 

A .  muwatan :  the  lowest  tier  of  cargo-boxes. 

A,  pelana  :  the  saddle-cloth. 

A.  perut :  the  first  mouthful  at  a  meal. 

A .  rumah  :  the  foundations  of  a  house. 

A .  surat :  a  present  accompanying  a  letter. 


^\ 


Alaskan  and  mengalas :  to  line;  to  supply  a 
basis  or  foundation  for  anything;  Ht.  Abd., 
283 ;  Sh.  Bid.,  6,  64 ;  Ht.  Bakht.,  48. 

Dulang  a. :  a  wooden  platter  something  like 
a  bread-plate. 

Pengalas :  (occasionally)  an  anvil. 

II.  Jav.  Forest;  jungle;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 
:=zhutan.  Si-cheleng  alas:  a  wild  boar;=si- 
babi  hutan;  Ht.  Sh.  Orang  hiitan  alasan :  a 
wild  man  of  the  jungle ;  Ht.  Sh.  Orang  kidol 
alasan :  a  man  of  the  southern  jungles ;  Ht. 
Perb.  Jay. 

III.  Jav,  Pengalasan :  the  name  given  to 
certain  court  officials.     KL,  Pijn, 

alls.  Jav.  The  eyebrow.  Alis-nya  yang  ba- 
gai  taji  di-bentok  :  her  eyebrow,  which  is  curved 
Hke  the  spur  blade  of  a  fighting  cock;  Ht. 
GuL  Bak.,  122  ;   Ht.  Jay.  Asm. 


^J\    alus.     Delicate,  refined ;  better  halus,  q.  v. 


dlis.     Eng. 


List.     Also  lis. 


alang.     I.     Position  at  right  angles  to  any- 
thing ;  cross ;  across. 

A.  balai :  the  crossbeams  over  a  public 
reception  hall;  Ht.  Koris.  A.  mahaligai : 
id.,  over  a  palace  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  A .  rumah  : 
id.;  over  a  house. 

A .  muka :  a  gangway  or  space  across  the 
ship  in  front  of  the  nakhoda's  cabin  in  a  native 
perahu;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  70. 

Alangan :  a  bank  across  the  mouth  of  a 
river ;  a  river-bar ;  shallows  or  obstructions 
generally  (in  nautical  language) . 

Buntut  a. :  a  kind  of  scimetar  with  a  point 
turning  out  at  right  angles  to  the  blade. 

Mengalang-ngalang  :  to  obstruct ;  to  worry  ; 
to  cross;  to  injure  by  interference;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah. 

Cf.  palang,  malang  and  galang. 

II.  Of  little  extent  or  account;  in  slight 
degree ;  in  small  measure.  Bijaksana-nya 
bukan  alang-alang :  his  wisdom  was  by  no 
means  to  be  despised. 

Alang'kah:  ''is  it  a  small  thing  that'';  '*is 
it  to  a  small  extent  that" — a  semi-sarcastic 
interrogative  which  enhances  the  force  of  a 
statement.  Api  dengan  ayer  alang-kah  beda- 
nya :  between  fire  and  water  is  there  but  little 
difference?  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  87.  Alang-kah 
besar  hati-mu :  are  you  but  slightly  puffed  up 
with  self-importance  ? 

A,kepalang:  an  intensitiye  of  alang  ;= alang- 
alang  :  contemptible  ;  of  little  account. 

Alang-alang  is  also  used  sometimes  idiomat- 
ically in  the  sense  of  '*at  all."  Alang-alang 
berdawat  baik  hitani  sakali :  if  it  is  to  be  inked 
at  all  let  it  be  blacked  thoroughly — if  you  do 
a  thing  at  all,  do  it  well ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Koris. 


ALING 


[    31     ] 


ALIN 


& 


ji\ 


& 


Alang-alang  menyelok  pekasam  biyar  sampai 
ka-pangkal  lengan :  when  you  are  dipping  into 
the  fish-tub,  you  may  as  well  thrust  your  arm 
in  up  to  the  elbow ;  when  you  are  doing  any- 
thing, do  it  thoroughly;  Prov.  J.  S.  A.  S., 
IIL,  41. 

Alang-alangan :  half-heartedness.    Benchipun 
alang-alangan     rupa-nya :     he     seemed    half- 
hearted about  his  hatreds ;  Ht.  Koris. 
Kalau  kaseh  alang-alangan 
Biyar  ta'-usah  sa-kali-kali : 

if  you  are  to  be  half-hearted  in  love,  you  had 
better  not  be  in  love  at  all. 

Bingong  alang  :  thunderstruck  ;  confused. 

Keris  a, :  a  short  straight  dagger. 

III.  A  common  Malay  familiar  appellation 
(tiniang-timangan)  applied  usually  to  the  third 
child  in  a  family. 

Probably  derived  from  IL 

IV.  Alang-alang.  Jav.  Lalang,  grass; 
v.  I  alang, 

V.  (Riau,  Johor)  si-alang  and  (Kedah)  to'- 
alang:  the  names  given  to  large  trees  where 
the  wild  bees  build  their  nests  ;  v.  siyalang  and 
tuwalang, 

aling.  I.  To  narrowly  scan  anything  held 
in  the  hand ;  cf.  tatap. 

II.  Ulang-aling  :  backwards  and  forwards; 
to  and  fro.  Maka  Tim  Omar  pun  pergi-lah 
dengan  sa-btiwah  perahu-nya  idang -aling  :  Tun 
Omar  sailed  backwards  and  forwards  with  his 
one  ship:  Sej.  Mai.,  115. 

Also  pronounced  olang ;  cf.  pnlang  and  paling. 

IIL     Jav.     To  shield,  to  cover. 

along.  Alongan :  a  pool,  a  mere,  a  tank. 
Lain  berangkat  ber-siram  ka-alongan :  then  he 
went  and  bathed  in  the  tank :  Ht.  Sh. 


^\ 


7^»    Slang.     A  generic  name  for  a  number  of  birds 
of  prey ;  see  s.  v.  lang. 

ii\    glong.     A  curve,  an  arc.     Pengelong  :  a  hoop  ; 
CI       cf.  lok,  teloky  gelong,  etc. 


alif.  The  name  of  the  first  letter  of  the  alpha- 
bet. Di'tukar-nya  alif  itu  dengan  fathah :  he 
substituted  the  letter  alif  for  the  vowel  point 
fathah;  Ht.  Abd.,  145.  Alif-bd-td  :  the  ABC; 
the  alphabet. 


v«ji\  alap.  I.  Slow,  quiet,  sedate,  unassuming  in 
manner.  Leniah  lembnt  alap  santtmj  sweet 
and  quiet,  modest  and  unassuming  in  man- 
ner; Ht.  Koris. 

II.  Alap-alap:  (Kedah)  a  green  bird  (species 
unidentified). 

III.  Mengalap:  to  pick  fruit  by  cutting  the 
stalks  with  a  knife  fastened  at  the  end  of  a 
long  pole. 


u-a1^  alpa.  [  Skr.  alpa :  little,  mean.]  Careless- 
ness, negligence,  treating  as  of  little  account. 
Jangan-lah  alpa  kapada  barang  suwatii :  do  not 
be  negligent  in  any  respect ;  do  not  neglect 
anything :   Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Also  lepa, 

alperes.  [  Port,  alferes.  ]  A  petty  officer  ; 
a  constable.  A .  batn  and  a.  jawa  :  names  of 
fish. 

alek.  Olak-alek :  backwards  and  forwards, 
one  way  and  the  other.  Chakap  olak-alek: 
inconsistent  talk ;  self-contradictory  stories. 
Cf.  holak-balek,  idang -aling ^  dolak-dalek,  etc. 

61ok.  The  curves  or  windings  in  the  blades  of 
some  varieties  of  the  keris ;  also  lok,  q.  v.  Cf. 
elong,  teloky  gelong,  etc. 

L>juO\    alkari.       [Port,    lucre.]      Seahng-wax;    also 
called  (Kedah)  malau  gari  ;  v.  embalau. 

Xj\    aleku.     A  pimp;  a  " pinang  muda'' ;  see  Ht. 
^  Kal.  Dam.,  55  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  81. 

i  <!5\    alkonya.    [  Port,  alcimha.  ]     A  surname. 
r-^\    algoja.      [  Port,  algoz.  ]   An  executioner. 

:^\    alilintar.    •  A    thunderbolt;     also    halilintar 
and  halintar,  q.  v. 


J' 


4i\    Allah.     (Arab. :  from -^^j  God;  with  the  article 

J\  prefixed:  **  the  one  true  God.")  The  name 
of  God  ;  Allah.  Bi'smi'llahi :  in  the  name  of 
Allah.  Dengan  takdir  Allah:  by  the  decree  of 
God. 


}' 


alim.     The  name  of  a  medicinal  drug. 


fC  .\i\    almari.      Port.       A  wardrobe ;    a  cupboard  ; 
"■^  Ht.  Abd.,  125,  283. 


lT 


,\i\    alfimas.    [Arab,  a^mis.]     Diamond;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  147. 


*^\    alan.     Alan-alan:     a    jester;    a   buffoon;     a 
clown. 

r}\  alin.  Medicinal  rubbing;  rubbing  the  body 
with  a  round  stone,  egg,  or  ball  of  rice  over 
the  affected  part.  The  theorerical  object  of 
this  medicinal  massage  in  many  cases  is  to 
extract  a  foreign  body  (which  may  be  doing 
the  injury)  by  means  of  the  attraction  of  ^  the 
ball  of  egg  or  rice,  and  in  some  cases  a  hair  or 
other  small  object  is  afterwards  picked  out  of 
the  ball  of  rice  and  shown  to  the  patient  as 
proof  positive  of  the  success  of  the  treatment. 


ALUN 


[    32    ] 


ALAI 


J 


alun.  I.  Ground-swell ;  a  long  low  rolling  of 
the  sea,  as  distinct  from  waves  covered  with 
foam  (  ombak  )  or  waves  immediately  after  the 
cessation  of  the  wind  (  gelombang  ) , 

Maka  lattt  itupun  beralun-lah  saperti  gtmong : 
the  sea  w^as  covered  w^ith  rolling  waves  moun- 
tains high;  Ht.  Par.  Put. 

Mengalun :  to  roll,  of  the  sea.  Saperti  tnenga- 
lun  bunyi  rayat :  the  sound  of  his  army  was 
as  the  roar  of  the  swelling  sea ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

II.  Ahm-ahm:  (Jav.)  an  open  space,  in 
front  of  a  Javanese  palace,  used  for  parades, 
processions  and  military  exercises;  the  en- 
closure in  which  the  palace  buildings  are  con- 
tained. The  word  is  confined  to  tales  from 
the  Javanese ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.,  Ht.  Sh.,  etc. 
In  Borneo  ( Brunai )  the  word  is  used  of  a 
path. 

III. 

gong. 


alau. 
IL 


Ahm-ahm  :  (  Onom. )  the  booming  of  a 

I.     Burong  alau:  a  bird  (unidentified). 
Driving  away ;  also  halau,  q.  v. 


alu.  I.  Mengalu-ngalukan :  to  come  out  to 
meet,  to  actively  welcome,  in  contradistinction 
to  the  mere  passive  reception  of  a  guest ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  iig;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  119. 

IL  A  pestle,  in  pounding  rice ;  also,  in 
pounding  areca-nut  for  the  tender  gums  of  an 
old  man,  the  iron  chisel-shaped  pounder 
which  cuts  the  areca-nut  into  small  pieces 
under  repeated  blows. .  JJhi  alu  :  the  handle 
of  the  areca-nut  chisel.  Lesong  menchari  alu  : 
the  mortar  seeks  the  pestle:  a  proverbial 
expression  used  to  describe  the  conduct  of 
a  woman  who  makes  love  to  a  man,  or  any 
similar  reversal  of  the  usual  order  of  things  ; 
also  telaga  menchari  titnba. 

Ikan  alu-ahi :  the  name  of  a  large  fish  ;  Sej . 
MaL,  100,  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  19,  Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  9. 


\  j\  alwa.  [  Arab.  \^.  ]  A  sweetmeat ;  a  gene- 
ric name  for  fruits  preserved  in  sugar ;  see 
halwd. 


alwah.     Pers.     Calamus  root. 

alwat.     Arab.     Aloes. 

alah.  Being  w^orsted  ;  getting  the  worst  of  a 
conflict  or  competition ;  being  defeated. 
A  lah-lah  raja  Kidahindi  itu  uleh  raja  Iskandar  : 
King  Kidahindi  was  defeated  by  King  Alex- 
ander;  Sej.  MaL,  6. 

Alah  bisa  uleh  biyasa  :  theory  is  beaten  by 
practice  ;  Prov.  Allah  sabong  menang  sorak  : 
beaten  in  the  fight,  but  beating  the  victor  in 
crowing  over  it ;  Prov. 

Malu  alah :  unwillingness  to  seem  afraid  of 
anyone ;  the  feeling  which  prompts  an  inferior 
to  vindicate  his  independence  by  unnecessarily 
doing  things  which  are  distasteful  to  his 
superior. 


^\ 


Ai\ 


Alahan  or  peralahan  :  a  dried-up  river-bed. 

Alahkan,  mengalah  and  mengalahkan :  to  van- 
quish ;  to  conquer ;  to  bring  to  submission ; 
to  overcome  the  resistance  of  (anything). 

Beralahan  :  to  be  getting  the  worst  of  a  fight. 
Berpanah'panahan  keduwa-nya  suwatu  pun  iiya- 
da  beralahan :  they  kept  shooting  arrows  at 
one  another  without  either  side  getting  the 
worst  of  the  encounter  in  any  respect ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb. 

Alah  is  used  of  loss  in  gambling.  Jangan 
bagai  orang  berjudi,  alah  hendak  membalas, 
menang  hendak  lagi :  don't  be  like  the  gambler 
who,  if  he  loses,  wants  his  revenge,  and,  if  he 
wins,  longs  for  more ;  do  not  start  in  any 
evil  course  in  which  reformation  is  difficult ; 
Prov.,  J.S.A.S.,  III.,  33.  But  tewas  is  often 
used  in  speaking  of  games,  and  alah  of  war ; 
main  yang  mana  kami  tewas  dan  peperangan 
yang  mana  kita  alah :  in  what  game  were  we 
ever  beaten,  in  what  war  were  we  ever 
defeated?     Ht.  Mar,  Mahaw. 

aleh.  Change  of  position,  alteration  of  place; 
moving,  shifting.  Di-aleh-nya  hubongan-nya  : 
he  altered  the  connection  between  them  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  185. 

Naik  bukitj  turun  bukit, 

Jumpa  papan  sa-keping, 
Hendak  aleh  tiyada  teraleh  : 

we  go  uphill  and  downhill  and  come  to  a 
plank,  but  when  we  want  to  move  it  it  will  not 
be  moved  ( the  tongue)  ;  riddle. 

Aleh-aleh  :  suddenly;  all  of  a  sudden  ;=f^&a- 
tiba. 

Aleh  haluwan,  or  a.  luwan  :  to  turn  from  one 
tack  to  another. 

Beraleh  :  to  move ;  to  change  position.  Bin- 
tang  beraleh :  a  meteor ;  Ht.  Koris.  Beraleh 
hari  :  the  day  moved  on  ;  i,e,y  it  became  late. 
Timor  beraleh  sa-belah  barat :  when  the  East 
shifts  to  the  west ;  the  Greek  Calends  ;  Prov. 

Mengaleh:  to  shift,  to  move.  M,  sila:  to 
shift  one's  sitting  position  ;  to  move  one's 
seat ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  7. 


eleh.      Mengeleh , 
See  keleh. 


to  observe,  to  notice  ;    Kl. 


Ilhdmkan . 


f\jy\    ilham.    Arab.    Divine  inspiration.    Ilhd 
»  to  inspire  (of  God) ;  Sh.  Ibl.,  i. 

^^    ilahumma.     Arab.     Oh  God  !  My  God  ! 

^^\    ilahl.      Arab.      Divine,    Ya  ilaht  :    oh   God ! 
oh  divine  One ! 

4^\    ilahiyyat.       Arab.    Divinity,    divine   nature, 
Godhead. 

4>\    alai.     I.     A  tree  (parkia  sumatrana;  Pijn.) 
II.     Confusion  ;  better  halai^  q.  v. 


ALI 


[     33     ] 


UMBUT 


(3\  ali.  Ali-ali:  a  sling.  Batu  alt-alt :  the  stone 
thrown  from  a  sHng:  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.,  Ht. 
Hamz.,  43;  also  anak  ali-ali;  C.  and  S. 
Rajut  ali-ali  :  the  socket  of  a  sling. 

The  word  ali-ali  is  used  of  (i)  the  usual  sling 
(as  the  word  is  understood  in  Europe) ;  (2)  a 
peculiar  native  weapon  partly  made  of  wood ; 
(3)  a  stone  to  which  a  string  is  attached,  the 
string  and  stone  being  cast  away  together. 
This  last  weapon  is  also  known  as  ali-ali 
berantai, 

(3^  ila.     Arab.     To  ;  up  to  ;  as  far  as. 

(3\  aliya.     Ginger  ;  better  haliya,  q.  v. 

^U\  Aliyas.     Arab.     Elijah;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  117. 

J\  aleja.     A  kind  of  cloth  ;  also  haleja,  q.  v. 

O^^    alipan.     A  centipede  ;    also  lipan  and  halipan, 
q.  V. 

^yf^\    alimun.     Invisibility ;  O. 

f^  um.  Generalization,  including  all ;  also  awimt, 
q.  V. 

V^  umm.  Arab.  Mother.  Ummu'l-bulddn : 
'*  mother  of  the  provinces"  ;  the  chief  town  or 
capital.  Ummti'l-kurdn  :  the  ''  mother  of 
the  Koran  "  ;  the  name  of  the  first  chapter  of 
the  Koran. 

>\    ama.     A   very   small   insect ;    a  sort  of  flea. 
^        Ama  melayang:    a  gnat;  (Kedah)   a  symbol 

for  the  smallest  imaginable  atom.     Also  hama. 

Pronounced  amma. 

U\  amma.  [  Arab. :  concerning.  J  A  word  used 
by  Malays  as  an  Arabic  equivalent  for  ada-pun 
in  the  expression  amma  ha'adu  for  ada-pun 
kemudiyan  daripada  itti, 

\a\    §ma\     Mother;  \.mak, 

<>\a\    imatah.     Arab.     Killing,  slaughter. 

i\J\    imarat.     Arab.    Command,  rule,  government. 


\A    6marah.     Anger,  wrath  ;  usually  niarah,  q.  v. 


'J 


dS\J\  imaiat.  Arab.  The  joining  of  two  letters  or 
words  in  pronunciation,  as  when  hi  ismi 
A  Haiti  is  pronounced  bismillahi. 

s\J\    imam.     Arab.     An  ''  Imam  "  or  president  of 
'  a  Malay  mosque  ;  a  religious  leader. 


i*l4i    imamat.     Arab.     The  position  of  an  Imam ; 
the  presidency  of  a  mosque. 


oU 


U 


aman.  Arab.  Security,  protection ;  Pel. 
Abd.,  118  (Government  edition).  Minta  amdn: 
to  pray  for  mercy,  to  ask  for  quarter  ( of  a 
beaten  army);  Ht.  Hamz.,  71.  Berjalan 
dmgan  amdn  dan  sejahtera  :  to  walk  in  peace 
and  safety;  Muj.,  29. 

amanat.  Arab.  Security,  safety,  protection 
of  life  and  property;  Pel.  Abd.,  122. 


jo-X^}    fimbachang.      A     fruit,     the     horse-mango, 
C3    '         mangifera  fcetida ;    also  called   bachangy  mem- 
bachang,  and  machang. 

jr^^    umbara.     Mmgumhava  :  to  wander ;  v.  kum- 
bara. 

f.  ,\^\   gmbarang    or    gmbarong.      An    artificial 
embankment.     Also  embaru. 

embaru.      An    artificial    embankment ;     Ht. 
Abd,,  58.     Also  embavang  and  embarong, 

Pokok   embaru :    a   plant ;    hibiscus   tiliaceus ; 
also  called  baru-baru  and  be  bar  u. 


^U 


6mbalau.  Lac,  (  sometimes  )  solder,  sealing- 
wax  ;  the  material  used  for  making  fast  the 
haft  of  a  blade  in  the  handle.  Mhnhalau : 
the  process  of  so  fixing  the  haft  in  the  handle. 

Also  (  Kedah  )  malau. 

Malau  gari :  (  Kedah )  sealing-wax;  v.  alkari. 


^\    ambat.     1.     To  pursue  ;  better  Aam6a^,  q.  v. 

II.     The  breadth  of  a  sail  as  measured  by 
the  bolt-rope. 

^\  gmbat.  A  long,  swishing  stroke;  striking 
with  a  long,  flexible  switch  or  any  similar 
instrument.     Kena  embat :  to  be  whipped. 

^\  fembut.  I.  Mengembut:  (Kedah)  to  swim 
with  a  peculiar  swishing  side-stroke  ;  cf.  embat, 

11.     Mengembut-embut :  the  throbbing  of  the 
fontanel;  d.  imbok,  II. 

umbut.  1.  The  soft  heart  of  the  upper 
portion  of  a  palm  tree.  This  heart  is  eaten 
as  a  vegetable;  see  Ht.  Abd.,  415;  Ht.  Si. 
Misk.,  6.  Mengumbtit :  to  take  out  the  marrow 
of  the  palm  cabbage ;  (  by  metaphor )  to  get 
at  the  bottom  of  anything;  M.  nyawa :  to 
scoop  out  the  life-spirit ;  to  kill.  Chart  umbut 
kena  buku :  to  look  for  the  soft  heart  and  come 
across  a  gnarled  knot ;  to  be  taken  in;  Prov. 

11.     Ihan  umhut-umbut :  an  edible  salt  water 
fish;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  10,  J.S.A.S.,  VIIL,  log. 


AMBAR 


[     34    ] 


UMBANQ 


jy\   ambar.     I.     [Arab. 


y^  :     ambergris.]      A 

generic  name  given  to  a  number  of  viscous 
substances  used  in  the  Malay  pharmacopoeia. 

A ,  bunga :  a  white  gutta-like  substance 
found  in  ponds  and  believed  to  be  emitted 
by  fish.  A.  darah  and  a,  tahi :  similar  sub- 
stances. The  food  consumed  by  the  fish  is 
believed  to  be  responsible  for  the  varieties  in 
these  substances. 

A ,  ikan :  a  viscous  substance  found  floating 
in  the  sea  and  believed  to  be  the  product  of 
fish  which  have  consumed  the  sap  of  the  pauh 
junggi.  This  material  is  supposed  to  nave 
strong  medicinal  properties. 

A ,  orang  :  mucus  from  the  mouth  of  a  dead 
man. 


11.     Insipidity; 
loss  of  savour. 


tastelessness  ;    flat ;   vapid  ; 


^ 


\ 


ambor.     Strewing,    scattering;   also   (better) 
hambor,  q.  v. 


iJJ^     6mbgrak.     A  species  of  sea-gull. 


\ 


U^ 


u^ 


LT^^ 


ambus.    Running  away.    Ambuskan  :  to  chase 
away.     Mengambus  :  to  run  away. 

Also  hambus,     Cf.  timbas. 


dmbas.     Likeness,  close  resemblance. 
tupai :  like  a  squirrel. 


Embas 


LT^^ 


\ 


3mbus.  Blowing,  making  a  current  of  air. 
Mmbtisan :  bellows.  Pengembus  berdiri :  the 
bellows  of  a  large  furnace  used  by  copper- 
smiths. 

Better  hembus,  q.  v. 

imbas.  The  air  round  or  appertaining  to 
anything ;  circumambient  atmosphere ;  the 
air  round  a  sick  man  which  he  is  supposed  to 
infect,  and  within  the  limits  of  such  infection ; 
the  current  of  air  caused  by  a  passing  object. 

Kina  imbasan  hantu :  to  be  infected  by  a 
passing  spirit  of  disease  without  being  actually 
attacked  by  the  spirit  itself. 

umbas.  FHght;  a  hasty  or  precipitate  re- 
treat from  any  place.  Mengumbas  :  to  **  make 
oneself  scarce  ^* ;  to  abscond. 

ambang.  The  cross-beam  over  a  door;  the 
lintel ;  lying  or  resting  in  mid-air  or  between 
two  supports. 

Pintti  a, :  a  light  door  (consisting  of  a  wooden 
framework  with  cloth  panels)  such  as  is  found 
in  European  houses  in  the  East.  If  this  door 
does  not  touch  the  ground  it  is  a  pintu  a, ;  if 
it  does,  it  is  called  pintu  kambi, 

Ambang-ambangan :  the  soaring  of  the  sun 
just  above  the  horizon ;  the  moment  the 
whole  body  of  the  sun  comes  into  view; 
** wishing"  at  this  moment  (which  is  believed 
to  be  very  propitious) ;  formulae  uttered  by 
pawangs  to  the  rising  sun.  Chinta  ambang- 
ambangan  :  longing  wishes ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  ii. 


t*^ 


t' 


^\ 


^\ 


b-^ 


Ambanghan :  (of  a  boat)  to  moor  a  boat  in 
mid-stream  or  away  from  the  shore;  cf. 
umbang, 

Mengambang :  to  rest  upon  its  pinions,  of  a 
bird ;  to  float  in  the  air  above  the  horizon, 
of  the  sun  or  moon.  Menentang  bagi  bulan 
mengambang :  to  gaze  at  the  moon  as  it  hangs 
suspended  in  space ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  2. 

ambong,  I.  A  kind  of  knapsack;  a  basket 
held  on  the  back  by  four  strings,  one  passing 
over  the  head  (tali  kepala),  one  over  each 
shoulder  (tali  bahu)  and  one  attached  to  the 
bottom  of  the  basket  (tali  emban), 

II.  The  lifting  of  the  waves,  surging  up. 
Mhigambong :  to  swell  or  surge  up ;  to  rise 
up  in  the  air,  of  a  heavy  body ;  to  throw  itself 
up  preparatory  to  diving,  of  an  alligator ;  (by 
metaphor)  to  boast. 

III.  Ambong-ambong :  a  sea-shore  shrub, 
sccBVola  koenigi ;  Ht.  Abd.,  203. 

A  mbong-ambong  laid :  a  shrub,  premna 
cordifolia, 

Ambong-ambong  puteh :  a  tree,  callicarpa 
arborea. 

Ambong  bukit :  a  small  herb,  ebermaiera 
griffithiana. 

The  pith  of  the  ambong-ambong  is  used  for 
making  lamp-wicks  and  artificial  flowers. 

IV.  Ambong-ambong :  blocks  of  wood  form- 
ing part  of  the  framework  of  the  battery  in  a 
Malay  piratical  perahu.  These  blocks  sup- 
port the  base  of  the  benteng,  q.  v. 


gmbang. 

thwart, 
ambang. 


(  Kedah. )      Kayn    perembang :    a 
a    crossbeam  ;=rembat,    q.    v.     Cf. 


Smbong.  A  familiar  appellation  (timang- 
timangan)  sometimes  given  to  the  eldest  of  a 
Mala}^  family. 

embang  and  imbang.  Embang-embang  or 
imbang'imbang :  hovering  about,  haunting, 
'*  hanging  about "  a  house,  as  a  thief  who 
wishes  to  study  it  preparatory  to  an  attempt 
upon  it.  Di'imbang  hantu:  to  be  intermit- 
tently attacked  by  a  spirit  of  disease,  to  have 
a  spirit  of  disease  hovering  about  one ;  to  be 
subject  to  relapses  of  a  complaint. 

embeng.  MBngembeng :  to  sway  the  body 
slightly  to  the  side ;  also  (better)  mengebeng ; 
V.  ebeng, 

ombong.  Boasting.  Chakap  mcngombong : 
boastful  talk  ;  cf.  ambong,  II.,  and  sombong, 

umbang.  I.  Colossal,  imposing.  Naga  u.  : 
a  dragon  figure-head  to  a  ship ;  a  huge  sea- 
dragon  ;  V.  naga. 

II.  Mengumbang :  (  of  a  ship )  to  lie  moored 
between  two  cables,  one  attached  to  the  shore, 
the  other  to  an  anchored  buoy ;  cf.  ambang. 


AMBIK 


[    35    ] 


£:m6an 


L>?*^ 


Jr*^ 


C^ 


tJ^ 


,\ 


>^ 


ambik.  A  colloquial  form  of  the  word  ambil, 
to  take. 

6mbak.  An  idiomatic  word  expressing  the 
number  of  occasions  on  which  a  thing  is 
done;  case;  instance;  time.  Sa-embak:  once. 
Duwa  emhak :  on  two  occasions ;  in  two 
cases ;  twice. 

gmbek.  I.  (Onom.)  The  bleating  of  a 
sheep  or  goat.  Mengembek  :  to  bleat.  Masok 
ka-dalam  handang  kambing  mengembek  masok 
ha-dalam  kandang  kerbau  menguwak :  to  bleat 
on  entering  a  sheep-fold,  to  bellow  on  entering 
a  buffalo-pen — to  adapt  oneself  to  one's  sur- 
roundings ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  77. 
Also  bek  and  debek, 

II.     Mengembek:  to  give  slightly— as  a  floor; 
to  bend  downwards  :  Kl. 


6mbok.  I.  Jav.  Mother;  a  respectful 
designation  for  aged  ladies.  Di-sambuf  cmbok 
lalu  di-riba-nya :  his  mother  picked  him  up 
and  placed  him  on  her  lap:  Ht.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  14. 
Kapada  segala  kakang  dan  embok  :  ( literally ) 
to  all  elder  sisters  and  mothers ;  to  all  ladies, 
whether  slightly  or  much  older  than  oneself; 
Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  18.  £mbok  ayu :  ''Fair 
mother,"  a  very  respectful  way  of  addressing 
an  old  lady ;  Ht.  Sh. 

II.     £mbok-embok:     the    throbbing    of    the 
fontanel  or  of  a  boil  when  *'  ripe. " 

Mengembok  :     to  throb ;  also  mengembut, 
\    embek.     A  tent-flap ;  a  sun-sail  on  a  verandah. 


Ombak.  A  wave,  a  billow.  Ombak-ombak  : 
the  name  given  to  the  eaves  of  a  Malay 
deck  when  carved  into  a  wavy  pattern  and 
extending  down  over  the  side  of  a  ship. 

Berombak  :  to  roll  in  waves  ;  to  surge.  Ra- 
yat  berombak  bagai  segara :  the  troops  surged 
on  like  an  ocean ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

O,  bersabong :  waves  which  strike  each 
other ;  choppy  seas. 

0.  bunga  lepang :  **  white  horses";  waves 
crested  with  foam. 

Bawa'  ombak  :  the  last  gasp  of  a  dying  man. 
Menguwap  bagai  orang  ombak :  gasping  like  a 
man  at  the  point  of  death  ( a  proverbial 
description  of  a  man  to  whom  all  movement 
seems  a  painful  exertion );  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  159. 

Mabok  0, :  sea-sick;  Ht.  Ganj.  Mara.,  23, 

ambal.     I.     Troop,  column,  procession. 

Ambalan:  a  procession.  Ambal-ambalan  or 
berambal-ambalan :  in  procession ;  Sh.  Ch. 
Ber.,  3 ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  26. 

Also  hambal,  q,  v. 

II.  A  thick  plain  rug  used  as  a  mattress ; 
cf.  permadani,  hamparan,  and  lembek. 


>^ 


>^ 


>^ 


>^ 


\ 


ay 


uv^ 


Oy 


ambil.  I.  Taking  over;  receiving  into  one's 
possession  ;  taking  and  retaining — as  distinct 
from  merely  moving  or  lifting  up. 

A .  angin  :  taking  the  air  ;  going  for  a  walk 
for  pleasure. 

A .  pedoman  :  to  make  a  course  (  for  a  certain 
point  of  the  compass). 

Mengambil :  to  take  and  keep ;  to  receive  and 
harbour ;  to  take  over.  Inggeris  pun  datang- 
lah  mengambil  negeri  Melaka  dart  tangan 
Holanda :  the  English  came  to  receive  posses- 
sion of  Malacca  from  the  hands  of  the  Dutch. 
M.  akan  menantu :  to  receive  as  a  son-in-law; 
to  marry  one's  daughter  to.  M,  siput:  to 
gather  shells.  M.  di-hati :  to  take  to  heart 
(of  a  grudge);  to  harbour  feelings  of  resent- 
ment ( against  anyone ). 

Salah  ambilan :  misunderstanding. 
Cf.  sambil  and  sembilan. 


1 1 .       Tanah 
drift;  J.S.  A. 


ambil  : 
S.,  XVI. 


(  Perak ) 
311- 


ore-bearing 


ambul.  Rebounding,  bounding  back  by  the 
force  of  elasticity. 

Mengambul :  to  spring  back,  as  the  side  of  an 
india-rubber  ball  when  pressed ;  to  rebound. 
Maka  lembing  itu  mengambul  jatoh  ka-tanah : 
the  spear  bounded  back  and  fell  to  earth;  Sej. 
MaL,  128.  Mengambiil-ambul :  to  keep  on 
rebounding ;  to  keep  bubbling  ( used  of  the 
bubbles  continuously  coming  to  the  surface 
after  some  object  has  been  immersed  in  water). 

6mbaL  Not  quite  dry,  still  damp  { of  an 
object  having  been  wet  and  not  yet  being 
quite  dry ) ;  cf.  lembap. 

imbal.  Roundish,  but  not  globular  ( as  the 
turned  leg  of  a  table  ). 


VJ\    umbel.     Jav.     Mucus,  phlegm. 


amban.  A  contrivance  to  increase  the  carry- 
ing power  of  a  boat ;  bundles  of  bamboos 
lashed  to  the  side  of  a  boat  to  increase  its 
buoyancy.    Also  telampong  perahu  and  gandong, 

aixibin.  A  scarf  worn  swung  over  the  shoulder 
to  support  a  burden  on  the  back ;  carrying 
a  child  in  this  manner;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Am- 
binan :  a  sort  of  light  knapsack  for  carrying 
food.  Mengambin :  to  carry  in  a  scarf  swung 
over  the  back. 


Q\^    ambon.     Amboyna. 


^\  Smban.  A  rope  or  band  enabling  a  porter  to 
secure  a  heavy  burden  borne  on  the  back, 
several  bands  being  so  used ;  cf.  ambin,  which 
is  a  simpler  contrivance  for  a  light  weight 
borne  simply  slung  over  the  shoulder; 
also  ambong. 


see 


iMBUN 


[    36    ] 


AMAT 


Oy^  Smbun.  Dew.  Embun  di-Imjong  rumpat :  a 
dew-drop  at  the  extremity  of  a  blade  of 
grass — a  symbol  of  transience. 

Permata  jatoh   di-rumput, 

Jatoh   di-nmiput  gilang ; 
Kaseh  empama  embun  di-htijong  nmiput, 

Datang  matahari   neschaya   hilang : 

a  gem  fallen  on  the  grass,  though  fallen  on  the 
grass  retains  its  lustre ;  but  love  is  like  dew 
on  a  blade  of  grass,  which  dies  aw^ay  on  the 
rising  of  the  sun. 

E.  asap :  haze. 

iS.  betina  :  slight  dewy  moisture  or  damp — 
in  contradistinction  to  dew  in  large  drops. 

E.jantan:  dew  in  large  drops — such  as  the 
dew  that  collects  on  the  leaves  of  certain 
palms. 

Berembiin :  to  be  falling — of  dew ;  to  be 
covered  with  dew. 

Kering  e, :  when  the  dew  dries  up,  i,e,,  at 
about  8  a.m.,  a  primitive  method  of  reckoning 
time. 

Mestika  e.:  a  tahsman  believed  to  be  solidified 
dew;  Sh.  Sh.  AL,  2. 

Embim  is  sometimes  used  of  vapour  generally. 
jBrangkan  atas  apt  sampai  embun  :  dry  it  o^^er 
the  fire  till  it  steams — as  a  wet  cloth;  Muj., 
49.  Mengembtm  :  to  fall  in  thin  drops,  of 
spray. 

^yij\  Umban.  Umban  tali :  a  kind  of  sling.  Also 
humban. 

y^  ambu.  Ambu-ambu :  the  name  of  a  large 
deep-sea  fish.  When  preserved,  this  fish  is 
known  as  ikan  kembal  mas. 

4ia^\    Smbolong.     The  name  of  a  plant  (Ht.   Ind. 
^  *         Nata.).     Also  membolong, 

J>A-^\  ambohi.  An  exclamation  of  astonishment. 
^=^^  Pegang  adohi,  buka  ambohi :  you  grasp  it  with 
a  cry  of  pain,  you  open  it  with  one  of  as- 
tonishment ; — a  riddle  descriptive  of  a  durian, 
the  thorns  of  which  make  it  difficult  to  hold, 
and  the  smell  of  which  startles  the  opener. 

^-^\    Smbuwai.     A  maid  of  honour ;    a   damsel  in 
-"^       waiting  at  a  Court. 

4.^\  Smbeh.  I.  A  pet  name  ( timang-timangan  J 
for  girls.  i 

II.     Appearance,  looks,  features. 

A^\  dmboh.  Willingness  (in  certain  expressions  \ 
only).  Ta'-imboh  :  unwillingness,  an  expres- 
sion equivalent  to  a  refusal ;  *'no";  ''I  won't." 
Hidop  segan  rnati  ta' -emboli :  taking  no  pains 
to  live  but  declining  to  die;  a  proverbial 
expression  describing  a  very  idle  man.  \ 

Emboh'imbohan  :    although ;  admitting    that  \ 
,     .     yet ;  an  equivalent  of  sunggoh-pun. 


\a\  imboh.  A  small  sum  or  contribution  to  com- 
plete the  amount  required  ;  making  up  the 
required  amount ;  adding  the  balance  ;  Majm. 
Al-Ahk.,  37- 

A^\  omboh.  The  piston  of  a  Malay  bellows, 
especially  the  lower  plate  of  it. 

^\    ambai.     I.     A  fish-trap  Hke  a  j^m;m/. 

11.     Ambai-ambai  :  a  plant  ( unidentified). 

^\  umbi.  That  portion  of  the  root  of  a  tree 
which  is  buried  in  the  ground ;  the  buried  or 
hidden  portion  of  anything — such  as  a  stake 
or  tooth.  Terchabut  dengan  umbi  akar-nya : 
torn  out,  root,  fibres  and  all;  Sej.  MaL,  57. 
A  ku  dapai  akar  umbi  behasa  Melayu  :  I  got  hold 
of  the  very  root  of  the  Malay  language  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  49. 

Umbi  buwah  suroh  ambilkan  :  order  the  roots 
and  the  fruit  to  be  taken ;  Sh.  Bid.,  135. 

Umbi  is,  however,  apparently  used  of  the 
visible  root  of  a  tree  in  one  passage  of  the 
Ht.  Koris ; 

Konang-konang  terbang  sa-kawan, 
Hinggap   di-umbi   kayu   chendana; 

Kenang-kenang  untong-mu  tuwan, 
Baik'lah  pergi   ka-mana-mana  : 

a  swarm  of  fire-flies  flew  and  perched  on  the 
root  of  the  sandal-wood  tree. 

^\    umbai.     Dangling;    hanging    down    loosely. 
-*         Papan   umbai-umbai :    the   eaves   of  a   Malay 

deck-house  when  carved  in  a  wavy  pattern  ; 

cf.  ombak. 

Tali  umbai :  a  rope,  one  end  of  which  is 
intended  to  be  thrown  to  people  on  shore 
when  a  boat  or  launch  comes  up  to  a  jetty. 

Berumbai  tangan :  to  swing  the  arm. 

Berumbai'Tumbaiyan  :  (frequentative)  hanging 
down  loosely ;  Sh,  Ch.  Ber.,  5. 

Berumbai-rumbaikan  mutiyara :  with  a  hang- 
ing fringe  of  pearls;  Ht.  Jaya  Lengg.  ;  Sh. 
Bid.,  13;   Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

Berumbai'Tumbai  is  also  used  of  falling 
tears;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  48. 

Cf.  jerumbai. 

^^2^  amat.  Very ;  exceedingly ;  surpassingly ; 
exceptional  character.  Kesukaan  yang  amat 
sangat :  exceptionally  great  rejoicings ;  ex- 
treme pleasure.  Tuhan  yang  amat  melihat  dan 
amat  meningar :  God  who  is  all-seeing  and 
all-hearing;    Ht.  Abd.,  411. 

Amati,    amat-amati   and    memperamat-amati : 

'     to  devote  extreme  attention  to   anything ;    to 

look  extremely  closely  and  long  at  anything. 

Di-peramat-amati-nya  perbuwatan  balai  itu  : 
he  carefully  examined  the  construction  of  the 
hall ;  Ht,  Sg.  Samb. 

Teramat :  surpassing — an  intensitive  of  amat. 


feMAT 


[     2.1     ] 


AMPUT 


\    gmat.      [Pers.  ma/.]      Mate,  checkmate;  also 
(better)  mat,  q.  v. 

4>\    ummat.     Arab.     Multitude,  people. 

Banyak'lali  ummat  berharu-biru :  great  was 
the  uproar  made  by  the  crowd  ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  5. 

SapMi  nabt  kasehkan  ummat :  as  the  Prophet 
loved  the  multitude ;  as  Muhammad  loved 
mankind  ;  a  proverbial  expression  betokening 
passionate  affection. 


j^\ 


imtithS.!.     Arab.     Obedience,  servility. 


.  \^^    imtihan.     Arab.     To  examine,  to  test. 

MUai    amthal.     Arab.    Instances,  examples,  illustra- 
tions ;  the  plural  of  j^  ,  q.  v. 


^ 


\   amar. 


Arab,  Order,  command,  edict ;  de- 
cree, especially  a  decree  of  God.  Amar  dan 
nahi  :  God's  commands  and  his  prohibitions ; 
Ht.  Isk.  Dz.  Wajib  mengihitkan  amar,  wajib 
meninggalkan  nahi  :  it  is  right  to  obey  the  law  ; 
it  is  right  to  discard  the  illegal ;  Sh.  I.M.P.,  2. 

Dato'  seri  amar  diraja  :  a  Johor  title  given 
to  the  Sultan's  secretary ;  cf.  jadi  amar  akan 
segala  isi  tstana :  it  became  a  law  for  all  the 
inmates  of  the  palace  ;   Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  109. 


\  H»\   amra, 


l^ 


Hind.  A  fruit  ;  the  hog-plum,  spon- 
dias  mangifera,  Amra  jangan  sangka  kedun- 
dong :  do  not  mistake  a  hog-plum  for  a 
kedundong;  do  not  take  the  wild  hog-plum  for 
its  cultivated  variety ;  all  is  not  gold  that 
glitters ;    Prov. 


-\ 


^y\    amris.      [Arab.     ^  : 


to    walk    with   head 

erect  ?  ]  Urat  amris  :  the  muscles  at  the  side 
of  the  neck ;  also  merih.  A  lah  malm  bertimbang 
enggan  chungkil  amris  akan  pembayar-nya  :  he 
will  accept  defeat  in  a  matter  of  business  (lit., 
weighing),  but  will  not  offer  his  neck  to  be 
pierced  ( in  satisfaction  of  the  debt) ;  he 
admits  a  debt  but  will  not  pay  it ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  21. 


A    amis.     Fish-scented  ;  also  hamis, 

j«*^\  6mas.  I.  Gold,  golden;  a  term  of  endear- 
ment. 

E.  berbuku:  gold  in  nuggets.  A  nugget  is 
ketul  emas  dind  jongkong  emas. 

E,  kahwtn :  marriage-settlements. 

E,  kartcis :  gold  paper  ;  gold  leaf. 

&,  merah  :  red  gold  ;  a  term  of  endearment ; 
cf.  emas  tempawan, 

£.  mtida :  pale  gold  ;  inferior  gold  ;  gold  with 
two  or  three  tenths  of  alloy. 

£.  piiteh :  platina. 

£.  sa-ptdoh  mntu  :  24-carat  gold,  pure  gold. 


jfi.  tempawan:  hammered  gold,  the  colour 
of  which  is  a  simile  for  a  much  admired 
complexion ;  a  term  of  endearment  meaning 
''  my  fair  one.'' 

£.  tiiwa  :  deep  yellow  gold ;  gold  of  superior 
quality ;  gold  with  not  more  than  one-tenth 
of  alloy. 

E.ttdi:  gold  thread.  Kain  emas  ttdi :  cloih. 
interwoven  with  threads  of  gold. 

E.  urai :  gold  dust. 

Anak  e. :  a  born  slave. 

Ayer  e.  :  gilding  ;   gold  paint ;   Ht.  Zaly.,  18. 

Benang  e, :  gold  thread. 

Burong  ^. :  a  bird,  pericrocoliis  ardem, 

Dawat  L  :  gold  paint. 

Galiyan  e. :  a  gold  mine. 

Keliyan  e. :  a  gold  mine ;  also  galiyan  e, 

Melanda  e.  and  meriyau  e, :  to  wash  for  gold 
in  alluvial  deposits. 

Pandai  e, :  a  goldsmith. 

Telerang  e. :  a  gold  reef, 

Tukang  e. :  a  goldsmith.     Also  pandai  e. 

Ke-emasan  or  kemasan  :  golden. 

Also  mas,  which  is  the  more  common  form 
in  colloquial  language. 

II.  A  weight ;  one-sixteenth  of  a  bongkal  or 
tahil. 

III.  A  Javanese  title. 

i^\    amang.     I.     Tourmaline,  wolfram. 

II.     Mengamang  :  to  menace  ;  to  threaten. 

>\ju\    umpama,  or  gmpama.    [Skr.  npama,]    Like- 
•  ness,  similarity,  resemblance ;  a  similar  case ; 

an  example   or   instance.     Umpama-nya :  for 

instance.     Saperti  umpama  :   as  for   example. 

Sa-umpama  tanah  yang  tiyada  berbaja  lagi :  like 

worn-out  soil. 

Umpamaan :  a  proverb ;  a  parable  ;  a  meta- 
phorical example  or  story  to.  illustrate  any 
point ;  also  perumpamaan.  Terkenangkan 
benar4ah  umpamaan  Melayu :  recollecting  the 
truth  of  the  Malay  proverb  .  .  .  . ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  115. 

Umpamakan :  to  compare ;  to  institute  a 
comparison.  Ku  umpamakan  dengan  sa-pohun 
kayu  yang  amat  rendang  di4engah  padang :  I 
compare  him  to  a  very  umbrageous  tree  in 
the  midst  of  an  open  plain  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  295, 
467. 

•^\    ampit.     Anak  ampit:  (Kedah)   a  iish ;  better 
known  as  ikan  pSlaga. 


\    amput.     (Coarse.)     The  coupling  of  animals, 
sexual  connection  ;  also  hamput. 


iMPAT 


[    38    ] 


UMPAK 


:.Ju\  6mpat.  Four.  Hart  empat:  (Straits  Settle- 
ments) the  fourth  day  of  the  week  (commen- 
cing with  Monday) ;  Thursday.  £mpat  persagi 
or  e,  pesegi :  square.  Bulan  empat  sa-nama  :  a 
name  given  to  the  four  months :  jumdduH- 
awwal,  jurndduH-akhir^  rabVu'l-awwal  and 
rabt^u'Uahhir. 

Berempat :  to  make  a  fourth ;  to  have  three 
companions.  Pergi  berempat  pulang  bertiga: 
he  went  with  three  companions  and  returned 
with  two ;  (or)  they  were  four  when  they  left 
and  three  when  they  returned. 

Ki-empat :  the  four ;  the  group  of  four.  Ber- 
muwdfakat  ke-empat-nya :  the  four  came  to  an 
agreement. 

Ke-^mpat'empat :  all  four. 

Yang  ke-empat :  the  fourth.  Langit  yang 
ke-empat :  the  fourth  heaven. 

JU\    impit.      Wedging   or  squeezing   in   between ; 
better  himptty  q.  v. 


\  umpat.  Abuse,  evil-speaking,  cursing;  also 
tcpat,  Di'Unipati  uleh  marika-itu  akandaku 
sebab  baik  dengan  orang  puieh :  they  abused  me 
because  I  was  on  good  terms  with  Europeans. 

Umpati  (Sh.  Panj.  Sg.),  mengumpat  (Ht. 
Abd.,  183),  and  mengumpatkan  (Sh.  Dag.,  12): 
to  abuse,  to  revile,  to  curse. 


\jgu\    fimpSdal.      The     gizzard ;    also    pedal     and 
Mmpedaly  q.  v. 

Aji^\    SmpSdu.      Gall,  bile,  the  gall-bladder  ;   Muj., 
'^  46 ;  also  hempBdu,  q.  v. 

AJ\    ampar.     (Of  carpets,  rugs,  etc.)     Spreading, 
'^       expansion,  the  act  of  spreading  out ;  v,  hampar, 

AJ\    ampir.     Near,  nearly,  almost ;  v.  hampir, 

jj^    emper.     Jav.     A  pent-house,  a  shed. 

i^\    ampas.     Refuse,  dregs,  trash.     A .  sagu :  sago 
LT'  refuse,  used  by  Chinese  for  feeding  pigs,     A . 

tebu :  megass,  crushed  cane.     Also  hampas. 


■&' 


^\   ampis  or  6mpis. 

^  (i)  the   name  gi'' 


A .  musang  or  e,  musang : 
given  to  concurrent  rows  of 
stakes  placed  so  as  to  guide  a  polecat  into 
a  trap ;  (ii)  the  name  of  a  plant  (unidentified). 


ir^ 


\    dmpas.     Dashing  or  flinging   down ;   better 
Mmpas,  q.  v. 


j^    ampang.     Easy,  light ;  usually  gampang,  q.  v. 

iti\    ampong.     Drifting,  driftwood,  an  equivalent 

CT       of   apong,    q.   v,      Terampong-ampong    Sultan 

Yahyd  di-dalam  bahar  itu :  Sultan  Yahya  was 

drifting  about  in  the  sea ;  Ht.  Best.,  13.     Cf. 

telampong. 


^\ 


3mpang.  Barring,  damming ;  constructing 
a  barrier  to  check  the  flow  of  a  stream  ;  (rare) 
an  alluvial  mine.  Di-suroh-nya  Ampang  sungai 
itu  :  he  ordered  the  river  to  be  dammed ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  241.  Ta'-empang  pUuru  di'lalang :  the 
course  of  a  bullet  will  not  be  stopped  by 
grass;  the  wealthy  will  not  be  successfully 
resisted  by  the  poor;  Prov,,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I., 
96. 

Layar  tupang  sehaya  balekkan, 
Laju-nya  tidak  dapat  di-empang  : 

I  will  back  the  sprit-sail,  the  (boat's)    speed 
cannot  (otherwise)  be  checked  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  114. 

gmping.  Crushed  rice,  a  preparation  of  rice 
plucked,  crushed  and  cooked  before  it  is  quite 
ripe.  Maka  ya-itu-lah  yang  di-santap  uleh  ba- 
ginda  saperti  emping :  the  things  the  king  ate, 
such  as  crushed  rice ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama.  Emping 
dan  helapa  dan  gula :  crushed  rice,  coco-nut 
and  sugar;  Ht.  Abd.,  in. 

Pengemping,  or  lesong  pengemping :  a  mortar 
for  pounding  young  rice  with  a  view  to 
making  imping.  Masak  peremping :  ripe 
enough  to  make  emping :  an  expression  des- 
criptive of  a  certain  stage  of  ripeness  in  the 
padi* 

ompaug.  Ompang-ompang :  miscellaneous 
articles  carried  about  by  a  trader  and  intend- 
ed for  use  as  gifts  to  rajas  and  others  whom 
it  might  be  important  to  conciliate. 

fimpap.  Onom.  Striking  or  laying  a  broad 
flat  surface  on  another  surface  of  the  same 
character ;  the  noise  made  by  striking  water 
with  the  flat  of  a  paddle  or  any  other  similar 
flat  object. 

Mengempap  and  mengempapkan :  to  lay  a 
flat  object  on  another;  to  lay  one's  open 
hand,  for  instance,  on  one's  breast  or  on 
a  table. 

Sa-pelempapy  sa4empap  or  sa4elempap :  the 
breadth  of  the  hand  when  laid  on  the  table  ; 
the  breadth  of  the  palm  of  the  hand  ;  a  hand's 
breadth. 

Smpok.     A  soft  spot  in  fruit ;  softness  in  fruit 

as   the  result   of  a  slight  over-ripeness;  the 
softness  of  a  well-boiled  potato. 

Batu  pun  empok  jangankan  hati  manusiya  :  a 
stone  even  would  be  softened,  much  more  then 
the  heart  of  a  man ;  you  know  the  appeal  to 
be  irresistible,  and  only  hold  out  to  show 
what  you  imagine  your  **  firmness  "  ;  Prov. 


^ma\    ompok.     I.     Chap  ompok  :    a  method  of  print- 
ing designs  on  cloth  ;  cf.  telepok. 

n.  Sewing  a  border  on  a  piece  of  cloth ; 
the  border  so  sewn  on.  Kain  ber  ompok 
dengan  sikhalat :  cloth  bordered  with  scarlet. 

^ju\    timpak.     Umpak-umpak  :   a  species  of  lizard  ; 
Kl.  ( better  sumpah  sumpah,  q.  v. ). 


jU 


L\ 


^\ 


AMPUL 


[     39     ] 


AMPAI 


ampul.     Mengampul . 
oneself  out. 


to  swell  out ;    to  blow 


Smpul.  Mengempul:  to  beat  about  without 
making  any  real  headway — as  a  ship  in  an 
unfavourable  wind. 

umpil.  Mengumpil:  to  apply  leverage  by 
putting  the  point  of  a  stick  under  anything 
and  then  pressing  up  that  point ;  to  lever  up. 


^jJliui    SmpSlas.     A  generic  name  for  a  number  of 
plants ;  see  s.  v.  mempelas, 

Juu\    6mp61am.       [Skr.    phalam.]       The    Indian 
1  mango,  mangifera  indica ;  also  mempelam,  q.  v. 


o^^ 


o** 


L\ 


\jjj\ 


y.\ 


ampun.  Forgiveness  ;  pardon.  Meniinta  a, : 
to  beg  for  forgiveness.  Ampun  tuwanku, 
beribu-rtbu  ampun :  pardon,  my  lord,  a 
thousand  pardons ! — a  common  exordium  to 
a  petition  to  a  raja  by  way  of  deprecating 
any  possible  cause  of  annoyance, 

Ampuni  (Sej.  Mai.,  i6o;  Sh.  Bid.,  log), 
ampunkan,  (Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  9),  andmengamptmi 
( Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ) :  to  forgive.  Jika  saperti 
Bukit  Kdf  sakali'pun  besar  dosa-nya  kita  ampuni  : 
we  would  forgive  his  offences  were  they  as 
great  as  Mount  Kaf. 

umpan.  Bait,  fodder,  food  to  attract  animals. 
Di'tabor-nya  umpan  padi  di-dalam  jaring  itu : 
he  scattered  padi  within  the  snares  to  serve  as 
bait;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  166.  Umpan habis,ikan 
ta'-dapat :  his  bait  was  eaten  and  the  fish  was 
not  caught ;  he  miscalculated,  he  was  "  sold,'* — 
a  proverb,  of  which  another  version  is :  pelabor 
habisy  PHembang  ta'-alah,  the  (besiegers') 
stores  were  exhausted  and  Palembang  was 
still  uncaptured. 

Mati  ikan  karena  umpan  :  fish  perish  through 
bait  (and  men  are  tempted  by  women  to 
ruin  ) ;   Prov.  e.g.  : — 

Kapal  belay ar  dari  A  rakan^ 

A  mbil  gaji  jadi  jemudi ; 
Mati  ikan  karena  umpan, 

Mati  sehaya  karma  budi : 

fish   perish   through    bait,    I    perish   by    her 
charms. 

[/.  pisau :  **bait  for  the  knife,"  cattle  for 
slaughter  ;  a  man  who  must  be  killed  to  satisfy 
a  vendetta;  see  Ht.  Jah.,  5. 

C7.  tekak :  an  appetizer. 
^mpanda.     The  name  of  a  tree  (unidentified). 

ampu.  upholding;  supporting;  sustaining; 
holding  up  by  pressure  from  below.  Men- 
gampu  susu  :  to  hold  up  the  breasts.  Pen- 
gampu  susu  :  the  name  given  to  a  kind  of 
corset  worn  by  dancing  girls. 


U 


j^ 


oj^^ 


Aju\ 


Ja\ 


The  word  perempuwan  ( a  woman )  has  been 
derived,  according  to  Von  de  Wall,  from  ampu, 
Klinkert,  who  discards  this  derivation,  gives, 
however,  tengku  ampuwan  ( the  title  of  a  raja's 
principal  wife )  as  a  derivative  of  ampu.  Both 
these  etymologies  seem  doubtful.  The  word 
puwan  ( an  oval  bowl  of  metal  for  betel-chew- 
ing requisites)  has  also  been  derived  from 
ampu,  the  full  form  being  given  as  ampuwan ; 
cf.  puwan. 

Ampu  is  also  used  of  a  man  drinking  by 
catching  in  his  mouth  water  falling  from  a 
pipe  or  conduit. 

Smpu.  I.  A  head-dress  worn  as  a  symbol  of 
rank. 

II.     A  Javanese  title. 
gmpuru.     A  bird  ( unidentified ) . 

Smpulor.  A  plant,  better  known  as  mem- 
pulor,  q.  v. 

ampuwan.  Tengku  ampuwan :  the  designa- 
tion of  a  raja's  principal  wife  if  of  royal  birth. 
To'  puwan  :  the  principal  wife  of  a  Malay 
dignitary. 

Smpuwan.  An  oval  tray  for  carrying  betel- 
chewing  requisites;  usually /ww^n,  q.  v. 

6mpoyan.  A  fishing-reel  (not  used  with  a 
rod ) ;  also  lempoyan. 

fempunya.  Possession ;  also  punya.  Yang 
empunya:  the  possessor,  Mempunyat :  to 
possess, 

Yang  empunya  cheritera  ini :  the  author  of 
this  tale — the  usual  expression  by  which  a 
Malay  writer  speaks  of  himself. 

In  the  Straits  Settlements  the  word  punya  is 
often  used  in  forming  a  genitive,  e.g.,  aku 
punya,  my ;  diya  punya,  his.  It  is  also  used  to 
connect  an  adjective  with  the  substantive  to 
which  it  refers,  e.g.,  baik  punya  orang :  a 
good  man.  These  forms  are  literal  translations 
of  Chinese  idioms  and  are  not  good  Malay. 

§mpoh.  Overflowing.  Rebus  ia'-empoh :  boil- 
ing but  not  spilling,  a  proverbial  expression 
descriptive  of  a  man  who  can  run  into  danger 
without  suffering  for  it ;  going  near  the  fire 
without  being  singed. 

limpohan :  a  flood  caused  by  the  swelling  of 
a  river  till  it  overflows  its  banks. 

ampai.  Hanging  and  waving  loosely;  sus- 
pended loosely  ;  a  waving  motion  of  the  arms 
as  when  a  man  is  treading  water ;  extension, 
withdrawal,  and  extension  again ;  cf.  chapai^ 
apai,  sampai,  selampai,  etc. 

Ampai-ampat:  the  stinging  jellyfish,  so  called 
because  of  its  long  waving  feelers. 

Ampaiyan  kain:  a  clothes-hne  or  clothes-rail. 

Ampaikan:  to  hang  out  (clothes  or  similar 
objects  ) ;  to  lay  grass  over  a  batas. 


&MPENAK 


[    40     ] 


UNTUT 


(Ji-X*)    Smpenak.     MBngSmpenak ;  to  bring  up  a  child 

kindly  and  carefully;    to  treat  a  child  well. 
Also  penak.     Kl.,  Pijn. 


.\ 


amok.     A  violent  or  furious  attack ;  charging; 

recklessly  engaging  the  enemy;  running 
amuck.  Biyar4ah  patek  amok  segala  raksasa 
itu :  let  me  charge  those  evil  spirits ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.  Tiyada  tertahan  lagi  amok  Maharaja 
Johan  Shah  Peri  itu:  the  onslaught  of 
Maharaja  Johan  Shah  Peri  vi^as  no  longer 
resistible  ;   Ht.  Ind.  Jay.,  48. 

Beramok-amokan :  charging  each  other ; 
furiously  attacking  each  other — as  two  armies. 

Mingamok :  to  charge ;  to  attack ;  to  run 
amuck.  Mengamok  saperti  singa  yang  tiyada 
membilangkan  lawan-nya :  to  charge  like  a  lion 
which  takes  no  count  of  its  foes ;  Cr.  Gr.,  78. 
Ada  bichara  orang  mengamok  di-Kampong 
Gelam :  there  was  a  case  of  a  man  running 
amuck  in  Kampong  Glam  ;  Ht,  Abd*,  261. 

Laksamana  mengamok  :  the  name  of  a  Malay 


dish  ; 


laksamana. 


\    6mak.     Mother;  v.  mak. 


imkan.     Arab.     The  bestowal  of  a  fief. 
amil.      [  Arab.     L\^  .  ]      Pregnant ;    v.  J^\s>. . 

iml^\     Arab,     Dictation  ;  to  dictate, 

amlas.     Arab.     Soft. 

amansari.  The  name  of  a  Malay  sweetmeat 
made  of  kachang  hijau  and  coco-nut. 

imhan.     Arab.     To  humiliate. 

ummi.     Arab.     Illiterate. 

amir.  Arab.  Leader;  prince;  chief; 
commander ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  14,  18  ;  Sh.  Abd. 
Mk.,  24.  AmtruH-mumimn :  Commander  of 
the  Faithful — a  title  given  to  a  Caliph  of 
Islam. 


^y\J\  amin.  Arab.  Amen !  Be  it  so !  Pada 
salama-lama-nya  amin  amin  :  for  ever  and  ever, 
Amen  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  16. 

Mengaminkan :  to  utter  or  repeat  the  word 
Amen ;  Sh,  UL,  34 ;  to  attest ;  Arabian 
Nights,  188. 

Uj\  anbiy&'.  Arab.  Prophets;  the  plural  of 
nabi,  q.  V.  BBrkat  nabt  saiyidu'l-anbiyd^-  by 
the  blessing  of  the  Prophet  who  is  Chief 
among  the  Prophets ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk,,  53.  Ber- 
kat  di4olong  segala  anbiyd' :  by  the  blessing  of 
being  helped  by  all  the  Prophets ;  Sh.  Sri 
Bun.,  93. 


A  ailta.  I.  Skr.  Existence;  entity;  nature. 
Beranta  indera :  of  Godlike  nature  ;  divine. 
Beranta  loka  :  of  an  earthly  character. 

Anta  kesoma  :  flowery  ;  the  name  given  to  a 
Malay  dish,  a  preparation  of  ubi  keledek,  Baju 
anta  kesoma  :  a  coat  of  many  colours ;  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub. 

II.  [Skr.  bhdrata.]  Beranta  Yuda :  the 
name  by  which  the  Bharata  Yuddha  is  known 
to  educated  Malays. 

III.  [Kawi  ananta  bhoga,  from  Skr.  ]  Naga 
anta-boga  :  the  great  serpent ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 
See  boga. 


J\ 


J 


U 


;j\ 


onta.  Hind.  A  camel.  Gombala  onta :  a 
camel  driver ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  428.  Saperti 
onta  menyerahkan  diri  :  to  yield  oneself  up  as 
a  camel  (which  kneels  to  let  its  rider  mount); 
implicit  obedience;  Prov.,  Sh.  Raj.  Haji, 
183,  J.S.A.S.,  XL,  sS. 

Burong  0,  :  an  ostrich. 


antara.  [Skr.  antdra.]  Space  between ;  in- 
termediate ;  position  between ;  lapse  of  time 
between ;  interval.  Di-dalam  antara  sadikit 
hart  :  in  the  space  of  a  few  days.  Di-antara 
marika-itu  tiga  behagiyan  orang  Islam  :  three- 
quarters  of  them  (lit.  in  the  interval  of  them, 
among  them )  were  Muhammadans.  Ingat 
antara  belum  kena  :  think  before  you  encounter 
— f.^.,  look  before  you  leap  ;  Prov.,  J.S.A.S., 
III.,  21. 

Kaseh  sayang  yang  tiyada  berantara  lagi  :  love 
that  is  not  between  boundaries ;  love  that  is 
boundless ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Belantara  is  sometimes  confused  by  Malays 
with  birantara  ;  see  Sh.  Bid.,  318.     (Leyd.) 

Perantaran  :  the  interval  between,  the  space 
between ;   Bust.  Sal. 

Samantara  :  while ;  from  sama  and  antara  ; 
V.  sementara. 


untut.  Elephantiasis,  a  swelling  of  one  or 
both  of  the  lower  limbs  accompanied  by  ulcer- 
ation at  the  ankle.  Sa-orang  tuwa  lagi  untut 
kcduwa  kaki-nya :  an  old  man  with  both  legs 
swollen  by  elephantiasis;  Sej.  Mai.,  128. 
Harapkan  si-untut  menggamit  kain  koyak  di- 
upahkan :  trust  the  man  who  has  elephantiasis 
( to  do  anything ) ;  you  must  pay  him  even 
to  put  his  fingers  through  a  torn  garment ; 
lazy  as  a  sufferer  from  elephantiasis  ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  Ill,,  19.  Kaki  untut  di-pakaikan 
gelang  :  putting  an  anklet  on  a  swollen  leg  ; 
to  increase  a  disfigurement  by  attracting 
attention  to  it;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HL,  32.  Lain 
yang  bengkak  maka  yang  bernanah  lain  ;  yang 
untut  lain  yang  mengesut  lain  :  the  gathering  is 
in  one  place,  the  oozing  of  matter  from 
another  ;  the  elephantiasis  is  on  one  leg  and 
the  shrivelled  flesh  on  the  other;  one  man 
commits  the  offence  and  another  is  punished 
for  it ;  Prov.,  Ht,  Koris. 


ANTAR 


[    41    ] 


ANTOK 


J^\    antar.      I.      Sending,    transmission ;    usually 
hantar,  q.  v. 

II.  Antar-antar  :  a  pestle,  a  pounder  of  any 
sort,  a  ramrod;  cL  pelantaL 

^U*Jj\    intisab.     Arab.     Family  connection,  descent, 
relationship. 

jLiJo\    intishar.     Arab.     Propaganda,  dissemination 
of  doctrine. 

il!\    antang.     The  pestle  of  a  mortar ;  Cr. 

^1    anting.     Pendent,  hanging  down  and  swing- 
^        ing.     A  biting-anting :  ear  pendants ;  Ht.  Hamz., 
11;  Ht.  Sh. 

Ontang-anting  or  tmtang-anting :  loosely  hang- 
ing, pendulous — of  many  objects  of  unequal 
length. 

Burong  anting-anting  :  a  bird  with  long  tail 
feathers  ;  a  sort  of  small  racquet-tailed  crow. 

ix;\    Sntang.     I.     Facing  towards ;   also  tang  and 
L         tentangy  q.  v. 

II.  Setting  down  ;  to  put  down  ;  =  letak. 

III.  Ta'-entang :  carelessness,  indifferencie 
to  one's  surroundings ;  shamelessness ;  reck- 
lessness in  a  warrior;  an  equivalent  of  ta'-endah. 


k^\    enteng.       Light,    easy; 
^        Javanese  equivalent  of  r 


Kam.    Kech.,  8 ;    a 
mgan. 


iCi\    ontang   and   untang.     Pendulous,  swaying; 
^        v.  anting, 

jCj\    unting.     A  small  skein   of  thread,  string  or 

^        silk ;  a  single  tassel ;  a  bunch  of  padi  stalks 

taken    from    the    nursery   with    a     view    to 

manuring    and    transplanting;    the    unit    of 

measurement  for  string,  tape,  thread,  etc. 

Tali  unting'Unting  :  a  string  stretched  across 
any  surface  in  order  to  make  a  straight  line ; 
a  line  such  as  labourers  use  in  cutting  a  ditch 
or  drain;  a  string  between  two  pegs — such 
as  is  used  to  assist  in  marking  out  the  lines  of 
a  tennis-court. 


i;o\  untong.  Profit ;  advantage ;  gain — especially 
cr  gain  as  the  result  of  ordinary  foresight  and 
not  of  mere  good  luck ;  the  lot  awarded  to 
men ;  fate ;  natural  destiny.  Untong  sabut 
timbul,  untong  batu  tenggelam  :  it  is  the  natural 
destiny  of  coco-nut  husk  to  float  and  of  stone 
to  go  to  the  bottom;  J.S.A.S.,  XL,  35;  Ht. 
Raj.   Don.,    12;    Prov.     (meaning  that  it  is 


useless  to  strive  against  fate).  Untong  ada 
tuwah  tidak :  he  makes  a  profit  but  has  no 
lnck---t.e,,  he  gets  only  ordinary  returns  for 
his  investments;  Prov.  Apa  buleh  buwat, 
sudah  untong  nasib,  dhnikiyan-lah  sudah  takdir 
Allah  melakukan  atas  hamba-nya :  what  can  we 
do?  It  is  fate  and  destiny:  thus  has  God 
worked  His  will  upon  us,  his  slaves ;  Marsd. 
Gn,  144. 

Bay  an  Lepas,  Telok  Jelutong 
Tiga  dengan  Batu  Lanchang  ; 

Tarek  napas  terkenangkan  untong 
Untong  tidak  sa-rupa  orang : 

breathe  a  sigh  lamenting  your  fate;  the  ways 
of  fate  are  not  those  of  a  man ;  Prov, 

Mendapat  untong :  to  derive  profit  ( from  a 
commercial  transaction) ;  to  get  a  return  on 
money  laid  out ;  Ht.  Abd.,  91. 

Keuntongan  :  fate,  destiny,  profit ;  Sh.  B.  A. 
M.,  II. 

;\  antap.  Heavy  for  its  size  ;  closely  compres- 
sed ;  specific  gravity ;  compactness.  Also 
hantap. 


;\    antup.     Jav.     The    sting  of  an    insect;    cf. 
sengat. 


£lj\    intip.     Jav.     Peering ;    spying  out ;  cf.  hintai, 
J^    antak.     Tapping   the  ground  with   the  front 


O^ 


part  of  the  foot,  the  heel  remaining  stationary ; 
cf.  geretak,  geretam,  etc. 


z^\    antok.     I.     Mengantok :  to  be  sleepy;  to  be 

drowsy.  Mata  mengantok:  id.  Orang 
mengantok  di-sorongkan  bantal :  to  push  a 
pillow  under  a  drowsy  man ;  to  increase 
inclination  in  a  man  already  yielding  to  it ; 
Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  4. 

IL  Collision  ;  the  forcible  contact  of  two 
bodies.  Berantok  :  in  collision  ;  to  be  in  col- 
lision ;  to  collide  or  knock  against.  Adayang 
berantok  kepala  sama  sendiri-nya:  some  kept 
knocking  their  heads  against  each  other  ;  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub.  Maka  berantok-lah  lunas  kapal  ittc 
dengan  karang :  the  keel  of  the  ship  struck 
against  the  reef;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

Saperti  pinggan  dengan  mangkok 
Salah  sadikit  hendak  berantok  : 

like  a  cup  and  saucer  which,  on  the  slightest 
shake,  knock  against  each  other;  readiness 
to  quarrel  among  near  relations;  Prov. 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  64. 

Gigi  berantok  :  chattering  teeth. 

Terantok  :  having  collided-  Sudah  terantok 
beharu  tengadah  :  to  look  up  after  the  collision 
(to  lock  the  stable  door  after  the  horse  has 
been  stolen) ;  Prov. 


fiNTAK 


[    42    ] 


INTI 


J^\ 


j^\ 


J^\ 


Jk^4«l,i^X>  I 


>^ 


>^ 


LT^^ 


§ntak.     Holding  and  ramming  down,  as  when 

pounding  with  a  heavy  mortar  ;  beating  down 
(the  earth)  with  a  pounder,  as  a  coolie  engaged 
in  the  construction  of  a  road ;  cf.  antak, 

Entak  anti :    unconscious  movements  ;    con- 
vulsive struggles. 

Entak  anti  lala  belaleh, 
Bag  at  chaching  kepanasan^ 
Bagai  rmnput  di4mgah  jalan^ 
Bagai  sambau  di-pintu  kandang  : 

convulsive  movements,  meaningless  cries,  (the 
life  of)  a  worm  that  is  scalded,  the  (life  of) 
grass  in  a  thoroughfare,  the  life  of  sambau 
grass  at  the  gate  of  a  cattle-pen  ;  Prov. 

The   forms   hentak-hanti  and    imtak-anti    are 
sometimes  heard. 

entek.  Mengentek :  to  winnow  rice,  giving  a 
little  side  jerk  every  now  and  then  to  separate 
the  light  from  the  heavy  grains  or  the  chaff 
from  the  grain ;  to  shake  the  bustle  in  walk- 
ing— of  women. 


j;j\    untak. 


Untak-anti :    convulsive    movement : 


V.  entak. 

untok.     A  share,  an  allotted  share,  a  dividend, 

a   share   by    actual   division ;    cf.    ageh,    and 
behagi, 

antakSsoma.  [Skr. ;  see  anta  and  kesoma,] 
Flowery ;  the  name  given  to  a  Malay  dish 
of  tibi  keledek.  Baju  antakesoma :  a  coat  of 
many  colours ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 


Ui\    antil.     Untal-antil :  swaying  loosely ;  v.  tintal. 

Uj\  antul.  Mengantul :  to  be  driven  back,  to  fall 
to  the  ground  after  striking  against  a  solid 
surface,  as  when  a  stone  is  hurled  against  a 
wall. 


untal.  I.  Sweeping  in  with  both  arms;  as 
much  as  a  man  can  cover  in  his  embrace ;  an 
armfuL 

11.  Untal-antil:  swaying  loosely  of  short 
pendant  objects ;  cf.  untang-anting  and  kuntal- 
kantiL 

until.  I.  A  small  quantity;  as  much  as  one 
can  roll  up  between  the  finger  and  thumb  or 
in  the  palm  of  the  hand;  a  small  ball  or  pill. 
Di-ambil-nya  tanah  liyat  sadikit,  di-until-until- 
nya :  he  took  a  little  clay  and  rolled  it  up  into 
a  ball. 

11.  Mingimtil:  to  sway  about,  of  a  short 
pendant  object :  cf,  untal  and  antil,  of  which 
this  word  is  a  variant. 


SntSlas.      [Arab.      \]^\ .]     Kain  entelas :  satin ; 
Sh.  Bid.,  26,  Ht.  Koris,  etc. 


Cr^\   antan. 

Malay 

the  pounding-stick  be  broken,  the  mortar" will 

be  lost ;  Prov 


;\ 


la» 


u^\ 


^yy\ 


4Jo 


^\ 


x;\ 


4Jb 


The   pestle  or   pounding-stick   of  a 
mortar.     Antan  patah  lesong  hilang :  if 


antun.  Attentiveness  to  clothing;  care  in 
dressing;  coxcombry.  Sadikit  kerja  banyak 
berantun :  he  devotes  little  time  to  work  and 
much  to  dressing. 

intan.  A  diamond ;  a  term  of  endearment  as 
being  a  precious  thing.  Intan  dan  berliyan : 
diamonds  and  brilliants.  Bertatahkan  intan : 
set  with  diamonds. 

antui.  A  tree-name  ;  drepananthus. 
A .  hit  am  :  drepananthus  pruniferus, 
A .  puteh  :  drepananthus  cauliflorus, 

antah.  The  husk ;  the  outer  skin  of  grain ; 
the  sheath  in  which  the  edible  portion  of 
grain  is  enclosed.  Beras  basah,  di-tampi  to*- 
berlayang,  di-indang  ta' -berantah,  hujong-nya 
tiyada  di-siidu  uleh  itek :  if  you  winnow  wet 
rice  the  chaff  won't  fly ;  if  you  sift  it,  grain 
and  husk  won't  separate ;  last  of  all,  even 
ducks  will  not  touch  it ; — utterly  useless  or 
worthless;  Prov.  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  133.  Lak- 
Sana  antah  demukut,  lapar  sangat  beharu  ber- 
guna :  like  husk  and  rice  dust,  which  is  only 
useful  when  one  is  very  hungry ;  Prov. 

anteh.  Menganteh :  to  spin,  to  make  thread. 
Rahat  menganteh  benang :  a  distaff. 

§ntah.  A  word  expressive  of  doubt,  interro- 
gation or  ignorance  ;  perhaps  ;  I  do  not  know ; 
how  can  I  tell  ?  Jawdb-ku  :  entah-lah,  tuwan  : 
I  replied :  I  do  not  know,  sir. 

Entah  bertemu  entahkan  tidak :  perhaps  we 
shall  meet,  perhaps  not ;  Ht.  Koris.  Entah- 
kan kulit,  entahkan  isi :  perhaps  the  skin,  per- 
haps the  flesh  ;  Sh.  Ik,  Trub.,  19.  Entahkan 
salah,  entahkan  kena :  whether  perhaps  we 
miss  or  whether  we  hit ;  Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  8. 

See  also  tah. 

Snteh.  An  equivalent  for  puteh  when  used  as 
3i  name  ( timang-timangan);  more  usually  teh. 


intiha.    Arab. 
581 ;  Muj.,  7. 


End,  termination ;  Put.  Sh., 
Intiha  'Ukalam :  finis. 


anti.  Entak-anti  or  untak-anti :  convulsive 
tapping  or  movement ;  v.  entak. 

inti.  A  name  given  to  several  Malay  culinary 
preparations ;  for  instance,  scraped  coco-nut 
mixed  with  sugar  and  fried  in  a  pan.  /. 
hudang :  inti  of  prawns ;  scraped  coco-nut  and 
prawns. 

Puchok  patch   berulam  pauh, 

Petang  petang   kachau   inti; 
Sayang  sehaya  berkaseh  jauh 
Petang  petang  hanchor  hati  : 
a  shoot  of  the  pauh  with  the  cooked  pauh  fruit 
stirred  up  in  the  evening  to  make  inti ;  alas, 
I   love  the   absent :  evening   by  evening   my 
heart  is  oppressed. 


INTAI 


[     43     ] 


UNJANG 


^\    intai.     Peering,  peeping ;  better  hintai,  q.  v. 

^^^    untai.     Hanging  down  loosely;  dangling;  cf. 
jxmtai^  runtai,  umbai,  etc. 

jj-!r^'  antero,  {Port,  enteiw,)  Complete;  entire — 
used  to  describe  the  whole  of  a  district 
administered  from  any  place.  A.  Kelang : 
the  Klang  district  ( as  distinguished  from  the 
village  of  Klang). 

cJ^*'  Sntimun.  A  generic  name  for  gourds  and 
cucumbers ;  see  timtm  and  menttmun. 

ij    anja.     A    nautical   term ;    the   halyards ;    the 
C      name  given  to  several  ropes  in  the  rigging  of 
a  ship. 

^^    inja.     Sawan  inja :  the  name  of  a  disease,  also 
C      known  (  Kedah )   as  sawan  lenja, 

sjz^^  Snjut.  Mengenjtit :  to  tug  as  a  fish  tugs  at  a 
line  ;  cf.  dennyut  and  nyut, 

j^    anjar.     Arab.     An  anchor. 
J^     anjir.     Pers.     The  common  fig. 


tf' 


^ 


j^' 


'j^' 


't 


anjor^  or  anjur.  Menganjor:  to  project;  to 
stretch  out.  Beting-nya  menganjor  ka-tengah 
laid :  its  banks  stretched  out  seawards ;  Pel. 
Abd.,  13. 

Penganjor :  a  projection ;  the  leader  of  a 
procession ;  the  officer  who  bears  the  sword 
of  state  before  a  raja ;  the  leading  man  of  a 
marching  army  ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz.  Tanah  p, :  a 
promontory.  Bintang  p. :  the  morning  star 
as  the  forerunner  of  the  day. 

Cf.  unjor,  tanjong,  anj ong  dnid  (perhaps)  ^ora?^. 

unjor.     Stretching  out,  projection. 

Unjorkan :  to  project.  Unjorkan  kaki :  to 
stretch  out  the  leg. 

Belum  dudok  belunjor  dahtilu  :  to  stretch  out 
one's  legs  before  sitting  down  ;  to  show  undue 
familiarity  or  impertinence ;  Prov. 

Also  hunjor;  saperti  batangpisang  berhunjoran; 
like  projecting />isa^g'  stems;  Ht,  Sh.  Mard. 

anjSrah.      (  Kawi. )    Dissemination  ;    spread  ; 
pervading — as    an  odour    pervades   the    air ; 
Ht.  Mas.  Ed. 
Also  jerah. 

anjang.  I.  Also  panjang,  q.  v.,  and  jang. 
A  familiar  name  ( timang-timangan )  often 
given  to  the  fourth  or  fifth  child  in  a  family. 

II.  Anjang-anjang :  the  name  of  an  edible 
salt-water  fish.  Ketam  anjang-anjang:  the 
name  of  a  crab. 


■e 


anjing.     A  dog;    dog,  as  a  term  of  abuse;  in 
proverbs,  a  dog  as  a  type  of  an  unclean  beast. 

Saperti  anjing  dengan  ktiching :  like  cat  and 
dog ;  quarrelsome ;  Prov.  Saperti  anjing 
gonggong  bangkai :  like  a  dog  with  a  dead 
body  in  his  mouth;  snarling  and  ill-tempered; 
Prov.  Anjing  tilang  bangkai:  a  dog  going 
back  to  his  carcase ;  a  man  returning  to  his 
filthy  habits;  Prov.  Anjing  menyalak  bukit 
malm-kah  nmtoh :  if  a  dog  barks  at  a  hill,  will 
the  hill  crumble  ?  If  a  pauper  threatens  a 
prince  will  the  prince  tremble?  Prov.  Sa- 
puloh  jong  datangy  anjing  berchawat  ekor  juga : 
even  if  ten  ships  come,  the  dogs  use  no  loin 
cloth  but  their  tails;  a  great  event  to  the 
great  may  be  of  no  importance  to  their 
inferiors;  Prov.  Anjing  tiyada  chawat  ekor: 
the  dogs  will  not  trouble  to  lower  their  tails ; 
even  the  dogs  will  not  look  at  her  (an 
uncomplimentary  remark  about  a  lady's 
charms);  Prov.  Pnktil  anjing  ta' -pandang  mata 
tuwan-nya :  to  hit  a  dog  without  watching  his 
master's  eye;  a  rash  act;  Prov.  Bangsa 
anjing  kalan  biyasa  makan  tahi,  ta'-niakan  pun 
chiyum  ada  juga :  dogs  that  eat  filth  smell  of 
filth  even  when  they  have  not  just  eaten  it ; 
Prov. 

Anjing-anjing :  the  muscle  of  the  calf  of  the 
leg.  A  njing-anjing  perahu :  small  nooses  at 
the  bottom  of  a  boat's  stays ;  also  the  stick 
at  the  end  of  the  rope  opposite  the  chachi, 

A .  ayer :  an  otter,  Intra  vulgaris ;  better 
berang'berang  or  memberang, 

A .  bertinggong :  a  peculiar  shape  of  hook  so 
called  from  its  straight  shaft  and  the  sharp 
angle  at  its  base  when  it  twists  up  towards 
the  barb. 

A.  hutan  :  the  wild  dog;  canis  rutilam. 

A .  perburuwan  :  a  hunting-dog. 

A.  tanah:  an  insect. 

Anak  a, :  (i)  the  lower  end  of  the  muscle  of 
the  calf;  the  part  of  the  back  of  the  leg 
between  the  calf  and  the  tendon  achillis ;  (2)  a 
puppy. 

Gigi  a, :  the  canine  teeth ;  also  gigi  siyong 
and  gigi  asu. 

Gombala  a. :  a  dog  keeper.     Also  peran  a, 

Kiitti  a.  :  a  tick. 

Peran  a, :  see  gombala  a, 

Puki  a, :  a  plant ;  cynometra  catdiflora. 


anjong.  A  native  balcony ;  a  kind  of  upper 
chamber  projecting  from  the  main  apartments 
and  used  as  a  sitting  and  reception  room. 
The  word  is  also  used  of  a  cabin  in  a  Malay 
vessel.  Silakan  naik  ka-anjong :  please  step 
upstairs  (to  the  verandah) ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk. 
The  word  also  occurs :  Ht.  Gul.  Bak,,  147, 
Ht.  Koris;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  9;  Sh.  Si 
Lemb. ;  etc. 


ij^   unjang. 


Better  runjang^  q.  v. 


UNJONG 


[    44    ] 


INOHIT 


m^  unjong.  L  Ceremonial  calling;  visiting— 
^  used  especially  of  visits  of  condolence  after  a 
death.  Kita  hendak  mengtmjongi  paduka  aya- 
handa  itu :  we  desire  to  pay  a  visit  of  respect 
to  your  royal  father;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata,  69. 
Hendak  mingunjong  baginda  rasul  Allah:  to 
visit  the  Prophet  of  God;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  77. 

11.  Sa-penrnjong :  a  measure  of  depth;  a 
depth  such  that  a  man's  fingers  when  held 
high  above  his  head  can  just  reach  the  surface, 
his  feet  being  on  the  bottom ;  cf.  sa-pengunjok 
tangan :  as  high  as  a  man  can  reach  with  his 
fingers.     See  also  runjong. 

Galah  penmjong :  a  long  pole  for  use  in  deep 
water. 

v-J;^^  injap.  The  spikes  (turning  inwards)  at  the 
mouth  of  a  fish-trap  {hubu).  These  spikes 
allow  a  fish  to  enter  but  make  it  difficult  for 
the  fish  to  get  out.     Also  (Kedah)  unjap, 

Biilan   terang  angin  pun   sedap, 
Bunga   kedudok    di-dalam   bendang ; 

Tuwan  sudah  terkena   injap, 
Bubu   dudok,  jiwa-kau  hilang : 

you,  sir,  have  been  caught  in  a  snare;  the 
trap  remains  there  and  your  life  will  be  lost. 

uJ:^^    mijap.     V.  injap. 

1^    ailjak.     Slight  alteration  in  position  ;   shifting 

(anything)  from  one  place  to  another  close  by. 
Fetuwd  guru-mtc  jangan  di-anjak :  do  not 
depart  from  the  counsels  of  your  teachers ; 
Sh.  Jub.  Mai.,  15.     Cf.  inchut  and  anggor. 

^y^    unjok.     Pushing  forward   anything ;   handing 

anything ;  giving  out  anything ;  cf.  anjor  and 
unjor,  which  are  used  of  a  long  body  being 
projected  forward  (as  when  a  man  stretches 
out  an  arm  or  leg),  while  tmjok  is  used  of  any 
object  being  picked  up  and  held  out — as  when 
a  man  takes  a  coin  from  his  pocket  and  holds 
it  out. 

Unjokkan  and  mengunjokkan  :  to  lift  up  ;  to 
hold  out;  to  thrust  out.  Ku  unjokkan  sahi 
rupiyah  ka-tangan-nya :  I  thrust  a  rupee  into  his 
hand.  Sa-orang  ptm  tiyada  berani  mengunjok- 
kan tangan  kapada-nya :  not  a  soul  dared  raise 
a  hand  against  him. 

Also  pronounced  (Kedah)  enjuk ;  cf.  tunjok 
and  telunjok.     See  also  unjong,  II. 

^^'    Snjak.     Mengenjak :  to  tread  down ;    cf.  jijak 
and  pijak,    Pingenjak  :  the  sole  of  a  shoe. 

\^^    anjal.     Menganjal :  to  spring  back  to  its  for- 
^■^       mer  shape — of  an  elastic  or  flexible  material 
when  tension  is  suddenly  removed. 

W.^    dnjal.     The    act    of   sitting   back   suddenly ; 

*^'        coming  down  violently  on  one's  seat ;    forced 

down  on  one's  chair — as  a  restless  child  is 

made  to  sit  down  by  an  angry  mother.      Also 

hgnjaL 


y 


L\ 


y' 


injil.  I.  A  hair  pin,  a  hair  ornament.  Di- 
buboh-nya  injil-injil  intan  di-karang :  she  placed 
(in  her  hair)  ornaments  set  with  diamonds ; 
Ht.  Mas.  Ed. 

II,     [Arab.  anjtL]     The  Gospels;  the  New 

Testament ;  v.  J^^ 

■^    SnjSlai.     A    plant,   coix  lachryma  jobi ;    also 
jilai,  q.  V. 


i^ 


f 


^\ 


unjam.  Thrusting  anything  perpendicularly 
into  the  earth :  thrusting  or  forcing  down 
anything  with  a  rush  and  not  by  mere  pres- 
sure. Maka  Maharaja  Antaboga  pun  meng- 
unjamkan  ekor-nya  ka-tengah  padang  itu :  the 
Maharaja  Antaboga  (the  great  Serpent)  drove 
his  tail  into  the  plain ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Also  hunjam,  henjam  and  hunyam. 


a    steam    engine ; 


(J^     enjin.       Eng.       Engine; 
machinery  generally. 

^y^  unjun.  I.  A  short  sharp  tug ;  a  sudden  pull 
at  anything. 

II.  Mengunjun:  to  keep  slowly  lifting  and 
lowering  a  live  bait  (in  fishing  with  a  rod) 
in  order  to  attract  and  deceive  the  fish.  Cf. 
unchat, 

J^  enjSnir.  Eng.  An  engineer — usually  of  a 
mechanical  or  civil  engineer,  but  applied  in 
the  Hikayat  Abdullah  to  the  Royal  Engineer 
Officer  in  charge  of  the  Public  Works  Depart- 
ment. 

A:^  injeh.  An  expression  used  as  a  pronoun  of 
the  second  person  in  respectfully  addressing 
one's  elders ;  Kl. 


\ 


M' 


Cr4^ 


anjU  or  illjlL  (Arab,  anjil.)  The  Gospel. 
Kitdb  injil:  the  New  Testament.  Injil  Lukas: 
the  Gospel  according  to  St.  Luke ;  Ht,  Abd., 
137,  164,  188. 

anjiman.  Eng.  An  East  Indiaman  ;  a  large 
transport  or  trading  vessel  belonging  to  the 
East  India  Company.     Also  angjiman, 

Kapal  anjiman  dan  Eropah 
Lalu  singgah   ka-Surabaya; 

Jangan  abang  sangat   bersutnpah, 
Bukan-nya  sehaya  tidak  perchaya : 

an    Indiaman    from    Europe    sailed    on   and 
touched  at  Surabaya ;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  4. 


A\ 


C-c^     finchut.     ^nchang-enchut :   awry ;  see  enchang. 


inchit.  Departure;  exit;  to  quit;  to  clear 
out — generally  used  as  a  somewhat  rude 
imperative  to  an  intruder  or  enemy.  Orang 
muda  inchit'inchit  takut  kena  semu :  young  man, 
depart,  depart ;  beware  lest  you  be  deceived ; 
Ht.  Ahm.  Md.,  64.  Suroh  raja  kamu  itu  inchit 
dari  n^geri  ini :  order  that  king  of  yours  to 
quit  this  country;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Also 
hinchit. 


INCHUT 


[    45     ] 


£nche' 


.z^' 

f 


Jf' 


J^ 


& 


inchut.  A  slight  change  of  position— as  when 
a  book  is  turned  over  and  twisted  round  while 
still  generally  retaining  its  place  relative  to 
surrounding  objects;  a  change  of  attitude 
rather  than  of  situation ;  a  slight  movement — 
as  when  a  number  of  people  on  a  bench 
make  room  for  another;  a  readjustment  or 
rearrangement  rather  than  a  complete 
redistribution  of  places. 

Inchang 'inchut :  awry.     V,  enchmig,  III. 

unchat.     Lifting  and  lowering. 

Mengunchat-unchat :  to  raise  and  lower  a 
dead  bait  in  fishing  with  a  rod,  cf.  tmjun ;  to 
raise  and  lower  a  nipah  leaf  so  as  to  frighten 
fish  and  drive  them  in  a  certain  direction ; 
cf.  oja, 

unchit.  Unchang-unchit :  by  fits  and  starts; 
driblets;  instalments;  small  quantities  at  a 
time;  at  intervals, 

Bayar  u, :  payment  by  instalments. 

anchar.  Jav.  The  upas  or  poison  tree  of 
Java ;  antiaris  toxicaria. 

encher.  Watery ;  containing  a  large  propor- 
tion of  liquid — used  of  viscous  substances. 
Cf.  chayev  and  lecher. 


jf' 


ji-"    inchar.     A  drill  bore. 


anchong.  A  glazed  earthenware  pot  or  jar 
with  an  overlapping  cover. 

Snchang.  I.  Mengmchang:  to  weld  or 
fasten  tightly  together ;  to  hammer  together. 
Cf.  kenchang. 

Also  henchang. 

II.  Snchang-enchang :  continuous  jumping 
up  and  down — an  expression  applied  espe- 
cially to  a  punishment  for  naughty  children 
who  are  made  to  hold  the  right  ear  with  the 
left  hand  and  the  left  ear  with  the  right  hand 
and  then  jump  up  and  down  till  permitted  to 
stop. 

Also  henchang  and  enchal, 

III.  £nchang-enchok  and  enchang-enchut : 
crooked;  awry;  C.  and  S. ;  =  inchang-inchui. 
Kl. 


inchang.    Imhang-inchnt . 
and  enchang  III. 


awry ; 


V. 


inchtit 


imchang.  L  A  kind  of  money-bag  or 
travelling-bag  for  valuables;  a  purse  rather 
larger  than  a  kekandi;  a  case  for  the  spurs  of 
a  fighting-cock. 

IL     Unchang-unchit:  by  instalments ;  by  fits 
and  starts ;  by  driblets ;  see  unchit. 


^' 


of' 


^' 


anchak.  A  basket  for  offerings  to  evil  spirits. 
It  is  generally  a  shallow,  loosely-plaited 
basket,  and  is  either  hung  from  a  tree  (anchak 
bingkas)  if  the  offerings  are  intended  for  wood 
demons,  or  buried  in  the  ground  (anchak 
lunas  )  if  the  hantu  tanah  are  to  be  conciliated. 
C.  and  S.  give  anchak  pelunus,  which  may  be 
an  equivalent  of  the  second  term  given  above. 
The  word  anchak  is  Dayak  for  basket ;  but  the 
practice  of  making  these  offerings  is  in  force 
among  the  Siamese  of  the  north  of  the  Malay 
Peninsula,  and  both  the  forms  a,  bingkas  and 
a.  lunas  have  Siamese  equivalents.  The  offer- 
ings are  of  the  nature  of  food. 

Buwangkan  anchak  perjamu  hantu^ 

Serba  jinis  makanan-nya  itu  : 
give  away  an  anchak  to  propitiate  the  spirits  ; 
let  all  sorts  of  food  be  included  in  it ;  (  from 
a  Pantun). 

anchok.     The  pairing  of  animals.     The  word 

is  also  used  (coarsely)  of  sexual  connection 
generally ;  cf.  ayoL 

Snchek.  An  honorific  appellation  for  men  of 
respectable  birth  ;  see  i^^^* . 

anchal.     To  pretend  ;  C.  and  S. 

SnchaL  I.  jUmhal-enchal :  jumping  a 
naughty  child  up  and  down  by  pulling  his  ears ; 
also  enchang-enchang  and  henchaUhenchal ; 
v.  enchang ,  II, 

II.  (  Selangor. )  ^nchal-enchal :  of  little 
account  or  importance ;  an  equivalent  of  alang 
kepalang. 

inchil  or  encheL  Hair  ornaments;  KL,  Ht. 
Sh. ;  also  injily  q.  v. 

anchu.  I.  A  large  navigable  raft  of  bamboo ; 
also  lanchor,  q.  v. 

II.  The  crossbeams  to  which  the  loose 
strips  of  nibong  forming  a  Malay  flooring  are 
attached. 

unchui.     [Chin,  hun-chhui.]     A  tobacco  pipe. 

anchai.  I.  Letting  go;  loosening  the  hold. 
A  nchai-anchaikan :  to  let  go. 

II.  Broken,  shivered  to  pieces ;  irreparably 
smashed;  KL,  Pijn. 

finche'.  A  word  used  as  a  respectful  mode  of 
address  for  Malays  of  good  birth  but  not 
entitled  to  any  distinctive  title.  It  is  also 
used  as  a  honorific  before  the  names  of  such 
persons.  The  form  che'  is  more  commonly 
used  in  this  latter  sense.  Birbehasa  dengan 
orang,  enche'  dengan  enche\  tuwan  dengan 
tuwan:  he  observed  the  rules  of  politeness, 
addressing  as  inche'  those  who  had  a  claim  to 
be  so  addressed  and  as  tuwan  those  who  had 
a  right  to  the  title;  Ht.  Abd.,  86. 


INCHI 


[    46    ] 


ENDONG 


x\ 


inchi.     Eng.     An  inch  ;  Ht.  Ahm.  Md.,  70. 

anakhoda.     [  Pers.  U^-l;  .]     a  captain  of  a 

Persian  or  Arab  trading  ship;  more  usually 
nakhoda,  q.  v. 

anda.  Skr.  The  musk  glands  or  receptacles 
of  musk  in  the  civet  cat ;  musk.  A,  miisang : 
id. ;  but  the  word  is  also  applied  to  a  rough 
coop  for  keeping  civet  cats ;  cf.  sangkar  mii- 
sang, which  is  a  rather  more  elaborate  coop. 

Anda  seturi :  a  sweetmeat ;  an  equivalent  of 
anda  kestnri. 


JcA    onda.     Mother ;  a  variant  of  bonda,  q. 


JU 


J 


x\ 


Sndala.  A  tree  (unidentified).  Ada  berdiri 
di'bawah  endala  biiwah-nya  sedang  inerekah  :  he 
was  standing  below  an  endala  tree,  the  fruit 
of  which  was  bursting  with  ripeness;  Ht. 
Perb.  Jay. 

andar.      [Arab,  j^  .]      Matt    andar :    (Riau, 

Johor)  death  without  outward  and  visible 
cause ;  death  by  murder  when  the  murderers 
are  never  found  or  brought  to  justice ;  also 
(Selangor)  matt  modar, 

J"^^    andor.     A  buffalo  sleigh  ;  also  anor. 

j-^»5    indar.     Movement  round  ;  better  idar,  q.  v. 


J 


m\ 


\jX\ 


undor.  Motion  backwards ;  retreat ;  with- 
drawal.    UndoT'lah  aku  :  I  withdrew. 

Undor kan  and  mengundorkan :  to  cause  to 
recede  or  retire  ;  to  force  to  withdraw ;  to  send 
away ;  to  dismiss. 

Mengtmdor  and  mtmdor  (Sh.  Panj.  Sg.) :  to 
withdraw ;  to  retreat.     Bertmdor  :  id. 

Kain  puteh  koyak  di-tengah 

Pakaiyan  anak  dato'  Penghuhi; 

Kalau  berkaseh  jadi  fitnah, 

Baik'lah  sehaya  bertmdor  dahulu : 

if  to  love  is  to  incur  betrayal,  it  were  well 
that  I  withdraw  in  time. 

indfira.  I.  [Skr.  indra.]  The  name  of  a 
great  Indian  divinity  ;  Indra ;  the  god  of  the 
clouds  and  rain — whence  the  name  of  a  class 
of  inferior  divinities,  inhabitants  of  Indra's 
heaven ;  a  royal  title ;  lordship ;  royal.  Be- 
tar  a  Indera  :  the  god  Indra.  Dewa  mambang 
indira  chendera :  dewas,  mambangs,  indras 
and  chandras — classes  of  inferior  divinities; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  24.  The  name  indera  chendera 
is  also  applied  to  pages  about  a  Malay  palace. 
Saperti  Ranjtma  indera  keyangan  :  like  Arjuna, 
a  lord  of  heaven ;  Ht.  Sh.  SapMi  Betara 
Mahabisnu  indera  keyangan :  like  the  Batara, 
the  great  Vishnu,  king  of  heaven;  Ht.  Sh. 
Tuwan  puteri  p^rmaisuri  indera :  the  queen ; 
Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  25.  Mahkota  indera :  the  royal 
crown  ;  the  crown  of  sovereignty — a  figure  of 


j\ 


lT 


Jj\ 


iSj^-^' 


js\ 


speech  for  the  king ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  33 ;  Sh,  A. 
R.  S.  J.,  8.  Jempana  indera:  a  royal  litter; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Kapitan  Portugal  indera :  the 
royal  commissioner  administering  government 
over  the  Portuguese ;  Ht.  Koris. 

/.  bayu  :  a  strong  wind ;  a  gale. 

/.  bongsu :  the  title  of  a  minister  next  in  rank 
to  the  temenggong ;  Kl. 

/.  girt:  the  name  of  an  important  Malay 
state  in  Sumatra  (East  coast). 

/.  laksana :  the  name  of  a  shrub. 

/.  piira  :  the  name  of  a  town  on  the  West 
coast  of  Sumatra. 

Keinderaan  (Cr.  Gr.,  33 ;  Ht.  Sg,  Samb.)  and 
keyangan  i,  (Bint.  Tim.,  16  Jan,,  1895)  :  the 
heaven  of  Indra. 

Mengindera :  royal;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  9. 

Pidau  i, :  a  name  for  Riau ;  Sh.  Nasih.,  18. 

Seri  indera  pur  a  :  a  name  for  Siak. 

II.  Pancha  indera:  the  five  senses — sight, 
smell,  touch,  hearing  and  taste ;  see  the  Ht. 
Ism.  Yat.,  160,  et.  seq. 

III.  Keindera  and  keinderaan:  a  steed;  a 
.mount.  Common  corrupted  forms  of  the 
words    kendara   and    kendaraan,   respectively. 

Mengindera'i :  to  ride ;  =  mengendarai,  v. 
Mndara. 


3j-^^    anddrak  or  andSrik.     A  pitfall  for  catching 
elephants;  Ht.  Raj,  Pas. 

j^-^1    andas.     A  block  with  a  flat  surface,  used  to 


?x\ 


t 


i.\ 


increase  the  effect  of  a  blow.     Cf.  landas, 

6ndas.  Jav.  The  head.  Mengendas :  to 
dash  (somebody's)  head  against  a  stone.  Cf. 
andas. 

andaseturi.  [Skr,  v.  aitda  and  kesturi,]  The 
name  of  a  sweet  made  by  enfolding  in  pastry 
the  scraped  pulp  of  a  coco-nut  mixed  with 
sugar  and  fried  in  a  pan.  Also  called  (Kedah) 
ga7tdaseturi, 

andang.     I.     A  kind  of  torch  of  dry  leaves. 

IL     A  spot;  a  birth-mark;  C.  and  S. 

III.  Andang-andang :  the  yards  of  a  ship 
or  boat.  Menghinggap  di-atas  andang-andang 
kapal :  to  perch  upon  the  yards  of  a  ship, — 
of  a  bird  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  126. 

andoixg.  The  draccena  of  gardens,  cordyline 
terminalis.  A .  hijau  and  a,  merah :  varieties  of 
this  flower. 


p Ju\  Sndong.     Commiseration  ;  consolation — used 

^  only  of  soothing  children. 

PJJi  endong.    The  cocoon  of  a  silk-worm;  C.andS. 

^  [indong  ?  ] 


INDANG 


[    47    ] 


endIslas 


t 


Ju\ 


5-Jj\ 


pjj\ 


t 


indaxig.  A  sidelong  shake  or  jerk  in  win- 
nowing padi  or  in  working  with  a  small  pestle 
and  mortar,  the  objectof  this  jerk  (in  conjunc- 
tion with  the  winnowing  motion )  being  to 
separate  light  and  heavy  particles  or  grains. 


indong.  Mother;  Ht,  Hg.  Tuw.,  15.  The 
word  is  somewhat  rare  in  this  literal  sense, 
but  is  common  in  the  figurative  expression : 
indong  mutiyara :  mother-of-pearl ;  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  100  ;  cf.  also  endong. 


inding.     Watching  anything ;  keeping  an  eye 
on  anything,  as  an  inquisitive  child. 


9'JJ\    undang.      I.       Undang-imdang :   laws,    ordi- 
^  nances  ;  written  or  codified  as  distinct  from 

customary  law  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  86. 

n.     Undang-undang :   the  window  (tingkap) 
of  the  sleeping  chamber. 


v-3-XA  6ndap.  I.  Crouching — especially  for  spy- 
ing ;  the  attitude  of  a  man  who  watches  others 
while  keeping  his  body  concealed  by  crouching 
down  ;  lurking.  Mengendap  :  to  spy,  to  lurk. 
Terlihat  uleh  isteri-nya  kaki  suwami-nya  men- 
gendap diya  itn  :  the  wife  noticed  her  husband's 
feet  as  he  crouched  watching  her ;  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  224.  Terendap-endap  dan  mengmtai- 
ngintai :  crouching  and  peeping;  Ht.  Gh, 

II.  Endap-endap :  a  hantti  jadi-jadtyan,  (v. 
jadi)  i,e,,  a  spirit,  man  or  animal,  into  which 
some  other  being  has  been  supernaturally 
transformed. 


:  Jj\  andak.  I.  A  name  often  given  to  one  of  the 
younger  children  (fourth  or  fifth)  in  a  family ; 
an  equivalent  of  pandak,  short. 

Mengandakkan  layar :  to  reef  a  sail. 


II.     Andak-andak , 
kadang;  Kl. 


sometimes ;    =    kadang- 


; Jj\  andok.  Support  by  means  of  a  sling ;  better 
andoh,  q.  v. 

j3^^    Sndak.     Wish,  will;  usually  hendak,  q.  v. 

ix\  gndok.  A  pet  name  or  familiar  appellation 
applied  by  the  mistress  of  a  house  to  children 
and  dependents  other  than  paid  servants; 
also  (Kedah)  indok,  q.  v. 

;jj\  indek.  Leverage  by  pressure  with  the  foot; 
usually  hindek,  q.  v. 


jjAA    indok.       Mother,    cf.   indong,      I.    kerbau :    a 

milch-buffalo;    Pel.  Abd.,  6g.      /.    kunyet,   a 
variant  of  ibu  ktmyet,  a  medicinal  drug. 

Perindo^an    or    perindnn :   all    one   mother's 
children  ;  family  ;  a  brood  ;  a  hatch  ;  cf.  endok. 


3"^*^    undak.     Mmgundak :  not  to  make  headway, 

as  a  ship  trying  to  beat  against  a  contrary 
wind.  Pengimdak  :  obstructive ;  laut  pengim- 
dak :  a  choppy  sea  with  contrary  winds. 

:Jo\    undok.     I.     Undok-undok:  the  "sea  horse"; 
a  kind  of  fish. 

II.  Undok-andal :  in  swift  succession — of 
work. 

\jj\    andal.     I.     Undok-andal:  in  swift  succession 
^  — of  work. 

n.     Trusty,  reliable;  v.  handal, 

\jj\    andul.     (Kawi.)     A  flowering  creeper;  Kl. 

j)-XJ\    gndal.     1.     Crushing  in,  stuffing  in  ;  an  equi- 
valent of  asak,  q.  v. 

1 1 .  Mengendal :  to  walk  with  head  and 
shoulders  back  and  breast  and  stomach 
forward. 


j-^i 


y^ 


endel.  A  peculiar  gesture  in  dancing ;  a  sweep 
of  the  right  arm  suggesting  that  something 
is  being  thrown  away.  Membuwang  endel :  to 
give  this  sweep  of  the  arm. 

Also  hendel.     Cf.  limbai,  lambai  and  tari. 


§ndul.  A  sling  support ;  a  hammock,  a  cradle 
swung  from  the  roof;  a  sling  for  an  injured 
arm.  Kain  endul  tangan :  a  sling  (in  the  last 
sense).  Di-gantong atas  endul-nya ya^m  buwai- 
nya :  to  be  hung  on  the  hammock,  that  is  to 
say,  the  swinging-cradle;  Muj.,  78.  lya  pun 
imdor-lah  berselindong  di-balek  endul :  he  with- 
drew and  hid  himself  behind  the  cradle ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb. 

Naik  endul  jangan  di-ayun, 
Takut  putus  tali  pengubong  ; 

Lembu  dogol  jangan  di-balun, 

Kalau  di-tandok  jatoh  terjerongkong : 

when  you  get  into  the  hammock  do  not  swing 
it  for  fear  its  fastenings  break  ;  when  a  bullock 
is  hornless  do  not  whip  it ;  should  it  butt  you, 
you  will  be  flung  on  your  back. 


\  Ju\    undil.     A  money-box  ;  also  pBH  niati. 
Jjj\    gndSlas.     A  harmless  snake  (unidentified). 


ANDAM 


[    48    ] 


UNDI 


andaxn.  Pers,  Dressing  the  hair  above  the 
forehead;  shaving  the  edge  of  the  hair  or 
beard  so  as  to  make  it  follow  a  regular  curve 
or  line.  The  word  is  especially  applied  to  the 
peculiar  arrangement  of  the  bride's  hair  over 
her  forehead.  Bagai  anak  dara  mabok  andam :  • 
like  a  maiden  overcome  by  the  dressing  of  her 
hair;  a  proverbial  expression  which  may  be 
interpreted  as  a  maiden  suffused  in  blushes, 
or,  in  an  uncomplimentary  sense,  as  a  maiden 
too  eager  to  be  married.  Ambil  penyukor  yang 
tajam  andam  janggut  saudagar  itii :  take  a  sharp 
razor  and  dress  the  beard  of  that  merchant ; 
Ht,  Mar.  Mah.  Dahi-nya  rata  bagai  berandam : 
her  eyebrows  were  as  regular  as  if  their  edges 
had  been  shaved ;  Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  17. 

Berandam  sural :  shaved  (along  the  edge)  and 
dressed  (of  the  toilet  of  a  bride  or  bridegroom). 
Simggoh-pun  iya  beristeri  banyak  belmn  pivnah 
berandam  surai  iya  beristerikan  adinda  baginda 
permaisuri  indera  itu  beharu-lah  iya  hendak 
berandam  surai  karena  siidah  sampai  saperti 
k^hendak-nya :  although  he  has  been  often 
married  his  hair  has  never  been  dressed 
as  that  of  a  bridegroom,  but  now  that  he  is 
marrying  Her  Majesty  the  principal  queen  he 
wishes  his  hair  formally  dressed,  since  he  has 
attained  the  fulfilment  of  his  wishes ;  Ht. 
Koris. 


mJo\    andom.       The    name 
Panch.,  35. 


of    a    bird ;    also    f^ , 


%  Jj\    andan.     Albino  w^hite  ;  see  balar  and  sabtm, 

,jjj\  andon.  Jav.  Mengandon  perang :  to  go  to 
war ;  better  mengadu  perang,  v.  adti, 

jjJui  undan.  I.  Burong  imdan:  a  large  white 
bird,  pelecanus  malaccensis ;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J., 
14;  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  10,  12. 

II.  Berundan :  to  protract  anything,  to 
linger  long  over  anything.  Berundan  dalam 
ayer :  to  be  long  in  the  water,  as  a  boy  who 
remains  in  the  water  for  pleasure  after  he  has 
been  in  long  enough  for  cleanliness. 

Berundan  is  also  used  of  things  forming  a 
long  chain  or  being  drawn  one  after  the  other, 
as  a  procession  of  lighters  in  tow  of  a  steam 
tug ;  cf.  tunda. 

III.  Undan-undan  :  a  sort  of  projecting  post 
against  which  a  coppersmith  presses  a  brazen 
pot  when  working  at  it. 


aX\    indu.     Hindoo,  Indian. 
A\aJJ\    andawali.     A  plant,  cissus  capillosa. 
jVaJj\    andoman.     V.  hanoman  and  doman. 


oJj\  andoh.  Support  by  means  of  a  sling;  sus- 
pension or  restraint  by  a  cord  passing  under 
or  behind  the  object  to  be  guarded.  A, 
Mrbau :  the  cords  fastening  a  buffalo  to  a 
heavy  block  of  wood  so  as  to  prevent  its 
running  away.  Andohan  sekochi:  the  ropes 
suspending  a  boat  from  the  davits. 

Tali  andoh :  the  ropes  securing  a  gun-carriage. 

Andohkan  kajang :  to  support  a  kajang  roof 
or  awning  by  passing  a  string  under  its  ridge 
in  lieu  of  a  ridge-pole. 

Andoh  is  sometimes  used  (Riau,  Johor)  of 
carrying  in  a  sarong  slung  over  the  back  so 
as  to  form  a  sort  of  sling  or  support. 

oJj\  endah.  Beauty;  worth;  fairness;  attractive- 
ness ;  importance.  Pakaiyan  yang  endah 
endah :  beautiful  clothes.  Endah  khabar  dart 
rupa  :  its  description  is  fairer  than  its  appear- 
ance ;  things  do  not  come  up  to  expectations ; 
Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  114,  432. 

Kalau  tuwan  pergi  ka-Kedah 
Singgah  mandi  dalam  pay  a ; 

Berapa  kuwat  berapa  gagah 
Apa  endah  kapada  sehaya  : 

whatever  his  strength,  whatever  his  valour, 
of  what  importance  are  they  to  me  ? 

Endahkan,  mengendah  and  mengendahkan :  to 
consider  ( anything )  important ;  to  attach 
importance  to ;  to  care  about.  Tiyada  juga 
adinda  itu  endahkan  diya  melainkan  tuwanku 
juga  di-mata-mata-nya :  the  princess,  your  love, 
cares  nought  for  him  (her  husband);  it  is 
Your  Highness  who  is  ever  before  her  eyes ; 
Ht.  Sg,  Samb.  Sakaliyan  itu  tiyada  ku  endah- 
kan :  I  paid  no  attention  to  any  of  those 
things ;  Ht.  Abd.,  146. 


45Jj\    andai.     I.     Andai-ny a :  possibly 


.jj\ 


r^\ 


ondeh.     Ondeh-ondeh:  a 
onde. 


sweetmeat ;  see  s.  v. 


II.  A  ndai-andai :  a  plant ;  grewia  oblongifolia, 
Kl. 

III.  (Nautical.)     The  hook  to  which  the 
sheet  is  attached. 

IV.  Friend ;  better  handai,  q.  v. 

onde.  Jav.  Onde-onde  or  ondeh-ondeh ;  a 
sweetmeat;  sweetened  lumps  of  dough  (tepong 
pulut )  rolled  in  coco-nut  scrapings. 

Onde-oftde,  buwah  melaka^ 
Luwar  tepong,  dalam  gula  : 

the  onde-onde  and  the  buwah  melaka  (names 
of  sweets)  are  dough  outside  and  sugar 
within  (from  a  Pantun). 

Uildi.  Lot.  Jikalau  undi  iya  membunoh  orang  : 
if  it  fell  to  his  lot  to  kill  a  man ;  Ht.  Abd., 
121. 

Bunga  u, :    lot,   die  to   determine   chances. 

Buwah  u. :  die,  dice. 


ANDEKA 


[     49     ] 


ANAK 


»-3vj. 


AJ\  andeka  or  andika.  Descent,  hereditary 
dignity.  Sa-andika:  of  similar  birth,  of  equal 
rank.  Kena  andika  Dato'  Penglmlu  :  to  incur 
the  divine  vengeance  attendant  on  any  out- 
rage to  hereditary  rank.  Cf.  di-timpa  daidat ; 
datdat  used  of  rajas  only,  and  andika  of  orang 
besar-besar. 

Andika  is  also  used  as  a  mere  title,  its  special 
significance  being  lost,  and  as  a  form  of 
address  to  the  nobly  born.  A .  maharaja  :  the 
title  of  the  head  of  a  sukti  or  tribe  in  Malacca  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  399.  Singa  raja  andika:  the  lion, 
the  noble  king ;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  7.  Mana 
Utah  andika  penera  patek  junjong :  what  our 
lord  tells  us,  we  will  carry  out ;  what  you 
command,  we,  your  servants,  obey ;  Ht. 
Perb.  Jaya. 

\  anor.  A  buffalo  sleigh ;  a  light  framework 
(without  wheels)  drawn  by  a  buffalo  and  used 
for  conveying  grain  over  the  padi  fields.  Also 
andor. 


«i\    anang.     A  vocative  form    of  the  word  ancik, 
^       q.  V,  ;   my  child. 


^ 


i^\    insang.     The  gills  of  a  fish  ;  also  ingsang 
CI  isang^  q.  v. 


and 


/^UMi\  msan.  Arab.  Man ;  mortal  man,  when 
spoken  of  in  contradistinction  to  a  jin  or  peri 
or  other  being  of  a  less  perishable  order.  Hai 
insdn  :  Oh,  mortal !  ( used  by  a  raksasa  to  a 
man);  Ht.  Sh.  Mard.  Hanya-lah  insdn  elok 
di-mata :  only  a  mortal  man  is  pleasing  in  her 
(a  fairy's)  eyes;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  75.  Hai 
raksasa f  bnkakan  pinttt ;  insdn  hendak  lain  :  Oh, 
spirit  of  evil,  open  thou  the  gate,  a  man 
wishes  to  enter,  (from  an  incantation). 
Beharu-lah  insdn  menjadi  jatihar :  then  first  is 
man  formed  in  the  embryo;  Sh.  I.M.P.,  3. 

juj\    insani.      Arab.      Human,    relating    to    man. 
-  ^Ilmti  insdni :  the  doctrine  regarding  genera- 

tion ;  embryology;  Sh.  I.M.P.,  15. 

j^\    ansor.      Progress    by    short    stages ;     better 
angsor^  q.  v. 


YJ\    ensel.       [  Dutch  :    hengsel.  ]      A  hinge ;    also 
^  engseL 

\jj\    insha.     Arab.     InshdHlah:  if  God  wills;  God  i 
willing;  please  God;  Ht.  Abd.,  146.  I 

I 
^uai\    ansar.       [Arab. ;  plural  of  ^^wzi.  J       Helpers; 
the  Prophet's  principal  friends  and  disciples. 

^Ua>\    insaf.      Arab.      Justice,     equity,     sympathy. 

*  Adil  insaf:  justice  and  equity.  Insdf4ah 
hati'ku  sebab  melihatkan  Ml  demikiyan  iUi :  my 
heart  bled  to  see  such  a  state  of  things;  Ht. 
Abd.,  90. 

Insdfkan  :  to  meditate ;    to  think  upon  ;    Ht. 
Abd.,  96;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  4. 


j6\    aning.     Aning-aning:    a  large  kind  of  wasp, 
^       green,    very   venomous    and   bigger   than     a 
hornet.     Cf.  naning,  which  is  not  identical. 


f 


\ni\    in*§jn.     Arab.     Favour,  benefit. 


^\    fining.     Clearness,  limpidity  ;  more  commonly 
^       hening,  q.  v. 

^\    enong.     I.     A  title  ;    a  low  grade  of  princely 
^       rank  ;  usually  nong,  q.  v. 

H.     A  variant  of  anang  :  ''  my  child." 
(j*^^    anfas.     Arab.     Valuable,  precious. 

^\  anak.  Offspring ;  issue  ;  a  child  ;  the  young 
— of  an  animal ;  the  natives — of  a  place  ;  the 
relationship  of  a  component  part  to  the  whole, 
or  of  an  accessory  to  the  principal  object. 

Kechil'kechil  anak  harimau :  though  small, 
yet  the  cub  of  a  tiger ;  though  young,  he  will 
grow  into  something  great;  Prov.,  J.S.A.S., 
n.,  149.  Kechek  anak  Melaka ;  buwal  anak 
Menangkahau;  tipii  anak  Rembau ;  bida^ah  anak 
Terengganu  ;  sombong  anak  Pahang :  wheedlers 
are  the  men  of  Malacca,  exaggerators  those  of 
Menangkabau  ;  cheats  those  of  Rembau  ;  liars 
those  of  Trengganu ;  arrogant  those  of 
Pahang;  Prov.,  J.S.A.S.,  XXIV.,  115. 

A  nak  kunchi  jahat,  peti  dcrhaka  :  if  the  key  is 
bad,  the  box  turns  traitor ;  if  the  husband  is 
bad  the  wife  is  unfaithful ;  Prov.,  C.  and  S. 
Tatang  di-anak  lidah :  to  support  on  the 
uvula ;  a  practical  impossibility,  Prov.  Say- 
ang  anak  badak  tampong  chuchu  knnnn  badak 
raya  :  it  is  unfortunate  that  the  child  should 
be  a  tapir,  and  tlie  grandchild  a  royal  rhino- 
ceros ;  a  proverbial  expression  reflecting  on 
any  one's  paternity. 

A .  kuda  bidu  kasap :  literally,  a  colt  with  a 
rough  coat,  but  really  an  equivalent  for  the 
expression  :  modal  laba  semnwa  resap  :  capital, 
profits,  all  is  lost. 

A.  anakan  :  a  puppet ;  an  image. 

A,  angkat :  a  child  by  adoption. 

A ,  anjing :  ( i )  a  puppy  ;  ( 2  )  the  lower  part 
of  the  muscle  of  the  calf. 

A ,  ayam  :  ( i )  a  musical  instrument ;  (  2  ) 
a  chicken. 

A  .  ayer  :  a  brook  ;  a  rivulet. 

A.  banderek  :  ( Jav. )  a  bastard. 

A .  bini :  family  ;  wife  and  family. 

A .  buwah :  the  people  under  the  charge  of  a 
Malay  chief  when  spoken  of  in  relation  to  him  ; 
also  children  in  general. 

A,  buwangan  :  a  foundling;  a  child  aban- 
doned by  his  parents ;  a  term  of  reproach  ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

A,  chuchu:  descendants. 

A .  dagang :  a  foreigner. 

A .  dara  :  a  maiden. 


ANAK 


[    50    ] 


A.dayong:  a  rower;  an   oarsman. 

A.  galoh  :  ( Jav. )  a  princess. 

A.gampang:  an  illegitimate  child  of  doubt- 
ful paternity. 

A .  gara  or  a,  gehara :  a  legitimate  child ; 
Sej.  MaL,  69,  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

A .  genta  :  the  clapper  of  a  bell. 

A .  gobek  :  a  betel-nut  pounder. 

A,  gugor  :  a  miscarriage  ;  the  issue  of  a  mis- 
carriage. 

A .  gtda  :  syrup. 

A .  gundek  :  a  son  by  a  secondary  wife. 

A,  haram  :  an  illegitimate  child.  | 

A .  inang :  a  foster-child  ;  Cr. 

A .  jari :  a  finger. 

A ,  keliyan :  miners  paying  a  royalty  or  tax 
on  their  profits  to  the  mine-owner  and  not  in 
his  direct  employ. 

A.  kembar :  twins;  a  twin. 

A,  keti :  a  kind  of  ball  used  in  Malay  games  ; 
Ht.  Raj.  Kh.,  18. 

A .  kunchi  :  a  key. 

A,lidah:  the  uvula;  Muj.,  86,  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya,  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  14.  A.  lidah  tim- 
bangan  :  the  tongue  of  a  balance.     Cf.  a,  tekak. 

A .  mas  :  a  child  born  in  slavery  ;  a  slave  by 
birth. 

A .  mata  :  the  image  reflected  in  the  pupil  of 
the  eye. 

A .  meja  :  a  drawer  in  a  table  ;  also  lachi. 

A.  murid :  a  pupil;  Ht.  Abd.,  ig. 

A,  negeri :  a  native,  a  countryman — in  con- 
tradistinction to  a  foreigner  (a,  dagang), 

A.orang:  other  people's  children — in  con- 
tradistinction to  one's  own  ;  a  girl  other  than 
a  relation. 

Pura  ptira  menchari  ayani^ 
Ekor  mata-nya  di-anak  orang  : 

he  pretends  to  be  looking  for  fowls,  but  the 
corner  of  his  eye  is  on  the  girls. 

A .  panah  :  an  arrow. 

A.perahti:  a  sailor;  Ht.  Si  Misk.,  55. 

A .  pinak  :  descendants,  family. 

A .  pimgut :  a  foundling. 

A,  raja  :  a  prince. 

A ,  rambut :  the  hair  over  the  forehead ;  the 
fringe  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Sh.  Bid.,  20.  See  also 
infra ;  rambut  a.  kundai, 

A .  roda  :  a  spoke  of  a  wheel. 

A.sulong:  the  first-born. 

A .  sumbang  :  a  child  of  incest. 

A,  stingai  :  a  small  tributary  stream. 

A ,  tangga :  the  step  of  a  ladder  or  stair. 

A .  tekak  :  the  uvula. 

A ,  telinga :  the  external  gristly  part  of  the 
ear. 

A.  terona:  an  unmarried  youth.     V.  terona. 

A ,  tiri  :  a  step-child. 


£nal 


A .  tunggal :  an  only  child. 
Membtiwang  a, :  to  procure  abortion. 
Pagar  a, :    the  palissading  leading  up  to  a 
keddah  or  elephant  corral. 

Rambut  a.  kundai  :  a  fringe  of  short  hair  over 
the  forehead. 

Beranak  :  to  be  possessed  of  a  child ;  to  bear 
a  child.  Upah  beranak  (also  ti^pah  bidan)  :  the 
midwife's  fee  for  a  confinement. 

Beranak  berbini  di-Melaka :  to  settle  at 
Malacca ;  to  marry  and  found  a  family  there. 

Beranakkan  :  =  beranak  akan, 

Memperanakkan  :  to  beget.  Lain  orang  yang 
memperanakkan  maka  lain  orang  di-panggil  bapa  : 
one  man  begets  him,  another  is  called  his 
father. 

Penganak  :  a  sort  of  drum. 

Peranakkan :       native-born.  Peranakkan 

Pahang :  native  of  Pahang.  Peranak  :  id. ; 
Sh.  Dag.,  14. 

J  ami  peranakkan  :  Malay  by  place  of  birth  (as 
distinct  from  Malays  by  race) — the  name  by 
which  Indian  Muhammadans  born  in  the 
Straits  speak  of  themselves  ;  v.  also  jawi  pekan. 

Pinak,  piyanak,  and  nianakan  (Sh.  Pang.  Sg.)  : 
descendants. 

Cf.  anangj  anakda,  anakanda,  ananda,  kanak, 
sanak,  tiyan  and  pontiyanak, 

Jii\    anakda.     A  respectful  form  of  the  word  anak, 

q.  V. ;  one  who  is  well  born  ;  a  noble  child  ; 
Cr.  Gr.,  32. 

Also  anakanda  and  ananda. 

fu\  anakanda.  A  respectful  (and  sometimes 
endearing)  form  of  the  word  anak,  q.  v.,  one 
who  is  well  born,  a  noble  child. 

Anakanda  tuwan  puteri :  your  Highness's 
daughter,  the  princess.  Cf.  anakda,  adinda, 
ayahanda,  kakanda,  etc. 

inkiyad.     Arab.     Subjection,  allegiance. 

inkar.     Arab.     Denial,  to  deny ;  Panch.,  29 ; 
Sh.  Nasih.,  14. 

inkar  and  inMr.      [  Arab,  ^^\ .  ]      Denial ;  v. 

J^\^     Also^\. 

anugSraha,  and  anugSrah.  [  Skr.  anu- 
grahd,  ]  Favour ;  kindness — applied  to  a  gift 
made  by  a  raja  to  a  subject,  or  by  a  superior 
to  an  inferior,  or  to  the  mercies  of  God. 
Dengan  anugeraha  Allah:  by  the  mercy  of 
God. 

A  nugerahakan  or  menugerahakan :  to  bestow 
a  gift  on  (anyone);  Ht.  Abd.,  373,  465,  Sej. 
MaL,  9,  10,  Ht.  Ind.  Nata,  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  etc. 

Also  nugirahd. 
\A    final.     [  Dutch :  knah  ]     A  wad.     Also  naL 


INULANGAN 


[    51    ] 


UBAT 


cA^\ 


f' 


f' 


inulangan. 

Ht.  Koris. 


[  Kawi  ?  ]      A   flag   or   ensign  ; 


Anam.  Annam,  the  Annamite  country;  Ht. 
Abd.,  226. 

Snam.  Six.  Ke-enam :  all  six.  Yang  ke- 
enam :  the  sixth.  Berenam  :  with  five  others  ; 
making  six  in  all. 

Bintang  tujoh  tinggal  enam :  of  the  seven 
stars  but  six  remain. 

6nom.  Jav.  Young,  youthful;  a  compli- 
mentary epithet  in  romances  and  poetry. 
Bagus  enom :  handsome  and  young ;  Ht.  Sh. 
£nom  hijangga :  young  and  unmarried ;  Ht. 
Koris.  Di'iringkan  anak  niunUri  yang  enom- 
enom  sama  sa-baya :  followed  by  sons  of  high 
officers  of  state,  all  young  and  similar  in 
build ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

c>'    anun.     (Kedah.)     So-and-so;  v.  ami, 

•Axil    ananda.     A  respectful  and  endearing  form  of 
the  word  anak,  son ;  a  variant  of  anakanday  q.  v. 

J\  anu.  Such-and-such ;  so-and-so ;  certain,  in 
the  expression:  a** certain"  person.  Si-ami 
di-kampong  ami:  so-and-so,  of  such-and-such 
a  village ;  Ht.  Abd.,  157. 

In  formulae  where  the  name  of  the  person 
has  to  be  filled  in  by  the  person  using  the 
formula  anu  or  si-anu  is  used  where  we  should 
leave  a  blank  space;  tiyada  buleh  si-anu  ini 
sir  berahi  pada  laki-laki  yang  lain  :  nor  shall  it 
be  possible  for  [so-and-so]  to  fall  in  love 
with  any  other  man — ( from  a  do^d  pengaseh  or 
love  charm). 

In  Penang  and  Kedah,  anun,  denu,  and  deni 
are  used  with  the  meaning  '* so-and-so," 

J\    enau.     A  palm,  arenga  saccharifera.     Also  nau. 

A    anai.      Anai-anai:     the    white    ant;     termes. 

-  Busut  jtiga  di4imbun  anai-anai :  a  hillock  even 
can  be  heaped  up  by  white  ants — persever- 
ance can  effect  great  things;  Prov.,  J.S.A.S., 
III.,  25. 

A    ani.     A  technical  term  used  in  weaving ;  the 

-  arrangement  of  threads  upon  which  the 
pattern  depends.  Anak  a.,  belera  a.  and  tapak 
a. :  the  pegs,  the  lath,  and  the  blocks, 
respectively,  used  in  the  arrangement  of  the 
pattern.     Mengani :  to  arrange  the  pattern. 

j\j\    aniyaya.       [  Skr.     anydya,  ]        Oppression ; 
*    *        tyranny ;    injustice ;  cruelty  from  the  strong 
to  the  weak.     Kena  aniyaya  :  to  be  wronged. 

Aniyayakan,  menganiyaya,  menganiyayai  and 
menganiyayakan  :  to  injure  ;  to  oppress. 


l\    Snibong.     The  nibong  palm  ;  see  nibong. 


aneka,  [  Skr.  aneka,  ]  Kinds,  species.  Ber- 
bagai  aneka  :  of  various  kinds.  Serba  aneka : 
of  all  sorts; — often  pronounced  serba  neka. 
The  form  anega  also  occurs. 


;\ 


^ 


4J\ 


inikan.     A  contraction  or  variant  of  ini  akan  ; 
V.  ini  and  akan. 


anega.     [  Skr.  aneka.  ]     Kinds,  species,    Ht. 
Best.,  67  ;  see  s.  v.  aneka. 

finnyak.     Stamping    dow^n    with    the    feet; 

pounding  down.     Also  hennyak  and  rennyak, 
q.  V. 

finnyah.     Moving  off;  quitting;  rapid  depar- 
ture; *'beoff!"  '^go!"     Also  nyah. 

an.     An  exclamation. 


jr    av/a.     I.     Ava,  the  capital  of  Burma. 

II.  Pinang  awa :  betel- nut  prepared  by 
having  the  top  sliced  off  and  tne  rest  split 
into  four  portions  and   dried   in    the   sun ;  v. 

pinang. 

y  uwa.  A  form  of  tuwa  sometimes  occurring  in 
titles  and  terms  of  relationship.  Pa*  wa :  an 
uncle. 


^i 


,\    uba.     A  sago  vat. 


C-A^j 


ubat.  A  drug,  a  medicine,  a  chemical  com- 
pound ;  a  magical  potion,  philtre  or  mixture 
of  drugs.  C7.  chaching :  a  remedy  for  intestinal 
worms.  U.  sakit  kepala:  a  remedy  for  head- 
ache; Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  12. 

U.  bedil:  gunpowder.  U.  basah:  wet  gun- 
powder, Hes  that  won't  go  off ;  a  story  that 
will  not  go  down  ;  Prov.  U.  guna  :  a  love 
potion ;  a  philtre. 

Tukang  u. :  a  vendor  of  magical  simples ;  a 
druggist. 

Ubat-nbatan:  drugs  generally;  all  kinds  of 
drugs. 

Ubati:  to  apply  medicine;  to  bring  a  remedy, 
to  treat. 

Jika  lambat  tuwan  ubati, 
Tentu-lah  adinda  fand  dan  mati  : 

if  you  are  slow  about  bringing  the  remedy, 
then  surely  I,  your  love,  will  fade  away  and 
perish;    Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  76. 

Mengubat:  to  treat;  Ht.  Abd.,  303.  Mengu- 
bati:  id.  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  157,  211,  296;  Ht.,  Jay. 
Lengg. ;  Sh.  May.,  2;  Sh.  Dag.,  12. 

Pengubat:  a  cure,  a  remedy. 

Nobat   berbunyi  dinihari 

A  kan  penguin   Maharaja  peri ; 

Sharbat  di-minum  bukan-nya  khiyalt 
Sa-hingga  pengubat  hati  berahi: 

the  royal  drums  beat  at  break  of  day  to 
soothe  the  slumbers  of  the  prince  of  the  fairies ; 
the  wine  that  you  drink  is  not  intoxicating 
and  will  go  far  to  cure  the  love  sorrows  of 
your  heart:  Ht.  P.  J.  P.  [but  a  nearly  similar 
Pantun  taken  from  the  Ht.  Isma  Yatim  is 
given  by  Crawfurd] . 


OBOR 


[    52    ] 


OTAR 


Jd 


i\   obor. 


Jav.     A  torch. 


OtJ 


j^y    ubar.      Becoming     loose     spontaneously — as  j 

when  a  roll  of  cloth  slightly  opens  out  on  the  • 

retaining  pressure  being   removed ;  looseness,  j 

laxity  in  coils  or  folds.  I 

Benibar  haii  :  to  open  one's  heart ;  to  speak  i 

from  the  heart ;  Arabian  Nights,  330,  i 


j'.y  ubor.  A  descriptive  epithet  given  to  objects 
with  a  hanging  fringe  round  the  edge.  Ubor- 
ubor :  a  large  jelly-fish  with  a  domed  head  and 
a  short  fringe  (of  feelers  ? )  round  the  side  of 
this  dome-shaped  head,  Bajti  iibor  :  a  Malay 
baju  or  jacket  with  a  sort  of  collar  or  neck- 
piece hanging  over  it  from  the  neck  aperture  ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Payong  ubor-ubor  :  a  state 
umbrella  with  a  short  hanging  fringe  of  tas- 
sels all  round  it ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.,  Ht.  Gh.,  Ht. 
Bakht.,  14. 

Burong   tiyongy    bulu   bertabor, 

Hinggap  di  jtintat  kemiming  berdahan ; 

Ttiwan   hnpama  pciyong   ubor-tibor 
Bertimbai-nnnbai   iram   kekimingan  : 

you,  sir,  are  like  a  state  umbrella,  (gorgeous) 
with  its  fringe  of  yellow  tassels. 


jOy  Ubang.  Mengubang:  to  cut  a  rough  curved 
^  groove  in  a  log  at  a  point  where  another  log  is 
to  lie  across  it,  the  cutting  being  intended  to 
allow  the  two  logs  to  be  fitted  together.  If 
the  cutting  is  angular,  it  is  called  takok ;  cf. 
also  kukti  bajang, 

jOa\    ubong.       Union,    conjunction ;  more   usually 
^         htibongy  q.  v. 

\jA    obel.     Meat   stewed   so  long  that  the  liquid 
^^"^       is  lost  by  evaporation. 


*^ft\  uban»  Grey — of  the  hair  of  the  head;  the 
*^  loss  of  colour  in  the  hair  through  age.  Ram- 
but-nya  sudah  puteh  uleh  uban:  his  hair  was 
white  with  years;  Ht.  Si  Misk.,  84.  U,  tahi 
harimau :  the  colour  of  the  hair  when  there 
is  a  large  preponderance  of  either  white  or 
black.  Menahankan  u,  :  to  prevent  the  hair 
turning  grey  ;  Muj.,  50.  Pipit  u,  or  chiyak  u.: 
the  white-headed  munia,  amadina  maja, 

Beruban :  grey  ;  old  and  grey — applied  to  a 
man.  Dari  muda  sampai  beruban  :  from  youth 
to  grey  hairs;  from  youth  to  age;  Ht.  Ind. 
Nata.  Sampai  beruban,  serta  bong k ok :  till  one 
is  grey  and  bent  with  years;  Sh.  Ungg. 
Bers.,  4. 


,\  Ubin.  I.  Batu  ti,  :  a  floor-tile  ;  also  (in  the 
Straits )  hard  granitic  stone  used  in  metalling 
roads.     Cf.  jubin  and  rubin. 

II.     A  screw-driver,  Kl. 


jVj\  ubun.  Ubun-ubim :  the  crown  of  the  head ; 
the  fontanel.  Datang4ah  membawa  ayer  ma- 
war  dan  narawastu  ka-pada  ubun-ubun  Indera 
Lana  keduwa  laki  isteri :  they  came  bringing 
rosewater  and  spikenard  to  anoint  the  heads 
of  Indra  Lana  and  his  queen  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 
Ada  snwatn  ^aldmat  ka-pada  ubun-ubun-nya 
saperti  kandtl  yang  terpasang :  there  was  a  mark 
on  the  crown  of  his  head  resembling  a  lighted 
torch  ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 

^,jr  ubah.  Change  by  alteration  rather  than  by 
substitution;  modification;  cf.  iukar.  Tiya- 
da-lah  di-ubah-ubah  lagi  uleh  tuwan  F.,  akan  ^ddat 
dan  undang-undang :  Mr.  F.  made  no  further 
alterations  in  the  Common  or  in  the  Statute 
Law. 

Berubah  :  (intransitive)  to  change;  to  alter. 

Tiyada  berubah  warena-nya :  its  colour  did  not 
alter.     Hati  berubah  :  change  of  feeling. 

Keubahan  and  perubahan  :  change;  alteration. 

Mengubah  and  mengubahkan  :  ( transitive )  to 
change  ;  to  alter. 

Lpty  ubi.  A  generic  name  for  yams  and  tuberous 
roots. 

U.  benggala  :  the  common  potato,  solanum 
tuberosum, 

U.  karu  :  tapioca,  manihot  utilissima. 

U,  keladi  :  v.  keladi, 

U.  keledek  :  v.  keledek. 

U.  nasi :  the  commonest  yam,  dioscorea 
alata* 

U.  pasir  :  dioscorea  pentaphylla, 

'A  kal  u, :  a  potato-like  intelligence ;  an 
intelligence  which  developes  unremarked ; 
feelings  that  grow  profounder  with  years. 
Ada  ubi  ada  batas :  where  yams  are  grown, 
banks  will  be  made ;  a  metaphorical  equivalent 
for  ada  hari  btdeh  balaSy  a  day  will  come  when 
you  can  pay  him  out. 

"^y  awat.  (  Kedah,  Penang  and  P.  W. )  A  com- 
mon colloquial  interrogative ;  why,  wherefore, 
how. 


^^^   uwet. 


W*J 


The  use  of  a  paddle  as  a  lever  to  bring 
a  boat's  head  round  ;  to  turn  a  boat  by  press- 
ing the  blade  of  the  paddle  outwards ;  cf. 
kabir.  Uwet  is  also  used  of  a  shield  being  used 
to  push  aside  a  blow. 


[  Hind.  ?  ]     False,  lying. 


\Zjy   auta. 

J^y  Otar  or  utar.  Otar-otar  or  utar-utar :  a  round 
buckler  of  wood  or  of  wickerwork  covered  with 
buffalo-hide.  It  differs  from  a  perisai  in  that 
it  is  hung  with  bells.  It  is  often  mentioned 
in  literature ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.,  Ht.  Isk.  Dz., 
Ht.  Si  Misk.,  12,  etc. 


UTAS 


[     53    ] 


UDUT 


U-'jl 


^^\ 


Utas.  I.  A  coil ;  a  skein ;  a  measure  for 
string,  thread,  netting,  etc. ;  a  numerical 
coefficient  in  speaking  of  quantities  of  thread  ; 
a  single  thread.  Di-buka-nya  sa-utas  manek- 
manek  daripada  leher-nya  :  he  removed  a  string 
of  corals  from  his  neck  ;  Ht.  Gh. 

II.  Skilled  labour;  craftsmanship;  a  crafts- 
man. Segala  pandai  dan  tiias :  all  the  smiths 
and  craftsmen ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  78.  Utasperigi  : 
a  well-digger;  Ht.  Best.,  80.  Di-rapat  tileh 
segala  utas -utas  saperti  rapatan  perahu  :  it  was 
put  together  by  the  artificers  as  a  vessel  is 
built ;  Ht.  Isk.  DzuL  Hikdyat  utas  menengar 
kata  isteri-nya :  the  story  of  the  craftsman  who 
listened  to  the  words  of  his  wife ;  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  222. 

Lihat-lah  uleh  padtika  adinda  pandai  -utas  orang 
Jawa  ;  ada-kah  di-Singapura  titas  yang  pandai 
demikiyan  ini  :  behold,  my  royal  brother,  the 
skill  and  craftsmanship  of  the  men  of  Java ; 
is  there  at  Singapore  any  such  skill  as  this  ? 
Sej.  Mai.,  52. 

Utasan :  labour;  craftsmen  generally;  Ht. 
Best.,  16,  81. 


Utus.  The  sending  of  an  embassy.  Utusan  : 
an  embassy  ;  an  envoy.  Mengutns :  to  send 
an  embassy  ;    to  send  on  an  embassy.      Raja 

China   mengutus   ka-Pelembajig saptdoh 

biiwah  pilau  :  the  Emperor  of  China  sent  ten 
ships  on  an  embassy  to  Palembang  ;  Sej,  Mai., 
35- 

Utang.     Debt;  usually  hutang,  q.  v. 

Otak.  Brains;  the  brain — considered  anato- 
mically and  not  as  the  seat  of  intelligence. 
Terpanchor  otak-nya :  his  brains  were  dashed 
out ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  422. 

O.  ttdang :  the  marrow. 

Otak'Otak:  the  name  of  a  Malay  dish;  fish 
and  vegetables  cooked  in  nipah-leaf. 


^S    Otek,     An  edible  salt-water  fish,  arius  sp.  | 

i 

^31    Utan.     Forest,  jungle  ;  usually  ImtaUy  q.  v.  j 

^y    Uteh.     Also  puteh  and  teh.     A  familiar  name  I 

(timang'timangan)  given  to  younger  members  i 

of  a  family,  I 

Ma'-uteh :  an  aunt  (other  than  one's  eldest  or  } 

youngest  aunt)  ]=zma'-ngah.  I 

7;'a\    oja.     Mengoja :  to  excite  cocks  to  attack  each  I 

^       other ;  to  set  a  cock  on  another.     Mengajak  \ 

oja  :  id. ;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  62.  | 

;:^.\    ujat.     A  variant  of  (Arab.)  ^gr  ,  q.  v. 


Jc>-^\ 


J^y 


ujud.     [Arab,  j^^  ]     Person  ;  individuaHty ; 

substance ;  one's  self  or  one's  body ;  the  trunk 
of  one's  body — in  contradistinction  to  the 
limbs.  Ujud  anggota :  trunk  and  limbs  ;  one's 
whole  body;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  45,  50.  Ujud 
pada  tuwan  sa-orang :  my  body  {i.e.,  myself) 
is  yours  alone ;  I  am  yours  alone ;  Marsd.  Gr., 
^33- 

ujar.  Utterance;  speech;  saying.  Maka 
ujar-nya  :  he  (or  they)  said;  Ht.  Kal,  Dam., 
15,  Maka  ujar  orang  kapal  itu  kami  pergi 
dengan  sabeda  rasiiliCUah  :  the  men  in  the  ship 
answered:  ''We  go  in  accordance  with  the 
Prophet's  words"  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  66. 

UJOHg.     Point,  extremity  ;  usually  hujongf  q.  v. 

ujul.  A  lofty  jungle  climber,  willoughbeia 
coriacea. 

ujail.     Rain  ;  usually  hujan,  q.  v. 

ujah.  Repeated  questioning,  enquiry,  cross- 
examination. 

uji.  Test  examination.  Bawa-lah  kita  uji : 
come,  let  us  test  it.  Batu  n.  :  a  touchstone; 
Ht.  Abd.,  4. 

Btinga  mempelas  di-tapi  perigi, 

Mart  di-pungut  Data'  Penghtdu ; 
Jangan  chakap  keras  sa-kali, 
Kalau  ta'-ujiy  buleh-kah  tahu : 
do  not  be  over  strong  in  your   language:  if 
you  have  not  tested  it,  how  can  you  tell  ? 

u-A?*-^^  uchap.  Utterance;  speech — used  especially 
of  prayers,  thanks,  or  utterances  of  grief  or 
joy,  and  not  of  ordinary  conversational  speech. 
Menguchap:  to  utter;  Ht.  Abd.,  217,  281. 


\ 


4P-0 


cT^ 


\ 


^yry 


OChok.  Mischief-making;  the  exciting  of 
enmity  by  tale-bearing;  teasing  or  exciting 
by  words. 

Tarck  dayong  biyav  perlahaUy 

Takut  piitus  tali  tajok ; 
Orang  ber'akal  segan  berlawan, 
Jangan-lah  achum,  jangan-lah  ochok  : 
when  you  row,  do  it  slowly,  for  fear  that  the 
thole-strap  may  give  way ;  men  who  are  wise 
are   slow  to   excite  enmity;   never   tease   by 
gesture,  never  tease  by  words. 

\p^tS    UChul.     Jav.     Loose ;  let  loose  ;  liberated- 

^<}\  uda.  A  familiar  name  (timang4imangan)  given 
to  the  fourth  or  iifth  child  in  a  family  ;z=muda. 
The  form  da  also  occurs. 


J 


}\^J^    udara.    [Skr.  adhara.]   The  atmosphere;  v.  ^j^^ 

CJ:>i^    udut.     Mengudut :  to  smoke  tobacco  or  chandn ; 
^       =zisap. 


UDANG 


[    54    ] 


URUS 


P^y    udang.     A  generic  name  for  lobsters,  prawns 
^  and  shrimps  ;  v.  hudang. 

u3 Jul  udap.  ( Daik.)  Udap-udapan  :  ingredients  of 
all  sorts  that  go  to  make  up  a  salad ;  a  kind  of 
salad  of  miscellaneous  fruits  and  vegetables ; 
zurojak  (when  made  up  only). 

I 5*^a\  udip.  The  name  of  a  fish;  a  small  parang- 
parang. 


^.\ 


O^J 


rV 


o:>j\ 


JJ 


J^^ 


\ 


,\ 


J^ 


udek.     (Rare.)     The  upper  w^aters  of  a  river. 

Mudek  :  to  make  one's  way  up-stream ;  to  go 
up-stream.  Cf.  udi,  kemudi,  kemtidiyan,  uri, 
btirit,  etc. 

udam.  Dulled  ;  faded  (of  colouring) ;  dimmed 
(in  brilliancy).  Akan  chehaya  pelita ptm  tidam- 
lah  karena  sinar  mtika  PiiUra  J  ay  a  Pati :  the 
brilliancy  of  the  lamps  was  dimmed  by  the 
glow  on  the  face  of  the  Prince  Jaya  Pati ;  Ht. 
P.  J.  P.     Also  (Kedah)  hudam,     Cf.  mtiram. 

Udoh.  Foul ;  ugly  ;  hideous  ;  objectionable  ; 
obscene ;  a  name  sometimes  given  to  a  child 
to  avert  ill-luck. 

Anak  berok  di-kayu  rendang, 
Tiwun  niandi  di-dalam  paya ; 

Udoh  burok  di-mata  orang, 

Chantek  manis  di-mata  sehaya  : 

ugly  and  worn,  in  the  eyes  of  others,  she  is 
fair  and  gentle  in  my  eyes. 

Also  (Kedah)  hudoh, 

udi.  Jav.  Hind,  posterior,  subsequent ;  cf. 
miidekj  udek,  kemudi,  kemudiyan,  uri,  hiirit,  etc. 

udai.  Orang  udai  or  orang  hudai :  the  name 
of  an  aboriginal  tribe  in  the  Malay  Peninsula. 

awar.     A  pestilence ;  an  epidemic  ;  a  murrain. 
Also  (Kedah)  hawar. 

aur.  A  generic  name  given  to  a  number  of 
bamboos ;  a  bamboo.  Bagai  aur  di4arek  song- 
sang  :  like  pulling  bamboos  the  wrong  way 
(against  the  branches);  want  of  tact  and 
management ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  57.  Pada 
tetekala  rebong  tiyada  di-patah,  kutika  sndah 
menjadi  aur  apa  guna-nya  :  if  you  do  not  break 
it  while  it  is  a  shoot,  of  what  use  will  it  be 
for  food  when  it  is  a  grown  bamboo ;  education 
must  be  begun  young;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  477, 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  69. 

A,  gading :  bambusa  vulgaris. 


Rumput   a. 
nudiflora. 


a    common    weed,    commelina 


j*\    Ora.     Jav.     No;  not. 


uwar.  Uwar-uwar :  public  announcement ; 
proclaiming  **from  the  house-tops  " — used  of 
informal  announcements  such  as  those  of  men 
who  stand  in  the  middle  of  a  frequented  place 
and  shout  out  their  wishes  or  grievances  for 
the  information  of  the  public.     Also  war-war. 


jy 


jjy 


.\ 


C^jy 


\ 


u'jy 


ura.  Benira-ura :  to  discuss  a  proposal ;  to 
talk  over  a  plan ;  to  consider  the  arguments 
for  and  against  any  action  before  any  decision 
is  arrived  at.  Ura-ura  akan  bertunang :  the 
discussions  relating  to  a  betrothal;  Sh.  UL,  8. 
Sa4elah  sudah  berura-ura :  when  the  discussion 
was  over;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  87.  Jangan  kamu 
berura-ura  akan  mendatangi  diya :  do  not 
discuss  the  question  of  attacking  him ;  Ht. 
Isk.  Dz, 

urat.  L  A  nerve;  a  vein ;  a  sinew;  a  root- 
fibre  ;  a  measure  for  thread  and  string ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  103,  382.  MaWikai  yang  memegang  urat 
burnt,  Asrdftl  nama-nya:  the  angel  who  guards 
the  sinews  of  the  earth  is  named  Asrafll ;  Ht. 
Muhd.  Hanaf.,  46. 

U.  amris,  or  u,  mereh,  or  u,  meris :  the 
muscles  of  the  neck  ;  v.  amris. 

U.  bedennyut,  u.  berdennyut^  and  u.  nadi :  the 
pulse. 

U,  belikat:  the  dorsal  muscles.  U,  belikat 
panjang :  a  man  with  long  dorsal  muscles ;  a 
man  who  is  fond  of  being  on  his  back ;  a 
lazybones. 

U.  gatal :  a  medicinal  drug  (unidentified). 

t/.  tanah  :  a  large  worm  ;  typhlops, 

(7.  tutup  bumi :  a  plant,  better  known  as  daun 
tutup  bumi. 

Salah  u. :  a  strained  sinew ;  Pel.  Abd.,  92. 

Sireh  temu  urat :  a  drug  or  simple  ( un- 
identified ). 

n.     [  Arab.     5*^  •  ]     The  pudendum  mulie- 
bre ;  Ht.  -Zaly.,  21. 
Gila  urat :  lasciviously  inclined ;   also  gatal. 


vJ->j>^\    urit.     Mata-urit :    ( Penang )  sleepiness.     Also 


(  Kedah)  mata  urip ;  cf.  urip  and  arip. 

urut.  Massage ;  rubbing  the  hands  over  a 
sinew  or  limb ;  rubbing  the  chest  and  breast. 
Ekor  anjing  beberapa  pun  di-urut  akandiya 
tiyada  juga  betul :  you  may  rub  a  dog's  tail 
as  much  as  you  like,  but  you  won't  make  it 
straight ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  77. 

Mengurut  or  ( frequentative )  mengurut- 
ngurut :  to  rub  with  the  hands ;  to  massage 
— either  medicinally  as  one  rubs  a  lotion  on 
the  body  (  Muj.,  87 ),  or  to  give  a  pleasurable 
sensation  ( Ht.  Koris.,  Ht.  Mas.  Ed.,  Ht. 
Ind.  Meng.,  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  20),  or  to  give 
suppleness  to  a  warrior's  limbs  ( Ht.  Hg. 
Tuah.,  71 ). 

Janggut  di'Urut :  a  forked  beard ;  a  sign  of 
courage  affected  by  Malay  warriors  who  can 
succeed  in  growing  a  beard. 

Urut  is  also  used  of  removing  the  grains  of 
padi  by  pulling  the  stalk  through  the  hands. 

The  form  hurut  is  common. 


urus.    L 

meaning, 
and  urut. 


(  Kedah. )     Rubbing  ;  =  gosok,   in 
but  more  refined  in  use.     Cf.  urap 


H.     Jav.     Urus-urus  :  a  purgative. 


ORANG 


[    55    ] 


URI 


9^y  orang.  A  human  being ;  a  man  or  woman ; 
people  generally,  especially  in  the  sense  of 
other  people;  a  numerical  coefficient  for 
human  beings.  0,  Melayu:  a  Malay.  O. 
China ;  a  Chinaman.  Kata  o. :  people  say ; 
it  is  said. 

0.  banyak  :  the  multitude  ;  the  people. 

0.  besar :  the  notables  of  a  place. 

O.hutan:  a  wild  tribesman ;  ajungle-dw^eller. 

0.  liyar :  id. — with  special  reference  to  the 
wild  aboriginal  tribes  of  Pahang. 

0.  kaya :  (i)  a  rich  man  ;  (2)  a  title  borne  by 
certain  Malay  chiefs ;  v.  kaya. 

0 ,'Orangan  mata :  the  pupil  of  the  eye;  Sh. 
Lail.  Mejn.,  33. 

O.  tuwa :  an  old  man ;  the  headmen  of  a 
Malay  village;  the  head  of  a  family;  the 
parents.  Orang  tuwa  bnjang  dan  orang  tuwa 
gadis:  the  parents  of  the  bridegroom  and 
bride ;  (  Laws  of  Palembang. ) 

Anak  0.  :  other  people's  children,  especially 
their  daughters.  Apa  kehendak  perbuwat-lah, 
anak  orang  ku  ambil  juga :  do  what  you  will, 
I  will  carry  off  the  girl  just  the  same:  Sh. 
Pant.  Shi.,  12. 

Jalan-jalan   sa-panjang  jalan, 

Singgah   nienyinggah  di-pagar  orang ; 

Pura-puj^a   menchari   ay  am, 

Ekor   mata-nya   di-anak  orang  : 

travelling,  travelling  the  length  of  the  road, 
stopping  and  stopping  at  every  man's  com- 
pound, he  pretends  to  be  looking  for  a  fowl, 
but  he  keeps  the  corner  of  his  eye  on  the  girls. 

Negeri  0. :  foreign  countries — in  contradis- 
tinction to  one's  own  land.  Hujan  mas  perak 
di-negeri  orang,  hujan  keris  lembeng  di-negeri 
sendiri :  it  rains  silver  and  gold  abroad,  it 
rains  daggers  and  spears  at  home:  better 
poverty  at  home  than  wealth  in  exile ;  Prov. 

Sa-orang :  one  (person).  Sa-orang  anak 
raja :  a  prince.  Dengan  sa-orang  diri :  by 
oneself;  alone.  Sa-orang  demi  sa-orang :  one 
( person )  after  another.  Sa-orangan  (  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah. ),  or  sa-orang-orangan  ( Sh.  UL, 
36),  (often  pronounced  sorangan  and  sorang- 
orangan )  loneliness ;  solitude  ;  solitary. 

Kesa'orangan :  loneliness  ;  Ht.  Best.,  g. 


&  .^\  orong,     I.     A   little   bag   of  coco-nut   leaves 

w-^  used  in  cooking  rice,  Kl. ;  cf.  ketupat, 

11.     Crowding;  also  urong  and  hurong,  q.  v. 

c  .^\  urang.     Daun  urang-aring :  a  medicinal  plant 

vj/"^  (unidentified). 

o  ^\  uring.     The  little  projection  or  curve  at  the 

C/^  centre  of  the  upper  lip. 

9'jy  urong.     Crowding ;  also  hurong,  q.  v. 


^Jf 


h^^ 


v-i^^\ 


urap.  The  rubbing  of  medicine  or  cosmetics 
against  the  body — as  distinct  from  mere 
smearing  or  anointing,  Urapan :  cosmetics 
intended  to  be  so  used.  Berurap-iirap  ( Ht. 
Ind.  Nata.),  berurapan  (Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  15), 
and  berurap-urapan  (  Ht.  Sh.;  Ht.  Perb.  Jay.; 
Ht.  Mas.  Ed.;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  9) ;  perfumed; 
anointed. 

urip.     L     Jav.     Alive,  living;  Sh.  Bid.,  6. 
H .    Sleepy ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jay.    Cf.  arip,  and  arit. 


j^jy 


3j3^ 


vr 


^j^^ 


^jy 


nrup.     Mhigurup :  to  change  money. 
untp-nrup  :  a  money-changer's  shop. 


Kedai 


orak.  Unloosing :  unwinding ;  undoing. 
Mengorak  :  to  unfasten  a  knot ;  to  unloose  ;  to 
disentangle ;  to  unfold  ;  to  unwind  coils — as  a 
snake ;  to  roll  away  from  the  vicinity  of  any- 
thing— as  a  restless  sleeper ;  (by  metaphor)  to 
gradually  withdraw  from  a  contract  or  busi- 
ness;  to  '*  wriggle  out  of  an  agreement." 
Saperti  sav^a  mengorak  lengkar :  as  the  python 
unwinds  its  coils  (i.  c,  very  slowly) — a  pro- 
verbial metaphor  for  idleness  or  sluggishness. 
Segan  mengorak  lengkar  :  extreme  sluggishness. 
Cf.  rongkal  and  urai, 

oro.  Oro-oro :  a  peculiar  kind  of  a  rattle ;  a 
number  of  perforated  objects  strung  on  a 
stick  so  as  to  rattle  when  the  stick  is  shaken, 

urai.  Loosing;  unwinding;  opening;  disen- 
tangling ;  clearing  up  what  was  previously 
obscure  or  involved.  Mas  urai :  gold  dust ; 
particles  of  gold  separated  from  the  substance 
in  which  they  w^ere  imbedded.  Jala  urai :  the 
name  of  a  Malay  dish. 

Uraikan  and  menguraikan :  to  undo ;  to 
unfasten ;  to  unloose ;  to  explain.  Mari-lah 
uraikan  ikat  tangan-ku  ini :  come  and  unfasten 
these  manacles;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.f  57,  Aku 
uraikan  hertinya  :  I  (will)  explain  its  meaning, 
Menguraikan  dirham :  to  get  out  money 
fastened  up  in  a  belt ;  Ht.  Muhd,  Hanaf.,  y2. 
Menguraikan  kehendak  kitdb  itu :  to  explain  the 
meaning  of  the  book;  Ht,  Hamz.,  3. 

Mengurai:  (intransitive)  to  open  out;  to  un- 
fold— in  poetical  expressions  like  padi  meng- 
urai, the  opening  grain  (a  pattern  for  a 
bracelet),  Ht.  Sh. ;  or  mayang  mengurai:  the 
bud  unfolding  itself,  a  simile  for  beautiful 
hair;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.,  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.,  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  122. 

Terurai  and  ferurai-urai :  undone,  dishevelled 
— of  hair;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

mi.     L     The  afterbirth;  the  umbiHcal  cord; 
(etymologically)  that    which   comes   after  or 
behind ;  cf.  udi^  burit,  etc. 
Uriyan  :  a  brazier's  mould  after  use. 

H.  Swift  rotation — especially  the  rotation 
of  a  top.  Tarek  uri :  a  contest  between  two 
or  more  persons,  the  winner  being  the  person 
whose  top  rotates  the  longest. 


AUS 


[    56    ] 


AWANG 


t^y  aus.  L  Worn  out  by  friction  ;  reduction  by 
wear  and  tear — used,  for  instance,  of  a  knife 
worn  down  by  continual  grinding.  Maka  mata 
tombak  itu-ptm  habis  aus  saperti  chungkil  gigi  : 
the  head  of  the  spear  was  worn  away  till  it 
was  like  a  toothpick ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  58,  Also 
haus. 

II.     Mengam :   to   refine    (metals);  Cr. ;   v. 
d.  W. 


III.     Thirst; 


hems, 


q.  V. 


.\ 


i^y  awas.  I.  Sharp  sight;  keen  sight — used 
especially  of  the  sight  of  a  medium  put  under 
mesmeric  influence  by  a  Malay  sorcerer  in 
order  to  discover  the  whereabouts  of  stolen 
goods  or  of  the  thief. 

Mengawasi :  to  look  sharply  and  carefully  at 
anything;  Ht.  Zaly.,  29. 

Cf.  lawaSy  awah  and  lawah. 

II.  (Kedah.)  Culinary  mixing  ;  the  making 
of  a  sort  of  olla  podrida  or  hotch-potch  of 
many  ingredients ;  the  preparation  of  a  fresh 
dish  by  cooking  up  the  fragments  left  over 
at  previous  meals. 

\    USat.     A  salt-water  (ish  (  unidentified  ). 

Ular  tedong  u.  :  a  snake,  simotes  octolineatus. 


j^y 


USir.  Pursuit;  following  up;  coming  up  to 
the  attack.  Di-usir-nya  hantu  ttu  lalu  di- 
tangkap-nya :  he  pursued  the  evil  spirit  and 
captured  it;  Sej.  Mai.,  56. 

Bernsiran  and  berusir-tisiran  :  pressing  on  to 
the  fight ;  pushing  on  the  contest. 

Mengusir :  to  press  on ;   to  pursue ;   to  rush 
on  to  contest  after  contest. 


^^*\  ^USOr.       Movement     alongside     of     anything, 
^    *  pressing  past ;  better  stisory  q.  v. 

ji^i^  usang.  Withered ;  dried  up ;  shrivelled  up 
C-^  internally — as  grain  which  has  been  kept  too 
long.  The  word  is  used  of  articles  of  which 
the  outer  husk  or  covering  remains  and  the 
inner  portion,  though  existent,  is  worthless ; 
cf.  kosong,  Rumah  usang ;  an  abandoned 
house,  the  contents  of  which  are  in  ruins,  as 
distinct  from  a  house  which  is  merely  empty. 

-      \    USOng.     Carrying   between   two  or  more   by 
C^       the    use   of    a   pole,    as   a   litter    is   carried. 

Shamsu' d-din  di-usong  kombali :     Shamsuddin 

was  carried  back  in  a  litter;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  66. 

Usongan :  a  litter ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.,  Ht.  Abd., 

422  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  95, 

Kasihankan  raja  di-atas  usongan :  to  pity  the 
prince  in  his  litter ;  misplaced  compassion ; 
Prov.,  V.  J.S.A.S.,  XXIV,,  113. 

Mengusong :  to  carry  in  a  litter. 

Pengusong :  a  litter;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard.  Kayu 
p, :  the  pole  of  a  litter. 


rfft\  usap.  Plating;  covering  with  any  adhesive 
substance  by  smearing  that  substance  on  the 
thing  to  be  plated,  in  contradistinction  to 
plating  an  article  by  dipping  it  into  the 
composition  with  which  it  is  intended  to  be 
covered ;  cf.  chelup.  The  word  is  also  used 
of  drying  up  by  superimposing  a  dry  body  on 
a  wet  surface.  Di-usap-nya  ayer  mata  dengan 
sapu-tangan :  she  dried  her  tears  with  her 
handkerchief;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Cf.  also  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  18. 


L^t^ 


S    usek.     Teasing,   worrying ;   annoying ;  vexing 

by  unpleasant  questions.  Datang  orang 
mengusek  kita  :  people  came  and  bothered  us  ; 
Pel.  Abd.,  72. 


A^^i  USah.  I.  Need;  necessity;  advantage. 
Ta'-usah:  it  is  unnecessary;  there  is  no  need; 
needless;  a  polite  way  of  saying  **  don't. " 
Ta'-usah  surat  kita  memberi :  we  need  give  no 
letter. 

xAnak   berok    besar   lengan 

Masok   ka-bendang   makan  padi ; 

Kalau   kaseh   alang-alangan 
Biyar   ta'-usah   sa-kalt-kali. 

If  your  love  is  love  in  moderation,  I  would 
rather  you  did  not  love  me  at  all. 

Usahkan :    so    far   from......;    =  jangankan. 

V.  jangan,  Makin  lama  usahkan  makin  pandai 
makin  ptda  bodoh  ada-nya:  as  time  went  on, 
so  far  from  becoming  wiser  he  became  more 
and  more  of  a  fool ;  Ht.  Abd.,  475, 

II.     Rumput  usah  :  a  medicinal  herb. 


W-^\ 


b 


USaha.      [  Skr.  utsdha.  ]      Diligence  ;  v.  L  \ , 


^a\    usai.       I.       Arrangement,     settling.       Sudah 
-  usai-kah :   has  the  thing  been   settled ;    is  it 

done  ;  cf.  asi,  achi  and  selesai. 

Usaikan :  to  arrange ;  to  put  in  order ;  to 
bind  up,  of  the  hair. 

II.  [Chin,  o'-sdi:  black  dirt,]  Opium 
dross ;  better  taht  chandu, 

\  awang.  I.  A  youth;  a  young  fellow;  a 
familiar  name  ftimang-timangan)  often  given 
to  an  elder  son  ;  a  common  mode  of  address- 
ing a  young  man  whose  name  is  unknown  to 
the  speaker,  Awang  dan  dayang :  youths  and 
maidens — a  common  way  of  addressing  a 
youthful  audience,  corresponding  to  the 
**  virginibus  puerisque  "  of  Horace ;  see  Sh. 
May.,  2,  Sh.  Dag.,  2,  4. 

Among  the  Mantras,  the  use  of  awang  and 
dayang  in  speaking  in  the  third  person  of 
youths  and  maidens  is  still  in  existence,  but 
among  the  Malays  the  word  awang  has  become 
obsolete,  except  as  a  name  and  as  a  vocative. 

Ma' -awang  dind  pa' -awang  :  names  by  which 
a  husband  and  wife  address  each  other  with 
endearing  reference  to  their  eldest  boy; 
''  mother  of  my  child,"  **  father  of  my  child.  " 


feWANG 


[     57    ] 


AWAK 


A  wang  is  also  the  name  often  given  to  the 
comic  man  or  clown  of  a  ma'-yong  perform- 
ance. 

11.  Awang-awang  or  awang-awangan :  the 
lower  heavens;  the  airy  regions  intermediate 
between  the  earth  and  the  sky,  but  not  actual- 
ly touching  either.  Berjalan  di-awang-awang 
or  mengawang :  to  tread  the  upper  air  ;  Ht. 
Sh. ;   Ht,  Sh.  Kub. 

Pergi  ka-hutan   tebang   berangan ; 

Anak   kumbang   lalu  sa-kawan  ; 
Ttiwan   di-afas   awang-awangan, 

Sihap   sa-bagai   mambang   di-awan : 

my  lord  is  exalted  above  the  regions  of  the 
air,  and  his  form  is  as  that  of  a  spirit  of  the 
clouds.     Cf.  rawang,  kerawang,  etc. 

^'    Swang.      Money;  usually  wang,  q.  v. 


Jb^ 


uJs.a\ 


h' 


^3 


AP.«\ 


ungar.  An  edible  salt-water  fish ;  lutianus 
argentiniactdattis . 

ungap.  Gasping  for  breath— as  a  dying  fish  ; 
catching  at  one's  breath  ;  panting.  Cf.  ngap 
and  uwap, 

ungum.  (Kedah.)  MumbHng  to  oneself; 
muttering  ;   talking  to  oneself. 

ungu.  Purple;  deep  brown-red;  Ht.  Abd., 
36;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. ;  Sej.  Mai.,  94;  Sh.  Bid., 
26  ;    Kam.  Kech.,  9. 

ungah.  Mengungah-angeh :  shaking ;  loose, 
but  not  absolutely  severed — as  a  shaking 
tooth  or  loose  paling.  Also  (Kedah)  ngok-ngek; 
cf.  onyak-anyek, 

uwap.  Vapour  ;  steam  ;  the  breath  from  the 
mouth  in  cool  weather. 

upat.     Vituperation;   abuse;   iiho  ump at,  q.v. 


3a\  opor.  The  cooking  of  meat  without  using 
vegetables  or  condiments  to  flavour  it ;  plain 
roasting  ;  the  dishes  so  prepared  ;  Ht.  Gh., 
Ht.  Ind.  Nat. 

3a\    upar.     Rolling   between   the    palms    of    the 


hands;  rolling  into  a  ball. 


Ja\ 


/H*J^    opis.       [Eng.  office,]     An  office,  a  place  where 
clerical  work  is  carried  on. 


LT^^ 


\  upas.  I.  Jav.  Blood-poison,  especially  the 
vegetable  poison  used  for  darts ;  cf.  anchar 
and  ipoh.  Upas  benilarn  racJmn :  venom 
flavoured  with  poison;  injury  on  injury; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  38.  Rachtm  dan  upas 
distiroh-nya  chart :  she  bade  them  seek  poison 
and  venom;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  23.  Lengkap 
dengan  damak  dan  upas-nya  :  fitted  with  darts 
and  venom  ;  Ht.  Koris. 


n.  [  Dutch  oppasser,  ] 
police  or  postal  peon  in 
Sh.  Lamp.,  34,  40. 


A   watchman  ;  a 
Dutch   territories; 


f^' 


y^\ 


^^ 


43»\ 


^^ 


upak.  L  Mengupak  :  to  stir  up  a  smoulder- 
ing heap  of  chaff  or  dry  grass,  in  order  to  pre- 
vent the  inner  portion  remaining  unconsumed 
when  the  outer  portion  burns  itself  out.  In 
the  case  of  a  wood  fire,  the  expression  bongkar 
is  used. 

IL     A  kind  of  thin  crisp  cake. 

HL  Upak-apek  :  inconsistent  and  immoder- 
ate in  praise  and  blame,  as  a  man  who  is  all 
compliment  regarding  any  person  on  one  day 
and  launches  into  violent  abuse  of  the  same 
person  on  the  next  day. 

upam.  Polishing  ;  burnishing ;  bringing  out 
the  lustre  of  anything.  The  word  is  used 
especially  of  gems  and  precious  metals. 
Ternpam:  polished;  burnished;  Ht,  Sh,  Kub.; 
Sej.  Mai.,  28. 

upau.  [Chin,  ho' -pan,]  A  small  satchel  or 
purse.     Also  hopau  and  opau, 

upah.  Payment  for  service  rendered ;  fee ; 
wage;  bribe — as  distinct  from  rent,  interest 
or  payment  for  articles  received.  Di-bayar 
upah  sa-orang  sa-rupiyah  :  he  paid  them  a  rupee 
each  for  their  services.  Makan  u. :  to  take 
bribes  ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  59. 

L^  beranak  or  ti.  bidan :  the  fee  paid  to  a 
midwife  for  her  services. 

Upahkan,  mengupah  and  mengupahkan :  to 
engage  (a  man)  on  payment  of  a  fee  or  of 
wages. 

Berupah :  in,  or  on,  receipt  of  payment  for 
service.  Ada  yang  tiyada  berupah  menolong 
sehaja :  some  gave  their  services  as  unpaid 
assistants ;  Ht.  Abd.,  423. 

upeh.  The  tough  flower-sheaths  of  the  pinang 
and  iiibong  palms,  often  prepared  for  use  as 
temporary  buckets  or  coverings  of  a  temporary 
character;  a  sheath  or  covering;  Sh.  Pr. 
Ach.,  12.  Keris  silam  upeh:  a  variety  of  the 
her  is ;  v.  keris,  Luroh  tipeh  per  gam  datang : 
when  the  flower  sheaths  fall  the  pigeons 
come ;  a  proverbial  equivalent  for  the  cor- 
responding rhyme,  suroh  puteh  hitam  datang, 
when  you  ask  for  white,  black  turns  up ;  to 
get,  not  what  one  bargained  for,  but  still 
something  almost  equally  good ;  to  ask  for  a 
blonde  and  get  a  brunette;  Prov.,  see  s.  v. 
It  lam, 

awak.  Body;  person;  self;  contents;  cargo; 
an  expression  used  as  a  respectful  pronoun  of 
the  second  person,  especially  by  the  Malays 
of  Johore.  Betul  juga  awak  bersabeda :  truly, 
indeed,  have  you  spoken;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb., 
24.  Awak  perahu:  the  contents  of  a  ship, 
whether  (according  to  the  context)  with  refer- 
ence to  the  sailors  or  to  the  cargo. 

Akhbar-nya  laksana  sa-buwah   bahtera 
Di-awak-nya  sarat  intan  mutiyara : 
Its  news-sheets  are  like  a  vessel  loaded  to  the 
full  with  diamonds  and  pearls;  Bint.  Timor, 
16  Jan,,  1895. 


UWAK 


[    58    ] 


AWAL 


iJ5>' 


o,^ 


j; 


/; 


/; 


c/; 


u-ji5j\ 


uwak.     I.     (Onom.)     Menguwak :  to  bellow; 

to  low.  Used  of  a  buffalo  or  crocodile. 
Masok  ka-dalam  kandang  kambing  m^ng^mbek, 
masok  ha-dalam  kandang  kerbau  menguwak : 
to  bleat  when  one  enters  a  sheep-fold  and 
bellow  when  one  enters  a  buffalo-pen ;  to  do 
at  Rome  as  the  Romans  do  ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XL,  77 ;  of.  also  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  14. 

The  word  is  pronounced  with  a  nasal  in- 
tonation, mengu^wak^  imitative  of  the  sound 
it  defines. 

II.  Old,  elder;  better  uwa  and  tuwa,  q.  v. 

III.  Uwak'tiwak:  3.  monkey,  the  ^'wah-wah,'' 
hylobates  lar  and  leuciscus. 

UWek.  (Onom.)  Menguwek:  to  make  a  gurg- 
ling noise  in  the  throat,  as  a  man  about  to  be 
sea-sick. 

UWOk.  A  familiar  name  (timang-timangan) 
occasionally  used  when  addressing  children. 

ukir.  Adornment  by  cutting  figures  in  wood 
or  metal ;  incised  patterns ;  the  making  of 
such  patterns. 

Siidah   di'tebang,    mart   di-tikir, 
Di'tikir   dengan  pisau   wait; 

A  bang  sa-orang  tiyada4ah   mungkir^ 
Tinggal'lah   tuwan,   abang   kombali : 

when  you  have  felled  the  log  cut  patterns  in 
it,  cut  the  patterns  with  a  small  jack-knife ; 
your  lover,  when  alone,  will  not  be  false  to  his 
word;  await  him,  my  lady,  your  lover  will 
return ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  16. 

Ukiran :  pattern  incision ;  the  pattern  incised ; 
Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  84. 

UMri :  to  incise  a  pattern;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  22. 
Mengukir:  id. 

ukor.  Measurement ;  linear  measurement. 
Mengukor:  to  measure  (the  length  of  anything). 
^Ilmu  mengukor  barang  apa-apa  yang  jauh-jauh : 
the  art  of  measuring  distant  objects ;  the 
surveyor's  art ;  Ht.  Abd.,  360. 

Ukas.  A  name  given  to  several  shells,  double, 
shallow  and  peculiar  in  shape.  U.  keris  :  a 
variety  of  this  shell  shaped  exactly  like  a 
keris  sheath ;  malleus. 

Main  u. :  (Kedah)  a  game  played  with  two 
balls  and  three  holes  in  the  ground. 

xxkup.  Perfuming  (garments)  by  laying  them 
over  a  dome-shaped  framework  of  rattan, 
incense  or  fragrant  wood  being  burnt  inside 
the  frame.     Cf.  sirekup,  tangkup,  etc. 

Ayer  u,  and  minyak  ukupan  ( Sh.  Panj.  Sg. )  ; 
perfume ;  perfumed  liquids. 

Pinang  ukup :  betel-nut  dried  and  perfumed. 

Pengukup :  the  framework  used  in  this  pro- 
cess of  perfuming.  Perukupan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Nakh. 
Mud.,  36. 


J} 


J) 


9 


^\ 


ub^ 


Ukup  is  sometimes  used  of  burning  incense 
or  perfuming  without  using  the  special  process 
referred  to  above ;  e,  g, : 

B^rahmana   dewa  sakti. 

Matt   di-ukup  dengan   dupa  : 

Brahma  is  a  mighty  god ;  come  and  burn 
incense  before  him  ; — from  a  Pantun, 

ukah  or  okah.  [Arab.  ^>..]  A  hookah;  a 
hubble-bubble.     Also  ogah. 

Ugut.  The  inspiration  of  awe  or  alarm ;  the 
rousing  of  terror ;  cowing ;  frightening ; 
menacing. 

Punggok   berperang  unggas   dewata 
Perang  dengan   si-rajawali ; 

Best   burok   di-buwat  senjata, 
Ugut  sehaja   ta'-apa  jadi : 

rotten  iron,  when  worked  into  weapons,  may 
rouse  terror  but  can  do  no  more ;  Prov. 

Ogak.     Ogak-ogak  :    a  jester,  a  wit,  a  practical 

joker;  the  name  given  to  a  sea-bird.  Cf. 
olok'olok,  which  also  means  a  jester  and  is 
a  name  given  to  another  bird. 

Olok'Olok  burong  di-laut, 
Ogak-ogak   burong  di-bukit ; 

Riipa   elok    bagai   di-raut, 

A  kan  penawar  haii  yang  sakii  : 

the  *' jester  "  is  a  sea-bird,  the  '*  joker  *'  a  bird 
of  the  hills. 

Ogok.  I.  Extreme  niggardliness;  avarice; 
stinginess. 

n.  (Kedah.)  A  plan  (such  as  that  of  a 
house);  a  design  submitted  for  approval 
before  a  work  is  begun. 

Ogam.  Pengogam  mayang :  a  pointed  instru- 
ment used  in  getting  nipah  spirit  (nira).  Also 
(  Klinkert)  a  dance  (of  spirit  mediums)  from 
which  certain  omens  are  drawn. 


Pengogam  satnpah 
coco-nut  leaves. 


a  kind  of  broom  made  of 


Ogah.  I.  Mengogah  :  to  shake  a  loose  object 
( such  as  a  loose  stake  or  tooth )  with  a  view 
to  its  ultimate  extraction  ;  Kl.=^honggar,  q.  v, 

II.     (Arab,  ^j;^  through  the  Hindustani?) 

A  hookah;  a  hubble-bubble;   Sh.  Abd.  Mk., 
25.     Also  ukah. 

awal.  [ArBh.  awwal.]  First;  foremost;  begin- 
ning. Daripada  awal-nya  datang  kapada  akhir- 
nya  :  from  the  beginning  to  the  end.  Pada 
awal-nya:  at  first.  Awal  ntusim :  the  begin- 
ning of  the  monsoon.  A,  piyama :  (Kedah) 
the  commencement  of  the  wet  season.  Ju- 
mdda'l-awwal :  the  name  of  a  month,  so  called 
from  its  having  been  the  beginning  of  the  dry 
season.  RabVu'l-awwal :  the  first  spring 
month  ;   the  name  of  a  Muhammadan  month. 


ULAT 


[     59    ] 


ULAP 


cJ^\ 


oJ^\ 


;; 


ulat.     A  generic  name  for  a  number  of  worms. 

J7.  btdu  :  a  hairy  caterpillar. 

U,  pinang :  a  ''betel-nut  worm";  a  small 
maggot  whose  mode  of  locomotion  is  a  series 
of  leaps.  Terlonchat'lonchat  bagai  ulat  pinang : 
hopping  about  like  a  betel-nut  worm ;  a 
restless  person  ;  Prov. 

U.  sentadti :  another  species  of  caterpillar. 

U,  sutera  :  the  silk  worm, 

Tahi  u,  :  a  variant  of  tulat,  the  day  after  the 
day  after  to-morrow;  the  third  day  hence;  the 
day  on  which  maggots  begin  to  appear  in  filth. 

Jengkau  u, :  the  form  taken  by  fingers  when 
so  shaped  that  they  appear  to  turn  up  at  the 
tips  and  down  at  the  centre, 

Korek  lohang  ulat :  to  dig  up  worm  holes ; 
to  seek  a  quarrel ;  Prov. 

The  form  hiilat  also  occurs. 

ulit.  Lulling,  crooning  or  singing  to  sleep. 
Di-pangkn  dan  di-uliUnya  :  holding  her  on  his 
lap  and  singing  her  to  sleep;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Uliti:  (intransitive)  to  be  singing  with  a 
view  to  sending  anyone  to  sleep ;  to  be 
singing  a  lullaby ;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  lo ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  87.  Menguliti :  id. ;  Sh.  Lail. 
Mejn.,  23.     Bemlit :  id. ;  Arabian  Nights,  71. 

Ulitkan :  (transitive)  to  lull  to  sleep ;  Ht. 
P. J. P.  M engulit  3ind  mengnlitkan  :  id.  Ber- 
mimpi  akan  Sang  Samba  mengiditkan  diya :  she 
dreamed  that  Sang  Samba  was  lulling  her  to 
sleep  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Lagi  mengtdit  Si-Jebat 
tidor  :  still  singing  Si-Jebat  to  sleep  ;  Ht.  Hg. 
Tuw.,  79. 

Pengidit :    a   lullaby;    Ht.    Sg.    Samb.;  Ht. 

p.j.p. 


A   snake,    a  generic  name  for  snakes; 
u,  sawa :  a  python  ;    n.   tedong  sendok  :  a 


ular. 

e.g., 

cobra  ;  tt,  tedong  abn  :  a  hamadryad  ;  ti,  lidi 
a  very  thin  small  snake,  a  type  of  the  insigni- 
ficant. Biyar  tdar  mati  dan  kaytt  tiyada  patah  : 
let  the  snake  perish  and  the  stick  remain  un- 
broken ;  destroy  the  evil  without  injuring 
yourself;  Prov.,  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  67.  Saperti 
ular  kena  palu  rupa-nya :  like  a  snake  after 
being  struck  (writhing  in  impotent  pain  and 
wrath) ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  204.  Laksana  tdar 
kena  bedal :  id.  Jtkalau  tdar  menyusor  akar, 
buleh'kah  hilang  bisa-nya  :  if  a  snake  pushes 
under  a  creeper  will  it  lose  its  venom  ?  Will  a 
po^verful  man  lose  his  power  if  he  does  a 
humble  act  ?  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  79.  Gajah  di- 
telan  ular  lidi :  an  elephant  swallowed  by  the 
most  insignificant  of  snakes ;  the  great  over- 
come by  the  mean  or  the  weak ;  Prov.,  Ht. 
Ahm,  Md.,  70.  Perempuwan  itu  langkah  ular 
tiyada  lepas  :  if  that  woman  treads  on  a  snake 
she  will  not  escape,  i.  e.  her  beauty  will  not 
save  her  ;  a  very  ugly  woman  ;    Prov. 

[/.  danu :  (i)  (Kedah)  a  horse-headed  spirit 
snake;  (2)  (Kedah  and  Perak)  a  rainbow ;  = 
(  Riau,  Johor )  pelangi. 

U,  naga :  a  dragon. 

U.'Ular  :  a  pennon,  a  streamer. 


ii^ 


ii.\ 


H: 


f^^ 


uij\ 


Buloh  u. :   a  bamboo  (unidentified). 

Ttdang  w. :  a  species  of  rattan. 

Two  snakes,  the  tdar  itek  and  tdar  chintamani, 
are  also  symbolical  of  good  fortune  (the  former 
in  riches,  the  latter  in  love)  and  are  lucky 
finds ;  v.  chintamani. 


ulor. 

q.  V. 


Letting     go,     slacking ;      better  htdor, 


ulas.  Covering ;  wrapping — as  the  ornamen- 
tal covering  of  a  cushion;  the  folds  (of 
ornamental  cloth)  used  for  hiding  woodwork 
in  the  decorations  used  at  a  wedding;  the 
duriyan  or  nangka  stones  covered  with  the 
edible  flesh  of  the  fruit. 


Ulasan : 
Mai.,  91. 


the  covering  (of  a  cushion) ;    Sej. 


oleng.  The  rocking  of  a  boat  as  caused  by 
people  moving  in  it  from  side  to  side,  and  not 
by  the  force  of  the  waves ;  cf.  guling. 

Oleng-oleng :  a  sort  of  roller  round  which  are 
entwined  the  rudder-ropes  or  tiller-ropes  of 
a  Malay  sailing  ship.  The  ropes  being  wound 
in  opposite  directions,  the  turning  of  this 
roller  winds  up  one  rope  and  lets  out  the 
other,  thereby  turning  the  helm. 

JtU\    olong.     Baidtiri  olong  :  the  yellow  opal. 


ulang.     L     Repetition ;  frequency. 

[7.  aling :  repeatedly  going  and  returning ; 
repeatedly  doing  and  undoing.  Tun  Omar 
pun  pergt'lah  dengan  sa-buwah  pBrahu-nya  ulang 
aling:  Tun  Omar  kept  continually  going 
backwards  and  forwards  (patrolling)  with  his 
one  ship;  Sej.  Mai.,  115. 

Ulang-tdangi :  to  repeat  (of  visits) ;  to  go 
frequently;  to  keep  going  to  any  spot.  Ku 
ulang-tdangi  ktibor-nya  pada  tiyap4iyap  hart  : 
I  visited  her  grave  regularly  every  day;  Ht. 
Abd.,  437. 

Ulangkan :  to  repeat  (any  act). 

Berulang  and  birtdang-ulang :  frequently ; 
repeatedly ;  to  go  again ;  to  continue  any 
course  of  conduct.  Adapun  anjing  itu  jikalau 
di'pukul  sa-kali-pun  berulang-ulang  juga  itu 
kapada  tempat  yang  banyak  tulang  itu :  even  if 
you  beat  a  dog  for  it,  he  will  continue  to 
frequent  the  spot  where  there  are  plenty  of 
bones  to  be  found ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  32. 
A  njing  berulang  bangkai :  a  dog  returning  to 
the  carcase ;  a  man  relapsing  into  filthy 
tastes ;  Prov. 

H.  Ulang'tdang :  an  ornament  of  flowers 
in  a  woman's  head-dress. 


ulong.    Jav. 

cf.  lang. 


Ulong-tdong :  the  sparrow-hawk ; 


ulap.  Ulap'tdap :  keladi  broth — a  preparation 
made  of  coco-nut  milk  and  keladi  (colocasia 
antiquorum) . 


OLAK 


60    ] 


OLAH 


j>; 


A^ 

ji; 


h^ 


oi; 


olak.     An   eddy,    ripple   or   agitation   on  the 

surface  of  the  water,  such  agitation  not  being 
caused  by  the  movement  of  any  body  on  that 
surface ;  a  round  whirling  movement ;  a 
wooden  revolving  reel  used  in  spinning;  a 
deceptive  movement. 

Bagai  ikan  lanipam  di-olak  jamban^  or  bagai 
kangkong  di-olak  jamban :  a  proverb  descriptive 
of  a  person  swollen  out  with  dirty  pride  or 
flourishing  on  filth. 

Dart  Perlak  langsong  Kelantan 
Mengadap  raja  tinggi  berdaulat ; 

Berolak  ayer,  kti-sangka  ikan, 
Pukat  kit  labohf  ikan  t a' -dap at : 

the  water  was  agitated,  I  suspected  a  lish,  I 
cast  down  my  net  and  caught  nothing  at  all. 

Olak-alek :  backwards  and  forwards ;  whirl- 
ing first  in  one  direction  and  then  in  another. 
Chakap  berolak-alek  :  inconsistent  talk. 

Sadikit  chakap  berolak-alek  ; 
Fusing  putar  tut  or  kata-nya  : 

however  brief  his  talk,  it  is  equivocating ;  all 
that  he  says  only  wriggles  round  the  truth. 

Mengolak  :  to  equivocate  ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 
olek.     Lulling  to  sleep ;  a  variant  of  ulit,  q.  v. 

olok.     I.     Joking:  jesting.     Mengolok-olok :  to 

jest  at  any  person's  expense ;  to  hold  a 
man  up  to  ridicule.  Hamba  ta'-stika  di-olok- 
olok :  I  am  not  fond  of  jests  at  my  expense ; 
Sh.  UL,  14. 

Olok-olok  :  a  jester ;  the  name  of  a  bird  ;  see 
s.  V.  ogak. 

II.     A  form  of  chain-stitch. 


oi; 


ulam.  Vegetable  condiments  eaten  with  rice ; 
vegetable  accessories  to  a  dish.  Piichok  dt- 
chinta  (or  di-chita),  ulam  rnendataiig :  just  as 
you  want  young  bamboo  shoots  (to  eat)  the 
vegetables  turn  up ;  to  get  not  exactly  what 
one  wants  or  what  one  bargained  for,  but  still 
something  which  will  meet  the  case ;  Prov., 
Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  17;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  148;  cf. 
s.  V.  upeh.  Upas  benilam  rachtm  :  (one  poison 
eaten  with  another  poison  for  flavouring),  or 
gadong  kechubong  berulanikan  ganja  (intoxicant 
drugs  flavoured  with  Indian  hemp) ;  piling 
Pelion  upon  Ossa;  injury  upon  injury  ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  43,  38,  and  Ht.  Mas,  Ed. 
Ulam  menchari  sambal :  the  vegetables  go  after 
the  pickles,  an  inversion  of  the  usual  order  of 
things,  as  vegetables  are  taken  first  and  pickles 
added  to  flavour  them ;  see  sambal  (which  is 
not  literally  pickle) ;  Prov. 

The  word  ulam  is  applied  to  fruits  (petai^ 
machang,  jering,  etc.)  eaten  with  sambals ;  see 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  IL,  148;  Pel.  Abd.,  37. 

The  form  hulam  often  occurs. 

ulan,  I.  Ulan  tampala  :  a  circular  ornament 
worn  in  the  hair  of  a  bride ;  Kl. 

IL  (Kedah.)  Delightful ;  pleasant  or  enjoy- 
able in  the  extreme. 


^; 


«)j\ 


olon  or  ulun.  I.  Servant;  also  used  (cf. 
hamba  and  sehaya)  as  a  pronoun  of  the  first 
person,     Pikulun :  id, 

II.     A  name   given  to  some  conical   shells 
from  Celebes  ;  co7tiis  miles  and  conns  lithoglyphus. 


ulu.  The  ancient  Indonesian  word  for  ''head," 
a  word  which  has  been  superseded  in  ordinary 
use  by  the  Sanskrit  kepala  but  which  still 
survives  in  respectful  language  when  speaking 
of  a  raja's  head,  and  in  a  number  of  idiomatic 
expressions ;  the  handle  of  a  weapon  or  tool ; 
the  upper  watershed  of  a  river.     Also  hnln, 

Ulu-nya  di-riba  uleh-nya  puteri :  the  princess 
laid  his  head  on  her  lap;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  7. 
Memmdok'kan  tilu:  to  bow  the  head — of  a  raja; 
Sh.  Dag.,  13.  Pening  ulu :  giddiness ;  Ht. 
Mas.  Ed.;  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  3.  Gering  ulu:  head- 
ache ;  =  sakit  kepala,  but  confined  to  Court 
language ;  Ht.  Koris.  Bulang  ulu  :  the  fillet 
on  a  raja's  head ;  v.  bnlangy  a  term  of  endear- 
ment ;  Sh.  Bid.,  5.  Junjongan  ulu :  "  that 
which  is  borne  on  the  head,"  i.  e.y  the  sovereign- 
ty of  another;  a  term  of  endearment;  Sh, 
Kumb.  Chumb.,  4 ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  6. 

U.  balang :  a  warrior  ;  an  officer  ;  v.  «L1a. 

[/.  hati :  (literally)  the  highest  portion  of  the 
heart  and  liver ;  tne  liver.  Sakit  idn  hati :  pain 
under  the  shoulder  blades ;  liver  complaint. 
Tulang  tUu  hati,  and  tulang  sudu  hati :  the 
xiphoid  process. 

U,  kepala :  the  upper  portion  of  the  head. 

C7.  keris  :  the  handle  of  a  keris,  U.  pedang  : 
the  handle  of  a  sword ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  27. 
U,  pahat :  the  handle  of  a  chisel.  [/.  alu  :  the 
upper  portion  of  a  betel-nut  crusher.  Keris 
berhulu  chula :  a  keris  with  a  handle  of  dragon- 
horn  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  134. 

Buwah  u. :  a  cake ;  v.  baulu. 

Gula  u, :  kabong  juice  boiled  for  several  hours. 

Dahulu :  before,  previous,  prior  ;  v.   J  ybj  . 

Penghulu  or  penguin :  a  chief ;  head  ;  the  head 
of  a  body  of  men ;  the  director — as  distinct 
from  the  person  who  carries  out  the  directions; 
(penglima,  v.  lima),  A  distinction  is  some- 
times drawn  by  using  penghulu  of  the  Prophet 
Muhammad  alone,  and  penguin  of  a  native 
headman  or  chief,  but  this  distinction  is  not 
invariably  observed. 


olah.  Manner ;  way  of  doing  things  ;  explan- 
ation of  the  way  things  are  done ;  excuse ; 
attitude  taken  up.  Banyak  olah :  changeful, 
capricious  and  vacillating,  an  equivalent  of 
banyak  ragam ;  also  duplicity ;  treacherous. 

Olah  elah :  duplicity. 

Perolah :  fastidious. 

Sa-olah-olah :  about  the  same  in   manner  or 
appearance  as ;  similar  to. 


ULEH 


[    6i     ] 


AWAN 


a)j\  uleh.  By  means  of;  through  the  medium  of ; 
owing  to.  Jatoh  ka-dalam  sungai  uleh  mabok- 
nya :  fell  into  the  river  owing  to  his  being 
drunk.  Uleh-nya  :  by  him.  Dupcrbuwat  uleh- 
nya :  made  by  him ;  it  was  made  by  him. 
Benileh:  to  obtain.  Ada-pun  akan  tihat 
baginda  itu  sukar4ah  benileh  diya  :  the  medicine 
for  His  Majesty  is  most  difficult  to  obtain ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  5. 

Pendeh  :  to  have  obtained ;  to  own  or  possess. 

Pemlehan :  that  which   has  been  obtained ; 
one's  acquisition. 

Biileh :  (to  be  able  to)  is  a  derivative  of  uleh ; 
V.  biileh, 

(J^y    aula.     Arab.     Cleverer,  wiser. 

d»y  ulai.  The  name  of  an  edible  salt-water 
shell-fish. 

Lpj^  uli.  I.  Kneading;  squeezing  down— as  dis- 
tinct from  merely  stirring  dough.  Ulian : 
a  kind  of  cake. 

Also  (  Kedah )  huli. 

II.     Uli'Uli  :  the  loading  of  a  (  muzzle  load- 
ing )  cannon  ;  ramming  down  the  charge. 
Also  (  Kedah )  huli. 


\^J\ 


p' 


h^ 


h^ 


auliya'.  Arab.  Saints  ;  friends  of  God ;  the 
plural  of  wall,  q.  v.  The  word  is,  however, 
often  used  in  Malay  as  a  singular ;  a  saint ;  a 
friend  of  God. 

Datang'lah   aiiliyd''    dart  Maghrabi, 
Berhenti  di-ntmah   Siti   ^Arabi : 

there  came  a  holy  man  from  Morocco,  w^ho 
stayed  at  the  Arabian  lady's  house  ;  Sh.  UL,  3. 

aum.     ( Onom. )     A  sound  such  as  that  made 
by  a  crowd  of  people ;  a  low  deep  sound  such 
as  the  moaning  of  a  mourner  when  the  first 
paroxysm  of  weeping  is  over ;  the  growling  of 
a  tiger,  or  of  a  lion  ( singa  )  ;    Ht.  Jay.  Asm. 
Ttman  laksana  rimau  garang,  mengaum  sehaja  \ 
ta'-tnakan  orang :  you.  Sir,   resemble  a  fierce  I 
tiger  which  only  growls  and  does  not  eat  men  ;  | 
your  bark  is  worse  than  your  bite  ;  Prov.  I 

omong.  I.  A  mark  placed  by  a  man  at  a  | 
spot  where  he  proposes  to  erect  fishing-stakes ;  | 
Sh.  Lamp.,  6.   "  I 

II.  M^w^owo;!^ :  to  meet  or  crowd  together,  i 

III.  Idle,  empty,   (of  talk);    idle  gossip.  | 
Mengomong  :  to  gossip.  j 

umang.  Umang-umang  or  umang-timang  bang- 
kai :  a  hermit-crab ;  a  kind  of  small  crab  which 
takes  up  its  quarters  in  shells;  a  term  of 
derision  applied  to  a  man  decked  out  in 
borrowed  plumes. 

Kalau  tuwan  tidor  dt-bantal  (bantai^  Pg.J 

Rasa  tiyada  mahii  Una; 
Tuwan   laksana  umang-umang  bangkai, 
Kulit   orang  kata  sendiri  punya : 


,'^t^ 


you,  Sir,  are  like  a  hermit  crab,  claiming- 
another  man's  skin  as  your  own.  Sarang 
unam  di-masoki  ketam  menjadi  umang-umang  :  a 
shell  with  a  crab  in  it  is  called  an  umang- 
umang :  the  same  thing  in  different  circum- 
stances has  different  names ;  Prov. 


Vj\    umum.       Obscure,    complicated.       Pekerjai 
1  Lela  terlalu  umum  :  this  lady's  business  is  mc 


an 
most 


involved  ;  Sh.  UL,  18.  Umum  lagi  surat  ini : 
this  letter  is  very  difficult  to  understand ;  Ht. 
Best.,  30. 


Cy'y  uman.  Menguman  :  to  protract  any  story  ; 
to  keep  harping  on  the  same  string ;  to  keep 
repeating  oneself.  Uman-uman :  a  bore ; 
monotonous  repetition. 

^jy  awan.  A  cloud  ;  the  clouds  generally  ;  tracery 
or  design  ;  patterns  of  a  cloud-like  or  wavy 
appearance.  Berbaju  sutera  awan-nya  jingga  : 
wearing  a  coat  of  silk  with  an  orange-coloured 
pattern  on  it ;  Sh.  Bid.,  26. 

The  principal  art  patterns  described  as  awan 
are  as  follows  : — 

A ,  bclanda  :  pictorial  foliage ;  foliation  in  art. 

A .  berjentera  :  the  circle  in  art ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

A .  berlapis :  work  in  folds  of  material,  one 
showing  through  the  cuttings  in  the  other. 

A .  bevsilap  :  interwoven  tracery  in  art. 

A.  biji  timun:  the  lozenge  pattern. 

A .  china  :  the  Greek  fret. 

A .  dendan :  plaited  ornament ;  the  plait  in  art. 

A,  jawa  :  a  mixed  treatment;  foliation  com- 
bined with  other  forms  of  decorative  art. 

A,  puchok  rebong :  chevrons,  in  art. 

A.  selimpat :  scroll  fret ;  Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  2  ; 
Ht.  Koris. 

A .  telepok  :  marquetry  ( in  geometrical  pat- 
terns only). 

A,  larat  or  a,  melarat :  a  pattern  (unidenti- 
fied) ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.;  Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  3. 

The  following  terms  are  applied  to  the  nature 
of  the  work  : — 

A.kerawang:  fretwork;  cutting  through  the 
material ;  Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  10. 

A .  tenggelam  :  incised  work. 

A .  fimbul :  carving  in  relief. 

The  following  terms  are  applied  to  clouds  and 
sometimes  to  patterns  imitating  cloud  forms : — 

A .  bakat  kiming  :  clouds  tinged  with  yellow, 

A .  bakat  merah :  clouds  tinged  with  red. 

A .  mega  berarak  :  fleecy  clouds. 

A .  mengandong  hujan :  a  black  rain -cloud. 

A .  pengarak  angin :  white  clouds  driving 
across  the  sky  and  presaging  wind. 

A .  pengarak  hujan  :  black  gathering  clouds 
presaging  a  storm  of  rain, 

Blrawan  ;  ( i )  having  a  pattern  ( in  contra- 
distinction to  plain ) ;  ( 2 )  rising  to  the  clouds ; 
in  the  clouds;  see  m^rawan  and  mengawan, 
infra. 


UWAN 


[    62    ] 


OH 


,\ 


cr'y 


t^ 


Di-awan  :  ( literally )  in  the  clouds ;  apper- 
taining to  the  clouds;  exalted.  Barang  di- 
awan  :  a  heavenly  thing,  a  noble  thing ;  Ht. 
Koris.  Nuri  di-awan :  oh,  noble  lory ;  Sh. 
Bur.  Nuri.,  12.  Puteri  di-awan :  a  princess 
of  the  clouds;  Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  156. 

Mambang  di-awan :  the  name  of  a  peculiar 
race  of  spirits — the  personification  of  natural 
phenomena  such  as  certain  forms  of  the  even- 
ing glow  or  patches  of  luminous  haze.  These 
spirits  are  believed  to  adversely  affect  the 
fortunes  of  people  who  see  them. 

Mengawan  :  to  soar.  Gunong  itu  jikalau  di- 
pandang  mengawan-awan  tinggi-nya  gunong  itu  : 
if  one  looked  at  the  mountain,  it  seemed  to 
soar  into  the  very  clouds;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 
Bunga  di-bawa  mengawan :  the  flower  was 
borne  aloft ;  Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  50. 

Mari   di-bunoh   Indcra   bangsawan, 
Di-main   anak   dewa   udara ; 

Tinggal-lah   tuwan,    abang  mengawan, 
Tinggal-lah  jangan   berhati   lara  : 

stay,  lady,  your  lover  will  be  soaring  away 
from  you ;  sta)^  and  do  not  be  depressed  ( at 
his  absence) ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  16. 

Merawan  :  in  the  clouds.  Tinggi  merawan 
or  tinggi  berawan  :  rising  to  the  clouds. 


Q*\  UWan.  A  Malay  title  in  common  use  in  the 
Northern  Malay  States.  It  is  borne  by  the 
immediate  descendants  of  Malay  titled  digni- 
taries (orang  bergelar)  if  those  descendants 
have  no  right  to  any  higher  title.  The  title 
itself  is  cognate  to  the  word  tuwan.  Cf.  tengku 
and  engku;  see  also  inegat. 

This  word  is  usually  shortened  to  wan. 

^y  Onar.  [  Pers.  J^  .]  Shame,  ;  disgrace  ;  see 
honar. 


Onis.  Pallor,  want  of  colour  in  the  face. 
Muka-nya  puchat  mtis :  his  face  was  extremely 
pale;  Ht.  Perb.  Wij.  Sayang  muka  yang 
manis  jadi  onis  :  it  were  a  pity  that  that  sweet 
face  should  lose  its  colour;  Ht.  Perb.  Jay. 


^jaJa\    unus.     Unsheathing;  better  hunus,  q,  v. 


oneilg.  Remote  descendants,  descendants  in 
the  fifth,  sixth,  or  seventh  generation.  Ma- 
shhur-lah  warta  ka-oneng-oneng  :  its  fame  will 
endure  for  generations ;  the  news  of  it  will  be 
known  to  our  remote  descendants;  Sh.  Panj. 
Sg. 

The  exact  sequence  and  number  of  the  names 
of  the  generations  is  a  point  on  which  it  is 
impossible  to  find  consistency.  The  follow- 
ing are  given :  (i)  anak,  (2)  chuchu,  (3)  chichit, 
{^)  piyut,  (5)  oneng-oneng;  or  (i)  anak,  (2)  chu- 
chu,  (3)  chichit,  (4)  piyut,  (5)  piyat,  (6)  oneng- 
oneng  ;  or  (i)  anak,  (2)  chuchu,  (3)  chichit^  (4) 
chuwit,  (5)  gamit,  (6)  piyut,  {7)  oneng-oneng. 
Some  of  these  are  probably  fanciful  variants 
of  others. 


w— i!j\    unap.     Mengunap :  to   go   alone  or  unaccom- 
panied ;  Kl. 

^^y    onak.     Barb-like  thorns  ;  thorns  which  do  not 

project  at  right  angles  to  the  twig  on  which 
they  are  found ;  the  long  thorny  trailers  of  the 
rattan ;  thorns  which  turn  back  at  the  point 
and  from  which  it  is  hard  to  extricate  oneself; 
cf.  duri  (thorns  projecting  at  right  angles); 
and  sonak  ( the  hard  barb-like  projections  on 
the  back  of  certain  fish  of  the  ray  type).  Onak 
dan  akar  mengait  sakaliyan  :  the  thorns  and 
climbers  kept  catching  them  all  ( and  imped- 
ing progress) ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  37.  Mati  terkapan 
onak  dan  duri  :  dead  and  enshrouded  in  thorns 
and  prickles;  dead, — lost  in  the  forest;  Ht. 
GuL  Bak.,  30.  Kechil  anak;  besar  onak : 
when  young,  your  child ;  when  old,  a  thorn  in 
your  side;  Prov.,  cf.  J.  S.  A.  S.,  H.,  149. 

ra\    onam  or  unam.  An  edible  shell-fish,  a  species 
'  of  murex.     Sarang  unam  di-masoki  ketam  men- 

jadi  umang-umang :  when  a  crab  gets  into  an 
unam's  shell  the  result  is  the  animal  known  as 
the  umang-umang :  the  same  thing  in  different 
circumstances  has  different  names ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  54. 

The  name  unam  is  also  given  to  the  onyx. 
^a\    one.     One-one  :  a  Malay  sweetmeat. 

f^y  UHai.  Soft,  moist  and  odorous.  Minyak  unai  : 
a  perfumed  grease  smeared  behind  the  ear. 
Unai  is  also  applied  to  the  droppings  of  fowls. 

toy  awah.  Clear,  of  the  vision;  clear-sighted; 
KL     Cf.  awas,  lawas  and  lawah. 

^y  UWeh.  A  word  used  as  a  familiar  pronoun 
of  the  second  person  between  husband  and 
wife  and  between  intimate  friends.     Also  weh, 

iSy    ui.     [Chin,     hui.]     Earthenware. 

joA    uyong.     Shaking,  swaying ;  see  huyong. 

^^y  onyak.  Shaking  as  a  tooth  or  loose  paling. 
Onyak-anyek  :  id.  (frequentative) ;  dawdling  or 
loitering  over  one's  work  ;  cf.  ungah-angeh. 

\^ly  onyok.  Mengonyok :  to  press  forward ;  to  push 
on;  KL 

to\    ah.     An  exclamation  of  pain ;  an  interjection 
expressive  of  anguish. 

ib\    ah.      An     exclamation    of   wonderment     and 
sometimes  of  dissent ;    **  what !  '* 

fb\    oh.     An  interjection  expressive  of  sudden  re- 
collection ;  **  oh  !  I  have  it." 


ABL 


[    63    ] 


AYAT 


y 


>\ 


JW 


o» 


iU 


^U 


CTrf 


ahl.  Arab.  Family ;  people  ;  men  who  do, 
or  are  experienced  in,  anything.  Ahlu'n-nu- 
jmn  :  people  versed  in  astrology ;  astrologers. 
Ahlu'l-Kurdn :  a  man  versed  in  the  Koran. 
Ahlu'S'Sha'ir :  poets.  AhluH-makav  :  a  trick- 
ster. 

Cf.  ahlt. 

ahli.  [  Arab.  adj.  of  ahl,  q.  v.  ]  Versed  in  ; 
experienced  in  ;  an  adept  in.  Ahlt  dalam pen- 
gajiyan  Kurdn :  versed  in  the  reading  of  the 
Koran. 

This  word  is  sometimes  used  in  Malay  where 
Ja\  only  would  be  used  in  Arabic.  Ahli 
isteri-nya  :  his  wife's  relatives. 

ihmal.     Arab.     To  omit,  to  neglect. 
aho.     An  interjection  of  summons. 

ai,  or  e.  An  interjection  expressive  of  eager- 
ness, especially  of  eager  approval.  Ai  kelagi- 
lagi,  saperti  Belanda  minta  tanah :  yes,  more, 
more,  as  a  Dutchman  says  when  applying  for 
land ;  ''  the  fault  of  the  Dutch  is  giving  too 
little  and  asking  too  much  ; ''  Prov.,  J.S.A.S., 
III.,  20. 

iya.  The  pronoun  of  the  third  person ;  he ; 
she ;  it ;  they  ;  them  ;  him  ;  it  is  so  ;  yes. 
Datang-lah  iya :  he,  she,  it,  or  they  came. 
lya-kah  atau  tidak  :  yes  or  no. 

Mengiyakan  :  to  say  yes  ;  to  admit ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  123. 


ayapan.  Dressed  meat ;  cooked  victuals ; 
food — in  refined  language  only  and  confined  in 
use  to  the  food  prepared  for  a  raja, 

ayyam.      [Arab.  plur.  ofyanm,  day.]  Days. 

iba.      [Arab.  ,...,.^,  hibba,   love.]       Yearning; 

love,  regret,  passionate  longing. 

Puchok  paku  di'perbtiwat  timba; 

Terbang   bangau   dari  sa-berang  ; 
Tidak    kuwasa  menanggong   iba, 

Diidok   termangau   sa-orang-orang : 

I  am  powerless  to  restrain  my  passion;  I 
sit  day-dreaming  in  loneliness ;  Sh.  Kumb. 
Chumb.,  6. 

^/\j\    ibar.     Ibar-ibar :    a  small  river  dug  out  with 
very  little  freeboard, 

j'\j\    ibor.     Consolation  ;  usually  hibor,  q.  v. 


A    ibus.      A   species   of  palm    (unidentified   but 
not  the  equivalent  oiibul). 

Kerat   ibus   berbtiwat  karong ; 
Sayang   karong   berisi  padi : 
split  the  ibus  palm  to  work  into  karongs  ( sacks 
of  matting) ;  alas  for  the  karongs  that  are  filled 
with  padi !  ( from  a  Pantun. ) 


L?^J 


ebeng.  Mmgebeng :  to  sway  the  body  back- 
wards or  to  the  side — as  a  dancing  girl ;  to 
move  slightly  to  the  side  so  as  to  permit  a 
person  to  pass  by. 

Also  embeng. 

ebek.  A  sun-sail ;  a  sloping  blind  attached  to 
the  top  of  a  door  and  held  out  by  poles  so  as 
not  to  impede  the  air-circulation  while  shad- 
ing the  entrance  against  the  sun. 


^j  ibul.  A  palm  (unidentified) ;  Sej,  MaL,  165. 
The  word  is  also  applied  to  define  a  peculiar 
way  of  dressing  the  hair. 

^\    ebam.     A  cylindrical  covered  cup  of  porcelain. 

^\    ebom.     (Kedah.)     Broad  and  long ;    larg« 
r*        every  respect. 


j^' 


e  in 


ijy]  eban.  The  act  of  casting  anything  to  one 
side  or  the  other  ;  throwing  aside  ;  flinging  out 
of  the  way.     Also  heban. 


i\    ibau.     An  edible  salt-water  mussel. 


[\  ibu.  Mother;  dam,  of  animals;  source,  mat- 
rix ;  the  elemental  or  primary  portion  of  anj^- 
thing.  Saudara  sa-ibu  :  a  brother  by  the  same 
mother  ;  a  uterine  brother.  Ibu-bapa  :  mother 
and  father;  parents,  Anak  ayam  kehilangan 
ibu  :  chickens  which  have  lost  their  mother ; 
people  who  have  lost  their  heads ;  Prov.  Jika 
tidak  di-sembahkan  mati  ibu,  dan  hendak  di-shn- 
bahkan  mati  bapa  :  if  we  tell  him  ( the  Raja )  it 
will  mean  death  to  our  mothers ;  and  if  we 
don't  tell  him,  our  fathers  will  die ; — a  choice 
of  evils  ;  Hobson's  choice ;  Prov.,  Sri  Rama 
(  Maxw, ),  23,  50.  IbU'Suri :  princely  mother  ; 
Ht.  Mas.  Ed. 

/.  gajah-gajah:  (Riau)  the  whimbrel,  nuntenius 
phceopus ;  (Daik)  the  grey  plover,  squatarola 
helvetica. 

L  jari :  the  thumb  ;  see  infra. 

I.  kaki :  the  big  toe. 

7.  pasir :  gravel. 

7.  pembengisan :  the  mother  of  cruelty ;  the 
source  of  cruel  deeds. 

7.  tangan :  the  thumb ;  also  i.  jari, 

Tiyang  ibu  rumah  and  tingkap  ibu  rumah :  see 
s.  V.  tiyang  and  tingkap. 

\  ayat.  ( Arab.  ^\. )  A  text  from  the  Koran  ; 
Muj.,  5. 

Baju  a, :  a  coat  worn  in  war-time ;  a  coat 
embroidered  with  texts. 

Ayat  is  used  by  Abdullah  to  define  a  *'  verse  " 
in  the  Bible.  Fasal  yang  pertama  ayat  yang 
keduwa:  first  chapter,  second  verse  (of  St. 
Matthew's  Gospel) ;  Ht.  Abd.,  182. 


AYUT 


[    64    ] 


EDAH 


t-i*i\ 


j^3 


ayut.  ( Coarse. )  Sexual  intercourse  ;  also 
ayok ;  an  equivalent  of  ampiit, 

Aytd-ayutan  or  ayok-ayotan :  a  priapus.    Main 
ayok-ayotan  :  a  form  of  ainoj'  lesbictis. 

itu.  That.  This  word  is  often  used  merely 
as  a  definite  pronoun,  ''the."  Situ:  that 
place.  Dart  situ :  thence.  Di-situ :  there. 
Bagitu:  thus. 


J- 


r 


Ti 


J* 


tS 


itong  or  etong. 

hitong. 


Calculation,  reckoning;  see 


\    itu.     That;  v.  ^\ 


^    eja.      [Arab.  \^.]      SpelHng. 


Ejaan:  spelhng ;  orthography;  the  correct 
spelling.  Mengeja :  to  spell ;  also,  to  read 
slowly,  spelling  out  the  words. 

ejit.  Mockery.  Ejit-ejitan:  teasing,  mocking; 
Arabian  Nights,  176. 

Also  ejek,     Cf.  jijeL 

ejong.  The  name  of  a  Malayan  tribe  in  the 
Riau  Archipelago. 

ejek.  Mengejek  :  to  tease.  Mcinperejekkan  : 
id.,  Sh.  Sh.  'Al.,  16.     Also  ejit,  q.  v. 

ijok.  The  name  of  a  fibrous  vegetable  sub- 
stance resembling  horse-hair  which  envelopes 
the  stem  of  certain  palms.  It  is  used  in 
making  ropes,  matting,  coarse  sacking,  etc. ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata ;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  9. 

Tali  i. :  rope  made  of  this  fibre ;  Ht.  Si. 
Misk.,  52. 


^^'    ijin.      [Arab.  ^^\ .  ]     Permission ;  v.  ^\^\ ^ 
^^    ijau.     Green ;  better  hijau,  q.  v. 


itek.  Duck;  the  duck.  Itek  di-ajar  berenang : 
to  teach  a  duck  how  to  swam — to  teach  a  man 
what  he  already  knows;  Prov.,  J.S.A.S., 
XL,  39.  The  form  huwaya  di-ajar  herenang 
also  occurs. 

7.  ayer^  i,  laut  and  i.  hulii :  varieties  of  the 
wild  duck.  /.  stirati  and  /'.  menila :  varieties 
of  the  domestic  duck. 

Peler  i.,  sAso  p elite k  :  an  auger. 

Sudu  i, :  the  upper  portion  of  the  plank  next 
the  rudder. 

Ulari,:  a  snake  (unidentified),  the  finding 
of  which  is  believed  to  presage  the  acquisition 
of  wealth ;  see  ular. 

In  pantuns,  itek  often  stands  for  the  lover, 
and  ayam  for  the  mistress. 

itam.     Black ;  better  hitam,  q,  v. 


l4 


^Jg\ 


iJ^\ 


0ju\ 


Habis-lah 
travelled 
Ht.  Gul. 


idar  or  edar.     Change   of  position ;    revolu- 
tion ;  circulation ;  rotation  ;  movement. 

Idari   and   mengidari :    to   wander   round  or 
about  any  place ;  to  travel  about. 
di'idari    berpuloh-puloh   negeri :     he 
over  scores  (lit.  tens)   of  states; 
Bak.,  51. 

Idarkan,  memperidarkan  and  mengidarkan : 
to  send  round;  to  pass  round;  to  hand  about. 
Maka  baginda  pun  mengidarkan  puwan-nya 
seraya  bertitah  makan-lah  sireh  saudagar :  the 
prince  passed  round  his  sireh-txdcy,  saying : 
**  Take  some  sireh,  merchant ; "  Ht.  Bakht.,  20. 

Beridar :  revolving;  to  be  in   movement  or 
revolution, 
planet. 

Peridaran :  revolution 
the  chances  and  changes  of  mortal  life ;  the 
changes  brought  about  by  time.  Sa-lama  ada 
peridaran  chakerawala  ya-itu  mata-hari  dan 
bulan :  so  long  as  the  revolution  of  the  firma- 
ment continues,   that  is,   as  long  as  the  sun 


Bintang  b. 


a  wandering  star ;  a 
change.     P,  dunya : 


expression  for 
of     epistolary 


and  moon  revolve — a  favourite 
eternity      in     the      language 
correspondence. 

The  form  iitdar  also  occurs;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat., 
65  ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 

idong.     Nose  ;  better  hidong,  q.  v, 

idap.  The  protraction  of  illness,  sorrow  or 
pining ;  lingering  on  in  sickness.     Idapan :  id. 

Mengidap  and  mengidapkan :  to  linger  on  un- 
healed— of  a  sick  or  sorrowing  man.  Mengi- 
dap penyakit  luka  hati-ku :  protracting  the 
misery  of  that  wound  to  my  heart ;  Ht.  Abd., 
448.  Mengidapkan  rayu  :  to  prolong  sorrow  or 
love;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  14. 

idam.  The  longings  of  a  pregnant  woman. 
I  daman  and  idam4daman  :  the  nature  of  those 
longings  ;  the  things  longed  for  ;  Ht.  Koris  ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  27. 

Idamkan  and  mengidamkan :  to  long  for  (  any- 
thing)— of  a  pregnant  woman;  Ht.  Koris; 
Ht.  Si.  Misk.,  8. 


edan.  Jav.  Mad ;  madness ;  =  gila.  In 
Malay,  however,  the  word  is  purely  literary 
and  is  almost  always  confined  to  the  meaning 
of  love-madness. 

Edan  kesmaran  :  madness  in  love.  Menang- 
gong  edan  kesmaran :  to  be  madly  in  love ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Memberi  edan  kesmaran :  to  rouse 
passionate  love  in  others ;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed. ;  Ht. 
Sh. 

The  form  edan  asmara  also  occurs  ;  Sh.  Kumb. 
Chumb,,  4. 

edah.  Speaking  from  a  distance  ;  conversing 
when  separated  by  a  fairly  considerable  gap ; 
the  talk  of  persons  who  are  not  close  to  one 
another — as  when  a  person  at  the  window  of 
a  house  talks  to  a  man  in  the  street,  or  as 
when  a  man  in  a  ship  accosts  a  passing  boat. 


AYER 


[    65    ] 


IRAMA 


jA  ayer  or  ayar.  Water ;  a  liquid ;  juice  ;  sap ; 
liquid  ;  secretions  of  all  sorts.  Ada  ayer  ada- 
lah  ikan  :  where  water  is  there  will  fish  also  be 
found;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  90. 

Saperti  orang  mentiwangkan  sa-chawan  ayer 
tawar  ka-dalam  laut :  like  a  man  pouring  a  cup 
of  fresh  water  into  the  sea  ( with  a  view  to 
making  it  drinkable ) — a  hopelessly  inadequate 
performance ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  357. 

Ayer  ptm  ada  pasang  surut :  even  water  has  its 
high  and  low  tides ;  if  the  sea  level  changes, 
how  much  more  must  a  man's  circumstances 
change ;  Prov.  Mandi  ombak,  mandi  angin ; 
keroh  ayer,  ayer  laut :  when  the  sea  is  break- 
ing in  waves  and  is  stirred  up  by  wind,  it  seems 
to  be  made  of  dirty  water ;  when  a  wife  wastes 
in  folly  the  money  which  her  husband  works 
hard  to  obtain  it  seems  to  others  that  he  is 
working  for  a  foolish  end ;  Prov.  Bakar-lah 
ayer  ambil  abu-nya :  burn  water  and  collect  its 
ashes  ;  do  the  impossible  ;  Prov. 

A.  anggor  or  a.  buwah  anggor :  wine. 

A.anjing:  (Johor)  a  plant,  homalmm 
fcetidum, 

A .  atas  :  water  power  when  used  to  throw 
earth  into  the  sluicing  races. 

A .  ayer :  a  plant,  Cr. ;  a  fish,  C.  and  S. 

A .  bah  :  a  flood  ;  water  flowing  into  the  padi 
fields. 

A ,  bakat :  a  whirlpool. 

A.  balek  daun  :  tide  beginning  to  turn. 

A .  basoh  tangan :  water  for  washing  one's 
hands  in — a  metaphorical  expression  signifying 
that  anything  is  absolutely  in  one's  power; 
V.  basoh. 

A .  batu  and  a.  beku  :  ice. 

A.  bekal :  water  taken  for  use  on  a  journey ; 
a  store  of  water. 

A .  bena  :  a  tidal  bore. 

A .  berolak  :  an  eddy. 

A .  emas  :  gold  paint. 

A,gtda:  syrup;  eaii  sucree ;  cf.  a.  seterup. 

A .  hendayong  :  water  taken  from  the  roof  of 
the  mouth  (used  in  incantations). 

A .  hidong :  water  from  the  nostrils. 

A .  Mras  :  strong  spirits. 

A .  laut :  sea-water. 

A.  lebah  and  a,  madu :  honey. 

A,  liyor :  saliva. 

A .  lolok  :  (  Selangor )  eddying  water  ;  also  a. 
blrolak, 

A .  madu  :  honey. 

A.  mam :  semen. 

A.  masin  :  salt  water. 

A .  mata  :  tears. 

A .  matt :  dead  low  water. 

A*  mawar :  rose-water.  Bunga  a.  mawar: 
the  rose. 

A,  mengorang:  tide  beginning  to  fall. 

A ,  minum  :  drinking-water* 


A .  muka :  the  general  look  of  the  face.  A  ku 
binasakan  ayer  muka-nya  :  I  will  spoil  his  happy 
look ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  44. 

A .  pasang ;  the  rising  tide.  A .  pasang  keling : 
the  highest  tide  in  the  year. 

A.peloh:  perspiration;  sweat. 

A .  perekat :  gum  ;  glue. 

A .  rabong :  the  tide  at  its  highest. 

A.  sebak  :  a  flood  ;  v.  sebak, 

A .  sembahyang :  water  used  in  a  mosque. 

A.  seni :  urine;  Ht.  Hamz.,  2. 

A .  simbar :  rough  water  caused  by  tides 
meeting. 

A .  sopi  :  liqueur. 

A.  sorong  buih :  tide  on  the  turn. 

A .  surut :  a  falling  tide  ;  the  ebb. 

A.  susu :  milk. 

A ,  tawar  :  fresh  water. 

A .  teh  :  tea. 

A .  tengah  tunipah  :  half  ebb. 

A,  terjun  :  a  waterfall. 

A .  ukup  :  perfumed  water, 

Anak  a. :  a  small  stream  or  spring. 

Batang  a. :  a  river. 

Bunga  a. :  the  name  of  a  fish.     Cr. 

Biiwang  a. :  to  ease  oneself.  Buwang  a. 
kechil  or  buwang^  a,  sent :  to  make  water. 
Penyakit  buwang  a, :  diarrhoea.  Phiyakit 
buwang  a,  darah :  dysentery. 

Gayong  a. ;  a  spoon. 

Juling  a, :  a  slight  cast  in  the  eye. 

Limbangan  a, :  a  tidal  race. 

Mata  a. ;  a  spring. 

Ptntn  a, :  a  water-gate. 

Sawah  a,  :  surf  or  breakers  on  a  sunken  rock. 

Tali  a. :  a  stream  for  irrigating  padt-fields. 

Tanah  a, :  territories. 

Tikas  a, :  high-water  mark. 

Berayer :  ( i )  to  be  covered  with  water ;  e,  g., 
tanah  b, :  land  suitable  for  padi  cultivation  ;  a 
padi  swamp;  (2)  to  make  water— used  of 
sufferers  from  incontinence  of  urine ;  ( 3 )  to 
be  possessed  of  water;  to  have  water;  to 
secrete  any  fluid ;  e,  g.,  ibu-ku  itu  tiyada  berayer 
susu :  my  mother  had  no  milk  ( to  suckle  her 
child);  Ht.  Abd.,  18. 

Keayeran:  to  admit  water;  to  leak — of  a 
vessel.  Kenaikan  itu-pun  keayeran  :  the  ship 
leaked  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  46. 

^\    ira.     Ira-ira:  a  fish  (unidentified). 


jiu\    irama.     I.     A  measure  in  music;  Kl. 

n.    Payong  irama:    a  state  umbrella;    v. 


ERET 


[    66    ] 


ISANG 


w^J 


^J'J 


uv-^ 


\ 


6-3 


b-^ 


eret.  Pulling  back;  drawing  back.  Biuret 
uleh  Tiran  Shah :  Tiran  Shah  pulled  him  back ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Nakhoda  pun  di-eret  orang  Ur- 
jun :  the  captain  was  pulled  back  by  the 
people  going  down  ;  Sh.  Peng.,  ig. 

Mengeretkan  :  to  draw  back.  M.perisai:  to 
draw  back  a  shield ;  Ht.  Sh,  Kub. 

The  form  herd  occurs. 

erut.  Twisted ;  bent ;  turned ;  awry.  Erut 
hujong  hidong'fiya  ka-kiri :  the  point  of  his 
nose  turned  towards  the  left ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
153. 

Erang-emt :  twisted  ;  crooked  ;  awry. 

Also  (Kedah)  herot  and  herut ;    Sh.  Dag.,   16. 

iras.  Resemblance,  connection,  family  like- 
ness. Sadikit  tidak  iras-nya  baginda  :  the  king 
had  no  relatives ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  30. 

Keris  ganja  iras  :  a  keris,  the  blade  proper  of 
which  is  in  one  piece  with  the  aring ;  Ht.  Raj. 
Don.,  13,  Perahu  ganja  iras  :  a  boat,  of  which 
the  parts  known  as  the  Uitup  niuka  and  the 
huwaya-biiwaya  are  in  one  piece. 

Also  (Kedah)  ara$, 

iris.  Cutting  into  strips,  slicing  ;  better  hiris^ 
q.  V. 

erang.  I.  Jav.  Black,  dark  blue,  dark  red; 
Kl.,  Pijn. 

IL  Erang-enit:  twisted,  crooked,  awry;  see 
erut, 

erong.  I.  A  small  Chinese  porcelain  cup ; 
also  called  a  chawan  garam, 

n.  Erong-erong :  the  holes  through  which 
water  is  discharged  into  the  sea  from  the 
scuppers  of  a  ship. 

HI.  To  move  a  thing  so  as  to  leave  it  in  a 
slanting  or  irregular  position,  as  compared 
with  other  objects  in  the  same  row. 

Pahat  erong :  a  chisel  with  a  blade  which  is 
set  so  as  to  cut  objects  somewhat  at  an  angle. 

Cf.  erangf  erut  and  serong. 

iring.  Succession  in  space,  not  in  time; 
following  one  behind  another ;  continuous 
following ;  procession  behind, 

Iringan :  following  in  succession  ;  the  space 
immediately  behind  anything;  the  people 
immediately  following  anyone  in  a  procession. 
Di-bawa-nya  dudok  ka-sa-belak  iringan  kanan- 
nya :  he  ( the  raja )  conducted  him  to  a  place 
on  the  right-hand  side  of  the  procession  im- 
mediately behind  the  raja ;  Ht,  Mar.  Mah. 
BSriring'iringan  :  in  long  procession. 

Iringkan  and  mengiringkan  :  to  follow  ( any- 
one )  in  procession. 

Mengiring  and  mengiringi :  to  walk  in  pro- 
cession ;  to  be  in  a  line  with.  Adayang  men- 
giring jalan :  some  ( houses )  were  parallel  to 
the  road;  Pel.  Abd.,  34. 


"iK' 


^Ji^ 


j..\ 


3^^ 


Pengiring :  an  attendant ;  a  follower ;  one 
of  the  suite  of  a  raja,  Duwa  bilas  kechi  pen- 
giring baginda :  twelve  schooners  formed  the 
raja's  suite  (when  he  went  on  a  naval 
expedition ) ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  19. 

erap  or  irap.  Resemblance ;  similarity. 
Banyak  irap  saudara  hamba :  my  brothers  are 
very  much  alike  ;  Ht.  Best.,  70.  Irap-irap  : 
very  much  alike  ;=  sa-akan-akan. 


imp.  (Onom.)  Swallowing  by  applying  the 
lips  to  the  edge  of  a  bowl  or  spoon  and  suck- 
ing up  its  contents  ;  the  noise  of  so  doing. 

Also  hirup. 

erak.  Edging  away  slightly  ;  moving  quietly 
from  the  vicinity  of  anything. 

erek,  and  irek.     The  process  of  stamping  on 

padi  when  the  tuwi  (or  tuwai)  has  been  used  and 
the  stalks  are,  therefore,  too  short  for  threshing. 

Irekkan  and  mengirek :   to  stamp  on  padi  in 
this  way  instead  of  threshing  it. 

Bakul  irek  :  a  sort  of  sieve  with  broad  bands 
and  narrow  interstices. 

Also  (  Kedah)  hirek. 


ayerloji.    Eur. 
and  horloji. 


A  watch,  a  clock ;  also  orloji 


^A3 


f^ji}    iram.     I.     Change  of  colour — such  as  that  on 
the  face  of  a  man  who  is  put  to  shame. 

n.  Iranty  iram-iram  and  irama :  the  fringe 
of  tassels  hanging  round  the  edge  of  a  state 
umbrella  (payong  ubor-ubor  )  ;  v.  ubor, 

TBrkembang4ah  payong  iram-iram  kuning  :  the 
yellow  fringed  umbrellas  of  state  were  all 
opened  out ;  Ht.  Koris, 

Bunga  iram  or  bunga  iram-iram  :  a  flowering 
aquatic  plant;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  186. 

JL/-  erau  and  irau.  Condolence;  visits  of  sym- 
pathy and  proffers  of  assistance  in  laying  out 
the  body  on  the  occasion  of  a  death. 

Also  (  Kedah )  herau, 
43j^\    Eropah.     Europe;  European. 

iSjv    in.     I^'i  hati :  spite,  malice ;  better  Am,  q.  v. 

C-.!-^!    esut.       Gentle   propulsion ;     quietly   pushing 
away.     Also  engsut,  q.  v. 

iwi    isang.     The  gills  of  a  fish.      Also  ingsang  and 
^         insang, 

Pokok  isang :  the  name  of  a  tree  ( uniden- 
tified)'. 

Rumput  isang  kHi :  the  name  of  a  grass 
(unidentified). 


ISAP 


[    67    ] 


INQAU 


j\  isap.  (Onom.  ?)  Sucking ;  drawing  in  one's 
breath ;  sucking  at  a  pipe ;  smoking.  Isap 
chandu :  opium  smoking. 

M^ngisap  :  to  suck ;  to  smoke.  Dudok  men- 
gisap  jari :  to  sit  sucking  one's  thumbs;  Ht. 
Koris. 

^J-^\    isak  and  esak.      (  Onom.  ? )     Sobbing ;     the 

sound  of  a  sob  ;  sneezing ;  asthma.  Menghi- 
langkan  isak  atau  batok  :  to  cure  asthma  or 
colds;  Muj.,  69, 

Terisak-isakan  :  continuous  sobbing  ;  Cr.  Gr., 
43;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  73,  114. 

L%fcj\    esek,     A  disease  causing  the  skin  to  become 
dry  and  scaly. 

r^\    esok.     To-morrow ;  the  following  day.     Esok 
lusa :  to-morrow  or  the  day  after. 
Keesokan  hart :  the  morrow. 
Also  (  Kedah )  isok ;  (S.S.)  besok   and  bisok. 


\    isin.     Jav.     Shame ;  =  main. 


^^\  isi.  Contents;  that  which  is  contained  in 
anything ;  that  which  goes  to  fill  anything ; 
the  act  of  filling,  stuffing  or  loading.  Di-isi- 
nya  senapang :  he  loaded  the  gun.  /.  negeri  : 
the  inhabitants  of  a  town.  /.  dunya :  the 
world ;  the  people  who  inhabit  the  earth. 
/.  hutan  :  wild  animals  in  general.  /.  istana  : 
the  people  who  have  quarters  in  the  palace ; 
the  Court.  /.  surat :  the  contents  of  a  letter. 
/.  kahwin :  the  settlements  on  a  bride. 

Bagai  kuku  dengan  isi :  like  the  nail  and 
the  quick — so  attached  that  separation  is 
extremely  painful;  Prov.,  Ht.  Sh.  Mard., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  141.  Isi  lemah  dapat  ka-orang, 
tulang  btilu  pulang  ka-kita :  the  flesh  and  the 
fat  go  to  others;  the  bones  and  feathers  to 
us;  we  get  all  the  kicks  and  others  get  the 
half-pence;  Prov. 

Isikan,  mengisi  and  mengisikan :  to  fill ;  to 
load;  to  fill  up;  to  stuff— as  one  stuffs  a  bird. 

Berisi :  having  or  acquiring  contents;  full, 
as  distinct  from  empty ;  ( by  metaphor ) 
intelligence,  as  distinct  from  empty-headed- 
ness.  Bukan-nya  diyam  penggali  berkarat, 
milainkan  diyam  ubi  ada-nya  berisi:  his  was 
not  the  silence  of  a  pick  which  gets  rusty 
(from  disuse)  but  the  silence  of  a  potato 
which  gets  fuller  of  meal  (as  time  goes  on); 
Ht.  Abd.,  263. 

^\    ayang.     Ayang-ayang  :  the  name  of  a  medicinal 
Q       shrub. 

io\    iyang.     Divinity ;  v.  yang. 

*^\    iyong.     A   colloquial    term    used    in    driving 
C       buffaloes  into  a  pen,  fowls  into  a  fowl-house, 

etc, ;     to   so   drive   animals   into   a  confined 

space. 


yJ\    inga.     Inga-inga:  abstracted;  absent-minded- 
^       ness.     Also  (  Kedah )  ingau-ingau. 

C^\  ingat.  Attention ;  recollection ;  the  concen- 
tration of  one's  thoughts  upon  any  circum- 
stance. Sa4elah  ingat-lah  iya  akan  diri-nya : 
when  he  recalled  his  own  existence  ( when  he 
became  conscious  after  a  swoon ) ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Sarab. 

Ingat-ingat :  attention  ;  attention  ! 

Ingatan :  presence  of  mind ;  attention  to 
one's  surroundings — the  converse  of  careless- 
ness, inattentiveness  and  absent-mindedness. 
Menaroh  ingatan :  to  pay  attention ;  to  bear 
in  mind.  Ingatan  is  sometimes  used  in  the 
sense  of '' opinion,'*  **idea";  Arabian  Nights, 
54- 

Ingati:  to  remember;  to  be  attentive;  Sh. 
Abd.  Mk.,  16.  Mengingaii :  id.;  Sh.  Ungg. 
Bers.,  4. 

Ingatkan :  to  call  to  mind  (anything);  Ht. 
Abd.,  171.  Mengingatkan :  id.;  Ht.  Abd., 
188 ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Peringatan :  a  reminder ;  a  cause  or  source 
of  recollection ;  Ht.  Abd,,  105.  Pengingat : 
id.;  Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  11. 

^\  engar  and  ingar.  Brawling;  the  creation 
-^^  of  noisy  disturbance.  Jangan  kita  ingar- 
ingar ;  kalau  geniala  naga  besar  gerangan  itu  : 
let  us  make- no  noise  ;  it  may  be  the  talisman 
of  some  great  dragon;  Sej.  Mai.,  28.  Jika 
barang  sidpa  tertawa  dan  ingar  di-suroh-nya 
Jmkumkan  pada  orang  itu :  he  ordered  any  one 
who  laughed  or  made  a  noise  to  be  punished ; 
Ht.,  P.  J.  P.,  II. 

Ingar-bangar :  a  general  disturbance ;  mixed 
clamour;  an  intensitive  of  ingar;  Sh.  UL,  20; 
Ht.  Best. 

Mengingari :  to  disturb  a  person  by  making 
a  noise;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  359. 

Also  hingar  and  hengar. 

.yj^\    engUS  and  ingUS.      Mucus,    matter   running 
^"^       from  the  nose ;  better  heftgus  and  hingus,  q.  v. 

•Jij\    ingin.     Intense  or  passionate  desire  for  any- 

^"^^       thing;   lust;  longing.     Ingin  henda^  bilajar : 

the  lust  of  learning.    Jangan  kamu  ingin  akan 

isteri  ora7tg:  lust  not  after  the  wives  of  others; 

Sej.  Mai.,  71. 

Bukan   kendi  sa-barang   khidiy 

Kendi   berisi  jarom   wilanda ; 
Biikan   ingin  sa-barang  ingin, 
Ingin   dari  darah   wilanda: 
my  passion  is  no  common  passion ;  it  is  the 
passion  that  runs  in  the  blood  of  a  Dutchman. 
Keinginan :  the  sensation  of  intense  desire ; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  36. 

>i)\  ingau.  Semi-consciousness  of  one's  surround- 
ings ;  the  mental  condition  of  a  man  who  is 
dozing.  TBringaU'ingau :  half  awake,  half 
asleep.     Cf.  inga. 


INGU 


[    68    ] 


EKOB 


^\    ingu.     Asafoetida ;  better  inggu,  q.  v. 


ayap.     Ayapan,  victuals  ;  v.    A\^\ 

ji^  ipar.  Brothership  or  sistership  by  marriage ; 
the  relationship  of  a  man  to  his  brother-in-law 
or  sister-in-law. 

J^3 


4jt\ 


&•' 


ipong.  The  name  of  a  short  green  snake ; 
J.  I.  A.,  I.,  257. 

epek.  A  stick  used  in  the  construction  of  a 
belat, 

epok.     A    small    bag   or    receptacle    for   the 
various  utensils  required  for  betel-chewing, 
Epok-epok  :  a  small  cake  or  tart. 

ipil.     The  name  of  a  tree  (unidentified). 

epeh.  (  Penang. )  Chattering ;  inability  to 
hold  one's  tongue.     Orang  e. :  a  chatterbox. 

ipoh.  The  poison  tree,  anchar-tree  or  upas-tree 
of  Java,  antiaris  toxicaria ;  vegetable  poison 
in  general;  the  poison  used  by  Sakais  for  their 
darts ;  see  Ht.  Abd.,  382,  387,  388,  390. 

A  kar  i. :  a  large  climber,  strychnos  tiente, 

A  kar  ipoh  ptiteh :  a  common  climber,  ran- 
cheria  griffithii, 

Getah  i, :  the  juice  of  the  poison  tree ; 
vegetable  poison  ready  for  use. 

ayak.      I.      Sifting;    the   process   of  passing 

through  a  sieve. 

Ayakan :  a  sieve. 

M^ngayak :  to  sift ;  to  pass  ( anything ) 
through  a  sieve. 

II.     Ayak-ayak  :  a  species  of  spider. 

ayok.  (Coarse.)  Sexual  connection  ;=zanchok 
and  ayutj  q.  v. 

ikat.  Binding;  fastening;  tying  together; 
connecting  by  winding  round  bonds  of  any 
sort ;  bonds  or  fastenings. 

/.  perang :  the  line  of  battle ;  the  formation 
in  which  troops  are  drawn  up;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng.  A  number  of  fanciful  names  are  given 
in  romances  to  these  formations. 

/.  perigi:  the  wall  round  a  well;  the  parapet. 

/.  pinggang :  a  belt  or  girdle. 

Ikatan :  the  fastening ;  the  bonds ;  the 
method  of  girdling ;  the  union  of  words  in  a 
sentence  or  verse ;  metrical  or  other  literary 
composition. 

Ikatkan,  mengikai  and  mengikatkan  :  to  tie  or 
fasten  together;  to  tie  up;  to  compose;  to 
build  round;  to  draw  up  in  line  of  battle. 
Di-ikatkan  ka-tiyang :  (they)  tied  (him)  to 
the  wall.  Mengihat  perang:  to  make  one's 
tactical  dispositions ;  Ht.  Koris.  Mengikatkan 
pantun:  to  compose  apantun ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

Pengikat :  that  which  ties  up  or  girdles. 


^\ 


f\ 


TBrikat:  bound;  tied;  fastened  up;  girt 
with.  Kolam  terikat  dengan  batu  marmar : 
a  tank  built  round  with  marble;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  117.  Terikat  kaki  tangan  :  bound  hand 
and  foot ;  Prov. 

ikut.  Following  (in  point  of  space,  not  time) ; 
succeeding ;  coming  after. 

Ikut  puyoh:  literally,  "the  pursuit  of  the 
quail  "  ;  hide  and  seek. 

Ikutkan  and  mengi^ut :  to  follow.  Mengikut 
jalan :  to  follow  al6ng  a  road  ;  to  pursue  any 
course. 

Maka  di'perikut  uleh  Bindahara  Paduka  Raja 
sampai  ka-Singapura  :  he  was  followed  by  the 
Bendahara  Paduka  Raja  as  far  as  Singapore  ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  116. 

Cf.  ekor^  siku,  bMiku,  etc. 

ekor.  The  tail,  point  or  end  of  anything ;  a 
numeral  coefficient  used^  with  the  names  of 
living  creatures — such  as  fish,  birds,  animals, 
and  ( rarely  and  contemptuously )  human  be- 
ings. Ekor  burong :  a  bird's  tail.  Sa-ekor 
burong :  a  bird. 

E.  angin :  the  common  plantain,  plantago 
asiatica. 

E,  belangkas :  (i)  the  tail  of  the  king-crab 
(a  cross-section  of  which  is  triangular  and 
serves  as  a  simile  for  many  similarly  shaped 
objects) ;  (2)  a  small  shrub,  gnetum  brunonia- 
num ;  (3)  a  descriptive  metaphor  for  hairpins 
(chuchok  sanggul). 

E,  kuching :  the  name  given  to  two  small 
plants  with  close  spikes  of  flowers  suggesting 
a  cat's  tail,  dysophylla  auricularia  and  uraria 
crinita,  Rumput  e,  kuching  :  a  brush-like  grass, 
perotis  latifolia, 

E.  kuda  :  a  common  weed,  vernonia  cinerea. 

E.kudi:  the  last  (or  worst)  of  the  lot; 
C.  and  S. 

E.  Upas  :  (lit.)  cockroaches'  tails  ;  the  name 
given  to  little  tufts  of  hair  on  the  neck. 

jB.  lotong :  a  kind  of  swivel  gun. 

E,  mata :  the  corner  of  the  eye. 

E,  pari  :  a  ray's  tail — resembling  the  ekor 
belangkas^  q.  v. 

E,  pipi :  the  lower  portion  of  the  cheek. 

E,  pipit :  small  tufts  of  hair  hanging  down  in 
front  of  the  ear  ;  love-locks. 

E.  pulau :  the  point  of  a  riverine  island  which 
is  furthest  downstream.     Also  buntut  pulau, 

E,  sunting :  the  stalk  of  a  flower,  when  the 
flower  is  worn  on  the  ear  and  the  stalk  is 
hidden  behind  the  ear. 

£.  tikus :  a  rat's  tail.  Kikir  e,  tikus :  a  file 
shaped  like  a  rat's  tail^ — round,  narrow  and 
long. 

E,  tupai :  :=z  e,  kuching, 

Berekor-ekor :     following,    one    holding    on 
behind  the  other — as  children  in  some  games. 
Bintang  berekor :  a  comet. 
Cf.  ikut. 


IKAL 


[    69    ] 


ILAI 


J^\ 


C^\ 


^\ 


ikal.  Waviness  of  the  hair,  curly.  RmnbiiU 
nya  ikal:  his  (or  her)  hair  was  wavy  (as  a 
mark  of  beauty) ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  142  ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  38;  Sh. 
Bid.,  20. 

ikan.  Fish ;  a  generic  name  for  lish — e,g,, 
i.  todak ;  the  saw-fish  ;  i.  belalang  :  the  flying- 
fish  ;  i,  pans  :  the  whale  ;  i,  hitam  :  the  black- 
fish,  stromateus  niger;  etc.  Memanching  i,, 
mengail  i,,  menangkap  i.  :  to  catch  fish  ;  to  fish 
(according  to  the  method  adopted). 

Ada  ayer  ada-lah  ikan  :  where  water  is  there 
will  fish  also  be  ;  there  is  no  smoke  without  fire  ; 
Prov.  Udang  hendak  kata  ka-ikan  :  the  lobster 
wanted  to  abuse  the  fish  for  being  dirty ;  the 
pot  wished  to  call  the  kettle  black;  Prov. 
Sinar  ikan  di-dalam  ayer,  aku  tahu  jantan  bet- 
ina-nya  :  let  a  fish  but  flash  (its  scales)  in  the 
water  and  I  shall  know  its  sex  ;  I  know  you 
so  well  that  I  can  read  your  motives  in  any- 
thing you  do  ;  Prov.  Laksana  terong  bertunang 
ikan  keying :  like  the  brinjal's  betrothal  to  the 
dried  fish  (the  two  first  coming  across  each 
other  in  the  saucepan) ;  companions  in  misery  ; 
Prov.  Ikan  gantong  kuching  Umggu  :  the  fish 
hanging  and  the  cat  watching;  unsatisfied 
craving  ;  a  tantalizing  sight ;  Prov. 

Ikan  her  gar  am  :  fish  preserved  in  brine  with- 
out their  scales  or  entrails. 

Ikan-ikan  :  the  log.  Membuwang  ikan-ikan  : 
to  heave  the  log. 

Nyawa-nyawa  ikan :  the  life  of  a  fish  out  of 
water ;  gasping  for  breath  and  nearly  dead ; 
Ht,  Abd.,  66;  Sh.  Lamp.,  12. 

iga.     Jav.     Rib ;  =  rusok. 

igal.  Spreading  the  tail — of  a  peacock ;  the 
display  of  its  beauty  by  the  male  bird  when 
showing  off  to  the  female  before  mating. 
Used  of  turkeys,  peacocks,  pheasants,  pigeons, 
etc.  Merak  mengigal :  the  peacock  spreading 
its  tail ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat. ; 
Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  86;  etc.;  a  favourite  design  in 
ancient  jewellery  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Merak  mengigal  di-hutan  :  a  peacock  spread- 
ing its  tail  in  the  jungle — displaying  its  beauties 
where  there  is  no  one  to  admire  them ; 
*'  wasting  its  sweetness  on  the  desert  air "  ; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  L,  89. 

igau.  Wanderings  in  sleep  or  delirium  ;  move- 
ments under  the  influence  of  dreams ;  night- 
mare; somnambulism. 

Igau-igaiiwan ;  ravings  ;  delirium  ;  Sh.  Bur. 
Pungg.,  6  ;  Ht.  Ghul. 

Mengigau  :  to  rave ;  to  be  delirious. 

TBrigaU'igau :  delirious. 


^\    igu.     The  yoke ;  a  yoke  for  oxen  ;  see  gu 


egah.    To  walk 
gait ;  Bust.  Sal. 


with  a  waddling  or  affected 
also  (Penang)  egeh. 


^\    ela.     I.     To  draw  ;  to  pull ;  better  hela,  q.  v. 
n.     Eur.     An  ell,  a  yard. 

^^}    elat.     [Arab.  ^.]  Expedient, device,  strata- 
gem ;  see  elah. 


j.^ 


ilir.     Progress  down  stream  ;  better  hilir,  q.  v. 
ilang.     Loss  ;  better  hilang,  q.  v. 


i^}    eling.     Jav,     Remembrance;  =  ingat. 

^\  elak.  L  The  avoidance  of  a  blow  by  moving 
out  of  the  way;  evasion;  dodging.  Maka 
sigera  di-parangkan  uleh  raja  bersiyong  di-elak- 
nya  tiy ada-lah  kena :  the  tusked  raja  cut  at 
him  but  he  dodged  the  blow  and  escaped; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Tidak  ayahanda  elak :  I  will 
not  budge  an  inch  to  avoid  it ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Berelak :  to  evade ;  to  avoid  ;  to  dodge ;  to 
shirk ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Mengelak :  id. ;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah.     Elakkan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

n.  Ikan  elak  :  the  name  of  an  edible  marine 
fish. 

^yj\    elok.     Beauty;    excellence;    charm,      Orang 

yang  elok  rupa-nya;  a  man  of  handsome 
appearance ;  a  good-looking  man.  Hikdyat 
yang  elok :  a  beautiful  story.  Khabar  yang 
elok :  pleasing  news.  Elok-lah :  it  is  well ; 
capital. 

Keelokan :  the  beauty  or  excellence  of  any- 
thing. 

Maha-elok :  very  fair;  Ht.  Hamz.,  82. 

ii\    ilam.     Ilam4lam :   appearing   and   disappear- 
r         ing ;  dimly  or  intermittently  visible. 

Datm  ilam-ilam  :  the  name  of  a  plant  (un- 
identified). 

Aa    ilau.     Flickering,  as  the  light  of  the  sun  upon 
"       water ;  cf .  kilau, 

^\    elah.      [  Arab.    ^  .  ]      Expedient,    device, 

stratagem.  Chari4ah  dBngan  snwatu  elah : 
seek  craftily;  seek,  using  stratagems;  Sh.  Bid., 
89.  Habis  daya  tipu  elah :  at  an  end  of  his 
wiles,  tricks  and  dodges;  at  an  end  of  his 
resources. 

Olah-elah :  extreme  duplicity ;  dodges  of  all 
sorts  ;  the  intensitive  or  frequentative  of  elah. 

ilai.     Loud  laughter — an  expression  stronger 
than  gelak^  q.  v. 

Mengilai :  to  roar  or  shake  with. laughter; 
Sh.  Bid.,  23 ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  23 ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Mengilai-ngilai :  to  laugh  loudly  and  con- 
tinuously ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Also  hilai. 


AYAM 


[    70    ] 


iniAN 


f\    ayam.     A  generic  name  for  fowls ;  a  cock,  a 
*         hen.     In  Pantuns  ayam  stands  for  the  mis- 
tress in  contradistinction  to  iteky  the  lover. 

A .  ta*-beribu  or  anak  ayam  kehilangan  ibu  :  a 
motherless  chicken;  a  chicken  that  has  lost 
its  mother — a  metaphorical  description  of  a 
man  who  has  lost  his  head.  A ,  hitam  terbang 
malam:  a  black  fowl  flying  at  night — not 
easily  visible ;  a  proverbial  expression  for  a 
fact  that  is  not  easily  grasped.  A .  pideh  ter- 
bang siyang :  a  white  fowl  flying  by  daylight ; 
a  self-evident  fact ;  Pro  v.  Baik4ah  jadi  ayam 
b^tina  supaya  selamat :  play  the  hen  for  once 
for  the  sake  of  peace ;  Prov.  Ayam  puteh 
lompat  pagar :  a  white  fowl  jumping  a  fence ; 
a  metaphor  for  spitting.  Bagai  ayam  kena 
tungau :  like  a  fowl  worried  by  insects ;  a 
symbol  for  restlessness ;  also  bagai  tebuwan 
dalam  tukil,  and  bagai  keli  kena  katok  ;  Prov. 

Ayam-ayam:  (i)  a  water-hen;  rallina  fasciata ; 
(2)  a  musical  instrument  used  at  a  ma'yong. 

A .  bandong :  two  chickens  from  one  egg ; 
C.  and  S. 

A .  bangkas  :  a  white  fowl  with  some  black 
feathers ;  C.  and  S.  A .  bangkas  kubong :  a  fowl 
with  yellow  feathers  and  feet. 

A,  belanda:  a  turkey;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Also 
a,  wolanday  Ht.  Si  Misk.,  45. 

A .  belorong  or  a,  belorang :  a  fowl  with  white 
legs. 

A,  beroga :  a  jungle  fowl.  Also  (Pahang) 
a.  burga  and  (Kedah)  a,  htdan. 

A .  biring :  a  fowl  with  a  yellow  beak  and 
yellow  legs,  reputed  invincible  in  cock-fight- 
ing;  V.  biring,  A .  biring  tuwah  and  a,  biring 
sangka  naning :  varieties  of  this  fowl. 

A,  bogil :  a  tailless  fowl.  Also  a,  togil  (Ht. 
Raj.  Don.,  49),  and  a.  dogil  (Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  61). 

A .  bulu  ara :  a  fowl  with  red  and  black 
feathers. 

A .    bulu    balek 
ruffled  feathers. 

A .  burga :  =  a.  beroga, 

A.   denak :    (properly)    a   decoy    fowl.     Also 
(sometimes)  a  jungle  fowl ;  =  a.  beroga, 
A .  dogil :  :=■-  a,  bogil. 
A .  hitam  sBlaseh  :  a  fowl  black  to  the  bones. 

A,  hutan  :  the  jungle  fowl ;  (Ht.  Perb.  Jaya) ; 
=  a.  beroga, 

A,'itek :  poultry  generally. 

A .  jalak :  a  black  fowl.  A .  jalak  buwah 
keras  :  a  black  fowl  with  white  spots ;  C.  and  S. 
A,  jalak  rendang  :  a  black  fowl  with  white  feet, 

A,  kasi :  a  capon, 

A,  katek :  a  diminutive  species  of  fowl;  a 
kind  of  bantam. 

A .  khnbiri :  a  capon  ;  ~  a,  kasi, 

A.  kenantan :  a  white  fowl ;  C.  and  S. 

A.  kochi :  a  Cochin  China  fowl. 

A .  mandul :  a  fowl  which  does  not  lay, 

A,  meluroh :  a  moulting  fowl. 

A,  mengeram :  a  fowl  sitting  on  eggs. 


a    fowl    with    unnaturally 


A,  mutiyara  :  a  guinea-fowl. 

A .  pBmikat :  a  decoy  fowl.  Also  a,  pimikat 
denak, 

A .  naik  sarang :  a  descriptive  equivalent  for 
6  p.m.  Also  mengantok  ayam  and  rabun 
ayam. 

A,  panggang :  a  spatch-cock  roasted.  A, 
pcinggang  p^renggi  and  a,  peranggang :  a  fowl 
of  the  right  age  for  eating ;  C.  and  S. 

A .  papak  :  a  cock  with  feathers  like  a  hen. 

A .  rinting  batu :  a  speckled  white  and  red 
fowl ;  C.  and  S. 

A .  rinting  chempaka  :  a  fowl  with  black  flesh. 

A .  sabongan  :  a  fighting-cock. 

A ,  selaseh :  a  fowl  black  to  the  bones ;  also 
a.  hitam  selaseh, 

A .  tedong :  a  big  black  fowl. 

A .  terona  :  a  young  cock ;  a  cock  at  a  good 
age  for  cooking. 

A.  togil :  =  a.  bogil, 

Balong  a, :  the  comb  of  a  cock. 

Binchang  a, :  fastening  a  knot  (in  coils). 

Bnta  a.:  indistinctness  of  vision  at  night. 

Chakar  a, :  (i)  the  scratchings  of  fowls — a 
simile  for  bad  hand-writing ;  (2)  a  dish  of  ubi 
keledek,  tepong  jawi,  etc. 

Chenonot  a,  and  penchonot  a. :  that  part  of  the 
fowl  known  as  the  pope's  nose. 

Gelanggang  a. :  a  cock-pit, 

Gembala  a, :  a  man  who  looks  after  fowls ; 
a  poultry-rearer. 

Jangkir  a, :  the  hind  claw  of  a  fowl ;  C.  and  S. 

Juwara  a. :  the  trainer  of  a  fighting-cock. 

Laii  a, :  (  Kedah )  a  hen-house. 

Layar  btdu  a, :  a  peculiar  sail  intermediate 
between  a  lug  and  a  latteen  sail. 

Piyal  a, :  the  gills  of  a  cock;  C.  and  S. 

Pupoh  a, :  cock-fighting  without  artificial 
spurs. 

Reban  a, :  (Riau,  Johor)  a  hen-house ;  =  lau  a, 

Sangkak  a,  :  a  single  fowl's  nest. 

Sangkar  a, :  a  coop. 

Stisoh  a, :  the  natural  spurs  of  a  fighting-cock. 

^\    ayum.     Mengaymn :  to  lend  money  at  interest 
r       for  gambling  or  any  other  bad  object,  Pijn. ; 
to  keep  bad  company,  Kl. 

/^u\  im&n.  Arab.  Creed;  beHef;  religion;  the 
True  Faith  (unless  otherwise  specified),  /. 
orang  China  :  the  Chinese  religion. 

Membawa  i, :  to  accept  the  True  Faith ;  to 
become  a  Muhammadan ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz.  Maka 
Raja  Kidahindi'pun  membawa  tmdn4ah  jadi 
Islam:  King  Kidahindi  accepted  the  faith  and 
became  a  Moslem  ;  Sej.  MaL,  6.  Bawa  imdn 
kapada  Allah:  place  your  belief  in  God;  Ht. 
Jay.  Lengg. 

Birimdn :  believing ;  possessed  of  belief. 
Hati  yang  b, :  a  believing  heart. 


y 


.\ 


o-} 


U^^J 


imat.      [  Arab.  ^  .  ]      Solicitude  ; 


emul.  Officious  intrusion  or  questioning; 
importuning.  Mengemtd :  to  officiously  beg 
for  anything  day  after  day ;  to  pay  continual 
visits  where  one's  company  is  not  desired  ;  to 
importune. 

Also  (  Kedah  )  hermiL 


CX'  ayan.  [  Eng.  iron,^  Corrugated  iron;  gal- 
vanized tinned  iron,  as  used  for  roofing. 

Cjir  ayun.  Swaying;  swinging;  rocking.  Lak- 
sana  bahtera  di-ayim  gelombang :  like  a  vessel 
tossed  by  the  waves;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri.,  ii. 

Aytm-ayunan  :  a  cradle ;  a  swing ;  a  ham- 
mock. 

Beraytm  and  mengayim :  (intransitive)  to 
swing ;  to  rock.  Matahari  berayim :  the  sun 
is  beginning  to  swing  down,  i.^.,  at  about 
4  p.m.,  when  the  shadows  begin  to  rapidly 
lengthen ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama.  Aytm  temayim : 
(Selangor)  id.;  the  sun  hovering  on  the  verge 
of  decline  ;  about  4  p.m. 

Orang  menanggok   ikan  sepaty 
Dapat  sa-ekor  di-sawak  padi ; 

Terlepas    kiri   kanan   ta' -dapat; 
Tolak   iangga   berayun   kaki : 

he  gave  up  the  left,  and  failed  to  get  the  right ; 
he  kicked  away  the  ladder  and  was  left 
dangling  in  the  air — a  proverb  applied  to  a 
man  who  falls  between  two  stools  or  gets 
nothing  by  aiming  at  too  much. 

Mengayun  lenggang  :  swaying  about ;  reeling 
as  a  drunken  man  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 


ini.  This.  /.  juga :  this  very.  /.  piUa :  this 
also ;  this  as  well, 

Sini  {=  sa-mi):  this  place;  here.  Di-mii : 
in  this  place. 

Ini  is  sometimes  used  to  give  more  precision 
to  any  expression.  Aku  ini:  I  myself. 
Sekarang  ini  :  this  very  time. 

inas.  I.  Pekong  inas  :  a  malignant  ulcer  on 
the  shoulders ;  a  carbuncle  ;  =  pepah  and 
penyakit  raja, 

1 1.  A  bamboo  contrivance  to  make  a  kite 
give  out  a  humming  sound  when  flown. 

Inas  is  also  the  name  of  a  lofty  mountain  in 
Perak  and  of  a  State  in  the  Negri  Sembilan. 


inang.  Female  attendant  on  a  young  prin- 
cess; nurse;  chamber- woman.  Mak  inang: 
id.  Penghulu  inang :  the  principal  duenna  to 
a  young  princess ;  the  lady  controller  of  her 
household. 

Inangda :  =  inang,    but   in   more    respectful 
language;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.,  Ht.  Jay.  Asm. 


Inang  or  mak  inang  is  also  the  descriptive 
epithet  given  to  one  of  the  four  players  at  a 
ma'yong,  i.e.:  ma'yong,  pa'yong,  mek  seni^  and 
peran,  or  rnayong,  pa'yong,  inang  and  pengasoh, 
the  inang  being  the  attendant  on  the  princess 
(ma'yong)  and  the  pengasoh  on  the  prince 
(payong). 

^j    inangda.     See  inang, 

l3^'  enak.  Pleasantness  ;  the  giving  of  enjoyment 
to  the  senses,  Daging  di-makan  enak : 
delicious  meat ;  Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  13  ;  cf.  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  185,  301.  Tidor  enak:  pleasant 
sleep ;  Sh.  Dag.,  6.  Jika  tnwan  sudikan  kami 
sunggoh  enak  kita  berdtma:  if  my  lord  is 
pleased  with  me  the  pleasure  will  truly  be 
shared  by  both  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nat. 


U\ 


U 


mm  =  ini,    V.    ,\ 


a.)j\ 


x.\ 


mu. 


Jav.  Princely; — a  word  confined  in  use 
to  Javanese  titles  and  names.  Raden  Inu 
Keriapati :  the  name  of  the  hero  known  as 
Seri  Panji  or  Siva  Panji, 

inai.     [  Arab.   \^j^  .  ]      Henna  ;   the  name  of  a 

shrub  yielding  a  red  dye  ;  lawsonia  alba.  The 
name  is  applied  to  the  dye  as  well  as  to  the 
plant.  Tcrpandang-lah  tdch  ptiteri  akan  jari 
tang  an  dan  kaki  baginda  itic  merah  dengan  inai: 
the  princess  saw  that  the  fingers  and  toes  of 
the  monarch  were  red  with  henna ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  127. 

/.  bain  :  a  pink  balsam,  impaticus  griffithii, 

L  paya :  the  water  balsam,  hydrocera  triflora. 

Malum  i. :  the  first  night  of  the  proper 
wedding  festivities  among  Malays :  the  night 
on  which  the  hands  of  the  bride  are  dyed  with 
henna. 

Sipid  i. :  the  name  of  a  shell,  mitra  episcopalis. 
iC'}    ini.     This;    see     .^\ 

ji}    ayo.     Jav.     An   interjection   of   welcome;    a 
salutation  ;  oh. 

J\  ayu.  Jav.  Fair,  handsome;  a  complimentary 
descriptive  epithet  applied  to  Javanese  heroes 
and  heroines.  Raden  a, :  the  queen ; 
(literally)  the  fair  princess.  Saphii  suwara 
orang  yang  ayu  mom  nihnujok  isUri-nya :  like 
the  voice  of  a  fair  young  man  making  love  to 
his  wife ;  Ht.  Sh.  &mbok  a,  or  mak  ayu :  a 
complimentary  form  of  address  when  address- 
ing aged  ladies ;  '*  fair  mother." 

Mak  ayu,    baik  mimpi-nya; 

Mimpi  menggunting  tangan  baju; 
Pokok   kayu  sama   tinggi-nya 

Ikut  mana   angin   nak   lain: 

the  good  old  lady  is  enjoying  pleasant  dreams; 
she  dreams  she  is  cutting  out  a  sleeve. 


lYAU 


[    72    ] 


BABOR 


jA    iyau.     (Onom.)     Mengiyau  ;  to  mew,  of  a  cat. 

jV  iyu.  A  dog-fish,  a  shark;  also  hiyu  and 
yUf  q.  V. 

(y^\    aiwan.     Pers.     A  palace  ;  a  court  of  justice. 

^J^}    aylib.     Arab,     The  patriarch  Job. 

J>ji\    ayuta.     Million  ;  v.  juta. 

*H^  ayah.  Father ;  sire  ;  uncle — a  more  respect- 
ful expression  than  bapa^  and  one  invariably 
used  when  speaking  of  the  father  of  a  prince. 
A .  bonda  :  father  and  mother ;  parents. 

Ayahanda:    an   even   more    respectful   equi- 
valent of  bapa, 

^  ayoh.  An  interjection  expressive  of  distress 
or  sorrow. 

Ayoh  Allah!  apa-kan  jadi ; 

Malam   berjaga  siyang   berkubu : 

woe  is  me,  oh  God !  how  can  it  end  ? — this 
watching  all  night  and  manning  forts  all  day ; 
Sh.  Raj.  Haj.,  182. 


-Xx^i    ayahanda.     Father,    sire;   a  very   respectful 
variant  of  ayah,  q.  v. 

CUM    anyut.     Drifting ;  better  hanyut,  q.  v. 


ji^    anyir.     Fishy,  of  odour ;  better  hanyir,  q.  v. 


t^ 


ji\ 


f' 


u 


anyang.     Sweeping  up  rubbish  into  heaps. 
Kayti  anyang :  the  name  of  a  medicinal  drug. 

anyek.      Onyak-anyek :    shaking    continually  ; 

dawdling    over   work ;   uncertain  though  fre- 
quent in  movement ;  see  onyak, 

anyam.  Twisting;  plaiting;  basket  or  wicker- 
work  ;  working  in  mengknwang  and  wicker 
generally. 

Menganyam :   to  work   in  wicker ;    to   make 
matting  or  basket-work ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 

Teranyam :  plaited ;  worked — of  wicker-work ; 
Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  138. 

Snyah.  To  disappear  ;  to  vanish  ;  see  ennyah 
and  nyah. 


s^    ba.     The  letter  ba ;  the  symbol  for  the  number 
2  in  the  A  bjad,  q.  v. 

i    bi.     An  Arabic  prefix  signifying  "in/'  **  with.*' 
Bi^smi'llahi :  in  the  name  of  God. 
Bi'hi :  with  him. 


u    bi..     The  name  of  the  letter  ^^  . 

J\j  b&b.  Arab.  Gate,  entrance ;  the  opening  up 
of  entirely  new  subject  matter  in  a  book ; 
hence :  a  main  subdivision  of  a  work ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  473 ;  Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  i ;  a  chapter  of 
a  Code  of  Law  as  distinct  from  a  section 
(fasal);  Laws  of  Palembang,  p.  13. 

->«  baba.  A  Straits-born  European,  Eurasian  or 
Chinese ;  v.  babah, 

*}-i  babat.  A  match,  one  of  a  pair  or  set.  Sa- 
babat:  exactly  similar  to;  forming  a  match 
or  set. 

Also  babak  and  babap, 

Hindak   benahdbat 
Chart  sama   babat: 

when  you  make  a  friend,  seek  one  of  your 
own  class ;  Prov. 


I 


Jol 


X 


J' 


I 


babit.  The  introduction  of  third  parties  into 
a  dispute  in  which  they  are  not  directly  con- 
cerned; dragging  in  the  names  of  innocent 
persons  into  a  case,  or  the  involving  of  a 
family  in  the  fault  of  one  of  its  members. 


A  chronicle ;  a  history ;  a 


babad.    L    Jav. 
historical  record. 

n.     Jav.     To  fell. 


babar.  Expansion ;  the  opening  out  or  un- 
furling of  any  article  with  a  large  surface ; 
the  spreading  out  of  a  sail.  Keluwang  di-babar : 
a  bat  with  its  wings  stretched  to  their  full 
expansion ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  29.  Ikan  di-kolam 
sudah-lah  babar:  the  fish  in  the  pond  have 
scattered  in  all  directions,  t.e.,  from  being  a 
compact  shoal  they  have  spread  over  a  large 
surface  in  their  flight ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  8.  Karang 
terbabar :  widespread  reefs;  Pel.  Abd.,  no. 

Babar  is  also  used  of  a  play  being  long 
dragged  out,  **  dragging  its  weary  length 
along."     Cf.  babor, 

babor.  Expansion  in  the  centre,  broad  bodied ; 
broad  bladed,  of  a  weapon.  Si-babor :  the 
name  given  to  a  fe^m  the  blade  of  which  is 
narrow  near  the  handle  and  then  broadens 
out.  Tajak  babor:  a  broad  bladed  grass- 
cutting  knife.     Cf.  babar. 


BABAS 


[     73    ] 


BATA 


{j^S^.  babas.  Driven  right  out  of  one's  course, 
whether  by  wind  or  by  tides  and  currents 
when  becalmed ;  cf.  biyas  (which  means  that 
the  course  is  merely  deflected).  Hujan  babas : 
a  threatening  rainstorm  which  is  dispersed  or 
driven  in  another  direction  by  a  change  of 
wind ;  (also)  the  rainy  intervals  between  the 
monsoons. 


i>l 


iXi 


babang.  Increase  in  size;  enlargement,  es- 
pecially of  wounds ;  widening.  Lagi  kechil 
ta'-mahu  dt-ubat,  sudah  ter babang  beharu  mahu 
di-ubat :  while  the  wound  was  small,  they 
would  not  apply  medicine  to  it ;  now  that  it 
is  gaping  wide,  they  want  to  apply  remedies ; 
— of  a  person  allowed  to  grow  up  vicious ; 
Prov. 


babap.     See  babak  I.,  and  babat. 


^u    babak-     I.     One  of  a  set  or  series.     Sa-babak: 

forming   one   of  a  set   or   series ;    similarity. 
Also  babat  and  babap, 

11.     To  staunch;  to  prevent  the  free  flow 
of  any  liquid. 

\^M    babok.     Dull,  dense,  thick-headed ;  also  dimgu. 

JjVi  babal.  Stupid ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jay.  Better  bebal, 
q.  V. 

\\\  babil.  Wrangling,  altercation,  dispute;  a 
wordy  war.  Orang  yang  hamba  lawan  berbabil 
sekarang  tadi  Penghulu  Iblis :  he  with  whom  I 
had  that  dispute  a  moment  ago  was  the 
Penghulu  Iblis  (a  prince  of  the  devils) ;  Ht. 
Mar,  Mah.  Perbabilan :  an  altercation ;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah. 

Ck V  baban  and  babun.  A  burden  ;  better  beban, 
q.  V. 

^y    babu.     I.     Jav,     A  nurse;  a  Javanese  ayah. 

II.     Hind.     A  generic  name  given  to  Indians 
from  Lower  Bengal  or  Bombay. 

4jU  babah.  A  **baba";  a  name  of  uncertain 
derivation  applied  to  Europeans  and  Eurasians 
when  born  in  the  Straits,  and  especially  used 
to  distinguish  between  Straits-born  and  im- 
migrant Chinese  males.  In  Java  the  word 
appears  to  be  sometimes  honorific.  Maka 
kata-ku :  babah,  di-mana-kah  Umpat-nya  orang- 
orang  itu  diyam :  then  said  I,  **  Baba,  where 
do  those  people  live  ?  "  Ht.  Abd.,  306.  Segala 
raja-raja  dan  nyonyah-nyonyah  dan  babah-babah 
dan  nonah-nonah  sakaliyan  dudok-lah :  then  the 
rajas  and  the  ladies,  gentlemen  and  girls  all 
took  their  seats ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nat. 


i^\j  babi.  The  generic  name  of  the  hog ;  '*pig," 
as  a  term  of  abuse ;  '*  pig,"  as  an  emblem  of 
all  that  is  filthy.  Anjing  galak,  babi  berani  : 
the  dogs  are  the  challengers  but  the  pigs  have 
the  courage  ;  one  side  is  **  bluffing  "  but  the 
other  means  business ;  Prov.  Jangan4ah  babi 
rasa  gulai :  do  not  let  a  pig  have  cooked  meats 
to  eat ;  do  not  let  the  mean  acquire  a  taste 
for  what  is  too  good  for  them  ;  Prov. 

B,  bar  an  :  a  wild  pig  infesting  low,  swampy 
jungle, 

B.buta:  recklessness,  blind  daring,  Mem- 
babi  buta  :  to  act  recklessly ;  to  behave  in  a 
foolishly  headstrong  way. 

B.  duyong  :  a  dugong, 

B.hutan:  a  jungle  pig;  sus  vittatus  or  sus 
verrucosus. 

B.kunis:  a  tree  ( trigonochlamys  griffithit) 
also  known  qls  pauh  kijang. 

B,  nangul  or  6.  nangui :  a  wild  pig  of  small 
size  and  gregarious  habits.  Muntah  b.  nangul: 
an  earthworm. 

B.  rantai  or  b,  berantai  :  a  fabulous  boar,  the 
tushes  of  which  are  believed  to  be  connected 
by  a  chain  of  two  or  three  links,  rendering  the 
animal  invulnerable,  Bcsi  rantai  babi:  iron 
obtained  from  such  a  chain  ;  iron  of  magic 
potency. 

B.  rusa :  the  name  of  an  animal  peculiar  to 
the  fauna  of  Celebes  and  its  adjacent  islands ; 
babirusa  alfnrus, 

B,  tanah  :   a  species  of  wild  pig ;   sm  vittatus, 

B,  tunggal :  a  solitary  boar  of  savage  habits. 

Berangan  b. :  a  generic  name  for  oaktrees ; 
V,  berangan. 

Bintang  b. :  the  planet  Venus,  as  an  evening 
star. 

Bulu  b. :  ( I )  the  bristles  of  a  pig;  (2)  a  sea- 
urchin  with  poisonous  spikes. 

Biirong  b. :  the  adjutant  bird ;  leptoptilus  java- 
nicus. 

Buwah  b. :  a  fruit  {  cryptomeria  paniculata  or 
cryptomeria  pubescens  ) . 

Chanar  b. :  a  plant. 

Gila  b. :  epilepsy :  also  saw  an  b. 

Kachang  b. :  a  bean. 

Ktitu  b. :  a  bug. 

Rotan  bulu  b. :  a  kind  of  rattan. 

Rumput  tahi  b. :  a  small  flowering  shrub  (also 
called  daun  susu  babi). 
Sawan  b. :  epilepsy ;  also  gila  6. 
Siput  b. :  a  large  white  shell. 

Tapak  b. :  (  Singapore )  the  plant  known  as 
'*  tapak  Sulaimdn  "  ;  ( Riau )  a  creeper. 

j^Vi  bata.  I.  A  tile,  a  brick;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  13, 
Atapbata:  a  tiled  roof.  Batu  bata:  bricks; 
Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  21. 

II.  Bata-bata:  hesitating;  in  doubt.  Ki^- 
bata-bataan :  perplexity. 


BATIR 


[     74    ] 


BATIL 


A 


'6 


batir.  Batir-batir :  golden  decoration  on  the 
tuli-tuli  of  a  keris,  KL  ;  the  golden  band  used 
for  fastening  the  keris  scabbard  to  the  belt, 
C.  and  S. 


bator.     A  passage,  a  corridor ;  C,  and  S. 


batas.  A  little  dyke  separating  padi  fields  or 
vegetable  beds ;  a  partition  of  heaped-up  earth 
which  serves  as  a  pathway  when  the  fields  are 
inundated.  Batasan  :  (  Singapore )  a  bound- 
ary. 

Ada  ubi  ada  batas  :  where  you  have  potatoes, 
you  have  also  dykes;  a  rhyming  equivalent 
for  ada  hari  btdeh  balas  ;  see  balas. 


batang.  A  stem  ;  a  tree  trunk  ;  a  handle ;  a 
descriptive  prefix  or  numeral  coefficient  of  long, 
narrow,  cylindrical  objects  such  as  trees,  logs, 
spears,  cigars,  fingers,  torches,  pens,  pencils, 
blow-pipes,  etc. ;  a  dead  body  (v*  infra). 

J3.  hidong :  the  bridge  of  the  nose.  Ludah 
ka4angit  timpa  batang  hidong  sendiri :  to  spit 
at  the  sky  and  get  the  saliva  falling  back  on 
one's  own  nose ;  Prov. 

B,joran:  a  fishing-rod. 

B.  kaki  :  the  leg. 

B,  kayu  :  a  tree-trunk. 

J5.  leher :  the  neck. 

B.  lengan :  the  arm. 

B.  pengayoh :  the  handle  of  a  paddle ;  the 
cylindrical  ( as  opposed  to  the  flat )  end. 

B,  tuboh  :  the  body. 

Barah  b, :  a  long  glandular  abscess. 

Tenggiri  b, :  a  species  of  fish  with  a  long 
and  somewhat  cylindrical  body. 

Sa-batang  sumpitan  :  one  sumpitan.  Jari-nya 
duwa  batang :  two  of  his  fingers.  Damar  ber- 
puloh'puloh  batang :  tens  of  torches. 

Sudah  menjadi  batang:  a  polite  way  of  saying 
**heisdead.'' 

Apa  batang-nya:  what  is  its  stem?  An 
idiomatic  way  of  enquiring  after  the  origin 
or  cause  of  anything. 

Batangan  :  or  b.  mUintang :  a  tree-trunk  fallen 
or  laid  across  a  stream. 

Berbatang :  with  a  handle  or  stem.  Kayu 
bh'batang :  a  tree  with  a  long  trunk.  Ber- 
batangkan  tembaga  snwasa:  with  stems  of 
bronze  (of  padi)  ;  Sej.  MaL,  30. 

Membatang :  (i)  to  obstruct  by  lying  across 
a  channel  (e,  g.,  oi  a  sandbank) ;  (2)  to  read 
the  Koran  without  stopping  to  spell  out  the 
words  (cf,  mengeja  from  eja) ;  to  read  fluently. 
Also  mengaji  batang. 


i3u    batong,     1.     (Bugis.)     Tondrobatong:2LW3iist- 
^  *      belt  for  carrying  a  keris ;  better  tali  liyong, 

11.     Batong-batong,   or    bebatong :    a  species 
of  shell-fish  (unidentified) ;  Pijn. 


O" 


J»^ 


Sh 


iUli  batak.  I.  The  name  of  an  Indonesian  race 
inhabiting  the  central  portion  of  the  northern 
part  of  Sumatra.  Membatak :  to  rob,  to 
plunder. 

II.  Membatak  :  to  wander  about  from  place 
to  place  as  a  vagabond;  to  wander  about 
doing  odd  jobs  and  not  keeping  constantly 
to  any  one  form  of  work;  to  keep  staying 
away  from  its  proper  abode,  of  a  fowl  that 
will  not  stick  to  its  roost  but  keeps  going 
elsewhere. 

III.  Millet ;  better  menjelai  ^ndjelai, 

batek.  [Jav.  batik,  painting.]  A  descriptive 
name  given  to  certain  Javanese  cloth  fabrics, 
the  patterns  of  which  are  painted  on  the 
cloth.  Kain  6. ;  a  Javanese  painted  sarong. 
Sapu-tangan  b, :  a  kerchief  of  Javanese  painted 
cloth.  Pinggan  6. :  crockery  of  painted  design. 
Bertenun  b, :  to  weave  cloth  with  a  view  to 
making  these  painted  fabrics ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

The  principal  varieties  of  these  fabrics  are  : 
b,  keresek,  b,  lasum,  b,  betawi,  b,  Surabaya,  b, 
sutera,  6.  padang,  and  6.  bang,  Empama  batek 
lasum,  makin  basoh  bertambah  bau :  like  the 
fabric  batek  lasum,  the  more  you  wash  it  the 
rnore  fragrant  it  becomes;  improving  with 
time;  Prov. 

batok.     I.     Jav.     A  coco-nut  shell ;  the  skull. 

B.  kepala  :  the  skull ;  often  written  batu  kepala, 

11.  A  cold;  a  cough.  Batok  dan  bersin  : 
coughing  and  sneezing;  Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  18; 
Ht.  Gh, 

B.  barah :  a  cough  accompanied  by  loss  of 
voice.  B,  barah  angin  :  a  dry  cough ;  a  cough 
without  phlegm. 

B.  bertahun-tahun  :  a  chronic  cough. 

B,  darah :  a  cough  accompanied  by  spitting 
of  blood. 

B.  kering :  a  dry  phthisical  cough ;  con- 
sumption ;  Ht.  Abd.,  179. 

B.  lelah :  whooping  cough,  in  adults. 

jB.  sisek  :  whooping  cough,  in  children, 

B,  terok :  a  cough  accompanied  by  much  loss 
of  phlegm. 

bb    batel.     A  fruit,  mangifera  fcetida ;  KL,  Pijn., 

C.  and  S. 

J^\  batil.  A  metallic  cup  or  small  bowl,  usually 
resting  on  a  saucer  (cheper)  made  of  the  same 
material;  Sej.  MaL,  125;  Ht.  Mash.,  37.  B, 
belanja :  an  ornamental  or  presentation  bowl 
containing  valuables.  B.  lauk :  the  larger 
kind  of  batil.  Sampan  batil ;  a  short  and  very 
beamy  sampan ;  Sej.  MaL,  50. 

Pungkor  b,:  the  ring  at  the  bottom  of  a 
metal  bowl  or  cup.  Kaki  b, :  the  saucer  on 
which  a  batil  rests.  Laksana  batil  gangsa, 
retak  ta'-buleh  di-hubong  tampong :  like  a  vessel 
of  brass,  the  cracks  in  which  are  not  to  be 
patched  over ;  a  proverbial  expression  used  of 
men  who  bear  grudges  persistently. 


BATIN 


[    75    ] 


BATU 


^\>  batin.  A  native  headman ;  a  chief  of  higher 
rank  than  a  penghulu  but  not  equal  to  an 
Orang  Kaya  :  the  chief  of  a  tribe  of  aborigines 
or  Orang  Laut.  B.  Singapura :  the  head 
of  the  Orang  Laut  in  Singapore;  Ht.  Hg. 
Tuw.,  6.  Berhimpun-lah  batin  sembilan  suku : 
the  headmen  of  the  nine  tribes  assembled; 
Pel.  Abd.,  III.     CL  jenang, 

Ikan  b. :  a  large  marine  fish  (unidentified). 

J^H  batu.  Stone ;  a  rock ;  a  massive  solid  object 
like  a  stone ;  a  pebble ;  a  gem ;  a  milestone  ; 
a  mile ;  an  anchor ;  a  numeral  co-efficient  for 
teeth. 

Untong  sabut  timbiily  tmtong  batu  tenggelam  : 
it  is  the  lot  of  coco-nut  husk  to  float ;  it  is 
the  lot  of  stones  to  sink  to  the  bottom ;  men 
are  constituted  differently :  why  fight  against 
fate  ?  Prov.  Batu  hitam  ta' -bersanding :  a 
black  stone  without  angles ;  a  thing  difficult 
to  injure ;  Prov. 

Batu   besar   berguling   turun, 
Batu   kechil   berguling  naik  : 

the  rocks  come  rolling  down,  the  pebbles  go 
rolling  up  ;  the  rich  fall  and  the  poor  rise  ; — 
a  reversal  of  the  usual  order  of  things ;  Prov. 
j5.  ^akal :  see  tawakkul. 

B,  ambar :  a  viscous  substance  which  floats 
on  the  sea  and  is  much  sought  after  by  fish ; 
better  b,  ^anbar, 

J5.  api :  a  flint  used  for  striking  a  light ;  by 
metaphor,  a  scandal-monger,  a  talebearer, 
a  fomenter  of  strife. 

B,  arang  :  coal.     Also  arang  b, 

B.  asah :  a  stone  on  which  medicines  are 
pounded  or  ground  down  ;  cf.  b.  pengasah  and 
b.  chanai, 

B.  bata  :  a  brick. 

J5.  belanda :  crystal. 

B.  berani :  also  besi  berani :  the  load-stone ; 
the  magnet. 

B,  bersarang :  perforated  limestone  rocks  in 
the  orifices  of  which  edible  bird's  nests  are 
found. 

B,  bisi  :  granite  rock  ;  any  hard  rock. 

J5.  bulang :  a  kind  of  dull  diamond  of  little 
value  ;  cf.  6.  johor. 

B.  buyong :  coins  used  by  a  pawang  in  an 
incantation. 

B.  chanai:  a  round  grindstone  for  sharpen- 
ing knives. 

B.  cheremin :  mica. 

B.  daching :  the  weight  used  in  a  daching 
balance. 

B.  dapor :  the  stones  on  which  a  saucepan 
rests ;  cf.  also  tumang  and  batu  tungku. 

B.duga:  a  plummet;  a  sounding  lead.  Also 
penduga  and  peluga, 

B,  geliga :  a  bezoar-stone. 

B.  gemala:  a  talismanic  stone;  a  gem 
possessing  magical  properties. 


B.  giling :  a  stone  roller  for  crushing  curry 
stuff. 

B.  jangka  :  a  short  sounding-Hne  for  boats. 

B.  jemala :  ==  6,  kepala,  q.  v. 

B.  johor :  [  Arab,  jauhar  ]  a  kind  of  dull 
diamond  like,  but  not  identical  with,  6.  bulang, 

B,  kail:  the  lead  of  a  fishing  line;  the 
weight  to  make  a  line  sink.     Also  b.  ladong, 

B,  karang :  coral  rock;  reef-formations; 
(  also )  galena  ore. 

B.  kawi:  manganese;  (also)  cinnabar. 

B,  kelikir :  coarse  sand. 

B,  kepala :  the  crown  of  the  head ;  the 
cranium  ;  see  batoL  This  word  is  often  used 
as  a  term  of  endearment. 

B,  kepala  tiyang :  the  rest  in  which  the  foot 
of  a  mast  is  placed. 

B,  kerikil :  crushed  metal  for  roads. 

J5.  lada :  gravel. 

B.  ladong :  =  b.  kail, 

B,  las:  the  stone  (in  its  rough  state)  from 
which  whetstones  are  made  ;  emery. 

B.lichin:  smooth  pebbles;  stones  smoothed 
by  the  action  of  water. 

B,  lintar :  fossil  stone  implements ;  also  b, 
halintar,  and  b.  petir, 

B,  marmar :  marble. 

jB.  mas  hurong :  iron  pyrites. 

B,  melaka :  diamonds  (the  suit  in  playing 
cards  ) ;  floor  tiles,  paving  stones. 

B,  merah :  laterite  rock. 

B.  nilam :  sapphire. 

B.  pasir :  sandstone. 

B.  pengasah  :  a  smooth  whetstone. 

JB.  perak  :  silver  ore. 

B.peti:  a  cubical  foundation  stone. 

B,  petir :  v.  6.  lintar, 

B,  puwalam :  alabaster. 

B,  roboh:  debris,  masses  of  broken  rock  after 
a  landslip  or  cataclysm  ;  see  also  infra, 

jB.  sauh :  a  native  anchor :  the  stone  in  a 
native  anchor. 

B.  sempadan  :  a  boundary  stone. 

B,  tagar :  a  meteoric  stone  ;  also  ( according 
to  Malay  belief)  a  stone  which  shoots  up 
through  the  ground  as  by  volcanic  action. 

B.  telerang:  gold-reef;  quartz. 

B,  timbangan  :  weights  used  in  a  balance. 

jB.  timbul :  pumice-stone. 

B.  ubin  :  dlso  jubin  and  rubin;  floor  tiles. 

B.  uji :  touchstone. 

B.  ular :  (i)  the  bezoar  stone  believed  by 
Malays  to  be  used  by  a  snake  and  to  possess 
luminous  quahties;  (2)  a  black  stone  which  is 
said  to  have  talismanic  properties  antidotal 
to  snake  bite. 

A  kar  b. :  a  climbing  plant ;  byttneria  maingayi. 

Ayer  b. :  ice. 


BATOH 


t    76    ] 


BAJU 


Barah  b, :  a  hard  round  abscess  or  tumour. 

Champak  6. :  to  throw  a  stone  at  anything — 
a  Malay  expression  corresponding  to  our 
**  shaking  the  dust  off  our  feet.'* 

Chap  b. :  lithography. 

Gula  6. :  loaf  sugar. 

Ikan  b. :  a  fish,  crenidens  sarissophorus, 

Juru  b, :  the  petty  officer  in  charge  of  the 
anchor  and  moorings  of  a  ship. 

Kayu  b, :  a  very  hard  wood ;  blumea  lacera. 

Kepala  b. :  massive  rocks  at  the  end  of  a 
promontory  ;  (also)  stones  placed  on  anything 
to  prevent  it  being  blown  away. 

Landak  b, :  an  animal  of  the  hedgehog  type  ; 
atherura  fasciculata. 

Murai  6. ;  a  bird ;  see  murai, 

Rumah  b. :  a  stone  or  brick,  as  opposed  to  a 
wooden  or  attap  house. 

Sa-buwah  6. :  a  stone. 

Gigi  duwa  b. :  two  teeth.  Cf.  suwatu  = 
sa-batUy  by  etymology. 

Membatu :  to  remain  hard  when  cooked,  as 
very  old  beans;  to  be  stony.  M.  roboh,  or 
b.  roboh :  an  expression  used  of  any  exceptional 
celebration,  such  as  a  double  wedding  or 
festivities  on  an  event  of  very  rare  occurrence, 
such  as  a  jubilee.  Batu  roboh  semuwa-nya 
hita  kahwtnkan:  let  us  make  an  exceptional 
festival  of  it  by  holding  all  these  weddings 
simultaneously  ;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed.  Tertawa  mem- 
batu roboh,  or  Urtawa  sapMi  batii  roboh :  roars 
of  laughter;  Ht.  Best. 

45\i    batoh.     A  gambler. 

ijri  bati.  Indissoluble  blending  or  union.  Sehaya 
dengan  diya  sa-bati :  he  and  I  are  one  in 
interest — you  cannot  injure  one  without  affect- 
ing the  other. 


t 


baja.  I.  [  Skr.  wajra.  ]  Steel ;  also  the 
process  of  making  steel ;  tempering ;  improv- 
ing; manuring. 

Anak  raja  mudek   ka-Daik, 

Masok  ka-taman  mandi  di-kolam; 
Kalau  ami   baja  yang  baik, 

Sadikit  di-chanai  menjadi  tajam : 
if  the  tempering  is  well  done  from  the  first, 
a  little  whetting  will  restore  its  sharpness. 

Tuwan  laksana  barang  bBrbaja, 
Sakaliyan   bhi  menjadi  guna : 
you,    Sir,    are    like    good    tempering    which 
renders   all    iron   valuable ;    "  whatever    you 
touch  turns  into  gold  '* ;  Prov. 

Tanah  yang  tiyada  birbaja  lagi :  unmanured 
land;  Ht.  Abd.,  475,  Kadok  khia  baja: 
coarse  sireh  when  manured;  ill  weeds  grow 
apace;  Prov. 

Bajakan :  to  manure  padi  shoots  by  dip- 
ping them  in  manure  on  taking  them  out  of  the 
nursery  and  keeping  them  in  the  manure  for 
two  days  before  transplanting  them. 


5^1 


II.  An  oily  preparation  made  by  burning 
coco-nut  shell  and  used  for  staining  the  teeth. 
MSmbakar  b, :  to  burn  coco-nut  shell  for 
making  this  stuff;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed. 

III.  A  plough;  better  bajak^  q.  v. 

^H  bajang.  An  evil  spirit  generated  by  the  blood 
shed  in  childbirth.  This  spirit  can  be  used 
as  a  familiar  spirit.  M^naroh  b, :  to  keep 
such  a  familiar  spirit  in  one's  service.  Gelang 
b,  :  an  armlet  worn  by  a  child  as  a  protection 
against  the  influence  of  these  evil  spirits. 

Tapak  bajang  and  kuku  bajang:  a  peculiar 
pattern ;  a  trapeze,  the  base  of  which  is  shorter 
than  the  opposite  side ;  projecting  pieces  of 
wood  in  this  shape  which  are  intended  to  fit 
into  corresponding  notches  in  another  plank 
and  so  join  the  two  planks  together  more 
firmly.  Baju  b. :  a  sort  of  swallow-tailed  baju 
or  coat;  Sej.  Mai.,  390. 

bajing.     Jav.     A  squirrel;  properly  tupat,  q.  v. 

bajak.      I.      (Riau,    Johor)     A    plough ;  = 
( Kedah )  tenggala. 
Mata  b. :  the  ploughshare. 
Tiyang  b. :  the  shank. 
Sungkal  6. :  the  board  of  a  ploughshare. 

II.  Jav.  A  pirate;  Ht.  Koris.  Better 
perompak, 

^3>-\.»  bajik.  [Jav.  bechik  =  baik,  ]  Kebajikan  : 
kindness,  goodness,  advantage.  Chap  kebaji- 
kan atas  kedtiwa  pehak  :  the  seal  of  mutual  good 
will;  Ht.  Abd.,  472.  Mendatangkan  kebajikan 
dan  fd'idah :  to  bring  profit  and  advantage ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  105. 

^^\  bajan.  [Skr.  bhdjana,]  A  basin.  Ambil 
darah  jantong-nya  itu,  buboh  pada  suwatu  bajan 
yang  besar :  take  his  heart's  blood  and  place  it 
in  a  large  basin  ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  329.  Better 
bejana^  q.  v. 

j>-u  bajau.  I.  The  name  of  an  Indonesian  race 
of  sea-gipsies ;  a  semi-piratical  race  residing 
on  the  E.  and  N.  coast  of  Borneo  and  W. 
coast  of  Celebes. 

Kurong  b, :  a  cabin  with  an  entrance  from 
above,  and  not,  as  is  often  the  case  with  Malay 
ships,  opening  into  the  well  of  the  ship. 

II.     (Singapore)  Speed,  rapidity  of  work. 

j>-\j  baju.  An  outer  garment  for  the  upper  part  of 
the  body ;  a  coat, 

B,  anggerka :  a  long  overcoat  or  surtout ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  419. 

B,-baju:  a  fern  (unidentified)  ;  T.  S.  A.  S., 
III.,  108. 

B,  bajang:  a  kind  of  swallow-tailed  coat; 
Sej.  Mai.,  390. 

J5.  belah  or  b.  belah  dada:  a  baju  which  is 
open  in  front. 


BAJI 


[  n  ] 


BADUT 


^\. 


B,  best :  a  steel  coat ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  6i ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Mard.  Orang  tuwa  bongkok  memakaz  baju 
best:  a  humpback  in  a  breastplate;  a  tortoise. 

B.  hujan  :  a  mackintosh  ;  a  rain-coat. 

B.jubbah:  v.  jubbah, 

B.  kanji  pSrak  :  a  singlet  of  foreign  make. 

B.  kafak  :  a  kind  of  native-made  singlet. 

B.kot:    (Eng.  coat)  an  English-made  coat. 

B.  kotong :  a  sleeveless  6.  kurong,  q.  v.  Also 
6.  katong;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

B.  kurong :  the  ordinary  Malay  upper  gar- 
ment, a  baju  closed  up  in  front  with  only  a 
small  opening  below^  the  neck  to  permit  of  the 
head  passing  through;  Kam.  Kech.,  ii. 

B.  meskat:  a  coat  with  an  ornamental  collar, 
worn  at  weddings. 

jB.  panas  :  an  overcoat. 

B.  pesak  sa-belah  :  a  double-breasted  baju, 

B.  pesak  enam :  a  coat  made  with  six  seams 
running  down  its  body. 

B,  pokok  :  a  kind  of  b,  kotong  worn  in  war. 

B,  rantai  :  a  coat  of  chain  mail.  Penikam  b. 
rantai :  a  long  heavy  pike  intended  to  pierce 
through  a  coat  of  mail. 

B,  seroja  :  a  coat  with  a  quilted  collar;  Sej. 
MaL,  390. 

B.  sika:  a  Bugis  baju  with  tight  sleeves  slit 
at  the  ends. 
B.  tanggong :  a  buttonless  baju, 

B.  tekwa:  a  long,  tight,  sleeveless  coat,  said 
to  be  of  Bugis  origin  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

B.teratai:  a  coat  similar  to  b,  seroja)  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub. 

B.  top  :  a  loose  baju  with  very  loose  sleeves ; 
a  bajti^  worn  by  women  only. 

B,  ubor :  a  coat  with  a  hanging  collar;  Ht. 
Ind.  Meng. 

Kain  6. :  sarong  and  baju ;  clothes  generally. 
Ranching  b, :  a  native  button. 

Kekek  b, :  a  piece  of  cloth  let  in  under  the 
armpits. 

Pesak  b, :  the  pieces  of  cloth  let  into  the  side 
of  a  Malay  baju  to  allow  it  to  hang  properly. 

Saku  b, :  the  pocket  of  a  coat. 

Tangan  b. :  the  sleeve  of  a  coat ;  also  len- 
gan  b, 

baji.  A  small  thin  wedge;  a  wedge-shaped 
piece  of  wood  thrust  into  a  gap  to  prevent 
anything  shaking,  e.g.,  as  when  a  mast-rest  is 
too  wide  for  a  mast  and  anything  is  driven  in 
to  keep  it  tight.  Baji  dahan  membelah  dahan : 
a  wedge  made  of  a  branch  splits  a  tree  branch ; 
an  inferior  profiting  at  his  superior's  cost ;  an 
inferior  being  employed  to  ruin  his  master ; 
Prov. 

Pokok  ara   ada   di-ulu, 

Tibang  orang  membuwat  rakit ; 
Kera  b^rmain  baji   kayu, 
Baji  t^rchabut  ekor  tersSpit : 


r 


•v. 


when  a  monkey  plays  with  a  wooden  wedge, 
the  wedge  gets  pulled  out  and  his  tail  gets 
jammed  in ;  don't  meddle  with  what  you  do 
not  understand ;  Prov. 

Baji'baji  :  a  saltwater  fish  shaped  something 
like  a  wedge ;  platycephalus  rnacracanthus, 

B,  belah :  a  wedge  for  splitting  open  any- 
thing. 

B,  rapat :  a  wedge  for  filling  up  an  interstice 
and  so  tightening  anything 

bacha.  Reading;  the  recitation  of  prayers  or 
of  set  formulae ;  the  utterance  of  incantations. 

Bachaan  :  reading,  the  process  or  art  of  read- 
ing. Tanda  b, :  the  diacritical  marks  used 
with  the  Arabic  alphabet;  Ht.  Abd.,  149. 

Bachakan,  membacha,  and  membachakan :  to 
read ;  to  have  read ;  to  get  anything  read  or 
uttered.  Membacha-bacha :  to  keep  reading. 
M.  Hlmu  :  to  utter  magical  formulae  ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya.  M.  didalam  hati :  to  read  silently  ;  to 
repeat  mentally. 

Pembacha  :  a  reader,  a  reciter ;  Sh.  Jub.  MaL 


ysAj    bachar.      Eagerness  to  put  in   a  word;  the 
"    '      talkativeness  of  a  man  who  does  not  wait  to 
be  asked  before  giving  his  opinion ;  leaky,  of 
the  mouth  ;  cf.  bochor  and  bachir. 


>rV 


t"-- 


V, 


Jr 


OT^ 


bachir.  Bochor -bachir :  very  leaky,  very 
watery ;  an  intensitive  of  bochor y  q.  v.  Bochor 
bachir  pida  tahi-nya :  he  suffered  from  bad 
diarrhoea;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

bachang.  A  coarse  mango  or  jack-fruit; 
mangifera  fcetida ;  Ht.  Raj.  Haji,  183.  Also 
embachang,  membachang  and  machang.  The 
word  is  also  applied  to  a  bubo,  from  its  shape. 

bachak.     The   name   of    a   palm    bush,    the 

leaves  of  which  are  used  as  ci garette- wrappers ; 
C.  and  S. 

bachok.  Bamboo  vessels  for  carrying  milk, 
water,  etc.  ;  C.  and  S. 

bachul.  Timid,  spiritless.  Ayam  6. :  a  cock 
that  won't  fight. 

bachin.  Foul,  fetid,  stinking;  the  smell  of 
decayed  fish. 

b^khil.  Arab.  Covetous,  avaricious;  Sh. 
Abd.  Mk.,  89. 

bdd.  Pers.  The  wind ;  =  angin,  Bala  bdd : 
=  di-atas  angin.  Zir  bad :  =  di-bawah  angin. 
See  angin. 

bada.     Plantain  fritters;  C.  and  S. 
badut.     [  Jav.  bodud.  ]     A  jester ;  a  buffoon- 


BADAR 


[    78    ] 


BARUT 


j^V)    badar.     A  species  of  edible  freshwater  fish ; 


lT^^! 


j-\< 


J-^^ 


3^^! 


A> 


A, 


^•j^. 


badus. 

barwd. 


(  Penang. )      A    pimp ;  more  usually 


^V    badong.     I.     A  fish  ( unidentified) 


iS^\ 


badang.  A  large  round  bamboo  tray  or  sieve 
used  either  for  sifting  grain  or  for  supporting 
objects  put  out  to  dry  ;  cf.  nytru. 


11.  Jav.  A  sort  of  gorget  or  breastplate 
worn  by  a  child. 

badak.     A  generic  name  for  the  rhinoceros. 

B,  apt :  a  savage  legendary  rhinoceros,  some- 
times described  as  being  hairy  and  red,  some- 
times as  having  a  luminous  horn. 

B.gajah:  the  one-horned  (Javan)  rhino- 
ceros ;  rhinoceros  jav  aniens . 

B.himpit:  (Kedah)  a  small  tapir. 

J5.  kerbau :  the  two  horned  (Sumatran) 
rhinoceros ;  rhinoceros  snmatranus, 

B.  raya :  a  large  rhinoceros ;  a  rhinoceros 
of  the  largest  type. 

B.tampong:  (Kedah)  a  tapir;  =  ( Riau, 
Johor)  tenok, 

B.   tumang  :  the  rhinoceros,  so  called  from  its 
three  toes. 
B.  ubi:  another  name  for  the  b,  gajah, 
Lidah  b, :  a  climbing  aroid  :  pothus  latifolins, 
Sumbu  b. :  the  horn  of  a  rhinoceros. 
Sayang  anak   badak   tampong, 
Chuchu  kumm   badak   raya; 
Kanak'kanak  yang  di-dukong 
Si-apa  ptda  bapa  diya  ? 

it  is  sad  that  the  son  should  be  a  tapir,  and 
the  grandson  a  royal  rhinoceros ;  who  then  is 
the  father  of  the  child  that  you  hold  in  your 
arms  ?  It  is  a  wise  child  that  knows  its  own 
father;  Prov. 

badek.     A  kind  of  small  knife  sharpened  on 
one  side  only. 

badok.     I.      Shapeless;    of    uncertain  size 
C.  and  S. 

IL  A  fish  (unidentified),  the  ear  of  which  is 
said  to  bear  some  resemblance  to  that  of  a 
man. 

badam.     L     Bunga  b, :  patches  on  the  skin 
explained  as  the  symptoms  of  incipient  leprosy. 

11 .     Pers.     An  almond. 
badan.     The  body ;  see  ^ j^ 

badai.     I.     Behaviour,  carriage,  deportment ; 
C.  and  S. 

II.  Drifting  together ;  adhering,  of  drift- 
wood, which  collects  in  masses  on  the  surface 
of  the  water ;  C.  and  S. 


III.  A  squall,  a  sudden  gust  of  wind  attri- 
buted to  the  agency  of  the  spirits  of  the  sea  ; 
cf.  badi. 

(S^\  badi.  L  A  nervous  fit;  sudden  and  inex- 
plicable fits  of  trembling,  attributed  by  Malays 
to  supernatural  agency ;  the  sense  of  being 
haunted;  the  infection  of  a  disease;  panic  fear; 
the  ill-luck  of  a  place.  Kena  b, :  to  be  seized 
with  sudden  fear.  Membuwang  b. :  to  drive 
away  the  evil  influences  which  haunt  a  spot. 

Also  bahadi;  cf.  J.  I.  A.,  L,  316,  321, 

IL  (Penang  and  Kedah.)  A  small  knife  or 
sickle  used  in  padi  harvesting. 

j\  bara.  I.  Live  coals;  red-hot  cinders.  jB. 
apt :  id.  Jangan  di-genggam  bara,  rasa  hangat 
di'lepaskan  :  do  not  grasp  live  embers :  you  will 
drop  them  on  feeling  the  heat ;  do  not  fight 
against  the  inevitable ;  you  will  only  suffer 
for  it ;  Prov.,  Marsd.  Gr.,  210  ;  Bint.  Tim.,  16 
Jan,,  1895.;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Genggatn  bara  apt 
biyar  jadi  arang  :  if  you  grasp  live  coals,  grasp 
them  till  they  become  mere  charcoal ;  if  you 
undertake  a  desperate  enterprise,  throw  your- 
self desperately  into  it ;  half  measures  are  use- 
less in  a  great  crisis  ;  Prov. 

Lipan  6. :  a  very  venomous  red  centipede. 

IL  Tolakbara:  ballast,  Ht.  Abd.,  65;  see 
behara, 

III.  Sara-bara  :  io-gsy -tuTvy,  helter-skelter; 
Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  9,  49 ;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  2 ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  64,  135.  Chakar  b. :  scratched  all 
over ;  better  chakar  balar. 

IV.  [Hind,  bard.]  Great,  large  (in  nautical 
terms  only  used  by  lascars  on  European  types 
of  ships). 

\)  barat.  West;  the  West.  J5.  laut :  the  N. 
W.     B»  tepat :  due  west.     B.  daya  :  S.  W. 

Sokong  b,  :  to  move  a  house  so  as  to  make  it 
face  west  (towards  Mecca). 

Sesatb.:  confused;  muddled;  Sh.  K.  G.  T. 
9;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

Ikan  barat'barat :  the  name  of  an  edible  sea- 
water  fish,  triacanthus  strigilifer ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub., 

7»  19- 

Timor  beraleh  sa-belah  barat :  the  East  turn- 
ing West ;  topsy-turvidom ;  the  reversal  of 
nature's  rules ;  the  Greek  calends ;  Prov. 

A>  barut.  The  act  of  bandaging ;  a  wrapper,  a 
bandage.  Di-ambil-nya  kain  lain  di-barut-nya 
pada  mala  luka :  he  took  a  piece  of  cloth  and 
wrapped  it  round  the  mouth  of  the  wound ; 
Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  95. 

Barut  is  also  used  for  a  kind  of  bodice  worn  by 
a  child  when  he  is  some  months  old ;  cf. 
bedong.  B.  kereta  and  6.  gantong :  children's 
clothes.  B.  panjang :  a  bandage  worn  by  a 
woman  after  childbirth. 

Budak   berlampin   kena   bedong 
Besar  sa-dikit  memakai   barut: 

a  child  in  swaddling  clothes  wears  the  bedong^ 
but  when  a  little  bigger  he  puts  on  the  barut ; 
(from  a  Pantun). 


-L> 


^j 


BARIS 


[    79    ] 


BARU 


^^^u    baris.     I.     Aline;  a  row;  a  file  of  soldiers; 
a  diacritical  mark. 

B,  bujor :  formation  in  column  (of  men). 

B,  di-atas,  b,  di-bawah,  and  b,  di-hadapan : 
the  Malay  names  for  the  Arabic  vowel  marks, 
fathah,  kasr  and  dlammah;  Ht.  Abd.,  145. 

J5.  laksamana:  the  double  triangle  (in  art). 

B.  mati :  the  diacritical  mark,  known  in 
Arabic  as  jazm, 

B,  sipahi :  a  line  of  soldiers.  Bartsan  ser- 
dadu :  id.,  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Di-ajar-nya  baris: 
he  taught  them  drill.  Membaris :  to  drill. 
Berjalan  berbaris-baris  :  to  walk  side  by  side — 
as  opposed  to  berjalan  berbuntut-btmtut,  to 
walk  in  Indian  file. 

II.  Baris-baris:  small  flying  insects;  =  bari- 
bari,  q.  v. 

{^J^{    barus.     The  name  of  a  Sumatran  port.      Ka- 
por  b, :  camphor. 

Pokok  6. ;  a  tree ;  garcinia,  sp. 

P\J^,  barang.  Indefiniteness ;  anything  of  an  in- 
definite character  ;  things  in  general ;  articles 
with  the  idea  of  indefiniteness  attaching  to 
them  ;  anything ;  any, 

B.apa:  anything  whatever;  anything  that. 
JB.  kata-mti :  anything  that  you  may  say ;  any 
words  of  yours. 

B.  di~mana  :  anywhere ;  in  any  place. 

J5.  bila  :  whenever.  B.  ka-mana  :  anywhere; 
to  any  place.  Barang  enam  tujoh  puloh  orang  : 
some  60  or  70  men.  B,  kala  :  whenever,  Ht. 
Par.  Ptg. ;  =  b,  bila,     B,  kali',  perhaps. 

B, -barang:  (i)  goods;  property  in  general ; 
(2)  ordinary ;  common.  Bukan  barang-barang 
elok-nya:  her  beauty  was  no  ordinary  beauty. 

Barang y  at  the  beginning  of  a  long  sentence, 
gives  to  that  sentence  the  meaning  of  the 
expression  of  a  hope  or  wish.  Barang  di-peli- 
harakan  A  llah  daripada  segala  marabehaya : 
may  God  preserve  it  ( my  city  of  Malacca) 
from  all  perils  !     Ht.  Abd.,  6. 

Sa-barang :  whatever. 

Potong  kayu   di4epi  paya, 

Budak-budak   memotong  rotan; 

Tuwan  ta^-tahu,   di-hati  sehaya, 

Sa-barang   kehendak   sehaya   turutkan : 

you  do  not  know  that  I  yield  to  every    incli- 
nation which  may  arise  in  my  heart. 

p J  u    baring.     Extended  horizontally  at  full  length ; 
^    *      the  attitude  of  a  man  lying  down. 

Berbaring :  to  lie  down ;  to  stretch  oneself 
on  the  ground  or  on  a  couch. 

Baringkan :  to  lay  down  (anyone,  e,g,^  a 
wounded  man)  in  a  horizontal  position;  to 
put  a  man  to  bed ;  Ht.  Abd.,  247 ;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah.     Membaringkan :  id, ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Tirbaring :  lying  down  stretched  out  at  full 
length;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  11. 


t 


jV;  barong.  I.  A  booth;  a  stall;  Sej.  Mai., 
i4i»  33;  a  building  of  a  less  temporary 
character  than  a  pondok,  but  not  intended  for 
permanent  residence ;  a  term  used  (as  being 
more  poHte  than  pondok)  for  a  temporary 
house  occupied  by  a  raja,  or,  in  affected 
humility,  by  a  raja  when  speaking  of  his 
dwelling. 

Barong  is  also  used  of  the  sheds  erected 
by  strolling  players  or  dancers.  Sana-lah 
orang  main  barongan :  there  are  people 
giving  a  performance  in  those  booths;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg. 

Pokok  b, :  a  tree,  eleocarpus  robusttis. 

II.  With,  together  with  ;  Cr. 

III.  (Dutch.)  Baron.  B.  laksamana:  the 
lord  admiral ;  Pijn. 

IV.  A  dent  in  a  chain  of  hills  allowing  of 
a  pass ;  a  road  between  hills  as  distinct  from 
a  road  on  the  flat  (lorong),  Berbarong : 
dented,  of  a  range  of  hills. 

^j\i  barek.  Veined;  variegated  in  shade;  marks 
of  the  same  colour  but  of  a  different  shade 
visible  in  paper  or  cloth  under  certain  con- 
ditions of  light, — as  the  water  mark  in  paper 
or  as  certain  patterns  in  silk. 

Pokok  b, :  a  shrub ;  antidesma  leucoclades. 
iSj    barok.     The  name  of  a  tribe  of  Orang  Laut. 


OJ 


\i    baran.     I.      Low    swampy  jungle.     Babi  b. : 
the  wild  pigs  infesting  marshes. 

II.      Baran-baran :    also    bebaran :    a    shell 
(unidentified). 


^JH 


\j    barau.     1.     Barau-barau:  a,  singing  bird;  Ht. 
Raj.  Sul.,  I  ;  (unidentified). 

II.     Ikan    baraii'barau :    a    fish,   priacanthus 
blochii.     Also  sebarau,  and  bebarau. 


^Xi  bam.  I.  A  sea-shore  tree,  the  wood  of 
which  is  used  for  various  small  articles  and 
the  bast  as  fibre;  hibiscus  tiliaceiis;  Sh.  Lamp., 

43- 

J5.  China  :  the  common  wormwood ;  artemisia 
vulgaris, 

B,  gimong :  a  tree  (paritium  simile,  according 
to  Crauford). 

B.   landak :  an    ornamental   shrub ;   hibiscus 
midabilis, 

B,  laut :  the  common  baru ;  hibiscus  tiliaceus ; 
also  guettarda  speciosa. 

Ikan  bunga  b.,  or  ikan  daun  b. :  an  edible 
saltwater  fish  (unidentified). 

11.     l^ew  ]  see  beharu. 


BARAH 


[    80    ] 


BASOH 


c^Vj 


fcjV. 


J-v- 


barah.     Boil ;  abscess ;  ulcer ;  tumour. 
B.  batang :  a  long  glandular  tumour. 

jB.   batti:  a  hard   roundish   boil  or  tumour 
which  does  not  break. 
B.  impang :  a  large  internal  abscess. 

B.  gajah :  an  eruption  of  small  internal  abs- 
cesses. 
J5.  kelawar :  an  abscess  under  the  armpit. 

JB.  kepala  beruwang :  an  abscess  on  the  shoulder 
or  knee. 

J5.  kepala  harnnau :  an  abscess  or  gathering 
under  the  ankle  bone. 

B.  ktmdor  burok :  an  abscess  above  the  knee, 
the  inflammation  of  which  extends  past  the 
knee  to  the  calf. 

B.  nangka :  an  abscess  on  the  calf. 

jB.  raja :  a  malignant  tumour. 

B.  sisek  :  a  kind  of  boil  resulting  in  a  scaly 
eruption. 

B,  skip :  a  liver  abscess  bursting  into  the  lung. 

B.  ular :  a  long  bubonic  inflammation. 

baroh.  Land  low-lying  as  compared  with 
the  position  of  the  speaker ;  land  below  one ; 
relatively  low-lying  land;  the  sea,  the  sea- 
coast,  relative  to  people  living  a  little  inland ; 
the  lower  slopes  of  a  hill  relative  to  the  upper. 

barai.  An  edible  saltwater  shell-fish  (un- 
identified). 

bari.  I.  Bari'bari :  small  flies  which  are 
very  fond  of  fruit.  Tuboh-nya  kechil  saperti 
bari'bari :  a  body  small  as  that  of  a  fruit-fly ; 
Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  28, 

II.  Arab.  The  Creator,  God.  Firman 
ban :    the    Creator's    command ;    Sh.    Lail. 

Mejn.,  51.     Yd  ban:  Oh  God,  the  Creator! 
Muj.,  16. 

III.  Pers.  A  complimentary  epithet ;  excel- 
lent, noble ;  see  behari. 

IV.  A  moveable  hatch  or  planking  in  a 
Malay  boat. 

bfi.Z.     Arab.     Hawk. 


,\, 


jj^,    bd*zar.     Pers.     Bazaar ;  usually  pasar. 


basong.  I.  Pointed  excrescences  from  the 
roots  of  certain  trees  like  the  berembang  and 
perepat.     Also  bangsong. 

II.  A  cylindrical  envelope  of  bark  for  raw 
sago ;  cf.  tampin,  q.  v.     Also  bangsong. 

III.  Half  seasoned;  hard  outside  and  soft 
within,  of  wood, 

IV.  Buwal  basong:  empty  chatter;  C.  and  S. 

V.  A  set  of  twenty-four ;  a  double  dozen ; 
a  collective  equal  to  two  dozen. 

basal.  A  kind  of  yellowish  swelling  following 
certain    diseases;    jaundice.     This    word   is 

used  as   an   equivalent  of  the  Arabic    ^\s, 

(jaundice)  in  the  Hay.  Haiw. 
B.  apt :  erysipelas. 


^ 


I 


4^' 


.1 


basau.  I.  Hard  to  the  teeth  when,  to  be 
good,  it  should  be  soft  (as  an  underdone 
potato). 

II.     Anaemic;  C.  and  S.  =  basal? 

basah.  L  Wet,  steeped  in  water,  saturated 
with  moisture.  Ta'-payah  basah  kaki  tangan : 
it  is  not  difficult  to  get  one's  hands  and  feet 
wet;  it  is  not  difficult  to  be  generous  with 
the  money  of  others;  Prov.  Sadikit  hujan 
banyak  yang  basah :  a  little  rain  but  many 
wetted ;  much  cry  and  little  wool ;  Prov. 
Karam  b^rduwa  basah  sa-orang :  two  men  are 
wrecked,  but  only  one  gets  wet ;  two  men 
embark  on  an  enterprise  and  one  monopolizes 
the  results ;  Prov.  Beras  basah :  wet  rice ; 
rice  that  will  fetch  nothing;  worthless  talk; 
Prov.  Ubat  basah  :  wet  gunpowder  ;  powder 
that  will  not  go  off";  a  story  that  **  won't 
wash'';  Prov.  Rendam  ta' -basah  :  steeped  in 
water,  it  will  not  get  wet ;  you  may  try  to  get 
blood  out  of  a  stone  but  you  will  get  none ;  a 
description  of  a  miser ;  Prov. 

B.  kuyup :  wringing  wet;  Pel.  Abd.,  128. 

Basahan,  kain  basah,  or  kain  basahan :  bathing 
clothes;  cheap  or  old  garments  fit  only  for 
wear  in  the  bath.  Kain  basah  keying  di- 
pinggang:  bathing  garments  allowed  to  dry 
on  the  person ;  the  poverty  of  a  man  who  has 
to  use  the  same  clothes  in  and  out  of  the 
bath ;  Prov.  Kain  jadi  basahan :  clothes 
reduced  to  use  at  the  bathing  place;  a  descent 
in  the  social  scale ;  Prov. 

Di-atur  pula   dengan   kursi, 

Tempat  makan   buwah   buwahan; 

Laksana   bunga  jadi  peraksi^ 
Sa-untpama   kain  jadi   basahan : 

as  flowers  reduced  to  making  scent,  as  clothes 
reduced  to  use  in  the  bath ;  with  beauty  gone 
and  utility  alone  remaining ;  Prov.,    Sh.  Pant. 
Shl„  2. 
Basahkan :  to  wet, 

II.  An  expression  used  in  cockfighting  when 
a  cock  has  wounded  another,  or  of  a  winner 
in  gambhng  when  he  has  **bled"  his  opponent 
freely.  Basah-lah  aku  sa-kali  ini :  I  have  won 
all  I  wanted  this  time. 

III.  Gently,  lightly;  see  behasa  II. 

basoh.  Washing,  cleansing  with  water, 
rinsing.  SapMi  ayer  basoh  tangan  :  like  water 
used  for  washing  the  hands;  a  symbol  of 
abundance;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  10,  406.  Akan 
membasoh  kaki  tangan :  for  washing  one's 
hands  and  feet;  for  one's  absolute  use;  Prov., 
Ht.  Abd.,  397.  Linchin  bagai  basoh  perahu : 
smooth,  as  when  a  ship  is  washed;  cleaned 
out,  as  a  washed  down  deck  ( of  a  man  who 
has  lost  all  his  money). 
Basohkan:  to  wash  off;  to  remove  by  wash- 
ing ;  Ht.  Abd.,  248,  396. 

Membasoh :  to  wash ;  to  clean  by  washing. 

Membasohkan :  =  membasoh  akan;  Ht.  Abd., 
389. 

Ayer  pMbasoh  kaki :  water  for  washing  the 
feet;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 


BASI 


[    8i     ] 


BAPA 


(5-^ 


basi.  I.  An  allowance  over  and  above  the 
calculated  amount ;  a  small  extra  allowance 
to  allow  for  contingencies  or  to.  keep  on  the 
safe  side  in  matters  of  expenditure. 

II.  Mustiness,  staleness,  as  the  result  of 
anything  being  kept  too  long.  Ayer  liyor  basi: 
the  dried  matter  about  the  mouth  on  rising 
in  the  morning.  Nasi  gulai  pun  hendak  basi  : 
the  curry  and  the  rice  are  spoiling ;  Ht.  Best. 
Ketupat  yang  sudah  basi :  a  keUipat  ( Malay 
dish)  kept  too  long;  Ht.  Si.  Misk.,  5. 

bashah.  [  Pers,  badshah,  through  Turkish.  ] 
A  Turkish  pasha;  Pel.  Abd.,  149. 

batal.  Arab.  Idle;  vain,  useless;  Sh.  Ul., 
6;'  Ht.  Gh, 

batin.  Arab.  Hidden;  secret;  esoteric — the 
converse  of  dldhir :  obvious.  Tuhan  yang 
mengetahuwi  dldhir  dan  bdtin :  God  who 
knoweth  the  revealed  and  the  concealed  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  279.  Adapun  segala  yang  budiman  itii 
apabila  iya  melihat  yang  dldhir  itu  maka  di- 
ketahuwi-nya4ah  yang  bdtin :  the  wise,  when 
they  perceive  the  revealed,  know  the  concealed 
(by  inference);  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  ^y.  Cf.  also 
Sh.  Peng.,  10;  Muj.,  28. 


^li    baghi.     Arab.     Tyrant,  rebel. 


bangat.  Speed ;  rapidity ;  extreme  speed ; 
stronger  than  lekas .  Meranchong  kalam  jangan- 
lah  bangat :  do  not  be  too  quick  over  sharpen- 
ing your  pen ;  Sh.  Nasih.,  5.  Jika  tuwanku 
hendak  bangat-bangat  semboh:  if  you,  my  Lord, 
desire  to  be  healed  with  the  maximum  of 
speed ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 

Bangat  amat  suchi :  extreme  cleanliness  ;  the 
maximum  of  cleanliness ;  Sej.  Mai.,  57. 

Bangat-bangat :  very  extreme  rapidity ;  an 
intensitive  of  bangat;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

J^^.  bangar.  I.  Putrid,  of  long  stagnant  water; 
foul,  in  the  extreme,  of  the  smell  of  decaying 
matter. 

11.  Ingar  bangar:  great  uproar;  Sh.  UL, 
20.  Also  engar  6.  and  hengar  6.;  Ht.  Best. 
See  ingar,  of  which  it  is  a  variant  for  inten- 
sitive formation. 

(J^V*  bangun.  I.  The  act  of  rising  to  an  upright 
position ;  the  position  risen  to ;  the  form  of 
anything  rising  or  sloping  upwards,  such  as 
the  shape  of  a  skull  ( Ht.  Mash.,  20),  or 
house,  or  as  the  formation  of  written 
characters ;  the  carriage  or  bearing  of  a  man. 
Terlalu  takut  bangun-nya :  he  bears  himself 
like  a  man  in  great  fear;  Ht.  Best.  Akan 
orang  muda  ini  bukan  sa-barang  orang  bangun- 
nya :  as  for  this  young  man  his  bearing  is  not 
that  of  an  ordinary  man ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 
Jatohb.:  falHng  and  rising;  stumbhng  along. 


^ 


B. -bangun:  shape,  form;  the  carriage  of  a 
person  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  237. 

B.  bangunan .'  ( i )  a  fortified  turret,  battle- 
ments; (sometimes  membangun)  a  crow's  nest 
in  a  stockade;  Sej.  MaL,  15;  Pel.  Abd.,  56; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;  Ht.  Koris;  (2)  a  scaffolding  of 
any  sort;  a  grand  stand;   Ht.  Nakh.  Muda,  58. 

Bangunkan :  to  raise ;  to  make  a  person  rise 
(from  a  couch);  to  erect  a  house.  Mem- 
bangunkan :  id.,  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 

Membangun:  (i)  to  rise,  to  get  up;  (2)  a 
crow's  nest ;  (3)  an  indemnity  for  a  murder ; 
pecuniary  damages  or  blood  money,  supposed 
to  bring  the  murdered  man  to  life  again  so  far 
as  his  relatives  are  concerned ;  cf.  diyat. 


II.     Bangun-bangun : 
croton. 


shrub  rather  like  a 


i\j  bangau,  I.  A  large  white  bird  like  a  stork  ; 
[  ciconia  capellata^  Cr. ;  bubulcus  coromandus, 
C.  and  S.  ]  Berapa-kah  tinggi-nya  terbang, 
bangau  itu  akhir-nya  iya  hinggap  di-belakang 
kerbaii  juga :  however  high  the  bangau  may 
fly,  it  ends  by  alighting  on  the  buffalo's  back ; 
if  a  man's  tastes  are  low  he  will  end  by 
returning  to  them;  Prov,,  Ht.  Abd.,  115. 
Bangau  melengong  di-tepi  kolani,  tut-tut  ayer 
kering :  while  the  stork  dozes  by  the  brink  of 
the  pool,  the  water  suddenly  dries  up  (a  riddle 
descriptive  of  a  lamp).  Mak  bangau^  mak 
bangaUy  mengapa  kau  kurus  ?  Bagaimana  ta- 
kurus,  ikan  ta'-timbtd :  mother  stork,  mother 
stork,  how  come  you  to  be  so  thin  ?  How  can 
I  help  being  thin  when  the  fish  will  not  rise 
to  the  surface  ? 

II.  The  curved  piece  of  wood  fixed  to  the 
bow  of  a  Malay  sailing  boat  on  which  the 
spars  rest  when  not  in  use,  C.  and  S. ;  possi- 
bly from  I.     Cf.  tentayu. 

_pV)    bangai.        The      abandonment    of     a    work 

•*     '      begun ;    the  leaving  undone  of  a  work  that 

should   be  done.     Akan  pekerjaan  sudah  ter- 

bangai :    as   for   the   work,    it   has   been   left 

undone ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  20. 

J\^  bapa.  Father  ( familiar  and  less  respectful 
than  ayah). 

Kechil  jangan  di-sangka  anak,  besar  jangan  di- 
sangka  bapa :  don't  imagine  him  your  child 
when  he  is  young,  nor  fancy  him  a  father 
when  he  grows  old ;  don't  bring  up  a  tiger- 
cub  or  adopt  a  son  of  vicious  parents ;  your 
kindly  feelings  will  not  be  reciprocated ;  Prov. 
Saudara  sa-ibu  sa-bapa  :  a  full  brother. 

B,  angkat :  an  adoptive  father. 

B,  bongsu:  one's  youngest  uncle;  usually 
pak  su. 

B.  mentuwa  or  6.  mertuwa :  father-in-law. 

B,  muda :  an  uncle  junior  in  age  to  one's 
father ;  usually  pak  uda. 


BAPANG 


[    82    ] 


BAKAL 


B,  randok:  (Kedah)  a  nickname  for  the  tiger. 

B,  saudara:  an  uncle. 

B,  tengah:  an  uncle  intermediate  in  age 
between  two  others ;  usually  pak  ngah. 

B.  tiri :  stepfather. 

B,  ttmggal :  an  only  uncle. 

B.  tiiwa :  an  eldest  uncle ;  usually  pak  uwa 

or  pak  wa, 

Berbapakan :  to  take  or  treat  as  a  father. 
Jika  hiwan  sudi  berbapakan  aku :  if  you,  Sir, 
will  allow  me  to  replace  your  father,  to  act 
**  in  loco  parentis'' ;  Sh.  Bid.,  102. 

Emak  6.,  or  ibu  b. :  father  and  mother; 
parents. 

Bapa  is  also  used  before  the  names  of  animals 
to  signify  that  they  are  adult  males.  B. 
kambing  :  an  old  he-goat. 

Cf.  bapak,  bapang,  and  pak, 

J^M  bapang.  Father,  my  father ;  a  form  of  bapa 
confined  to  literature  and  only  used  when 
speaking  of,  or  to,  one's  own  father. 


^u    bapak.     Father ;  see  bapa. 


j\   b&ki. 


^\. 


cil 


Arab.     Eternal ;  abiding ;  what  remains 
the  balance  left  over.     Bdkt  yang 


or  survives 

ketiga  ptdoh  ribu  dinar  itii : 

thirty  thousand  dinars  ;    Ht 


that  balance  of 
Kal.  Dam.,  361. 


baka.  Hereditary  qualities;  character  in  so 
far  as  it  is  influenced  by  heredity.  Tiyada 
engkau  membuwang  baka :  you  have  not  wasted 
your  hereditary  qualities;  you  are  '*  a  chip  of 
the  old  block";  Pel.  Abd.,  49.  Membuwang 
baka  ratu  hertawan :  to  discredit  his  wealthy 
royal  ancestors;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Bebaka :    coupling;    sexual    connection,     of 
animals. 

Penyakit  baka :  scrofula. 


bakat.  The  eddies  or  tide  rips  marking  the 
point  of  contact  of  two  currents ;  the  traces 
left  in  the  form  of  seaweed  and  driftwood 
which  mark  the  highest  point  attained  by  the 
last  tide ;  the  traces  of  an  inundation ;  the 
marks  of  a  past  disease  by  which  we  may  to  a 
certain  extent  judge  of  its  severity.  Bakat- 
bakat :  slight  markings  of  small-pox ;  much 
marked  being  bertapok.  B^rombak-ombak 
bakat :  a  choppy  sea;  tide  rips  in  bad  weather; 
Ht.  Best.  Sap  Mi  ombak  di4aut  di-sorong 
bakat  mengampar  ka-darat :  as  waves  at  sea 
push  on  the  driftwood  and  cast  it  ashore; 
Ht.  Sh.  Mard.  Sampai  sekarang  ada-lah 
bakat :  the  traces  ( of  the  inundation )  remain 
to  this  day;  Sh.  Bah.  Sing.,  5, 


f\ 


^ 
^\j 


/V 

A 
/V 


y^ 


bakar.  Burning;  exposure  to  the  direct 
action  of  fire;  roasting,  cooking  over  a  fire. 
Sakar  ta'-berapi :  burning  without  flame ; 
simulating  love  without  feeling  it ;  Prov. 
Bakar  tiyada  hangus :  burnt  without  being 
consumed;  punished  without  being  reformed; 
not  learning  wisdom  from  experience ;  Prov. 
Bakar  ta'-berbau:  burning  without  smell; 
telling  the  truth  but  not  being  believed;  Prov. 

Bakarkan,  and  membakar :  to  burn  ;  to  roast. 

Terbakar :  burnt.  Orang  t^rbakaran :  men 
whose  houses  have  been  burnt ;  men  burnt 
out  (of  their  homes).  Hati  terbakar:  deeply 
moved  by  anger. 

Cf.  tunu  and  hangtcs. 

bakir.     I.     Turned  (of  milk  and  other  liquids). 

n.  To  settle  in  a  place  and  seek  a  peaceful 
existence ;  C.  and  S. 

bakong.  A  large  white  flowered  lily-like  plant, 
crinnni  asiaticuni ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama   (Maxw.),  7. 

B,  ayer,  b,  pantai,  or  bunga  rasau  6.,  or  b, 
suwasa:  a  common  jungle-plant;  susum  antheU 
micum.  The  name  6.  ayer  is  also  applied  to  a 
small  aroid ;  chamoecladon  angustifolititn, 

bakap.  A  fish  (unidentified)  resembling  the 
ikan  bujok  or  ikan  haruwan,  but  of  a  darker 
colour. 

bakup.  Swollen  up,  as  the  eyes  or  lips  after 
a  fight ;  closed  by  inflammation  ;  swollen  with 
weeping,  of  the  eye. 

Orang  itu   kena   tumbok 

Bengkak   bakup   bibir   mata  : 

that  man  has  received  a  heavy  blow  ;  his  eye- 
lids are  swollen  and  closed  up.  Mata  b, :  an 
eye  closed  by  inflammation  ;  a  black  eye. 

bakak.  Kain  b. :  a  kind  of  cloth  used  for 
women's  head  dresses. 

bakek.     A  pepper ;  piper  chaba. 


bakok.  Stupid,  inattentive,  senseless, 
aware  of  danger.  Orang  6. ;  a  half-witted  or 
stupid  fellow.  Burong  b, :  a  nickname  or 
descriptive  name  of  a  species  of  wood-pigeon 
which  is  easily  snared.  Ikan  b,  : 
(unidentified). 


un- 


fish 


bakal.  I.  Descent;  hereditary  social  posi- 
tion as  opposed  to  hereditary  qualities;  cf. 
baka,  Bakal  laksamana :  descendants  of  a 
laksamana;  a  family  which  has  supplied  a 
laksamana  to  the  State.  Sanak-nya  dan  sanak 
yang  bakal  laki-nya :  her  family  and  her  hus- 
band's family;  Laws  of  Palembang;  Simb. 
Ch.,  13.  Melihat  bakal  menantu-nya :  seeing 
his  son-in-law's  relatives ;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed. 

n.  [Jav.  a  word  giving  a  future  sense  to 
its  context.]  Intended  for;  about  to  be 
turned  into.  B.  rumah:  material  collected 
for  house  building. 


BAKUL 


[    83    ] 


yv, 


bakul.  A  basket ;  a  hamper.  Duwa  buwah  b, : 
two  baskets.  Menjunjong  b,:  to  carry  a  basket 
on  the  head;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Bakul  berisi 
duri :  a  basket  full  of  thorns  ;  Sh.  Raj.  Haji. 
Bakul  beramin  :  a  basket  of  open  network. 

Cf.  tembakul,  the  name  of  a  fish  which  swims 
about  with  its  head  above  water. 


bakam.    A  ruby ; 
and  dalima. 


KL,  C.  and  S.     Cf.  nakam 


bakau.  A  name  applied  to  mangrove  trees,  i 
chiefly  rhizophorece ;  mangrove  swamps ;  | 
swampy  mangrove-covered  coast.  1 

Tampak   api   di-Tanjong   Tuwan 

Ktiwala   Linggi    bakau-nya   rendah : 

we  see  the  light  on  Cape  Rachado  and  the 
low-lying  mangrove  swamps  at  the  mouth 
of  the  Linggi  river.  Pohtm  kayu  b. :  ?l  man- 
grove tree;  Sej.  MaL,  116. 

B.  ptiteh  :  bruguiera  caryopkylloides, 

Huian  b, :  a  mangrove  swamp. 

Ular  b. :  a  very  venomous  snake. 

bakai.  Mandi  6. ;  (  Kedah  )  washing  in  fresh 
water  after  first  washing  in  salt ;  the  washing 
of  a  dead  body  from  the  waist  downwards. 

bagor.  I.  Big;  of  exceptional  height  and 
breadth  ;  tall  for  his  age,  as  a  boy. 

II.  To  scrape  the  sand  on  a  river  sandbank 
into  an  enclosure  with  a  low  surrounding 
embankment  in  which  small  fish  are  held 
captive  ;  C.  and  S. 


{j^\    bagas.     Continuous,  as  a  gale  of  wind 


c^ 


bagUS.  I.  Handsome,  pretty,  line  ;  whether 
of  a  man's  appearance  or  of  that  of  an  inani- 
mate object.  Rumah  b. :  fine  house.  Kota 
sa-bagus  ini :  so  fine  a  fort.  Bukan-nya  dart 
sebab  bagus  rupa-nya  :  not  because  his  presence 
was  handsome;  Ht.  Abd.,  271. 
II.     Jav.     A  title  of  distinction.     Also  agns, 

bagong.  Clumsy,  awkward,  especially  of 
the  build  of  a  boat ;  cf.  bagor  and  bagal, 

bagok.     I.     A  medium-sized  marine  fish  (un- 
identified). 
II.     The  name  of  a  monkey  ;  v.  bangkok. 

bagal.  I.  Awkward,  too  tall,  too  big.  Ay  am 
b. :  a  fighting-cock  which  is  too  strong  for 
another  and  which  is  therefore  not  to  be  pitted 
against  it ;  a  cock  not  permitted  to  fight 
because  of  its  known  strength.  Cf.  bagong 
and  bagor. 
II.     The  peduncle  of  a  coco-nut ;  R.  v.  E. 

bagan.  A  platform  raised  on  posts  ;  anything 
of  the  nature  of  such  a  platform,  whether  a 
landing-stage,  or  a  watch-house,  or  a  mere 
scaffolding  for  drying  fish  ;  the  framework  in 
the  early  stages  of  housebuilding.  In  Kedah 
and  P.  W.  bagan  is  the  most  common  name 
for  a  landing-place;  zn pangkalan,  elsewhere. 


it 


J-. 


BALA 


bagau.  A  plant,  xyris  indica ;  a  herb  with 
grassy  leaves  and  yellow  flowers. 

bagU.     A  plant  (  gnetum  gnemon  ?  ) 

BagU'bagu :  a  partition  of  a  fruit ;  a  slice  or 
natural  sub-division  of  a  fruit ;  cf.  ulas. 

bagai.  Kind,  variety,  species;  {better sa-bagai) 
identical  with,  forming  one  species  with,  simi- 
lar to.  Permata  sembilan  bagai  :  gems  of  nine 
varieties.  Bagai  chaching  kepanasan :  like  a 
scalded  worm ;  writhing  in  helpless  agony ;  = 
saperti  chaching  kepanasan.  In  Kedah  and 
Penang  bagai  is  colloquially  used  where  saperti 
would  be  used  in  Malacca  and  Singapore. 

Bagai-bagai :  sorts,  kinds,  species. 

Bagaikan  :  as  if  to  ;  =  bagai  akan,  Rasa-nya 
arwdh-kii  bagaikan  hilang :  feeling  as  if  con- 
sciousness was  about  to  leave  me ;  Ht.  Abd., 
364- 

Bagaimana  :  in  what  way,  how  ( as  an  inter- 
rogative) .  Sa-bagaimana :  in  whatsoever 
way,  in  whatever  way.    Pronounced  bagimana, 

Berbagai  :  in  various  ways.  Berbagai  bagai  : 
id.  Berbagai-bagai  muslihat :  in  all  sorts  of 
ways,  by  all  sorts  of  means.  Tiyada  berbagai 
lagi :  indescribable,  incomparable,  peerless. 
Terlalu  baik  paras-nya  tiyada  berbagai  lagi: 
great  and  incomparable  was  her  beauty. 

PeUbagai:  sorts,  kinds,  species  ;  =  bagai-bagai. 

Sa-bagai :  see  above.  Sa-bagaiyan  :  thus,  so, 
in  this  manner;  Panch.,  53. 

Bagini  and  bagitu,  which  are  sometimes  given 
as  abbreviations  of  bagai  ini  and  bagai  itu^  are 
probably  only  variants  of  ba'-ini  and  ba'-itu. 

bagi.  Giving,  allotment ;  division  ;  see  behagi. 
Ikan  b.  b, :  a  fish,  platycephalus  tuberctUatus. 

bala.  I.  [Skr.  bdla.]  Soldiery,  an  army. 
Bala  tentara:  an  army,  troops  considered 
collectively;  (pronounced  bala-tenfra). 

II.  Pers.  Above, — in  the  expression  bala- 
bad,  the  Persian  equivalent  of  the  Malay  di- 
atasangin;  see  angin, 

III.  [Arab.  %.]  Misfortune,  injury.  Banyak 
bala  besar  akan  datang :  many  great  calamities 
are  approaching;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.  ^eharii 
jnwa  terlepas  daripada  suwatu  bala  maka  di-sam- 
bat  ptda  uleh  chelaka  yang  lain:  barely  had  he 
escaped  from  one  calamity  when  he  fell  into  the 
clutches  of  another  curse ;    Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  89. 

Bala  dan  aniyaya :  misfortune  and  oppression  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  12. 

Bala  benchana  :  misfortune  and  disaster. 

Tolak  bala :  a  sacrifice  or  other  offering  to 
remove  a  calamity  by  propitiating  the  evil 
spirits  causing  it.  Bukan-kah  tuwan  puteri 
raja  hendak  buwat  tolak  bala  melepaskan  daripada 
behaya  negeri :  is  not  the  king  going  to  make 
of  the  princess  a  propitiatory  offenng  to 
remove  the  calamities  of  the  nation?  Ht. 
Best.  Ayer  tolak  b. :  sacrificial  water,  holy 
water,  water  to  drive  away  evil  influence ;  Sh. 
Jur.  Bud.,  43» 


BAI.UT 


[    84    ] 


BALANa 


^V, 


;v 


uJV, 


balut.  L  Swollen,  of  the  eyes;  inflamed 
with  weeping.  Sayang  mata  yang  manis  men- 
jadi  balut :  it  were  a  pity  that  those  sweet  eyes 
should  be  dulled  with  weeping ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
Mata-nya  balut  bekas  menangis  :  her  eyes  were 
inflamed — the  sign  that  she  had  been  weeping  ; 
Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  15 ;  Sh.  Bid.,  87. 

Membalutkan  :  to  give  a  dull  inflamed  appear- 
ance to  the  eye ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  18,  79. 

II .  Enveloping  in  an  outer  cover;  coating 
anything  ;  covering  anything  in  an  outer  wrap- 
per of  a  different  material.  Di-balut-nya  sural 
dengan  kain  kuning  :  he  wrapped  up  the  letter 
in  yellow  cloth  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  129. 


B.  rokok  :  to  roll  up  a  cigarette, 
the  wrapper  of  the  h^tupat, 

Cf.  palut  and  band. 


B.  ketupat : 


bil-hakk.     Arab.     In  truth,  verily  ;    v. 


balar.  I.  Albino  whiteness;  unnatural 
whiteness ;  white  patches  on  the  skin  of  a 
naturally  dark  man  ;  the  whiteness  of  a  buffalo, 
Kerbau  b,  :  a  white  or  pink  buffalo  ;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah. 

Balar  puteh  atau  hitam  :  whit^  or  black  patchy 
discoloration  of  the  skin  ;  Hay.  Haiw.  Balar 
is  used  of  the  colour  of  the  skin,  pasak  of  the 
eyes. 


II.     Chakar 
chakar. 


balar  :    scratched  all  over  ;    see 


balor.  I.  Hard  skin  ;  dry  and  stiff  flesh  of 
any  sort  whether  in  the  form  of  jerked  meat 
or  untanned  hide  or  hard  leathery  portions  of 
the  skin  rendered  so  by  continual  friction  ;  = 
bBlulang.  Bangsa  balor  liyat :  a  slippery 
thick-skinned  race  ;  a  lazy  customer  whom 
stirring  up  will  not  render  industrious  ;    Prov. 

II.     [  Pers.    X  .  ]    Crystal ;    see  habelor  and 
abelor. 


balas.  I.  Sending  back  anything  in  the 
nature  of  a  return,  requital  or  reply ;  avenging 
an  injury ;  recompensing  a  good  deed ; 
answering  a  letter. 

Ada  hujan,   ada  panas, 
A  da   hart   buleh   balas  : 

rain  there  is ;  there  is  also  fine  weather ;  a  day 
will  come  when  retribution  is  possible ;  bide 
your  time  ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  88. 

Jangan   bagai   orang  berjudi, 

Alah  hendak   mimbalas,    menang  hen- 
dak   lagi : 

do  not  be  like  a  gambler  who,  when  he  loses, 
wants  his  revenge,  and  when  he  wins  wants  to 
go  on  ;  be  moderate,  do  not  become  a  slave  to 
your  pursuits  ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  33. 


i^- 


}i\ 


Tahu  balas  guna-nya  :  he  knows  how  to  bide 
his  time  and  avenge  an  injury  ;  Prov. 

Kaseh   bunga   Bmpelas 

Tumboh  di-kolam   di-sisi-nya; 

Kaseh  sahdbat   tiyada   terbalas 

Sa-timbang   ^alam  dengan  isi-nya : 

the  love  of  my  friend  is  beyond  requital  were 
you  even  to  set  in  the  balance  against  it  the 
world  and  all  that  therein  is ;  Bint.  Tim., 
27  Feb.,  1895. 

Balasan  :  a  reply,  a  requital ;  Ht.  Abd.,  36, 
211,  410,  412.  Pembalasan :  id.,  Sh.  Jub. 
Mai.,  16. 

Balasi :  to  requite,  to  reply  to,  to  repay  an 
injury ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  25,  26. 

Membalas  :  to  send  back ;  to  give  (something) 
in  reply,  repayment,  or  requital.  M.  tabek  : 
to  return  a  salutation,  M,  surat :  to  reply  to 
a  letter.  M.  kaseh :  to  return  or  requite 
affection. 

Membalaskan :  to  give  back  (something)  in 
return ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  4  ; 
Cr.  Gr.,  37;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  126. 

II.     Eur,     Ballast. 


bSfligh.  Arab.  Adult;  marriageable;  come 
to  years  of  discretion.  'Akal  bdligh :  the 
knowledge  that  comes  with  sexual  maturity. 
Hiijdtii'l'bdlighah :  mature  desires;  Sej.  MaL, 
150.  Ada  yang  tengah  naik  ada  yang  sudah 
sampai  'umur-nya  bdligh :  some  were  half- 
grown,  some  were  adults  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  268. 


balang,  I.  A  flask  or  bottle  with  a  thick  body 
and  a  long  narrow  neck;  a  kind  of  ewer. 
Ayer  mawar  sa-balang  :  a  flask  of  rose-water  ; 
Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  10.  Laksana  ayer  di-dalam-nya 
balang  :  like  water  in  its  ewer  ;  Sh,  Bur.  Nuri, 
15.  Pechah  balang  di4impa  balang  :  the  ewer 
broke  when  struck  by  another  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

II.  Perahu  balang  or  sampan  balang :  a  vessel 
with  a  high  freeboard,  two  masts  and  four 
oars, — used  by  pirates. 

III.  A  missile;  the  act  of  throwing.  Di- 
lempar-nya  dingan-nya  balang:  pelting  him 
with  missiles ;  Sh.  Pr.  Turki,  12.  Thialu 
deras  datang-nya  saperti  balang-balang :  his 
onset  was  most  rapid,  like  the  rush  of  a  pro- 
jectile; Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  85.     Cf.  Mmbalang. 


IV.      Balang-balang:     a    grasshopper; 
equivalent  of  belalang,  q.  v. 


an 


V.  Balang-balang :    the   mesh   of  a  net,   if 
medium-sized.     Cf.  torang. 

VI.  [Jav.  walang,]     Mournfulness,  melan- 
choly ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Vri.      Membalang-balang :    to  paddle    with 
short  quick  strokes.     Also  m^mbalam-balam. 


BALING 


[    85    ] 


BALOK 


i)u    baling.     Revolution  ;  moving  round  a  centre  ;   j 
^         hurling  with  a  tw^ist.  | 

Bolang  h. :  chain  shot ;    a  missile  consisting  | 
of  two  bullets  united  by  a  chain. 

Berbolang-baling:  turning  over  and  over;  Sh. 
Bur.  Pungg.,  17. 

Balingkan:  to  hurl  down,  e,  g.,  from  a 
throne  ;  Ht.  Mash.,  54  ;  to  hurl  with  a  rotary 
movement ;  cf.  balang.  Owing  to  the  absence 
of  vowel  points  it  is  not  always  easy  to  see 
whether  this  word  or  balang  III  is  meant ;  cf. 
Ht.  Hamz.,  88. 


B 


balong.  The  comb  of  a  cock.  B,  ay  am  :  id  ; 
(also)  the  name  of  a  shrub  or  small  tree  ;  anti- 
desma  ghoesembilla,  in  Penang,  and  xerospermum 
wallichianum^  in  Pahang. 

B,  ay  am  batu :  the  name  of  a  herb;  penta- 
phragma  begonicefolhim . 

B.  batu :  a  hard  small  stiff  comb  without 
gills. 

B.  hijau  :  a  large  tree  ;  epiprimis  malayafttis, 

B.  kerang :  a  comb  with  three  gills. 

B.  kulit :  patches  of  bark  not  adhering  very 
closely  to  the  main  trunk  of  a  tree ;  folds  of 
bark —  a  feature  believed  to  be  most  unlucky, 
and  to  attract  the  lightning.  Bagaimana  pohun 
ta'4unibang  di-panah  halilintar  sebab  balong 
kulit  ada  di-batang-nya :  how  can  the  tree 
avoid  falling  under  the  thunderbolt  since  it 
has  folds  of  bark  upon  its  trunk  ;  how  can  a 
man  born  unlucky  escape  misfortunes  ;    Prov. 

B.  Itmausa-ulas :  a  curved  comb  without  gills, 

B.  merga :  a  rose  comb  ;  C.  and  S. 

B,  sa4apis  :  a  long  thin  single  comb. 

B.  seraga  :  a  full  comb. 

B,  sireh  sa-kapor :  a  comb  in  three  separate 
folds,  side  by  side,  the  central  being  the 
largest. 

B.  sisir :  a  comb  something  like  the  b.  batu, 
but  with  short  gills. 

Buwang  b. :  (Johor)  circumcision. 

11.  Balong  bidai :  an  evil  spirit  supposed 
to  live  in  rivers  and  to  have  the  form  of  an 
open  mat  in  which  it  envelopes  and  drowns 
its  victims,  C.  and  S, ;  the  name  of  a  long,  thin, 
very  venomous  sea-snake,  also  known  as  ular 
gulong  bidai  and  ular  balam  bidai,  see  bidai, 

^\    balak.     I.     The  short  hair  of  an  animal. 

II.  [Arab.  ^, .  ]  Misfortune,  calamity; 
see  bala, 

III.  [  Dutch  balk,  ]  A  beam,  a  joist,  a 
rafter ;  Ht.  Abd.,  28,  93. 

^\    balek.     The  reverse  of  anything ;  the  hinder 

portion  of  anything;  position  at  the  back; 
movement  back  in  the  direction  from  which 
one  came.  Di-balek  bukit  itu:  behind  that  hill. 
Dudok'lah  nakhoda  itu  mBnanti-nanti  sampai 
tengah  hari  lalu  iya  pulang4ah  makan  kemudiyan 


iya  balek :  the  captain  sat  waiting  there  till 
midday,  then  he  went  home  for  his  dinner 
and  returned  again  afterwards ;  Ht.  Abd.,  43. 
Pulang  means  return  to  one's  starting-point, 
home  or  place  of  origin,  balek  return  to  a 
place  already  visited  but  not  a  point  of  original 
departure. 

B,  adab :  disrespect ;  ill-mannered ;  the  re- 
verse of  adab,  respect. 

B,  adap :  a  climbing  shrub ;  ausscenda 
variolosa,  Akar  b.  adap:  a  raspberry;  rubus 
glomeratus. 

B,  angin :  a  common  tree;  mallotus  cochin- 
chinensis,  B,  angiii  bukit :  a  shrub ;  croton 
sublyratus,  B.  angin  laut :  a  shrub  ;  callicarpa 
lanata,  B,  angin  puteh :  a  large  tree ;  maca- 
ranga  populifolia, 

B,  belah  :  upside  down  ;  the  lower  above. 

B,  daun :  a  plant  (unidentified).  Ayer  b, 
daun  :  dead  low  water  the  day  before  the  new 
moon. 

B,  juru :  the  ceremony  of  shaving  a  child's 
head  at  the  purification  of  the  mother. 

B.  kerak  :  to  return  to  the  dregs ;  to  remarry 
a  fully  divorced  wife. 

B,  kuning :  a  shrub  ;  mallotus  macrostachytis, 

B.  ktiwang :  to  hang  head  downwards,  as  an 
acrobat  from  a  trapeze. 

B.  mata:  conjuring.  Orang  b,  mata:  a 
conjuror.     Also  silap  mata, 

B,  sakit :  a  relapse. 

Bolak  b, :  going  and  returning ;  backwards 
and  forwards. 

Bulu  b, :  the  description  given  of  a  fowl  which 
appears  to  have  its  feathers  turned  the  wrong 
way. 

Chakap  berbalek-balek :  transposition  of  the 
syllables  in  speech. 

Tonggang  b, :  heels  over  head ;  standing  on 
one's  head. 

Balekkan :  to  turn  anything  round,  back  or 
upside  down.  Membalekkan :  id.  Tiyang 
rumah-nya  di-balekkan  ka-atas :  the  pillars  of 
his  house  were  turned  upside  down;  Ht.  Abd., 
251.  Maka  iya-pun  membalekkan  kepala-nya  ka- 
belakang :  he  turned  his  head  to  the  rear ;  Ht. 
Ind.  J  ay  a. 

Ber balek  :  ( i )  to  return ;  hujan  birbalek  ka- 
langit:  the  rain  returning  to  the  sky;  raining 
from  earth  to  sky ;  a  fabulous  or  impossible 
contingency;  Prov.;  (2)  to  make  a  return,  to 
requite;    Ht.  Abd.,  15. 

Terbalek :  reversed,  returned. 

^  U    balok.     1.     [  Port,  felucca  ?  ]     A  small  sailing 
craft,  a  felucca. 

IL  [Dutch  balk.]  A  beam,  a  joist;  see 
balak,  III. 

III.  MBmbalok :  to  '* string"  for  choice  of 
positions  at  the  game  called  '^  main  buwah 
keras ;  C.  and  S. 


BI'LLAHI 


[     86    ] 


BALAI 


4iil;    billahi.     Arab.    By  God,  in  the  name  of  God. 

/ivi  balam.  I.  Burong  balam  :  a  bird  of  the  dove 
or  pigeon  type;  Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Sri  Rama 
(Maxw.)  I ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  4  ;  Sh.  I.  M.  P., 
15;    Sh.  K.  G.  T.,  23. 

II.  Daun  5. :  a  weed,  pouzolzia  peniandra. 

III.  Ular  6.  bidai:  a  very  venomous  sea- 
snake,  better  tdar  balong  bidai  or  tdar  gulong 
bidai, 

IV.  Dimly  visible.  Tampak  balam  balam : 
visible  as  a  distant  haze ;  hazy  as  distant 
mountains. 

V.  Membalam-balam  :  to  paddle  with  short 
quick  strokes,  as  men  in  a  Malay  boat  race ; 
see  also  balang,  VL 

^V>    balan.     I.     Harimau  balan  daun:  (Kedah)a 
tree  tiger-cat. 

II.  The  large  pieces  of  timber  sunk  as  piles 
to  form  the  framework  of  a  dam  ;  C.  and  S. 


c>\ 


balun.     I.     To    beat    with   a   rattan.     Kena 
bahm  :  to  be  thrashed. 

Lembu   dogol  jangan   di-balun, 

Kalati   di'tandok  jatoh   terjerongkong : 

do  not  thrash  a  bullock  because  it  is  hornless, 
if  it  butts  you  you  will  fall  sprawling  down. 

Naga  b, :  a  fabulous  species  of  dragon  be- 
lieved by  Malays  to  kill  its  enemies  by  striking 
them  with  its  tail.  Naga  b.  is  also  the  name 
given  to  a  disease  of  the  stomach. 

II.  Returning  to  a  consciousness  of  one's 
terrestrial  surroundings  after  inspired  raptures 
or  spirit  possession. 

III,  J5.  hijau :  a  name  given  to  a  number 
of  meliaceous  trees ;  e.g.  dysoxylon  cauliflorum ; 
and  aglaia  minutiflora. 

^w    balau.     I.     A   large   tree   producing   a   good 
timber  much  in  use.     Also  efnbalau, 

B.  betina  :   a  large  tree  ;  swintonia  schwenkii. 

B,  baiu;  6.  bunga ;  and  b,  telor :  unidentified 
varieties. 

11.  Membalau  :  to  pare  oif  the  thorns  from 
a  durian. 

JVi    balu.     Widowed ;  a  widower,   a  widow ;    left 
desolate,  as  an  orphan. 

» 
(j:^\j    balni.      To  draw  the  game;    stalemate;    cf. 
seri. 

4iu    balah.     Disputing  :   quarrelling ;  wordy  war ; 
cf,  bant  ah, 

4ju    baloh.     The  wooden  frame  of  a  drum  or  of 
any  native  instrument  of  the  drum  type. 

Balohan :  the  frame  of  the  howdah;  Sej, 
MaL,  18. 


(3u  balaL  I.  An  open  building;  a  hall  with  a 
roof  but  open  at  the  sides ;  a  public  hall,  as 
opposed  to  a  residential  building ;  a  pavilion  : 
a  marquee  or  temporary  structure  for  the 
entertainment  of  guests  at  a  wedding ;  (some- 
times )  a  caravanserai ;  (  Penang )  a  police- 
station. 

Balai'balai :  a  model  of  a  house ;  a  spirit- 
house  used  as  an  anchak  or  receptacle  for 
offerings  to  spirits. 

B,  bandong :  a  double  balai ;  a  building  con- 
taining two  halls  or  courts  of  justice  com- 
municating with  each  other;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

B,  bayu:  a  kiosk;  Ht.  Koris;  also  b.  perangin, 

B,  derma :  a  hall  of  charity ;  a  kind  of  alms- 
house; Ht.  Mash. 

B,  gambang :  a  floating  pleasure-house ;  a 
sort  of  flower-boat. 

B,  gendang :  a  sort  of  bandstand;  a  place 
reserved  for  the  court  musicians. 

B,  kembang :  a  raja's  pleasure-house;  Sh. 
Bid.,  84;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Ht.  Par.  Ptg. 

B,  limas :  a  balai-balai  with  a  roof  of  the 
shape  known  as  limas ^  q.  v. 

B,  lintang  :  or  6.  melintang :  a  hall  facing  the 
fort ;  Sh.  Bid.,  89. 

B.  madat :  a  sort  of  watchhouse. 

jB.  mentera  or  6.  mentor  a  :  a  hall  of  audience  ; 
Ht.  Mas.  Ed.,  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

B,  pandan  and  6.  tengah :  halls  (exact  charac- 
ter unknown);  Ht.  Mas.  Ed. 
B,  penghadapan  :  a  hall  of  audience. 
B,  perangin  :  an  open  summer-house. 

B,  rang  or  6.  ruwang :  the  hall  of  general 
assembly  in  a  palace. 

^Adat  b.:  the  observances  at  state  recep- 
tions. 

Gantong  di -balai :  the  ceremonial  hanging  of 
curtains  round  the  seri  balai  ;  C.  and  S. 

Pebalaiyan :  (i)  =  balai-balai;  (2)  a  seat; 
Ht.  Koris. 

Penghtdu  b. :  the  master  of  ceremonies  at  a 
general  audience. 

Seri  b, :  the  raised  platform  in  the  centre  of 
the  raja's  audience  hall ;  a  place  reserved  for 
the  very  highest  officers  of  state ;  Sej.  Mai.,  92. 

II.  Caressing,  fondling;  better  belai,  q.  v. 

III.  Halai-balai :  utter  confusion;  confus- 
ing ;  an  intensitive  of  halai.  'Ilmu  dan  ^akal 
di'halai'balai :  mixing  up  knowledge  and  wis- 
dom ;  of  confused  intellect ;  an  inaccurate 
habit  of  mind;  Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  2, 

^Ilrnu  dan   *akal   di-halai-balai 
ItU'lah   tanda  orang  yang  lalai  : 

inaccuracy  of  knowledge  and  unsteadiness  of 
thought  are  the  signs  of  a  man  having  an 
idle  disposition ;  Prov. 

Pekerjaan  raja  di-halai-balai :  allowing  state 
business  to  be  confused  by  neglect ;  Sh.  Nas.,  6. 

IV.  Ikan  b,:  a  fish  (unidentified). 

V.  Pokok  b, :  a  large  shrub ;  aralidium 
pinnatifidum. 


BALI 


[    87    ] 


BAUNG 


(j\i    ball.     L     The  name  of  an  important  island 
of  the  Sunda  group. 

11.  (Chin,  bd'li,)  The  cabin  of  a  junk, 
Bilek  perbali:  a  small  cabin-like  room;  Sh. 
Peng.,  I. 

^M    bami.      [Chin,  bah-mt^.]     A  dish  of  vermicelli, 
pork,  and  prawns. 

^M    banat.     I.     Membanat:    to   strike;    to    beat; 
to  drub. 

IL  Wild,  forest-covered;  thick,  of  a  forest. 
Rimba  yang  b, :  the  wilds  of  the  limitless 
forest ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  27 ;  =-  rimba 
belentara,  (  Kawi )  wanantara. 

III.     See  ^\^,  . 

Af  banar.  Sinar  hanar :  shining,  brilliant,  bright ; 
an  intensitive  of  sinar ^  q.  v. 

jV*  banir.  I.  The  buttress-like  projections  at 
the  base  of  the  trunks  of  certain  trees ;  these 
projections,  if  large,  serve  on  an  emergency 
as  a  shelter  from  driving  rain. 

Chelah  6. :   the  space  between  two  of  these 
projections. 

hang  b, :  the  highest  point  at  which  one  of 
these  projections  joins  the  tree. 

II.     A  division  of  a  net, — twelve  of  these 
making  up  one  iitaSj  q.  v. 

fo\  banang.  Large  (of  its  kind);  a  word  limited 
^  *  in  use  to  certain  expressions :  diiku  banang 
(the  large  duku  fruit),  sipnt  b,  (a  shell,  un- 
identified), puput  6.  (the  large  puput  fish), 
and  jolong'jolong  b,  (the  large  jolong-jolong  or 
saw-fish). 

iilj    bailing.     The  tortoise  known  as  teshido  eniys. 

•Vi  ban.  Smell,  odour,  scent.  Jauh  ban  bunga; 
'  dekat  ban  tahi :  at  a  distance  it  smells  like  a 
flower,  at  close  quarters  it  stinks  hke  night- 
soil  ;  a  thing  that  is  fair  to  look  at  but 
becomes  repulsive  on  closer  acquaintance; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  48.  Berbau  dtiwa  : 
smelling  of  two  things ;  an  appearance  which 
though  innocent  enough  in  itself  suggests 
that  its  wearer  has  been  up  to  mischief; 
Prov.  Bakar  ta' -berbau:  burning  without 
odour;  telling  the  truth  without  being  be- 
lieved; Prov.  Harum  bau-nya:  it  smells 
sweet.  Busok  bau-nya :  it  stinks.  Tiyada  ber- 
bau :  scentless.  Mendapat  b. :  to  get  wind  of 
anything ;  to  scent,  as  a  wild  animal  scents 
its  prey. 

BaU'bauwan :  perfumes ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  13  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  38,  178,  467;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.,  etc. 


ftV;  bawa.  Conveyance  in  one*s  possession  or 
charge;  conducting,  conveying,  bringing — but 
not,  properly  speaking,  carrying.     Also  bawa\ 

Membawa  :  to  bring  with  one ;  to  conduct  or 
convey ;  to  take ;  to  bring  about.  Sokong 
membawa  rebah  :  the  buttress  leads  to  the  fall ; 
trusting  to  a  friend  who  betrays  you ;  Prov. 

B.  diri :  to  run  away,  to  betake  oneself  off; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.,  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

B,  Ml :  to  trust  to  oneself  alone ;  to  be 
thrown   on  one's  own  resources;    Ht.  Abd., 

228. 

B.  hati :  to  follow  the  bent  of  one's  inclina- 
tions; Ht.  Abd.,  197. 

B.  widn:  to  embrace  the  Faith;  to  become 
a  Muhammadan  ;  Sej.  MaL,  6  ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz,  ; 
Ht.  Muhd.  Hanaf. 

B.  jalan  :  to  lead  the  way  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  56. 

B.  kapal :  to  manage  a  ship ;  to  navigate  a 
ship  anywhere;  Marsd.  Gr.,  139. 

B.  lari:  to  force  to  fly;  to  bear  off  in  one's 
flight. 

B,  mati :  to  carry  through  life — e.g.,  as  a 
wound,  or  as  a  feeling  of  gratitude. 

M.  mtdut :  to  go  about  tale-bearing  or 
slandering. 

B,  nasib :  to  seek  one's  fortune ;  to  wander 
in  search  of  employment ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  13  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  215. 

B.  nyawa :  to  save  one's  life  by  flight ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  88. 

M,  orang :  to  gain  the  affections  of  people ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  245. 

M.  perut :  to  **  cadge  "  for  a  meal. 

Membawakan  :  —  membawa  akan, 

Pembawa:  a  bearer;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  6;  a 
thing  borne;  Ht.  Mash.,  65. 

Pembawaan:  (i)  a  personal  idiosyncracy ;  a 
mannerism;  (2)  anything  brought  or  borne; 
e.g.,  a  gift ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

w1)a\j    bawat.      L     Inclination   downwards,    droop- 
'      ing.     Mata  b. :  drooping  eyelids ;  sleepiness. 
Tali  b. :  the  braces  of  a  ship,  Pijn.,  C.  and  S. 

IL  Payong  b. :  (Jav.)  an  umbrella  used  as  a 
symbol  of  rank  by  Javanese  princes,  and 
members  of  the  highest  nobility;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed. 

The  form  payong  pawat  also  occurs. 


JJ 


\t    bawur  or  baur.     The  indiscriminate  mixing 
up  of  things  which  should  be  kept  in  order; 
confusion.     Champor  b. :  hopelessly  mixed  up 
or  confused;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
Also  champor  gauL 

?'X    baung.      L     A  freshwater  lish  ( bagrus  sp. ). 
Rumput  janggut  b. :  a  common  sedge,  mariscus 
umbellatus. 

II.     Curved  like  a  plantain  or  chairback;  i.e., 
concave  on  one  side,  convex  on  the  other. 


BAWANG 


[     88     ] 


BAHU 


b 


y 


3J^- 


J.V 


A^ 


A. 


C-Jk 


\. 


y 


cr*v 


,1 


bawang.     An  onion  or  leek ;   Ht.  Hg.  Tuw., 
82  ;   Muj.,  23,  27, 

jB.  benggalUf  or  b,  bombe :  imported  onions. 
B,  china  :  garlic  ;  allium  sativum. 
B,   hutan :   a   plant;    crinum   asiaticum ;    (in 
Borneo)  scorodocarpus  borneensis. 

B.  kochi :  a  leek  ;  allium  porum, 

B,  merah :  the  local  onion  ;  allium  cepa, 

B.puteh:  =  b.  china, 

Karang  daun  b. :  a  species  of  coral. 

Rmnput  b, :  a  sedge ;  timbristylis  asperrifna. 

Siput  6. ;  a  shell ;  bidla  ampulla, 

bauk.     Covered  with  hair,  of  the  part  of  the 

head  under  the  chin  and  jawbone ;  bearded 
under  the  chin  and  behind  the  jaw ;  a  tuft 
of  feathers  under  the  beak,  in  a  bird. 

Chambang  b, :  a  full  beard ;  bearded  on  the 
face  and  neck. 


bawal.  The  pomfret,  stromateus  sp. ;  Sh.  Ik. 
Trub.,  19.  The  natives  recognize  several 
varieties,  notably :  b.  cheremin,  b,  hitam^  b. 
ketewaSy  or  b,  kedewas ;  and  6.  kuning, 

baulu.  (Port,  bolo.)  Sponge-cake.  B,  ikan, 
6.  kemoja,  etc. :  names  given  to  these  cakes 
according  to  the  shape  of  the  mould  in  which 
they  are  baked. 

Also  buwah  ulu  and  bolu. 


Oyi    ba'un.     Smell,  odour,  =  bau,  q.  v. 


bawah.  Position  under ;  below ;  the  lower 
side  or  portion  of  anything.  Ka-bawah : 
downwards ;  moving  to  a  position  below  any- 
thing.    Di'bawah :  below. 

Di' bawah  angin  :  v.  an  gin, 

Di'bawah  duli;  di-bawah  kaus ;  or  di-bawah 
cherepu  (or  ka-bawah ;  etc.);  humble  ex- 
pressions which  really  signify  that  a  subject's 
position  is  on  a  level  with  the  dust  below 
his  sovereign's  foot,  but  which  have  come  to 
mean  '*  Majesty,"  as  a  royal  title. 

Baris  di-bawah :  the  vow^el  point  known  as 
kasrah, 

Yang  terkabawah  :  the  lowest,  Nuraka  yang 
terkabawah :   the  lowest  Hell;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  2. 

bahat.  A  league ;  a  pact ;  a  conspiracy — in 
a  bad  sense. 

Sa-bahat:  united  in  league.  Sabahatkan:  to 
conspire.  Bersabahat:  id.;  Arabian  Nights, 
423. 

bahar.     I.     A  weight ;  V.  behara. 
II.     [  Arab    v:   .]     The  sea;  v.^ 

bahas.  I.  To  knock  up  against,  to  be  brought 
to  a  stop  by.  Terbahas  ka-atas  apongan :  he 
fell  up  against  some  driftwood. 


II.     [Arab 


.]     Debate,  discussion. 


f* 


,1 


^ 


,1 


cAi 


y 


,1 


bahaxig.     I.    Division,  apportioning ;  C.  and  S. 
II.     The  hot  glow  of  fire;   Sh.  K.  G.  T.,  9. 

Tiyada  tertahan  panas  bahang  api :  unable  to 
withstand  the  heat  and  glow  of  the  fire ;  Ht. 
Koris  ;   Ht.  Ind.  Meng, 


baham.  Chewing  or  masticating  in  the 
closed  mouth  as  a  tiger  is  believed  to  chew 
earth  ( Ht.  Abd,,  216);  chewing  powdery 
substances  which  would  not  remain  in  the 
mouth  unless  closed ;  (coarse)  to  eat,  to  gorge. 

Babi   t'unggal   masok    ka-huma, 
Makan  padi   habis    di  -  baham  ; 

Senjata   di-bawa   bukan-nya  choma, 
Gigi-nya   mampal^   siyong-nya   tajam : 

the  lone  boar  enters  the  padi-field  and  eats 
the  padi  after  chewing  it  well ;  the  weapons 
it  wears  are  no  empty  show,  its  teeth  are 
smooth  and  its  tusks  are  sharp.  Empama 
puchok  dan  umbut^  tiyada  lauk  beharu  di-baham : 
like  the  young  shoots  and  the  soft  heart  of 
trees  which  are  only  eaten  when  curry  is 
not  available  ;  things  which  are  only  accept- 
able to  the  poor  and  starving ;  Prov. 

bahan.  A  lump  of  wood  chopped  off  a  log 
or  plank  (if  sawn  off,  the  word  reja  is  used); 
the  act  of  splitting  a  tree  into  boards ;  striking 
heavily  with  both  hands  (Arabian  Nights,  57) 
or  right  and  left ;  giving  a  sound  thrashing 
or  drubbing.  Besar  kayu^  besar  bahan-nya : 
when  a  tree  is  great,  its  pieces  are  great  ; 
when  a  large  property  is  shared,  each  share  is 
a  large  property  in  itself;  if  a  man  is  great,  his 
dependents  are  great  personages  also  ;  Prov. 

Di-palu  di-bahan  sa-hari-hari :  getting  thrashed 
and  beaten  daily;  Sh.  Bid.,  36.  Di-pegang- 
nya  tangan  lain  di-bahan :  seizing  his  hand 
and  giving  him  a  thrashing;  Sh.  Peng.,  16. 

Ikan  bahan-bahan :  a  freshweiter  fish  ( un- 
identified ). 

bahu.  L  The  shoulder.  Berapa  berat  mata 
memandang,  berat  lagi  bahu  memiktd  :  however 
heavy  a  weight  may  seem  to  the  eye,  it  is 
heavier  still  to  the  shoulder ;  a  sympathizer's 
sorrow  is  less  than  the  sufferer's  pain  ;  Prov. 
Tangan  menetak,  bahu  memikul :  while  the 
hand  hacks,  the  shoulder  carries;  fully 
occupied,  taking  full  advantage  of  every 
resource ;  Prov.  Lengan-nya  kena  luka  dari 
siku-nya  sampai  ka-bahu-nya :  his  arm  was 
wounded  from  elbow  to  shoulder;  Bint.  Tim., 
23  Feb,^  1895.  Di-gantong-nya  di-bahu-nya : 
he  hung  it  from  his  shoulder.  Terchabut-lah 
sendi  bahu-nya  :  he  strained  the  muscles  of  his 
shoulder ;  Ht.  Abd.,  253, 

B,  bidang:  broad  shoulders;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  8. 
B,  wayang :  sloping  shoulders;  Sh,  Bid.,  21. 
Layar  b, :  a  topsail. 

Sa-bahu :  belonging  to  the  same  coop,  set  or 
brood.     Sa-bahuwan:  id. 

IL  Ranjuna  sutera  bahu:  the  Arjuna  Sastra 
Bahu,  a  famous  Kawi  and  Javanese  romance ; 
Ht.  Mas.  Ed. 

II L  A  Dutch  bouw :  a  measure  of  super- 
ficies in  use  in  the  Netherlands  Indies. 


BAYA 


[    89    ] 


BAYAM 


^ 


>«' 


> 


u^Si 


t^. 


baya.  I.  Size;  form.  Sa-baya :  equality  in 
size  and  shape ;  resemblance  in  figure  and 
build.  Anak  raja-raja  mtmieri  yang  sama  sa- 
baya  dengan  anakanda;  sons  of  princes  and 
ministers  about  the  same  size  as  this  prince, 
my   son — to   be   his   playmates;    Ht.    Koris. 

Dt'panggil-nya  dayang  empat  sa-baya :  she 
summoned  four  maids  of  honour  like  herself 
in  age  and  size;  Sh.  Bid.,  13.  Ke4ima-nya 
sa-baya  sama  muda :  all  five  were  of  one  size 
and  shape  and  of  the  same  age ;  Ht.  Best. 

II.    [Skr.  bhayd.]   Danger  ;  better  behaya,  q.  v. 

bayar.  Payment ;  the  act  of  paying.  Hutang 
emas  dapat  di- bayar  hutang  bucli  di-bawa  matt : 
a  debt  of  money  may  be  paid,  a  debt  of  kind- 
ness is  a  debt  through  life;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd., 
179. 

Membayar :  to  pay ;  Ht.  Abd.,  57  ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  10,  etc. 

Pembayar :  payment;  Majm.  al-Ahk.,  82. 
Pembayaran :  id. ;  Laws  of  Palembang,  Simb. 
Ch.,  13. 

bay  or.  A  medium  or  large  tree  with  small 
leaves  buff-coloured  beneath ;  pterospermtmt 
jackianum, 

jB.  betina  :  a  small  tree,  stercidia  jackiana. 

B.  jantan :  a  large  tree,  pterospernimn 
diversifolium. 

B.  laut :  a  seashore  tree,  heritiera  littoralis. 


resembling    the 
jungle     palm; 


bayas.     A    common     palm, 
nibong  ;  oncosperma  horrtda. 

B,    betina :     a    small    erect 
pinanga  scortechinii, 

bayang.  Vague  outline  or  shadow ;  vaguely 
defined, — as  an  image  reflected  on  glass  (  Ht. 
Abd.,  402 ),  or  on  a  photographic  negative 
(  Ht.  Abd.,  451 ),  or  even  as  outHned  on  an 
intervening  surface,  as  a  woman's  figure  is 
traceable  against  her  dress  (  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya ), 
or  as  the  passage  of  a  piece  of  food  can  be 
followed  by  the  expansion  of  the  throat,  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak. 

Kunis   kering   saperti   bayang, 
Si-apa  pun   tidak   menaroh  sayang : 

thin  and  dried  up  like  a  shadow,  not  a  soul 
will  feel  the  slightest  love  for  her ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  IL,  151. 

Buntar  bayang-bayang:  rounded;  round  with 
quivering  edge;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  8;  Ht.  Sri 
Rama  (  Maxw. ),  12. 

Berbayang :  in  shadowy  form  or  outline. 

Tanjong  Padang  tanipak  berbayang :  Tanjong 
Padang  appears  outlined  in  shadow ;  Sh.  Ik. 
Trub.,  7.  Berbayang  di-mata:  to  have  always 
before  the  mind's  eye ;  Arabian  Nights,  398. 

Terbayang :  imaged  vaguely,  shadowed  forth. 
Terbayang  di-hati :  imaged  in  the  heart.  Tu- 
wan  terbayang  di-hati  beta :  your  image  is 
always  in  my  heart;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  20. 
Terbayang-bayang  kapada-nya  mata :  pictured 
before  the  mind's  eye;  Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  12. 


iiU    bayong.     I.     (Johor.)     A  tree  (unidentified). 

II.  Bayong-bayong :  a  scarecrow. 

III.  To  throw;  C.  and  S.,  Favre, — through 
Sej.  Mai.,  211  ? 

ly.     Pisau   bayong:    a   kind   of  knife,    Kl. ; 
said  to  be  a.  pisau  wait, 

^JjU  bayak.  Bulkiness  which'  extends  to  inter- 
ference with  locomotion  ;  extreme  corpulence ; 
obesity  in  a  man,  unwieldy  fat  in  an  animal. 

Perahu  b. :  a  boat  of  unwieldy  beam. 

viSou  baik.  Goodness ;  excellence  ;  of  a  satisfactory 
character ;  in  a  proper  or  fitting  way.  Yang 
baik  :  good.  Budi  yang  baik  :  a  good  disposi- 
tion ;  graciousness,  kindness.  Baik  budi  : 
kindness  of  character, 
news ;  it  is  well. 


Khabar    baik :    good 


Baik'lah  :  good ;  very  well ;  all  right ;  that 
is  as  it  should  be. 

Baik'baik :  carefully,  well.  Jaga  baik-baik  : 
keep  a  careful  look-out ;  take  care ;  beware. 

Baik baik  :     both... and;      equally... and. 

Baik  dalam  negeri  Melaka  baik  dalani  negeri 
Singapura :  both  in  Malacca  and  Singapore. 
Baik  jantan  baik  betina :  both  men  and  women. 

Sa-baik-baik :  as  well  as  possible ;  however 
well.  Sa-baik-baik-nya :  just  as  good  as ; 
Arabian  Nights,  30. 

Baikiy  membaiki  and  perbaiki :  to  repair,  to 
revise,  to  restore  to  a  satisfactory  condition, 
to  improve. 

Berbaik-baikan :  reconciled;  Sh.  Bid.  (Leyd.), 
386. 

Tiyada  akan  terbaiki  :  beyond  repair. 
Ta'-baik  :  not  good ;  bad. 

Xu    bayam.     A  name  given  to  several  plants  used 
'    *      as  spinach. 

B.  badak :  a  low  jungle  shrub :  psychotria 
malayana. 

B,  betul:  a  plant,    amaranthus  retroflexus. 

B,  duri :  a  good  spinach  ;  amaranthus  spinosus. 

B,  ekor  kuching :  the  cockscomb  of  gardens ; 
celosia  cristata, 

B,  hutan  :  ■=•  b,  duri. 

B.  merah  :  the  red-leaved  spinach  ;  amaran- 
thus gangeticus, 

B.monyet:  white  spinach ;  amaranthus  viridis, 

B,  pasir  :  a  spinach  ;  amaranthus  sessilis. 

B,  puteh  :  =  b.  monyet, 

B,  rusa  :  an  amaranth  :  cyathula  prostrata. 

B.  selaseh :  an  amaranth  :  a.  caudatus. 


BAYAN 


[    90    ] 


bSbang 


qX>  bayan.  L  A  parrakeet,  a  small  parrot-like 
bird  ipsittacus  osbeckii,  Cr.)  which,  from  its 
power  to  speak,  plays  a  great  part  in  Malay 
romances.  Di-permain-nya  saperti  duwa  ekor 
bayan  tahu  berkata-kata :  she  made  them  play 
together  as  if  they  were  two  parrots  that  could 
speak ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  43.  See  also  the 
story  of  Darmadewa  and  Darmadewi  in  the 
Ht.  Sg.  Samba  (Malay  Fourth  Reader,  p,  20). 

Hikdyat  bayan  btidiman  :  the  story  of  the  wise 
Bayan ;  the  name  of  a  collection  of  tales 
adapted  from  the  Persian  tuti-nameh  or 
Hindustani  tota-kahani, 

Ikan  bayan-bayan  :  a  fish  (unidentified). 

II.  [Arab.  .  \^  .]    Clear,  plain,  obvious  ;  v. 

III.  Jav.  A  waiting-maid  in  a  palace,  a 
maid  of  honour,  =  dayang-dayang  ;  an  expres- 
sion sometimes  used  for  the  first  person 
singular,  like  hamba  and  sehaya.  Nenek  keba- 
yan  :  a  sort  of  old  granny  or  fairy  godmother 
who  plays  a  great  part  in  Malay  tales. 

Ken  bayan  and  bayan  songket :  names  given 
to  Court  damsels  ;  Ht.  Sh. ;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed. ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

J\j  bayu.  I.  [Skr.  wayu.]  The  wind  ;  the  god 
of  the  winds.  Betara  bayu  :  the  great  god 
Vayu,  or  the  wind  ;  the  Sanskrit  Aeolus  ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb.  Bayuyang  lemah  lembut  dan  sepuih  : 
a  gentle  softly-breathing  wind  ;  a  zephyr ; 
Bint,  Tim.,  4  Aprils  1895. 

Angin  inderabayu  :  a  tempest. 

Balai  b. :  a  breezy  kiosk  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Di'pupiit  bayu :  swayed  by  the  breeze ;  Sh, 
Ik.  Trub.,  20 ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  12 ;  Cr.  Gr., 
62. 

Bayu  is  also  used  as  an  adjective  merely 
expressing  divinity  or  divine  origin  after  the 
names  of  fabulous  monsters,  e.g.  gBroda  b, 
(  Ht.  Sh.  KMh.),  petala  b.  (Ht.  Koris),  etc. 

II.  A  humble  expression  of  submission  or 
service  ;  a  slave  ;  an  equivalent  of  hamba.  Hen- 
dak  minta  perhamba  ka~bawah  dull  tuwanku  akan 
jadi  bayu  kapada  paduka  anakanda  tuwan  puteri  : 
I  wish  to  submit  myself  to  Your  Majesty  that 
I  may  become  the  humble  servant  of  Her 
Highness,  the  Princess  your  daughter ; — a 
proposal  of  marriage;  Ht.  Koris.  Orang 
istana  menjadi  bayu,  orang  balai  menjadi  pengha- 
dapan  orang :  courtiers  becoming  slaves, 
magnates  of  the  audience  halls  becoming  the 
retainers  of  others ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Dengar- 
kanjuga  sembah-nya  bayu:  listen,  nevertheless, 
to  the  words  of  your  slave  (to  my  words),  Ht. 
Ind.  Meng.     See  also  Sh,  Pant,  Shi.,  i, 

III.  Half  stale ;  between  staleness  and 
freshness, 

IV.  (Johor.)     A  tree  (unidentified). 


4jili  bayoh.  Plurality  of  wives  ;  the  possession  of 
more  than  one  wife  (not  necessarily  illegal) ; 
also  sexual  intercourse,  Majm.  al-Ahk,,  274. 

jXi    banyar.    I,    Evil  odour;  unpleasant  in  smell ; 
^  '      cf.  bachin  and  bangar,  which  express  worse 
odour. 

II.     A  squall ;  C.  and  S. 

^v  banyak.  Quantity;  abundance ;  much,  many. 
B  any  ah  orang :  a  number  of  persons.  Orang  b, : 
many  persons  ;  the  majority  of  men. 

Sadikit  6. :  more  or  less  ;  something.  DapaU 
lah  ahi  sadikit  banyak  pelajaran  itu  :  I  learnt 
something  of  what  he  taught ;  Ht.  Abd.,  35. 

Maha-banyak  :  very  many ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  24. 

Sa-banyak  :  as  many,  so  many,  so  much.  Ada- 
kah  sa-banyak  btdu  ay  am  j  ant  an  itu  :  are  they  as 
many  as  the  feathers  on  that  cock  ?  Ht. 
Abd.,  272. 

Kebanyakan  :  the  majority  ;  most.  K,  manu- 
siya  :  most  men.     Timah  k. :  common  tin. 

Membanyakkan:  to  increase  the  number  of; 
to  augment;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  Ht.  Abd.,  97,  316. 

Banyak'banyaki :  to  overcome  by  force  of 
numbers ;  to  crush  by  numerical  advantage  ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.     Membanyak-banyaki :  id. 

*^\.i    banyu.     Fermented   coconut  water,   used  in 
*      the  process  of  dyeing  silk. 

/)A^    bfibaran.     A  shell  (unidentified);  see  baran. 

ajUj  bSbarau.  A  fish,  priacanthus  blochii ;  also 
baraU'barau  and  sebarau. 

(Sj\i    bebari.     The  fruit  fly;    better  bari-bari ;  see 
bari. 


,i5Ui    b6baka.     See  baka. 


bfibat.  Wrapping  round  ;  enfolding  in  cloth  ; 
girdhng. 

Bebatkan  :  to  gird,  to  enfold  or  enwind.  Be- 
batkan  pinggang  choba4ah  engkau :  try  to  gird 
up  your  loins;  Sh.  Lail  Mejn.,  6. 

Perbebat :  enfolded,  engirdled,  girt  round. 
Di-dalam  rahmat  Tuhan  perbebat :  wrapped  up 
in  the  mercy  of  God ;  Sh.  Lail  Mejn.,  56. 

Bebat  is  also  used  of  a  road  being  closed  to 
traffic  by  a  trench  or  barricade  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  60. 

bdbSram.  (Kedah.)  A  kind  of  fish-trap, 
used  for  catching  small  freshwater  fish  in 
swamped  padi-fields  and  little  streams. 


f^ 


ptf    bSbang.     A  stoppage  of  the  anus  or  uterus ;  in- 
^       ability  to  get  through  anything,  as  when  a  man 

tries  to  get  his  arm  through  too  tight  a  sleeve. 

Anak   kebebangan:     (by   metaphor)   a  child 

cursed  from  his  birth ;    a  child  whose  very 

birth  was  attended  with  trouble. 


BiiBAL 


[    91    ] 


bIitek 


J« 


bSbal.  Stupid,  doltish,  slow  of  apprehension. 
Orang  yang  bebal  yang  Hyada  berbatu  uji  di-tan- 
gan-nya  :  men  of  dull  intellect  who  have  not 
the  touchstone  (of  good  judgment)  in  their 
possession  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  4. 


O^  bSban.  A  burden  ;  a  load.  Menchari  beban  : 
to  go  in  search  of  ( other  people's )  burdens  ; 
to  put  oneself  to  needless  trouble ;  Prov. 
Tiyada  beban  batu  di-galas  :  having  no  burden 
he  shoulders  a  stone ;  needless  trouble  ;  going 
out  of  one's  way  to  make  work  ;  Prov. 

w>^  bebuta.  A  plant,  cerbera  dollam^  or  c.  lac- 
tar  ia.     Also  but  a -but  a ;  see  bttta. 

0^^  beboreh.  A  yellow  ointment  for  the  body ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata ;  also  boreh-boreh, 
see  boreh, 

(3jt{    bSbuli.     A  flask.     Also  buli-buli, 

/kr:^^  bSberek.  A  bird;  a  species  of  flycatcher. 
Orang  jawa  saperti  beberek  makan  tuma  :  the 
Javanese  are  like  flycatchers,  they  eat  insects ; 
Prov.,  J.S.A.S.,  III.,  46. 

Also  berek-berek, 

iS/^,  bSbiri.  Kambing  bebiri :  a  sheep,  better  biri 
biri ;  v.  biri. 


vJUj    bot.     I.     Eng.     Boat. 

II.     Eng.     Boot.     Sepatu  bot :  boots. 

J  w  bStara.  [  Skr.  bhattdra,  ]  Holy ;  a  title  given 
to  the  greater  Hindu  divinities  worshipped  by 
the  Javanese ;  the  title  assumed  by  the  rulers 
of  Majapahit.  B,  Guru  :  Siva,  as  the  supreme 
Teacher.  B,  Kala  :  Kala.  B.  Besnu:  Vishnu. 
B,  Berhamma :  Brahma.  B.  Teri  :  the  Hindu 
Trinity. 

B,  Majapahit :  the  Prince  of  Majapahit. 
Baginda  Seri  Betara  :  His  Majesty  the  King; 
Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  3 ;  Sh.  Sh.  AL,  25.  Seri  betara 
indera :  id.,  Ht.  Mas.  Ed.  Di-iringkan  segala 
bini  aji  gundek  betara :  followed  by  all  the 
queens  and  mistresses  of  the  king  ;  Ht.  Sh. 

Cf.  sangyang, 

^jUi  bfetari.  A  grass  sometimes  cultivated  for  its 
grain  ;  sorghum  saccharatum, 

^-^^  bStapa.  How;  in  what  manner.  B.bichara- 
mu :  what  is  your  opinion.  Betapa  iuwan  ber- 
Utah  demikiyan :  why  do  you  say  so;  Ht.  Best. ; 
cf.  apa. 


Jh. 


butala. 


[Skr.  bh4tdld.  ]      The  earth.      Also 


iSy^,    bfitawi,     Batavia. 

Belat  b. :   a  variety  of  the  belat  fish-trap ;   see 
belat. 


bfitut.     The  name  of  an  edible  saltwater  fish. 


^j^  betas.  Ripped  open;  split  open  under  a 
strain  ;  yielding  to  pressure,  of  a  seam.  Cf. 
tetas,  retasj  gmtas,  etc. 

jj*Jb  bStis.  The  leg;  that  portion  of  a  lower  limb 
which  lies  between  the  knee  and  ankle.  Di- 
behagi  betis  hendak  paha  :  give  them  a  leg  and 
they  will  want  the  thigh ;  give  them  an  inch 
and  they  will  want  an  ell ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XXIV.,  99.  Betis  bagai  bunting  padi :  a  leg 
like  padi  in  the  ear ;  the  Malay  idea  of  a  beauti- 
ful leg;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.,  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg,,  etc. 
Jantong  6. :  the  calf  of  the  leg. 
Tulang  b, :  the  shin  bone. 

Betis  is  also  used  of  the  flank  of  an  army ; 
Ht,  Put.  Sh.,  159. 

iij    bSting.     I.     A  long  narrow  stretch  of  sand- 
^*      bank  or  mudbank  near  the  bar  of  a  river.     Di- 
tulis-nya  batu-batu  dan  beting-beting  dan  alor-alor 
itu  :  they  marked  on  it  ( the  chart )  the  rocks 
and  banks  and  channels;  Ht.  Abd.,  359. 
B.  belunjor:  a  long  bank. 
Cf.  tebing. 

II.  Membeting  :  to  dart  along  the  surface  of 
the  water  (without  leaping),  of  a  swarm  of  fish. 

iXi    betong.      I.      Large   (in    certain   expressions 
^       only). 

Belah  b. :  a  long  rent  down  the  centre  of  a 
piece  of  cloth  or  paper. 

Bulohb,:  the  largest  variety  of  bamboo ;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah.     See  buloh, 

Rumput  b. :  a  kind  of  grass  used  as  a  medi- 
cinal herb.  Katak  b.  and  kodok  b, :  a  frog  with 
a  deep  note.  Tebn  b. :  the  largest  variety  of 
sugar-cane  cultivated  in  Malaya. 

Bagai-mana  hari  ta'-hujan  katak  betong  di-dalam 
telaga  berteriyak  selalu :  how  can  the  day  be 
anything  but  rainy  when  the  bull  frogs  keep 
continually  croaking  ?     Prov. 

II.     The  floodgates  of  a  dam;  C.  and  S. 


bStap.  (  Kedah. )  To  move  without  progress ; 
to  beat  about  against  a  wind  without  making 
any  real  headway ;  to  change  one's  attitude 
without  moving  one's  seat.     Cf.  empuL 

bfitak.  I.  Betak-betak  :  a  skin  disease.  Also 
betek'betek, 

II.    Jtiru  bStak  :  a  caretaker  ;  Pijn. 


L^ 


IX,    bStek.     The  papaya  fruit ;  carica  papaya ;  Ht. 
Koris ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  8. 
B.  belulang :  a  hard  variety. 
B,  bubor :  a  soft  variety. 
B.  rambai :  a  hemaphrodite  variety. 
Betek'betek  :  a  skin  disease ;  also  betak-bUak, 


BiSTOK 


[    92    ] 


b£chak 


^3^    bStok.     I.     Burnt  by  acids  or  chemicals ;    Kl. 

II.     The  name  of  a  fish ;  Pel.  Abd.,  49,  132  ; 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  VIII.,  131. 

^j^,  bStul.  Accuracy ;  correctness ;  directness ; 
the  true  or  direct  way  of  doing  anything ; 
straight ;  erect ;  right ;  as  it  should  be ;  rightly. 
Menulis  Kurdn  dengan  hetul-nya :  to  write  the 

Koran  accurately.  Bongkok  beharu  betul :  a 
humpbacked  man  just  become  erect ;  a  beggar 
on  horseback;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  92. 

Betulkan   and   membetulkan :    to    put   right ; 
to  straighten. 

Bh'betulan :     in      proper     condition ;     with 
accuracy. 


yjri    bStutU.     I.     An  edible  freshwater  fish. 

li.     (Malacca.)      A    small   tree;    eurya   acu- 
niinata. 


^  bStah.  I.  Recovered  from  an  illness,  restored 
to  health.  Hati  di-dalam  duka  ta^-betah :  to 
be  unable  to  recover  from  one's  sorrow ;  to 
be  broken-hearted  and  get  no  better ;  Sh,  Sh. 
AL,  20. 

II ,     The  name  of  a  tree  ;  Kl. 


4^    bSti.     Beti'beti  :  a  tree  ;  eugenia  zeylanica. 

wwi    bSteka.      [Arab.  ^, .]        A      plant,     citrullus 
edulis. 


Cf^,  bStina.  Female,  of  animals,  and  sometimes 
(colloquially)  of  human  beings.  Sa-pasang, 
sa-ekor  jantan  sa-ekor  betina  :  a  pair,  one  male 
and  one  female ;  Ht.  Abd.,  90. 

BBrkilat  ikan  di-dalam  ayer  aku  tahu  jantan 
betina-nya:  let  a  fish  but  flash  its  scales  in 
the  water  and  I  will  tell  you  whether  it  is  a 
male  or  a  female ;  I  know  the  man  (or  matter) 
so  well  that  the  least  clue  reveals  the  rest ; 
Prov.     See  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  93,  and  Ht.  Koris. 

Bah  b. :  a  heavy  freshet  succeeding  a  first 
and  slighter  flood;  C.  and  S. 

Kasau  b, :  the  larger  rafters. 
Ketam  b, :  a  plane. 

^y^  bSjana.  [Skr.  bhdjanaJ]  A  vat ;  a  large  basin 
or  bowl  used  for  mixing  or  working  up  ingre- 
dients.; a  basin  to  work  in,  as  distinct  from 
a  mere  receptacle  for  a  liquid;  Muj.,  4,  18; 
Sh.  Dag.,  2 ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. ;  Cr.  Gr.,  79 ; 
Ht.  Best. 

Also  bajan  and  bejanah, 
4jW   bSjanah.     See  bBjana. 


d^ 


blljangga.  I.  [Skr.  bhujangga*]  A  dweller 
in  solitary  places ;  a  hermit ;  a  solitary  being, 
half  dragon,  half  man.  Maka  berapa  lama-nya 
Shah  Kubdd  pun  bMemu  dengan  lima  orang 

bujangga.,.Maka  bujangga  kelima  itu-pun  mela- 
yang  berambang-rambang  di-tengah  tasek  itu : 
some  time  afterwards  Shah  Kubad  came 
across  five  bujanggas ;  and  the  five  bujanggas 
flew  soaring  about  the  centre  of  the  lake.^ 
Jogi  berhamman  perbujangga :  Yogis,  Brahmins, 
and  hermits ;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed. 

II.  Celibate;  solitary;  =  bujang.  Raja- 
raja  yang  bujangga:  unmarried  kings;  Ht. 
Ism.  Yat.,  177.     Cf.  bujangga,  I. 

III.  A  kind  of  puff  made  of  ptdut  rice  and 
eaten  with  syrup. 


^jUJL^    bijaksana.       [  Skr.    wichaksana,  ]      Common 

sense ;  practical  wisdom ;  sensible,  sound  in 
one's  views;  prudent,  often  with  a  sense  of 
chastity;  (less  commonly)  skilful,  having  a 
mastery  of  any  art.  Terlalu  bijaksana  kapada 
Ml  memanah :  a  master  of  the  archer's  art ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Also  bijak  laksana, 

J \^  bichara.  [  Skr.  wichdra,  ]  Consultation ; 
*  deliberation  ;  discussion  ;  the  facts  of  a  case ; 
the  history  of  any  business ;  talk ;  discourse  ; 
conversation,  speech  or  language ;  ( Straits 
Settlements)  a  legal  proceeding;  a  case  in 
the  civil  or  criminal  courts.  Hilang  budi 
bichara :  loss  of  prudence  and  reflection — as 
in  the  case  of  a  man  inflamed  by  love  or 
passion.  Ma'alum-lah  tuwan  bichara  mimpi 
itu :  you.  Sir,  know  the  story  of  that  dream ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  113.  Makafikir  raja  itu  benar- 
lah  bichara  laksamana :  and  the  king  reflected : 
'*  what  the  laksamana  says  is  true ;  "  Ht.  Ind, 
Nat  a.  Bagaimana  bichara  anak-ku:  what  is 
your  opinion,  my  son?  Ht,  Sh.Kub.  Rumah 
polis  ya-itu  tempat  bichara  :  a  police-court,  that 
is  to  say,  a  court  of  justice ;  Ht.  Abd.,  226. 

Sa-bichara  :  similarity  of  terms  or  conditions. 
Jikalau  nienang  hamba  sa-bichara  hamba-lah :  if 
I  win  let  it  be  the  same  with  me;  let  me 
have  the  same  terms  if  I  am  successful ;  Ht. 
Isk.  Dzul. 

BBrbichara :  engaged  in  the  discussion  of  any 
matter. 

Membicharakan :  to  discuss,  to  thrash  out  by 
discussion. 

Ter bichara  :  argued  out. 

^35"   bSchak.     I.     Indistinct  in  colouring. 

II.     Slush,  muddiness;  better  bechak,  q.  v. 

I  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.,  175 ;  note  the  use  of  orang  as  the  numeral 
coefficient  of  the  word,  these  bujanggas  being  the  children 
of  the  king  of  the  mountains,  raja  gunong  haginda  raja  mega 
indera  di-awan.  In  the  same  passage  they  are  spoken  of  as 
bujang. 


BfeCHOK 


[    93    ] 


B&DAK 


J 


r^    bfichok.     An  edible  saltwater  fish,  julis  lunaris, 

K±^  bahath.  Arab.  Debate,  discussion  ;  ==  bahas, 
II ;  q.  V. 

J^  bahar.  Arab.  The  sea  ;  -  ~  laid,  Bahar  mas 
dan  perak  :  an  ocean  of  gold  and  silver ;  Ht. 
Hamz.,  6i.  Saperti  laut  bahar  rupa-nya  :  like 
the  great  sea ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

Akar  b. :  a  marine  animal ;  v.  akar. 
Laid  baharu'llah  :  (i)  God's  ocean  ;  the  ocean 
of  God's   kindnesses  to  man ;    (2)  the  Great 
Ocean  believed  to  lie  at  the  foot  of  Mt.  Kaf; 
Ht.  Sh.  Hard. 

BaharuH-*dshikm  :  the  ocean  of  lovers ;  love  ; 
Ht.  Best. 

Lobok  bahar :  the  cavities  of  the  sea ;  a  name 
for  cannon  in  the  language  of  sorcerers. 

iSj^  bahari.  Arab.  Sea-faring ;  appertaining  to 
the  sea;  Sej.  Mai.,  399. 

ijzJs^  bakht.  Pers.  Fortune.  Bad-bakht :  evil  for- 
tune ;  ill-starred ;  usually  corrupted  to  the 
form  bedebahy  q.  v. 

V43I  bakhtiyar.  Pers.  Fortunate.  Hikdyat  b. : 
the  name  of  a  well-known  Malay  classic. 


^jLjiJsi-  bakhshish.    Pers.    A  gift 


A^ 


bakhil.     Arab.     Covetous ;   Ht.  Fut.  Sh.,  25, 
124. 

bakhiyah.     Pers.    Embroidery ;  to  embroider ; 
see  bektya. 

bad.      Pers.      Evil ;      bad.      Bad-bakht :      ill- 
starred,  unlucky ;  v.  bakht,  and  bedebah. 


i-^    bada*.     Arab.     Commencement,  beginning. 


J 


U 


^j\Jo 


bSdara.  [  Skr.  badara.  ]  A  name  given  to 
several  trees  with  plum-like  fruits ;  Sh.  Ch, 
Ber.,  5;  Ht.  Gh. ;  Ht.  Koris;  Sej,  MaL,  19; 
Kam.  Kech.,  8,  etc. 

B,  china ;  the  jujube  ;  zizyphtis  jujuba. 

B.  htUan:  a  climbing  shrub;  strychnos  sp. 
near  pubescem. 

B.  laut :  a  sea-shore  shrub ;  ximenia  ameri- 
cana.  Akar  b,  laut:  a  thorny  seashore  shrub; 
randia  fasciculata, 

B,  pahit :  a  shrub  with  bitter  bark  ;  eurycoma 
latifolia, 

Buwah  b, :  is  also  the  name  given  to  a  sweet- 
meat made  of  tepong  pulut  and  eggs,  and  served 
up  with  sugar. 

bgdawi.  [  Arab,  baduwu  ]  A  nomad ;  a 
Bedouin ;  Ht.  Fut.  Sh.,  21 ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat., 
149;  cf.  badwt. 


^) 


>\:>Ju 


4j  Jj  bfedSbah.  [  Pers.  bad-bakht.  ]  Ill-omened ; 
accursed  ;  ill-starred  ;  unlucky  ;  =  chelaka, 
Anakb,:  this  accursed  child ;  this  child  born 
to  bring  misfortune  on  others  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak,, 
5,  82.  Si'bedebah:  this  accursed  individual; 
Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  108.  Hai  perempuwan  simdal 
bedebah  tiyada  tahu  nialu :  you  profligate 
rascally  woman  to  whom  shame  is  unknown  ; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  59. 

bidadari.  [  Skr.  widyadari,  ]  A  celestial 
nymph,  a  nymph  of  Indra's  heaven.  These 
nymphs  were  the  attendants  upon  Indra  and 
ministered  to  his  pleasures  (  Ht.  Gul.  Bak. ); 
they  were  also  the  presiding  genii  at  the  union 
of  lovers  (Sh.  Bid.,  ei  pass,).  The  best  known 
of  these  nymphs  were  Nila  Utama,  and 
Sakarba. 

The  name  bidadari  is  also  given  to  the 
houris  of  the  Muhammadan  heaven  ;  Ht.  Fut. 
Sh. ;  Bust.  Sal. 

The  form  bidiyadari  also  occurs. 

badar.  Arab.  The  full  moon.  Chehaya  kamar 
lailatu'l'badar:  the  brightness  of  the  moon  on  a 
bright  moonlight  night;  Ht.  Md,  Hanaf.,  35. 
Laksana  punggok  berahikan  badar:  like  the 
owl  in  love  with  the  moon  ;    Sh.  Sh.  AL,  35. 

Badar  is  also  the  name  of  a  plain  in  Arabia 
where  a  great  victory  was  won  by  Muhammad. 

Batu  b. :  a  stone  from  this  field  of  battle 
polished  and  set  as  a  gem. 

^^•^  bida'ah.  [  Arab.  6trf'afe.  ]  Heretical;  lying; 
deceiving;  Sh.  IbL,  3,  10;  Sh.  Dag.,  16;  Ht. 
Raj.  Sul.,  8.  Bida'ah  anak  Terengganu :  the 
people  of  Trengganu  are  liars ;  Prov. 


T 


t^- 


^. 


bgdong.  Swathing,  swaddling  (Ht,  Gh.,  Ht. 
Best.);  a  swaddling  cloth;  a  swathing  band 
for  a  newly-born  or  extremely  young  infant ; 
a  wrapper  worn  round  the  waist  during  the 
first  few  months  of  a  child's  life,  the  barut 
being  worn  afterwards. 

B,  lilit :  a  swaddhng  cloth  with  a  long  tape 
or  string  at  the  end  to  fasten  it  with. 

B.  lipat :  along  swaddling  cloth  without  a 
tape,  worn  like  a  cummerbund.  Tali  b. :  id. ; 
Sh,  Panj.  Sg. 

bSdak.     A   Malay   cosmetic  or  toilet-powder 

made  of  rice-meal  perfumed  with  flowers  or 
rosewater. 

Berbedak:  powdered  with  this  cosmetic ;  Ht. 
Bakht.,  73 ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

Bedaki :  to  powder  any  surface;  Sej,  Mai., 
135  ;  Ht.  Bakht.,  75. 

Bedakkan:  to  cover  (anything)  with  this 
cosmetic  powder;  to  use  any  powdery  sub- 
stance as  a  cosmetic;  Sh.  UL,  13. 

MembHak  :  to  use  powder. 

B.  muntah  belut;  b.  sampu;  b.  saw  an  ;  b.  sejok; 
b,  wangi:  powders  used  as  cosmetics  for 
children. 

B.  pembuwang  daki :  a  face  powder  used 
medicinally. 


BEDOK 


[     94     1 


b£rata 


J- 


J- 


bSdok.     A  kind  of  big  drum  made  out  of  a 

hollowed  section  of  a  tree  trunk  and  used  to 
beat  the  watches  on,  to  call  people  to  prayer, 
to  give  a  warning  or  alarm,  and  for  other 
similar  but  non-musical  purposes. 

Sometimes    known    as    gendang    raya,    and 
(  Province  Wellesley  )   gedok. 


bddal.  A  blow  with  a  smooth  rod  or  rattan, 
a  blow  which  leaves  a  mark  but  does  not  cut 
the  flesh.  Laksana  nlar  kena  bedal :  like  a 
switched  snake  (with  its  back  broken);  a 
proverbial  description  of  impotent  struggling. 

Terangkak-rangkak   kanan   kiri 
Laksana   iilar   kena   bedal   ( bedai ); 

Hajai  gagak   nak  jadi  nuri 

Ta'-sedar   diri-nya   makan   bangkai : 

writhing  about  to  the  right  and  left  like  a  snake 
when  struck  with  a  switch ;  the  crow  would 
like  to  be  a  parrot  but  does  not  realize  that 
it  is  only  fit  to  eat  carrion.  Bedal  in  Kedah 
would  be  pronounced  bedai;  hence  the  ap- 
parently faulty  rhyme. 

Ovang  jahat   kena   bedal, 

Lebam  sehaja   tiyada  pechah  : 

the  wicked  man  has  had  his  beating;  he  is 
black  and  blue,  but  his  skin  is  unbroken. 

Membedal :    to   switch,    to   administer    such 
blows. 


bSdil.  The  use  of  firearms;  a  firearm. 
Ubat  b, :  gunpowder.  Memasang  6.  /  to  let  off 
firearms;  Ht.  Abd.,  73.  Layar  dt-pasang,  bedil 
gemuroh :  the  sails  have  been  set,  the  parting 
shots  have  thundered;  Cr.  Gr.,  60. 


O^ 


j^    badan.     Arab.     The  human  body ;  the  body 
in  contradistinction  to  the  soul. 

Bercherai'lah  nyawa  daripada  badan  :  the  soul 
has  been  severed  from  the  body;  Ht.  Abd., 
23.  Rosak  badan  karena  penyakit,  rosak  bangsa 
karena  laku :  disease  ruins  the  body,  conduct 
ruins  inherited  virtues ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 


bSdan.  Reddish  itchy  spots  on  the  body ;  a 
minute  pustule  not  as  large  as  a  pimple  or 
mosquito  bite,  nor  as  the  result  of  prickly 
heat ;  cf.  bintat  and  roman  panas  or  tahi  panas. 


45jaJj    bfiduri.     I.     [  Skr.    vaidmya.  ]     A     precious 
"  "^    *      stone,  an  opal ;  better  baiduri,  q.  v. 

II.  A  war- vessel;  one  of  the  various  types 
of  piratical  craft  used  by  Malays;  Ht.  Raj, 
Don.,  II. 

iS^  J^    bgdukang.    A  freshwater  fish ;  (unidentified) ; 
^  Ht.  Abd.,  no.     Also  belukang. 


,Jb  biduwan.  I  [Skr.  widwdn,]  A  singer;  a 
musician  ;  a  dancer.  Maka  biduwan  yang  baik 
suwara-nya  pun  menyanyi-lah  :  a  singer  with  a 
sweet  voice  then  sang ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ;  Ht. 
Ism.  Yat.,  169.  Rebab  di-tarek  tdeh  biduwan 
akan  pengulit  raja  beradu  ;  the  viol  was  played 
by  the  singer  to  lull  the  raja  to  sleep ;   Ht. 

P.J.  p. 

In  Kedah  the  word  is  pronounced  bedwan. 
The  word  is  also  applied  to  the  singers  at  the 
berhantu  ceremonies  and  (Penang)  to  a  dance 
of  eight  performers  in  costume. 


JJa^ 


biduwanda.  I.  A  royal  messenger;  an 
orderly ;  a  poursuivant  under  the  control  of 
the  bentara.  Biduwanda  kechil  atau  suroh-suroh- 
kan  raja:  pages  or  royal  messengers;  Sej. 
Mai.,  87.  Baginda-pun  bertitah  kapada  sa-orang 
biduwanda  menitahkan  demikiyan:  the  sove- 
reign gave  the  following  order  to  one  of  his 
messengers;  Ht.  Bakht.,  23;  cf.  biduwan, 

IL     The  name  of  certain  tribes  {suku)  in  the 
Peninsula  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  396. 


^jJu  badwi  or  baduwi.  Arab.  A  Bedouin ;  a 
wandering  nomad  of  the  desert ;  a  bad 
character,  a  scoundrel,  Ht.  Mash,  Also 
bedawi,  q.  v. 

(5-^    bediya.     A  spangle  ;  Cr. ;    C.  and  S. 

^^\Jj»J^    bidiyadari.      [Skr.    widyddari,]      A  heavenly 
nymph  ;    v.  bidadari. 


v>5^ 


^. 


budiman.  [Skr.  Adj.  oi  btiddhi.]  Possessed 
of  wisdom  ;  wise  ;  prudent ;  sagacious ;  the 
adjective  of  budi ;  Ht.  Abd.,  i5,  454.    Hikdyat 

Bayan  Budiman:    the    Malay  version  of  the 
Tuti-nameh  or  parrot  tales  ;  v.  bayan,    Hikdyat 

Raja  Budiman ;  the  story  of  the  Wise  Raja ; 
a  Malay  penglipor  lara  tale. 

bor.  I.  [Dutch  boor,]  A  bore;  a  common 
auger. 

II.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  anything  falling 
into  water ;  cf.  chebor,  debar,  and  lebor.  Also 
bur. 


\j.^   bera. 
from 


Flushed,  swollen  in  the  face,  whether 
shame    or    from    pain ;     a    face-ache, 

neuralgia;    slightly    spoilt    (of  food).     Also 

berak. 


cJ)t*^  bSrata.  [Skr  ?]  An  idol ;  =  berhala.  Tempat 
memuja  berata :  an  idolatrous  temple ;  Ht. 
Sh. ;   Ht.  Mas.  Ed. 


I  This  word  is  often  confused  with  the  next  ( biduwanda 
I.)  ;  e.  g.  di-suYoh-nya  sa-orang  biduwan  pergi  mendapatkan 
Indra  Nata;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Biduwanda  yang  baik  suwara- 
nya  pun  (bernyanyi-lah ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard.) 
bangkit-lah  m^nari;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  11.  Sa-orang  biduwanda 
memetek  dandi ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama. 


BfiRANGAN 


[    95    ] 


b£rteh 


(^)j^,    bSrangan.    I.    Realgar. 

B,  ptdeh  :  white  arsenical  oxyde. 

II.     The  chestnut ;  castanopsis, 

B.  antan :  quercus  otdocarpa, 

B.  bahi:  oaks  generally,  but  more  particularly 
applied  to  quercus  lamponga,  and  q,  rassa, 

B.  habi  hutan  :   quercus.  encleisocarpa, 

B.duri:  a  chestnut ;  castanopsis  javanica, 

J5.  gajah  :  a  chestnut ;  castanopsis  sp.  ? 

B.  padi  :  an  oak  ;  quercus  spiccata. 

B,  papan  :  castanopsis  hulletti. 


s-V 


'> 


o\. 


A. 


f!^. 


ci^ 


bdrangai.  Perahu  b. :  A  Malay  piratical  craft 
with  a  peculiar  boarding-bridge  and  grappling- 
irons  in  the  bows. 

bSrapa.  In  some  quantity ;  to  some  indefi- 
nite but  appreciable  extent  ;  (with  a  certain 
interrogative  intonation)  how  much.  Maka 
berapa  lama-nya :  after  some  time.     See  apa. 

burak.  Arab.  The  legendary  animal  on 
which  Muhammad  is  believed  to  have   ridden 

to  heaven ;  see  ^^Jy.  . 

berakah.  Proud,  haughty,  self-important ; 
Kl.  V.  akah. 

b^ragan.  Matt  beragan  :  death  without  trace 
of  injury  or  of  the  change  from  life  to  death  ; 
dead,  but  exactly  retaining  the  look  of  life,  as 
insects  destroyed  by  chemical  exhalations ; 
V.  akaft, 

bSragi.  Burong  b, :  the  name  of  a  bright- 
plumaged  bird,  the  painted  snipe  ;  Muj.,  60. 
Also  burong  meragi ;   see  ragi. 

birama.  An  elephant ;  Ht.  Koris  (where  the 
word  is  made  to  rhyme  with  lama );  =  biram^ 
q.  V. 


Cr]j\  bSramin.  Bakul  b, :  a  peculiar  globular 
basket  or  coop  hung  from  the  roof  to  protect 
its  contents  from  rats. 


bSrani.  Boldness  ;  pluck ;  bravery ;  daring 
and  impetuous  courage.  Tiyada  berani  iya 
pulang  :  he  had  not  the  courage  to  return. 
'Aldmat  berani;  or  tanda  b.:  a  sign  of  courage. 
Malu  beraniy  mati  takut :  ready  to  risk  shame 
but  not  life;  a  coward,  Prov.  Orang  yang 
berani'berani  :  a  very  daring  man.  Di-berani- 
beranikan  hati-nya:  he  mustered  up  his 
courage;  he  nerved  himself  up;  Sej.  Mai,  56. 

Buhan  di-pandang  besar  dan  tinggi^ 
Daripada  hati  juga  bBrani  : 

it  is  not  to  be  seen  in  build  and  in  height, 
courage  comes  from  the  heart  alone ;  Sh.  Pr. 
Ach.,  15. 


c?>. 


Batu  b, ;  or  besi  b. :  the  loadstone;  magnetic 
iron.     Also  batu  besemherani, 

jB.  Mat:  Parthian  courage;  the  pluck  of 
a  man  who  flees  but  is  ever  ready  to  turn  on 
his  foe.     Also  lari  lalat. 

Cf.  semberani. 

bfirahi.  Love;  in  love,  'Ashik  b. :  the  pas- 
sion of  love.  Chinta  b,  and  dendam  b. :  the 
longings  of  love ;  desire.  Maka  baginda  pun 
berahi  akan  sa-orang  dayang-dayang :  the  prince 
fell  in  love  with  a  Court  damsel ;  Sej.  Mai.,  76. 
Berahikan  :  (i)  =  berahi  akan  :  to  be  in  love 
with  another,  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  loi,  116;  (2)  to 
cause  another  to  love  you. 
See  also  rahi. 


vl)V/l    bfirbana.     A    tabor   or   tambourine ;    usually 
rebana,  q.  v. 


ij",    bSrSbat.      A    tree,    sonneratia    acida;    better 
known    as  perepat,  q.  v. 


^j-. 


f^ 


bfirat.  Heaviness;  weight;  the  sensation  of 
weight  as  an  impediment  to  motion  ;  crushed 
down  by  weight ;  heavy  ;  ( by  metaphor  ) 
difficult,  troublesome,  interfering  with  pro- 
gress. Ringa^i  ttdang  berat  perut :  light  bones 
make  a  heavy  stomach ;  activity  leads  to  a 
good  meal ;  energy  leads  to  success,  Prov. 
Berapa  berat  mata  memandang  berat  lagi  bahti 
memikul:  however  heavy  a  weight  may  seem 
to  the  eye,  it  is  heavier  still  to  the  shoulder ; 
a  sympathizer's  sorrow  is  less  than  a  sufferer's 
pain ;  Prov. 

Kepala-nya  berat :  he  was  dull-witted  or  slow- 
witted.     Hukuman-nya  berat  kapada  orang  mis- 

kin,  dan  ringan  kapada  orang  kaya :  his  sen- 
tences were  heavy  for  the  poor  and  light  for 
the  rich  ;  H-t.  Abd.,  291. 

Keberatan :  pregnancy ;  Sh.  Bid.,  3  ;  Sh.  Abd. 
Mk.,  74;  Ht.  Sh.,  203.  Also  burden;  the 
burden  of  royalty;  Mahk.  Raj.,  81, 

Memberati:  to  charge  (in  court) ;  Majm.  al- 
Ahk.,  123. 

Memheratkan :  to  burden ;  to  hinder ;  to 
interfere  with  the  progress  of  anything;  Ht. 
Abd.,  23. 

Pemblrat :  anything  that  interferes  with  or 
prevents  ;  a  hindrance ;  a  preventive  talisman. 
Tuwan  puiBri  Khatifah  membubohkan  tuwan 
puieri  Seri  Udara  p  ember  at  supaya  jangan  jadi 
bersuwamikan  Koris  Mengindera :  the  Princess 
Khatifah  had  laid  a  preventive  charm  upon 
the  Princess  Sri  Udara  to  prevent  her  marry- 
ing Koris  Mengindra;  Ht.  Koris. 


bSrtam.     A  kind  of  palm  ;  eugeissona  tristis. 


a3^.    bSrteh 


A  way  of  toasting  rice.  Beras  b, : 
rice  toasted  in  the  husk ;  Ht.  Abd.,  113 ;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah.,  7 ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.,  16.     See  riteh. 


BURJ 


[    96    ] 


BiR^NGU 


^' 


bmj.     Arab.     Castle,  turret;   Ht.  Isk.  Dz. ;  a 

station  of  the  Zodiac.     BurpiH-asad :  Leo,  as 
a  sign  of  the  Zodiac. 

The  signs  of  the  Zodiac  play  a  considerable 
part  in  Malayo-Arabic  divination  and  are 
popularly  known  as  the  bintang  duwa  bUas 
or  *' twelve  stars,"  though  properly  constella- 
tions ;  see  bintang. 


?>:    bgrchat.     A  fish  (unidentified) ;  C.  and  S. 

i^^j'.    b6rdus.     Breadth  round  the  waist ;  prominence 
of  the  stomach ;— stronger  than  bimchii,  q.  v. 

^"V-    bordu.      [Port,  bordo.l     Gunwale  (of  a  ship) ; 
(sometimes)  the  hatches  over  a  ship's  hold. 


^3i/,    barzak.     Arab, 
world ;  Hades. 


UV"^ 


^A  lam    barzak :    the    other 


bdras.  (i)  Rice,  husked  but  uncooked;  cf. 
padi,  and  nasi;  (2)  a  measure  for  diamonds, 
(the  weight  of  a  grain  of  rice?)i  Tikus  jatoh 
ka-dalam  gedong  beras :  a  mouse  fallen  into  a 
granary;  great  good  luck;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  10. 
Taroh  beras  didalam  padi :  put  your  rice  in 
padi;  an  injunction  to  secrecy;  Prov.,  J.S.A.S., 
I.,  88.  Beras  basah  :  wet  rice ;  worthless  rice  ; 
a  symbol  for  useless  lies  or  a  story  that  will 
not  *'  go  down  "  ;  Prov. 

B.  berteh :  toasted  rice ;  v,  reteh  and  berteh, 

J5.  btmga  nyior :  the  grain  contained  in  the 
flower  of  the  coconut. 

B.  bunga  pinang :  the  grain  in  the  flower  of 
the  areca-nut ;  also  6.  mayang  pinang.  Used 
at  a  raja's  funeral. 

B,  kunyet :  rice  stained  with  saffron — much 
used  in  wedding  and  other  ceremonies. 

B.petas:  (coll.)  all  kinds  of  rice  and  stores 
of  grain.     Cf.  latik-patik, 

Belalang  b. :  a  species  of  grasshopper  (un- 
identified); Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  56. 


c/1/.    bdris.     Eng.     The  bridge  of  a  ship. 


i^j*,    bfirus.     Eng.     Brush. 


y*    b§rsat.     Gone    astray — of    food    which    gets 
into  the  wind-pipe.     Cf.  sisat. 


'""^J*^    b§rsit.     Sudden   appearance,    sudden   projec- 
tion into  view ;  =  bersil,  q.  v. 


y»    bdrsut.     A  sudden  scowl,  as  the  result  of  an 
unpleasant  thought  rising  in  the  mind. 

I  Cf .  the  following  Pantuns : 

Che'  AH  pergi  ka-Lingga 
KSna  angin  gelomhang  barat; 

Kalau  tuwan  biyasa  berniyaga, 
Berapa  b^ras  satu   herat? 

Kayoh  perahu  dart  pangkalan, 
SSrta  sampai  beharu  di4kat; 

Kalau  'nak  fahu  timbangan  intan 
Lapan  beras  satu  h^rat. 


\^j>^  b6rsil.  Sudden  appearance ;  suddenly  issuing 
into  full  view,  as  a  snake  emerging  from  a 
hole  or  as  a  ship  from  behind  a  cape.  Cf. 
jengoL 

rr^¥  bSrsin.  Sneezing :  to  sneeze.  Bersin  dan 
batok :  sneezing  and  coughing ;  Sh.  Ungg. 
Bers.,  18.  Lah  iya  bersin-lah  serta  membuka 
mata-nya :  then  he  sneezed  and  opened  his 
eyes;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 


4^*^ 


bSrSseh   or  bgrseh.     Clean;  free  from  im- 
purities ;  cleanliness,  the  state  of  being  clean. 

M ember esehkan  :  to  cleanse  ;  to  rid  of  impuri- 
ties; Sh.  Lamp.,  15. 


^J^J^,    baras.     Arab.     Leprosy. 


&^  bSrang.  L  (Daik.)  Berang-berang:3.n  otter , 
Ultra  vulgaris.  Also  (Riau)  bemberang,  and 
(Kedah)  member ang  or  niemerang, 

11.     Btiloh  berang :  a  bamboo,  dendrocalamus 
stridus. 


9y^    bereng.     Bereng-bereng :    (Onom.)     A  species 
^        of  gong ;  a  Chinese  musical  instrument ;  Ht- 
Abd.,  313. 

^j',  berenga.  Larvae  of  insects  to  be  found  in  or 
on  decayed  animal  matter.  Maka  berenga-pun 
puteh  memuteh  sa-genap  badan-nya :  maggot- 
larvae  shewed  up  white  over  all  his  body ;  Ht. 
Raj.  Don.,  53.     See  also  renga, 

^•^^'^j'.  bSrangta.  Jav.  Love,  passion ;  -^  berahi, 
q.  V.  Gila  b. :  the  madness  of  love,  madly 
in  love;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  50.  Taman  b, :  the 
Garden  of  Love;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Penglipor  6.  ; 
the  consoler  of  love  sorrows;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

i^j",  bSrangtl.  Love,  =  berahi  and  berangta,  Gila 
b,  :  madly  in  love;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed.  'Ashtk  b, : 
id.,  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

{J^j".    bSrengOS.     Jav.     Moustache  ;  =  misai,  q.  v. 


^j  bSrangsang.  To  excite  or  rouse  to  courage ; 
to  hearten  up  with  heating  food  or  strong 
liquor  or  martial  music ;  see  rangsang. 


^y*^j*,  b6rengseL  [Dutch  hengseL]  A  hinge,  e,g,, 
of  a  door;  a  joint — as  between  bones;  hinged; 
see  engsel. 


j^. 


y    bSrgnggiL 

V.  enggil. 


Saw-edged, 
Cf.  ringgit. 


knobby,   crenelated ; 


jp;.  bSrfingU  or  berSngau.  A  musical  instru- 
ment, a  wind  instrument.  Di-tiyup  orang-lah 
najtri  dan  berengu :  the  state  clarions  and 
bugles  were  blown  ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 


BfiBAK 


[    97    ] 


b£:r£:mban 


,_^,  bSrak.  I.  The  suction  of  mud  and  similar 
substances.  TSrberak :  sucked  under,  as  a 
man  in  a  quicksand. 


(JL/. 


(Ji/. 


\--i 


If- 


& 


U^J'. 


II.     Facial  inflammation  ;  see  bera. 

m 

bSrek.       (Kedah.)      Beberek:    to  chatter,  to 
talk  long-windedly  and  nonsensically. 

bfirok.     The  Malayan  baboon,  macacus  neme- 

strtnus;  Ht.  Abd.,  77;  Sej,  MaL,  118;  Ht. 
Bakht.,  53 ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.,  etc. 

Serah  b, ;  or  6.  menghantar  hdsil :  figurative 
expressions  for  the  mumps. 

Tabong  b. :  a  plant  (nepenthes,  sp. ). 

bfiraksa  or  buraksa.    I.     [Skr.   wreksa.] 

Pohtm  kayu  b. :  a  large  tree ;  cassia  fistula  ;  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  66;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.,  40;  Ht.  Nakh. 
Muda,  19 ;    Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 

n.  Kuda  b, :  a  sort  of  legendary  Pegasus  or 
supernatural  steed;  Ht.  P.  J.  P.;  Ht.  Jaya 
Lengg.  ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.  Btirong  b. :  id.,  Ht. 
Jay.  Asm. 

b■tlrka^     Arab.     A  veil  worn  by  women  on 

and  after  the  pilgrimage  to  Mecca.  Often  cor- 
rupted to  bergok  or  berkok  or  mergok, 

barkandsin.  Pers.  The  festivities  preceding 
the  fast  of  Ramazan. 

berik.     Eur.     A  brig. 

b6rkat.  [  Arab,  barkat.  ]  The  blessing  of 
God  ;  blessedness ;  blessing — in  the  sense  that 
the  favour  of  God  rests  on  anything,  making  it 
a  source  of  happiness  to  others.  Di-taroh-nya 
nama  anak-nya  itu  Shaikh  ^A  bduH-kadir  dari  se- 
bab  mengambil  berkat  nama  bapa-nya  :  he  gave 
his  son  the  name  of  Shaikh  Abdulkader  that 
the  boy  might  receive  the  blessing  of  God 
which  rested  on  his  father's  name ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  7.  Dengan  kasihan  Allah  serta  dmgan 
berkat  guru-ku  :  by  the  favour  of  God  and  his 
blessing  on  my  teacher ;  Ht.  Abd.,  52. 
Dengan  berkat  is  also  used  with  the  meaning 
of  in  virtue  of" 

The  word  berkat  is  also  used  of  the  presents 
of  food  to  be  taken  home  given  by  a  host  to 
his  departing  guests  at  a  funeral  or  wedding 
feast.  If  the  host  is  of  royal  rank,  however, 
the  word  tdbak  is  used. 


bdrkas.  A  tied  bundle ;  a  number  of  articles 
united  into  a  parcel  by  having  a  cord  passed 
round  them ;  tying  up.  Saperti  tandok  di- 
bh'kas:  like  horns  tied  together  in  a 
bundle ;  a  story  the  details  of  which  will  not 
hold  together ;  Prov.  Telah  terberkas  itu  lalu 
jatoh  terguling'guling :  after  they  had  been  tied 
up,    they  kept  rolling  out;    Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 


Di'tebas-nya  sa-orang  sa-berkas :  they  cut 
down  a  bundle  each  (of  undergrowth);  Ht. 
Abd.,  107. 

bSrkong.  Sampan  berkong :  a  boat  divided 
into  watertight  compartments  by  planking 
stretching  across  the  boat  up  to  or  near  the 
gunwale ;  see  kong. 

bdrkek.  Burong  berkek :  (Riau,  Johor)  the 
common  snipe.     Also  (  Kedah)  burong  tetirok, 

bdrkok.    I. 


[Arab 


e^' 


.]     A  veil  worn  by 


female  hajis  ;  also  bergok  and  mergok. 
II.     (Malacca.)     A  large  wild  pigeon. 

borga  or  burga.     Ay  am  b.  :  the  jungle  fowl ; 
also  ay  am  beroga  and  ay  am  hutan. 


bgrgok.     [  Arab  ^ .]     A  veil  worn  by  women 

on  and  after  the  pilgrimage  to  Mecca;  also 
berkok  and  mergok. 


u 


!/* 


bgrliyan.     Eng.     A  brilliant;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Intan  dan  berliyan :  diamonds  and  brilliants. 

bdram.  I.  The  generic  name  for  fermented 
liquors  made  from  rice  or  other  grain ;  rice- 
spirit  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.,  139. 

II.  A  fish-trap  for  use  in  the  flooded  padi- 
fields  and  small  country  streams;  also  beberam, 

bSrma.  [Skr.  brahma,]  L  The  god  Brahma. 
Betara  Berma  dewa :  id.,  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.  Berma 
sakti:  a  mighty  God,  said  by  Dr.  Van  der 
Tuuk  to  be  distinct  from  Brahma;  see  his 
notes  on  the  Hikayat  Maharaja  Boma  [Hikd- 
yat  Sang  Samba);  Tijd.  N.  I.,  XXL,  pp.  91-101. 

Kutika  b. :  one  of  the  Kutika  Lima  or  Five 
Ominous  Times ;  the  period  of  the  day  pre- 
sided over  by  the  god  Brahma. 

II.  Redness — associated  with  the  colour  of 
blood.  Tanda  6. ;  redness  caused  by  suffusion 
of  blood.  Orang  b, :  a  tattooed  person  ;  (from 
berma  III  ? ) 

III.  Burma.     Orang  b. :  a  Burmese. 

bSrSmbang.     A  tree  growing  on  the  seashore 
bearing  a  sour  round  fruit ;    sonneratia  acida. 
This  tree  is  constantly  alluded  to  in  pantuns, 
e.g.,  Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  5;    Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  (in  five 
places),  etc. 
jB.  bukit :  a  large  tree,  duabanga  sonneratioides. 
B,  jantan  :  a  tree,  randia  densiflora, 
Akar  b. :  a  climbing  plant,  toeniochlcBna  griffi- 
thii. 


f^j*,    bSrombong.      Globular  expansion ;    conical 
^    *      shaped  ;  funnel  shaped ;  v.  rombong. 

Oyji    bSrfimban.     Cross-laths  in  a  fence;  KL,  Pijn.; 
see  rimban. 


^j'. 


13 


b£r£mi 


[  98  ] 


bSbahmana 


t/JI 


*-^**l/t 


^Ji 


*^Ji 


t^J'. 


*  ft 


b6rSmi.      A  small  scented  herb,  the  native 
*' water-cress  *' ;  herpestes  monniera. 

B.  hutan  :  limnophila  conferta, 

bSranta.     I.     A  river  boat  rowed  by  means 
of  long  sweeps  or  oars. 

II.     [  Skr.  anta.  ]     BBranta  indira :  of  divine 
nature,   divine;    beranta    loka:    earthly;    see 


III.  [Skr.  bhdrata,]  Beranta  yuda:  the 
name  by  which  the  Bharata  Yuddha  is  known 
to  educated  Malays. 

bSranda.  [  Port,  veranda.  ]  A  balcony,  a 
verandah,  Ht.  Abd.,  273,  296;  an  open  gallery 
on  a  ship,  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  26; 
the  captain's  bridge,  Sej.  Mah,  329, 

bSrinda.  The  sum  total;  the  full  number; 
the  entire  household ;  Kl.,  Pijn. 

bgrandang.  I.  To  light  up,  at  night;  to 
throw  light  on  the  scene ;  to  extemporize  a 
torch  to  light  the  way;  cf.  andang, 

II.  Bare,  exposed,  C.  and  S;  plain,  visible, 
Kl. 


xj^j*.    bSrandal.     I.     Jav.     A  robber ;  a  brigand. 


II.     A  heavy  curved  sword  of  Banjermasin 
make. 


bgrendi  or  bSrandi. 

Abd.,  88. 


Eng.      Brandy ;    Ht. 


bSrfinas.  Promising  fine  growth  or  develop- 
ment; growing  up  finely  as  young  shoots; 
rapidly  developing,  as  an  eruption  of  small- 
pox pustules ;  inflated  to  the  utmost  extent, 
as  a  bladder,  or  as  the  cheeks. 

bamis.  Eng,  Varnish ;  European  or  Chinese 
varnish ;  cf.  sampang. 

Sapu  bamis :  varnishing, 
bSrSnang,     To  swim  ;  v.  renang. 


bSrniyaga. 

bSniyaga. 


[  Skr.  bdmjya,  ]     To  trade  ;    v. 


bSroti.  Laths,  in  a  lattice  or  in  any  similar 
construction  ;  laths  constituting  a  framework 
on  which  anything  is  nailed.     Also  beloti, 

blirty.  Arab.  Castles,  signs  of  the  Zodiac, 
Mahk.  Raj.,  161;  Ht.  Put.  Sh.,  59;  the  plural 

of  ^  ,  q.  V. 


^^jjl,    bSrochi.     The  adjectival  form  of  Broach,  the 
'      *      name  of  a  town  in  India  from  which  a  certain 
cloth  fabric  is  exported.     Sarwdl  6, :  trowsers 
made  of  this  cloth ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 


J-^jL/i    bSrudu.     A  tadpole ;  also  rimudu, 

\j^^X  bfiruwas.  I.  A  strong  scented  shrub  or 
tree ;  premna  cordifolta.  Also  b^buwas  and 
buwas-buwas, 

II.     Ikan  b, :  a  fish  (  unidentified  ). 
bSruwang.    The    Malayan   bear,    ursus   ma- 


b. 


t« 


d: 


i/ 


A 


'^J'^ 


O'^J'^ 


^J*^ 


layanus :  Ht.  Ind,  Nata.,  24. 

bSruga,  bSroga  or  biruga.  Ayam  b.:  the 
jungle-fowl.  Also  ayam  borga;  ayam  hutan; 
and  ayam  denaL  Ayam  beruga  itu  kalau  di-bh'i 
makan  di-pinggan  mas  sahali-pun  ka-kutan  juga 
pergi-nya  :  even  if  you  offer  a  jungle-cock  food 
from  a  golden  plate  he  will  fly  off  to  the 
jungle;  irreclaimable;   Prov.,    J.  S.  A.  S.,  I., 

89. 

bSrugU,  A  small  side  verandah  or  balcony  in 
a  Malay  house ;  Kl. 


O^j*,  baruna.  [  Skr.  waruna.  ]  The  Hindoo 
Varuna,  the  God  of  the  sea ;  cf,  ( etymologi- 
cally )  Uranus, 

L^IJL/  bfironok.  A  marine  worm  or  animal.  Lak- 
Sana  beronok  berminyak-minyak :  oily  as  a 
beronok;  a  descriptive  epithet  applied  to  a 
very  fat  man. 

B,  pisang :  colochinis  anceps. 

B,  landar  :  haplodactyla  molpadisides, 

(Jjj",  bSrunai.  Brunei ;  Borneo.  Perahu  b, :  a 
Brunei  ship.     Orang  b, :  a  native  of  Brunei. 

c^JL/»    bfirohi  or  bgrov^i.     (  Riau. )     Arrowroot. 

\Vft^^  bgrhala.  [  Skr.  ?  ]  An  idol ;  an  image  of  a 
Chinese  or  Hindoo  divinity;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 
Sa-buwah  rumah  berhala :  an  idolatrous  temple ; 
Ht,  Gul.  Bak.,  118. 


rXfi^f    burMn 


Arab. 
I.  M.  P.,  4,  II. 


Demonstration,  proof;    Sh. 


bSrhamma  or  bSrahma.  [  Skr.  Brahma.  ] 
Brahma,  the  great  Indian  divinity,  who, 
however,  plays  a  subordinate  part  in  Malay 
romances  as  compared  with  Siva.  Betara 
berhamma :  the  great  God  Brahma ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. ;  also  betara  berma.     See  b^rma. 


^y^j^  bgrahmana,  bSrahman  or  bSrhamman. 
[  Skr.  brahmana.  ]  A  Brahmin  ;  an  ascetic ; 
a  priest  of  a  heathen  divinity ;  Sh.  Bur. 
Pungg.,  15;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  iig;  etc. 


Berahman  Jakeniy   berahman  Jaketun^ 
Bertapa   k^ras  di-puchok  apt; 

Chukup  hart   bilangan  tahun^ 
BUah  dada-nya  beharu  mati: 


B&BAI 


[    99    ] 


BISMI 


^J'- 


the  Brahmin  Jakeni,  the  Brahmin  Jaketun 
underwent  severe  penance  in  the  darting 
points  of  flame,  and  when  the  days  and  years 
( of  his  penance )  were  accompHshed,  his 
heart  broke  and  then  only  he  died. 

In  some  cases  the  name  Berahmaria  is  given 
to  the  God  Brahma  or  even  to  a  great  divinity 
(  betara  )  generally. 

bSrai,  Cherai-berai :  Scattered  in  small 
parties;  broken  into  small  detachments,  as 
a  defeated  army ;  see  cherai. 


bSsut.     I .    A  sudden  contraction  of  the  brows ; 
=:bersuty    q.  v. 

II.    To  strike;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  VIII.,  127. 


^  bSri.  I.  Bestowal;  the  act  of  granting  or 
--^*  giving ;  letting,  allowing.  Di-beri-nya-lah  idzin  : 
he  gave  them  permission.  Di-beri  tahu :  he 
let  (them)  know ;  he  gave  information.  Di- 
b^ri'ftya  orang  masok :  he  allowed  people  to 
come  in. 

Beriyan  :   gift,  dowry ;  see  infra. 

Memberi:  to  give,  to  grant,  to  allow,  to 
bestow.  M.  tabek :  to  give  greeting ;  to 
salute.     M.  sumpah  :   to  administer  an  oath. 

Berikan  and  memberikan :  to  give,  to  grant. 

Pemberiyan:  gift;  Ht.  Abd.,  264,  265,  274, 
etc.;  dowry  in  the  sense  of  the  sum  paid  by 
the  bridegroom  to  the  wife's  parents;  Ht. 
Zaly.;   marriage  settlements.     Also  beriyan. 

II.  Beri'beri:  fruit-flies;  better  bari-bari; 
see  bari. 


«^-*d/. 


b6rita.  [Skr.  wdrtta,]  Tidings ;  news.  Sam- 
pat  sekarang  tiyada  khabar-nya  dan  berita-nya : 
up  to  the  present  time  there  are  no  news  or 
tidings  of  him;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  Apa  berita 
segala  anak  isteri  kita:  what  news  of  our 
famines ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  87.  Dengarkan  b.  : 
listen  to  my  tale;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  i. 

Pemberita:  a  news-giver;  '*news"  as  the 
title  of  a  newspaper.  P.  betawi :  The  Batavian 
News;  —the  name  of  a  vernacular  paper. 
Cf.  warta. 


Ju«    barid.     Arab.     Messenger. 

IS/* 

Jo*.  b§rida.  [Skr.  wreddha.]  Old;  veteran; 
experienced.  Munteri  berida:  experienced 
councillors. 

h/,    bfiriyang.     Daun  beriyang :   a  plant,  archytea 
^  *      vahlii  ;  better  daun  riyang-riyang ;  see  riyang. 

jjij-  bSringin.  The  waringin  tree;  ficus  benja- 
mina;  Ht.  Jaya.  Lengg.;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.,  etc. 
Akar  b  :  ficus  pisifera. 

4^^    boriah.     [  Hind  l^y. .  ]     A  topical   song ;  v. 

W 

iSjjj*.    bizurai.     [Port,     vice-rey.]     Viceroy. 

A^    busana.     [Skr.     bhusana.]     Raiment,  cloth- 
*      ing ;   ornamental  dress. 


\WmmJ 


c5^^^  bSstari.  Well-bred;  mannerly;  polite; 
accomplished.  Muda  bestari:  young  and  well- 
bred  ;  Cr.  Gr.,  50 ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  18. 

/;\i*^i  bost&n  or  bustS.n.  Pers.^  A  pleasure  garden ; 
=  taman.  BustdnuH-'arijin:  the  garden  of  the 
learned — the  name  of  a  book.  Bustdnu' l- 
kdtibm  :  the  garden  of  scribes — the  name  of  a 
treatise  on  letter- writing.  Bustdnu  '  s-sdlatin  : 
the  name  of  a  well-known  Malay  classic.  The 
above-mentioned  names  are  hybrid,  bostdn, 
though  Persian,  being  admitted  into  the 
Arabic  language  and  pronounced  bustan,  Di- 
biiwat  bostdn  tentpat  bersuka :  he  made  a 
garden,  a  place  for  enjoying  himself;  Sh.  Sh. 
AL,  38. 

X^    buste.     Eng.     Bow-stay ;  a  nautical  term. 

j,^  bSsar.  Large;  great  in  size;  bulky;  great- 
ness without  reference  to  moral  qualities. 

Orang  6. :  a  headman  ;  a  chief.  Tuwan  b, : 
the  head  of  an  office ;  v.  iuwan,  Bapa-ku  itu 
besar-lah  dalam  negeri  Melaka :  my  father  grew 
up  (spent  his  boyhood)  at  Malacca;  Ht. 
Abd.,  8.  Maha  besar:  most  great;  very  great ; 
Cr.  Gr.,  64;  Ht.  Abd.,  12,  465. 

B.  hati:  presumption;  pride  of  place  or 
purse;  Ht.  Abd.,  39 ;  Cr.  Gr.,  63;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  149. 

Kebesaran :  (i)  greatness  of  station,  rank  or 
position;  (Ht.  Abd.,  400);  a  distinguished 
honour;  (Ht.  Abd.,  461);  the  emblems  of  rank, 
such  as  the  regalia  of  a  king  or  the  insignia 
of  a  sorcerer  (pawang).  Bintang  L:  the  star 
of  a  knightly  order.  (2)  Pride,  presumption  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  115,  259,  270. 

Membesarkan :  to  exalt ;  to  aggrandize ;  to 
augment;  to  enlarge.  M.  diri :  to  talk  big; 
to  boast ;  Ht.  Abd.,  96,  114,  143,  etc. 

Pembesar  :  an  enlarger ;    Muj.,  71. 

i^    bgsing.     I.     (Onom.)     The  sound  of  a  pro- 
CP      jectile  whizzing  through  the  air;  to  hurl  a 
stone  from  a  sling. 

II.    Full  of  food,  having  eaten  one's  fill ;  Pijn. 
ii)jLui    buspgrit.     Eng.     Bowsprit. 
y2.^i^    bSskat.     Eng.     Baju  L  :  a  vest,  a  waistcoat. 

<^      biskut.     A  biscuit.     Sa-biji  b.:  one  biscuit; 
»^^-^^      Ht.  Abd.,  364. 

^    bismL     Arab.     In  the  name  of;  by  the  name 

1  of ;  V.  bi. 

Bi'smiHlahi:  in  the  name  of  God.  Bi'smi- 
HlahiW-rahmdni  W-raUmi :  in  the  name  of  God, 
the  Merciful,  the  Compassionate;  the  com- 
mon exordium  to  a  Malay  written  document 
or  story. 


BISMIL 


[     xoo     ] 


BANGSA 


)* 


.K?n  'iiiiit 


bismil.  Arab.  Kurdn  bismil:  a  Koran  so 
copied  that  every  juz  covers  the  same  amount 
of  space. 

bFsmillahi.     In  the  name  of  God  ;  v.  bismi. 

busanda.     Old ;  stricken  in  years. 

bisnu.  [Skr.  wishnu,]  The  great  Hindu 
divinity  Vishnu,  the  Preserver.  Sang  Yang 
Bisnu,  Betara  Bisnu,  Dewa  Yang  Maha-Bisnu, 
and  Betara  Yang  Maha-Bisnu :  id. 

Kutika  Bisnu:   one  of  the  divisions  of  the 
Kutika  Lima, 

bas&ta.     A  silken  fabric  of  Surat. 

bSsi.     Iron. 

B.  batang :  bar  iron. 

B,  birani  :  magnetic  iron.     Also  batu  berani, 

B,  chabang :  a  Chinese  pronged  weapon. 

B.  kawi :  manganese. 

B.  khersdni :  Khorassan  iron ;  fabulous  iron 
deemed  to  possess  almost  magic  powers. 

B,  lantai :  plate  iron  ;  iron  planking. 

B.  lintang :  iron  in  long  thin  strips. 

B,  mawas :  rude  iron  used  by  wild  aboriginal 
tribes. 

J5,  rantai  babi :  v.  babi. 

B.  tunggal :  =  6.  khersdni, 

Batu  b, :  granite,  or  any  similar  hard  rock. 

Pandai  b, :  a  blacksmith. 

Tahi  6. :  rust. 

Tukang  b. :  a  blacksmith  ;  =  pandai  b. 

boseta.     Port.     A  basket ;  Pel.  Abd.,  150. 

bastt.  Arab.  Homogeneous  throughout ; 
consisting  of  one  element  only. 


4Jau.aU    basltah.     Arab.     Element,  surface 


bfisikor.      An    edible   saltwater    fish    (besiko, 
Kl. ;  besikau,  Pijn.). 

bisMrat.     Arab.     Good  news. 

basar.     Arab.     The  sense  of  seeing,  conspicu- 
ousness. 


^/wa*    baslr.     Arab.     Clear-sighted,  bright,  sharp. 

usu    batal.    Arab.     Vain,  useless. 

MBmbatalkan :  to  nullify,  to  render  useless ; 
to  futili^e. 

"^  vkj    bat&Iah.     Arab.     Vanity,  uselessness. 


j^^^pa*    batxlk*      Arab.      Patrician,     patriarch ;     Ht. 
Fut.  Sh.,  14. 

jQj    butum.     Arab.     The  terebinth  tree. 
^_>«J    batan.     Arab.     Belly,  interior,  hidden. 
ba'th.     Arab.     MembaHhkan  :  to  send. 


jji)  ba'd.  Arab.  After.  Wa  ba^da-hu :  and  after 
that;  =  kemudiyan  daripada  itu,  Ba*d  hajj : 
after  the  pilgrimage  to  Mecca;  Pel.  Abd.,  154. 

O^    ba'dl.     Arab.      Certain    (in    the    expression : 
a  certain  person);  some  one. 


i    bald.     Arab.      Distant.      Karib    dan    ba'id: 
those  near  and  far ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  23. 

U)    baghal.     Arab.     A    mule;    Ht.    Mar.    Mah. ; 
*-^*      Ht.  Fut.  Sh.,  57. 

Ai>    bughah.     Arab.     Rebel ;  Majm.  al-Ahk.,  357. 


J^M>    bighair.      Arab.      Separate,     different    from, 
solitary;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  62. 

%}    bang.     I.     [Pers.  vi^jl  .]     Also  ebang.     The 

call  to  prayer  by  means  of  the  big  drum 
(bedok);  Sh.  Ibl.,  5  ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  5 ;  Sh.  Abd. 
Mk.,  77 ;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  77. 

II.  Red.  Batek  b, :  a  pattern  of  sarong  in 
which  red  predominates;  Pel.  Abd.,  59,  71. 
Cf.  bangbang,  mamhang,  ebang,  etc, 

i)    bung  and  bong.     Onom.     A   deep   booming 


^ 


Lr*J 


U**) 


sound ;  cf.  debung  and  lebung. 

bangbang.  Red  ;  cf.  bang  and  ebang,  Ber- 
payong  kartds  bangbang  mas :  with  a  red 
umbrella  embroidered  with  gold;  Ht.  Sh., 
148,  Ketara  bangbang  wetan :  the  Eastern 
glow  was  seen ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


bSngis.  Cruelty ;  heartlessness ;  cruel ;  callous ; 
indifferent  to  the  sufferings  of  others.  Ter- 
lalu  bengis  laku-nya  dengan  tiyada  menaroh 
kasihan :  their  behaviour  was  most  heartless, 
and  they  had  not  the  least  pity;  Ht.  Abd.,  268. 

Kebengisan  and pembengisan :  callous  cruelty; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  14,  27. 

bangsa.  [Skr.  wansa,]  Racial,  as  distinct 
from  political,  national  distinctions ;  distinc- 
tions of  blood ;  descent,  especially  in  the  sense 
of  noble  descent.  B.  hindu:  the  Hindu  race. 
B.  China:  the  Chinese,  whether  Straits  or 
China-born.  Rosak  bangsa  karena  laku:  bad 
habits  destroy  inherited  virtues;  Prov.,  Ht. 
Ind.  Jaya.  Behasa  m^nunjokkan  bangsa : 
manners  reveal  descent;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XI.,  54- 


BANGSAWAN 


[    loi    ] 


BfiNGKALAI 


Berbangsa :  well  born .     Orang  yang  berbangsa ; 
a  member  of  a  good  family  ;  Marsd,  Gr.,  210. 
Also  bangsawan, 

Membangsakan :   to   classify   with   regard   to 
nationality;  Majm.  al-Ahk.,  109. 

JaU^  bangsawan.  [Skr.,  the  adjective  of  wansa; 
V.  bangsa,]  Of  good  birth ;  of  noble  descent 
(Sej.  MaL,  36);  a  term  of  endearment  (Ht. 
Ind.  Meng.);  a  kind  of  native  comic  opera; 
a  theatrical  performance  by  natives  on  the 
lines  of  a  European  opera;  descended  from 
(Sej.  MaL,  57). 

C^"***-*!  bangsat.  The  position  of  a  rogue  or  vaga- 
bond;  a  tramp,  a  pauper;  without  visible 
means  of  sustenance. 

Anak   raja   berjalan  sesat. 
Matt  ikan   di-atas   karang ; 

Sehaya  misMn   lagi  pun   bangsat 
Tidak   layak   kapada  orang: 

I    am   poor  and   a   vagabond;    I    am   no   fit 
companion  for  others. 


a.mJ|) 


bangsong.  Pointed  excrescences  from  the 
roots  of  certain  trees,  such  as  the  berembang  or 
perepat.     Also  basong. 

bangsal.  A  shed;  an  easily  erected  and 
easily  removable  structure  of  wood  or  atap, 
intended  for  use  as  a  shop  or  as  a  stable,  or 
as  a  residence  for  a  gang  of  coolies,  or  for  any 
similar  purpose;  Ht.  Abd.,  311. 

bungsil.  A  very  3^oung  coco-nut  used  as  a 
plaything  for  small  children. 

bongSU.  Youngest  born ;  the  youngest  mem- 
ber of  a  family  whether  male  (Ht.  Abd.,  14) 
or  female  (Sej.  MaL,  gg).  Hujan  b. :  a  very 
local  shower.  Gerham  b,  :  a  wisdom  tooth. 
Pak  b. ;  and  mak  b. :  (youngest  uncle  and 
aunt  respectively)  are  usually  contracted  to 
pak  su,  and  mak  su. 

BongSU,  as  a  name  given  to  the  youngest 
member  of  a  family,  is  often  transformed  to 
busu. 


^jjd  bangsai.  Much  decayed;  barely  holding 
together — of  wood,  as  in  the  case  of  an  old 
fallen  tree  trunk  in  the  forest  or  of  a  stranded 
and  abandoned  hulk  on  a  reef. 

Padi   b, :   padi  of   which   the    husk   is    not 
entirely  removed. 


bangsL  The  name  of  a  Malay  musical  instru- 
ment; a  kind  of  flute  or  flageolet  of  bamboo; 
Sej.  MaL,  144;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.;  Ht.  Raja 
SuL,  6;  Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  3,  74;  Sh.  Kumb. 
Chumb.,  5;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  86;  Sh.  May.,  14; 
etc, 

Buloh  b. :  id. ;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  8. 


^• 


^. 


j53) 


J 


,Ki) 


a> 


Ki) 


U^- 


lt- 


Ki. 


ji)    bgngang.     I.    (Onom.)    Singing  or  humming 
"^       noises  in  the  ear.     Cf.  bengal  and  bBngap. 

n.     Too  small,  too  tight,  of  clothes  which 
have  been  outgrown. 

«)    bgngong.     Confused ;  absence  of  mind ;  loss 
^       of  presence  of  mind  under  excitement.    B. 
alang :  id. 


bgngap.  Artificial  and  temporary  dullness 
of  hearing,  as  when  a  piece  of  cotton-wool  is 
put  in  the  ear;  dull,  of  the  ring  of  a  coin 
when  the  metal  is  bad. 

bgngek.  A  catch  in  one's  breath  ;  a  constant 
break  in  respiration  as  the  result  of  illness  or 
weakness  but  not  of  physical  exertion ;  asthma. 

bSngok.  I.  Terbengok:  with  head  bent  and 
shoulders  contracted,  as  a  man  in  extreme 
mental  depression ;  dejected  in  mien. 

n.     Goitre,  swollen  neck ;  an  equivalent  of 
begok,  C.  and  S. 

bingka.  Kimeh  b. :  a  Malay  cake  made  of 
flour,  coconut  milk,  eggs  and  palm  sugar. 
B.  ktikus,  b.  piihit,  and  temping  b, :  varieties  of 
this  cake. 

bfingkara.  Hudang  bengkara :  a  large  species 
of  prawn.  Also  hudang  mengkara  2Lnd  hudang 
kara, 

bdngkarak.     L     A  skeleton  ;  cf.  rangka. 

n.     Left  unfinished;  abandoned  while  still 
unfinished  ;  a  vulgar  variant  of  bengkalai. 

bSngkarong.  A  generic  name  for  skinks; 
the  common  skink,  mabuia  multifasciata.  Also 
mengkarong, 

Patahan  b. :  cramp ;  an  attack  of  cramp, 

bgngkasa.      A  kind  of  fish ;     KL,  Pijn.,  C. 

and  S.  [  mengkasar  ?  ] 

IL     A  trap;    KL,  Pijn.,    C.  and  S.    [jerat 
bingkas  ?] 

bgngkalis.     An  edible  freshwater  fish. 
Also  mengkalis, 

bSngkalai.  The  abandonment  of  a  work 
while  it  is  still  unfinished.  Tinggal  b. :  to 
remain  unfinished ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Sa-berang  Perai  tanah  yang  rata, 
Buleh   berjalan  sa-kehendak  kaki; 

Bengkalai   tertinggal  janggal  di-mata 
Pantang  tukang  pesudahkan   bahagi : 

it  has  remained  unfinished,  offending  the  eye, 
the  maker  being  forbidden  to  complete  and 
deliver  it. 

Also  mengkalai. 


b£ngkawang 


[      102      ] 


BINGKIS 


<zSk 


^ 


^3c 


bSngkawang.  A  fern;  gleichenia  linearis; 
also  gleichenia  hermanni. 

bSngkawan.  A  kind  of  lath  used  in 
thatching;  the  lath  used  as  a  measure  or 
numeral  coefficient  for  counting  ataps,  TMak 
buloh  akan  bengkawan :  cut  down  bamboo  to 
make  atap  laths;  Ht.  P.  J.  P.  Atap  sa-beng- 
kawan :  a  strip  of  thatching.  Naik  di-bumbong 
atas  bengkawan :  to  climb  to  the  ridge  pole 
over  the  ataps;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  5.  Also 
mengkawan. 


bSngkayang. 

stuffed. 


Glutted  with  food  ;    gorged ; 


bangMt.  Rising;  the  act  of  rising,  either 
literally  or  metaphorically,  as  of  a  man  rising 
from  the  dead  or  of  feelings  surging  up  in  the 
heart.  B,  berdiri :  to  rise  to  an  erect  posi- 
tion. Berbangkit-lah  ketakutan:  a  panic  arose. 
Di'bangkitkan  Allah  daripada-nya  maii :  may 
God  raise  him  from  the  dead;  Sh.  May.,  18. 

Hantu  6. :  a  sheeted  ghost ;  =  haniu  bungkus, 
q.  V. 

Kuweh  b, :  a  cake  made  of  arrow-root,  flour, 
eggs,  white  sugar,  and  suet,  cooked  in  a 
mould. 

bangkut.  Stunted  in  growth ;  insufficiently 
developed  in  some  respect.  Tandok  b, :  with 
a  stunted  horn, — used  to  describe  a  buffalo 
one  of  whose  horns  is  stunted  as  compared 
with  the  other.  Semambu  b, :  a  Malacca  cane 
one  of  the  joints  of  which  is  dwarfed  as 
compared  with  the  others ;  a  stick  with  two 
joints  very  close  together  ( a  peculiarity 
believed  to  bring  good  luck).  Nyior  6.;  a 
coco-nut  tree  part  of  which  is  stunted. 

bangkar.     Toughness,   hardness — applied   to 
durians  and  jack-fruits,  the  flesh  of  which  will 
not  ripen  into  softness ;  stiff,  of  a  dead  body ; 
the  rigor  mortis. 
Also  mangkar. 


bangkir.     Bongkar  bangkir 
ing,    heaping    one    thing    over 
frequentative  of  bongkar,  q.  v. 


continually  rais- 
another ;     a 


bSngkar.  Spontaneous  opening,  usually  by 
the  force  of  elasticity  when  pressure  is 
removed,  as  in  the  case  of  a  spring  uncoiling 
itself;  or  as  the  folds  of  a  parcel  sometimes 
rise  on  the  string  being  cut ;  or,  again,  under 
the  influence  of  heat,  as  grain  does  when 
boiled. 

bongkar.  Heaving  up,  raising  anything 
heavy  from  a  lower  to  a  higher  level ;  digging 
up;  the  turning  up  of  soil  in  />a^i-planting, 
B.  kota :  the  digging  up  of  a  tort,  the  des- 
truction of  a  fort;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  B.  kubu: 
id.,  e.g.,  by  blowing  up  the  foundations ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  67,  470.  Bongkar  dari  dalam  tapa-nya  : 
to    rise    from    a  state    of   complete    mental 


(j^ 


abstraction;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  B,  /^n:  (slang) 
to  get  up  and  run ;  to  make  a  bolt  of  it ;  Ht. 
Isk.  Dz. 

Mari  di-tarek  dengan-nya   akar, 
Akar  berikat   di-tepi-nya   bukit ; 

Di'dalam  hati  chinta   berlengkar, 
Jika  di'bongkar   terlalu  sakit : 

come  and  tear  it  out  root  and  all,  though  its 
root  be  fixed  to  the  edge  of  the  hill ;  love  is 
coiled  around  my  heart  and  painful  indeed 
would  it  be  to  root  it  up ;    Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,   12. 

Membongkar :  to  haul  up  or  heave  up.  M . 
sauh:  to  haul  up  the  anchor.  M.  bukit:  to 
dig  up  a  hillock, 

Bongkarkan:  to  have  anything  pulled  up  and 
removed. 
Terbongkar  :  heaved  away ;  hauled  up. 

Bongkar-bangkir :  (i)  turning  everything  in 
a  room  topsy-turvy ;  (2)  the  recalling  of  past 
favours  by  way  of  a  reproach  to  a  faithless 
friend. 

jB.  karang:  the  name  of  a  fabulous  skate 
which  could  carry  away  reefs  in  its  mouth. 

bSngkerang.  A  tree  (a  species  oi garcinia?); 
also  called  mengkerang, 

Rumput  lidah  bengkerang :  (Sungai  Ujong)  a 
grass ;  fuirena  glomerata, 

bangkas.  A  certain  pattern  (yellow  flecked 
with  black )  of  plumage  in  a  fighting-cock. 

bingkas.  1.  Springing  up,  rising  up; 
recovery ;  elasticity ;  rapidity  of  recovery. 
Jerat  b. :  a  snare  that  has  been  sprung  but  has 
caught  nothing.  Tiyada  b. :  he  has  no 
recuperative  power,  of  a  man  who  is  always 
getting  relapses  of  illness.  B.  bangun :  to 
spring  up. 

Yang  hendak   ka-darat   lalu   berbingkas, 
Hendak   berjalan  sigera   lekas : 

those  who  wished  to  go  ashore  sprang  past, 
wishing  to  proceed  with  as  much  speed  as 
possible ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  42. 

n.  A  technical  term  used  in  weaving;  the 
exhibition  of  the  pattern  on  a  stick  with  the 
silk  threads  in  various  colours  rolled  round  it. 

bingkis.  I.  A  present  accompanying  a  letter; 
a  complimentary  gift  or  offering  sent  by  one 
raja  to  another;  a  present  sent — as  distinct 
from  one  presented  by  the  giver  in  person ; 
Sej.  MaL,  52,  150;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  72. 

Bingkisan:  id.;  Sej,  MaL,  49;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
436;  Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  Best.;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz.;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah.;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.;  Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  75; 
Sh.  Bid.,  88,  120. 

II.  BungkuS'bingkis :  all  kinds  of  parcels — 
an  alliterative  collective  of  bungkus,  q.  v. 


BONGKAS 


[    103    ] 


BONGKAK 


LT^ 


U^ 


bongkas  or  bungkas.  The  rise  of  the  lower 
portion  of  anything  from  a  nearly  horizontal 
to  a  vertical  position  ;  e.g,,  the  rise  of  the  root 
fibres  on  a  tree  being  blown  down,  or  the  rise 
of  the  buried  end  of  a  stake  on  the  stake  being 
borne  over  by  the  current. 

bungkus.  The  rolling  up  or  folding  up  of  any- 
thing into  a  parcel,  package  or  bale ;  a  packet, 
a  bundle. 

Bimghisan  :  a  package.  Membungkus :  to 
make  up  a  parcel. 

Bungktcs  bingkis  :  all  kinds  of  parcels. 

Hantu  b.  :  a  ghost  which  returns  in  its  cor- 
poreal form,  and  wearing  grave-clothes,  to 
revisit  its  old  home  or  haunts  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  154. 
This  ghost  is  so  called  because  it  is  believed 
to  be  fettered  by  the  bands  round  the  grave 
clothes,  and  to  progress  by  rolling  along  the 
ground  like  a  bundle  of  bones.  Also  called 
hantti  bangkit,  hantu  golek,  and  hantu  kochong, 

Tepong  b. :  a  cake  made  of  tepong  jawi,  coco- 
nut milk  and  inti. 

bangkang.  I.  Wide  apart;  stretching  out 
in  opposite  directions. 

Kala  b. :  the  large  black  forest  scorpion. 

Ketam  b. :  a  species  of  crab. 

Tandok  6. :  horns  which  do  not  curve  in 
towards  each  other ;  horns  the  points  of  which 
are  very  wide  apart. 

II.  Jav.  Contradiction;  verbal  opposition ; 
unwillingness  to  acquiesce  in  what  others  say. 

III.  Left  unfinished ;  neglected  before  com- 
pletion— of  a  work.  Bangkang  is  less  refined 
than  bengkalai  but  less  coarse  than  bengkarak, 

bangkeng.  A  kind  of  large  round  lacquered 
box  for  holding  clothes  and  other  valuable 
property ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  41 ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

bangkiXLg.  To  fall,  as  a  spear  that  has  missed 
its  mark  ;  C.  and  S. 

bangkong.  Parang  b, :  a  Bugis  parang ;  a 
short,  broad-bladed  knife. 

bengkang.  I .  B .  bengkok  ;  zigzagging ;  crook- 
ed; Ht.  Abd.,  4,  204,  336.     B.  bengkong :  id. 

II.  Too  small  for  the  purpose  for  which  it 
was  constructed — of  an  aperture. 

III.  A  cake  or  sw^eetmeat  made  of  tepong 
jawi,  coco- nut  milk,  sugar,  etc.  Also  bingkang 
and  bekang, 

bengkeng.  Peevishness ;  irritability ;  snap- 
pish ness.  Anak  sendiri  di-sayang ;  anak  tiri  di- 
bengkeng :  one's  own  child  is  loved ;  one's  step- 
child is  snapped  at ;  Prov. 

Bengkengi :  to  be  angry  or  peevish  with ;  to 
snap  out  angrily  at  a  person  ;  Ht.  Si  Misk.,  80. 


^. 


^ 


j^ 


j^ 


bengkong.     I.    The  tissue  between  the  leaves 
and  stem  of  the  sago  palm. 

II.  Crooked.  Bengkang  b. :  v.  bengkang 
and  bengkok.  Cf.  parang  bangkong.  Yu  b. :  a 
species  of  dog-fish;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  46. 

III.  A  girdle  ;  a  kind  of  long  cummerbund ; 
Sh.  Laili  Mejn.,  26 ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  VIII.,  114. 


iSii    bingkang,     A  cake ;  =  bengkang  III,  q.  v. 


bongkang.  Stretched  out  to  its  full  length 
and  breadth ;  spread  out  to  its  full  extent,  as 
distinct  from  being  huddled  up — of  a  corpse. 
Cf.  bongkeng, 

bongkeng.  Lying  forward,  face  downwards, 
with  knees  drawn  up — of  a  dead  body,  especial- 
ly of  a  floating  corpse.     Cf.  bongkang. 


bongkong.     I.     B,  kayu :     a    large   parasitic 
growth  on  the  trunk  of  a  tree. 

II.     A  soft  cake  wrapped  in  plantain  leaves  ; 
Bint.  Tim.,  6  March,  1895. 


bSngkongkong.     A  saltwater  fish,  chrysophrys 
calamara.     Also  bekukong, 

bSngkak.    Inflammation ;  a  swelling  ;  swollen. 

Lain  bengkak  lain  menanah  :  the  abscess  was 
one  thing,  the  running  quite  another;  he 
aimed  at  one  thing  and  got  something  quite 
different ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Si  Misk.,  141. 

B,  bakup  :  swollen — of  the  eyelids  ;  a  black 
eye. 

B.  bengkil :  swollen  all  over ;  covered  with 
contusions  and  swellings,  as  a  boy's  face  after  a 
fight;  Ht.  Abd.,  25,  342  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  43  ;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah.,  56. 


bengkok.  Crooked ;  bent ;  not  straight.  Jang- 
an-lah  tuwan-tuwan  pikir  kalau  tebu  itu  bengkok 
manisan  iiu-pun  bengkok  jtiga:  don't  imagine, 
gentlemen,  because  a  sugar-cane  is  crooked 
that  sweets  must  also  be  crooked  in  shape ; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  97. 

Bengkang  b. :  zig-zag  ;  not  in  a  straight  line ; 
Ht.  Abd,,  4,  336- 

bongkak.     Arrogance ;    pride ;    self-assertive- 

ness ;  overbearing  behaviour.  Perkataan  b,  : 
overbearing  language;  Sh.  Bid.,  115.  Terlalu 
bongkak  pelandok  jenaka :  this  tricky  mousedeer 
is  too  arrogant  altogether  ;  Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  18. 

B.  pungah :  very  arrogant ;  an  intensitive 
of  bongkak;  Ht.  Jur.  Bud.,  6;  Ht.  Fut. 
Sh.,  163. 


BONGKOK 


[    104    ] 


BANGKAI 


J^ 


J^ 


J^ 


J^ 


J^ 


fM 


bongkok.      Bent;    bowed,   as  an   old  man; 

humpbacked;  curvature  of  the  spine;  a  stoop, 
either  as  the  result  of  age  or  of  excessive  sed- 
entary work.  Beruban  serta  bongkok  :  grey  and 
bowed  with  years ;  Sh,  Ungg,  Bers.,  4.  Bang- 
kok beharu  bitul:  a  humpback  who  has  just 
become  erect ;  a  beggar  on  horseback ;  a  man 
who  is  suddenly  raised  to  a  high  position  for 
which  he  is  entirely  unprepared;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  L,  92.  Di-mana  kayti  bongkok  di- 
Sana  lah  hendak  meniti :  wherever  a  branch  is 
conveniently  crooked,  there  will  the  travers- 
ing be  ;  a  pigeon  is  made  to  be  plucked ;  Prov. 
Orang  tuwa  bongkok  bawa  tombak  rambu :  an 
old  humpback  with  a  tasselled  lance;  a  lobster. 
Orang  tuwa  bongkok  pakai  baju  best:  an  old 
humpback  with  a  coat  of  mail ;  a  tortoise. 

B,  udang :  a  slight  stoop  in  a  young  man ; 
the  scholar's  stoop. 

B.kedek;  or  b,  terkedek :  a  stoop,  accom- 
panied by  a  prominent  stomach. 

Timtin  6. :  a  kind  of  pumpkin. 

Membongkok :  to  stoop;  (by  metaphor)  to 
humble  oneself. 

bangkal.  I.  A  large  tree;  cenolophon parvi- 
folius;  [nauclea  orientalisy  Pijn.]     Also  b,  pay  a. 

B.  bukit :  a  tree  with  greenish  white  flowers ; 
mastixia  junghuhniana, 

II.  Pembangkal :  a  village  headman;  an 
inferior  Javanese  title;  Ht.  Sh.;  also  pembakaL 

bdngkil.  Projecting  above  the  natural  surface, 
as  a  boil  or  swelling. 

Bengkak  b, :  covered  with  bumps  of  all  sorts 
and  sizes ;  v.  bengkak. 

Cf.  b^njol,  benjil,  bongkol,  enggil,  ringgit,  etc, 

bongkol.  A  dome-shaped  protuberance ;  the 
hump  on  a  camel  or  on  an  Indian  bullock ;  a 
swelling  of  larger  size  than  that  described  by 
bengkil^  q.  v.     Also  bonggol. 

bungkal  or  bongkal.  I.  A  measure  of 
weight  (832  grains) ;  especially  for  precious 
metals ;  a  tahil  or  16  mayam,  or,  approximately, 
I J  oz.  Berbungkal'bungkal  emas  :  bungkals  of 
gold,  i.  c,  comparatively  large  quantities  of 
gold;  Sh,  Kamp.  Boy.,  11, 

II.  A  common  jungle  tree ;  randia  ariso- 
phylla. 

bongkam  or  bungkam.  A  drug  or  talisman 
to  silence  a  hostile  witness  by  making  him 
tongue-tied  when  he  tries  to  give  evidence 
against  one.  'Azimat  pembongkam  :  id.  Also 
bukam. 

The  'Azimat  pembongkam  consists  of  four 
talismans  tied  together  by  an  arrangement  of 
strings  so  that  one  is  worn  on  the  chest,  one  on 
the  back  and  one  at  each  side.  The  strings 
pass  over  the  shoulder  and  form  a  St.  Andrew's 
cross  over  the  chest  and  back. 


^ 


<5^ 


bangku.  [Port,  banco.]  A  bench;  a  stool 
(Sej.  Mai.,  109) ;  a  seat  or  stool  without  arms 
or  back.  The  word  is  also  used  of  the  long 
chair  or  couch  of  an  European  (Ht.  Abd.,  124, 
296),  and  of  the  rack  in  a  torture  chamber  (Ht. 
Abd.,  61).     Sa-buwah  b, :  a  bench. 

Pokok  b, :   a  tree,  eugenia  maingayi, 

bSngkudu.  A  generic  name  for  a  number  of 
trees,  esp.  morinda  tinctoria;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 
See  mengkudu. 

bfingkuwang.  The  common  screw-pine,  pan- 
danus  atrocarpns.     See  m^ngkuwang, 

baugkulun.  [  Jav.  western,  from  kulun, 
west.]  Bencoolen.  Corrupted  usually  to 
(Riau)  bangkulu,  (Johor)  bmgkuln,  and 
(Singapore)  bangkahulu. 


bangkulu  or  bSngkulu. 

kulun,  q.  V. 


Bencoolen  ;=zbang' 


bgngkunang.  The  largest  variety  of  dwarf 
deer ;  tragulus  napo  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  88. 

bangkah.  A  single  black  mark  put  on  the 
forehead  of  a  young  child  to  protect  it  from 
evil  spirits  ;  the  caste  mark  on  a  Hindoo.     Cf. 

pangkah. 

bengkah.  A  vigorous  blow  with  a  stick  or 
anything  of  the  same  character,  which  is 
relinquished  as  the  blow  is  struck  ;  to  strike 
and  let  go  your  weapon ;  to  strike  one  top 
with  another. 

bungkah.     A  piece ;  a  block. 

bangkahulu.  (Singapore.)  A  corruption  by 
erroneous  etymology  of  bangkulun,  q.  v. 

bangkai.  A  carcase;  the  dead  body  of  an 
animal.  Anjtng  ulang  bangkai  :  the  dog  going 
back  to  (the  consumption  of)  his  carcase;  a 
man  relapsing  into  filthy  tastes;  Prov. 
Umang'Umang  bangkai :  a  hermit  crab;  a  small 
crab  taking  up  its  quarters  in  the  shell  of  a 
dead  shellfish;  a  man  decked  out  in  bor- 
rowed plumes ;  Prov.     See  umang, 

Anjtng  beruleh  bangkai :  a  dog  that  has  got 
hold  of  a  dead  body ;  a  snarling  and  jealous 
person ;  Prov.  Anjing  gunggong  bangkai : 
id. 

Bangkai  is  used,  contemptuously  and 
coarsely  i,  of  the  dead  body  of  a  man.  Takut- 
kan  hantu  pelokkan  bangkai :  to  hug  the  corpse 
for  fear  of  a  ghost ;  out  of  the  frying-pan  into 
the  fire ;  Prov. 

Kembang  6,  : 
bilis. 

SHggugut  b. : 
gut 


a  flower  ;  amorphophallus  varia- 
a  disease  of  women ;  v.  senggu- 


I  Thus,  in  the  Hikdyat  Sang  Samba,  the  dead  bodies  of 
Arjuna  and  his  comrades  are  spoken  of  by  his  friends  as 
mayat,  while  the  term  bangkai  is  appHed  to  the  corpses  of 
their  foes. 


BINGKAI 


[    105    ] 


BAKTI 


S^. 


J^ 


> 


bingkai.  Rim,  border  ;  the  highest  hoop  of 
a  barrel ;  the  rim  of  a  shield ;  a  rattan  laid 
along  the  gunwale  of  a  boat  or  on  the  edge  of 
a  cover,  tray  or  vessel  by  way  of  removing  its 
asperity  and  sharpness;  Pel.  Abd.,  113. 

bSnggala.  Lower  Bengal ; — but  often  loosely 
applied  to  the  whole  of  the  Calcutta  Presi- 
dency ;  Ht,  Abd.,  387.  Tiiwan  besar  jenderal 
Benggala :     the    Governor-General   of  India. 

Ubi  b, :  imported  potatoes.  Pisang  b,  :  a 
kind  of  banana. 

bSuggali.  Bengalee  ;  appertaining  to  Bengal ; 
the  adjective  of  Benggala,  q.  v. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  103. 

benggal.    Knobby,  protuberant,  dome-shaped. 

Benggal-benggol :  id.,  (intensified).  Benggal- 
benggil :  id.,  but  with  smaller  bumps  or  pro- 
tuberances. 


b6nggil.  A  slight  bump  or  protuberance  on 
the  forehead  or  elsewhere.  Benggal-benggil : 
covered  with  small  bumps  and  swellings,  as  a 
boy  after  a  fight. 

benggol.  A  large  swelling,  bump  or  protu- 
berance ;  cf.  benggal  and  benggil, 

bonggol.  A  dome-shaped  protuberance  such 
as  the  hump  on  a  camel's  back ;  see  bongkoL 

banggi.  I.  Jav.  Treason  ;  treachery  ;=  dtir- 
haka, 

II.  [Chin,  bdn-jt.]  A  kind  of  lattice  work  or 
balustrading  of  glazed  earthenware  on  win- 
dows, doors,  balconies,  etc.     Also  banji. 

bengal.  Temporary  dullness  of  hearing,  as 
when  water  gets  into  the  ears.  Cf.  bengap, 
and  bengang  L 


y\jd  bangfila.  Eng.  Rumah  bangela;  or  rumah 
bangelo :  a  bungalow ;  a  one-storied  building 
with  a  verandah. 

\i)    bangSlas.      Unpartitioned — of    an    interior; 
^-^  empty,  as  a  house  the  interior  of  which  is  not 

divided  into  rooms  ;  giving  an  open  unobstruc- 
ted view. 

Aj^    bangSlo.     Rumah      bangelo:     a      bungalow; 
-^^      =  bangela,  q.  v. 

JAj  biingglai  or  bongfilai.  A  ginger,  used  in 
medicine ;  zingiber  cassumunaar. 


4i)  bSngah.  I.  Stretching  one's  body  to  its  full 
height  when  sitting,  so  as  to  look  over  an 
intervening  obstacle  ;  holding  one's  head  up  ; 
(by  metaphor)  stuck  up,  conceited. 

II.     [Penang.]  Short  of  breath,  as  the  result 
of  exercise ;  also  mengah,  q.  v. 


4A    bfingeh.     (Kedah.)     To  hiss,  of  a  cat. 
^    bafta.     Pers.     A  kind  of  calico. 


bap,  (Onom.)  A  dull  sound,  such  as  that  of 
a  man  falling  on  sand  or  mud.  Cf.  dBbap, 
lebap,  gelebap. 

(ivAi  bupati.  [Jav.  from  Skr,]  A  very  exalted 
Javanese  distinction  ;  (literally)  a  '*  lord  of  the 
land  "  ;  a  great  noble. 

vj^  bupala.  [Skr.  bhupdla.]  Prince.  Ariya  bupa- 
la  and  indera  btipala :  legendary  ministers  of 
Sang  Nila  Utama  in  the  Sejarah  Malayu, 


L>^    bak.     L     (Onom.)     A  dull  sound  such  as  that 
of  a  slap  on  the  shoulder. 

II.  An  abnormal  rise  of  water-level  caused 
by  a  river  in  flood  meeting  a  strong  tide  and 
heavy  sea ;  a  periodical  drift  in  the  sea  caused 
by  the  monsoon.     Cf.  bah  and  sebak. 

v^    bok.     I.     Jav.      Ahobokayu:  a  title  given  to 

an  old  lady  when  addressing  her ;  =  embok, 
mother. 

II.  (Kedah.)     A  fishing-rod. 

III.  A  kind  of  carpet. 

^1}    buk.     I.     (Onom.)     A  dull  sound  such  as  that 
of  a  coco-nut  falling  on  soft  or  muddy  ground. 

11.     Eur.     Book.     Also  buku, 

Uj    baka.       Arab.        Eternal,       eternity.      Dart 

negeri  yang  fand  ka-negeri  yang  bakd  :  from  a 
perishable  to  an  eternal  kingdom ;  —  a  polite 
way  of  describing  the  change  at  death; 
Ht.  Abd.,  12,  Marsd.  Gr.,  143.  Ddru  H-bakd: 
the  Everlasting  Habitations. 

Bakd   itu  herti-nya  juwa, 
Herti-nya   kekal   keadaan-nya : 

as  for  the  meaning  of  bakd,  it  means  eternal 
existence;  Sh.  I.  M.  P.,  12. 

,3t^  bukbak.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  a  heavy  fall 
broken  from  time  to  time;  the  sound  of  a 
loudly  beating  heart;  going  "pit-a-pat." 
Also  buk  bap,  and  duk  bap. 

fjH  bakti.  [Skr.  bhakti,]  Loyalty,— especially 
to  God ;  the  reverence  and  love  of  a  man  for 
his  Creator,  or  of  a  subject  for  the  person  of 
his  sovereign.     Berbuwat  bakti :  to  act  loyally. 

Berbakti :  loyal,  devout ;  Ht.  Abd.,  440. 
Kebaktiyan;    loyalty;    Sej.    Mai.,    133;   Ht. 
Abd.,  '15,  33^f  374- 


14 


BOKCHA 


[     io6    ] 


B&KAM 


\^    bokcha.     [Turk,  bukchd.]     A  bag,   scrip,   or 

wallet;  Ht.  Jay.  Asm.;  Ht.  Jah.,  49;  a  satchel 
such  as  the  satchel  of  a  school-boy;  Ht. 
Hamz.,  19.  Birhala  semuwa-nya  di-masokkan 
ka-dalam  bokcha-nya :  he  put  all  the  idols  into 
his  wallet;  Ht.  Hamz.,  15.  Bokcha  kesakti- 
yan :  a  magical  wallet,  a  sort  of  Fortunatus' 
purse ;  Ht.  Ahm.  Md.,  52. 

Bawa   Mluwam,   bersama   bokcha, 
Bertandang  desa  sa-belah   barat : 

take  up  your  bag,  take  up  your  wallet,  and 
set  out  wandering  towards  the  West. 

\jgu    bakdul.     [Hind.  ?]     A  bearing-rein. 

Ojh    bakarah.     Arab.     One  head   of  cattle;   one 
animal. 

\jL    bakal.     Arab.     Greens ;  vegetables. 
^    baM.     Arab.     Balance,  surplus ;   =  ^^ 
^^    baMyah.     Arab,     Balance;  surplus. 


^ 


LT^ 


bSkatul.  A  kind  of  broth,  Kl. ;  (Riau  and 
Kedah)  bubor  katuL 

bakS»rat.     Arab.     Virginity,  maidenhood. 

bgkakak.  A  bird  (unidentified);  Sh.  Ch. 
Ber.,  10. 

b§kahak.  The  ejection  of  phlegm  from  the 
throat ;  v.  kahak, 

bSkat.  Tightly  filled  up ;  closed  up  so  as 
almost  to  exclude  air ;  stuffed  up,  as  a  box 
which  contains  as  much  as  good  packing  can 
compress  into  it.  Penoh  bekat :  full  to  tight- 
ness, as  the  neck  of  a  bottle  into  which  a  cork 
has  been  pressed.     Also  pikat, 

bikir.  [  Arab.  bih\  ]  A  maiden  ;  virgin  ; 
maidenhood.  Baik  janda  ataw  pun  bikir : 
whether  formerly  married  or  still  virgin ;  Sh. 
Lail.  Mejn.,  48.  Orang  yang  beharu  kahwm 
sama  bikir :  a  man  newly  wedded  to  a  maiden  ; 
Muj.,  45.  Yang  tiyada  Urbuwang  bikir -ny a  : 
who  had  not  yet  lost  their  virginity;  Ht.  Sh, 
Mard. 

bSkaS.  The  impression  left  by  any  body  or 
action ;  the  trace  or  mark  of  anything ;  the 
vessel  or  wrapper  in  which  anything  has  been 
or  is  usually  placed.  Mata-nya  balut  bekas 
mBnangis:  her  eyes  were  inflamed — the  sign 
that  she  had  been  weeping;  Sh.  Bid.,  87. 
Di'pinta  suwatu  bBkas  hendak  di-buboh  ayer: 
asked  for  a  vessel  to  put  water  in  ;  Ht.  Best. 

B,  baU'bauwan :   a  scent-bottle  ;    a  vessel  for 
perfumes ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  161, 

B.  pinang  :  the  bowl  containing  the  requisites 
for  betel-chewing. 


B.  tangan:  (i)  handwriting;  (2)  the  effect  of 
a  blow  with  the  hand.  Jurutulis  yang  baik 
b^kas  tangan-nya  m^nulis :  a  writer  whose  hand- 
writing was  good  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  85.  Tahan-lah 
bikas  tangan-ku  baik-baik :  do  your  best  to 
resist  the  force  of  my  blow ;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw., 
60 ;  cf.  also  Ht.  Hamz.,  52. 

B.  tapak  gajah  :  the  footprints  of  an  elephant ; 
Ht.  Ind.'  Nata. 

B.  tuboh  :  a  garment, — garments  being  often 
exchanged  as  keepsakes  by  Malay  lovers  ;  Ht. 
Koris. 

Dari  pekan,   lalu  bMaboh, 
Lalu   berhenti  di-kedai  Jawa; 

M^mohunkan  kain  yang   bekas   tuboh 
Ganti  tuwan   dengan-nya  nyawa : 

I  ask  for  a  garment  which  you  have  worn  that 
it  may  take  the  place  of  my  lover  and  my  life ; 
Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  16. 

Bekas  is  used  in  Netherlands  India  in  the 
sense  of  *' formerly,"  "late,"  **ex-";  bekas 
penghulu  :  formerly  dipenghulu.  Tempai  bekas 
mahaligai  :  the  old  site  of  the  palace  ;  the  site 
where  the  palace  had  stood;  Ht.  Al.,  40. 

Kebekasan :  the  (painful)  results  of  something ; 
the  traces  left  by  a  foolish  act. 

bSkang.  Unbent ;  opened  out — as  a  hook 
made  of  bad  steel  which  gives  and  allows  the 
fish  to  escape ;  cf.  bangkang, 

bSkak.  The  pairing  or  coupling  of  animals  ; 
V.  bebaka  and  baka, 

bSkal.  I.  Materials  for  consumption  or  use 
on  a  journey,  whether  actual  food  (  Ht.  Abd., 
292  ;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  3 ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  28  ;  Ht. 
Hg.  Tuw.,  3 ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  49 ;  Sh.  Put. 
Akal.,  19)  or  money  (Ht.  Abd.,  12;  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  407)  or  clothes  (Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
407)  or  weapons  (Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  26)  or 
even  ( rarely )  the  actual  steed  or  conveyance 
(Ht.  Gul.  Bak,,  46). 

Bekalan :  id. ;  Sh.  Bid.,  53 ;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn., 
8 ;  Ht.  Abd.,  102. 

Perbekalan :  id. ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  142 ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  292. 

Bekalkan :  to  provide  (anything )  by  way  of 
stores  for  a  journey ;  Ht.  Koris.  Membekalkan  : 
id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  12. 

II.  Perbikal  or  pembekal :  ( Jav. )  a  village 
official.  'Adatp, :  village  law ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat., 
49. 

bSkil.     An  edible  saltwater  fish. 

bSkam.  A  light  red  discoloration  as  the 
result  of  a  blow,  cf.  biram ;  the  mark  left  by 
the  pressure  of  a  fairly  sharp  instrument  upon 
the  flesh,  provided  the  skin  is  not  broken ; 
cupping;  blood-letting;  theopeningof  a  vein. 


b£ku 


[  107  ] 


b£lati 


X^ 


S-. 


bSku.  Congealed,  frozen — as  water  ;  coagu- 
lated, as  blood.  Ayer  b, :  ice.  Hampir-lah 
stidah  beku  gBrangan  ayer  mata  patek  :  my  tears 
are  nearly  coagulated  ;  Ht.  Sh.  The  word  is 
also  used  of  the  traditional  Nile  turning  to 
blood  or  coagulating ;  Mith.  Sar.,  52. 

Beku  didalam  hati :  an  unpleasant  sensation  ; 
an  anxious  feeling  ;  one's  blood  running  cold ; 
one's  heart  standing  still ;  Ht.  Abd.,  184 ;  Ht. 
Koris. 

Hujan  b,:  hail;  Tarn.  Perm.,  27. 

bSkukong.  A  saltwater  fish  ;  chrysophrys  cala- 
mar  a;  also  bengkongkong. 


bSkiya. 

kiya. 


Jahit  b, :  a  kind  of  double-stitch  ;  v. 


bakim.     Arab.     Dumb. 

bfigawan.  [Skr.  bagdwan,]  Blessed;  for- 
tunate— a  title  given  to  certain  minor  divini- 
ties or  major  heroes  of  Hindu  mythology ; 
a  title  inferior  to  Betara  but  greater  than  Sang, 
and  used  rather  with  reference  to  power  than 
to  merits 

Seri  Begawan  :  the  title  given  in  ancient  Java 
to  an  abdicated  prince;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


JA^ 

^ 


bSgahak. 
vni. 


A  fish  (unidentified) ;    J.  S.  A.  S., 


120. 


bggar.        [Arab.  j/V-]     Hardness   owing   to 

being  plucked  too  early — of  a  fruit ;  hard,  as 
a  bad  potato  that  won't  soften  when  boiled,  as 
certain  leaves  that  do  not  lose  their  stiffness 
when  exposed  to  the  action  of  hot  water.  Cf. 
ganyiit. 

In  Kedah  the  word  is  used,  by  metaphor,  in 
the  sense  of  a  hard  proud  man. 


bSgok.     A  swelling  on  the  neck 
goitre. 

bagaimana 


a  kind  of 


How ;  in  what  way ;  v.  bagai. 


baginda.  [  Skr.  bahagyanda  :  the  fortunate ; 
cf.  behagiya,  ]  A  title  given  in  romantic 
literature  to  princes,  whether  reigning  them- 
selves or  merely  members  of  reigning  families, 
and  in  religious  literature  to  the  first  four 
caliphs,  especially  AH,  the  Prophet's  son-in- 
law.  Colloquially,  the  title  is  usually  given 
to  a  ruler  by  conquest  as  distinct  from  a  ruler 
by  right  of  birth.  The  title  is  also  given  to 
the  Gods  of  the  old  Hindu  mythology,  and  to 
the  Prophet.  Baginda  rasul  Allah  :  the  Pro- 
phet of  God,  Muhammad;  Ht.  Raj.  Kh.,  4. 

bagi.     To ;  giving  to ;  see  J^. . 


I  E.g.,  in  the  Ht.  Sg.  Samba  the  title  of  Begawan  is 
given  to  certain  evil  spirits  (Raksasas)  in  the  service  of 
Bhauma,  as  well  as  to  celestial  divinities  like  Narada. 


CuSj 


bagitu.     Thus ;  so ;  in  that  way ;  =  ba'4tu. 


qSj    bagini.     Thus;  so;  in  this  way;  =  ba'-ini. 


bol.     I.     Eng.    A  bowl, 
bowl. 


Mangkok  b. :  a  large 


n.  The  globular  masses  of  water  bubbling 
up  from  a  geyser,  spring  or  fountain ;  globular 
masses  of  steam  shooting  up  from  a  chimney ; 
the  agitation  on  the  surface  of  a  stream  mark- 
ing the  existence  of  a  spring  underneath. 
Cf.  buwal, 

III.  Jambu  b. :  a  fruit-tree;  eugenia  ma- 
laccensis. 

y\j  bela.  I.  Support;  sustenance.  B.pelihara: 
bringing  up,  nurturing  —  of  bringing  up 
children,  looking  after  anyone  in  disease,  etc. 

Membela :  to  bring  up ;  to  nurture ;  to 
sustain. 

Terbela :  nurtured,  brought  up. 

II.  [Skr.  M/a.  ]   Soldiery,  army;  see  jV  . 

III.  Arab.     A  plague;  a  general  calamity; 

V.  bala. 


"^    bila.     [Arab,    bi :  =  dengan ;  and  Id:  =  the 
negative  ta.^     Without ;  =  dengan  iiyada. 

C-^>j    bSlabat.     Single-stick ;  see  belebat. 

^j^^    bSlata.     Ikan  b. :  a  fish ;  better  known  as  ikan 
pelata,  q.  v. 

S^    belatek.     The  Java  spdirrow;  fringilla  oryzi- 

vora;  Cr.,   padda  oryztvora,  C.  and  S.     Also 
jelatek,  and  gUatek. 


v^ 


L^ 


l^% 


bdlatok.     The    Malayan    wood-pecker;     Sh. 

Ungg.  Bers.,  4.  Also  (Kedah)  pHatok ;  cf. 
patok.  Punggor  rebah  belatok  m^numpang  matt: 
the  dead  tree  falls  and  the  wood-pecker  that 
lives  on  it  is  killed ;  the  fall  of  a  prince  means 
the  ruin  of  his  courtiers;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XL,  69. 

B.  batu:  picus  tristis ;  Horsf.,  Cr.;  meiglyp- 
tes  tristis y  C.  and  S. 

B,bawang:  picus  bengalensis,  Cr. ;  brachyp- 
termus  aurafttius,  C.  and  S. 

B.  lalat:  picus  analis ;  Cr. 

B,  riniba:  niuelleripicus  pulverulentuSy  C.  and  S. 

Jalan  h.  :  to  walk  along  bowed  as  an  old 
man  whether  from  age  or  as  a  mark  of  respect. 


bSlati.  [Hind,  from  Skr.  vilayati.]  Foreign  ; 
European ;  imported  (from  distant  countries — 
as  distinct  from  Indian  or  Malay  made  goods. 
Tali  6. :  hempen  rope.  Tembakau  6. :  to- 
bacco prepared  in  the  European  way,  as 
distinct  from  iSmbakauJawa, 


b£laohak 


[    io8    ] 


BiLALAI 


^   beiachak.     L 


(Kedah.) 

fish   (unidentified).     J5.  minyak 
this  fish. 


Ikan  hUachak :    a 
a  variety  of 


IL     Common,  because  plentiful ;    C.  and  S. 

^j>*j^*    bSlachan.     A  kind  of  preserve  made  of  dried 
prawns  and  fish;  Ht.  P.  J.  P.,  Muj.,  65. 

Saperti  Mra   k^na   bHachan :  like   a  monkey 
smeared  with  shrimp-paste ;  fidgety ;  Prov. 


yr 


>)^ 


^^. 


p 


^ 


ff% 


bSlaohu.  Unbleached  cotton  cloth ;  also  kain 
mentah,  B.  kelarai,  and  6,  minyak :  varieties 
of  unbleached  cloth. 


bSladau.  A  broad  dagger ;  a  short  sword  of  a 
Turkish  type.  Pedang  b, :  id.,  Sej.  MaL, 
188,  234. 

According  to  C.  and  S.  the  term  would  seem 
to  be  also  applied  to  a  small  dagger  which 
can  be  secreted  in  the  hair. 


aSjo    b^ladu.     (Kedah.)     Burong   beladu :    a   bird 
(unidentified);  =  (Riau,  Johor)  burong  beledu: 


q.  V. 


S)^    bSlaram.       [  Arab,      balgham,  ]       (  Kedah. ) 


Phlegm,   mucus ;  v.  jJj , 


4^^    bSlasah,     L     Repeated  blows  with  a  rattan  ; 
the  bastinado. 

II.     A  river  fish-trap  used  in  Kedah. 
ic.^    balaghat.     Arab.     Eloquence,  rhetoric. 


b§langa.  A  large  unglazed  earthenware 
cooking  vessel;  a  chatty;  Ht.  Koris,  Ht. 
Abd.,  104,  132,  etc. 

Dayong  tudong  6. :  long  sweeps  with  round 
blades  such  as  are  occasionally  used  by 
Tamil  tongkang  men. 

bulangan.  A  thorny  shrub;  gmelina  villosa 
and  canthium  horridum  ;  v.  bulang. 

bSlaka.  Quite ;  thoroughly ;  altogether ;  to  the 
bitter  end.  Muda  belaka:  quite  young.  Bo- 
hong  dan  bodoh  belaka :  altogether  lying  and 
foolish ;  Ht.  Abd.,  72.  Genap  belaka  dalam 
behasa  Melayu :  thoroughly  versed  in  Malay; 
Ht.  Abd.,  50. 


the    posterior ;    the 
(by  metaphor)   the 


bfilakang.  The  back ; 
rear ;  the  hinder  portion 
future ;  posterity. 

B.  tangan  :  the  back  of  the  hand. 

Buwang  b. :  to  run  away ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

Di-belakang :  behind,  on  the  back,  in  future. 
Orang  orang  yang  di-belakang :  future  genera- 
tions; Ht.  Abd.,  89.  Hinggap  di-bilakang 
kerbau :  alighting  on  a  buffalo's  back. 


MBmbelakang:  to  have  one's  back  turned 
towards  anything ;  to  turn  the  back  on  any- 
thing ;  Pel.  Abd.,  34.  Membelakangi:  id. ;  Sh. 
Ungg.  Bers.,  26.  MSmbHakangkan  :  id.  ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Nata. 

Tulang  belakang:  the  backbone  ;  the  dorsal 
vertebrae, 

jSy^    bSlaking.      Eng.     Blacking ;    tar ;    coal  tar ; 
^      *      Muj.,  35.     Also  (  Riau )  bUangkin,  and  belakin, 
Kl. 


P'. 


j>% 


4l~5l. 


^% 


bSlakin.     Eng.     Blacking  ;  =  bilaking,  q.  v. 

bil§,l.  Arab.  A  muezzin,  a  caller  to  prayer — 
so  called  from  the  name  of  the  first  man  who 
performed  this  duty  in  the  days  of  the  Prophet. 


In  Java,  the  word  modin  (properly 
used. 


Oi^^y 


,)  is 


bSlalang.  A  generic  name  for  crickets,  grass- 
hoppers, locusts,  et  hoc  genus  omne.  The  follow- 
ing varieties  are  recognised :  b.  bSras  (Ht.  Raj. 
Don.,  56),  b.  chengkadok,  6.  daun,  b,  gambar,  6. 
gokf  6.  hantUy  b,  janiban,  b,  jarom,  b.  jongkong, 
b,  kemahang,  b.  kunyei,  b,  menerong,  b.  mupoi% 
b,  padi,  b,  patong,  b.  pikat,  b,  polong,  b,  ranting 
(phasnia  gigas),  b,  sakachong,  b.  sireh,  and  many 
others. 

Belalang  telah  menjadi  tang :  grasshoppers 
have  become  kites;  the  mean  have  become 
great ;  Prov.  Di-tempat  tiyada  lang  kata  bela- 
lang aku~lah  lang :  in  a  place  where  no  hawk 
is,  the  grasshopper  will  say :  '*  I  am  a  hawk ;  " 
a  triton  among  minnows  ;  Prov. 

Gigi  b,  :  black  teeth. 

Ikan  6. :  a  fish,  exoccetus  mento. 

Mata  b. :  prominent  eyes. 

Paha  6. ;  the  thigh  of  a  grasshopper,  a  simile 
for  a  much  admired  curve  of  a  thigh. 

Pak  6. ;  a  mythical  personage  famed  for  the 
good  luck  which  saved  him  from  the  scrapes 
his  folly  kept  getting  him  into.  Mujor  pak 
b, :  the  devil's  own  luck. 

Petai  b, :  trees  with  red  curled  pods ;  pitheco- 
lobium  microcarpum^  and  pithecolobium  angula- 
tum. 


bSlalak.     To  have  the  peculiar  staring  look 

common  to  people  with  diseases  of  the  eye ; 
to  have  a  fixed  gaze  or  look  about  the  eyes. 

bSlalah.  Given  up  to  gluttony.  Stronger 
than  pilahap,  q.  v. 

bSlalai.  The  trunk  or  proboscis  of  an  elephant. 
Belalai-nya  saperti  kepala  ular  Mndak  memagut  : 
its  trunk  was  as  the  head  of  a  snake  when 
about  to  strike ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 


bIilanak 


[   109  ] 


BULDAN 


^J^i  bglanak.  A  saltwater  fish,  mugil  cannesius,  of 
which  the  following  are  names  of  varieties : 
6.  angin,  b.  bakau,  b.  jumptd,  b.  kamok,  b.  kBde- 
ra,  6.  puteh,  and  b,  rapang, 

Mata  b. :  the  core  of  a  pattern  of  lines  on  the 
cushion  of  a  finger.     Pusat  b, :  id. 

Pasir  6. :  good  holding-ground  for  anchors. 
^    b61awa.     A  kind  of  large  sword  ;  V.  d.  W. 

3^% 


^JL^J<t 


err! 


bglahak.     To  make  a  noise  in  one's  throat 

when  eating;  to  cough  up  but  not  eject  from 
the  mouth, 

bdlSbat,  I.  A  cake  made  of  tapioca  and 
rolled  in  banana  leaf.  Also  kuweh  lepat  and 
huweh  belepat, 

IL  Striking  (in  contradistinction  to  thrust- 
ing in  fencing) ;  single-stick  play  as  opposed 
to  fencing  with  foils.     Also  belabat 

bglSbas.  A  small  smooth  lath  laid  horizon- 
tally across  the  frame  of  an  atap  wall  to  serve 
as  a  support  for  the  atap ;  the  horizontal  as 
opposed  to  the  perpendicular  portions  of  a 
framework,  cf.  jerejak  ;  a  portion  of  a  Malay 
loom  used  to  connect  pieces  of  cloth ;  a  ruler, 
an  instrument  for  ruling  lines. 

belSbau.  The  administration  of  a  switching 
by  a  man  standing  up  to  a  man  lying  down 
flat  on  the  ground  ;  belabouring. 


bulbul.       Pers. 
Bost.  Sal. 


The    Indian    nightingale  ; 


In  Kedah  this  name  is  given  to  an  imaginary 
bird  believed  to  reside  in  the  stomach  of  a 
crocodile. 

bdlat.  Any  sort  of  net  with  long  narrow  inter- 
stices formed  by  tying  together  rattans  or 
long  laths;  chicks;  the  pecuhar  nets  used 
with  fishing  stakes;  (by  extension)  fishing 
stakes  or  traps  for  fish,  generally  consisting  of  a 
framework  forming  a  series  of  enclosures  (kur- 
ong)  into  which  the  fish  wander,  being  led  or 
driven  from  one  into  another  by  means  of  rows 
of  stakes  leading  to  the  trap  until  they  are 
practically  confined  in  the  last  enclosure  and 
are  caught  by  raising  a  net  {daun)  lying  on 
the  bottom  of  the  enclosure.  The  belat  or 
net  proper  is  placed  round  the  framevv^ork. 
Saperti  ikan  dalafn  belat :  like  a  fish  in  a  trap  ; 
''  in  a  hole,'*  **  up  a  tree  "  ;  Prov. 

B,  angkit-angkit :  chicks ;  =  btdai. 

B,  betawi:  a  fish-trap  with  three  or  five 
enclosures  (ktirong),  the  netting  being  strong 
and  intended  for  large  fish,  while  the  trap 
itself  is  an  outshore  one. 

B.jeremal:  (Kedah)  a  fish-trap  in  the  shape 
of  a  square,  one  side  being  left  open  to  face 
the  ebb  tide.  Fish  are  attracted  into  it  by 
expanding  rows  of  stakes  which  direct  the 
course  of  the  fish  into  the  trap.  In  Riau  and 
Johor  this  trap  is  known  by  the  name  tuwas. 


B.  kangkang :  a  small  river  fish-trap  some- 
thing on  the  lines  of  the  b.  hUah  or  b.  bUawi, 
but  of  miniature  size  and  delicate  framework. 

5.  kembang:  an  outshore  fish-trap  on  the 
lines  of  the  b.  betawi  and  b.  klddh,  but  not  as 
large  as  the  b,  betawi, 

B.  kedah :  an  inshore  fish-trap  on  the  lines 
of  the  b,  bitawi  and  b,  kembang. 

B.langai:  a  bag  net  running  up  and  down 
six  bamboo  posts. 

B,  lengkong :  a  fish-trap  (unidentified). 

Tongkang  b, :  the  boat  used  for  constructing 
the  framework  of  a  fish-trap  and  for  convey- 
ing and  driving  in  the  necessary  piles  (turns  b.). 

Belat  is  also  used  of  a  splint  for  a  wounded 
arm  formed  by  fastening  rattans  or  laths 
to  one  another,  so  as  to  form  a  framework 
relatively  rigid  in  its  length  but  which  can  be 
rolled  round  the  arm  as  regards  its  breadth. 

'-^  bglit.  Formation  into  coils;  the  coil  of  a 
snake  (Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Cr.  Gr.,  78;  Ht. 
Koris),  or  of  an  elephant's  trunk  (Ht.  Abd., 
75  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya),  or  of  anything  of  a  sinuous 
and  flexible  character,  as  a  necklace  (Ht. 
Koris,  Ht.  Ind.  Nata)  or  as  a  shawl  wrapped 
round  the  neck  (Sh.  IbL,  12),  or  as  a  lasso 
enfolding  an  enemy  (Ht.  Sg.  Samb.),  or  as 
the  winding  appearance  of  some  rivers  (Ht. 
Mar.  Mah.).  Sa-belit :  a  coil.  Berantai  tujoh 
belit:  in  a  chain  of  seven  coils,  Ht.  Ind,  Nata. 
Saperti  idar  berbelit-belit  laku-nya:  like  a  snake 
when  coiled  up;  a  simile  for  an  angry  man. 

Mem  belit :  to  coil  round. 

C-^  bdiut.  An  eel.  Ikan  6. ;  id;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  7. 
Saperti  belut  ptdang  ka-lumpor :  like  an  eel 
returning  to  his  mud ;  a  man  who  goes  out  to 
seek  his  fortune  and  returns  home  as  poor 
as  when  he  started;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II., 
141.  Belut  jatoh  ka-lumpor:  an  eel  dropped 
into  mud ;  a  man  who  has  been  dropped  on 
his  feet ;  a  lucky  drop  into  one's  own  element ; 
Prov.  Bagai  bekit  di-ketil  ekor :  like  an  eel 
when  its  tail  has  been  nipped ;  off  Hke  light- 
ning; Prov.     Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  10. 

Jahit  ttdang  b.:  herring-boning  (in  sewing). 

L^.    balchi.     Negeri  balchi :  Beluchistan ;  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  338. 

^,    balakh.     Arab.     Haughty ;  supercilious. 
*-XL    bald.     Arab.     A  city,  a  town. 

\JL    bSISda.     A  sweet  broth  ;  a  sweet  gruel. 

^\«Uj    buldan.     Arab.     Cities,  towns ;  the  plural  of 
bald,  a  city. 


B£L:gDU 


[     no    ] 


BfiLUNGKOR 


.A 


SuJb 


bSlidu.  I.  [Port,  veludo.]  Velvet.  Also 
beludu,  and  (Kedah)  kain  baldn, 

IL  Burong  bUedu:  a  bird  (unidentified); 
Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  6;  Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  3;  Sh. 
Bid.,  49. 

Also  (Kedah)  burong  biladu. 

bSlfidoh.  Tebeledoh:  (Kedah)  presenting  a 
large  appearance ;  filling  up  the  landscape ; 
looming  large;  =  (Riau,  jfohor)  Urbeludoh, 

baldi.  A  bucket  with  a  handle;  a  horse- 
bucket. 

baladewa.  Skr.  The  name  of  the  father  of 
Krishna  (in  the  Ht.  Sg.  Samba). 

baldewa.  Negeri  b. :  the  Maldives;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah. 

b61ar.  I.  Mischievous — of  children  ;  con- 
stantly playing  truant ;  uncertain  ;  unreliable. 

II.  Membelar  :  to  creep  everywhere  in  great 
numbers,  as  ants, 

bSlor.  I.  Hardened,  of  skin;  preserved  by 
drying,  as  dried  fish  or  dried  meat ;  v.  balor. 

II.  [Pers.  j^, .]  Crystal ;  see  habelor  and 
abHor, 

bSlaS.  I.  Pity,  mercy,  sympathy;  b.hati: 
softening  of  the  heart ;  kindly  sentiments. 
B.  kasihan :  pity. 

Mimbelaskan  hati:  to  allay  hard-heartedness; 
to  arouse  feelings  of  pity;  to  sympathize. 
Bagai'bagai  chumbuwan  yang  membelaskan 
hati :  varied  endearments  to  arouse  sympathy ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

II.  A  word  used  in  the  formation  of  the 
numerals  from  eleven  to  nineteen  inclusive ; 
e,g,,  sa-bUas :  eleven;  duwa  betas:  twelve; 
tiga  bilas :  thirteen  ;  etc. 

b31us.  Free  to  go  in  and  out;  unobstructed; 
loose,  of  the  base  of  a  pillar  or  mast. 

bolsa.     Port,     A   clothes-bag.     Also  bolsak, 

balasan.  Arab.  Balm;  especially  **  balm 
of  Judah  ";  balsam.     Also   ^ 

bSlSsit.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  a  switching  ; 
to  switch  ;  a  switching  described  by  its  sound. 
Cf.  belebau,  and  belasah. 

bolsak.  (Port,  bolsa,)  A  clothes-bag.  Also 
bolsa. 

balsam.  Arab.  Balm,  especially  *'  balm  of 
Judah '%•  balsam;  see  o^  • 


6 


i^ 


balagh.     Arab.     To  reach  a  certain  point ;  a 
mark  in  a  book  where  one  stops  reading. 


balgham.     Arab.     Phlegm,  mucus  ;  Muj.,  50. 
Also  (Kedah)  belaranu 


bfilang.  Spotted  ;  variegated ;  mottled  ;  pie- 
bald ;  striped ;  alternation  of  colour.  Harimau 
mBmmjokkan  belang-nya:  a  tiger  showing  his 
stripes ;  a  man  revealing  his  true  character  ; 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  66. 

Kuda  b.  :  (Singapore)  a  piebald  horse  ;  (Pen- 
ang)  a  zebra,  as  known  through  travelling 
circuses. 

B,  berintek  :  spotted  as  a  leopard  ;  spotted  in 
very  small  spots. 

B,  chechak  :  spotted,  as  the  greyish-coloured 
wild  cat.  Siput  belang  chechak  :  a  kind  of  shell 
covered  with  spots  ;  terebra  mascaria, 

B,  kasau :  striped,  as  a  tiger. 

B,  tebuwan :  marked  by  rings,  as  the  skin  of 
certain  leopards. 

Sakit  6. :  a  disease  in  which  white  blotches 
are  produced  on  the  skin. 
Cf.  belak  and  pelang, 

belong.  I.  (Kedah.)  Tall  for  his  age,  of  a 
boy ;  over-rapidly  developed,  of  a  tree  or  fruit. 
Also  melong, 

II.  (Kedah.)  Belah  belong:  the  name  given 
to  a  bird  (unidentified)  or  insect  (C.  and  S.) 
the  note  of  which  is  heard  at  night  and  is 
believed  to  be  supernatural ;  v.  belah. 


ill    bSleng.     Jav.     Broken  pottery ;  an  equivalent 
^'       of  tenihekar,  n.  v. 


of  tembekar,  q.  v. 


{j*^.    bSlSngas.     L     Insipid;  that  has  lost  its  taste. 

II.     Sticky,  of  the   body   after   bathing   in 
salt  water. 


bSlengset.  Exposure  of  the  inside  of  the 
lower  eyelid — as  the  result  of  ophthalmic 
disease.     Also  belenset,  a.nd  pelenset. 


bdlongsong.  A  fabric  of  mixed  silk  and 
cotton ;  a  kind  of  cloth  made  at  Palembang. 
Also  longsin. 


bSlengket.     Inseparably  attached;  fastened; 
joined ;  linked  together. 


jlLruVu'^lf 


c^S^aL 


^ 


**     bSlungkor.     The   name    of   an    edible   salt- 
water fish  (unidentified).    B.  pasir ;  b.paya; 


6.  pisang :  varieties  of  this  fish. 


b£:langkas 


[  I"  ] 


b£luntas 


|y5JlL 


^ 

^ 


bSlangkas.  I.  The  king-crab ;  limulus  moluc- 
canus.  Bagai  keroncho  dengan  belangkas :  like 
the  king-crab  and  its  mate;  a  symbol  for 
affection ;    Prov. 

Buntut  b,:  a  nickname  given  to  the  lower 
portion  of  the  head-dress  of  Malay  and  Baba 
women. 

Ekor  b, :  the  tail  of  the  king-crab ;  a  des- 
criptive name  given  to  three-sided  blades  or 
pins.  Di-mana-kah  dapat  ekor  belangkas :  where 
did  you  get  those  hairpins  ?  (chuchok  sanggul). 
Daun  ekor  b. :  a  herb ;  gnettim  bnmonianum, 
Pedang  ekor  b, :  a  three-sided  rapier. 

Telor  b. :  the  eggs  of  the  king-crab.  Bunga 
telor  b, :  a  plant,  sida  carpinifolia  and  mcesa 
ramentacea, 

Yu  belangkas :  a  shark,  so  called  from  the 
shape  of  its  tail. 

bfilengkong.  Pedang  b, :  a  sword  of  very 
flexible  steel ;  a  sword  that  will  bend  till  point 
and  handle  meet ;  v.  lengkong, 

bSlongkang.  I.  A  large  river  boat  much 
used  at  Pontianak. 

II.     Harness  for  draft  cattle. 


iSsJiL    bSlongkeng.     A  kind  of  small  edible  snail. 

^y^^    bSlangkin.     Eng.      Blacking,     tar;   =   bela- 
king,  q.  V. 

yJiL    bSlSnggU.     Fetters;  shackles;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

i]b  b§lak.  Mottled,  as  the  grain  of  certain  woods ; 
spotted  (with  large  spots),  as  opposed  to 
merely  dotted  with  points  of  a  different  colour 
(barek,  q.  v.);  white  spots  on  the  human  body, 
=  sopak,  q.  V.     Cf.  belang, 

^  bfilek.  The  act  of  turning  up  the  upper  eye- 
lid or  turning  down  the  lower  eyelid  with  the 
finger ;  cf.  belek,  and  belengset. 

ri,    bSlok.     Eng.     A  large  pulley ;  a  block. 

,yiMj    balkis.     Arab.     The  legendary  name  of  the 
Queen  of  Sheba.     PuUri  b. :  id. 

ill,    bdlSlang.     To  give  a  sidelong  and   upward 
CT^      glance;    to  look  to  the    side  with  the   eye 
slightly  raised ;  cf.  jeling, 

L    bSlam.     L    Belam  apt:  a  piece  of  wood  kept 
\         burning  (where  matches  are  not  available)  to 
supply  a  light  whenever  required. 

II.  (Onom. )  ChBlum  belam:  tramping  in 
and  out;  familiarity;  making  oneself  at  home 
in  a  house. 

III.  BUam-belam :  dusky ;  gloom  ;  twilight. 


h 


J 


)^. 


bfilum.  I.  Not  yet.  Bilumkan:  id.;  Sh. 
Yat.  Nast.,  i6o.  Belum  lagi :  not  yet,  not 
even  yet.  Belum  pernah  :  never  yet.  BSlum 
sampai :  not  yet  arrived.  Ingat  antara  belum 
kena  jimat  antara  belum  habis :  think  before 
the  event ;  take  thought  before  all  is  spent ; 
look  before  you  leap ;  Prov.  Sa-belum :  until ; 
so  long  as     .     .     .     not.     Sa4agi  bHum :  id. 

Belum  is  often  used  as  a  mere  negative, 
especially  in  reply  to  a  question.  Belum 
chukup :  insufficient. 

II.  Belah  belum:  a  stick  insect,  C.  and  S.; 
V.  belah. 

balmara.  A  certain  tool  used  by  a  brazier 
when  turning  the  pot  on  a  sort  of  lathe. 


bilamana. 

bila. 


Whenever,  at  whatever  time ;  v. 


bfilambang  or  (Kedah)  b618mbaiig.  A 
truss ;  a  soft  cord  for  binding  up  a  sheaf  of 
anything ;  a  rough  lath  or  unplaned  plank. 

bSlimbing.  Ridged  longitudinally ;  the  shape 
of  an  object  which  has  long  ridges  running 
from  one  end  to  the  other;  a  name  given 
(owing  to  their  appearance)  to  a  well  known 
fruit,  averrhoa  bilimbi,  and  to  the  leathery 
turtle,  dermochelys  coriacea, 

B,  buloh:  another  name  for  the  fruit,  averrhoa 
bilimbi, 

B.  besi,  6.  bulat,  b,  hutan,  b,  kiris^  b.  kera,  b, 
penjuru,  b.  pipit :  names  for  a  tree  with  dark 
red  acid  fruits  ;  connaropsis  monophylla, 

B.  kembola,  b,  manis,  b,  batu  :  names  for  the 
fruit,  averrhoa  carambola. 

Akar  b, :  a  climbing  plant  with  lilac  flowers 
and  scarlet  and  black  peas. 


Aji   bdlSmak 


b61ombang.      The  swell  of  the  sea  ;  =  gUom- 
bang,  q.  v. 

bfilumpai.       Not  yet,   not  yet   arrived;    an 
abbreviation  of  belum  sampai. 

A  kind  of  owl  with  a  mournful 
note.  Suwara-nya  mSnangis  saperti  kukok  bSlB- 
mak  :  her  voice  was  plaintive  like  the  owFs 
note  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

j^    bfilin.     A  species  of  very  small  edible  eel. 


J 


^\;uL  bSlantara.  [Kawi:  wanantara.]  The  jungle. 
Hutan  b. :  a  boundless  waste  of  forest ;  the 
jungle;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb,;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  6,  8, 
30.     Rimba  b. :  id. 

(j-^  b61untas.  A  sea-shore  shrub  with  lilac 
flowers  ;  pluchea  indica,  or  conyza  indica.  Also 
b,  paya. 

B.  bukit :  a  large  tree  with  small  deep  green 
leaves ;  erythroxylon  burmanicum. 

B.  padi:  (Malacca)  a  small  shrub  with 
large  pale  violet  or  white  flowers;  cUtoria 
cajanoefolia. 


BfeLiNTING 


[      112      ] 


BULt^GH 


bSlSnting.  Stretched  or  expanded  to  break- 
ing or  bursting  point ;  v.  lUing, 

b^lantek.      A  kind  of  spring-gun  or  trap  for 

large  animals ;  also  ( Kedah )  pUantek, 

B,  embat :  (Johor)  a  spring  seizing  the 
victim  by  the  leg. 

B.  pangkong:  a  spring-trap  striking  an  animal 
on  the  head. 

B,  parap  ;  or  6.  parak  :  a  spring-trap  with  an 
arrow  or  javelin. 

B.  pant :  another  form  of  trap  using  a  javelin 
or  arrow. 

J5.  sembat:  a  spring-trap  like  the  b.  embat,  but 
violently  upsetting  an  animal  besides  seizing 
its  leg. 

Bintang  b. :  a  constellation — the  Hyades. 

bSlontok.  An  edible  sea-water  fish,  gobius 
viridipunctattis . 

bSluntok.     Orang  ttiwa  beluntok :  an  old  man 

with  young  ways.      Also  orang  tuwa  suntok 
and  orang  tuwa  luntok. 

bdlantan.  A  club,  baton,  or  cudgel ;  a 
shillelagh ;  a  stick  increasing  in  thickness  the 
further  it  extends  from  the  handle ;  cf.  anta^t, 

bdlintan.     (Kedah.)     A  tree  (unidentified). 

bSlantah.  Rice  half  cooked,  half  raw;  = 
jelantah  or  biji  limau, 

bSlanja.  Cost  of  sustenance;  allowance  for 
expenditure;  salary;  expenses.  Belanja pada 
sa-bulan  sa-ribu  tiga  ratus  ringgit :  an  allowance 
of  $1,300  per  mensem  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  330. 

Belanjakan  and  membelanjakan :  to  expend, 
to  disburse. 

bfilunjor.  To  stretch  oneself,  to  extend  the 
limbs ;  v.  tmjor, 

bdlinjau.  (Kedah.)  A  tree  yielding  an  edible 
fruit  (unidentified). 

bSlanda.  Dutch.  Belanda  minta  tanah:  a 
Dutchman  asking  for  land ;  a  hard  bargainer ; 
Prov. 

Awan  b, :  pictorial  or  carved  foliage;  folia- 
tion in  art. 

Ayam  b, :  a  turkey ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Ayer  6. :  mineral  water. 

Batu  b, :  crystal ;  paste  ( for  artificial 
diamonds.)  Dahulu  intan  sekarang  jadi  batu 
belanda  :  formerly  diamond,  now  paste ;  a  fall 
in  the  social  scale  ;  Prov. 

Dtmyan  b. :  the  soursop,  anona  muricata, 

Kartds  6. :  European-made  paper. 

Kuching  b, :  a  rabbit. 

Negeri  b. :  Holland. 

Orang  b. :  a  Dutchman. 

Also  holandUf  wilanda^  wolanda  and  belan- 
duwi. 


^ 


fUUi    bglandong.     I.     A  bird  (unidentified). 

II.     Too  big;  loosely  hanging  on   the  body 
— of  clothes. 


bSlenset.  Exposure  of  the  inner  portion  of 
the  eyelid ;  also  bUengset,  q.  v. 

bSlau.  I.  An  edible  saltwater  fish  (  uniden- 
tified). 

II.  BelaU'belau :  blinking — as  the  eyes 
when  affected  by  too  great  brilliancy ;  trying 
to  the  eyes — of  certain  wavy  patterns  of 
ribbed  silk.     Cf.  kilau  and  telau. 

III.  [Dutch  blaatiw,]     Blue. 

b§lu.  I.  Jav.  Belu'belai :  to  chatter;  to 
converse. 

II.  BerbelU'belu :  with  reddish  or  bluish 
spots  on  the  body,  from  sudden  cold  or  after 
immersion  in  very  cold  water. 

belubor.  A  place  partitioned  off  from  the 
rest  of  a  room  for  use  as  a  rice  bin  or  store ; 
a  locker  in  the  bows  of  a  boat ;  the  Malay 
equivalent  for  a  gabion ;  a  kind  of  limekiln ; 
a  large  earthenware  jar  used  as  a  measure  of 
capacity  or  for  storing  padi, 

Cf.  lubor. 


> 


j'.j^. 


(ji^    bgloti.     A  lath ;  v.  blroti. 


i^> 
J-^^ 


bSlodok.     Projecting,  prominent — of  the  eyes. 

Ikan  b, :  the  name  given  to  a  fish  with  very 
prominent  eyes ;  platyglossus  sp. 

biludak.     A  venomous  snake  (unidentified), 
Kl.,  Pijn. 

bSludal.     A  sweetmeat ;  a  kind  of  apam  made 
without  eggs ;  v.  apam. 


jjj,    bSludu.     Velvet  =  beledu,  I.,  q.  v. 

b^Jli    bfiludoh.     (Riau,  Johor.)     Terbeludoh :  loom- 
-^^      ing  large  before  the  eye,  prominent,  filling  up 
the  landscape ;  =  (Kedah)  tebeledoh. 


balt!Lr.     Pers.      Rock    crystal.      Also    habelur 
and  abelur,  q.  v. 

baluwarti.       [  Port,     baluarte.  ]       Bulwark ; 
rampart,  fortified  wall;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


^JL  bSluwas.     A  fish  (unidentified),  Kl. 

-    Jj  bSlusok.     A  snake-like  fish  (unidentified). 

WL  bulAgh.      Arab.      Full   age,   majority,   being 
^  *      of  age. 


BJiJLUKAR 


[    113    ] 


BfeLIBAT 


^jL    b61ukar.     L     Secondary  jungle;  scrub;  Ht. 
Abd.,  78 ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samba. 

B.   muda:    scrub    of   from   3   to   10    years' 
growth. 

B,  tuwa  :  scrub  of  over  10  years'  growth. 
11.     A  kind  of  fish-trap  used  in  rivers. 


bSlukang.     An  edible  saltwater  fish  (unidenti- 
fied); Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  11. 


w«jD  Jli    bfilukap.     A  mangrove ;  rhizophora  nmcronata 


bfilulut.     I.     A  sweet  made  of  young  kabong 
fruit  and  sugar. 

II.     Burdened  with   fruit ;    thickly  covered 
with  fruit — of  a  tree. 

iiyj    b61ulang.     A  skin,  a  pelt  dried  in  the  sun  but 
^  not    preserved    in    any    more    careful    way; 

patches  of  hardened  skin  on  a  bullock's  neck 
as  the  result  of  the  pressure  of  the  yoke, — or 
on  the  shoulders  of  a  carrier  who  uses  a 
carrying  pole.  Belulang  kering :  a  dry  hide ; 
a  synonym  for  a  miser;  Prov.  Pimidang 
belulang:  the  frame  on  which  a  skin  is 
stretched  for  drying. 

^Jyj    bilolang.     A  ship  used  by  Macassar  traders. 


0*J^ 


bSIuluk  or  b61olok.     Fallen  in  quantities  (of 
fruit)  C.  and  S.;  v.  belulut. 


bfiluwam.  A  kind  of  scrip  or  wallet  used  by 
Buddhist  priests ;  a  large  sack  of  leather  or 
cloth  such  as  is  carried  by  a  Buddhist  priest 
to  stow  away  offerings  of  food  made  him  by 
his  co-religionists. 

Tuwam  di-layov  di-puchok  apt, 
Hendak   tuwam   betul  pusat ; 

Bawa  beluwaMf  menjadt  sanii, 
Pakaiyan   kuntng,   masok  di-wai : 

take  a  bag  for  offerings,  make  yourself  a 
Buddhist  priest,  and  in  your  yellow  robe  enter 
the  Watt  (Siamese  temple), 

bglohan  or  balohan.  (Properly)  the  frame 
of  the  howdah ;  v.  baloh.  Tali  bilohan :  the 
strap  passing  under  the  neck  of  the  elephant 
and  securing  the  howdah  against  sHpping 
back,  tali  renut  being  the  belly-band  and  tali 
rengga,  the  crupper. 


Drawn,  of  a  game,  KL,  Pijn.     Cf. 


I.  Splitting,  cleaving;  division  into 
two  portions;  cloven;  divided.  Bagai pinang 
di'belah  duwa  :  like  an  areca-nut  split  in  two  ; 
as  like  as  two  peas ;  Prov.  BBlah  dada  lihat 
hati :  ( ironically )  cleave  my  breast  and  look 
at  my  heart ;  I  can  do  no  more  to  convince 
you;  Prov. 

B.  belong :  a  long  rent  down  the  centre  of  a 
piece  of  cloth. 


sj^. 

bfiluwai 

seri. 

*l 

beiah. 

B.  limang :  ( Kedah  and  Perak)  the  name  of 
a  feast  in  connection  with  the  semangat  padi 
ceremonies. 

Baji  b. :  a  wedge  for  severance,  in  contra- 
distinction to  a  wedge  for  filling  up  an 
interstice  (baji  rapat). 

Baju  belah  dada :  a  jacket  opening  in  front 
the  whole  way  down  and  not  at  the  neck 
piece  only. 

Sa-belah :  one  side  of  this  division ;  one  of 
the  two  portions.  Keduwa  bilah :  both  sides, 
both  portions.  Keduwa  b^lah  tangan:  the 
hands  on  both  sides ;  both  hands.  Sa-bBlak 
menyebelah ;  on  one  side  and  on  the  other ;  on 
both  sides;  Pel.  Abd.,  65  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  323. 

Sa-belah  is  also  used  to  express  that  the 
situation  of  a  place  is  indefinite  in  every 
respect  except  in  that  of  approximate 
direction.  Sa-belah  tanah  Jawa :  somewhere  in 
the  direction  of  Jawa.  Pergi  Bombe  sa-bBlah 
Sana  negeri :  he  went  to  Bombay  or  to  some 
place  in  that  direction ;  t.^.,  he  was  trans- 
ported. 

Membelah :  to  split.  Saperti  halilintar  mem- 
belah  burnt :  like  the  thunderbolt  cleaving  the 
earth,  a  common  symbol  in  romances  for  the 
sound  of  a  stentorian  voice. 

II.  Belah  belong:  (Kedah)  a  bird  said  to  be 
a  species  of  owl,  the  note  of  which  is  supposed 
to  give  warning  of  supernatural  visitation. 
According  to  C.  and  S.,  b^lah  bUum  is  a 
species  of  stick-insect. 

Belah  belong  bunyi  malam, 

Bunyi  di-atas   bumbong  pinghulu; 

Allah   beliim   di-jadikan   'dlam 
Schaya  sudah   berjanji  dahulu : 

the  belah'belong  is  crying  at  night,  crying  from 
the  roof  of  the  penghulu's  dwellings;  before 
God  ever  created  the  earth,  my  promise  was 
plighted  awaiting  thee. 

bfilai.  Dalliance;  fondling;  caressing.  Pujok 
6. :  flattering  and  caressing.  Chumbu  dan  belai : 
id.  Pangku  6. ;  taking  on  one's  knees  and 
fondling.  Also  balai  (Sh.  Bid.,  71 ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.,  etc. );  but  belai  is  the  form  in  colloquial 
use. 

b61i.  Purchase;  buying.  Birjuwal  bili: 
selling  and  buying ;  trade ;  business. 

Membeli :  to  purchase ;  Ht.  Abd.,  354. 

Pembeli:  a  thing  to  buy  another  with:  a 
thing  to  be  given  in  exchange  for  another; 
Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  72. 

PembUiyan:  the  purchase;  the  thing  bought. 
Herga  pembeliyan :  the  purchase-money. 


U,  b^liya  or  baliya.  [Skr.  bdlya,]  Fresh; 
young  and  fresh;  in  the  bloom  of  youth. 
Muda  b. :  young  and  blooming.  Elok  b. : 
handsome  and  youthful;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  13. 

•  ^    bfilibat.     A  double-bladed  paddle;   a  paddle 
••  •      with  a  blade  at  either  end.     Also  gUibat, 


J. 


i 


15 


B&LEBAR 


[    114    ] 


BiLiau 


j\X   bfilebar.     An 
Also  belewar. 


edible    fruit     (unidentified). 


«%-%*JL>    bSlibis.     The  Malayan  teal,  anas  arcuata;  Ht. 
^  *"'      Abd.,  286. 

Ikan  b, :  a  fish,  tetithis  oranmm. 

O^-i*^    bSliban.     L     The  ropes  which  swing  round 
the  davits  on  a  ship. 

II.  (Penang.)  A  thick  woollen  comforter 
worn  round  the  neck  ;  a  neck-cloth. 

C-*ii    bgliyat  and  bgliyut.     Twisting  ;  v.  liyat  and 
liyut, 

>tii    bSleter.     (  Kedah. )     To  chatter;  to  talk  long 
and  nonsensically. 

«JLj    belitong.      Siput    b.:    a    kind    of    shell-fish. 
^   *      Ptdau  b, :  the  island  of  Billiton. 

JuL  b31ida.  A  saltwater  fish;  notopterus  kapirat, 
Apa  kinang  pada  bUida ;  sisek  pun  ada,  tulang 
pun  ada  :  what  is  the  use  of  envying  the  belida 
fish  because  it  has  both  scales  and  bones; 
what  is  the  use  of  imitating  the  wealthy  who 
have  resources  which  you  do  not  possess ;  Prov. 

pJuL    bSlidang.      A    saltwater  fish  shaped  like  an 
^     *      eel  (unidentified);  C.  and  S. 

I  JuL    bSledok.  ( Penang. )  Chengkoh-beledok  : 

crooked,  zigzag;  =  bengkang-bengkok  and  cheng- 
kang'ChengkoL 

bSlera.  A  weaver's  shuttle ;  a  bar  connecting 
two  pillars  so  as  to  strengthen  them  by 
mutual  support. 

beierang.     I.    Sulphur. 

B.  bang:  realgar;  sulphate  of  arsenic, 

Akar  b. :  a  creeper  (unidentified);  J.  S.  A. 
S.,  III.,  96. 

A  sap  6. ;  sulphur  fumes,  believed  to  be  a 
great  specific  for  diseases. 

Ular  b. :  a  very  venomous  sea-snake. 

Lobok   dalam  jangan   di-selok 
Takut   Urpaiok   tdar   belerang : 

do  not  go  groping  about  deep  pools  in  the 
water  lest  you  may  be  bitten  by  the  ular 
bilerang. 

IL  A  kind  of  ceremonial  shaking  given  to  a 
woman  in  the  seventh  month  of  pregnancy ; 
=  lenggang  pirut, 

balerong.  A  raja's  hall  of  general  audience ; 
the  great  hall  in  which  general  assemblies  are 
held,  ambassadors  are  publicly  received,  and 
investitures  are  made ;  see  balai  and  ruwang, 

B.  besar  and  6.  agong :  id.;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 


A 


^. 


'^. 


AiMMJb 


^. 


(3^ 


C-^XJa 


bSlisah.  Fidget;  restlessness;  continual 
moyement — of  a  man  who  cannot  keep  still 
even  when  seated. 


bSliyong.  A  hatchet;  a  kind  of  axe  the 
blade  of  which  is  fastened  to  the  handle  in  a 
peculiar  way.  The  handle  is  curved  and 
bends  back  near  the  blade,  while  the  tang  of 
the  blade  rests  in  a  cleft  of  the  handle  to 
which  it  is  tied  by  a  number  of  string  wrap- 
pings. Bawa-lah  uleh-mu  bUiyong  ini  ka- 
Majapahit  persembahkan  kapada  saudara  kita : 
take  this  hatchet  to  Majapahit  and  present  it 
to  our  brother  (the  Sovereign);  Sej.  Mah,  53. 
Habis  kapak  berganti  beliyong :  when  the  axe  is 
worn  out,  a  hatchet  appears  to  replace  it ;  a 
thing  arriving  in  the  nick  of  time;  Prov., 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Kapak  menyelam  beliyong: 
the  axe  diving  after  the  hatchet  (both  remain- 
ing at  the  bottom) ;  throwing  good  money 
after  bad;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  61. 

Puling  b, :  the  tang  of  a  hatchet,  Ht.  Sh. ; 
a  descriptive  name  given  to  a  number  of 
conical  or  spiral  objects.  Angin  puling  b,  (or 
often  simply  puling  b, ;  Sh.  Tab.  Mimpi):  a 
waterspout.     Sipul  puling  b.:  a  spiral  shell. 

bSliyak.     Turning  up  or  exposing  the  whites 

of  the  eyes — as  a  man  in  the  agonies  of  being 
choked;  fixed  in  direction  but  starting  out 
of  the  head,  of  the  eyes.  Mala-nya  pun  di- 
beliyak-beliyakkan-nya :  he  made  his  eyes  star- 
ing and  prominent ;  Ht.  Hamza,  47.  Maka 
Dewa  Perkasa  pun  lerbeliyak  mala-nya  dan 
terjulor  lidah-nya :  Dewa  Perkasa's  eyes  started 
out  of  his  head  and  his  tongue  out  of  his 
mouth  (as  he  was  throttled  ) ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

bSlikat.  The  scapula ;  the  shoulder  blade ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  407 ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Di-ambil  nyawa  uleh  malaikal, 
Kaluwar  daripada  pehak  belikal : 

when  the  soul  is  taken  by  the  angels,  it  leaves 
(the  body)  by  the  way  of  the  shoulder  blade  ; 
Sh.  May.,  3. 

Ural  b, :    the  dorsal 
jang :  a  lazy  man. 


muscles.     Ural  b,  pan- 


bfilikas.     A  roll  of  silk  or  cotton  thread. 


bSIeko.     [Chin,  beh-li-ko,]   A  sort  of  glutinous 
inspissated  syrup. 

bSliku.     A  sharp  bend  in  a  river's  course.    Cf. 
bikUf  sikuy  biledoky  etc. 

bSlekeh.     (Kedah.)     Smeared,  dirty— of  the 
face  after  eating;  =  (  Riau,  Johor),  berselekeh. 


bSligU,     Jav»     The  wax  gourd,  benincasa  cert- 
/era.     Also  kimdor. 


bIjliyan 


[  115  ] 


B&MBAM 


CrUi  bfiliyan.  I.  The '^Billian^'  tree;  the  well- 
known  Borneo  iron  wood ;  eusideroxylon  schwa- 
geri. 

B.  wangi  :  a  tree  ;  dichopsts  obovata, 

II.  The  name  given  to  a  class  of  women 
who  exorcise  evil  spirits  by  dancing  and 
incantations ;  female  shamans, 

HanUi  b, ;  (or  simply  beliyan) :  the  spirits 
exorcised  by  these  females,  especially  the 
**  tiger-spirit/'  These  spirits  are  probably 
Sakai  spirits. 

III.  A  brilliant ;  also  berliyan,  q.  v. 

jJj  bSliyau.  An  appellation  given  to  persons 
whom  one  does  not  wish  to  name  for  fear  of 
the  name  attracting  attention  to  what  is  being 
said, — e,g.  when  one  is  speaking  of  a  tiger  in 
the  jungle  or  of  a  prince  in  his  own  dominions. 

jjifi    bSlewar.     A  tree  (unidentified);  also  belebar. 


4JL1   baliyah. 


f 


Arab.     Proof,  trial,  hardship. 


^    bam.     L     Arab.     Bass ;    a   bass   voice ;    the 
'        deeper  sounding  side  of  a  drum.     Also  ebam, 

II.  Cross-tree ;  the  cross-beam  of  a  rudder 
or  of  some  oars;  a  '*knee"  used  in  ship 
building;  the  bar  of  a  bullock-cart;  the  thwart 
which  supports  the  masts ;  the  hole  through 
that  thwart. 

Patah  kemudi  dengan  bam-nya :  the  rudder  is 
gone  and  so  is  its  cross-piece ;  the  game  is 
up;  Prov.,  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  79. 

III.  To  sleep — in  the  language  of  the 
nursery.  Pergi  bam:  go  to  bed — said  to  a 
child. 


^    bem.     To  puff  out  the  cheeks. 


bum.     Eng.     A  boom  (of  a  vessel). 

Jib  bum:  the  jib  boom.     Pelanjib  bum :  the 
flying  jib  boom. 

The  boom  at  the  base  of  the  mainsail  of  a 
cutter  or  sailing  boat  is  properly  pehaki  layar, 

C    bomba.     Port.     A  pump ;  the  hose  of  a  fire- 
engine;  afire-engine;  Ht.  Abd.,  459, 

Juru     bomba     kain :     a     laundry    man ;     a 
**dhoby;"  Muj.,  46. 


^Uc    bSmbaran.     A  kind  of  litter  or  sedan ;  Kl. 

ij\^    bSmbayang.     Buntar    bembayang:    rounde 

Q  *  •      roundish  with  quivering  or  wavy  edge ;  I 

Raj.  Don.,  22  ;  better  buntar  bayang-bayang, 


bembet,  or  bimbit.  The  act  of  carrying, 
with  the  hand  and  arm  hanging  down,  as  one 
carries  a  hand  bag ;  carrying  a  bag ;  carrying 
a  pig  by  the  tail ;  Sh.  Jub.  MaL,  9. 


j^    bambang.     Flat  and  broad  as  a  mirror,  or  as 
^       the  full  moon  appears  to  be ;  cf.  ambang. 

Ikan  bambangan:  a  fish  (unidentified);  Pel. 
Abd.,  127. 


i^    bembeng.     The  act  of  lifting  a  bowl  on  one 
^        hand  ;  lifting  any  large  globular  object,  using 
one  hand,  not  two. 

J2?  bimbang.  I.  Anxiety;  solicitude;  the  cares 
and  troubles  of  love.  Menaroh  b. :  to  be 
troubled  with  love;  Marsd.  Gr.,  208.  Berhati 
b. :  anxious  ;  Sej.  MaL,  97. 

Kalau  tuwan  pergi  Pelembang, 
Langsong  masok   ka-dalam  kota; 

Tuwan  jangan   berhati   bimbang^ 
A  dinda  tiyada   berubah  kata : 

my  lord,  do  not  be  anxious  about  me,  your 
love  will  never  be  false  to  her  word, 

Bimbangan:  a  liaison;  Cr.,  C.  and  S.,  (s.  v. 

bembangan) ;  Kl.  (s.  v.  bambang), 

Bimbangkan :  to  have  a  liking  for  any  one ; 
Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  11 ;  Sh.  Ul.,  12. 

Membimbang :  to  cause  solicitude  or  anxiety ; 
Muj.,  36. 

II.     (Singapore.)     To  marry;  =  kahwin. 


^   bombong    and    bumbong.     Swelling    up; 
^        rising  in  conical  mass ;  a  roof,  the  ridge  of  a 

roof;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  3,  5,  13;  J.  S.  A.  S., 

II.,  147. 

Binding  ada  bumbong  tidak :  walled  but  not 
roofed ;  coated  but  hatless. 

Bumbongan:  a  roof;  Ht.  Abd.,  251;  Ht.  Hg. 
Tuw.,  79 ;  Sej.  MaL,  33 ;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  5. 

Ttdang  bumbong:  the  ridge  pole.  Tulang 
bumbongan:  id.  Ay er  di4ulang  bumbongan  ka- 
mana  turun  kalau  tidak  di-chtichoran  atap : 
where  is  the  water  on  the  ridge  of  a  roof  to 
descend  to,  if  it  does  not  run  to  the  eaves ; 
natural  laws  and  tendencies  are  naturally 
followed;  Prov.     J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  73. 

B^rbumbong  and  membumbong:  to  rise  in 
swelling  mass;  to  swell  up.  Ayer-nya  naik 
membumbong'bumbong :  the  water  kept  swell- 
ing up;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  71. 

CLjerumbong  and  mumbong, 

II.  A  water  vessel  made  from  a  joint  of 
bamboo;  Cr.,  cf.  tabong. 


^    bSmbam.     I.     The  process  of  roasting  in  hot 
r**      ashes.     Di-bembam  bukan  throng :  not  a  brinjal 

which  you  can  roast  in  ashes ;    you  cannot  do 

anything;  powerless;  Prov. 

II.  A  tree;  mangifera  taipan,  C.  and  S. 

III .  A  freshwater  fish ;  =  pinaram,  C.  and  S. 


bSmban 


[     Ii6     ] 


b£inta 


o^. 


cS^ 


bSmban.  A  tree ;  clinogyne  grandis ;  Sh.  Bur, 
Nuri,  i8;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata,  134;  J.  I.  A.,  II., 
182.     Also  6.  gajah, 

B.  ayer :  (Selangor)  a  tree ;  clinogyne  dicho- 
toma, 

B,  Mlichap :  (Selangor)  a  name  given  to  a 
few  shrubby  plants  including  clinogyne  grandis, 
and  clinogyne  dichotoma. 

Baku  b.  :  the  knots  of  the  bemban  tree,  a 
descriptive  name  given  to  the  knots  which 
serve  as  buttons  on  a  Chinese  garment. 

Buwah  b. :  the  berries  of  the  bemban.  Saperti 
buwah  bemban  masak  :  like  the  ripe  berries  of 
the  bemban  ;  a  simile  for  tears  ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.  ; 
Ht.  Sh. ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

II.  A  freshwater  fish;  =  benibam,  III. 

III.  A  conical  shaped  fish-trap;  C.  and  S. 

bambun.  A  small  animal  ( unidentified )  said 
to  be  something  like  a  weasel  or  ferret;  a 
name  sometimes  given  to  the  (imported) 
mongoose. 

bumbun.  A  hut  of  twigs  in  which  a  hunter 
or  trapper  hides  himself  while  decoying  game 
by  whistling. 

bambu.  The  bamboo  ;  the  Malacca  cane  ; 
better  buloh  semambu  (si-bambu) ;  Ht.  Abd., 
268,  316,  317,  382  ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  17.  Senapang 
bambu  :  a  bamboo  gun  barrel ;  a  threat  which 
frightens  no  one  ;  Prov. 

bumbu.  Jav.  Mixed  drugs  or  spices ;  Pel. 
Abd.,  44  ;  =  rempah. 

bombe.  Bombay  ; —  a  place  associated  in  the 
native  mind  with  penal  transportation.  Mem- 
buwang  ka-negeri  Bombe :  to  transport ;  to 
criminally  banish;  Ht.  Abd.,  369.  Mem- 
buwangkan  ka-negeri  Bombe:  id.,  Ht.  Abd., 
461.  Pergi  Bombe  sa-belah  sana  negBri :  he 
went  to  Bombay  or  to  some  place  in  that 
direction ;  he  was  banished  (to  the  Seychelles.) 

Bawang  Bombe  :  large  imported  onions. 


J^. 


Cr. 


bomantara.    ( Kawi . 
vault  of  heaven. 


The  firmament ;    the 


c>l    ben.     I.     Eng.     Band;  a  band  of  musicians. 

II.  To'  ben:  (Kedah)  an  old  humbug  or 
joker ;  an  old  man  who  is  always  playing  the 
clown. 


biB.  Arab.  Abbreviation  of  ibn,  son.  Mat 
Salleh  bin  Mat  Tahar :  Mat  Salleh,  the  son  of 
Mat  Tahar.  'Abdullah  bin  *  Abdulkddir : 
Abdullah,  the  son  of  Abdulkader. 

bun.  I.  Dutch.  A  large  metal  pail,  with  a 
cover,  for  sireh  leaves. 

IL     Arab.     The  coffee  bean. 

III.  '  Pantun  sa-tali  bun :  a  string  of  pantuns. 
Tali  bun :  a  sort  of  ode  of  which  all  the  lines 
rhyme  together. 


w    bSna.     A  tidal  bore ;  a  tidal  wave. 

\xi    bina'.     Arab.      Building,    edifice;    Majm.  al- 
Ahk.,  74. 

jj\;j  banat.  L  Hind.  Woollen  cloth ;  broad 
cloth.  'Ainu' I  banat:  a  hybrid  expression;  the 
name  of  a  very  valuable  cloth  in  romances ; 
Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.,  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  69,  etc. ; — 
often  corrupted  in  colloquial  form  to  indal 
bandt, 

II.      [  Arab.     Plur.  of  bint,  ]     Daughters. 

iiuj  binatang.  An  animal ;  living  beings  general- 
^  '  ly,  exclusive  of  men  ;  a  term  of  abuse,  when 
applied  to  men.  Binatang  yang  liyar,  or  b. 
yang  biiwas:  wild  beasts;  Bost.  Sal.  Binatang- 
binatang  liyar  saperti  burong  ayam  hutan  dan 
rusa  :  wild  animals  like  jungle  fowl  and  deer  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  88.  Binatang  yang  jinak  :  domestic 
animals ;  Bost.  Sal. 

Cf.  banat  and  belantara. 


J 


UT* 


,Ui  bSnara.  I.  A  laundry  man ;  a  washerman  ; 
a  dhoby.  Tempat  benara  membasok  kain :  a 
place  where  washermen  clean  clothes;  a 
dhoby  ghaut ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  275. 

Membenara  :  to  wash  ( clothes ) ;  Majm.  al- 
Ahk.,  141,  142. 

II.     [Arab.mandrah,]     A  minaret. 

\xi  binasa.  [Skr.  winasa.]  Ruin  ;  destruction ; 
bringing  to  naught; — whether  of  physical 
deterioration,  moral  fall,  or  financial  ruin. 
I  hit  hati  mati,  ikut  rasa  binasa  :  to  give  way  to 
one's  desires  is  death,  to  give  way  to  one's 
passions  is  destruction ;  Prov.  Kota  Melaka 
habis'lah  binasa :  the  Fort  of  Malacca  was 
utterly  destroyed ;  Ht.  Abd.,  67. 

Binasakan:  to  destroy;  Sh.  Raj.  Haji ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  65,  216.  Membinasa- 
kan :  id. 

Kebinasaan  :  ruin,  destruction. 


^U 


bSnalu.  A  common  half-climbing  shrub  with 
red  berries,  occurring  usually  on  the  sea- 
coast  ;  henslowia  lobbiana. 

B.api:  loranthus  crassus ;  a  mistletoe  believed 
to  consume  the  plant  on  which  it  grows. 

Also  dalUf  mendalu,  nalu  (Ht.  Koris),  kemin- 
dalu,  and  bendalu. 


bint.  Arab.  Daughter,  Bintu  H-bahr :  a 
mermaid.  Binti :  daughter  of.  Halimah 
binti  Mat :  Halimah,  daughter  of  Mat. 


u:j    bdnta.     Ulceration  on  the  upper  lip ;    a  small 
pimple  or  boil  on  the  upper  lip. 


BANTARA 


[    117    ] 


BANTENQ 


j<^^    bantara  or  bSntara.     [Skr.  awanidva?^    A 

herald ;   a  marshal  of  the  court ;    a  bearer  of 
the  state  weapons. 

jB.  kanan;  b,  kiri ;  b.  dalam ;  b.  luwar  :  mar- 
shals of  the  court  with  certain  specified  duties. 

Bentara  empat  puloh  berdiri  di-ketapakan  balai 
akan  menjunjong  Utah  raja  dan  menyampaikan 
sembah  sakaliyan  orang  ka-bawah  duli  baginda : 
forty  bentaras  stood  on  the  threshold  of  the 
court  ready  to  carry  out  the  sovereign's  behests 
and  to  convey  the  petitions  of  all  to  His 
Majesty;  Sej.  Mai.,  87. 

IX;    bdntangor.     The  name  given  to  a  number  of 
medium  or  large  trees  of  the  calophyllum  class. 

B,  bain;  or  b,  besar :  calophyllum  pulcherri- 
mum. 

B,  bunga :  c.  inophyllum. 

B,  bunut :  c,  spectabile, 

B,  merah :  c,  wallichiammt, 

B.  rimba  :  c,  macrocarpum. 


Jl:Ui    bgntala.      [  Skr.  bhutald,  ]     The  earth. 
^^     '      identified). 


^    bSntawas.      Akar  b. :    a  climbing  plant  (un- 


bantat.  The  posterior,  the  anus;  usually 
pantat,  q.  v. 

bantut.  Prevention  ;  frustration  ;  rendering 
abortive ;  the  nipping  of  anything  in  the  bud  ; 
preventing  a  boil  coming  to  a  head  or  driving 
in  an  eruption;  stopping  any  disease  before 
it  has  run  its  regular  course.  Supaya  bantut 
pekerjaan  puteri :  this  matter  relating  to  the 
princess  has  been  brought  to  nothing;  Sh. 
UI.,  32. 

Memba^itutkan : 


to  frustrate;  Arabian  Nights, 


bintat  or  bintit.  A  small  swelling,  pimple  or 
pustule,  such  as  the  result  of  a  mosquito  or 
gnat  bite.     Cf.  bintiL 


buntat.  The  petrification  of  animal  or  vege- 
table substances ;  stones  found  in  the  bodies 
of  animals  and  (sometimes  but  not  always) 
deemed  to  be  possessed  of  talismanic  proper- 
ties. Buntat  gemala :  a  bezoar  stone  of  this 
character  when  possessed  of  talismanic 
properties.  Buntat  hendak  jadi  gBmala:  the 
bezoar  wants  to  become  a  talisman ;  legitimate 
and  praiseworthy  ambition  ;  Prov- 

Tuwan  empama  buntat  gemala, 
Jatoh  di-mana  tiyada  chela  : 

you,  Sir,  are  like  a  lucky  bezoar  which  escapes 
injury  wherever  it  falls  ;  Prov. 


buntut.     The  posterior— of  men  and  animals, 
Sej.  MaL,  93  ;  (  rarer)  the  stern  of  a  ship. 

B,  keris :    the  small  ferrule  at  the  bottom  of 
a  keris  sheath. 

Berjalan  berbuntut-buntut :    to  walk  in  Indian 
file  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  43,  76. 


J^  bSntar.  Sa-bmtar:  a  moment;  an  instant;  a 
very  short  period  of  time.  Dengan  sa-bentar : 
in  a  moment;  Ht.  Abd.,  13.  Sa-bMar  di- 
Melaka  sa-bentar  di-Singapura :  one  moment  at 
Malacca,  the  next  in  Singapore. 

J^  bSntor.  I.  Bowing,  bending,  giving;  also 
lentor,  q.  v. 

II.     A  small  trap  or  net  for  catching  crabs. 


j\:^    blintar.     Dome  shaped,  or  ( more  correctly ) 
the  shape  of  a  very  oblate  hemispheroid ;  also 

btmdar. 

Buntar-binchut :  prominent,  projecting — of 
the  forehead. 

Buntar  bayang-bayang  or  buntar  bembayang : 
roughly  elliptical  or  rounded  with  wavy  edges ; 
Ht.  Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  12;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  8, 
22. 

Buntar  is  also  used  of  a  beard  being  clipped 
into  roundness,  Mahk.  Raj.,  167;  and  of 
roundness  generally.  Adapun  sebab  matahari 
itu  sentiyasa  buntar  kerana  iya  sentiyasa  sujud : 
the  cause  of  the  sun's  roundness  is  that  he  is 
eternally  bowing  (before  the  Throne  of  God), 
Bost.  Sal. 


>U>    buntor.     Sated,  glutted  with  food. 


^j*^    bSntas.     Tearing  up  and  dashing  down ;    cf. 
banting. 

Di'bmtas-nya  sa-buwah  bukit  kapada  hulu- 
balang  dewa :  he  dashed  down  a  hill  upon  the 
soldiers  of  the  God ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Bentasi :  to  tear  up  and  dash  down  ;  Ht,  Sh. 
Kub. 


i^j^  bentes.  Tripping  up  an  opponent  in  wrestling. 
Berbentes :  to  lock  shins ;  to  wrestle  leg 
against  leg;  Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  36.     Also  benteh. 


iix»    bantang.     Bunting  b, :  very  heavy  with  child ; 
^        in  the  last  month  of  pregnancy ;  v.  bunting. 
Also  bunting  sarat. 

jfcUi    banteng.     A  wild  ox,  bos  sondaicus ;  Sh.  Jub. 
^  '      MaL,  15. 


BANTING 


[    1x8    3 


BUNTING 


m:sX{  banting.  I.  MBmbanting :  to  take  up  and 
^  dash  down ;  to  knock  two  things  one  against 
the  other.  Maka  tertawa-lah  Nyayi  Ramidah 
sambil  mBmbanting-banting  kaki  sBraya  bSr- 
pantun:  Nyai  Ramidah  laughed  and  struck 
her  feet  together,  and  then  uttered  a  pantun ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  SapMi  ombak  mBmbanting 
diri-nya:  as  waves  beating  against  one  an- 
other ;  useless  or  ineffectual  rage ;  Prov. 

Banting  is  also  used  to  describe  the  process 
of  threshing  padi  by  beating  the  grain  against 
the  sides  of  a  box. 

II.  A  native  sailing-vessel  with  two  masts. 

III.  Assistance  to  complete  anything;  co- 
operation ;  taking  in  hand  for  another,  under- 
taking for  another; — a  stronger  expression 
than  bantu, 

IV.  A  dock. 


ilXi    bSntang.      Extension;    spreading    out    over 
^  '      anything. 

Meja   bBrattir  di-tBngah  majlis 

Majlis  di-bentang  hamparan  sakhlat : 

the  table  is  spread  in  the  midst  of  the  hall 
of  meeting,  the  hall  that  is  covered  with 
carpets  of  rich  thick  cloth ;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi. 

Biniangi:  to  spread  (a  carpet);  Sej.  Mai., 
51.  MBmbMang:  id.;  Sej.  Mai.,  96;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.  Membentangkan:  id.;  Ht.  Abd.,  5. 
Membentang  khaimah :  to  pitch  a  tent ;  Ht. 
Koris ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Terbentang :  spread  out.  Saperti  tikar  sudah 
terbentang :  like  a  mat  which  has  been  spread 
out ;  Sh.  May.,  17. 

^    benteng.     A  fort ;  a  battery ;  a  redoubt ;  Sh. 
^        Pr.  Turki,  8. 

B,  sasaran :  a  target. 

Benteng  is  also  used  of  the  permanent  breast- 
work over  which  a  cannon  is  fired  on  a  ship, 
the  moveable  gun -shield  being  apilan. 

• 

JJ^    bintang.     A  star;  a  heavenly  body;  a  con- 
stellation ;  the  star  of  an  order  of  knighthood. 

J5.  babi :  Venus. 

B,  barat :  Venus,  as  an  evening  star. 

B,  bUantek  :  the  Hyades. 

B,  berapii :  a  double  star. 

J5.  berasap :  a  comet ;  also  6,  b^rekor, 

B,  bBridar :  a  planet ;  a  wandering  star. 

J5.  duwa  bSlas :  the  signs  of  the  Zodiac. 

B.  kala :  Scorpio. 

B.  kebesaran :  the  star  of  an  order  of  knight- 
hood ;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  7. 

B.  ketika  :  the  Pleiads. 

B.  mayang :  Virgo. 

B.  siyang :  the  morning  star. 


B.  temabor :  the  Milky  Way. 

B,  timor :  Venus  as  the  morning  star. 

B.  tujoh  :  the  Pleiads. 

Bintang  tujoh  tinggal  Bnam, 
Jatoh  sa-biji  di-Manjapahit : 

of  the  seven  stars  but  six  remain,  a  star  is 
fallen  in  Majapahit ;  the  lost  Pleiad. 

Bintang  is  also  used  as  a  descriptive  prefix 
to  the  Arabic  names  of  planets,  stars,  and 
constellations;  e,g,,  bintang  mushtari :  Jupiter; 
bintang  aUasad :  the  constellation  Leo. 

Harimau  b. :  the  common  leopard ;  felis 
pardus. 

Raja  b. :  the  ruling  heavenly  bodies ;  i.e.,  the 
sun,  the  moon,  and  the  five  planets  known 
to  the  ancients  (exclusive  of  the  earth). 

Siput  6. ;  a  species  of  shell. 

Berbintang'bintang :  (applied  to  a  roof)  full 
of  holes,  cracks  and  crevices  which  let  in  day- 
light, giving  the  roof  the  appearance  of  a 
starry  sky ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

Bintang  biniangan :  id. 

Bintang  merah  or  bintang  kuning  is  the  name 
given  to  a  climber  with  red  star-like  flowers, 
miissoenda  variabilis. 


^    bintong. 

^        bark. 


A  tree  (unidentified)  with  a  useful 


^^  buntang.  I.  Staring,  starting  out  of  the 
head,  as  the  eyes  of  a  dying  or  choking  man. 
Maka  raksasa  itu-pun  terbuntang4ah  mata-nya 
ka-atas  saperti  orang  hendak  mampus  :  the  rak- 
sasa's  eyes  turned  up  and  grew  fixed  like  the 
look  of  a  man  about  to  die ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 
Mata-nya  terbuntang  tiyada  terkelip :  his  eyes 
grew  fixed;  they  did  not  blink  at  all ;  Ht.  Sh., 

II.  A  putrid  carcase  floating  in  the  sea. 

III.  A  weaver's  rod. 

IV.  The  red  long-nosed  monkey  of  Borneo, 
as  distinct  from  the  white  [khaldsi] . 

itx:^    bunting.     Pregnant ;  with  child  : — an  expres- 
^  '      sion  applied  to  animals   and  women  of  the 

lower  ranks,   but   not  as  polite  as  hamil  or 

mengandong. 

B.  bantang :  advanced  pregnancy. 

B.  kerbau  :  a  long  pregnancy;  a  ten  months* 
pregnancy. 

B.  padi :  the  early  stages  of  the  grain  in  ear, 
— the  delicate  curve  of  the  ears  of  padi  at 
this  time  being  a  simile  for  an  extremely 
beautiful  calf  (of  the  leg) ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samba ; 
Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.,  etc. 

JB.  pelandok :  the  appearance  of  the  mouse 
deer  in  pregnancy — a  descriptive  expression 
for  the  moon  at  its  ninth  day. 


BfiNTOK 


[    119    ] 


BfiNTURONG 


B.  sarat :  pregnancy  in  its  most  advanced 
stage ;  Ht.  Abd.,  267.     Also  6.  bantang, 

B.  telinga :  a  swelling  in  the  ear. 

Mandi  b, :  to  ceremonially  wash  the  abdomen 
in  pregnancy;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  6.  Also  mandi 
tiyan. 

Bunting  is  also  used  in  the  sense  of  fceius, 
Majm.  al-Ahk.,  418,  or  unborn  child,  Majm. 
al-Ahk.,  205. 

Membuntinghan  :  to  be  pregnant  with.  TaU 
kala  aku  membuntinghan  engkan :  when  I  was 
pregnant  with  you  (a  mother  speaking  to  her 
child);  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

^3^  bSntok.  Curving;  curved — of  a  long  hard 
substance ;  a  numeral  coefficient  of  curved 
objects  such  as  rings,  spurs,  fish-hooks,  etc. 
Saperti  taji  di-bentok  :  like  the  curved  artificial 
spur  (of  the  fighting-cock), — a  simile  for  a 
beautiful  eyebrow;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Sa-puloh 
bBntok  chinchin:  ten  rings;  Sej.  Mai.,  153. 
Chinchin  sa-bentok :    a  ring ;    Ht.    Ism.   Yat., 

58. 

^iXo  bintak.  Perahu  b, :  the  name  of  a  type  of 
vessel  used  by  pirates.     Kl. 

^i;^  bintek.  Bintek-bintek  hdit :  very  small  dark 
heat  spots ;  see  bintat  and  bintiL 

liXj    buntak.     Short,  stumpy, — of  things  broad  in 

proportion  to  their  height  or  length ;  beamy, 
of  a  ship. 

Cf.  bimtal  and  buntar. 

\x:j    bantal.     A  cushion  ;  a  native  pillow. 

J5.  seraga;  6.  susu  art  or  b.  siiwari;  b,  susun; 
b.  kopek;  b.  pelok;  b.  guling ;  b,  k^mbong ;  b. 
sandar :  varieties  of  pillows. 

Berbantal  lengan  or  berbantalkan  lengan :  to 
use  the  arm  as  a  pillow, — an  expression 
applied  either  with  a  meaning  of  extreme 
confidence  or  affection,  to  lovers  sleeping  on 
each  other's  arms  (Ht.  Koris),  or,  ironically, 
to  extreme  poverty  and  destitution  when  a 
man  has  nothing  but  his  arm  to  use  as  a 
pillow  (Cr.  Gr.,  80;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  8;  Sh, 
Ul.,  36).  Bertikarkan  apt  berbantalkan  tdar : 
with  fire  for  a  sleeping  mat  and  snakes  for  a 
pillow, — an  expression  descriptive  of  the 
condition  of  the  wicked  in  a  future  life ;  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  77, 

Bantal  is  also  used  as  a  measure  for  thread ; 
V.  tukaL 

Bantal'bantal :  a  patch  of  rainbow  when  that 
patch  is  near  the  apex  of  the  arch  and  looks 
like  a  horizontal  band  of  light ;  cf.  tunggul- 
tungguL 

Salah  b. :  a  wry  neck ;  a  stiff  neck  in  the 
morning. 


Ji:^    bintal,  bintil  and  bintul.    A  stye  in  the  eye ; 
a  pustule ;  a  pimple. 

Cf.  bintek  and  bintit, 

y:^    btmtal.     Ball  like  ;  blown  up ;  expanded  like 
^"^  *      a  bladder ;  shaped  like  a  sphere  or  spheroid. 

Ikan  b. :  the  name  of  a  fish ;  ostracium 
cubicum,  Cf.  buntar,  Bagai  buntal  kBmbong: 
like  a  blown  out  buntal-dsh ;  big  outside  but 
empty  inside ;  a  metaphor  for  showy  empti- 
ness ;  Prov. 

\x<t    buntiL     A  clothes-bag ;  cf.  bolsak. 
^^y^,    buntuL     The  ring  on  a  kh'is  sheath. 


O^,    bantan,     Terendak  banian  :  a  conical  sun  hat ; 
V.  terendak. 


Q^:^  bantun.  I.  Uprooting;  tearing  up  founda- 
tions and  all;  extracting  anything  violently 
without  severing  it  from  any  substances  that 
may  adhere  to  it  and  have  to  be  torn  away, 
Di-banttm-nya  anak  panah  :  he  plucked  out  the 
arrow  ( from  his  breast ) ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
Di'bantun-nya  sa-pohim  kayu:  he  uprooted  a 
tree ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Rasa-nya  hati  bagai  di- 
bantun :  she  (the  chempaka  flower)  felt  as  if 
her  heart  had  been  torn  out ;  Sh.  Bur, 
Nuri,  24. 

H.  The  name  of  a  large  shrub  with  bright 
green  leaves  and  white  flowers ;  symplocos 
riibiginosa. 

B,  hitam  :  epipritms  malaccensis, 

Bantunan:  a  small  tree;  aporosa  nigricans , 

Q^  b§ntan.  A  relapse;  a  return  of  sickness 
when  a  convalescent  is  guilty  of  some  act  of 
imprudence.  Maka  pengsan-lah  aku  sebab 
bentan  terlalu  keras :  I  fainted,  as  the  returning 
pain  was  very  severe  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  446. 

i>Uj    bentan  and  bintan.     A  tree;  cerbem  odoUam, 
*      Pulau  b. :  the  island  on  which  Riau  is  situated. 

Alii    bantu.     Help,  assistance,  succour.     Raja-raja 
"^      pun  banyak  datang   akan   bantu   baginda  itu: 
many  princes  came  to  the  aid  of  the  sovereign ; 
Ht.  Sg,  Samb. 

Membantu :  to  aid,  to  assist ;  Ht.  Ind,  Jaya. 

Cf.  bantang, 

j^Ui  buntu.  Stopped,  blocked,-— of  a  road,  river, 
or  watercourse;  the  closing  of  anything  by 
filling  it  up ;  full  up,  as  a  man  after  a  heavy 
meal. 


br^. 


bgnturong. 

binturong. 


A    kind     of    weasel,     arctitis 


BANTAH 


[      120      ] 


BUNCHIT 


AX^    bantah.      Altercation ;    the    interchange    of 
quarrelsome  language ;  angry  words. 

Bantahan :  quarrelsome.  Bantahan  sangat 
engkau  ini:  you  are  exceptionally  quarrel- 
some; Ht.  Bakht.,  85. 

Bantahi :  to  raise  objections ;  to  find  fault ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  150,  181. 

Berbantah'bantah  :  engaged  in  disputes,  con- 
stantly arguing;  Ht.  Abd.,  257,  440. 

Perbantahan:  an  altercation;  Ht.  Abd.,  151, 
161,  182.  Apa4ah  pBrbantahan  tadi  dengan 
naga  itu :  what  were  you  quarrelling  about  just 
now  with  the  dragon  ?  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 

^^^    benteh.     Tripping  up  an  opponent  in  wrest- 
ling ;  locking  shins.     Also  bentes. 

BBrbenteh :  to  lock  shins. 

Pembentehan :  the  lower  portion  of  the  leg ; 
the  part  of  the  leg  just  above  the  ankle. 

XXi    bante.     Lying;   resting;    at  rest — as  a  man 
-    '      outstretched  on  a  couch,  or  as  a  boat  drawn 
up  on  the  beach. 


LTi 


bantai.  The  cutting  up  or  quartering  of  an 
animal  after  it  has  been  slaughtered.  Bantai 
goreng :  a  dish ;  a  preparation  of  beef  and 
spices. 

Membantai :  to  cut  up  a  slaughtered  animal. 

Phnbantai :  a  butcher. 


Xjj    binti.    I.    [Hind,  beti,']    Female  slave;  female 
-    '      servant ;    your  servant ;  I   (when   used   by   a 
woman).     Better  beti^  q.  v. 

II.     [Arab.  vi^. .]     Daughter  of ;  v.  c>^  . 

J^    banjar.     A  row,  a  rank,  a  file.     Also  banjir, 

B^rbanjar:  in  a  row  or  rank;  in  file,  as 
soldiers.  Sa-puloh  berbanjar :  ten  deep ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb.  Sa-ribu  berbanjar:  a  thousand 
deep  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Gunong  yang  berban- 
jar :  a  range  of  mountains. 

Sa-banjar :  in  a  row,  in  a  line;  Sh.  Put.  Ak., 
32. 

Banjarkan  :  to  arrange  in  rows.  Kamu  ban- 
jarkan  empat  lima  banjar :  do  you  arrange  them 
in  rows,  say  four  or  five  rows ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

Taman  banjar  an  sari  :  a  Javanese  garden  of 
the  Hesperides ;  the  abode  of  nymphs,  and 
pleasure  house  of  Batara  Guru;  Sh.  Kumb. 
Chumb.,  14. 

^    banjir.      I.      Jav.      A   flood;    cf.   the   name 
^^'      Banjir  niasin, 

11.  A  row,  a  line  ;  an  equivalent  of  banjar, 
q.  V. 

ji{    bSm'or.      Smooth  and  straight ;    also  kinjor 
and  g^njar. 


^j^^  benjil.  Bumpy,  of  the  forehead ;  covered  with 
small  inflamed  bruises  and  bumps. 

Cf.  benjol  ^bujaly  binchul,  bingkak,  tonjol,  and 
jojol. 

\^    benjol.      A  single  slight  swelling  on  the  fore- 
*-^'      head,  more  severe  than  binchul,  but  not  as 
serious  as  tonjol  or  jojoL 

Cf.  also  bBngkak,  bujal,  and  benjiL 

\^    boiljol.     Projection  outward.     Cf.  benjol,  bujal, 
'      etc. 

^    banji.     [Chin,  bdn-jt.]     A  kind  of  lattice- work 
-  *  *      or   balustrading    of    porcelain    on    windows, 
doors,  balconies,  etc. 

Also  banggi, 
ii    binjai.     A  common  fruit-tree  ;  mangifera  ccesa. 

,^ui-  bSnchana.  [Skr.  wancMna,]  Mischief- 
making,  trouble, — especially  in  the  sense  of 
trouble  caused  by  tale-bearing  or  slander ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  6,  36,  78,  etc.  Diya-lah  puncha  benchana 
ini :  he  is  the  fag  end  of  this  trouble  ;  he  it  is 
who  has  got  us  into  this  mess;  Bint.  Tim., 
22  Feb,,  1895. 

Sayang  nuri,    burong  nuri, 
Matt  di-panah  raja  dew  ana ; 

Kita   bermain   sama  sendiri, 

Orang  yang  mana   bawa   benchana : 

we  were  jesting  one  with  another ;    who  then, 
has  spread  this  slander  about  us  ? 

Membenchanakan  :  to  slander ;    to  get  ( a  per- 
son) into  trouble;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

Pembenchanaan  :    trouble  created  by  slander ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 


C-:^^    banchut.     I.     (Batav, )      Futilizing,  render- 
* '      ing  abortive  ;  =  bantui,  q.  v. 

II.  Hind.     An  Indian  term  of  abuse  [known 
in  Singapore]. 

III.  (Penang.)    Projecting,  caused  to  pro- 
ject, gouged  out,  pulled  out. 

Terbanchut  mata :  with  his  eye  stuck  out  (of  a 
lizard  on  a  wall). 


C-*:i?    binchut.     A  slight  swelling  on  the  face  as  the 
* '      result  of  a  blow  ;  =  binchul,  and  benjol, 

C;^  bnnchit.  Swollen,  blown  out,  distended, — 
* "  of  the  stomach.  Perut  bunchit  lama-lama  men- 
jadi  busong :  a  swollen  stomach  which  will 
ultimately  become  a  dropsical  one;  a  little 
neglect  which  will  ultimately  lead  to  serious 
results :  Prov. 

Laksana  buntal  kBmbong 

Pirut  bunchit  dalam-nya  kosong : 

like  the  blown  out  buntal  fish,  with  a  distend- 
ed stomach  but  nothing  inside;  Dead  Sea 
fruit;  fair  promise  but  little  performance; 
empty  show ;     Prov, 


BUNCHIS 


[       121      ] 


BiNDiSRANG 


IP  * 


^- 


JCo 


bunchis.  [  Dutch  boontjes,  ]  Lentils,  pease  ; 
used  of  French  beans;  Malay  Phys.,  165. 

banchang.  I.  Membanchang:  to  hinder;  to 
prevent ;  Kl. 

II.     To  chatter;    to  prattle;    KL,  =  meran- 

chang  ? 

benchang.    To  scull. 

binchang.  Binchang  ay  am:  the  name  of  a 
peculiar  knot  or  fastening  of  great  strength ; 
the  string  is  wrapped  in  coils  round  the  object 
it  is  secured  to. 

binchul.  A  slight  inflammation  on  the  fore- 
head ;  see  benjol. 

bonchol.  A  knob-like  protuberance.  Cf. 
bonjol,  bnjal,  benjol  and  benjiL 

banchau.  (Singapore.)  Mixing,  kneading ; 
cf.  banchoh  and  kachau. 

banchoh.     Mixing;  kneading. 

benchah.  Very  moist  or  damp;  damp  or 
slushy  ground  ;  a  morass.     Cf.  bechah. 

banchi.  I.  A  toll;  a  census  ;  an  enumera- 
tion per  capita  ;  a  poll-tax. 

II.  (Tamil.)     A  species  of  adze. 

III.  Jav.     A  hermaphrodite. 

bSnchi.  Hatred  ;  to  hate.  Benchi  dan  niarah 
dan  dengki :  hatred  and  anger  and  spite. 

Benchtkan ;  and  membenchikan :  to  hate ; 
(more  rarely)  to  make  some  one  else  hate. 
Orang  yang  di-benchikan-nya  dt-beratkan-nya  : 
he  was  oppressive  to  those  whom  he  hated ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  476.  Benchikan  sianu  pada  segala 
per^nipuwan  yang  lain:  make  So-and-so  hate 
all  women  but  myself ;  cf.  pembenchi,  infra. 

Kebenchiyan  :  a  cause  or  source  of  hatred,  a 
thing  detested. 

Pcmbenchi :  a  drug  or  charm  to  excite  hatred 
in  the  breast  of  anyone  against  a  third  party. 
Di'beri-nya  santap  sir  eh  pembenchi  stipaya  Koris 
Mengindra  benchikan  tunangan-nya :  she  gave 
him  (  Koris  Mengindra )  charmed  sireh  to  eat, 
so  that  he  might  hate  his  betrothed ;  Ht. 
Koris. 

b^uda.  [Skr.  banda,]  A  thing, — especially 
an  article  of  value.  Tiyap  tiyap  benda  yang 
morah  herga-nya  itu  dapatiyada  ada-lah  'aib-nya ; 
any  article  that  is  being  sold  cheap  is  sure  to 
have  some  fault  in  it ;  Ht.  Abd,,  38. 

Mata  benda  :  article  of  vertu,  gems,  valuable 
property  in  small  compass.  Herta  bBnda : 
property  generally. 

Benda  is  also  sometimes  used  as  a  euphemism 
for  the  female  organs ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak,,  60, 
87.     Cf.  hakL 


JCu 


bonda.  L  Mother  (in  polite  and  Court 
diction  ) ;  =  ibu'nda.  Ayah  bonda :  parents. 
Ayahanda  bonda :  id. 

Bonda   Sultan:    the  Sultan's  mother;    Sej, 
MaL,  102. 


J 


J 


4«M»%«X^ 


II.       The     name     of 
pubescens,  P. 


a     tree ;     artocarpus 
bfindari.     [Hind,  bhdnddri.]     A  sea-cook. 


bSndala.      [Port,  bandala,]     A  bandolier. 

bSndalu.  A  shrub,  henslowia  lobhiana.  See 
benalu. 

bSndawat.  A  stay  of  cordage ;  lashings;  Ht. 
Raj.  Don.,  16, 

bandut.  To  bind ;  to  fasten ;  to  bind  up 
anything  tha^t  is  cracked  or  split ;  the  piece  of 
metal  which  fastens  the  base  of  a  blade  to  the 
blade  itself  in  certain  Malay  weapons;  C. 
and  S.     Cf.  bendawat. 


JCm  bandar.  I.  Pers.  A  trading  town;  an 
emporium ;  a  port  on  a  sea  or  river.  Shah- 
bandar  :  a  harbour  master ;  an  officer  of  high 
rank  who  acts  as  a  sort  of  superintendent  of 
trade  s,nd  prcetor  peregrimis, 

Kawan  b. :  the  officers  under  the  Shah-bandar. 

II.  A  watercourse.  Gunong  padang  tasek 
bandaran :  mountains  and  plains ;  lakes  and 
watercourses ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Bandar  a. : 
(Malacca)  the  little  watercourses  through  the 
padi'^elds. 

jJUj    bSndir.     A  kind  of  gong  used  by  criers  to 


call  attention  ;  Ht.  Sh.     Also  bende. 

JCj  bundar.  Rounded,  roundish,  globular ;  a 
common  description  of  a  beautiful  breast;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg.,  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  This  word  is  a 
Javanese  variant  of  buntar^  q.  v. 


bandarsah.  [Arab.  A  corruption,  through 
the  intermediate  form  mandarsah,  of  the  word 
fnadrasah,]  A  private  chapel  or  mosque;  Ht. 
Abd.,  229;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard.  The  word  is  also 
used  of  a  religious  school  attached  to  such  a 
mosque. 


Jui    bandSring.    Jav.    A  sling ;  Kl. 


bendSrang.  I.  Tombak  6.;  or  Umbeng  b.: 
a  spear  with  a  tuft  of  horsehair  attached  to  it ; 
a  spear  of  state. 

B.  kanan,  and  6.  kiri :  the  appellations  of 
the  officers  (subordinate  to  the  bentara)  who 
bear  these  spears  of  state;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  31. 

Pembawa  6.;  a  state  spear-bearer ;  Sh.  Ik. 
Trub.,  19. 

II.     All-pervading, — of  brilliant  light. 

Terang  benderang :  all-pervading  brightness ; 
light  that  reveals  all ;  Ht.  Abd.,  363 ;  Sh.  Pr. 
Turki,  14. 


16 


BiND^RONG 


[      122      ] 


b£!nde 


<* 

t^ 


Ja> 


t^. 


v3-^ 


bdndSrong.  The  passages  connecting  one 
hall  of  state  with  another,  Balairong 
benderong  sa-ribu :  a  group  of  a  thousand 
audience  halls — a  figure  of  speech  for  a  huge 
palace ;  Hi,  Koris.,  3 ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.,  132. 

Also  bandong. 


bandang.     Ikan   bandang. 
fied);  Sk.  Ik.  Trub.,  19. 


a   fish    (unidenti- 


banding.  Match;  comparison;  the  com- 
parison of  two  similar  objects ;  cf.  landing, 
Tidak  sa4anding,  tidak  sa-banding:  not  com- 
parable in  shape  nor  comparable  in  quality. 

Tiyada  banding-nya :  incomparable;  peerless; 
matchless;  Sh.  Bid.,  10.  Tiyada  tolok  banding- 
nya  :  id. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  75.  Tiyada  tara 
banding-nya:  id.;  Bint.  Tim.,- 13  March,  1895. 
Tiyada  berbandingan :  id. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

Bandingkan :  to  place  side  by  side  for  com- 
parison ;  to  compare  two  similar  objects  with 
a  view  to  discovering  differences ;  Ht.  Abd., 
151.     Membandingkan:  id.;  Ht.  Abd.,  152. 

bandong.  I.  A  pair ;  a  couple ;  a  connect- 
ing link  constituting  two  objects  a  pair. 
Sapirii  ielor  duwa  sa-bandong,  pechah  satu  pechah 
keduwa:  like  two  yolks  in  one  shell;  break 
one,  and  both  are  broken ;  Prov, 

Balai  6. ;  a  double  hall  in  a  palace ;  two 
connected  halls;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Cf.  balai 
binderong. 

Perahu  6. :  a  boat  for  river  travelling. 
Rumah  sa-bandong :  connected  houses. 

II.     A  cock;  Ht.  Koris.,  Ht.  Ind.  Meng;  = 

mandong, 

bSndang.  An  irrigated  rice-field.  In  Malacca 
the  term  is  applied  to  a  stretch  of  many 
holdings  or  sawahs;  v.  sawah.  In  Kedah 
the  word  sawah  is  practically  unknown  and 
bendang  is  used  in  all  cases.  Tanah  6. : 
(Kedah)  padi  land.  Kerja  6. :  padi  planting. 
B.  bakau :  the  padi-fmlds  nearest  the  fringe  of 
mangrove  by  the  sea. 

bfindong.     A  dam  ;  a  dyke. 

bundong.     A  form  of  cattle  disease,   Kl ;  = 

gondong  ? 

bandok.  Nervous  or  self-conscious. 

b6ndok.  A  chopper ;  C.  and  S. 

bondok.  A  goitre ;  better  bigoL 

bandul.  Eng.     The  pendulum  of  a  clock. 

bSnduL  A  cross-beam  between  the  pillars 
upon  which  the  flooring  of  a  Malay  house 
rests ;  the  threshold.  Masok  ka-bHdul :  to 
cross  the  threshold;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  19. 


J5.  madu  mamhong :  a  cross-beam  which  has 
its  corner  cut  off  at  an  angle  of  45  degrees  so 
as  to  enable  it  to  join  on  to  another  cross- 
beam similarly  shaped,  but  at  right  angles  to 
it  in  general  direction. 

Pak  si-bendul :  a  fool ;  Kl, 

^J^^  bandfila  or  bSndSla.  Eur.  A  bale ;  a  bundle ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  343;  the  largest  measure  in  estimat- 
ing amounts  of  thread,  cf.  tukal;  apiece  of 
cloth  used  for  making  a  bundle ;  a  wrapper. 

ijOj    bSndSlam.      (Daik. )     A   vessel    made  of  a 
'      '      coco-nut  shell  cut  into  two  (unequal)  parts, 
the  smaller  serving  as  a  cover  or  lid. 

jj-i^    bandan.    I.    Metallic  taste ;  Kl. 

II.  The  island  of  Banda  in  the  Moluccas. 

III.  Ikan  bandan :  a  fish  ;  chrysophrys  hasta. 


bandu. 

panion ; 


[Skr.    bandhu,] 
an  associate. 


A   friend;   a   com- 


j-^  bindu.  I.  A  turning-lathe.  Chinchin  6. : 
(i)  a  ring  with  a  machine- worked  design  on  it 
(J.  I.  A.,  Vol.  III.,  p.  448);  (2)  the  ring  placed 
on  wood  which  is  being  turned. 

II.     (Penang.)     Passionate  feeling  ;  =  rindu. 
(3^*-^    bundtik.     Arab.    ^Bastard. 


or 


bSnduwan.  (Singapore.)  [Hind,  bandhwan,] 
A  convict — applied  to  the  old  Indian  convicts 
only. 


J 


oJOj 


UJCwI 


bgndeh. 

bende  ? 


(  Singapore. )     To  sell ;    from   Jav. 


^J 


Ujo* 


bendahara.  [Skr.  bandahdraJ]  The  title  of 
a  very  high  official  in  a  Malay  state — usually 
the  highest  in  power  outside  the  royal  family ; 
theoretically,  the  Treasurer. 

Datok  Bendahara  memerentah  negeri, 
Laksamana  memerentah   lant : 

the  Dato  Bendahara  rules  the  land,  and  the 
Laksamana  rules  the  sea;  J.  I.  A.,  Vol.  I., 
p.  150. 

Datok  Bendahara  Pahang :  the  Bendahara  of 
Pahang ; — the  old  title  of  the  ruler  of  Pahang 
who  was  theoretically  bendahara  to  the  old 
line  of  Malay  Sultans  who  ruled  in  the  Lingga 
Archipelago;  Ht.  Abd.,  456. 

Perbendaharan :  a  treasury;  Sej.  Mai.,  10. 
Cf.  bendahari. 

The  Queen  (of  a  pack  of  cards)  is  sometimes 
called   the    bendahara    by    Malays;    see   also 

munteri, 

bSndahari.  [  Skr.  bandahdri,  ]  Treasury 
officers;  Sej.  Mai.,  95,  96.  Penghuln  b. :  a 
principal  Treasury  officer  under  the  bendahara, 

Cf.  bendahara. 


iS^. 


bSnde.    Jav. 

Also  bendir. 


A  small  gong,  Ht.   Sg.  Samb. 


B&NDI 


[     123     ] 


BAWASIR 


^Ai 


AXj 


>^ 


C^ 


bSndi.  [Hind,  bandi.]  A  kind  of  chaise  or 
carriage  on  two  wheels,  KL  Kereta  b.  : 
(Johor)  any  two-wheeled  vehicle ;  ( in  India ) 
a*' bandy." 

bendi.  [Hind,  bhindi.]  Sayor  bendi:  the 
okm  or  beni  fruit ;  **  ladies'  fingers.''  Hibiscus 
esculenUis.     Also  kachang  6.,  and  kachang  lender. 

bandeya.     Port.     A  presentation  tray. 

bandera.  Port.  A  flag.  B.  ular-ular :  a 
pennant,  a  streamer.  B.  kapak :  a  square  or 
oblong  flag.  Tiyang  b  :  a  flagstaff.  Ada  satu 
bandera  inggeris  terdiri  di-haUiwan-nya :  there 
was  an  English  flag  flying  at  her  bows ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  113. 

bfindika.  The  influence  of  somebody's 
thoughts  or  words  on  another  in  his  absence, 
either  prejudicially  or  beneficially ;  the  curse 
or  blessing  of  the  absent. 

benar.  True;  good;  just;  right;  accurate. 
Benar-lah  Bmpamaan  Melayu :  the  Malay  pro- 
verb is  true  ;  Ht.  Abd. 

Benarkan :  to  confirm ;  to  acknowledge  the 
accuracy  or  correctness  of.  Membenarkan:  id, 
Maka  kita  pim  benarkan-lah  suroh  masok  ka- 
dalam  sungai :  we  confirmed  it,  instructing 
him  to  enter  the  river ;  Marsd.  Gr.,  139. 

Kebenaran :  truth,  verification,  accuracy. 

bSnang.  Thread;  a  thread-like  line.  Men- 
dirikan  beitang  basah :  to  make  a  wet  thread 
stand  on  end ;  a  proverbial  impossibility. 
Putus  benang  buleh  di-hubong,  patah  arang 
stidah  sa-kali :  a  broken  thread  may  be  united ; 
a  broken  piece  of  charcoal  is  broken  per- 
manently ;  there  are  some  offences  which  can 
be  forgotten,  and  others  which  rankle  for 
ever;  Pro  v.  Sudah  terkachakkan  benang  arang 
hitam4ah  tapak :  step  on  a  line  of  charcoal  and 
it  will  blacken  your  foot ;  you  cannot  touch 
pitch  without  being  defiled ;  Prov.,  J.S.  A.  S., 

n.,  145. 

jB.  arang :  a  line  drawn  by  carpenters  to 
guide  their  work. 

B,  mas :  gold  thread. 

JB.  raja  :  a  rainbow. 

Kain  benang  bola :  a  cloth  resembling  the 
kain  pelekat. 


r- 


^    bSning.     Clear,  limpid  ;  =  , 

IX)    bSnak.     I.     Dull ;  slow  of  apprehension. 
n.     Marrow;  brains. 


bSnam.  (Riau,  Johor,  Kedah.)  Buried  in 
sand  or  mud;  suffocated  by  immersion  in 
sand  or  mud ;  (Pahang)  immersion  in  water. 
Hantu  orang  matt  terbenam:  the  ghost  of  a 
drowned  man. 
Benam  is  also  used  in  the  sense  of  implanting 
in  the  heart ;  Panch.,  106. 


^    banti.     Arab.    Children  of,  sons  of.     Cf.  J^. 

*X»  bSnuwa.  A  large  expanse  of  territory;  an 
empire;  a  continent;  the  mainland,  as 
opposed  to  islands. 

Bhmwa  China :  China. 

Orang  6. ;  aboriginal  races ;  Ht.  Abd.,  388. 

g^    bSnuwang.     I.     A  tree  (unidentified). 

II.  (Riau,  Johor)  Rusa  benuwang :  dL  deer 
with  straight  horns ;  also  (Kedah)  rusa  genu- 
wang, 

4;j    bfinah.     An  insect  pest ;  a  blight  upon  trees. 


4Ju 


b^neh.  Seed — especially  of  plants.  Jika 
beneh  yang  baik  jatoh  ka4aut  menjadi  pulau  :  if 
the  seed  is  good,  when  it  falls  into  the  sea  an 
island  will  spring  up;  blood  will  tell; 
J.S.A.S.,  III.,  32.  Jikalau  kitdb  di-chap  ada- 
lah  bBneh-nya :  if  a  book  is  printed,  there  will 
also  be  seed  for  a  new  crop ;  ix,^  there  will 
always  be  copies  for  a  new  edition  ;  Ht.  Abd., 
288. 


*,    bani.     Arab.      Sons,    i,e,,    bant   Adam:    the 
^'      descendants  of  Adam.     Cf.  bami, 

,^5Uj  baniyaga  or  bSniyaga.  [Skr.  bMijya.] 
Trade;  commercial  business.  Usually  written 
berniyaga  as  if  from  a  root  ftiyaga. 

{J\Xj    bSnitan.     A  plant;  goniothalamiis prainianus. 

B,  merah  :  schoutenia  mastersi. 
vfSvLu    boneka.     Port.     A  puppet. 

^■^   baniyan  or  bfeniyan.    I.    Hind.    A  Hindu 
trader  or  merchant. 

II.  A  coffer;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  12.  Sha'ir 
Seri  beniyan :  the  name  of  a  poem,  also  known 
as  the  Shamir  SUendang  Delima,  in  which  the 
heroine  is  placed  in  a  coffer  and  thrown  into 
the  sea. 

III.  A  banyan;  an  under  garment;  a  sin- 
glet ;  Sej.  MaL,  231. 

^y^    buniyan.     (Riau,   Johor.)      Elves   or   fairies 
of  the  forest ;  from  buni.     Cf.     lemboyan. 


l^ 


b6nnyai.     Insipidity;  the  insipid  taste  of  rice 
or  other  food  cooked  over  a  poor  fire. 

Bersunting  bunga  inai^ 

Pergi  ka-hutan  memikat  tekukor ; 
Nasi  di-masak  sudah  b^nnyai 

Waktu  menideh  lupa  di-gembor  : 

the  rice  cooked  has  turned  out  insipid ;  when 
the  water  was  boiling  we  forgot  to  stir  it  up. 


j\j>   buwara. 
jj\j}   baw^sir. 


A  plant  (unidentified) ;  Kl. 
Arab.     Piles;  haemorrhoids. 


BUWANA 


[    124    ] 


BUTA 


j\j)  buwana.  [Skr.  bhUwdna,}  The  world ;  the 
universe.  Jagat  b.  :  id ;  Ht.  Sh.,  Ht.  Sri 
Rama.  SSri  Teri-buwana :  the  glory  of  the 
three  worlds  —  a  title  assumed  by  the  founder 
of  Singapore ;  Sej.  Mai. 


isy. 


&■ 


j-j^. 


u^y- 


LTi^- 


t^' 


buwaya.  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  crocodile.  Ajar 
buwaya  berenang :  to  teach  a  crocodile  how  to 
swim ;  to  instruct  those  already  wiser  than 
oneself;  Prov.  Ta^-akan  buwaya  menolakkan 
bangkai:  a  crocodile  will  not  push  away  a 
carcase ;  a  man  does  not  lose  an  opportunity 
of  gratifying  a  favourite  vice ;  Prov.,  cf. 
J.S.A.S.,  I.,  8g.  Bawa  lari  dari  mulut  buwaya 
masok  ka-mulut  harimau :  to  escape  from  the 
jaws  of  the  crocodile  only  to  fall  into  those  of 
the  tiger ;  Prov.  In  Kedah  the  word  is  pro- 
nounced boya. 

Buwaya-buwaya :  the  hole  in  which  a  mast 
is  set ;  the  truck  of  a  mast. 

B .  jolong'jolong :  (Riau,  Johor)  the  gavial. 
tornistoma  schlegeli ;  also  (Perak)  b.  jenjulong, 
and  (Kedah)  b.  nyenyulong, 

B.  katak :  the  marsh  crocodile,  crocodilus 
palustris, 

B.  labu  and  6,  tembaga  :  names  given  to  the 
ordinary  crocodile,  crocodilus porosuSy  according 
to  its  shape  or  colour. 

Burong  b. :  a  bird  of  the  king-fisher  type  ; 
alcedo  leucocephala, 

Lidah  b, :  an  aloe ;  the  aloeferox. 

The  crocodile  itself  is  believed  by  Malays  to 
have  no  tongue. 

In  the  Northern  states  certain  tin  currency 
tokens  are  also  known  by  the  name  *'  boya.^' 

bubut.  I.  Bubut:  throat  halyards;  Pel. 
Abd.,  108.     Bubutan:  id.;  Sej.  MaL,  127. 

II.  A  bird,  a  kind  of  coucal,  centropm  eury- 
cercus  or  centropus  philippensis, 

bubor.     Broth  ;  porridge;  soup;  pulpy  matter. 

B.  susu :  rice  boiled  in  milk.  Korang-korang 
bubor,  sudu  yang  lebeh:  the  less  broth,  the 
more  spoons ;  the  less  business,  the  more  noise 
over  it ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  74. 

bobos.  Leaky  through  having  a  big  hole  in 
the  bottom  ( stronger  than  bochor,  q.  v. ) ;  — 
used  of  a  vessel,  but  also  (coarsely)  of  a  man 
suffering  from  looseness  of  the  bowels. 

bubus.  I .  Absolutely  hairless  —  through 
disease ;  temporary  and  unnatural  hairlessness. 
Cf.  botak, 

11.  To  fly  in  swarms  —  as  flying  ants;  C. 
and  S. 


bubong.     Swelling  up,  rising  up  in  the  form 
of  a  ridge  or  cone ;  usually  bumbong,  q.  v* 


^liji    bubok.     I.     A  wood-maggot ;  a  weevil. 

Di-makan  b, :  worm-eaten,  of  wood  or  padi ; 
Ht.  Koris,  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  3. 

Berisi  b, :  full  of  weevils,  of  a  dead  tree  ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Meng. 

B.  beras ;  b,  kayu :  weevils  which  consume 
rice  and  wood  respectively. 

Bubul  b. :  a  skin  disease  affecting  the  feet. 

Puru  b. :  a  skin  disease  affecting  the  whole 
body. 

11.  Boiling,  the  water  being  boiled  with  the 
food  (in  contradistinction  to  boiling  by  immer- 
sion in  boiling  water  as  an  egg  is  boiled ) ;  = 
rebus,  q.  v.  Di-bubok  ya*m  di-rebus  :  cooked 
by  the  process  called  bubok  or,  in  other  words, 
boiled ;  Muj.,  48. 

\j>    bubul.     I.     The  repairing  of  nets. 

Membubuljala:  to  repair  a  net. 

Pukat  terbubul:  patched  nets;  Sh.  Ik.  Ter., 
12. 

11.  A  skin  disease  on  the  feet.  B.sarang; 
b,  malai;  b,  susu  ay  am;  and  6.  bubok:  varieties 
of  this  disease. 

bubu.  A  large  conical  rattan  fish-trap ;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg.  Saperti  bujok  lepas  dari  bubu  :  like 
a  bujok  fish  just  escaped  from  a  trap  (off  in  a 
moment) ;  Prov. 

Bubu  dudok  jiwa-kau  hilang :  the  trap  remains 
as  before  and  your  life  is  lost ;  if  you  attack 
one  much  stronger  than  yourself,  you  do  him 
no  injury  and  you  suffer  yourself;  Prov. 

B.  chatok  :  a  trap  entered  from  the  side. 

B,  diyam  :  a  trap  with  leaves  inside  it. 

J5.  dudok :  the  bubu  when  used  in  flooded 
fields. 

B,  kelong 
B.  tidor : 


ji^ 


:  a  bubu  for  very  small  fish, 
a  bubu  for  use  in  rivers. 


A>  A>  buboh.  The  act  of  putting  or  depositing  any- 
thing  in  a  position  in  which  it  is  intended  to 
remain  permanently,  as  paint  is  laid  on  a  wall, 
or  as  a  signature  is  affixed  to  a  document. 

Membuboh  and  mSmbubohkan :  to  attach ;  to 
affix ;  to  permanently  set  down.  Membuboh 
chap  :  to  affix  a  seal. 

wl^,    buta.     I.     Bhndness;  blind. 

Harapkan  anak,   mata'  buta  sa-belah ; 

Harapkan    orang    lain,    mata    buta    ki- 
duwa-nya : 

to  trust  one's  child  is  blindness  in  one  eye,  to 
trust  a  stranger  is  blindness  in  both ;  Prov. 

Buta  beharu  chelek  :  a  blind  man  who  has  just 
opened  his  eyes ;  a  man  suddenly  promoted  to 
a  position  for  which  he  is,  unfit.  Orang  buta 
dapat  tongkat,  di-pukul  buta  tuli :  a  blind  man 
given  a  stick  hits  right  and  left  with  it ;  don't 
entrust  dangerous  weapons  to  people  who  do 
not  understand  using  them  ;  Prov. 


BUTA 


[    125    ] 


BUTOH 


B,  biilar :  blindness,  there  being  a  white  film 
over  the  eye. 

B.  ayam  :  difficulty  of  sight  at  dusk  ;  myopia 
confined  to  periods  of  gloom. 

B,  chelek  :  blindness  when  the  eyes  are  open 
and  handsome. 

B,  chemer  :  blindness  accompanied  by  partial 
closing  of  the  eye-lids. 

B,  kesep  ;  =  b.  pechah. 

B.  larangan  :  permanent  myopia. 

B.  pechah  :  blindness  when  the  eyeball  is  des- 
troyed. 

B,  rabim  :  extreme  myopia,  when  objects  look 
like  vague  shadows. 

B.  ragi  :  washed  out,  of  a  pattern. 

B,  sepet :  blindness  when  the  eyelids  are  kept 
permanently  closed. 

B,  Urbelemet :  blindness,  with  the  eye  injured 
and  projecting. 

B.  tuli :  blind  and  deaf.  Membtiwat  buta 
tuli :  to  behave  recklessly.  Membabi  buta : 
id. ;  also  blind  man's  buff.  Memukul  buta  tuli : 
to  hit  out  blindly  right  and  left.  Pukul  b. 
also  means  to  stumble  accidentally  on  good 
fortune. 

Malam  b. :  a  pitch-dark  night ;  Ht.  Koris  ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Perigi  b. :  a  well  without  water.  ^ 

Wang  b, :  wasted  money. 

Butahan :  to  blind,  Sh.  Ibl.,  9.  Membutakan  : 
id.;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  375;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  33. 

Membuta  :  (i)  to  blind,  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  105  ; 
(2)  to  sleep,  expressed  coarsely. 

Merbuta  :  (or  simply  buta)  silent  of  the  letter 
«>,  t,  e,  A  instead  of  I.  But  this  expression 
is  sometimes  used  of  a  letter  having  the  central 
portion  filled  up  instead  of  being  left  open. 
£mpat  puloh  huruf  mint  dengan  tiyada  buta 
huruf-nya :  forty  minis  written  so  as  not  to 
cover  the  centre  of  the  initial  loop  of  the  letter ; 
Muj.,  25. 

n.  Skr.  An  ogre;  a  goblin;  a  man-eating 
demon  ; — practically  identical  with  a  raksasa  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  154 ;  Ht.  Koris ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.' ;  Sh. 
A.  R.  S.  J.,  9 ;  Cr.  Gr.,  55,  etc.  Sometimes 
pronounced  bota, 

ni.  Buta-buta:  a  tree,  cerbera  odollam ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  203;  Ht.  Koris,  438;  Ind.  Nata,  246. 
Also  bebuta. 

Buta-buta  darat ;  alstonia  macrophylla. 

IV.  China  buta  :  [Skr. — but  fancifully  con- 
nected with  buta  I.  by  indecently  minded 
Malays.]  The  name  given  to  the  muhalliU  a 
temporary  or  intermediate  husband,  married 
to  a  fully  divorced  woman  whom  her  former 
spouse  wishes  to  remarry — such  a  remarriage 
being  only  permissible  after  an  intermediate 
marriage  with  a  third  party  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samba, 
80. 


Oj?    buwat.     Performance;   doing;  making;  con- 
structing. 

Buwat-buwat :  make-beheve ;  pretence  ;  to 
pretend  ;  Ht.  Fut.  Sh.,  158.  Bukan^nya  latah 
di 'buwat-buwat :  it  is  not  hysteria,  it  is  only 
pretence. 

Buwatan;  Rtid  perbuwatan :  make,  construc- 
tion. Pedang  per  buwatan  Siyam  :  a  sword  of 
Siamese  make.  Bukan  buwatan :  confusedly ; 
=  ta'-ketahuwan, 

Buwatkan  :  berbuwat ;  membuwat ;  membuwat- 
kan  ;  d.nd  perbuwatkan :  to  make,  to  construct. 

J^j>    butala.     [Skr.  bhutdld.]     The  earth. 

J^j)  butir.  A  grain;  a  particle;  an  idiomatic 
numeral  coefficient  for  small  round  objects 
such  as  gems  (Bint.  Tim.,  23  Jan.,  1895); 
slugs,  (Ht.  Abd.,  69),  etc. 

Jj)  butor.  Kachang  6. ;  a  cultivated  bean  with 
winged  pods  ;  psophocarpus  tetragonolobus ;  Ht. 
Sh,     Also  kachang  botol,  and  kachang  kotor, 

^    butang.     Eur.     A  button ;  a  knot  used  as  a 
^         button  ;  =  kanching  baju» 

Sa-perangguwan  b, :  a  set  of  buttons  or  studs. 

Rumput  b, :  a  name  given  to  two  plants : 
eriocaulon  sexangulare,  and  rhyncospora  walli- 
chiana, 

A  kar  butang  bunga :  a  climber ;  lettsoma 
maingayi. 

^jj^    botak.     I.     Baldness  at  the  back  of  the  head; 

a  bald  patch  on  the  crown  of  the  head.     Cf. 
bubus. 

Hela  rabut  tarek  sentak, 
Rambut  panjang   mBnjadi   botak  : 

pull  and  clutch,  tug  and  pluck,  and  the  long- 
haired one  will  soon  be  bald. 

n.    Jav.     Extremely  turbid,  of  water;  cf. 

keroh  and  bukat. 

b^    botol.     I.     Eng.     Bottle;  flask;  Ht.  Abd., 88, 
^-^'      284,  292. 

H.  Kachang  botol:  a  cultivated  bean, 
psophocarpus  tetragonolobus ;  also  kachang  kotor 
and  kachans^  botol. 


^jJ^    botan.     The  rose  peony. 
•J*)    butlin.     A  plant ;  barringtonia^  sp. 


yy. 


butu.     (Coarse.)     The  penis  ;  also  butoh,  q.  v. 


«C^    butih.     A  grain,  a  particle  ;  Muj.,  89  ;  better 
butir,  q.  v, 

aJ^    butoh.     (Coarse.)     The  penis. 


BOJOT 


[    126    ] 


BODOK 


r-ji 


j^y- 


cr^ 


bojot.     Entangled,    knotted — of   a    piece    of 
string  ;  beyond  disentanglement.     Cf,  kusut. 

Bojot  (in  Pahang)  is  also  used  of  the  slipping 
of  the  string  on  a  top ;  C,  and  S. 


bujor.  I.  Extension  of  length  relative  to 
breadth  —  in  curved  figures.  Bujor  lalu  lin- 
tang  paiah :  the  straight  get  through,  those 
which  fall  athwart  it  are  broken  (and  get 
through  in  pieces) ;  all  is  fish  that  comes  to 
his  net.  Bujor  btdat :  elliptical.  B.  telor : 
oval.  Lintang  6. ;  diagonal ;  Cr.  Gr.,  63 ;  Pel. 
Abd.,  127;  Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  4.  B.songsang: 
a  figure  something  like  two  ellipses  with  their 
major  axes  at  right  angles  to  each  other. 
Muka  6. ;  oval,  as  opposed  to  round  faced ; 
Ht.  Ind,  Meng.     Rtipa  b. :  id.     Ht,  Sh.  Kub. 

B.  sireh :  a  plant  something  like  the  sireh 
vine  ;  shaped  like  the  leaf  of  this  plant. 

Palas  6, :  (i)  a  kind  of  tree ;  (2)  the  fore-mast 
platform. 

Berbujor  jari :  to  spread  out  the  hands,  the 
finger  of  one  resting  against  the  corresponding 
finger  in  the  other;  Sh.  Peng.,  23. 

11.     Unlucky;  see  mnjor. 


bujang.  [Skr.  bhijdngga,]  The  single,  as 
opposed  to  the  married,  state ;  a  person  not 
actually  in  the  state  of  matrimony;  an  un- 
married, divorced  or  widowed  person.  Mm- 
gapa  tiyada  kahwtn,  korang  baik  tinggal  bujang  : 
why  don't  you  marry  ?  It  is  not  well  to  remain 
a  bachelor;  Ht.  Abd.,  175.  Bukan-kahhilang 
kerajaan-mu  dan  bim-niu  tinggal  bujang :  will 
not  your  empire  perish  and  your  wife  be 
widowed  ?     Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Kalau   ta'-dapat   bagai  di-hatiy 
Biyar   bnjang  sampai  ka-mati  : 

if  one  cannot  win  one's  heart's  desire  it  were 
well  to  remain  unmarried  till  death  ;  Prov. 

B,  bela  anak :  a  widower  with  a  daughter. 

J5.  serong :  a  bachelor  in  name  only. 

jB.  talang :  a  childless  widower ;  a  lonely 
bachelor. 

Balai  perbujangan :  a  caravanserai  or  rest- 
house  for  passing  strangers  (according  to  Pijn- 
appel).  Pebujangan  :  a  bridal  bed,  a  state  bed 
(according  to  Klinkert.)  Neither  translation 
meets  all  cases  and  the  expression  is  not  in 
colloquial  use.  It  occurs:  (balai pebujangan,) 
Ht.  Koris;  (thnpaUnya  pebujangan  raja)  Ht. 
Jay.  Lengg. ;  ( lanchang  mas  pebujangan)  Sej. 
Mai.,  38  ;  ( bermain  pebujangan)  Ht.  Ism.  Yat., 

56. 


f^ji    bujing.     A  tree  (unidentified). 


^^yt  bujok.  I.  Coaxing;  wheedling;  calming; 
allaying  annoyance  or  irritation  with  tender 
language ;  soothing ;  —  of  a  lover  assuring  his 
mistress  of  his  affection  (Ht.  Sg.  Samb.)-,  or 
of  a  person  calming  a  crying  child  (  Ht.  Abd., 
15),  or  of  an  old  nurse  soothing  an  excited  girl 
(Ht.  Sg.  Samb.). 

Membujok  :  to  calm,  to  soothe,  to  allay  vexa- 
tion or  distress;  Marsd.  Gr.,  209;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  129,  130. 

Also  pujok, 

II.  A  large  aruwan  fish;  a  mudfish  of  rela- 
tively large  size,  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  11 ;  =  scolopsis 

ciliatm  ? 

Saperti  bujok  lepas  dart  bubu :  like  a  bujok  fish 
escaped  from  a  fish-trap ;  making  off  at  full 
speed;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  145. 


A-y^ 


fe-^ 


<3ry 

3^y 


bujal.  Projection  outwards  (of  the  navel). 
Cf.  bonjol  and  benjoL 

bujam.  A  pouch  of  mengkuwang  leaves  ;  a 
sack  something  like  a  karong  but  of  very  small 
size. 

bochor.  Leakiness  ;  leaking  through  several 
small  crevices ;  leaky,  as  a  boat ;  not  water- 
tight, of  a  roof.  Cf.  bobos  (which  refers  to 
one  big  hole  or  leak),  and  tiris. 

Bochor-bachir  :  very  leaky,  always  running 
(used  of  a  person  suffering  from  looseness  of 
the  bowels) ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Membunoh  b.:  to  stop  a  leak.  Mulut  6. :  a 
babbler  ;  a  man  who  cannot  keep  anything  to 
himself. 

bochong.  An  earthenware  vessel  shaped 
something  like  an  hour-glass,  i,e,  narrow  in 
the  centre. 

B,  telor  buwaya  :  a  variety  of  this  vessel ;  a 
bottle  with  a  rounded  bottom,  so  that  it  does 
not  easily  stand  erect. 

bochak.     Mouldy,  decayed,  rotten  ;  Kl. 

bochok.  A  sort  of  awning  suspended  over  a 
child's  cradle ;  Pijn. 

buchuk.  I.  A  protuberance  or  knot  on  an 
old  tree  trunk ;  cf.  buku. 

II.     Ikan  buchuk  :  a  fish,  scolopsis  ciliatus, 

buchu.  A  slight  projection  or  projecting 
point ;  a  corner  or  angle.  Pada  tiyap4iyap 
satu  buchu  satu  papan :  a  plank  at  each  corner ; 
Muj.,  18. 

bochah.     Jav.     A  boy  or  girl ;  =  budak^  q.  v. 
bodok.     Eng.     A  gaff,  a  boat-hook. 


BUDAK 


[    127    ] 


BORAK 


^j^j>  budak.  A  boy  ;  a  young  lad  or  girl ;  —  more 
than  a  mere  child  but  not  yet  marriageable. 
Budak- budak  perimpuwan  :  girls.  Engkau  bu- 
dak'hudak  :  you  are  only  a  boy,  Akubukan 
budak'hudak  makanpisang :  I  am  not  a  banana- 
eating  boy ;  I  am  not  to  be  taken  in  ;  Prov. 

Budak  raja  :  (Pahang)  the  retinue  of  a  raja. 

Kebudak-budakan :  sexual  immaturity;  sexual 
ignorance;  —  e,  g.  of  an  immature  boy, 
Ht.  Sh.,  or  of  a  girl  who,  though  married, 
takes  no  pleasure  in  her  husband's  caresses, 
Ht.   Ind.   Meng. ;   Ht.  Mas.  Ed. ;    Ht.  Perb. 

Jay. 

^J^J>    budok.     Tertiary  syphilis  ;  advanced  stages  of 
leprosy. 

ft^y^    budu.     Small  fish  pickled  in  brine  with  their 
^  scales  and  entrails.      Kalau  ku  buka  tempayan 

budUy  biharu  di-tahu  :  if  I  open  the  pickle  jar 
people  will  know  its  contents ;  if  I  reveal  this 
secret,  people  will  know  your  character  (used 
of  unsavoury  revelations) ;  Prov. 

o^aJ    bodoh.      Stupid  ;  dullwitted  ;   dull  in  intelli- 
■^*      gence  or  understanding. 

Yu  b. :   a  species  of  shark  which  allows  itself 
to  be  caught  very  easily. 
Kebodohan  :  dullness  of  wit ;  stupidity. 

^^a>    bodi.     [Skr.  bodhi,]     Daun  bodi :  the  leaves  of 

"  the  Peepul  tree  (ficus  religiosa )  ;    a  pattern 

much  used  in  fringes  and  ornamental  flowers  ; 

Ht.  Koris.,  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.;  Ht. 

Pg.  Ptg.     Also  btidi, 

i<^0j  budi.  I.  [Skr.  biiddhi,]  Wisdom ;  under- 
-  -^  standing;  disposition;  turn  of  mind;  discre- 
tion. ^Akal  b.  or  b,  bichara:  id.  Hilang  b, :  the 
loss  of  discretion ;  the  throwing  of  prudence 
to  the  winds  under  the  influence  of  overmaster- 
ing passion.  Hutang  mas  buleh  di-bayar,  hutang 
btidi  di'bawa  mati :  a  debt  of  money  may  be 
paid,  a  debt  of  kindness  endures  till  death ; 
Prov.  Mati  ikan  kerana  umpan,  mati  sehaya 
kerana  budi :  fish  perish  through  bait ;  I 
perish  through  your  graciousness. 

Korang  b, :  want  of  discretion. 

Berbudi :  discreet ;  prudent. 

n.     See  bodif  supra. 

^  bora  or  bura.  Forcibly  spitting  out,  eject- 
^^  ing,  or  throwing.  Tersilap  sadikit  terkena 
biira  :  make  a  slight  mistake  and  you  will  be 
pilloried  for  it;  Bint.  Tim.,  16  Jan.,  1895. 
Sudah  bura :  (Singapore)  he  has  been  kicked 
out ;  he  has  absconded.  Membura  :  to  bom- 
bard, to  pelt. 

Ular  naga  bora  :  (Kedah)  a  snake  believed  to 
poison  by  spitting  out  its  venom  on  its  as- 
sailants; =  (Riau,  Johor)  ular  mura.  This 
snake  may  be  naia  sputairix,  but  was  identified 
by  Malays  in  my  presence  as  lachesis 
purpureomaculaius . 


tJljjJ  burit.  The  posterior  of  men  and  animals ;  the 
stern ;  the  fundament.  Tidak  ketahuwan  kepala 
dan  burit :  he  could  not  make  out  head  from 
tail;  he  could  not  tell  the  top  from  the 
bottom;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Buritan :    the  stern  of  a  ship.      B^rgilir  ka- 
buritan :  to  wear  ship;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  41. 

Memburit :  to  commit  an  unnatural  offence. 

Shnburit :  sodomy. 

Cjjj>    burnt.     Hydrocele;  Muj.,  65,  70. 


u^jy^ 


boros.     I.     A  tree  with  edible  fruit ;    Kl. ;  = 

alstonia  macrophylla  ? 

n.  A  fragrant  cosmetic ;  the  process  of  rub- 
bing this  cosmetic  on  the  body ;  =  boreh  ? 

HI.  Giving  out,  letting  go,  playing  out 
rope ;  (by  metaphor)  profuse,  prodigal,  extra- 
vagant. Orang  yang  boros  tiyada  mlmikh,  yang 
niana  terlintas  semuwa  di-beli :  a  prodigal  knows 
no  discrimination;  he  buys  everything  he 
comes  across ;  (from  a  Pantun.)     Cf.  borong. 

burus.     Withered ;  dried  up  —  of  trees. 


c.  .J    borang.     Jav.     A  caltrop;  =  ranjauy  q.  v. 

oreng.       Pinang  boreng :    a  palm, 
Malay  ana. 
Pinang  boreng  padi  :  pi7tanga  disticha. 


9- J  J    boreng.       Pinang  boreng:    a  palm,  pinanga 
^  Malay  ana. 


t  ^    borong.     Wholesale ;  by  the  gross. 

Memborong ;  or  membeli  borong  :  to  buy  up 
wholesale,  to  create  a  *' corner";  to  buy  for 
a  monopoly ;  to  make  a  bargain  by  hiring  or 
renting  a  boat  or  any  other  property  for  any 
length  of  time. 

t  »^    burong.     The   generic   name   for    birds ;    cf. 
^         unggas. 

B.  dewata  :  the  bird  of  paradise.  B,  gereja  : 
the  house  sparrow.     B.  hantu :  an  owl. 

Burong  is  used  for  the  penis  in  the  Naning 
districts  of  Malacca  and  in  the  Negri 
Sembilan,  and  its  use  in  those  states  should 
be  abandoned  and  unggas  employed. 

Ringgit  b. :  the  Mexican  dollar, 

J[2?^    borak.      I.      Inadhesive,    loose — of   tobacco. 
Also  bcborak. 

H.  [Ar.  j\/  :  the  animal  upon  which  Mu- 
hammad made  his  journey  to  heaven.]  A 
mysterious  flying  animal  endowed  with 
supernatural  powers.  BirUndavaan  di-atas 
borak  jenggala :  riding  upon  wild  bovaks;  Ht. 
Ind.  Meng.  Ada  yang  di-atas  borak  paksi 
melayang:  some  were  riding  upon  winged 
bird-6omfts;  Ht.  Koris.  MakaGantasuramen- 
jadikan  diri-nya  borak :  Gantasura  turned 
himself  into  a  borak;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 


BOREK 


[    laS    ] 


BUSAR 


3jM 


d^ 


Minaiki  borak :  to  get  on  the  back  of  the 
animal  al-burdk ;  Ht.  Md,  Hanaf.,  38. 

The  animal  al-burdk  proper,  of  Muhamma- 
dan  tradition,  is  believed  by  Malays  to  have 
had  the  face  of  a  man,  the  body  of  a  horse, 
and  the  tail  and  wings  of  a  bird,  while  the 
Muhammadan  confession  of  faith  was  marked 
in  the  colouring  on  its  side. 

borek.     Spotted ;    speckled  with  fairly  large 

spots;  cf.  rintek,  Ayam  6,:  a  speckled  fowl. 
Bapa  borek  anak-nya  tentu  berintek :  given  that 
the  father  is  spotted,  the  son  will  at  least  be 
speckled ;  like  father  like  son ;  a  son  will  have 
his  father's  qualities  in  some  slight  degree  at 
the  very  least;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A,  S.,  I.,  93. 

burok.     Rottenness ;  old,  w^orn  out,  decayed, 

worthless,  bad — of  vegetable  substances  and 
manufactured  goods,  but  not  of  decomposing 
animal  matter;  cf.  busok.  Rumah  sudah  bu- 
rok :  the  house  is  in  a  ruinous  state ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  176.  Pada  siyang  hari-nya  di-dirikan 
orang  kota  itu,  serta  malam  burok :  in  the  day 
time  men  built  the  fort,  and  at  night  it  fell 
into  decay;  Sej.  Mai.,  86. 

Burok  siku :  rottenness  of  the  elbow ;  a  des- 
cription of  a  man  who  gives  a  thing  and  then 
always  reverts  to  the  subject  of  his  generosity. 

Nama  6. ;  a  bad  name;  Ht.  Abd.,  151.  Ber- 
buwat  b. :  to  behave  badly ;  to  bring  disgrace 
or  discredit  upon  any  one ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Burokkan :  to  wear  out,  to  cause  to  become 
worn  or  rotten, 

Di'tanah  Riyau  baju  di-pakai, 
Di-tanah  Jawa  baju  di-bttrokkan  : 

in  Riau  the  coat  was  worn,  and  Java  saw  the 
coat  worn  out. 

Burok  is  used  also  of  a  bad  pronunciation ; 
Pel.  Abd.,  76. 


Ui.^   buraksa.    V.  Ui^ 

p  soJ    buram.     A  rough  sketch  or  draft  of  anything  ; 

r-^    Ki. 

jjj^    buran.     A  species  of  sea-anemone  eaten  by 
the  Chinese. 

\jjji    burin.     Karang  burin  :  a  species  of  coral. 

/*ja)    burun.     Dense    jungle;     thick    forest;     Kl. 
*      Kambing  b. :  a  wdld  goat ;  =  kambing  gerun. 
Cf.  bar  an. 


•ijftj    buru.     Hunting ;  the  pursuit  of  game ;  driving 
'      away ;  driving  before  one. 

Memburu :  to  hunt. 


Perburuwan :  game ;  the  thing  hunted  down  ; 
hunting,  sport.  Anjing  p, :  dogs  kept  for 
hunting;  Sej.  MaL,  86.  Menchari p. :  to  go 
in  pursuit  of  game;  Sh.  Bid.,  53.  Hantu 
pentburu  (Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  11)  or  perburu:  (Sh. 
Sri.  Bun.,  94)  an  evil  spirit  of  the  jungle  the 
wild  huntsman  who  chases  men  in  the  forest 
with  his  dogs;  see  J.  I.  A.,  Vol.  I.,  p.  307. 


boreh.     A  yellow  ointment  for  the  body ; 
boreh-boreh  and  beboreh. 


also 


bxiruh.     Jav.    A  day-labourer ;  a  coolie.     Bu- 

ruhan  :  wages ;  hire. 

burai.  Protruding,  gushing  out,  forced  out — 
as  the  entrails  from  a  wound,  or  as  the  end  of 
a  garment  hanging  out  when  it  should  be 
tucked  in  ;  Sh,  Panj.  Sg.     Cf.  berai  and  urai, 

buri,     I.     A  trumpet.     KL;  Pijn. 

n.  Jav.  The  back,  the  rear,  behind,  after, 
the  hinderpart.  Dudok  di-buri :  sitting  in  the 
stern;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Paduka  Mahadewi  men- 
giring  di-buri  :  the  princess  Mahadewi  brought 
up  the  rear;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Cf.  uri,  burit,  udi,  mudek,  etc. 

bona.  Hind.  A  topical  song;  a  favourite 
form  of  entertainment  during  the  Muharram 
at  Penang. 

buwas.  Wild  ;  ferocious — of  animals.  Bin- 
atangyang  buwas:  wild  ( in  contradistinction 
to  domestic)  animals;  Ht.  Abd.,  206.  Singa 
yang  maha-buwas  :  a  most  ferocious  lion  ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb. 


bosa.     Tali  6.  ; 
cable   to  stop 
Also  tali  kap. 


a  rope  attached  to  a  ship*s 
it  when  sufficiently  run   out. 


busa.     Foam,  froth  ;  better  buweh. 

busut.  A  heap  of  earth ;  an  anthill,  B,  jan- 
tan  :  a  small  pointed  anthill.  B.  betina  :  a 
large  rounded  anthill.  B,  duwa  tiga  iimbunan  : 
two  or  three  anthills;  Sej.  MaL,  9. 

Busut  juga  di'timbun  anai-anai  :  even  mounds 
are  piled  up  by  white  ants ;  great  things  may 
be  achieved  by  perseverance  ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI., 
25.     Cf.  pongsu, 

bosor.     Greed,  gluttony. 

busar  or  busor.  A  bow ;  the  curve  of  a  bow ; 
the  bow-like  instrument  for  cleaning  cotton ; 
a  portion  of  a  Malay  kite.  Menarek  b, :  to 
draw  a  bow;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  MBngenahan 
anak  panah  kapada  busar :  to  fit  the  arrow  to 
the  bow;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Bagai  busar  Ranjuna :  like  the  bow  of  Arjuna 
—  a  simile  for  a  delicately  rounded  arm ;  Ht. 
Koris.  Saperti  kapas  di-busor  :  like  cotton  after 
cleaning  ;  pure  white ;  Ht.  Sh. 

Busor  dengong :  a  humming-piece  in  a  kite. 


BUSONG 


[    129    ] 


BUNQA 


B,   darah :    an 


aneurism.       Si-bttsong :     Mr.    Sufferer    from 


^j>    busong.      A  swelling  of  the  abdomen  from 
^  disease ;    a  dropsical  inflammation ;    ascites, 

dropsy.      Sakit   b, :  dropsy 

aneurism.       Si-bttsong :     M 

dropsy;  Ht.  Sh.;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed. 

B.  luwat :  a  large  sandbank,  —  more  con- 
siderable than  beting;  Ht.  Abd.,  266. 

^j-**ja)    busok.     I.      The  spontaneous  decomposition 

of  organic  matter ;  organic  decay ;  fetid, 
stinking,  foul ;  (by  metaphor)  low,  vile,  mean, 
—  of  a  man's  actions,  thoughts  or  reputation. 
Memeliharakan  daripada  busok :  to  preserve 
(anything)  from  organic  decay,  e.g-  by  placing 
it  in  spirits  of  wine;  Ht.  Abd.,  284.  Bau 
yang  b, :  a  foul  smell ;  Ht.  Abd.,  370.  Hati 
6.  ;  low  principles ;  bad  character. 

Jangat  jangaf  daun   mengkuwang, 
Jangan  jangat   batang  ijok ; 

Ingat  ingat   zamdn  sekarang 

Mulut-nya   manis   hati-nya   busok : 

take  care,  take  care,  the  present  age  has  a 
tongue  of  sweetness  and  a  heart  of  corruption, 

Berbiisok  :  to  be  guilty  of  vile  conduct  towards 
any  one;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  65. 

Kebusokan:  foulness;  Sh.  Peng,,  ig. 

H.     A  weight  for  gold  ;   [  =  2  candareens  ?] 

L>^    bosan.     Satiety  which  goes  to  the  point  of 
loathing;  nauseated  with  anything. 

(S^ji    busi.      [Hind,  bhusi.]      Rice  bran ;  chaff. 

py  buwang.  The  act  of  discarding,  throwing  or 
flinging  away ;  casting  away ;  rejecting  al- 
together ;  dismissing  or  repudiating ;  banish- 
ment;  putting  to  death;  getting  rid  of 
altogether.  Buwang  bunga  ka-jirat :  to  waste 
flowers  on  a  tomb ;  Prov. 

B.  arang  di-muka  :  wiping  away  an  insult ; 
removing  a  disgrace. 

B.ayer:  easing  oneself;  Ht.  Abd.,  20,90. 
Penyakit  buwang  ayer :  diarrhoea. 

B.  ayer  darah-'  dysentery;  Ht.  Abd.,  20. 
B.  ayer  nanah  :  id. 

JB.  baka :  wasting  one's  heritage  of  good 
qualities ;  showing  oneself  unworthy  of  one's 
descent;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. ;  Pel.  Abd.,  49. 

jB.  belakang :  turning  one's  back  on  anyone 
or  anything ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

B,  bidak  :  giving  the  odds  of  a  pawn  at  chess. 

B,  diri :  (i)  suicide;  (2)  emigrating  in  search 
of  a  livelihood ;  self-banishment;  Sej.  Mai., 
100 ;  Sh.  Bid.,  19 ;  Ht.  Koris. 

jB.  nyawa :  the  sacrifice  of  one's  life  in  any 
cause ;  readiness  to  so  sacrifice  one's  life ;  Sh. 
Bur.  Nuri,  21,  22;  Ht.  Abd.,  320. 

jB.  endel  or  b,  hendel :  to  give  an  outward 
sweep  of  the  arm. 


B.  limbai :  to  sweep  the  arm  towards  one, 
to  wave  towards  oneself. 

B,  miyang :  to  w^ork  off  restlessness  by 
exercise. 

B.  pal'pal:  tacking;  Pel.  Abd.,  116. 

B.  pantun  :  to  extemporize  a  pantun. 

B,tari:  dancing  with  abandon;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  no. 

B,  undi :  to  cast  lots,  to  throw  dice. 

Champakb.:  a  kind  of  javelin  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  31. 
Lembing  buwang-buwangan:  id.,  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

Para  b, :  a  peculiar  kind  of  window  used  for 
emptying  out  slops,  etc. ;  a  sort  of  raised  sink. 

Buwangan  :  wasted ;  cast  away ;  exiled  ; 
abandoned  ;  Sh.  Dag.,  18.  Terbuwang  :  id. ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  25,  62,  83,  etc.  Anak  buwangan :  a 
foundhng,  a  term  of  abuse;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Biiwangkan ;  membuwang ;  and  membuwang- 
kan  :  to  throw  away ;  to  abandon ;  to  kill. 
Buwangkan  ka-negeri  Bombe :  to  transport 
(penally)  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  461.  Ahc  hendak  mem- 
btnvangkan  orang  muda  keduwa  ini :  I  wish  to 
put  these  two  young  men  to  death;  Ht. 
Bakht.,  83. 

Pji  bunga.  A  generic  name  for  flowers  and  objects 
of  a  gay  or  variegated  appearance ;  the  pattern 
on  anything  ;  the  product  of  money ;  in  pan- 
tuns,  the  mistress,  the  love  of  the  humming- 
bee  ( hmibang)  for  the  flower  corresponding 
to  the  Persian  fable  of  the  nightingale  and  the 
rose. 

Kumbang  tidak  sa-ckor,  bunga  tidak  sa-kaki : 
there  is  more  than  one  humming-bee,  and 
more  than  one  flower;  there  are  lots  of  good 
fish  in  the  sea  (from  the  point  of  view  of  an 
otherwise  disappointed  one  )  ;  Prov. 

Bunga  yang  harurn  itu  ada  juga  duri-nya: 
even  that  fair  flower  has  thorns  ;  even  a  king 
has  enemies;  Prov.;  Ht.  Ham^:.,  9.  Buwang 
bunga  ka-jtrat :  to  cast  flowers  on  a  grave ;  to 
waste  good  material;  Prov.  Bunga  yang  layu 
balek  kembang  :  a  faded  flower  in  bloom  again  ; 
an  old  man  playing  the  dude  ;  Prov.  Laksana 
kera  dapat  bunga  :  like  a  monkey  that  has  got 
hold  of  a  flower ;  pearls  before  swine ;  Prov. 
Bunga  disunting  perdu  di  sepak  buwang:  the 
flower  is  worn,  the  stem  is  cast  away;  the 
daughter  is  favoured,  the  mother  treated  with 
contempt ;  Prov. 

Banyak'lah   bunga  kembang  di-kebun, 
Sa4angkai  sehaja   membawa  gila  : 

many  are  the  flowers  which  blossom  in  the 
garden,  but  one  flower  alone  maddens  my 
heart  with  love  ;  a  sentiment  often  occurring 
in  this  or  a  similar  form  in  Malay  love  pan- 
tuns. 

B.  apt  :  fireworks;  sparks. 

B.  ayer  :  the  name  of  fish. 

JS.  ayer  mawar:    the  rose;    Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  i. 
Also  bunga  mawar. 
B,  karang:  a  coralline  sponge;  Sej.  Mai.,  45. 


17 


BONGOR 


[    130    ] 


BUKAM 


B.  kuku :  the  lighter  portion  of  the  finger- 
nail ;  the  base  of  the  nail.     Also  kidit  adam, 

B,  lalang :  the  blossom  on  lalang  grass ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb. 

B.  lawang :  the  clove  spice  ;  Muj.,  87. 

B.  mas :  the  tribute  of  golden  leaves  and 
flowers  sent  to  Bangkok  triennially  by  certain 
Malay  Rajas. 

B.  mawar :  the  rose;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  82. 
Also  bunga  ayer  mawar, 

B.  pasang  :  the  first  of  the  tidal  flood. 

B,rampai:  mixed  flowers;  a  collection  of 
fragrant  flower  petals,  often  artificially  scent- 
ed, for  scattering  about  at  festivals ;  Ht.  Abd., 
423- 

J3.  selaseh  :  drunk,  and  rollicking. 

B.  telor :  red  eggs  given  to  guests  at  wed- 
dings. 

B,  wang  :  interest  on  capital ;  Ht.  Abd.,  406, 
429, 

B.  apt -apt ;  b.  seroja ;  6.  kunyet ;  and  b,  nanas  : 
patterns  of  artificial  flowers  of  gold  and  silver 
leaf  scattered  at  festivals  ;  v.  ambor-ambor, 

Senggugtit  b, :  a  disease  of  women. 

Berbungakan :  to  bear  flowers ;  to  bear  a 
pattern. 

bongor.     A  tree,  lagerstrcemia  regina. 

bungar.  I.  Prime;  the  earliest  of  anything ; 
the  first  born ;  the  first  fruits.  Bungaran :  id., 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Btcwah  bungaran  :  the  first  crop 
of  fruit  on  a  young  tree. 

n.     (Johor.)     Pride;  v.  btmgak. 

bongak  or  bungak.    Pride,  superciliousness, 

haughtiness;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. ;  =  bongkak.   Also 
bungar, 

boixgok.  Heavy  build  ;  a  clumsy  look  about 
anything. 

bupati.  [  Skr.  through  Javanese.]  A  lord  of 
the  land;    a  very  exalted  dignitary,  Sh.  Panj. 

Sg.;  also  J\i,, 


dT, 


y- 


\J^^y.    bupala.      [Skr.  bhiipdla,]     Prince ;  v.  J\a*  . 
45aJ    bopeng.     Pockmarked.     Also  mopeng, 

^ji    buwak,    I.    Bubbling  up,  as  water  in  a  spring ; 

coming  out  in  drops,  as  blood  on  a  scratch ; 
shooting  up  all  round,  as  fire  round  a  sauce- 
pan.    Cf.  buwal, 

n.     A  kind  of  frog;  J.  S.  A.  S,,  viii.,  108. 


buka.  Opening;  opening  up  or  opening 
out ;  the  removal  of  a  veil  or  covering ;  expo- 
sure by  such  removal. 

Membtika :  to  open ;  to  reveal ;  to  remove  a 
covering.  B.  rahasiya :  to  reveal  a  secret. 
jB.  chapiyu  :  to  remove  one's  cap ;  to  take  a 
cap  off.  B,  layar :  to  open  out  the  sails.  J5. 
peti :  to  open  a  box.  B.  tirai  :  to  draw  aside 
a  curtain. 

Mimbuhahan  :  =  membuka, 

Terbuka :  opened  ;  exposed ;  revealed.  Tan- 
gan  b, :  open-handed.  Makin  jauh  makin  ter- 
buka :  the  further  you  went  the  more  it  opened 
out,  t.e,  the  wider  it  became. 

bokot  and  btlkut.  Membokot :  to  enshroud ; 
to  cover  up  everything ;  to  veil ;  =  berselubong, 

bukat.     Troubled;  disturbed  (of  water). 

bukit.  A  hill ;  a  mountain  of  moderate 
elevation  (a  lofty  mountain  being  gunong). 
Orang  bukit :  aboriginal  tribes.  Bukit  pekan : 
wild  tribes  of  the  market ;  a  nickname  given 
to  Tamils  in  Pahang  owing  to  the  limited 
costume  of  the  coolie.  Anjing  menyalak,  bukit 
mahu'kah  runtoh :  if  dogs  bark  at  a  mountain, 
will  the  mountain  crumble  to  pieces ;  the 
great  can  neglect  the  menaces  of  the  insignifi- 
cant ;  Prov.  Bukit  jadi  paya,  pay  a  jadi  bukit : 
hills  become  marshes,  marshes  hills;  the 
great  reduced  to  poverty,  the  poor  exalted  to 
wealth;  Prov. 

B.  berapit :  two  peaks  connected  at  their 
base. 

Anak  b, :  a  hillock. 

Kaki  6. :  the  foot  of  a  hill. 

Kemonchak  b. :  the  summit  of  a  hill. 

Peminggang  b. :  the  side  of  a  hill. 

Penara  b. :  the  level  ridge  sometimes  met 
with  at  the  top  of  a  range  of  hills. 

bokor.  A  metal  bowl  or  bason  with  a  broad 
flat  brim  like  a  soup-plate  ;  Ht.  Jaya  Lengg., 
15;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.,  60;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  11. 

bokong.  Worn  the  wrong  way;  front  and 
behind  interchanged.  Baju  b. :  a  child's  baju 
opening  and  fastening  at  the  back. 

bokop.  Swollen  up,  as  the  eye  after  a  fight ; 
closed,  by  inflammation.     Also  bakup^  q.  v. 

bukak.     To  open  ;=:buka,  q.  v. 


^^ji    bukal,     [Arab.  J$^» .]     Mixed,  of  two  colours ; 
matted,  as  a  beard;  Mahk.  Raj.,  167. 


f^ 


^jl    bukam.     To   silence  a  hostile   witness   by  a 
drug  or  talisman.     Also  bongham^  q.  v. 


BUKAN 


[    131    ] 


BOLOT 


cT. 


A>  bukan.  Negation ;  non-existence ;  no,  not. 
Bukan  barang  barang  pSr^mpMwan :  no  ordinary 
woman.  Hubongan  huruf  yang  htikan-bukan : 
impossible  combinations  of  letters  ;  Ht.  Abd., 

185. 

Che   Dolah   niudek  menyabong 

Singgah  ka-hulu  ka-Bandar  Pekan; 

Ay  oh   Allah  I  tiyada    tertanggong^ 
Masok   Nuraka  tenipat  yang   bukan : 

Oh  God,  it  is  not  to  be  borne,  the  thought 
of  entering  Hell,  the  place  of  annihilation. 

Sa>    buku.     I.     Knotted;  intertwined;  interlacing; 

'^^^      a  knot ;  the  joint  where  two  bodies  or  sections 
of  a  body  meet ;  a  measure  for  lumpy  bodies  ; 
(by  metaphor)  the  sting  of  any  remark,  or  the 
worthless  or  objectionable  part  of  anything. 
Chart   umbut  kena   buku :    to   look  for  a  soft 
sprout  and  come  across  a  hard  knot ;  to  look 
out  for  easy  success  and  meet  disaster;  Prov. 
Jangan  sangat  pileh-nya  takut  tuwan  kena  bukti 
bidoh :  do  not  pick  and  choose  too  carefully 
or  you  may  chance  to  get  a  knotty  bit ;  le 
mieuxest  Vennemi  du  bien:  Prov.,  J.S.A.S.,  L, 
97.     Pileh-pileh  ruwas,  terpileh  pada  buku :  to 
pick  and  choose  over  the  space  between  the 
joints  and  be  ultimately  forced  to  take  the 
worthless  bamboo  joint  itself;    do  not  be  too 
particular;     Prov.       Berjumpa    buku    dengan 
ruwas  :  you  may  come  across  the  hard  joints 
while  studying  the  soft  spaces  between  ;  id. ; 
Prov.     Orang  bertemu  buku :  men  who  do  not 
hit  it  off;    men   who   cannot  meet   together 
without  stumbling  upon  something  to  quarrel 
about ;  Prov.     Buku  di-dalam  hati,  or  buku  di- 
dalam  perut :  a  knotty  point  in  the  feelings ;  a 
thorn   in   the   side.     Saperti  si-buku  geharu : 
like  a  knot  of  fragrant  wood  ( which  is  only 
fragrant  when  burnt),  like  a  man  who  only 
shows  his  good  qualities  in  times  of  adversity; 
Prov. 

B.  bemban :  a  knot  used  by  Chinese  as  a 
button  ;  a  knot  of  many  strands. 

B.  jari :  the  knuckles  of  the  fingers. 

B,  kaki :  the  knuckles  of  the  toes. 

J5.  lalt:  the  outer  projecting  portion  of  the 
ankle  bone. 

JB.  lima  :  the  knuckles  of  the  hand. 

Garam  sa-buku :  a  hard  lump  of  salt,  ( by 
metaphor)  a  diamond  ear-pendant  in  one  large 
piece.  Nasi  sa-buku  :  a  clotted  lump  of  rice, 
the  grains  sticking  to  one  another ;  Sh.  A.  R. 
S.J.,8. 

Berbuku  :  clotted,  in  lumps.  Dunya  empama 
bayang'bayang  berbuku:  the  world  is  like  a 
nebula  of  many  nuclei ;  Sh.  Nas.,  17- 

Terbuku :  hardened  with  knots,  saddened  by 
unfortunate  experiences ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  38. 

11.     Also  buk.     A  book. 


vf5^    boga.     L     [Skr.  bhoga:  pleasure.]     Semp^ 
per  gam  boga:  a  pleasure  boat. 


ana 


11.  [Kawi:  ananta  bhoga,  from  Skr.]  Naga 
anta-boga :  the  great  serpent ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 
The  form  nanta-boga  also  occurs,  M.  S.,  2., 
R.  A.  S.  collection. 

ni.     The  name  of  a  plant ;  cycas  rtmiphii. 

c:Sc^^    bogot.      Horrid,    ugly.      Hitam   b. :    horridly 
■^      black — applied  to  Papuans. 

^^    bugis.     The  name  of  a  bold  and  enterprising 
^-^-^^      race  in  Celebes;  Ht.  Abd.,  12,  60,  267. 

Kain  b, :  a  peculiar  glistening  silk  cloth  made 
in  Celebes;  Ht.  Abd.,  431. 


^ 


>-)    bogang.     Telanjang  bogang:  stark  naked;  Sh. 
-^*      Panj.  Sg. ;  also  telanjang  bugil  and  telanjang 
bulat. 


r5^    bogok.     A  large  black  caterpillar. 


Jiy 


bogel  or  bugil.     Telanjang  b, :   stark  naked. 
Also  telanjang  bogang  and  telanjang  bulat, 

Ayam  b, :  a  fowl  without  feathers. 


<^    bogam.     I.     Pieces  of  gold  or  silver  leaf  on 
P^      a 


tajok. 
II.     Great ;  =  besar. 


<T)    bogi.     Eng.     A  buggy ;  a  hooded  vehicle  ;  Ht, 
^■^      Abd.,  234. 


j^ 


j^ 


^j> 


buwal.  Bubbling  up,  as  water,  when  gaseous 
particles  rise  to  the  surface;  cf.  buwak ;  (by 
metaphor)  exaggerated  language.  Buwal 
anak  Menangkabau  :  the  men  of  Menangkabau 
are 'great  at  talking;  Prov.  Cf.  J,  S.  A.  S., 
XXIV.,  115. 

bola.  Port.  A  ball ;  a  billiard  ball ;  a  tennis 
or  cricket  ball;  any  balls  used  in  games. 
Main  b. :  (literally)  to  play  at  ball,  used  of 
tennis,  billiards,  cricket  and  football.  Kain 
benang  b. :  a  kind  of  kain  pelekat :  a  cloth 
fabric. 


bolot  or  bulut.  A  hasty  and  careless  wrap> 
ping  up  or  rolling  up  of  a  parcel ;  to  cover  a 
thing  hastily  in  a  roll  of  cloth  or  paper.  Maka 
anak-nya  itu  di-bolot-bolot-nya  dengan  daun  kayu 
atau  kuliUkulit  kayu:  their  children  they 
carelessly  wrap  up  in  leaves  or  bark  (for 
swaddling  clothes);  Ht.  Abd.,  386. 


BULAT 


[    132    ] 


BULAN 


o-3^ 


;^ 


}y. 


a^y- 


'^- 


bulat.  Roundness ;  circular  shape ;  a  smooth 
rounded  surface  without  angularities  or  ex- 
crescences; bare,  naked,  of  smooth  surfaces 
which  are  often  or  usually  covered  with  hair, 
feathers,  or  clothes. 

B,  bujor;  or  b.  panjang :  elliptical. 

B.  hati :  openness  of  heart ;  with  nothing  to 
conceal  the  feelings;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

B,  pipeh  :  flat  and  round. 

B,  torak :  cylindrical. 

'Ilmu  bulat  dtmya  :  physiography ;  Ht.  Abd., 
264. 

Kayu  6. ;  round  logs,  stripped  of  leaves  and 
branches. 

Masak    b. :    cooking    whole — i,   e.,    without 
plucking  off  feathers  or  skinning. 

Pusat  6.  :  the  centre  of  a  circle. 
Seluwar  b, :  pyjama  trowsers. 
Sa-bulaUbulat :     altogether.       Sa-bulaUbulat 
hati :  with  all  my  heart. 
Telanjang  b. :  stark  naked. 

bular.  Whitish  discoloration  of  the  iris  of 
the  eye ;  blue  grey,  of  the  eye. 

Btita  b. :  blindness,  there  being  a  white  film 
over  the  eye. 


^^    bulir.     I.     Anak  b. :  an  illegitimate  child. 


11.  Ear  (of  padi,  etc.),  cluster.  Membulir 
kain :  to  twirl  or  twist  a  piece  of  cloth  so  as 
to  roll  it  to  a  point. 

bulor.  Excessive  hunger ;  overpowering 
hunger ;  — also  kebulor,  kebtdoran,  and  gelojoh 
kebuloran. 

Matt  bulor :  to  die  of  hunger. 

Di'dalam   bilek  permaisuri^ 

Yu   di-pulau  Inderagiri ; 
Membawa  fa^al  saperti  penchuri 

Mati   bulor   diya  sendtri  : 

they  adopted  the  ways  of  robbers  only  to  die 
of  hunger  themselves;  Sh.  Raj.  Haji. 

bolos  or  bulus.  I.  Slipped  off,  fallen  off, 
— as  a  roll  of  string  from  the  stick  round 
which  it  is  wound;  stripped  of  hair  or 
feathers;  stripped  of  leaves  of  a  tree;  left  with- 
out children  or  heirs,  of  a  man  ;  thoroughly, 
through  and  through.  Kena  tikmn  b. :  to  be 
run  through  the  body,  Sampai  6. :  right 
through. 

II.  A  tortoise  (unidentified). 

III.  Ikan  buluS'bulus :  a  species  of  mullet, 
sill  ago  maculata. 


bolong.  Black;  blue  black;  dark  blue;  paint- 
ing in  black  paint ;  tarring ;  blackening ;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg. 


f^ji 


>  bulang.  I.  The  process  of  en  winding  or 
enwrapping ;  binding  the  spurs  on  a  fighting 
cock  by  enwinding  the  artificial  on  the 
natural  spur  with  string;  binding  the  hand 
to  the  sword  handle;  wrapping  the  head  in 
a  kerchief;  the  kerchief  so  worn. 

J5.  idu :  the  head-cloth  of  a  raja,  often  used 
as  a  term  of  endearment ;  Sh.  Bid.,  5 ;  Ht. 
Koris,  etc. 

Berbtdang:  enwrapping,  binding  up.  Tempat 
b^rbulang :  the  place  where  the  spurs  are 
bound  on  the  fighting  cock ;  Sh.  Pr.  Turki,  9. 

Mhnbtdang :  to  enwrap.  Membulang  taji : 
to  fasten  the  spurs  on  a  fighting  cock;  Sh. 
Lail.  Mejn.,  25 ;  Ht.  Nakh.  Muda,  33. 

II ,  A  generic  name  for  a  number  of  thorny 
shrubs ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  30. 

jB.  gajah :  gmelina  villosa,  and  canthium 
horridum.     Also  b,  kechiL 

B.  hitam  :  canthium  horridum.     Also  b,  tikus. 

B.  pelandok :  canthium  oliganthtim.  Also  bu- 
langan;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  203,  255. 

III.  Bulang'baling :  rolling  over  and  over; 
a  name  given  to  a  couple  of  projectiles 
when  fastened  together,  to  chain  shot,  and  to 
a  stone  hurled  by  means  of  a  string  fastened 
to  it. 


j3i^.  bolak.  Backwards  and  forwards;  incon- 
sistency ;  prevarication,  falsehood.  Bolak-kah 
kata  patek:  am  I  lying  ?  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  51,  58. 
Bolak-lah  chakap  kapada  tuwanku  Shah  Kubad  : 
you  have  been  false  in  your  promises  to  my 
master  Shah  Kubad ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Bolak'balek  :  there  and  back ;  see  balek. 

^^  aJ  bulan.  The  moon ;  a  month ;  the  menses ; 
the  period  of  gestation.  Saperti  bulan  dengan 
matahari :  like  the  moon  and  the  sun,  a  com- 
bination of  similarities ;  a  common  metaphor 
for  a  king  and  queen,  or  a  lover  and  his  mis- 
tress. Bidan  di-pagar  bintang :  the  moon  en- 
circled with  stars ;  a  queen  surrounded  by  her 
maidens;  an  appropriate  combination  gener- 
ally; Prov.  Saperti  kejatohan  bulan:  as  if 
the  moon  had  fallen  (into  one's  lap),  a  meta- 
phor describing  great  and  most  unexpected 
good  fortune ;  Ht.  Bakht.,  52.  Bulan  turun 
ka-ribaan :  id. ;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  33.  Sa-telah 
genap-lah  bulan-nya :  when  her  time  (for 
delivery)  was  come;  Sej.  Mai.,  11.  Perut- 
nya  pun  sudah  sampai  bulan :  id. ;  Ht.  Best. 
Saperti  bulan  kesiyangan :  like  the  moon 
dulled  by  daylight ;  a  poetical  simile  for 
pallor ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak,,  106. 
Saperti  bulan  di-makan  rahu :  like  the  moon 
in  eclipse ;  like  a  beauty  hidden  in  her  lover's 
embrace;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat. 

B,  baju :  a  piece  of  cloth  cut  to  form  part 
of  the  neck  piece  of  a  baju, 

B.  bunting  pelandok :  the  moon  when  it 
resembles  the  curve  of  pregnancy  in  a  mouse- 
deer  ;  the  moon  on  the  8th  day  of  the  lunar 
month. 


BOLU 


[    133    ] 


BULOH 


Jiy. 


Jji 


B.  gelap :  the  period  when  the  moon  is  not 
visible ;  Ht.  Abd.,  248. 

J5.  pBrnama :  the  full  moon  ;   Ht.  Abd,,  222. 

B,  sa-belah  kendor  :  half  moon. 

B.  timbul:  the  new  moon;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

Bintang  kapit  b, :  a  bright  star  when  nearly 
occulted  by  the  moon. 

£mpat  betas  hari  b. :  the  moon  at  its  full ;  a 
simile  for  a  beautiful  face  ;  the  14th  day  of  the 
month  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  222. 

'Gerhana  b. :  an  eclipse  of  the  moon ;  also 
btdan  di-makan  rahii, 

Nyior  di-makan  b. :  a  coco-nut  without  or 
with  little  flesh  and  water. 

Sa-hari  bulan :  the  first  day  of  the  month ; 
the  one-day  old  moon,  a  simile  for  a  beautiful 
eyebrow ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak. 

Siput  b, :  a  shell,  natica  petiveriana,  or  helix 
ovum. 

The  following  names  are  colloquially  used  in 
connection  with  the  months,  the  cumbrous 
Arabic  names  being  practically  confined  to 
writings : — 

jB.  enipat  sa-nama  :  the  four  months  rabiH'l- 
awwal,  rabiH'l-akhir,  jimtddi'Uawwal  and 
jumddiH-akhir , 

B,  hari  raya  besar :  the  month  dzu'l-hijjah, 

B,  hari  raya  kechil :  the  month  shawwal. 

B.  maulud :  properly  the  month  rabiHH-aw- 
wal,  but  often  a  name  given  to  all  the  four 
months  '*  btdan  empat  sa-nama.'' 

B.  me'erat:  the  month  rajab, 

B,  nahas  :  the  month  safar. 

B,  puwasa  :  the  fasting  month  ramadldn. 

B.  ruwah  (arwdh)  :  the  month  sha'ban, 

B.  sura :  the  month  muharram ;   also  called 
pencheraiyan  tahun. 
B,  terapit :  the  month  dzu'l-kaidah. 


bolu.  [  Port,  bolo,  ]  A  kind  of  cake ;  sponge- 
cake. B.  koja  (or  kemoja) ;  b.  lapis;  b.  ren- 
dang;  and  b,  perenggi :  varieties  of  this  cake. 
Also  buwah  tdu,  and  batdu. 


bulu.  Hair ;  plumage ;  the  hairy,  woolly,  or 
feathery  tegument  of  animals ;  the  hair  on  the 
human  body,  but  not  that  on  the  head.  Isi 
lemah  dapat  ka-orang,  tulang  btdupulang  ka-kita  : 
the  flesh  and  fat  (of  the  fowl)  go  to  others, 
the  bones  and  feathers  come  to  us ;  we  get  the 
kicks  and  others  the  half-pence ;  Prov.  Bulu 
ekor  sa4ai  pun  tiyada  terchabut :  not  one  hair  of 
his  tail  was  pulled  out ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

jB.  ayam:  the  feathers  of  a  fowl;  Ht.  Abd., 
272.  Ikan  bulu  ayam :  a  fish,  coilia  dussumieri. 
Layar  bulu  ayam  :  a  sail  intermediate  between 
a  lug-sail  and  a  latteen-sail. 

B.  ayer  laut :  blue  feathers  on  a  fowl. 

Bulu  bulu :  a  plant ;  diospyros  argentea. 


a)^ 


4j) 


B.  kechong :  (Riau,  Johor)  neck  feathers 
on  a  fighting  cock,  rather  above  the  neck 
feathers  known  as  bulu  suwa ;  see  infra. 

B.  kening :  the  eyebrows;  Sej.  Mai.,  114. 

B.  landak  :  the  quills  on  a  porcupine. 

B.  lawi :  (Riau,  Johor)  the  long  tail  feathers 
of  a  cock  ;  the  coarser  feathers  in  a  duck's  tail ; 
=  (Kedah)  b.  tela. 

B.  lela  :  (  Kedah )  the  long  tail  feathers;  = 
(Riau,  Johor)  6.  lawi, 

B,  liyang  rorna :  the  fine  hairs  on  the  body ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

B.  mata:  the  eyelashes;  Sej.  Mai.,  114. 

B.  pahat :  the  down  on  a  boy*s  face  precedent 
to  the  growth  of  the  beard. 

B,  pelipis  :  the  thin  hair  on  the  right  and  left 
of  the  neck. 

B.  rainbai :  the  feathers  on  the  right  and  left 
of  a  cock's  tail ;  the  finer  feathers  on  the  tail 
of  a  duck  or  fowl. 

B.  roma :  the  delicate  hairs  on  the  skin  of 
the  human  body;    Ht.  Ind.   Jaya.      Also  i. 

liyang  roma, 

B,  sembong :  (Kedah)  neck  feathers ;  =  (Riau, 
Johor)  b.  suwa. 

B.  suwa:  (Riau,  Johor)  the  feathers  on  a 
fighting  cock's  neck ;  the  feathers  which  seem 
to  stand  on  end  when  a  cock  gets  excited ;  = 

(Kedah)  b,  sembong, 

B,  tengkok  :  the  mane. 

B.  idat :  a  small  hairy  herb;  sonerila  sp. 

Ayam  btdu  balek :  a  fowl,  the  feathers  of  which 
are  turned  the  wrong  way  and  give  a  woolly 
look  to  the  bird. 

Chapiyu  berbidu  :  a  plumed  hat  or  helmet ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  223. 

Halt  berbidu  i  rising  wrath. 

Kachang  b, :  a  bean ;  tephrosia  hookeriana, 

Kerang  b, :  a  kind  of  shell. 

Ulat  b, :  a  hairy  caterpillar  known  to  cause 
ulcers  wherever  it  touches  the  human  body. 

buleh.     To  have  anything  in  one's  power;  to 
be  able ;  can,  may. 

Sa-btdeh-bideh-nya :  to  the  best  of  his  ability. 
sa-btdeh-btdehan :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  138. 

Cf.  beruleh;  v.  tdeh, 

buloh.     The  generic  name  for  the  bamboo ; 

bambusa, 
B.  balai :  bambusa  tuldoides, 
B,  batu  :  dendrocalamus  stricius, 
B,  bersmnpitan :  bambusa  lorayi, 
B,  berang :  dendrocalamus  stricius. 
B,  belong:  dendrocalamus  flagellifer, 
B,  china :  bambusa  nana, 
B.  duri :  bambusa  blumeana, 
B.  kasap  :  ochlandra  ridleyi, 
B.  mata  rusa :  gigantochloa  kurzii. 


4^ 


f^ 


BULAI  [    134    ] 


J5.  minyak  :  oxytenanthera  sinuata, 

B.  padi:  schizostachyum  aciculare, 

B,  pelang :  gigantochloa  wrayi. 

B,  raya :  gigantochloa  scortechinii, 

J5.  Uherau  :  v.  Uberau* 

B,  temiyang :  bambusa  wrayi. 

JB.  tempat :  dendrocalamus  strictus. 

B.  telang :  gigantochloa  heterostachya. 

B.  telang  minyak  :  gigantochloa  latispictdata. 

B.  tBlor :  schizostachyum  zollingeri. 

The  word  buloh  is  also  used  to  describe  instru- 
ments the  frame  of  which  is  made  out  of  a 
tube  of  bamboo.  B.  bangsi  :  the  Malay  flute  ; 
Ht.  Raj,  Don.,  8;  see  bangsi,  B,  perindu :  the 
Malay  iEolian  harp,  an  instrument  made  of  a 
tube  of  bamboo  open  throughout  but.  with  a 
string  drawn  across  one  end  of  it.  There  are, 
however,  other  varieties  of  this  instrument; 
see  Favre,  Vol.  IL,  p.  230.  Saperti  buloh  per- 
indu di'tiyup  angin  tatkala  dinihari :  like  the 
^olian  harp  when  the  breeze  of  sunrise 
blows ;  a  simile  for  a  sweet  plaintive  voice ; 
Cr.  Gr.,  78;  but  see  also  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  11  ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  11,  etc. 

Sa-perdu  buloh :  a  clump  of  bamboo.  Tebas 
buloh  sa-perdu :  to  cut  down  a  clump  of  bam- 
boos ;  to  destroy  a  whole  family ;  Prov. 

(J^ji    bulai.     L     Albino. 

II,  The  trunk  of  an  elephant;  J.  I.  A.,  i., 
313 ;  =  belalai. 


bull.     Buli-buli:    a   bottle,    a   flask,    a    small 
glass  receptacle,  e,g,  for  ink. 

Nyawa  sa-buli :  one  and  the  same  flask  of 
life,  a  name  taken  from  the  native  traditions 
regarding  the  origin  of  the  Northern  Princi- 
palities of  the  Peninsula. 


bum.     L     Arab. 
II.    See  ^ 


bomor. 


Owl, 


^^    Domor.       ii    sorcerer;     a 
-^*      wizard.     Also  bomo,  q.  v. 


witch-doctor ;     a 


g^oJ  bomo.  A  person  who  practises  the  healing 
-^-^  art  by  utilizing  sorcery ;  a  witch-doctor ;  a 
wizard  generally,  a  man  who  claims  to  be 
able  to  discover  stolen  property  for  the 
rightful  owner,  etc.  The  word  is  very  com- 
mon in  Penang  and  Kedah,  and  is  used 
especially  of  Siamese,  Chinese  and  Tamil 
doctors,  but  not  usually  of  Malays.  Bomo 
tabibf  or  tabib  bomo :  doctors  generally ; 
doctors  of  all  sorts ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  5;  Muj.,  9. 
Patut-patut  orang  sakit  m^nchari  bomo,  ini-kan 
pula  bomo  menchari  orang  sakit:  it  is  right 
enough  that  a  sick  man  should  send  for  a 
doctor,  but  here  we  have  a  doctor  sending  for 
a  sick  man ;  a  proverbial  description  of  impro- 
per conduct  as  when  a  woman  runs  after  a 
man ;  or  of  a  dependent  who  does  not  wait  to 
be  asked  before  he  volunteers  a  suggestion. 


BUNI 


^jfj^  bumi.  [Skr.  bhumi.l  The  earth.  Bumi  dan 
"  '  langit :  heaven  and  earth.  Mengelilingi  b, : 
to  circumnavigate  the  earth.  Kejadiyan  yang 
di'Udara  dan  dari  bumi  atau  dari  laut :  crea- 
tures in  the  air  above  or  from  the  earth 
beneath  or  from  the  sea ;  Ht.  Abd.,  88. 
Bagai  bumi  dengan  langit :  as  (remote  as)  the 
earth  from  the  sky ;  as  wide  apart  as  heaven 
and  earth.  Laut  mana  ta'-berombak  bumi  yang 
mana  ta'4impa  hujan :  what  sea  has  no  waves, 
where  is  the  land  where  rain  never  falls ;  it  is 
a  long  lane  that  has  no  turning;  Prov. 
Biyar  pechah  pBrtit  bumi  merikah  :  though  my 
body  be  rent,  and  the  earth  split  open  (I  will 
not  do  it  ) ;  a  strong  expression  of  determi- 
nation. Sa-besar-besar  bumi  aku  tampar  ta'- 
kena  :  however  big  the  world  may  be  I  always 
seem  to  miss  it  when  I  try  to  strike  it ;  how- 
ever easy  a  thing  may  seem,  I  always  seem 
to  make  a  mess  of  it ;  Prov.  Nikdh  maharaja 
bumi  :  to  wed  the  Earth-prince ;  to  die  ;  Prov, 

MangkU'bumi  :  a  regent :  a  prime  minister ; 
Cr.  Gr.,  64, 

Daim  tutup  b, :  a  weed ;  elephantopus  scaber. 

Tujoh  petala  6. :  the  seven  folds  of  the  earth. 
These  are  described  in  the  Bustdnu'  s-salattn, 
Bk.  I. 


^j^    buna.     A  saltwater  fish ;     Kl. 


j  J    bunut  or  bonot.     I,     Bunut  pay  a  :    a  plant ; 
pternandra  coerulescens. 

IL     Hujan  b. :  very  heavy  rain. 


4j^  bunoh.  Slaying  ;  killing  ;  the  destruction  of 
life  ;  (by  metaphor)  ending  anything.  Hantu 
matt  di' bunoh :  the  ghost  of  "  a  murdered 
man, — a  vindictive  spirit;  Ht.  Abd.,  86. 
Mati  di'bunoh  is  also  used  as  a  term  of  abuse. 
Merak  mati  di-bunoh  ini :  this  peacock  destined 
to  come  to  a  bad  end ;  this  gallows-bird  of  a 
peacock  ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  160. 

Membunoh  :  to  kill ;  to  murder  ;  to  execute ; 
to  put  an  end  to.  J5.  ph'kataan  orang :  to  put 
an  end  to  a  heated  argument,  to  stop  angry 
words ;  Ht.  Abd.,  86. 

Berbimoh-bunohan :  engaged  in  mutual 
slaughter,  as  two  batthng  armies;  Ht.  Abd., 
193,  202. 

Pembunoh  :  a  slayer  ;  Sh.  Ibl.,  12. 

Pembunohan :  slaughter;  Sej.  Mai.,  81, 


j^    buni.     I.     Concealment;  hiding;  v.sembunyi, 
-    *      and  buniyan. 

II.     A  tree  with  small  acid  red  fruits;  anti- 
desma  buni. 


BUWAH 


[     135    ] 


BOYAS 


cj>  buwah.  A  generic  name  for  fruits ;  a  spherical 
or  nearly  spherical  object;  a  descriptive  prefix 
to  the  names  of  objects  of  a  more  or  less 
spherical  appearance ;  a  numerical  coefficient 
prefixed  to  words  signifying  towns^  countries^, 
lakes  3,  ships  4,  bowls  5,  fruits  6,  eggs  7, 
baskets  8,  shields  9,  buildings  ^o,  mountains  ^^ 
books  12^  watches  ^3,  doors  H,  boxes  ^5,  teeth  ^^^ 
carriages  17,  cavities  ^^^  stones  ^9,  plates 20,  etc. 

B,  bedara :  (i)  A  name  given  to  a  number 
of  fruits,  see  s.  v.  bedara ;  (2)  a  sweetmeat 
made  of  tepong  pulut  and  eggs,  and  served  up 
with  sugar. 

B.  beras  :  a  plant ;  chasalia  ciirviflora, 

B,  bitis  :  the  calf  of  the  leg ;  cf.  jantong  betis. 

B,  butang  :  a  shrub  ;  morinda  imibellata, 

B,  chator :  the  pieces,  at  chess. 

B.chiiki:  draughts. 

J5.  hati :  the  heart, — either  literally  (Muj., 
61 );  or  as  a  term  of  endearment ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

B,  keras  :  a  kind  of  nut ;  aleurites  mohwcanus. 

B.  keras  laut :  a  large  sea-shore  tree;  her- 
nandia  sonora. 

B,  khtildi :  Adam's  apple  (in  the  throat); 
( literally )  the  fruit  of  Paradise. 

B,melaka:  (i)  a  fruit  (phyllanthus  pectinattis); 

(2)  used  as  a  simile  for  a  bullet,  C.  and  S. ; 

( 3 )  a  sweetmeat  made  of  tepoitg  pulut   and 
coco-nut  sugar. 

jB.  molong :  a  sweetmeat. 

B.  pala :  nutmeg. 

B.  pantat :  the  buttocks. 

jB.  peler  :  the  testiculi. 

B,  pinggang :  the  kidneys. 

B.  semangat :  special  ^a^2--stalks  cut  with 
great  ceremony  so  as  to  pacify  and  retain  the 
semangat  padi ;  see  semangat, 

B.  suldi :  Adam's  apple.  Also  b,  khnldi 
and  halkum. 

B.  timbangan :  weights. 

Several  Malay  games  being  played  by 
children  using  the  hard  fruit  of  various  plants, 
the  word  buwah  has  often  the  special  sense  of 
'  ball '  in  such  games.  Main  buwah  keras  :  to 
play  a  game  in  which  the  buwah  keras  fruit  is 
used  as  a  ball.  Main  buwah  gorah,  main 
buwah  sintok,  etc. :  similar  games. 

Anak  b. :  an  expression  denoting  the  persons 
to  whom  a  chief  stands  in  loco  parentis ;  his 
vassals;  the  people  whom  he  represents  or 
looks  after ;  Ht,  Abd.,  60,  228. 

Buwah-buwahan :  fruits  generally, 


I  Ht.  Abd.,  229.  2  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  32,  53;  Ht.  Abd..  368. 
3  Sej.  Mai.,  25.  4  Sej.  Mai.,  19,  52;  Ht.  Abd.,  13,  14. 
5  Sej.,  75;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  6  Ht.  Sg.  Samb; 
Ht.  Abd.,  413.  7  Ht.  Abd.,  210.  8  Ht.  Abd.,  88.  9  Ht. 
Abd.,  310.  10  Ht.  Abd.,  224;  Sej.  Mai,  10.  "  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.  12  Ht.  Abd.,  88.  13  Ht.  Abd.,  361.  ^4  Ht.  Abd., 
431.  15  Ht.  Abd.,  220,  284,  303.  16  Muj.,  61.  17  Ht.  Abd., 
462.  18  Ht.  Abd.,  64;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  19  Ht.  Abd.,  204. 
20  Ht.  Hamz.,  51. 


Berbuwah  :  to  bear  fruit.  Tiyada  akan  pisang 
berbuwah  duwa  kali :  a  banana  tree  does  not 
bear  fruit  twice;  if  you  sacrifice  an  extra- 
ordinary piece  of  good  fortune,  do  not  expect 
a  second  stroke  of  luck  to  set  things  right; 
Prov. 

Berbuwahkan :  to  be  bearing  fruit.  Ber- 
buwahkan  mas:  bearing  golden  fruit;  Sej. 
Mai.,  20. 

Pebuwah  :  a  globular  vessel  resting  on  a  flat 
base  and  used  for  holding  the  areca-nut  in  a 
case  of  sireh'chewing  requisites;  the  special 
receptacle  for  the  areca-nut.  In  some  cases 
chunam  is  kept  in  it. 


^ji  buweh  or  bueh.  Foam;  surf;  scum;  froth; 
spume.  Hanyut  buweh  dari  hulu  sungai 
Pelembang  itu  ierlalu  besar :  a  huge  mass  of 
foam  came  drifting  down  from  the  upper 
waters  of  the  Palembang  river;  Sej.  Mai.,  35. 


pAj;    bohong.      Lying ;    a    lie ;    fiction ;    untruth. 

^  Sakaliyan  itu  bohong  sa-mata-mata  :  all  that  is 

altogether  false.  Budak-budak  terlalu  bohong : 
boys  much  given  to  lying.  Surat  bohong :  a 
forged  letter;  Ht.  Abd.,  271. 

Membohongkan :  to  represent  a  man  as  a  liar, 
or  a  thing  as  a  lie ;  Ht.  Abd.,  355. 


Pembohong , 
Ul.,  16. 


a  liar;  Ht.  Abd.,   131,  314;  Sh. 


(3^    bohok.     (Penang.)     A  muddy  pool;  a  puddle. 


c5^  buwai.  Swaying ;  swinging ;  the  motion  of  a 
pendulum.  Buwaiyan:  a  cradle;  a  kind  of 
hammock  for  a  child;  Sh.  Lamp.,  47;  a 
pendulum,  Phys.,  39.  Buwaiyan  pun  di-gon- 
chang,  anak  pun  di-chubit :  to  rock  the  cradle 
and  pinch  the  child ;  to  do  an  ill  turn  under 
cover  of  a  good  action;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XL,  43. 

Berbuwai :  to  swing,  to  swing  from,  to  swing 
under;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  14;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  30. 


c5^    boya.      L      Loose;    inadhesive — as    tobacco, 
Kl. ;  cf.  boyakf  borak,  and  beborak, 

n.     (Kedah)  (i)  a  crocodile ;  {2)  an  old  tin 
coin:  =  (Riau,  Johor)  btmayay  q.  v. 

HL     Eur.     A  buoy. 


Jo)    boyot   or   buyut.     L     Flabbiness,   of  flesh. 
^*      Perut  boyot :  flabby  obesity ;  a  stomach  which 
shakes  or  quivers  as  a  man  moves. 

n.     A  remote  ancestor ;  an  ancestor  in  the 
fifth  or  sixth  generation.     Also  moyot. 


LTO^    boyas.     Extreme  obesity ;  KL     Cf.  boyot,  I. 


BUYONQ 


[     X36    ] 


BiHASA 


jfcU)    buyong.     I.     A  water  vessel;  a  pitcher  with 
^         a  wide  mouth  and  narrow  neck;  Ht.  Abd,, 
292  ;  Ht.  Sh. ;  Ht.  Best. 

Tulang  kilek  buyong :  the  crest  of  the  ilium. 

IL  A  boy,  a  youth,  a  servant — when  it  is 
desired  to  avoid  mentioning  their  names. 

Si'buyong :  the  boy ;  that  boy. 

III.  Tonggeng-buyong :  aslant;  sloping; 
leaning  to  one  side ;  askew. 

^Jiy,  boyak,  I.  Tasteless,  odourless,  weak — as 
spoilt  tobacco,  Kl. 

1 1.  Very  much  opened  out,  as  the  ribs  of  a 
beamy  shallow  boat. 

Cfi^.  boyaB.  The  Island  of  Bawean.  Orang  6. :  a 
Boyanese. 

j>j>  bonyor.  Soft,  sappy, — of  fruit:  tender — of 
meat. 

C5t>^  bunyi.  L  The  impression  made  by  words 
or  sounds  upon  the  ear  or  mind;  sound, 
meaning,  accent ;  intonation.  Suwara-nya 
garu  lagi  hebat  bunyi-nya :  he  had  a  hoarse 
voice  and  harsh  intonation ;  Ht.  Abd.,  328. 
Sa-ptwhok  surat  demikiyan  bunyi-nya :  a  letter 
to  the  following  effect ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  36. 

Koyak  ta' -berbunyi :  being  torn  without  a 
sound;  telling  the  truth  without  being  be- 
lieved; Prov. 

B,  keridek  :  when  the  mole-cricket  is  heard  ; 
about  5  p.m.  or  5.30  p.m. 

Bunyi-bunyiyan  :  strains  of  music. 

Berbunyi:  to  sound,  to  sing  (of  birds). 

'Membunyikan :  to  pronounce,  to  enunciate ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  ig, 

II,     See  sembimyi, 

4j  bah.  A  flood;  an  inundation;  the  flow  of 
water  into  the  padi  fields  during  the  rains. 
Sha%r  bah  Singapura:  the  poem  of  the 
Singapore  floods— a  poem  describing  an 
inundation  of  Collyer  Quay. 

Cf.  sebak.  The  word  bah  refers  to  water  in 
motion,  sebak  to  still  water. 

^  boh.  (Singapore.)  Ornamental  cuttings  of 
paper  or  cloth ;  paper  decorations. 

<;    bihi.     Arab.     In  or  upon  him  ;  v.  bi  k^j 

(Sj^^^si    bahaduri.     Pers.     Knightly ;  brave  ;  warrior- 
like.     Bintang  b. :  the  star  of  a  knightly  order. 

iS'^^fi  bShadi.  Panic,  sudden  fits  of  fear,  the  evil 
influences  which  haunt  a  spot;  Ht,  Raj. 
Don.,  3.     See  badi, 

jl^  bah^r.  Arab.  Beauty,  sunrise;  Sh.  Kamp. 
Boy.,  4. 


jV^  bShara.  [Skr.  bhara,]  Load,  weight,  bur- 
den ;  a  somewhat  indefinite  measure  of  weight 
varying  from  400  to  600  lbs.  avoirdupois. 
Tolak  behara:  ballast.  See  Cr.  Hist.  Ind. 
Arch.,  Vol.  I.,  p.  276  (396 — 560  lbs.),  and  cf. 
with  Sej.  Mai.,  301,  302,  where  the  word  is 
used  of  only  ten  catties  or  about  14  ibs, 

JJ^*  bShani.  New,  newly.  Pulau  Pinang  pekan- 
nya  b^haru :  the  Island  of  Penang  has  a  new 
mart.     Tahun  bBharu  :  the  new  year. 

BeharU'lah  iya  datang :  he  has  just  come; 
then  only  he  came. 

Also  baru. 

lJ^Ht*  behari.  [Pers.  bahari.']  Excellent;  noble; 
ancient,  appertaining  to  the  good  old  times. 
Shah  ^alam  behari:  the  noble  lord  of  the 
world;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  35.  Menjadi  hina 
nama  yang  behari :  an  illustrious  name  will  be 
brought  to  discredit;  Ht.  Gul,  Bak.,  157. 
Taman  orang  yang  behari:  the  garden  of  a 
noble;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  5.  Zamdn  behari: 
the  past ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Berlainan  juga  dari- 
pada  behari  or  tidak  saperti  behari :  not  as  in 
the  past;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

U^\'  bdhasa.  I.  [Skr.  bhdsha,]  Language;  the 
use  of  proper  forms  of  address;  courtesy, 
civility,  manners.  B,  melaytt^:  the  Malay 
language.  jB.  inggeris:  the  English  language. 
B,  dalam :  the  court  language. 

Anak   China   bertimbang  madat, 

Dari  Mengkasar  langsong   ka-Deli ; 
Hidop  di'dunya   kita   ber*ddat^ 
Behasa   tidak   berjuwal   bUi : 
as  long  as  we  live  let  us  be  courteous ;  man- 
ners are   not   for  purchase   or  sale.     Behasa 
menimjokkan  bangsa  :  manners  reveal  descent ; 
Prov.,  J.   S.  A.  S.,  XL,  54.     Ttiwan-mu  itu 
tiyada  tahu  behasa :  your  master  has  no  breed- 
ing;  Ht.  Sh.   Mard.     Guru  daripada  behasa: 
a  teacher  of  language.     Apa  behasa  anak  galoh 
ini?     What   means    the   behaviour    of    this 
princess  ?     Why  does  the  princess  behave  in 
this  way  ?     Ht.  Mas.  Ed. 

Budi  behasa :  good  taste  and  courtesy ;  tact 
and  breeding. 

Jalan  6. :  idiom. 

Juru  6. :  an  interpreter, 

Korang  6. ;  discourteous,  lacking  in  manners. 

Berbehasa :  polite. 

Membehasakan :  to  prescribe  a  formal  method 
of  address ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  24. 

Perbehasaan :  way,  manner  of  speaking ; 
Arabian  Nights,  402. 

II.  Skr.?  Softly,  lightly,  slightly,— an 
attenuative  which  softens  or  tones  down  the 
force  of  the  preceding  word.  Sepuhi-sepuhi 
b, :  softly  blowing — of  the  wind.  Matahari 
pun  suram  behasa  (Ht.  Sh.  Kub.),  or  redup- 
rHup  behasa  (Ht.  Sh.  Kub.) :  the  sun  was 
slightly  overcast.  Mengantok-ngantok  behasa  : 
gently  nodding;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Gila  behasa: 
slightly  mad,  eccentric;  Sej.  Mai.  Rambut- 
nya  kusut-kusut  behasa :  his  hair  was  some- 
what matted;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed.,  61. 


b£:hagi 


[  137  ] 


BIYAWAS 


?w 


1^ 


bShagi.  Division ;  apportionment.  B^hagi- 
yan :  a  share ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 

bShala.  [Arab.  %, .]  Calamity ;  Sh.  Lamp., 
I,  14.     Better  bala,  q.  v. 

bShana.  Noise,  especially  the  confused  mur- 
mur of  many  voices. 

Bunyi  bihana  anak  panah :  the  whizzing  of 
arrov^s ;  Ht.  Hg.  Samb.  Gemuroh-lah  behana 
bala  berjalan :  the  sound  of  the  army  marching 
was  like  that  of  thunder ;  Cr.  Gr.,  13. 

Menghambori  b, :  (lit. :  to  allow  one's  cries  to 
flow  forth)  to  weep-— expressed  in  very  courtly 
language;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  32.  Mingambor 
b,  :  id.,  Sh.  Sh.  Ah,  2. 

b§haya.  [Skr.  bMya,]  Danger.  Mara 
bihaya  :  id.  Suwatu  pun  tiyada  behaya-nya  : 
there  is  no  danger,  Behaya  bcrsalin :  the  dan- 
gers of  childbirth.  Behaya  dunya  akhirat :  the 
dangers  of  the  world  to  come;  the  risk  of 
hell-fire  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  280. 

Berbehaya:  dangerous. 

bahtera.  [  Skr.  vdhUra,  ]  A  ship — more 
poetic  than  perahit,  Perahu  bahtera  raja :  the 
king's  vessel ;  Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  2.  Laksana  bah- 
tera di-ayim  gelombang :  like  a  vessel  tossed  by 
the  waves;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  11. 

Akhbar  nan  laksana  sa-buwah    bahtera 
Di-awak-nya  sarat  intan  mutiyara: 

a  newspaper  is  like  a  vessel  deep-laden  with 
diamonds  and  gems;  Bint.  Tim.,  16  Jan.,  1895. 

BahtBra  is  also  used  with  special  reference 
to  Noah's  Ark. 


j^^   bahar.    Arab. 


Beautiful. 


(3^    bahak.     Arab.     Scabby,  leprous. 

^y^^  bahkan  or  behkan.  A  strong  affirmative ; 
=  yea,  yes,  what  is  more,  besides ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  17;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  20,  73;  Ht. 
Hamz.,  86. 

iS^  bShagiya.  [Skr.  bhdgya,]  Fortune; 
blessed  ;  a  blessing.  Mendapat  bihagiya  itu  : 
to  obtain  that  blessing;  Ht.  Abd.,  468.  Ber- 
behagiya-lah  saiyidi :  blessed  be  my  Lord !  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  62.  Behagiya-nda :  the  blessed 
one,=  baginda,  q.  v.  Hamba  Allah yang  beha- 
^iya :  the  blessed  servants  of  God ;  the  saved, 
in  contradistinction  to  the  lost  subjects  of 
God  (hamba  Allah  yang  chelaka);  Bost.  Sal. 

U.^*  bahwa.  [Skr.  bhdwa:  the  existence  of  any- 
'  thing.]  A  word  used  at  the  opening  of  a 
sentence  in  the  same  way  as  adapun,  and  al- 
kisah,  with  the  meaning:  '*  the  story  is,"  '*the 
facts  are."  Bahwa  sa-sunggoh-nya :  in  very 
truth ;  verily,  verily. 


j^    bahi,     Arab.     Beautiful,  grand,  glorious,  rich. 


OMri 


w^^Ui 


t5/W 


bShina.  [Pers. :  best.]  Good,  excellent ;  Sh. 
Yat.  Nast.,  158;  Sh.  Bid.  (Leyd.),  294.  Ti- 
yada behina  :  not  to  trouble  oneself,  not  to  care 
or  take  to  heart. 


MembBhinakan 
about. 


to  pay  attention  to,  to  care 
Also  bina  and  bena. 


C^    be'.     Turk.     A  bey ;  a  minor  Turkish  dignitary. 

i^,  beya  or  biya.  I.  Tolls;  duties;  taxes — 
especially  Customs  dues;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  99; 
Majm.  al-Ahk.,  395.  Biyan-biyan ;  bebiyan; 
or  pebiyan  :  a  Custom  house. 

n.     The  cowrie  shell. 

IH.     Datm  biya  :  a  plant,  mitragyne  speciosa. 


U-W 


biadab  or  biyadab.  [  Pers.  privative  be, 
and  adab;  Arab,  and  Pers.:  respect.]  Dis- 
respect ;  wanting  in  respect ;  unmannerly. 
Biyadab  sa-kali :  most  disrespectful ;  Ht. 
Hamz,,  42.  Hendak  di-katakita  biyadab:  they 
will  say  we  are  unmannerly ;  Ht.  Best. 


biyasa.  [Skr.  abhydsa.]  Acquaintance  with 
a  person,  object,  or  process;  knowing  any 
one  ;  accustomed  to  doing  anything.  Saiyid 
Yasin  tHah  biyasa  dengan  aku :  Said  Yasin  had 
made  my  acquaintance.  Menjadi  biyasa-lah 
iangan-ku  memBgang  kalam  :  my  hand  became 
accustomed  to  holding  a  pen.  Alah  bisa  uleh 
biyasa  :  mere  theoretical  knowledge  yields  to 
actual  experience ;  Prov, 

Biyasakan :  to  accustom  (oneself)  to  anything ; 
to  practise,  to  exercise.  Jangan  engkau  biya- 
sakan mBnulis  malam :  do  not  get  into  the  habit 
of  writing  at  night ;  Ht.  Abd.,  39.  Membiya- 
sakan :  id.,  Ht.  Abd.,  164. 


biyapfiri.  Pers.  A  trader;  a  merchant;  Sh. 
Bid.,  12,  94;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  28;  Ht.  Koris; 
Ht.  Ham^.,  5,  etc.  Dagang  biyaperi :  strangers 
and  merchants ;  traders  from  foreign  parts. 

In  Kedah  this  word  is  pronounced  bay  apart. 


/;U    bayan,     Arab.     Clear,  plain,  visible,  obvious. 

MBmbaydnkan  :   to  make  clear,  to  explain,  to 
elucidate,  to  render  obvious. 

Terbaydn4ah  nyata :    quite    clear,    obvious, 
plain. 


lTJ 


L 


biyawas. 

jambu  biji. 


Jambu    biyawas :    the    guava ;  = 


18 


BIYAWAK 


[    138    ] 


BETEK 


d>^ 


J^. 


The  ** iguana"    or  monitor,  Sej. 
Also  (Kedah)  bewak.     In  proverbs 


biyawak, 

Mai.,  86. 

the  monitor  is  a  typical  unclean  beast.     Men 
dukong  biyawak  hidop  :  to  fondle  a  live  monitor ; 
to  take  an  unclean  beast  into  one's  arms;  Prov. 
Niyat  hati  nak  pUok  gunong, 
Sudah   berpUok    bewak   chUaka : 

it  was  my  wish  to  embrace  a  mountain  and  I 
found  a  dirty  monitor  in  my  arms ;  I  expected 
honour  and  only  found  disgrace ;  Prov.  Be- 
wak kudong  masok  kampong :  a  short  monitor 
entering  a  village ;  a  man  falling  among  ene- 
mies ;  Prov.  Lidah  b. :  a  monitor's  (forked) 
tongue  ;  deceptive,  double-faced ;  Prov. 

B,  pasir  :  a  species  of  monitor  ;  hydrosaurus 
bivittatus, 

B.  punggor :  a  short,  thick,  monitor-lizard ; 
hydrosaurus  salvator. 

Other  varieties  recognized  by  Malays  are 
6.  puru,  b,  gabok,  b.  tikus,  b,  tembaga  and 
6.  kudong, 

Puru  b.  :  a  jungle  fruit  (unidentified). 

Membiyawak  :  to  lie  on  the  stomach ;  to  crawl 
as  a  lizard. 

biyawan. 

identified). 


An    edible  freshwater    fish   (un- 


biyaya.  [Skr.  vydyd,]  Cost ;  expense ;  pro- 
perty for  expending ;  capital.  Bilek  iiu  berisi 
herta  akan  biyaya  patek :  the  room  is  full  of 
property  to  meet  my  expenses;  Ht.  Mash., 
53«  /^^«  berlebeh-lebehan  pun  herta-nya  tiyada 
di-biyayakan-nya  pada  diri-nya  dan  pada  akhi- 
rat :  even  if  the  wealth  was  greater  it  could 
not  be  expended  both  on  selfish  interests  and 
in  the  interests  of  eternity;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
31. 

bebet  or  bibit.  Carriage  in  the  hand;  the 
lifting  of  light  objects  with  the  fingers;  Sej. 
Mai.,  153.     Also  bimhit, 

bibir.     The  lip,  or  lip-like  edge  of  anything. 

Bibir-nya  nipis :  he  had  thin  lips.  Bibir-nya 
yang  di-atas  itu  menongkat  hidong-nya:  his 
upper  lip  served  as  a  prop  to  his  nose.  Bibir- 
nya  tebal :  he  was  thick-lipped. 

B.  chawan :  the  edge  of  a  tea-cup. 

B,  juweh  :  a  hanging  lower  lip. 

B.  mata :  the  fringe  of  the  eyelid. 

B,  meleweh :  a  very  open  lower  lip,  a  lower 
lip  which  exposes  the  teeth  when  the  mouth 
is  at  rest. 

B.  mulut:  the  lips.  Tanani  tebu  di-bibir 
mulut:  to  plant  sugar-cane  on  the  lips;  to 
cultivate  a  plausible  manner  concealing  a  false 
heart;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  94. 

B,  tangan :  the  side  of  the  hand ;  the  further 
side  from  the  thumb.     Also  tembiring  tangan, 

Bibiran  :  a  talkative  person ;  a  babbler. 

A  lor  bibir:  the  hollow  between  the  nostril 
and  the  centre  of  the  upper  lip.  Also  lorah 
hidong* 


LTt^ 


bebas.  Freedom ;  liberty  from  restraint,  free- 
dom to  be  familiar;  license.  Bebas  sapBrti 
orang  dalam  rumah-nya :  as  free  as  if  he  was 
in  his  own  house.  Orang  China  Tien-te-hoe 
itu  tBrlalu  bebas-nya:  the  Chinese  of  the 
Heaven  and  Earth  Society  took  great  liberties 
(i,  e,  violated  the  law  in  the  most  daring 
way);  Ht.  Abd.,  325.  Bebas-lah  iya  masok 
kaluwar  istana  raja :  he  was  free  to  go  in  and 
out  of  the  raja's  palace;  Ht.  Gh.  MHjadi 
bebas4ah  hamba  raja  di-dalam  nBgiri:  the 
raja's  followers  did  what  they  pleased  in  the 
State;  Pel.  Abd.,  22.  Kebebasan:  liberty  from 
restraint ;  Ht.  Abd.,  258. 


tjt^    bebek.    Jav.     A  duck ;  Kam.  Kech.,  5. 
Chakar  b. :  a  plant ;  cotyledon  laniata  ? 


O^ 


iS^' 


beban.     Wicked, 
disobedient. 


disobedient ;     obstinately 


Budak  nakal  sangat  beban, 

Tiyada  sa-kali  menengar  chakap : 

the  stupid  boy  is  most  disobedient ;  he  pays 
no  attention  to  anything  that  is  said  to  him. 

bibi.  Hind.  Mistress,  lady, — a  title  given  to 
Hindoo  females  by  Malays;  an  aunt,  especially 
a  younger  sister  of  a  parent ;  (by  euphemism) 
a  mistress  of  a  brothel ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  62. 


bait.  I.  Arab.  House,  seat,  dwelling. 
Baitu  Hlah  :  the  House  of  God.  BaituH-mdl : 
literally,  the  Exchequer,  the  Treasury,  but 
used  more  frequently  in  the  sense  of  an 
Escheat,  or  of  property  reverting  to  the 
Crown. 

Baitu'l-mukaddas :  Jerusalem,  Mith.  Sar.,  56; 
Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  86.  BaituHhardm :  the 
great  temple  at  Mecca  or  any  great  central 
temple. 


n. 

Yat. 


Hind.     A   rhyming  couplet;    Ht.  Ism. 


biynt.      Biyang-biyut : 
different  directions. 


zigzag,    extending    in 


beta.  Hind.  Slave,  servant;  an  expression 
used  as  a  pronoun  of  the  first  person  by  rajas 
and  people  of  rank  when  addressing  equals; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  239.  Sahdbat  beta :  my 
friend ;  —  an  expression  used  by  West  Coast 
rajas  to  describe  an  equal  when  addressing 
him ;  =  sahdbat  kita,  on  the  East  Coast. 

Membeta :    to   use    the   word    beta   in   one's 
speech.     See  also  beti. 


,3^    betek.     Betek-betek:  a  bird  something  like  a 
long-tailed  swallow. 

Ikan  betek'betek  :  a  fish  (unidentified). 


BETI 


[    139    ] 


BIDAS 


jj<j  beti.  I.  [Hind.  Feminine  of  beta,  q.  v.] 
Female  slaves;  maids  in  attendance  on  a 
princess;  female  servants  in  a  court.  Beti- 
beti  p^rwara  ;  a  retinue  of  attendant  damsels. 
Sometimes  corrupted  to  binti. 

II.     [Skr.  vitti,']     Tanda  beti  ::=icorpus  delicti, 
j^    bejar.     [Pers.  be-zar,']     Out  of  humour. 

,3?^.  bijak.  [Skr.  An  abbreviation  of  o^'**^  bijak- 
Sana,  q.  v.]  Wisdom ;  prudence ;  sage,  cau- 
tious, learned. 

Sunggoh-pun  bijak  orang  sekarang^ 
'Ilmu-nya  banyak  paham-nya  korang  : 

although  the  present  generation  is  learned, 
it  knows  very  much  and  understands  very 
little;  Marsd.  Gr.,  211. 

Bijak  laksana :  a  corruption  of  bijaksana, 
q.v. ;  *Ht.  kaj.  Bdk.,  32. 

^j^.  bijil.  (]rw,  wijil.)  Bijil  pasiban  :  galleries  in 
a  Javanese  palace  or  hall  of  audience ;  Ht. 
Mas.  Ed. 

-n5^  bijan.  Jav.  The  name  of  a  plant;  sesamum 
indicum  ;  =  (Malay)  lenga.  Menabor  bijan  ka- 
tasek :  to  sow  sesamum-seed  on  a  lake ;  to 
waste  sweetness  on  the  desert-air ;  Prov. 

^c^  bijeh.  Tin  dust  ;  tin  obtained  by  washing ; 
alluvial  tin. 

B.  bay  am  :  fine  light-coloured  tin  dust. 

B,  kachang:  coarse  gravel-like  particles  of  tin. 

B,  selaseh  :  deep  black  fine  tin  dust. 

Baiu  b, :  galena. 

Siput  bijeh  laut :  a  small  marine  shell  (un- 
identified). 

^^^^  biji.  A  seed ;  a  grain ;  a  pip ;  a  particle ;  a 
descriptive  prefix  or  numeral  coefficient  used 
with  the  names  of  small  objects, — sometimes 
interchangeable  with  buwah,  or  butir,  Sa-biji 
dtiriyan:  =  sa-buwah  duriyan;  a  durian;  Ht. 
Abd.,  413.  Duwa  biji  peluru ;  Ht.  Abd.,  69  ; 
or  duwa  butir  peluru :  two  pellets  or  slugs. 
Sabiji  anak panah ;  an  arrow;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
Duwa  bijijari:  two  fingers;  Ht.  Hamz.,  54. 
Duwa  bijinesan  :  two  tombstones  ;  Sh.  May.,  6. 

B,  kelBnjar :  (Riau,  Johor)  the  lymphatic 
glands ;  also  (Kedah)  b,  kelenjer. 

B,  limaUy  or  limau  berbiji :  an  expression 
used  to  describe  bad  rice,  many  grains  of 
which  remain  hard  in  a  dish  of  boiled  rice. 

B,  mata :  eye-ball  (Ht.  Abd.,  30,  77)  ;— used 
sometimes  as  a  term  of  endearment ;  the  apple 
of  one's  eye ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  43. 

B,  nangka :  (i)  pips  of  the  jack-fruit ;  (2)  a 
small  gimlet.  Ikan  biji  nangka :  the  name  of 
a  fish.  Tikus  biji  nangka:  a  kind  of  field- 
mouse. 

B.  ratap  :  tears,  lamentations;  Ht.  Sh.  Also 
b.  sabok  and  b.  sabak. 


^- 


B,  timun:  pips  of  gourds  and  melons;  a 
symbol  descriptive  of  the  lozenge  pattern. 
Retak  6.  timun :  the  peculiar  lozenge-shaped 
pattern  sometimes  formed  by  the  lines  on  the 
inner  side  of  the  joints  of  the  finger. 

Biji  is  sometimes  used  with  the  meaning 
testes, 

bechang.     Bechang-bechok :  the  sound  of  angry 
voices  in  altercation. 


^J^,    bechak.     Muddy,  soft,  sloppy,  slushy, — of  the 

ground ;  a  swampy  place  ;  the  muddy  part  of 
the  road ;  Ht.  Abd.,  237,  336,  410 ;  Pel.  Abd,, 
33;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  49.  Tidak  hujan  lagi 
bechak  inikan  pula  hujan  :  muddy  enough  even 
when  it  is  not  raining,  and  now  we  have  it 
raining  as  well ;  bad  enough  at  any  time,  but 
now  worse  than  ever ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  95. 

^3^.  bechek.  Jav.  Slushy,  muddy,  a  puddle ; 
used  in  Johor  with  the  meaning  of  pounding, 
mincing,  mixing  or  otherwise  softening  food 
for  an  infant  to  eat. 

^J^,  bechok.  L  Bechang-bechok :  the  sound  of 
angry  voices  in  altercation. 

II.     Ikan  bechok  :  a  fish,  novacula  rufa, 

j^^    bichu.     A  screw  jack. 

Juj  beda.  Skr.  Distinction;  difference.  Siha- 
rang  ini  beda  terlalu :  things  are  very  different 
now;  Marsd,  Gr.,  211.  Beda-nya per^mpuwan 
dengan  laki-laki  juga  :  women  are  different  to 
men ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

Membedakan  :  to  distinguish,  to  differentiate 
between.  M.  benar  dan  salah :  to  distinguish 
truth  from  falsehood  ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

Perbedaan  :  difference,  distinction  ;  Pel.  Abd. 

Ju;  bida.  I.  An  abbreviation  of  the  proper  name 
Bidasari;  Sh.  Bid.,  31. 

II.  An  abbreviation  of  the  word  bidadariy  a 
nymph  of  Indra's  heaven;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.,  8. 

III.  A  damsel  about  the  court  (pengasoh, 
inangy  dan  bida) ;  Sh.  Sh.  AL,  30. 

jJui  bedar.  A  one-masted  ship  used  as  a  state 
pBrahu, 

jXj    bidor.     A  slab  of  tin  weighing  about  2f  lbs. ; 
'a  rough  mass  of  smelted  tin. 


cT^, 


bidas.  A  blow  given  by  an  elastic  or  flexible 
body  when  tension  is  suddenly  removed. 
J^rat  bidas:  a  snare,  in  which  the  victini's 
movements  release  a  spring  which,  in  its 
turn,  tightens  a  noose. 

Kayu  pembidas :  the  stakes  used  to  close  up 
the  entrance  to  an  elephant  trap. 


BIDANG 


[    140    ] 


BIYAR 


t^- 


rjj  bidang.  I.  Spacious ;  spreading ;  broad ;  ex- 
tensive; covering  a  wide  surface;  a  descriptive 
prefix  or  numeral  coefficient  before  the  names 
of  objects  such  as  sails,  mats,  awnings,  etc., 
which  cover  a  large  surface  when  spread  out. 
Dada-nya  bidang :  broad-chested;  Ht.  Abd., 
86,328;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Kub. ;  Sh.  Bid.,  21. 
Sh.  Ik.  Ter.,  2;  Ht.  Sh.  Bahu-nya  bidang: 
broad-shouldered;  Ht.  Raj.  SuL,  8.  Sa-bidang 
kajang:  a  kajangy  or  awning  of  mBngkuwang 
leaf;  Pel.  Abd.,  8. 

Pembidang  or  (more  usually)  pimidang :  a 
frame  on  which  cloth  is  stretched  for 
embroidery, 

n.  A  palm  cabbage;  palm  shoots;  coco-nut 
cabbage. 


^J^i    bedak.     Division  into  shares;  partition  into 
equal  parts. 


jJuj   bedek. 


Membedek :     to    look    at     anything 

through  one  eye  only,  the  other  being  closed, 
as  when  a  man  aims  a  gun  or  looks  through 
a  telescope ;  to  aim.  Kita  berkelip  sama  sama 
bedek  :  we  blinked,  closing  our  eyes  together ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

^J^    bidak.     [Arab.  3A5. .  ]     A  pawn  at  chess. 
Buwang  6. :  giving  the  odds  of  a  pawn. 


^Xj   bidok, 


I.     A  small  fishing  boat  able  to  carry 

five  or  six  men ;  Sh.  Si  Lemb. 

Kutu  6. :  the  small  beetles  that  infest  the 
lockers  and  lower  timbers  of  ill-kept  boats. 

II.  A  protuberance  of  skin  on  the  necks  or 
under  the  ears  or  eyes  of  animals,  if  such  a 
protuberance  is  not  the  result  of  disease  but 
is  congenital. 

JJuj  bidal.  I.  [Port.  dedaL]  A  thimble.  Also 
didal,  lidal  and  sarong  jari.  In  Kedah  sarong 
jari  only.     In  Selangor  lidal. 

II.  A  proverbial  saying;  a  dictum  of  some 
wise  man  of  the  past  which  has  been  handed 
down  from  generation  to  generation. 

^Juj  bidan.  [Skr.  widwdnS\  A  midwife;  Sej. 
MaL,  64.  Jikalau  beranak  ikut  kata  bidan :  in 
a  confinement  it  is  well  to  obey  the  midwife ; 
when  in  difficulties,  listen  to  the  voice  of 
experience;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  103. 
Beranak  tiyada  berbidan :  to  be  confined  with- 
out a  midwife  ;  painful  folly  ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  30. 

Balas  b. :  a  festival  or  reception  held  forty 
days  after  the  birth  of  a  child. 

PBnempah  b. :  the  retaining  fee  given  to  a 
midwife  to  secure  the  use  of  her  services 
when  required. 

Upah  b, :  the  fee  paid  to  a  midwife  for  her 
services.     Also  upah  beranak. 


^aJui  baiduri»  [Skr.  vaidurya.]  A  generic  name 
for  cat's-eyes,  opals  and  other  gems  of 
secondary  value ;  Cr.  Gr.,  83 ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata ; 
Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  etc. 

B.  bUid:  an  opal  the  lustre  of  which  varies 
in  intensity  and  colour  as  the  position  of  the 
gem  is  changed. 

B.  bulan:  an  opal  of  which  the  centre  of 
lustre  seems  fixed. 

B.  olong :  a  yellow  opal. 

JS.  pandan  :  a  sea-green  stone. 

Chongkak  6. ;  a  shell ;  cyprcea  caput  serpentis. 

iS^.  bidai.  I.  A  long  narrow  strip  of  rattan  such 
as  is  used  in  making  mats  or  native  blinds ; 
"chicks,"  blinds.  Permaisuri  pun  membuka- 
kan  bidai :  the  queen  lifted  up  the  blinds ;  Ht. 
Koris.  Bidai  panchalogam :  blinds  where 
beads  and  narrow  cylinders  of  many-coloured 
glass  take  the  place  of  strips  of  rattan ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Meng. 

Balong  b. :  an  evil  spirit  supposed  to  live  in 
rivers  and  to  have  the  form  of  an  open  mat 
in  which  it  envelopes  and  drowns  its  victims ; 
C.  and  S. 

Ular  6.,  ular  balong  6.,  ular  balam  6.,  or  ular 
gulong  b. :  the  name  of  a  very  venomous  thin 
and  long  sea-snake.  Ular  bidai  datang  mem- 
belit  dayong  segala  raja-raja :  the  sea-snakes 
came  and  wound  round  the  oars  of  the 
princes;  Ht.  Koris. 

BBrbidai'bidai :  in  long  thin  stripes,  as  the 
livid  marks  on  a  boy's  back  after  a  severe 
caning. 

II,  A  hurricane,  =  badai  ;  Pijn. 

III.  The  goal  or  '* house"  in  some  games 
played  by  Malay  children. 


Jui  bedza.  [Skr.  beda.']  Differentiation,  distin- 
guishing between ;  v.  beda, 

j^  bira.  A  name  given  to  a  number  of  aroids ; 
better  birah,  q.  v. 

^  biyar.  L  Permitting;  allowing;  letting;  not 
hindering.  The  word  is  also  used  idiomatically 
in  the  sense  of  **may,"  *'no  matter  if." 
Biyar  puteh  iulang  jangan  puteh  mata:  no 
matter  though  you  die,  do  not  allow  yourself 
to  be  put  to  shame ;  Prov.  Biyar  burok  kain 
di'pakai  asal  pandai  mengambil  hati:  let  him 
wear  old  clothes  if  he  chooses,  so  long  as  he  is 
skilful  in  winning  the  hearts  of  men ;  Prov. 

Biyarkan  :  to  permit,  to  allow.  Di-biyarkan- 
nya  barang  kBhendak-nya :  anything  he  wished 
was  allowed  him ;  Ht.  Abd.,  477. 

II.  C hacking  biyar-biyar :  intestinal  worms. 
Biyar-biyar  naik  ka-mata :  the  worms  get  at 
last  to  the  eyes ;  a  play  on  the  word  biyar,  to 
allow;  i.  e.  allow  one  thing  and  allow  another 
and  you  are  ruined  in  the  end;  Prov.,  see 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  100. 


BERET 


[    141    ] 


BIBI 


w^  beret.  Cheret-beret :  protracted,  dragging  on 
unfinished — of  work ;  constant  of  the  flow  of 
anything,  seemingly  interminable;  Sh.  Panj. 
Sg.  191  (ayer  kenching-nya  cheret-beret). 

*-"4^  birat.  A  scar,  on  the  mouth  ;  traces  of  itch 
or  eczema  round  the  mouth  ;  cf.  parut, 

[Jtr^,  beras  or  biras.  The  connection  between 
men  who  have  married  sisters  or  between 
women  who  have  married  brothers ;  —  a  con- 
nection by  marriage  only. 

^^  berang.  L  Anger;  wrath;  incensed; 
angered ;  furious;  the  rise  of  passion.  Hati  b. : 
angry  feelings ;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  16;  Sh,  Sg. 
Ranch.,  14;  Ht.  Koris, 

Kalau   ku  ttiriit  hati  yang   berang, 
Nama  yang   baik  jadi  binasa: 

if  I  give  way  to  my  angry  feelings,  my  good 
name  will  perish  for  ever. 

Berbangkit  b. :  to  get  excited ;  to  get  angry ; 
Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.  Naik  b, :  id.  Memberang : 
id.;  Sh,  Abd.  Mk.,  55;  Sh,  Peng,,  11;  Sh. 
Sg,  Ranch.,  15. 

II.  Ular  b, :  a  dangerous  snake  mentioned 
in  romances.  Dengan  sa-kutika  itu  juga  men- 
jadi  ular  berang :  he  became  a  berang  snake  in 
a  moment ;  Ht.  Roris. 

P/i;    biring.     L     A  disease  of  the  eyes  ;    a  running 
^         of  matter  or  blood  sometimes  involving  loss  of 
hair  on  the  lower  eyelid. 

II.  Light  red  or  yellowish,  as  a  fighting- 
cock  of  this  colour. 

Hendak  piichok,  puchok-lah  jering, 
Jering  ta'-biyasa  puchok  di-dahan; 

Hendak    kukok,    kukok-lah   biring, 
Biring  ta'-biyasa   kalak  di-medan : 

if  you  wish  to  crow,  crow  then,  my  fighting- 
cock,  my  fighting-cock  that  knows  not  defeat 
on  the  plain  (pit.) 

Biring  sangka  naning :  a  variety  of  this  colour 
in  a  fighting-cock. 


^— V!^    bairup.     [Eng.  buoy-rope,] 
belt :  a  watermark. 


A  buoy  or  life 


^3/iJ    berak.     (Coarse.)     To  ease  oneself;  =  buwang 

ayer  besar,     Ht.  Sg.  Samb ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  26; 
Ht.  Abd.,  269;  J.  S.  A,  S.,  iii.,  30. 

OJ^*  berek.  Berek-berek,  or  beberek :  a  species  of 
fly-catcher,  a  bird  associated  in  Malay  super- 
stition with  the  Wild  Huntsman  of  the  forests 
(Hantu  Pemburu)  ;  J.  I.  A.,  i.,  307. 


r^ 


beram.  A  dark  colour ;  black,  or  dark  red, 
Sh.  Bid.,  36 ;  —  the  colour  of  the  old  Malacca 
fort,  according  to  the  Hikdyat  Koris, 


p/i*  biram.  An  elephant,  —  a  word  used  only  in 
romance  and  poetry,  gajah  being  the  word  in 
colloquial  use.  Berjuwang  b,  :  to  fight  on 
elephants;  Ht.  Roris,  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Ber- 
juwangkan  b. :  to  make  one's  elephant  fight ; 
Ht.  Roris.  B.  berjuwang:  a  war  elephant; 
Ht.  Roris.  Baginda  pun  naik  biram  yang 
menta :  the  king  mounted  a  rutting  elephant ; 
Sh.  Bid.,  122. 

J^-^   biramani.    A  string  of  corals ;  Rl. 


Xt^. 


birau.  Kachau-birau :  an  intensitive  of  kachau, 
(confusion) ;  extreme  complication  or  confu- 
sion ;  topsy-turvy ;  higgledy-piggledy. 


j^  biru.  I.  Blue,  light  blue,  azure.  Bunga 
biru  :  a  flower  ;  clitorea  ternatea, 

Bunga  chempaka  b, :  the  Frangipani,  plumiera 
acutifolia;  C.  and  S. 

Seroja  b. :  the  blue  lotus ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  79, 
126.     Tunjongb,:  id. 

Burong  biru  laut :  the  name  of  a  bird  of  the 
snipe  family :  limosa  melamira,  Cr. ;  liniosa 
cegocephala,  C.  and  S. 

jB.  lebam  :  deep  purple — as  the  weals  on  a 
boy's  body  after  a  thrashing ;  Ht.  Abd.,  158. 

Kebirti-biruwan  :  bluishness ;  Ht.  Abd.,  126. 

II.  Hartc  biru:  uproar;  confused  noise, 
meaningless  noise,  words  without  sense. 
Besar-lah  haru-biru :  great  was  the  uproar ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  248;  Sej.  Mai.,  90.  Bukan-lah  dari- 
pada  orang  haru-biru :  he  is  not  one  of  the 
noisy  class  of  individuals ;  Ht.  Best. 

Mengharu  biru  :  to  make  a  confused  babel  of 
words — as  a  number  of  people  all  talking  at 
once. 

Also  hiru-biru;  Sh.  Lamp.,  5. 

III.  Biru-biru  :  artificial  folds  in  clothing ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  95. 

oj\a  birah.  A  name  applied  to  various  aroids, 
chiefly  wild. 

B,  ayer :  aglaonenta  mavantifolium. 

J5.  hutan  :  cyrtosperma  lasioides. 

B.  kechil :  typhonium  divaricatum, 

B,  keladi  :  colocasia  antiquorum. 

c/b  bireh.  A  fence,  an  enclosure,  the  parapet  round 
a  palace  roof,  the  gunwale  of  a  ship;  Sej. 
Mai.,  163,  164.     Also  birai,  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw,  92. 

lSJ^.    birai.     See  bireh. 

fC^    biri.     Hind.     I.     Biri-biri :  sheep.        Saperti 

~    "*      kelakuwan    biri-biri  yang    amat   galak :    like 

threatening  rams ;    Ht.  Isk.   Dz.      Kambing 

biri-biri:    a  sheep,  in  contradistinction  to  a 

goat ;  Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  6. 

II.  Penyakit  biri-biri :  beri-beri.  This  word 
is,  however,  only  known  through  the  English, 
and  only  understood  in  the  Settlements. 


BIZURAI 


[    142    ] 


BISI 


fSj^jii    bizurai.     [Port,  vice-rey,]     Viceroy. 

. -mj    biyas.     Blown  somewhat  out  of  one's  course  ; 

^^  borne  by  stress  of  weather,  tides,  or  currents, 
to  a  place  above  or  below  the  point  intended 
to  be  gained.  Tun  Talani  pun  biyas  ka-Beru- 
nai:  Tun  Talani  was  borne  (by  stress  of 
weather)  to  Brunei;  Sej.  Mai.,  155. 

Hujan  6. :  a  shower  which  is  blown  past  one, 
to  one's  right  or  left, — as  opposed  to  a  storm 
blown  back  or  dispersed. 

(j**^    biyus.    [Pers.  {J>j^. .]   Loss  of  consciousness ; 

unconscious ;  in  a  swoon.  Ubat  i. ;  a  stupe- 
fying drug;  Ht.  Ganj.  Mara,  7;  Ht.  Hamz., 
24.  Sedar  daripada  biyus  :  to  come  to  oneself 
again  after  unconsciousness  ;    Ht.  Hamz.,  55. 


O^* 


*— «*-«*** 


^RiMUwO 


bisa.  I.  [Skr.  visha.]  Venom  ;  blood  poison  ; 
venom  such  as  that  of  a  snake,  scorpion, 
hornet  or  bee ;  blood  poison,  as  the  ipoh  on  an 
arrow  ;  the  poison  from  a  suppurating  wound 
or  boil  which  causes  pain  in  its  vicinity.  Ular 
minyusor  akar  buleh-kah  hilang  bisa-nya :  if  a 
snake  pushes  under  a  creeper  will  he  lose  his 
venom  ?  Does  a  great  man  lose  his  power  by 
assuming  humility  to  serve  his  selfish  ends  ? 
Prov,,  Ht.  Abd.,  79.  Pisau  senjata  tiyada 
bisa,  bisa  lagi  mulut  manusiya :  knives  and 
weapons  are  not  venomous  as  the  mouth  of  a 
man  can  be ;  Prov. 

Kebisaan  :  the  existence  of  venom,  poisonous 
or  venomous  qualities.  Maka  uleh  kebisaan 
jari-nya  itu  tiyada-lah  dapat  baginda  beradu : 
owing  to  the  pain  of  blood  poison  in  his 
finger,  the  King  was  unable  to  sleep  ;  Ht.  Gul, 
Bak.,  II. 

II.  (Batavia.)  Ability  to  do  anything;  = 
buleh.  This  word  is  only  known  in  the 
Peninsula  through  the  proverb :  alah  bisa  tdeh 
biyasa :  mere  knowledge  how  to  do  a  thing 
cannot  compete  with  practice  in  doing  it ; 
practice  is  better  than  theory. 


bisat.     (Penang.) 

=  tiyada  endah. 


Tiyada  bisat :    not  to  care  ; 


beser.  Incontinence,  consequent  on  disease, 
of  any  urinary  or  other  secretion  ;  incontinence 
of  urine ;  spermatorrhoea. 

bising.  Incessant  chatter ;  babbUng,  worry- 
ing with  continual  talk. 

Mimbisinghan  :  to  drive  a  person  distracted 
with  chatter,  to  take  (any  subject)  as  a  subject 
of  chatter;  Sh.  UL,  32. 

besok  and  bisok.     To-morrow ;  v.  esok. 

bisek.  Whispering,  speaking  in  a  low  tone  of 
voice.     Berbisek  :  to  whisper. 

Daun   lenggundi  di-dalam  jerami 
Mart  di'petek  di-dalam  perahu ; 

Apa  di'SBmbunyikan  kapada   kami, 
M^ski  berbisek  sehaya  ptm  tahu : 


^^^^^mM*.^ 


fti.<M4,iU 


t5**^ 


iS^' 


why  are  you  trying  to  keep  it  secret  from  me  ? 
Though  you  talk  in  whispers,  I  will  come  to 
know;  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  5. 

Birbisek'bisek :  to  carry  on  a  conversation  in 
whispers;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  44;  Ht.  Abd.,  317. 
BBrkata  berbisek-bisek :  id.;  Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  5. 

Bisekkan:  to  whisper  (anything) ;  Ht.  Abd., 
190;  Ht.  Bakht.,  22. 

bisul.  A  boil,  a  superficial  abscess  ;  Muj.,  65  ; 
Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  10. 

J5,  lada  :  a  small  boil. 

B.  mengangkut  nanah :  a  boil  coming  to  a 
head. 

B,  sebun  :  a  blind  boil. 

B,  selinap  :  an  eruption  of  boils. 

jB.  siisu  kubong :  a  boil  under  the  armpit. 

B.  ttmggal :  a  large  boil. 

besan.  The  relationship  between  persons 
whose  children  have  intermarried.  Berbesan  : 
to  establish  or  enjoy  such  a  relationship. 
Mari4ah  kita  berbesan,  anak-mu  akan  bini  anak- 
ku :  come,  let  us  establish  a  family  connection, 
let  your  child  marry  my  son  ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  13. 
Sangat  hendak  berbesan :  very  anxious  to 
establish  a  family  connection ;  Ht.  Koris. 
Beruleh  besan  :  to  obtain  a  family  connection  ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

bisu.  Dumbness  ;  dumb,  mute.  Di-buwat-nya 
diri  bisu  tiyada  tahu  berkata-kata :  he  pretended 
to  be  dumb  and  unable  to  speak ;  Ht.  Abd., 
321.  Bisu  saperti  guntor  membelah  bumi :  dumb 
like  the  noise  of  thunder  crashing  through  the 
earth ;  (by  metaphor)  the  noise  made  by  a 
dumb  man  trying  in  vain  to  speak. 

Sengau  6. :  very  indistinct  utterance  ;  talking 
through  the  nose  and  almost  unintelligibly; 
Sej.  Mai.,  134. 

bisai.  Well  dressed  or  got  up  in  every  detail ; 
everything  appropriate ;  consistent  excellence 
in  appearance.  'Ulamd  bisai:  the  dandified 
old  priest ;  Sh.  UL,  6.  Saperti  bisai  makan  sa- 
pinggan  :  like  dandies  eating  out  of  the  same 
plate;  a  highly  appropriate  and  successful 
combination ;  Prov. 

bisi.  [Hind,  bishi,  (fem.);  cf.  Skr.  visha, 
poisonous,  syphilitic]  Improper  behaviour  or 
bearing :  immodest  ( though  not  necessarily 
unchaste  )  conduct ;  a  term  of  abuse  applied  to 
courtesans. 

Bisi  chelaka  :  a  wretched  strumpet ;  Ht.  Best. 

Anak   iteky   anak   angsa, 

Bagi  padi  hendak    ka-dedak ; 
Bisi  kutok  bisi  chelaka 

Bagi  laki  hendak   ka-kBndak: 

give  rice  to  ducklings  or  goslings  and  they 
will  be  wanting  bran ;  give  a  husband  to  a 
wretched  strumpet  and  she  will  be  want- 
ing a  paramour ;  Prov. 

Berbisikan :  to  accuse  of  immodesty ;  to 
represent  (anyone)  as  unchaste ;  Sh.  Peng.,  g. 


BAIDL 


[    143    ] 


BEQAK 


(jO-j    baidl.     Arab.     Whiteness,  albumen, 


egg. 


^.    bai'.     Arab.     Trade,  traffic ;    Majm.  al-Ahk., 
12,  21,  40. 


^ 


biyang,     I.     Mother;  dam — of  animals.      B, 
iangan :  the  thumb. 

II.  Lascivious,  erotic;  sexually  excited. 
TirjBrit'jerit  bagai  kuching  biyang  :  screeching 
Hke  a  lascivious  cat ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III., 
28.     Usually  giyang  and  miyang. 

III.  Ikan  biyang'biyang :  a  fish  (unidenti- 
fied);   Sh.  Ik.  Ten,  7,  12. 

IV.  Biyang'biyut :  zigzag.  Also  piyang- 
piytit. 


bengut.     Tw^isted,  awry. 


ijj  bingit.  A  feeling  of  ill-defined  uneasiness ;  a 
sensation  of  impending  illness ;  to  be  out  of 
sorts,  to  be  not  quite  oneself. 


J^    bingar.     I.     Siputb,:  a  shell;  voluta  diadema. 
II.     Growling;  =  bingas,  q.  v. 


^Jui    bingas.     Menacing,   growling,  working  itself 
^  up  to  spring  or  charge — of  a  wild  animal ;  cf. 

bengts. 


C^J 


L^ 


bingong.  Dullness;  confusion  of  mind;  not 
to  have  one's  wits  about  one, — the  converse 
of  cherdek ;  temporary  dullness  of  intellect,  as 
when  one  is  dazed  by  unexpected  occurrences 
and  loses  one's  presence  of  mind.  Bingong 
ta'-dapatdi-ajar,  cherdek  ta'-dapat  di-ikut :  in  his 
dullness  he  is  not  to  be  taught,  in  his  shrewd- 
ness he  is  not  to  be  followed;  incorrigible 
when  dull,  and  an  unsafe  guide  when  shrewd ; 
Prov.  Cherdek  makan  si-bingong :  the  wise 
devour  the  dull;  the  fittest  survive;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  34.  Bingong  saperti  budak : 
taken  aback  like  a  child;  Sh.  Dag.,  11. 
Bingong  tiyada  ber^akal :  dullness  from  want 
of  intelligence;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  5. 


bepa.    Chin. 
Also  bepang. 


A  cake  made  of  rice  and  sugar. 


biyak.     I.     Increase  of  numbers  as  the  result 

of  reproduction  ;  fruitful,  prolific — of  animals. 
Sakaliyan-nya  menjadi  biyak :  they  all  multi- 
plied ;  Pel.  Abd.,  93. 

Daun  6.,  or  pokok  b, :  (Kedah  and  Perak)  a 
plant,  mitragyne  speciosa. 

Memamah  b. :  to  chew  the  cud. 


v3v-4  beka.  I.  Berbeka  :  to  talk  over  anything ;  to 
discuss  any  subject ;  to  gossip.  Sa-hari-hari 
dtidok  berbeka :  sitting  and  gossiping  day  after 
day;  Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  i.  Telah  stcdah  berbeka: 
when  they  had  discussed  it ;  Ht.  Best. 

II.  Kuweh  beka:  a  native-made  pastry ;  = 
kuweh  bingka.     Also  bika, 

III.  Pokok  beka:  (Kedah)  a  tree,  parkia 
roxburghii,  Keris  buwah  6. :  a  kerisy  the  point 
of  which  is  rounded  off  like  a  table  knife, — so 
called  from  its  resemblance  to  the  lower  end 
of  the  fruit  of  this  tree,  elsewhere  known  as 
petai. 


^    bikir.     [Arab.  ^  ]     Virginity ;  v,  ^  . 

iXj    bekang,  or  bikang.     A  cake;   a  small   pie, 
^  Sej.  Mai.,  82 ;  =  bingka  and  beka,  II  ? 


biken.     [Singapore  and  Penang.] 
make;  =  buwat ;  Ht.  Abd.,  346. 


To  do ;  to 


«^3s-<« 


biku.  I.  [Pali  bhikku,]  A  mendicant  Budd- 
hist priest ;  an  ascetic.  Segala  ajar-ajaran  biku 
berhamman :  all  the  disciples,  mendicants  and 
priests;  Ht.  Sh. ;  Ht.  Raj.  Bdk.,  49.  Biyar- 
lah  iya  menjadi  biku  kesoma  sakti:  let  him 
become  a  mendicant  (in  the  service)  of  the 
mighty  God  of  love;  Ht.  Koris.  Biku  ber- 
tapa  di-nmka  pintu :  the  mendicant  is  doing 
penance  before  the  gate ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

11.  A  zigzag  pattern;  carved  with  a  toothed 
edge  like  a  saw ;  cf.  bengkok^  ikut,  siku,  etc. 
Peti  h, :  a  box  with  a  carved  edge;  Ht.  Sh. 


bega.  Aiming  by  pointing  a  javelin  or  spear 
at  another  and  swaying  it  backwards  and 
forwards  before  hurling  it ;  holding  a  fighting- 
cock,  moving  it  towards  its  antagonist  and 
then  drawing  it  back  by  way  of  exciting  it ; 
Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  62. 

Buwah   rembega  di-bawah  dtdang 
Rama   rama  terbang  ka-Jawa; 

Adek  membega,   abang  membtdang, 
Sama-mma   membuwang  nyawa : 

the  younger  holds  the  bird,  the  elder  fastens 
the  spurs  on  it,  and  together  they  risk  their 
lives, 

Bega  is   also   used   of  holding   an   animal's 
throat  to  the  knife. 


v«a5w    begap.     Robust ;  firm  set ;  strongly  built ;  KI. 

rSco    begak.     Foppish;   dressed   up  to  the   nines. 
Membegak :  to  play  the  dandy  or  dude. 


BEOAL 


[    144    ] 


BELEK 


J^~ 


J« 


J=. 


begal.      Highway    robbery, 
commit  highway  robbery 
way  robber. 


M^mbegal :    to 
P^mbegal :  a  high- 


bela.  Atonement  by  blood;  blood-offering; 
sacrifice  (especially  suicide)  by  way  of  pro- 
pitiation or  revenge;  suttee.  Kalau  orang 
membunoh  hamba  raja  tujoh  orang  akan  beta- 
nya :  if  a  man  kills  a  retainer  of  the  prince, 
seven  lives  are  taken  in  return  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  22. 
Jangan-lah  tuwan  mengikut  bela  karena  tiyada 
*ddat  orang  p^rawan  bela:  do  not  commit 
suttee;  it  is  not  customary  for  maidens  to 
sacrifice  themselves  in  that  way;  Ht.  Sh. 

Bela  suduk :  (in  Bali)  suttee  by  the  kBris,  B. 
keterjunan :  suttee  by  merely  burning  without 
stabbing. 

Membeldi :  to  follow  to  the  grave  by  self- 
immolation.  MahU'kah  ttiwan  membelat  kima- 
tiyan  kakanda :  do  you  wish  to  follow  your 
lover  in  death;  Ht.  Perb,  Wij. 


^    bila.     I.     Time;  a  period  of  time.     Apa  b,  : 
at  what  time;  when  (interrogative). 

Barang  6. :  at  whatever  time ;  whenever. 

Bila-bila  :  the  times  when ;  the  dates  of;  Ht. 
Abd.,  880. 

Bila-kala  :  when  ;  at  the  time  at  which ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Jaya. 

Bila-mana :  whenever ;  Ht.  Zaly.,  52. 

n.  Orang  6. :  the  name  of  an  aboriginal 
tribe  of  the  Malay  Peninsula;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 
Also  wila. 


C-JUi  belut.  Desertion  to  the  enemy.  Hamba  ada 
belut  dart  dalam  kota :  I  am  working  in  your 
interests  from  within  the  fort  (in  a  traitor's 
letter  to  the  enemy) ;  Sej.  Mai.,  84, 

Takut  kapitan  China  itu  belut :  fear  lest  the 
headman  of  the  Chinese  should  go  over  to 
the  enemy ;  Pel.  Abd.,  64. 

Keris  6.  :  a  bent  crooked  keris, 
Cf.  belok, 

Jui    bUar.     The  infirmity  of  a  man  who  cannot 
"^^      see  things  as  well  if  ahead  of  him  as  by  a 
sidelong  glance ;  a  form  of  bad  sight. 

JLi  bilor.  A  blue  streak  or  stripe  on  the  flesh; 
a  weal ;  the  result  of  a  blow  from  a  rattan ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  24. 

(j**Lj  bilas.  I.  A  sort  of  second  washing;  washing 
in  fresh  or  scented  water  after  a  thorough 
bath  in  inferior  water.  Sa4Blah  sudah  bBrsiram 
maka  di-bilas-nya  pula  dengan  ayer  mawar : 
when  he  had  washed  himself,  he  bathed  him- 
self afresh  in  rose  water ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 


n. 


bilk,  n.,  q.  V. 


jjJLj    bills.     I.    Ikan  bilis,     A  fish  (unidentified). 

II.     Blear-eyed;  watery-eyed;  a  running  in 
the  eyes. 

IIL     To  take  up  a  good  position  in  a  game ; 
to  find  a  good  foothold  for  striking  at  a  ball. 


^~ 


^ 


IV.     Rtimput   bilis  jantan :  a  sedge,   cypertis 
haspan. 


bilang.  Reckoning;  numbering;  telling;  enu- 
meration ;  recounting.  Bintang  di-langit  dapat 
di-bilang:  they  can  number  the  stars  in  the 
sky;  Marsd.  Gr.,  211, 

Sa-bilang :  each,  every.  Sa-bilang  hart :  every 
day;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  71;  Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  2. 
Sa-bilang  tnalani :  every  night ;  Sh.  Kumb. 
Chumb.,  II.  Sa-bilang  nimah  :  every  house; 
Ht.  Sh.     Sa-bilang  wakUi :  all  times;  always. 

Bilangan :  (x)  enumeration,  method  of  reckon- 
ing (Ht.  Abd.,  384) ;  (2)  a  complete  period  or 
term ;  the  allotted  span  of  life.  Also,  ajal 
bilangan,  Belum  sampai  kapada  bilangan-nya 
akan  mati :  the  fated  term  had  not  yet  been 
arrived  at  for  his  death;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Yang 
bilangan  :  one  who  must  be  reckoned  with ;  a 
person  of  importance ;  =  terbilang,  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub. 

Bilangi :  to  make  a  count ;  to  hold  a  census ; 
to  work  out  a  total ;  to  number ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Membilangi :  id. 

Bilangkan :  to  take  account  of;  to  consider; 
Ht.  Abd.  Mefnbilangkan :  id.  Tiyada  mem- 
bilangkan  lawan-nya :  (literally)  to  take  no 
account  of  enemies ;  recklessness ;  a  spirit  of 
recklessness;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb;  Cr.  Gr.,  78. 

Membilang :  to  count ;  to  enumerate ;  to 
number. 

Membilang-bilang  :  to  keep  continually  count- 
ing, as  a  devotee  fumbles  the  beads  of  his 
rosary  or  as  an  astrologer  keeps  working  out 
his  calculations;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  3. 

Perbilangan  :  enumeration;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  25. 

Terbilang :  famous ;  of  account ;  well  known  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  47,  52,  153. 


JLi    belak.     To  open  out  folds  or  creases,  to  hold 

them  open — so  that  they  would  close  again  if 
the  hold  was  removed — as  distinct  from 
smoothing  them  out. 


^  belek.  The  close  ocular  examination  of  any- 
thing held  in  the  hand  near  the  eye — as  a 
watchmaker  looks  at  the  works  of  a  watch. 
Cf.  tilek,  which  refers  to  careful  survey  from 
a  greater  distance. 

Belek-belek  lihat:  to  look  carefully  at  any- 
thing; Ht.Abd.,  137. 


BELOK 


[    145     ] 


BENYAI 


vi^ 


belok.     To  luff,  luffing  up ;  (by  metaphor)  to 

turn,  to  go  off  in  another  direction,  (some- 
times) to  desert.  Di-belokkan perahu-nya :  they 
luffed  up;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  4.  Belokkan  kapal 
itu  ka-kiri :  turn  the  vessel  to  the  left ;  Ht. 
Isk.  Dz. 

Kalau   belay ar  jangan   berbelok, 
Kalau   berbelok  patah   tiyang-nya; 

Orang  muda  jangan  di-pelok, 

Kalau  di'pelok  patah  pinggang-nya: 

when  you  sail  do  not  go  luffing  up,  if  you 
luff  up  the  mast  may  give  way;  if  she  is  young 
do  not  embrace  her,  if  you  embrace  her  her 
waist  may  give  way. 

Bagaimana  tidak   ku   belok , 

Batu   berendam  sa-bilah  kiri ; 
Bagaimana   tidak-ku  pBlok, 

Sudah'ku  dendam  sa-lama   ini : 

how  can  I  avoid  luffing  when  a  sunken  rock 
lies  there  on  my  left ;  how  can  I  help  embrac- 
ing her  when  I  have  been  pining  for  her  for 
so  long. 
Belok  is  used  of  a  boat  or  native  perahu  luff- 
ing; the  word  in  use  among  lascars  is  gos. 
To  give  a  boat  way  is  ttirut.  To  desert  is 
properly  belut,  but  belok  is  used  in  the  Sh.  Raj. 
Haji,  the  two  words  being  probably  connected. 

bilak.     A  tree,  cegle  7narmelos, 

bilek.      A    chamber;    a    room.      Bilek    duwa 

buwah:  two  rooms;  Ht.  Mash.,  49.  Bilek 
p^raduwan;  abed-room;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak,,  106. 
Piiteri  duwa  sa-bilek :  two  princesses  in  a 
room ;  a  descriptive  equivalent  for  tepong 
bungkuSy  a  Malay  cake. 

belen.  A  wooden  roller  used  in  making 
pastry.     Cf.  chanai, 

bilau.  KachaU'bilau:  topsy-turvy,  higgledy- 
piggledy;  an  intensitive  of  kachau,  q.  v.  Also 
kachau  birau. 


aJUi    beloh.     (Riau.)     Stupid;  =  bodoh, 

^^,  bilah.  A  thin  strip  of  bamboo ;  a  large  splint ; 
a  descriptive  prefix  or  numeral  coefficient  of 
narrow  blade-like  objects  such  as  knives,  ^ 
chisels,  2  swords,  3  daggers,  4  hatchets,  5 
needles,  ^  teeth,  7  etc. 


bllai.     A  weal ;  usually  bilor,  q.  v. 

bima.  [Skr.  bhima,]  Sang-Bima:  Bhima, 
the  name  of  one  of  the  Pandawas  or  heroes 
of  the  Mahabharata;  the  brother  of  Arjuna 
and  Darmawangsa;  the  Sanskrit  Hercules;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb.     Bima  sakti :  the  Milky  Way ;  Cr. 


1  Ht.  Abd.,  300,  308;  2  Ht  Mash.,  49;  3  Ht.  Abd.,  106, 
397 ;  4  Ht.  Abd..  396;  5  Ht.  Gul.  Bafc..  90 ;  6  Sej.  Mai.,  19 ; 
7  Sh.  Ch.  Bir.,  4. 


Cnt 


L^ 


lT^' 


bena  or  bina.  [Pers.  behina :  best,]  Membena- 
kan:  to  care  or  trouble  oneself  about  any- 
thing; to  take  to  hediVt ;=endahkan.  See  (j^yi . 
Tiyada  betapa  bena  kapadaku  :  it  is  of  no  im- 
portance to  me ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama.  Tiyada  iya 
perbena  kata  tuwan  puteri :  he  paid  no  attention 
to  the  princess's  words;  Ht.  Sri  Rama. 
Rindu-ku  sangat  terlalu  bena :  my  longing  was 
very  intense ;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  12. 

Bunga  chempaka  jembangan  china, 
Mart   di'bungkus   dengan   kartds ; 
Sunggoh  inwan   bina   ta'-bina, 
Tuwan  di-hati  hardm   ta'4epas : 
whether  you  care  or  whether  you  do  not  care, 
your  image  can  never  leave  my  heart;  Sh. 
Pant.  Shi.,  3. 

bini.  Wife — less  respectful  than  istSri.  Anak 
bini:  children  and  wife;  wife  and  family; 
family. 

Berbini :  to  be  possessed  of  a  wife ;  to  be 
married — of  a  man. 

Apa  guna   berbini  chantek 

Kalau  tidak  dengan   budi-nya : 
of  what  use  is  it  to  have  a  pretty  wife  if  there 
is  no  virtue  in  her?    Ht.  Abd.,  97.     'AbduHkadir 
itu  ada  berbini :  Abdulkader  was  married. 

Berbinikan :  to  be  married  to.  Bh'binikan 
bidadari :  to  be  married  to  a  nymph  of  heaven ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Berbinikan  anak  perdana 
munteri :  to  marry  a  daughter  of  the  Prime 
Minister ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  84. 

beyo.  [Batav.]  A  kind  of  bird  with  certain 
limited  powers  of  speech ;  gracula  religiosa;  Ht. 
Ind.  Nata.     In  Peninsular  Malay:  tiyong, 

bewak.  (  Kedah. )  The  monitor  lizard ;  = 
(Riau,  Johor)  biyawaky  q.  v. 

biyuku.  A  species  of  tortoise;  J-  S.  A.  S., 
viii.,  120,  130.  Mata  b, :  (by  metaphor)  long- 
ing loving  looks,  sheep's  eyes. 

biyola.     [Port,    viola.]     A   viol,   a  violin,    a 
fiddle;  Ht.  Abd.,  293,  462. 
Apa  lauk  nasi  rendam? 
Sayor  petola  dinihari, 
Apa-lah  ubat  hati  yang  dendam  ? 
Gesek   biyola   tarekkan  nyanyi : 
what  is  the  cure  for  despairing  love?    The 
music  of  the  viol  and  the  notes  of  a  song ; 
Prov.,  Ht.  Gh, 
Haluwan  kepala  biyola :  fiddle-bows  in  a  ship. 

behaush  or  bihaush.  Pers.  Unconscious; 
in  a  swoon. 

Ubat  b. :  a  stupefying  drug.  Usually  biyuSy 
q.  V. 


^,,.^   benyut.    See  bengut. 
^Iw    benyek.     Soft  by  overboiling,  of  rice. 
^    benyai.     See  bennyai. 


19 


TA 


[    146    ] 


TiBt^T 


vi*        The  letter  id:  the  alphabetical  symbol  for 
the  number  400  in  the  Abjad,  q.  v. 

J    ta.     A  negative  prefix;  v.  td  L 

\3  ta.  I.  Also  ta\  a  particle  expressive  of  nega- 
tion ;  no,  not  (when  used  in  combination  with 
other  words.     Cf.  tidak. 

Mahu  ta'-mahu :  willy-nilly. 

Ta'-usah :  there  is  no  need  ;  it  is  unnecessary. 

Ta' 'dapat'tiyada,  or  tadapatiyada  :  there  is  no 
alternative ;  it  is  unavoidable ;  must. 

Ta  is  often  used  as  an  inseparable  negative 
prefix  ;  V.  o  . 

II.     The  name  of  the  letter  Cj  . 

zJ<^    tabut.     [Arab,  oy  t .]    The  Ark  of  the  Cove- 
nant; a  Kling  idol;  see  wJ>y.\j 

j*y  tabir.  Wall  hangings ;  curtains  hung  against 
a  wall  for  ornamental  purposes;  Sej.  Mai.,  gi, 
96;  Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  15;  Sh,  Ul.,  30;  Ht. 
Abd.,  177,  etc. 


.\: 


tabor.  I.  The  act  of  distributing  or  spread- 
ing small  particles  or  objects  over  a  surface ; 
scattered,  as  seed  when  sown  on  the  ground, 
(Muj.,  gi),  or  as  flowers  cast  upon  a  passing 
hero,  (Ht.  Sg.  Samb.),  or  as  the  stars  are 
scattered  over  the  sky,  (Ht.  Abd.,  295), 
Tabor  bijan  ka4asek  :  to  sow  sesamum  seed  on 
a  lake ;  to  waste  sweetness  on  the  desert  air ; 
Prov.  Naik  kuda  tabor  bunga  :  to  mount  and 
horse  and  scatter  flowers ;  to  scrape  a  coco- 
nut (kukor  nyior), 

Tanah  puteh   bench  hitamy 
Tabor  dengan   tangan, 
Kutib  dengan  mulut : 

on  a  white  ground,  using  black  seed,  to  sow 
with  the  hand  and  to  harvest  with  the  mouth ; 
to  write  a  letter. 

Taborkan :  to  have  anything  scattered ;  to 
scatter.     Menaborkan :  id. 

Menabor :,  to  scatter ;  to  perform  the  act  of 
scattering ;  to  sow. 

Bertaboran:  scattered,  spread  over.  Da- 
gangan  bertaboran  di4mgah  jalan :  goods  were 
scattered  in  the  middle  of  the  road;  Ht. 
Abd.,  115, 

Temabor :  scattered,  dispersed.  Bintang 
timabor :  a  constellation ;  the  Milky  Way. 

Cf.  hambor^  chamor,  etc. 


.b 


L^- 


b 


iyy 


cr. 


IJ^V 


IT  The  name  of  a  square-sail ;  the  second 
sail  (measuring  from  the  top  of  the  mast) ; 
the  sail  under  the  top-gallant  sail.  Bara 
tabor :  this  sail,  if  on  the  mainmast  of  a  full- 
rigged  ship.  Tabor  dot :  this  sail,  if  on  the 
foremast.  Kelemi  tabor :  this  sail,  if  on  the 
hindmast. 

tabong.  I.  A  vessel  made  out  of  a  single 
joint  of  bamboo  and  used  for  carrying  water 
or  any  other  liquid ;  a  carved  cup  of  bamboo. 

11.     Tabong  biinga  :  a  shrub,  ixora  pendula. 

tabak.     [Arab.    z,\^  .]     A  box,  a  casket  (  Ht. 

Ind.  Jaya;  Ht.  Sri  Rama;  Ht.  Koris;  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  67,  etc.) ;  the  name 
given  to  presents  of  food  given  to  departing 
guests  at  a  wedding  or  funeral  feast  when  the 
host  is  a  raja.     Cf.  berkat,  q.  v. 

tabek.     Greeting,  salutation.     Memberi  tabek  : 

to  greet,  to  courteously  salute  or  recognize. 
Minta  tabek  :  to  respectfully  excuse  oneself,  to 
apologize  in  advance  for  any  offence  that  may 
be  committed  in  ignorance,  or  for  any  un- 
intentional breach  of  etiquette. 


j-jb   tabok. 


Ikan  tabok  :  a  fish  (unidentified). 


^y    tabal.     I.     A  native  game,  something  like  the 
English  game  of  draughts. 

II.      [Arab.     AjUd  •]     A  kettledrum  used  at 

coronations  and  other  great  state  ceremonies  ; 
V.   J.\i,. 

^y\^    tabail.     I.     A  tree  yielding  a  variety  of  gutta, 
dichopsts  gutta, 

T.  merah :  id.  Getah  t, :  gutta  percha. 

11.     Tempayan  taban  :    a  large  jar  for  storing 
drinking  water  for  household  use. 


u   tabun 


Menahm  ; 
smoke:  Kl. 


to    rise    in    columns,    of 


t&bftt.  Arab.  The  Ark  of  the  Covenant ; 
(Penang  only)  a  Hindu  image  or  processional 
emblem,  ==  (Singapore)  kudu*  Bagai  tdbut 
keling;  di-luwar  kilat,  di-dalam  bSrongga :  Hke 
a  KHng  idol,  shining  without  but  empty  inside ; 
a  whited  sepulchre ;  all  is  not  gold  that  glit- 
ters; Prov, 


TABAH 


[    147    ] 


TAJAK 


Aju  tabah.  I.  A  hand's  breadth — used  as  a 
linear  measure.  T.  empat  jari ;  the  hand's 
breadth  minus  the  thumb. 

Cf.  tempap,  telempap,  and  pelhnpap, 

II.  Firm,  steadfast ;     Kl. 

III.  (Sungei  Ujong.)  A  small  tree,  ^two- 
nitis  jambosella. 

A^v  taboh.  I.  A  long  cylindrical  drum,  so 
placed  that  both  ends  can  be  beaten  simul- 
taneously, Ht.  Raj.  SuL,  11;  the  act  of 
drumming  with  a  stick  on  each  side  of  the 
drum.  Tabohkan :  to  beat  (a  drum);  Ht. 
Koris. 

II,  Tahuhan  or  tabohan :  a  hornet.  Pasir 
itii-pun  menjadi  taboh-tabohan  :  the  sand  was 
turned  into  hornets ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  The 
same  form  occurs  in  the  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.,  Ht. 
Ahm.  Md.,  61,  and  Ht.  Koris,  but  tebtiwan  is 

more  usual  in  colloquial  language;  v.  ^   t.        | 

III.  Ken  tabohan:  the  name  of  the  heroine  ! 
of  the  Shair  Ken  Tabohan  or  Shair  Raden  I 
Munteri,  a  poem  based  upon  a  Panji  Tale 
The  forms  tabuhan  and  tambohan  also  occur. 


-X^iVl    ta'abid.       Arab.    Eternal, 
perpetual ;  eternity. 


At-td'abtd:    the 


ijb    tatang.     The    act    of  carrying  or  supporting 
^         anything  on  the  upturned  palm  of  one's  hand 
or  on  any  similar  flat  or  slightly  concave  sur- 
face.    Tatang  di-anak  lidah :   carrying  on  the 
tongue  ;  a  practical  impossibility ;  Prov. 

Menatang :  to  carry  or  support  in  this  way. 
Saperti  menatang  minyak  yang  penoh :  like 
carrying  a  palm-full  of  oil  (a  process  neces- 
sitating great  care  to  avoid  loss  by  spilling ) ; 
a  proverbial  description  of  assiduous  attention 
paid  by  a  husband  to  a  wife  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  18  ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.;  Ht.  Koris;  Sh,  Abd.  Mk.,22, 
etc.  Di-tatang  permaisuri  siyang  dan  malam: 
he  watched  over  his  Queen  day  and  night ; 
Ht.  Best.,  18. 


VJu  tataL  A  shaving ;  the  long  paper-like  strips 
of  wood  removed  by  a  plane.  T.  halus :  id. 
Sa-keping  t,  :   a  single  shaving;  Sej.  Mai.,  52. 

^  V  tatu.  Jav.  Wounding  ;  a  flesh-wound,  espe- 
cially on  the  head. 

4.1u  tatah.  [Jav,  tatah=M3lay  pahat.]  The  pro- 
cess of  sinking  foreign  bodies  into  any  sub- 
stance ;  inlaying  (on  metal)  ;  sticking  almonds 
into  a  cake,  or  raisins  into  a  heap  of  rice. 
Bertatah  or  betatahkan  :  inlaid.  Best  bertatah- 
kan  emas  permata :  iron  inlaid  with  gold  and 
gems,  Sej.  MaL,  25.  Cf.  also  Sej.  Mai.,  g,  10; 
Ht.  Koris;  Cr.  Gr.,  42;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  40, 
41 ;   Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  13,  etc. 

*^  V  tateh.  Tottering ;  weakness  of  gait  ;  the 
stumbling  walk  of  a  very  young  child.  Ber- 
jalan  dengan  bertateh4ateh  :  to  walk  imsteadily, 
as  a  child  ;  to  toddle  along. 


T'u    taj.     Arab.        Crown. 
^        Diadem  of  Emperors, 


Tdjti's-saldtin :  the 
the  name  of  a  Malay 
book,  also  known  as  the  Mahkota  Segala  Raja- 
raja.  Tdjii  H-ninluk  :  the  Diadem  of  Kings, 
the  name  given  to  a  book  on  Divination, 
Medicine,  and  other  kindred  subjects. 

j5»-b  tajor.  Extension  in  horizontal  direction  and 
conical  shape ;  stretching  out  as  a  long  reef 
which  tapers  away  to  a  point,  or  as  two  long 
lines  of  fishing-stakes  which  converge  towards 
the  trap. 

Penajor  :  converging  rows  of  fishing-stakes  ; 
a  row  of  fishing-stakes  if  forming  one  of  a 
pair  arranged  on  the  principle  of  a  funnel.  Cf. 
anjor,  tanjong,  taj  ok,  etc. 


i>.\3    tajang.     Forcing    down    the    foot    or    heel  ; 
O  stamping   (but  not  a  mere  stamp  of  anger  or 

vexation)  ;  better  terajang,  q.  v. 


ijb    tateng.     The   act   of  carrying  or  supporting 
C         anything  at  the  end  of  the  outstretched  arm. 


i>.\3    tajong.     A  silk  cloth  of  Bugis  make ;  KL(=to'« 
^'         Jong  ?) 


;\5  tatap.  I.  Careful  visual  examination ;  the  ! 
act  of  looking  over  anything  with  a  view  to  | 
finding  flaws  or  deficiencies,  if  any ;  watching,  | 
looking  out.  1 

Bertatap  or  menatap  :  to  watch,  to  gaze  atten-  | 
tively  at  anything,  to  keep  a  look-out.     Seha-  \ 
ya  lihat  orang  di-atas  kubu  itn  bertatap  :    I  saw 
men  on  the  look-out  on  the  fort ;    Pel.    Abd., 
56.     Tempat  menatap :    a  watch-tower ;    Sh. 
Sri  Bun.,  84. 

11.  (Kedah,)  Menatap:  to  intone  a  story 
usually  to  the  accompaniment  of  a  musical 
instrument  as  is  done  by  Malay  rhapsodists. 
Penatap  :  a  professional  reader  of  stories. 


a>-\!j  tajak.  A  long  sharp  scythe  used  for  clearing 
the  ground  of  weeds  prior  to  />ai^'-planting; 
the  process  of  cutting  away  the  weeds. 

T.  babor  :   a  very  heavy  broad-bladed  scythe. 

T.  giling,  t,  kechar,  and  t,  kaut :  three  differ- 
ent processes  of  preparing  land  for  padi- 
planting  in  Kedah.  In  the  first,  the  grass  is 
left  on  the  ground  and  is  mixed  up  with  the 
earth  by  passing  a  sort  of  roller  {pHggiling) 
over  it.  In  the  second,  the  grass  is  collected 
in  heaps  and  allowed  to  rot.  In  the  third, 
the  grass  is  spread  on  the  dyke  or  baias  round 
the  field. 


TAJOK 


[    148    ] 


TARANG 


v3=r^ 


\ 


Vi 


-V; 


tajok.     Anything  sticking  up ;  anything  of  the 

nature  or  appearance  of  an  aigrette  ;  a  tuft  of 
flowers  contained  in  a  sheath  which  is  fixed 
in  the  head-dress.  Sunggoh-nya  tajok  itu  di 
dastar  juga  tempat-nya  :  surely  the  turban  is 
the  proper  place  for  the  aigrette;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  133. 

T.  mahkota  :  the  aigrette  or  apex  of  a  crown, 
a  term  of  endearment,  "  brightest  jewel  in  my 
crown  " ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  13.  Cf.  also  Sh. 
Bur.  Nuri,  29. 

T.  perahu :  sticks  something  like  elongated 
thole-pins  stuck  in  the  sides  of  a  Malay  boat 
and  used  for  many  purposes,  e.  g,  to  support 
a  native  awning  or  a  temporary  bulwark  or 
freeboard  (mbing)  ;    the  prop  of  a  thole-pin, 

Kong  t.  :  a  thole-pin  proper. 

Tali  t.  :  the  strap  of  the  thole. 

Cf.  tajor,  fanjongy  anjor^  etc. 

tajam.  I.  Sharp,  as  a  bladed  or  pointed  in- 
strument; mentally  acute;  sharp  as  the  tongue 
or  intellect.  ' Akal-nya  tajam:  his  intellect 
was  acute  ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  97.  Keris  lembmg 
tiyada  tajam,  tajam  lagi  lidah  manmiya :  daggers 
and  spears  are  not  sharp  when  compared  to 
the  sharpness  of  the  tongue ;  Prov.  Ada-kah 
duri  di-pertajam :  does  one  sharpen  thorns  ? 
Does  one  gild  refined  gold  ?  Prov.,  Ht.  Ahm. 
Md.,  40. 

Tajamkan  :  to  have  (anything)  sharpened ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  312. 

Maha4ajam :  extremely  sharp,  very  sharp. 

Menajam :  to  sharpen  ;  Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  9. 

II.     Tajam  molek:  a  plant,  haccaiirea  brevipes. 


OPr^    tajin.     Starch  ;  Muj.,  47. 


tajau.  A  large  earthenware  jar  with  a  narrow 
mouth.  M^ssa-^'^i*:  a  jar  of  gold;  Ht.  Ism. 
Yat.,  102. 


taji.  The  artificial  spur  of  a  fighting-cock. 
Taji  di'bentok  :  the  curved  artificial  spur-blade, 
a  favourite  simile  for  a  beautiful  eye-brow; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  122.  Taji 
golok  :  a  straight  spur.  Mimbulang  taji :  to 
fasten  on  the  spurs  of  a  fighting-cock;  Sh. 
Lail.  Mejn.,  25. 

In  the  Hikdyat  Indra  J  ay  a  this  word  is  also 
used  of  the  spur  of  a  walimana, 

tada.     A  common  contraction  for  tiyada,  q.  v. 

tadong.  Stumbling  against  anything ;  knock- 
ing the  foot  against  anything. 

tadah.  The  act  of  intercepting  the  fall  of 
anything;  to  catch  (e.g.,  the  f;dling  rain)  in 
an  open  vessel  of  any  sort;  to  stretch  out 
one's  arms  to  catch  a  descending  object. 


(5->^ 


U^J 


T,  ayer  pinang :  intercepting  the  fall  of  betel- 
juice — an  expression  used  to  describe  teeth 
that  curve  outwards  at  the  point;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. 

T.  embun :  intercepting  the  falling  dew — a 
name  given  to  the  top  row  of  a  comb  of 
bananas  and  also  to  the  loftiest  portion  of  a 
sail. 

Tadahkan  tangan :  to  raise  one's  hands  in 
supplication;  Sh.  Ul.,  15.  Minadahkan 
tangan:  id,;  Ht.  Abd.,  211,  448;  Muj.,  41; 
Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  g.  Kechil  tapak  tangan  nyiru 
di-tadahkan :  his  hand  proving  too  small  to 
catch  it  (the  falling  rain),  he  uses  a  tray;  he 
tries  to  get  as  much  as  he  can;  Prov.,  J.S.A.S., 
II.,  149. 

Bertadah  tangan :  with  hands  turned  up  to 
heaven — descriptive  of  the  suppliant  to  God ; 
Ht.  Abus.,  21. 

Menadah  :  to  intercept  (a  falling  object). 

M.  akan  ayer  hujan  :  to  catch  falling  rain. 

tadi.     Lately;    just    a   moment    ago;  imme- 
diately precedent  or  past — of  an  occurrence. 

Beharu  tadi :  a  moment  ago.  Sa-malam  tadi  : 
only  last  night;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak,,  113.  Pada 
malam  tadi  :  id. ;  Ht.  Bakht.,  73. 

Ttiwan-tuwan  yang  tersebut  nama-nama-nya 
di-atas  tadi :  the  gentlemen  whose  names  have 
been  just  above  mentioned  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  47. 

Also  tehadi. 


tara.  I .  Equality  of  altitude ;  evenness,  giving 
a  level  surface ;  ( by  metaphor )  equality  of 
rank. 

Sa4ara  :  on  a  level  with,  on  an  equality  with. 
Dudok  sa-tara  Seri  Nara  diraja  :  to  sit  (in  the 
hall  of  audience)  on  a  level  with  Sri  Nara 
Diraja  (a  high  officer  of  state) ;  Sej.  Mai.,  112. 
Chinchin  intan  duwa  sa4ara :  a  ring  set  with 
two  diamonds  which  match  each  other; 
Sh.  Peng.,  3. 

Tiyada  tara-nya :  matchless,  unequalled,  peer- 
less— especially  of  beauty  in  romance ;  Ht. 
Isk.  Dz. ;  Sej.  Mai.,  6.  Tiyada  bertara  :  id. ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  40,  139;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  28.  Tiyada 
tara  banding-nya :  id, ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  10. 
Tiyada  banding  tara-nya :  id. ;  Bint.  Tim., 
13  March,  1895.  Tiyada  dapat  di4arakan : 
id. ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Phiara  bukit :  the  ridge  of  a  hill ;  the  level  or 
comparatively  level  crown  of  a  range  of  hills. 

IL     Jav.     Clear,  visible ;  v.kUara, 

III.  Tara  para:  soot;  Muj.,  86;  usually 
arang  para. 


|U  talis.  Fastening ;  =  ikat,  MSnaris :  to  fasten. 
Di4aris  dengan  benang :  fastened  with  thread ; 
Muj.,  94. 


> 


t>^ 


tamng.     Nest    (used  of  birds 
rangan :  a  fowl's  laying-place. 


only).     Pato- 
Cf.  sarang. 


TARINa 


[    149    ] 


TAROH 


t> 


t> 


d;^ 


a> 


,\3 


taring.  That  portion  of  the  tusk  of  an  ani- 
mal (other  than  an  elephant)  which  is  visible 
by  its  projection  out  of  the  mouth — as  distinct 
from  the  entire  tusk  (siyong^  q,  v.) ;  visible 
tusks,  as  distinct  from  mere  long  teeth  ;  tusks 
on  the  lower  jaw. 

Di'chuchok  hidong  dengan  taring-nya  ;  he  (the 
boar)  pierced  the  (lion's)  nose  with  his  tusks ; 
Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  22.  Taring-nya  daripada 
khirsani :  his  tusks  were  of  Khorasan  iron ;  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub.  Panjang  siyongtampak  taring:  with 
long  canines  appearing  like  tusks.  Jadi-lah 
sa~ekor  babi  tunggal  terlalu  besar  panjang-lah 
maka  iya  bertaring  duwa  bersiyongan :  he  became 
a  lone  boar  of  great  size  and  length,  tusked 
with  two  long  canine  teeth ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 
Taring  and  siyong  are  often  used  indiscrimin- 
ately ;  V.  siyong, 

T,  pelandok  :  a  plant,  diospyros  hirusta, 

Gigi  t. :  the  canine  teeth.  Also  gigi  siyong 
and  gigi  asu, 

Misai  bertaring:  a  moustache  curled  up 
ferociously  on  each  side. 

Misai   bertaring  bagai  penglima^ 
Sa-bulan  sa-kali   ta^ -bunch    orang : 

his  moustache  curls  up  like  that  of  a  chieftain, 
but  not  once  in  a  month  does  he  ever  kill  a 
man  ;  fierce-looking  but  harmless  ;  Prov. 

tarong.  (Onom.)  Resounding  deep ;  reson- 
ance ;  the  sound  of  thunder  or  of  many  bands. 
Tarong  menarong  bimyi  gemUan :  the  sound 
of  the  gamelan  was  heard  booming  (in  the 
distance);  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

tarek.  The  act  of  drawing  towards  oneself, 
or  of  pulling  anything  after  oneself.  Tarek 
muka  duwa  belas  :  to  pull  a  long  face. 

Menarek:  to  draw,  to  pull,  to  draw  in.  Men- 
arek  napas  panjang :  to  draw  in  a  long  breath  ; 
to  sigh.  M,  nyanyi :  to  prolong  a  note ;  to 
sing. 

Menarekkan :  to  cause  a  thing  to  be  drawn 
towards  oneself,  i,e,  to  attract.  M.  kebajikan 
atau  menolakkan  kejahatan  :  to  attract  good  or 
ward  off  evil;  Muj.,  3. 

Penarek  :  a  drawer,  a  puller.  Kuda  penarek 
rata  itu :  the  horse  that  draws  that  chariot ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

tarok.  Young  sprouts,  young  shoots  of  any- 
thing. Tarok  anggor :  vine  shoots  ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.  Memakan  tarok  kayu :  to  live  on  young 
shoots — as  an  outcast  of  the  jungle ;  Ht.  Abd., 
201.  Telinga  saperti  tarok  angsoka :  an  ear  like 
the  young  shoot  of  the  angsoka — a  mark  of 
beauty;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  2.  Dan  tarok  sigala 
hayu'kayuwan  yang  muda  muda  itu-pun  terlam- 
pai  saperti  orang  mingUu-ngelukan  Sang  Samba 
laku-nya:  the  young  shoots  on  the  trees  swayed 
downwards  as  though  they  were  people  wel- 
coming Sang  Samba ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 


^J 


>jb  taram.  Gloomy,  of  a  night  when  there  is  a 
moon  but  when  the  sky  is  overcast ;  gloom  as 
opposed  to  deep  darkness ;  obscured,  of  the 
light  of  the  moon  and  stars.  Taram  temaram : 
id. ;    also  tlrang  thnaram  and  th'ang  temarang, 

pvJ  tarum.  The  indigo  plant  {indigofera  tinctoria, 
L.).  T,  daun  halus  Rnd  t.  daun  lebar :  varie- 
ties of  this  plant. 

A  kar  t, :  a  climbing  plant  {marsdenia  tincio- 
ria,  Br.). 

Harimau  t. :  a  large  black  panther. 

Rusat. :  a  deer,  when  darker  than  usual. 

Ular  t. :  an  edible  snake  (unidentified). 

I  v!    tarn.      (Onom  ?)      Bertaru :    to  sound,  of  the 
nafirt ;  Ht.  Best.     Cf.  tarong. 

OjVj  tarah.  Rough-hewing ;  chopping  a  log  or  any 
other  block  into  a  rough  semblance  of  what  is 
intended  to  be  its  final  shape,  Bukan  papan 
hendak  tarah :  it  is  not  a  plank  to  be  rough 
hewn,  a  proverbial  equivalent  for  the  expres- 
sion bukan  makan  muntahkan  darah  :  it  is  not 
eating,  it  is  over-eating. 

Menarah :  to  rough-hew.  Maka  di-titahkan 
uleh  baginda  pandai  itu  mhiarah  rambut  budak 
itu :  the  king  ordered  the  carpenter  to  hew  off 
the  hair  of  the  boy  (as  an  exhibition  of  his 
skill) ;  Sej.  Mai.,  53. 

o^u  taroh.  Retaining  in  one's  possession ;  depo- 
siting, receiving,  keeping,  or  setting  down  in 
a  place  of  safety ;  harbouring ;  staking,  stakes 
in  gambling.  Di-taroh-nya  akandiya  di-dalam 
istana :  he  kept  him  as  an  inmate  of  the 
palace.  Membesarkan  taroh-nya :  to  increase 
one's  stakes ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Bertaroh:  having  stakes  on  deposit;  to  stake. 
Mari-lah  kita  bMaroh^  siapa  alah  ambil  subang- 
nya :  come,  let  us  stake ;  let  the  earrings  of 
the  loser  be  taken  in  forfeit;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat., 

76. 

Tarohkan  :  to  put  aside  a  thing  for  a  certain 
purpose ;  to  keep  a  thing  anywhere.  Menarah* 
kan:  id.;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Menaroh :  to  preserve,  keep,  entertain,  or 
retain ;  to  harbour  feelings  of  rancour  or 
affection.  M,  perahu:  to  keep  a  boat.  M. 
e^npat  orang  mata-mata :  to  have  four  police- 
men in  one's  service.  M.  kasihan :  to  enter- 
tain sentiments  of  pity ;  to  be  merciful.  M. 
dhigki :  to  bear  a  grudge.  M.  rahasiya :  to 
keep  a  secret.  Tempat  menaroh  arak  :  a  place 
for  keeping  spirits. 

Petaroh:  an  object  entrusted  to  a  person 
to  keep  ;  any  duty  or  commission  confided  to 
him ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  44,  136 ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
Penarohan :  id. ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  19 ;  Ht.  Si 
Misk.,  80.  Petarohan:  stakes  in  gambling; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  13,  23. 

Petarohkan  :  to  entrust,  to  confide ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya;  —  especially  in  the  expression  petaroh- 
kan diri :  to  entrust  one's  fortunes  to  another's 
keeping ;  to  put  oneself  into  another  person^s 
hands;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  41.  PBnarohkan:  id.; 
Ht.  Koris. 


TARI 


[    150    ] 


TANGAN 


^J 


,\3 


t> 


,\3 


cr 


j-u 


(5- 


LT* 


Pb 


(J** 


\3 


tari.  Dancing — often  used  generically,  but 
sometimes  confined  to  dancing  by  men  only, 
especially  at  the  berhinai  feasts,  and  some- 
times to  dancing  in  the  sense  of  swaying  the 
arms  and  not  to  dancing  by  leaping  about  on 
one's  feet  (to  which  the  term  tandak  is  ap- 
plied) ;  cf.  joget,  ronggeng,  gamboh,  tandak,  and 
topeng.  Bagaimana  bunyi  gendang  bagiiU'lah 
iari-nya  :  as  the  drumming  goes,  so  goes  the 
dancing ;  as  a  man  sows  so  shall  he  reap ; 
Prov. 

Mhnbuwang  tari :  to  dance  with  abandon. 

Menari :  to  dance.     Tart  menari  ; 
and  collective  dancing. 


contmuous 


Tdrikh  masthi : 
Sahingga  kapada 
up  to  the  date  of 


tarikh.      Arab.      Date,  era. 
the    Christian   era;    A.D. 
tdrikh  penghabisan  kitdb  ini : 
the  completion  of  this  book. 

Bertdrikh  :  dated. 

Tdrikhkan  :  to  write  the  annals  of ;  Ht.  Z^Xy.y 
40. 

Mentdrikhkan :  to  date ;  Majm.  al-Ahk.,  414. 

tasak.      A   drug  for  stopping  bleeding;    the 

process  of  stopping  bleeding.      Menasak :    to 
stop  bleeding ;  Phys.,  37. 

tasek,  A  lake,  a  mere — but  probably  original- 
ly the  sea,  and  still  used  with  that  meaning  in 
the  expression  pusat  tasek  :  the  navel,  or  centre 
of  the  ocean  (Ht.  Raj.  t)on.,  31),  and  possibly 
in  the  proverb  menabor  bijan  ka-tasek  :  to  sow 
sesamum  on  the  sea  (or  lake) ;  to  cast  pearls 
before  swine.  Tasek  htjati  tempai  datok-nya : 
his  (the  dragon's)  ancestors  came  from  the 
Green  Ocean;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.  Ada  sa-buwah 
tasek  terlahi  Uiwas  saperti  laiit  rupa-nya  :  there 
was  a  lake  of  great  size,  looking  like  the  sea ; 
Sej.  MaL,  25. 

Tasek'tasek  :  a  plant,  adenosma  capitatnm. 
>v    tasai.     (Malacca.)      A  tree,  cupania  lessertiana. 


i\-    tangir.     A  tree  (unidentified)  ;   K\.{=:tengar?) 


tangas.  The  process  of  forcing  perspiration 
by  the  use  of  a  vapour  or  hot  air  bath  ;  fumi- 
gation, steaming,  heating;    Muj.,  59. 

tangis.  Weeping,  crying.  Ratap  dan  tangis 
dan  dukachita  :  lamentation,  weeping  and 
sorrow. 

Tangisi  :  to  weep ;  to  shed  tears.  Menangis : 
id. 

Tangiskan  and  menangiskan :  to  weep  for 
(anyone),  to  mourn  for  (anyone)  with  tears, 

Kasehkan   anak   tangts4angiskan ; 
Kasehkan    bint   tinggal-tinggalkan : 

to  love  one's  children  one  must  sometimes 
weep  for  them ;  to  love  one's  wife  one  must 
leave  her  now  and  then ;    Prov,,  J.  S.  A.  S., 

n.,  153- 


o^ 


^\; 


BirtangiS'tangisan :  mutual  and  continuous 
weeping ;  the  general  shedding  of  tears ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  99,  120 ;  Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  90. 

PimBnangis  :  a  weeper,  a  mourner ;  Cr.  Gr., 
42. 

Minyak  tangis  dtiyong :  the  tears  of  the  dugong, 
a  liquid  obtained  or  believed  to  be  obtained 
from  the  eyes  of  the  dugong  and  to  work  as  a 
very  potent  charm;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.,  422. 

Tulang  rimau  menangis  :  the  manubrium. 

tangan.  The  hand  ;  the  cushion  of  the  hand 
at  the  base  of  the  thumb  ;  the  forearm  and 
hand  ;  the  fore-foot  of  an  animal ;  the  handle 
of  certain  instruments;  a  sleeve;  (by  meta- 
phor) possession. 

Tiyada-kah  gajah  yang  bagitn  besar  dapat  ka- 
tangan  manusiya :  does  not  even  so  huge  an 
animal  as  the  elephant  fall  into  the  hands  of 
men  ?  Prov.  Saperti  ayer  basoh  t, :  ( as 
common)  as  water  for  washing  the  hands ;  a 
metahpor  for  abundance  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  406. 

T.  bajn  :  the  sleeve  of  a  coat. 

T.  keniudi :  the  handle  of  a  rudder. 

T.  terbuka  :  openhandedness,  generosity. 

Bekas  t, :  handiwork,  sign  manual. 

Belakang  t, :  the  back  of  the  hand. 

Berpegang  t, :  with  joined  hands ;  hand-in- 
hand. 

Bibir  t.  :  the  side  of  the  hand,  the  further 
side  from  the  thumb.     Also  tembiring  t, 

Gergaji  t, :  a  small  hand-saw. 

Hati  t. :  the  hollow  at  the  centre  of  the  palm 
of  the  hand,  the  palm  generally. 

Ibu  t, :  the  thumb. 


Jantong  t.  :  the  triceps  : 
the  fore-arm. 


the  fleshy  portion  of 


Kaki  t, :  feet  and  hands,  hands  and  feet. 
Membasoh  kaki  t, :  to  wash  one's  hands  and 
feet  with — used  of  anything  which  we  can  do 
what  we  please  with  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  397.  Terikat 
kaki  t, :  bound  hand  and  foot,  tied  up ;  (by 
metaphor)  allowed  very  little  liberty,  as  the 
wife  of  a  jealous  husband. 

Keduwa  belah  t, :  both  hands. 

Pergelang  t,  or  penggelang  t, :  the  arm  at  the 
wrist. 

Retak  t, :  the  lines  on  the  hand. 

Sapu  t, :  a  kerchief,  a  scarf. 

Tanda  t, :  signature.  Surat  tanda  t, :  a  signed 
document,  a  bond. 

Tapak  t. :  the  palm ;  the  upper  portion  of 
the  palm  near  the  fingers ;  a  signature. 

Tembiring  t, :  the  side  of  the  hand ;  =  bibir  t, 

Tembukii  t. :  the  hard  bony  projection  at 
the  wrist. 

Tumit  t, :  the  centre  at  the  base  of  the  palm 
of  the  hand;  the  part  of  the  hand  immediately 
above  the  centre  of  the  wrist. 


tApatah 


[  151  ] 


TAKAT 


Ajib    t&fatah.     Pers.     Taffeta;  KL 

^^  tapa.  I.  Ascetic  devotion;  the  lonely  and 
severe  physical  penance  and  mental  concen- 
tration  practised  by  Hindu  ascetics  to  win 
supernatural  power.  TMalu  keras  tapa-nya: 
the  austerities  undergone  by  him  were  exceed- 
ingly severe ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Sa4ahun  sa-kali 
bongkar  dart  dalam  tapa-nya  :  once  a  year  only 
did  he  suspend  his  austerities;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 
Berbuwat  t, :  to  practise  penance ;  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  305.  Bertapa:  id,,  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.,  etc. 

Pertapa:  austere,  ascetic;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
Baginda  pun  menjadi  fakir  sangat  pertapa  ha- 
pada  Allah :  the  king  became  a  mendicant  and 
an  extreme  ascetic  in  the  sight  of  God ;  Ht. 
Raj.  Sul.,  13. 

Pertapaan  :  the  practice  of  asceticism ;  the 
penance  undergone;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  68;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb.,  etc. 

n.  Ikan  tapa:  a  fish  (unidentified);  also 
tapah,  q.  v. 

HI.  Tapa-tapa :  pieces  of  fish  dried  and 
salted  in  the  sun. 


u^ 


i\}  tapis.  I.  Filtration;  the  process  of  passing 
a  liquid  through  a  cloth  or  other  medium  for 
removing  particles  of  matter;  Muj.,  63. 

n.  (Johor.)  A  kind  of  tree;  the  Ceylon 
iron-wood,  mesiia  ferrea, 

ni.     Warding  off;  =  tepis,  q.  v. 

43 u    tapang,      I.      A   tree,    artocarpus   gomeziana ; 
^         also  known  as  tampang,  q.  v. 

n.  (Ked^ih.)  Winding  coloured  ribbons 
round  a  garment  (especially  the  wedding 
garments  of  a  bride)  so  as  to  give  a  great 
variety  to  the  pattern ;  a  form  of  adornment. 

^V;    tapong.     (Bugis.)    Baju  t, :  a  long  close-fitting 
^^         baju  worn  on  state  occasions. 

^jJu  tapak.  The  palm  (of  the  hand) ;  the  sole  (of 
the  foot).  Bekas  tapak  gajah :  an  elephant's 
footprints;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata,  35.  Sudah  ter- 
kachakkan  benang  arang  hitam-lah  tapak :  you 
cannot  tread  on  a  carpenter's  line  (drawn 
with  a  piece  of  charcoal)  without  getting  the 
sole  of  your  foot  black;  you  cannot  touch 
pitch  without  being  defiled ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
II.,  145.  Sa4apak  pun  abang  tiyada  undor : 
I  will  not  retreat  one  single  step ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng. 

T.  babi :  =  t,  lenian,  q.  v. 

r.  burong :  a  name  given  to  some  kinds  of 
weeds,  e,  g,,  aneilema  nudiflorum,  and  mollugo 
strida, 

T.  harimau,  or  t,  rimau :  a  kind  of  shrub, 
trevelia  sundaica. 

r.  itek :  a  herb,  fioscopa  scandem. 

T.  kadanty  or  t.  kaki :  the  sole  of  the  foot ; 
a  footstep. 


a    kind    of   shrub,    clerodendron 


T.    kerbau 
villosum, 

r.  kuda :  the  goat's  foot  convolvulus,  ipomea 
peS'CaprcB, 

T,  leman,  or  t,  Sulaiman:  the  seal  of  Solomon; 
the  pentacle;  a  star  fish  with  five  points,  a 
creeper  with  leaves  something  like  a  pentacle. 
Tapak  babi :  id.,  (in  last  sense  only). 

T,  rusa:  a  climbing  plant,  lettsomia  pegiiensis, 
Clarke. 

T.  tangan  :  the  palm  of  the  hand ;  that  por- 
tion of  the  palm  at  the  base  of  the  fingers ; 
a  signature. 

Telapak  and  telapakan :  the  sole  of  the  foot. 
Dull  telapakan:  (literally)  the  dust  beneath 
the  sole  of  a  Sultan's  foot ;  a  royal  title,  by  a 
figure  of  speech,  implying  that  the  subject  is 
only  fit  to  address  the  dust  below  a  Sultan's 
feet;  cf.  ka-bawah  dnli,  etc. 

^V;    tapok.     I.     (Trengganu.)     To  hide. 

II.  The  scab  of  a  healing  sore  or  boil;  the 
shutter  over  the  mouths  of  some  kinds  of 
shells;  the  remains  of  the  pistil  in  some  fruits 
as  in  mangosteens,  pumpkins,  etc.     Cf.  tampok, 

Bertapok'tapok  :  much  pitted  with  small-pox, 
in  contradistinction  to  being  lightly  marked 
(bakai). 

In  Penang  beriapok  is  used  as  a  term  of 
abuse  meaning  very  filthy,  covered  with  many 
coats  of  dirt,  without  special  reference  to 
small -pox. 

43u  tapah,  Ikan  tapah  :  a  fish  (unidentified) ;  Sh. 
Ik.  Trub.,  14.     Also  tapa,  q.  v. 

^^  tapeh.  Drawers  worn  by  Javanese  women ; 
Sh.  Bid.  (Leyd.),  293;  Ht.  Perb.  Jay.;  Ht. 
Sh.  The  system  of  folding  the  sarong  follow- 
ed by  Malay  women,  not  men.  Bertapek : 
to  fold  the  sarong  in  this  way. 

iU    tapai.     I.     A   preparation    of  steamed  pnlut 
rice  fermented  with  ragiy  q.  v. 

Rosak  tapai  karena  ragi :  the  cake  may  be 
spoilt  by  the  yeast ;  an  honourable  name  may 
be  lost  by  a  trifling  act  of  misconduct ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  53. 

Arak  t. :  an  intoxicating  liquor  prepared  from 
tapai  with  which  water  has  been  mixed  and 
allowed  to  settle  for  a  few  days,  Beram  /.  ; 
id. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

Tapai  is  also  used  of  the  earth  mould  em- 
ployed by  braziers  in  their  work. 

II.     (Riau.)     Kriching  tapai  :  a  rabbit. 

^u    tapi,     [Skr.  tathdpi,]  But;  on  the  other  hand; 
better  tetapi,  q.  v. 

C-5\j    takat.     I.    A  slight   scar   or  trace  of  an   old 
wound ;  cf.  bakat, 

II.  As  far  as,  up  to.  Takat  pinggang;  up 
to  the  waist.     Takat  lutut :  up  to  the  knee. 


TAKUT 


[    152    ] 


TAQAN 


C-Su  takut.  Fear.  Taktit  hantu  pelok  bangkai: 
to  hug  a  corpse  for  fear  of  its  ghost ;  out  of 
the  frying-pan  into  the  fire  ;  Prov. 

Takuii  :  to  fear ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  15 ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  119,  227.  Menakuti :  id,, 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  92.  Pertakuti  :  id. ;  Ht.  Kai. 
Dam.,  197.  Menakut :  to  be  in  dread ;  Sh. 
Kamp.  Boy.,  13, 

Takutkan  :  to  hold  (anything)  in  dread  ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  92  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  67,  336.  Menakut- 
kan:  id.,  Muj.,  19.  Pertakutkan :  id.;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  92. 

Ketakutan :  fear,  panic,  alarm  ;  a  source  of 
fear ;  Ht.  Abd.,  4,  62,  82,  119,  etc. 

Penakut :  a  coward ;  cowardice.  TabP  at 
marika-itu  penakut :  their  manner  was  that  of 
cowards  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  227.  Menaroh  penakut  : 
to  harbour  feelings  of  cowardice ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Mard.,  119. 


/. 


u  takar.  A  kind  of  earthenware  vessel  with  a 
narrow  neck  (J.  S.  A.  S.,  H.,  146;  Ht,  Abd., 
292,  303)  ;  sometimes  used  as  a  measure  of 
capacity,  Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  10. 

Pantat  t,  :   the  bottom  of  this  vessel. 

^v    takor.     A   bird,    the    Malayan  barbet,  mega- 
Icema  versicolor. 


^, 


vJ  takong.  Keeping  any  liquid  so  as  to  allow 
it  to  ferment ;  exposing  anything  to  fermenta- 
tion. Minyak  takong:  crude  oil ;  oil  fermented 
but  not  refined.  Susii  di-takong  :  milk  kept  to 
be  curdled. 

Takong  is  also  used  of  driftwood  in  a  stream 
collecting  in  some  bay  or  backwater,  or  of 
rain  water  and  refuse  washed  down  by  it 
collecting  in  a  puddle. 

lS\3    takak.     I.     Kain  takak,  or   kain   bertakak :   a 

sarong  made  up  of  two  pieces  to  be  sewn 
together,  as  opposed  to  a  sarong  consisting 
of  a  single  piece  of  cloth  (kain  sa-lerang), 

n.     Takak'takok  :  jagged,  uneven ;  v.  takok. 


J^\i   takek. 


j^^ 


A  cleft ;  the  dent  left  by  a  single  cut 

from  an  axe  or  chopper,   no  material  being 
lost ;  a  chip,  a  slight  cut. 


\j    takok.     A  notch  ;  notched  ;  a  kind  of  foot-rest 

cut  into  a  coco-nut  tree  to  facilitate  climbing ; 
(in  carpentering)  the  cutting  of  a  groove  into 
which  something  else  is  to  fit ;  (in  tree-felling) 
preparation  for  felling  by  making  two  cuttings, 
one  being  higher  than  the  other  and  on  the 
opposite  side  of  the  tree. 

r.  takok  :   uneven ;    in  notches  or  ridges,  as 
hair  badly  cut ;  v.  also  takoh  and  takah, 

Kepala  penakok :  the  cleft  at  the  head  of  a 


screw. 


j^^ 


\j    takal.     (Eng. :  tackle.)     A  small  pulley. 


^\J    takan.      A  future  negative,    ** there  will  not 

be  "  ;  =  ta'-akan. 

S  \j    takah.     (Kedah.)      A  notch  cut  into  a  tree  to 
facilitate  climbing ;  =  (Riau,  Johor)  takok  q.  v. 

Takoh-takah  :  notched,  jagged ;  =takok4akak. 
«5  \j    takoh.     See  takah, 

^  \j    takai.     Berteku-takai :  (Kedah)  to  stick  assidu- 
ously to  anything  ;  to  diligently  do. 

^\j    taki.     Menaki :    to  dispute;    Kl. ;  (Penang)  to 
agree  upon  anything ;  =  berjanji. 

S\5  tagar.  I.  A  peal  of  thunder.  Saperti  tagar 
bunyi-nya  :  its  sound  was  like  that  of  thunder 
— a  common  simile  for  the  shouting  of  an 
army;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.;  Sh. 
Jub.  Mai.,  II,  etc.  Bagai  tagar  di  Pulau  Sem- 
bilan :  like  thunder  off  the  Pulau  Sembilan 
(islands) ;  a  metaphor  for  a  terrific  noise. 

Bertagar:    to  peal,  to  sound  like  thunder; 
Ht.  Best.;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

n.      Stiffness;    hardness  of  heart ;    usually 
Jo  q.  V. 


f^ 


\3  tagor.  A  deep  muffled  sound ;  a  sound  such 
as  that  of  distant  thunder,  or  of  thunder  when 
one*s  ears  are  closed  with  wool. 

iSb    tagak.     (Kedah.)     Kerja  tertagak-tagak  :  work 

that  is  being  continually  left  oif  on  one  pretext 
or  another;  =  (Riau,  Johor)  kerja  teragak-agak, 

Tirbang   sa-ekor   burong  gagak, 
Hinggap   di-kampong  pohun  rumiyah; 

Kerja  jangan   tertagak-tagak, 

Putus  harap   tManggong  aniyaya: 

never  procrastinate  in  your  work  or  your  hopes 
will  be  lost  under  the  weight  of  misfortunes. 


j^t 


\;    tagal.     Stones  driven  on   the  beach  after   a 
violent  storm  ;  Kl. 

\5\3    tagil.     The  natural  spur  of  a  cock,  Kl.     Also 
^-^         tegil 

."SSj  tagan.  The  stakes  in  a  sweep ;  the  amount 
contributed  by  each  staker  to  make  up  a 
pool,  as  distinct  from  an  individual  bet. 

Kapitan  dhtgan  juragan^ 

Batang  selaseh    abang  panggalkan ; 

Pirmata  intan   di-jadikan  tagan, 
K^kaseh   tidak   abang  tinggalkan : 

pearls  and  diamonds  have  been  staked  away, 
but  my  love  I  will  never  abandon  ;  Sh.  Pant. 
ShL,  14. 


TAGEH 


[    153    ] 


TALI 


A^ 


jl\: 


tageh.  Dunning,  pressing ;  the  pressure  put  on 
a  man  by  a  craving  such  as  that  for  opium  or 
drink.  Ketageh  :  the  craving  of  a  man  for 
some  indulgence  to  which  he  has  long  given 
way.  Ketageh  madat :  the  craving  for  opium  ; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

Chandu  chelaka  jangan   di4ubt, 

Tulang  rusok   bagai  seligi, 
Sahdbat  renggang,   saudara   benchi, 
Datang   ketageh,   hendak   menchuri : 
do  not  give  yourself  up  to  the  curse  of  opium 
or  your  ribs  will  stand  out  like  wooden  stakes, 
your   friends   will   leave   you,   your  brothers 
detest  you,  and  when  the  craving  seizes  you 
you  will  become  a  thief  ( to  gratify  it ). 

tagai.  (  Kedah.)  Tertagai-tagai :  continually 
putting  off  (a  creditor). 

tala.  I.  In  harmony,  in  harmonious  response 
one  to  another,  as  a  band  taking  up  a  tune 
begun  by  another ;  at  intervals,  of  a  melody 
rising  and  dying  away  in  harmonious  regu- 
larity. Cf.  talu.  Keduwa  pehak  bertala-tala  : 
each  side  replying  to  the  other  ( of  the  bands 
of  opposing  armies  ) ;  Sh.  Pr.  Turk.,  5. 

II.     A  padlock. 

talar.  (  Riau.)  Permitting  ;  letting  ;  allow- 
ing, =6^)/ar;  (  Kedah  )  throwing  open  to  the 
public,  allowing  unobstructed   passage  to  all. 

talang.     I.     A  kind  of  freshwater  fish. 

II.  (Jav,  and  Sund.)  A  water-pipe;  a 
gutter  ;=saloran,  q.  v. 

III.  Orang  talang :  (  Indragiri )  a  name 
given  to  certain  wild  tribes  of  Sumatra. 

IV.  A  bawd,  Kl. ;  cf.  jalang. 

V.  Bujang  talang :  a  bachelor  or  childless 
widower  :  a  man  living  alone  in  a  state  of 
celibacy. 

talak.     (Arab,  j^), 
divorce ;    a    deed    of 


Divorce ;     letters     of 


separation .  Bercherai 
tidak  bertalak,  bernikdh  tidak  berkddli :  divorced 
without  formality,  married  without  a  registrar ; 
a  casual  liaison;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  99. 

Menalak ;  to  give  a  woman  her  second  and 
third  talak  so  as  to  complete  the  divorce  and 
make  it  practically  irrevocable ;  (by  metaphor) 
to  give  way  and  give  all,  to  let  a  child  eat  its 
fill  after  giving  way  to  the  child  a  little  at  a 
time. 


talek.     Menalek . 
Kl.' 


to  take   light   refreshment, 


talam.  A  wooden  or  brazen  tray  or  platter 
without  feet;  Sej.  Mai.,  159;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw., 
86,  etc.  Talam  duwa  muka  :  a  tray  with  two 
faces  to  it ;  a  tray  which  can  be  used  upside 
down  as  well  as  otherwise;  treacherous, 
double-faced ;  Prov.  Saga  di-atas  talam :  a  pea 
on  a  platter ;  uncertain  or  wavering  conduct. 


fj^M  talan.  The  name  of  a  shrub,  saraca  triafidra, 
T,  kimyet :  a  small  tree,  saraca  cautiflora, 
Rtimptit  t. :  a  kind  of  weed,  adenosma  capitaUim, 


(JJv!  talun.  I.  Resounding;  replying;  re-echo- 
ing ;  returning  sound  for  sound ;  cf.  talu  and 
tala, 

II.     Pisang  talun  :  a  large  kind  of  banana. 


^b 


c^\3 


^^ 


talu.  Bertalu  or  bertalu-talu :  continuous ; 
uninterrupted ;  in  unbroken  succession. 
Mengata  bertalu-talu :  to  pour  out  a  stream  of 
continuous  abuse ;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  29.  Ayer 
mata-nya  jatoh  bertalu-talu  :  a  continuous  flood 
of  tears ;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  34. 


talai.     Negligence  or  forgetfulness   in  work  ; 
dawdling;  careless  labour;  cf.  lalai. 


tali.  A  rope ;  a  cord ;  anything  of  a  cordlike 
character  or  appearance ;  a  money  value 
representing  about  an  eighth  of  a  riyal  or 
aucient  dollar  of  60  cents ;  3  wangs  being  one 
taliy  2  tali  one  su^ku^  2  stcku  one  jampal,  2 
jampalf  one  riyal,  Sa-tali  tiga  wang  juga :  a 
tali  is  three  wang  all  the  same ;  six  of  one, 
half  a  dozen  of  the  other;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XL,  55.  Bergantong  tidak  bertali :  suspended 
with  no  rope  to  support  one,  a  description  of 
the  magic  power  of  a  divinity,  and  used  ironi- 
cally of  a  woman  who  has  no  visible  means  of 
sustenance. 

T,  ayer :  a  groove  in  a  column  or  pillar ;  a 
channel  or  canal  for  conveying  away  accumu- 
lated water.  Membetulkan  tali  ayer  sungai 
besar :  to  repair  the  (irrigation)  canals  con- 
nected with  the  main  river ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

T.  belohan  :  the  strap  passing  under  the  neck 
of  an  elephant  and  preventing  the  howdah 
from  slipping  back. 

T,  duga  :  a  sounding  line. 

T,  hams :  the  thin  line  of  driftwood  which 
sometimes  marks  the  flow  of  a  current. 

T,  kang :  the  reins ;  also  t,  torn. 

T,  kanjang:  a  nickname  for  a  man  who  is 
soft-spoken  but  hopelessly  unreliable. 

T.  kulit :  a  strap. 

T,  leher  :  a  necklace,  a  string  of  beads  round 
the  neck. 

T,  liyong :  a  sort  of  sash  for  carrying  a  kMs; 
=  (Bugis)  tondro  batong, 

T,  perampat :  the  rope  attaching  the  rudder 
to  the  tiyang  goyang, 

T.  pinggang :  a  girdle,  a  waistband. 

T.  pisang :  dried  strips  of  pisang  skin. 


TAMAR 


[    154    ] 


TANAH 


r.  pusat :  the  umbilical  cord. 

T.  r^ngga  :  the  belly-band  in  an  elephant's 
harness. 

T,  renut:  the  crupper  in  an  elephant's 
harness. 

T,4ali:  a  plant  (unidentified). 

T,4emali :  cordage. 

T.  torn  :  the  reins. 

T.  tunda^  or   t.  umbai :  a  tow-rope. 

BertaU4ali :  in  a  long  line,  as  a  string  of 
carriages;  J.  I.  A.,  Vol.  L,  p.  82. 

Suku  dan  tali:  fourths  and  eighths;  small  coin 
generally;  Sh,  Ungg.  Bers.,  4. 

Pantun  sa-tali  bim :  (i)  a  string  of  pantuns; 
(2)  a  species  of  metrical  composition,  the 
rhyme  of  which  is  the  same  throughout, 

jMj    tamar.     [Arab.^  ]      Tamar  hindi :  tamarind ; 
V.  ^  . 


iib  tameng.     Jav. 
^         used  by  Javanej 


J" 


A   small    shield   or   buckler 
v^anese  heroes;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht. 
Sh.;  Ht.'Sh.  Kub.;  Ht.  Perb.  Jay.;  Ht.  Mas. 
Ed. ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.,  etc. 


<3^^    tamok.     An    edible    saltwater   fish   (unidenti- 


fied). 


•j-ib  taman.  A  garden ;  a  pleasaunce ;  a  park. 
T,  muhabbat :  the  garden  of  love,  T.  penga- 
sihan :  id.  Sakaliyan  beriring-iringan  saperti 
bunga  kembang  sa4aman  :  one  following  behind 
the  other  in  succession  like  a  garden  of 
flowers  in  full  bloom ;  Cr.  Gr.,  78. 

Chinchin  konang-konang  sa4aman :  a  ring  with 
a  large  stone  set  in  a  circlet  of  small  gems ; 
Ht.  Mas.  Ed. ;  also  chinchin  konang-konang 
sa-kebtm, 

Naga  sa4aman :  the  name  of  a  pattern  in 
embroidery ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

Rumput  taman :  a  small  sedge ;  cyperus 
pnmihis. 


y^\i  tamu.  The  entertainment  of  guests  ;=yfl;mi^; 
but  sometimes  (Riau)  limited  to  the  enter- 
tainment of  a  single  guest,  as  distinct  to  that 
of  many. 

4-AU  tamah.  Affability ;  courteous  address  ;=ra- 
mahf  q.  v.  Ramah  dan  tamah :  geniality  and 
courtesy. 


\;    tanar.     Noise,  disturbance,  clamour  \=tHar, 


q.  V. 


4j\j    tanang.     Supporting  on  the  palm  of  the  hand ; 
C         =ztatang,  q.  v. 


^u  tanak.  The  process  of  boiling  rice  and  other 
cereals.  Saperti  bBras  kumbah,  di-juwal  ta'- 
laku,  di4anak  ta'-miiwal :  like  spoilt  rice,  which 
will  fetch  nothing  when  sold  and  will  not 
swell  if  boiled ;  utter  worthlessness ;  Prov., 
J,  S.  A.  S.,  HI.,  36. 
Bertanak  :  to  cook ;  (literally)  to  boil  rice ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  III.  Bertanak  nasi :  id.  ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng,  Menanak :  id. ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. ;  Ht,  Mar. 
Mah.     Menanakkan  :  id.  ;  Ht.  Gh. 

Sa-petanak  nasi :  the  time  that  it  takes  to  boil 
rice  ; — a  primitive  measure  of  time  ;  cf.  sa- 
kabns  sir  eh  and  sa-peludah, 

A  kar  tanak  rimati :  a  kind  of  plant,  spheno- 
desma  pentandra. 

f\>    tanam.     The   act    of    burying;    planting  by 
^  burying   in    the    earth.     Di4anam'nya   pokok 

sena  :  he  planted  sena  trees. 

Tanaman  :  plants  ;  things  planted.  Tanam- 
tanaman  :  id.,  in  a  collective  or  general  sense. 
Tetanaman  :  id. 

Bertanam  :  to  be  engaged  in  planting ;  to 
bury.  Temp  at  bertanam  orang  mati :  a  place 
where  the  dead  are  interred  ;  a  cemetery, 

Menanam  :  to  plant ;  to  bury.  M.  ketum- 
bohan:  to  vaccinate.  Menanamkan:  to  have 
(anything)  buried  or  planted.  Menanam  budi: 
to  graft  wisdom  on  a  man  ;  to  instil  common- 
sense  into  him. 

4ju  tanah.  Earth  ;  ground  ;  land  ;  a  country  ; 
Tanah  Jawa  :  Java.  Tanah  Naning  :  the  Na- 
ning  territory.  Di4abor'nya  tanah :  he  scatter- 
ed earth.     Sa-potong  tanah  :  a  piece  of  land, 

Bukan   tanah   menjadi  padiy 
Kalau  jadi   hempa   layang ; 

Btikan   bangsa   menanam   btidi, 
Kalau   tanam   choma   terbnwang  : 

it  is  not  earth  that  padi  can  be  grown  from ; 
if  you  grow  padi  it  will  be  worthless 
chaff:  he  is  not  the  kind  of  man  in  whom 
wisdom  can  be  planted ;  if  you  plant  wisdom, 
it  w^ill  only  be  wasted  on  him  ;  a  proverbial 
pantun,  the  first  line  of  which  is  often  quoted 
by  itself  with  the  meaning  of  the  four, 

Tetak   bnloh   mhnbnwat  panah, 
Hendak  panah   ktida   berlari ; 

Minta  laiit   menjadi   tanah, 
Behani   sehaya  pergi  mari  : 

pray  that  the  sea  may  be  turned  into  land 
that  I  may  be  able  to  cross  backwards  and 
forwards  ;  a  proverbial  expression  signifying 
that  the  natural  obstacles  to  anything  are 
insuperable. 

T.  ayer  :  territories  ;  districts ;  the  whole  ex- 
tent of  land  and  water  forming  a  geographical 
unit.  Dalam  negeri  asing  dan  tanah  ayer  lain  : 
in  a  foreign  country  and  with  different  sur- 
roundings, i.e.,  in  exile;   Ht.  Abd.,  345. 

r.  liyat :  clay. 


TANI 


[    155    ] 


TAUL 


Oj 


j:> 


T,  n^gara :  countries  and  towns ;  territories. 

r.  rang :  fallow  land ;  padi  land  with  the 
dykes  and  irrigation  canals  ready,  but  un- 
cleared of  weeds,  and  therefore  not  ready  for 
planting ;  v.  ra7tg, 

T.  rap  :  land  ready  for  />arf/-planting;  land 
cleared  of  weeds  and  ploughed  ;  earth  pressed 
down  or  pounded  down  so  as  to  fill  a  hole 
tightly  or  to  form  a  road  ;  powder  for  drying 
ink. 

Ikan  t,  :  a  kind  of  edible  freshwater  fish. 

Sukat  t,  :  land-measuring  ;  surveying, 

Urat  t. :  a  large  worm,  typhlops, 

Tanah,  as  a  measure  of  length,  is  approxi- 
mately five  or  six  feet  (1  depa);  Ht.  Abd,, 
388. 


Jb    tani.     L     To  lower  (the  sail). 

II.  [  Tam.  tent,  a  porch  or  tannic  water?  ] 
Pintu  tani:  the  outer  gate  of  a  palace;  Sej. 
Mai.,  196. 

TIL     Jav.    To  plant;  Kl. 

y^  tawa.  Tertawa :  laughing ;  laughter.  Ter- 
kadang  di-jadikan  tertawa  uleh  rnarika-itu  sebab 
satu  perkataan  aku  pergi  bagitu  jauh :  it  often 
raised  laughter  among  them  to  see  me  travel 
such  distances  for  the  sake  of  a  single  word ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  49.  Tertawa  gelak-gelak  :  peals  of 
laughter ;  roars  of  laughter.  Tertawaan  : 
laughter;  the  cause  of  laughter;  the  thing 
laughed  at.  Tertawa4awa  :  continuous  laugh- 
ter. Tertawakan  :  to  laugh  at  (anything)  ;  to 
make  (anything)  a  cause  of  laughter. 

Also  tawak. 


iu  taut.  (Kedah.)  Kayti  taut :  the  rod  (fixed  on 
the  bank  of  a  stream)  to  which  a  night-line  is 
attached.  Menaut :  to  gather  in,  to  draw  in  ; 
J.  I.  A.,  I.,  317- 

,u  tawar.  I.  Tastelessness ;  flavourlessness ; 
the  absence  of  any  distinctive  characteristics  ; 
insipidity ;  characterless,  as  a  poisonous  sub- 
stance deprived  of  its  injurious  properties,  or 
as  a  disease  when  the  virus  has  gone  and  only 
the  weakness  remains.  Orang  yang  kennyang 
kalaii  di'jamu  lank  yang  sedap  di-kata  tawar  : 
feed  a  full  man  and  he  will  pronounce  your 
best  dishes  flavourless  ;  Prov. 

Hart   selasa  kakanda   belayar, 

Haluwan  menuju   ka-bandar  Acheh; 

Bisa  dan   mabok  habislah  tawar, 
Menengar  chumbu  dari  kekaseh: 

I,  your  lover,  sail  on  Tuesday,  and  my  prow 
will  be  heading  for  the  port  of  Acheen  ;  but 
the  poison  and  sickness  ( of  parting )  are  strip- 
ped of  their  sting  as  I  listen  to  my  beloved's 
endearments ;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  8. 

r.  hati :  nausea,  disgust ;  Pel.  Abd.,  9. 

Tawar  mawar,  and  t.  ambar :  the  intensitive 
of  tawar. 


lT^ 


b 


T.  selusoh :  a  charm  to  expedite  delivery  and 
remove  the  pains  of  child-birth. 

Ayer  t, :  fresh  (as  opposed  to  salt)  water. 
Memiwangkan  sa-chawan  ayer  tawar  ka-dalam 
laut :  to  pour  a  cup  of  fresh  water  into  the  sea 
(to  make  it  fresh) ;  ridiculously  inadequate 
effort ;  Prov. 

Ikan  t, :  a  fish  (unidentified). 

Tepong  t. :  a  preparation  of  rice  flour  and 
(sometimes  scented)  water;  a  yellow  flour 
used  at  incantations. 

Tawari :  to  meet  a  charm  with  a  counter-charm 
or  poison  with  an  antidote ;  to  futilize ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak,,  122.     Menawarkan  :  id. ;  Muj.,  57. 

Menawari :  id.,  Ht.  Koris ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
345- 

Penawar :  an  antidote;  a  protective  talis- 
man; Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb,,  16;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
146. 

Daun  setawar :  a  name  given  to  several  shrubs, 
costus  speciosiiSy  L.,  and  torrestia,  spp.  Seta- 
war  gajahy  or  setawar  betina :  forrestia  mollis, 
Setawar  hntan  or  setawar  jantan :  forrestia 
griffithii, 

II.  Bargaining;  the  beating  down  of  a 
price.  Tawar-menawar :  haggling  over  a  price ; 
Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  8.  Di-tawar-nya  pula  pada  sa- 
ekor  lima  dnwit :  he  made  a  further  offer  of 
five  cents  a-piece  for  them  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  207. 
Lagi  morah  lagi  di-tawar :  the  more  the  price 
is  lowered,  the  more  does  bargaining  go  on ; 
give  in  an  inch  and  the  other  side  will  want 
an  ell ;  Prov. 

\j    tawas.     I.     Alum.     r.  kubu :  a  plant  (uniden- 
tified). 

II.  Tawasan:  (Riau)  the  general  appear- 
ance of  a  man  ;  the  general  effect  produced  by 
his  looks  and  bearing. 

iU    tawang.       Penat     tawang :     useless    labour ; 
efforts  that  end  in  nothing ;  wasted  energy. 


^  \;    taung,     A  whirlwind  on  shore ;    a  dust  eddy  ; 
*y        — as  distinct  from  a  waterspout  at  sea  (puting 
beliyong,  q.  v.). 


;a\j  tawak.  I.  Tawak-tawak :  a  kind  of  small 
gong-like  instrument  used  for  summonmg 
people  to  a  meeting,  or  for  signalling  at  sea. 


a>^ 


II.     Laughter;  v.  tawa. 


taul.  The  attaching  of  an  oar  to  the  side  of 
the  boat  by  means  of  a  loose  cord  which 
prevents  the  oar  drifting  away  altogether  in 
the  event  of  its  falling  into  the  sea;  the 
securing  of  the  anchor  by  putting  one  of  its 
blades  over  the  gunwale  of  a  vessel. 


TAWAN 


[    156    ] 


TAHI 


O^ 


.b 


tawan.     Capture  by  war  or  robbery ;  enslave- 
ment by  capture. 

Tawanan  :  a  captive ;  Ht.  Abd.,  410;  Sh.  Ik. 
Trub.,  6;  Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  34;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah.,  etc. 

Menawan  and  menawankan  :  to  take  (anyone) 
captive  ;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  20,  Sakaliyan  kdfir 
iya  menawan  :  he  took  all  the  infidels  captive ; 
Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  3. 

Tertawan :  led  captive ;  taken  prisoner ; 
enslaved.  Stiwami  hamba  sudah  tertawan  :  my 
husband  has  been  taken  in  war;  Sh.  Abd, 
Mk.,  76. 


Vl    tawon.     Jav,     The  honey-bee  ;=/^6a/^. 


tahar.  (Nautical.)  Keeping  to  a  course  in 
spite  of  contrary  winds ;  not  returning  to  one's 
anchorage  when  the  weather  is  bad. 

tahang.     I.     A  ravine;  a  gorge;  a  gully;    Kl. 
II.     (Chin.)     A  tub;  abath-tub;  Kl. 

tallil.  A  measure  of  weight ;  a  tael ;  a  six- 
teenth part  of  a  kati,  or,  approximately,  1^  02. 

tahan.  L  Restraint;  resistance;  holding 
out  against ;  an  opposing  force.  Jika  di4ahan 
ptm  patek  jalani  juga :  even  if  you  resist  me,  I 
shall  go  just  the  same. 

T.  golek :  wasted  effort,  wasted  energy. 

T.  tampong :  supporting  on  a  sheet  or  plank 
resting  underneath. 

r.  tuwak :  wearing  the  sarong  in  so  negligent 
a  manner  as  to  allow  too  much  exposure. 

Tahani  and  menahani :  to  put  a  check  upon  ; 
to  keep  (anything)  back ;  to  keep  at  a  thing ; 
to  restrain,  resist,  or  hold  out  against.  Mena- 
hani pain  :  to  bear  up  under  a  blow ;  to  survive 
a  blow  ;  Ht,  Sg.  Samb.  Tahani  kehendak  :  to 
prevent  the  gratification  of  a  wish  ;  to  restrain 
a  person's  desires  ;  Sej.  MaL,  75.  Ayer  mata- 
nya  tiyada  dapat  di-tahani-nya  lagi :  he  could 
no  longer  keep  back  his  tears ;  Cr.  Gr.,  78. 

Tahankan  and  menahankan :  to  put  ( any 
person  or  thing)  into  a  position  of  restraint ; 
to  prevent  the  occurrence  of  anything.  Mena- 
hankan hati  yang  mnrka :  to  curb  feelings  of 
anger ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  37. 

Tertahan  :  restrained  ;  put  under  restraint ; 
curbed ;  resisted  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  253,  282.  Ter- 
tahani:  id.;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  23;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub., 
g.     Tertahankan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  207. 

Bertahan-tahan  :  retardation  ;  to  retard. 

Nyior  tahan  kukor :  a  young  coco-nut  at  the 
stage  immediately  preceding  the  period  when, 
on  shaking  the  coco-nut,  the  liquid  may  be 
heard  inside. 

IL     The  setting  of  traps  for  fish,  birds,  etc. 
Menahan :  to  set  (such  a  trap);  Sej.  MaL,  55, 

64. 

Tahan  rachek   burong  ta'-masok; 
Burong  biyasa  makan  di-tangan  : 


cA" 


y 


.1- 


J 


,\3 


you  may  set  your  snare  but  the  bird  will  not 
enter  it,  the  bird  is  accustomed  to  be  fed  from 
the  hand  ;  love  is  to  be  won  by  kindness,  not 
by  cunning  or  force ;  Prov. 

tahun.  A  year.  Pada  tahun  masthi :  in  the 
year  of  our  Lord;  A.  D.  Bertahun-tahun : 
for  years ;  year  after  year.  Batok  bertahun- 
tahtm :  a  chronic  cough.  Jejamu  menahun : 
a  plant  (unidentified). 
T.  beharu :  the  new  year. 

Bulan  pencheraiyan  tahtm :  a  popular  name 
for  the  Muharram. 

Usually  pronounced  taun. 

tahu.  Knowledge ;  the  possession  of  informa- 
tion regarding  anything.  Dengan  sa4ahu-ku  : 
with  my  knowledge.  Banyak-lah  tahu  dari- 
pada  ta'4ahu :  he  knew  rather  more  than  he 
did  not  know. 

Tahtckan :  {i)=ztahu  akan :  to  know  of. 
Menchari  orang  yang  tahukan  nbat-nya  :  to  look 
for  a  man  who  knows  the  remedy  for  it ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  146.  (2)  To  make  known.  Akuhendak 
tahukan  herti-nya  Jaya  Lenggaraitu:  I  propose 
to  explain  (make  known)  the  meaning  of  the 
words  Jaya  Lenggara;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 

Ketahuwan :  knowledge;  sense;  capacity  for 
understanding.  Berketahuwan :  possessed  of 
sense ;  sensible.  Tiyada  ketahuwan  or  tiyada 
berketahuwan  :  indescribable ;  insoluble  ;  in 
utter  confusion ;  ridiculous. 

Ketahuwi  (akan)  and  mengetahuwi :  to  know. 
Di-ketahiiwi-nya :  it  was  known  to  him ;  he 
knew.  Berketahuwi :  to  be  possessed  of 
knowledge ;  to  know. 

Pengetahuwan  :  knowledge. 

tahi.  Filth;  mucus;  dirt;  ordure.  Di-lempar 
bunga  di-balas  lempar  tahi :  to  throw  a  flower 
and  get  filth  thrown  back  in  return ;  dis- 
gusting ingratitude ;  Prov.  '  Bangsa  anjing 
kalau  biyasa  makan  tahi,  diya  ta' -makan  pun 
chiyum  ada  juga  :  beasts  of  the  dog  type  which 
are  accustomed  to  feed  on  filth,  smell  of  it 
even  when  they  have  given  up  eating  it ;  a 
foul  brute  will  continually  give  evidence  of 
his  former  vile  life  even  when  he  tries  to  give 
it  up ;  Prov.  Ay  am  terlepas  tangan  bawa  tahi : 
the  fowl  has  escaped  and  all  that  is  left  in  the 
hand  is  its  dirt ;  a  man  seeks  credit  in  an 
enterprise  and  often  only  gets  disgrace  out  of 
it ;  Prov,  Tahi  hidong  masin :  a  metaphor  for 
a  miser.  Lawak-lawak  main  bunga  tahi:  a 
metaphor  for  an  interchange  of  jests  ending 
in  a  quarrel. 

T.  angin :  light  clouds  driven  by  the  wind ; 
also  a  metaphor  for  idle  words;  nonsense. 
Runiput  tahi  angin  :  a  kind  of  moss. 

T.  ay  am :  (also  t.  anjing  and  t,  asu  [Mantra]); 
a  name  given  to  several  kinds  of  weeds, 
lantana  mixta,  vinca  rosea,  and  ageratum  cory- 
zoides, 

T.   ayer 
water. 


refuse  floating  on  the  surface  of 


TANYA 


[    157    ] 


TfiBING 


T,  babi,  or  rumptit  t,  babi :  a  kind  of  weed, 
vernonea  cinerea. 

T.  best :  rust. 

r.  bintang :  small  caterpillars. 

T.  burong :  a  kind  of  plant. 

T.  gergaji :  sawdust. 

T.  hams  :  driftwood  borne  by  the  current. 

T,  kahwah :  coffee  dregs. 

T,  kerbau^  or  rumput  t.  kerbau :  a  plant, 
fimbristilis  miliacea, 

r.  ketam  :  bits  of  shavings. 

T,  lalat :  a  mole;  Ht.  Hamza,  11;  Ht.Ganj. 
Mara,  9. 

r.  mat  a :  mucus  about  the  eye. 

T,  minyak  :  refuse  in  making  oil. 

T,  panas  :  prickly  heat. 

T.  penyakit :  an  eruption  consequent  on 
illness. 

T,  telinga :  wax  in  the  ear. 

T.  tikus  :  a  kind  of  cake. 

r.  udang'tidang :  the  discharges  in  dysentery 
complaints. 

T.  ular :  the  rough  ends  of  silk  threads  on 
the  surface  of  silk  cloth  of  native  make. 

T,  uli :  a  term  of  abuse. 

Buwat  t, :  a  metaphor  for  getting  into  debt. 

Uban  t,  harimau :  grey  hair  where  either  the 
white  or  the  black  hairs  have  a  great  pre- 
ponderance in  numbers. 

Ular  t.  kerbau:  a  snake  (unidentified). 

Tahi  is  often  pronounced  tai,  colloquially, 
and  te  in  compounds,  e.  g.,  te-angin,  te-uli, 
te-ayam, 

^U    tanya.     Enquiry ;  questioning. 

Bertanya  :  to  enquire.  Bertanyakan  :  =  ber- 
tanya  akan  :  to  enquire  after. 

Bertanya'i :  to  make  an  enquiry ;  to  put  a 
question. 

Menanyai  and  menanyakan:  to  ask  about 
(anything). 

Sewa  pertanya  :  to  obtain  from  a  person  a 
revelation  of  what  he  desires  to  hide;  Muj., 
76. 

'-^jV    tabaraka.       Arab.      May  (he)    be    blessed. 
TabdrakaHlah  :  blessed  be  God. 

jS\Z    tfibakang.  A  fish ;  also  Umbakang,  q.  v. 

C^-J  tSbat.  Drawing  a  barrier  across  anything; 
damming  a  river ;  closing  a  thoroughfare  to 
traffic  ;  barricading.     M^nebat :  to  dam. 

\jC    tSbSra.     (Johor.)     A  kind  of  fish ;  v.  tembera 
and  kedera. 


>^ 


tSbfirau,  A  name  given  to  several  of  the 
larger  grasses,  chiefly  sachartim  arundinaceum, 
sachanim  ridleyi,  and  thysanolo^na  acarifera. 


^4/^»    tabariyyat.     Arab.     A  receipt ;  a  quittance. 


^j*w  tebas.  (Onom.)  The  felling  of  undergrowth 
or  of  low  secondary  jungle,  as  distinct  from 
the  cutting  down  of  large  trees  {tebang,  q.  v.) 
Tebas  buloh  sa-perdtc :  to  cut  down  a  clump  of 
bamboos ;  to  destroy  a  whole  family,  or  to 
marry  several  sisters  ;  Prov. 

Di'tebas-nya  semak'Samwi :  he  cleared  the 
ground  of  undergrowth. 

Tebashan :  to  have  secondary  growth  cleared 
away ;  to  remove  undergrowth.  Menebas : 
to  cut  down  undergrowth.  M.  jalan  yang 
semak-semak  :  to  clear  roads  that  have  become 
overgrown. 

Menebas  rnenebang  :  to  clear  land  of  all  forest 
growths  ;  to  prepare  land  for  planting  ;  Sej. 
MaL,  55.  Menebang  menebas  :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd., 
367- 


^jw  tSbus.  Redemption  from  slavery,  from  mort- 
gage, or  from  a  pawnbroker's  possession;  re- 
lease from  the  power  of  another  person. 
Gedong  Urgadai  sa-hingga  tiyada  dapat  di-tebus 
jadi  di-lelong :  stores  so  heavily  mortgaged 
that  they  could  not  be  redeemed  and  had  to 
be  sold  by  auction;  Bint.  Tim.,  23  Feb,,  1895. 

Menebiis  :  to  redeem,  Menebus  hamba :  to 
buy  a  slave;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.,  27;  Ht.  Best., 
16.  Menebus  kaus:  to  redeem  a  pair  of  shoes 
from  pawn ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  19. 


«J    taba*    or    tabi'.     Arab.     Follower,   disciple ; 
C:       Ht.    Zaly.,  5. 


ij    tSbang.      (Onom.)      The    clearing  of   virgin 
CT      forest ;   the  cutting  down   of  large   trees  as 
distinct  from  undergrowth  (  v.  tebas ).     Di-i^- 
bang  dan  di-belah-belah  akan  menjadi  kayu  apt  : 
felled  and  cut  up  to  be  used  as  firewood ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  295. 
Menebang  :  to  fell  (  heavy  timber ). 
Penebang  :  a  hatchet ;  an  axe ;   any  instru- 
ment for  feUing  large  trees  ;  Sh.   Sri  Bun.,  8. 


iJ    tSbeng.       ( Kedah.)       Teasing;      irritation; 
^       worrying.    Jangan  di4ebeng=jangan  di-amati. 


jui  tSbing.  The  raised  bank  of  a  river  ;  the  dyke 
^  raised  at  the  side  of  a  cutting  by  the  earth 
thrown  out  in  excavation ;  a  sand  bank 
Di-tebing  parit  itu  berkeliling  di-tanam-nya 
pokok  sena  :  senna  trees  were  planted  round 
the  banks  of  the  moat ;  Ht.  Abd.,  58.  Tebing 
runtoh :  the  sunken  bank  upon  which  the 
pauh  janggi  grows. 


t£bok 


[  158  ] 


t£tap 


<^ 


^ 


t^ 


Oj^ 


t6bok.     Boring  ;  the  making  of  a  cylindrical 

hole  in  any  substance  ;  sinking  the  shaft  of  a 
mine ;  digging  a  well ;  making  a  hole  in  the 
earth,  as  a  rat  or  mole.  Nyior  di-tebok  hipai  or 
mumbang  di-Ubok  tupai :  a  coco-nut  bored  by 
a  squirrel ;  a  metaphor  for  a  ruined  girl ;  Prov. 

r.  lesong :  the  groove  of  the  lesong  hindek. 

Bertebok  :  bored,  with  a  hole  or  perforation 
through  it. 

T^bok  is  also  used  of  the  joints  on  a  dragon's 
tail.  Ttijoh'belas  tebok  ekor-nya  daripada  per- 
mata  :  seventeen  joints  in  his  tail  each  of  gems ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Gemerlapan  tebok-tebok  ekor- 
nya :  the  joints  in  his  tail  glittered ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub. 

tSbal.  Comparative  thickness ;  relative  depth ; 
— of  materials  such  as  paper,  cloth,  or  planks, 
or  as  the  skin,  or  as  a  wall. 

Mtika  Ubal :  brazen-faced. 

T,  hati :  hard-heartedness. 

Daun  seUbal:  the  name  of  a  plant,  fugrce 
racemosa,  or  marlea  nobilis. 

Akar  setebal :  a  wax  flower,  hoya  coronaria. 
tabligh.     Arab.     To  come  to  maturity. 


Oy    tdban.     A  plant ;  see  taban. 

yf  tSbu.  I.  The  sugar-cane  (saccharum  officina- 
rum) — of  which  the  Malays  recognize  many 
varieties,  e.  g,,  t.  batang  bayam^  t,  belong,  t, 
gading,  t,  gagak,  t,  kapor,  t.  lanjong,  t,  rnadu, 
t.  tanjong  hitam,  t,  tebu  and  t.  telor,  Dapat 
tebu  rebah  :  to  find  a  fallen  sugar-cane  ;  to  find 
a  sugar-cane  ready  cut  for  you  ;  extreme  good 
luck,  Prov.  Tebu  masok  mulut  gajah  :  sugar- 
cane entering  the  elephant's  mouth  (and  not 
at  all  likely  to  come  out  again) ;  running  to 
certain  destruction ;  Prov.  Tanam  tebu  di- 
bibir  mulut:  to  plant  sugar-cane  on  the  lips 
(of  an  elephant);  to  place  anything  in  a 
position  very  dangerous  to  its  continued 
existence ;  Prov. 

Ular  katang  t^bu  :  the  banded  viper,  bungarus 
fasciatm.  Ular  tuntong  tebu:  id.  Ular  tuntong 
tebu  laut :  a  name  sometimes  given  to  the 
many  families  of  fasciate  sea-snakes  (e,  g., 
distira  stokesii)  which  haunt  the  Malayan  seas. 


O^J^ 


11.    V.  ojr  ' 

t6buwan.  A  hornet.  Also  tabohan;  v.  taboh; 
but  tebuwan  is  the  common  colloquial  form. 
Sarang  tebuwan  jangan  di-jolok :  do  not  poke 
up  a  hornet's  nest ;  let  sleeping  dogs  lie ;  Prov. 
Tebuwan  meminang  anak  lelaba:  the  hornet 
is  asking  for  the  daughter  of  the  spider  in 
marriage;  an  inappropriate  alliance;  Prov. 
Bagai  tebuwan  dalam  tukil :  like  a  hornet  in  a 
bamboo  vessel  for  liquid;  buzzing  about  in 
impotent  efforts  to  get  out ;  frantic  struggling ; 
Prov. 

tabohan  or  tSbuhan.    See  taboh  and  tebuwan. 


AJ 


tSbah.  Beating  (on  a  flat  surface);  beating 
the  breast  in  grief  or  anger ;  striking  the  sur- 
face of  the  water  to  frighten  fish  into  going 
in  a  certain  direction ;  beating  carpets  to  get 
out  the  dust,  or  mosquito  curtains  to  drive 
away  mosquitoes.  Tebah  dada:  to  beat  the 
breast  in  vexation  or  anger;  Sh.  Bid.,  3;  Sh. 
Sri  Bun.,  3;  Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  24;  Sh.  Panj. 

Sg. 

tut,  Tut'tut:  an  interjection  of  alarm  or 
astonishment  used  by  children. 

Bangau  melengong  di-tepi  kolam; 
Tut'tut  ayer   kering : 

a  stork  dozing  by  the  pond  banks,  hullo,  hullo, 
the  water  is  dried  up !  — a  riddle  descriptive 
of  a  lamp  going  out  by  consuming  the  oil. 


,j*g\i;    tetabas.     A  bridal  ornament ; 


Kl 


|Vi;    tStapi.     [Skr.  tathdpi,]     But,  however,  still, 
-  nevertheless. 


U^ 


t^tas.  Broken,  cut  open  or  slit  open  from 
within ;  forced  open  from  the  inner  side  as 
when  the  point  of  a  knife  is  inserted  into 
anything  and  the  blade  is  then  forced  up. 
Maka  Indera  Lana  itwpun  kaluwar-lah  dari- 
pada perut  raksasa  itu  di-tetas-nya  dengan  keris- 
nya :  then  Indra  Lana  issued  forth  from  the 
stomach  of  the  evil  spirit,  having  cut  his  way 
out  with  his  keris ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

Menetas :  to  force  open  from  within ;  to  be 
hatched,  of  an  egg;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  g;  Sh. 
B.  A.  M.,  2.     Cf.  retas,  gentas^  betas,  etc. 

tStap.  I.  Permanency;  fixity  {e.g,,  of  tenure 
or  residence) ;  the  feeling  of  security  or  con- 
fidence ;  firmly  established ;  definitely  decided. 
Satelah  tetap  bichara  itu :  when  that  matter 
was  settled.  Supaya  ku  tinggal  tetap  di- 
Singapura :  that  I  might  take  up  my  residence 
permanently  at  Singapore.  Ku  banding- 
bandingkan  sa-hingga  tetap-lah  pada  pikiran-ku : 
I  made  comparison  after  comparison  until  I 
arrived  at  a  definite  conclusion. 

Ketetapan:  security,  certainty,  permanence, 
confidence ;  Sh,  Abd.  Mk.,  97. 

Menetapkan  :  to  ensure  permanency ;  to  give 
definiteness  or  security;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  112; 
Sej.  Mai,,  68.  Pertetapkan:  id.;  Ht.  Abus., 
24. 

Pertetap :  confident,  assured ;  Ht,  Sg.  Samb. 

n.  The  removal  of  moisture  or  dampness 
from  a  surface  by  the  application  of  cloth, 
blotting-paper  or  any  other  substance  which 
sucks  it  up. 

Kain  tetap  tuboh  :  a  towel  to  suck  up  moisture 
and  so  dry  the  body  ;  a  towel  applied  to  and 
not  rubbed  over  the  body. 


TfiTAK 


[     159    ] 


TfeDONQ 


Cr* 


J^ 


3^ 


t6tak.     Hewing  ;  hacking  ;  slashing  ;  a  blow 

with  a  cutting  instrument  such  as  a  sword. 
Beberapa  kami  tetak  kami  tikam  tiyada  juga  iya 
matt :  slash  at  him,  stab  him  as  we  might,  he 
would  not  die  ;  Sej.  MaL,  43.  Tetak  ayer 
mahu'kah  putus  :  if  you  hew  water,  will  you 
cut  it  to  pieces  ?  Prov. 

Laksana  golok  kayti 
Tetak  ta'-makaitf  jtiwal  ta'-laku  : 

like  a  wooden  chopper  which  makes  no  im- 
pression if  you  hew  with  it  and  fetches  nothing 
if  you  try  to  sell  it ;  worthless ;  Prov. 

Tetakkan  and  nienetakkan  :  to  use  (any  sharp 
instrument)  for  cutting ;  to  cut  with  (any- 
thing); Ht.  Abd.,  106;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  11  ;  Sh. 
Abd.  Mk.,  51.  Bertetakkan :  id.,  Sej.  Mai., 
17 ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Menetak  :  to  give  a  cutting  blow  ;  Sej.  MaL, 
83 ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Tetak-menetak :  to  slash 
at  each  other ;  to  interchange  cuts  as  men 
fighting  with  cutlasses ;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  13. 
Tangan  menetak  balm  memikul :  while  the  hand 
hews  the  shoulder  carries ;  energy,  wasting 
no  time;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  94. 

tetgkala,  tatkala  or  tetkala.  [Skr.  tat- 
kala,]  The  time  that ;  at  the  time  that ; 
when.  Pada  tetkala  itu :  at  that  time;  v. 
kala, 

t6t6gok.     A  bird,  the  ptmggok,  q.  v. ;  a  name 

given  to  the punggok  in  Patani  and  occasionally 
in  Kedah  and  Perak.     Saperti  tetegok  di-rumah 


> 


o^ 


tinggal :    like    a 


night-bird 


in    a    deserted 


house ;  absolute  soHtude  or  loneliness  ;  Prov., 

J.S.A.S.,  n.,  141. 

tStal.  Close  together,  of  threads  or  thread- 
like parallel  objects  ;  without  wide  interstices ; 
close  as  the  pattern  of  a  cloth  ; — the  converse 
of  jarang,  q.  v. 

Ktiweh  tetal  (Riau)  a  kind  of  cake  ;=:(Johor) 
pulut  apit,  and  (Kedah)  pulut  tetal.  It  is  made 
of  cooked  pulut  with  coco-nut  milk,  sugar  and 
eggs. 

tStampan.  A  napkin  or  kerchief  of  silk  cloth 
worn  over  the  left  shoulder  in  the  presence  of 
a  prince  by  certain  court  officials ;  see  tampan. 


i    tgtuban.     See  tuban. 


tStungap.     (Kedah.)     A  preparation  of  salted 
fish. 


yfjcjj    tStuka.     A  small  ray-like  fish  ;  see  tuka. 
^2,^    tithlith.     Arab,     The  Trinity. 


o»^ 


tajalll.     Arab.      Revealed,    clear,    revelation, 
vision;  Sh.  I.M.P.,  s;=nyata. 

tajuhan.     A  small  copper  shield,  Kl. 


^^i^  tajwid.  Arab.  Saying  or  doing  what  is 
right ;  grammatical.  Hukum  tajwid  :  the  laws 
of  correct  enunciation  (in  reading  Arabic) ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  51,  150. 


44^   tahrlf.     Arab.     An  anagram. 


]^i^   tahaflfudl.     Arab.     Liihu't-tahaffudl:  the  Tab- 
let of  Fate  ;  Bust.  Sal. 

4ji^  tuhfat.  Arab.  Present ;  favour ;  tribute ;  any- 
thing rare  or  beautiful,  and  so  worthy  of  pre- 
sentation. TuhfatuH  ajnas :  a  gift  of  miscel- 
lanies— a  favourite  expression  in  epistolary 
Malay  for  describing  a  letter,  and  (perhaps)  the 
gifts  {bingkisan)  which  used  to  accompany  a 
letter. 


j^ 


tahallil.     Arab.    To  legalize  the  re-marriage 

of  fully  divorced  persons  by  using  the  indivi- 
dual colloquially  called  the  china  buta,  i.e.,  a 
person  who  marries  a  divorced  woman  only  to 
divorce  her  the  next  morning  and  so  to  supply 
the  legal  requirement  of  an  intermediate  mar- 
riage to  enable  her  to  re-marry  her  original 
husband  ;  to  legalize  generally  ;  to  render  law- 
ful. 


^  takhta.  [Pers.  takht.]  A  throne,  Takhta 
kerajaan :  a  royal  throne ;  the  throne  of 
sovereignty.  Bertakhta  :  properly,  to  sit  en- 
throned, but  also  used  of  residence  in  a  gene- 
ral sense  when  speaking  of  a  prince  ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  117. 
Sa-genap  negeri  dan  takhta  :  every  state  and 
throne ;  every  country  (by  metaphor) ;  Sh. 
Nas.,  10. 


j^ 


takhayyuL     Arab.     To  imagine,  to  fancy. 


jKiJH  tadbir.  Arab.  Government.  Mentadbirkan 
perentah :  to  administer  the  Government,  to 
command  ;  Sej.  MaL,  351. 

wJJ  tSdas.  A  small  projecting  ring  round  a 
column  or  pillar  as  distinct  from  a  groove 
let  into  a  pillar  (tali  ayer). 

9- J3  tSdong.  A  swelling  at  the  back  of  the  neck 
^  in  contradistinction  to  a  goitre  or  swelling  un- 
der the  chin  or  on  the  throat.  Ulav  t.  :  a 
generic  name  for  snakes  with  expanding  hoods 
or  (occasionally)  of  hoodless  snakes  which 
resemble  hooded  ones  in  some  particular. 

Ular  tedong  abu  :  (Malacca,  Riau  and  Johor) 
the  hamadryad  :  =  (Kedah)  tdar  tedong  sela. 

Ular  tedong  Hyar :  a  rat-snake  with  a  long  thin 
tail  with  which  it  lashes  furiously  at  assailants. 
This  snake  is  therefore  believed  to  sting  with 
its  tail. 

Ular  tidong  matahari :  a  name  given  some- 
times (Singapore)  to  the  yellow  cobra  and 
sometimes  to  a  snake  with  a  bright  red  tip  to 
its  tail. 


TiDOH 


[    i6o    ] 


T^RASI 


oX 


s/i 


^ 


Ular  tUong  sela :  (Kedah)  the  hamadryad  or 
king  cobra,  ophiophagus  elaps  or  naia  bungarus; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah. ;  (Riau,  Johor)  ular  Udong  abu, 

Ular  tedong  sendok  :  the  common  black  cobra, 
naia  tripudians  or  naia  sputatrix. 

Ular  tedong  terbang  :  a  generic  name  for  co- 
bras and  hamadryads  owing  to  their  alleged 
ability  to  fly  through  the  air,  a  belief  created 
by  the  fear  which  these  snakes,  especially  the 
hamadryad,  rouse  among  Malays. 

Ular  tedong  usat :  a  short  snake  with  longitu- 
dinal markings,  simotes  octolineatus, 

Akar  tedong  sendok  :  lit.  the  **  cobra  root" — a 
kind  of  drug  used  by  Malay  medicinemen. 

Ayam  tedong :  a  big  black  fighting-cock  so 
called  from  the  appearance  of  the  feathers  at 
the  back  of  its  neck  when  it  gets  excited. 

tSdoh.  The  stilling  of  storm  and  rain  ;  lulled, 
calmed,  quieted,  stilled — of  atmospheric  dis- 
turbances but  not  of  the  waves.  Tedoh-lah 
hujan :  the  rain  ceased ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  21. 
Ribut  itU'pun  tedoh-lah :  the  storm  abated  ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  46.  Beberapa  besar  angin  pun  disitu 
tedohjuga:  however  violently  the  wind  may 
be  blowing  anywhere,  it  will  abate  at  that 
very  spot ;  there  is  an  end  to  everything ; 
Prov. 

Bertedoh  :  to  take  shelter  (e,  g.  under  a  tree) ; 
Ht.  Sri  Rama;  Ht.  Abd.,  197;  Arabian 
Nights,  66. 

Kumbang  bertedoh  :  the  name  given  to  a 
mole  on  the  neck  under  the  chin — believed 
to  be  a  sign  of  good  luck. 


^3/ 
^  \  - 


tadzkirat. 

passport. 


Arab.     A    licence ;    a   permit  ;   a 


J!    tar.     1.     Eur.     Tar;  also  ^/r. 

n.  Kuweh  tar :  a  cake,  made  of  sugar,  suet, 
flour,  eggs  and  coco-nut,  and  baked  in  a 
mould. 


tir.     I.     Eur.     Tar;  Ht.  Jah.,  43. 
id. ;  Pemb.  Bet. 

n.     The  rook  or  castle  in  chess. 


Minyak  t.  : 


t§ra.  The  royal  seal,  stamp,  or  impression. 
Metera'i :  to  stamp,  to  seal.  Di-palukan 
miterai  tdeh  Raja  Iskandar :  they  struck  (the 
coin)  with  the  seal  of  King  Alexander ;  Ht. 
Isk.  Dz.  Belum  bertera :  it  is  still  unstamped 
as  a  letter  still  lacking  an  official  seal,  or  as  a 
block  of  tin  before  it  has  received  the  **  chop" 
which  enables  it  to  pass  as  coin  [in  Treng- 
ganu] . 

tSrabar.     (Kedah.)     A  tree  (unidentified). 

tSrabong,  The  ruffling  of  feathers  customary 
with  turkeys,  etc. 

tSrabu.  Ikan  t^rabu  :  a  freshwater  fish  (un- 
identified). 


yj" 


A 


f^V 


tSratak.      A    lean-to ;    a    temporary    shelter 

erected  by  travellers  in  the  jungle;  the  abode 
of  a  night ;  a  depreciatory  expression  used 
when  alluding  to  one's  own  house  in  the 
presence  of  a  raja.  T^ratak  patek :  my  humble 
home ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  429 ;  Ht.  Koris. 


V   tgratu. 


teratii . 


[Port,      trato,] 
a  torture-chamber. 


Torture.      Tempat 


tSratai.  The  lotus,  nelumbium  speciosum,  T. 
kechil:  the  common  water-lily,  nymphcea 
stellata. 

T.  china,  t,  gunong,  and  t.  siyam  :  varieties  of 
the  lotus. 

The  lotus  also  appears  in  romances  as  the 
name  of  an  ancient  pattern  of  cloth  or  of  a 
garment:  baju  teratai,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  (3  places); 
kain  sungkit  bunga  teratai,  Ht.  Koris  ;  etc. 

Batang  t. :  the  stem  of  the  lotus,  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah. 

tgrajang.  The  act  of  raising  the  foot  slightly 
and  then  forcing  it  down  violently  on  the 
ground;  stamping  down  one's  foot  for  any 
purpose — as  distinct  from  a  mere  aimless 
stamp  of  rage  or  vexation  (enfak,  q.  v.).  Di- 
terajang-nya  batang  leher  dengan  kaki-nya :  he 
stamped  his  foot  upon  the  neck  (of  his  enemy) ; 
Ht.  Hamz.,  63. 

T,  ttwiit :  driving  one's  heel  into  the  ground  ; 
forcing  down  one's  heel. 

Tendang  t, :  kicking  out  and  stamping  down  ; 
kicking  about  in  all  directions;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.; 
Sh.  Abd.,  Mk,,  144. 

Terajangkan :  to  kick  down,  to  stamp  on ; 
Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  29. 

Berterajang :  to  kick  downwards;  Ht.  Sri 
Rama  (Maxw.),  61. 

Cf.  rejang,  tajang,  tendang,  sepak,  kidang,  en- 
tak,  tandak,  etc. 

tSrajam.     A  tree  (unidentified) ;  Kl. 

tdraju.  [  Pers.  tardzu.  ]  Scales  ;  the  name 
given  to  the  string  joining  (loosely)  the  two 
extremities  of  the  body  of  a  kite ;  the  string 
to  which  the  line  of  a  kite  is  attached. 


y\j!    terada.      (  Batav. )      Is   not ;    not   to  be ;  = 

tiyada, 

^JJ*    "tarazu.     See  teraju. 

\^)/  tarasul.  Letter-writing;  epistolary  corres- 
pondence. *Ilmu  tarasul :  the  art  of  letter- 
writing. 


t5^y 


tSrasi.  (Batav.)  A  peculiar  preserve  of  dried 
prawns,  better  known  in  the  Straits  as  belachan, 
Sambal  terasi  pula  di-bawakan :  they  brought 
sambals  and  belachan;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

T.  manis :    a  sea-shore  shrub,  glochidion  insu- 
lare. 


TfeRAPANG 


[     i6i    ] 


T^RJUN 


^2/    tSrapang.     A  metal    covering  for  the  lower 
^  portion  of  the  sheath  of  a  keris ;  a  keris  fur- 

nished with  a  sheath  of  this  description ;  Sh. 
Peng.,  3;  Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  43;  Sh.  Put.  Ak., 
4;  Sh.  Bid.  (Leyd.),  360. 

Ikan  t,:  (Kedah)  a  fish  (unidentified). 


j^^ 


W   tfiragil. 


ji\,- 


oAr 


b^ 


6V 


1/ 


i/ 


en/ 


A  plant   (unidentified)  ;    J.  I.  A.,  I. 


255- 


w 


tSraling.  I.  A  bird  something  Hke  a  parrot  ; 
also  known  as  shindit  gajah. 

II.     A  wood  used  in  house-building,  tarrietia 
simplicifolia, 

tdranas.  Firm  sea-bottom ;  good  holding- 
ground  for  anchors;  good  anchorage  (sand 
and  rock  mixed ) ;  —  also  known  (Kedah)  as 
pasir  helanak, 

tSrawaiXg.  Reaching  neither  to  the  top  nor 
to  the  bottom ;  suspended  in  mid-air  like  the 
baitiiH-miikaddas  or  legendary  Jerusalem  ;  with 
bare  patches ;  interspersed  with  open  spaces, 
as  a  jungle  of  unequal  density ;  a  pattern  in 
perforation. 

Cf.  awang  and  kerawang. 

tarsiwlh.     Arab.     Sembahyang   tardwih :     the 

twenty-two  genuflections  after  the  last  prayer 
of  Ramadan. 


tSrbit  or  t§rbet.  Issue ;  exit  from  ;  motion 
out  of ;  appearance  after  concealment ;  rise 
into  prominence.  Matahari  terbit :  the  rising 
sun;  Sej.  Mai.,  5.  Terbit-lah  btilan pernama : 
the  full  moon  rose;  Ht.  Abd.,  222.  Angin 
yang  terbit  dari  dalam  taman  muhabbat:  a 
breeze  which  takes  its  rise  in  the  garden  of 
love ;  Ht.  Abd.,  222.  Dada-nya  memolai  ter- 
bit saperti  ktmtum  melati :  her  breast  began  to 
swell  like  the  blossom  of  the  melati;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  87.  Masok  htitan  terbit  rimba,  masok 
padang  terbit  padang :  entering  the  forest,  then 
issuing  from  the  jungle ;  entering  on  plains 
and  leaving  them  again, — of  a  traveller  ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Nata. 

;    tSrbut.     A  heavy  wooden  bolt  or  nail  used  in 


ship-building. 

tSrSbis.  Fallen  away  at  the  side  or  along 
part  of  its  surface,  as  a  sandbank  part  of  which 
has  fallen  into  the  stream ;  slipping  away 
dow^n  a  slope,  as  a  man  who  loses  his  footing. 

Also  cher^bis. 


^j^j;   tgrbus. 


[  Arab,    iarbush,]     A  fez. 


tgrbang.     I.     Flying ;  flight ;  to  fly. 

T.  arwdh  :  the  flight  of  the  spirit  of  animal 
life;  the  loss  of  consciousness;  Ht.  Abd.,  282, 
288;  Marsd.  Gr.,  144.  Terbang  semangat: 
id. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  49,  81. 


Pagi  belum  terbang  lalat:  in  the  morning 
before  the  flies  are  astir,  ix,,  before  sunrise. 

Beterbangan:  flying  about  as  birds  (Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.),  or  as  stones  after  an  explosion  (Ht. 
Abd.,  64,  66,  470). 

Terbangkan :  to  carry  off  (any  one)  by  flight ; 
to  fly  away  with  any  person  or  thing;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  109,  118;  Panch.,  35. 

II.     A  tambourine  ;  =  rebana,  q.  v. 

\jj:  tarbil.  A  kind  of  cross-bow  throwing  a  stone 
instead  of  an  arrow;  a  species  of  catapult 
based  upon  the  principle  of  the  bow. 

L  J  tSrbuL  An  edible  freshwater  fish  ;  Pel.  Abd., 
132. 

Cx'^ax.j:    tarbantin.     Arab.     Turpentine, 
j^  -    tgrat.     (Kedah.)     A  boundary. 
aUJ    tSrtawa.     To  laugh ;   v.  tawa. 


c-^"  tdrtib  or  tartlb.  Arab.  Order;  rank;  fit- 
ness of  precedence.  Mengajar  daripada  adab 
dan  tartlb :  to  teach  proper  respect  and  be- 
haviour ;  to  teach  a  child  to  show  respect  to 
his  elders  and  to  keep  his  proper  place ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  477.  Tartlb  sembahyang :  the  order  of 
prayer;  ritual;  Sej.  MaL,  90. 

»-J    tSrdjang.     V.  terajang,  and  rijang, 

i;>.  J    t6r6jing.     A  kind  of  long  curved  knife  ;*[,Pijn. 

Wy  tdrSjal.  The  flapping  of  a  kite  consequent  on 
an  unsatisfactory  adjustment  of  the  string 
joining  the  extremities  of  its  body  {terajtt,  q.v.). 

\j^J    tarjaman.     Arab.     A   dragoman;    an    inter- 


U^^ 


preter. 


4^  J    tarjamah.    Arab.    Translation.   Mintarjamah- 


^.^ 


Crr^ 


kan  :  to  translate ;  Panch.,  3. 


tSrjun.  Rapid  and  almost  precipitate  des- 
cent ;  leaping  down  ;  jumping  down.  Terjun 
dari  atas  kuda:  to  leap  off  a  horse.  Terjun 
dari  janela:  to  let  oneself  drop  from  a  window. 
Terjun  ka-dalam  stmgai :  to  leap  into  a  river, 
as  a  diver  or  as  a  fugitive. 

Terjimkan:  to  let  anything  down;  to  drop 
(transitive).  Menerjimkan  anjing  ka-dalam 
stmgai :  to  let  a  dog  drop  into  the  water ;  Ht. 
Hg.  Tuw.,  27. 

M^nirjun :  to  let  oneself  drop  down  anything; 
to  drop  (intransitive). 


T&RAS 


[     i62     ] 


TiRUP 


Kjr'j' 


uv 


J 


&-■ 


t§ras.  The  heart  or  core  of  trees ;  the  hard- 
est part  of  a  tree.  Pesti  iya  berteras  dalam-nya : 
it  must  have  a  solid  heart ;  it  must  have  a 
core ;  Ht.  Abd.,  4.  Di-mana-kah  berteras  kaytt 
mahang:  where  will  you  find  a  mahang  tree 
with  a  hard  core ;  do  not  expect  impossibilities ; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  104.  TSras  iirun- 
jam  gubal  melayang :  the  core  is  fixed  firmly 
in  the  ground,  the  light  wood  which  surrounds 
it  is  blown  away;  the  rich  are  difficult  to 
move,  the  poor  are  ruined  by  the  first  breath 
of  ill-fortune;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  102. 
Peteras :  (Kedah)  pride,  arrogance. 

tSrus.  Right  through;  in  a  direct  line  through 
or  across  any  space.  Ada  satu  pintu,  dart  situ 
buleh  berjalan  terns  sampai  ka-sungai :  there  is 
a  gate  through  which  one  can  go  straight 
through  to  the  river.  Baju  sakldt  ttu-ptm 
terns :  the  coat  of  broadcloth  was  also  pierced 
right  through.  Terus  mata :  eyesight  that  can 
pierce  through  solid  objects,  Ht.  Ind.  Meng ; 
second  sight,  Ht.  Best. 

Terus-metertis  tiyada  chawang-nya:  perfectly 
straight,  without  branching  off;  Sh.  Sri  Bun., 
77* 

Terusan  :  a  canal  or  channel  forming  a  short 
cut  between  two  reaches  of  a  river  or  between 
a  reach  of  a  river  and  the  sea. 

Menertisi:  to  penetrate  straight  through  to 
anything,  as  an  arrow  piercing  to  the  heart ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  146. 


^   tSrsu. 

^^      fied) ; 


An   edible   saltwater   fish    (unidenti- 


Kl. 


•    tSrisula.       [Skr.     trisiUa,]       A   trident;     Ht. 
^^      Koris;  Ht,  Ind.   Meng.;   Ht.  Sg.  Samb,     Cf. 
t^ri  and  snla. 


^  J  tarsal.     A   kind  of  acacia,  the  gum   of  which 

^tr-^  is  used  for  blackening  the  teeth. 

^  J  tursi.     (Tamil.)     Vitriol ;   sulphate  of  copper. 

^^  Also  terusi. 


tSrang.  Clearness ;  brightness ;  offering  no 
obstacle  to  the  sight  of  the  eye  or  of  the  mind, 
r.  hati  :  clearsightedness,  intelligence,  quick- 
ness of  apprehension. 

T.  benderang :  shining  brightness ;  unusual 
brightness ;  illumination. 

r.  chuwacha  :  clear  brightness  as  that  of  an 
unclouded  day. 

T.  tanah  :  the  clearing  of  land. 

Menyamun  di-tengah-tengah  terang :  to  rob 
in  broad  daylight ;  to  plunder  without  any 
attempt  at  concealment. 

Terangkan  ;  to  clear,  e.  g*.,  to  clear  land  for 
a  building  site ;  Ht.  Abd.,  255. 

Keterangan  :  clearness  ;  obviousness  ;  bril- 
liancy. Dengan  A.  :  clearly ;  obviously — or 
brilliantly,  as  lightning  flashing  in  the  sky; 
Sh.,  A.R.  S.J.,  6. 


t/ 


i-T-J^P  P 


'J' 


-er 


Menerangkan :  to  light  up ;  to  brighten,  as 
the  sun  illumines  the  mountains;  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya.  Menerangi :  id.,  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. ;  Sh. 
Bid.,  83,  128. 

Penerang :  anything  that  brightens  or  clears. 

^Azimat  pinerang  hati:  a  charm  to  brighten 
the  intellect ;  Muj.,  89.  Also  siva^ly  penerang 
hati ;  Muj.,  37. 

throng.  I.  A  kind  of  vegetable;  the  brinjal 
or  solamim.  Bagai  terong  bertunang  ikan 
keying :  like  the  brinjal's  engagement  to  the 
dry  fish  (which  it  first  meets  in  the  saucepan); 
involuntary  association  in  misfortune  ;  Prov. 

T.  asam  ;  t,  belanda ;  t,  perat :  names  given 
to  the  solamim  actdeatissimum. 

T,  human  :  (Langkawi)  the  name  of  a  climb- 
ing plant,  cyclea  arnotti, 

T,  meranti :  solanum  nigrum. 

T.  pipit :  the  name  given  to  two  shrubs, 
solanum  torvum  and  solanum  verbascifolium. 
The  latter  is  also  sometimes  called  terong 
raya  and  terong  rimhang,  T.  pipit  is  also  the 
name  of  a  Kedah  hero. 

T.  pungah :  a  name  sometimes  given  to 
stramonitim. 

T.  tikus  :  solanum  sarmentosmn. 

Other  species  unidentified :  t,  birti,  t.  dada 
ruwangy  t.  hijau,  t.  kemau,  t,  pahit,  and  t,  ungu. 

II.  Harimau  terong  kasau :  (Kedah)  the 
royal  tiger ;  also  torang  kasau  or  turang  kasau, 

III.  The  word  of  command  to  make  an 
elephant  kneel ;  also  derum  and  terum. 

teringket.  The  name  given  by  lascars  to 
certain  square  sails  between  the  lowest  yard 
and  the  deck.  T.  dul :  the  lowest  square- 
sail  on  the  foremast.     T.  suwai  :  the  foresail. 

terongko.  [Port,  tronco,']  A  prison  ;  a  lock- 
up ;  a  cell. 

Terongkokan :  to  incarcerate  ;  Ht.  Jah.,  13. 

tfirangkera.  [Port,  tranqueira,]  A  stockade  ; 
a  palissade  ;  the  name  given  to  a  part  of  the 
town  of  Malacca. 

terap.  I.  A  hollow  moulding  or  formation  ; 
a  cutting  on  a  keris  ;  the  actual  use  of  type 
in  printing ;  impression  with  type. 

Keris  teterapan  :  a  keris  with  a  hollow  running 
up  its  blade;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed.; 
Sej.  Mai.,  91 ;  Sh.  Bid.,  86. 

II.  A  kind  of  tree,  artocarpus  kunstleri^  the 
bark  of  which  is  used  by  Sakais  for  clothing  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  382.  Daun  terap :  a  leaf  of  this 
tree;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  5,  7;  Ht.  Gh. 


3j    tfirup,  I.     Main  terup  :  a  card  game,    played 
with  European  cards. 

II.  [Eng.  troop.]  A  trooper,  a  cavalry 
soldier.  Kuda  terup :  a  troop  horse  ;  a  war 
horse  ;  a  charger. 


V* 


tIirpa 


[     t63     ] 


TfiROMPET 


U^*  tSrpa  ortSrfipa.  A  leap  forward;  a  hasty 
movement  forward,  as  when  an  angry  man 
moves  impulsively  to  strike.  Di4erepa-nya 
akan  pengeran  itu :  he  sprang  at  the  Chief;  Ht. 
Abd.,  125.  Sa-mata  duwa  mata  anak  iangga 
di-terepa-nya  tileh  Hang  KesUiri  :  Hang  Kasturi 
sprang  up  one  or  two  steps  of  the  ladder ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  159. 

The  form  mengherpa  occurs  for  menerpa ; 
Ht.  Isk.  Bz, 

\ij!  tSrpal.  [Eng.  tarpatdin,]  The  apron  on  a 
coach-box ;  the  tarpaulin  on  a  ship. 

\3^  tSrpul.  I.  The  coach-box  ;  the  driver's  seat 
in  a  carriage,  Kl.=terpal  ? 

n.  (Riau.)  A  large  single  jet  of  smoke; 
the  rise  of  such  a  jet; — e.  g,,  after  a  cannon 
has  been  fired.     Cf.  keptd. 


Oit 


OJ' 


^J' 


OJ' 


^- 


L^J 


tarpin.  [Arab,  tarbanttn ;  Eng,  turpentine.'] 
Turpentine.  Minyak  tarpin  :  id.  Adapimmin- 
yak  tarpin  itu  diya-nya  datang  dari  Eropah^  bau- 
nya  terlalu  keras,  guna-nya  orang  huwat  champor- 
champor  chat  supaya  bideh  lekas  kering  : 
turpentine  comes  from  Europe,  its  smell  is 
strong,  and  it  is  used  to  mix  with  paint  to  cause 
the  paint  to  dry  quickly. 

tSrak.  I.  A  kind  of  nest  made  by  a  fowl  to 
lay  her  eggs  in — as  distinct  from  a  spot 
merely  selected  for  the  purpose  {petarangan, 
from  tarang,  q.  v.). 

n.     Tin  refuse,  after  smelting. 

in. 

brim. 


Penoh  terak  :  absolutely  full,  full  to  the 
Elok  terak  :  perfectly  beautiful. 


terek.    I.     Extreme  ;  excessive ;  to  the  full ;  to 

the  uttermost.  Panas  terek  :  extreme  heat ; 
Ht.  Koris;=:^an^s  keras.  Di-isi-nya  meriyam 
terlalu  terek :  he  loaded  the  cannon  with  a 
very  heavy  charge ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  23. 

Tengah  hari  terek :  a  hot  midday,  Ht.  Sh. 
Di4erek-nya  uleh  segala  mimteri :  he  was  pressed 
by  all  the  ministers;  Ht.  Best.  \:=^di'kera$'nya 
uleh  segala  munteri, 

n.  Burong  terek  chanai :  a  bird,  the  Indian 
oriole,  oriolus  indicus, 

t^rok.  I.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  tearing 
linen  or  breaking  rope. 

II.     Severe,  e,  g,,  of  illness,  or  of  a  beating. 

tSrka.  [Skr.  tarka.]  Guess-work.  Terka 
terki,  or  (more  commonly)  teka'-teki :  riddle, 
conundrum.     Also  (Kedah)  keteki, 

Menerka :  to  guess. 

tarkash.  Pers.  A  quiver.  Lalu  hilang-lah 
komhali  kapada  tarkash-nya  :  then  it  ( the  magic 
arrow)  disappeared,  returning  to  its  quiver; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Anak panah  daripada  tarkash- 
nya:  an  arrow  from  his  quiver;  Ht.  Md. 
Hanaf.,  93, 


u-iSy 


^ 


y 


J/ 


ltV 


tSrkap  or  tfirgkap.  (Onom.)  Catching  by 
putting  a  convex  body  over  anything,  e>  g., 
catching  a  fly  by  putting  a  glass  over  it ;  cf. 
serkap,  tekap,  serkup  and  terktip. 

tSrkup  or  tfirgkup,  (Onom.)  =  terkap,  q.  v,, 
(when  the  sound  of  the  catching  is  duller). 

Terekup  is  also  used  of  the  batting  of  rams. 
Saperti  biri-biri  yang  amatgalak  beterekup  :  like 
threatening  rams  when  they  butt;  Ht.  Isk.  Dj2. 

tSrkul.  A  carbine,  of  Turkish  make,  with  a 
barrel  which  is  rifled  inside  and  octagonal  out- 
side; a  rifle  generally;  Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  Gh. 
Senapang  t. :  a  rifle  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  58. 

tSrkam.  The  act  of  springing ;  the  leap  of  a 
wild  animal  upon  its  prey ;  also  used,  by  meta- 
phor, to  describe  the  rush  of  a  lover  to  meet  his 
mistress  after  a  long  separation ;  Ht,  Gul. 
Bak.,  99.  Saperti  singa  hendak  menerkam : 
like  a  lion  about  to  spring;  a  simile  for  an 
eager  warrior;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Demi  terpan- 
dang  ideh  kuchingy  di-terkam-nya  akan  tikus  itu  : 
when  the  cat  saw  it  she  sprang  on  the  mouse ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  12. 


t6rki.       Terka-terki , 
terka. 


riddle,    conundrum;    v. 


turki.  Turkish.  Orang  t. :  a  Turk.  Negeri 
t. :  Turkey.  Raja  t. :  the  ruler  of  the  Turks ; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  437.  Sha'ir  pBrang  turki  :  the 
Poem  of  the  Turkish  War, — the  title  of  a  poem 
dealing  with  the  last  Russo-Turkish  War. 
Bunga  t. :  the  pink  or  carnation. 

tSral.  Insistence  ;  verbal  pressure  ;  to  impor- 
tune ;  to  urge  on  labourers  to  work  (by  words, 
not  by  blows). 

t§rum.  I.  A  parcel  of  gunpowder  put  into  a 
cannon  ;  a  sort  of  cartridge.     Cf.  peterum. 

II.  (Kedah.)  A  word  of  command  given  to 
elephants  to  make  them  sit  down.  Also 
(Trengganu)  terong ;  and  derum,  Gajah  terum 
tengah  rumah  :  an  elephant  sitting  down  in  the 
middle  of  a  room ;  a  mosquito  curtain. 
(Riddle.) 

tfirmasa.  [Pers.  tamasha,]  A  show ;  a  spec- 
tacular festival ;  the  sights  of  a  place  ;  any 
event  worth  seeing;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng. 

Also  (Kedah)  teinasa. 


*/   tgrumba  or  tgromba. 

tree. 


A  pedigree ;  a  family 


j^y    tSrumbu.     A  reef  or  rock,  visible  at  low  tide 
but  covered  at  high  water. 

C-Ju^  tdrompet.  Eng.  A  trumpet.  Adasatuterom- 
pet  di'tangan-nya :  he  had  a  trumpet  in  his 
hand ;  Ht.  Abd.,  106. 

Sipuf  t. :  a  shell,  triton  variegatus. 


T&BOMPAK 


[     i64    ] 


tSbai 


•  A 


^j^y    tSrompak.     Wooden  clogs,  with   a  knob  or 

handle  to  be  caught  between  the  big  toe  and 
the  toe  next  to  it ;  Kam.  Kech.,  ii. 

Also  terompah. 

AaaJ    tdrompah.     Clogs  ;  v.  terompaL 

Ikan  t, :  a  fish  (unidentified) ;  KL 

\^    tSrfimal.     A  plant,  myristka  colletiana. 

^jp    tSran.     I.     Straining,  in  easing  oneself;    the 
motions  in  childbirth. 

II.     To  make  a  cake  so  that  the  raisins  will 
be  found  at  or  near  the  top. 

f^jp    t6r§ntang.      A  large  forest  tree,  campnosperma 
^  auriculata,     T,  bukit :  a  shrub,  allophylhis  cobbe. 

Other  unidentified  varieties :    t,  batu,  t,  baya, 
t.  burong,  t.  dayang  and  t,  tangan. 


i;  r    tSruntum.     A  sea-shore  shrub,  cegiceras  majus; 
\^      a  small  tree  ? 

T^nmtunif    batang  tmmtum, 

Pohun'7iya   rendang   lariyan   kera ; 

Bukan-nya  ktmttmi  sa-barang   kuntum, 
Kimttitn   itti   datang   dari  udava: 

the  teruntum,  the  trunk  of  the  terunUmi,  a  tree 
with  low  branches  about  which  the  monkeys 
run  ;  this  blossom  is  no  common  blossom,  it 
is  a  blossom  which  has  descended  from  the 
heavens  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 


A^    tSrau.     Spinning.     Menerau  :  to  spin  thread. 


ijj  J   tgrendak 


&-" 


A  kind  of  sun-hat  of  conical  shape 

worn  by  both  Chinese  and  Malays  ;  Ht.  Koris ; 
Sh.  Raj.  Haji,  182;  Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  29. 

T,  bent  an,  f.  bant  an  or  t,  melayu :  a  sun-hat  of 
a  perfectly  conical  shape,  the  slope  of  which  is 
in  a  straight  line. 

T,  china  :  a  sun-hat  the  slope  of  which  curves 
inwards. 

Siput  t, :  a  shell,  phonis  Solaris, 

tSrSnang.  A  water  vessel,  usually  of  earthen- 
ware, but  sometimes  adorned  with  silver ;  a 
kind  of  decanter ;  Pel.  Abd.,  69  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Sapu  tangan  t.  :  a  kind  of  cloth  or  doyley  upon 
which  the  terenang  is  placed. 

Saperti  ayer  dalam  terenang  :  like  water  in  a 
decanter,  i.  ^.,  settled  down  ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Gh., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  48. 


rj  jr    t6r6nak.     Continuous  residence  in  one  place. 
Orang  t,  :  aborigines. 


4j-    tSrSnah.     I.     Unprecedented  ;  unusual ;  phe- 
^      nomenal ;  an  expression  applied  derisively  to  a 
man  or  woman  tricked  out  in  unusual  finery. 

Si-termah :  a   fool,   a  vain   fool ;   a  term  of 
abuse ;  Sh.  Peng.,  9. 

II.     The  name  of  a  parasitic  insect  infesting 
coco-nuts. 


via/ 


tfirubong.       (Penang.)       A      padi-store ;     a 
granary. 

tfirubok.     A    fish,    cltipea    kanagurta;    Kam. 

Kech.,  6 ;  Ht.  Koris,  etc.  Ikan  t.  :  id.  Sha  'tr 
ikan  t, :  the  name  of  a  poem  descriptive  of  a 
fishes'  conference. 

Telor  t.  :  the  roe  of  the  tenibok,  a  kind  of 
caviare. 

T.  sa-kampoh :  (i)   a  piece  of  caviare ;  (2)  a 
descriptive  name  given  to  a  Malay  weapon. 

L/iJ/    terubuL     A  tree,  ixora  grandifolia. 


t§rusi.     [Tamil.]      Vitriol ;    sulphuric     acid. 
Also  titrsi. 


tSrawangsa.     A  Javanese  musical  instrument 
something  like  the  Malay  kechapi. 


^Ji/  tSropong.  A  tube:  any  tubular  instrument; 
the  tube  containing  the  lens  of  a  camera ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  452;  a  telescope ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  13. 
A  khbar  nan  laksana  teropong  negara :  a  news- 
paper is  a  national  telescope ;  Bint.  Tim.,  16 
Jan,,  1895. 

T,  apt :  (Riau,  Johor)  a  kind  of  bellows;  = 
(Bencoolen)  semponong  apt ;  also  (Johor)  siyong 
apt,  and  (Kedah)  simply  teropong, 

T,  tuma  :  a  microscope ;  KL 

Meneropong :  to  look  through  a  telescope  ;  to 
search  (the  horizon)  with  a  telescope  ;  Sh.  Pr. 
Ach.,  17  ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  25. 

^jaJ  terona.  [Skr.  tanma,]  Arrived  at  sexual  ma- 
turity but  not  having  had  sexual  connection 
(of  the  male) ;  (sometimes)  a  bachelor  general- 

ly- 

Anak  terona :  an  unpolluted  youth.  Di- 
mana  banyak  anak  terona,  anak  perawan  pun  ada 
di'Sana  :  wherever  our  youths  may  be  gathered 
together,  there,  too,  our  maidens  will  also  be 
found;  Marsd.  Or.,  211. 

Ay  am  t.:  r  cockerel. 

Muda  t,  :  a  mere  youth ;  a  youth  barely 
arrived  at  maturity ;  a  stripling. 

Banyak  Belanda  matt  dan  /and, 
Di'bimoh  uleh  rmida  terona  : 

many  Dutchmen  died  and  perished,  slain  by 
the  merest  striplings  of  soldiers ;  Sh.  Pr. 
Ach.,  17. 

Terona  is  used  once  of  a  woman,  the  Princess 
Chandra  Kirana  (in  the  Shair  Panji  Samerang) 
who  is  described  as  ptiteri  terona,  but  this 
probably  refers  to  her  disguise  as  a  young 
warrior. 

JbA  J    tSruwilu.     [Port,    coellio.]     Teruwilu   China  : 
^^^      a  rabbit;  Muj.,  50. 


^j' 


tSrai.     A  tree  (unidentified). 


tIiri 


[  165  ] 


ta'Ala 


[Sy  t6ri.  I.  [Skr.  ^n.]  Three.  Betara  teri:  the 
Hindu  Trinity.  Teri-sula:  a  trident;  Ht. 
Koris;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Teri- 
ujong:  id. ;  Cr.  Gr.,  64.  Sen  teri-buwana  :  the 
light  of  the  three  worlds — a  name  taken  by  Sang 
Nila  Utama  after  the  founding  of  Singapore. 

n.     (Johor)=/em,    q.   v.    Chap     di-terikan : 
sealed,  of  the  Sultan's  letters.  Meteri  :  to  seal. 

ni.     (Johor.)     Ikan  teri  :   a  fish  resembling 
the  selangat.     Also  ikan  iiram. 


»jt    teriba.     A  kar  teriba  :  a  medicinal  root,  rhina- 
canthus  communis ;  KL 


v^JL^bJ    tSritip,     A  small  sea-slug  which  eats  into  piles 
and  ships'  bottoms. 

^Jpjp    t§ritek.     I.     A  wood  used  for  making  oars; 
Kl. 

II.'  Continual  dropping;  dripping;  the  fre- 
quentative of  titeky  q.  V. 

X>j:    tSriti.     I.     Eng.     Treaty. 

IL  Continuous  passage  or  traffic  over  a 
narrow  plank  bridge,  or  log;  the  frequenta- 
tive of  titi,  q.  V. 

iijj    tfiripang.      Beche-de-mer,    holothuria    edulis ; 
^*         a  kind  of  sea-worm  much  prized  as  a  delicacy. 
Cf.  gamat  and  labi-labi. 

T,  butoh  keling  and  t,  kolong :  varieties  of 
this  sea-worm. 

Ikan  t. :  a  fish,  sanrus  indiciis. 

IjJ    tSriyak.     A  cry ;  a  shout ;  an  exclamation  in 

a  very  loud  tone  of  voice. 

Berteriyak  :  to  cry ;  to  call  out  to  a  man  at  a 
distance ;  to  shout  out  a  word  of  command. 

Berteriyakkan :  =  berteriyak  akan. 
Sou    t6rigu.     [Port,  trigo.l     Flour,  wheaten  flour. 


^■r 


tSrima.     Reception ;  acceptance ;  receipt  into 
one's  possession. 

r.  kaseh :  the  acknowledgement  of  the  re- 
ceipt of  a  favour;  thank  you;  thanks.  T. 
shtckur :  id. 
Menerima  :  to  receive;  to  obtain  ;  to  acquire 
by  acceptance. 
Penerifuaan  or  peterimaan  :  receipt ;  the  thing 
received ;  the  act  of  reception. 

Terima  is  also  sometimes  used  in  the  sense 
of  contact.     Kaki  sa-belah  ta' -terima  bumi :  one 
foot  does  not  touch  the  ground. 
Bagini   bajn,   bagiiu   baju, 

Baju  sehaya  panjang   lima; 
Bagini  main,    bagitu  malu, 
Apa  datang  sehaya  terima : 
this  means   shame  and  that   means  shame; 
whatever  comes,  it  is  I  who  must  bear  it. 


^j{/    tgriyujong.     A  trident ;  Cr.  Gr.,  64.     V.  t^ri 
^  and  ujong  or  hujong, 

^jU/    tgrihujong.     A  trident ;  also  ^^J  ,  q.  v. 

(j-^    tas.     I.     (Onom.)     A  rusthngsound;  cf.  ^^te. 

II.  A  tree,  kurrimia  panniculata.  The  kayu 
tas  is  believed  by  Malays  to  frighten  away 
tigers. 

^j^    tis.      I.     (Onom.)     A    rustling    sound    rather 
sharper  to  the  ear  than  that  of  tas,  q.  v. 

IL     A  condiment  used  like  belachan. 

III.  Slightly, — when  speaking  of  heat  and 
cold.  Panas  tis  :  a  little  warmth.  Sejok  tis  : 
a  slight  sensation  of  cold.     Cf,  teh. 

jjJ    tUS.     (Onom.)     A  sound  like  that  of  a  small 
pistol  or  revolver  shot  or  of  crackers. 


^$^ 


^wL**.» 


tasblh.  Arab.  A  rosary  ;  a  string  of  prayer- 
beads;  Sh.  Ul.,  11;  Sh.  Lamp.,  23.  Buwah 
t. :  prayer-beads.  Menguchap  t, :  to  utter 
prayers  while  telling  one's  beads;  Ht.  Kai. 
Dam.,  427;  Bust.  Sal. 

Daun  t, :  a  plant ;  canna  indica,  Pijn. 

tasllm.  Arab.  Salvation,  self-abandonment 
to  God,  resting  in  the  peace  of  God.  Maka 
kata  Indera  Jaya:  ya  tuwankti,  cheriterai-lah 
hamba-mu  daripada  taslim  iiu,  Maka  kata 
marika-itu :  hai  insdn  yang  budiman,  adapun 
akan  erti-nya  taslim  itu  menyerahkan  nyawa-nya 
kapada  Allah:  Indrajaya  said:  '*Oh,  my  mas- 
ters, tell  me  about  that  word  taslim,*'  And 
they  (the  angels)  answered  :  **Man  of  wisdom, 
the  meaning  of  taslim  is  the  surrender  of  one's 
life  to  God"  (martyrdom) ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 


JoJtdJ  tashdid.  Arab.  The  diacritical  mark  indi- 
cating that  the  letter  over  which  it  is  placed 
is  doubled. 

^  Jlj    tashrikh.      Arab.       'Ilmu      tashrikh :      the 
^  Science  of  Anatomy. 

.  L>cJl>    tashwish.       Arab.       Confusion ;      Ht.    Kal. 
^^"^         Dam.,  83. 

I>  JuoJ  tasdik.  Arab.  To  receive  or  accept  as  true. 
Tasdt'kkan:  id.,  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  51.  Mentas- 
dtkkan :  id.,  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  10. 


}uj^  tasrif.  Arab.  To  be  at  the  disposal  of. 
Mentasrifkan  :  to  dispose  of ;  Majm.  al-Ahk., 
13. 


A\ji  ta'ala.  Arab.  He  is  lifted  up  on  high;  he 
is  exalted.  Allah  ta'dla:  God  Most  High; 
Ht.  Abd.,  5,  etc. 


ta'bIr 


[     i66    ] 


TfeNQEK 


J"^  ta*btr.  Arab.  Elucidation ;  explanation ; 
interpretation — especially  of  dreams ;  Sh.  Sri 
Bnn.,  24;  Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  113,  114;  Sh.  Tab. 
Mimpi,  6.  Baginda  itu  tahu  akan  ta'btr  mimpi- 
nya :  the  king  knew  the  interpretation  of  nis 
dream  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

ShaHr  ta^bir  mimpi:  the  name  of  a  poem 
published  in  Singapore  dealing  with  the 
meaning  of  dreams. 

Ta^birkan  and  menta'bir-kan :  to  interpret ; 
to  give  the  meaning  of  a  dream ;  Sh.  Tab. 
Mimpi,   I,   6;  Ht.  KaL  Dam.,  327. 

i..^  ta*ajtlb.  Arab.  To  wonder;  Ht.  Abd.,  iig; 
Arabian  Nights,  15. 


J 


Joi 


ck^ 


ta'dar. 

al-Ahk. 


Arab. 
23. 


Difficult,  impossible  ;    Majm. 


ta'ziyah.  Arab.  Lamentation  (for  Ali). 
Memberi  ta'ziyah  :  to  lament  at  a  funeral. 

ta'tlim.  Arab.  To  respect,  to  have  a  high 
regard  for  ( stronger  than  hurmat ) ;  great 
respect;  Arabian  Nights,  5. 

TaHlhnkan  :  to  revere  ;  Sh.  Bid.  (Leyd.),  383. 

ta^aluk.      Arab,       Dependence ;     subjection ; 

Ht.  Abd.,  441. 

Yang  ta'aliik  :  subject  to  ;  in  subjection  to  ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  5. 

Mena^alukkan  :  to  bring  into  subjection ;  to 
conquer  and  annex ;  Sej.  Mai.,  ir,  24;  Ht. 
Ind.  Jaya. 

Pronounced  ta^alok, 

ta'allk.     L     Arab.     To  give  nourishment  to 

animals,  to  feed,  to  fatten ;    Arabian  Nights, 
42.     Ta'altkkan :  id. 

n.  Arab.  To  be  attached  to  (Majm.  al- 
Ahk.,  13 ),  to  be  enamoured  with,  to  be 
**  taken  "  with  ;  to  be  interested  by  a  story 
(Arabian  Nights,  162).  Mena'alikkan :  to 
imagine  ;  Arabian  Nights,  237. 


ta'wlL 

Best. 


Arab.      Resolution,     reliance ;      Ht. 


jj    tang.     I.     (Onom.)     A  clinking  sound  or  ring- 
C-      ing  sound  such  as  that  made  by  the  fall  of  a 

coin   on    the    ground,     Cf.    letang,    keletang, 

lentang  and  kelentang, 

11.  =  tentangf  q.    v.      Tang     mana     (collo- 
quially)   whither;    in    what     direction,    how 

far ;  =  tentang  mana. 

ka  teng.  I.  [Chin,  teng,']  A  Chinese  lantern  ;  a 
V—  paper  lantern.  Satu  jinis  teng yang  buleh  mSm- 
bawa  beberapa  orang  Urbang  ka  udara  :  a  kind 
of  paper  lantern  which  can  lift  several  persons 
to  the  sky — a  Montgolfler  fire  balloon  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  355. 

H.     A  tree  (unidentified). 


is    ting.     (Onom.)     A  chinking  sound  ;  a  ringing 
^     sound  rather  clearer  than  that  expressed  by 
tang,     Cf.  tang,  leting,  ditingy  etc. 

ij    tong.     I.     [Dutch   ton,]     A   tun;   a   wooden 
C     tub;  a  barrel;  Ht.  Abd.,  115. 

n.  (Onom.)  Deep  metallic  resonance,  e.  g,, 
such  as  the  sound  of  a  gong,  Cf.  ketong, 
kentong,  letong,  lentongy  kelentong,  tang,  etc. 


OU5 


> 


^ 


tSngadah.  Upward ;  facing,  pointing  or 
looking  upwards.  Ttmdok  tengadah :  looking 
first  down  and  then  up,  as  a  poet  in  difficulties 
about  a  rhyme,  or  a  writer  in  search  of  a  happy 
turn  of  expression.  Sudah  terantok  beharu 
tengadah  :  to  look  up  after  a  collision  ;  to  close 
the  stable  door  after  the  horse  has  been 
stolen  ;  Prov. 

Mengadah  :  to  turn  up ;  to  lift  up ;  to  give 
an  upward  motion  or  direction  to  anything, 
Maka  Abusamah  mengadah  ka-langit  serta 
kata-nya  :  then  Abusamah  looked  up  to  heaven 
and  said ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam,,  388. 

ting  ting.  I.  Hopping.  Chiyak  tingting : 
the  name  of  a  Malay  tune. 

II.     Taut,  tightly  stretched. 

tongtong.  I.  A  kind  of  hollow  wooden  tube, 
struck  with  a  knocker  and  sounding  a  deep 
note — used  to  give  an  alarm  ;  cf.  tong, 

II.  A  turtle  better  known  as  tuntong,  q.  v. 

III.  Buwah  tongtongan :  a  fruit  (unidentified, 
but  apparently  resembling  that  of  the  berangan 
padi) . 

A  kit  pikir   biiwah   tongtongan, 
Tiyada    ku   tahu   berangan  padi; 

A  kit  pikir   anak  junjongan, 

Tiyada  kii  tahu  anak  anjing  babi : 
I  thought  it  the  tongtongan  fruit  and  it  was 
the  fruit  of  the  berangan  padi  (querent  spiccata); 
— a  proverbial  equivalent  for  the  last  two  lines 
of  the  pantun :  I  thought  him  a  dear  son  of 
mine  and  he  proved  the  son  of  the  vilest 
parents  (dogs  and  pigs). 

tengar.  A  kind  of  tree  (mangrove);  ceriops 
candolleana,  T,  hutan  :  a  tree  with  very  con- 
spicuous fruits,  ternstroemia  penangiana*  T. 
behikar :  a  tree,  elceocarpus  paniculatus. 

The  tengar  tree  is  constantly  mentioned  in 
pantuns,  especially  as  a  rhyme  for  dengar;  Ht. 
P.  J.  P.,  Ht.  Koris.,  etc. 


A    barrack    canteen 


tangsi.      I.      (Riau.) 
barracks  generally. 

II.  [Chin.  thdng'Si,  '*  worm-silk,  "  ]  A 
strong  gut  made  from  the  caterpillar  (called 
png-thdng  in  Chinese)  and  used  for  fastening 
the  fish-hook  to  the  line.     Tali  tangsi  :  id. 

t§ngsi.     [Chin.  thng'Si,]     A  soup  spoon. 

tgngek.     Rancid,  of  oil. 


TfiNGKADA 


[    167    ] 


TONGKES 


:^^ 


^J^ 


4j[OviJ 


izSJi 


tSngkada,  I.  A  kind  of  worm  or  caterpillar, 
which  hangs  from  the  roof  suspended  by  a 
thread,  like  a  spider. 

tSngkarap.  Deposed,  of  a  prince,  Kl. ;  (Riau, 
Johor)  bengkarap,  (Eng.  bankrupt), 

tfingkalang.  A  small  rice-store  or  granary 
on  posts,  Kl. 

tgngkalong.  I.  A  variant  of  the  word 
tenggalojig,  q.  v.  ;  a  species  of  nmsang  or 
civet-cat;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  12. 

II.     To  hurl  a  heavy  mass  with  violence. 

tfingkalak.  I.  A  pyramidal  fish-trap,  nar- 
rower but  longer  than  the  lukah, 

IL     (Johor.)     Abandoned,    left    unfinished 
{of  work) ;  =  bengkalat,  q.  v. 

tSngkalok.     Unripe  but  edible,  of  fruit. 

tengkawang.    A  tree  yielding  ininyak  kawang; 
diplocnemia  sebifera,  Pierre.    It  is  a  Borneo  tree. 

Also  sengkawang. 

tengkayong.  (  Kedah. )  A  tree  ( unidenti- 
fied).    Also  (Riau,  Johor)  i^^igg^yong. 


tingkat.  A  level  deck  or  flooring;  floors 
taken  as  a  measure  of  the  height  of  a  house, 
or  decks  as  a  measure  of  the  size  of  a  ship ;  a 
**  standard  "  at  a  school.  Tingkat  peradtiw an  : 
the  raised  boarding  on  which  a  Malay  sleep- 
ing-mat is  laid;  Ht.  Koris.  Sampai-lahkapada 
tingkat  yang  ketujoh :  he  reached  the  seventh 
storey ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Kapal  tiga  tingkat  : 
a  three-decker ;  Kl.  Bertingkat-tingkat : 
(built)  in  storeys  or  in  several  rows  one  above 
the  other  as  the  parts  of  a  dovecote  are  built ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  14. 


tongkat.  Propping;  supporting;  sustaining; 
a  prop ;  a  crutch ;  a  walking-stick.  Yang 
tempang  bertongkat,  yang  bnta  berpimpin :  the 
halt  propped  on  crutches,  the  blind  led  by  the 
hand.  Saperti  orang  buta  kehilangan  tongkat : 
like  a  Wind  man  who  has  lost  his  stick,  r.  e., 
in    difficulties.     Prov, 

T.  baginda :  a  shrub,  eurycoma  latifolia. 

T.  ketiyak  :  a  crutch. 

T.  lutut :  the  attitude  of  a  man  stooping  and 
resting  his  hands  on  his  knees. 

T, 'tongkat  kajang :  the  wooden  supports 
which  raise  the  kajang  awning  in  a  boat  to 
the  required  height. 

Pokok  t.  ali  :  a  tree,  grewia  umbellata, 

Rumput  t.  ali :  a  grass,  panicnm  sarmentosum. 

Bertongkatkan :  to  rest  on,  to  be  supported 
by ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 


> 


Ss£ 


yjii 


J" 


Si3 


^jSJc 


Menongkat :  to  sustain,  prop,  support.  Bi- 
bir-nya  yang  di-atas  menongkat  hidong-nya:  his 
upper  lip  supported  his  nose;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 

89. 

Tongkat  is  used  of  a  prop  from  underneath, 
as  distinct  from  a  buttress  ;  cf.  sokong,  sagang, 
etc. 

tangkir,     L     A  cup;  also  changkir,  q.  v, 

II.  To  sew  a  piece  of  cloth  on  another;  to 
sew  a  patch  on. 

tengkar.  Altercation ;  quarrelling.  Berteng- 
kar :  to  have  a  dispute;  Ht.  Raj.  SuL,  12. 

Tengkari :  to  stir  up  to  a  dispute  ;  to  excite 
to  anger ;  Sh,  Kumb.  Chumb.,  19. 

Pertengkaran :  an  altercation,  a  dispute. 

tingkir.  Squatting,  perched  ( of  a  bird  ) ;  = 
tengger,  q.  v, 

tangkas.  Agility ;  nimbleness ;  swiftness  of 
movement.  Kuda  yang  antat  tangkas :  a  swift 
steed;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  9.  Sa-ekor  binatang 
mahatangkas  laku-nya :  an  animal  seemingly 
very  swift  in  its  movements;  Sej.  Mai.,  47. 
Sa-orang  tnunteri  yang  tangkas  berjalan  dan  yang 
pantas  belayar  :  a  minister  who  pressed  on  by 
land  and  hurried  on  by  sea;    Ht,  Jay.  Lengg. 


U^ 


tangkis.  Parrying;  warding  off  a  blow  by 
interposing  a  weapon.  Tiyada  dapat  di-tang- 
kis-nya :  he  could  not  manage  to  parry  it  (the 
blow) ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Menangkis  :  to  guard  ;  to  parry ;  to  stand  on 
the  defensive  when  fencing.  Maka  Sang  Bayu 
Nafiri  jangankan  menangkis  berubah  pirn  tiyada 
daripada  tempat  dudok-nya :  Sang  Bayu  Nafiri, 
so  far  from  guarding,  actually  did  not  even 
stir  from  the  position  which  he  had  taken  up; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Tangkiskan :  to  get  (a  blow)  parried ;  to 
guard  against  a  blow  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya ;  Ht.  Sg, 
Samb.  Menangkiskan :  id. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  Sh.  Abd. 
Mk.,  64,  etc. 

Bertangkis'tangkisan  :  fencing ;  guarding  (of 
more  than  one  combatant) ;  Ht,  Sg.  Samb. 

y^Ji    tengkis.       Unequal    in    size    to    its    fellow; 
^'^  shrunken  ;  insufficiently  developed,  of  a  leg. 

«$s5    tingkas.     Nasi  tingkas :   a  dish  of  white  rice 
^^  surrounded  by  coloured  rice. 


KL 


.  j*Sv£    tingkis,     I.     An  edible  saltwater  fish, 

II.     Sad,  sorrowful.      Tingkis  hati :   id.,  Ht. 
Pg.  Ptg. 

X^    tongkes.     A  tree  used  for  firewood ;  J.S.A.S., 
^^         VOL,  131. 


TONGKIS 


[     i68    ] 


TUNGKAK 


^ 
j^ 


^ 


^ 

jS^ 


tongkis.  (Johor.)  A  kind  of  two-handled 
basket  used  for  carrying  rubbish ;  =  pongkis 
(Riau). 

tungkns.  I.  Fallen  deep  into  anything; 
embedded  in  anything,  as  a  man  who  has  fallen 
into  deep  mud ;  also,  by  metaphor,  of  a  person 
**  over  head  and  ears"  in  work.  Tungkus  hi- 
must    id.,  ( intensitive ) ;    Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  7. 

In  Kedah  tongkos  lomos  and  tongkas  lomos, 

11.     A  kind  of  cake,  Kl.  (t^pong  bungktis?) 

tSngkang.     The  space  between  the  eyes. 

tSngkmg  or  tSngkeng.  An  angry  tone  of 
voice ;  snarling.  Menengking :  to  speak  in  an 
angry  tone  of  voice;  Ht.  Abd,,  24,  329.  In 
Kedah :  tongkcng, 

tongkang.  I.  A  kind  of  lighter  or 
cargo 'boat ;  Ht.  Abd.,  284;  Sej,  Mai.,  54. 

r.  belat :  the  large  boat  used  by  the  construc- 
tors of  fishing-stakes  for  driving  in  the  piles 
(turns)  of  a  fish-trap. 

11.  &mas  tongkang:  a  mixture  of  gold  and 
copper. 

tongkeng.  I.  The  rump.  Tidang  t. :  the 
lower  extremity  of  the  backbone. 

II.  Tonkin.  Bunga  t.  :  a  climbing  plant ; 
the  Tonkin  creeper,  pergularia  minor.  Also 
known  as  btmga  siyam. 

Main  t, :  a  card-game. 

III.  (Kedah.)    Altercation ;  =  tengkeng ;  q.  v. 

tongkong.  A  rectangular  lump  of  wood  cut 
off  from  the  main  block  in  carpentering ;  cf. 
tongkoL 

tangkap.  Seizure  ;  capture  ;  arrest ;  getting 
possession  of;  gripping;  clasping  in  the  closed 
hand. 

Tangkapan:  toils;  captivity;  arrest.  Saperti 
harimati  lepas  tangkapan  :  like  a  tiger  escaped 
from  the  toils, — a  simile  for  a  fierce  and 
eager  warrior;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Abd.  Mk. 
Tangkapkan  and  menangkapkan :  to  effect  the 
capture  of  anything. 

Menangkap  :  to  seize  ;  to  grip ;  to  capture. 

Tertangkap :  captured. 

Sa-penangkap :  a  measure  of  length ;  a  cubit 
(hesta)  less  the  difference  in  length  between 
the  open  outstretched  hand  and  the  closed  fist. 

tangkup.  Capture  in  the  mouth  or  in  a  hol- 
low between  the  hands  ;  capture  by  dropping 
the  hand  on  any  flat  surface — as  a  fly  may 
sometimes  be  caught  on  a  table ;  closure  or 
confinement  under  a  cover. 

T.  belakang :  a  portion  of  the  planking  in  a 
boat,  the  plank  to  which  the  rudder  is  attached. 


v_i^ 


uJS^S 


jSSs 


jSi 


J^ 


r.  haluwan :  the  prow-piece  of  a  boat,  the 
plank  running  up  the  stem. 

Blrtangkup  :  to  close,  to  fold  up — of  one  flat 
object  falling  on  another.  Tangan  bMangkup  : 
a  malformation  in  the  hand  caused  by  the 
existence  on  it  of  two  thumbs  adhering  to  each 
other,  giving  it  the  appearance  of  a  folded  pair 
of  hands. 

tingkap.  The  long  low  horizontal  barred 
window  usual  in  Malay  houses  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  81 ; 
Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  2  ;  Sh.  Bah.  Sing.,  4. 

r.  ibu  rumah  :  a  long  side  window. 

r.  niagon :  a  lofty  ventilating  air-passage  or 
window  in  a  royal  dwelling  or  house  of  some 
pretensions. 

T,  panjang :  the  long  window  on  the  front 
verandah  (serambi  jatoh)  of  a  Malay  house;  Sh. 
Ul.,  28. 

r.  penanggah  :  the  window  of  the  kitchen  in 
a  large  house. 

T,  plrangin  :  a  lofty  window  (for  ventilation 
only)  in  any  house,  near  the  ridge-pole. 

r.  tela :  the  window  of  the  tela,  q.  v. 

tungkap.  I.  Tongue-tied,  dumbfoundered 
— as  a  man  whose  nerve  abandons  him  when 
about  to  speak;  silent  through  nervousness, 
as  a  false  witness  who  is  afraid  to  utter  his 
prepared  story  and  does  not  know  what 
else  to  say ;  moving  the  lips  but  uttering  no 
sound,  as  a  camel ;  gasping,  as  a  fish  out  of 
water.     Cf.  nngkap, 

II.     A  peep-hole. 

tengkok.     The  neck ;  the  back  of  the  neck, 

Tertanam  hingga  tengkok  :  buried  neck-deep  ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

A  lor  t, :  (Riau,  Johor)  the  hollow  at  the  back 
of  the  neck  ;  also  (Kedah)  lobang  t, 

Mata  punai  tengkok  :  the  part  of  the  neck  just 
under  the  hair. 

T.  bewak  :  a  creeper,  fagrcea  racemosa, 

r.  bewak  hitam  :  a  climbing  fig,  ficus  auran- 
tiaca, 

tengkok.     A  peculiar  way  of  notching  a  tree 

(previous  to  felling)  so  as  to  determine  the  way 
it  will  fall ;  cutting  two  notches  on  opposite 
sides,  one  of  these  cuttings  penetrating  direct- 
ly towards  the  heart  of  the  tree,  the  other  and 
higher  one  sloping  downwards  so  that  the 
two  lines  of  penetration  may  meet  at  one 
point.  Menengkok  :  to  fell  a  tree  in  this  way  ; 
to  cut  the  higher  of  these  notches. 

toixgkok.     Penongkok :    (Kedah)    a   moveable 

fastening  or  ferrule  (temin)  on  a  keris  sheath, 
knife,  or  spear. 


1SJ5    tungkak.     Jav.     The  heel  ;=ztmnit. 


TANGKAL 


[    169    ] 


TONGKAH 


ASili  tangkal.  Protective,  of  a  spell  or  charm  ;  a 
protective  charm.  *  Aztmat  tangkal :  a  protec- 
tive talisman  of  any  sort ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  27. 
'Aztmat  tangkal  sawan  kanak-kanak  :  a  talis- 
man against  convulsions;  Muj.,  75. 

^y^>^  tangkil.  The  adaptation  of  two  surfaces  to 
one  another ;  to  put  one  surface  on  another 
with  a  view  to  their  being  united,  e,  g,,  as  a 
stamp-collector  arranges  a  stamp  on  its  allot- 
ted space.  If  the  two  surfaces  are  of  equal 
size,  the  word  used  is  tengkel. 

Also  sangkil. 


j^ 


tangkul.  A  large  net  spread  horizontally  on 
the  bottom  and  raised  by  a  winch  so  as  to 
catch  fish  that  may  be  passing  over  it. 

VXiS  tengkel.  L  The  superposition  of  an  equal 
surface  on  another,  as  when  a  stamp  is  gum- 
med on  the  space  allotted  to  it ;  v,  tangktl, 

A  small  round  projectile ;  a  slug. 


II. 


jsi 


^ 


C^ 


tingkal.     [Skr.  tangka.']      Borax,  solder. 


tingkil.  I.  (Kedah.)  A  bunch,  a  cluster, 
the  point  round  which  a  cluster  of  fruit  is 
concentrated. 

Biiwah   kehibi,   asam  pay  a, 

Kalau   berbuwah   bertingkil-tingkil ; 

Orang  ta'-sudi,   apa-kan   daya  ? 
Jangan   di-buwat  inuka  gedubil : 

the  kehibi  and  asam  pay  a  (plants),  when  they 
bear  fruit,  bear  fruit  in  clusters. 

II.     A  grudge ;  ill-feeling,    anger,  hostility. 
Bertingkil  hati  :  to  harbour  resentment. 


tongkol.  A  round  or  knob-like  (as  distinct 
from  a  rectangular )  lump  of  wood  hewn  off 
the  main  block  in  carpentering;  a  mass  or 
lump  of  any  material. 

Emas  t, :  nugget  gold  ;  gold  in  nuggets. 

Ikan  t. :  a  fish  (unidentified);  Sh.  Ik.  Trub., 
18 ;  Kam.  Kech.,  6. 

Sampan  t, :  a  short  beamy  Chinese  sampan. 

Cf.  rongkolj  which  is  applied  to  a  composite 
mass  or  bundle  of  separate  articles,  while  tong- 
kol refers  to  a  homogeneous  and  united  mass. 

tSngkam.     I.     A  weight  ;=6  kupang.    Kl. 

11.  (Johor. )  The  loops  attaching  at  short 
intervals  a  cord  to  a  sail  when  that  cord  is 
used  as  a  trimming  to  the  sail. 

Also  chengkam, 

tongkan.  (Singapore.)  A  movable  hatch 
in  the  bows  of  a  Malay  boat ;  ==  ( Kedah ) 
tangktip  hahiwan. 


SsQ 


tSngku.  Prince  ;  a  title  given  ( at  Riau)  only 
to  persons  of  full  royal  rank,  both  on  the 
father^s  and  mother^s  side;  cf.  engku,  raja 
and  nong, 

Tengku  besar,  and  t.  mtida :  titles  sometimes 
given  to  the  heir  apparent. 

SJi  tungku.  Three  stones  supplying  a  sort  of  rest 
for  a  saucepan  ;  hearth -stones  in  native 
methods  of  cookery. 

^;yv.£  tSngkorak.  The  skull ;  the  cranium;  a  skull; 
Ht.  Hamz.,  17.  Ada4ah  bei'giilingan  beratus- 
ratus  fengkorak  manusiya :  there  were  hundreds 
of  human  skulls  rolling  about;  Ht.  Abd.,  204. 

Ringgit  t. :  (Riau)  the  2J  guilder  piece ;  also 
(Singapore)  ringgit  kepala. 

^J>^    tengkolok.     A  peculiar  form  of  head-dress; 

a  kerchief  fastened  in  a  certain  way  upon  the 
head;  ahead  wrapper;  Muj.,  38;  Sej.  Mai., 
97;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  ^y, 

•JAia    tengkulun.     A  tree  with  edible  fruit  (uniden- 
^  tified). 

joS&    tengkuyong.    I.    A  shell,  cypraa,  sp. 
II.     Sago-bark. 

^S  tengkoh.  [Chin.  ?]  A  form  of  prepared 
opium  ;  opium  dross  prepared  for  re-smoking. 


tingkah.  Modes  ;  tones  in  music  ;  conduct ; 
manner ;  behaviour. 

T.  lakti :  general  behaviour ;  conduct.  T. 
laku-nya  saperti  orang  China:  his  ways  were 
those  of  a  Chinaman.  Di-palti-nya  bertingkah- 
kan  ragam  manusiya :  he  struck  up  a  tune  in 
the  style  of  earthly  music;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  112. 

tongkah.  I.  Passage  over  mud  or  over 
swampy  ground  by  using  planks  or  by  any 
similar  means,  Papa7t  tongkah :  the  name 
given  to  a  peculiar  sledge-like  arrangement 
or  plank  with  which  a  shell -gatherer  makes 
his  way  over  a  mud-flat. 

Menongkah :  to  make  one's  way  over  muddy 
ground  by  stepping  on  planks,  palm-branches, 
etc.,  laid  down  as  a  path. 

II.  The  lengthening  of  a  garment  by  sew- 
ing on  an  additional  piece,  at  the  top.  Salu- 
war  di-tongkah :  trowsers  to  which  a  piece  has 
been  added  at  the  top  causing  them  to  reach 
well  up  the  body.  Laksana  kain  sa-lerang, 
snkat  di-tongkah  beharu  di-pakai :  like  a  single 
piece  of  cloth  which  can  only  be  used  if  a 
second  is  added  to  it ;  incomplete ;  v.  lerang, 

III.  (Singapore.)  Argument;  obstinate 
denial ;  cantankerousness. 

IV.  The  Chinese  name  of  the  principal 
town  in  the  island  of  Junk  Ceylon,  the  centre 
of  a  great  tin-mining  industry.  Relau  tong- 
kah :  a  furnace  for  tin-smelting. 


^ 


TANGKAI 


[    170    ] 


TINGQONG 


S^ 


wi^ 


J& 


tangkai.  The  stem  of  a  flower  or  fruit ;  the 
haulm  or  stalk.  T,  hati :  stalk  of  the  heart ;  a 
term  of  endearment ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  13; 
also  (in  its  literal  sense)  the  connection  of  the 
heart  with  the  arterial  system ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 
In  the  case  of  composite  flowers,  tangkai  is 
used  of  the  stalk  at  the  base  of  each  portion, 
and  kaki  of  the  stalk  on  which  all  rest.  Tiga 
tangkai  sa-kaki :  three  on  a  stalk;  Ht.  Jay. 
Lengg. 

tangM.     Eng.     The  water  tanks  on  a  ship. 

Also  tanggi, 

tSngkerong.  A  fish  (unidentified).  Also 
known  as  kerong-kerong. 

tSngkelang.  (Johor.)  A  mill-wheel;  a  mill; 
usually  kelang,  q,  v. 

tangga.  A  ladder ;  a  staircase.  Tolak  tangga 
berayun  kaki:  to  push  away  the  ladder  (by 
which  one  has  risen)  and  to  be  left  with  one's 
feet  dangling  in  the  air ;  to  fall  between  two 
stools;  Prov. 

T.  pengait :  a  light  portable  ladder  used  for 
tree  climbing. 

r.  sigai :  a  bamboo  ladder  used  for  climbing 
very  lofty  trees. 

T,  sulor  batang  :  a  kind  of  ladder  permanently 
attached  to  a  tree. 

Anak  t, :  a  step,  a  rung  of  the  ladder.  Tiga 
mata  anak  t, :  three  rungs  of  the  ladder;  Sej. 
Mai.,  141.     Cf.  also  Ht.  Bakht.,  49. 

Retak  tangga  mas :  the  lines  running  across 
the  fingers  at  the  joints. 

Rumah  t. :  a  homestead  ;  a  home  ;  Ht.  Abd., 
216, 

BBrtangga-tangga :  at  fifth  or  sixth  hand ; 
passing  from  one  individual  to  another  through 
a  whole  chain  of  intermediate  owners. 

tSnggara.     South-East ;  the  South-East. 
Angin  t. :  a  S.  E.  wind.     T.  mandi :  a  strong 
wind  from  the  S,   E. ;    Ht.   Abd.,  126;  Pel. 
Abd.,  115.     r.  tSpat:  exactly  S.  E. 

Timor  minenggara :  E.  S.  E.  Selatan  meneng- 
gara:  S.  S.  E. ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 


,j^jiSJ5    tSnggarun.     A  silk  kain  Upas.     Also  tekarun 


j& 


and  i^garun 

tSnggala.     [Skr.  langgdla.]     A  plough. 

Toleh  t, :  the  forenoon ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama  (Maxw.), 
14.  Toleh  t,  nmda :  8  or  9  a.m.  Toleh  tenggala 
tuha:  10  or  11  a.m. 

MMinggala :  to  plough;  Ht.  Jah.,  5. 


-"  tSnggalong.  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  kind  of  civet- 
cat;  viverra  tangalunga;  also  (Kedah)  ting- 
halong  and  musang  tinggalong, 

Pagar  tinggalong:  the  rail  round  the  stern 
gallery  (dandan,  q.  v.)  of  a  ship. 


\^ 


ci 


Cr.^ 


c5s£ 


C^SiS 


Jk 

^J& 


^ 


tgnggayong.     (Riau,  Johor.) 
identified) ;  see  tengkayong. 


A   tree   (un- 


tSnggajnin.  A  tree  (unidentified),  KL;  also 
(Riau,  Johor)  tenggayong  and  (Kedah)  iHg- 
kayong. 

t6nggat.     I.     To  hinder;  to  obstruct;  Kl. 

n.     Limit.     Dari  tenggat  ini  ka  tenggat  itu  : 
from  this  Hmit  to  that.     Also  singgat, 

Cf.  hingga. 

tonggit  or  tunggit.  Moving  the  posterior 
parts  backwards,  thrusting  them  out;  the 
motion  of  thrusting  them  out — as  distinct 
from  their  being  merely  prominent  (tonggek^ 
q.  v.). 

Tonggang  t. :  v.  tonggang. 

tanggar.  Undertaking  (a  duty)  successfully; 
putting  it  through  ;  managing  it.  Buleh  tang- 
gar atau  tidak  :  can  you  manage  this  or  not  ? 

tengger.  Squatting ;  sitting  with  bent  lower 
limbs  on  a  confined  spot,  like  a  bird  on  a  twig. 
Bertengger :  to  be  squatted;  to  squat,  like  a 
frog  upon  a  pillow  (Ht.  Ind.  Jaya) ;  or  like  a 
monkey  on  its  bearer's  shoulders  (Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya) ;  to  be  perched,  as  a  bird  on  the  roof- 
tree  of  a  palace  (Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  294). 


tanggang. 

porting;  = 


Propping   up, 
sagang,  q.  v. 


buttressing,    sup- 


taixggong.  Supporting  on  the  shoulders, 
bearing  up  a  heavy  weight  by  supporting  it 
from  below;  bearing  up  under  difficulty  or 
calamity. 

Tanggongan :  a  burden ;  a  weight ;  the  thing 
supported. 

Tanggongkan  and  menanggongkan :  to  hold 
a  thing  up ;  to  support  a  burden.  Menang- 
gong :  id.  Menanggong  kemaluwan :  to  reach 
the  age  of  knowledge  (of  a  girl) ;  Ht.  Best. 

Tertanggong :  borne ;  supported  ;  Sh.  Pant. 
Shi.,  4. 

tenggang.  I.  Equally  divided,  of  a  burden  ; 
share  and  share  alike. 

II.  Tenggang'tanggoh :  limited  in  time;  a 
time  limit  for  the  performance  of  any  work. 

tingging.     A  fish  (unidentified). 

tinggong.  Squatted;  a  squatting  attitude, 
sitting  on  one's  heels.  Tertinggong  sapMi 
kodok  dalam  lobang :  squatting  like  a  toad  in 
a  hole.  Tinggong  is  not  used  of  birds  sitting 
on  a  branch,  but  is  confined  to  squatting  on 
a  flat  surface  without  any  lack  of  room. 

Anjing  bMinggong :  the  name  given  to  a 
peculiar  form  of  fish-hook,  the  shaft  of  which 
is  very  straight  at  first  and  turns  away  at  the 
base  at  a  very  sharp  angle  instead  of  by  a 
gradual  curve. 


TONGGANO 


[    171    ] 


TANGGOL 


^ 


^ 


tonggang  or  tunggang.  I.  Riding.  Me- 
nonggang:  (transitive)  to  ride ;  Ht.  Ind,  Nata. 
Tonggangi :  to  ride  (intransitive) ;  Sh.  IbL,  4. 

Tonggang  is  used  by  metaphor  of  the  sun 
topping  the  mountains ;  Ht.  Sh. 

II.  Upside  down;  turned  upside  down ; 
turning  upside  down. 

T.  balek :  upside  down ;  standing  on  its 
head. 

T.  langgang :  sprawling  head  over  heels. 

T,  tonggit :  bowing  in  front  and  sticking  out 
behind,  as  a  man  bowing  in  prayer. 

Cf.  also  tuwang,  for  which  tonggang  is  some- 
times used.  Tonggang  arak  ;  the  pouring  out 
of  spirit,  the  bottle  having  to  be  turned  down 
for  the  purpose. 

Orang  lemas   baik   di-tonggang, 
Ayer   kaluwar  ikut  mulut  : 

when  a  man  is  half  drowned,  hold  him  up 
by  the  heels  and  the  water  will  run  out  of  his 
mouth. 


tonggeng  or  tnngging.  I.  Lifting  the 
posterior,  raising  the  posterior,  as  in  leap-frog. 
T.  buyo7ig :  turning  the  posterior  towards  one 
side  or  the  other ;  cf.  tonggeng  and  tenggeL 

II.     The  fourth   day  hence;  the   day   after 
that  known  as  ttdat. 


TuJi    tonggong.     Heaped  up,  distribution  in  heaps  ; 
^  more  usually   tonggok,  q.  v. 


jSJ5 


'"  tanggak.  Bertanggak-tanggak :  being  con- 
tinually put  off,  of  a  work;  subject  to  con- 
tinual interruptions.     Also  bertagak-tagak, 

^3^*^  tanggok.  A  dome-shaped  rattan  basket  used 
as  a  trap  for  small  fish  and  shrimps  ;  a  shrimp- 
trap  shaped  something  like  a  hen-coop. 
Saperti  hudang  dalam  tanggok  :  like  prawns  in 
a  trap ;  in  difficulties  ;  Prov.,  J.S.A.S,,  XXIV., 
94.  Hendak  bertanggok  kapada  ikan,  sndah 
tertanggok  kapada  batang :  to  put  the  trap  down 
on  a  fish  and  to  find  oneself  catching  a  tree 
trunk  ;  to  be  sold  ;  Prov. 

7\  ayer  :  a  curious  kind  of  water-wheel  used 
in  irrigating  padi-Helds. 

Menanggok:  to  catch  fish  or  prawns  by 
means  of  the  tanggok. 

^SJS  tSnggak.  (Kedah.)  Certain,  sure,  definite; 
=:.tetap, 

,3^    tSnggek.     I.     Tossing  rice  on  a  badang  or  on 
the  hand. 

II.  To  shake  the  posterior;  to  move  the 
buttocks  from'  side  to  side ;  cf,  tonggit  and 
tonggeng. 


J^ 


jMi 


3X5 


^ 


j^ 


tenggek,     I.     Squatting;  perched;  sitting  as 

a  bird  on  a  tree  or  as  an  ape  on  a  branch ;  = 
tengger,  q.  v.  Bertenggek :  to  be  perched,  as 
a  bird;  Ht.  Ind,  Meng.;  Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.  Berdiri  kaki  tunggal  bertenggek  kapada 
tangkai  bunga  chempaka  itu :  standing  on  one 
foot  and  resting  that  foot  on  the  stalk  of  a 
chempaka  Rower ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Sa-ekor  gajah 
bertenggek  di-atas  hidong-nya  tiyada  di-sedar- 
nya:  they  ignore  an  elephant's  perching  on 
their  noses ;  swallowing  a  camel  after  strain- 
ing at  a  gnat ;  Pel.  Abd.,  106. 

II.  Wearing  the  head-dress  at  a  rakish 
slant.  Hang  ta'-korang  sanggul,  aku  ta'-korang 
tenggek :  you  don't  spare  your  hair-dressing 
and  I  do  not  spare  my  head-dress ;  six  of  one 
and  half-a-dozen  of  the  other ;  Prov. 


tonggak.     I.     A  hidden  snag. 

1 1 .      Menonggak :    to    sweep    powdery    sub- 
stances into  the  mouth  with  the  hand. 

in.     Roots  such  as  those  of  the  banyan  tree. 


tonggek.  I.  Prominence  or  natural  projec- 
tion of  the  posterior  parts,  as  distinct  from 
the  act  or  motion  of  their  projection ;  cf. 
tonggit,  q.  v. 

II.  Turned  upside  down ;  hanging  head- 
downwards  ;  Arabian  Nights,  489.  Tonggek- 
kan :  to  turn  upside  down ;  Arabian  Nights, 
105. 


."»)    tonggok.     Distribution  in  heaps,  e.  g,,  as  road 

metal  is  stored  on  a  road.  Sa-tonggok:  a  pile; 
a  small  mound  or  heap,  rather  more  than 
sa4ornpok,  q.  v. 


tanggal.  Loosening;  spontaneous  (or  appa- 
rently spontaneous)  severance  or  fall,  as  the 
fall  of  leaves  on  the  approach  of  winter,  or  the 
loss  of  teeth  with  advancing  age.  Orang  tuwa 
yang  sudak  tanggal  gigi-nya  :  an  old  man  whose 
teeth  had  fallen  out ;  Sej.  Mai.,  19.  Kulit 
tilar  yang  sudah  tanggal  daripada-nya  itu :  the 
skin  cast  by  a  snake ;  Hay.  Haiw. 

Tanggalkan :  to  remove,  to  take  off. 
Menanggalkan  :  id.  Tanggalkan  pakaiyan,  or 
menanggalkan  pakaiyan :  to  take  off  one*s 
clothing;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw. ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  40. 

Penanggalan:  (Riau,  Johor)  an  evil  spirit; 
a  flying  head  with  entrails  hanging  from  it. 
This  evil  spirit  is  said  to  be  of  the  male  sex 
and  to  be  created  by  the  art  of  the  magician 
only.     In  Kedah,  t^nggelong. 


tanggol.  Bobbing  up  and  down,  as  the  bows 
of  a  boat  in  choppy  weather,  or  as  a  man 
climbing  a  hill ;  cf.  mggoL 


TINOGAL 


[    172    ] 


t£noo£lam 


J^ 


tinggal.  Remaining  over;  remaining  behind; 
remaining  or  surviving  when  other  persons  or 
things  have  gone;  left  behind;  abandoned; 
continuous  residence.  Paderi  itu  tinggal  sa- 
orang  tiyada  berkawan :  the  missionary  was 
left  alone  without  a  companion;  Ht.  Abd., 
319.  Banyak  yang  matt  sadikit  yang  tinggal : 
many  died,  few  only  survived ;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach., 
21.  Biyasa  tinggal  di-atas  pohtm  kayti :  accus- 
tomed to  living  on  trees;  Ht.  Abd,,  388. 

Tinggal  nadi :  with  one's  pulse  only  left ; 
stripped  of  all  except  life;  Prov.  Tinggal 
kelopak  salak :  with  the  sheath  of  the  salak 
fruit  only  left;  left  with  nothing  but  the 
clothing  one  is  wearing ;  Prov. 

Tinggali  :  to  leave  behind ;  to  abandon;  Sh. 
Bid.,  48;  Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  5,  12,  55.  Tinggalkan: 
id.;  Sej.  Mai.,  9;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  30;  Ht. 
Abd.,  43,  118,  225,  386,  etc.  Meninggalkan  : 
id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  67,  116,  292,  359,  etc. 

Ketinggalan :  severance  by  absence ;  aban- 
donment; Sh.  Lamp.,  43. 

Peninggal  and  peninggalan :  the  act  of  leav- 
ing ;  abandonment.  Dalam  peninggal :  in  the 
absence  of;  Ht.  Bakht.,  66.  Sa-peninggal  : 
id,;  Ht.  Abd.,  103,  191,  etc.  Sa-peninggalan : 
id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  287. 

Tertinggal :  left  behind;  abandoned;  Ht. 
Abd.,  182.     Tertinggali:  id.;  Sh.  Bid.,  78. 


tinggil.     Jav.     A  gallery,   a  sort  of  balcony. 
Peninggil :  id. ;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed. 


tunggal.  Unity  ;  sole  ;  single  ;  unique  ;  soli- 
tary;  the  one.  Anak  t, :  an  only  child.  Babi 
t. :  a  solitary  boar ;  Ht.  Sg,  Samb.  Gajah  t.  : 
a  rogue  elephant. 

Bersauh  t. :  moored  on  one  cable  only ;  Sh. 
Bur.  Nuri,  40. 

Berdiri  kaki  t,  :  standing  on  one  leg ;  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub. 

Sangyang  t. :  the  one  and  only  God ;  the 
Supreme  Divine  Essence;  an  equivalent  for 
Allah  in  Javanese  attempts  to  reconcile 
Muhammadan  and  Hindu  religious  ideas ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb. 

Besi  t, :  a  kind  of  iron  endowed  with  unique 
qualities.  Shaitdn  Si-Itam  Ttmggal :  the  name 
of  an  evil  spirit.  Hikmat  Siyamang  Ttmggal  : 
the  name  of  a  wonder-working  charm. 

Pa'tunggal :  an  only  uncle.  MaHunggal :  an 
only  aunt. 

Berjalan  tunggal -tnnggal :  to  travel  in  single 
file;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 


j^ 


~*    tunggil.     Tunggil'langgang :    (Kedah)  sprawl- 
ing head  over  heels ;  also  tonggang  langgang. 


j^ 


tunggul.  1.  A  stump  of  a  tree ;  the  part  left 
standing  after  the  trunk  has  been  sawn 
through  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  27 ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ; 
Ht.  Best.  Ttmggid  terbakar  di4ingah  huma  : 
a  black  tree  stump  in  a  field  of  standing  ^ai^  ; 
a  black  man  in  gorgeous  garments,  Prov. 
Tunggul  kayu  kalan  tar  ah  pelinchin  di-elok  juga, 
jangankan  mamisiya  :  even  a  tree  stump  can 
be  beautified  if  you  plane  and  smooth  it ;  how 
much  more  then  can  a  man  be  beautified  (by 
apparel) ;  Prov. 

Ttmggul'tnnggul  or  (colloquially)  tetunggul : 
an  upstanding  stump  of  a  rainbow,  deemed  by 
Malays  to  be  portentous  of  evil;  Ht.  Nakh. 
Muda,  II ;  Sh.  Si  Lemb.,  38. 

Ttinggul'ttmggul  angin :  a  weathercock  or  vane. 

Ttmggid  is  also  used  as  a  numeral  coefficient 
for  boat-planks,  and  for  standards,  and  (by 
extension)  means  a  standard,  flag,  or  banner, 
r.  panji-panji :  the  flags  and  pennons  of  an 
army  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  17  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya,  etc.  T, 
berttdis  si-raja  wali :  a  banner  bearing  the 
image  of  a  falcon  on  it ;  Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  14. 

III.  Pemmggid :  a  massive  but  movable 
block  of  wood  to  which  elephants  and  buffa- 
loes are  sometimes  tethered  to  interfere  with 
the  rapidity  of  their  movements  and  so  prevent 
their  escaping.  Denak  penunggtd :  a  decoy 
bird  attached  to  anything  with  a  string. 

IV.  The  making  of  an  indemnity  or  propi- 
tiatory offering  by  the  vanquished  to  the 
victor.     Pemmggid  :  a  propitiatory  offering. 

Kalau   tidak  penunggtd   di-beri-nya, 
Langgardah  negeri  bongkar  kota-nya  : 

if  he  gives  no  propitiatory  offering,  attack  his 
city  and  overthrow  his  citadel ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 
Maka  Betara  Indera  memberi  penunggtd  Nila 
Utama  dan  Sakarba  dengan  sa-pidoh  orang  bida- 
dari  :  Indra  gave  as  a  peace  offering  (to  Boma) 
Nila  Utama  and  Sakarba  with  ten  other 
nymphs  of  heaven  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Memmggid :  to  give  such  an  offering ;  Ht.  Sh. ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub.;  =  memberi  penunggtd, 

Memmggtdkan  :  to  give  (anything)  by  way  of 
propitiation;  Sh,  Panj.  Sg. 

V.  Pemmggul :  a  sentry  ;  a  watchman  at  a 
palace  gate ;  a  care-taker  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 


tSnggelong.  (Kedah.)  An  evil  spirit  of  the 
male  sex  represented  as  having  only  a  head 
with  entrails  hanging  from  it,  and  as  flying 
through  the  air;=:(Riau,  Johor)  penanggalan 
(from  tanggal,  q.  v.). 

iSJS    tfinggelam.      Submersion ;     sinking ;     disap- 
r  pearance  from  the  surface.     Untong  batu  teng- 

gelam :  it  is  the  lot  of  a  stone  to  sink ;  it  is 
no  use  fighting  against  natural  laws;  Prov. 
Suratan-nya  timbid  tenggelam :  the  written 
characters  on  it  were  partly  visible,  partly 
effaced  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  237,  238.  Matahari  teng- 
gelam :  sunset;  Bint.  Tim.,  6  March,  1895. 
Leher-nya  tenggelam  uleh  sebab  tambun-nya :  his 
neck  was  lost  to  view  because  of  his  corpu- 
lency ;  Ht.  Abd.,  328. 

Tenggelamkan  :  to  submerge  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 


TANGGAM 


[    173    ] 


TOP 


^ 


S£ 


^oJi 


^Sm 


JjS 


tanggam.  A  groove  at  the  end  of  a  beam  or 
plank  cut  to  allow  of  its  being  more  firmly 
joined  on  to  another  beam.  Takok  tanggam  : 
id. 

Tanggam :  is  also  used  metaphorically  of 
uniting  by  friendship  or  by  any  other  bond. 

Tertanggam :  bound,  fastened,  stuck.  Ter- 
tanggam  paroh  ka-tanah  :  its  beak  got  stuck  in 
the  earth;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  40. 


tenggan.  Rolls  of  fat;  folds  of  flesh,  for 
instance,  in  the  arms  of  a  fat  child ;  also 
senggan, 

tunggU.  Watching ;  custodianship ;  the 
duties  of  a  watchman. 

Tungguwi :  to  watch  over,  to  keep  a  watch 
on  (anything);  Ht.  Abd.,  325.  Menungguwi  : 
id.;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  32. 
Memmggu :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  180,  279. 

Bertunggii :  to  be  on  the  watch ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya ;  Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  30. 

Penunggtc :  a  watchman ;  a  care-taker. 
Pemmggu  pintti :  a  porter ;  a  guardian  of  the 
gate;  Sej.  Mai.,  gi. 

tSnggulong.  A  kind  of  millipede  which  rolls 
itself  up  into  a  ball  when  touched.  Also 
senggtilong. 

tengguli.     A  tree,  cassia  fistula ;  Kl. 

tanggah.     I.     Pers.     A  small  tin  coin.     Kl. 

n.  Penanggah :  a  kitchen  in  a  royal  palace; 
Sh.  Bid.,  28.     Penanggahan :  id. 

tanggoh.  Postponement ;  putting  off.  Sehaya 
ta'-buleh  beri  tanggoh :  I  can  allow  no  further 
postponement;  Ht.  Abd.,  243. 

Bertanggoh :  to  postpone;  to  grant  an  exten- 
sion of  time ;  Ht.  Bakht.,  34. 

Pertanggohan :  a  postponement,  an  extension 
of  time;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  344;    Ht.  Zaly.,  23. 

tanggi.  Eng.  Tank,  the  water-tanks  on  a 
ship.     Also  tangki. 


^Si5  tinggi.  Height ;  altitude ;  lofty,  as  a  hill ; 
tall,  as  a  man.  Also  (by  metaphor)  exalted 
in  position  or  rank;  lofty  in  manner;  advanced 
in  learning  or  skill.  Mahatinggi :  very  lofty  ; 
exalted ;  the  Most  High. 

T.  hati :  pride ;  enlarged  ideas  of  one's  own 
importance  and  of  the  respect  due  to  one. 

Jiirn  t, :  (i)  the  captain  of  the  fore-top ;  the 
petty  officer  in  charge  of  the  sails  and  rigging; 
(2)  the  professional  climber  after  edible  bird's 
nests. 

Tinggikan:  to  raise;  to  exalt. 
Petinggi :  a  collector  of  customs  dues. 


tfinggiri.  Ikan  t, :  an  edible  marine  fish  with 
a  long  narrow  shining-white  body ;  Ht.  Abd., 
202,  229 ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  4 ;  Kam,  Kech,,  6. 

T.  batang  (Pel.  Abd.,  28),  t,  tohok,  and  t. 
tunda  or  t.  timdan :  varieties  of  this  fish. 

tSnggiling.  The  name  of  a  kind  of  ant-eater ; 
manis  javanica. 

A  tap  batti  sisek  tenggiling :  tile  roofing. 

tanglong  and  tenglong.  [Chin.  teng-Uong.] 
A  large  Chinese  lantern ;  Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  14, 
29;  Sh.  Bid.,  8;  Ht.  Koris ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata; 
Ht.  Abd.,  245,  247 ;  Cr.  Gr.,  46,  78,  etc. 

T.  berjentera  :  a  revolving  Chinese  lantern. 

tengah.  Midst;  middle;  the  half;  the  centre 
(in  position);  during  (in  point  of  time).  T. 
mengajar :  whilst  teaching.  T,hari:  midday. 
Piikitl  duwa  tengah  malam :  at  2  a.m.  Tengah 
empat  ribu  piktd  :  three  thousand  five  hundred 
pikuls.  Tengah  naik  :  (of  age) = approaching 
adolescence;  half-grown.  Sa-tengah :  a  half; 
a  fair  portion  of;  a  quantity  of;  some.  Kata 
sa4engah  orang :  some  people  say. 

Pertengahan:  middle  size,  average ;  Ht.  Abd., 
59;  centre,  half-way;  middle;  Ht.  Abd.,  424; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  47,  Pertengahan  jalan  :  on  the 
way;  Sh.  Lamp.,  2'^)=.tengah jalan, 

Ajd    tengoh.     Menengoh :     ( Onom. )     to    low,    of 


1^ 


AjO 


oxen. 


U-* 


gj    tafahus.      Arab.      Examination ;  to   carefully 

examine;    Sej.    Mai.,    124;    Ht.    Kal.    Dam., 
312;  Ht.  Sri  Rama;  Ht.  Best. 


j^.^    tafsir.       Arab.       Explanation,     commentary 
(especially  of  the  Koran);  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 

Tafstrkan :  to  comment  on,  to  give  a  running 
explanation  of  the  text ;  Ht.  Abus.,  10. 


Si3 


tafakkur.     Arab.     To  think  deeply,  to  medi- 
tate; Ht.  Abd.,  115,  124,  409,  474;  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya;  Sh.  Bid.  (Leyd.),  333.     Dudok  tafakkur: 
sitting  pondering. 
Often  pronounced  tefekor. 

»— i-J    top.     L     (Onom.)     A  sound  such  as  that  of 
two  books  falling  one  on  another ;  cf.  letup, 

II.  Main  top  :  a  Chinese  game  ;  Kl. 

III.  A  vessel  with  very  bluff  bows;  Pel. 
Abd.,  118;  (Province  Wellesley)  a  sugar-cane 
boat  with  angular  instead  of  curved  bows. 

Top  kochi  and  top  gelemat :  varieties  of  native 
vessels. 

IV.  Ikan  top-top:  (Riau)  a  fish  (unidentified). 

V.  An  exclamation  equivalent  to  the 
English  expression  *'Talk  of  the  devil,*'— used 
when  the  person  spoken  of  unexpectedly 
appears. 

VI.  Eng.     Top'Sel :  topsail. 

VII.  Layar  top :  a  native  lug-sail  with  a 
long  yard. 


t£faram 


[  174  ] 


t£pam 


P 


,U: 


tdparam. 
Kl. 


A  band  worn  round  the  forehead ; 


Ui 


Ms 


1  ...ft  * 


tSpayan.  (Kedah.)  A  large  jar  such  as  a 
Siamese  or  Shanghai  jar;  better  tempayan, 
q.v. 

tSpat.  Exactly ;  full ;  due  (in  expressions  like 
'*  due  "North). 

Barat  t, :  due  West. 

Penoh  t, :  exactly  full. 

Beriepat  janji :  to  carry  out  one's  promise. 

Kata   tidak   di-pegang-nya, 
Janji   tidak   di-iepat-nya : 

he  does  not  keep  to  his  word  or  carry  out  his 
promises;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  152. 

Perahu      bertambatan      dagang  bertepatan : 

where  the  ships  are  moored  and  the  goods  in 

safety,    a    proverbial    definition  of   a    good 
commercial  emporium. 

Menepati :  to  assure,  to  secure ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Nata. 

tSptibau.  A  bird  (unidentified);  Ht.  Sri 
Rama  (Maxw.),  i. 

tepSrling,  A  bird,  calomis  chalyheins ;  also 
chemperling  and  perlingy  q.  v. 

tSpas.  L  Brimful ;  full  up,  of  the  hold  of  a 
ship,  but  not  overfull ;  cf.  $arat  and  tipat. 

II.  Empat  tepas  dunya  :  the  four  quarters  of 
the  Earth;  ™  empat penjuru  ^dlam;  Kl. 

tSpis.  Striking  aside ;  pushing  aside  with  the 
hand;  warding  off  by  striking  aside;  cf.  tang- 
kis, 

Tepis  menepis  tangkis  menangkis :  to  fence, 
both  guarding  and  striking  aside. 

Tepiskan  :  to  strike  anything  aside ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  8.  Menepiskan  : 
id. ;  Ht.  Koris ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard.  Di4episkan- 
nya  muka  siiwami-nya  menchiytmi  diya :  she 
pushed  away  her  husband's  face  as  he  tried 
to  kiss  her ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

tSpus.  A  name  given  to  a  number  of  wild 
gingers. 

topsil  or  tapsil.  Eng.  Topsail ;  Pel.  Abd., 
105. 

tSpang.     (Riau.)     A  tree  (unidentified). 

tSpong.  Flour;  meal;  floury;  mealy;  any 
substance  of  the  character  or  appearance  of 
flour ;  a  generic  name  for  a  large  number  of 
cakes  somewhat  resembling  shortbread. 

T.  beras :  rice-meal. 

T,  bungkus  :  a  cake  made  of  tepongjawi^  coco- 
nut milk  and  inti, 

T,  gandom :  wheaten  flour. 


T.  jag07tg :  maize  flour. 

T.  jawi :  flour  oijawi  rice. 

T.  pasong  :  a  cake  made  of  jawi  flour,  sugar 
and  coco-nut  milk,  the  whole  being  wrapped 
in  a  pisang  leaf. 

T.pukit:  Homy  of  puhd  vice, 

r.  tawar :  a  yellow  powder  used  in  magical 
incantations. 

r.  badak,  t.  bawang,  t,  bunga :  cakes  of  the 
shortbread  type,  so  called  after  their  shapes. 

Menjadi  tepong :  lit.,  to  become  flour,  i.  e.,  to 
be  crushed  to  powder,  as  an  enemy  under  the 
stroke  of  a  hero's  mace  ;  Ht.  Koris. 


IjLS    tfipak.     (Onom.)     A  slight  blow ;  a  sharp  slap 

or  pat ;  pushing  aside,  as  distinct  from  striking 
aside;  v.  tepis,     Cf.  tepek  and  tepok. 


3^ 


3^ 


r 


tSpek.     (Onom.)     A  slap  or  slight  blow  with 

the  back  of  the  hand ;  cf.  tepak,  tepok^  tampar, 
tempeleng  and  sepak. 


tSpok.     I.     (Onom.)     A  heavy  blow  with  the 

flat  of  the  hand ;  a  slap ;  a  pat  with  the  open 
hand ;  a  sounding  blow  or  clap  to  keep  time 
to  music,  Anjing  di4epok  kepala  menjengkit 
ekor :  pat  a  dog  on  the  head  and  he  will  cock 
up  his  tail ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  35.  Bagai- 
mana  tepok  bagitu-lah  tari-nya :  as  the  time  is 
beaten  so  will  the  rhythm  of  the  dancing  be ; 
like  cause,  like  effect;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  92. 
Di4epok  ayer  di-dulang  memerechek  muka  sendiri 
juga :  slap  water  and  it  only  splashes  your  face ; 
vent  your  anger  on  natural  forces  and  you 
will  only  suffer  for  your  folly;  Prov.,  J.S.A.S., 
XL,  52.  Bagai  bertepok  tangan  sa-belah  :  like 
clapping  with  one  hand  only  (useless  eff'ort 
since  no  noise  results) ;  it  takes  two  to  make 
a  quarrel  or  a  love  affair. 

Alang'kah   sakit   berdendam  sa-orang, 
Bagai   bertepok   tangan  sa-belah : 

is  not  one-sided  love  a  misery ;  it  is  like  try- 
ing to  clap  with  one  hand  (useless  repining). 

Tepoki:  to  slap;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Bertepok:  id.; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Menepok:  id.  Men^pok  dada: 
to  beat  the  breast ;  Sh.  Bid.,  25 ;  Sh.  Jub. 
Mai.,  8;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  49,  64. 

Bertepok4epok :  to  keep  knocking  up  against, 
as  waves  knocking  against  a  boat. 

Cf.  tepak,  tepek,  tampar,  sepak  and  tempeleng, 

II.     Menepok. 
telepok. 


to    caulk;    to   tar;    Kl.    Cf. 


tSpam.  Laying  the  palm  of  the  hand  on 
anything  or  passing  over  anything  with  the 
hand  in  order  to  discover  its  form  by  the 
sense  of  touch,  as  when  children  play  blind- 
man's  buff  and  the  name  of  any  one  caught 
has  to  be  guessed ;  lying  down  flat  on  one's 
stomach ;  stretched  out  face  downwards ;  cf. 
tiyarap. 


TfePU 


[    175    ] 


T^KIS 


jP 


iSsJu 


t6pu.  Full  to  the  brim;  full,  as  the  sails  of  a 
boat ;  under  full  sail,  of  a  boat. 

tSpi.  Edge ;  border ;  margin ;  brink.  T,  laut  : 
the  sea-shore.  Kain  ta'-bertepi :  a  cloth  with- 
out border ;  a  seamless  garment ;  a  man  who 
tells  the  truth  but  cannot  get  believed ;  Prov. 
Bertepikan :  seamed ;  Arabian  Nights,  378. 
Menepi :  to  step  to  the  edge,  to  move  aside 
{e.  g.y  to  avoid  a  shot) ;  Pel.  Abd.,  53, 

tapekong.  [Chin,  toa-pe-kong:  great  pater- 
nal ancestor  ?]  A  Chinese  joss  ;  the  picture 
of  the  Earth-spirit  in  the  entrance  hall  of  a 
Chinese  house  ;  a  keramat  spirit.  Rumah  t. :  a 
joss-house;  a  Chinese  temple  to  the  Earth- 
spirit. 

Also   to'  pekong  and  dato'  pekong. 

^    tak.     (Onom.)     A  sound  such  as  that  of  a  rap, 

or  of  a  cracking  piece  of  wood ;   cf.  ketak  and 
geletak. 

Jj^    tek  or  tik.      I.      (Onom.)      A  sound  such  as 

that  of  the  trickling  of  water  or  of  the  ticking 
of  a  clock.     Cf.  titek  and  tak. 


II.     (Penang.) 
dissatisfaction. 


An  exclamation  of  peevish 


J3    tok  or  tuk. 

but  duller. 


(Onom.)     A  sound ;  =  tak,  q,  v., 


J^'    takbir.     Arab.     To  bury. 


of 


.Jju 


tokchan.     (Penang.)     Blind-man's  buff ;  also 
main  china  buta, 

Budak   budak   bermain  tokchan, 
A  mbil   kain   tntup   mata : 

the  children  are  playing  blind-man's  buff;  they 
have  taken  a  cloth  and  bandaged  the  eyes  (of 
one  of  their  number). 

takdir.      Arab.      Will ;    decree — especially  of 

the  decrees  of  Providence.  Dengan  takdir 
A  llah  ;  or  dengan  takdir  ildhi :  by  the  decree 
of  God. 

Tanglong  hanyut  dart  hulu, 
Lantai   balai  di-belah-belah ; 

Menanggong  sakit  tidak   bermalu, 
Sudah  dengan  takdir  A  llah : 

there  is  no  shame  in  suffering  from  illness ; 
illness  comes  by  God's  decree  ;  Sh.  Sri  Bun., 
29. 

T,  kemalangan :  misfortune. 

Takdirkan  (Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  85)  and  mentakdir- 
kan  :  (used  in  speaking  of  God  only)  to  decree 
the  existence  of.  Tuhan  yang  mentakdirkan 
igama  islam  dan  igama  masihi  itu :  God  who 
willed  the  existence  of  the  religion  of  Muham- 
mad and  of  that  of  Christ ;  Ht.  Abd.,  466. 


i««iJuti    takdis.     Arab.     To  sanctify;  sanctification. 


j^jZ    takrtr.     Arab.     Settling  down;  establishment. 

>^V^^*    taksir.     L     Arab.     Negligence;  carelessness; 

Htlsk.  Dz.;    Ht.  Sh.  Mard.,  19;    Majm.  al- 
Ahk.,  22. 

II.  (Dutch.)  To  tax  ;  to  assess  ;  to  esti- 
mate. Sakaliyan  kerugiyan  di-taksir  belaka 
enampuloh  lapan  ribu  hisdb  mareka:  the  damage 
done  was  estimated  by  them  to  mount  up  to 
$68,000,  in  all ;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  9. 

^>  tekpi.  [Chin.  ?]  A  kind  of  three-pointed  pike 
or  trident. 

"^4^^  taklid.  Arab.  Investing  with  an  office  or 
dignity. 

^jZ    takwim.     Arab.     Calendar,  almanac. 

^  tSka.  [Skr.  tarka.]  Teka4eki :  riddles, 
comindrnms  ;=  terka-terki  and  kitiki ;  see 
ferka.     Also  teka\ 

Sural  teka-teki  terbang  :  a  book  of  puzzles ; 
a  first  reader. 

Tekaan  :  guess-work. 

J^OJ    tekarun.     A     silk    kain    lepas;    Ht.      Koris. 
Also  tcganm  and  tenggarun. 

jj^    tSkaru.     A  plant  (unidentified);  J.  I.  A.,  L,  330. 

J'S^  takabbur.  Arab.  Pride ;  haughtiness ;  arro- 
gance ;  Sh.  Nas.,  9 ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  17  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  270  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  75.  Usually 
pronounced  tekebtir. 

Takabburkan :  to  render  arrogant.  Perkataan 
tttwan  jangan  takabburkan  :  do  not  put  pride 
into  your  language ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  19. 

takbir.     Arab.     To  assert   the    greatness  of 
God;  to  say:   ''Allahti  Akbar,'' 

tSkat.     Embroidery  in  the  precious  metals  or 
with  pearls ;  gold  lace ;  silver  thread  work. 

r.  tinibul :  massive  embroidery  in  gold  lace 
rising  above  its  ground-work  of  cloth. 

Bertekat  mas:  embroidered  in  gold;  Ht. 
Ind.  Nata.  Bertekat  permata:  embroidered 
in  gems ;  Ht.  Koris.  Bertekat  ungu :  em- 
broidered in  purple ;  Sh.  Bid.,  26. 

toktok.      (Onom.)      A    wooden   or    bamboo 

sounding-board ;  a  tube  of  bamboo  struck  as 
a  signal. 

takrim.  Arab.  To  revere,  to  highly  honour; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Sembah  takrim  :  a  reverential 
obeisance ;  Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  18. 

tdkis.  Working  (with  the  needle)  as  close  to 
the  edge  as  possible. 


TfeKANG 


[    176    ] 


TfeGAP 


iSo 


w-iSo 


tSkang.  The  wooden  barriers  or  walls  placed 
inside  a  well  to  prevent  the  earth  falling  in ; 
cross-beams  in  a  Malay  boat  to  strengthen 
the  structure,  of.  chekang;  the  poles  which 
keep  the  mouth  of  a  net  (pukat)  open. 

tSkap.  Resting  the  inside  of  the  hand  on 
anything;  slight  pressure  with  the  flat  of 
the  hand,  the  thumb  being  lowered  slightly 
so  as  to  allow  of  a  slight  hollow  between  the 
centre  of  the  hand  and  the  surface  on  which 
the  hand  rests.  Di4ekap-nya  mulut  kakanda  : 
she  put  her  hand  upon  her  lover's  mouth ;  Ht. 
Koris.  Bertekap  muka  dengan  sapti-tangan  : 
covering  the  face  with  her  kerchief;  Sh.  Panj. 
Sg. 
Kartds  t. :  blotting-paper. 


k-iSj 


|5j  tSkup.  Covering  with  the  hand,  catching  by 
covering  with  the  hand ;  cf.  chekup,  tangkup, 
etc. 


jSi 


v3^ 


t6kak.  I.  The  space  between  the  palate 
and  the  tongue ;  the  hollow  in  the  fore  part 
of  the  mouth. 

Anak  tekak  :  the  uvula. 

II.  Obstinacy. 

III.  See  teka. 

o    tfikek.     I.     A  drug  used  in  dyeing. 

II.  Obstinacy;  argumentativeness;  unwill- 
ingness to  accept  statements  made  by  others. 

III.  (Onom.)  A  lizard,  the  gecko;  platy- 
dactyhis  guttatus  or  gecko  monarchus.  Better 
to'kek, 

rSj    tfikok.     I.     A  fish  (unidentified). 

II.     (Singapore.)     Guess  !    v.  teka  and  agak. 

u-xISj    taklif.     Arab.     To  burden  with. 


^ 


tfikam.     A  tree  (unidentified) ;  Kl. 

tSkan.  Pressure  with  the  flat  of  the  hand  or 
leg — more  forcible  than  tekap,  q.  v. ;  pressure 
to  test  strength  (Sej.  Mai.,  61)  or  to  obtain 
a  moulding  or  impression.  Yang  ada  mem- 
bawa  tepong  lembek4embek  di-tekankan-nya  di- 
batu  itu :  some  brought  soft  dough  and  pressed 
it  upon  the  stone  (to  obtain  an  impression 
of  the  characters  carved  on  it) ;  Ht.  Abd.,  237. 

tSkun.  Assiduity  ;  perseverance ;  keeping  to 
anything.  Maka  ada4ah  kira-kira  dulapan 
sembilan  bulan  aku  birtektm  mhigaji :  I  kept  to 
my  studies  for  some  eight  or  nine  months; 
Ht.  Abd.,  30. 
Also  (Kedah)  teku. 


3^ 


J  tdku.  (  Kedah, )  Assiduity,  perseverance ;  = 
tBktm^  q.  V.  Teku4akai  :  (intensitive)  keeping 
assiduously  at  any  work. 


\J>^  tfikuwa  or  tSkwa.  Baju  tekuwa :  a  kind  of 
long  sleeveless  baju  worn  by  women  ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub. 

^J>^  tdkukor.  A  dove,  turttir  tigrina;  Sh.  Ung. 
Bers.,  3;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Padang  t, :  a  plain 
for  wild  doves,  e,g,j  a  desolate  uncultivated 
spot  abandoned  to  wild  doves;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
131. 

^  tSkah.  A  species  of  long-tailed  monkey,  Sw.; 
(Riau,  Johor)  kekah. 

^Od  tekoll.  (Kedah.)  Time,  period ;  =  masa. 
Tekoh  mana  :  when.  Tekoh4ekoh  :  at  times  ; 
=  kadang'kadang. 


^ 


j^ 


^ 


teki.  I.  Riwtptit  t. :  a  grass,  kyllinga  mono- 
cephala, 

II.  Teka4eki,  or  teka''4ekif  or  keteki :  a 
riddle,  a  conundrum  ;  guessing. 

Oj^^    tegarun.      A   kind  of  silk  kain  Upas,      Also 
tekarun  and  tenggarmn, 

tegar.  Stiffness  ;  inflexibility  of  temper  ;  un- 
bending ;  unswerving,  either  of  a  man  or  of  a 
road  which  does  not  avoid  difficulties. 

T.  haii  :  inflexibility  of  disposition. 

Ketegaran  :  hardness  of  heart ;  Arabian 
Nights,  54. 

tegor.  Address  ;  greeting ;  salutation.  Maka 
sigera4ah  di4egor  tileh  baginda  mart4ah  anak-ku 
tiiwan  dudok  :  he  was  promptly  greeted  by  the 
king  (with  the  words) :  '*  Come,  my  son,  be 
seated,  Sir  "  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

T.  sapa  :  courtesy  of  address  ;  tact  in  open- 
ing a  conversation  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  134,  294  ;  Ht. 
Bakht.,  14. 

Tegorkan  :  to  address  any  one  regarding  any 
point ;  to  draw  a  man's  attention  to  anything. 
Barang  siapa  menengar  salah  bachaan-mti  itu 
dapatiyada  di4egor'nya  :  if  any  one  hears  you 
make  a  mistake  in  your  reading  he  will  cer- 
tainly draw  your  attention  to  it ;  Ht.  Abd., 
32.     Menegorkan  :  id;  Ht.  Abd.,  417. 

Tegori :  to  address;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  41,  71. 
Menegori:  id.;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

Ketegoran :  addressing;  accosting;  the  act 
of  speaking  to.  Kena  ketegoran  hantu  :  to  be 
plagued  by  a  ghost ;  to  be  haunted. 


^Jj^^   tagerak. 


Pers.     Hail;  hailstorm. 


tSgang.  Tautness ;  stretched  to  the  full ;  at 
its  full  span  or  stretch,  as  a  sail ;  cf.  regang, 
chekang,  tekang,  etc.  Kmdor  berletmg4eting, 
tegang  berjela-jela  :  the  loose  vibrates  with  a 
twang,  the  tight  hangs  loose  ;  black  is  white 
and  white  black;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  11. ,  151. 

v_iSj    tfigap.     Stiffly  erect,  bolt  upright ;  tegak,  q.  v. 


tIsgak 


[   177  ] 


TELOR 


,^jSJ    tfigak.     Stiff;  upright,  of  the  body.     B^rdiri 
tegak:  bolt  upright;   Sh.   Pr.   Ach.,  8.     Ter- 
tegak  :  drawn  up  erect ;  stiffly  erect ;  Ht.  Raj. 
Sul.;  7. 
Hahiwan  t. :  square  bows,  in  a  ship. 

v3^  tSgok.  I.  Gulping;  a  gulp.  Sa-tegok :  as 
much  as  a  man  can  swallow  at  a  gulp;  a 
mouthful ;  Bost.  Sal. ;  Ht.  Si  Misk.,  42 ;  Ht. 
Hamz.,  72. 

n.     Unwilling,  hostile;   objection  to.     Men- 
egok  :  to  object ;  Ht.  Zaly.,  7. 


tSgal.     Cause;  =  karena  or  sebab.     Tegal  apa: 
why ;  wherefore. 

tSgil.     Jav.     The   natural  spur  of  a  fighting- 
cock;  also  tagiL 

tSgun.     I.     A  tree  from  the  wood  of  which 
oars  are  made ;   Kl. 

II.  The  attitude  of  expectation  struck  by  a 
pawang  when  he  awaits  the  spirit's  descent ; 
stark,  immovable;  cf.  temegun, 

Bidii  t, :  (Kedah)  the  mane  of  a  horse ;  the 
bristles  on  the  neck  of  a  wild  pig,  etc. 


OC>    tegah.     Hindrance ;  prohibition. 

Tegahkan  or  menegahkan :  to  prohibit ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  162,  259,  etc. ;  to 
hinder;  Arabian  Nights,  69.  Di-tegahkan  ber- 
senjata  :  the  wearing  of  arms  was  prohibited ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  440.  ItU'lah  di-stiroh  tegahkan :  he 
ordered  it  to  be  prohibited ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

r.  larang:  prohibitions  generally.  Meme- 
rentahkan  tegah  larang  segala  jin  pert :  to  rule 
and  control  all  the  jins  and  fairies ;  Ht.  Best. 

Tegah  is  also  used  of  the  thing  prohibited, 
the  unlawful.  Menjaiihkan  tegah :  keep  all 
that  is  unlawful  away  from  yourself;  Sh.  I. 
M.  P.,  2. 

oS  tggoh.  Stiff;  firm;  fast;  tight,  as  a  knot; 
strongly  built,  as  a  fort ;  well  kept  or  rigidly 
adhered  to,  as  a  promise.  Tiyada  tegoh  satiya- 
nya :  he  is  not  very  firm  in  his  loyalty.  Di- 
ikat-nya  tegoh-tegoh :  he  tied  it  very  tightly. 

Bertegoh'tegohkan  janji :  to  make  a  mutual 
promise  or  agreement ;  Ht.  Abd.,  100,  129. 

Menegohkan :  to  confirm  ;  to  strengthen ;  to 
encourage ;  to  bear  up ;  to  reassure. 

jf>    tol   or  tul.     Eur.     A  thole  pin. 

"^  t61a.  A  portion  of  a  Malay  house,  the  part 
between  the  front  building  and  the  kitchen ; 
a  space  (sometimes  open  above)  connecting 
the  constituent  parts  of  a  Malay  house. 
Tingkap  t. :  the  window  of  this  portion. 

dij^    tglatah.     Manner,  behaviour,  ways. 


(jS%    tfiladan     or    tuladan.       Model;     examples- 
copy  ;  representation  to  be  imitated. 


J>^ 


dSSb 


telapak.     Dull  telapakan :  (beneath)  the  dust 

under  the  soles  of  your  feet, — a  humble  way 
of  describing  one's  own  position  to  a  raja, 
and  often  used  as  a  mode  of  address  to  princes. 
Ka-bawah  duli  telapakan  tuwan-kii :  id. — less 
elliptically  expressed. 

A  derivative  of  tapak,  q.  v. 

tSlaga.  [Skr.  taldka,  tddaga.]  A  mere;  a 
pool;  a  well;  Ht.  Gh. ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  31. 
Ada-kah  pernah  telaga  yang  keroh  itu  mengalir 
ayer-nya  jirneh  :  does  a  dirty  pool  ever  give  a 
flow  of  clean  water?  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  442. 
Telaga  menchari  timba :  the  well  goes  in  search 
of  the  bucket ;  a  woman  making  love  to  a 
man ;  Prov. 

Perigi   di-kata   telaga 

Tempat   biidak    bendang  mandi ; 

Mas  perak   ada   berherga, 
Budi   behasa   sukar  di-chari : 

a  well  is  called  **  telaga, "  a  place  where 
children  go  and  bathe ;  gold  and  silver  have 
their  price,  but  kindness  and  courtesy  are 
hard  to  find. 

0^    tilawat.     Arab.     The  reading  of  the  Koran. 

ij^    telayan.     A   fish-seller;   Ht.   Kal.  Dam.,  68, 
87,  401.     Also  nalayan, 

,j»_^lc  telut.  I.  Knee;  =  Ititut,  Bertelut:  on  one's 
knees;  kneeling;  to  kneel;  Ht.  Best.;  Ht. 
Ham^a,  20.  Sarnbil  bertelut  di-tikam-nya :  as 
he  knelt  down  he  was  stabbed;  Ht.  Abd.,  246. 
Jalan  bertelut :  to  walk  on  one's  shins  and 
knees.  Maka  segala  munteri  dan  hidubalang 
itnpun  bertelut  menjunjong  duli :  all  the  minis- 
ters and  captains  bent  the  knee  and  did 
homage;  Ht.  Bakht.,  14. 

II.  Penetration,  =  terlut;  v.  lut,  Ta'-tBlut: 
it  does  not  (or  did  not)  penetrate— of  a 
weapon.  Jikalau  sa-tahun  pun  turun  hujan 
tiyada  akan  telut  ka-dalam-nya :  were  it  to  rain 
for  a  year  the  rain  would  not  soak  into  it ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  94. 

Jg  tglor.  Egg;  an  egg;  fish  roe.  Telor  di-hujong 
tandok  :  an  egg  balanced  on  the  tip  of  a  horn  ; 
a  man  or  thing  in  a  very  critical  position; 
Prov. 

T,  asin  :  salted  eggs ;  preserved  eggs. 

T.  ayam :  a  fowl's  egg, 

T.  belangkas :  a  plant,  sida  carpinifolia,  and 
mcesa  ramentacea, 

T.  buwaya :  a  crocodile's  egg ;  v.  bochong. 

T,  ikan :  a  grass,  panicum  radicans,  L. 

r.  merah:  (by  reference  to  the  red  eggs  given 
to  guests  at  weddings)  virginity.  Kutib  t.  : 
(Penang)  to  collect  wedding  eggs,— used  to 
describe  a  man  who  lives  on  his  daughter's 
earnings  by  prostitution. 


23 


T^LANa 


[    178    ] 


tIilanjor 


u-JUJ 


Uk 


jti> 


j^. 


T.  terubok :  a  kind  of  caviare  or  sambal  made 
of  the  roe  of  the  terubok, 

Buloh  t, :  a  bamboo  ;  schizostachyum  zollingeri. 

Btmga  t, :  the  red  eggs  given  to  guests  at 
weddings. 

Kuweh  t. :  a  cake  made  of  ptdut^  rice  and 
eggs,  baked  in  a  mould  and  soaked  in  oil. 

Pulut  t. :  a  kind  oi  padi, 

A  kar  t.  bujok  :  a  plant,  agelcea  vestita, 

Sa-biji  f.:  a  single  egg;  Ht.  Abd.,  215.  Sa- 
btmah  t, :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  no. 

tdlang.  A  design  in  long  patches.  Bertelang- 
Ulang:  marked  by  patches  of  (proportionately) 
great  length  and  unequal  width.  Btiloh  t, : 
a  bamboo,  gigantochloa  heterostachya.  Buloh 
t,  minyak :  gigantochloa  latispictdata, 

tdlangkup.  Upside  down ;  turned  upside 
down,  of  a  cup  or  bowl ;  v.  tangkup. 

tSlengkah,  Diversity  of  character ;  inequality 
of  size;  possessed  of  different  peculiarities; 
cf.  tingkah. 

tSlangkai.  The  middleman  or  mutual  friend 
who  acts  as  a  go-between  in  arranging  a 
marriage. 

tSlap.  I.  Penetration;  incision ;  wounding, 
of  a  w^eapon.  Senjata  ta'-telap :  the  weapon 
has  failed  to  wound.  Tiyada  telap  pada  tuboh 
raja  Petukal :  it  did  not  wound  the  body  of  Raja 
Petukal:  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  29. 
Cf.  hit  and  iekit. 

n.  A  small  insect  or  animal  of  the  bubok 
class. 

HI.  Harimau  telap:  (Kedah)  a  spotted  tree 
leopard. 

tfilepa.  A  small  receptacle  for  cosmetics  or 
sireh;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  42;  Ht.  Hamz.,  94. 

Also  chelBpa. 

tfilepok.     Figured ;  adorned  with  an  impressed 

pattern,     Sapu  tangan  t, :  a  figured  kerchief; 
Ht.  Abd.,  419.     Kain  t.:  a  figured  sarong. 
As  a  pattern  telepok  is  used  of  emblemata  or 
marquetry  (in  geometrical  figures  only). 

Telepokkan :  to  figure ;  to  impress  a  pattern  on 
thick  cloth  or  paper ;  Ht.  Koris.  Menelepok  : 
id. 

t§lok.  I.  A  bay;  a  bight;  a  curve  in  the 
coast  line  forming  a  bay.  T.  rantau :  wind- 
ings and  reaches  in  a  river — an  expression 
used  to  signify  territory  generally;  Sej.  Mai., 
109 ;  Ht.  Abd.,  224. 

n.  Bert^lok  :  to  kneel.  Laksamana  bertelok 
menyhnbah :  the  Laksamana  knelt  and  bowed ; 
Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  78.  The  form  also  occurs  :  Ht, 
P.J.  P.;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch., 
23,  etc. 

Usually  t^lut,  q.  v. 


^    tolk.     [Dutch  folk.]     An  interpreter ;  v.  jjy. 


/b 


o^ 


jCjj 


talki.  Arab.  To  meet  on  the  road,  to  go  to 
meet. 

talkin.       Arab.      **  Instruction  " — the     name 

given   to   a   prayer   or  formula   recited   at  a 
burial ;  Ht.  Abd.,  424 ;  Sh.  May.,  6. 

t§16kong.  A  praying  veil  used  by  Muhamma- 
dan  women;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. ;  Sh.  Ul,,  6. 

tSlfikap.  To  brush  away  a  fly  or  any  similar 
approaching  object ;  cf.  tekap. 

t§16kan.  The  posture  of  a  man,  either  sitting 
or  standing,  who  leans  upon  his  outstretched 
arm  ;  resting  one*s  body  upon  one's  arm ;  Sh. 
Sri  Bun.,  13;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  26,  28;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg.  Bertelekan  di-ribaan  Radin  Galoh  : 
resting  his  arms  on  the  princess's  lap;  Ht, 
Mas.  Ed- 

Cf,  tekan  and  telekii. 


teleku.  The  posture  of  a  man  who  sits  or 
stands  with  his  elbows  forward  and  at  rest  on 
anything,  Berteleku  di-atas  ribaan  isteri-nya  : 
resting  his  elbows  upon  his  wife's  lap;  Ht. 
Ind.  Meng. 

tSlampong.  Driftw^ood;  cf.  pelampong  and 
apong. 


t§lSmpap.  Laying  the  hand  flat  on  anything; 
a  hand's  breadth ;  a  hand's  breadth  used  as  a 
standard  of  measurement.     Also  pelempap. 

In  Johor,  pelempap  is  used  of  a  hand's  breadth 
exclusive  of  the  thumb. 


tSlan.  The  act  or  process  of  swallowing. 
Btdan  itu  di4elan  ular :  the  moon  has  been 
swallowed  by  a  snake.  Sa-ekor  chaching 
menelan  naga :  a  worm  has  swallowed  a 
dragon ;  an  improper  conquest  of  the  great  by 
the  mean  ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  408. 

Telankan :    to   get   a   thing    swallowed ;    to 
swallow  (anything);  Muj.,  26. 

Pert  elan :  a  draught ;    a  potion  ;  a  thing  to 
swallow;  Muj.,  63. 

Ikan  tUan  rumput :  a  fish,  pimelepterus  cineras, 

Ular  penelan :  (Borneo)  a  name  given  to  the 
python. 


tSlantar. 

v.  hantar. 


Stretched,   extended  ;  =  terhantar ; 


Jff^    tSlanjor.     Projecting;  cf.  anjor. 


TfiLANJANG 


[    179    ] 


tSmaram 


7^ 


3^ 


t§lailjang.  Nude ;  naked ;  stripped.  Telan- 
jangi:  to  strip  naked;  Sej.  Mai.,  159. 

T.  bugil,  t.  bogel  or  t.  bulat :  stark  naked. 

Bertelanjang :  in  a  state  of  nudity;  naked, 
bare.  Keris  bertelanjang :  a  naked  keris ;  Ht. 
Hg.  Tuw.,  12.  Pedang  bertelanjang :  a  naked 
sword;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz.  Kechil  kechilpakai  kain, 
besar  besar  bertelanjang :  when  young,  clothed; 
when  grown  up,  naked ;  a  riddle  descriptive 
of  the  bamboo. 

t61unjok.    Jari  telunjok :  (or  simply  telimjok): 

the  index  finger,  Hujong  t, :  the  tip  of  the 
finger.  Teltmjok  merosok  mata ;  telunjok  men- 
chuchok  mata ;  or  telunjok  inenikam  mata  sendiri : 
one's  finger  digging  into  one's  eye ;  hoist  with 
one's  own  petard  ;  Prov. 

Cf.  unjory  unjok,  tunjok,  etc. 

t§lSnan.  The  cleaning-frame  used  by  a  native 
coppersmith. 

t61au.  Patchy,  of  light  or  colouring.  Ber- 
telau-telau  saperti  panas  di-belukar  :  in  patches, 
like  light  shining  through  secondary  jungle; 
Prov. 

tSlu.  I.  Three  (in  certain  expressions  only). 
Buwah  keras  telu :  a  kind  of  fruit  with  three 
stones.  Buwah  salak  telu  :  another  kind  of 
fruit  also  with  three  stones. 

II.     (Riau.)     A  hermaphrodite. 

V— a3^    telukup.     Turned  upside  down  ;  =  telangkup, 
q.  V. 

tfilah.  I.  A  preterite;  a  word  giving  a  past 
tense  to  the  expression  in  which  it  occurs. 
Maka  telah  di-lihat  uleh  Sang  Bayu  Nafiri 
panah-nya  tewas  maka  iya-pun  terlalii  marah  : 
when  Sang  Bayu  Nafiri  saw  that  his  arrow 
had  failed  to  reach  its  mark,  he  became  very 
angry ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Sa4elah :  being  past  or  over ;  after.  Sa- 
telah  beberapa  lama-nya :  after  some  time ; 
some  time  having  elapsed. 

II.     Menelah:  to  predict. 

jJC  tdledor.  (Riau.)  Sleepy,  sleepy-head,  lazy- 
bones ;  a  term  of  abuse  applied  to  idle  and 
careless  house-servants. 


^ 


J 


tfilerang.  Ema%  televang :  reef-gold ;  gold 
bearing  reefs  ;  out -cropping  gold  ;  cf.  lerang. 

Batu  t.  :  quartz. 

tSlinga.  The  ear  of  a  man  or  of  an  animal ; 
the  handle  of  a  vessel.  Telinga-nya  lebar 
^aldmat  banyakpenengaran  :  his  ear  was  broad — 
a  sign  of  acute  hearing  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  86.  Mabok 
tahi  telinga :  excited  by  endearing  words. 
Yang  telinga  lembut  ya-itu-lah  orang  hhidak 
pulas :  the  man  with  a  soft  ear  is  the  nian 
whose  ear  will  be  twisted ;  a  fool  invites 
plundering;  Prov. 


r 


f 


J'-' 


b 


P' 


T,  bedil :  the  pan  of  a  gun. 

r.  gajah :  the  name  of  a  fish. 

T,  kera  :  a  plant,  henslowia  lobbiana, 

T.  kerbau  bukit :  an  orchid,  vanilla  griffithii. 

Anak  t, :  the  tympanum;  Panch.,  11. 

Chuping  i, :   the  lobe  of  the  ear, 

Daun  t, :  the  frame  of  the  ear ;  the  visible 
outer  portion  of  the  ear  as  distinct  from  the 
organs  of  hearing  inside  the  aperture. 

PoJmn  t. :  the  ear  where  it  joins  the  head ; 
Ht.  Hamz.,  8g. 

Lobang  t.  :  the  aperture  of  the  ear. 

A  kar  f.  tikus  :  a  plant,  desmodium  heterophyl- 
him, 

Korek  t,  buwaya  :  a  small  animal  (unidenti- 
fied). 

telepok  or  telipok.     The  lotus;  also  teratai, 

q.  V. 

Telinga-nya  bagai  telepok  layu  :  her  ear  was 
like  a  shrunken  lotus  flower  ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

tarn.     I.      Pers,     Cataract;    a  disease  of  the 
eye. 

II.  (Onom.)     A  droning  sound ;  ci,  dentam, 

III.  A  proper  name;  an  abbreviation  of 
hitam, 

tim.     [Chin.  ttm.~\     Cooked  soft  by  stewing  in 
a  covered  pot  placed  in  boiling  water, 

Petiman :  a  saucepan  for  stewing. 

torn.     [  Dutch  ^oom.]     The  bridle;  the  reins. 
Tali  torn:  id;  Ht.  Abd.,  106. 


f    tum.      (Onom.)      Boom ! — a   sound   like    the 
r       roar  of  a  cannon. 

tdmabor.  Scattered,  dispersed,  scattered 
about  in  large  numbers,  as  the  stars;  cf.  tabor^ 
of  which  it  is  a  frequentative  or  intensive. 

Bintang  t.  :  a  constellation  ;  the  Milky  Way. 


,\i  temarang.  Terang4emarang :  half  light,  a 
sort  of  twilight ;  the  light  of  a  night  when  a 
full  moon  is  clouded  over;  Ht.  Si  Misk.,  10. 
Also  terang  temarani, 

tfimaram.      Half-gloom  ;    obscurity,  such  as 

exists  when  a  full  moon  is  overcast. 

Bulan  terangf  terang  temaram, 

Hantu  berjalan  laki  bini : 

when  the  moon  is  bright,  but  the  sky  overcast, 

the  ghosts  go  about  in  family  parties. 

Bintang  t, :  the  stars  being  obscured  by 
haze;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  73.  Bulan  pun  aram 
temaram  saperti  bUas  akan  orang  yang  bir- 
cherai :  the  moon  was  overcast  as  though  in 
sorrow  for  those  about  to  part ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jay. 


tamAsha 


[    i8o    ] 


TAMB&RA 


W^ 


^\1 


tamSiSha.  Pers.  A  show ;  a  spectacular 
festival ;  the  **  sights  "  or  **  lions  "  of  a  place  • 
Melihat  tamdsha  itu :  to  see  that  sight  (th^ 
blowing  up  of  the  Malacca  fort) ;  Ht.  Abd.> 
66.  Melihat  tamdsha  keyangan:  to  see  the 
sights  of  heaven  ;  Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  144. 

tSmali.  Tali  temali  :  cordage  of  all  sorts  ;  v. 
tali. 

tamstm.     Arab.     End,  finished. 

timba.  A  small  light  bucket,  usually  of  upeh, 
used  to  pour  water  over  a  bather  or  to  bale 
out  water.  Telaga  menchari  timba  :  the  well 
goes  in  search  of  the  bucket;  the  woman 
makes  love  to  the  man ;  a  reversal  of  the 
regular  order  of  things  ;  Prov. 

Karam  di4aut  buleh  di4imha  ; 
Karam  di-hati  sudah  sa-kali  : 
if  you  are  swamped  at  sea,  you  can  bale 
out  the  boat ;  if  you  founder  in  your  affections, 
your  heart  is  wrecked  for  ever;  Prov.,  J.S.A.S., 
11. ,  153.  Ptitus  timba,  tinggal  tali  :  the  bucket 
breaks  off,  leaving  only  the  cord ;  losing  the 
useful  and  being  left  with  the  useless ;  Pro  v., 
Marsd.  Gr.,  209. 

r.  ruwang :  the  bucket  for  baling  out  a 
boat ;  (less  correctly)  the  well  from  which  a 
boat  or  ship  is  baled  out. 

Menimba  :  to  bale  water.  Menimba  ruwang  : 
to  bale  out  a  boat.  Angin  menimba  ruwang  : 
a  side  wind  which  causes  a  boat  to  heel  over 
and  so  empties  the  well. 

Tertimba  :  baled  out ;  emptied  out  by  baling. 
Maka  di'pertimba  07'ang  tiyada  tertimba  ayer 
ruwang  lagi :  the  men  baled  away  but  the 
water  in  the  boat's  well  could  not  be  emptied 
out;  Sej.  Mai.,  46. 

Datm  timba  tasek :  a  plant  (unidentified). 


yVi    tSmbatar.     A  wmm  (unidentified) ;  Kl. 

jSli  tSmbatu.  I.  The  {mit  of  the  nipah.  Saperti 
tembatu  di-Mmpas  rupa-nya :  (disintegrating) 
like  the  fruit  of  the  nipah  when  dashed  on  the 
ground;  falling  into  pieces;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ; 
Ht.  Koris. 

H.     A  tree,  parinarium  nitidum. 

jJ>UX    tSmbadau.     A  small  wild  ox,  found  in  Borneo. 

j5^M    tSmbangau.     (Selangor.)     A  forest  tree   (un- 
identified). 


iS  \J   tdmbakang.     A 

^    *        called  tebakang. 


fish     (unidentified);    also 


jTv 


Li  tfimbakul.  A  species  of  saltwater  fish, 
which  swims  with  its  head  above  water. 
The  size  of  its  head  and  its  peculiar  motion 
give  it  the  appearance  of  a  man  carrying  a 
basket ;  cf.  bakuL 


/u 


tSmbakau.  [Port,  tabaco.]  Tobacco;  Ht. 
Ind.  Meng. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  203.  Thnbakau  jawa  : 
native  grown  tobacco;  Ht.  Abd.,  381.  T. 
belati :  imported  tobacco,  or  tobacco  prepared 
by  European  methods. 

tSmbaki.     A  flying  lizard  (unidentified);  Kl. 

tSmbaga.  [Skr.  tdmraka.]  Copper;  brass; 
a  name  given  to  pure  copper  and  to  a  number 
of  its  alloys. 

r,  kuning :  brass  polished  to  shine  like  gold. 

T.  merah  :  dull  red  brass. 

T.  penmggu  :  gun  metal. 

T.  ptiteh :  nickel. 

T,  suwasa :  copper  mixed  with  gold. 

Btmga  t. :  a  kind  of  flower,  crinum  asiaticum. 
Also  called  btmga  t,  suwasa. 

Buwaya  t, :  a  kind  of  crocodile  with  copper 
coloured  scales. 

Kupang  t, :  copper  ten-cent  pieces — a  col- 
loquial expression  to  describe  empty  boasts 
that  deceive  no  one. 

Rumput  t, :  a  kind  of  grass,  ischcemum  mutictmi. 

Ketembagaan :  brazen  character.  Supaya 
jangan  ketembagaan  uji :  so  that  it  should  not 
turn  out  to  be  brass  (false)  on  its  being  tested 
with  the  touchstone ;  Sh.  Jub.  Mai.,  16. 

tambat.  Tying  up  ;  fastening  up  ;  tethering. 
Saperti  rusa  kena  tambat :  like  a  tethered  deer ; 
helpless;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  H.,  142.  Di- 
tambat  tidak  bertali :  united,  yet  without  a 
bond ;  living  together,  yet  not  married  ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  105. 

Tambati :  to  fasten;    Sej.  Mai.,  116. 

Tambatkan :  to  have  (an  animal  or  thing) 
fastened  or  tied  up;  Ht.  Abd.,  30,75,  296; 
Sej.  Mai.,  63,  149,  etc.  Menambatkan:  id.; 
Sej.  Mai.,  149;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  185. 

Bertambatan :  able  to  be  tied  up,  having 
fastenings.  Perahu  bertambatan  dagang  ber- 
tepatan :  where  vessels  can  be  moored  and 
goods  enjoy  security;  a  proverbial  descrip- 
tion of  a  good  trading  resort. 

Penambat:  a  tether,  a  fastening;  Sh.  Dag., 
12 ;  Arabian  Nights,  83. 

Pertambatan :  the  act  or  process  of  tying  or 
tethering.  Tali  pertambatan  hati  manusiya  :  a 
cord  for  attaching  to  oneself  the  hearts  of 
men ;  Ht.  Abd.,  79. 

Tertambat :  fastened ;  tied  up ;  tethered ; 
hobbled ;  Ht.  Abd.,  357. 

tambar.  Black,  inferior  in  quality,  e,  g.,  of 
rice;  KL 

tambor  or  tambur.  Eur.  Drum;  drum- 
ming; Sh.  Si  Lemb.,  53;  Ht.  Fut.  Sh.,  37; 
Bint.  Tim.,  13  March^  1895,  etc. 

tambSra  or  tfimbgra.  (Batav.)  A  large 
carp  =  (Johor)  tebera.     Also  kedera,  q.-v. 


TEMB&REH 


[    i8i    ] 


TAMBAK 


c/}i    tgmbereh.       A   large   edible    saltwater   fish, 
otolithus  punctatus. 

h^  tgmbgreng.  (Onom.)  A  musical  instrument ; 
a  small  ringing  gong.     Also  bereng-bereng, 

U**^  tambus.  Orang  tambus  :  a  tribe  of  the  orang 
laid  of  the  Riau  Archipelago. 

^j>^  tgmbus.  Right  through;  penetrated:  per- 
forated through  and  through.  Gowa  itupim 
ternbuS'lah  ka-hmar :  the  cave  extended  right 
through  to  the  other  side;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 
Tembtis  menembus :  through  and  through. 
Bagai  kayu  lempong  di-tebok  kumbang  tembm- 
menembus :  like  light  wood  which  the  beetles 
bore  through  and  through;  lacking  in  firm- 
ness ;  Prov. 

LT^    timbus.     The  filling  up  of  a  hole ;  the  cover- 
ing up  of  anything  so  as  to  cause  it  to  disap- 
pear from  view,     Sungai  t, :  a  river  the  mouth 
of  which  is  blocked  up  by  sand-dunes. 
Timbusi:  to  fill  up,  e,  g,,  a  grave  ;  Ht.  Gh. 

(J^  tumbas.  To  the  very  uttermost ;  to  the  last 
morsel ;  to  the  bitter  end.  Stronger  than 
habis^  q.  v. 

jr^    tembesu.     A  tree,  fagroea  fragrans, 

T.  jantan  :  id.,  polyosma  rmitabile, 

T.  pay  a  :  id.,  alstonia  macrophylla, 

Teras  t. :  the  heart  of  the  tembesu  (by  meta- 
phor) hard-hearted. 

Also  tembusti, 

yuX.    tambang.     I.     The  fare  on  a  boat  or  vessel ; 
^        ferrying  for  money ;  a  ferry-boat.     Pevahu  t.  : 
a  passenger-boat. 

Tambangan :  a  regular  trip.  Di-perbuwat' 
nya  tambangan  pergi  datang :  they  made  a 
regular  run  of  it,  going  backwards  and  for- 
wards; Ht.  Abd.,  368. 

Penambang :  a  ferryman ;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb., 
25 ;  a  passenger  ferried ;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  38. 
Perahu  p, :  a  ferry-boat,  a  passenger-boat ; 
Pel.  Abd.,  8. 

n.  Setting;  placing — in  a  few  expressions 
only.     T.  layar :  setting  sail. 

HI.  The  exposure  of  medicine  (usually  for 
a  night)  prior  to  its  being  taken,  a  practice 
which  is  believed  to  improve  its  efficacy. 


%S    tambong.       Haughty : 
^        tombong,  q.  v. 


overbearing,   usually 


^  tSmbang.  Jav.  A  class  of  songs  ;  a  kind  of 
poetry  sung  by  dancing  girls  (joget)  as  an 
accompaniment  to  dancing.  Lain  bertandak 
sambil  mengidong  dan  menembang :  they 
danced,  chaunting  and  singing ;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed. 


»^    tgmbong.     I.     A  kind  of  quarter-staff  about 

^        six  feet  long.     T,  kemboja  :  a  shorter  variety. 

Tombak  tembong  saperti  chemnclmp  ttimboh  di- 

tengah  padang :  the  spears   and   staves   were 

like  love-grass  growing  in  a  field ;  Ht.  Sh. 

n.  Bh'tembong:  to  obstruct  the  passage  of, 
to  get  in  the  way  of. 

*^    timbang.     Weighing;  estimating  the  weight 

^        of  anything  ;  considering  the  pros  and  cons 

of  a  question  ;  the  weighing  of  the  good  and 

evil   in    the   soul's    account   on    the   Day   of 

Judgment. 

Batu  timbangan :  weights;  measures  of  weight. 

Timbangkan  and  menimbangkan :  to  have  the 
weight  of  anything  taken;  Ht.  Abd.,  369. 
Menimbang:  to  weigh ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  105; 
to  balance  himself  gracefully,  of  a  man's  walk; 
Ht.  Sh. 

Penimbang :  the  weigher.  Penimbang  nyawa : 
a  term  of  endearment ;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  20. 

Timhang-timbangan  is  used  for  timang- 
timangan;  Ht.  Pg.  Put.;  v.  timang. 

^  tombong.  I.  (i)  The  seed-bud  in  a  coco- 
nut shell.  T.  nyior :  id. ;  (2)  a  disease  in  the 
course  of  which  clotted  matter  is  ejected 
through  the  vagina ;  (3)  the  moveable  bottom 
of  the  gobek  tube. 

T.  damar :  damar  embers,  Ikan  t.  damar  : 
a  fish  (unidentified). 

Also  (Kedah)  tumbong. 

H.     Arrogance,  pride,  superciliousness. 

Tombong  laku-nya :  of  arrogant  bearing;  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  369;  Ht.  Mcis.  Ed.;  Ht.  Sh. 
Berbtiwat  tombong:  to  behave  with  objection- 
able freedom;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Also  tambong  and  sombong. 

i-X  tumbang.  Falling  over ;  tumbling  down — of 
^  heavy  massive  objects  only.  Punggor  tumbang 
belatok  menumpang  matt :  the  dead  tree  falls, 
and  the  wood-peckers  living  on  it  perish  in 
the  fall ;  the  fall  of  a  great  man  ruins  his 
dependents;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  69. 

Mennmbangkan :  to  knock  over ;  to  fell ; 
M.  kerbau  lenibti :  to  fell  cattle,  to  have  cattle 
slaughtered  for  a  feast;  Ht.  Koris. 

— i*^    tembop.     (Kedah.)     An  incantation  inflicting 
an  enemy  with  disease  (dropsy), 

jj^    tambak.     Reclamation  (of  land)   by  filling  or 

banking ;  levelling  land  by  filling  up  hollows 
with  earth  brought  from  without.  Gunong 
mas  tambak  permata :  a  mountain  of  gold 
banked  up  with  gems ;  Ht.  Koris ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng. 

Jalan  t, :  a  made  road ;  a  raised  causeway 
running  through  padi-fields. 

Menambak :  to  reclaim  low-lying  land  by 
filling  it  up;  Ht.  Abd.,  235;  Sh.  Bid.  (Leyd.), 
379- 

T.  bukit :  a  plant,  vernoma  cinerea. 


TEMBAK 


[    182    ] 


TIMBUL 


^J^    tembak.     Shooting ;  firing  shots ;   letting  off 
firearms.     Klna  t, :  to  be  shot. 

Menembak  :  to  shoot ;  to  fire  shots.  M.  ber- 
Uirut'turut  tiga  kali :  to  fire  three  volleys  in 
succession  ;  a  fete  de  joie, 

r.  gawar  or  t,  kawar  :  to  fire  into  the  air  at 
night  by  way  of  firightening  away  thieves  and 
bad  characters  from  the  house ;  v.  kawar. 


^jJ,    tembek.     A  close  shot ;  near  the  bull's-eye  in 

shooting ;    striking  the   edge  of  the  hole  in 
playing  marbles. 


^3t^    tSmbok.       1.      Perforated;      rent;     torn,    of 

clothes;  rotten  or  hollow,  of  the  teeth;  eaten 
through  in  places,  of  a  floor  at  which  the 
white  ants  have  been  at  work ;  corroded  by 
rust;  Arabian  Nights,  102. 

IL     Big,  of  the  mons  veneris;  v.  tembam. 


^3t^    tembok.     L     A  stone  or  brick  wall;  a  solid 

wall   of    masonry   as    distinct    from    a   mere 
screen  or  partition. 

Kaki  t. :  the  foundations  of  a  house.  Saperti 
ktwhing  di-atas  tembok :  like  a  cat  on  a  wall ; 
uncertain  or  hesitating  in  one's  movements; 
Prov. 

II.  Menembok  :  to  prevent  hot  water  boiling 
over  by  stirring  it  up  and  destroying  the 
bubbles;  to  cool  a  liquid  by  pouring  it  from 
one  cup  into  another. 


^3t^  timbok.  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  downward  blow 
with  the  flat  of  the  fist  such  as  would  be  given 
by  a  woman  or  an  unskilful  boxer  ;=(Kedah) 
rimbok  ;  cf.  ttmibok  and  tinju. 


^-X    tombak.     A  heavy  lance  or   spear ;    a  pike ; 

as  a  measure  of  length,  the  equivalent  of  two 
depa,  Orang  tuwa  bongkok  pakai  tombak 
rambu  :  an  old  humpback  with  a  fringed  lance; 
a  riddling  description  of  the  lobster. 

r.  kh'ajaan  :  the  spears  of  state  borne  before 
a  Malay  prince;  Sej.  Mai.,  126. 

T.  pengawinan  :  another  kind  of  state  spear  ; 
a  halberd. 

T.   rambu :    a  state   spear   with   a   hanging 
fringe  under  the  spear  head- 

T.  sayang :  a  kind  of  gaff  used  to  closehaul 
the  sail  of  a  boat  when  required. 

r.  senangin :  a  kind  of  harpoon  for  spearing 
the  senangin  fish. 


Tombaki    and    menombaki  - 
MaL,  142. 


to    spear;    Sej. 


^JJC    tumbok.     I.     A  heavy  pounding  blow  with 

the  side  of  the  fist ;  the  giving  of  such  a  blow. 

Di-tnmbok-nya  arang :  he  pounded  down 
charcoal  to  dust ;  Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  28. 

T.  lada  :  a  small  dagger  or  knife, 

T.  rtisok :  (literally)  pounding  in  the  ribs ; 
(by  metaphor)  a  quiet  bribe. 

Memmibok :  to  give  a  pounding  blow ;  to 
pound.  M.  dada :  to  beat  one's  breasts  with 
one's  fists;  Sh.  Bid.,  40;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Penumbok  tembaga  :  a  knuckle-duster. 

1 1.  Ikan  tumbok :  an  edible  marine  fish 
(unidentified).     T.  banir:  a  variety  of  this  fish. 

V-X  tambal.  Jav.  Plastering,  pdiSting  ;=tampal, 
q.  V. 

Li  tambul.  I.  Refreshments^,  especially  (but 
not  necessarily)  drinks.  Mengeluwarkan  tarn- 
bid  lalu  di-niinum  :  refreshments  were  brought 
out  and  were  partaken  of;  Sh.  UL,  18. 

II.  Behasa  tambul:  Tamil,  the  Tamil 
language ;  Ht.  Abd.,  166. 

III.  Bertambid :  to  act.  Menambtdkan :  to 
perform,  as  an  actor.  Penambtd  :  an  actor  or 
juggler. 

^J^    tembel.     A  stye  in  the  eye. 


d^ 


j^ 


timbal.     Equilibrium,  balancing. 

Bertimbalan :  in  rank  and  file;  Sh.  Jub. 
Mai.;  in  equipoise;  in  unison  (of  shouts)  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg.  Saw  ami  yang  tiyada  bertimbalan 
dengan  diya  :  a  husband  who  was  not  in  har- 
mony with  her;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  280. 


timbul.  The  act  of  rising  to  the  surface ; 
emerging  after  submersion ;  appearance  or 
re-appearance  after  concealment.  Untong 
sabut  timbul,  untong  batu  tenggelam :  it  is  the 
lot  of  a  husk  to  float,  it  is  the  lot  of  a  stone 
to  sink;  men  are  not  born  the  same,  and 
grumbling  at  one's  lot  is  useless;  Prov. 
Dapat  Karun  timbul :  to  find  Korah  ( famous 
among  Muhammadans  for  his  wealth)  floating 
on  the  water ;  to  stumble  on  extreme  good 
luck ;   Prov. 

T.  tenggelam :  floating  and  sinking ;  appear- 
ing and  disappearing,  as  the  half  effaced  letter- 
ing on  an  ancient  inscription. 

Btdan  t, :  the  new  moon ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya ; 
Ht.   Ind.   Meng. 

Gambar  t. :  a  statue  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  59. 


I  Used  of  meat,  chickens,  etc. :  Ht.  Mas,  Ed. ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya.  0(  cakes  (penganan  halwa) .  Sh.  Ul,,  16.  Of  arrack: 
Sh.  Bid.,  95.  Oi  arrack  and  other  drinks:  Ht.  Koris  ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Meng.  Of  sherbet :  Ht.  Koris  (two  places).  Unspe- 
cified; Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  lo,  39;  Sh.  Pet.  Akal.  11;  Ht. 
Hamz.,  70;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  14. 


TOMBOL 


[    183    ] 


tSmbuni 


Timbtdkan  :  to  cause  to  emerge,  to  bring  out 
in  evidence.  Timbtdkan  benar  salah  patek  :  to 
bring  out  my  innocence  or  guilt  in  this 
matter;  Ht.  Best. 

Bertimbidan :  floating  on  the  surface  here 
and  there  as  fish  poisoned  by  tuba  root. 

Menimbtdkan :  to  bring  to  eminence  or  pro- 
minence. Anak'hi  sa-orangdah  kelak  yang 
menimbulkan  nama  ayahanda :  my  only  son, 
who  might  have  brought  lustre  on  his  father's 
name ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Penimbtd :  that  which  causes  rise  or  emer- 
gence. P.  raksa  :  that  which  causes  quick- 
silver to  rush  to  a  point ;  the  name  of  a  magic 
art  which  is  believed  to  have  the  effect  of 
causing  mercury  (when  injected  under  the 
skin)  to  rush  to  any  point  where  a  weapon 
may  afterwards  strike  the  skin, — the  mercury 
stopping  the  force  of  a  blow  and  so  giving 
invulnerability;  Muj.,  66.  Kebal  p,:  invul- 
nerability, caused  by  this  charm ;  Sh.  Abd. 
Mk.,  4.  Do'a  p, :  the  charms  the  recitation 
of  which  produces  this  invulnerability. 


^^j^    tomboL     The  knob  on  a  door  or  gong ;   Kl. : 
V.  tonjoL 

Ikan  tombol  mas :  a  fish,  thyrnnus  thtinnina. 


itXS    tembelang.     Rottenness — of  an  egg,  the  un- 
^  soundness  of  an  egg  which  won't  hatch  when 

its  companion  eggs  do,  but  applied  by  meta- 
phor to  unsoundness  of  character.  Nampak 
tembelang-nya :  he  has  shown  himself  a  bad 
egg  ;  he  displays  the  cloven  hoof. 


jtjJ,    tembeliyong.      A    shell ;     better    known    as 
^  ptding  heliyong,  q.  v. 


ysX    tembam.      Prominent   (of  the  mon  veneris): 
\  cf.  tembok. 


^yd    tamban.     A  generic  name  given  to  a  number 
of  fish  of  the  sardine  type. 


(>U  tambun.  Plump;  sleek.  Ttiboh-nya  makin 
sa-hari  makin  tambun  :  he  became  plumper  as 
days  went  on ;  Ht.  Abd.,  328.  Jika  hendak 
akan  tambun  badan  kita :  if  we  desire  to  put  on 
flesh  ;  Muj.,  65. 

In  Kedah  tambun  is  used  in  the  sense  of 
piling  up  (see  timbun),  and  tembun  in  the  sense 
of  plumpness. 


^Mc    t§mban.     Puffy,  prominent  and  soft — of  the 
cheeks;  dilso= tembam,  q.  v. 


^J^^X    tembun.     Plumpness ;  v.  tafnbun. 


CrjX  timbun.  I.  Heaped  up;  a  heap;  heaping 
or  piling  up.  Pasir  sadimbun :  a  heap  of 
sand. 

Bustd  juga  didimbun  anai-anai :  mounds  are 
heaped  up  by  ants  ;  perseverance  effects  great 
results;   Prov. 

Timbunan :  construction  by  heaping  up  or 
piling  up.  Titiyan  timbunan  kayu :  a  narrow 
pathway  formed  by  piling  up  timber;  Ht. 
Ind.  Nata. 

BusiU  duwa  tiga  timbunan :  two  or  three  ant- 
hills; Sej,  Mai.,  9. 

Timbuni ;  iimbunkan  ;  and  menimbunkan  :  to 
heap  up ;  to  pile  up  (anything) ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  149  ;    Ht.  Si  Misk.,  5. 

Bertimbun :  in  a  heap.  Bertimbundimbun  : 
in  heaps  or  piles,  as  merchandise  on  a  wharf, 
Ht.  Abd.,  266;  or  as  bodies  on  a  battlefield, 
Sej.  MaL,  83 ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Tertimbun  :  arranged  in  a  heap;  heaped  up ; 
Sej.  MaL,  9.  Di-pertimbun :  having  been  so 
heaped ;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  10. 

See  also  tambun. 


yS.  timbau.  Addition  to  length  or  height ; 
lengthening,  e.  g.,  as  the  lengthening  of  a 
pair  of  trowsers  by  the  addition  of  a  patch  of 
cloth  at  the  extremities,  or  as  an  increase,  by 
building,  to  the  freeboard  of  a  boat. 

Papan  t, :  (Penan g)  one  of  the  loftier  planks 
placed  horizontally  in  the  construction  of  a 
boat,  =  (Singapore)  papan  terapit, 

Pcrahu  t.  :  a  boat  to  which  additional  free- 
board has  been  given. 

^jr^  tembosa.  (Pers  ?)  folding  up.  Lipat  t.  :  id. 
Kuweh  lipat  t, :  a  kind  of  native  made  puff; 
pastry  with  meat  inside,  the  pastry  being 
folded  over  the  meat. 


y^yX     tSmbUSU.      A 

tembesu,  q.  v. 


tree,    fragrcea    fmgrans ;   also 


jj: 


tembokor.     A   metal  bowl.     Also  bokor,  q.  v. 


yJ>  tdmbuku.  A  knob,  a  hard  projection ;  those 
portions  of  the  ribs  of  a  perahu  jalor  which  are 
allowed  to  project  above  the  gunwale  so  as  to 
allow  of  planking  being  afterwards  added  if 
more  freeboard  is  found  necessary. 

1\  tangan :  the  hard  knuckle-like  projection 
at  the  wrist  joint. 

Cf.    buku, 

llLjX  tSmbolok.  The  crop  of  a  bird;  the  first 
stomach  of  a  ruminant.  A  sal  berisi  tembolok 
senang  hati :  only  fill  his  crop  and  he  is  quite 
happy ;  Prov. 


J^    tSmbuni,     The  caul ;  the  covering  of  a  child 
-  when  born.     T.  kechil :  the  placenta. 


TAMBAH 


[    184    ] 


TiMBEKAR 


*UC  tambah.  Addition ;  continuation ;  increase 
by  continuation.  Nasi  tambah :  a  second  help- 
ing of  rice — rice  passed  round  in  the  middle 
of  a  meal,  to  allow  persons  who  have  begun 
by  not  taking  enough  to  replenish  their  plates. 
Buwat  nasi  tambah :  (by  metaphor)  to  have 
concubines  as  well  as  wives :  J.S.A.S.,  IIL,  26. 

Tambahan  ptda  and  bertambah  pula  :  further- 
more ;  the  more. 

Irndni   khdtih   lagi   berdosa, 

Bertambah  piila   kita  yang  jahil : 

when    even    priests   and   deacons  sin,  much 
more  then  must  we,  the  ignorant  laity.     Prov. 

Tambahi  :  to  make  an  addition  to  anything ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  45,  209.  Menambahi :  id,;  Ht. 
Abd.,  232 ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  6. 

Menambah :  to  increase ;  Ht.  Abd.,  183,  186. 
Menambahkan:  id.  Menambahkan  pengata- 
huwan:  to  increase  knowledge;  Ht.  Abd.,  261. 

Penambahan  :  an  addition  ;  a  continuation  ; 
an  appendix.  Sha*ir  penambahan :  a  poem 
added  as  a  sort  of  postscript ;  a  poetic  address 
not  read  with  the  rest  but  added  afterwards ; 
Sh.  Jub.  MaL,  15. 

4^  tamboh  or  tambuh.  Ken  Tambohan,  or  Ken 
Tambuhan  :  the  name  of  the  heroine  of  the 
poem  known  as  the  Sha%r  ken  Tabohan  (or 
Tambtihan),  or  ShaHr  Raden  Mtmteri, 

4Jc  tumboh.  Sprouting  up;  growing  up;  spring- 
ing up — of  plants  ;  bursting  out — of  eruptive 
diseases.  Ta' -tumboh,  mahn-kah  rnelata  :  if  (  a 
plant)  does  not  grow  will  it  creep  along  the 
ground ;  if  a  thing  is  not  true  will  it  be 
repeated  (  ta'-stmggoh,  orang  ta'-kata  )  :  there 
is  no  smoke  without  fire  ;  Prov. 

Tumbohan  :  young  plants ;  sprouts,  Ttimboh- 
tumbohan :  (i)  plants  generally ;  vegetable 
growths  of  all  sorts;  Ht.  Abd.,  104;  (2)  = 
ketumbohany  q.  v,  infra. 

Bertumboh:  (i)  to  sprout  up;  (2)  to  be 
vaccinated.  Barang  di-mana  di-tanam  nes- 
chaya  berttwiboh-lah  iya :  wherever  the  plant 
is  planted,  there  too  will  it  certainly  grow 
up ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  377. 

Penyakit  kettimbohan  (  Ht.  Abd.,  358 ); 
or  tnmboh4umbohan  (Muj.,  70):  small-pox. 
Tanam  ketumbohan :  vaccination ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  358. 

The  small-pox  eruption  has  different  descrip- 
tive names  according  to  the  appearance  of  the 
pustules.  The  principal  names  are :  ketum- 
bohan jintan,  k.  kettimbar,  k.  jagong^  (all  light 
eruptions),  and  k,  lakom,  k,  tapak  kuching,  k, 
ekor  musang,  k,  kacha  ptUeh,  k,  kacha  merah, 
k.  kacha  kilat,  k.  buwah  berembang^  and  k,  diiri 
nangka  (severer  forms).  The  last  is  believed 
to  work  mainly  under  the  surface  and  to  be 
almost  invariably  fatal. 

iS^  tambi.  (Tamil =younger  brother.)  A  form 
of  address  often  used  in  speaking  to  young 
Klings ;  (Straits  Settlements)  an  errand  boy  ; 
a  messenger  ;  a  Kling  generally. 


^ 


^^ 


^^^ 


Bapa-nm   orang   tiyada  berteniu, 
Tambi  dan    China  di-pasar   batu : 

your  father  cannot  be  named  with  certainty, 
he  must  have  been  some  Kling  or  Chinaman 
from  the  markets  ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

tSmbi.  An  elbow  thrust,  an  outward  dig  at 
a  man  or  object  by  one's  side  in  contra- 
distinction to  a  backward  thrust  with  the 
elbow  at  some  one  behind  (sigong), 

tSmberang.  The  stays  or  ropes  which  keep 
the  mast  of  a  boat  firmly  in  position  ;  Sh.  Sri 
Bun.,  9,  22,  46,  47.  T,  lenggang :  stays  from 
the  mast  to  the  nearest  points  of  the  gunwale. 
T,  tiirut:  stays  fastened  to  the  gunwale  behind 
the  mast  so  as  to  protect  it  against  a  forward 
strain.  Kapal  mas  sa-buwah  dengan  sakaliyan 
perkakas-nya  saperti  teniberang  dan  tiyang  dan 
kemtidi :  a  golden  ship  with  all  its  fittings  such 
as  stays  and  masts  and  rudder ;  Ht.  Bakht., 
39.  Putus-lah  temberang  di-tengah  laut :  the 
stays  gave  way  while  we  wxre  at  sea;  Pel. 
Abd.,  10. 

Langit  bertemberang,  bumi  berkelikir :  (the 
skies  as  stays  with  the  earth  as  their  mast- 
ring)  or  langit  berkelikir  bumi  bertemberang  : 
(the  heavens  as  the  mast-ring  and  the  earth 
as  its  stays) :  an  equivalent  for  the  correspond- 
ing expression :  salah-salah  pikir  menjadi 
hamba  orang :  confusion  of  thought  makes 
one  the  slave  of  others;  Prov.,  Sh.  LaiL  Mejn., 
48;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  75. 

tembereng  or  tdmbiring.  A  bit;  a  section 
of  anything;  a  curved  or  sharp  edge.  T, 
tajam :  a  sector  (in  geometry).  T,  panjang  : 
a  zone. 

T,  tangan :  the  outer  edge  of  the  hand,  the 
side  further  from  the  thumb.  T.  kaki :  the 
corresponding  portion  of  the  foot. 

temberak.     A  tree  (unidentified)  ;  Kl. 


temberek.  Potsherds,  broken  earthenware; 
usually  tembekar,  q.  v. 

tembekar  or  tembikar.  Glazed  earthen- 
ware, porcelain,  potsherds ;  bits  of  glazed 
earthenware ;  fragments  of  pottery  ware ; 
broken  crockery.  Di-snrat  'azimat  ini  kapada 
tembekar  periyok  yang  beharu  behani  pechah : 
this  charm  is  to  be  written  on  a  fragment  of 
a  newly-broken  cooking-pot;  Muj.,  72.  Dari- 
pada  tembekar  juga  perbuwatan-nya :  made  of 
porcelain ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Di-mana  pinggan 
pechah  di-situ-lah  tembekar  tinggal :  where  the 
plates  are  broken,  there  the  broken  fragments 
remain,  Prov.  Di-titek  belah  di-palu  belah, 
tembekar  juga  akanjadi-nya:  split  when  tapped, 
and  split  when  struck,  it  must  become  broken 
potter}^  in  any  case  ;  defeat  must  be  accepted 
when  it  is  inevitable;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI., 

34- 

T.  mangkok  :  pieces  of  broken  cups  ;  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  61. 


t£mbikai 


[  185  ] 


TfiMPAUS 


s^ 


tdmbikai.     A  water   melon,   citruUus   edulis. 

Also  (Kedah)  temikai ;  (Riau,  Johor)  men- 
dikai,  k^mendikaiy  and  mendelikai  and  (Patani) 
timun  tembikai. 


tSmbilang.     A  kind  of  spade ;   KL,  (quoting 
from  Abdullah's  dictionary). 


,jLjC    tfimbelok  and   tSmbilok.     A  kind  of  edible 

marine  worm  which  eats  into  wood  exposed 
to  the  action  of  sea  water.  Kulit  tembelok : 
the  shell  of  this  worm.  Aku  memegang  kapak 
dan  beliyong  sa-bilang  hart  membelah  tembelok 
sa-panjang  bakau:  I  take  a  hatchet  and 
chopper  daily  to  break  the  shells  of  the  tem- 
belok worms  along  the  mangroves ;  Ht.  Koris. 
Terlahi'  sangat  nyaman  rasa-nya  thnbelok  bakau 
kunun  nama-nya :  its  taste  is  very  delicious 
and  it  is  known  as  the  tembelok  bakau;  Ht. 
Koris. 


tammat.     [Arab.    <i,  ]      End;    termination. 

Maka  tammat'lah  kitdb  itu  kemtidiyan  di-molai 
pula  mengaji  kitdb :  one  book  finished,  the 
study  of  another  commenced ;  Ht.  Abd.,  53. 
TammatiCl-kalam  :  the  end  of  writing ;  an  ex- 
pression corresponding  to  our*' finis"  at  the 
end  of  a  book ;  Marsd.  Gr.,  141. 

Tammatkan :   to   bring   to   an   end ;   to   ter- 
minate; Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  ^y;  Sh.  Bah.  Sing.,  8. 


tSmot,  or  tfimut.  Temot-mot:  quivering, 
shaking,  used  of  the  throbbing  on  the  head 
of  a  very  young  child  and  of  the  unsteady 
gait  of  extreme  age. 


j^    temStu.     A  tree  (unidentified) ;  Kl. 

Uc    tamthil.     Arab.     Likeness ;  example ;  simile ; 
^        Sh.  Abd.   Mk.,  21 ;   Sh.   Kumb.  Chumb.,  17 ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata,  etc. 


j^   tamjid.     Arab.     Glorification,  praise. 

jl    tamar.     Arab.       Tamar    hindi :     tamarind ; 
Muj.,  49,  57. 

-jmX    tSmas.     I.    (Johor.)    Alarm,  panic;  =  cAemas, 
q.  v. 

n.  (Riau.)  A  form  of  poulticing,  by  apply- 
ing hot  ashes  to  the  affected  part; — rather 
less  forcible  than  dimahy  q.  v. 

jSsji    tSmdnggong.     The  title  of  an  exalted  Malay 
^  official  ranking  next  to  the  bendahara  at  Riau ; 

Ht.  Abd.,  197,  421 ;  Ht.  Sh.,  etc. 

r.  melela,  or  t,  di4engah  kampong :  (Kedah) 
a  name  given  to  a  plant,  the  gandarusa. 


JU; 


tSmpa.  Fabrication  by  hammering ;  working 
in  metal  by  means  of  the  hammer.  Puteh 
kuning  saperti  emas  tenipawan :  light  yellow 
like  beaten  gold ;  (light  yellow  being  the  com- 
plexion most  admired  by  Malay  poets) ;  Cr. 
Gr.,  79.  Slmas  tempawan :  a  term  of  endear- 
ment ;  an  equivalent  of  ptiteh  kuning :  my  fair 
one ;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  28 ;  Cr.  Gr.,  43. 

Tempaan:  worked,  wrought  (of  a  garment), 
Sh.  Bid.  (Leyd.),  284. 


timpa.  Dropping  down  upon ;  falling  down 
upon,  of  substances  falling  through  space  and 
not  merely  stumbling  or  falling  over.  Ada 
lima  empat  orang  telah  mail  di4impa  batu  kota 
itu :  four  or  five  men  perished  struck  by  fall- 
ing fragments  of  the  fort;  Ht.  Abd.,  66, 
Latit  mana  ta'-berombak,  bumi  rnana  ta' -timpa 
hujan :  what  sea  has  no  waves,  on  what  part 
of  the  earth  does  rain  never  fall ;  it  is  a  long 
lane  that  has  no  turning;  Prov.  Ludah  ka- 
langit  timpa  batang  hidong  sendiri :  if  you  spit 
at  heaven  the  saliva  will  fall  on  your  own 
nose;  a  dirty  action  often  injures  its  per- 
petrator more  than  any  one  else ;  Prov.  Lagi 
jatoh  di-timpa  tangga :  he  falls  and  the  ladder 
falls  on  him  as  well ;  misfortune  on  misfor- 
tune; Prov. 

T.  rasa  or  t,  perasan :  to  bear  the  brunt,  to 
incur  the  evil  consequences  (where  another 
gets  the  pleasure).  Mata  memandang  apa 
hendak  sakit;  bahu  yang  memiktd  timpa  perasan : 
what  does  it  matter  to  the  eye  that  sees  it, 
it  is  the  shoulder  that  carries  it  which  has 
to  bear  the  burden ;  Prov.  Permaisuri  raja 
berurap-urapaUf  Upas  di-dinding  timpa  perasan : 
when  a  queen  perfumes  herself  at  her  toilet, 
it  is  the  poor  cockroaches  on  the  wall  who 
suffer  the  consequences  (by  being  killed); 
Prov. 

Menimpa:  to  strike  in  one's  fall;  to  fall  upon. 
KayUf  kaytc,  mengapa  kau  basah  ? — Bagaimana 
ta^-basah,  hujan  menimpa  aku  ?  Wood,  wood, 
how  comes  it  that  you  are  wet  ? — How  can  I 
avoid  being  wet  when  the  rain  keeps  dropping 
on  me? 

Di-timpa  datdat :  crushed  by  the  royal  power 
(of  dead  kings) — used  of  the  curse  which  a 
prince's  ancestors  are  believed  still  to  keep 
hanging  over  a  degenerate  descendant.  Di- 
timpa  keramat:  crushed  by  the  curse  of  a 
saint,  e,  g,,  as  a  man  who  is  punished  by  the 
unseen  powers  for  sacrilege ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
33- 


tSmpala.  A  sudden  hop  or  spring  made  by  a 
pelandok  before  it  fights — allowing  Malays  to 
bet  which  of  two  pelandok  will  be  first  to  hop. 

Ikan  t. :  a  fish  (unidentified),  Kl. 


lTJ 


,\jtc    tSmpaus.     Ikan  tempaus :  a  whale.     Also  pans, 

Pokok  t. :  (Kedah)   a  tree  yielding  a  white 
sap  (unidentified). 


2d 


TfiMPAWAN 


[    i86    ] 


TAMPANG 


fJtyM    tfimpawan.     Hammered,  beaten  ;  v.  tempa. 


.Ux 


\i£ 


t^mpayak.     The  larvae  of  bees,  wasps  or  ants. 


Ot^**"  tSmpayan,  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  large  earthen- 
ware jar,  such  as  a  Siamese  or  Shanghai 
jar.  Sa-biji  t, :  one  of  these  jars  ;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah.  Minyak  babi  sa4empayan  :  a  jar  of  lard ; 
Sej.  MaL,  153.  Kalau  ku  buka  tempayan  budu 
beharu  tahu :  if  I  open  the  jar  of  pickled  fish 
every  one  will  then  know  its  contents  (by 
their  vile  smell) ;  if  I  reveal  these  facts,  every 
one  will  know  your  bad  character;  Prov. 
Jangan  di-dBngar  guroh  di4angit,  ayer  Umpa- 
yan  adinda  churahkan :  do  not  empty  out 
the  water-jars  on  hearing  the  thunder  roll ; 
do  not  count  on  rain  till  it  comes  or  on  your 
chickens  till  they  are  hatched;  Prov.,  Sh. 
Kumb.  Chumb.,  20.  Pechah  buyong  tempayan 
ada  :  if  the  buyong  (a  jar)  is  broken,  the  tempa- 
yan  (another  kind  of  jar)  remains ;  if  one  girl 
leaves  you,  many  remain  to  be  wooed ;  Prov. 

1\  tapak  gajah :  a  tempayan  jar,  if  cylindrical 
in  shape,  and  even  in  width  throughout. 

T.  telor  buwaya :  such  a  jar  if  it  bulks  out 
in  the  centre  and  is  narrower  at  the  top  and 
bottom. 

Also  (Kedah)  tcpayan. 


v.1^  tSmpat.  Place  ;  the  place  where  anything  is 
stored,  or  is  to  be  found,  or  is  habitually 
occurring.  T,  mengaji :  a  school.  T.  dawat : 
an  inkstand.  T,  sireh :  a  sireh  box.  T.  ke- 
diidokan  Temenggong :  the  Temenggong's 
residence. 


<^1-*^    tSmpit.     (Kedah.)      A   cheer,   cheering; 
Berm.  Shahd.     Better  tempek,  q.  v. 


Ht. 


^■*^^  tumpat.  Stopped  up ;  filled  up — usually  of  a 
hollow.  Penoh  tumpat  serambi :  the  verandah 
was  choked  up  (with  people) ;  Sh.  Peng.,  14. 
Tumpat  tiyada  bersila  lagi :  full  without  a  gap 
anyw^here;  Sej.  Mai.,  152.  Tumpat4ah  pa- 
dang:  the  plain  was  covered  (with  them);  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub. 

r.  tumpul:  quite  full,  choked  up,  an  intensi- 
tive  of  tumpat,     Penoh  t, :  id. ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Menumpat:  to  fill  up;  to  stop  a  gap^ — ^*  g'> 
as  a  man  stops  up  a  hole  in  the  wall  by  filling 
it  with  clay  or  plaster;  Ht.  KaL  Dam.,  377, 


jix,  tampar.  A  slap ;  a  forcible  blow  with  the 
flat  of  the  hand — stronger  than  tepok  (which 
is  not  a  blow  given  with  intent  to  hurt). 

Tamparan:  the  giving  of  a  slap;  Sh.  Lail. 
Mejn.,  36;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  142. 

1\  nyamok :  the  place  where  one  slaps  at 
mosquitoes,  the  shoulder  blade;  Ht.  Abd.,  61, 

Tampan:  to  give  a  slap ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg., 
13  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  47.  Mlnampar  :  id. ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  170,  355. 


yiJi    tompor.      Scattered,    lost   through    leakage; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg.     Also  temperas,  and  tempuras. 


i^^  tSmpdras.  Spread  or  scattered  about  by 
leakage;  lost  through  a  hole  or  crack,  as 
when  rice  is  carried  in  a  leaky  sack.  Also 
tempuras,  and  tompor. 


aJi    tfimperau.     Angry  replies;  surly  answers;  Kl. 


U*Jx  tampas.  I.  The  lopping  off  of  a  slight  pro- 
jection, as  one  cuts  off  the  stumps  of  old 
branches  from  a  stick,  or  chops  off  the  side  of 
a  coco-nut  preparatory  to  drinking  its  con- 
tents. 

n.     Blowing  in,  of  wind  entering  a  house. 


^j^  timpas.  Ebb-tide ;  the  withdrawal  of  water 
by  a  tide.  T.  perbani :  the  stage  of  the  tide  at 
which  it  is  nearly  but  not  quite  run  out. 
T.  pernama  :  low  tide  at  full  moon ;  extreme 
low  tide.  Saperti  pasir  dt4epi  pantai,  ayer  tim- 
pas buleh  di-behagikan :  like  the  beach,  which 
can  be  divided  at  low  tide  only ;  decision 
requires  prolonged  observation ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  63. 

Surut  refers  to  the  tidal  outflow,   timpas  to 
the  state  of  low  water. 


jj^  timpus.  Disproportionate  narrowness  in 
some  particular,  as  in  the  case  of  a  boat  with 
little  beam  though  great  draught,  or  of  a  man 
with  broad  chest  and  narrow  hips. 


^jA*AX  tumpas.  Through  ;  utterly ;  head  over  heels, 
of  a  fall.  Jatoh  t. :  falling  over  and  over,  as 
a  man  struck  down  by  a  massive  object,  Sh. 
Raj.  Haji.,  185  ;  come  hopelessly  to  grief,  as  a 
business  house  that  has  failed  with  no  assets 
and  «:reat  liabilities. 


iic    tampang.     I.      Flat.      Penampang:    the  flat 
^        side  of  anything;  Sej.  MaL,  189. 

n.     A  tree,  artocarpus  gomeziana, 
T,  burong :  id. ^jficus  vasculosa, 

HI.  Cutting  and  fastening  up,  as  Malay 
doctors  cut  and  fasten  the  umbilical  cord,  or 
as  the  arteries  are  fastened  up  after  an  ampu- 
tation, or  of  a  small  bunch  of  padi  being 
fastened  up  for  manuring  after  it  is  taken  from 
the  nursery. 

IV.  A  coin  or  tin  token.  Sa-tampang  jong- 
kong :  a  hollow  tin  token  used  as  a  coin  in 
Trengganu  and  other  East  Coast  States.  5^^- 
tampang  roman :  a  block  of  similar  shape  but 
not  hollow.  £nam  betas  tampang  sa-ringgit: 
sixteen  tampang  go  to  a  dollar ;  Pel.  Abd.,  17. 


TAMPONG 


[    187    ] 


TAMPOK 


JAS  tampong.  I.  Patching — when  an  old  suit 
^"  is  patched  with  new  cloth  so  that  the  patch 
is  very  visible ;  replacing  part  of  the  plank- 
ing of  the  floor  with  new  wood ;  a  patch  of 
unusual  colouring  on  the  face  due  to  a  burn 
or  any  similar  cause ;  cf.  tampal  and  tampoL 
Tujoh  gudang  yang  ada  tampong:  seven 
godowns  which  had  patches  on  them  (had 
been  patched  up). 

T.  best :  a  plant,  callicarpa  longifolia, 

r.  besi  puteh  :  a  plant,  callicarpa  cana. 

T,  hart :  the  name  of  a  venomous  snake. 

Akar  t,  hart:  a  climbing  shrub,  erycibe 
angulata. 

Badakt.:  (Kedah)  a  tapir  ;=  ( Riau,  Johor) 
tenok.  Sayang  anak  badak  tampong,  chuchu 
kunun  badak  raya :  it  is  a  pity  that  the  child 
should  be  a  tapir  and  the  grandchild  a  royal 
rhinoceros ; — a  reflection  upon  a  man's  pater- 
nity; Prov. 

Ikan  t, :  a  kind  offish  with  piebald  markings  ; 
Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  9. 

Lembu  t, :  an  ox  with  a  large  patch  of  colour 
on  it  other  than  its  usual  tint. 

Bertampong :  marked  with  a  patch  of  darker 
or  lighter  colouring,  as  the  skin  after  an 
eruption  or  other  similar  cause ;  Sh.  Jur. 
Bud.,  43. 

11.  Catching  anything  before  it  falls  to 
earth,  as  boys  playing  try  to  catch  a  ball 
thrown  from  hand  to  hand,  or  as  one  might 
try  to  catch  a  falling  fruit  to  prevent  its  being 
injured  by  the  fall.     Tahan  t. :  id. 

Luroh  biiwah  di-tahan  tampong^ 
Jatoh   terletak   tiyada   merekah: 

when  a  fruit  falls  intercept  its  fall ;  it  will  fall 
gently  and  will  not  be  split  in  its  fall. 

4a£    tempang   or  timpang.     Chronic   lameness; 

^  permanently  maimed  in  the  lower  limbs ;  halt ; 
limping.  Tempang4empang  berjalan :  to  go 
limping;  Ht.  Abd.,  67,  353,  462,  etc. 
Tempang  sa-belah  :  lame  in  one  foot ;  Sh,  Bur. 
Nuri,  24.  Orang  buta  dan  chapek  dan  herut 
tempang :  the  blind,  the  halt  and  the  twisted  ; 
Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.  Orang  tempang  jangan  di-jajat, 
ingat'ingat  hart  belakang :  do  not  mimic  the 
man  who  is  lame  ;  remember  the  future  before 
you  ;  Prov. 


%ii   tgmpong. 


coral. 


Kerang  tempong  :    the  mushroom 


«AJC    tlimpong.     I.     Throwing  at  a  mark,  as  dis- 

^        tinct  from  merely  throwing  away  or  throwing 

for  the  sake  of  seeing  how  far  a  thing  will  go. 

Sapeiii  tempong  menuju  jih  :  like  throwing  at 
a  target  (of  a  man  who  goes  straight  to  the 
point);  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  59. 

11.  A  push  at  right  angles;  pushing  off,  as 
one  pushes  off  a  boat  from  the  bank  when  it 
approaches  too  near  it  when  poling  up  or 
down  stream. 


tiunpang.  Lodging ;  temporary  residence ; 
attaching  oneself  temporarily  to  anything  for 
shelter  or  protection  ;  living.  £mpama  burong 
tumpang  beramai  kawan  yang  banyak :  like  birds 
which  live  in  numbers  and  travel  in  flocks ; 
Prov, 

Tumpangan :  temporary  lodging  or  shelter ; 
Sh.  Lamp.,  29.  Kapal  t, :  a  passenger  ship; 
Pel.  Abd.,  133.  Orang  t,  or  orang  menumpang: 
passengers;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  IIL,  64. 

Menumpang :  to  lodge ;  to  take  a  passage 
by;  to  shelter  under;  to  attach  oneself  to 
(temporarily).  Menumpang  ka-selat :  to  take 
a  passage  to  Singapore;  Ht.  Abd.,  217. 
Menumpang  dengan  kafilah :  to  attach  oneself 
to  a  caravan ;  to  join  a  caravan  for  the  journey; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  231. 

Tuwan   empama  payong   negeri, 
Buleh  menumpang  panas  pagi : 

you,  Sir,  are  like  the  sun-shade  of  the  town, 
under  whom  we  may  take  shelter  from  the 
heat  of  the  morning, 

Tuwan   laksaita  permata   intan^ 

Sehaya  menumpang  akan  chehaya-nya: 

you  are  like  the  diamond  ;  I  dwell  in  its  light. 


tSmpap.  The  bringing  down  of  the  flat  of 
the  hand  on  anything ; — stronger  than  telempap 
or  pelempapy  which  mean  the  mere  laying  of 
the  flat  of  the  hand.     See  also  hempap. 


,^yd    tsimpak.      Visibility ;      vision ;      visible ;     cf. 

nampak,  Tampak-nya  sa-rupa  mas :  its  look 
was  like  that  of  gold;  Bint.  Tim.,  22  Feb.y 
1895.  Payong  puteh  itu  tampak  dari  jauh  :  the 
white  umbrella  can  be  seen  from  a  distance ; 
Sej.  MaL,  91. 

Tampakkan  :  to  see  ;  Ht.  Koris.     Mempertam- 
pakkan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Best. 

,3^    tampek.     Faultfinding;  abusing  for  any  fault. 


^iiC  tampok.  The  little  Ieaf4ike  formation  be- 
tween the  fruit  and  the  stalk  ;  the  remains  of 
the  leaf  that  once  enfolded  the  budding  fruit ; 
the  button  at  the  top  of  a  cap  ;  the  central 
point  of  converging  lines  ;  cf.  tapok, 

T.  tabu  :  the  small  piece  of  stalk  on  a  pump- 
kin ;  the  point  of  connection  between  a  gourd 
and  its  stalk ;  (by  metaphor)  a  name  given  to 
false  hermaphroditism  through  enlargement 
of  the  clitoris.  Main  tampok  labu :  (Riau, 
Johor)  amor  lesbicus ;  =  (Kedah)  main  abau. 

r.  pelita  :  the  ornamental  circle  in  the  ceiling 
from  the  centre  of  which  a  hanging  lamp  is 
suspended. 

T.  susu :  the  dark  circle  round  the  teat. 

Ikan  tampok'tampok  :  a  fish  ;  gerres  oblongus. 


t£mpek 


[    i88    ] 


TfiMPUWA 


^ 

Ji 


y^ 


^ 


J^ 


J" 


{,Jr^ 


tdmpek.     A  cheer ;  a  loud  shout ;  a  shout  of 

menace ;  the  cries  of  an  army  on  achieving 
some  success.  T.  sorak:  id.,  Sej.  Mai.,  15; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.,  etc.  Harimau  bMempek,  ta'- 
makan  orang :  a  tiger  that  menaces  but  does  not 
eat  men;  his  bark  is  worse  than  his  bite;  Pro  v. 

tompek.     A  kind  of  thick  cake  of  sago ;  Kl. 

In  Kedah,  sa4ompek  is  used  for  a  small  quan- 
tity ;  =  sa-dikit, 

tompok.     A  small  heap  ;  distribution  in  small 

heaps  ;  cf,  timhun  and  tonggok, 

Sa-tompok :  a  small  heap.  Sa4ompok  di-sini  sa- 
tompok  di'Sana:  a  heap  here,  a  heap  there;  Pel. 
Abd.,  15.     Bertompok-tompok  :   in  small  heaps. 

tampal.  Plastering  ;  pasting  ;  posting  up  ; 
sticking  adhesive  material  on  anything  as 
plaster  is  put  on  a  sore,  (Muj.,  81)  ;  or  as  a 
notice  is  posted  up  on  a  wall,  (Ht.  Abd.,  276) ; 
or  as  caulking  is  put  into  the  leaking  seams  of 
an  old  boat. 

Daun  t,  best:  a  medicinal  herb.  Also  daun 
sulap. 

Tampalkan  :  to  stick  on ;  to  paste  on ;  to 
make  a  plaster  of;  Ht.  Abd.,  226. 

Tampal  is  also  used  of  patching,  (Sh.  Jur. 
Bud.,  26)  when  a  new  piece  of  cloth  is  sewn 
over  an  old  perforated  one,  the  piece  not  being 
removed  ;  superimposition,  not  substitution  ; 
cf,  tampong, 

taxnpil.  Advance — especially  in  the  sense  of 
one  or  more  warriors  leaving  the  ranks  and 
charging  the  enemy;  Ht,  Sg.  Samb.,  Sej. 
Mai.,  15;  or  of  one  man  coming  forward  out 
of  a  group;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  104. 

tempel.  Close  approach  ;  joining  ;  close  asso- 
ciation. Jangan  beriempel  dengan  diya:  don't 
go  near  him.  D aging  menempel :  strawberry 
growth,  warts. 

tumpuL  Bluntness  ;  loss  of  sharpness  ;  blunt 
as  the  blade  of  any  instrument  or  weapon 
such  as  a  knife  or  chopper ;  (by  metaphor) 
dull,  silly,  Ht.  Jah.,  10 ;  Arabian  Nights,  54. 
Usahkan  tajam  makin  tumpul :  so  far  from  get- 
ting sharp,  it  became  blunter  ;  Ht.  Abd,,  483. 
Parang  ta'-tahti  di-ttimpul-nya :  the  chopper 
does  not  know  its  own  bluntness ;  that  man 
does  not  known  his  own  deficiencies;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  54. 

tSmpSlak.     Twitting  a  person  with  opinions 

or  conduct  which  the  issue  has  shown  to  be 
mistaken ;  teasing  a  person  after  the  event. 

MenempUak  :  to  twit  in  this  way. 

Thus,  when  Abdullah  learnt  EngHsh, 
expecting  the  knowledge  to  be  profitable,  and 
the  English  left  Malacca,  his  friends  twitted 
him  (UmpHak)  with  his  mistake ;  Ht.  Abd., 
191.  But  when  the  English  resumed  posses- 
sion of  Malacca,  it  was  Abdullah's  turn  to 
twit  his  friends ;  Ht.  Abd.,  272.  TBmpelak 
does  not  refer  to  teasing  in  any  other  sense. 


J^ 


tampan.  I.  Handsome;  appropriate;  pros- 
perous, fortunate  (Sh.  Si.  Lemb.,  6); 
brilliantly  effective;  gorgeous  in  appearance 
as  an  officer  in  dress  uniform  (Ht.  Abd.,  223) ; 
or  as  a  king  in  his  royal  robes  (Sh.  Lail. 
Mejn.,  9  ).  Tiyada4ah  tampan  menjadi  padh'i  : 
he  did  not  seem  to  suit  his  holy  office ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  371. 

Memakai  pedang  sangat  tampan:  wearing  a 
sword  in  an  imposing  way ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  26. 

Tampan4ampan :  (Riau)  a  napkin  or  shoul- 
der cloth  usually  of  yellow  silk,  worn  by  court 
officials  at  a  state  audience ;  usually  ietampan, 
q.  V. 

n.  The  act  of  stopping  a  rolling  ball  with 
one's  foot ;  barring  the  passage  to  a  rolling  or 
moving  object.  Kubu  di-hadapan  menjadikan 
tampan :  the  stockade  in  front  serves  to  bar 
the  passage  (to  the  cannon-balls). 

tampin.  A  kind  of  parcel  made  of  leaves  and 
used  for  holding  sago.  Saga  t. :  pearl  sago ; 
Pel.  Abd.,  78. 

tampxin.  (Pahang)  Folding  together,  coming 
together  in  a  bunch ;  cf.     chantum. 

Taniptm  is  used  of  a  handkerchief  being  folded 
so  that  its  corners  meet  in  a  point.  Chantum 
or  chentiim  of  its  being  folded  and  tied  below 
the  corners,  the  corners  being  then  allowed 
to  hang  loose. 

tampu.  The  breadth  of  the  hand  used  as  a 
measure  of  length,  Kl. ;  v.  peUmpap,  telempap 
and  tempap. 

tempo.  Port.  Time,  especially  in  the  sense 
of  a  further  allowance  of  time  for  a  payment 
or  for  the  performance  of  any  work.  Minta  i. : 
to  ask  for  an  extension  of  time. 

Tempokan :  to  postpone,  to  allow  time ; 
Majm.  al-Ahk.,  13. 

tumpu.  Pressure  on  some  particular  spot; 
the  centre  of  effort ;  a  firm  footing  on  any- 
thing. Melompat  bersatumpu :  to  jump  with 
one  effort  (used  of  standing  jumps  only,  not 
of  a  running  jump).  Bodoh  orang  Menang- 
kabauyang  tiyada  menumpu  laut :  stupid  are 
the  men  of  Menangkabau  who  have  no  footing 
on  the  sea ;  Prov. 

Beiiumpu :  to  have  a  footing  or  fixed  rest 
anywhere  with  a  view  to  making  an  effort. 
Bertumpu4ah  gunong  yang  besar  besar :  he 
firmly  propped  himself  against  some  mighty 
mountains  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Bertumpu  is  also 
used  of  the  midwife  resting  her  feet  against 
the  patient's  body  while  performing  her 
duties,  cf.  Sej.  Mai.,  64. 

Tempat  tnmptman :  the  place  for  **  taking  off" 
in  jumping  ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama  (  Maxw.),  58. 

Tump%i4umpuwan :  a  boundary. 

tSmpuwa.    The  weaver  bird ;  Pel.  Abd.,  94. 
Ikan  t. :  a  freshwater  fish,  barbus  apogon. 


TfeMPURAS 


[    189    ] 


TAMPI 


^JJ^    tSmpiiras.     Lost     or     scattered     about    by 
leakage  ;  see  temperas. 


P\JJ^  tSmporong  or  tSmpurong.  A  piece  of  coco- 
nut shell  with  the  fibrous  husk  adhering  to  it ; 
a  shell  like  covering  such  as  the  cranium ; 
(rarely)  to  rub  with  a  fibrous  bit  of  coco-nut 
shell.  Katak  di-bawah  tempurong :  a  frog 
beneath  a  coco-nut  shell — i.e,,  in  a  world  of 
its  own  in  which  it  is  the  most  important 
figure;  narrow-nfinded  conceit;  Prov.,  Ht. 
Abd.,  469,  486,  Pel.  Abd.,  24 ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ; 
J.S.A.S,  XXIV.,  no.  Suroh  tempurong  mulut  : 
order  his  mouth  to  be  rubbed  with  coco-nut 
husk  ;  Ht.  Best. 

T.  kepala :  the  skull  and  scalp, 

r.  luttit :  the  knee  cap ;  the  fore  part  of  the 
knee. 

r.  rabdb :  the  body  of  a  viol ;  the  hollow 
drum-like  portion  of  musical  instrument  of  the 
guitar  and  violin  type ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama. 

Sisek  t, :  the  logger  head  turtle ;  thalassochelys 
caretta. 

3j>*^    tSmporok.      A  piece  of  a  coco-nut  used  in 

playing  certain  children's  games  ;  better  porok^ 
q.  V. 

Cf.  tempurong, 
4JC    tSmpolong.     A  spittoon  ;  Kl. 


tfimpuling.  A  sort  of  trident  for  spearing 
certain  fish  as  the  tenibok.  The  three  points 
are  barbed,  the  inner  being  rather  shorter 
than  the  outer  and  being  barbed  on  both 
sides,  while  the  outer  points  are  barbed  on 
the  outer  side  only. 

Terubok   kena  tempulingf 

Siyakap   datang   bertanya ; 
Didalam   telok   ayer-nya  hening, 

Siapa  chakap   mandi  di-sana: 

the  terubok  fish  was  speared,   and  the  siyakap 
came  to  make  enquiries  after  it. 


^jiaic    tdmponek.      A  plant ;  the  monkey -jack,  arto- 
carpus  rigida.     Also  tempunai. 

^j|^    tempunai.    A  plant,  artocarpus  rigida ;  J .  I .  A. , 
I.,  330  ;  V.  temponek. 


iSj^  tSmpuwi.  A  tree  yielding  an  edible  fruit 
much  prized  by  natives  ;  baccaurea  malayana ; 
J.S.A.S.,  VHL,  131,  Ht.  Abd.,  385,  387;  Ht. 
Sh.  Mard. 

iajl    t§mpoyong.     A  plant  (unidentified). 

XjJJ  tSmpoyak.  A  preserve  made  of  salted 
durian;  Pel.  Abd.,  37. 


4ix  tfimpah.  Engagement  in  advance ;  the  se- 
curing of  any  person's  services  by  the  payment 
of  an  advance — more  especially  applied  to 
securing  the  services  of  a  midwife,  but  also 
applied  to  the  engagement  of  a  dancing  girl 
or  to  a  contract  for  making  a  keris. 
Penempah  bidan :  the  fee  paid  in  advance  to 
a  midwife. 

AaC  tSmpoh.  A  charge ;  a  violent  onslaught ;  the 
collision  of  a  rapidly  moving  body  with  a 
relatively  stationary  one,  Menempoh :  to  charge, 
to  assault,  to  storm.  Raja  Chulan  menempoh 
dengan  gajah-nya  ka-dalam  raHyyat  raja  Suran : 
Raja  Chulan  charged  on  his  elephant  into  the 
midst  of  the  troops  of  Raja  Suran;  Sej.  Mai., 
18.  Bertempoh-tempohan  sama  sendiri-nya  : 
charging  each  other  alternately;  Ht,  Sh. 

Aix  timpoh.  The  attitude  of  sitting  on  the  ground 
with  the  two  legs  turned  to  the  right  and  bent 
back  under  the  body  while  the  left  hand  rests 
on  the  floor ;  sitting  as  a  Malay  woman  sits. 

Bertimpoh :  in  this  attitude ;  to  sit  in  this 
attitude ;  J.  I.  A.,  I.,  330 ;  Ht.  Koris.  Bertim- 
poh rapat:  id.,  with  the  feet  brought  close  in  ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  10 ;  Sh.  UL,  8. 
Bertinipohan  :  id.,  frequentative — of  many 
people  sitting  in  this  way  ;  Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  30. 
Makan  bertimpoh  luttit  terdiri :  to  eat  when  sit- 
ting in  an  attitude  having  the  knee  of  one  leg 
raised  and  the  other  leg  stretched  out ;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg. 

Axk  tumpah.  Spilling ;  spilt ;  poured  out — not 
necessarily  in  any  great  quantity  but  rather 
more  than  the  spilling  expressed  by  titek. 
Biyar  titek  jangan  tumpah :  let  a  little  drop, 
don't  go  pouring  it  out ;  do  things  gradually ; 
violence  often  defeats  its  own  ends;  Prov., 
J.S.A.S.  III.,  25.  Sadikit  tidak  di-beri  tumpah: 
he  did  not  allow  any  of  it  to  be  spilt ;  Sh. 
Abd.  Mk.,  22. 

T.  ruwah:  poured  out  in  masses;  thrown 
out ;  jerked  out  carelessly  anywhere,  as  dis- 
tinct from  a  careful  discharge  or  removal ;  Pel. 
Abd.,  155. 

Tempat  aku  t,  darah :  my  birth-place ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  12. 

^  tampi.  The  process  of  winnowing  by  tossing 
up  and  down ;  separating  the  chaff  and  rice 
by  a  jerky  upward  motion ;  cf.  tinting  and 
indang. 

Menampi:  to  winnow;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  50, 
57.  M,  dada :  heaving,  of  the  breasts ;  Sh, 
Lail.  Mejn,,  6.  Jikalau  menampi  jangan  tum- 
pah padi-nya :  when  you  are  winnowing  do 
not  spill  the  padi ;  when  you  do  anything,  do 
it  with  care;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  50. 

Kalau  padi   kata  padi; 

Jangan  sehaya  tertampi-tampi ; 
Kalau  jadi,   kata  jadi; 

Jangan  sehaya  ternanti-nanii : 

if  it  is  padi,  say  it  is  padi;  do  not  let  me 
continue  winnowing ;  if  it  is  so,  say  it  is  so, 
do  not  keep  me  waiting  and  waiting. 


TEMPE 


[    190    ] 


tIjmurun 


^    tempe.     Jav.      A   kind   of  dish ;    beans   pre- 
pared in  a  certain  way. 

jXiE  tSmpedak,  (A  term  of  abuse.)  Filthy,  loath- 
some. 

J^  tempiyar.  Bertempiyar :  scattering  in  all 
directions,  as  a  flock  of  chickens  or  a  crowd 
of  men  on  the  aproach  of  danger;  Fut.  Sh., 
85.  Bertempiyaran  iya  di-dalam  hutan : 
scattered  about  the  forest ;  Sh.  Sh.  AL,  38. 

j,i/*^    tSmperas.     A  kind  of  black   insect  or  bug, 
"         found  in  the  jungle,   and  the  bite  of  which 
causes  a  slight  swelling ;  cf.  iungau, 

Mj'^Jis.  tfimpiyas.  Beating  in,  of  rain ;  coming  in 
through  an  open  window  or  other  aperture  ; 
cf.  biyas  ov  piyas. 


tSmpeleng.  A  box  on  the  ears ;  a  violent 
blow  with  the  open  hand  ;  cf.  sepak^  lepak  and 
tampar. 


i^j^^  tfimpinis.  L  The  name  of  a  tree  yielding 
a  hard  durable  wood,  sloetia  sideroxylon. 
Slight  variations  or  states  of  the  plant  are 
known  as  t,  merah,  t,  kerong,  t,  puteh  and  f, 
hitmn. 

This  wood  is  a  proverbial  simile  for  hardness. 
Sa-kechil-kechil  kayu  tetnpinis,  teras-nya  tahan 
berpuloh  tahun  :  however  small  a  tempinis  tree 
may  be,  its  body  lasts  for  tens  of  years. 

In  Kedah  the  word  is  pronounced  tampenis. 
IL     Ikan  tempinis  :  an  edible  salt-water  fish. 

4;^    tSmpinah.     The  water-balsam,  hydrocera  tri- 
flora. 

j%>i    tSmSgun.      An   expectant    attitude;    Sh.    Pr, 
Ach.,  18 ;  cf.  tegtm. 

qX  t6man.  The  accompaniment  of  a  superior; 
attendance  on  one  higher  in  position  or  rank 
— in  contradistinction  to  kawan,  which  means 
attendance  on  an  equal.  Teman-nya  sa-orang  : 
one  of  his  attendants ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.  Usah- 
lah  teman  di-mandi  pagi :  you  need  not  attend 
me  to  my  morning  bath  (to  a  man  who  over- 
does his  flattery)  ;  Prov.,  J.S.A.S.,  III.,  22, 

Temani  :  to  attend  on  anyone  as  a  mark  of 
respect ;  to  escort  him  part  of  his  journey ; 
Ht.  Koris;  Sh.  Bid.,  58.  Menemani :  id.,  Ht. 
Hg.  Tuw.,  59  ;  Ht.  Koris. 


o^ 


tdmin.  An  immovable  iron  joint,  ferrule  or 
fastening  uniting  a  knife  blade  to  its  handle  or 
a  spear-head  to  its  shaft ;  also  a  ferrule  at  the 
base  of  the  sheath. 

If  this  fastening  is  of  rattan,  simpai  is  used  ; 
if  it  is  movable,  penongkoL 

Pokok  L  :  (Kedah)  a  thorny  shrub,  balanostre- 
blus  ilicifoHus, 


f'JiS.    tSmandang.        Appearance,    garb;      get-up, 
^  make  up.      Sikap  pendekar  temandang  munUri : 

with  the  look  of  a  warrior  and  the  garb  of  a 

statesman. 

jCS,    tSmSnong.     An  edible  salt-water  fish. 

Panching  t, :  to  fish  with  an  unbaited  pol- 
ished hook  ;  to  fish  for  the  temenong. 

Niyat  hati  nak  panching  temenong^ 
Sudah  terpanching   ikan   setoka ; 

Niyat  hati  nak  pelok  gunong, 
Sudah  terpelok   bewak   chelaka : 

I  hoped  to  catch  a  temenong  and  only  caught 
a  setoka ;  I  hoped  to  wed  a  mountain  (of  gold) 
and  found  a  dirty  lizard  in  my  arms. 

Jc  t6mu.  I.  Meeting;  uniting  or  joining  in  the 
same  spot — more  exact  than  jumpa,  q.  v. 
Bertenm:  to  meet;  to  come  against.  Barang 
perkataan  yang  beham  yang  ada  bertemu  dalam 
kitdb'kitdb  :  every  new  word  which  I  met  with 
in  my  books ;  Ht.  Abd.,  49. 

Menemukan :  to  bring  into  contact ;  Sh. 
Peng.,  6. 

Pertemuwan :  meeting ;  a  meeting  between 
persons;  Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  45;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  81, 
106. 

Pertemukan  or  mempertemukan :  to  bring 
about  a  meeting;  to  unite  or  reunite,  e.  g.,  to 
unite  a  lover  with  his  beloved,  (Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
118),  or  to  restore  a  head  to  the  body  from 
which  it  was  cut  off  (Sej.  Mai.,  79). 

II.  The  name  given  to  many  wild  gingers, 
scitaminecB ',  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  32;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng. ;  Ht.  Koris. 

r.  kunchi :  a  small  cultivated  ginger,  kcemp- 
feria  pandtdata ;  Muj.,  47. 

r.  ktmyei :  turmeric,  curcuma  longa, 

T.  lawak :  the  zedoary,  a  white  turmeric 
used  in  curries,  curcuma  zedoaria, 

T.  lampUj  t.  giring,  t,  padang,  t.  puteh,  t,  pauh, 
t,  kuning  and  t.  urat :  other  unidentified  varie- 
ties. 

1^>^    tfimuchut.     (  Penang. )     Love-grass  ;     burrs ; 
also  chhnuchup  and  kemimchup,  q.  v, 

^JJ^    tSmurat.      A  wild  ginger  ;    better  temu  urat ; 
V.  temu. 


(jjy>  t§murun.  Turun  temurun  :  descent,  pedigree 
or  lineage — of  persons;  traditional  character 
— of  customs.  Sultan  yang  berasal  lagi  turun 
temurun  daripada  asal :  a  sultan  by  birth  and 
the  descendant  of  a  line  of  born  sultans ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  409.  Raja  China  turun  temurun  datang 
sekarang  ini :  a  Chinese  emperor  whose  des- 
cendants are  Chinese  emperors  to  this  day ; 
Sej,  Mai.,  37.  Turun  temurun  asal  bernobat : 
descended  from  ancestors  who  were  entitled 
to  the  nobat  (the  kettle  drum  of  royalty)  from 
the  first;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.J.,  6. 


TfiMUKUT 


[    191    ] 


TUNTUN 


a1 


3-^ 


tgmukut.  (Kedah.)  Fine  rice  dust;  dust 
obtained  when  the  rice  is  winnowed.  Also 
demukutf  lemtikuty  and  melukui, 

tSmukus.  Cubebs.  Also  kemtiktis,  and  lada 
berekor, 

tSmolok.     (Kedah.)     The  crop  of  a  bird,  the 

first  stomach  of  a  ruminant.     Better  tembolok, 
q.  V. 


4JaX    tSmoleh.     A  fresh-water  fish  (unidentified). 


tSmah.  The  application  of  a  poultice  of  hot 
ashes;  better  demah.     See  also  temas, 

tSmidak.  A  fruit  (unidentified),  J.  I.  A.,  I,, 
296. 

tSmiyang.    A  liana,  lettsomia peguensis ;  J.  I.  A., 

Im  313- 

Orang  temiyang  :  a  tribe  of  orang  laut^ 
tamyil.     Arab.     To  be  undecided,  to  hesitate. 

tSmilang.     A  plant,  aglaia  odoratissima. 

tan.  [Hind,  than.']  A  place  for  tying  up  an 
animal.     T.  kiida  :  a  stable  ;  =  bangsal  kuda. 

tun.  A  title  of  distinction  which  seems  to 
have  been  of  general  use  formerly  but  is  now 
(Riau)  only  applied  to  a  princess's  foster  child, 

tanbur.  Port.  A  drum  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  192,  193, 
313.     Also  tambtir,  q.  v. 

tanbiyyat.  Arab.  Prophecy :  the  position 
of  a  prophet.     Cf.  nabi, 

tSnat.  Desperate;  dangerous,  of  a  wound 
or  illness  ;  dead-tired,  of  weariness  ;  cf.  penat. 

tinta.     Port.     Ink'.     Also  datf^at. 

tgntapan.  (Kedah.)  A  shoulder  cloth.  Also 
tentampan,  tetmnpan,  and  tampan-tampan. 

tSntawan.  A  kar  t. .-  a  water-producing  vine, 
conocephalus  stiaveolens, 

tSntayu.  [Skr.  jatayu^  a  mythical  bird.] 
The  name  given  in  Kedah  to  a  peculiar  bird- 
shaped  boat's  figurehead,  and  (by  extension) 
to  a  special  variety  of  three-masted  perahu. 
Cf.  jentayu. 

tuntut.  Following  on  any  one's  steps;  fol- 
lowing up  keenly;  demanding,  intently  seeking 
after.  T.  Hlmu :  the  pursuit  of  knowledge. 
r.  kemaluwan  :  to  sue  for  damages  for  slander. 

Memmiiii:  to  follow  up;  Ht.  Abd.,  25. 
Tuntuti:  id.;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.;  Sh.  I.  M.  P.  i¥. 
beta :  to  avenge. 


J^ 


J!r' 


^ 


tantSra.  [Skr.  tantra,]  Army ;  infantry ;  rank 
and  file.  Bala  t, :  id.  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;  Ht. 
Koris;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  193; 
Muj.,  5,  etc. 

tentang.  Position  opposite  to,  vis-a-vis^  or 
in  full  view  of  anything ;  in  face  of.  T.  TMok 
Belanga :  opposite  Telok  Belanga,  Tiyada-lah 
dapat  di'tentang  nyata  :  that  cannot  be  looked 
full  in  the  face, — a  description  of  dazzling 
beauty  or  terrifying  strength  ;  Ht.  Bakht.,  9. 
Bertentangan :  vis-a-vis;  opposite;  Sh.  Bur. 
Pungg.,  8 ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  11.  B.  dengan  : 
facing;  opposite  to;  Ht.  Abd.,  239,  357,  377; 

Menentang :  to  face.  Tiyada-lah  siapa  dapat 
menentang  baginda:  no  one  could  bring 
himself  to  face  the  prince;  Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  68. 
Berapa  sakit  mat  a  menentang  y  sakit  lagi  bahu 
memikul :  however  painful  it  may  seem  to  the 
eye  that  sees  it,  the  shoulder  that  has  to  bear 
it  feels  it  more  ;  Prov. 

tentang.  A  window,  the  hinges  of  the 
shutters  of  which  are  fastened  horizontally  ; 
Sh.  Si  Lemb. 

tinting.  Winnowing  with  a  swaying  motion 
so  as  to  separate  the  wheat  from  the  chaff; 
(by  metaphor)  purifying  by  any  process  of 
selection.  Laksana  mas  beharu  di-tinting : 
like  newly  purified  gold,  i,  c,  like  gold  dust 
shaken  (on  a  rebana)  to  separate  the  good 
from  the  bad ;  a  simile  for  purity  and 
excellence. 

tuntong.     I.     The  extreme  point  of  anything, 

e.  g.,  of  a  keris. 

II.  Penyn  tuntong  or  ttmtong :  a  turtle, 
callagur  picta  ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  VIII.,  120. 

III,  Rapping  a  thing  on  the  ground  after 
turning  it  upside  down  so  as  to  knock  out 
anything  that  may  be  adhering  to  the  side, 
as  a  man  raps  a  tobacco-pipe  bowl  to  get  rid 
of  the  ashes  ;  holding  a  child  by  the  feet  and 
shaking  him  head  downwards,  by  way  of  a 
punishment. 

tSntampan.  (Kedah.)  A  shoulder-cloth; 
also  t^tampan,  ientapan,  and  tampan-tampan. 


tantan.    Btmga  t. 
xanthophlebium. 


a  wild  ginger,   amomtim 


tuntun,  I.  Leading;  conducting ;  guidance 
by  means  of  some  connecting  link,  as  when 
a  horse  is  led  by  a  halter  and  a  child  by  the 
hand.  Orang  buta  bMuntun  tongkat :  a  blind 
man  led  by  his  stick,  Batu  t.  :  the  lead  on  a 
fishing  line ;  also  batu  ladong, 
Menunttm  :  to  lead  ;  to  conduct — literally 
with  a  rope  or  by  the  hand,  but  also  figura- 
tively in  a  wider  sense,  e,  g.,  mHimtun 
dengan  baik  paras-nya :  to  lead  by  the  powder 
of  beauty ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.  MHuntun  tali : 
to  lead  (goats)  with  a  string ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  4. 


TfiNTU 


[    192    ] 


TANJU 


IL  Memmtun  :  to  flock  in  crowds  to  see 
a  wayang  or  joget  or  other  show.  Ramai4ah 
orang  memmtun  kechil  besar  tuwa  muda  :  many 
were  the  people  who  flocked  there,  small  and 
great,  old  and  young ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata,  cf.  also 
Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  41 ;  Ht.  Abd.,  113. 

Rumah  UmUman:  a  museum,  an  exhibition, 
a  show  of  any  sort. 


jXii  tfintu.  Definiteness  ;  positiveness ;  certainty  ; 
certain  as  opposed  to  doubtful ;  definite  as 
opposed  to  vague.  Khabar  yang  tentti ; 
definite  news ;  certain  intelligence,  as  opposed 
to  vague  rumour. 

Tentiikan  and  menentukan  ;  to  define  ;  to  lay 
down  clearly;  to  fix,  ^.  g-.,  to  appoint  a  day 
for  any  work,  (Ht.  Abd.,  462) ;  or  to  fix  the 
amount  of  an  allowance  or  salary,  (Ht.  Abd., 
225,  232)  ;  or  to  define  the  terms  of  an  agree- 
ment, (Ht.  Ind.  Jaya) ;  or  to  find  out  defi- 
nitely in  what  language  an  inscription  is 
written,  (Ht.  Abd.,  237). 

Teniuwan  and  ketentuwan :  certainty, 
Tiyada  teniuwan  confusion  ;  uncertainty ; 
disorder ;  Sh.  UL,  29,  Tiyada  berketentuwan: 
id.  ;  Ht,  Gul.  Bak.,  135. 

Tertentu :  absolutely  certain ;  accepted  as 
certain  ;  unquestioned  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  119. 


Cty^    tSntuban.     See  tuban. 


OjJ^    tSnturun.      (Riau.)     A   small   animal,  like  a 
civet  cat ;  arctictts  binturong.     Also  benturong, 

^>^    tentulang.      T.    merah :     a    plant,     garcinia 
eugenitzfolia. 


iS^ 


tanti.  *'  Wait  a  moment,"  an  expression 
used  by  a  slow  walker  to  one  ahead  of  him. 
The  forms  nanti  and  menanti  are  in  more 
general  use,  v.  nanti. 


tanjong.     A  cape; 
tory.     Bunga  t 
phlebium. 


a  head-land,   a  promon- 
a  flower,   ammnum   xuntho- 


tunjang.  (Riau,  Johor,  Kedah.)  The  tap 
root ;  that  portion  of  the  root  which  goes 
straight  down  into  the  ground,  as  distinct 
from  branching  roots  such  as  those  of  the 
mangrove  (jangkar,  q.  vj  ;  (Malacca)  raised 
above  the  surface ;  exposed  as  the  roots  of  the 
bakau  or  as  hoof-marks,  J.S.A.S.,  VHI.,  128. 


i^    timjong.     L     The  water-lily.     T.  biru,  t,  mas: 
Cj        varieties  of  it,  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri.,   23  ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.,  etc. 

n.     (Johor.)     A  sireh  or  pepper  vine  prop ; 
(Riau)  junjong  q.  v. 


3^ 


tanjak.     Projection  upwards ;  point  upwards ; 

sticking  up  as  the  point  of  a  Bugis  head-dress. 
Layar  t, :  a  triangular  sail,  the  base  of  which 
runs  along  the  deck  and  the  vertex  of  which 
is  aloft. 

Lobang  t, :  the  orifice  through  which  molten 
metal  is  poured  into  a  mould,  the  word  tanjak 
being  used  of  the  small  projection  or  tag 
formed  by  the  metal  in  the  orifice  itself. 

Bertanjak  kaki :  standing  on  tiptoe. 

Tanjak  is  also  used  of  the  vertex  of  a  trian- 
gular sail  rising  as  the  wind  drops,  the  swell- 
ing of  the  sail  tending  to  lower  it ;  and  of  the 
raising  of  the  pecular  rattan  net  (daun)  at  the 
bottom  of  a  fish  trap.  Layar  tertanjak,  angin- 
nya  matt :  the  sail  is  sticking  up,  and  the  wind 
filling  it  has  died  away;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Cf.  anjor,  anjong^  tanjong,  tajok,  unjok, 
tun j ok,  etc. 


r-ii    tunjok.     Indication;  pointing  out. 

Tiinjokkan :  to  point  out ;  to  indicate ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  274.  Memmjoki :  id. ;  Sh.  Ibl.,  5. 
Menunjokkan  :  id.  Itu-lah  menunjokkan  bodoh- 
nya  :  that  shows  his  folly ;   Ht.  Abd.,  259. 

Perttmjok  :  an  indicator,  an  indication ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  132;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  18.  Pertunjokan : 
an  indication;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  17.  Pemmjok  : 
an  indication,  a  warning;  Ht.  Best. 

Tehmjokf  and  jari  telunjok  :  the  index  finger. 

Cf.  anjoVy  anjong,  tajok,  unjok,  behmjor, 
tanjak,  tonjol,  etc. 

\j^  tanjol.  A  contrivance  something  like  a  fish- 
'^^  ing  rod  and  line,  but  with  a  noose  instead  of 
a  hook  at  the  end  of  the  line.  When  a  snake 
(or  whatever  else  it  is  desired  to  catch)  is 
passing  through  the  noose,  a  sudden  jerk  of 
the  rod  tightens  the  noose  and  secures  the 
animal,  at  the  same  time  keeping  him  at  a 
distance. 

\fi>  tonjol.  A  considerable  protuberance  or  bump 
^*  on  the  forehead  (such  as  would  be  caused  by 
a  carbuncle),  as  distinct  from  a  slight  swelling 
such  as  would  be  caused  by  a  blow  ( v.  benjol ) 
or  from  a  naturally  prominent  conformation 
of  the  forehead. 

yft  tunjal  A  thrust  downwards  to  give  impetus 
*^*  to  an  upward  motion,  as  in  the  case  of  a  diver 
stamping  on  the  bottom  of  the  sea  to 
accelerate  his  rise  to  the  surface,  or  of  a  horse 
pressing  the  ground  with  his  hind  feet  when 
leaping  forward.  Tunjal  is  also  used  of  a  dig 
in  the  ribs  or  any  thrust  intended  to  be  felt 
but  not  intended  to  hurt  or  leave  a  mark. 

♦r  .  .  *      . 

^^^    tailjan.     A  tree  (unidentified)   resembling  the 

keranjif  q,  v. ;  KL 

ji^  tanju.  A  bracket-lamp;  a  wall-lamp;  a  street 
lamp  on  a  bracket  projecting  from  a  wall,  as 
distinct  from  a  street  standard  lamp;  Ht. 
Koris.;  Ht,  Ind.  Meng. 


TINJAU 


[    193    ] 


TiNDANG 


^    tinjau.     Stretching  out  the  neck  and  gazing 
intently ;  on  the  look-out. 

Mininjau :  to  keep  a  look-out ;  to  watch. 

P^ninjau  :  a  look-out,  a  spy. 

TertinjaU'tinjau :  looking  about,  spying  out 
the  land,  as  a  thief  examining  a  house  which 
he  hopes  to  enter. 


J* 


tinju.  Boxing ;  a  blow  with  the  knuckles  of 
the  closed  fist.  Di-kaluwarkan-nya  duwa- 
duwa  budak  itu  di-adu-nya  birtinju :  he  brought 
out  the  boys  in  pairs  and  set  them  on  to  box 
with  each  other ;  Ht.  Abd.,  80.  Cf.  ttmtbok 
and  timbok. 

tanda.  I.  Token ;  emblem ;  a  mark  em- 
blematic of  anything,  as  distinct  from  a  mark 
consequent  on  anything  (bekaSj  q.  v.). 

r.  bachaan:  the  vowel  points;  also  6am, 
q.  V. 

T.  bander  a  :  a  flag  signal. 

T.  matt :  (i)  a  souvenir ;  (2)  the  diacritical 
mark  jazm. 

T,  tangan  :  a  signature ;  an  acknowledgment 
by  signature.  Surat  tanda  tangan  orang  ber- 
hutang  piyutang :  a  promissory  note.  Surat 
tanda  iya  ada  belajar  daripada-nya  :  a  letter  to 
show  that  that  gentleman  had  taken  lessons 
from  him,  i.  e,,  a  certificate  or  testimonial 
given  to  a  teacher.  T,  memberi  hurmat :  a 
mark  of  respect,  as  when  soldiers  present 
arms. 

Ikan  tanda-tanda  :  a  fish,  lutianus  sillaoo, 

11.     Pertanda:  (Riau,  Johor)  an  executioner. 


JjJ    tenda.     Port.     Awning  ;=cA^^^n,  q.  v. 

Jcj  tunda.  Towing;  a  tender;  a  boat  drawn 
behind  a  ship;  a  bait  drawn  after  a  boat. 
Sampan  t. :  a  kind  of  small  dinghy  towed 
behind  a  sailing  vessel.  Menarek  t,  or  ber- 
tunda:  to  have  (a  boat)  in  tow;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk., 
27.  Tunda-lah  pada  perahu  hamba :  put  it  in 
tow  of  my  boat;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  8.  Kapal 
besar  di-tunda  jongkong  :  a  large  ship  in  tow  of 
a  dinghy ;  a  great  man  in  tow  of  parasites ; 
Prov. 

Panching  t. :  a  drag-line  drawn  after  a  sailing 
boat  and  used  for  catching  the  alu-alu.  Alu- 
alu  memakan-nya  tunda  :  the  alu-alu  (fish)  has 
swallowed  the  bait ;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  9 ;  see 
also  Pel.  Abd.,  30, 

jXi    tandur.     I.     Jav.     Minandur:  to  plant;   Ht. 
Ind.  Nata. 

II.  Holding  up  or  supporting  with  props, 
buttresses  or  ropes.  Tali  t. :  a  string  for 
pulling  up  chicks  (bidai), 

ji-JcS    tandas.     I.     A  privy;  Bost.  Sal. 

II.  (Kedah.)  The  trunk  of  a  decapitated 
man ;  the  mutilated  body  of  a  murdered  man ; 
see  tandus  and  tindas. 


y^-^    tandus.      Barrenness;    treelessness,  of  land; 
waste,  abandoned. 


^«U>  tfindas.  [Jav.  endas:  head.]  Decapitation. 
Supaya  ku  tendas  leher-mu:  that  I  may  cut 
your  throat;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  96.  Neschaya 
patek  keduwa  tendas  kepala-nya  persembahkan 
ka-bawah  duli :  we  two  will  certainly  cut  oif 
their  heads  for  a  gift  to  your  Majesty;  Ht,  Sh. 
Kub.     Cf.  also  Ht.  Hamz.,  26. 


lT- 


tindas.     The  cracking  of  a  flea  on  the  thumb- 
nail. 

Menindas :  to  kill  a  small  insect  such  as  a 
tuma  (Pel.  Abd.,  32)  or  a  flea  (Ht.  Si  Misk., 
51)  on  the  thumb-nail. 

Cf.  tendas. 


tandang.  Wandering  about  in  search  of  any 
person  or  thing ;  visiting ;  travelling,  Orang 
tandang  desa:  a  wanderer;  a  vagrant;  a  vaga- 
bond; a  man  who  has  left  his  country  to 
wander  in  search  of  a  livelihood;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.,  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  Bertandang  desa :  to 
wander  about  as  a  vagrant ;  Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  34. 

Tikam  t. :  death  by  a  javelin  or  thrown  spear 
— a  form  of  execution  considered  degrading  as 
being  the  death  of  a  hunted  beast. 

Bertandang:  to  go  visiting.  Orang  Upas 
nikdh  jangan  di-tandang :  don*t  go  visiting  a 
man  just  married,  Prov.,    J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  40. 

Tandang  is  also  used  in  the  extended  sense  of 
visiting  and  associating  with  or  competing 
with.  Tiyada4ah  pernah  orang  ke-inderaan 
pergi  ka-dalam  dunya  bertandang-tandang  dengan 
orang  dunya  :  the  Sons  of  Heaven  have  never 
yet  descended  to  earth  to  compete  with  the 
Sons  of  Earth;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.  The  word  is 
also  used  of  a  football  team  visiting  another 
club  to  play  a  match;  Bint.  Tim. 


5- Jo3    tanding.     A  subdivision ;  one  of  several  equal 
^  portions;   a  "  lot,"  of  land;   apportion,"  of 

food ;  measuring  out  equal  sides  or  portions. 
Tidak  sa-tandingj  tidak  sa-banding :  not  equal 
in  size,  nor  equal  in  quality.  Gamboh  sama 
tandingan:  dancing  girls  perfectly  matched; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Sa4elah  bertanding-nya  dart- 
pada  keduwa  pehak :  when  two  equal  sides  had 
been  selected;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 

9JSi    tSndang.     Kicking  out ;  drawing  up  the  foot 
C  as  far  as  it  will  go  and  kicking  out.     Bunga 

di'peiek  pBrdu  di4endang  :  the  flower  is  pluck- 
ed, the  stalk  thrown  away;  the  daughter  is 
cherished,  the  mother  left  to  starve ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  92.  Cf.  terajangy  sepak,  singkor, 
kidang  and  Bntak, 

r.  ka-belakang:  kicking  out  behind,  as  a 
horse.  T.  tumtt :  stamping  down  violently 
with  the  heel. 

BMumbok  bertendang :  with  cuffs  and  kicks ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  94. 


25 


TONDONG 


[    194    ] 


TINDEH 


Minendang  :  to  kick;  Hi.  Abd.,  28.  Menen- 
dangkan :  id.  Jikalau  patch  laki-laki  neschaya 
patek  sendiri  menendangkan  muka-nya  munteri 
itu :  if  I  were  a  man  I  would  assuredly  kick 
that  minister's  face;  Ht.  Bakht.,  74.  Menen- 
dangkan keduwa  belah  kaki :  to  kick  out  with 
both  feet ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

PBnBndang :  a  stretcher  in  a  Malay  boat. 

"Jci    tondong.     Banishment;    driving  away   with 

■"  ignominy ;  hounding  out.     Cf.  tandang  in  the 

expression    tikam    tandang,     Di4ondong    uleh 

segala  martka-itu  akan  raja :  they  all  drove  the 

prince  out  of  the  country ;  Ht.  Gh. 

)"^**  tandak.  Dancing  by  movements  of  the  lower 
limbs  in  contradistinction  to  dancing  by 
swaying  the  body  and  arms  (tart)  ;  Javanese 
dancing;  Sh.  Put.  Akal,  11;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  9; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

Bertandak:  to  dance;  Ht.  Koris.  Bertandak- 
tandak  :  id. ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

J*-^    tandok.     Horn ;  the  horn  of  an  animal — except 

in  cases  where  it  is  endowed  with  magical 
properties,  cf.  chtda  and  sumbu ;  goring  with 
the  horns;  butting.  Mati  di-tandok  ulehkerbau 
jalang  itu  :  he  died  gored  by  the  wild  buffalo ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  Bagai  tandok  bersendi  gading  : 
like  horn  in  ivory  mountings;  a  worthless 
thing  in  a  valuable  frame ;  Prov.  Telor  di- 
hujong  tandok :  an  egg  at  the  point  of  a  horn ; 
in  a  critical  position ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  422. 
Bagai  tandok  di-bh'kas :  like  horns  tied  up 
in  a  bale  (which  will  not  hold  together  owing 
to  the  peculiar  shape  of  the  horns) ;  a  story 
the  details  of  which  will  not  harmonize;  Prov. 
Jangan  buwat  kerbati  tandok  panjang :  do  not 
play  the  long-horned  buifalo;  do  not  be 
quarrelsome ;  Prov. 

r.  batmg :  (Kedah)  props  used  in  shallow 
water  to  keep  a  boat  from  rolling;  ==^(Riau, 
Johor)  sembeta,  q.  v. 

Tandok-tandok :  a  climber  with  curiously 
shaped  flowers,  strophanthus  dichotomtis. 

Bertandok :  horned.  Ktiching  bertandok :  when 
cats  have  horns ;  the  Greek  calends ;  Prov. 

Menandok  :  to  gore ;  to  butt.  Saperti  kerbau 
menandok  anak :  as  a  buffalo  butts  its  calf,  i.  e., 
with  the  flat  of  the  horn  so  as  not  to  hurt  it ; 
a  mother's  severity;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV., 
108.  Lembii  tandok  panjang  tiyada  menandok 
pun  di'kata  orang  juga  iya  menandok :  when 
an  ox  has  long  horns  he  may  not  butt,  but 
everyone  will  say  that  he  butts ;  appearances 
often  hang  a  man ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  135. 

Tandok  is  also  used  to  describe  the  act  or 
result  of  tying  a  growing  branch  to  its  parent 
bough  so  as  to  prevent  its  breaking  under  its 
own  weight. 

jJc5    tindek.     Pricking   through    (a  thin   surface) ; 

making  a  hole  through,  used  of  boring  the 
ears,  etc. 


O^ 


Joe. 


\JjJ 


xJ^ 


oJoj 


tundok.  The  bowing  of  the  head  ;  a  down- 
cast, respectful,  or  submissive  attitude.  T. 
menyembah  :  to  bow  in  salutation.  T.  diyam  : 
to  look  down  and  be  silent,  e.  g.,  after  a  re- 
buke. T.  tengadah :  looking  down  and  then 
looking  up;  the  attitude  of  a  man  in  the 
throes  of  composition.  T,  khidmat :  bowing 
in  subjection ;  Arabian  Nights,  16. 

Menundokkan  kepala  :  to  bow  the  head ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  6,  47,  116,  221 ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.  Me- 
nundokkan ulu :  id. ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  131. 

Penundok  or  Hlmu  penundok :  a  charm  for 
procuring  submissiveness  in  others;  Ht.  Abd., 
154;  J.  I.  A.,  I.,  311;  in  Riau,  confined  to 
obtaining  the  submission  of  one's  wife,  but 
this  limitation  is  not  universal.  'Aztmat 
penundok  musoh :  a  talisman  to  reduce  one's 
enemies  to  submission. 

tandil.  Tam.  A  tindal ;  the  head-man  of  a 
gang  of  road-coolies  or  field-labourers;  a 
petty  officer  on  a  ship  receiving  his  orders 
from  the  serang,  Tandil  ph'gi  berkerah :  the 
head  labourer  went  to  call  the  people  to 
work;  Ht.  Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  9. 

tandam.  (Johor.)  The  solder  used  in  work- 
ing in  gold  or  brass ;  better  (Riau)  pandam. 

tandan.  A  cluster  (Ht.  Koris) ;  the  stalk 
common  to  a  cluster  of  fruit  such  as  bananas 
which  grow  together — the  stalk  joining  each 
separate  banana  to  the  tandan  being  tangkai, 
q.  V. 

tandun.  Zamdn  tandmi :  the  immemorial 
past ;  the  beginnings  of  time ;  when  the 
world  was  young. 

tindan.  Lying  loosely  one  on  the  other,  as 
a  pile  of  books  or  other  articles  of  a  similar 
character.  Sa4indan :  a  number  of  articles 
so  piled  up  but  not  sorted  relative  to  one 
another ;  cf.  susun  and  tindeh. 

tundun.  The  mons  veneris;  (sometimes)  the 
mom  veneris  and  labia  major  a, 

tandu.  A  kind  of  hammock-litter  borne  by 
two  persons.  Tuwan  puteri  itu  di-usong  di- 
dalam  tandu-nya :  the  princess  was  borne  in 
her  litter;  Ht.  Gh. 

tindeh.  Lying  one  over  the  other;  placing  a 
limb  over  another;  position  over.  Maka  uleh 
Bender ang  di-tindeh-nya  paha  Badang  dengan 
paha-nya  :  Benderang  laid  his  thigh  under  Ba- 
dang's — to  see  whether  he  could  throw  him,  at 
wrestling;  Sej.  Mai.,  61.  Tindeh-menindeh :  to 
press  by  crowding ;  to  fall  one  over  the  other 
in  confusion  or  disarray ;  Pel.  Abd.,  32.  Di- 
tindeh  yang  berat,  di-lilit  yang  panjang :  borne 
down  by  the  heavy,  enfolded  in  the  coils  of 
the  long, — illustrative  of  the  powerlessness  of 
the  poor;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  35.  Yang 
tegah  di'Sokong,  yang  ribah  di-tindeh  :  what  is 
firm  is  propped  up,  what  is  fallen  is  pressed 
down;  money  begets  money,  and  poverty 
pauperism;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  41. 


TfiNAR 


[    195    ] 


TUWALA 


Tindehkan :  to  superimpose  a  weight ;  to 
crush  under  a  superincumbent  mass.  Di- 
tindehkan-nya  dengan  bukit  Menggerda  itu :  he 
crushed  him  under  the  weight  of  Mount 
Menggerda;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Bertindeh :  one  lying  on  the  other,  as  bodies 
on  a  battle  field.  Bertindeh4mdeh :  id.,  fre- 
quentative; Ht.  Abd.,  373.  Bertindeh  bang- 
kai:  body  lying  on  body,  as  after  a  fight, 
(Sh.  Raj.  Haji,  185),  but  especially  used  by 
lovers  promising  to  die  with  each  other ;  Sh. 
Pant.  Shi.,  7,  12. 

Bertindeh  is  also  used  in  a  coarse  sense,  e,  g., 
ambil  katak  yctng  berbini  sedang  bertindeh- 
tindeh, 

J^  tfiixar.  A  row  that  all  can  hear ;  bawling  a 
thing  from  the  house-tops;  washing  one's 
dirty  linen  in  public. 

Hendak   di-pulangkan  segala  mahar ; 
Jangan4ah   lagi   membuwat  tenar : 

all  your  money  will  be  returned  to  you ;  but 
don't  go  on  proclaiming  your  grievances  to 
the  world  at  large ;  Sh.  Peng.,  22.  Cf.  also 
Sh.  Peng.,  6;  Sh.  Pr.  Turki,  12. 


dir 


ir" 


LT' 


tanztl.  Arab.  Sending  down ;  revelation ; 
the  revelation  made  by  God  to  man  in  the 
Koran. 

tSnang.  Calm  ;  smooth  ;  still,  of  the  surface 
of  the  water;  cf.  tedoh  and  senang.  Jikalau 
ayer  tenang  jangan  di-sangka  tiyada  buwaya : 
if  the  water  is  still  do  not  think  that  there 
are  necessarily  no  alligators  ;  Prov.,  J.S.A.S., 
XI.,  34- 

tSnong.  Abstraction ;  being  plunged  in 
thought ;  cf.  menong,  and  renong, 

Petenong :  (Singapore)  a  fortune  teller. 


jCj  tanaffus.  Arab.  Jauhar  tanaffus :  the  essence 
of  breathing  life ;  the  spirit  of  animal  life ; 
Sh.  I.  M.  P.,  15. 


la» 


tSnok.     (Johor,  Malacca.)     The  tapir,  tapirus 
indicus;  also  (Kedah)  badak  tampong. 


b3    tSnol.     A  small  tree,  myristica  laurina. 


tSnun.      Weaving^    the    art    or    process    of 
weaving. 

Tenunan  :  method  or  style  of  weaving ;   Ht. 
Koris.     Salah  tenunan :  a  fault  in  the  fabric. 

Bertenun :  to  weave  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

tanniir.     Arab.     Furnace ;  oven  ;  bakery. 

tSniring.     A  tree  (unidentified) ;  Kl. 

tSnnyeh.     (Penang.)     To  touch  or  poke  with 
the  finger. 


J    tu.     A  colloquial  abbreviation  for  tY^/;  v. 


.\. 


jJ    to*.     A  colloquial  abbreviation  for  datok,  q.  v.  ; 
grandfather,  old  man. 

To'  aki :  (Perak)  grandfather. 

To'  alang :  v.  tuwalang. 

To'  nek :  great-grandfather. 

To'  nyang :  great-great-grandfather. 

To'  wan :  (Kedah)  grandfather. 

j3    tuwa.     Old  ;  matured  ;  age  ;  seniority. 

Orang  t.  :  (i)  an  old  man,  (2)  the  head  of  the 
family ;  the  father ;  a  village  patriarch  ;  an 
adult,  in  contradistinction  to  a  child,  or  one 
of  the  older  as  opposed  to  the  younger  gene- 
ration. Orang  tuwa  bongkok  pakai  baju  best : 
a  humpbacked  old  man  in  a  coat  of  mail  ; 
a  tortoise. 

Orang  tuwa  chatok :  an  old  man  in  his 
dotage. 

Orang  tuwa  datok  :  an  old  man  of  position 
and  rank. 

Orang  tuwa  kutok  :  an  old  rascal ;  Ht.  Best. 

Orang  tuwa  luntok  :  a  broken  down  old  man. 

Orang  tuwa  suntok  :  an  old  man  who  apes 
youthful  ways. 

Toleh  tenggala  tuwa  :  v.  toleh. 

Ketuwa  :  a  village  headman.  K.  kampong  or 
tuwa  kampong :  id.  Pertuwa  and  pengetuwa  : 
id.  Paratuwa  :  the  elders  of  a  village  con- 
sidered collectively.  Ketuwa-tuwaan  :  id. 
Ketuwakan  :  to  have  or  appoint  as  headman ; 
Sh.  Jub.  Mai.,  10. 

Pak  tuwa  :  an  uncle  older  than  one's  father  ; 
Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  57.  Also  pak  uwa  and  pak  wa, 
Bapa  tuwa  :  id.,  Sej.  Mai.,  90. 

Mertuwa  and  mentuwa  :  father-in-law, 

Tuwa  after  the  names  of  colours  gives  the 
meaning  of  **  deep,"  "  dark,"  to  those  colours. 
Merah  t,  :  deep  dark  red.  Hitam-nya  tuwa  : 
it  was  of  a  deep  black  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  After 
the  names  of  minerals,  tuwa  means  purity  from 
alloy. 

The  form  tuha  also  occurs. 

3yJ    tawarud.     Arab.     Correspondence, 

i  Ay    tuwarang.     A  drought  (lasting  longer  than  a 
^^      kemarau), 

^Ay    tawarikh.     Arab.     Dates,  epochs ;  the  plural 
w  ^      of  tdrikh,  q.  v. 

i\a3    tawafi.     Arab.     Being  gathered  home  by  God 
^■^      (of  the  slain  in  a  Holy  War). 


^\ 


\J    towakang.     [Chin,    toa-khang.]      A     person 
-^      puffed  up  with  self-conceit ;  arrogance,  vanity, 
superciliousness. 


J\  J    tuwala.     [Port,  toalha.]     A  serviette  ;  a  nap- 
kin  ;  a  towel.     T.  mandi :  a  towel. 


TUWALANO 


[    196    ] 


TUTUP 


f&y 


^J^ 


iy 


tuwalang.  (Perak  and  Kedah  Malay.)  A 
name  given  generically  to  large  trees  on  which 
the  wild  bees  make  their  nests;  Ht.  Sri  Rama 
(Maxw.),  6  ;  (Riau,  Johor)  siyalang. 

Bertuwalang :    to  swarm;    (of  bees).     Also 
to*  alang. 

tuba.  The  name  of  a  plant  with  a  root  pos- 
sessing stupefying  qualities,  and  much  used 
in  fishing,  derris  elliptica,  Maka  sakaliyan  than 
itu  bertimbulan  sapMi  than  kina  tuba  :  then  all 
the  fish  came  floating  to  the  surface  like  fish 
affected  by  the  tuba  root ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 
Mati  di'tuba :  poisoned  by  tuba;  Sh.  Pant. 
ShL,  12.  Tuba  binasa  ikan  ta'-dapat :  the  tuba 
was  spoilt  and  no  fish  were  got ;  a  proverbial 
description  of  money  spent  uselessly. 

tobat.  Arab.  Repentance  by  abandonment 
of  any  evil  practice  ;  the  abandonment  of  any 
harmful  thing.  Bertobat  daripada  mandi : 
giving  up  bathing  (in  a  magic  wood  when 
bathing  resulted  in  unpleasant  transforma- 
tions) ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  90.  Tobat  daripada 
dosa-nya  yang  telah  lalu  itu :  repentance  for 
past  sins  ;  the  abandonment  of  his  old  vices  ; 
Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  2. 


j*^  tubir.  The  edge  of  the  sea  or  of  a  river ;  the 
margin  of  a  lake  ;  the  brink,  provided  the 
gradient  into  the  sea  or  river  be  great,  though 
not  perpendicular. 

i-jy    tubing.       (  Singapore. )       Aslant ;  =  (  Riau, 
^         Johor,  Kedah)  iuding,  q,  v. 

^J^    tobak.     (Riau,  Johor.)     Cut  square;    cutting 

the  nail  so  as  to  give  it  a  straight  instead  of 
the  usual  curved  edge ;  also  (Kedah)  tekobak. 

^3f?^    tubok.     A  wooden  lance  for  spearing  teripang. 

^  Uoi    tubul.      A  freshwater  fish  (unidentified) ;    Sh. 
^^      Ik.  Trub.,  12. 

Cxy  tuban.  Tuban-tuban:  (Johor)  the  discharge 
immediately  preceding  delivery  at  child-birth ; 
also  (Riau)  tetuban,  (Singapore)  k^tuban,  and 
(Kedah)  tentuban. 

0\y  tubin.  I.  Four  days  Kence  ;  the  fourth  day 
from  this ;    Kl. 

II.     Ikan  tubin:  a  freshwater   fish  (uniden- 
tified). 

^J^  tobah.  Menobah :  to  tear  out  plants  by  the 
roots;    KL 

Ajy  tuboh.  The  body — in  the  anatomical  sense 
only  and  not  as  considered  in  contradistinc- 
tion to  the  soul  (v.  badan),  nor  yet  in  the 
sense  of  a  dead  body  (v.  bangkai);  the  seat  of 
physical  sensations.  Tuboh-nya  sedBrhana:  he 
was  of  medium  build.  Tuboh-nya  makin  sa- 
hari  makin4ah  tambun :  he  became  fatter  daily. 


^y 


:.^ 


1.^ 


y 


B^kas  t. :  a  garment  that  has  been  in  actual 
use — often  given  by  Malays  as  a  pledge  of 
affection. 

Mimilok  t, :  to  cross  the  arms  over  the 
chest. 

Sa-tuboh :  sexual  connection ;  carnal  know- 
ledge. 

Tuboh  is  sometimes  used  in  the  sense  of  **  in 
person.*'  Tuwan  tuboh  datang:  come  in  person. 

tubi.  Devotion  to  anything;  putting  one's 
heart  and  soul  into  any  work ;  doing  anything 
with  all  one's  might.  Chandu  chelaka  jangan 
di'tubi :  do  not  give  yourself  up  to  accursed 
opium.  Maka  uleh  Hang  Jebat  di-pertubi-tubi- 
nya  tikam :  Hang  Jebat  worked  himself  up  to 
strike;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  84. 

tuwat.  I.  (Kedah.)  A  fishing  mark;  a  stake 
or  bamboo  used  as  a  mark  to  indicate  a  good 
spot  for  line-fishing. 

IL  Ketuwat:  a  pimple;  a  small  excrescence 
or  wart  of  the  same  colour  as  the  surrounding 
flesh. 

ttlt.     Arab.     A  mulberry  tree. 


tutut.     (Johor.) 
bling  a  merebok. 


A  bird  (unidentified)  resem- 


tutor.  I.  Utterance;  pronunciation;  a 
formula  for  utterance ;  actual  speech ;  spoken 
— (as  distinct  from  written)  language.  Tutor 
dan  kata  haru-biru :  his  utterance  and  his 
language  were  confused;  Sh.  Nasih.,  9.  Tutor 
sa-patah:  a  word,  a  saying. 

Bertutor :  to  speak.  Bertutor  behasa  Melayu: 
to  speak  Malay;  Ht.  Abd.,  346. 

II.  Tutor  an  atap,  petutoran  atap,  or  penu- 
toran  atap  :  the  lowest  row  of  atap  in  a  roof, 
the  eaves.     Also  chuchoran  atap. 


tutup.  Covering ;  a  cover ;  the  closing  up  or 
filling  up  of  a  hollow  body,  as  distinct  from 
the  enclosing  of  a  body  in  a  hollow  (v.  tudong), 
Laksana  chembul  dengan  tutup-nya:  like  a 
casket  and  its  cover;  exactly  fitting  each 
other;  Prov.,  Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  14.  Lobang 
yang  tersebut  itu  di-suroh-nya  tutup :  he  ordered 
the  aperture  in  question  to  be  closed;  Ht. 
Abd.,   64.     Sa-tahun  tutup :   a  whole  year,  a 


full  year. 

r.   bumi : 
burnt  paya : 
bumi  rimba : 


a  weed,  elephantopus  scaber,  T. 
a  weed,  blainvillea  latifolia,  T, 
a  herb,  allomorphia  griffithii. 

Tutupkan:  to  close;  to  shut;  Ht.  Abd.,  94. 
Mlnutup :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  53,  81 ;  Muj.,  14. 

P^nutup  :  anything  that  closes ;  a  cover.  P. 
mating:  a  charm  for  shutting  out  thieves; 
Muj.,  79.  P.  malu:  a  thing  to  close  up  or 
hide  one's  shame;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  14.  P. 
nafsu :  a  charm  to  remove  lust. 

TMutup :  closed ;  shut ;  Ht.  Abd.,  73. 


TOTOK 


[    197    ] 


TUDONG 


^y    totok.     I.     (Jav.)     A  species  of  shell-fish ;  KL 

II.  Full-blooded;  pure-blooded,  Belanda 
t. :  a  Dutchman  pur  sang,  China  t, :  a  China- 
born  Chinese  in  contradistinction  to  a  Baba. 
The  expression  also  occurs  without  any 
special  meaning  in  a  proverbial  rhyme  descrip- 
tive of  a  passionately  jealous  man  : 

China   totok,    lawang  lawi, 
Chabut  goloky   tikam   bini, 

III.  (Onom.)  A  bamboo  sounding-block. 
Also  toHok, 


jj3y    tutok.     I.      Breaking  a  piece  of  bamboo  or 

rattan  without  cutting  it  into  two  separate 
pieces;  crushing  or  beating  a  rattan  into  a 
soft  fibrous  pulp ;  Ht.  Zaly.,  69,  70. 

II.  A  tree,  hibiscus  macrophyllus.  Its  bark 
is  used  for  fibre. 

III.  Tutok  ketampi :  the  name  given  to  a 
school  punishment,  the  boy  being  forced  to 
hold  his  right  ear  in  his  left  hand  and  vice 
versa,  and  to  continually  rise  and  stoop. 


Jb^ 


tutul.  Jav.  Spot ;  spotted.  Machan  t. :  the 
leopard;  (in  pure  Malay)  harimau  bintang, 
Buloh  t.  (Kedah) :  the  spotted  bamboo,  a  kind 
of  bamboo  obtained  from  Java  and  used  in  the 
construction  of  musical  instruments;  (Riau, 
Johor)  btiloh  karah. 


^^  tutu.  Dengong  t, :  the  sound  made  by  a 
humming  kite  (simbang). 

^y  tutoh.  Lopping  off  the  branches  of  a  tree 
from  the  main  trunk  after  felling,  or  in  some 
cases  preparatory  to  felling.  Menutoh  :  to  lop 
off  branches  from  a  tree;  Ht.  Gh.,  75;  Sh. 
Pant.  Shi.,  5 ;  Sh.  Ch.  Ber.,  7. 


^y  tojang.  I.  Menojang :  to  squat  with  the 
heels  close  together  and  the  toes  turned  out ; 
Kl. 

II.     A  temporary  support  or  prop,  as  distinct 
from  a  permanent  buttress  {sokong,  q.  v.). 

Penojang  kaki :  a  foot-rest ;  a  foot-stool. 


y^y  tuju.  Heading  for;  making  for;  aiming  at; 
pointing  towards ;  a  form  of  sorcery  in  which 
the  attention  of  evil  spirits  is  directed  towards 
any  person  so  that  they  may  bring  him  to  an 
untimely  end.  Sa-tuju :  moving  in  the  same 
direction ;  in  harmony ;  in  unison.  Sa4uju 
saperti  raja  dengan  munteri  dan  saperti  chinchin 
dengan  permata :  in  harmony,  as  a  king  and 
his  minister,  or  as  a  gem  and  the  ring  in 
which  it  is  set;  Ht.  Abd.,  96.  Ber-sa-tujuwan: 
:=zsa4uju;  Ht.  Abd.,  379. 

Tujuwi:    to  aim  at,  to  make  for;    Sh.   Sri 
Bun.,  21 ;  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  11. 


Menuju :  to  point  towards ;  to  make  for ;  to 
practise  the  form  of  sorcery  described  above. 
Menuju  orang  sampai  mati :  to  inflict  ^'tuju'*- 
spells  on  a. man  till  he  dies;  Ht.  Abd.,  390. 
Bahwa  tiyap4iyap  pBrkataan  itu  menuju  iya 
kapada  tujuwan-nya :  every  word  of  his  went 
straight  to  its  mark;  Bint.  Tim.,  4  April, 
1895. 

Penuju:  a  row  of  fishing-stakes  leading 
directly  to  a  fish-trap  (used  in  the  belat  kern- 
bang)  ;  cf.  penajor  (s.  v.  tajor)  a  row  of  stakes 
similarly  stretching  out  from  a  fish-trap  but 
not  at  right  angles  to  its  entrance  (used  in  the 
belat  betawi). 

A5»-y  tujah.  Thrusting,  stabbing,  when  the  weapon 
is  held  in  both  hands,  the  hands  being  raised, 
arms  bent,  and  elbows  lowered. 

<>^    tujoh.     Seven. 

Bintang  t, :  the  Seven  Stars,  the  Pleiads. 

Kutika  t. :  the  Seven  Ominous  Times,  the 
week  or  division  of  time  presided  over  (as  in 
the  Latin  calendar)  by  the  great  heavenly 
bodies:  viz.,  the  Sun,  Moon,  Mars,  Mercury, 
Jupiter,  Venus  and  Saturn. 

^^J^  tauchang.  [Chin.  thau4sdng,]  A  queue;  a 
pigtail  (as  worn  by  Chinese  only);  cf.  jambuL 

^^^y  tauhid.  Arab.  The  avowal  of  the  Unity  of 
God.  Herti-nya  tauhid  mengesakan  Tuhan : 
the  meaning  of  tauhid  is  to  declare  God  One ; 
Sh.  Ung.  Bers.,  14. 

Menauhidkan:  to  recognize  as  One  (Arabian 
Nights,  384 ) ;  to  recognize  as  one's  duty 
(Arabian  Nights,  47);  to  decide  upon  a  course 
(Arabian  Nights,  58,  323). 

?^y  tudong.  A  veil,  a  hollow  cover,  the  veiling, 
enclosing,  or  shutting  in  of  a  solid  object  with 
a  surrounding  cover  of  any  sort,  as  distinct 
from  the  closing  of  an  aperture.  Cf.  tutup, 
Bagai  chepu  dengan  tudong-nya  :  like  a  box  and 
its  cover;  a  symbol  for  perfect  harmony; 
Pro  v. 

7\  hidang :  a  plate  cover,  a  small  dish-cover. 

r.  saji :  a  large  dish -cover.  Tudongan  saji  : 
id.;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  5. 

Dayong  tudong  bUanga :  long  sweeps  with 
round  blades. 

Siput  tudong  :  a  shell,  trochus  pyramis, 

Tudongan  :  a  veil  or  covering  of  any  sort ;  a 
shroud  over  a  dead  body ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Tudongi :  to  enshroud.  Bunga  pun  sHang 
kembang  berlurohan  di-atas  mayat  Sang  Ranjuna 
saperti  di4udongi  dengan  kain  yang  puteh  rupa- 
nya :  flowers  in  full  bloom  were  falling  over 
the  body  of  Arjuna  to  enshroud  it  as  it  were 
with  a  white  garment ;  Ht.  Sg,  Samb. 


TUDING 


[    198    ] 


TORAK 


L^-^ 


3^y 


t^ji 


Uj^ 


^jy 


tuding.  Indirectness  ;  indirect ;  at  an  angle — 
the  converse  of  tepat ;  q.  v. ;  a  **  pulling  "  stroke 
or  blow,  as  distinct  from  a  straight  drive.  Me- 
nuju  t, :  (in  playing  with  coins)  to  aim  at  the 
edge  instead  of  the  centre — so  as  to  drive 
your  opponent's  coin  into  the  hole  while  keep- 
ing your  own  outside,  Asah  t. :  whetting  the 
edge  of  a  knife  at  an  angle — and  so  spoiling 
its  fineness.  Tudingkan  satih  :  to  bring  a  ship 
over  its  anchor — so  as  to  haul  up  the  anchor 
the  more  easily. 


todak.  (Riau,  Johor).  A  fish  with  a  sword- 
like projection  under  the  mouth ;  a  kind  of 
small  saw-fish  or  sword-fish  ;  belone  strongylu- 
rus.  This  fish,  according  to  legend,  once  took 
the  offensive  against  mankind  and  was  only 
defeated  by  a  child's  stratagem ;  v.  Sej.  Mai., 
82. 


Also  (Kedah)  chenchodak. 


todoh  or  tudoh.  Accusation  (especially  but 
not  necessarily  false  accusation).  Tiyada  ber- 
salahan  todoh-nya :  his  accusation  was  fully 
borne  out ;  Ht.  Best.  Menodoh :  to  bring  a 
charge  against  (a  person);  to  accuse,  to 
slander ;  Ht.  Abd.,  402  ;  Ht.  Gh. ;  Sh.  Abd. 
Mk.,  145. 


jj3  tuwar.  I.  A  signal -light ;  the  lifting  of  a 
torch  or  lamp  by  way  of  a  signal ;  signalling 
by  means  of  lights. 

II.  A  fish-trap  for  the  ikan  aruwan.  Bagai 
aruwan  di-dalam  tuwar :  like  the  aruwan  fish  in 
a  fish-trap;  a  symbol  for  hopeless  struggling; 
Prov.,  J.S.A.S.,  XXIV.,  94. 


taurat.      [  Arab.  oj>y .  ]     The  Law  of  Moses  ; 

the  **Thora"  of  the  Jews;  the  Pentateuch; 
the  Old  Testament.  Kitdb  t, :  the  Jewish 
scriptures.  Ahlu*  t-taurat :  the  Jews.  Kartds 
yang  sudah  tersurat  daripada  taurat :  a  piece  of 
paper  with  a  text  from  the  Pentateuch ;  Ht. 
Isk.  Dz. 


tUTUt.  Following — in  the  sense  of  succession 
or  imitation,  but  not  in  the  sense  of  literally 
pursuing  a  person  walking  in  front ;  sequence, 
in  point  of  time ;  following  advice  or  instruc- 
tions ;  following  the  bent  of  one's  inclinations ; 
giving  a  boat  way  in  contradistinction  to  luff- 
ing ;  to  follow  suit.  Orang  memberi  tahu  pun 
iya  tiyada  mau  turut :  even  if  people  let  him 
know  he  will  not  follow  their  advice ;  Ht.  Abd., 
262.  Berpesan  bMurut,  harap  ada  perchaya 
tidak :  to  commission  a  man  and  yet  accom- 
pany him,  to  expect  something  of  him  and  yet 
not  trust  him  ;  Prov. 

Main  t, :  a  card-game. 

Turutan :  an  example ;  a  thing  to  be  followed 
or  imitated ;  Ht.  Abd.,  96. 


Turuti  :  to  follow ;  to  follow  up ;  to  imitate  ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  128,  157 ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pung.,  2. 
Menurut:  id.  Memiruti :  id.  Ada-pun  berj a- 
Ian  itu  tiyada  menurut  bikas  yang  di-jalani 
orang :  on  that  walk  we  did  not  follow  any 
well  trodden  track;  Ht.  Abd.,  308.  Menurut 
pelajaran :  to  give  ear  to  instruction ;  Sh. 
Nas.,  g.  Memiruti  hati :  to  follow  one's  incli- 
nations ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Turuikan,  and  menurutkan  :  to  take  anything 
as  an  example  to  be  followed ;  to  give  way  to. 
Menurutkan  hati  mati,  menurutkan  rasa  binasa  : 
to  give  way  to  one's  inclinations  means  death ; 
to  give  way  to  one's  passions  means  ruin ; 
Prov.  Menurutkan  kapal :  to  steer  a  ship ; 
Ht,  Jah.,  43. 

Berturut-turut :  successively  ;  in  sequence ; 
Cr.  Gr.,  57;  Ht.  Abd.,  109,  205.  Sa4urut: 
in  concord. 

Cf.  ikut  and  tuntut. 

turas.  Filtration;  Sh.  Bid.  (Leyd.),  276. 
Penuras :  a  kind  of  rough  filter  used  in  the 
native  dyeing  processes. 

turis.  To  scratch  a  line  (intentionally)  along 
anything,  as  one  draws  a  line  on  the  sand. 
A  mbil  ay  am  itu  di-turis  paha-nya  :  take  the  fowl 
and  scratch  a  line  along  its  thigh  ;  Muj.,  62, 

turns.  Erect ;  straight ;  straight  and  strong 
— as  a  tree  or  pillar  ;  anything  that  is  firmly 
erect  such  as  the  main  piles  of  an  ampang,  the 
heavy  piles  of  a  fish-trap,  or  the  columns  which 
support  a  building.  Turns  negeri  :  a  pillar  of 
the  state ;  Sh.  Bid.,  73 ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  26 ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  135,  Choba  choba  menanam  mum- 
bang  jika  hidop  turns  negeri :  try,  try  to  plant 
a  young  coco-nut,  should  it  grow  up  it  may  be 
a  pillar  of  the  state ;  a  difficult  task  may  often 
fail,  but  when  it  succeeds  the  results  are  pro- 
portionately great ;  Prov.,  J.S.A.S.,  III.,  34, 
Saperti  turns  di-tengah  padang  rupa-nya  :  like  a 
pillar  on  a  plain ;  a  conspicuous  and  noble 
looking  object ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 

Menurus :  to  rise  in  pillar-form,  as  smoke  on 
a  still  day. 

Pjl^    toraug.     I.     The  knot  at  the  corner  of  a  mesh. 

II.  Harimau  torang  kasau  :  (Kedah)  a  royal 
tiger,  a  tiger  of  the  largest  size;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah. ;  also  harimau  terong  kasau, 

V— ^2^  turap.  Covering  ;  plastering ;  lining ;  giving 
a  surface  (of  a  different  material)  to  anything — 
as  a  coat  is  lined,  or  as  a  table  is  covered 
with  green  baize. 

C^y    torak.     I.     That  portion  of  the  rahat  through 

which  the  threads  pass  in  the  process  of 
weaving.  Anak  t, :  the  spool  in  weaving. 
Batang  t, :  the  rod  of  the  spool. 

II,  A  kind  of  trident,  somewhat  larger  than 
the  ser ampang ;  Kl. 

III.  Ubi  t. :  a  kind  of  potato.  Kuweh  t. :  a 
cake.  Ikan  gUama  t. :  a  variety  of  the  gelama 
fish,  q.  V. 


TOREK 


[    199    ] 


TOPONG 


^jy  torek.  A  disease  of  the  ears ;  a  running  at 
the  ears. 

jy    tawarrak.     Arab.      Leaning  on  one  side  to 
rest  oneself;  lying  on  the  side;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

^JJy  turun.  Descent;  passage  from  a  higher 
position  to  a  lower,  whether  literal,  as  in  the 
case  of  rainfall,  or  figurative,  as  in  the  case 
of  loss  of  rank ;  descent  from  generation  to 
generation  ;  travelling  to  the  sea  from  a  place 
situated  inland,  or  sailing  from  a  place  which 
is  situated  '' di-atas  angin''  to  a  place  situated 
*'  di-hawah  angin.''     V,  angin. 

Turunan  and  keturunan :  descent;  origin. 
Keturunan  orang  Biirgis :  a  Bugis  by  descent. 
Turun  temurun :  descent — but  used  fre- 
quentatively  in  the  sense  of  a  line  of  ances- 
tors ;  a  pedigree ;  v,  temurun, 

Turunkan  and  menurunkan :  to  lower,  in 
point  of  position  ;  to  abase,  in  point  of  rank. 
Turunkan  senapang  or  menurunkan  senapang : 
to  lower  arms,  i,  e,,  to  bring  muskets  to  the 
third  position  in  presenting  arms ;  Ht.  Abd., 
109.  Turunkan  bandera  :  to  haul  down  a  flag. 
Menurunkan  raja-raja  dari  atas  kerajaan-nya : 
to  remove  sovereigns  from  their  thrones  ;  to 
abase  the  mighty  from  their  seat. 

A  vaJ    turau.     A  fencing  for  the  protection  of  plants ; 
^^-^       Kl. 

3jy    toro.     (  Batavia.  )      Baju    toro :     a  long  baju 
reaching  to  the  foot,  worn  by  male  servants. 

jjy    turn.     Jav.     To  sleep. 

-  ^jy    torah.     A  kind  of  harpoon,  Kl. ;  v.  torak. 

OvJ    torih,     A   deep  indentation  or  scratch  (deeper 
than  turis,  q.  v.). 

lSjj^  turi.  I.  An  ornamental  tree,  agati  gran- 
diflora,  Pohun  t. :  id.,  Cr.  Gr.,  83.  Rimtput 
turi  :  a  grass,  clitoria  cajanifolia.  Daun  t,  : 
id. ;  Ht.  Koris. 

II.  ( Skr.  kasttiri, )  Musk.  Tikus  turi  : 
the  musk  rat ;  v.  kesturi, 

^y»^  tuwas.  The  application  of  leverage  whether 
in  house  building  to  raise  heavy  weights,  or 
as  a  form  of  torture  for  nearly  breaking  a 
man's  limbs,  or  in  a  large  fish-trap  for  raising 
the  net  at  the  bottom;  (Riau,  Johor — by 
extension)  a  large  deep-water  fish-trap,  the 
Kedah  jeremal.  In  Kedah  the  word  is  also 
used  as  a  slang  expression  meaning  to  run 
away,  to  bolt,  to  abscond. 

^^ji  tuwis.  To  separate  two  hard  bodies  with  a 
lever,  Kl. ;  v.  tuwas. 

^^y    tusuk.     Penetration  with  a  thin   instrument, 
e,g,,  the  driving  in  of  a  nail ;  v.  also  chuchok. 


|3y 


tuwang.  I.  Pouring  out ;  emptying  through 
a  spout  or  in  any  regular  way,  Menuwang 
^nd  menuwangkan :  to  pour  out ;  to  serve  out 
liquids.  Saperti  orang  menuwangkan  sa-cha- 
wan  ayer  iawar  ka-dalam  laut :  like  a  man 
emptying  a  glass  of  fresh  water  into  the  sea, 
i.  e,,  wasted  effort ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  357,  5a- 
telah  sudah  maka  Putera  Jaya  Pati  pun  menu- 
wangkan pula  minuman :  when  it  was  over,  the 
Prince  Jaya  Pati  poured  out  drinks  ae:ain  ; 
Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

II.  Tuwang4uwang  :  a  thick  hollow  bam- 
boo or  horn  blown  into  by  way  of  signal  at 
sea,  or  to  rouse  a  newly-born  child  which  does 
not  at  first  show  any  signs  of  life,  or,  again, 
as  used  by  Chinese  pork-hawkers. 

tongong.  Stupidity  (but  not  so  strong  an 
expression  as  dengu,  q.  v.) ;  dullness. 

tungap.  I.  (Kedah.)  To  die,  to  give  up  the 
ghost.     The  word  is  somewhat  vulgar. 

II.     Tetungap 
salted  fish. 


(Kedah)    a  preparation    of 


tungol.  A  kind  of  padi  (unidentified),  J.  I. 
A.,  I.,  331- 

tungau.  A  louse  ;  a  kind  of  tick.  Bagai 
ayam  kena  tungau  :  like  a  fowl  worried  by 
insects,  a  symbol  for  a  fidgety  person  ;  Prov. 

taufik.  x\rab.  Divine  aid ;  the  help  of  the 
Almighty;  Muj.,  12,  17,  Memohunkan  taufik  : 
praying  for  the  help  of  the  Almighty ;  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  385. 

tuwap.  A  splint  of  rattans  when  fastened 
together  in  the  manner  known  as  simpuU  q«  v. 

tupis  or  topes.  A  very  steeply  graded  bank 
by  the  edge  ;  precipitous  slope  or  fall  ;  cf. 
tuhir  and  tepi. 

topang  or  tupang.  The  forked  supports  of  a 
kajang  in  a  native  boat ;  a  forked  stick  used 
for  keeping  a  criminaPs  head  under  water 
when  condemned  to  death  by  drowning. 

Layar  t. :  the  foresail  in  a  Malay  boat ;  Pel. 
Abd.,  114. 

topeng.  Jav.  Masked  dancers — the  masks 
representing  the  faces  of  ancient  heroes  of 
Javanese  history,  and  the  dances  and  events 
from  that  history  ;  Ht,  Sg.  Samb.  ;  Ht. 
Jay.  Lengg. ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  9. 

Bertopeng :  to  plaster  the  face  with  cosmetics 
(bedak). 


jt^y    topong.     A  small  bag  made  of  mengkuwang  or 

^  handanuR       leaves 


pandanus 
helachan. 


and     used     for     carrying 


T.  belachan :  (i)  a  belachan  bag,  as  above ; 
(2)  a  descriptive  name  for  a  peculiar  way  of 
fastening  the  kerchief  (sapu4angan)  on  the 
head. 


J 


TOPEK 


[      2<K>      ] 


TOKAK 


^y    topek.     Slicing  into  thin  slices ;  the  slicing  of 
meat  for  drying. 

j3aI  tupai.  I.  A  generic  name  for  a  number  of 
small  insectivorous  animals  either  squirrels  or 
resembling  squirrels.  Nyior  di-Ubok  tupai,  or 
nyior  di-keribok  tupai :  a  coco-nut  tapped  by 
a  squirrel,  a  metaphor  for  an  unmarried  girl 
who  has  been  seduced.  Kera  lotong  tMalu 
makan,  tupai  di-julai  timpa  perasan :  when  the 
monkeys  eat  too  much,  the  squirrels  on  the 
lower  branches  have  to  suifer  for  it ;  the  ex- 
cesses of  the  great  fall  on  their  dependents ; 
Prov. 

T.  jinjing :  a  small  animal,  scitirus  bicolor, 

T,  kerawah :  a  small  animal,  sciurtis  rafflesii, 

T.  melompat :  a  creeper  (unidentified). 

T,  nandong :  a  small  animal,  the  Javanese 
wijong, 

T,  tanah :  a  small  animal,  tamias  lysteri  or 
tupaia  lysteri, 

T. -tupai :  small  pegs  in  the  side  of  a  pole  to 
allow  of  its  being  climbed. 

Pokok  t. :  a  tree,  polyosma  mutabilis, 

II.  A  native  cooking  place.  Orang  ber- 
tupai :  the  cooks — on  a  ship ;  v.  Malay  Mari- 
time Law,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  72. 

^J    topi.     Hind.     A  hat,  especially  a  solah  topee 
-  or  sun-hat.     Orang  bertopi :  Europeans  gener- 

ally. 


6^ 


tuwak.     Palm  wine;   fermented   spirit  made 

from  palm-juice. 

T.  kabong :  the  fermented  juice  of  the  enau 
palm. 

r.  kelapa  :  fermented  coco-nut  juice. 

Gula  t. :    coco-nut  juice    which   has    been 
boiled  for  two  or  three  hours. 


toka  or  tuka. 


a  small  ray;  J.  I. 
and  (Riau,  Johor) 


Tuka-tuka :  (Kedah)  a  fish, 
A.,  III.,  448.  Also  tUuka, 
sBtoka. 


tukar.     Change  by  substitution ;   the  taking 
and  replacing  of  one  thing  by  another. 

Tukaran :  an  exchange ;  a  thing  given  or 
received  in  exchange ;  Ht.  Abd.,  350. 

Tukarkan:  to  exchange;  to  effect  an  ex- 
change. Di'tukarkan-nya-lah  akhirat  yang 
kekal  itu  dengan  kemuliyaan  dunya  yang  fand 
ini :  they  exchanged  the  future  life,  which  is 
eternal,  for  the  glories  of  this  perishable 
world;  Ht.  Abd.,  291. 

Bertukar :  to  exchange ;  to  give  and  receive 
in  exchange.  Bertukar  chinchin :  to  exchange 
rings — in  token  of  betrothal.  BMukar-lah 
duka  chita-nya  itu  dengan  suka  chita:  sorrow 
was  exchanged  for  joy. 

Menukar:  to  exchange.  Minukar  'ddat:  to 
give  up  old  customs  for  new. 


{j^J^  tukas.  I.  The  bringing  of  a  charge  of  adul- 
tery or  fornication  against  a  person,  whether 
that  charge  be  true  or  false. 

Manukas :  to  bring  such  a  charge ;  Sh.  Peng.,  8. 

II.  Palm  (unidentified)  the  soft  pith  of 
which  is  used  as  tinder.  Rabok  t, :  the  tinder 
so  obtained. 


LT^ 


^  tukus.  Angin  ^^Aws ;  the  name  given  to  the 
first  squalls  from  the  N.  E.  after  the  cessation 
of  the  S.  W.  monsoon  ;  Kl.  =  angin  tikus  ? 


ff^ 


»  J  tokong.  I.  A  large  treeless  rock  or  small 
treeless  rocky  island,  as  opposed  to  an  island 
with  vegetation.  Tokong  pulau :  rocks  and 
islands;  islands  generally;  Ht.  Abd.,  198;  Ht. 
Koris. 

Layang'layang  t, :  the  swallow  or  martin 
which  constructs  the  well-known  edible  bird's 
nest.     Also  burong  tokong, 

II.  The  shaving  of  a  woman's  head  either 
in  disease  or  as  a  mark  of  disgrace. 

III.  (Chin.)  A  Chinese  temple;  cf.  tope- 
kong,  which,  however,  is  the  *'joss"  itself,  as 
distinct  from  the  joss-house  (tokong),  though 
etymologically  the  same. 

IV.  r.  bulu:  a  weed  with  small  lilac 
flowers,  hedyotis  vestita. 


c?s 


*jJ    tukang.     A  skilled  workman  ;  a  mechanic  ;  an 
artificer ;  cf.  pandai  and  juru. 

T,  agong :  the  chief  petty  officer  in  3.perahu. 

T,  besi :  a  blacksmith. 

T,  chap  :  a  printer, 

T.  kayu  :  a  carpenter. 

T.  kukus  nasi:  a  cook;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.     Also 
t.  masak,  and  juru  masak. 

T,  mas :  a  goldsmith. 

T.  petak :  the  officer  in  charge  of  the  hold 
and  of  the  loading  of  a  native  perahu, 

T.  roti:  a  baker;  Ht.  Hamz.,  2. 

T,  sepatu  :  a  cobbler. 

T,  tembaga :  a  coppersmith. 

T,  tilek  :  a  fortune-teller. 

r.  ubat:  a  preparer  of  magical  simples;  a 
philtre  maker. 

Menjadi  tukang :  to  become  a  skilled  work- 
man; Ht.  Abd.,  140. 

Minunjokkan    ketukang-nya :    to  display  his 
skill  as  a  craftsman,  Ht.  Koris. 

Menukangi :  to  construct ;  to  make  anything 
requiring  mechanical  skill;  Sej.  Mai.,  34. 


jSj 


y    tokak.     I.      A    kind   of   ulcer   on    the   shin, 

rather  more  serious  than  kudis,  q.  v.,  but  less 
serious  than  p^kong,  q.  v. 

IL    The  name  of  an  edible  salt-water  fish. 


TO'KEK 


[      201       ] 


TOGOK 


J^. 


y 


J^ 


J^ 


III.  Patches  of  hair  left  on  the  head  after 
shaving,  either  left  unintentionally  owing  to 
the  bluntness  of  parts  of  the  razor  or  inten- 
tionally because  of  any  skin  disease.  T. 
takek:  uneven,  of  hair-cutting,  or  of  grass- 
cutting. 

IV.  Biting, — used  of  dogs,  sharks,  croco- 
diles, tigers,  and  other  animals  which  use 
their  teeth  as  a  weapon  of  offence.  Bertokak- 
tokak  :  to  fight  with  their  teeth  (of  two  lions); 
Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 

to'kek.     [Onom.,  from  the  animal's  cry.]    The 

gecko,  gecko  monarchus  or  platydadylus  guttatus. 
Also  t^kek, 

tokek.     Pinang  iokek  :  an  areca-nut  peeled  for 

consumption.     Kepala  t. :  a  head  with  many 
bald  patches  on  it ;  cf.  tokak. 


tokok.    I. 

and  above 
increase  it  a  little  ? 


A  small  increase  ;  something  over 
Choba  tokok  sadikit :  cannot  you 


11.  [Chin,  tho-khd,]  A  large  warehouse, 
a  godown.     Better  toko. 

tawakkul.  Arab.  Surrender  to  God's 
will ;  trust  in  God.  Maka  tawakkuUlah  aku 
kapada  Allah:  I  resigned  myself  to  God's  will ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  308. 

Tawakkul  kapada  ildhi  rabbi  :  trusting  in  the 
Lord  God ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  7. 

Untong  t.  :  at  a  risk,  at  a  venture. 

Bertawakkul :  resigned,  resignation ;  often 
corrupted  in  form  to  batu  ^akaL 

tukal.  I.  A  measure  for  thread;  about  16 
riyan,  a  riyan  being  a  small  parcel  of  skeins 
(unting) ;  a  parcel  of  some  16  or  20  tukal 
constitutes  a  bantal ;  while  about  40  bantal 
make  up  a  bandela  or  bale.  Benang  sa4ukal : 
a  parcel  of  skeins ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

II.  The  mark  left  on  the  skin  by  the  pres- 
sure of  a  comparatively  blunt  point  which  does 
not  actually  break  the  skin. 

III.  A  pointed  stick  used  in  ladang  culti- 
vation ;  better  tugal,  q.  v. 


I,     A  plant  (unidentified) ;  J.  I.  A.,  I. 


tuML 
255. 

II.  (Kedah.)  A  vessel  for  carrying  liquid ; 
a  vessel  made  of  a  joint  of  bamboo  and  used 
as  a  receptacle  for  nira  or  milk ;  a  sort  of 
bamboo  money  box  made  of  a  joint  of  bamboo 
closed  at  each  extremity  but  slit  at  the  centre 
so  as  to  allow  of  money  being  dropped  into  it. 
Cf.  (Riau,  Johor)  tabong,  Bagai  tebuwan  dalam 
tukil:  (buzzing)  like  a  hornet  in  a  bamboo 
vessel  (from  which  it  cannot  get  out),  a  simile 
for  a  man  with  a  nasal  intonation  or  for  fussy 
and  useless  effort ;  Prov. 


j^ 


tukul.  I.  A  small  hammer;  hammering; 
striking  with  a  hammer.  T.  best:  an  iron 
hammer;  Ht.  Si  Misk.,  50.  Duwa  kalitukuly 
empat  lekor  paku  lekat :  with  every  two  blows 
of  the  hammer,  twenty-four  nails  were  ham- 
mered in;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  28. 

II.     A    shoot    or    sprout  ;   also   tunas    and 
gagang;  Cr.,  I.,  68. 

ij3    tukam,     A  stick ;  a  club ;  a  knuckle-duster ;  Kl. 

^  y  tuklin,  (Kedah.)  A  sunken  rock  as  a  danger 
to  navigation.  Kapal  belay ar,  terlanggar  tukun^ 
pechah  berlobang  sudah  tenggelam :  the  ship 
when  sailing  struck  a  hidden  rock,  it  sprung  a 
leak  and  sank, 

Kalati   tuwan  pergi   ka-kebtm, 
Lihat  bunga   kembang  pagi ; 

Tuwan   empama   beting   dan  tukun^ 
Dudok   di-dalam  lindongkan   dirt : 

you,  Sir,  are  like  a  mud-bank  or  a  sunken 
rock,  you  keep  in  the  background  and  conceal 
your  presence. 


toko.    [Chin,   tho-khd,]      A  large   warehouse ; 
a  godown;  Kam.  Kech.,  11. 


J>y    tuku.    Jav.     To  buy. 


y  tokoh.  I.  Form;  character ;  quahty ;  type; 
of  goods  ;  good  make.  Sa-tokoh  ini :  of  make 
such  as  this ;  of  this  make. 

II.  r.  kemudi  :  a  portion  of  the  rudder;  Kl. 

III.  The  tightening  of  a  knot  by  the  sus- 
pension of  a  heavy  weight  at  the  end  of  the 
string  or  by  any  other  way  of  bringing  a 
strain  to  bear  upon  it. 


Sy 
fy 


tauke.  [Chin,  thau-ke.]  An  employer  of 
labour ;  a  capitalist ;  a  "  towkay"  ;  a  Chinese 
merchant ;  the  head  of  a  Chinese  firm. 

tauMl.  Arab.  The  position  of  a  wakU,  q.  v. ; 
trusteeship. 

tugar.  A  pointed  stick  used  in  ladang  culti- 
vation ;  better  tugal ^  q.  v. 

tugas.  Continuous  and  strong,  of  a  wind ; 
steady,  of  a  gale ;  continuously-hard,  of  work, 

togok.  A  mutilated  limbless  body;  a  body 
with  stumps  for  arms  and  legs ;  ugly,  mal- 
formed or  deformed.  Belayar  t. :  to  sail  with 
only  a  storm  sail  set. 

Si'togok,  or  setogok  :  the  long-nosed  clown  in 
B.wayang;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  ;  the  long-nosed 
monkey  of  Borneo. 


26 


TOGEL 


[      202      ] 


TULANG 


J9 


J^ 


U-!^ 


togel.  Tailless;  stumpy  behind,  as  a  horse 
whose  tail  has  been  docked,  or  as  a  fowl  whose 
tail-feathers  have  been  pulled  out.  Ayam 
togel  sa-ekor :  a  tailless  fowl ;  Ht.  Raj.  Don., 
49. 

tugal.  A  pointed  stick  used  for  making  holes 
in  the  ground  to  receive  the  seed  in  ladang  or 
dry  padi  cultivation ;  the  process  of  making 
such  holes.  A  sal  engkau  tugal ^  ada-lah  bBneh  : 
if  you  make  holes  for  planting,  the  seed  will 
be  there  for  you  to  plant ;  if  you  give  cause 
for  offence,  others  will  be  ready  to  be  offend- 
ed ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  89. 

togan.  I.  To  break  a  contract  of  service, 
as  a  sailor  before  the  expiry  of  the  term  of 
engagement;  Kl. 

II.  To  aim  at  something  (as  in  certain 
games). 

tauge.  [Chin,  tail'ge.]  A  vegetable;  bean 
sprouts. 

Anting-anting  tauge :  ear-pendants  worn  by 
Chinese  and  Malay  maidens. 

tuwal.  A  short  stump  of  wood  cut  off  from 
the  main  piece. 

tUWiL  A  lever  for  slightly  moving  or  raising 
a  heavy  mass.  If  for  lifting  the  mass  into  the 
air,  tuwas,  q.  v. 

taulat.  [Arab.  ^  j  .]  Injury,  calamity,  a 
calamity  brought  on  by  a  malediction  ;  v.  tulah. 

tulat.  The  third  day  hence ;  the  day  after 
the  day  after  to-morrow. 

tulis.  Writing  ;  painting  ;  the  representation 
of  characters,  figures  or  patterns  upon  any 
surface  by  means  of  paint,  dye  or  ink — as 
distinct  from  carving,  inlaying  or  engraving. 
Laksana  gambar  beharu  di4ulis :  like  a  newly 
painted  picture;  Cr.  Gr.,  31. 

Jurti  t. :  a  writer  ;  a  scribe ;  a  clerk. 

Ttdisan  :  writing  ;  handwriting ;  anything 
written.  Rupa  tulisan-mu  sapMi  chakar  ayam  : 
your  handwriting  resembles  the  scratching  of 
a  fowl ;  Ht.  Abd.,  39. 

Tuliskan  :  to  write  down  (anything) ;  to  paint, 
Ht.  Abd.,  21.     MBnuliskan  :  id. 

Berttdis :  inscribed  with  painted  characters 
or  figures,  Tunggul  bertulis  si-rajawali :  a 
banner  with  the  device  of  a  falcon  painted  on 
it;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  14. 

Menulis  :  to  write  (intransitive).  Tulis  m.  : 
writing  generally;  the  art  of  writing. 

tulus.  Sincerity;  genuineness;  earnestness; 
straightforward  and  friendly  feeling.  Tulus 
ikhlds :  sincerity  and  candour — a  favourite 
expression  to  describe  the  feelings  inspiring  a 
Malay  letter ;  Ht.  Abd.,  199,  222,  466. 


t^y 


^ 


tolong  or  tulong.  Help;  assistance;  aid. 
Sometimes  [  in  the  Straits  Settlements  ]  with 
the  additional  meaning  of  favour  or  mercy. 
Tolong  anjing  di-sepit :  to  help  a  dog  that  has 
got  jammed ;  to  nurse  a  viper  ;  Prov. 

Tolongan :  assistdLVice ;  Ht.  Abd.,  179,  261, 
Ketolongan:  id;  Ht.  Abd.,  51.  Pertolong:  id.; 
Sh.  Bid.,  49.  Pertolongan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
29 ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  18. 

Tolongi  and  menolongi :  to  bring  assistance 
to  ;  to  aid.  M,  Maharaja  Boma  :  to  come  up 
to  the  aid  of  Maharaja  Boma ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
Di'tolongi  Tuhan  :  to  receive  Divine  assistance, 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  25. 

Menolong :  to  aid ;  to  assist ;    Ht.  Abd.,  458. 

Penolong  :  a  helper;    Ht.  Abd.,  96, 

tulang.  A  bone ;  a  portion  of  the  framework 
of  anything.  Ringan  tulang  berat  pBrut :  light 
bones  make  a  heavy  belly ;  industry  leads  to 
good  feeding ;  Prov.  Lidah-nya  tidak  beriu- 
lang :  his  tongue  has  no  bone  in  it ;  he  speaks 
without  thinking,  no  attention  should  be  paid 
to  his  words ;  Prov.  Tinggal  tulang  dengan 
kulit :  skin  and  bone  only  were  left ;  Ht,  Isk. 
Dz.  I  si  lemak  dapat  ka-orang,  tulang  bulu 
pulang  ka-kita :  the  flesh  and  fat  go  to  others, 
the  bones  and  feathers  come  to  us ;  others  get 
the  half-pence  and  we  get  the  kicks ;  Prov. 
Biyar  puteh  tulang,  jangan  puteh  mata :  let 
your  bones  whiten  but  not  your  eyes ;  better 
death  than  shame  ;  Prov. 

T.  ayer :  a  groove  in  a  column ;  a  runnel. 
Also  tali  ayer, 

T.  belakang :  the  dorsal  vertebrse. 

T.  belikat:  the  shoulder-bone. 

T.  belut :  a  cross-stitch,  any  cross-woven 
pattern. 

T.  bukit :  a  scandent  shrub,  derris  thyrsiflora. 

T.  bumbong :  the  ridge-pole  in  a  house. 

T,  chaping  :  the  xiphoid  process.  Also  tulang 
ulu  hati,  and  ttdang  sudii  hati, 

T,  daim:  the  line  running  down  the  centre  of 
a  leaf. 

T.  daing  :  a  tree,  milletia  abupurpurea. 

T.  dayong :  the  scapula  or  shoulder-blade. 

T.  hutan  :  a  scandent  shrub,  mcesa  ramentacea, 

T.  hiring  :  the  tibia  or  shin-bone. 

T,  kilek  buyong  :  the  crest  of  the  ilium. 

T.  nt'Uda  :  a  rib.     Also  t,  rusok, 

r.  padang :  a  climbing  shrub,  connarus  gib- 
bosus  and  c.  grandis, 

T.  papan  :  the  lumnar  vertebrae. 

T,  papan  dada  :  the  sternum  or  breast-bone. 

T,  perahu  :  the  ribs  of  a  boat. 

r.  pungkor  or  t,  punggor :  the  pubic  bones. 

T.  rawan :  the  breast-bone  in  an  animal. 

T.  rimau  niHangis  :  the  manubrium. 

r.  rusok  :  the  ribs.     Also  t,  muda, 

r,  sHangka  :  the  collar-bone. 


TOLAK 


[    203    ] 


TULI 


^^ 


o^y 


T.  som :  a  pubic-bone  in  a  woman. 

7\  sudu  hati :  the  xiphoid  process ;  v.  supra. 

T.  sulbi :  the  coccyx.  Also  t,  tongkeng  or  t. 
tonggeng. 

T.-Udang  :  a  plant,  garcinia  nigrolineata,  or 
psychotria  malayanci. 

T,  ulu  hati  :  the  xiphoid  process ;  v.  supra. 

Uhi  t. :  whalebone. 

Akar  keras  t. :  a  medicinal  herb  (unidenti- 
fied). 

tolak.      The  act  of  repelling  or  pushing  back  ; 

keeping  anything  at  a  distance ;  pushing  away. 
Tolak  tangga  berayun  kaki :  push  away  the 
ladder  and  your  feet  remain  dangling  in  the 
air ;  don't  despise  the  means  by  which  you 
have  risen,  and  do  not  abandon  them  too 
soon ;  Prov.  Mar  ah  jangan  di-pukatj  razki  jan- 
gan  di'tolak  :  do  not  net  anger,  do  not  repel 
your  daily  bread  ;  do  not  quarrel  with  your 
best  interests ;  Prov, 

T.  bara  or  t,  behara  :  ballast. 

T.  beta  or  t,  bald :  a  propitiatory  offering  against 
evil ;  a  system  of  insurance  by  sacrifice  to  evil 
spirits.  Tuwan  ptiteri  itu  raja  hendak  buwat 
tolak  bald  melepaskan  daripada  behaya  negeri  : 
the  King  wished  to  use  his  daughter  as  a  pro- 
pitiatory offering  to  save  the  land  from  cala- 
mity; Ht.  Best.  Ayer  tolak  bald :  sacrificial 
or  holy  water;  Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  43. 

Tolakkan :  menolak ;  and  menolakkan :  to 
push  away  from  one ;  to  keep  anything  off. 
Menarekkan  kebajikan  atau  menolakkan  k^jaha- 
tan :  to  draw  prosperity  towards  one  or  keep 
reverses  off  one;  Muj.,  3.  Ada-kah  buwaya 
menolakkan  bangkai :  does  a  crocodile  keep  a 
carcase  at  a  distance?    Prov.,  J.S.A.S.,  I.,  8g. 

Rimau   kena  penjara 

PBlandok   kechil  menolakkan   mara : 

the  tiger  was  in  captivity  when  a  little  mouse- 
deer  removed  the  danger  to  him ;  a  small  helper 
may  often  be  of  vital  assistance  to  a  great 
man  ;  Prov.  Saperti  selodang  menolakkan  may- 
ang :  as  the  palm  sheath  shoots  forth  its 
flower;  self-revelation  ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL, 

63- 

Penolak  :  a  thing  which  serves  to  keep  some- 
thing else  off.  ^Aztmat  penolak  kejahatan 
orang :  a  charm  to  keep  off  the  evil  of  any 
sorcery  that  may  be  brought  into  action 
against  one;  Muj.,  81. 

tolok.  I.  Matching;  a  peer;  a  match;  a 
pair.  Manis-nya  tidak  dapat  di-tolok :  her 
sweetness  was  beyond  comparison;  Sh.  Sri 
Ben.,  50.  Tiyada  tMolok  :  incomparable,  un- 
equalled. Tolok  banding:  an  equal,  a  peer, 
one  to  be  compared  with ;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  32. 
Sa4olok :  comparable;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  i. 

Menolok  :  to  equal,  to  compare  with,  to  be  a 
match  for ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Pinolok :  a  match  or  peer.  Yang  penolok 
segala  nabi  itu :  the  equal  of  all  those  Prophets ; 
Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  4. 


c)J 


J'y 


II.  [Dutch  tolk.]     An  interpreter. 

III.  A  tree  with  edible  fruit, — the  Javanese 
gayam  ;  inocarpm  edulis, 

taulan.  (Tamil.)  A  friend  ;  a  comrade.  Sa- 
orang  taulan  hamba  :  a  friend  of  mine.  Han- 
dai  taulan  :  friends  and  comrades;  Ht.  Abd., 
23. 

tulen.  Jav.  Genuine;  pure;  unalloyed — 
especially  of  metals.  Mas  t, :  pure  gold. 
Belanda  t. :  a  Holland-born  Dutchman.  Sa- 
t, :  of  equal  genuineness ;  of  similar  refine- 
ment. 

aJaJ  tolo,  I.  Impulsiveness  and  inconstancy ;  the 
character  of  a  man  who  for  the  moment 
believes  and  acts  upon  anything  said  to  him. 

II.  The  (Chinese)  headman  of  a   gambier 
plantation. 

III.  Tali  sa4olo  or  any  am  sa4olo  :   a  quad- 
ruple strand;  a  rope  made  up  of  four  plaits. 


aJj 


^y 


toleh  or  tuleh.  A  side-look,  a  backward  or 
sidelong  momentary  glance, — by  turning  the 
head  without  moving  the  body.  Menoleh :  to 
give  such  a  look.  Menoleh  ka-bBlakang :  to 
look  back  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Pertolehan :  turning.  Pertolehan  hari :  the 
turning-points  of  the  sun's  course,  the  period 
at  which  the  sun  appears  to  descend  vertically 
(about  3  or  4  p.m.)  or  to  desist  from  ascend- 
ing vertically  (about  8  or  g  a.m.) ;  Ht.  Isk. 
Dz.  Toleh  tenggala :  id. ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama 
(Maxw.),  14.  Toleh  tenggala  muda:  7  or  8  a.m. 
Toleh  tenggala  tuwa  :  9  or  10  a.m. 

tulah.     [Arab.  ^j.  ]     Injury;  misfortune;  a 

calamity  consequent  upon  a  curse  or  sacrilege. 
Tuwan-ku  ini  tulah  uleh  Raja  Melaka  berkirim 
sembah  itu:  this  curse  has  fallen  on  your 
Majesty  because  of  the  King  of  Malacca's  sub- 
missive letter;  Sej.  Mai.,  157.  Tulah  patek 
menjadi  batu  :  the  curse  on  me  has  taken  the 
form  of  my  being  turned  to  stone;  Sh.  Sri 
Ben,,  56. 

T.  papa :  the  calamity  of  poverty  ;  the  curse 
of  being  poor;  a  curse  generally;  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  57;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed. ;  Ht. 
Perb.  Jay. 

tuli.  I.  Deafness;  deaf.  Butat.:  blind  and 
deaf.  Memukul  orang  buta  tuli :  (i)  to  afflict  a 
man  with  blindness  and  deafness;  (2)  to  hit 
blindly  right  and  left.  Orang  buta  dapat  long- 
kat  di'pukul  buta  tuli :  when  a  blind  man  gets 
a  stick  he  hits  right  and  left;  do  not  give 
weapons  to  those  unfit  to  use  them;  Prov. 
Tuli  pekak  telinga  segala  yang  men^ngarkan : 
the  ears  of  all  who  heard  it  were  deafened ; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

MBnulikan:  to  deafen  ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Also 
tulikan;  Ht.  Raj.  Kh.,  25. 

Pipit  t. :  the  common  sparrow;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XL,  148. 


TUWAM 


[    204    ] 


TUNANG 


II.  Tuli'tuli :  the  threads  attaching  a  cer- 
tain kind  of  ftM's-sheath  to  the  belt.  Mas 
tuli  :  gold  thread.  Mas  tuli :  a  heavy  cloth 
woven  with  lines  of  gold  thread. 


^^  tuwam.  The  application  of  a  hot  dry  poul- 
tice— such  as  a  heated  stone  or  a  bag  of  hot 
ashes — to  a  diseased  part ;  Ht.  Abd.,  20. 


ry 


.y 


tuma.  A  parasitic  insect ;  a  parasite  of  the 
fowl ;  a  kind  of  louse  that  does  not  bite  like 
a  flea.  Kerana  pijat  matt  tuma:  the  tuma 
suffers  on  account  of  the  flea;  avoid  bad  com- 
pany~~the  flea  and  this  louse  being  friends, 
the  agile  flea  does  the  mischief  and  escapes, 
leaving  the  tuma  to  bear  the  consequences ; 
Prov.  Orang  jawa  beberek  makan  tuma :  the 
Javanese  are  like  insectivorous  birds;  they 
eat  lice;  Prov.,  J.S.A.S.,  III.,  46.  Takutkan 
tuma  di'buwangkan  kain  dari  hadan :  to  strip 
ojff  one's  clothes  for  fear  of  the  fleas ;  to  sub- 
mit to  a  great  evil  for  fear  of  a  lesser ;  Prov., 
J.S.A.S.,  XL,  45.  Saperti  ayam  kena  tuma: 
like  a  flea-pestered  fowl ;  a  symbol  for  a  fidgety 
person  ;  Prov.  Minindas  tuma  :  to  kill  lice ; 
Pel.  Abd.,  32. 

Di-manakan   tuma  hidop-nya  pula, 
Jika   ta' -makan  di-atas   kepala : 

how  is  a  louse  to  live  if  it  is  not  to  forage  on 
our  heads?  Prov.,  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

a  descriptive  epithet  to  objects 
roof)  the  angle  of  which  is  very 
the    curvature   of   which   is   very 


Dada  t,  : 
( such  as  a 
obtuse  or 
gradual. 


tmnit.  The  heel  of  the  foot.  Tumit-nya  ha- 
gat  telor-nya  burong :  her  heel  was  like  a  bird's 
egg — a  shape  much  admired  (Sh.  Ik.  Trub., 
3);  other  admired  shapes  being:  tumit-nya 
sapBrti  pauh  di4arek  :  like  a  rounded  pauh  fruit 
(Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.) ;  and  tumit-nya  bagai  ling- 
kuwas  muda :  like  the  young  lengkuwas  fruit 
(Ht.  Koris). 

J.  tangan :  the  portion  of  the  hand  nearest 
the  centre  of  the  wrist. 

r.  tiyang :  the  truck  of  a  mast. 

trnnis.  Cooking  by  frying  in  oil  with  onions  ; 
seasoning  a  dish. 

tumus  or  tomos.  Falling  forwards  on  the 
face,  as  distinct  from  falling  on  the  face  and 
chest,  (jerumus).  Rebah  teHomos :  to  fall 
sprawling  forward. 

tomong.  A  sort  of  short  thick  cannon  mount- 
ed like  a  lela;  a  native  mortar  or  howitzer. 

tmnang.  A  short  peg  or  stake  driven  into  the 
ground  like  a  tent-peg  and  used  to  fasten  a 
buffalo  to,  or  for  any  similar  purpose ;  a  wooden 
rest  for  a  saucepan ;  Sej.  Mai.,  iii. 

Menumangkan:  to  tie  up;  to  expose  a  fettered 
man  to  die ;  Ht.  Perb,  Jay. 


^y^y  toman  or  tuman.  A  freshwater  fish, 
ophiocephalus  striatus ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  14;  Sh. 
Pant.  Shi.,  10 ;  Pel.  Abd.,  49.  Bagai  toman 
makan  anak-nya :  like  the  toman  which  eats  its 
young ;  used  in  speaking  of  a  woman  whose 
children  for  some  reason  or  another  do  not 
live  long  ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  95. 

tumu.  A  kind  of  tree  which  grows  by  the  sea 
side,  didymocarpus  crinitus;  Sej.  MaL,  116. 

tuna.  [Skr.  tuna.]  A  wound,  a  poetical  equi- 
valent for  luka,  Hati-nya  tuna :  his  feelings 
were  wounded ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Untong  yang 
tuna:  evil  fortune;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

tuwan.  Master  ;  lord  ;  lady — an  honorific 
title  applied  to  Europeans  (men  only) 
generally,  to  Malay  men  and  women  of  a 
certain  rank,  to  saiyids  and  shanfahs  and  to 
hajis  of  either  sex. 

T.  besar :  the  chief — a  term  used  in  speaking 
of  the  head  of  a  department  or  firm  in  which 
more  than  one  European  is  employed. 

T,  puteri  :  the  princess. 

Bertuwan  :  to  have  a  master  ;  to  be  em- 
ployed under  some  one.  Bertuwankan :  to 
serve ;  to  accept  service  under ;  to  enter  the 
service  of.  Maka  sa-orang  lagi  berkata  dan- 
pada  aku  bertuwankan  Maharaja  Boma  itu  sa- 
ribu  kali  mahu  aku  bertuwankan  Sang  Samba 
ini :  then  said  another :  rather  than  accept 
the  Maharaja  Boma  as  my  Lord,  I  would  a 
thousand  times  be  the  servant  of  Sang 
Samba;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Tuwan-ku  :  My  Lord ;  a  title  usually  con- 
fined to  the  sovereign.  Yang  di-pertuwan  or 
yamtuwan  :  the  ruler ;  the  king  or  prince  of  a 
Malay  State. 

Pertuwanan  :  the  rank  of  a  tuwan ;  distin- 
guished or  honourable  birth.  Anak  pertu- 
wanan: children  of  rank;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg, 

tunas.  A  young  shoot  or  sprout  from  a  tree- 
trunk  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Cr.  Gr.,  68.  Bertunas  : 
to  sprout.  Hendak  bertunas  sudah  di-petek^ 
lama-lama  mati-lah  pokok  :  if  you  keep  con- 
tinually breaking  off  growing  twigs  to  get  fresh 
sprouts,  you  will  end  by  kilHng  the  tree; 
over-eagerness  often  defeats  its  own  ends; 
Prov. 

T,  padi  :  blades  that  shoot  up  in  the  stubble 
after  the  padi  has  been  harvested. 

iJy  tunang.  Troth;  betrothal.  Tunangan :  the 
^  betrothed  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  410  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 
Tunangan-nya  tuwan  puteri  :  the  princess,  his 
betrothed.  Bertunangan  :  engaged  to  be 
married;  Ht.  Abd.;  Ht.  Koris.;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 
Peluru  tunang  :  magic  shot  which  never  fails 
to  hit  the  mark;  Pel.  Abd.,  iii,  114.  Also 
peluru  jampi  penunang, 

Tunangkan :  to  betroth  one  person  to 
another;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  59. 

Pertunangan:  betrothal,  the  betrothed;  Ht. 
Ind.  Nata. 


u^y 


TUNAK 


[    205    ] 


TUWI 


^y  tunak.  Steadily  attached;  firmly  fixed  to  a 
place.  Hamba  dan  s^haya  semuwa-nya  tunak  : 
his  slaves  and  dependents  were  all  attached 
to  him  ;  Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  12. 


(^ 


tunam.  The  match  applied  to  a  cannon  to 
fire  it  off.  Di'pegang  tunam  di4angan :  he 
had  the  match  in  his  hand ;  Pel.  Abd.,  45. 
Sudah  di-isi  di-bakar  tunam  :  when  it  was 
loaded  they  lit  the  fuse;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  23. 
Membakar  tunam  :  to  light  a  fuse  ;  Ht.  Best. 

In  Riau  and  Johor  the  word  is  also  used  of 
any  torch  which  gives  light  when  well  shaken  ; 
cf.  andang. 


Cry    tunun.     Burning  up,   consumption   by   fire  ; 
usually  tunu,  q.  v. 

»  «» 
J^J^  tunu.  The  consumption  or  destruction  of 
anything  by  fire — as  distinct  from  burning  in 
the  sense  of  merely  being  on  fire  ;  the  burning 
of  incense  ;  the  final  burning  of  jungle,  the 
burning  which  consumes  the  charred  sticks 
and  stumps  left  over  from  previous  burnings. 
Di-tunu  apt  dinding  rumah-nya :  the  walls  of  his 
house  were  destroyed  by  fire  ;  Sh,  Kamp. 
Boy.,  3. 

Tunukan :  to  destroy  by  fire,  to  burn  up ;  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  113.  Menunu  :  id.;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.  ;  Ht.  Koris.  Menunukan :  id.  ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Nata ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Tertunu  :  burnt  up,  consumed  by  fire.  Sang 
Kenchana  pun  tiyada-lah  sempat  lagi  lari  lalu 
tertunu  ka-dalam  apt  itu:  Sang  Kenchana  could 
not  succeed  in  escaping  from  it  and  was  burnt 
to  ashes  in  its  flames  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

<j^  tunai.  Reality ;  real ;  ready — in  the  sense  of 
ready  money.  Wang  tunai :  ready  money ; 
cash  down.  Bayar  dengan  tunai :  payment 
in  ready  money ;  Sh.  Abd.,  Mk.,  5.  Tiyada- 
lah  tunai  herga-nya  :  the  price  was  not  paid  in 
ready  money;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  15. 

Tunaikan  hajat  or  mBmmaikan  hajat :  to 
accomplish  or  realize  one's  desires ;  Muj.,  3, 
12,  30.  Menunaikan  hurmat :  to  give 
guarantees  of  respect  (by  a  valuable  present) ; 
Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  18. 

^j^  tuni.  [Skr.  tuna.]  Wound,  wounded ;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg.  ; — a  variant  for  tuna,  q.  v. 

^    tuha.     Age,  old ;  better  tuwa,  q.  v. 

oy  tuwah.  Luck ;  good  fortune — in  that  things 
left  to  chance  turn  out  well.  Bertuwah : 
lucky;  luck-bringing — as  an  amulet  is  sup- 
posed to  bring  luck,  or  as  certain  coins  are 
believed  to  be  lucky  coins ;  Ht.  Abd.,  58,  78, 
486.  Sudah  dapat  gading  bertuwah,  tandok 
tiyada  b^rguna  lagi :  now  that  he  has  got  luck- 
bringing  ivory,  common  horn  is  of  no  use  to 
him ;  now  that  he  is  wealthy,  the  simple  joys 
of  his  poverty  please  him  no  more ;    Prov.,  v. 

i.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  56,     Untong  ada  tuwah  tidak  : 
e  gets  profit  but  makes  no  lucky  strokes ; 
Prov. 


jtbji  tohor.  Shallowness — as  opposed  to  depth. 
Ayer  sungai-nya  tohor  :  the  river  was  shallow ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  118.  Tohorkan  ayer  laut:  to  make 
the  sea  shallow ;  to  dry  up  the  sea ;  Ht.  Kal, 
Dam.,  114.  Bagai  anak  sepat  ka4ohor :  like  a 
sepat  fish  in  the  shallows;  a  simile  for  vain 
struggles  for  freedom;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
'  XXIV.,  94. 

Kapor  t. :  lime  used  in  building — as  opposed 
to  lime  used  in  s^V^A-chewing. 

^j^y    tohok.     I.     The  name  of  a  fish;    a  kind  of 

medium-sized  tenggiri.  Pari  t. :  a  kind  of 
ray.  Bintang  t,  or  bintang  pari:  the  con- 
stellation of  the  Southern  Cross. 

II.  A  barbed  javelin  with  a  rope  attached 
to  it ;  a  harpoon  used  for  catching  the  dugong. 
Tikam  t. :  a  downward  cast  with  a  spear  or 
javelin. 

^J^    tohol.     An  iron  hammer,  KL ;  cf.  tukuL 

^y  tuhan.  God;  the  Lord.  Tuhan  Allah:  the 
Lord  God.  Tuhan  yang  esa:  the  One  God. 
Tuhan-ku:  my  Lord  God.  Allah  ta^ala  sa- 
benar-nya  Tuhan,  Nabt  Muhammad  p^nghulu 
kami :  Allah  most  High  is  verily  God,  the 
Prophet  Muhammad  is  the  chief  of  us  all. 


Pertiihankan . 
Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 


to  accept  as  God ;  to  worship ; 


t5y  tuwai.  The  reaping  of  padi  with  a  small 
knife  instead  of  with  a  reaping-hook ;  the 
peculiar  knife  used  for  this  purpose.  Padi 
itu  di-tuwai  tdeh  Wan  Empok  dan  Wan  Melini : 
the  padi  was  harvested  by  Wan  Empok  and 
Wan  Melini;  Sej.  Mai.,  30. 

Tuwai'lah  padi  antara  masak, 
Esok  jangan  layu4ayuwan  ; 

Intai4ah  kami  antara  tampak, 
Esok  jangan  rindu-rinduwan : 

harvest  the  padi  while  it  is  ripe,  let  it  not 
wither  by  your  waiting  till  the  morrow; 
look  well  on  me  while  I  can  be  seen,  let 
me  not  be  longed  for  on  the  morrow; — a 
proverbial  pantun  advising  people  to  make 
hay  while  the  sun  shines. 

(Sy    tuwi.     L     A  shell-fish  (unidentified) ;  Kl. 

II.  The  name  of  a  tree,  ixonanthes  icosandra. 
T.  karas:  id,,  aquilaria  malaccemis. 

III.  Keeping  the  feet  in  hot  water  by  way 
of  medical  treatment. 

IV.  A  Chinese  game  ;  Kl. 

V.  =  IV?  The  holding  of  a  sweej),  or 
making  of  a  pool  at  any  game — the  winner 
to  take  all. 

VI.  A  false  start  in  a  race;  a  misdeal  or 
anything  which  causes  a  stake  to  be  again 
played  for. 


TOYA 


[    206    ] 


TEBAR 


t5y  toya.  Physical  weakness;  the  converse  of 
kuwat, 

A0)  toyah.  A  thrusting-pole  used  in  fighting; 
a  spear  without  a  point. 

<l^  toyoh.  (Singapore.)  A  large  shrub,  gonio- 
caryum  longiracemosum* 

^j^  tonyoh.  Thrusting  or  once  rubbing  any 
material  held  in  the  hand  at  or  over  another's 
face,  as  a  boy  might  take  mud  in  his  hand 
and  dirty  another  boy's  face  with  it;  thrusting 
with  the  fingers  held  out  and  pressed  one 
against  the  other. 

^  tah.  An  interrogative  suffix.  Ini4ah  gam- 
baran-nya  :  is  this  his  portrait  ?     Cf.  entah. 

^  teh.  I.  [Chin.  ^^,]  Tea.  Dawn  ^eA :  the  pre- 
pared tea-leaf.  Ayer  t. :  tea  in  liquid  form. 
Pokok  t. :  ^  an  ornamental  shrub,  panax  fru- 
ticosum.  Teh  Makao :  an  introduced  weed, 
scoparia  dulcis, 

II.  Panas  t,  :  comfortable  warmth;  rather 
warm  than  cold. 

III.  A  proper  name;  an  abbreviation  of 
ptiteh,  q.  V. 

(5*314^    tShadi.     Lately,  just  a  moment  ago  ;   usually 
tadif  q.  v. 

^— i^  v^S    tiharap.     The  posture  of  a  man  lying  on   his 
stomach ;  see  tiyarap. 

r\j^  tahana.  (Skr.  ?)  Greatness,  awe,  majesty, 
grandeur,  dignity.  Bertahana:  to  sit  in 
greatness,  to  be  present — of  a  raja* 

A  bang  pergi  tidak-kan  lama; 
Ada  untong  datang  bMahana: 

your  lover  goes,  but  not  for  long ;  if  for- 
tunate he  will  soon  rejoin  you  again;  Sh.  Bur. 
Nuri,  31. 

Tilah  surat  sampai  ka-sana^ 
SMa  di-bacha  Sultan  yang  ghdna : 
Raja  Hindi   'akal  semperna 
MahU'lah  iya  sama  bertahana  : 

a  letter  came  there  (to  Constantinople),  and 
the  mighty  Sultan  read  it ;  an  Indian  prince 
of  sound  wisdom  wished  also  to  join  (the 
Sultan) ;  Sh.  Pr.  Turk.,  7. 

BSrbuwat  tahana:  to  threaten;  Ht.  Best. 
Tutor  kata-nya  pun  tBrlalu  tahana  dahashat  hati : 
his  words  were  very  terrible,  striking  the 
heart  with  panic ;  Ht.  Best. 


jitf 


tahlil.      Arab.      The    repetition   of  the    La 
ilaha  as  a  form  of  praising  God ;  praise. 

^U  tiada  or  tiyada.  Not  to  be ;  is  not.  The 
form ''tada''  is  often  used  colloquially.  Cf. 
tidak. 


h^ 


pW 


>^ 


tiyarap.  The  posture  of  a  man  lying  flat  on 
the  ground  on  his  face,  chest  and  stomach ; 
the  position  of  a  boat  when  laid  on  the  shore, 
bottom  upwards,  for  caulking  or  repairs. 
Biyar  tersenget  jangan  tertiyarap :  let  it  heel 
over  but  do  not  let  it  be  overturned ;  do  not 
over  do  things  ;  Prov.  Terlentang  berisi  ayer, 
tertiyarap  berisi  tanah:  turned  up,  filled  with 
water;  turned  down,  filled  with  earth; — the 
fate  of  a  piece  of  coco-nut  shell  (tempurong) 
and,  by  metaphor,  of  a  man  under  a  curse ; 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  46. 

Tiyarapkan :  to  turn  upside  down  ;  to  lay  ( a 
man)  face  downwards.  Di4iyarapkan  budak 
itu  di'Sesah  pantat-nya :  they  laid  the  boy  on 
his  stomach  and  whipped  him  behind  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  30. 

MBniyarap :  to  assume  such  a  position ;  to 
lie  down  on  one's  face.  Maka  Soma  raksasa 
pun  sigera-lah  meniyarap  pada  kaki  ayahanda 
itu :  Boma,  the  Evil  Spirit,  promptly  prostrated 
himself  at  his  father's  feet ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Tertiyarap :  lying  or  laid  down  in  this  posi- 
tion ;  prostrate. 

Also  tiharapy  and  (Kedah)  terap, 

tiyaram.  Peniyaram :  a  cooling  lotion ;  Ht. 
Raj.  Pasai,  79,  80;  better  penjaram  from 
jar  am  ^  q^  y- 

tiba.  I.  Sudden  arrival  or  occurrence ;  newly 
arrived ;  an  unexpected  development ;  the 
arrival  of  a  ship  at  an  unexpected  time ;  the 
sudden  ** landing"  of  a  blow  on  any  part  of 
the  body;  Ht.  Abd.,  5,  44,  55.  Tiba-tiba : 
suddenly;  unexpectedly.  Sama  tiba  keduwa- 
nya  itu :  both  simultaneously  fell  to  blows ; 
Ht.  Sh. 

II.  Tiba  layar :  a  portion  of  a  Malay  house, 
Kl. ;  V.  tibar  layar, 

III.  Petiban  sampir :  (in  Javanese  tales)  a 
present ;  a  gift.  Membawa  petiban  sampir :  to 
bring  offerings  to  a  raja;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed.  See 
also  tiban. 

tebar  or  tibar.  The  act  of  scattering  or 
dispersing  any  substance  such  as  grain  or 
dust  by  throwing  it  away  with  a  sweeping 
round-arm  motion — as  distinct  from  dropping 
it  particle  by  particle  (ambor),  or  letting  it 
fall  a  little  at  a  time  (tabor)  ^  or  dispersing  it 
by  throwing  it  up  into  the  air  with  an  under- 
hand jerk  to  disperse  it ;  to  cast  a  net  so  as 
to  cause  its  folds  to  spread  out  and  envelope 
fish.  Champak  tebar  sa-panjang  jalan :  scattered 
all  along  the  road ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  25. 
Bertabor  tebar :  scattered  about  helter-skelter 
in  confusion ;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  6. 

Tibar  layar  or  tebar  layar :  that  portion  of 
the  wall  at  each  end  of  a  Malay  house  which 
shuts  in  the  space  between  the  two  slopes  of 
the  roof ;  the  triangular  pieces  of  wall  which 
have  the  ends  of  the  ridge-pole  as  their 
vertices. 

Minebar :  to  scatter  (as  above  described) ; 
Sh.  Dag.,  II. 


TEBENG 


[    207    ] 


TIJAK 


3^ 


O^ 


J^ 


(J*^ 


(3^ 


tebeng.  Vertically  spread  out  as  a  protection 
against  sun  or  rain,  of  mats,  kajang,  etc. ; 
holding  out,  as  a  shopkeeper  holds  out  a 
cloth  to  display  its  pattern.  Menebengkan: 
to  spread  out.  Menebengkan  dada :  to  expose 
the  breast  in  fighting;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

tebak.  A  heavy  cutting  or  chopping  blow. 
Sa-tebak :  a  piece  of  wood  or  other  material 
chopped  off  by  a  couple  of  blows  struck  at 
such  angles  as  to  cut  into  one.  another. 

tebok.     A  heavy  thrusting  blow  with  the  flat 

of  the  fist ;   a  thrust  aimed  low  down  ;   a  blow 
below  the  belt. 

tiban  or  teban.  Stakes  in  gambling,  the 
actual  money  deposited;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  63. 
Ta'-bertepat  janji,  ta'-bertiban  tar  oh :  he  who 
does  not  keep  his  appointment  and  who  does 
not  deposit  his  stakes;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  30. 

Tiban  sampir :  offerings  to  a  ro/'a ;  Sh.  Panj. 
Sg. ;  2ilso  petiban  sampir,  v.  tiba.  III. 


A  swift  rapping  movement 
a  man  beating  a  drum.     Me- 


titar  and  titir. 
,such  as  that  of 

nitir  gendang :  to  beat  a  drum  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  102 
Tertitir    nobat :    the  royal     kettle-drum    was 
beaten ;  Ht.  Best. 

Mata  ketitir :  the  name  given  to  a  small 
gathering  under  the  base  of  the  nail  or  any- 
where near  the  spot  where  rapping  with  the 
back  of  the  finger  would  be  likely  to  effect 
the  skin. 


titis.  A  drop ;  dripping  ;  rather  smaller  drops 
or  less  frequently  falling  than  those  expressed 
by  the  word  titek,  q.  v. ;  the  dripping  of  sticky 
substances.  Bagaikan  titis  madu  segara :  like 
the  dropping  of  an  ocean  of  sweetness ;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg. 


Ilo    tetek.     The  breast  of  a  suckHng  woman   (  Sh. 
A.  R.  S.  J.,  5),  or  of  an  animal   suckling  its 


young. 
Memberi  t. 


to  suckle. 


titek,     I.     A  drop;  a  liquid  particle  ;  a  dot. 

Sa4itek  embun :  a  drop  of  dew.  Takut  titek 
lain  tumpah :  he  feared  it  would  drip  and  he 
spilt  it  all ;  he  destroyed  all  in  guarding 
against  a  small  danger;  Prov.  Sebab  nila 
sa4itek  rosak  susu  sa-belanga :  a  single  drop  of 
indigo  spoils  a  saucepan  of  milk ;  a  small 
injury  defaces  an  object  of  great  value ;  Prov., 
Ht.  Abd.,  132. 

Telor  itek   dari   Senggora, 
Pandan   terletak   di-langkahi ; 

Darah-nya   titek   di-Singapura, 

Badan-nya   terhantar  di-Langkawi : 

his  blood  was  shed  at  Singapore  but  his  body 
lies  at  Langkawi;  Sej.  MaL,  82. 
Titekkan  :  to  drop ;  to  let  fall  in  drops  ;    Sej. 
MaL,  131. 


j^ 


<Us» 


s^ 


(^ 


I 


Minitek :  to  fall  in  drops. 

Titek  is  also  used  of  the  falling  of  ashes  at 
the  Krakatoa  eruption;  Sh.  Lamp.,  36. 

II.  A  blow;  a  heavy  racking  blow  in  the 
torture  chamber;  Ht.  Abd.,  61,  117;  the 
beating  of  gold. 

tetel.  Remains  of  meat  ( such  as  the  sinews, 
soft  cartilage,  etc.),  consumed  by  poor  people 
who  can  afford  no  better. 

titah.  A  prince's  word;  a  prince's  saying 
( which  has  the  force  of  a  command) ;  the 
instructions  of  a  ruler.  Titah  Sultan  baik-lah 
tuwan:  the  Sultan  said:  "Very  well,  Sir"  ;  Ht* 
Abd.,  330.  Memberi  t, :  (in  speaking  of 
sultans)  to  give  instructions ;  Ht.  Abd.,  71. 
Bertitah :  ( of  a  raja )  with  words ;  in  words ; 
to  say.  B.  menyuroh :  to  give  verbal  orders ; 
Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  48. 

Titahkan:  to  instruct;  to  order;  Sej.  MaL, 
6 ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

In  Johor  and  Riau  the  use  of  the  word  titah 
is  confined  to  the  utterances  of  a  raja  bergelar. 

tete.  Watching  for  a  favourable  opportunity 
to  begin  the  fight ;  watching  his  chance,  as  a 
wrestler  or  as  a  fighting-cock, 

titi.  Passage  along  a  narrow  footway,  such 
as  the  trunk  of  a  fallen  tree  or  the  branch  of 
a  living  one.  In  Penang  it  is  incorrectly  used 
for  jambatan^  a  bridge. 

Titiyan :  a  small  and  narrow  footway ;  a 
plank  laid  across  a  ditch  or  a  log  across  a 
river.  T.  siratu  H-mistakin :  the  razor-edged 
bridge  over  which  the  true  believer  passes 
into  heaven;  Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  2.  Titiyan  is 
also  used  in  the  Mahk.  Raj.  for  the  steed  on 
the  back  of  which  a  river  is  crossed. 

Meniti :  to  make  one's  way  over  such  a 
passage.  Saperti  lotong  meniti  dahan  kayu: 
like  a  monkey  moving  along  a  branch ;  a  pro- 
verbial simile  for  a  narrow-minded  man  whose 
attention  is  confined  to  his  immediate  sur- 
roundings. Di-mana  kayu  bongkok  di-sitn-lah 
hendak  meniti :  where  the  wood  is  knotted, 
there  will  people  place  their  feet ;  a  fool 
invites  plunder ;  Prov. 

Tertiti'titi :  in  Indian  file;  in  a  long  row, 
one  behind  the  other. 

teja.  [Skr.  =  glow.]  Rain  clouds  glowing  in 
the  sun's  rays;  the  glow  of  a  stormy  sunset. 
r.  kuning :  such  a  sunset  when  it  gives  a  yellow 
tinge  to  men  and  natural  objects — a  portent  be- 
lieved to  be  extremely  unlucky  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Pokok  teja :  the  name  of  a  tree  the  foliage  of 
which  seems  to  stretch  in  horizontal  patches, 
and  which,  therefore,  is  believed  to  resemble 
sunset  clouds. 


r^    tijak.     Stepping,  setting  down  the  foot ;  more 
usually />ya^,  q.v. 


TIJAH 


[    208    ] 


TIYANG 


^    tijah.     A  woman's  name ;  an   abbreviation   of 
Khaiijahf  q.  v. 

^    teji,     [Pers.  i^J^  .]     Ktida  teji :  a  Pegasus,  a 

winged  horse ;  Ht.   Si  Misk.,   95.     Also  techi 
and  tezi. 


^    tachi.     [Pers.  (ir>?  .]     Kuda  techi:  a  Pegasus, 

•*       a  winged  horse ;    Ht.    Koris.     Also   teji  and 
tezi. 


tidor.  Sleep.  T,  lUap :  deep  sleep.  Tern- 
pat  t, :  a  bed.  Tikar  t. :  a  sleeping-mat.  Si- 
tidor  di'fuakan  si-jaga  :  the  slumberers  are  the 
prey  of  the  wakeful ;  Prov. 

Tidoran  :  sleep.  Tempat  tidoran :  a  sleeping 
place ;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  4.  Sa-tidoran :  shar- 
ing a  sleeping-place  ;  sleeping  with  ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub. 

Tidorkan:  to  put  to  sleep;  Sh.  Bid.,  5;  Ht. 
Koris.  MSnidorkan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  18 ;  Ht. 
Koris. 

Kitidoran:  sleep;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Penidor  and  teledor  :  *'  sleepy-head,"  a  term 
of  abuse  to  lazy  servants.  Ubat  penidor :  a 
sleeping-draught ;  Ht.  Al.,  44. 

Tertidor :  asleep;  Ht.  Abd,,  281 ;  Ht.  Jay. 
Lengg. 


O"^ 


J^ 


lT^ 


^j9 


tidak.     No  ;    not.     Colloquially  usually  in  the 

sense  of  **  no  "  ;  in  literature  often  in  the  sense 
of  **  not,"  **  there  is  not  "  ;  =  tiyada.  In  the 
common  talk  of  the  people  it  is  often  abbrevi- 
ated to  '*  'dak:' 

Daripada  chempedak  baik  nangka,  daripada  ti- 
dak baik  ada :  a  nangka  is  better  than  a  chem- 
pedak; something  is  better  than  nothing  at 
all ;  half  a  loaf  is  better  than  no  bread  ;  Prov. 

Tidakkan  :  to  deny  the  existence  of  anything ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  65.  Menidakkan:  id.,  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  20. 

Ketidakan  :  non-existence ;  absence.  K,  pen- 
gUahuwan  :  absence  of  knowledge ;  ignorance ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  483. 

Di'pMidak  :  denied.  Maka  titah  baginda  di- 
pBrtidak-nya  laki-laki  kita  uleh  Betara  Maja- 
pahit :  then  said  the  king:  '*  The  existence  of 
manliness  in  us  is  denied  by  the  Ruler  of 
Majapahit";  Sej.  Mai.,  53. 

tir.     The  rook  or  castle  in  chess. 

tiras.     I.     (Johor.)     A  pillow  border. 

n.  A  frayed  piece  of  cloth  ;  ravelled  thread ; 
KL 

tiris.  Oozing  out;  dripping — as  a  saturated 
cloth  on  which  moisture  collects  in  drops  and 
falls.  Ayer  di-genggam  tiyada  tiris :  water 
grasped  by  him  never  escapes  through  his 
fingers ;  an  incredibly  avaricious  man ;  Prov. 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  37. 


U^J^ 


Hujan  turun  letup-lBtap, 
Habis  tiris  segala  atap  : 

the  rain  is  falling,  tapping,  tapping,  and  all 
the  roof  is  leaking  and  dripping. 

tirus.     Thin  and  tapering  to  a  point. 

Padi  menirus :  the  ear  of  padi  in  its  first  stage 
of  growth  when  the  grain  is  still  enwrapped  in 
leaf. 


w— i^    terap.     Prostration  ;  a  variant  of  tiyarap,  q.  v. 

^jZ    tirok.         (  Kedah,    Province    Wellesley    and 

Penang.)  Burong  t, :  the  snipe ;  ( Riau,  Johor, 
Malacca)  burong  berkek.  Also  (Kedah)  burong 
tetirok.  Tirok  is  also  (Kedah)  the  name  given 
to  a  lance  for  spearing  fish.  Menirok :  to 
spear. 


fl/C 


J^ 


iSy^ 


{j^ 


tiram.  I.  An  oyster;  Ht.  Abd.,  88;  Ht. 
Koris;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  2.  Varieties:  t. 
bakau,  t,  batu,  t.  kera. 

n.     Ikan  t. :  a  fish  resembling  the  selangat. 

tiru.  The  following  of  a  model  or  copy ; 
imitation ;  copying. 

Tirtiwan  :   a  model  or  example  for  imitation  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  48,  341. 

Meniru:   to  copy;   to  imitate;  Ht.  Abd.,  51, 
294. 

tairu.  Tam.  Curdled — as  milk  kept  for  a 
night ;  curds ;  cf.  dadeh, 

tirai.  Tam.  A  curtain.  Maka  dewata  Shamsu 
pun  masok-lah  ka-tirai  maghrtb :  and  now  the 
Sun  God  had  passed  behind  his  curtain  of  the 
West ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  9. 

tiri.  '*  Step  " — in  the  expressions :  bapa  t,  : 
step-father  ;  emak  t. :  step-mother ;  anak  t, : 
step-child. 

Apa  sakit  berbini  janda  ? 
Anak  tiri   buleh  suroh : 

what  is  the  objection  to  marrying  a  widow  ? 
You  will  have  a  step-child  to  run  on  your 
errands;  Prov. 

tezi.  Pers.  Kuda  tezi :  a  Pegasus ;  a  winged 
steed ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ;  Ht. 
Ism,  Yat.,  113.     Also  teji  and  techi. 

tais.  Arab.  An  old  and  rank  he-goat ;  = 
kambing  randok. 

tisek.     (Johor.)     To  sew  up  a  rent. 


^^-^    tesi.     [Chin,  test.]     A  teaspoon  of  porcelain. 

%Z    tiyang.     A  pillar ;  a  mast ;  a  post ;  a  vertical 
^       support.     Lancharan  bMiyang  tiga  :  a  three- 
masted  vessel.     Layar  timpa  tiyang :  the  sail 
knocks  down  the  mast ;  one's  friends  bring 
about  one's  downfall ;  Prov. 


TIYONG 


[    209    ] 


TIKUS 


t 


J*^ 


w^ 


r.  agong  :  the  mainmast. 

r.  bandera  :  a  flagstaff. 

T,  daka :  supports  for  the  plank  which  closes 
the  niche  in  which  the  body  rests  in  a  Malay 
grave. 

T.  goyang :  a  projecting  post  at  the  stern  of 
a  boat,  the  post  being  used  for  securing  a 
peculiar  kind  of  rudder  (kemudi  sepak). 

T.  ibu  rumah  :  the  pillars  at  the  junction  of 
a  Malay  verandah  (serambi  jatoh)  with  the 
main  building. 

T.  pagar :  the  posts  of  a  fence. 

T.  serambi  jatoh  ;  the  outer  pillars  or  posts 
supporting  a  Malay  verandah. 

T.  seri  :  the  central  pillars  of  a  Malay  house. 

Tumit  t, :  the  truck  of  the  mast. 

tiyong.  The  Javanese  minah,  eulales  javanen- 
sis  :  a  black  bird  with  yellow  wings  which  has 
some  power  of  imitating  speech,  and  so  plays 
a  considerable  part  in  Malay  stories ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya ;   Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  85,  etc. 

The  principal  varieties  are  :  t,  batUy  t.  beta- 
chaUy  and  t,  emas, 

tengok.     Peering  at,  looking  at,  seeing.     In 
**  Bazaar*'  Malay  this  word  is  used  for  lihat. 
Menengok  :  to  peer  at,  to  see. 

tiyap.  I.  Tiyap-tiyap :  every.  Pada  tiyap- 
tiyap  hart :  every  day ;  Ht.  Abd.,  32,  38. 
Tiyap-tiyap  marika-itu  :  they  all. 

Sa-tiyap :  all,  every.  Tuwan  bersukaan  sa- 
tiyap  waktu  :  you  are  seeking  pleasure  at  all 
times  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  128. 

n.  [Chin?]  A  small  bundle  of  Chinese 
drugs ;  a  dose  made  up  in  paper. 

tiyup.  Blowing ;  the  action  of  a  current  of 
air  upon  anything.  Saperti  sa-pohun  kayu 
barang  di-mana  di-tiyup  angin  di-sana-lah  iya 
chondong :  like  a  tree  which  sways  in  whatever 
direction  the  wind  may  blow ;  Ht.  Abd.,  262. 
Di4iyup-nya  terompit :  he  blew  a  trumpet ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  106.  Bagai  buntal  di4iyup :  like  a 
blown  out  buntal  fish;  a  simile  for  a  man 
swelling  with  self-importance  ;  Prov. 

Tiyup-tiyup  :  a  small  tree,  adinandra  dumosa, 

Bertiyup :  to  be  blowing — as  a  sea-breeze. 

Tiyupkan :  to  blow  (with  the  mouth)  upon  or 
into  anything ;  Muj.,  9,  68.  Meniyup  and 
meniyupkan  :  id. 

teper.  A  metal  saucer;  Ht.  Koris  ;  a  variant 
of  the  more  usual  form  cheper,  q.  v. 


tipis.     Thin  ;    delicate  ; 
Usually  nipis^  q.  v. 


Sh,    Sri    Ben.,    87. 


tepak.     A  long  rectangular  casket  or  box ;  a 

receptacle  for  sireh ;  a  state  betel  casket ;  Sej. 
Mai.,  127,  147.  These  boxes  are  now  made 
at  Palembang. 

Pembawa   t,  :  a  betel-box  carrier ;   Sh.   Ik. 
Trub.,  6 ;  Ht.  Gh. 


J^ 


^ 


v3^ 
^P^ 


tepek.  Plastering ;  the  laying  on  of  any  soft 
clammy  material.  Rambut-nya  bertepek-tepek 
dengan  tanah  dan  getah  kayu :  his  hair  was 
plastered  with  mud  and  tree  sap  ;  Ht.  Abd., 
382. 

tepok.  Lameness  due  to  malformation  or 
chronic  disease  of  the  leg,  and  not  to  its  loss 
by  amputation  or  to  a  temporary  injury. 

tipu.  Deception;  fraud;  swindling  by  false 
pretences.  Bohong  dan  tipu:  lies  and  mis- 
representations. Tipu  anak  Rembau :  swindlers 
are  the  men  of  Rembau';  Prov.,  T.  S.  A.  S., 
XXIV.,  115, 

Menipu:  to  deceive;  Ht.  Abd.,  223,  309. 
Menipukan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

Penipu:  deceptive — of  things;  Ht.  Abd.,  159; 
a  swindler — of  a  man  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  48. 

tepeh.  An  edible  salt-water  shell-fish;  Sh. 
A.  R.  S.  J.,  4. 

tepoh.     [  Chin,  teh  p6?]     A  game  of  chance. 

tika.     A  reel  of  thread ;  winding  thread. 

tikar.  Matting;  a  mat  of  delicate  workman- 
ship. Duwa  helai  tikar :  two  mats.  Bentang- 
kan  tikar :  to  spread  a  mat ;  Ht.  Si  Misk.,  4. 

r.  herapit :  a  mat  with  turned  down  em- 
broidered borders. 

T.  puchnk  :  a  mat  made  of  the  young  shoots 
of  the  nipah, 

T.  sila :  a  mat  with  a  gold-embroidered 
centre. 

T.  tidor :  a  sleeping-mat. 

Birtikarkan :  to  use  as  a  mat,  to  lie  or  sleep 
on.  Bertikarkan  api:  to  sleep  on  fire  (descrip- 
tive of  the  fate  of  the  wicked) ;  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  77.  Bertikarkan  bumi,  berselimutkan 
langit,  bersulohkan  bulan:  to  have  the  earth 
for  a  sleeping-mat,  the  sky  for  a  sheet  and 
the  moon  for  a  torch  ;  homeless ;  the  fate  of 
a  poor  wanderer ;  Ht.  Sh. 


U^ 


u^ 


tikas.  I.  Traces  left  by  water  after  its  with- 
drawal ;  the  line  of  seaweed  and  driftwood 
left  on  the  beach  showing  the  extreme  limit 
reached  by  the  preceding  tide. 

II.     The  roar  of  a  lion ;  Kl. 


tikus.  A  generic  name  for  rats  and  mice. 
Tikus  jatoh  ka-dalam  gedong  beras,  or  (Kedah) 
tikus  jatoh  ka-dalam  jelapang :  a  mouse  that 
has  fallen  into  a  barn ;  a  man  that  has  fallen 
into  his  element;  Prov.  Rumah  terbakar, 
tikus  habis  kaluwar :  the  house  was  burnt  and 
all  the  rats  escaped;  the  money  was  spent 
and  the  object  was  not  attained ;  Prov.  Labu 
di'ker^bok  tikus :  a  pumpkin  bored  by  a  rat ; 
a  girl  who  has  been  seduced  and  is  no  longer 
sought  in  marriage ;  Prov, 


27 


TIKAL 


[      210      ] 


TILU 


T.  ambang  hulan :  a  large  rat,  believed  only 
to  come  out  on  moonlight  nights. 

T,  busokf  t.  turi  and  t.  kesturi :  the  musk-rat, 
corsira  vulgaris;  also  (in  Java)  chenchorot. 

T,  tanah:  the  field  mouse,  mus  decumanus. 
T,  mondok  :  a  large  variety  of  the  field  mouse. 

Angin  t. :  uncertain  winds  at  the  change  of 
monsoon. 

Gigi  t, :  small  regular  front  teeth. 

Kikir  ekor  t, :  a  round  file. 

Kuweh  t. ;  also  tahi  t. :  a  kind  of  cake ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  10,  207.  Tahi  t,  is  also  sometimes  a 
nickname  given  to  mustard. 

Lobang  t, :  the  cavity  or  niche  in  which  a 
body  is  laid  in  a  Malay  grave. 

tikal.     I.     A  kind  of  cake;  Kl. 

II.  A  weight  serving  as  a  unit  of  coinage 
in  Siam;  a  'HicaL  " 


tikam.  Stabbing ;  wounding  with  the  point, 
as  opposed  to  wounding  with  the  blade  of  a 
weapon;  penetration  by  a  splinter  or  any- 
thing with  a  sharp  point.  Di4ikam  duri : 
pierced  with  thorns.  Mati  kena  t. :  death 
from  a  stab  or  spear  thrust.  Tikam  baju 
rantai :  the  name  given  to  a  long  heavy  pike 
against  a  thrust  from  which  a  coat  of  mail  is 
not  proof. 

Tikamkan  :  to  drive  (a  pointed  weapon)  into 
anything.  Yang  berlembeng  bertikamkan  lent- 
beng-nya :  those  who  were  armed  with  spears 
drove  their  spears  (into  the  enemy) ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Jaya;  Sej.  Mai.,  17. 

Menikam :  to  stab ;  to  pierce.  T.  menikam 
(Cr.  Gr,,  57) ;  and  bertikam-tikaman  (Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.) :  fighting  spear  with  spear,  thrust  with 
thrust — reciprocal  and  frequentative, 

Penikam :  a  pointed  weapon;  Sh.  I.  M.  P., 
13- 

RaHyyat  pertikaman:  soldiers  under  arms; 
Pel.  Abd. 

Tikam  is  also  used  (Straits   Settlements)   to 
describe  the  drawing  of  a   wahweh  lottery. 
T,  kaki  hong :  id. 


tekoh.     A  warehouseman ; 
23^ 


Sh.    Sing.  Terb. 


tike.  A  ball  of  opium  prepared  for  a  pipe, 
enough  for  one  pipeful. 

tiga.  Three.  Tiga  buwah  negeri :  the  three 
Settlements,  the  Straits  Settlements.  Ketiga : 
all  three.  Yang  ketiga :  the  third.  Sa-per- 
tigaan :  one  in  three.  Pada  sa-pertigaan 
malam  :  on  every  third  night. 

Akar  tiga  chabang :    a  wild   pumpkin   with 
trifoliate  leaves,  trichosanthes  wawrcei. 

Bintang  tiga  beradek  :  a  constellation  of  three 
stars  in  a  row  as  in  Orion. 


ji 


^ 


c)^ 


Kayu  tiga  sa-kambu :  a  kind  of  Malay  three- 
card-trick  played  by  professional  gamblers. 

Rumput  tiga  sari :  a  common  sedge,  cyperus 
compressus, 

tigi.     A  plant,  a  kind  of  rhododendron.     Also 
mentigi,  q.  v. 


14    tela.     The  pan  of  a  fire-arm. 


telor.  Lisping;  inability  to  correctly  pro- 
nounce one  or  more  letters  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  39,  79. 
Cf.  pelat. 


teleng.     Cocked   on  one  side — of  the  head ; 
Sh.  Si  Lemb.,  2,  12,  44. 


ftio  tilek.  Observation ;  careful  ocular  examina- 
tion or  notice — as  distinct  from  a  mere  casual 
look ;  looking  at  anything  with  a  purpose, 
usually  with  the  idea  of  prophecy  or  second 
sight.  Maka  di -tilek  uleh  Tun  Jan  Khatib 
belah  duwa  pohun  pinang  itu :  Tun  Jan  Khatib 
observed  the  splitting  of  the  pinang  trees;  Sej. 
Mai.,  81.  Sa-telah  sudah  habis  di4ilek-nya 
maka  di-tulis-nya :  when  they  had  completed 
their  observations  they  noted  them  down  in 
writing;  Cr.  Gr.,  50.  Maka  di-tilek  uleh 
Amir  Mahmud  akan  raja  Bahazadah  itu  terlalu 
baik  rupa-nya  dan  laku-nya :  Amir  Mahmud 
noticed  that  the  prince  Bahazadah  was  very 
handsome  and  well-mannered;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
360. 

Menilek  :  to  notice ;  to  observe ;  to  examine 
with  the  eyes.  M.  nujum :  to  take  a  horo- 
scope ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.  M.  kutika :  to  take 
the  omens  (regarding  lucky  and  unlucky  days); 
Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 

Tukang  tilek  :  (  Singapore  )  a  professional 
fortune-teller. 


tilam,  A  sleeping  mattrass;  Sej.  Mai.,  91, 
120.  Tilaman :  id.;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  11.  Jaioh 
di-atas  tilam  :  to  fall  on  a  mattrass  ;  to  get  a 
rich  wife ;  Prov. 

Susor  t, :   the  name  given  to  a  rich  coverlet 
on  a  bridal  bed.     Also  susor  gerai. 

tilan  or  telan.  I.  A  small  river  fish  some- 
thing like  an  eel ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  g. 

To'   Pulau  Lidi, 

Gulai  ikan  telan : 
Dato'   tidak  gigi, 

Gonyeh'gonyeh  telan : 

the  chief  of  Pulau  Lidi  cooked  a  tilan  fish ; 
the  old  man  had  no  teeth,  so  he  mouthed  and 
swallowed  it ; — a  proverbial  rhyme  ridiculing 
the  toothless. 

11.     A  disease  in  very  young  children. 
JU    tilu.     An  insect  like  a  bug,  but  winged. 


TIMOR 


[      211      ] 


THUMMA 


y^  timor.  The  East.  r.  laui:  North-East. 
T.  tenggara,  or  menenggara:  East-South-East. 
T.  padang :  South- East.  Bintang  t, :  the  Star 
of  the  East ;  Lucifer ;  Venus  as  a  Morning 
Star. 


c? 


timang.  To  throw  a  child  up  in  the  air  and 
catch  him  as  he  falls — gently,  by  way  of 
amusing  him,  Timang -timangan :  a  nurse- 
ling ;  a  pet  name  given  to  a  child  in  his  baby- 
hood ;  a  nursery  name  which  often  clings  to 
him  in  future  years ;  a  title  by  which  a  prince 
or  princess  is  familiarly  known  as  distinct 
from  his  or  her  full  official  designation.  Wah 
anak-ku  dan  buwah  hati-ku,  timang -timangan- 
ku :  oh,  my  child,  the  apple  of  my  heart,  the 
nurseling  I  have  played  with ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 
Maka  anakanda  baginda  pun  di-naniai  uleh 
baginda  Putera  Jaya  Pati  timang -timangan  Pu- 
tera  Jaya  Indera :  the  king  named  the  prince 
his  son  Putera  Jaya  Pati  but  called  him 
familiarly  Putera  Jaya  Indera  ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

Menimang  :  to  balance  in  the  air,  as  a  warrior 
balances  a  spear  before  hurling  it  or  a  club 
before  striking  with  it;  Sh,  Panj.  Sg. 

The  most  common  pet-names  or  nursery 
designations  known  as  timang -timangan  are: 
Long,  Awangj  Alang,  Ngah,  Panjangj  Anjang 
or  Jang,  Pandak  or  Andak,  Puteh  or  Teh, 
Hitam  or  Tarn,  Kechil  or  Chi,  Bongsu,  etc. 


j*4jC^  timun.  A  gourd;  a  pumpkin;  a  cucumber. 
Ikan  timun4imun :  a  fish,  hdianus  lineolatus, 

T,  China :  the  cucumber,  T.  dendang :  a 
pdission  l^ower,  passiflorafcetida;   Ht.  Best. 

T.  dendang  lunjong :  a  wild  pumpkin,  tricho- 
santhes  celebica,     T.  hutan  :  the  grenadilla. 

Bagai  timun  dendang,  di-luwar  merah  di-dalam 
pahit :  like  the  wild  pumpkin,  red  outside  and 
bitter  inside ;  fair  seeming  but  disappointing 
on  closer  acquaintance ;  Prov. 

Biji  t, :  pumpkin  seeds,  a  simile  for  a  lozenge- 
shaped  or  nearly  lozenge-shaped  pattern. 
Retak  biji  t. :  the  lines  on  the  hand  at  the 
finger  joints. 


j^    timu.     By  right ;    by  justice  ;  de  jure,     Timu- 
timu :  id. 


T.  puteh  :    tinned 
sari :   zinc,     Bijeh 


4^  timah.  Tin;  lead;  zinc, 
iron.  r.  hitam  :  lead.  T 
t,  :  alluvial  tin-grains. 

Timah-t,  :    a  small  tree,  ilex  cymosa, 

Ikan  timah-t,  :  a  long  shining  white  fish. 

Timah-t,  bulan,  also  t.  gading :  a  small  tree, 
ilex  macrophylla, 

A  kar  timah  ketam :  a  climber,  streptocaulon 
wallichii, 

iyG    tin.     Arab.  Fig. 

jj^  teyan.  Chin,  To  make  up  a  subscription ; 
to  get  up  a  subscription  list,  Mengutib  t, : 
to  collect  subscriptions. 

^yG  tiyan.  (Jav.)  The  lower  abdomen  in  a  preg- 
nant woman. 

jyksXjj    tinas.     (  Kedah.)     To  kill  lice ;  ( Riau,  Johor) 
tindas,  q.  v. 

ixJ    tenong.     A  flat-topped  circular  box  of  Java- 
C."       nese  make. 

-^oJ  tewas.  Failure  to  attain  an  object ;  ill  suc- 
^^^■^  cess.  Tewas  perang-nya  :  the  battle  was  going 
against  him ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Tewas  marika- 
itu  dan  lari :  they  were  worsted  and  fled ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  94.  Sa4elah  melihat  anak  pa- 
nah-nya  tewas :  when  he  saw  that  his  arrow 
had  missed  its  mark ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Tewaskan :  to  cause  to  fail ;  to  bring  about 
the  failure  of  anything;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  85. 
Menewaskan :   id. ;  Ht.  Kal,  Dam.,  297, 

Ketewasan :   failure;  Sh.   Abd.  Mk.,  59. 

Cj^tJ^    tiyuman.     The   name  of  an   island   off    the 
"^      East  coast  of  the  Peninsula. 

^    tiyah.    Arab.    The  desert  of  Arabia.    Padang 

t,  :  id. 


Jij  The  letter  tha;  the  fourth  letter  of  the 
Malay  alphabet ;  the  symbol  for  500  in  the 
Abjad,  q.  v. 

\j    th§,.     The  name  of  the  letter  dj  , 

0    tMbit.         Arab.         Constant,     persevering, 
established,  certain,  sure. 

4:j\J    thSibitah.     Arab.     A  fixed  star. 
JU    th§,ni.     Arab.     Second  (numeral). 


Iju    thikl.     Arab.      Load,    weight,    sorrow;     Sh. 
Bid.  ( Leyd.),  294. 

^"^    thalS/tha.      Arab.      The     third    day    of   the 
week,  Tuesday.     Usually  hari  selasa, 

^^    thuluth.    Arab.    Third ;  Majm.  al-Ahk.,  416. 
]j    thalj.     Arab.     Snow. 

thumma.     Arab.     Afterwards,  moreover. 


f 


jtM 


[      212      ] 


JAJA 


Z 


^ 


^W 


The  letter  jim ;  the  fifth  letter  of  the  Malay 
alphabet ;  the  symbol  for  the  number  3  in  the 
Abjadf  q.  v. 

jabat.  The  act  of  grasping,  taking  or  holding 
in  the  hand. 

Jabatan  :  (i)  the  sense  of  touch  ;  (2)  duty, 
occupation  ;  profession.  Masing-masing  den- 
gan  jabatan  berbuwat  kerja :  each  laboured  at 
his  own  line  of  work;  Sh.  Bah.  Sing.,  6.  Cf, 
also  Sh.  Nas.,  6,  and  Ht.  Best,  for  this  form, 
but  jawatan  is  more  common,  see  s.  v.  jawat, 

Berjabat  tangan  and  menjabat  tangan :  to 
clasp  the  hand  (of  another  man,  in  salutation) 
whether  applied  to  the  European  practice  of 
shaking  hands  (Ht,  Abd.,  197);  or  to  the 
native  form  of  greeting;  (Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  Ht. 
Ind.  Jaya;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  134).  Berjabat 
salam  is  also  used — in  the  former  sense  only. 

Menjabat  pekerjaan  :  to  carry  out  one's  work  ; 
to  perform  one's  duties ;  Sh.  Nas.,  6.  Cf. 
jawat  and  janibat. 


jX^    jabor.     (Riau.)     Utter  mixture ;  extreme  con - 
^'    '        fusion ;    very  much  mixed  up ;    cf.  jabu  and 
champor, 

ft^V>-  jabu.  (Kedah.)  Rising  in  clouds ;  pouring 
forth  in  quantities — of  dust  and  light  particles 
of  matter,  e,  g,,  when  the  wind  blows  down  a 
dusty  street,  or  when  carpets  are  beaten,  or 
clothes  brushed.  Peluru  berjabu  :  gunpowder 
smoke  rising  in  volumes,  as  after  continuous 
volley  firing ;  cf.  abu  and  champor. 

43\>-  jatoh.  Accidental  falling ;  to  fall ;  to  befall ; 
to  occur ;  to  descend  by  chance  upon  a  place. 
Jatoh  bangtm  :  falling  and  rising  ;  stumbling 
along,  /.  sakit :  falling  ill.  /.  dalam  perni- 
yagaan :  failure  in  business.  Sa-ekor  tikus 
yang  jatoh  ka-dalam  gedong  beras  :  a  mouse  that 
has  stumbled  into  a  rice-store ;  in  one's  ele- 
ment ;  in  luck ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  44.  Belayar 
dart  Ruku  jatoh  ka-hujong  tanah  Balang :  sail- 
ing from  Ruku,  he  was  borne  over  to  Cape 
Balang;  Sej.  Mai.,  41.  Jatoh hatiakanpirlm- 
puwan :  to  fall  in  love  with  a  woman ;  Ht. 
Zaly.,  27.  Jatoh  di-atas  tilam:  to  fall  on  a 
mattrass;  to  be  fortunate  enough  to  get  a 
rich  wife ;  Prov. 

Jatohkan  and  menjatohkan :  to  let  anything 
fall ;  to  drop  anything.  Menjatohkan  dirt :  to 
let  oneself  sink  down  anywhere,  e.  g^.,  on  the 
floor  (Ht.  P.  J.  P.),  or  on  a  person's  lap;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  126. 


ciV 


E 


U 


Kejatohan  bulan :  the  falling  of  the  moon 
(into  one's  lap) — an  expression  signifying  great 
and  unexpected  good  fortune;  Ht.  Bakht.,  92; 
Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  29;  Cr.  Gr.,  79;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  II ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jay. 

Serambi  jatoh  :  a  sort  of  verandah  attached  to 
a  Malay  house,  so  called  because  the  floor  of 
this  verandah  is  rather  lower  than  the  flooring 
of  the  main  portion  of  the  house.  Tiyang 
serambi  jatoh :  the  pillars  supporting  this 
verandah  on  its  outer  side. 


jati.  True ;  real ;  exact ;  pure.  Orang 
Melayu  jati :  a  real  Malay ;  a  man  of  pure 
Malay  descent.  Timor  j. :  due  East.  Raja 
yang  j,  :  a  true  king ;  a  sovereign  of  truly 
royal  descent  and  dignity ;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J., 
10;  Sh.  Jub.  Mai.,  7.  Lanang  j,  :  a  true 
man  ;  a  man  of  courage  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Hamba 
yang  j.  :  a  born  slave ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pung.,  14. 
*Amal  yang  j.  :  true  service  to  God;  Sh. 
I.  M.  P.,  9. 

Kambingj,:  a  goat,  in  contradistinction  to 
kambing  biri-biri^  a  sheep ;  Sh.  Si  Lemb.,  27. 

Kii   sangkakan  daging  yang  jati, 

Rupa-nya   daging    berchampor  hardm : 

I  thought  it  true  (lawful)  meat,  it  seems  to  be 
meat  mixed  up  with  unclean  food  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Sa-jati  :  quite  pure,  altogether  real.  Bukan 
laki-laki  sa-jati :  he  is  no  true  man  in  all 
respects;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Kayti  jati:  teak,  tectonia  grandis ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng. ;  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  12  ;  Sh.  Ch.  Ber.,  7. 


jaja.  Hawking  goods  for  sale  ;  offering  them 
for  sale  from  door  to  door,  as  distinct  from 
selling  them  in  a  regular  shop.  Berjaja :  to 
be  a  hawker.  Orang  yang  berkedai  dan  berjaja  : 
shop-keepers  and  hawkers;  Pel.  Abd.,  36. 
Yang  bBrjaja  menjunjong  bakul-nya :  the 
hawkers  carried  their  baskets  on  their  heads  ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

Menjaja  :  to  hawk  goods  about.  M.  berteri- 
yak :  to  hawk  goods  about,  crying  out  their 
character  so  as  to  inform  housewives;  Ht. 
Abd.,  434. 


Penjaja :    a  hawker, 
cake-seller ;  Ht.  Gul. 

Also  jajah. 


P.  apam  : 
Bak.,  122. 


an  itinerant 


JAJAT 


[    213    ] 


JABING 


c^W 


j=r^ 


•W 


jajat.  Imitation  ;  mimicry ;  teasing  or  annoy- 
ance by  mimicking  some  defect,  cf.  chachat; 
(rare)  the  counterfeiting  of  coin. 

Orang  tempang  jangan  di-jajat, 
Ingat  ingat  hari   bilakang ; 

Rumah   burok   di-sapu  chat^ 
Bunga   layti  sa-mola    kembang : 

do  not  mimic  the  man  who  limps ;  remember, 
remember  the  days  that  are  coming ;  he  is  a 
new  house  that  is  painted  afresh,  he  is  a  faded 
bud  which  is  blooming  again  ; — the  last  two 
lines  describing  an  old  dandy. 

jajar.  A  row  or  line  ;  drawn  up  in  a  row  or 
line — of  articles  like  staves,  palings,  posts 
and  masts,  or  of  ships  drawn  up  so  that  their 
masts  suggest  a  fence.  Karang  terjajar  :  a 
reef;  a  row  of  jagged  rocks  ;  a  line  of  breakers  ; 
Pel.  Abd.,  no.     Cf.  janjar  and  banjar. 

jajas.  Abrasion,  scratching ;  usually  jejas, 
q.  V. 

jajah.  I.  Hawking  about,  selling  from  door 
to  door;  usually y^/a,  q.  v. 

II.  Jajahan  or  jejahan  :  district;  out-lying 
territories.  Negri  Johor  dengan  segala  da'irati 
jajahan-nya  :  the  state  of  Johor  with  all  its 
territories  and  dependencies. 


,\>.    jahi.     Ginger;  Muj.,  54.     Better  J&W  q. 


jada.  [Pers.  zadah.]  Born,  son  of, — but  al- 
ways used  in  a  bad  sense  either  as  an  abbre- 
viation of  hardni'Zadah  (bastard)  or  as  a 
descriptive  epithet  for  evil  spirits,  the  children 
of  evil.  Hai  raksasa  bukakan  pintu,  hat  jada 
bukakan  kunchi-mu,  insdn  hendak  lalu :  Spirit  of 
Evil,  open  the  gate;  oh,  misbegotten  one,  open 
your  lock  ;  a  man  wishes  to  pass  the  portals ; 
(from  an  invocation). 

jadam.  A  kind  of  extract  of  aloes  used  in 
native  medicine ;  a  very  bitter  draught. 

jadi.  Generation ;  coming  into  existence ; 
becoming.  A  ku-pun  jadi-lah :  I  came  into 
being;  I  was  born;  Ht.  Abd.,  15.  Saudara 
sa-jalan  sa-jadi  :  twin  brothers  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
Ayer  madu  judi  daripada  lebah :  honey  is 
created  by  bees  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  25. 

Jadi  is  also  used  idiomatically  of  a  thing 
turning  out  satisfactorily  or  leading  to  any- 
thing or  being  sufficient  to  effect  the  desired 
object.    Jikalau  buleh  membacha  Kurdn  sehaja 

jadi'lah :  if  he  could  only  read  the  Koran  it 
was  all  that  was  wanted ;  Ht.  Abd.,  26. 
Kalau  tiyada  padi  sa-barang  kerja  ta'-jadi :  if 
you  have  no  rice,  all  you  try  will  lead  to 
nothing ;  if  you  are  weak,  it  is  best  to  put  up 
with  an  injury ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  37* 

Jadi'jadiyan :  supernatural  creation  ;  gene- 
rated by  magic  art ;  a  ghostly  being,  '  Ilmu 
jadi-jadiyan  :  the  Black  Art ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 


J 


.W 


lTJ 


V 


b 


,u 


U^ 


Adapun  perasaan  patek  bukan  ular  isi  hutan, 
wa^a  jadi-jadiyan  rupa  tuwanku  :  in  my  humble 
opinion,  it  is  no  common  snake  of  the  jungle, 
it  is  a  dragon  of  supernatural  origin,  Your 
Highness  !  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Jadikan  and  menjadikan  :  to  create ;  to 
make,  Di-jadikan  akandiya  khdtib  :  they 
appointed  him  khdtib  (of  their  mosque). 
Perempuwan  di-jadikan-nya  laki-laki :  he  turned 
women  into  men  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  58. 

Kejadiyan ;  creation ;  birth  ;  origin  of  exist- 
ence ;  Ht.  Abd.,  88,  410,  450 ;  condition, 
state  ;  Ht.  Zaly.,  41. 


jara.  An  instrument  for  cleaning  coarse 
cotton  wool ;  a  piece  of  bamboo  the  end  of 
which  is  divided  by  two  slits  cut  at  right 
angles  to  each  other,  and  in  which  short  pegs 
are  inserted.  The  word  jara  is  also  used  of 
a  kind  of  auger,  and  of  an  instrument  for 
churning  milk. 

Kepala  j. :  butter ;   the    result   of    churning 
milk. 


jaras.  I.  A  creel ;  a  kind  of  basket  of 
coarsely  plaited  bamboo  for  carrying  rice. 
Jaras  kata-nya  raga  jarang :  the  creel  says  that 
the  basket  (raga)  is  coarsely  plaited  ;  the  pot 
called  the  kettle  black  ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I., 
97- 

II.  A  bunch  or  handful  of  any  objects  when 
the  objects  themselves  are  not  held  in  the 
hand,  but  their  stalks  or  loose  ends  are. 
Orang  China  sa-jaras  :  a  bunch  of  Chinese — as 
when  a  Malay  policeman  holds  a  number  of 
Chinese  by  the  pigtail.  Btdu-nya  endah  bagai 
di'jaras :  its  plumage  was  as  lovely  as  if  it  had 
been  specially  arranged ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pung,,  5. 


jarang.  Scarcity ;  scarce ;  in  small  quantity ; 
occurring  at  rare  intervals ;  separated  by  wide 
intervals  of  time,  or  by  wide  interstices  of 
space.  Jarang'jarang'lah  kita  menengar  khabar- 
khabar  perompak  itu  hampir  kamari :  it  was 
only  on  very  rare  occasions  that  we  heard 
reports  of  pirates  being  in  our  vicinity ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  464.  Ayakan  jarang :  a  sieve  or  sifter 
plaited  with  wide  interstices.     Cf.  jaras. 

Jarang  gigi :  the  name  of  a  fish. 


jaring.  A  large  net ;  network ;  nets  for  catch- 
ing relatively  large  fish  such  as  the  tenggiri, 
tamban,  rapang  and  kedera,  or  for  catching 
animals  and  birds  on  land.  Jaring-jaring : 
trellis-work ;  timbers  carried  lengthwise  on 
the  bottom  of  a  boat,  cf.  jala-jala  and  mata 
punai.  Jaring-jaring  payong :  the  spikes  hold- 
ing an  umbrella  open. 

Minjaring :  to  fish  with  these  nets ;  Ht.  Gh. 
Menjaring  angin :  to  catch  air  in  one's  net ; 
to  waste  one's  time  and  trouble ;  Prov. 

Penjaring  :  a  fisherman ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  157. 


JARAK 


[    214    ] 


JASA 


3J'  JStrak.  I.  Intervening  space;  the  existence 
of  an  interstice  or  separation;  the  distance 
between  two  objects,  whether  considerable 
— as  between  two  ships  at  sea  two  miles 
apart;  Pel.  Abd.,  140; — or  slight — as  between 
two  stakes  in  a  fence ;  Ht.  Abd.,  72.  BBr- 
jarak :  at  a  distance ;  to  move  away  to  a 
distance  ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pung.,  2.  Jarak  daripada 
naga :  to  keep  at  a  distance  from  a  dragon  ; 
Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 

II.  The  name  of  a  number  of  plants,  but 
especially  applied  to  the  castor  oil  plant, 
ricinus  communis, 

/.  belanda :  the  purging  nut,  jatropha  curcas. 

J'  g^j(^h :  a  small  tree,  mallotus  subpeltatus. 
Also  called  j.  htdan, 

J,  latit :  a  bush,  leea  sambricina, 

/.  pipit :  a  plant,  cleistanthus  Icevis. 

Minyak  j. :  castor  oil ;  Muj.,  48. 

Padang  j. :  a  desolate  place  ;  a  place  where 
the  castor  oil  plant  grows  to  the  detriment 
of  other  vegetation,  Padang  jarak  padang 
iekukor :  id. 

^^\>-  jaram.  I.  A  cooUng  lotion  for  the  head; 
the  washing  of  the  head  in  order  to  cool  it 
during  an  attack  of  fever  or  of  any  other 
disease. 

Menjaram  :  to  feel  cool ;  to  cool.  Rasa-nya 
hati  piln  menjaram :  her  heart  felt  sad  and 
cold;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  The  form  peniyaram,  a 
cooling  lotion,  also  occurs;  Ht.  Raj.  Pasai; 
V.  tiyaram.  ^ 

II.  A  waterfall ;  rapids  in  a  stream  ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Meng,     Better  jer am, 

AjW    jarum.     A  needle;  any  needle-like  instrument. 

/.  galah :  a  long  needle  of  the  ordinary 
pattern. 

/.  jam  :  the  hands  of  a  watch. 

J. -jarum  :  the  needle  of  a  balance. 

/.  jelujor  :  a  coarsely  made  needle  for  sew- 
ing canvas  or  other  rough  work.  /.  jait  goni  : 
id.,  if  bent. 

/.  kait  and  j,  merenda  :  a  knitting  needle ;  a 
needle  for  embroidery. 

/.  layar :  a  coarse  needle  ;  =  /.  jelujor. 

/.  penekat :  the  largest  kind  of  needle  of  the 
ordinary  pattern. 

/.  pengiya  :  a  needle  used  for  hemming. 

/.  peniti :  a  pin ;  Ht.  Abd.,  88. 

J,  perak panjang:  a  surgical  probe;  Ht.  Abd., 
247. 

Lobangj,:  the  eye  of  the  needle;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  63. 

T^iga  bilah  j.:  three  needles;  cf.  Sej.  Mai., 
20. 

Menjarum  :  finely  sprouting  up — of  the  first 
shoots  of  padi;  assuming  a  needle-like  form  ; 
to  insinuate  oneself  into  anything. 

Cf.  (Jav.)  dom  :  a  needle  ;  (Malay)  pedoman  : 
a  compass. 


AjW    jam.     Ikan  jarU'jaru  :  a  fish,  carause  boops. 


OvW-    jarah.     I.     Prowling  about  as  a  plunderer  in 

'       search  of  booty.     Menjarah :  to  roam  about 

on   the  look  out,  as   a  thief  at   a  fire;  Sh. 

Kamp.  Boy.,  10;  or  as  a  robber  in  the  forest ; 

Ht.  Sh.,  209. 

Jarahan :  a  slave  carried  off  by  prowling 
bands  of  robbers  or  plunderers ;  Ht.  Sh. ;  Ht. 
Ism.  Yat.,  87.  Gundek  j. :  a  slave  girl  taken 
as  an  inferior  wife  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

II.  [Arab.  53  .]  A  mite;  an  atom;  the 
smallest  quantity ;  Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  36. 

III.  [Arab.  sXj  •]      Pilgrimage;     visit    of 

devotion.     Jarah   di-kubor :    the   payment   of 
vows  at  the  tomb  of  a  saint. 

IV.  Half- ripe  ;  cf.  mangkaL 

(Sy^    jari.     Finger ;   digit ;   the  breadth   of  a  finger 
used  as  a  linear  measure. 

/.  hantu  :  the  middle  finger. 

/.  kaki  :  the  toes. 

/.  kelingking :  the  little  finger. 

/.  manis  :  the  ring  finger ;  v.  manis. 

/.  tUunjok  :  the  index  finger. 

Anak  j, :  a  finger;  the  fingers  ;  Muj.,  5. 

Buku  j. :  the  knuckles. 

Chelalij. :  the  cleft  between  two  fingers. 

Ibuj. :  the  thumb. 

Meny'embah  sa-puloh  jari :  to  lay  both  hands 
together  in  worship  or  greeting;  Sh.  Bid. 
(Leyd.),  288. 

Sa-batang  j, :  a  finger.  Also  sa-biji  jari :  cf. 
Ht.  Hamz.,  54. 

Sarong  j, :  a  thimble. 

Berjari'jari :  in  long,  narrow,  projecting  and 
moving  tongues  or  branches,  as  a  fire  shoot- 
ing out  in  tongues  of  flame ;  Sh.  K.  G.  T.,  19 ; 
or  as  the  long  roots  of  the  kiyambang  swaying 
in  the  water. 

Ai^W    jariyah.     I.     Arab.     A  slave  girl;   a  bought 


^J 


u-^ 


concubine ;  cf.  gundek, 

II.  Arab.  Ever-flowing.  'Amal  jariyah: 
ever-flowing  grace — the  deserts  of  a  man 
who  has  done  a  charitable  work  of  a  lasting 
character,  such  as  the  endowment  of  a  school 
or  mosque — as  distinct  from  an  act  of  kind- 
ness with  transient  results ;  Pel.  Abd.,  137. 

,\>.    jasa.     Skr.     Deserving  work ;   deserts ;   duty 


in   the    best   sense;    faithful    service   in    the 
interests  of  another. 

Berjasa  :  to  do  one's  duty  loyally,  to  deserve 
well  of  one's  lord ;  Ht.  Si  Misk.,  45 ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  35  ;  Cr.  Gr,,  ^7,  Berbuwatj, :  id. ;  Sh. 
Ik.  Trub.,  6.  Membuwat  j, :  id. ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng.  Lupakan  j, :  to  be  remiss  in  one's 
duty;    Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  25. 


JASAT 


[    215    ] 


JAGONG 


Menchari  j. :  to  seek  to  accumulate  merit ; 
to  earn  credit  with  God.  Dunya  nan  tempat 
menchari  jasa :  the  world  is  the  place  where 
God's  favour  is  won  ;  Sh.  Nas.,  5. 

'W    jasat.      [Arab,  j,.^^  .]      Body;    the   material 

and  visible  body  in  contradistinction  to  the 
soul;  see  j,^^^  . 


pW 


jangat.  I.  The  process  of  splitting  rattans, 
etc.,  by  transfixing  them  with  a  knife  (point- 
ing in  the  same  direction  as  the  rattan)  and 
then  drawing  the  rattan  away  so  that  the 
edge  of  the  knife,  following  the  grain  of  the 
wood,  splits  it. 

Pisau  penjangat:  the  knife  used  in  this 
process. 

11.  Perekat  j.:  glue.  Keruput  j.:  bits  of 
skin  (beef)  thoroughly  boiled  and  dried,  and 
fried  with  oil. 


^^W    jangak.     Indiscriminate  in  sexual  connection; 
coarse    immorality;     low    profligacy.      Pen- 


cAV 


viSU 


vf5w 


jangak:  (Kedah)  an  incorrigible  thief. 

jangan.  A  word  expressive  of  prohibition  or 
prevention  ;  a  prohibitive.  Jangan-lah  :  do 
not.  Supaya  jangan :  that  it  may  not ;  that 
it  might  not ;  lest. 

Jangan-kan :  so  far  from ;  not  to  mention. 
Jangan-kan  hendak  di-beli  orang  jikalati  di- 
pinta-nya  sehaja  ku  berikan  choma-choma :  so 
far  from  wanting  men  to  buy  it,  I  would  give 
it  gratis  on  appHcation ;  Ht.  Abd.,  38. 
Jangan  is  sometimes  used  in  the  sense  of 
jangan-kan ;  Or.  Gr.,  55. 

jaka.  I.  The  exact  moment.  Also  pejaka, 
Cf.  jangka, 

IL  Jav.  Young  and  unmarried.  Also 
jangka  and  jangga, 

III.  (Kedah.)  A  peculiar  way  of  hitting 
or  shooting  hard  fruit  (buwah  keras)  in 
certain  games ;  pressing  with  the  cushion  of 
the  forefinger. 

jakas.  A  kind  of  mengkuwang  from  which 
coarse  mats  are  made;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  VIII.,  130. 

jakun.  A  Jacoon ;  a  member  of  one  of  the 
aboriginal  tribes  of  the  Peninsula;  a  wild 
man  of  the  jungle ;  Ht.  Abd.,  381,  388. 

jaga.  Skr.  Wakefulness  ;  the  act  of  watching  ; 
the  condition  of  being  awake.  Jaga  danpada 
tidor :  awaking  from  sleep ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
181 ;  Ht.  Gul,  Bak.,  49,  Orang  j, :  a  watch- 
man. Di-jaga-nya  sehaja  dalam  Selat  Kokop  : 
a  watch  was  kept  in  the  Kokop  Straits  only ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  214.  Si'tidor  di-makan  si-jaga  : 
the  sleepy  are  the  prey  of  the  wide-awake; 
Prov. 


vJU 


Jagakan  :  to  awake  (any  one) ;  to  rouse  to 
wakefulness. 

B  a  jaga  :  to  be  awake.  Tidor  siyang  berjaga 
malam :  to  sleep  by  day  and  be  awake  at 
night ;  descriptive  of  a  bad  character ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  IL,  156. 

Berjaga-jaga :  to  keep  open  house  day  and 
night — an  expression  serving  to  describe  the 
round  of  festivities  which  precede  a  great 
event  such  as  a  marriage  or  coronation  ;  Sej. 
MaL,  135,  etc. 

Menjaga  :  to  keep  watch  ;  to  do  sentry  duty, 
Ht.  Abd,,  57,  69. 

Menjagai  :  to  look  out  for  ;  Ht,  Zaly.,  25. 
Menjagakan  :  to  awaken  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;  to 
be  on  one's  guard  in  fencing ;   Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

Penjagaan  :  watching  ;  a  place  at  or  under 
watch  or  guard  ;    Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

jagat.  I.  Skr.  The  world;  the  Universe, 
'  Alam  jagat  (Ht.  Sg.  Samb.)  ;  or  jagat 
biiwana :  the  Universe — an  expression  often 
occurring  in  Javanese  titles.  Tiyada  berla- 
wan  sa-lnr ah  jagat  buwana  (Ht.  Sh.) ;  or  tiyada 
bersama  di-dalam  jagat  buwana  (Ht.  Sri 
Rama)  ;  there  was  not  his  match  in  the  entire 
Universe.  Sa-lurah  jagat  Jawa :  all  Java ; 
Ht.  Mas.  Ed.  Mengindari  j, :  to  travel  round 
the  world,  of  the  God  Kala;  Ht,  Pg.  Ptg. 

IL  Dark  spots  on  the  skin  of  the  hands, 
the  result  of  old  age  and  exposure. 

III.  [Achinese,  but  occasionally  met  with 
in  panttms,]  Pale  white  ;  dirty  white — used  of 
the  colour  of  oxen  only.  Lemhi  j,  :  a  white 
bullock. 

jagut.  [Bal.  chagtit,]  The  chin  ;  cf.  dagti  and 
janggnt,  Jagnt-nya  saperti  sendok  terdiri :  her 
chin  was  shaped  as  a  spoon  raised  on  end ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

SW-    jagor.     Massively  built — of  the  body  ;=bagor. 

io\^    jagong.     I.     Maize  ;  Indian  corn,  tea  mays. 

^  Saperti  pipit  menelan  jagong :  like  a  sparrow 

trying  to  swallow  a  grain  of  maize  (and  chok- 
ing); do  not  attempt  the  unsuitable;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  36. 

Dari   bukit   turun   ka-kampong, 
Orang  pintal   tali  sabut; 

Pipit  hendak  menelan  jagong, 
Telan  ta'-lepas  mati   tersanghit : 

the  sparrow  tried  to  swallow  the  maize  grain  ; 
it  could  not  get  it  down  its  throat,  and  died 
choked. 

Baik  berjagong-jagong  antara  padi  masak :  it 
is  well  to  put  up  with  maize  until  the  padi  is 
ripe ;  half  a  loaf  is  better  than  no  bread ; 
Prov.,  J.S.A.S.,  III.,  27.  Saperti  jagong  jatoh 
ka-bidai :  like  maize  falling  on  mats  or  chicks ; 
a  proverbial  description  of  a  continuous 
rattling  or  clattering  sound ;  Ht.  Raj.  Don., 
26. 


oiW 


JAGO 


[    216    ] 


JALIN 


A 


> 


Rambut  j. :  the  hair-like  appendage  at  the 
end  of  the  maize ;  Muj.,  53. 

II.  Menjagong :  to  appear  ;  to  rise  above  the 
surface — used  of  the  first  appearance  of  any 
growth  or  eruption,  e.  g.,  of  the  first  sprouts 
of  a  crop  of  padi  ;  the  first  pustules  in  small- 
pox ;  the  development  of  the  breasts  in  a 
woman,  etc. 

jago.     Jav.     A  cock. 

Jala.  A  casting-net.  /.  balang-balang,  j.  juni- 
pulf  j,  rambang^  j,  tamban,  j,  tidang :  varieties 
of  the  casting-net. 

Jala-jala  {also  jaring-jaring) :  trellis-work. 
/.  urai,  also  rotij.  a.ndjelurai :  a  kind  of  cake. 

Menjala :  to  fish  with  a  casting-net ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  220;  Sej.  MaL,  120;  Ht.  Gh.;  Sh. 
B.  A.  M.,  12,  etc. 

PBnjala :  a  fisherman  ;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  12. 

Berjala-j,  :  scattered  like  a  net -work  over 
anything,  as  stars  over  the  sky ;  Ht.  Koris ; 
scattered  in  all  directions — as  the  pellets  from 
a  bell-mouthed  blunderbuss, 

Papanjala  :  trellis- work  ;  also  jala-jala. 
Tebar  jala  :  to  cast  a  casting-net. 

jalar.  Creeping  motion  ;  motion  like  that  of 
a  snake,  or  growth  like  that  of  a  creeper. 
Menjalar :  to  creep  along  the  ground— of  a 
long  body ;  cf.  merayap  from  rayap,  q.  v.  Ular 
itU'pun  menjalar  ka-bawah  kakiperaduwan  tuwan 
puth'i :  the  snake  crept  underneath  the  feet  of 
the  princess's  couch ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  Maka 
berjalaran-lah  ular  kala  dan  halipan  dan  kola 
jengking :  the  snakes,  scorpions,  and  centi- 
pedes came  creeping  over  the  ground ;  Ht. 
Si  Misk.,  50.  Lidah-nya  panjang  Urjalar- 
jalar  dan  Urjulor-julor :  its  tongue  was  long 
coiling  out  and  then  shooting  out ;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah.  Cf.  julor, 
Ubi  jalar  :  the  name  of  a  creeping  plant. 

jalor.  A  broad  stripe  of  colour ;  broad  stripes 
of  the  same  colour  separated  by  narrow  lines 
— as  in  the  patterns  of  some  club-colours; 
a  strip  of  padi-field  as  marked  by  the  rows  of 
stalks  ;  a  descriptive  name  given  to  a  peculiar 
long  ribbed  river-boat ;  Ht.  Abd.,  482  ;  Pel. 
Abd.,  112.  Berjalor-jalor  :  in  stripes,  striped. 
Cf.  lajor. 
Jalor  serempu  :   a  peculiar  smoothed  dug-out. 

jSilis.  Arab.  Sitting;  a  comrade,  a  com- 
panion.    Sa-jdlis  :  in  company ;  Sh.  IbL,  i. 

jalang.  Wildness  ;  irregular,  disorderly  and 
unrestrained  conduct. 

Kirbauj,:  a  wild  buffalo;  Sej.  MaL,  120; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Kuching  j, :  a  cat  that  prowls  about  the  tiles 
by  night. 

Perempuwanj. :  a  harlot ;  a  prostitute;  Ht* 
Abd.,  23. 

Rumah  orang  j, :  a  brothel ;  Sh.  IbL,  11. 


iJW    jaling.     I.     A  large  net;  better  jaring,  q,  v. 


jiW 


JW 


oiV 


II.  Jolang-jaling :  in  confusion  ;  in  a  tangle ; 
better  cholang-chaling, 

jalak.  I.  A  black  fighting-cock  with  white 
markings. 

II.  Wanton,  licentious;  Sh.  Si  Lemb.,  9. 
Cf.  jalang, 

III.  Jalak  pahang :  a  plain  built  boat  with 
a  deck  completely  covering  it  but  for  a  narrow 
slit  across  the  deck  amidships. 

jalan.  Motion  ;  movement  in  a  definite  direc- 
tion or  course ;  the  course  taken  ;  a  road  ;  a 
way;  the  proper  way  or  method.  Lorong dan 
jalan :  lanes  and  roads.  Sa-panjang  j,  : 
throughout  the  journey ;  all  along  the  road. 
Di'jalan :    on   the   way.  Menangkap  ikan 

(tiyada)  dengan  jalan  yang  lain  melainkan  di- 
tikam-nya :  they  had  no  way  of  catching  fish 
except  that  of  spearing  them  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  202. 
Saudara  sa-jalan  sa-jadi  :  twin  brothers  ;  Ht. 
Mas  Ed. ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

/.  behasa  :  idiom  ;  the  art  of  idiomatic  speech. 

/.  igama  :  theology ;  things  connected  with 
the  science  of  religion. 

Mataj.:  an  outpost. 

Membawa  j, :  to  lead  the  way. 

Berjalan :  to  be  on  a  walk  or  journey ;  to 
be  in  movement ;  to  walk.  B.  kaki  :  to  walk. 
Berjalan  rebah :  to  stumble  along,  of  a  very 
young  child's  first  attempts  at  walking  ;  Ht. 
Ganj.  Mara,  16. 

Jalani:  to  travel  over;  Sh.  Bid.,  20;  Ht. 
Abd.,  56,  308. 

Menjalani  and  menjalankan  :  (lit.)  to  cause  to 
move  on  its  regular  course ;  to  keep  in  motion ; 
to  keep  (a  thing)  going.  M,  segala  pekerjaan 
scndiri'diri :  to  look  after  one's  business  one- 
self; to  keep  things  going  by  oneself;  Ht. 
Abd.,  442. 

Perjalanan:  course;  way;  journeying;  the 
proper  way  or  conduct  of  anything ;  Ht.  Abd., 
94,  113,  473,  etc.  Sa-jam  perjalanan :  an 
hour's  journey.  Duwa  hart  perjalanan :  two 
days'  journey.  Hikmat  perjalanan-nya  sama 
juga  saperti  hikmat  Siyamang  tunggal :  a  charm, 
the  working  of  which  is  similar  to  that  of  the 
charm  of  the  Lone  Siamang.  The  form  pen- 
jalanan  is  also  found ;  Muj.,  40. 

jalin.  Tied  one  to  another  (by  a  connecting 
tape,  cord  or  string) — of  laths  or  long  strips 
of  rattan  or  wood.  Tikar  j, :  a  kind  of  rattan 
matting  made  by  tying  together  strips  of 
rattan  instead  of  interweaving  them. 

Berjalin :  fastened  in  parallel  strips ;  (by 
metaphor)  in  parallel  fines,  of  the  wales  left 
on  a  boy's  back  after  a  caning. 

MHjalin :  to  fasten  together  long  strips  of 
wood  or  rattan — as  Venetian  blinds  are  con- 
nected by  tape,  or  as  chicks  are  kept  together 
by  string. 


JALU 


[    217    ] 


JAWAT 


JW  jalu.  I.  The  natural  spur  of  a  fighting-cock; 
cf.  stisoh  (the  word  in  more  general  use),  and 
taji    (the  artificial  spur). 

Ikanjalu:  a  fish,  lutianus,  sp. 

(>W    jalai.     An  edible  salt-water  fish ;  K\.=zjelai? 

j3\>-    jali.      I.       [AvBh.  tajalli,]       Terjali :    bright; 
*     *       evident ;  clear ;  obvious ;  v.  tajalli, 

11.     Eng.     **Jolly,"  in  the  expression  jali- 
buty  jolly-boat ;  Pel.  Abd.,  132. 

^j*jj\p-    jalinus.     Arab.     Galenus. 


^W 


.u 


-w 


jfc^^ 


jamar.  Burong  jamar :  a  common  species  of 
sea-bird  ;  Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  28 ;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J., 

14.     Also  jemar,  cftemar,  chamar  and  chemha- 
mar. 

jama'  or  jami'.  Arab.  General,  chief;  es- 
pecially used  of  mosques. 

jamang.  I.  Jav.  A  gold  or  silver  ornamen- 
tal plate  worn  on  the  forehead.  Di-letakkan- 
nya  jamang  k  a- at  as  ulu  adinda  baginda  :  he  set 
this  ornament  upon  the  head  of  her  Majesty 
his  Queen  ;  Ht.  Sh.  The  word  also  occurs ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata,  Ht.  Mas  Ed.,  and  Ht.  Perb. 
Jay. 
The  form  jejamang  also  occurs  in  the  Ht. 
Mas  Edan. 

n.     (Kedah.)    Whiskers,  hair  extending  past 
the  ears  ;  also  chambang,  q.  v. 

jamong.  (Kedah.)  A  rough  kind  of  impro- 
vised torch  made  of  dry  palm-leaves  fastened 
together  ;  =  (Riau,  Johor)  andang,  q.  v. 


•fc^W    jaman.     Age,  period ;    a  colloquial  corruption 


O^^ 


rJ^ 


of  (Arab.)  ^Uj  »  q-  v. 


^v>-  jamin 

Bail ;    security 
bailor. 


[Arab.  ^^Vj>  y  through  Hindustani.] 


guarantee.       Orang  j. ;     a 


^^\^^  jamu.  I.  The  act  of  entertainment ;  the 
reception  and  entertainment  of  a  guest :  a 
guest.  Tuwan-hamba  jamu  hamba :  you,  Sir, 
are  my  guest ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam..,  234. 

Orang  yang  kennyang  kalau  dt-jamu, 
Lank  yang  sedap  di-kata  tawar : 

entertain  a  full  man  and  he  will  call  your  best 
dishes  tasteless;  Prov.  Kerana  dagang  itu 
jamu  pada  negeri  orang:  for  a  stranger  is  a 
guest  in  the  land  of  others;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  13. 

Hantu  jamuwan :  a  kept  ghost,  a  familiar 
spirit. 

Mhijamu :  to  entertain ;  Ht.  Abd.,  177 ; 
Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.  Jamu  menjamu  :  the  inter- 
change of  hospitalities. 


.W 


.u 


UT 


Perjamu  and  perjamuwan :  food  offered  to 
a  guest  ;  entertainment.  Perjamu  hantu  : 
offerings  to  an  evil  spirit.  Perjamuwan  yang 
amat  ladzat  ini  :  this  excellent  dinner ;  Ht. 
Qui.  Bak.,  31. 

II.  Jamu-jamu  :  a  plant,  aporosa  microcalyx. 
Also  jejamu, 

jamah.  Physical  contact  or  handling  ;  actual 
even  though  temporary  possession,  especially 
in  the  sense  of  the  ownership  and  use  of 
property;  Ht.  Abd.,  364;  Sh.  K.  G.  T.,  17; 
or  of  sexual  connection  with  a  woman  ;  Sej. 
Mai.,  31 ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.,  etc. 

Jamah'jamahan  :  an  occasional  concubine  of 
a  prince. 

Menjamah  wadon  :  to  have  carnal  knowledge 
of  a  woman  ;  Ht.  Sh. 


jana.    I.     Skr, 
Ht.  Raj.  Pasai. 


Jana   bijana  :    birth-place  ; 


II.  J  urn  jana  :  (Kedah)  treachery,  wicked- 
ness, scoundrelism ;  a  colloquial  variant  of 
diirjana  (Skr.  durjdna),  q.  v. 

j\2>.    janab,     Arab.     Side. 


W  janas. 


spirit. 


(Johor.)     A  celestial  being  ;  a  kind  of 


;W 


janek.     Radiation   from   a  common    centre ; 

rays  or  lines  departing  from  a  common  cen- 
tre, as  the  lines  on  the  Japanese  naval  flag : 
a  sea-urchin.  Ringgit  j, :  the  Mexican  dollar, 
so  called  from  its  representation  of  the  rising 
sun. 


^W  jani.  Numbness  ;  partial  or  total  insensibility 
in  disease. 

jW  jau.  Penjau  :  a  sort  of  coop  used  for  scoop- 
ing up  fish  from  a  trap. 

jv>-  jawa.  Java  ;  Javanese.  Tanah  j.  :  Java. 
Chabai  j.  :  a  kind  of  pepper,  piper  longum. 
Asam  j. :  tamarind.  Randa  j. :  millet.  T^m- 
bakau  j*  :  Javanese-grown  tobacco,  much 
used  by  natives.  Awanj,  :  the  name  given 
to  a  mixed  art  pattern,  showing  a  treatment 
of  flowers;  foliation,  etc.  /.  sejok  :  a  name 
sometimes  given  to  a  keris  handle. 


w^aW  jawab. 

(Arab.) 


Answer,    response ;    more    correctly 
jawdb   ^U>.  >  q-  V. 


4W  jawat.  The  act  of  grasping,  taking  or  holding 
in  the  hand  ;  tenure,  hold  ;=jabat,  q.  v.  Jabat 
is,  however,  more  common  in  the  sense  of 
physical  grasp  and  jawat  in  the  sense  of 
tenure  of  office. 

Jawatan  :  an  office,  a  duty,  a  position  held 
by  any  one;  Ht.  Abd,,  3;  Sej.  Mai.,  95. 
Penjawatan  :  id.  ;  Ht.  Koris. 


28 


JAUR 


[    218    ] 


JAYA 


,w 


J^ 


6^ 


OaW 


'^ 


,u 


C-ibW 


Birjawatan  :  holding  office  ;  Ht.  Koris  ;  Sh. 
Ik.  Trub.,  II. 

Menjawat :  to  hold.  Mhtjawat  lembtng :  to 
hold  a  spear ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

Penjawat :  an  office  holder,  an  official ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  220;  Ht.  Gh. ;  Ht.  Bakht.,  21,  67. 
Dayang  penjawat  puUri :  servants  employed  to 
wait  on  the  princess ;  Ht.  AL,  23. 

jaur.  Turk.  A  giaour,  an  infidel,  an  un- 
believer ;  Ht.  Bin.  Horn. 

jauk.     A  small  tortoise;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  VIH.,  120. 

jauh.  Distance  ;  distant ;  far.  Dart  jauh : 
from  afar.  Jauh-lah  malam :  the  night  was 
far  spent ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  11. 

Jauhi  :  to  put  a  distance  between  two 
objects  ;  to  remove  to  a  distance  ;  Ht.  Raj. 
Sul.,  3  ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  30.  Jauhkan  :  id. ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  97.  Menjauhi  :  id.  ;  Sh.  Ungg. 
Bers.,  13.  Menjauhkan:  id.;  Sh.  I.  M.  P.,  2. 
Perjauhkan :  id. ;  Ht.  Mashh.,  14.  Menjauhi 
diri :  to  abstain  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 

Pejauh :  anything  to  serve  to  keep  any  par- 
ticular object  at  a  distance,  e.  g.,  ^azhnat  pejauh 
jin  dan  shaitdn  :  a  talisman  to  keep  off  evil 
spirits;  Muj.,  78. 

jawi.  I.  [The  Arabic  adjectival  form  of 
Jawa.]  Malayan ;  appertaining  to  the  Malayan 
peoples  and  countries.  Huruf  jawi:  the 
Malayo- Arabic  written  characters. 

/.  pekan  :  a  name  (of  disputed  origin)  applied 
to  a  class  of  people  of  mixed  Malay  and 
Indian  descent,  but  born  in  the  Straits  and 
speaking  the  Malay  language. 

II.  Jawi'j, :  a  large  fig  tree  with  small 
leaves,  ficus  rhododendrifolia;  Ht.  Abd.,  241  ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  44.  Also 
known  a^sjejawi  and  arajejawi. 

III.  Jav.     An  ox  or  cow;  Panch.,  63. 

IV.  Padi  jawi :  dikind  oi padi, 
Tuwan   ketam  padi  pulut, 

Sehaya   ketam  padi  jawi; 
Tuwan   berkata  sedap   mtdut, 
Sehaya   menengar   sakit   hati : 

you  are  reaping  pulut  rice,  I  am  reaping  jawi 
rice ;  you  are  speaking  in  soft  words,  I  listen 
with  rising  anger. 

Pers.     Greatness,  worthiness, 

jahat.    Wickedness;  evil;  immorality;  wicked. 

Dengan  jahat :  with  evil  intent.  Kejahatan  : 
evil;  injury  as  the  result  of  ill-will.  Jahatkan: 
to  libel ;  to  defame ;  to  represent  as  immoral ; 
Sh.  Peng,,  9.     Menjahatkan :  id.;  Ht.  Best. 

jahit.  Sewing;  the  act  or  art  of  sewing. 
Menjahit:  to  sew;  Ht.  Abd.,  77;  Sh.  Ul.,  28. 
Tukang  jahit :  (Straits  Settlements)  a  tailor. 
Jahit  pusat :  the  tying  of  the  umbilical  cord. 

Orang  pinjahit :  a  tailor;  Ht.  AL,  2. 


iiaW    jahang.     I.     Violent  abuse ;  abusive  language 
^  such  as  that  indulged  in  by  an  angry  woman. 


>w 


4jLft\>. 


u^W 


II.     Deep  dark  redness;    a  deep  red  appear- 
ance. 

j^hil.  Arab.  Ignorant — especially  in  the 
sense  of  ignorance  of  religion  ;  cf.  jdhiliyyah. 
Jdhil  basit :  extensively  ignorant ;  crass  ignor- 
ance. Jahil  murakkab :  ignorance  mounted 
on  ignorance;  compound  ignorance ;  the  blind 
leading  the  Wind  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  262.  Jdhilkan  : 
to  misinterpret  religion;  Sh.  I.  M.  P.,  22. 

Teritip  di-tepi   kota ; 

Mari   di-kayoh  sampan  pengail ; 
Imam   Khdtib   lagi   berdosa 

Bertambah  pula   kita  yang  jdhil: 

even   Imams  and   Khatibs  fall  into  sin,   how 
much  more  then  must  we,  the  ignorant  laity  ? 


j&hiliyyah.  Arab.  The  state  of  religious 
ignorance ;  the  condition  of  the  Muhammadan 
world  before  its  conversion — as  distinct  from 
obstinate  refusal  to  accept  the  tenets  of 
Muhammadanism.  Ayy  ami  jdhiliyyah :  the  age 
before  Muhammad ;  Bost.  Sal. 


jahan.     An  edible  salt-water  fish  (unidentified) . 
Also  ikan  ajahan. 


^\j>-  jahi.  Jav.  Ginger;  Muj.,  54  (where  it  is  in- 
correctly spelt  ^W  )• 

t5v>*  jaya.  Skr.  Superiority  in  strength ;  actual 
success  or  the  causes  that  command  it ;  vic- 
tory ;  predominance  of  force ;  a  common 
name  or  title  of  heroes  of  romance.  Bagai- 
mana  pekerjaan  perang  kita  iiti  ada-kah  jaya : 
how  stand  our  prospects  of  battle  ?  Have  we 
the  advantage  (in  strength)  ?  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
Tahu'lah  iya  peperangan-nya  itu  tiyada  akan 
jaya :  he  knew  that  he  would  not  be  victorious 
in  the  battle ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Tahu4ah  iya 
akan  perang-nya  tiyada  jaya :  id. ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Utusan  sudah  balek  dengan  tiyada  jaya :  the 
envoys  returned  unsuccessful ;  Bint.  Tim.,  22 
February,  1895.  Lima  puloh  tahun  sudah-lah 
jaya :  for  fifty  years  has  she  reigned  trium- 
phant;  Sh.  Jub.  MaL,  3. 

Jaya  kesoma :  victorious  in  love — a  compli- 
mentciry  designation. 

Kama  jaya :  the  victorious  God  of  love ; 
often  incorrectly  spoken  of  as  Kerma  Wijaya, 

Pandawa  jaya  :  the  victorious  sons  of  Pandu, 
the  heroes  of  the  Mahabharata ;  the  name  of 
a  pattern ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Hikdyat  Pandawa 
Jaya  :  a  Malay  version  of  a  part  of  the  Mahab- 
harata. 

Perbu  jaya :  the  conquering  prince  (Raden 
Inu  Kartapati,  better  known  as  Panji). 
Hikdyat  Perbu  Jaya^  or  Hikdyat  Perba  Wijaya : 
a  collection  of  Panji  tales. 

Menjaya  :  to  succeed  ;  to  **  come  off." 


jAiR  [  219  ] 

kW    j&ir.     Arab.     Tyrannical,  lawless. 
yy^   j&iz.     Arab.     Legal,  proper. 

K^    jayeng.      [J^-v*  jaya-ing :  the  victor.]     Jciyeng 
^  seteru :  ability  to  conquer  enemies ;   Cr.  Gr., 

47;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Menchoba  jayeng  seteru:  to 
test  one's  conquering  skill ;  Ht.  Sh.  Memm- 
jokkan  jayeng  seteru  :  to  display  one's  conquer- 
ing skill;  Ht.  Sh. 

Gagah  perawira  jayeng  seteru, 

Tiyada   makan  perambut  senjata ; 
Sa-lurah    tanah    J  aw  a,   sa-dairah    tanah 
MelayUf 
Mnsoh   ta'-herani    bertentang  mata : 
valiant,  heroic,  superior  to  all  foes,  no  weapon 
can   wound   his   charmed   body;   throughout 
the  divisions  of  Java,  through  all  the  terri- 
tories of  Malaya,   no  enemy  dares  meet  him 
face  to  face. 

Jayeng  seteru  is  also  used  as  the  name  of  an 
ornament  or  ornamental  pattern;  Ht.  Mas 
Ed. 


,_c>-  jib.  Eng.  The  jib;  the  foresail.  Jib-bunt: 
the  jib-boom.  Palan-jib  :  the  flying-jib  ;  Pel. 
Abd.,  105.  Jib  tap-sil :  a  jib  in  the  air  above 
the  jib  proper.  Jib  gosi :  the  foresail  in  a 
schooner;  Pel.  Abd.,  48.  Palan-jib-btmi :  the 
flying  jib-boom. 

\^    jabMr.     Arab.      Mighty;     omnipotent ;     al- 

*  *        mighty.     MdlihiH-jabbdr :  the  Almighty  King; 

the   King  of  Kings ;   Sh.   Dag.,  7.     Khdliku'l- 

jabbdr :    the    Almighty    Creator;    Sh.    Pant. 

Shi,,  I. 

0-%»p-  j6bat.  [Pers.  and  Arab,  zabdd  or  zubdd : 
civet.]  The  perfume  known  as  civet ;  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub. ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.  Musang  jebaf : 
the  civet-cat.  Anak  anjing  itu  buleh-kah  jadi 
anak  musang  jebat :  can  a  puppy  become  a 
young  civet-cat;  can  a  leopard  change  his 
spots;  Prov.,  J,  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  89. 
Ikanj, :  (Kedah)  a  fish  (unidentified). 

j\^    jabr.     Arab.    Al-jabrawa'Umiikabala:  algebra. 

U;^    jabr£i,'il.     Arab.     The  Archangel  Gabriel. 

ju^    jgbang.      A    long  oblong-shaped   shield,   the 
cr*        frame  of  which  is  of  wood  covered  with  a 
surface  of  leather  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  158. 


&r 


jgbong.     An  edible  salt-water  fish,  batistes,  sp. 


r^,.    jSbak.     A  snare  for  birds. 

Budak-budak   tahan  jehak, 

Dapat  sa-ekor   merebah  jambul: 
the   boys   set   a   snare   and   caught  a  tufted 
merebah  bird. 


jah!m 


Vp-    jabal.     Arab.    A  mountain.  JabalKdf:  Mount 
^*  '       Qaf ;  Ht.  Raj.  Kh.,  52. 

4JL5J-    jibillah.  Arab.   Character,  nature,  disposition. 

4^j>-    jSbah.     I.     Broad  and  full  of  the  countenance. 

II.  Anak  jebah :  a  name  sometimes  given 
to  the  small  vessels  (pekapor)  for  sireh-lime 
kept  in  a  sireh-hox. 


<U;>-    jSboh.     A   kind   of  fish,    like   a   tamban,  but 
without  scales. 


4^  jubbah.  Arab.  A  kind  of  long  outer  vest, 
something  like  a  shirt,  worn  by  male  Hajis ; 
Sh.  Ul.,  27;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  5.  Sudah  berjang- 
gut  tiyada  berjtibbah :  he  has  the  beard  but 
not  the  robe  (of  a  pious  man) ;  he  is  not  all 
that  he  professes  to  be  ;  Prov. 

jL*\^    j§jamang.     A   gold    or    silver    frontlet ;    Ht. 
cr  '  '        Mas  Ed. ;  usually /aman^,  q,  v. 


^^ 


usually  jaman^,  q, 
V^    jfijamu.     A   plant,    aporosa    microcalyx ;    also 


jantu-jamu. 


fcA^    JSjawL     Pohun  jejawi:   a  large   fig- 
- -^  *  *        rhododendrifolia.     Also  jawi-jawi. 


tree,  fie  us 


yb\^    jajahan     or    jejahan.       District,     outlying 
*"^  *  '       territories ;  v.  jajah. 

Y^  jejas.  Abrasion;  grazing;  scratching;  the 
**^*  *  lightest  form  of  wound  or  actual  injury;  cf. 
chachat,  which  refers  to  similar  flaws  in  ap- 
pearance only.  Jangankan  terbelah  jejas-ptm 
tidak  :  so  far  from  being  split,  it  was  not  even 
scratched  (of  a  tree-trunk) ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 
Alsoj^y^s. 


jgjak.     Step,  tread.     Better  jijak,  q.  v. 

jgjal.  The  closing  of  an  interstice ;  the  filling 
up  of  a  crack  by  the  insertion  of  a  knife-blade 
or  any  similar  temporary  measure. 
Menjejal :  to  close  a  crack ;  to  force  food  into 
a  child's  mouth  by  way  of  punishment  when 
the  child  will  not  finish  the  food  set  before  it. 

jdjintek.     (Kedah.)     The  larvae  of  the  mos- 
quito ;"(Riau,  Johor)  jintek-jinteL 


^^^   jgjenang.     (Kedah.)     A   petty  officer 
LT^*        dinate  to  the  batin ;  see  jenang. 


subor- 


j^    jahad.     Arab.     Denying,  recanting  (religion), 
breaking  one's  word. 

^^    jahim.      Arab.      Fiercely-burning    fire;    hell 
r  fire.     Nuraka jahim:  the  Lowest  Hell ;  Mith. 

Sar.,  63. 


j£da 


[      220      ] 


j£rat 


^-^  jSda.  [Arab.  J\j^  .]  Pause,  break,  inter- 
mission.    Also  jedi. 

AJc>-  jid&r.  Arab.  The  ** walls"  within  which 
type  is  confined;  the  lines  which  appear 
round   a    page   of   printed    matter   in    some 

books ;  lines  ruled  round  a  letter.     Also  ^j^ 

JLjc>-  jadwal  or  jidwal.  Arab.  A  schedule,  a 
statement  in  tabular  form ;  a  table — in  the 
sense  of  mathematical,  astronomical  or  statis- 
tical tables.     Sarat  jadwal :  id. ;  Muj.,  23. 

oJc>'  juddah.  Arab.  Jeddahj  the  port  of  Mecca. 
Also  called  pangkalan  juddah. 

JuiJ>*    jadid.     Arab.     New,  unused. 


\ 


jir.    (Riau,  Johor.)    Aim,  target,  butt.    Also  jih. 


u>*  jSra.  Warned  by  experience;  frightened  off 
(anything).  Tiyada  jera :  he  has  not  yet 
learnt  by  experience ;  he  has  not  taken  his 
lessons  to  heart, — used  of  a  man  who  again 
commits  a  blunder  for  which  he  has  paid 
heavily  before. 

{y}j>'  jSrabun.  (Kedah.)  Heaped  up  together  in 
great  swelling  masses,  as  coal  under  a  shed ; 
also  (Riau,  Johor)  jerembtm. 

^U>-  jSrabai.  Hanging  down  in  tatters  ;  cf  jerani' 
bat, 

^•>\c>    jdradek.     The  name  of  a  cake;  Kl. 

A\p.  j6rangau.  A  plant  much  used  by  native 
medicine-men,  acorus  calamus. 


J,  laut :  id.,  enhalas  acoroides, 
/.  padang  :  id.,  xyris  indica. 


J], 


\p-  jgragan  or  juragan.  (From  juru  agong  ? )  : 
the  skipper  of  a  native  perahu,  as  distinct  from 
the  captain  of  an  Arab  trading  ship  {nakhoda, 
q.  v.),  or  of  a  European-built  vessel  (kapitan, 
q.  v.);  Sh.  Lamp.,  9;  Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  4.  Sha'tr 
Juragan  Budinian  :  the  name  of  a  poem. 

<0W-  jSragah.  (Kedah)  Spiky,  antlered,  branching 
out  in  all  directions ;  also  (Riau,  Johor) 
cheranggah. 

^\p^    jgrageh.      A    plant    also    known    as     selaseh 
-^      padang;  Kl. 

^\rr  jSramah.  Seizure;  grip  with  claws  and 
teeth — as  a  tiger  seizes  its  prey,  or  as  Malay 
women  when  fighting  scratch  and  bite  each 
other ;  seizure  with  both  hands  or  in  every 
possible  way.  Di-jeramah-nya  akan  dayang  itu 
rebah  terlentang :  she  clawed  hold  of  the  girl 
and  rolled  over  on  the  ground  with  her ;  Ht. 
Best. 
Menjeramah  :  to  seize  in  this  way  ;  Ht.  Best. 


c?W  jSrami.  The  dry  stubble  left  in  the  field  after 
harvest ;  the  dried  stumps  of  the  crop ;  an 
expression  of  constant  occurrence  in  erotic 
pantuns,  e.  g.,  Hi.  Sh.  Kub. ;  Ht.  Koris;  Sh. 
Peng.,  5;  Sh.  Ch.  Ber.,  11;  Sh.  B.  A,  M., 
5;   etc. 

Jerami  is  also  used  to  describe  the  uneatable 
parts  of  the  nangha  and  chempedak  fruit 
between  the  edible  pods, 

^  \^    jgrawat.     Pimples    on   the    face.    /.   nasek : 
^^^      small  pimples  in   no  way  affecting  health  or 
comfort.    /.  baiu  :  ulcerating  pimples. 

r^\rr    jSl^aus.     Quick  in  one's  movements  ;  sprightly. 


jU\ 


jSrahap.     To  fall  to  the  ground  on  one's  face 
and  with  outstretched  arms. 


yb\»>-  jSrahak.  Definitely  and  permanently  aban- 
doned while  still  incomplete — as  a  work ; 
given  up  as  a  bad  job. 

C.*>\  •>■    jfirait.     Interlinked  ;  joined  together   perma- 


nently as  the  links  of  a  chain — in  contradis- 
tinction to  being  merely  hooked  or  coupled 
together  when  the  coupling  need  simply  be 
undone  ;  cf.  kait, 

^J>'    jarb.     Arab.     Itch ;  scabies, 

uj5f-  j6r6ba.  Menjereba  :  to  lay  a  ship  on  its  side, 
e,  g.^  for  caulking  or  painting  ;  Kl. 

Li  y>-  jer6bak.  Mmjerebak  :  to  permeate  (a  house) 
— of  a  smell ;  to  pervade  everything.  Also 
menyerbak, 

oJ  ^    jSrebu.     Lautj, :  the  open   sea ;  the  sea  out 
^-^^      of  sight  of  land. 

Orang  belayar   laut  jerebu, 

Putus   tali  sampan   tunda-nya ; 
Niyat  di-hati   hendak    bertemu  ; 
A  dek  di-kawal  ayah  bonda-nya, 

a  man  was  sailing  on  the  open  sea,  when 
the  painter  of  his  dinghy  gave  way ;  it  is  my 
heartfelt  wish  that  we  may  meet,  but  my 
love  is  watched  by  her  father  and  mother, 

^Pr  jSrat.  A  running-noose ;  a  snare  based  on 
the  principle  of  the  running-noose.  Tahan 
jerat  sorong  kepala :  to  set  a  noose  trap  and 
then  stick  one's  head  into  it ;  to  be  hoist  with 
one's  own  petard;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV., 
loi.  PBlandok'lah  melupakakan  jerat  tetapi 
jerat  tiyada  melupakan  pelandok :  the  dwarf- 
deer  may  forget  the  snare  but  the  snare  will 
not  forget  the  dwarf-deer  ;  a  man  may  neglect 
natural  laws  but  they  will  not  spare  him  ; 
Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  451.  JBrat  sa-rentang :  a 
running-noose  set  as  a  snare ;  a  snare ;  Sh. 
Lail.  Mejn.,  17. 

/.  bidas  :  a  snare  for  birds. 


j£rit 


[      221       ] 


J^RiKAH 


^J^ 


^rr 


t^ 


L^ 


/.  embat :  a  snare  which  combines  the  prin- 
ciple of  the  noose  and  spring ;  a  wire  spring 
snare. 

/.  kawat:=zj,  embat;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

/.  fanjol :  a  noose-snare  for  crabs, 

Memasang  j,  or  menahanj, :  to  set  snares. 

Menjerat :  to  catch  with  a  noose,  to  trap  by 
means  of  noose-snares  ;  Sej.  MaL,  25. 

Jerat  is  also  used  to  describe  the  lasso  used 
in  war  by  heroes  of  romance  ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  64. 

jerit.  I.  Shrieking;  the  utterance  of  loud 
piercing  cries  ;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  4.  Menjerit  : 
to  utter  such  shrieks  as  a  person  in  great  fear 
or  pain.  Maka  Dewi  Januwati  pim  menjerit 
seraya  menyebut-nyebut  Betara  Kesna :  the 
Goddess  Yajnawati  shrieked  and  kept  calling 
on  the  Great  Divinity  Krishna ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Berjeritan  :  crying  out ;  shrieking — of  many 
persons;  Sh.  K.  G.  T.,  3,  5. 

n.  The  painful  sensation  caused  by  a  morsel 
of  food  getting  into  the  windpipe. 

j6rut.  Drawing  a  slip-knot  or  noose  ;  closing 
a  bag  the  mouth  of  which  is  closed  by  a  string 
being  drawn  through  an  aperture. 

jirjir.     Arab,     Olives ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 

jSrSjak.      Thin   perpendicular   laths   holding 

together  the  atap  or  kajang  portions  of  a  wall 
in  a  native  house  of  the  poorest  type ;  plain 
wooden  bars  in  a  window.  Iron  bars  are 
known  (Straits  Settlements)  as  r^/  (rail)  jerejak. 

jerang.  The  act  or  process  of  warming  any- 
thing at  a  fire.  Jerangkan:  to  do  this  act; 
Ht.  Koris. ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  17; 
Muj.,  47,  49. 


t^ 


u^. 


'^ 


tree   with 


brown 
odour, 
241;    Pel. 


jering.       A   medium-sized 
curled    pods     exhaling    a    nauseous 
pithecolobium  lobattmi;    Ht.    Abd., 
Abd.,  37. 

/.  balai :  pithecolobium  fasciculatum, 

/.  monyet :  pithecolobium  clypearia, 

/.  ttipai  :  pithecolobium  microcarpum, 

Bertangkai  jiring :  (Kedah)  to  play  the  fool. 

jferong.  A  kind  of  large  man-eating  shark ; 
the  largest  shark  known  to  the  Malays ;  the 
ground  shark  ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  4.  Sha'ir  anak 
raja  di-sambar  jirong :  the  title  of  a  Malay 
poem  relating  the  adventures  of  a  Malay 
prince  who  was  swallowed  by  a  shark  and 
afterwards  escaped  out  of  its  dead  body. 

jSrongMs.  Aslant;  gradually  becoming  up- 
rooted— of  the  buried  end  of  a  pile  or  stake 
not  sufficiently  imbedded  into  the  ground  to 
resist  the  leverage  pressure  exercised  by  the 
current  on  the  upper  portion  of  the  stake. 


^j^ 


p^ 


p. 


'j^ 


^ 


jSrangkang.  The  attitude  of  an  animal  lying 
on  its  back  with  its  paws  in  the  air.  Lalu 
jatoh  terjerangkang  kaki  empat :  then  it  fell 
over,  paws  in  the  air;    Ht.   Sg.  Samb.;   cf. 

cheranggah,  chcranchang,  jeragah,  jerangkah,  etc . 

j§rongkong.  I,  Knocked  over;  knocked  on 
one's  back;  knocked  into  the  position  des- 
cribed by  the  word  jerangkang,  q.  v. 

II.  Stumbling  along;  falling  and  rising. 

III.  Hantu  jerongkong :  an  evil  spirit  pos- 
sibly identical  with  the  hantu  bungkus  (a  spirit 
of  a  man  which  moves  about  stumbling  and 
falling  or  rolling  along  in  its  grave-clothes), 
but  according  to  many  the  spirit  of  a  man  in 
the  form  of  a  dog. 

jSrungkau.  Curving  downwards,  hanging  in 
a  curve  as  branches  hanging  over  a  river  or  as 
hair  hanging  over  the  face.  Menmgkau  and 
menjerungkau:  to  hang  in  this  way. 

jSrangkah.  Projecting  upwards;  sticking 
up  into  the  air  as  the  spikes  of  a  caltrop ; 
Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

jSrengkah.  Pendulous  and  large  with  milk, 
of  the  breasts  or  udders.  Merengkah  and 
menjerengkah :  to  be  in  this  condition. 

jgrongkah.  Irregular,  uneven,  jagged,  of  a 
mouthful  of  teeth.  Cf.  jongkah,  jerangkah^ 
jerangkang,  etc. 

jerap.  Filtration  or  permeation  through  any 
substance ;  saturation  till  drops  collect  and 
fall. 

Sorong   kayu   nasi  di4anakf 

Mari  tanak,   tepi   kuwala ; 
Rendam  suinbu  dalam   minyak, 

Sudah   menjerap   beharii  menyala : 

steep  a  wick  in   oil;    when  saturated  it  will 
begin  to  burn. 


r^-^    jSrfipak.     (Riau,  Johor.)     Menjerepak :    to  fall 
over;  also  (Kedah)  menjerempak. 


'j^ 


^ 


'Jpr 


^S' 


'Jpr 


^J. 


6J^ 


jerok,     A  generic  name  for  fruits  of  the  citron 

class  (usually  limau) ;  a  kind  of  pickle  made 
by  salting  these  acid  fruits — ^but  not  using 
vinegar  (see  achar) ;  pickling  in  salt  and  water  ; 
the  name  given  to  the  conduct  of  a  man  who 
keeps  his  wife  locked  up  in  his  house;  Ht. 
Koris. 

/.  china  :  Chinese  pickles;  Kam.  Kech.,  8. 

,^P^   J6r6kat.     (Riau,  Johor.) 
-^      (Kedah)  pinang  kachat, 

«0  ^    jdrSkah.      Angry  or  threatening  movements 
or  gestures ;    menace  by  gesture  rather  than 


Unripe   betel-nut 


by  words ; 
nation. 


(by  metaphor)  severe  cross-exami- 


j£bI!LOk 


[      222      ] 


jfeRAH 


jgrfilok.  (Kedah.)  Mangkok  jerelok  :  a  deep 
cup;  also  (Riau,  Johor)  mangkok  jelok, 

jfiram.  L  Rapids  in  a  stream ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng. 

II.    Jermn-jeram  :  an  oil-cake  ;  Kl. 

J6r6mba.  A  sudden  and  unexpected  encoun- 
ter ;  suddenly  coming  face  to  face  with  a  wild 
animal  or  anything  of  a  similar  character. 

jSrembet.  United,  interlinked;  cL  jerait  and 
jBrepet, 

jdrambang.  A  kind  of  marine  will-o'-the- 
wisp  ;  an  ignis  fatuns  on  the  sea,  believed  by 
Malays  to  be  an  evil  spirit. 

jSrumbong.  A  sort  of  permanent  awning  or 
deckhouse  in  a  native  sailing  boat ;  seejerubong. 

jdrSmbap.  Menjerembap:  to  fall  to  the 
ground  into  a  sitting  posture,  the  legs  being 
stretched  out  their  full  length. 

jgrSmbtUl.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Heaped  up  al- 
together; collected  into  one  great  heap,  as 
coal  in  a  shed  ;  also  (Kedah)  jerabtin, 

jgrumbun.  (Riau,  Johor.)  The  lair  of  a  wild 
boar.     Also  (Kedah)  jerumun. 

jSrambah.  A  kind  of  scaffolding  or  unrailed 
verandah  outside  a  Malay  house  and  used  for 
keeping  jars  of  water,  washing  plates,  and 
similar  purposes ;  (sometimes)  a  scaffolding 
projecting  beyond  the  deck  of  a  ship;  cf. 
dandan. 


^j5j-    j§rambai.     Dangling  ;  see  jemmbaiy  but  with 
-  *  the  sense  of  ugliness,  as  in  the  case  of  tatters 

danghng  from  a  garment. 

^^P^   jdriimbai.     The  dangling  of  a  fringe  of  long 
- '     '       tassels — the  frequentative  ofjumbai,  q.  v. ;  cf. 
rumbai,  jerambai  and  j  era  bat. 

jSrSmang.  Support  by  short  props  or 
buttresses  (sagang),  short  thick  pieces  of 
wood  placed  so  as  to  keep  a  boat  in  an 
upright  position  when  drawn  up  on  the  beach. 
Patah  tongkat  berjeremang :  when  the  prop 
goes,  to  use  buttresses ;  when  one  line  of 
defence  is  gone,  to  fall  back  on  another ;  to 
never  give  in  ;  Prov.;  cf.  J.S.A.S.,  XXIV.,  in. 
Tongkat  refers  only  to  props  rising  vertically 
from  below ;  jeremang,  like  sokong  and  sagang, 
to  angular  side  supports  or  buttresses. 

Berjeremang  is  also  used  by  metaphor  in  the 
sense  of  walking  on  all  fours,  and  can  be  so 
translated  in  the  proverb  quoted  above. 

J6r6mal.  A  palissading  of  bamboos  used  as 
a  fish-trap ;  Ht.  Abd.,  72,  229.  Belatf. :  a 
deep-sea  fish-trap,  an  out-shore  belat. 


t^ 


J. 


4^ 


y^j*- 


JrT^J^ 


<9 


'J^ 


\ D  A>.>" 


jfirman  or  J6r6man.  (Eng.)  German;  Ht. 
Abd.,  148.  Negeri  J erman  :  Germany .  Orang 
jBnnan  :  a  German. 

jfirSnang.  The  vegetable  product  known  as 
''  dragon's  blood  "  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  354. 

jdrneh  or  jgrSneh.  Clearness  ;  limpidity  of 
water ;  transparency ;  purity ;  (used  by 
metaphor)  sincerity  of  heart ;  frankness. 
Ayer-nya  terlalu  jereneh  :  its  water  was  ex- 
tremely limpid  ;  Ht.  P. J. P.  Btiwang-kaft  ayer 
yang  keroh  mengambil  ayer  yang  jereneh  :  to 
throw  away  dirty  water  and  take  clean  ;  to 
turn  over  a  new  leaf;  Prov.  Muka  yang 
jereneh  :  a  placid,  contented  face. 

j6r§ni.  Pintu  jereni  or  pintu  dereni :  half- 
doors,  small  screen-like  doors  not  entirely 
closing  a  passage  but  permitting  ventilation 
while  ensuring  privacy. 

jerau.     Deep  dark  red. 

jerubong  or  jgrobong.  An  awning  of  mat- 
ting which  covers  goods  which  cannot  be 
stowed  away  in  the  hold. 

/.  bajati :  fixed  awnings  on  each  side  of  a 
vessel  but  not  extending  across  the  centre; 
ci,  jiibongjjerumbong,  bumbong,  etc. 

jdrojol.  Half  issuing  forth  through  an  aper- 
ture ;  emerging  as  a  bird's  head  from  between 
the  bars  of  a  cage,  or  as  a  snake's  head  from 
a  hole.     Also  merojol  and  berojoL 

jeruju.  A  shrub  with  white  or  blue  flowers 
and  holly-like  leaves,  acanthus  ebracteatas ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  155,  203,  286. 

jerupeh.  Mmjerupeh :  (Kedah)  to  add  to  the 
height  of  anything,  to  increase  height,  to  add 
a  patch  or  layer  to  the  top  of  anything. 

jdrukup.  Joining  boughs ;  over  arching — 
as  trees  which  form  an  avenue ;  cf.  rungkup, 

jerumat.  The  process  of  closing  a  rent  by 
darning. 

jSrumus.  A  sprawling  posture  after  a  fall 
on  one's  face.  Jatoh  terjerumns :  to  fall  sprawl- 
ing into  this  attitude;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Sej. 
Mai.,  16. 

jSrumxin.  (Kedah.)  The  lair  of  a  wild  boar; 
also  (Riau,  Johor)  jertmibtm.  The  word  is 
also  applied  to  describe  a  peculiar  hiding- 
place  used  by  trappers  or  hunters  to  conceal 
themselves  from  their  prey. 

jdrohok.  Stumbling  into  a  hole  concealed 
by  deep  grass. 

jSrah.  Plentiful — of  a  crop;  numerous — of 
cases  of  illness  during  an  epidemic. 


J£iXv£iH 


[     223    ] 


jfiNGOK 


vr 


^rr 


jSreh.  I.  Worn  out  and  dispirited;  mental 
depression  consequent  on  physical  fatigue. 
Lihat'lah  hamba  ini  berdiri  dengan  suwatti  kaki 
memberi  naungi  kapada  sakaliyan  yang  lelah 
jereh :  look  at  me  (a  tree)  standing  on  one  leg 
to  give  shade  to  all  who  are  weary  and  worn 
out;    Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  26. 

II.  Pain  caused  by  a  piece  of  food  remain- 
ing in  the  windpipe.     Stronger  than  jerit,  q,  v. 

III.  Brought  to  reason  ;  taught  to  obey,  of 
an  obstinate  man. 

jfiroh.  Very  steep  and  sloping,  of  a  declivity, 
and  especially  of  the  slope  of  a  roof. 


^JT  jfirehak.  Complete  abandonment— of  any 
work.  Terjerehak:  given  up  as  a  bad  job; 
altogether  abandoned  ;  cf.  bengkalat. 

fjjp^  jSrai.  Gunongjerai:  Kedah  Peak,  the  name 
of  a  mountain  visible  from  Penang  and  said 
to  be  called  jerai  because  of  its  height  (gtmong 
jerai,  kerana  sebab  tinggi-nya ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.) 

C.^u^  j6riyat.  A  contrivance  like  a  stick  with  long 
trailers  hanging  from  it — used  to  frighten 
shrimps  and  make  them  leap  into  a  boat; 
cf.  jari. 

^J^    j^ringing.     Grinning.     Also  jeringai. 

j^^j>-  j^ringau.  A  plant,  acoms  calamus;  better 
jerangau,  q.  v. 

(J*i/r    jSringai.     Grinning.     Also  jeringing. 


jgrepet.  United  ;  interlinked  or  adhering  one 
to  another,  of  two  long  objects  which  are  so 
joined  together  that  one  can  move  more  or 
less  freely  independently  of  the  other,  e,  g,, 
as  two  links  of  a  chain ;     cf.  jereket  and  jerait, 

jSreket.  United  ;  adhering  one  to  another — 
of  two  long  objects  which  are  so  connected 
that  they  cannot  move  except  together ;  cf. 
jerepet  and  jerait. 

This  word  is  also  used  to  describe  a  peculiar 
dish  made  of  slices  oi  the  pisang  cooked  and 
stuck  together  with  syrup. 

jSriyau.     Laths  of  split  m6o;i^ ;  Kl. 

jgriyah.  I.  A  slave  girl;  better  (Arab.) 
jdriyah,  I.,  q.  v. 

II.  Ever-flowing  grace,  charity;  better 
(Araih.)  jdriyah^  11. ,  q,  v. 


i5>-    JUZ.     Arab.     A   section   of    the    Koran;    Ht. 
Abd.,  21,  22. 

«)>■    JQ'Za'.     Arab.     Reward,  recompense. 


0-^> 


ir^ 


p^r  jazm.  Arab.  Cutting  off;  amputation;  the 
name  given  to  a  diacritical  mark  signifying 
that  the  consonant  ends  abruptly,  i,  e.,  that 
it  is  not  followed  by  a  vowel. 


''JiJr^ 


jazirah.     Arab.     An  island. 

justa.     [Skr.  dusta,]     Falsehood,  false;  better 
dtista,  q.  V. 


jastar.     [Pers. 
dastaVf  q.  V. 


dastar.]      A    turban;    better 


^,,;Xw^   justisiya.     [Port.;//s//cm.] 
^  "      *       justice;  Ht.  Abd.,  34. 


Justice  ;  court  of 


jasad.  Arab.  Body;  the  material  visible 
body  in  contradistinction  to  the  soul  or  spirit 
of  life.  Bercherai4ah  nyawa  dengan-nya  jasad : 
the  soul  is  severed  from  its  body;  Sh.  May,, 
3.  Jasad-nya  tidak  kehendakan  makan :  his 
body  has  lost  all  desire  of  food  ;  Sh.  Lail. 
Mejn.,  29. 


(j-JuuP-    jasadi.     Arab.     Bodily. 


jism.     Arab.     Body;  substance;  bulk;  mass. 

jismani.  Arab.  Body,  bodily.  Tuna4ah 
'akal,  Umah  jismani :  with  tired  ( wounded ) 
thought  and  weary  body ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Sa- 
lengkap  jismani :    the  whole  body ;    Sh,  Panj. 

jing.     A  native  game ;   Kl. 

jong.  I.  Junk;  a  large  Chinese  or  native 
sea-going  sailing  ship.  Sa-ratus  bnwah  jong : 
a  hundred  junks.  Jong  pechah  yu  yang  km- 
nyang :  when  the  junk  is  wrecked,  the  sharks 
get  their  fill ;  it's  an  ill  wind  that  blows 
nobody  any  good ;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  5 ;  cf. 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  98. 

II.  A  land  measure  in  use  in  Java. 

III.  Kain  jong  sarat :  the  name  of  a  broad- 
cloth heavily  embroidered  with  gold,  so  called 
either  from  the  pattern  or  as  an  abbreviation 
of  hiijong  sarat. 


tr 


err 


jongjang. 

only). 


(Kedah.)     Shameless    (of  women 


jSngok.     Watching    or    seeing    anything    by 

looking  through  a  lattice,  crevice  or  keyhole, 
keeping  oneself  unseen  all  the  time;  spying 
upon  anything.  Kn  jengok-lah  ka-dalam  bang- 
sal  itu :  I  peered  into  the  shed ;  Ht.  Abd.,  311. 

Menjengok  :  to  peer ;  to  peep ;  to  spy  through 
anything;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  121.  K^pala  itu 
iimbul  menjengok'jengok  di-ayer  itu :  his  head 
came  to  the  surface  and  kept  peering  along 
the  water ;  Ht.  Jay.  Asm. 


JANGKA 


[    224    ] 


j£nok£:ring 


^i^ 


t-iJSji^ 


jaxigka.  I.  A  pair  of  compasses  (for  measur- 
ing) ;  the  exact  measurement ;  the  exact 
quantity  of  space  allowed  for  any  purpose 
after  verification  by  actual  measurement. 
£nam  puloh  koyan  imiwat  di-jangka :  sixty  ko- 
yans  capacity  by  actual  measurement — of  a 
ship;  Sh.  Peng.,  13.  Sa-Ulah  sampai-lah 
jangka-nya :  when  the  exact  limits  measured 
off  (for  excavation  purposes)  had  been 
reached ;  Ht.  Abd.,  64.  Bagai  di-jangka  :  as 
if  it  had  been  exactly  measured  off;  Ht.  Raj. 
Don.,  44.  Korang  dart  jangka :  below^  the 
average. 

Jangka  is  used  of  any  instrument  or  method 
of  exact  measurement ;  for  instance,  in  slitting 
mingkuwang  the  jangka  is  a  piece  of  wood 
with  4  or  5  points  according  to  the  number 
of  strips  required. 

II.  (Probably  identical  with  I.)  The  time; 
the  proper  time ;  the  fixed  or  appointed  time. 
Apa-bila  malam  sampai-lah  jangka :  when  it 
was  night  and  the  time  had  come ;  Sh.  Put. 
Ak.,  26. 


III.     Youthful,  unmarried. 
jangga. 


Also  jaka  and 


jangkat.  A  shallow,  a  mud-bank;  usually 
changkat,  q.  v. 

jangMt.  I.  Dissemination  without  visible 
and  tangible  connection ;  spreading  as  an 
epidemic  disease  or  as  a  fire  which  spreads  by 
unseen  channels.  Sopak  kedal  chelaka  ini, 
entahkan  jangkit  akan  aku  pula  :  this  miserable 
skin-diseased  wretch,  who  knows, — perhaps  he 
may  infect  me  too ;  Ht.  Best.  Sakit  berjang- 
kit :  infectious  sickness. 

Menjangkit :  to  spread  by  leaps  and  boutids  ; 
to  burst  out  in  different  and  apparently  uncon- 
nected spots. 

Orang  China  berkata  api  datang  dari  langit^ 
Sebab  itu4ah  iya  ber jangkit- jangkit : 

the  Chinese  said  that  the  fire  had  come  down 
from  heaven,  and  that  it  thus  came  to  pass 
that  it  broke  out  here  and  there ;  Sh.  K.  G.  T., 
14. 

11.  Pierced  by  a  barbed  point  or  thorn,  but 
not  necessarily  held  back  by  it. 

Padi  ptdut  di-dalam  bendang, 

Banyak  rumput  dengan  jerami ; 
Mtdut  kita  di-suwap  pisang^ 
Buntut  kita  di-jangkit  duri : 

bananas  are  thrust  into  our  mouths,  and 
thorns  into  our  backs  ;  to  do  a  bad  turn  under 
cover  of  a  good  one ;  Prov.  Jangkit  is  also 
used  to  describe  the  process  of  attaching  the 
bait  to  the  hook. 

jSngket.  Walking  on  one's  heels ;  motion  or 
action  on  one  end  only,  the  other  end  being 
raised  aloft ;  cf.  jongkit.  Menjengket :  to  walk 
on  one's  heels.  Menjingket  jari  :  to  eat  using 
one's  index  finger  and  thumb  only,  the  other 
three  fingers  being  affectedly  extended  to  invite 


S.i>- 


JKi>- 


yJo^ 


attention  to  their  beauty.  Rambut  menjengket : 
hair  that  insists  on  rising ;  a  fringe  {andam, 
q.  V.)  that  will  not  be  waxed  down  to  adhere 
to  the  forehead — a  sign  believed  unfavourable 
to  a  girl's  past  chastity ;  Sh.  Peng.,  4. 

jengket.  Walking  on  tiptoe  by  preference 
and  without  pain,  as  a  Malay  whose  heel  has 
got  dirty  and  who  wishes  to  avoid  soiling  a 
mat  over  which  he  is  walking. 

jengkot  or  jingkat.  Walking  painfully  on 
tiptoe  or  on  the  side  of  one's  foot,  as  the 
result  of  a  wound  in  the  foot. 


jongkat.    Jongkat-jongkit . 
ing;  y.jongkit. 


unsteady,  see-saw- 


jj>^ 


tP^ 


jongkit.  The  rise  of  the  tail,  point  or  hinder 
extremity  of  anything  by  a  sort  of  see-saw 
motion  ;  tilted  up  at  the  tip.  Anjing  di-tepok 
kipala  menjongkit  ekor :  pat  a  dog  on  the  head 
and  up  goes  his  tail ;  show  attention  to  a  brute 
and  he  will  requite  you  with  an  insult ;  Prov. 
Lantai  pechah  tir jongkit :  a  floor  of  loose  planks 
which  rise  and  fall  when  trodden  on ;  Sh. 
Kamp.  Boy.,  10. 

J ongkang- jongkit :  swaying,  unsteady,  see- 
sawing (as  the  planks  in  a  loose  or  bad  floor) ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Jongkang-jongkitan  :  id. ;  Pel. 
Abd.,  89.    Jongkat-jongkit :  id. 

jangkar.  I.  [Dutch:  anker?]  Jangkar 
dewi :    a    cat-head.        Sauh  j, :     a    grapnel. 

II.  Spreading  above  ground,  of  the  roots  of 
a  tree  ;  exposed  altogether  as  the  roots  of  the 
mangrove,  as  opposed  to  the  form  taken  by 
roots  such  as  those  of  some  trees  which  run 
half  buried  along  the  surface  of  the  soil,  or  as 
others  such  as  those  of  the  areca-nut  palm 
which,  though  exposed,  grow  in  a  solid  cluster 
and  enclose  no  air  space. 

jingkir.  A  platform  on  which  a  recently- 
confined  woman  is  laid  by  Malay  midwives 
in  order  that  she  may  be  warmed  by  a  fire  lit 
underneath ;  v.  diyang, 

jongkar.  Projecting  ;  sticking  out ;  causing 
a  prominence,  as  a  keris  in  a  bundle  of 
shorter  objects. 

/.  jongkir  :  sticking  out  in  various  directions 
— as  a  number  of  swords  and  daggers  stuck  in 
a  man's  belt. 

jongkir.  Jongkar -jongkir :  bristling  with 
points,  sticking  out  in  different  directions  (of 
points) ;  v.  jongkar. 

jangkarayu.  A  bird  (unidentified).  Jangka- 
rayu  kunun  mengatnr  sarang :  the  jangkarayu 
is  said  to  be  building  its  nest ;  Sh.  Bur. 
Pung.,  4. 

j^ngkSring.    A  malignant  eruptive  disease. 


J^NOKtiREK 


[    225    ] 


j£:ngkau 


jfingkSrek.     A    species    of    cricket ;    usually 
chhtgkerek,  q.  v. 


jangkang. 

kang  ? 


I.     A  kind  of  crab,  KL  ;  =  bang- 


II.  Wide  open,  of  the  arms;  wide  apart, 
of  the  legs  ;  cf.  kangkang,  Jatoh  ka-bunii  pula 
terjangkang :  he  fell  to  earth  with  his  legs 
gaping  apart ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

III.  A  generic  name  given  to  a  number  of 
trees. 

Jangkang ;  j,  pay  a  ;  j.  betina ;  or  j.  merah  : 
xylopia  ferruginea  or  (Penang)  hopea  intermedia, 

J,  bukit :  a  wild  nutmeg,  myristica  poly- 
sphoenda, 

J.  hutan :  a  small  tree  with  large  green 
flowers,  polyalthia  scortechinii. 

J.  paya  :  a  large  tree  with  lavender  coloured 
flowers,  vernonia  arborea, 

A  kar  j, :  a  creeper,  melodormn  rnannbriaUmt. 

jtSj^    jangking.    Jongkang-jangking :    the    irregular 
CT     *       projection   and   withdrawal   of  points   in  all 
directions  ;   the    rise  and  fall  of  picks  where 
coolies  are  working  without  keeping  time. 

i5v^    jSngkang.     The  position  of  a  body  extended 
CT     *       on  its  back  with  limbs  projecting  upwards — 
especially  of  dead  insects. 

«5sx>-    jengkang.     The  extension  of  a  leg,  as  when 
CT     *       a  mother  takes  the  foot  of  a  sitting  child  and 

makes  the  child  stretch  out  the  limb  (to  be 

cleaned). 


jSngkeng  or  jSngking.  Kala  jengkeng :  the 
common  house  scorpion,  so  called  from  the 
way  it  strikes  at  its  foes. 

jengkeng.     L     Moving  about  quietly  on  tip- 
toe. 

II.     A  large  Patani  junk. 

jongkang.  The  lifting  of  a  pick  or  of  any 
similar  instrument  over  the  shoulder  point 
upwards,  preparatory  to  striking. 

/.  jangking :  the  irregular  rise  and  fall  of  picks 
— as  when  a  number  of  labourers  are  work- 
ing together. 

jongkong.  I.  A  small  boat;  a  short  ja/or; 
a  sort  of  dinghy  towed  behind  a  ship;  Sej. 
Mai.,  54.     Sampan  j, :  id. ;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  6. 

Besar  ulat   di-pokok   kayti, 

A  nak   bUanda  main   teropong ; 

Besar  daulat  raja   Melayu, 
Kapal  di'lant  di4unda  jongkong  : 

dignified  indeed  are  our  Malay  princes,  sea- 
going ships  towed  along  by  dinghies;  a 
sarcasm  on  a  Malay  Prince  who,  when  inde- 
pendent, is  the  slave  of  parasites,  and  when 
protected  is  powerless  before  the  British 
Resident ;  Prov. 


jSJe^- 


II.  Sa-tampang  jongkong :  a  peculiar  token 
of  exchange  made  of  tin,  and  so  called  if 
hollowed  out ;  v.  tampang, 

iSJcj-  jongkok.  I.  The  act  of  stooping  forward  to 
pick  up  anything. 

II.     Jav.     To  squat;  KL 
\5^«>.    jangkil.    Morose ;  ill-tempered ;  Kam.  Kech.,  8. 

\5v5c>-  jfengkal.  The  span  between  the  extremity  of 
the  thumb  and  that  of  the  middle  finger, 
when  held  apart  as  widely  as  possible,  and 
used  as  a  measure  of  distance ;  Ht.  Abd.,  28, 
387,  451 ;  Sh.  Peng.,  14  ;  to  grasp  between 
the  finger  and  thumb.  Di-jengkalkan  tdeh 
Amir  Hamza  riisok  Kushtam  dengan  diiwa  biji 
jari-nya :  the  Amir  Hamza  seized  the  side  of 
Kushtam  between  his  fingers  ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  54. 
Chakapan  sa-jengkal  di-bawa  satti  hesta:  give 
him  three  inches  of  words  and  he  will  carry  off 
a  cubit ;  give  him  the  least  opportunity  for 
scandalous  talk  and  he  will  take  your  whole 
character  away ;  Prov. 

/.  telunjok  :  the  span  between  the  extremities 
of  the  thumb  and  index  finger. 

/.  kelengkeng  and  j.  jari  manis :  the  span 
between  the  extremities  of  the  thumb  and  of 
the  little  finger,  and  finger  next  to  it,  res- 
pectively. 

Sa-jengkal  menyisip  ka-sa-belah :  the  span 
between  the  tips  of  two  adjoining  fingers  held 
as  far  apart  as  possible  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  18. 

/.  ketok :  a  measure  of  length ;  the  span 
between  the  tip  of  the  thumb  and  the  central 
joint  of  the  finger  when  the  finger  is  bent 
for  rapping. 

Menjengkal  muka :  (literally)  to  measure  one's 
face ;  (by  metaphor)  to  pass  the  time,  to  get 
rid  of  ennui  by  watching  other  people's  work 
without  taking  part  in  it.  Also  membuwang 
gatal  or  membuwang  miyang. 

\5^i>.   jSngkol.     I.     A  tree  (unidentified) ;  Kl. 

II.  A  measure  of  length  ;  the  span  between 
the  tip  of  the  outstretched  thumb  and  that  of 
the  bent  finger ;  cf.  jengkal  and  jengkal  ketok, 

Ky^    jongkol.     A  tin  coin  used  in  Trengganu.     It 
O"^^      is  coined  by  individual  officers  who  enjoy  the 
profit    on    the    coinage    as  a  reward    or    in 
payment  of  service. 

<^*^    j angku.     The  chin ;  a  Javanese  variant  of  dagUy 
y^^      continually  occurring  in  the  Sh.  Panj.  Sg, 

^sjc^  jgngkau.  The  act  of  picking  or  plucking 
-^  '  anything  over  one's  head — in  contradistinc- 
tion to  snatching  or  pulling  down ;  rising  or 
raising  the  hand  to  grasp  something  above; 
the  peculiar  action  of  a  leech  (pachat)  when 
it  rises  to  grasp  the  passer-by. 
/,  ulat :  a  descriptive  name  given  to  fingers 
which,  when  outstretched,  rise  slightly  at 
the  tips. 


29 


JANGEUCHI 


[    226    ] 


JANOGI 


jangkuchi. 

Kl. 


A  singing    bird    (unidentified) ; 


•6^ 
^ 

^ 


^^ 


jSngkolet.  Tilted  over  to  one's  side,  as  a 
man^s  head  when  he  falls  asleep  on  a  chair ; 
falling  over  sideways,  as  a  man  who  loses  his 
balance,  or  as  a  boat  thrown  on  her  beam- 
ends  by  a  squalL 

jangkah.  The  act  of  stepping  over  a  small 
obstruction  such  as  a  log  or  ditch ;  motion 
over  anything  that  cannot  be  crossed  in 
one's  stride  or  without  an  effort  (langkah), 
but  not  high  or  broad  enough  to  necessitate 
actual  jumping  (lompat), 

jangkeh.  Jangkeh  mangkeh  :  spread  irregular- 
ly, helter-skelter;  Pel.  Abd.,  32. 

jongkah.  Projecting;  sticking  out  at  the 
point,  of  a  tooth.  Jerongkah  :  irregular  ;  un- 
even ;  jagged,  of  a  mouthful  of  teeth, 

jangki.  L  A  kind  of  basket  or  wicker 
knapsack  used  in  the  jungle  for  carrying 
provisions. 

II.      [Pers.  Jviij]     African,  Ethiopian  ;   more 
commonly  ^'aw^^^'  or  zanggi,  q,  v. 

jangga.  I.  [Skr,  jagat.]  The  world.  Latit 
janggawari  :  the  Great  Ocean  of  the  Ancients. 
.  Cf.  jcigat. 


d^ 


j^ 


c--SA>- 


II. 

jaka. 


Youthful,  unmarried ;   Ht.  Koris.     Also 


jingga.  Dark  yellow ;  yellow  mixed  with  red. 
Kartds  j,:  paper  of  this  colour;  Ht.  Sh. 
kainj,:  cloth  of  this  colour ;  Ht,  Ind.  Nata. 
Warna  j.:  a  deep  yellow;  Sh.  Bid.,  8;  Ht. 
Ind.  Meng.  Dalima  j,:  ruby  red;  Ht.  Ind. 
Nata.  /.  kuning :  a  dark  shade  of  yellow; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

j6nggala.  [Skx.  janggdla,]  Wild;  appertain- 
ing to  the  jungle.  Borak  j,:  a  fabulous 
monster;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Hantu  j. :  (Johor)  a 
wood-demon.     Also  jengela. 

janggut.  Hair  along  the  edge  of  the  lower 
jawbone,  but  not  under  the  chin  and  jaw- 
bone (cf.  batik) f  nor  immediately  under  the 
lower  lip  (cf.  kumis) ;  a  beard,  in  a  limited 
sense.  Sudah  b^rjanggut  tiyada  birjubbah : 
he  has  the  beard  but  not  the  robe  (of  a 
priest) ;  he  is  not  all  that  he  professes  to  be ; 

i.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  56.    Lagi  lebai  lagi  herjanggut  : 
e  is  not  only  a  priest,  he  wears  the  beard  of 
one. 

/.  'ali :  a  grass,  panicum  sarmentosum. 

J,  batik  :  a  full  beard. 

/.   baung :   a  common  sedge,   marisms   tmi- 
bellatus. 

/.  bBramus  :  a  matted  beard. 


/.   di'hunU :    a   beard   worked   into   one   or 
more  points  ;  a  forked  or  pointed  beard. 

/.  duyong  :  an  edible  sea-slug. 

/.  keli  :  a  tree,  gynotroches  axillaris, 

/.  monyet :  a  kind  of  fine  seaweed. 

/.  rimau :    a  small  plant,  polygonum  pedun- 
cular e, 

/.  tali  tudong :    a  long   narrow   beard   run- 
ning along  the  edge  of  the  lower  jaw, 

Ikan  kurau  janggut :  a  fish,  polycnemus  tetra- 
dactylus. 

C^>-   je^gget     To  hop;     Kl. 

SA>-   jengger.     I.     Jav.     The     comb    of    a   cock; 
-^     ^       Muj.,  48. 

II.     (Kedah.)     A  sleeping  platform;  =  gerai, 

S.i>-    jonggar.     Projecting;  usually jo/^g-^^r,  q.  v. 

^^>.   janggus.     (Kedah.)     The  cashew,  anacardium 
^""^^     '       occidentale.     Also  (Singapore)  gajus,  (Malacca) 
jambti  golok,   and   (Acheen)  jambti  bersin  and 
jambu  biji, 

jinggang.     Slender ;    the  equivalent   of  ram- 
ping in  meaning,  but  less  refined  in  use. 

Ki>-    janggaL     Inharmonious  ;   unsuitable  ;  jarring 
^^     '        upon  the  ear  as  a  bad  rhyme  or  false  note ; 
offending  the  sight  as  an  inappropriate  com- 
bination   of    colours ;    Ht.   Sg.   Samb. ;    Sh. 
Nas.,  18;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  i, 

J^>.    jenggal.    /.  jenggol :    uneven  ;    all   ups   and 
*       downs  ;    all   notches — as   a   piece   of  wood  ; 
knotty  ;  gnarled — as  a  tree  trunk. 


Jpsi>-    jgnggol.     See  jenggal 


^j 


jenggela.  [Skr.  janggdld.]  Wild,  savage, 
pertaining  to  the  jungle.  Berkendaraan  j, :  on 
a  wild  steed ;  Ht.  Koris.  Also  jenggala  and 
jengela. 

janggawari.  [Skr.  jagatwari,]  The  Great 
Ocean;  see  jangga. 


janggi,  I.  [Pers.  zangi,]  African ;  Ethio- 
pian ;  negro ;  connected  with  the  East  coast 
of  Africa ;  an  adjective  expressive  of  remote 
or  fabulous  origin. 

Pauh  j.  :  a  tree  believed  to  grow  on  a  sunken 
bank  (tebing  runtoh)  in  the  centre  of  the  ocean 
(pumt  tasek)  and  to  be  guarded  by  dragons, 
possibly  a  tradition  of  the  cocos  maldiva  ;  Ht. 
Raj.  Don.,  31.  Buwah  pauh  j.:  a  fruit,  the 
shell  of  which  is  used  as  a  beggar's  bowl  by 
Hindu  mendicants  and  which,  from  its  shape, 
is  sometimes  quoted  as  a  simile  for  a  young 
girl's  breasts ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Chendana  j, :  red,  as  opposed  to  yellow, 
sandalwood. 


jiNGOL 


[    227    ]  JELADAN 


Penawar  j.  :  a  kind  of  vegetable  with  a  hairy 
shell  used  as  a  medicine.     Also  zanggi, 

II.      [Pers.  and  Hind.]      Warlike ;  warrior- 
like. 

Melihat   angkatan  pelandok  jdnggi, 
Ramai   ta'-hdeh   b^rkata   lagi : 
to  see  the  army  of  the  warrior  mouse-deer, 
in  number  exceeding  all  description;  Sh.  Sg. 
Kanch.,  32. 

^ji>-  jgngol.  The  projection  above  water  of  any- 
thing that  is  usually  hidden  under  the  surface, 
as,  for  instance,  the  sudden  emerging  of  a 
crocodile's  snout. 


i^-. 


jU>- 


jikalau.  If;  a  compound  of  jika^  if,  and  the 
Arabic  lau,  which  also  means  '*  if."  Often 
contracted  to  kalmi. 


jS^  jakSni.    See  J^^  . 

vi>p-  juga.    See  ^j>'  . 

C-Sc>-   jSgat.     (Kedah.)     Terjegat:  bolt  upright,  stifHy 
erect.     Also  (Riau,  Johor)  cMgat. 


jengfila.  [Skr.  janggdld.]  Wild  ;  untamed  ; 
see  jenggala  and  jenggela. 

jap.  United — of  many  items  necessary  to 
make  up  a  whole  ;  come  together ;  collected 
together.  Sudah  jap  :  it  has  come  together  ; 
=  sudah  jadi,  when  applied  to  a  meeting 
where  a  large  attendance  of  people  is  neces- 
sary, 

Sa-jap'jap :   everywhere  ;    in  every  direction 
or  in  every  place. 

jupara.     A  port  of  Java, 

j6pit.  Menjepit:  to  nip,  to  catch  between 
pincers  ;  better  menyepit  from  sepit,  q.  v, 

j6put.  The  grip  between  the  finger  and 
thumb;  better  jemptit,  q.  v. 


4i>.    jdpang.     Sea-weed  jelly  ;  the  jelly  made  from 
^  '       agar -agar  or  jang gut  duyong. 

j%i>-    j6pun.     [Chin,  jit-pun,}     Japan. 

Uui>-    jaksa.     [Skr.  adiaksa.]     A  local  headman  in 

certain  districts  of  South-East  Sumatra  ;  Sh. 
Lamp.,  32  ;  a  minor  dignitary  in  the  train  of 
a  Javanese  prince — in  Panji  romances,  e,  g,, 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  The  form  rijaksa  also  occurs  in 
MSS.,  but  is  obsolete  colloquially, 

vf5s>-    jika.     If;   also  w>^,    and,  in  old  MSS, Jaka, 


ps.-?-  jggong.  I.  The  lockers  in  the  stern  of  a 
boat ;  a  kind  of  sail-room  or  store-room  in  the 
stern  of  a  native  peralin, 

II.  (Johor.)  An  indentation  in  a  range  of 
hills  ;  a  valley  or  gorge, 

J^    j6geL     Projecting ;  prominent,  of  the  ball  of 
the  eye. 

jS^  jaguni.  [Hind,  jogni:]  Spirits  governing 
periods  of  good  and  evil  fortune;  Sh.  Rej., 
4,  5,  etc.     Also  chagtmt,  and  ^       j^  jg  ^^^^^ 

however,  clear  whether  this  word  is  the  Sans- 
krit yogmi,  the  beneficent  Fates,  or  another 
word,  the  name  of  a  great  serpent  mentioned 
in  the  Hikdyat  Seri  Rama,  and  possibly  identi- 
cal  with  the  great  serpent  which  is  believed 
by  Malays  to  affect  their  fortunes. 

^    jel.     Eng,     Gaol;  prison. 

^y^-    jalla.     Arab.     Great ;  illustrious, 

^^    jgla.     I.     A  plant    (unidentified),    T.  S.  A.  S., 
*        III.,  69.  ^ 

11.  Always  going  out;  *' gadding  about"; 
an  expression  used  of  a  woman  of  easy 
morals. 


jSlabat.  Mainjelahat :  a  kind  of  single-stick  ; 
Sh,  Panj.  Sg. 

jelabas.  (  Kedah.  )  Mulut  jelabas  :  foolish 
talkativeness ;  silly  mouth — an  expression 
applied  to  a  chatterer  who  is  always  asking 
silly  questions  and  making  foolish  remarks. 

jfilata.  Menjelata:  to  creep;  better  melaia, 
from  lata,  q.  v. 

j61atang.  The  tree  nettle,  laportica  crenulata; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Muj.,  94, 

/.   ayatn:   a   common  little  nettle  in  waste 
ground,  flcurya  inter rupta, 

J.    badak :     a    stinging     climber,     cnesmom 
java7iica.      Also/,  rusa, 

jfilatek.  The  Java  sparrow;  Sh.  Ungg, 
Bers.,  5.     Also  jelantek,  bilatek  ^nd  gHatek. 

jallM.  Arab.  An  executioner ;  Ht.  Hamz., 
98. 


S)s^   j§lad6ri.     [Skr.  jaladri,]     Sea,  ocean 


0^% 


jSladan.     A  bird  (unidentified). 
JBlatek,    burong  jBladan^ 

Tekukor  tBrbang  tinggi ; 
Sania  chantek,   sama  padan^ 
Mart  di'Ukor,   sama   tinggi: 

the  Java  sparrow,  the  jeladan  bird ;  the 
ringdove  flies  aloft ;  their  beauty  is  equal, 
their  position  is  equal,  and  (come  and  mea- 
sure it)  equal  is  their  height ;  an  appropriate 
union ;  Prov. 


jiLANOAK 


[    228    ] 


jiLUM 


^^y^    jSlangak.     Holding     one's     head     aloft     or 

thrown  back,  as  a  man  watching  a  bird.  Also 
jelongak, 

il"^^    jSlapang.     (  Kedah. )      A  small  padi-sioxe  or 
w      *       granary  raised  on  posts. 

siSy^  jfilaga.  (Kedah.)  Soot ;  smoke-stains ;  fine 
cinders  adhering  to  a  torch.  Also  (Riau, 
Johor)  chelaga. 

Tingah  telaga,  keliling  pagar, 
Dalam  kolam  pohun   bunga ; 

Sehaya  empama  jUaga  damar, 

Hendak   di-tuwam   beharu   berguna : 

I  am  like  the  cinders  of  a  resinous  torch, 
only  useful  when  people  are  ill  (literally  :  for 
fomentation) ;  see  tuwam. 

ij^i^-    jalal.     Arab.      Greatness;  majesty. 

^y^^  jalalah.  Arab.  La/orf/ jaW/^A ;  the  recitation 
of  the  titles  or  attributes  of  the  Almighty; 
Sh.  I.  M.  P.;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

li"*^)^  jfilanak.  Advancing  under  cover ;  wriggling 
through  long  grass,  as  a  hunter  who  wishes  to 
approach  his  prey  unobserved ;  surreptitious 
progress,  as  that  of  a  swimmer  who  ducks  or 
dives  when  he  thinks  he  is  otherwise  likely  to 
be  observed. 

cuJ>-    j616but.     I.     A  fez-rest. 

II.     Eng.     A  jolly-boat ;  better  j alt- but. 

\^    jSlebu,     I.     (Onom.)     The  sound  of  a  heavy 
-^^"^      body  falhng  into  the  sea;  Sh.  Pr.  Turk.,  9. 

II.     The   name   of   a    State    in    the   Negeri 
Sambilan, 

j^  jilid.  Arab.  A  volume ;  a  bound  portion  of 
a  book ;  book-binding.  Tukang  j.  t  a  book- 
binder. Berjilid:  bound;  in  volumes  by 
themselves;  Ht.  Abd.,  12,  283. 

J^    j61ar.     Stretched  out  at  full  length  ;  extended, 
-^^      of  a  long  bodied  animal,  such  as  a  snake ;    cf. 
jalar. 

JO-    j61ir.     MenjBlir:  to  project  (the  tongue) ;    Ht. 
*        Sh.  Kub.     Cf.  julor 'dud  jalar. 

(5,^UW    j61aradi.     Lapis  lazuli;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.;  better 
-     ^  '       lazuwardi  or  lajuwardi, 

(jJb*  j^las.  Clearing  up ;  elucidation ;  settlement 
(especially  the  settlement  of  accounts) ;  clear ; 
plain ;  obvious.  Jelas  iidak  buleh  di-sembtmyi  : 
the  obvious  cannot  be  concealed ;  Prov. 
Dalam  sa-hari  buleh  jilas  ini  pekerjaan:  in  a 
day  this  business  can  be  settled  ;  Pel.  Abd., 
83.  Memandang  jelas:  to  see  plainly;  Sh. 
Sg.  Kanch.,  36. 


^ 


Ber jelas :  to  clear  up ;  to  settle  or  wind  up ; 
to  elucidate  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  243.  JUashan :  id. ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  282. 

jSling.  A  long  languishing  look ;  a  sideglance 
over  the  shoulder ;  the  language  of  the  eyes. 
Di-jeling-nya  dengan  ekor  mata  Sang  Samba  : 
she  gave  Sang  Samba  a  look  out  of  the  corner 
of  her  eye  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

MinjHing  :  to  cast  a  side  glance  at  any  one ; 
to  give  any  one  a  significant  look.  Apa-kah 
herti  engkau  ntenj cling  aku :  what  is  the 
meaning  of  the  glance  which  you  have  given 
me?  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 


^^^J^sM^  jfilungkap.  Menjelungkap :  to  spring  up,  of 
anything  let  loose  suddenly  after  being 
fastened  down. 

ijU>.    jSldpang.     Slashing   across   the   face   with  a 
CT  *       sword ;  cross  cuts. 


3^ 


3^ 


^ 


^ 
^ 


h 


j§16pak.     I.     (Onom.)     The   sound  of  a  flat 

object  such  as  a  book  falling  on  its  flat  sur- 
face. Jelepok'jelepak :  falling  backwards  in  a 
sitting  posture  ;  Arabian  Nights,  103. 

II.  Puteh  menjelepak :  (Riau)  snow-white. 
Also  ptiteh  melepak, 

j§16pok.     (Onom.)      A   dull   deadened   sound 

such  as  that  of  the  fall  of  a  heavy  body  on  a 
soft  surface  ;  v.  jelepak, 

j61ak.     Satiety;    having  had  too  much  of  a 

good  thing  ;  glutted  ;  tired  of  food  or  flattery. 
Jemii-jelak:  id.  Jemu-jelak  mendengarkan 
pujok  chumbuwan  raja-raja  sakaliyan  itu  : 
weary  of  listening  to  the  flattery  and  soft 
speeches  of  all  those  princes;  Ht.  Koris. 
Laksana  makanan  sudah  terjelak :  like  food 
when  satiety  has  been  reached;  Sh.  Put.  Ak., 
37. 

jSIek.  (Batav.)  Fair;  soft;  pleasant;  agree- 
able;   Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

jSlok.     Deep,  of  anything  of  the  shape  of  a 

bowl.  Mangkok  j. :  (Riau,  Johor)  a  deep  cup, 
such  as  a  coffee  cup — as  opposed  to  a  cup 
with  a  broad  surface  and  little  depth,  such  as 
is  often  used  for  tea ;  also  (Kedah)  mangkok 
jerelok. 

II.  Menjelok:  (Riau)  to  surprise  in  war- 
fare ;  to  spy  out  one's  opportunity  for  a 
sudden  and  unexpected  attack. 

jSlum.  The  act  of  wetting,  washing  or 
moistening,  by  dropping  or  pouring  water 
upon  anything,  as  opposed  to  wetting  by 
immersion  in  water ;  washing  the  arms  or 
body  (but  not  the  head),  as  distinct  from 
bathing. 


j£lI:ma 


[  229  ] 


jfiLINAP 


vi^  j616ma.  (Skr.  janma.)  Incarnation  ;  the  as- 
sumption of  human  form ;  a  man.  Menjelema  : 
to  be  incarnated,  of  a  divinity  assuming  human 
form,  as  when  Vishnu  in  the  Hikdyat  Sang 
Samba  becomes  incarnate  in  Krishna ;  to 
be  born  again,  according  to  the  doctrine  of 
metempsychosis,  as  when  Darmadewi  becomes 
re-incarnated  in  Yajnawati,  (Ht.  Sg.  Samb.) ; 
(less  correctly)  to  be  transformed  into  a  man, 
as  when  Chandra  Kirana  under  the  curse  of 
Kala  is  turned  into  a  male  warrior  for  seven 
years  and  wanders  over  the  earth  as  Panji 
Samerang. 

Dewa  sakti   bulan  pernama, 

Berperang  dengan  mambang  di-awan ; 

Jikalau   matt   halek   menjelema, 
Tuwan-ku  jtiga  patek  pertnwan : 

were  I  to  die  and  be  re-incarnated,  I  would  | 
again  take  thee  for  my  Lord  ;  Ht,  Koris. 

Laksamana    bertanam  selaseh, 

Buwah   berdnri  jatoh   ka-hiima ; 
Bagai-mana   tidak-kan   kaseh, 

Sama  sa-bangsa,   sama   menjelema  : 
how  could  they  do  aught  but  love  each  other,   : 
they  come  of  the  same  race  and  were  re-incar-  ^ 
nated  together ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  1 

Penjelemaan :    an  incarnation  or  re-incarna-   i 
tion  ;  the  form  assumed^by  anyone  after  death   i 
or    transformation.       Entah-pnn   penjelemaan 
dewa-dewa  gerangan  :  can  this  then  be  the  form 
of  some  divinity  incarnate?     Ht.   Gul.  Bak., 
68. 

<ZM^    jSlimpat.      A   digression   or   break   on   one's  j 
journey.     Menjelimpat :  to  break  one's  journey,   i 

AjLp*    jelSmpah.       Menjelempah:     to    rot   in    large   I 
quantity — of  fruit  on  a  tree.  ; 

f^j^    jfilan.     (Kedah.)     Terjelan :   darting  out,  slip-   | 
ping  out,  of  the  tongue  ;  =  jelir. 


jSluntong.  I.  A  large  tree;  better  jelutong, 
q.  V. 

n.     A  black  monkey;     usually   loiong   and 
jekitong,  q.  v. 

ni.     A  skin  eruption;    measles  or  chicken- 
pox.     Also  chachar  jeluntong, 

jSlantek.  The  Java  sparrow;  more  usually 
jelatek, 

jdlantah.  Unequally  and  insufficiently  cook- 
ed, as  food  which  is  underdone  on  one  side. 
Cf.  mentah. 


f^ 


Jb>-    jSlau.     Looking  at  anything.  Jengok  jelau  :  id. 

1^  Jl>-    jSluwat.      A  significant  look  out  of  the  corner 
-^^      of  the  eye   (jUing)  if  accompanied  by  other 
signs  or  motions  ;  an  intensive  of  jeling. 


jrr. 


<^o- 


>-Jl>' 


jSlutong.  L  A  big  tree  which  yields  an 
inferior  india  rubber,  dyera  maingayi  and  dyera 
costulata, 

J,  badak  :  taberncemontana  corymbosa, 
/.  laiit :  (Sing.)  a  small  milky  plant  growing 
on  the  sea-shore,  euphorbia  atoio. 
J,  pipit :  dyera  costtdata. 

n.  A  black  species  of  monkey;  more  com- 
monly known  as  lotong. 

Menjeliitong:  (Penang)  to  ''monkey  around," 
a  slang  expression  describing  a  man  ''  on  the 
loose." 

3§lujor.  Loose  sewing ;  temporary  stitching ; 
tacking ;  as  when  a  coat  is  stitched  up  to  try 
the  fit  before  being  finally  sewn  up. 

j^lojoh.     Gluttonous.     Also  gelojoh, 

jelurai.     The  name  of  a  cake.     Also  jala  urai, 

jSluwang.  Thin  Chinese  paper ;  kite  paper  ; 
tissue  paper. 

j^longak.  Holding  one's  head  aloft;  also 
jelangak,  q,  v. 

jeluwak.  The  sound  made  by  a  person  pre- 
paratory to  expectorating. 

j61ah.  Clear;  unobstructed — of  the  view; 
distinct,  of  colouring. 

jelai.     L     A  kind  of  millet,  aphania  paucijiiga. 
Also  henjelai,  enjelai,  menjelai  and  kedelai, 

H.  Ikan  jelai :  a  fish  (unidentified) ;  Sh.  Ik. 
Trub.,  14. 

jail.  Arab.  Clear ;  conspicuous  :  =  7iyata, 
Terjali :  recognized ;  accepted ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben., 
78.  This  form  is,  however,  really  a  variant  of 
the  Arabic  tajalli,  a  derivative  of  jali. 

julita.  Neat;  pretty;  graceful;  slender; 
usually  in  the  compound  form  jidai-julita, 

jSlingar.  Menjelingar  :  not  to  take  seriously 
to  heart ;  to  half  remember,  half  forget. 

jelepok.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  a  fall  of  a 
soft  flat  article  upon  a  soft  surface ;  flopping, 

jaliL  Arab.  Illustrious;  noble;  great;  dis- 
tinguished. 

jSlinap.  1.  Menjelinap :  to  shoot  ahead — 
as  a  horse  or  boat  in  a  race ;  to  overshoot  the 
mark — as  a  needle  which  makes  too  long  a 
stitch. 

II.  Prying  about  another  person's  property, 
of  an  inquisitive  visitor. 


JAM 


[    230    ] 


JAMBUWA 


r 


jam.  Pers.  A  clock;  an  hour.  Sa4engah 
jam:  half-an-hour ;  Ht,  Abd.,  202*  Sa-jam 
dtiwa :  an  hour  or  two ;  Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  15. 

juni.  An  exclamation  meaning  ''come";  ''let 
us  be  moving  "  ;  **  let  us  be  off." 

jamada.  Jmndda  H-awwal :  the  fifth  month 
of  the  Muhammadan  lunar  year ;  Ht.  Abd., 
422,  474. 

Jamada   H-akhir :    the   sixth    month    of   the 
Muhammadan  year ;  Ht.  Abd.,  454. 


jima*.     Arab.      Coition ;     sexual    intercourse ; 
Muj.,  27,  33;  Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  83. 


6^ 

jjw^    jamal.     Arab.     Beauty ;  elegance. 


jSmala.  The  crown  of  the  head ;  the  highest 
part  of  the  cranium.  Batu  j. :  id. ;  —  batti 
kepala.  Ka-atas  j,  patek :  upon  the  crown  of 
your  servant's  head,  i.  e,,  upon  me,  to  me — 
expressed  humbly;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  221.  Seri 
j. :  a  term  of  endearment ;  one's  glory ;  the 
light  of  one's  head  or  of  oneself;  Sh.  LaiH 
Mejn.,  24. 

jSmalang.     An  evil  spirit ;  v.  jembalang. 

jamali.  Arab.  Beautiful;  Sh.  Bid.  (Leyd.), 
293- 

jSmawa.  Conceit ;  pride  based  upon  insuffi- 
cient grounds ;  boasting,  the  hollowness  of 
which  is  shown  up.     Also  jembaw a. 


j6mba. 

visits. 


1.     Menjemba :  (Johor)  to  pay  habitual 


^\^ 


11.     A  measure  of  length  ;  the  equivalent  of 
twelve  feet;  a  ''jumba''  in  old  land  titles. 

HI.     A  covering  of  dry  leaves  to  protect  a 
young  plant ;  Kl. 

jSmbalang.  (Riau,  Johor.)  An  evil  spirit 
attached  to  the  soil ;  an  imp  of  the  soil ;  a 
spirit  of  disease  haunting  a  particular  spot ; 
Sh.  Sh.  AL,  16  ;  Sh.  Peng.,  9  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
113;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  3.  Also  (Kedah)  jema- 
lang, 

jambat.  A  variant  of  jabat,  q.  v.  Jambatan  : 
a  gangway  ;  a  bridge ;  a  balustraded  passage  ; 
Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  126;  Ht.  Abd.,  57,368;  Ht. 
Raj.  Don.,  67. 

jembet  or  jimbit.  The  act  of  lifting  any- 
thing with  the  fingers  but  not  lifting  it  entirely 
off  the  floor.  Cf.jenjeng;  raising,  as  opposed 
to  sustaining  in  the  hand. 


ji,^  jambar.  I.  Sa-jambar:  a  plateful,  a  dishful; 
=  sa-didang,  but  used  only  when  speaking  of 
nasi  ktmyet. 

n.  A  rough  temporary  hut  made  by  travel- 
lers through  the  jungle;  Ht.  Sri  Rama 
(Maxw.),  27, 


jambang.  I.  A  flower-pot  or  flower-stand; 
a  moveable  flower-bed ;  a  receptacle  for  grow- 
ing plants.  Bunga  di-dalatn-nya  jambang :  a 
flower  in  its  flower-pot;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  12. 
Jambangan  :  id.,  but  the  more  usual  form ;  Ht. 
GuL  Bak.,  ^y,  40,  49 ;  etc. 

n.     Whiskers;  usually  chambangy  q.  v. 


,3t^    jambak.     A   (double)    handful;   the  contents 
of  the  two  hands  held  together. 


j^  jembak 

down 


Terjembak'jembak  :  flapping  up  and 

on  the   shoulders — as   a  child's   locks 
when  the  child  is  running. 


> 


jambuL  A  tuft  of  hair  or  feathers  rising  from 
the  crown  of  the  head  as  the  tuft  of  a  cocka- 
too or  the  queue  of  a  Chinaman,  provided 
that  tuft  is  smoothed,  plaited  or  regular ;  Sh. 
Ch.  Ber.,  5;  Ht.  Sh.  Merebah j,:  the  name 
of  a  bird  with  a  tuft  or  crest. 

Jambul  is  also  used  of  the  tassel  of  a  fez. 

/.  merak  :  a  plant,  selaginella  atroviridis. 

\-^    jumbiL     The  dew-lap  ;  also  gelambir. 

^yj^    jamban.     A  privy;   Ht.  Abd.,  104;  Sh.  Pant. 
ShL,  3. 


J^ 


jambu.  Skr.  A  generic  name  for  a  number 
of  fruits  of  the  rose-apple  class;  Ht.  Ism. 
Yat.,  no;  Sej.  MaL,  69;  Muj.,  53,  64. 

/.  ayer :  eugenta  aquea  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

/.  ayer  chili  ptiieh  :  eugenia  caryophyllea, 

/.  ayer  hutan :  etigenia  macrocarpa  and  eugenia 
densiflora. 

/.  ayer  lattt :  eugenia  grandis. 

/.    bailing:    a   shrub   with    fruits   somewhat 
small    rose-apple,     memecylmt 


a  wild  tree  gardenia,  gardenia 


resembling     a 
heteropleurum. 

J,  batu  hutan  : 
Uibifera. 

/.  biji :  the  guava,  psidium  guava ;  (Acheen) 
the  cashew. 

/.  bol :  eugenia  malaccemis, 

/.  bukit :  eugenia  macrocarpa. 

J,  dulek  :  messua  lepidota. 

J.  golok  :  =  y.  monyet. 

/.  kelawar :  eloeocarpus  parvifolius,  Akar  7. 
kelawar :  a  climber,  iizyphus  calophyllus. 

/.  mawar :  eugenia  jambos, 

J.  monyet:  the  cashew,  anacardium  occidentale. 
Also  gajus  3.ndjanggus, 

J.  pinawar :  =  /.  ayer. 

J.  susu :  =  y.  boL 

/.  terong :  =  j,  monyet, 

JambU'jambu :  the  crest  of  a  helmet ;  the 
ornamental  end  of  a  standard ;  Ht.  Koris ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 


jjf^   jambuwa.     The  shaddock ;  KL 


JUMBAI 


[    231    ] 


^ 


jumbai.     Pendent,    dangling.     Cf.    umbai   or 
nimbai. 


4^^  jambiyah.     Pers, 
dagger;  Ht.  Best. 


A     broad-bladed     curved 


X?r    jSmgti.     (Province  Wellesley.)    A  whip;  better 
^  chemeti,  q.  v.     From  the  Tamil. 


f^ 


jamjam.     Water ;  =  ayer,   but   in   highly  re- 
fined language. 

/.  durja  :  the  complexion  or  expression  of 
countenance;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  79,  107;  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub. ;  Sh.  Bid.,  21  ;  =  ayer  innka. 

/.  mas :  gold  paint ;  gilding  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ; 
=  aycr  mas, 

J.  mawar  kesturi :  rose  water  and  musk ;  vSh. 
Bur.  Pung.,  9 ;  =  ayer  mawar  kesturi. 


^^^^    jumjumah.     Arab.     Skull;  cranium. 

>.    j6mor.     Drying  by  exposure  to  the  sun's  rays. 
-^*        Orang   orang  Melaka  pun   kekermgan    saperti  \ 
ikan  yang  kena  jemor  :  the  people  of  Malacca 
became  as  dried  up  (poor)  as  fish  parched  by 
the  sun;  Ht.  Abd.,  216. 

Jemorkan:  to  have  a  thing  dried;    Ht.  Abd., 
20. 

Menjemor :  to  put  out  anything  (e.  g.,  nets  or  ; 
clothes)  to  dry  ;  Ht.  Koris.  '  1 

:>jx^    jgmSrud.      [Arab,  ^amrrf^.]      Emerald;  better  I 

zamrud,  q.  v.  | 

ii^    J6m6r61ang.     (Kedah.)      Glittering,    radiant,   | 
^    "        sparkling ;  (Riau,  Johor)  chemerelang,  I 

k%^    juma'at.      Arab.      Assembly.     Hari  juina'at :  \ 
the   day   of  assembly;    Friday.     Sa-juma'at :  \ 
aw^eek;   Ht.  Abd.,   261.     Masjid  yang  berju- 
ma'at :   a  mosque  at  which   a  general  Friday 
service  is  held ;  a  public  mosque — as  opposed 
to  a  private  chapel ;  Pel.  Abd.,  138.  | 

Juma'at :   is  also  used    of  meeting  in  sexual  I 
intercourse;  Bost.  Sal.;  Ht.  Zaly.,  6;=ijimd'    ' 


jumpa.  Encountering;  coming  across;  meet- 
ing. Berjimipa:  to  meet;  Ht.  Abd.,  82,  92, 
178.  Cf.  temu  which  refers  to  exact  co- 
incidence, while  jumpa  only  refers  to  meeting 
by  approximation. 


jUiT  jempana.  [Skr.  ?]  A  kind  of  state  carriage 
or  litter  for  ladies  of  the  court ;  Cr.  Or.,  31  ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.; 
Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  79,  117. 

^j^^J^  jSmput.  The  grip  between  finger  and  thumb  ; 
the  act  of  so  gripping ;  the  amount  so  gripped  ; 
a  polite  invitation.  Sa-jemput :  as  much  as  a 
man  can  grip  between  his  thumb  and  index 
finger,  used  as  a  measure  of  quantity. 
Jempnf'jemput :  a  kind  of  cake. 


jfeMUDI 


Jemputkan :  to  invite,  to  receive  by  invita- 
tion; Ht.  Abd.,  32,  33,  351.  Menjemput:  id.; 
Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  108;  Ht.  Abd.,  218,  219,  420. 
Menjemp2iti:  id.;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

jampang.  Easy,  light,  of  little  account; 
cf.  gampang, 

jtunpong.  Ikan  jumpong:  a  fish  (unidenti- 
fied). 

jampok.  I.  A  small  owl.  Bagai  jampok 
kesiyangan  hari :  like  an  owl  in  the  daytime 
(of  the  mute  and  foolish  behaviour  of  a  scolded 
boy);  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  24. 

II.  Interruption ;  replying  to  a  question 
addressed  to  some  one  else;  joining  in  a 
conversation  without  being  addressed.  Di- 
jampokkan-nya  kata-nya :  betook  up  the  con- 
versation ;  Ht.  Koris.     Also  sampoL 


jampal.  A  weight  of  gold  or  other  metal;  a 
coin  of  varying  value  (at  Riau  =  30  c);  Sh. 
Ch.  Ber.,  4. 


\iJ^r    jSmpol.     I.     A  fruit  ( unidentified) 


II.  Jav.     The   cushion   of  the  thumb;   cf, 
jemput. 

III.  A  State  in  the  Negri  vSembilan. 

jumpul.  A  fish  (unidentified);  Ht.  Abd., 
58;  Pel.  Abd.,  90. 

jumpu.     Jumpu-jumpu  :  a  native  rudder. 

jampi.  Skr.  A  magical  formula;  Muj.,  53; 
Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  Best.;  an  incantation;  that 
portion  of  the  Black  Art  which  turns  on  words 
rather  than  actions.  Minjampi :  to  charm  by 
incantations;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  30. 


\^    J6m6ki.     [  Hind,  chamki,]     A  spangle. 


jSmekiyan.  A  shrub  the  fruit  of  which  is 
used  as  an  aperient.  Also  cMntekiyan  and 
chemengkiyan. 

jumlah.  Arab.  The  sum  total  of  a  column 
of  figures;  Ht.  Abd.,  19,  265. 

jumantara.     Jav.     The  firmament. 

jumanten.     Jav.     Diamond. 

jemu.  Weariness ;  satiety ;  nauseated  with 
anything.  Jimu-jelak :  utterly  nauseated ; 
sick  of  anything.  Jemu  daripada  hidop  :  tired 
of  life;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  31. 

jgmuju.     Caraway-seed;  Muj.,  47,  59,  65. 

jfimudi.  (Penang.)  A  steersman ;  the  man 
at  the  rudder ;  (Riau,  Johor)  juru  mudi. 


J&MUWAS 


[      232       1 


J&NT&RA 


^J^y(T   jSmtlwas.     Smeared ; 
daubs  of  dirt. 


dirtied  ;    defiled  with 


jSmuwan,  Shameless  and  open  villainy,  a 
term  of  reproach  addressed  to  a  very  naughty 
boy,  or  of  abuse  when  speaking  of  men  who 
rob  in  broad  daylight. 

jSmah.  Proximate;  very  near  this  time. 
Pagi  j, :  this  very  morning.  Besok  j. :  the 
morrow  of  this  very  day,  Kelak  j.  :  almost 
at  once;  only  just  now  ;   Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  423. 

jumhur.  Arab.  The  righteous ;  the  learned 
in  God's  way ;  Sh.  Ul.,  13. 

Jamil.  Arab.  Beautiful ;  elegant ;  handsome  ; 
splendid. 

jin.  I.  [Arab,  jinn,]  A  spirit ;  a  wonder- 
working genius ;  (usually,  but  not  necessarily) 
an  evil  spirit.  Inggeris  ini  betnl  jin  :  these 
English  are  really  genii — i.  e.,  wonder-work- 
ing spirits ;  Ht.  Abd,,  108.  Menaroh  jin  : 
to  keep  a  spirit  in  one's  service ;  to  have  a 
'genius'  as  a  slave;  Ht.  Abd.,  72. 

Jin  Berahil :  a  spirit  invoked  by  the  Malays 
and  worshipped  by  the  Mantras. 

Jin  islam  :  a  spirit  of  evil  proclivities,  but 
outwardly  conforming  to  the  Muhammadan 
religion. 

Jin  kdfir :  an  evil  spirit  that  refuses  to 
acknowledge  God  in  any  way, 

Jin  lintasan :  a  restless  ever- wandering 
spirit  that  haunts  groves  in  the  evening  ;  the 
feminine  of  mambang  kiming.  It  is  supposed 
to  roughly  resemble  the  human  form  but  to 
dart  about  like  a  will-o'-the-wisp.  It  can 
be  made  a  familiar  spirit. 

Jin  nafiri ;  or  sangyang  nafm :  the  head  of 
all  evil  spirits — according  to  some  magic 
incantations ;  the  chief  Afrit  ? 

/.  panah  ranjuna  :  a  meteoric  flaming 
apparition  which  is  believed  to  rise  high  in 
the  air  like  a  rocket  and  then  swoop  un- 
erringly on  its  victim. 

/.  peminggang  gunong :  an  invisible  barking 
spirit. 

See  also  Unggelong  or  penanggalan  (s.  v. 
tanggal),  hantu,  bajang,  polong,  pelisit,  pontiya- 
nak,  langsuwii%  and  mambang. 

II.  Eng.     Gin ;  Ht.  Abd.,  284. 

III.  [Hind,  zin.}  A  saddle  ;  cf.  ula  and 
pelana, 

jun.  Jav.  A  large  round  earthenware  vessel 
with  a  narrow  neck. 


janab.     Arab. 
Excellency, 


A     title     of    honour ;    Your 


jandibat.  Arab.  Pollution — especially  by 
loss  of  semen.  Mandi  junub  jandbat :  to  wash 
oneself  free  of  pollution ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht. 
Abus.,  16.     Also  junub  istinja  ;  Sh.  Ul.,  25. 


OjW 


j3nazah.  [AYoh.jindzat,]  A  royal  litter,  bier, 
or  hearse — with  the  coffin  on  it ;  a  respectful 
expression  used  in  lieu  of  mentioning  the 
dead  body  of  a  prince.  Orang  yang  meng- 
angkat  jenazah  :  hearse  bearers  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  423. 
Mengambil  jenazah  Yamtuwan  Mndak  dibawa 
uleh  marika-itu  ka-Riyau  :  to  disinter  the  body 
of  the  prince  with  a  view  to  conveying  it  to 
Riau;  Ht.  Abd.,  425  ;  cf.  also  Sh.  May.,  5. 


ap\j:»>-    jSnangau.     A  kind  of  fly  ;  see  laitgau. 


vi^ 


jSnaka.      [Hind,  vv;^  :  a  pun,  a  double-enten- 

dre.]  A  farce;  a  practical  joke;  a  jest;  a  pun ; 
shrewd  ;  witty ;  much-contriving  ;  sportive  ; 
frolicsome;  a  practical  joker.  Bergurau 
berjenaka  :  with  quips  and  cranks  ;  with  jest 
and  playful  teasing;  Sh.  Bid.,  no.  Pelandok 
jenaka :  the  much-contriving  mouse-deer ; 
Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  2.  Lakn  burong  bayan  itu 
pandai  berjenaka  dan  bersha^tr :  the  ways  of  that 
bayan^  skilful  in  double  sayings  and  epigrams ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Jenaka  is  also  often  used  in  the  sense  "  wily/' 
'*  full  of  stratagems,"  as  when  applied  to 
*Umar,  the  Ulysses  of  the  Hikdyat  Hamza; 
Ht,  Hamz.,  9,  18. 

/%U>.    jinan.     Arab.     Paradise. 

(3rAU>-    jenawi.     A  long  sword  or  rapier. 

Pedangj,:  id;  Ht,  Koris;  Ht.  Ind,  Meng. ; 
Ht.  Raj,  Don.,  12. 


,.....,,jj>.  junub.  Arab.  Pollution,  in  the  expressions  : 
mandi  junub-jandbat,  or  mandi  jtmub -istinja  :  to 
cleanse  oneself  from  pollution,  especially  after 
loss  of  semen. 

y^Xx^    jSntaka.     I.     [Skr.  jataka.]     Misfortune;    ill 
luck. 

II.     A  small  lela  or  swivel  gun  ;  see  rentaka. 


jlM 


\s^^ 


jSntayu.  [Skr.  jatayu.]  A  fabulous  bird 
believed  to  be  endowed  with  the  power  of 
calling  for  rain  and  dew.  Laksana  jentayu 
menantikan  hujan :  like  the  jentayu  awaiting 
rain ;  a  proverbial  simile  for  eager  longing ; 
Ht.  Gul,  Bak,,  80. 

In  the  Hikdyat  Sang  Samba  the  jentayu 
appears  as  the  steed  of  Yama,  the  God  of 
Death. 


jSntat.     Menjentat :   to  leap,  of  a  flea   or  of 
any  other  insect  with  great  jumping  powers. 


J^    jantur.     Jav.     Sorcery. 

\;^A>'    jfintSra.     [Skr.  chatra,]     A  wheel ;  a  spinning- 
wheel  ;  a  circular  wheeling  motion. 


JANTONG 


[    233    ] 


JENJENG 


BBrjentera  :  wheeled  ;  circling ;  wavy  motion 
— as  that  of  the  rays  of  the  moon  reflected 
on  the  sea,  or  as  the  glitter  of  a  diamond. 
Perarakan  berjentera  :  a  wheeled  carriage ;  Sh. 
Pet.  Ak.,  13 ;  a  processional  car  with  a 
revolving  lantern  top  such  as  is  sometimes 
seen  in  processions  in  the  Straits  Settlements. 
Pesawat  befjentera :  engines ;  machinery. 
Tanglong  berjBntera  :  a  revolving  lantern.  Sti- 
bang  berjentera  :  revolving  ear-pendants. 

5ti;>>-    jantong.     The  heart,  core  or  inmost  portion 
^  of  anything.     Buwah  jantong :  the  heart  of  an 

animal;   Muj.,  69.    /.  rebong :  the  soft  core 

of  a  bamboo  shoot. 

/.  betis  :  the  calf. 

/.  hati :  the  heart ;  the  seat  of  love  ;  a  term 
of  endearment. 

/.  kalbu:  the  heart;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  126. 

/.  Umpedn  :  the  spleen. 

/.  paha :  the  fleshy  portion  of  the  thigh. 

/.  tangan :  the  fleshy  portion  of  the  forearm ; 
the  triceps. 

Jantongan  :  the  heart  or  core  generally  ;  Sh. 
Kumb.  Chumb.,  14. 


,3*^    jdntek.     A  jerk  with  the  finger  and  thumb  by 

way  of  propulsion  (as  when  a  boy  shoots  a 
marble  at  another),  and  in  contradistinction 
to  a  mere  snap  of  the  fingers  for  the  sake  of 
the  noise  {petek,  q.  v.)  or  to  the  spinning  of 
a  coin  {peting^  q.  v.)  or  to  propulsion  by 
placing  the  index  finger  behind  the  middle 
finger  and  then  jerking  it  forward  {bidas,  q.  v.). 

Jentek  is  also  used  of  a  jerky  action  or 
method  of  propulsion.  Kasana-sini  ter jentek- 
jentek :  wriggling  about  here  and  there ;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg.  Ulat  ptm  jentek-menjentek :  the 
worms,  too,  were  throwing  themselves  about ; 
Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  52. 

i^y^  jintek.  Jintek-jintek  :  (Riau,  Johor)  the  larvae 
of  the  mosquito ;  (Kedah)  jejintek, 

Cy^  jantan.  Male,  of  men  and  animals;  mascu- 
line. Berkilat  ikan  di-dalam  ayer  aku  tahu  jan- 
tan bUina-nya :  let  a  fish  but  flash  its  scales  in 
the  water  and  I  can  say  whether  it  is  a  male 
or  a  female  ;  I  know  you  so  well  that  the  least 
act  on  your  part  reveals  your  intentions ; 
Prov.,  Ht.  Koris,  and  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  93. 

Anak  j. :  a  man,  a  man  of  masculine  virtues. 

Busut  j, :  an  ant  hill  coming  more  or  less  to 
a  point ;  Ht.  Abd.,  385. 

^mbrni  j. :  dew  in  big  heavy  drops ;  a  heavy 
early  fall  of  dew. 

Ketam  j, :  a  plane. 

Melor  j, :  a  jasmine  bud  when  closed  and 
coming  to  a  point,  a  simile  for  a  lovely  nose ; 
Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 

Pahatj, :  a  narrow  deep  chisel. 

Pasir  garamj, :  coarse  sand,  gravel. 


BBrjantan  :  to  have  sexual  intercourse  ;  Ht. 
Sri  Rama.  Main  bUrjantan :  (Patani)  to  com- 
mit an  unnatural  offence  ;  =  membtirit. 


0<'>'    jintan.     Caraway-seed,  carum  cam, 

/.  hitam  :    black  cumin  ;    the  seeds  of  nigella 
sativa;  Muj.,  47  ;  Kam.  Kech.,  9. 

/.  manis  :  anise  seed,  pimpinella  anisimi, 
J,  puteh :  cumin  seed,  cuminum  cyminum, 
J.  ayer:  a  tree  (unidentified) ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 


jinteh.  /.  merah  :  trees  with  edible  fruits  and 
green  or  white  flowers,  baccaurea  wallichii  and 
6.  griffithii, 

/.  pnteh  :  a  plant,  nrophyllum,  sp. 

Akarj.:    a  climbing  plant,    melodorum  piso- 
carpum. 


x;l>-  juntai.  Loose  waving  suspension ;  hanging 
-  *  down  loosely;  dangling  of  the  feet,  or  of 
tresses  of  hair,  (  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  138 )  or  of  the 
beard  (Sh.  IbL,  i).  Dndok  berjimtai:  to  sit 
with  one's  feet  dangling  in  the  air ;  Sh.  Bid., 
4.  Dudok  berjimtai  kaki :  id. ;  Ht.  Koris. 
Terjuntai  :  let  down  loosely,  allowed  to  hang 
loose. 

Datm  k^ra  berjimtai :   a  name  given  to  dried 
pisang  leaves. 


j^ 


j^ 


^ 


jSnjala.     [Skr,  chanchala,]     Loose-tongued. 

jenjet  or  jinjit.  Pulling  out,  drawing  out — 
when  the  material  so  pulled  gives  way  for  a 
time  owing  to  looseness  or  elasticity  but  does 
not  sever  itself  from  the  rest,  as  when  one  pulls 
up  the  skin  with  a  pinch  or  as  when  the  ears 
are  pulled.     Cf.  jonjot. 


jonjot  or  junjut.  Picking  out,  as  a  man 
picks  out  lint  or  cotton  wool  or  oakum  or  any 
material  of  a  similar  character.  Sa-jonjot :  as 
much  cotton  or  lint  or  oakum  as  can  be  pulled 
out  at  one  time ;  a  pinch  of  anything.  Cf. 
jenjet  and  jujut. 


janjar.  A  row  or  line  of  people  so  arranged 
because  of  equality  of  rank;  cf.  banjar  and 
baris. 


jenjeng  or  jipjing.  The  carrying  or  lifting  of 
a  burden  of  little  weight,  such  as  can  be  easily 
supported  by  the  hand  or  fingers  alone.  Rtn- 
gan  sama  mhijenjeng,  berat  sama  niBmikul :  light 
things  should  be  carried  together,  heavy 
weights  be  supported  together;  share  and 
share  ahke,  for  better  or  for  worse ;    Prov., 

J.  s.  A,  s.,  n.,  137, 

In  Kedah,  jinjing  is  applied  to  carrying  any- 
thing hung  over  the  forearm  as  a  man  carries 
a  waterproof. 


30 


JINJANa 


[   234   ] 


jfiNDALA 


5?^ 


^ 
^ 


jilljang.  I.  Narrow  and  tapering  but  not  too 
long ;  graceful — of  the  neck.  Leher-nya  jin- 
jang  :  his  (or  her)  neck  was  narrow  and  taper- 
ing— a  mark  of  beauty ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  86;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. ;  Sh. 
Bur.  Pung,,  8;  Sh.  Bid.,  21.  By  extension, 
the  word  is  used  with  the  meaning  **  neck  *' 
itself;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

II.  Walking  or  dancing  on  tip-toe.  Ada 
yang  bermain  jinjang,  ada  yang  bermain  joget : 
some  danced  the  jinjang,  some  th^  joget ;  Ht. 
Sh.  Mard. 

III.  A  spirit's  residence  with  or  attachment 
to  a  man.  Jinjangan  raja :  the  Raja's  spirit- 
doctor  or  medicine  man ;  a  man  who  keeps 
familiar  spirits  and  uses  them  in  the  Sultan's 
interest.  Hantu  ta'-berjinjang :  a  spirit  that 
has  not  definitely  attached  itself  to  any  pawang 
or  medicine  man. 

Gtda   batu  hi  keranjang, 

Mart   taroh   dalam   kedai ; 
Laksana   hantu  ta'-birjinjang, 

Hanytit  sa-gBnap  sa-rata  pantai : 

like  a  ghost  that  is  out  of  employment,  float- 
ing (disconsolate)  from  shore  to  shore. 

junjang.     A  measure  of  superficies;  the  jofig. 

junjong.  The  supporting  of  a  burden  on  the 
head  either  for  carriage  (as  a  hawker  carries 
his  basket),  or  as  a  mark  of  submission  (as  a 
Malay  places  his  raja's  foot  on  his  head 
in  doing  homage),  or  even  as  a  sword  or 
club  is  balanced  over  the  head  to  give 
greater  sweep  to  a  blow.  Kerja  raja 
di'junjong  kerja  kita  di-kilek  :  when  the  raja's 
burden  is  on  a  man's  head,  his  own  little 
burden  may  be  under  his  arm;  when  work- 
ing for  Government  we  may  often  do 
ourselves  a  good  turn ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  152. 
Chokmar-nya  di-junjong-junjong-nya  niaka  lalu 
di'palukan-nya  kapada  Shah  Kubdd :  he 
balanced  his  mace  over  his  head  and  then 
struck  fiercely  at  Shah  Kubad ;  Ht.  Sh,  Kub. 
Junjongan  :  that  what  is  borne  on  the  head  ; 
the  sovereignty  or  lordship  of  another  ;  one's 
lord ;  Sej.  Mai.,  88 ;  Ht.  Muhd.  Hanaf.,  75  ; 
a  term  of  endearment;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  8. 
/.  ulu :  id. ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  6. 

Minjunjong  :  to  bear  on  or  above  the  head — 
in  any  of  the  above  senses.  M.  cherepu : 
(Hterally)  to  put  the  king's  feet  upon  one's 
head  in  token  of  fealty,  (metaphorically)  to 
loyally  obey  a  royal  command  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
72.  M.  dtdi :  id.;  Sej.  Mai.,  11,  51.  M. 
kaki :  id. ;  Kl.  Af .  titah  :  to  obey  a  raja's 
order;  Ht,  Hg.  Tuw.,  20;  Ht.  Abd.,  220; 
Sej.  MaL,  87 ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  9.  M. 
sabida :  id. ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  M.  kurniya : 
to  acknowledge  a  raja's  kindness ;  to  accept 
with  reverence  a  gift  from  a  prince  ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  52.  M.  anugeraha  :  id.  ;  Arabian 
Nights,  4,  20,  105.  M.  p^rentah :  to  execute 
orders.  M.  apilan :  to  have  the  gun-shields 
on  a  ship's  battery  borne  ready  for  action  ; 
Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  71. 


j^ 


jr 


JU 


Menjunjongkan  :  =  mhtjunjong  akan. 

Terjunjong :  supported  on  the  head  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  179  ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak,,  52,  103. 

Junjong  sireh,  or  simply  junjong :  a  stake  on 
which  a  climbing  plant  or  vine  is  trailed ;  a 
support  for  the  sireh  or  pepper  vine  ;  Ht.  Raj. 
Don,,  38.  Sireh  naik,  junjong  patah  :  as  the 
vine  is  growing  up  its  prop  gives  way,  the  loss 
of  a  bread-winner  when  most  needed;  J.  S. 
A.  S.,  II.,  144,  Kadok  hendak  naik  junjong  : 
the  kadok  plant  wishes  to  climb  the  sireh 
stake,  (the  kadok  being  a  plant  like  the  sireh 
in  appearance  but  without  its  qualities)  ;  the 
goose  fancies  herself  a  swan  ;  Prov. 


jinjaL  Hardship.  Mendatangkan  j, :  to  bring 
hardship  (but  not  necessarily  injustice)  upon 
another. 


janji.  Agreement  ;  contract  ;  conditions  of 
a  bargain  ;  contract  time ;  the  allotted  span 
of  life.  Sudah  sampai  janji-nya  :  the  time 
allowed  him  is  over ;  his  term  (of  life)  has 
expired;  Ht,  Abd.,  358.  Mhnegang janji  :  to 
observe  one's  promises.  Tuhan  yang  telah 
ber janji  barang  siapa  yang  meminta  iya  akan 
mendapat :  God  who  has  covenanted  that 
whosoever  asketh  shall  also  obtain ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  5. 

Buwah  jering  di-atas  para, 

Di-anibil   budak  sambil   berlari ; 

Kcring  latit   tanah   Melaka 
Beharu   kita  mungkir  janji  : 

when  the  sea  is  dry  round  the  land  of  Malacca 
then  and  then  first  will  we'  break  our  word. 

Janjiyan  or  perjanjiyan  :  an  agreement ;  a 
covenant ;  a  contract.  Putm  p, :  the  termi- 
nation of  a  contract ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak,,  60. 
Sudah  sampai  janjiyan  :  =  sudah  sampai  janji- 
nya ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  94. 

janda.  I.  A  woman  who  has  lost  her  hus- 
band by  death  or  divorce ;  the  widowed  state. 
Janda  dan  dara  :  unprotected  females  ;  widows, 
divorcees  and  maidens  ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  8.  Janda 
belum  berlaki :  a  widow  who  has  never  been 
married ;  a  girl  who  has  been  seduced  and 
abandoned ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  144.  Janda 
belum  bersuwami :  id. ;  Ht.  Raj.  Bak.,  35. 

Naik    ka-bukit  membeli  lada, 
Lada  sa-biji   di-bilah   tujoh ; 

Apa  sakit   birbini  janda? 
A  nak   tiri   buleh  stir  oh  : 

where  is  the  disadvantage  in  marrying  a 
woman  previously  married  ?  You  will  have 
a  stepchild  to  run  on  your  errands  ;  Prov. 

II.  Trace  or  mark  left  by  anything;  = 
bekas. 


jSndala.  [Skr.  chanddla,]  Maling  j. :  a  low 
thief.  Dewa  jBndala  yang  bBrbuwat  angkara : 
an  evil  disposed  spirit  working  injustice ; 
Ht.  Sh.     Better  cMndala, 


jiiND^RA 


[    235    ] 


JUTA 


V)-^^    jSndSra.     (Penang.)     Sound    asleep  ;    better 
chindBra,  q.  v. 

\Jl}*^^^  jSndSral.  Eur.  General ;  governor-gene- 
ral ;  Ht.  Abd.,  223,  260,  271.  Jendiral  perang  : 
a  military  commander  of  very  high  rank  ;  a 
general  officer  ;  Sh.  Pr.  Turk.,  4.  Also 
jeneraL 

M-U>-    jSndol  or  jgndul.     Projecting  ;   prominent  of 
the  forehead  and  frontal  bone. 

\j-lLr»-    jSndela.      [Port,  janella.]     Window;   Sh.  Sh. 
Al.,  22.     Also  jenela^  q.  v. 

ijj^    j6neral.     Eur.     Governor-general,      general  ; 
also  jenderal. 


jSnis  or  jinis.  [Arab,  jins,^  Genus  ;  species; 
kind ;  sort ;  variety.  Serba  jinis  or  berbagai 
jinis :  various  kinds.  Berjinis-jims :  in  all 
varieties  ;  of  all  kinds.  Tiyada  berjinis  :  con- 
fused ;  overcome ;  excited  ;  =  tiyada  berhMa- 
hiiwan. 


T^^  jSnang.  Prop,  support,  aid,  coadjutor;  an 
assistant  in  an  office,  a  second-in-command 
or  deputy.  Among  the  Orang  Laidy  an 
officer  immediately  subordinate  in  rank  to  a 
Batin,  In  Bencoolen,  a  sort  of  master  of 
ceremonies  at  a  wedding,  a  friend  who  assists 
the  master  of  the  house  in  attending  to  the 
guests.  Khaltfah  segala  jmang-nya  :  head  of 
all  his  assistants  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Jenang  dan 
Batin :  jenangs  and  batins,  i.  e,  assistant-chiefs 
and  chiefs  of  aboriginal  tribes  (Semang  and 
Pangan)  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Baik  membuwat  wakil  mengganti, 
Ttiwan-ku  jinangkan  satn    dipati: 

you  will  do  well  to  appoint  a  deputy ;  your 
Highness  might  nominate  some  noble  (adipati) 
as  your  vice-gerent ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

/.  pintii :  upright  posts  forming  part  of  the 
framework  of  a  door ;  doorposts,  if  the  posts 
do  not  form  part  of  the  framework  of  the 
house  but  are  limited  in  use  to  the  construc- 
tion of  the  door. 

n.     A  very  brief  period  of  time.     Also  jenak. 


J^ 


jSnak.     A  short  space  of  time  ;  a  pause.     Also 
jenang* 


'\6Jj>'    jmiun.      Arab.       Religious     frenzy;     spirit- 
^-y^^      possession. 


jannah.  Arab,  Paradise.  Shurga  jannah: 
id.;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  10.  Jannatu'n-na'im :  the 
Paradise  of  Pleasure. 


<U>-  jgnoh.  One's  fill- 
sufficiency  of  food, 
one*s  fill ;  cf.  pinoh. 


-in    the    way  of   eating; 
Makan  jenoh :    to   eat 


Au.>-  jSnela.  [Port,  janella.]  A  window  of  the 
European  type;  Ht.  Abd.,  118,  138.  Also 
j^ndela.  The  window  in  a  native  house  is 
tingkat. 

y>-  juwa.  Still,  yet,  nevertheless;  a  variant  of 
juga,  q.  V. 

w^u>-  jawab.  Arab.  Answer;  reply.  Suwdl jawdb : 
questions  and  answers ;  dialogue.  Bersuwdl- 
jawdb  :  to  interchange  questions  and  answers ; 
to  argue ;  to  discuss ;  Ht.  Abd.,  53. 
Menjawdb :  to  reply,  to  answer ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  59.     M ember i  jawdb  :  id. 

o2>\^  juwadah.  [Pers.  zawddah,]  Provisions ; 
cakes  ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg,  Perbuwat  juwadah 
bekal  hendak  pergi  itii :  making  baked  food  as 
provision  for  his  intended  journey ;  Ht.  Pg. 
Ptg. 

)\j^  juwara.  I.  The  trainer  of  a  fighting  cock; 
the  man  who  takes  charge  of  a  fighting  cock, 
holding  it  in  his  hand  before  the  fight,  fasten- 
ing on  the  spurs,  and  urging  it  on  to  the 
combat.     Bnjang  juwara  :  id. 

Btikan-nya  juwara  pandai  bestari, 

Minibulang  taji  tidak  di-pHajari, 
Selahf  kechimdang  ay  am  sendiri : 

he  is  not  a  trainer  of  experience  and  fame, 
he  has  not  even  learnt  to  fasten  on  the  spurs, 
and  the  fow^l  he  attends  to  is  always  the 
vanquished  one ;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  25. 

Juwara  is  also  used  (Riau,  Johor)  of  a 
procuress. 

n.  Ikan  juwara :  the  name  of  an  edible 
freshwater  fish ;  Pel.  Abd.,  49 ;  Sh.  Ik. 
Trub.,  15. 

tj^3>*  jawana.  The  name  of  a  Javanese  port  near 
Samarang;  Ht.  Koris, 

yi\^  jawahir.  Arab.  Jewels,  gems;  the  plural 
ofjauhaVy  q.  v. 


j'.yr 


jubor.     [Arab,  dubur.]     The  anus. 


iu>-    jubong.     A  fixed  awning  of  matting  or  bam- 
^  boo  over  a  native  vessel.     Also  jerubong,  q.  v, 

^>a>-    jubin.     I.     Jav.     Floor   tiles;    v.   ubiuy   and 
rubin, 

II.  Perahu  jubin :  a  heavy  sea-boat,  the 
word  jubin  being,  strictly  speaking,  applied  to 
its  prow-piece. 

4j^   jubah.     [Arab.  Vr  .]      A   long  overcoat  or 
surtout  worn  by  a  haji ;  v.  jitbbah, 

JLiaS>'   j'^^ta.     [Skr.  aytita :  ten  thousand,]     A  million ; 
-^      Ht.  Abd.,  413. 


JOTOR 


[    236    ] 


JORONG 


j^J>'   jotor.     A  medicinal  drug  (unidentified). 

C-i>»A>-   jiyat.     [Arab,  ydjtija.]     Mulutj. :  a  slanderer. 

C-«>^>*    jujtlt  or  jojot.     Picking  or  pulling  out  by  a 
long  sustained  effort,  drawing  out ;  cf.  jonjot. 


j>.A>-    jtdor.     I.     Wang  jujor:   the  money  paid  to 
'  the  parents  of  a  bride  to  reimburse  them  for 

her  bringing  up ;  Simp.  Ch.,  13. 

11.     Berjujoran  :  sticking  out;   projecting — 
as  pistols  from  a  girdle;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  26. 


7'>^J>-    jujong.     To  support  on  the  head  ;  - 
^'  of  junj Of tg^  q.  V. 


-  a  variant 


Jrj^ 


jojoL  A  bundle  of  cross-pointed  stakes  used 
in  making  barriers  or  chevaux-de-frise  across  a 
river.  These  bundles  are  fastened  at  inter- 
vals to  a  pole  (rembaf)  and  present  their 
points  to  a  boat  coming  up  or  down  river. 

Jqjol  also  means  sticking  out,  projecting, 
as  the  points  of  such  chevaitx-de-frise ;  cf. 
jujor,  II. 


4j>*j5»-    jtajoh.       Unbroken    succession;      continuity; 
*     *       continuous  ;  without  interruption,  as  the  flow 
of  water  in  a  stream,  or  the  dropping  of  rain 
from  the  eaves  during  a  violent  shower. 


^>.*>.    jllji.     A  species  of  green  pigeon  ;  Kl. 
«,3a>*    Jttd8»S.     A  traitor  ;  treacherous  ;  false. 

^^t^  jodo.  A  pair ;  a  couple ;  a  match ;  forming 
^  ^'  a  pair  or  couple.  Telah  di-hantarkan  Allah 
jodo-nya :  God  hath  sent  him  his  counterpart ; 
Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  37.  Sudah  tersurat  jodo-nya 
tuwan  :  she  has  been  written  (on  the  Tablet  of 
Fate)  as  your  counterpart,  Sir;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Jodowan :  match  ;  counterpart ;  Sh.  Lail. 
Mejn.,  13. 

Jodokan:  to  match.  Di-jodokan  Allah  saper- 
it  susu  dengan  shttkar :  God  hath  fitted  them 
one  for  another  as  sugar  mixes  with  milk ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  458. 

Plrang  berjodo :  an  even  battle;  Sh.  Sg. 
Kanch.,  34. 

Also  jodoh, 
jodoh.     Counterpart;  better /orfo,  q.  v. 


c3&>- 


o3^    judah.      [Arab,  juddah,]     Jeddah  ;  see  o-X>-  . 

(5,34>-  judi.  Gambling ;  games  of  chance ;  Ht.  Abd,, 
305.  Birjudi  or  bBrmain  judi :  to  gamble ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  276. 


jy^ 


-"j^ 


Jangan  bagai  orang  bBrjudi^  alah  hindak  balas^ 
minang  hhtdak  lagi  :  don't  be  like  a  gambler, 
who  if  he  loses  wants  his  revenge,  and  if  he 
wins  wishes  to  go  on  playing;  Prov. ;  J.  S. 
A.  S.,  III.,  33. 


juwar.     Kayu  j.  :  a  kind  of  ebony  ;  Kl. 


juiit.  [Jstv.  =  war.]  PBnjurii  or  perajurit: 
a  warrior ;  a  plunderer ;  a  soldier  of  fortune. 
Lihat'lah  pinjurit  Darawati  ini  bSrant  iya 
masok  ka-dalam  istana-ku  ini :  see,  then,  these 
plunderers  of  Darawati  have  dared  to  even 
enter  my  palace;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Penjurit  besar  :  a  warrior  of  renown  ;  Ht. 
Hg.  Tuw.,  55.  Perajurit  agong:  id.  Penju- 
rit *dlam :  a  world-conqueror ;  a  warrior  of 
world-wide  fame  ;  Ht.  Ind,  Jaya. 


jurus.  I.  A  pause  ;  a  very  brief  interval  of 
time — such  as  that  which  elapses  between  the 
moment  of  dropping  a  stone  into  a  deep  well 
and  that  of  hearing  the  splash  on  its  reaching 
the  water ;  Ht.  Abd.,  59.  Sa-jurm  lama-nya  : 
for  a  second  or  two. 

II.  Dragging;  pulling;  hustling.  Berjurus- 
jtirus  bertarek4arekan :  hustling  and  pulling 
each  other;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  418. 

III.  Pouring  a  continuous  stream  of  water 
over  anything — as  w^hen  a  bather  empties  a 
bucket  over  himself;  cf.  dirus  and  jirus. 

IV.  Straight,  direct ;  usually  lurus,  q.  v. 


PjL?^  jorang.  A  narrow  channel ;  a  gully ;  a  small 
stream  or  watercourse.  Mengarong  j,  :  to 
wade  through  a  watercourse  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mata 
ayer  tiga  j,  :  three  rivulets  flowing  from 
streams;  Ht.  Sg,  Samb. 

Melaluwi  j. :  to  cross  a  stream  ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


uvyr 


t>fr 


b^ 


joreng.  A  shred  or  small  piece  of  anything  ; 
a  bit  torn  off  the  corner.  Tanah  sa-joreng  : 
a  small  patch  of  padi  land  shut  in  by  jungle. 


jorong.  1.  A  flat  oval  betel-receptacle 
usually  made  of  metal.  Sireh  pada  jorong  mas 
dan  jorong  perak  :  sireh  on  platters  of  gold  and 
platters  of  silver ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.,  138.  The 
word  also  occurs :  Ht.  Berm.  Shahd. ;  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub. ;  Ht.  Nakh.  Muda,  21,  etc. 

II.  A  section,  a  division,  a  corner.  Sudah 
terbelah  sa-jorong :  a  section  of  it  (the  pome- 
granate) had  been  torn  open ;  Ht.  Best. 
Cf.  joreng  and  juru  in  pinjuru. 

III.  A  cylindrical  funnel  or  tube.  Menuntun 
bagai  di-jorong :  following  in  rigid  succession 
as  if  they  were  being  poured  down  a  funnel ; 
Sh,  Panj.  Sg.     Also  chorong. 


JOROK 


[    237    ] 


JUWAK 


3jJ^  jorok. 
anjor. 


Menjorok :  to   project ;  cf.   sorok  and 


pyr  joram  or  juram.  Sloping  sharply  down- 
ward, as  a  roof  placed  at  a  sharp  angle  so  as 
to  permit  of  water  running  down  the  more 
readily ;  cf.  churam.  Charam  at  Riau  means 
a  steeper  declivity  than  juram,  but  the  two 
are  identical  in  meaning  elsewhere.  See  also 
chenoram. 


Ojf^  joran.  A  fishing-rod.  In  Kedah  the  word  is 
also  applied  to  the  peculiar  branches  to  which 
red  eggs  are  attached  and  which  are  presented 
to  guests  at  weddings. 


X>J^  juru.  I.  An  artificer;  mechanic;  a  skilled 
employer  in  charge  of  any  kind  of  work ;  a 
master,  as  a  title  among  the  Orang  Laut^ 

J.  batu  :  the  petty  officer  in  charge  of  the 
mooring  of  a  native  vessel;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  IIL, 
64. 

/.  behasa  :  an  interpreter  ;  Sej.  iMal.,  36 ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  12,  278. 

/.  boniba  kain :  a  washerman ;  a  dhoby ; 
Muj.,  46. 

/.  dapor :  a  cook  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

/.  masak :  a  cook  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  319,  342. 

/.  mtidi :  a  petty  officer  in  charge  of  the 
steeringof  a  vessel ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI.,  64.  Also 
jemiidi, 

J,  selam  imdiyara  :  a  pearl  diver  ;  Ht.  Gh. 

/.  tinggi:  (i)  a  petty  officer  in  charge  of  a 
ship's  sails ;  the  director  of  setting  and  taking 
in  sail ;  (2)  a  climber  after  edible  birds'  nests. 

/.  tulis :  a  writer  of  any  sort ;  a  clerk  ;  a 
purser  on  board  ship ;  a  writer  in  the  H.  E.  I. 
C.  S. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  271. 

n.  Penjuru:  a  projecting  corner  ;  an  outer 
angle  ;  cf.  jorong.  Empat  p,  'dlmn :  the  four 
corners  of  the  earth.  P.  tanah :  a  quarter  of 
an  orlong. 

ni.     A  silver  coin  ;  Kl. 

IV.  Juru  jana :  (Kedah)  wicked,  rascally ; 
a  variant  of  durjana  (Skr.  durjdna),  q.  v. 


Ojosj-    juroh.     Jav.     Syrup. 


(Sj^  jural.  Hanging  down  loosely,  of  thread-like 
bodies  when  in  large  quantities;  forming  a 
loose  fringe  ;  cf.  juntai  and  tirai.  Berjuratkan 
permata  sembilan  bagai  :  with  a  fringe  of  nine 
varieties  of  gems ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

Sa-jurai :  a  strip,  a  small  portion  of ;  a  row 
of  padi'Stslks  in  apadi-field. 


iSj^  J9^'  [Hind.  A  pair ;  a  couple.]  A  pair,— 
in  the  sense  of  a  carriage  and  pair  only.  Naik 
jori  :  to  go  out  for  a  drive  in  a  carriage  and 
pair;   Sh.  Pr,  Ach.,  2. 

j^    jauza.     Arab.     The  constellation  Orion. 
^^    jOSe.     [Chin.  jiaii'Se.]     Silk  of  a  shiny  pattern. 


b^ 


juwang.  Berpmang  :  to  fight ;  to  be  engaged 
in  fighting — of  elephants  and  dragons.  Gajah 
sama  gajah  berjuwang,  pelandok  matt  di-tengah- 
tengah  :  when  elephants  meet  in  conflict,  a 
mousedeer  that  gets  between  them  is  likely  to 
perish  ;  keep  out  of  the  quarrels  of  the  power- 
ful;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  74.  Biram  berjuwang  : 
a  war-elephant ;  Ht.  Koris.  Gajah  berjuwang  : 
id. ;  Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  12.  Naga  berjuwang  : 
fighting  dragons ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Birjuwang 
biram :  to  fight  on  elephant-back ;  martial 
evolutions  or  exercises  on  elephant-back  ;  Ht. 
Koris. 

Berjuwang  is  also  used  of  a  battle  between 
men  mounted  on  elephants  making  their 
elephants  fight.  Hampir4ah  kamari  kit  a 
berjuwang :  approach  and  let  us  fight ;  Ht. 
Pg.  Ptg.  Berjuwangkan  biram  :  to  make  one's 
elephants  attack ;  to  charge  with  elephants ; 
Ht.  Koris.  Berjuwangkan  gajah:  id.;  Sej. 
Mai.,  17  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  ;  Ht.  Raj.  SuL,  6. 

Datm  juwang'juwang :  a  plant,  dracoena 
congesta. 


KZ^y>'    jongit.     Curving  upwards,  of  the  upper  lip. 

j^l^  jongor.  Projection  ;  a  projecting  or  protu- 
berant part — such  as  the  snout  of  a  pig  or  the 
bowsprit  of  a  ship.  Maka  todak  pun  datang 
serta  iya  melompat  lekat  jongor-nya  pada  batang 
pisang  itu  the  todak  fish  (saw-fish)  came  and 
as  they  leaped  they  stuck  their  snouts  into 
the  banana  stems  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  83. 

tj^^   jongos.     [Dutch  jongens,]     (Riau.)      A  boy ; 
a  servant. 

ip-Aij-   jongang.     Prominent;   sticking    out,   of   the 
C--^*       upper  teeth, 

i^Z^e^    juput.     Jav.     Gripping  between  the  finger  and 
•^*       thumb  ;  :=j^mput,  q.  v. 


d?^ 


juwak.     I.     A  retainer  of  a  raja  ;  Sh.  Sh.  Al., 

6.  Also  budak  raja.  The  word  is  also  used 
of  attendants  generally,  e,  g.,  in  a  shop  ;  Sh. 
Sh.  AL,  31. 

11.  The  act  of  stretching  out  anything  as 
far  as  it  will  go,  or  as  far  as  the  arm  will 
reach.  Juwakkan  layar :  to  spread  a  sail  to 
the  breeze. 

IIL     Exciting  a  cock  to  make  him  fight. 

IV.  To  meet  at  a  corner,  of  people  com- 
ing from  different  but  not  diametrically 
opposite  directions. 


JOKONG 


[    238    ] 


JOLONG 


jokoiig. 


A  dinghy  ; — a  variant    of  joitgkong, 


V. 


fy 


\f^ 


oJ 


'^ 


juga.  An  idiomatic  expression  signifying 
that  a  reservation  is  attached  to  an  admis- 
sion made  ;  and  yet ;  all  the  same  ;  neverthe- 
less ;  certainly...  yet ;  for  all  that.  Bukan-kah 
intan  itu-pun  stiwatu  batii  jtiga  ada-nya  :  is  not 
a  diamond  a  stone  for  all  that  ?  i.  e,,  given 
that  a  diamond  is  a  diamond,  it  does  not  cease 
to  be  a  stone  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  38.  Mahu  ta'-mahu 
naik  juga :  whether  they  liked  it  or  no,  up 
they  went  all  the  same  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  205. 

joget.  Jav.  Dancing;  a  dancing  girl;  a 
name  given  to  Malay  dancing  girls  who  dance 
either  in  pairs  or  one  at  a  time ;  Ht.  Abd., 
462;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  11. 

jogar.  (Kedah.)  A  game  something  like 
draughts  ;  (Riau,  Johor)  chokar. 

jogan.  Pers.  A  state  halberd  or  metallic 
ensign  ;  a  standard  with  metallic  emblems  but 
without  a  flag;  cf.  the  Latin  sigmmt.  Ada- 
pun  jogan  di'hadapan  raja  :  the  jogan  is  borne 
before  a  prince;  Sej.  Mai.,  96,  Bordering- 
diring  behana  k^gBntar  jogan:  the  ensigns 
(borne  along)  gave  forth  a  ringing  noise ;  Ht. 
Koris.  Segala  raja-raja  pun  merebahkan  jogan- 
nya  dan  melilit  panji-panji  dan  mengunchup 
payong-nya  :  all  the  princes  had  their  ensigns 
grounded,  their  pennons  furled  and  their  state 
umbrellas  closed;  Ht.  Koris.  Also  chogan 
q.  V. 

jogi.  [Skr.  yogi.]  A  Yogi ;  a  religious  ascetic. 
MBmakat  chara  jogi :  to  wear  the  garb  of  an 
ascetic;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  29.  Berjamu  jogi  ber- 
hamman  :  to  give  food  to  ascetics  and  Brah- 
mins— a  religious  obligation  among  the  ancient 
Hindoos;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

jugi.     I.     (Singapore.)     Male  child-dancers. 

n.     (Riau,  Johor.)      A  filthy  kind  of  love- 
philtre. 

juwal.  Sale ;  selling.  Berjuwal  beli :  busi- 
ness ;  trade  ;  barter.  /.  janji  :  a  conditional 
sale. 

Juwalan :    a  thing  for  sale ;    a  trade  trans- 
action;  Sh.  Bid.,  17;  Sh.  Lamp.,  21. 

Menjuwal :  to  sell.     Menjuwalkan  :  to  have  a 
thing  sold  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  18. 

julat.  The  range  of  anything ;  as  far  as  (any- 
thing) can  reach.  Sa-pinjulat :  as  far  as  a 
man  can  reach  by  stretching  out  his  arm. 
Sa-penjidat  mata :  as  far  as  one  can  see.  Sa- 
pBnjulat  peluru  meriyam :  as  far  as  a  cannon 
can  carry,  Di-atas  kuda  tikam  menjulat : 
stretching  out  his  arm  and  stabbing  as  far  as 
he  could  reach ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

MenjulaUjulat :    to  dart  out  in  long  lambent 
flames,  of  fire ;  cf.  api  menjilaUjilai. 


), 


'tf^ 


'1^ 


jW 


julor.  The  projection  or  emergence  of  a  long 
body  ;  the  darting  out  of  the  tongue  of  a  snake 
or  lizard  ;  the  act  of  projection  as  opposed  to 
the  possession  of  a  projecting  snout  or  other 
prominence. 

Berjulor-juloran  :  darting  out  and  then  reced- 
ing— of  the  appearance  of  pennons  in  an 
unsteady  breeze ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

Julorkan :  to  cause  to  emerge ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Mhtjiilor:  to  dart  out,  dart  up,  dart  forward 
as  a  tongue  of  flame ;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  3,  or 
as  the  tongue  of  a  snake,  or  as  a  crocodile ; 
Ht.  Best. 

Terjulor:  hung  out;  drawn  out — of  the  tongue 
of  a  corpse ;    Sh.   May.,   21 ;   Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Cf,  hiilor,  julat,  julang,  jilat,  etc. 

julang.  Lifting  up  aloft;  lifting  up  in  the 
hands ;  carrying  on  the  shoulders  ;  lifting  up — 
as  a  prince  is  borne  up  on  the  shoulders  of  his 
vassals  at  his  installation  (a  practice  confined 
to  princes  of  Bugis  descent),  or  as  a  passenger 
is  carried  ashore  by  his  crew.  Jikalau  benar 
engkau  di- julang,  jikalau  salah  engkau  di-salang : 
if  true,  you  will  be  exalted  (as  a  prince),  if 
false,  you  will  be  put  to  death  (as  a  criminal) ; 
Ht.  Raj,  Sul.,  8.  Tangan  di-jtdang :  with 
hands  lifted  up  on  high  ;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  24; 
Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  5. 

Julangan  :  a  seat  on  the  shoulders  ;  the  place 
on  w^hich  one  is  borne,  i,  e,,  the  shoulders; 
Ht.  Koris.     Penjulangan :  id.;  Ht.  Koris. 

Jtdangkan :  to  raise  aloft,  to  lift  up.  Sembah 
di-jtdangkan :  to  raise  one's  folded  hands  in 
homage;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg, 

Penjulang  :  a  nurse  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Menjulang :  to  lift  up  aloft ;  to  carry  on  the 
shoulders ;  to  toss  up,  as  a  bull  raises  an 
enemy  on  its  horns  ;  to  dart  up,  as  a  tongue 
of  flame;  Ht.  Abd.,  364;  Sh.  Kamp,  Boy.,  2  ; 
Sh.  K.  G.  T.,  4. 

juling.  A  cast  in  the  eye;  a  squint;  Sej. 
Mai.,  114;  Ht.  Abd.,  328. 

/.  ayei' :  a  slight,  but  still  noticeable,  cast ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  86. 

/.  behasa :  a  very  slight  cast,  barely  per- 
ceptible when  looking  straight  ahead. 

/.  bertangkap  :  a  cast  such  as  that  the  lines  of 
vision  of  the  two  eyes  tend  to  meet  and  cross 
each  other. 

jolong  or  julong.  The  first  fruits  of  any- 
thing ;  the  early  gusts  of  a  periodical  wind  ; 
the  projecting  prow,  snout  or  end  of  anything, 
Ikan  jolong'jolong :  (Riau,  Johor)  a  fish 
resembling  a  todak;  a  sort  of  saw-fish.  Also 
(Kedah)  ikan  nyenyulong  and  (Perak)  jenjulong, 

Buwaya  jolong-jolong  :  (Riau,  Johor)  the 
gavial,  tomistoma  schlegeli.  Also  (Kedah)  boya 
nyenyulong  and  (Perak)  boya  jenjulong. 

Perahu  jenjulong,  or  nyenyulong :  (Kedah)  a 
long  narrow  boat  with  a  long  pointed  bow. 


JULEK 


[    239    ] 


Meriyam  jolong-j along :  a  long  cannon  narrow- 
ing near  its  mouth.  Also  jenjtdong  and 
nyinytdong. 

Jolong'jolong :  a  shrub  the  leaves  of  which 
can  be  used  for  wrapping  opium,  agrostostachys 
longifolia, 

Jolong'jolong  bukit :  a  shrub  with  white 
flowers,  psychotria  stipulacea. 

Jolong'jolong  jantan:  a  small  shrub  with 
large  leaves  and  white  flowers,  webera  grandi- 
folia. 

Runipiit  jolong'jolong :   a  sedge,  setaria  glauca, 

(Sb^  julek.  Wrapped  in  a  single  petal,  as  a  very 
young  bud  appears  to  be;  Pel.  Abd.,  114; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

ij^^"  jolok.  Thrusting  with  a  stick  at  anything 
placed  above  one's  head;  an  upward  thrust 
with  a  stick;  stirring  up  a  wasp's  nest  or 
hornet's  nest ;  poking  the  branches  of  a  tree 
with  a  long  pole  in  order  to  knock  dow^n  some 
fruit;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  10;  Sh.  Pant, 
ShL,  13.  Sarang  tebuwan  jangan  di- jolok :  do 
not  stir  up  a  hornets'  nest ;  let  sleeping  dogs 
lie;  Prov. 

Burong  anak  j. :    a  bird   of  the   sandpiper 
class.     Burong  ibuj. :  id.,  but  a  larger  variety. 


^yr 


(}rfr 


julai.  Hanging  down  to  an  unwonted  extent, 
of  a  branch  heavily  laden  with  fruit ;  the 
pendulous  end  of  a  long  branch.  Kera  lotong 
terlalu  makan,  tiipai  di-julai  timpa  perasan : 
when  the  monkeys  eat  too. much,  the  squirrels 
on  the  hanging  branches  have  to  suffer  for  it ; 
Prov. 


juli.     A  hammock ;  a  kind  of  swinging  litter 
of  cloth. 


P^yr    jtiwandang.      Bujang  j.:    the    name 
^      *       fortune-bringing      spirit;      the 
gambling  and  cock-fighting ;  KL 


of    a 
patron      of 


f> 


junam.  Swift  downwards  motion,  head  fore- 
most, as  the  action  of  a  man  diving  into  the 
sea,  or  as  the  swoop  of  a  kite. 


^y"  juwah.  A  contemptuous  curl  of  the  lower  lip. 
Mulut  yang  juwah :  a  coarse- tongued  vulgar 
person.     Cf.  juweh. 


tiy>-   juweh.     A 
lower  lip. 


slight    downward    curl — of    the 


J^jf^ 


jailhar.     Arab.     A  gem,  a  jewel;  Muj.,  33; 
the  essence  or  spirit  of  life ;  the  embryo;  Sh. 

I.M.P.,3,  5- 

Jauhar  tanaffus :  the  spirit  of  breathing  life  ; 
Sh.  I.  M.  P.,  15.  Jauhar  mustika  ratu 
perempuwan  :  thou  jewel,  thou  talisman,  thou 
queen  among  women;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


yj^ 


iSjy^ 


Jfj^ 


o^yr 


jahIn 


johor.  L  The  name  of  a  State  at  the. 
southern  extremity  of  the  Malay  Peninsula. 

II.     A  tree,  pellacalyx  saccardianus, 

jauhari.  I.  [Arab,  from  jatihar,  in  the  sense 
of  a  gem.]  A  jew^eller.  Jauhart  juga  yang 
mengenal  manikam :  it  is  the  jeweller  always 
who  identifies  the  gem  ;  Prov. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  4. 
Sa-orang  jauhari :  a  jeweller;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
124. 

11.  [Arab,  from  jauhar,  in  the  sense  of  the 
precious  essence  or  spirit.]  Vivacious;  lively; 
precious  ;  dear ;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  6 ;  Ht.  Ind. 
J  ay  a.     Also  johari, 

johong.  A  charm  to  counteract  the 
machinations  of  others;  Muj.,  94.  Bab  ini 
hihnat  akan  menjohong  orang  penchuri :  this 
chapter  gives  a  charm  to  baffle  the  designs  of 
thieves ;    Muj.,  93. 

johan.  [Pers.  jahdn  :  the  world.]  A  cham- 
pion ;  first  in  the  world;  champion  of  the 
world.  Johan  pahlawan :  id.  ;  Ht.  Koris. 
Johan  Uirifin :  champion  of  sages ;  Ht.  Ism. 
Yat.,  99. 


^^  juwai 


Of  little  esteem   or  consideration ; 
better  chicwai,  q.  v. 


JA>- 


juwita.  [Skr.  and  Kawi :  life ;  to  live.]  A 
term  of  endearment ;  precious ;  of  great  price; 
rare,  Ratna  j, :  (my)  pearl  of  great  price — 
a  term  of  endearment,  Bmas  j. :  gold  of 
price — a  term  of  endearment.  Harimau  j, :  a 
tiger  of  rare  qualities;  Sh,  Sg,  Kanch.,  11. 
Raja  agong  j. :  a  title ;  Sh.  Sg,  Kanch.,  34. 
Galoh  Paspaj.:  the  Princess  Paspa  juwita ;  a 
name;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  A dohi  anak- ku juwita 
rama  :  Oh,  my  child,  the  life  of  your  father  (a 
term  of  endearment) ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 
Tali  j. :  an  ornamental  girdle  ;  Ht.  Sh. 


Ap-    jah.     Pers.     Worth,  nobility,  greatness. 

j^  jih.  Aim  ;  mark.  Saperti  tempong  menujujih : 
as  the  quoit  makes  for  its  mark ;  any  one  who 
knows  what  he  wants  and  makes  for  it  with 
directness  and  determination;  Prov.;  J.S.A.S,, 
XL,  59.     Also  jVV. 


^V^  jihad.     Arab.     A  Holy  War. 

\^^  jaharu.     [Hind. :   a  sweeper ;   a  pariah.]      A 

V^^  term  of  abuse ;    rascal ;   rogue ;   good  for  no- 
thing. 

0  W^  jtlharah.     Ikanjuharah:    a  fish,  better  known 

■^^^  as  ikan  juwara,  q.  v. ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  19. 

aJW  jaMlah.      Arab,  ignorance,  especially  ignor- 

^"^  ance  of  the  true  Faith. 

jW*"  Ja^^-     ^^^^*    ^^^  world ;  v.  johan. 


JAHT&RA 


[      240      ] 


JILAK 


\A4=r    jahtgra.       fSkr.  jaitra.] 
rest;  calm. 


Sajahtira :  peace ; 


f^ 


jShdnam.  [Arab,  jahannam,]  Hell ;  gehenna ; 
destruction.  Nuraka  jeMnam  :  hell;  Ht.  Jay, 
Lengg.  Sudah  jihenam :  utterly  destroyed, 
— a  strong  and  somewhat  coarse  expression. 


j^r 


c^ 


^^j^   jahudi.       Jew,   Jewish ;  —  a   variant   of  the 
commoner  (Arabic)  form  yahtidi, 

j'H^   jahlz.     Arab.     Swift ;  speedy. 
w^:>-    jib.     See  v^-sr 


jebah.  Berjebah  :  assorted,  of  merchandise  ; 
in  many  varieties. 

jite*h.     Akarjiiah  :  a  liana  (unidentified). 

jejer  or  jijir.  Row ;  line — as  a  line  of  soldiers, 
a  row  of  books,  a  row  of  figures.  Kolam  itu 
tiijoh  sa-jejer :  those  ponds  which  are  seven  in 
a  row  ;  Ht.  Koris  ;  cf.  banjar,  janjar  and  baris, 

jijak.     Step ;   tread ;   the  contact  of  the  foot 

or  lower  extremity  of  anything  with  the  ground ; 
the  mark  left  by  that  contact ;  the  place  where 
that  contact  takes  place  ;  the  way  in  which 
a  person  steps ;  grace  or  dignity  of  bearing. 
Matt  rusa  karhta  jijak,  matt  kuwang  karma 
bunyi :  the  deer  dies  through  its  traces,  the 
argus  pheasant  through  its  note ;  Prov.  Di- 
gantong  keduwa  belah  tangan-nya  tiyada  berji- 
jak  kaki-nya  :  he  was  hung  up  by  both  hands 
so  that  his  feet  could  not  touch  the  floor. 
Rambut  berjijak  tengkok  :  hair  long  enough  to 
fall  about  his  neck.  Akar  tidak  berjijak  di- 
bumi :  roots  that  do  not  touch  the  ground, 
i,  g.,  floating  roots  such  as  those  of  the  kiyam- 
bang  ;  ci.  pijak, 

jejeh.  I.  Spilling  or  leaking  in  drops  or 
small  quantities  at  a  time — as  water  from  an 
overful  or  slightly  leaking  bucket. 

II.     Teasing.     Usually  ejek, 

jidar.  [Arab.  }^  .]  The  **  walls  "  within 
which  type  is  confined ;  the  lines  which 
appear  round  a  page  of  printed  matter  in 
some  books ;  Hnes  ruled  round  a  letter ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  273. 


-^^^ 


c5-^>-  jedi.  [Arab,  c^^-^  J  A  pause  ;  a  break  ;  an 
intermission.  Ta'-berjedi :  without  inter- 
mission ;  uninterruptedly ;  Bint.  Tim.,  2 
January,  1895. 

O^/Pr  jlr&n.  [Arab.  plur.  of  ^W  .]  Relatives.  Kita 
inijirdn  yang  tMebeh  hampir  d^ngan  diya  :  we 
are  his  next  of  kin  ;  Bint.  Tim.,  4  April, 
1895. 


U1^ 


jirat.  [Arab.  i^O  ?]  A  Chinese  or  other 
non-Muhammadan  grave.  Btiwang  bunga  ka- 
jirat :  to  waste  flowers  on  a  heathen  grave  ;  to 
waste  sweetness  on  desert  air  ;  Prov. 

jirus.     Besprinkling ;  better  dints. 

jirak.  A  common  little  tree  in  secondary 
jungle,  eurya  acuminata, 

jirai.  Sa-jirai  :  a  strip,  a  small  quantity ; 
of  the  same  strip  or  quantity  ;  similar  in  kind. 


L>.    jel.     Eng.     A  gaol ;  a  prison 


jela.  Berjela  or  berjela-jela :  trailing  along 
slackly  or  loosely ;  getting  loose  and  trailing 
along  the  ground — as  the  entrails  of  a  horse 
gored  by  a  bull,  or  as  the  bowels  of  the  penang- 
galan  evil  spirit ;  cijuntai,  which  means  merely 
hanging  loosely,  and  not  trailing  on  any  sur- 
face. Panjang  berjela :  long  and  trailing  ;  Sh. 
Jub.  Mai.,  16.  Bulang-nya  putus  berjela-jela : 
the  fastenings  (of  the  spur)  broke  and  trailed 
along  the  ground ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pung.,  16.  Perut- 
nya  berjela-jela :  its  bowels  hanging  down ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  155,  156.  Rumput  di-bawa  berjela- 
jela  :  the  grass  was  borne  trailing  along  ;  Sh. 
Jur.  Bud.,  30.  Kendor  berdeting-deting,  tegang 
berjela-jela :  the  loose  taut,  and  the  tight 
trailing ;  everything  done  the  wrong  way ; 
Prov. 

^^Ja,  jilat.  Licking  ;  licking  up — as  a  dog  laps  up 
his  food,  or  (by  metaphor)  as  a  tongue  of  fire 
consumes  anything.  Jika  tttwanku  hendak 
bangat-bangat  semboJt  jilat-lah  gemala  di-kerong- 
kongan  langit-langit  hamba  ini :  if  you,  my 
Lord,  desire  an  irgmediate  recovery,  lick  the 
bezoar  stone  in  the  roof  of  my  mouth ;  Ht. 
Jay.  Lengg. 

Sudah  ludah  lain  di-jilat :  to  spit  and  then 
lick  up  one's  own  spittle  ;  very  dirty  conduct, 
used  especially  of  the  act  of  a  donor  who 
wants  a  gift  back,  or  of  a  man  who,  having 
divorced  his  wife,  consents  to  receive  her  back 
by  the  medium  of  a  muhallil ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A. 
S.,  II.,  140.  Tiyada  terjilat  uleh  anjing, 
tiyada  tersudu  uleh  itek  :  the  dogs  won't  lick  it 
up,  the  ducks  will  not  spoon  it  up  with  their 
bills ;  a  thing  which  even  unclean  feeders 
turn  up  their  noses  at ;  an  utterly  vile  thing ; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  56. 

Menjilat :  to  lick  up ;  to  lap  up  ;  to  con- 
sume, of  a  tongue  of  flame.  Maka  api  itu-pun 
padamlah  sSndiri-nya  tiyada  dapat  minjilat 
Betara  Kisna :  then  the  fire  went  out  of  its 
own  accord,  having  failed  to  consume  the  great 
God  Krishna ;  Ht,  Sg.  Samb. 

^^JLs*-  jilit.  Book-binding,  a  volume  ; — a  colloquial 
variant  of  (Arab.)     J^  ,  q.  v. 

^JJL5»-    jilak.     The  store  room  in  the  bows  of  a  native 
sailing  vessel. 


jfM 


[    241    ] 


CHABIR 


r^    jim.     Arab.     The  name  of  the  letter  ^  . 

^J^^    jimat.     L      [Arab.   'azimatJ]      An   amulet  ;    a 
talisman. 

11.     [Arab,  himmat,  q.   v.]    Thrift;    econo- 
my ;  financial  prudence. 

Ifigat  antara  beltmi  kena, 
Jimat  antara   belum   habis  : 
reflect  before  the  event ;  count  the  cost  before 
all  is  spent. 
Ingat  jimat  :   attentiveness,    care,    thought ; 
Ht.  Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  45. 

^y^    jinak.     Tameness;    familiarity;    the   loss    of 

fear  or  shyness  by  familiarity ;  the  acquisition 
of  boldness  as  the  result  of  impunity.  Jinak 
hati :  accustomed;  familiarized.  Perompak 
saperti  anak  ayam  jinak-nya  :  the  pirates  took 
as  many  liberties  as  chickens  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  213, 
217.  Kuda  itu  telah  jinak  :  the  horse  had  been 
broken  in ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  2^, 


yPT 


Berjinak-jinakkan :  to  familiarise  oneself. 
Maka  hendak'lah  kira-nya  tuwan  berjinak-jinak- 
kan dengan  segala  hikdyat-hikdyat  behasa 
Melayii :  you  should,  perhaps,  familiarize 
yourself  with  all  the  romances  written  in 
Malay;  Ht.  Abd.,  138. 


Perjinak  :    taught ;    tamed — as  a  bird ; 
Bid.,  73,*  93. 


Sh. 


jiwa.  Skr.  Life;  the  spirit  of  hfe ;  the  soul. 
Jiwa  binatang :  the  lives  of  animals ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  83.  Serahkan  jiwa  :  to  surrender  one's 
life ;  to  give  up  one's  life.  Bertuhar  jiwa 
dengan  semangat :  to  give  up  one's  soul  to 
save  one's  life;  a  bad  exchange;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub. 

Utama  jiwa :  ( properly  atma  jiwa )  the 
breath  of  life  ;  life,  as  a  term  of  endearment. 
Ayer  rdama  jiwa  :  the  water  of  life ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. ;  cf.  nyawa  and  semangat. 


L 


^  The  letter  chd ;  the  sixth  letter  of  the  Malay 
Alphabet ;  the  symbol  for  the  number  2,000 
in  the  A  bjad,  q.  v. 


\>-    cha.     The  name  of  the  letter 


,W 


E 


chabut.  Removal  by  drawing  out ;  the  act 
of  pulling  out  or  plucking  out  (as  a  man  pulls 
out  a  splinter  or  thorn  in  the  flesh),  but  not 
of  angrily  tearing  out  (rabut)  ;  eradication  ; 
removal  from  a  post ;  the  cashiering  or  dis- 
missal of  an  officer ;  the  dislocation  of  a 
bone ;  Ht.  Abd.,  253  ;  the  gouging  out  of  an 
eye ;  Ht.  Abd.,  77 ;  the  unsheathing  of  a 
weapon ;  Ht.  Abd.,  192,  253  (but  humis  is 
better) ;  a  raja's  commission  or  royalty  on 
produce — as  on  tin  in  Perak.  Main  chabut  : 
a  game  played  with  English  cards,  the  distin- 
guishing feature  of  which  is  that  only  one 
card  is  drawn  at  a  time  from  the  pack  or  pool. 
Chabut  lari  (or  simply  chabut) :  a  slang  ex- 
pression signifying  hasty  flight;  to  clear  out 
of  a  place.  Ch,  kekili  :  (slang)  stark  naked. 
Chabut  lidah  mati :  (slang)  you  may  be  silent 
but  I  will  put  you  to  shame ;  holding  your 
tongue  will  avail  you  nothing. 

Menchabut :  to  pull  out ;  to  draw  out ;  to 
extract ;  to  unsheath,  to  draw  off.  Menchabut 
chinchin  daripada  jari  tuwan  puteri :  to  draw 
the  ring  off  the  princess's    finger ;  Ht.  Par. 

ptg. 

Tgrchabut :  drawn  out,  extracted  ;  naked,  of 
a  sword  or  dagger. 


>«  t 


,W 


U 


J'- 


u 


chabit. 

q.  V. 


Tearing ;  torn  ;  a  variant  of  ckabek, 


chabar.  I.  Cowardice  ;  pusillanimity  ; 
fainthearted  ;  dastardly  ;  the  reproach  of  cow- 
ardice. Cheh !  chabar-nya  segala  orang  muda- 
muda  ini :  Oh  !  the  cowardice  of  all  these 
young  men  !  Sej.  Mai.  Kata-nya  jangan-lah 
kakanda  menolong  beta,  neschaya  kakanda-lah 
member i  '  aib  main  nama  beta  di4cngah  medan 
peperangan  dan  kakanda-lah  viemberi  chabar 
gagah  kesaktiyan  beta :  he  said  :  My  brother, 
do  not  help  me  or  you  will  certainly  put  my 
name  to  open  shame  on  the  battlefield  and 
turn  my  renown  for  valour  and  skill  into 
notoriety  for  cowardice  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Kata- 
nya  tuwanku  pun  terlalu  amat  menchabarkan 
anak  raja  itu  ;  sekarang  datang-lah  iya  ka-mari 
karena  iya  malu  di-kata  demikiyan.  Maka 
tuwan  puteri  pun  tertawa :  it  (the  parrot)  said  : 
Your  Highness  has  been  taunting  this  prince 
too  much  with  want  of  spirit ;  he  is  now 
coming  liere  in  very  shame  at  your  words. 
Then  the  princess  laughed  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

Sa-bagai  bukan  laki-laki  sa-jati, 
Terlalu  chabar  rupa  pckerti  : 
not  like  one  of  a  true  manly  spirit,  his  dis- 
position seemed  rather  disposed  to  cowardice  ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

H.     A  kind  of  rake  ;  C.  and  S. 


Chabir.      Tearing,    torn  ; 
chabek  or  charek,  q.  v.,  but 
tive  meaning. 


an    equivalent    of 
with  a  frequenta- 


31 


CHABANG 


[    242    ] 


OHACHA 


t^ 


JiV 


JiW 


J^V 


v>V 


chabang.  Branching  into  two  or  more 
points  ;  forked  as  the  tongue  of  a  snake  ;  the 
primary  boughs  or  main  branches  of  a  tree ; 
a  kind  of  forked  spear  used  as  a  weapon  in 
war ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. ;  division 
into  peaks — of  the  summit  of  a  mountain  ; 
division  into  branches — of  the  course  of  a 
river.  BBst  iiga  chabang  :  a  trident ;  a  triple 
fork ;  Ht,  Abd.,  310.  Lidah  berchabang  bagai 
hiyawak :  a  tongue  forked  Hke  that  of  a  moni- 
tor lizard  ;  insincere  ;  treacherous  ;  Prov. 

Ch.  p^rahu :  the  inner  angles  at  the  bow  and 
stern  of  a  native  boat.  Ch.  buwaya  :  id.  at 
the  bottom  of  the  boat. 

Chabang  is  also  the  name  given  to  a  nipper 
placed  on  the  nostrils  of  a  buffalo  calf  to 
prevent  its  sucking.  The  word  is  also  applied 
to  a  wing  of  a  palace. 

chabak.  I.  [Hind,  id.]  A  goat-sucker, 
caprinmlgus  affinis. 

11.  A  wound  left  by  a  piece  of  flesh  having 
been  torn  or  bitten  off  the  body ;  cf.  chabek. 

chabek.     The  act  of  tearing ;  torn  ;  rent ;  the 

rent  left  by  a  piece  of  paper  or  cloth  being 
torn  off  the  edge  of  a  larger  piece.  Sa-chabek : 
a  tatter.  Chobak-chabek :  tattered  and  torn ; 
in  rags.  Di-chabek-chabekkan-nya  kain  itu  sa- 
dikiUdikit  di-tabor-nya :  he  tore  the  cloth  into 
shreds  and  scattered  the  fragments  here  and 
there  on  the  ground;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Cf. 
chabakf  charek,  chabir,  robak,  rabek,  chobak  and 
vabak, 

chabok.  I.  Phagedena  oi  the  leg;  festering 
ulceration  of  the  lower  limb;  Ht.  Raj.  Don., 
52. 

n.     Pers.     A  whip. 

HI.     A  fish  (unidentified). 

IV.     A  scarf  worn  by  men  ;  better  sabok, 

chabul.  Offensive ;  unseemly  or  tactless  lan- 
guage; loud  behaviour;  unseemly  presump- 
tion; obscene  conduct;  rape;  Sh.  Bid. 
(Leyd.),  332.  Ch,  di4aut:  remarks  mal  a 
propos;  unlucky  words  which  bring  down  a 
storm  by  offending  the  spirits  of  the  sea. 
Ch.  di-huian:  unlucky  remarks  made  in  the 
jungle.  Gong  ch, :  a  gong  beaten  to  command 
silence.  Pekirjaan  ch. :  insulting  and  indecent 
conduct — such  as  that  of  drunken  sailors  to 
women ;  Ht.  Abd.,  82.  Berbuwat  chabtd  di- 
dalam  istana  :  to  outrage  the  palace — i.  e.,  by 
forcing  a  way  in  and  violating  the  inmates ; 
Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  32.  Mmchabiil  istana :  id. ; 
Ht.  Hamz.,  67. 

Saperti  si-chabul  Mndak  mHchapai  bulan  :  like 
the  low  swaggerer  who  wished  to  seize  the 
moon ;  foolish  presumption ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XL,  62.  Saperti  si-chabul  hindak  menchapai- 
kan  bulan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jay. 


Menchabuli:  to  behave  in  an  outrageous  way; 
to  use  objectionable  language;  to  commit 
rape;  Sh.  Bid.,- 57,  81, 

f^W    chabai.     [Skr.  chawi,  chawyay  chawika.]    Long 

•  '  '       pepper,  piper  longum. 

Ch.  hutan :  a  wild  pepper,  piper  carinum. 

Ch.  pintal  or  ch.  tali :  the  capsules  used  in 
native  medicine ;  helicteres  isora. 

Siapa  makan  chabai  iya-lah  merasa4ah  pedas  : 
whoever  eats  pepper  will  also  feel  his  mouth 
smarting ;  a  man  cannot  evade  the  conse- 
quences of  his  own  acts;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  H.,  140. 

^W    chabL     L      A     shell-fish    (unidentified),    C. 

*  *   *       and  S. 

n.  [Hind,  charbi.]  Grease  for  lubricating 
machinery  or  brass  work.  Also  cherebi  and 
charbi. 

III.  Hind.  The  bolt  of  an  axle.  Also 
chawi. 


J 


w 


chatur     or     chator.        [Skr.     chaturangga.] 
Chess,  the  game  of  chess. 

Bermain  ch. :  to  play  chess;   Sh.  Abd.  Mk., 
10.     B er chator :  id.;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  11. 

Buwah  ch. :  chessmen. 

Loh  ch.  or  papan  ch. :   a  chess-board ;    Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  II. 

Tapak  ch. :  chequered. 


T^y^    chatang.    [Chin,  chha-thdng.']   A  rattan  basket 
*        with  a  lining  inside  used  as  a  kind  of  tea  cosy. 


O^V 


chatok. 


The  blow  of  a  pick  (Pel.  Abd., 
any  similar  instrument  having 


L 

70),  or  of  any  similar  instrument  having  a 
pointed  blade  at  right  angles  to  the  stock  or 
handle ;  the  peck  of  a  bird,  when  the  peck 
is  horizontal  and  not  vertical. 


n.  Sitting  bolt  upright  except  that  the 
head  is  slightly  bent  forward — as  a  man 
listening  to  movements  about  his  house  at 
night. 

HL  A  measure  something  like  a  table- 
spoonful  ;  an  eighth  of  a  chupak  measured  by 
the  use  of  a  coco-nut  scoop  or  spoon. 

y^  chatu.  Meting  out  (money,  rations,  etc.),  in 
small  amounts  at  a  time ;  doling  out ;  putting 
on  a  niggardly  allowance  (of  a  husband  who 
does  not  treat  his  wife  generously). 


r 


w 


chacha.  L  A  kind  of  broth  or  soup  the 
component  parts  of  which  have  been  cooked 
— as  opposed  to  a  kind  of  soup  made  of  un- 
cooked materials  floating  in  vinegar,  oil,  etc., 
(chendol).     Also  chachar  and  chachah. 

II.  Abasing;  bringing  to  submission;  a 
charm  to  bring  about  subjection ;  cf.  penundok 
from  tundok,  q.  v. 


CHAOHAT 


[    243    ] 


CHADAR 


i«>-W 


^ 


■W 


chachat.  A  flaw ;  a  defect ;  a  small  imper- 
fection which  detracts  from  what  would 
otherwise  be  a  perfect  whole;  the  point  in 
which  anything  falls  short  of  the  ideal. 

Ch.  chedera  (Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  44;  Sh.  Sg. 
Kanch.,  38),  or  simply  chachat:  a  slight 
injury  which  makes  a  person  or  object  differ, 
however  infinitesimally,  from  his,  her  or  its 
condition  before  the  injury  occurred.  Di- 
bawa  uleh  Koris  Mengindira  kaluwar  dari  padang 
api  itu,  suwatu  ptm  tiyada  apa  chachaUnya : 
she  was  borne  from  the  burning  plain  by 
Koris  Mengindra  without  the  slightest  trace 
of  injury — or,  more  idiomatically,  without  a 
hair  of  the  head  being  injured ;  Ht.  Koris. 


chachar.  L  An  eruptive  disease;  a  skin 
eruption,  such  as  measles,  chicken-pox  or 
small-pox ;  cf.  ketumbohan,  from  tumboh,  q,  v. 
Ch.  ayer:  a  light  eruption  such  as  chicken-pox. 

II.  Menchachar  :  to  dash  about  wildly  from 
side  to  side,  as  a  fugitive  who  loses  his  pre- 
sence of  mind  from  fear  of  his  pursuer. 

III.  Abasing;  a  charm  for  bringing  to  sub- 
mission; also  chacha  and  chachah. 


chachang.     Ch.  Iaya4' :  an  aquatic  herb  with 
blue  flowers,  monochoria  hastcefolia. 


chaching.  A  worm ;  an  earthworm ;  the 
generic  name  for  worms.  Kena  chaching :  to 
suffer  from  worms  in  the  intestines.  Sa-ekor 
chaching  menelan  naga  :  a  worm  has  swallowed 
a  dragon;  an  unequal  marriage,  or  improper 
triumph  of  the  mean  over  the  great;  Prov., 
Ht.  Abd,,  408.  Chaching  menjadi  tdar  naga  : 
a  worm  has  become  a  dragon ;  a  man  of  low 
position  and  intelligence  suddenly  attaining 
a  position  of  importance ;  a  beggar  on  horse- 
back ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  4.  Saperti  chaching 
kena  ayer  panas  :  like  a  scalded  worm ;  writh- 
ing  under  misfortune;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL, 
60. 

Ch,  asal :  an  intestinal  worm  the  issue  of 
which  from  the  body  is  believed  to  forebode 
death. 

Ch.  besar :  a  large  white  worm  occasionally 
passed  in  stools. 

Ch,  gelang'gelang :  a  large  red  worm  which  is 
believed  to  make  a  noise  like  a  cricket. 

Ch,  kerawit  or  ch.  keniwit :  intestinal  worms 
in  children. 

Ch,  minyak :  cheese  mites. 

Ch,  pipeh  :  the  tapeworm. 

Ch.  rarnbu :  worms  in  ulcers ;  maggots  in 
sores. 

Ch.  romany  ch.  rumi  and  ch.  simi :  different 
forms  of  intestinal  worms. 


-W    chachap.     A  wash  to  make  the  hair  glossy ; 
^       a  hair-restorer. 


t^^ 


w 


>V 


-?tV 


Ap- 


w 


C^V 


j'h 


chachak.  I.  The  act  of  fixing  or  planting 
anything  in  the  ground  or  in  a  hole  or  rest  so 
as  to  give  it  an  upright  or  erect  position. 
Di-chachak-nya  kayu  kiri  kanan  kandang  tin 
rapat-rapat :  they  planted  rows  of  stakes  to  the 
right  and  left  of  the  enclosure,  each  stake 
being  close  to  the  next;  Ht.  Abd.,  72.  Ter- 
chachak  bagai  lembeng  tergadai :  stuck  up 
straight  like  a  spear  in  pawn, — of  a  man  look- 
ing uncomfortable  and  out  of  touch  with  those 
around  him;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  28. 
Masok  terchachak,  chabut  terhdai :  rigid  when 
you  put  it  on,  loose  when  you  take  it  off  (a 
coat) ;  Riddle. 

Ranjau  ch, :  bamboo  splinters  or  spikes  used 
in  a  pitfall  to  injure  or  kill  any  animal  caught 
in  it. 

Chachak  lari :  (slang)  hasty  secret  flight ;  the 
disappearance  of  a  defaulter.  Cf.  chabut  lari, 
which,  however,  does  not  convey  the  idea 
of  secrecy. 

II.  Bnrong  chachak ;  the  name  of  a  very 
small  bird;     C.  and  S. 

chachil.  Small,  relatively  to  the  purpose  or 
object  for  which  anything  is  intended,  as  a 
horse  which,  however  much  above  the  average 
height,  is  smaller  than  another  horse  with 
which  it  is  intended  to  be  driven  in  double 
harness ;  too  small. 

chachau.  Confusion,  as  the  result  of  bad 
management  on  one's  own  part;  throwing 
one's  work  into  disorder  by  bad  manage- 
ment ;  muddled ;  confused  in  one's  acts  or 
language ;  cf.  kachau  (which  refers  to  one's 
work  being  confused  by  another  person's 
interference). 

Penchachan :  a  charm  or  incantation  for 
making  a  man  give  confused  or  contradictory 
evidence  in  a  Court  of  Justice. 

chachah.  I.  The  pricking  of  a  pattern,  e.g., 
on  bread,  pastry  or  fruit ;  design  by  puncture 
or  tattooing — as  distinct  from  painting  or 
carving.     Berchachah:  tattooed;  Pel.  Abd.,  24. 

Cf,  chachak. 

II.  A  charm  to  bring  about  submission  ; 
see  chacha  I. 

III.  Jav.     Enumeration ;  census. 

IV.  Jav.     Chopping,  mincing;  Ht.  Sh. 

chachi.  Kayu  ch. :  a  small  piece  of  wood 
fitting  into  a  loop  at  the  outer  extremity  of 
the  boom  and  used  when  it  is  desired  to  roll 
up  the  sail  on  the  boom.  Tali  penchachi :  the 
rope  forming  this  loop ;  a  loop  at  the  point 
where  the  sail  meets  the  outer  extremity  of 
the  boom.     Also  achi-achi. 

chadar.  [Hind,  chaddar;  Pers.  chadir.]  A 
veil,  rug  or  shawl  made  of  some  coarse 
material.  Put^ri  itu  memakai  chadar ;  maka 
tiyada-lah  mudah  (melihat  mitka-nya):  the 
princess  wore  a  shawl  and  it  was  not  easy  (to 
see  her  face) ;  Ht.  AL,  13. 


CHADANG 


[    344    ] 


CHANQAK 


h>^ 


M. 


u^ 


w 


,w 


OJ 


d)V 


chadang.  Reliance,  whether  on  an  object 
or  on  a  person ;  a  stand-by  in  case  of  emer- 
gency; a  reserve  fund  to  meet  any  sudden 
demand.  Ada-pun  naga  ini  di-p^rbawatkan 
baginda  di-chadangkan  putiri  baginda  itu  ber- 
suwami :  the  king  had  this  (golden)  dragon 
constructed  with  a  view  to  its  being  used  in 
the  event  of  his  daughter's  marriage;  Ht. 
Koris. 

Terang  bulan   terang  ka-paya 
Budak'budak   bennain  rakit; 

Chadang  jangan   kapada   sehaya 
Jaiih   beda    biikan  sadikit : 

do  not  rely  upon  me  as  a  stand-by ;   I  am  far 
from  being  one,  very  far  indeed. 

chadak.     (Selangor.)     Sloping,  of  masts. 

Chadi.  The  outriggers  of  a  native  boat ;  KL, 
C.  and  S. 

chara.  Manner ;  custom ;  wise ;  after  the 
manner  of,  Memakai  chara  jogi :  to  dress  as 
a  yogi ;  to  put  on  the  dress  of  a  mendicant 
ascetic.  Di-pakaikan4ah  'A  bduH-kddir  itu 
chara  perempuwan :  they  dressed  Abdulkader 
in  women's  clothes;  Ht.  Abd.,  404.  Di-masak 
chara  Keling :  cooked  in  Tamil  style;  Ht. 
Abd.,  177.  Bertanya  chara  China  :  to  ask  a 
question  in  Chinese ;  Ht.  Abd.,  310.  Ubat 
chara  Wolanda:  Dutch  medicine;  Sh.  Pant. 
ShL,  II. 

Charit.  Mmcharit :  to  neigh  ;  better  menjerit, 
v.  jerii, 

charut.  I.  Foul,  low,  obscene,  of  language. 
Jangan  di-chuchok  orang  yang  latah  di-stcmpah 
charut  bersengkarut :  do  not  stir  up  a  victim  of 
latah,  he  will  revile  you  in  the  filthiest  way. 
Menyumpah  charut-marnt :  to  use  all  sorts  of 
obscene  oaths;  Sh,  Panj.  Sg. 

Menchariit :  to  use  filthy  language. 

n.     A  grass-cutting  knife;  KL,  v.  chenit, 

Charang.  The  minor  (tertiary)  boughs  and 
branches  of  a  tree — the  principal  boughs  being 
chabang  and  the  secondary  boughs  dahan ;  the 
branches  from  which  the  leaf-bearing  twigs 
directly  grow ;  the  spiky  small  branches  which 
remain  when  a  tree  is  stripped  of  leaves. 
Bercheranchangan  saperti  charang  kayii  niati : 
with  points  projecting  in  every  direction  like 
the  dry  branches  of  a  dead  tree;  Pel.  Abd.,  50. 


Charup.     Mmchamp : 
cherup,  from  cherup,  q. 


to  lap  up ;    better  men' 


charek.     The  act  of  tearing  material  (such  as 

paper  or  cloth)  at  the  edge  ;  the  rent  so  left ; 
(sometimes)  the  material  torn  off.  The  use  of 
charek  is,  however,  often  limited  to  a  rent  at 
the  edge  where  no  material  is  torn  away  or 
lost.  Charek  bajti^  raja  di-lompati  todak  :  the 
raja's  coat  was  torn  by  the  leap  of  the  sword- 
fish  upon  it;  Sej.  Mai.,  83. 


a.\? 


Charek'charek :  tattered,  frayed ;  torn  in  many 
places;  Ht.  Kal,  Dam.,  loi.  Chorak-charek  : 
id. ;  Ht.  Ind,  Nata. 

Sa-charek  :  a  rent ;  a  piece  torn  off  the  edge 
of  any  material.  Sireh  sa-charek  :  a  quid  of 
sireh  leaf;  Sej.  Mai.,  loi. 

Charekkan  :  to  tear  any  material,  to  rend ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  279.     Mencharek  :  id.;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Mencharek -charek  :  to  tear  to  pieces,  to  tear 
up  (a  letter);  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Mencharek- 
charekkan :  id. ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

charok.     I.     A  runnel;   a  running  ditch;  the 

source  of  a  small  stream,  if  on  level  ground  ; 
a  small  tidal  inlet  or  stream. 

n.  The  puncturing  of  a  tree  so  as  to  allow 
of  the  sap  running  out ;    Pijn. 

HI.     Gluttonous. 

IV.  (Johor.)  A  sprig;  a  freshly  sprouting 
twig,  the  equivalent  of  tarok,  when  confined  to 
uncut  growths. 


,W    charam.    I. 


P 


jM 


(Riau.)     A  kind  of  solder. 


^j 


,u 


n.  Earnest-money,  money  paid  in  advance. 
Bercharam  :  to  raise  money  by  contributions. 

charu.     Gluttonous;  a  variant  of  c/i^aroA  HI. 

chari.     Search,  seeking.     Also  chehari, 

Charikan  :  to  institute  a  search  for  anything; 
Ht.  Abd.,  477  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  Mencharikan  : 
id.,  Ht.  Abd.,  20,  88,  395. 

Menchari :  to  seek.  M,  radzki :  to  seek  a 
livelihood.  M.  ikhtiydr :  to  try  to  make  up 
one's  mind  what  course  to  follow.  Orang  m. : 
(Penang)  a  prostitute. 

Penchariyan  :  a  source  of  livelihood  ;  a  means 
of  earning  a  livelihood;  Ht.   Abd.,   215,   216. 

changit.  Chongak-changit :  restless  upward 
and  downward  movements  of  the  head ;  v. 
chongak. 


^...JpW    changap.     A  notch  at  the  top  of  a  pillar  ;  a 
*        notch  cut  at  the  end  of  a  pole  to  receive  a 
small  piece  of  wood  at  right  angles  to  it. 


iJX-^ 


v-ipW   changip. 
breath. 


Chungap'Changip  :  panting,  short  of 


o^V 


changak.      Looking     round     hastily     when 

startled ;  casting  frightened  looks  to  right 
and  left  as  a  nervous  man  or  as  a  timid  child 
in  the  dark. 

Giling  kerisek  atas   bata 
Hendak  gtilai  siput  tBritip ; 

Tekeresek   bunyi  di-changak   rata, 
Taktit   behaya  di-dalam   stdip : 

at  the  least  sound  he  looks  on  every  side  of 
him,  he  fears  danger  where  none  is. 


CHANGOK 


[    245    ] 


CHAKAR 


Orang  htitan   masok   ka-itegeri^  \ 

Pirak  changak   kanan   kiri :  \ 

when  jungle  dwellers  enter  a  village  they  cast  | 

frightened  glances  to  right  and  left  of  them.  | 

^JpV>*    changok.     Sitting   with   a  curving   neck — of  I 

the  attitude  of  a  hawk  on  a  bough.  I 

\ — i\.>-    chapa.     I.     A  plant,   the  leaves  of  which  are 

used    in    medicine,    blumea  balsam  if er  a ;    Ht.  j 

Koris.  i 

IL     The  name   of  a  game   played   by   two  1 

persons.      Three   holes  are   made   in   a   row  i 

along  the  ground  and  two  balls  are  used.  : 

jil>-    chapar.     A  wooden  wash-tub ;  better  chapah,  \ 

'        q.  v.  ; 

i3\>-    Chapang.     Wide,  expanding — of  buffalo  horns  j 

^    '       which  do  not  curve  quickly.  | 

i^W    chaping   or  chapeng.    A    metal    plate    or  I 

^    '        tablet  worn  by  very  young  female  children  to  | 

conceal  the  nudities  (also  tampok   ch.)  ;    the  ! 

iron  moveable  cover  of  a  keyhole  ;  the  move-  \ 

able  covers  of  the  lockers  in  the  bows  and 

stern  of  a  boat. 

Tidang   ch,  :  the  xiphoid  process  ;  also  iulang  • 


J^W 


ii^V 


l3^W 


idn  hati  and  tiilang  sudu  hati. 


chapak.  1.  Negligence  ;  inattention  ;  under- 
estimating the  importance  of  anything  ; 
slighting  ;  contempt ;  inattention  as  the  result 
of  ignorance  as  well  as  of  deliberate  purpose. 
Di'Changak  sangat  sudah4ah  dada  kelihatan : 
she  paid  no  attention  to  the  fact  that  her 
bosom  was  exposed  (not  knowing  that  there 
were  male  spectators  present)  ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng. 

Sa-orang  dagang  sangat   bongkak-nya 
Negeri   kita    di-peychapak-nya : 

a  stranger,  puffed  up  with  conceit,  has  treated 
this,  our  city,  with  disdain;  Sh.  Peng,,  7. 

A  bang,  well  I  jangan  chapak  permtidah  :  oh, 
my  brother,  do  not  contemptuously  make 
light  of  it ;  Sh.  Sh.  Al.,  43. 

II.     Ancestors  in  the  sixth  generation  ;  Kl, 

chapek.     I.     Limping  gait ;    halting   as   the 

result  either  of  a  strain,  sore  or  permanent 
malformation  ;  paralyzed,  of  the  lower  limbs. 
Ritsa  yang  chapek  :  a  limping  deer;  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.  Orang  biita  dan  chapek  :  the  blind  and 
the  halt ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 

Ch,  riyoh  :  lame  as  the  result  of  a  broken 
bone  which  has  not  set  properly  ;  Sej.  MaL, 
134,     Also  (Kedah)  ch,  ruwit, 

IL      [Jav.  and  Sund.]    Tired  ;  worn  ;  weary, 

chapok.      (Vulgar.)     A    certain    very    gross 

insult ;  a  form  of  obscene  conduct  indulged 
in  by  an  angry  woman  to  express  extreme 
contempt  for  any  person  or  object. 


^W  chapal.  A  shoe  or  sandal  (from  Palembang) 
consisting  of  a  leathern  sole  with  a  band  over 
the  instep,  and  a  thong  passing  between  the 
big  toe  and  its  neighbour  ;  H^  Abd.,  231. 

^W  chapuL  (Kedah.)  Loose  careless  language. 
Jangan  chakap  chapid  di-simgai ;  buwaya  ganas  : 
do  not  talk  rashly  near  a  river,  alligators  are 
daring ;  Prov.     See  chabuL 

a5u>-    chapah.     h  round  unpainted  wooden   wash- 
tub  of  Burmese  make. 


JV 


Chapai.  The  act  of  taking  into  the  hand  ; 
getting  a  good  grip  of  anything;  grasping  or 
seizing.  Tiyada  buleh  chapai:  beyond  sei- 
zure—an expression  used  of  objects  out  of 
reach  without  any  special  sense  of  taking  into 
the  hand.  Di-pandang  dekat  di-chapai  ta'- 
bideh :  in  appearance  close  at  hand,  ( in 
reality)  beyond  all  reach  ;  the  heavens;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  104.  Pohnn-nya  tinggi 
tiyada  buleh  chapai:  the  tree  was  high  and  it 
(the  flower)  was  out  of  reach  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Menchapai  :  to  seize,  grasp,  or  take  into  the 
hand.  Maka  tangan-nya  menchapai  duwa 
buwah  gunong  yang  besar-besar :  his  hand 
grasped  two  huge  mountains ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
Si-chabul  hendak  mhichapai  btdan :  the  low 
swaggerer  who  wanted  to  seize  the  moon  ; 
presumption;  Prov.,  y,  chabuL 

Rihu-ribu   daun   melampai, 
J  atoll  sa-kali  di-pohun   rnaja ; 

Maski  sa-ribu  hendak   menchapai, 
Tidak  buleh   dt-dapat  sShaja : 

he  needs  must  grasp  a  thousand  things,  he 
cannot  get  a  single  one;  Prov.,  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng.     Cf.  sampai,  champai,  ampai,  etc. 


^\>-    chakat.      I.      A    shallow,     a    bank;     better 
*        changkat,  q.  v. 

II.  Chakatan:  quickness;  nimbleness;  agility 
of  movement. 

III.  [ Skr .  jcigat,]     The  world ;  better  jagat, 


/^ 


W  chakar.  I.  A  claw;  a  talon;  the  act  of 
clawing  or  scratching  ;  scratching  the  ground 
with  a  rake ;  the  results  of  clawing ;  scratches. 
Ch.  ayam :  ( i )  the  marks  left  by  fowls 
scratching  up  the  soil  in  search  of  food — a 
simile  for  bad  hand-writing;  Ht.  Abd.,  39;  (2) 
a  kind  of  cake  make  of  nbi  khledek,  tipong 
jawi,  etc. 

Ch.  balar :  ( Riau,  Johor)  scratched  and 
scarred  in  all  directions — as  a  man  who  has 
had  to  force  his  way  through  prickly 
undergrowth  in  the  jungle;  Ht.  Abd,,  342. 
Also  (Kedah)  ch,  bara. 


Ch,    bebek,  ch,  itek 
cotyledon  laniata  ? 


or   tapak  itek:     a  weed, 


CHAKERA 


[    246    ] 


CHALAE 


Minchakar :  (i)  to  scratch — as  an  angry  wo- 
man ;  (2)  by  metaphor,  to  make  love  in  its 
initial  stages ;  bowing  and  scraping  and  trying 
to  attract  attention,  likened  by  Malays  to  a 
fowl  scratching  up  the  ground. 

Penchakar,  or  penyakar  :  a  rake. 


V. 


\f\p-   chakgra. 


[Skr,  chdkrd,]     A  discus  or  wheel; 


.j^ 


^\^ 


^v 


A^ 


oiu 


chakus.     Menchakus  :  to  carry  a  burden  slung 
from  a  stick  resting  on  the  shoulder. 


chakang.  Stretched  out  in  the  shape  of  a 
small  arc  of  a  very  large  circle,  as  the  horns  of 
some  buffaloes,  or  as  the  claws  of  an  angry 
crab,  or  as  a  log  of  wood  or  plank  which  does 
not  curve  sufficiently  to  allow  of  its  being  used 
as  the  rib  of  a  boat ;  cf.  chekang  and  chapang. 

Chakap.  Able;  competent;  abihty;  to 
guarantee  the  ability  of  accomplishing  any- 
thing—hence, to  undertake,  and  (most  com- 
mon) to  talk.  Chakap-nya pim  berlebeh-lebehan : 
their  talk  is  self-praise  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  4. 

Terlangsong  perahu,   buleh   balek ; 
Terlangsong  chakap ,   t a' -buleh   balek: 

a  ship  once  launched  may  return  (to  the  build- 
ing yard),  but  a  word  once  uttered  cannot  be 
recalled;  Prov. 

Ch.  angin :  empty  boasting. 

Chakapkan  :  to  utter ;  to  undertake, 

Berchakap  :  to  be  talking ;  to  be  engaged  in 
conversation. 

Perchakapan :  words,  utterances. 

chakup.  Catching  in  the  open  mouth  as  a 
dog  catches  a  piece  of  biscuit  thrown  to  it ; 
cf.  cMhip  and  tangkup. 

chakok.  L  Slight  (  as  opposed  to  deep  ) 
notches  or  indentations  in  the  bark  or  trunk 
of  a  tree ;  cf.  takok, 

11.  (Kedah.)  Curving;  a  blow  given  at  a 
curve,  e,  g.,  with  a  gaff  or  hoe.  Golok  ch.  :  a 
curved  chopper.  Laksana  binatang  gajah,  matt 
di'chakok  best  ktmasa :  like  an  elephant,  killed 
by  a  blow  from  the  anhts;  (Pantun). 

chakah.  Wide,  of  an  angle  ;  forming  an  ob- 
tuse or  very  open  angle,  as  a  man's  legs  when 
he  is  taking  long  strides  or  as  the  blade  of  a 
changkul  when  it  slopes  forward  and  forms 
an  obtuse  angle  with  the  handle,  Cf.  cha- 
kang and  kopit. 


A 


chagut.     A  single  peck  of  a  fowl;  a  single 
*       tug  of  a  fish  at  a  line. 


^ 


Chagar.  1.  Relying,  trusting;  a  stand-by, 
(cf,  chadang);  (Malacca)  a  form  of  mortgage 
by  which  the  mortgagee  is  put  in  posession 
of  landed  property  and  receives  the  rents  in 
lieu  of  interest  on  the  sum  lent. 

11.     A  rapid. 


chagak.  The  mounting  of  a  lela  or  swivel- 
gun  ;  the  swivel  or  elevating  rod  upon  which 
a  gun  of  this  sort  rests;  Pel.  Abd.,  7,  69;  Ht. 
Raj.  Don.,  16. 


X\>.    chagu.     A  disease  of  the  toes 


^u 


A 


chalat.  To  draw  the  skin  forward  prepara- 
tory to  circumcision. 

chalit.  The  act  of  smearing  or  smudging, 
either  by  dipping  one's  finger  in  dirt  or  ink 
and  passing  it  over  anything  of  the  nature  of 
cloth  or  paper,  or  by  passing  the  finger  over  a 
drop  of  moist  dirt  or  ink  on  paper  and  so 
causing  it  to  spread ;  cf.  palit. 

Stidah  regang  jangan   di4ilit 

Taktit  putus   tali  ptmcha; 
Huruf  renggang  daw  at  ter chalit 

Ttilisan  changkis  susah  membacha : 

with  the  letters  wide  apart,  with  the  ink  all 
smudged,  with  the  writing  all  uneven  it  is 
difficult  to  read- 

Peiichalit:    a   kind   of    chisel    for    smearing 
solder  on  metal  work. 

chalar.  A  long  scratch  on  the  skin ;  a  linear 
scratch.  BercJialar :  scratched.  Cholar-cha- 
lar :  cross  scratches  or  cuts  made  in  bleeding 
or  for  opening  up  a  boil  or  abscess. 

chalus.     Slipped  off;  loosened,  of  string. 


ii\-».    chalang.     Pmchalang:  a   Bugis  perahu  with 
C  *       a  double  rudder;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XI,  75. 


c>V 


chaling.  I.  Cholang-chaling :  in  confusion 
or  disorder ;  in  a  tangle — as  nets  after  rough 
usage,  or  as  a  skein  of  thread.  Cholak-cha- 
ling;  id.  Mtdut  cholang-chaling:  confusion  of 
speech, 

II.  A  tusk, — a  variant  of  taring,  q.  v.;  Cr. 

III.  A  fence  with  prickly  sides;  C.  and  S. 


j^\>^    chalong.     I.     A  small  ladle  used  for  oil. 

II.  (Riau.)     Limau    chalong :    a    lime-fruit 
(unidentified), 

III,  Pisau  chalong :   a   small   knife   like  a 
pisau  wait* 

liW    chalak.     I.     Affectation;   conceited  talk;    an 
affected  manner  or  bearing. 

II,     Likely  to  take  place ;=  akanjadi. 


CHALOK 


[    247    ] 


CHAUNQ 


^V 


chalok.  I.  A  relish  or  saw 6^/  made  of  small 
prawns.     Also  chenchalok  and  menchaloL 

II.  A  chopper  with  a  curved  point  used  for 
cutting  down  brushwood. 

III.  To  rebound  out  of  a  hole  in  which  it 
is  intended  to  remain — of  coins  or  marbles 
in  children's  games. 

chalun.     To  argue;  to  discuss;  C.  and  S. 

chalu.  [Hind,  chalo.]  Begone!  be  off !  a 
colloquial  expression  used  in  the  Settlements 
to  order  a  person  off  the  premises.  In 
Penang  the  word  is  also  used  in  the  sense  of 
a  steamer  being  on  a  certain  run.  Chalu  Deli: 
the  Deli  run. 


•W    chamar.     A  sea-bird 


( unidentified ) .      Also 


J^ 


.w 


irV 


.u 


called  chemar  and  chenchamar. 

chamor.  (Kedah.)  The  act  of  scattering  or 
sowing  grain  or  any  similar  material  by  using  a 
swift  round-arm  motion  and  jerk — as  opposed 
to  dropping  it  in  small  quantities  here  and 
there  (tabor,  q.  v.),  or  throwing  it  forwards 
and  upwards  (ambor,  q.  v.).     Cf.  also  simbor. 

Chamang.  (Kedah.)  The  ferrule  at  the  base 
of  a  keris  sheath  when  that  ferrule  is  made  of 
gold  or  silver. 


Chameng.     A  shield ;   Ht.  Sh. ;— a  variant 
the  more  common  form,  tameng,  q.  v. 


of 


^\;>-  chamin.  Chamin-chamin : 
green  acid  fruits  used 
acidissima. 


j^^   chamau. 


a  small  tree 
in    curries, 


with 

dec  a 


A  kind  of  tree ;  a  generic  name  for 
tree-draccenas,  such  as  d.  maingayi  and  d,  an- 
gustifolia.     Also  called  chakmau. 

^\j>-    chana.     A   big   tree  with    masses    of  white 
flowers,  parinarumi  griffithiammi ; = chauar  ? 

y^    Chanar.     A  generic  name  for  the  trees  known 
as  smilax, 

Ch.  babi :  smilax  repanda,  Cr. 

Ch,  bokor:  smilax  leucophylla,  Cr. 


^ 


chanang.  I.  A  kind  of  gong;  the  ordinary 
gong  without  the  hemispherical  knob  in  the 
centre  and  with  a  shallow  rim.  Bawa  chanang 
taroh  biiwat  apa :  you  are  carrying  the  gong, 
why  keep  it  to  yourself;  you  have  important 
information,  why  make  a  mystery  of  it?  Prov. 
Chanangkan:  to  proclaim  by  beat  of  gong; 
to  make  a  fact  known  by  means  of  a  public 
crier  using  a  gong  to  call  the  people  together; 
Ht.  Abd.,  252;  Ht.  Bakht.,  71. 

11.  Two  pieces  of  bamboo  from  which  are 
suspended  the  cords  which  support  the  lease 
of  a  loom;  C.  and  S. 


III.  The  name  of  a  game  the  principal 
feature  of  which  consists  in  striking  a  short 
piece  of  stick  lying  on  the  ground  and  then 
striking  it  again  on  its  leaping  up  under  the 
influence  of  the  first  blow. 


iW    chanu.     A  tin  kettle  or  boiler;  Kl. 


.w 


cTjV 


chanai.  A  whetstone;  a  smooth  roller  in- 
tended to  give  a  fiat  surface,  e,  g,,  a  roller 
used  in  making  pastry;  the  process  of  smooth- 
ing or  polishing  by  means  of  a  wheel  or  roller, 
as  a  knife  is  sharpened  on  a  grindstone.  Keris 
beharu  di-chanai:  a  newly- sharpened  keris* 
Saperti  di-chanai  riipa-nya :  smooth  as  though 
it  had  been  artificially  polished  ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Pandai  ch, :  a  man  who  wastes  other  people's 
money;  Prov. 

Papan  ch,:  a  kind  of  smooth  hollow  cylinder 
with  a  slit  in  it  used  as  a  sort  of  gong  or 
sounding-board  for  calling  people  together. 
Terek  ch,:  a  bird,  oriolus  indicus. 


chawat.  A  loin  cloth  such  as  that  worn  by 
a  Tamil  coolie ;  a  garment  (such  as  that  of  a 
Sakai)  hanging  down  loosely  from  the  waist 
so  as  to  conceal  the  private  parts ;  any  vesture, 
even  of  an  elaborate  character,  which  is 
passed  between  the  limbs  and  fastened  at  the 
waist  on  either  side — as  in  the  case  of  the 
Siamese  dress.  Sa-ptdoh  kapal  datang  anjing 
berchawat  ekor  juga :  half  a  score  of  ships  may 
come  but  the  dogs  will  wear  no  loin  cloth  but 
their  tails;  the  fortunes  of  his  masters  little 
affect  the  miserable  lot  of  a  slave;  Prov.,  J, 
S.  A.  S.,  II,  143.  Anjing  tiyada  berchawat  ekor 
is  also  used  in  a  contemptuous  sense;  ''even  a 
dog  pays  no  attention  to  him,"  **even  a  dog 
will  not  look  at  her." 

Ch,  kereta  :  a  garment  for  children  in  arms. 

Kemtidi  ch, :  a  rudder  on  European  lines  in 
contradistinction  to  one  consisting  of  an  oar 
(kernudi  sepak)  at  the  stern. 

Berchawat  ttmggal:  wearing  only  a  single 
loin-cloth;  Ht.  Hamz.,  77. 

chaus.  Thin  by  emaciation,  as  the  features 
of  a  'starving  man ;  too  thin  in  parts — as  a 
plank  which  a  man  wishes  to  have  of  a  cer- 
tain thickness  throughout  and  finds  it  too 
narrow  in  some  places. 


waW    chawas.     An  oar  used  on  a  river  raft ;  C.  and  S. 

\j>.    chawis.     Jav.     Ready,  prepared.     Segala  ke- 

^^  "       iBngkapan   itti-ptm  chawis-lah  sudah :    all   the 

equipment  had  been  got  ready;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 

S-aW    chaung.     I.     Sunken,  of  the  cheeks,  as  the 
^    "       result  of  loss  of  teeth ;  cf.  chaus. 

IL     A  species  of  timber,  J.  S.  A,  S.,  VIIL, 


CHAWANG 


[    248    ] 


CHITARASA 


ih 


3,\ 


J^V 


03 


,w 


^^ 


w 


At 


ohawang.  A  branching-off;  dividing  into 
two  or  going  off  at  an  angle;  the  primary 
branches  of  a  tree;  forked.  Terus  met  ems 
iiyada  chawang-nya :  going  straight  to  the 
point,  not  going  off  at  a  tangent;  straight  not 
forked  ;  Sh.  Sri  Bun.,  77.  Hinggap  di-chawang 
pohtiii  g^haru:  perched  on  the  branch  of  a 
sandalwood  tree ;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  15.  Ta'- 
tentu  chawang  chakap :  you  cannot  tell  what 
direction  his  talk  will  take.  See  also  chabaitg^ 
of  which  this  word  is  a  variant, 

chawak.     I.     A  dimple. 
IL     A  leash. 


chaul.  Kain  chaid  : 
cummerbund  with  a 
Ind.  Jaya. 


a  shawl  w^th  a  fringe  ;  a 
fringe  at  the  end ;    Ht. 


chawan.  [Chin,  chhd-odn  ?  a  teacup.]  A 
small  cup  or  bowl  of  porcelain ;  a  cup  with- 
out a  handle.  Memiwangkan  sa-chawan  aycr 
tawar  dalam  laut :  to  pour  a  teacupful  of  fresh 
water  into  the  sea  (with  the  idea  of  removing 
its  saltness) ;  a  useless  attempt ;  Prov.,  Ht. 
Abd.,  357. 

Ch.  pinang :  a  small  metal  cup  used  for  put- 
ting areca-nut  into  and  so  called  because  of  its 
shape  being  like  that  of  a  Chinese  tea-cup. 

Chawi.  I.  (Johor,  Riau.)  The  bolt  which 
is  put  into  the  axle  of  a  wheel  to  prevent  its 
getting  loose;  (Singapore  and  Hindustani) 
chabi. 

II.  (Johor.)  The  name  of  a  kind  of  swift 
with  a  forked  tail.  Also  chechawi  and  chen- 
chawi, 

ohahar.  Purging;  diarrhoea;  watery  stools; 
fluidity  of  the  foeces. 

chayer.  Thin,  of  liquids ;  watery,  of  vis- 
cous substances.  Lumpor  chayer  :  thin  mud  ; 
mud  with  much  water  in  it.  Bttbor  yang  cha- 
yer:  thin  broth;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  115.  Langit 
runtoh  burnt  chayer :  if  the  sky  falls,  the  earth 
dissolves;  a  prince's  underlings  are  crushed 
by  his  Ml;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  IL,  157. 

chaing.  Picked  to  pieces — of  cloth;  sHced 
to  pieces,  of  meat ;  hashed ;  minced. 

chayu.  A  state  mattrass  or  divan  cushion. 
Usually  chiyu,  q.  v. 

chSbor.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  a  heavy 
body  falHng  into  water;  the  sound  of  a 
plunge ;  a  plunge.  MencMborkan  dirt :  to 
plunge  into  anything — as  a  scorpion  is  said  to 
plunge  into  surrounding  fire;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.; 
or  as  a  suicide  (by  suttee)  casts  herself  into 
the  flames  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Maka  gtmmig  itti- 
pun  ierchebor-lah  ka4engah  laut :  the  mountain 
fell  heavily  into  the  sea;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 
Jangan  terchebor  ka-dalam  apt  nuraka :  do  not 
let  yourself  be  hurled  into  the  fires  of  Hell ; 
Ht.  Best.     Cf.  also  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  54. 


Ch3bis.     A  tatter.     Sa-chebis  :  a  small  piece  ; 
a  rag  of  anything ;  cf.  chabir. 

chSbak.     I.     Excavating;    digging  by  strik- 
ing the  earth  with  a  heavy  sidelong  blow. 

II,     Chebak'Chebok :  (Onom.)    the   sound  of 
a  man  trampling  through  a  muddy  place. 

chSbek.     Pouting ;    to   pout ;    v.   chebil    and 
chebai, 

chSbok.     See  chebak. 


chSbil.     (Singapore.)     To  pout.     Also  chebek- 
chebai. 


O^    chSban.     A  kind  of  casuarina ;    KL,  Pijn. 

qp^    chSbai.      Chebek-chebai :     a   sulky  expression 
-   •       on  the  mouth  and   face;    pouting;    to  pout. 
Cf.  chebiL 

0-^>-  chat.  [Chin. chhat.]  Paint;  oil  paint.  Chat 
'  biru:  blue  paint;  woad;  Ht,  Abd.  481, 
Sapu  chat :  the  act  or  art  of  painting ;  paint- 
ing. Rumah  b^haru  disapu  chat:  a  newl}^- 
painted  house ;  a  proverbial  description  of  an 
old  dandy. 

Tukang  chat :   a  painter. 

C,,^    chit.     (Onom.)     The  twittering  or  squeaking 

*  noise  made  by  young  birds  in  a  nest   or  by 
mice.     Chok'Chit  and  chit-chit :  id.     Cf.  dechit. 

II.  (Kedah.)  A  word  of  command  used  to 
an  elephant  to  make  him  approach  or  sidle  up 
to  anything. 

vI-^>'    chut,     (Kedah.)      A   word  enjoining  silence ; 

*  an  interjection  meaning  ^^diyam.'" 

vJ^->*    chitta.     I.     [Skr.  chitta  or  chinta,]     Feeling, 
"       emotion.     Also  chita  and  chinta,  q.  v. 

II.  [Cf.  Hind,  chhinta.]  Chintz,  cotton 
prints ;  Ht.  Abd.,  104,  231,  354 ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.     Also  chita  and  kain  chita. 

Ch6t§ra.      I.      [Skr.    charitra.]      A   story,    a 
'       tale,  a  narrative.     Better  cMritera,  q.  v. 

II.  [Skr.  chhatra.]  A  kind  of  umbrella  or 
sun-shade  with  a  hanging  fringe.  This 
umbrella  is  borne  over  the  head  of  a  prince, 
and  is  an  emblem  of  rank. 

Raja  Acheh   berpayong  pawat, 
Payong  chUera  raja  di-Jnddah  : 

the  kings  of  Acheen  use  the  payong  pawat, 
and  those  at  Jeddah  the  payong  chetira ;  Sh. 
Bur,  Nuri,  30. 

The  payong  pawat  (or  bawat)  is  a  srriall 
umbrella  carried  in  the  train  of  a  prince  and 
not  borne  over  his  head. 

^\/v>'    chitarasa.     [Skr.  chitrarasa.]     Taste ;   plea- 
"^       sant  taste  ;  deliciousness. 


j/\>- 


CHfiTfiRAYA 


[    249    ] 


CHlilRAMAH 


iSy^    chStSraya.     [Skr.  kshatriya.]     A  warrior,   a 
"       member  of  the  princely  or  warrior  caste  ;  Ht. 
Pg.  Ptg.     Usually  cheteriya, 

^j^J>'    chStfiri.     L      [Skr.  chhatra ;    Hind,   chhatri,] 
"       A  tent  or  awning,  a  canopy,  the  awning  of  a 
boat. 


u 


11.     =  chet^riya,  q.  v. 

ch§t6riya.  [Skr.  kshatriya.]  A  kshatriya ;  a 
man  of  the  princely  or  warrior  caste ;  a 
warrior ;  Sej.  Mai.,  36,  94  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

chStas.  (Onom.)  A  sound  such  as  that 
made  in  lighting  a  match  by  friction. 

Chfitus.  (Onom)  =:  chetaSy  but  duller.  Chettis 
apt :  to  strike  a  light. 


X..>-    chStai.     I.     A  torn    or    I'agged    appearance. 
-    "       Berchetauchetai :  torn ;  ragged. 

n.     A  kind  of  small  chopper  like  a  beliyong. 


iS^ 


chSti.  Tam.  A  Chetty ;  a  Hindu  money- 
lender ;  a  member  of  the  money-lending 
caste ;  a  usurer.  Di-pegang  cheti  :  in  the 
hands  of  money-lenders,  of  property  ;  Sh. 
Kumb.  Chumb,,  19. 


^X^    Chgchawi.     A  bird  of  the  swift  type,  with  a 
-  -^  ^  *       long  forked  tail ;  also  chenchawi  and  chawt. 


chSchap.     The  tasting  of  a  liquid  by  dipping 
^ '       one's   finger   into   it   and    then   applying  the 
finger  to  the  Hps. 


^ 


chSchak.      I.      The    common    house-lizard. 

Also  chichak,  Saperti  chechak  makaii  kapor : 
like  a  lizard  eats  lime  (the  lime  used  in  betel- 
chewing)  ;  with  delight  ;  with  avidity  ; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  60. 

Ch.  kubin  :  the  flying-lizard. 

Ch.  tekek  :  the  gekko  or  gecko. 

Kepala  ch, :  the  lizard's  head,  a  name  given 
to  the  shoulder  or  corner  of  the  keris  blade 
near  the  handle. 

II.  Ktiching  chechak, :  a  cat  with  spotted  or 
striped  markings  of  black  on  a  dark  grey  skin ; 
cf.  r^chak  and  cherechak,  Harimau  belang 
chechak :  a  leopard  with  very  small  and 
numerous  spots.  Siptit  belang  chechak :  a 
shell,  terebra  mascaria. 


j^^    chuchlinda.     A  respectful  or  endearing  form 
V  *       of  chtichti,  grandson. 


chSchah.  I.  The  act  of  steeping  a  pen  in 
ink ;  sticking  (anything)  in  liquid  and  then 
withdrawing  it.     Also  chichak, 

II.     Sa-chechah  :   a  moment ;  =:  sa-bentar. 


\jJu>-  chidgra,  I.  (Skr.  chhidm:  flaw.)  Flaw; 
defect ;  fault ;  a  deficiency ;  faulty.  Menda- 
tang'kan  chidira  bagai  diri-nya:  to  injure 
one's  reputation ;  to  do  anything  which  injures 
one's  reputation;  Ht.  Abd.,  477. 

Chachat  ch. :  a  slight  flaw  which  makes 
anything  fall  short  of  perfection ;  an  injury 
which  detracts,  in  however  small  a  degree, 
from  the  condition  of  any  article ;   v.   chachat, 

II.  Sleepy;  deep,  of  sleep.  Better 
ch end  era. 

III.  Quickly,  rapidly,  at  once  ;  Bint,  Tim., 
16  January,  1895.     Better  sigera, 

j^-b»-    chSdas.     To   smooth    an   irregular   twist    or 
plait  by  passing  a  rattan  over  it. 


9^    chSding.     Relatively   thin ;   thin   and   out  of 

^    '        condition — as  a  boy  who  does  not  put  on  flesh 

in  proportion  to  his  growth  in  other  respects. 


IJo"    chfidok.     Hollow;  sunken,  of  the  cheeks  and 
eyes. 

^■>-    chir.     I.     Chir-chir:  a  kind  of  bell;   KL,  Pijn. 

IL     (Onom.)      The    sound     made     by   the 
contact  of  cold  water  with  a  heated  surface. 

js^    chor.     (Onom.)     The  sound  of  rushing  water 
or  of  grain  pouring  out  of  a  sack. 

4j\^    chSrabah.     Ugly  (used  of  children  only). 

r;;\  j>.    chfiratok.     The      frequentative     of     chatok : 

sitting  or  squatting  in  a  row,  as  birds  on  a 
twig  or  telegraph  wire.  Penat-lah  sudah  dtidok 
cheratok  :  I  am  tired  of  squatting  in  line;  Sh. 
A.  R.  S.  J.,  5;  cf.  also  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  23. 

chSrachap.  Malay  castanets  consisting  of 
two  bamboos  which  are  beaten  against  each 
other;  Sej.  Mai.,  144;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  74; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata,  etc. 

chSrachak.  Sticking  upwards  in  points  ; — 
the  frequentativ^e  of  chachak,  Mencherachak  : 
to  appear  in  points  above  the  ground — of  a 
crop's  first  appearance;  cf.  menjarum  from 
jarum. 

chSrapong.  Foaming,  whitening  (of  drift- 
wood);   Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  11. 


JrW 


c?W 


Ch6rakin.     A  sort  of  medicine  chest  or  tray 
with  compartments  for  the  difi'erent  drugs. 


aJ\j>-    chSramah.     Talkativeness  ;  v.  rarnah 


32 


CH&BANA 


[      250      ] 


chSsranggah 


0]/T 


jW 


chSrana.  [Skr.  charana,]  A  kind  of  bowl 
or  deep  salver  in  which  are  placed  the  various 
vessels  containing  the  various  requisites  for 
betel-chewing. 

Menyorongkan  cherana :  to  pass  round  the 
betel-nut  tray. 

Sireh  sa-cherana  :  a  sireh-hov^l ;  a  bowlful  of 
betel-chewing  requisites. 

Bekas  pinang  is  the  w^ord  most  commonly 
used  in  colloquial  language,  but  cherana  is  the 
literary  word  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  30,  416 ;  Ht.  P. J. P. ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  Sh.  Raj.  Haji,  184;  Sh.  Sri 
Ben.,  25 ;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  23,  etc. 

chSrani.  A  rich  kind  of  cloth  or  muslin  used 
for  bed-curtains;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg, 


Oa\*>-    ch6rawat.      [Skr.  chakraz^at,] 
^^'       fire;  KL,  Pijn. 

^  j>-    chSrSbis.     Slipping   over    the 


An 


arrow 


of 


^^J^ 


edge  of  any- 
thing— as  a  man  falls  from  a  slippery  log 
when  he  walks  too  close  to  the  edge  of  it. 

Charbi  or  chSrSbi.  [Hind,  charbi.]  Grease 
used  for  cleaning  or  lubricating  machinery 
or  brass-work. 


\jc^    chSrat.     I.      A    plug-hole;    a   hole    made    to 
^^      allow  of  the  passage  of  liquid  on  a  plug  being 
withdrawn. 


II.     (Riau.)       The 
formula ;  v.  chiri. 

^P^   cherit    I.    (Onom.) 
-^      shriek ;  cf.  jerit. 


chiri 


or      coronation 


A  sharp  shrill   cry  or 


C^jrT 


\pjPT 


V-/r 


11.  (Onom.)  Squirting  out  (used  especially 
of  foecal  matter).  Chenit-chertt:  id., — intensi- 
fied. 

chSrut.  I.  Held  fast  down;  tightly  com- 
pressed; compression  as  on  the  neck  of  a 
man  hanged  (but  ktijnt  is  more  correct  in 
this  special  sense) ;  the  compression  caused 
by  the  tight  garments ;  fastening,  tying. 

II.  A  cheroot.     Also  cherutti  and  serutu, 

III.  Menchirui:  (Trengganu)  to  cut  with 
the  sickle ;  =  (Riau,  Johor)  menyabit.  Pisati 
phicherut :  a  sickle. 

IV.  See  cherit,  II. 

chfiritSra.  [Skr.  charitraJ]  A  tale,  a  narra- 
tive, Tuwan  yang  empunya  cheritera  mi :  the 
author  of  this  tale ;  the  editorial  **  we." 

Cheriterakan  :  to  narrate ;  Ht.  Abd.,  14,  102, 
126.     MencheriUrakan  :  id.;  Ht.  Abd.,  62,  102. 

The  forms  cherita  and  chitera  also  occur. 

chSrficha.  [Skr.  charch,]  Abuse ;  insult ; 
reviling.  Kena  cherecha  pctang  pagi :  to  be 
abused  evening  and  morning — as  a  child  in 
the  hands  of  an  ill-tempered  mother.  Di- 
cherecha-nya  akan  baginda :  he  abused  the 
king;  Ht.  Best. 

The  form  chevechak  also  occurs. 


chSrfichap.     L     Springing  on  the  surface  of 
the  water,  as  prawns  or  small  fish. 


II.     Cherechap'cherechtip : 
sound  of  people  masticating. 


(Onom.)        The 


>y>-    chSrgchup.     See  chMchap,  II. 


t^j^  chgrgchak.  I.  Slightly  pock-marked  (much 
pock-marked  being  mopeng).  Muka-nya  chere- 
chak  terlalu  ramah :  his  face  was  dotted  with 
many  slight  pock-marks;  Sh.  Peng.,  18. 

II.  [Skr.  char ch.]  Insult,  abuse,  revihng  ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  Ill,  112;  Ht.  Gh.;  Ht,  Md.  Hanaf., 
59.     Better  cherecha,  q.  v. 


oy^jT 


ch^ridawan.  I.  (Riau.)  The  noise  of 
many  people  calling  to  each  other ;  the  sound 
of  many  children  crying ;  the  cries  of  fowls  or 
animals,  if  loud  and  numerous;  vocal  (as 
distinct  from  instrumental)  sounds  or  music. 

II.     (Kedah.)     A  tree  the  sap  of  which  is 
used  as  an  eye-medicine. 


^J^    cherMas.     I.    (Kedah. 
flogging  buffaloes. 


A   whip    used   for 


3^j=T 


n.     Foolish  or  misplaced  cunning;  crafti- 
ness which  overreaches  itself. 


chgredek  or  chfirdek.  Intelligence ;  quick- 
ness of  apprehension  ;  brightness  of  intellect ; 
quick-witted — the  converse  of  bodoh  (heavy- 
w^itted).  Yang  mendatanghan  cheredek  bagi 
orang  yang  tncmbacha  diya :  sharpening  the  wits 

427. 


of  all  who  read  it ;  Ht.  Abd. 


t/r 


chSrar.     Handsome,  fine ;  usually  bagns, 

chgrang.  I-  A  part  of  the  forest  where  the 
foliage  overhead  is  less  dense  than  usual  and 
allows  more  light  to  penetrate,  cf.  terang ;  a 
clearing.  Pelandok  di-cherang  rimba :  a  dwarf- 
deer  in  a  clearing ;  a  proverbial  simile  for  a 
bewildered  person;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  96. 

Pergi  ka-kampong  potong  tuba, 

Hhidak   tuba  anak   ikan; 
Punggok   berbunyi  di-cherang  rimba 

Gila  chehaya  pttrnama   bnlan* 

the  note  of  the  punggok  is  heard  in  the  thinner 
parts  of  the  forest  when  it  is  infatuated  with 
the  brilliancy  of  the  full  moon. 

II.  Cherong-cherang :  (Onom.)  The  sound 
of  ornaments  such  as  brass  bracelets  or 
anklets  knocking  against  one  another  as  their 
wearer  moves. 

chSrong.     See  cherang,  II. 

Chfiranggah  or  chSronggah.  Branching  in 
all  directions  into  points — as  the  horns  of  a 
deer  of  many  tine. 


CHfiRUP 


[    251    ] 


CHEROBOH 


uJ^  chgrup.  L  (Onom. )  The  sound  of  a 
number  of  connected  bodies — such  as  the  links 
(of  a  chain)  running  over  or  down  any  surface. 

IL  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  an  animal  lap- 
ping up  water.  The  word  is  also  applied  to 
the  sound  of  Chinese  swallowing  hot  broth. 

vi^  ch^rSpa.  L  Greeting  a  person  at  the 
entrance  of  a  house ;  rushing  forward  to  greet 
him ;  cf.  terepa. 

11.  A  receptacle  for  betel  and  for  any  small 
articles.     Also  chelepa. 


^. 


5^    ch6rpelai.      Tam.      A  mongoose;   Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  126. 


ji^  chSrdpu.  Tam.  Sandals;  clogs.  Cherepu 
pun  tiyada  di-pakai  marika-itti :  they  wore  no 
sandals;  they  went  barefooted;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
120.  Kayu  di'beli  di-buwat  cherepu :  they 
bought  wood  to  make  clogs;  Sh.  Raj.  Haji, 
184. 

The  word  is  also  used  metaphorically  (cf. 
Kaus  and  didi)  to  signify  royal  power  or  majesty 
by  suggesting  the  relative  position  of  a 
sovereign  and  of  the  subject  beneath  his  feet. 
Stivat  dart  bawah  chcrcpii  raja  langit  datang 
ka-atas  mahkota  raja  Melaka :  a  letter  from 
( below  the  shoes  of)  the  King  of  Heaven  to 
(above  the  crown  of )  the  King  of  Malacca — a 
form  of  words  claiming  suzerainty  or  great 
superiority  for  the  Emperor  of  China  over  the 
ruler  of  Malacca ;  Sej.  Mai.,  151.  Sembah-ku 
ka-bawah  cherepu  baginda :  I  pay  my  respects 
to  the  dust  beneath  Your  Majesty's  feet ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb. 

Menjunjong  ch, :  to  do  obeisance  to,  to  do 
homage  to,  to  obey;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  72,= 
menjunjong  duli. 


A  salt-water  fish  ( unidentified ) ; 


43>>-    chSrfepoh. 
^"       Kl. 

r  j>.  chSrok,  I.  Any  hollow  space  comparatively 
hidden  away — as  the  space  under  a  table  or 
under  an  almeirah  or  between  two  boxes 
placed  fairly  close  to  one  another ;  a  hidden 
nook;  a  cranny;  an  out-of-the-way  corner;  a 
valley  or  hollow  between  two  adjacent  spurs 
of  a  mountain. 

CA.  mencherok  or  ch.  mhiyerok :  to  search 
every  nook  and  corner;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  4. 
Terbiiwang  ka-cherok  :  thrown  away  in  a  nook 
or  corner.  Mengaleh  kain  payah  juga  ka-cherok, 
tnengaleh  chakap  di-mata-mata  sehaja :  to 
change  one's  clothes  one  must  take  the  trouble 
of  going  into  a  hidden  corner,  but  to  break 
one's  word  needs  no  concealment ;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
II.,  160. 

Ch.  belakang :  the  corner,  at  the  stern  of  a 
boat. 

Ch.  dapor :  the  corner  of  the  kitchen  where 
firewood,  brooms  and  dirty  utensils  are  kept. 
Pergi  dudok  ka-cherok  dapor :  go  and  sit  where 
the  dirty  things  are  kept ; — an  insult. 


Ch.  gunong :  a  hollow  or  depression  between 
two  spurs  of  a  mountain. 

Ch.  hiwan  or  ch,  haluwan :  the  corner  in  the 
bows  of  a  boat  or  ship. 

II.     A  bamboo  funnel  used  in  milking. 

U^J^  chgrSgas.  Reliable  for  rapidity  and  excel- 
lence of  work — as  a  workman  ;  trustworthy 
—of  a  man  who  does  not  take  advantage  of 
want  of  supervision;  sturdiness — in  a  child; 
hard  and  resisting  (of  a  child's  limbs  when 
pressed)  in  contradistinction  to  limpness  and 
flabbiness  in  a  w^eak  child. 

iV^    chgrSlang.     L     Glittering;   the  radiation  of 
^  "       light ;  better  chemerlang,  q.  v, 

IL  Wide  open  and  rolling — of  the  eyes; 
the  expression  assumed  by  a  Kling  when  he 
washes  to  frighten  a  child;  cf.  terbeliyak, 
which  is  applied  to  a  fixed  stare  of  the  widely 
opened  eyes. 

C-.v^J>-    cheremat.      Care;     attention;     delicacy    of 

'       touch  in  work;  neat  in  one's  labours  or  dress; 

Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  117 ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  44, 

Iaj>-    cheremak.     To  charm ;  to  cast  a  spell  over 
anyone ;  Kl. 

^j-^    cheremin  or  chermin.      Mirror;    looking- 
glass. 

Ch.  mata:  the  pupil  of  the  eye;  an  eye-glass; 
spectacles;  Ht.  Si  Misk.,  62. 

Ch.  teropong :  the  lens  of  a  telescope ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  452. 

Ikan  ch. :  a  fish  (unidentified) ;  Pel.  Abd.,  142. 


;6? 


Ch6remai.  A  tree  yielding  a  small  round 
acid  fruit,  phyllanthtis  distichus ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
Ch.  ant  an  :  ^lochidion  obscurnm. 


ChSrena,      [Skr.    chuma.] 
gested,  of  food. 


Assimilated ;    di- 


chfiranchang.  Fixed  ;  resting,  or  lying  with 
the  blade,  point  or  sharp  side  turned  upwards 
— e.  g.y  of  pieces  of  glass  on  the  top  of  a 
prison  wall,  or  as  caltrops;  Ht.  Abd.,  58,  344; 
Pel.  Abd.,  58. 


A j>-    chSrau.     (Onom.)     A  sound  such  as  that  of 

^    *       heavy  rain  or  of  water  falling  into  water,  or 

of  much  paddUng,  or  of  rice  pouring  on  a  mat. 

4ja  j>-    chSroboh.     Coarse;  rough;  vulgar;  boorish; 
*       improper;  indelicate;  immodest  in  word  or 
action. 

Ka-sana   ka-mari  langgar  dan  rempoh^ 

Apa  yang  kena  habis-lah   roboh; 
Sadikit  marah  Mndak   rnimelupohf 
Ini'lah  perbtmatan   sangat   cheroboh  : 

to  go  rushing  and  upsetting  on  this  side  and 
that,  to  knock  over  all  which  happens  to 
come  in  your  weiy,  to  wish  to  crush  anything 
on  the  least  provocation—all  this  is  the 
coarsest  roughness  of  conduct;  Sh.  Nas.,  9. 


ch£rubah 


[  252  ] 


CHANG 


*^ji^^  chSrubah.  A  weapon  (unidentified  but  still 
remembered  by  name  in  Kedah) ;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah. 

^3J^  chfirotok.  Bercherotok :  to  squat  in  a  row,  as 
disciples  at  their  master's  feet ;  vSh.  Ul., 
10.     Usually  cheratok^  q,  v. 

^3J^    chSrutU.      Cigar;    cheroot.      Minum   ck:   to 
*        smoke ;  Ht.  Abd.,  133.     Also  cherut  and  serutu, 

^— ^^■JL^  Chfiruchup.  A  burr;  a  kind  of  love  grass. 
Lembing  saperti  chenichup :  spears  (sticking 
up  in  all  directions)  like  love  grass. 

,3?'Jt^  chSrochok.  I .  The  frequentative  of  chnchok ; 
sticking  out  horizontally — of  spears  and  points 
generally ;  cf.  cherachak, 

11.  A  noisy  instrument  consisting  of  a 
bunch  of  oyster  shells  shaken  together  and 
used  to  drive  fish  into  going  in  the  desired 
direction. 


'^J^J^    chSrorot.     The  musk  rat ;    better  chenchnrut 
and  tikus  ttiri  or  tiktis  kesturi. 


chSrah.  I.  Clearness;  transparency,  as  the 
result  of  there  being  nothing  to  impede  the 
view ;  emptiness.  Tiyada  berhenti  cherah  chu- 
wacha  sapirti  siyang :  it  did  not  cease  to  be  as 
bright  as  day;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Chehaya-nya 
cherah :  it  was  of  transparent  brilliancy — of  a 
gem  of  very  pure  water;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  87. 
Cherah  lapang :  blank  and  empty;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah.  Terang'lah  kalbu  abang  dan  cherah-lah 
durja  kakanda :  my  (lit.  your  brother's)  mind 
is  at  rest,  and  my  countenance  is  brightened 
— (literally)  free  of  anxious  expression ;  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub.  Fajar  cherah  :  the  day  broke,  the 
dawn  appeared;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard.  Cherah  mata 
liati :  the  eye  of  the  heart  ceased  to  be  dim- 
med ;  anxious  feelings  and  doubts  were  driven 
away;  Ht.  Best. 

n.     Cherah  pertit :    looseness  of  the  bowels  ; 
violent  diarrhoea. 


©;>-    chfireh.     The  fragments  or  rubbish  left  over 
after  work  ;  KL,  Pijn. 

o*>-    chSroh.     A   second   pounding   for  whitening 
'       rice. 

t5^  chSrai.  Separation  ;  severance ;  divorce.  Jika 
tiyada  ktdit  neschaya  cherai4ah  tidang-nya : 
were  it  not  for  the  skin  his  bones  would  have 
fallen  to  pieces;    Cr.  Gr.,  33.     Kurdn  itii  di- 

ttinin-nya  bircherai-cherai :  the  Koran  descend- 
ed in  separate  portions;  Mith.  Sar.,  19. 

Ch,  berai :  scattered  in  all  directions — as  a 
beaten  army;  Sej.  Mai.,  18;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata,  etc. 

Bercherai  dhtgan :  to  separate  from  ;  to  leave ; 
to  divorce;  Ht.  Abd.,  g,  133,  261.  Bercherai 
daripada :  id.;  Ht.  Abd.,  23,  163. 


^JT 


Mencheraikan :  to  separate  (any  person  or 
object  from  any  other  person  or  object) ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  448  ;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  13. 

Percheraiyan :  the  state  of  separation ; 
severance. 

Turn  an  kaseh,   sBhaya  pun   kaseh, 
Nasib   membawa  percheraiyan : 

you  love  and  I  love,  but  our  fates  have  decreed 
our  separation  ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 

Bidan  pencheraiyan  tahtm :  a  popular-  name 
for  the  month  Muharram. 

chfiri.     I.     A  fruit  (unidentified) ;  Kl. 

n.  Gelang  cheri :  (Hind,  churi :  a  glass 
bangle  ?)  a  kind  of  bracelet ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.; 
Ht.  Koris. 


V*^  chgriya.  I.  Cleared;  brightened,  of  the 
countenance ;  restored,  of  the  temper. 

n.     [Skr.  charya,]     Fidelity. 

■dj>"  chdrita.  I.  [Skr,  charitr a.]  A  story ;  a  tale ; 
a  narrative ;  a  colloquial  variant  of  cheritera, 
q.  V. 

n.  Keris  cherita  :  a  keris  of  Javanese  make. 
Its  blade  has  nine  or  more  curves  (lok)  in  it. 

ni.     Akar  cherita  :  a  medicinal  herb. 

d3v^^  chSriga.  I.  Always  on  one's  guard  ;  watch- 
fulness, of  a  man  who  never  allows  himself  to 
be  taken  in. 

n.  [Skr.  chhurika,]  A  cutlass,  a  broad- 
bladed  short  sword  or  dagger. 

^jlj^-  ch§rewet.  Fussiness,  as  that  of  a  man  who 
worries  his  servants  about  small  matters  and 
is  never  quite  satisfied. 

ij*^  chas.  I.  ChaS'Chns:  (Onom)  the  sound  of  a 
person  fussing  about  a  room,  or  going  in  and 
out  continually.  Jangan  chas-chus :  don't  go 
rushing  about ;  keep  still. 

n.  Boasting,  bragging,  blowing  one's  own 
trumpet. 

^j**>-  chis.  An  interjection  expressive  of  somewhat 
contemptuous  denial ;  =  cheh,  in  meaning, 
but  more  vulgar  in  application. 

^j^    Chus.     I.     See  chas. 

n.  An  interjection  imperatively  enjoining 
silence  ;  shut  up  ! — used  to  inferiors  only. 

i>-    chang.     I.    Carrying  on  the  back  as  practised 
^'       by  children  playing  at  horses  ;  sitting  astride. 

n.     A  shrill  treble.     Better  menggeranchang. 

HI.  [Chin,  tsang.]  Kuweh  chang:  a  Chi- 
nese cake. 

IV.  [Chin,  imn.']  A  square  net  on  a  bam- 
boo frame  ;  it  is  lifted  out  of  the  water  to 
catch  fish. 

V.  (Kedah.)     The  panniers  on  an  elephant. 

VI.  Rapid  sentry-go ;  walking  up  and 
down  quickly. 


CHENG 


[    253    ] 


CHANQKONG 


& 


Cheng  or  ching.  I.  (Onom.)  A  sharp 
ringing  sound  ;  the  chink  of  falling  coins;  cf. 
deching. 

II.  (Riau.)  Ching'Ching :  a  noise  for  call- 
ing a  cat. 

III.  Ching-ching  :  a  musical  instrument. 

IV.  Ching'ching  :  the  name  of  a  dance. 

chengcheng  or  chingching.  I.  See  ching 
II,  III  and  IV. 

11.  Tucking  up,  rolling  up,  as  one  tucks 
up  one's  sleeves  before  setting  to  work ;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg.     More  commonly  sengseng,  q.  v. 


Ill-starred  ;  an  unlucky  part ; 
the  foreskin.  Membimang  ch.  :  to  drive  away 
ill  luck ;  circumcision. 


^^j>.   changgrai 


chSngis.  A  repulsive  odour  about  food ;  a 
smell  which  destroys  appetite ;  a  sulky  or  hard 
look  about  the  face.     Cf.  bengis. 


ii^    Chgngang.     Astonishment ;    bewilderment  at  ; 

CI  *        an  unexpected  occurrence.  i 

Terchengang  :  bewildered  ;  dazed;   Ht.  Abd.,  I 

52,  54-  _  ! 

Berchengang-chengangan  :  in  astonishment —  | 

of  a  number  or  crowd  ;  Sh.    Bur.  Pung.,  8  ;  | 

Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  44.  ! 

jJu>-    chgngong.      Looking    fixedly    at    anything,  | 
^  *       gazing  in  open-mouthed  astonishment.  ; 


Chgngap.  Catching  in  the  mouth  ;  seizing 
with  the  jaws,  as  a  tiger  or  alligator  seizes 
its  prey  ;  puffing  ;  panting ;  gasping  for 
breath,  as  a  fish  out  of  water. 


4lij>-    chongpoh.     [Chin,  ts6ng-phd\']  A  cook.    Also 
*       chompoh, 

;  j^SvL>-  chgngkarok.  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  kind  of  cake 
made  of  boiled  rice  eaten  with  coco-nut  and 
sugar. 

\^^i>-    chfengkala.     (Johor.)     When,     whenever ;  — 
niana-hala, 

jlKL>-  Chgngkalak.  Cast  aside  unfinished,  as  a 
work  which  shows  no  likelihood  of  turning 
out  successful;  cast  aside  in  a  tangle  or 
muddle.  Also  chongkang  kelalak  and  songsang 
kelalak, 

cSJu>'    Changkat.     L     A  shallow  such  as  is  caused 
"       by  a  mud  bank  in  a  river  or  along  the  coast. 

11.  Low;  gently  rising,  of  ground;  a  low 
hillock.  Changkat  sama  di-daki :  we  have 
climbed  the  hill  together;  we  have  been 
companions  in  difficulty;  Prov.  Changkat 
dan  gimong  :  hills  and  mountains  ;  Ht.  Raj. 
Don.,  50. 


\<^ 


s\j^>JU>- 


^J 


S.ij>- 


f/k 


changkir.  I.  A  small  glass  cup  of  Arabian 
design  ;  Muj.,  64 ;  Kam.  Kech.,  10. 

IL     See  chongkar. 

chdngkor.  A  medicinal  herb  (kampferia 
galanga  ?)  Also  chekor,  q.  v. 

chongkar.  Chongkar-changkir  :  of  all  sizes 
and  shapes,  as  the  component  parts  of  a  heap 
of  firewood. 

Ch6ngk§ra.  An  unnatural  (hollow  and  dark) 
appearance  of  the  eyes,  as  when  a  man  suffers 
from  sleeplessness. 

ch§ngk6rama.  [Skr.  changkrama,]  Spread- 
ing over  a  large  area,  as  news.  Also  ching- 
kerema,  q.  v. 

ch§ngk§ret.  A  cricket ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 
Better  chcngkerek,  q.  v. 

chSngkfereng.  I.  A  tree  with  orange- 
coloured  flowers,  erythrina  stricta, 

Rumput  ch, :  a  common  weedy   herb   with 
small  white  flowers,  hedyotis  glabra, 

II.     An   abscess   of  a    fatal    or    dangerous 
character. 


OJ- 


SJi:>- 


oy 


^ 


LT' 


SsJL^ 


tl>Jl:>- 


chSngkgrek.     A  species  of  cricket ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Beradtt  ch.  :  to  make  these  crickets  fight. 

chgngkfiram.     Earnest-money. 

chengkSrema.  [Skr.  changkrama,']  Moving 
over  an  area  ;  spreading — as  news ;  wander- 
ing. Di-Mclayu  belnm  berchengkerema  :  which 
has  not  yet  spread  to  the  Malay  language,  of 
a  tale  still  untranslated  into  Malay ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  157.  Tempat  pergi  bermain  dan  ber- 
chcngkerema :  a  place  for  games  and  strolls ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata.     Also  chengkerama. 

chSngkfiran.  A  portable  stove  of  earthen- 
ware. 

changkis.  (Penang.)  Uneven,  of  hand- 
writing ;  =  changkehy  q.  v. 

changkeng.  Lifting  by  or  with  the  elbows 
or  upper  arm,  as  a  boy  is  sometimes  lifted 
off  his  legs;  the  name  given  to  a  rope  for 
giving  the  required  angle  to  the  yard  of  a 
cutter  sail. 

changkong.  Sitting  on  the  ground  with 
one's  feet  drawn  close  to  the  body  and  one's 
knees  in  the  air. 

Ch.  bMongkat  dagu :  to  so  sit  with  one's 
knees  supporting  one's  chin. 

Ch,  pelok  lutut :  to  so  sit  with  one's  arms 
round  one's  knees. 


GHiNGKANG 


[    254    ] 


CHONGKfiLANG 


jSS^ 


cfH" 


chSngkang.  I.  Wakeful;  sleepless,  of  eyes 
that  will  not  close  although  their  possessor 
desires  to  sleep. 

IL  Barring  the  passage,  as  a  man  standing 
with  a  hand  on  each  door  post ;  =  sengkang, 
except  that  sengkang  is  used  of  inanimate 
objects,  and  chengkang  of  living  beings. 

II L  The  posture  of  a  man  who  claps  his 
hands  against  his  sides,  thumb  foremost ;  cf. 
bertelekan  and  (Bencoolen)  berselekan, 

Berchengkang  pinggang :  with  their  waists 
held  fast  together, — used  of  two  opposing 
warriors  who  fasten  themselves  together  so 
that  one  or  other  must  die,  being  unable 
to  escape;  Ht.  Koris;  Ht*  Sh.  Kub.  The 
form  berchekak  pinggang  is,  however,  more 
common. 

Chengkeng.     See  chengkong. 

chSngkong.  L  Hollow;  sunken,  of  the 
eyes  and  face  generally.  Pipi-nya  chengkong 
sadikit :  his  cheeks  were  somewhat  sunken ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  86.  KuruS'ktcrus  dengan  tuboh, 
chengkong  dengan  muka :  thin  in  body,  hollow- 
looking  in  face ;  Ht.  Abd.,  37. 

Ch,  leher :  the  hollow  at  the  base  of  the  neck 
just  above  the  chest. 

Ch.  mengkong:  very  hollow;  in  many  hollows, 
of  a  very  emaciated  countenance. 

II.  Chengkong'Chengkeng :  eternally  snarling 
and  fighting,  of  dogs. 

Chongkang.  Clwngkang  kelalak :  topsy-turvy, 
at  sixes  and  sevens ;  muddled  up,  of  a  work 
which  has  been  mismanaged  so  as  to  necessi- 
tate its  abandonment.  Also  songsang  kelalak 
and  chengkalak, 

chongkeng.  Sticking  out  in  all  directions, 
as  the  points  of  caltrop,  or  as  the  weapons  of 
armed  men  grappling  with  each  other  and 
rolling  on  the  ground ;  Ht.  Sh. 


,^_j^i_^    changkup.      Scooping   off    food    into    one's 
'       mouth  with  the  palm  of  one's  hand ;  eating 
by  using  the  palm  instead  of  the  fingers ;  cf. 
tangknp, 

"Ssk^  Changkok.  I.  A  kind  of  crook  ;  a  pole  with 
an  iron  hook  at  the  end.  Ch,  best :  an  iron 
crook  for  managing  elephants ;  Pel.  Abd.,  70. 
Berchangkok :  crooked. 

II.  A  flower  (unidentified)  dried  and  used 
as  a  medicine. 

III.  A  native  method  of  grafting  trees. 

IV.  A  Chinese  lamp  made  of  tin. 

V.  Inaccurate  talk,  as  when  a  man  uses 
technical  expressions  which  he  does  not 
understand ;  talking  ignorantly. 


lP^ 


J^^ 


Cr^ 


j^ 


^si> 


chengkok.  (Penang.)  Twisted ;  zigzag ; 
bent.  Chengkok'beledok :  very  zigzag.  Cf. 
bengkoky  bikn,  and  chelengkok. 

chengkek  or  chingkek.     Thin  in  the  centre, 

thick  at  the  extremities — of  pillars,  pieces  of 
wood,  etc. 

chongkak.     I.    Pride;  haughtiness;  arrogant; 

contemptuous.  Senjata  itn  mendatangkan 
chongkak  dan  kebesaran  dan  inalas:  (the 
wearing  of)  weapons  gives  rise  to  a  proud, 
domineering  and  idle  character;  Ht.  Abd., 
259.     Cf.  bongkak, 

II.  A  generic  name  for  the  class  of  shells 
cyprcea, 

Ch.  baiduri  :  cyprcea  caput  serpentis, 

Ch.  KMah  :  cyprcea  mauritiana, 

Ch.  panjang  :  cyprcea  testndmaria. 

Ch.  puteh  :  ovidum  ovum. 

Ch.  batek  and  ch.  telor :  unidentified  species 
of  cyprcea. 

Main  chongkak :  a  game  played  with  these 
shells.  Papan  ch. :  the  board  used  in  this 
game, — a  long  oval  board  with  a  number  of 
holes  scooped  in  it  to  receive  the  shells. 

changkal.  Deep  (of  water) ;  Ht.  Raj.  Bdk., 
27. 

changkul.     A  native  pick  or  hoe;   Ht.  Abd., 
63,  181. 
Menchangkul :  to  dig  with  this  pick,  to  hoe  ; 
Ht.    Abd.,    236.      Menyangkul :   (Kedah)  id. ; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

chungkil.  The  use  of  a  pointed  instrument 
for  probing  and  extracting  foreign  bodies 
from  anything — e,  g.,  as  one  uses  a  tooth- 
pick ;  the  process  being  to  drive  the  instru- 
ment under  the  foreign  body  and  then  to 
apply  leverage  upward.  Di-suroh  chungkil 
keduwa  belah  niata-7iya :  he  ordered  the  man's 
eyes  to  be  gouged  out ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  379. 

Ch.  gigi:  picking  the  teeth;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
41;  a  toothpick;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard.  Penchtmg' 
kit  gigi :  a  toothpick ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

chSngkSla.  [Skr.  janggdla.]  Wild,  apper- 
taining to  the  forest ;  a  wild  beast ;  Ht.  Koris. 
Better  jenggala. 

chSngkfiling.  Intertwined;  interlaced;  hook- 
ing one  into  another — especially  of  the  fingers 
when  the  bent  forefinger  of  one  hand  is 
hooked  on  the  bent  forefinger  of  the  other ; 
crossed,  of  the  arms  or  legs.  Cf.  shigktling 
and  sengkelit. 


iifCL*-    chongk61ang.    Jav.  To  gallop. 


CH^NGKAM 


[    255    ] 


CHONGGAH 


^ 


chSngkaiXl.     Gripping    (a   broad   object)    be- 
tween finger  and  thumb. 

Ch.  kera :  a  strong  fastening  by  repeatedly 
passing  a  piece  of  string  across  both  diagonals 
of  the  junction  of  two  laths  or  posts  at  right 
angles  to  each  other. 

Penchcngkam :  the  knots  in  a  mattrass ;  the 
fastenings  which  pass  through  a  mattrass  at 
regular  intervals  to  maintain  an  even  thick- 
ness throughout. 

j^i:>-    chSngkau.     Reaching  forward  and  grasping, 
clutching  at  (anything) ;  also  chekmi,  q.  v. 


(5j^A>-    chgngkurai. 


I.     A  silk  fabric. 


II.  Bcrchenghirai :  breaking  up  into  frag- 
ments ;  crumbling  to  pieces.     Cf.  urai, 

^SJts>^    chSngkuwas.     I.      (Johor.)      Unkempt    and 
"        uncared  for  hair  on  the  face ;   a  scrubby  pair 
of  whiskers. 

II.  To  carry  a  bundle  at  the  end  of  a  stick; 
to  carry  a  weight,  by  means  of  a  stick  over 
the  shoulder,  one  end  of  the  stick  supporting 
the  weight,  the  other  end  being  held  in  the 
hand ;  to  carry  off,  rob,  or  abduct. 


Chengkolong.  The  withdrawal  of  a  small 
quantity  of  anything  from  a  large  reserve  of 
the  same ;  drawling  on  a  banking  account  or 
on  a  deposit — as  opposed  to  the  withdrawal 
of  the  whole  deposit  (borong). 


^Ti 


jiSS^ 


changkeh.  Crooked ;  uneven ;  irregular  in 
shape.  Chongkah'Changkeh :  id.  (intensified). 
Also  (Penang)  changkis.     Cf,  chongkah. 

chengkeh.  The  clove  spice,  eugenia  caryo- 
phylla  ;  Muj.,  47.     Buwah  chengkeh  :  a  clove. 


chengkeh.  (Kedah.)  Walking  on  the  side 
of  one's  foot.  Berjalan  chengkeh  haw  up :  to 
walk  gingerly  along,  as  a  man  suffering  from 
a  sore  on  his  foot. 

chongkah.  Sticking  out ;  sticking  up— of  a 
point ;  uneven ;  out  of  line.  Ch.  mangkeh  : 
sticking  out  in  all  directions ;  in  disorder — as 
a  house  out  of  repair;  Pel.  Abd.,  34.  Ch, 
changkeh :  id. 

Chengki.  [Chin.  ?]  A  run  of  luck  in  busi- 
ness or  gambling ;  an  attempt  to  win  luck  by 
exposing  the  symbols  of  a  wah-weh  lottery  at 
a  keramat  in  the  hope  that  the  presiding  spirit 
will  leave  some  mark  upon  the  lucky  number. 

chfingkelat.  Dirty,  unwashed, — especially  of 
the  abaimana.     Also  sengkelat, 

chSngkeleng.  [Eng.  ^  shilling.]  A  2o-cent 
piece.  The  word  **  shilling,"  (pronounced  as 
in  English)  is,  however,  more  commonly  used. 


viXi.>-    changga.     A  birth-deformity  or  disfigurement, 
*       Also  chenanggay  q.  v. 


C-Syi>- 


Chonggit  or  chunggit.  Hopping,  standing 
on  one  leg ;  see-sawing  or  jerky  progress. 
TerchunggiUchunggit :  hopping  about ;  moving 
about  in  short  quick  jumps.  Laksana  kedidiy 
di-manapantai  terchtmggit-chtmggit :  like  a  sand- 
piper, which  goes  hopping  about  wherever 
it  can  find  a  beach  ;  all  is  fish  that  comes  to 
his  net ;  Prov.     Chonggang-chonggit :  v,  chong- 


changgong.  I.  Awkwardness  in  appear- 
ance ;  want  of  harmony ;  incongruity ;  looking 
out  of  place.  Ch,  perkataan  or  ch*  jalan 
behasa :  clumsy  speech ;  the  use  of  collo- 
quialisms when  attempting  literary  effect ; 
bathos;  Ht.  Abd.,  6,  450.  Perempuwan  China 
itii  sa-benfar  di-Melaka  sa-bentar  di-Selat  tiyada- 
lah  menjadi  changgong  lagi :  that  Chinese 
women  should  be  at  Malacca  one  day  and  at 
Singapore  almost  immediately  after,  no  longer 
suggested  any  impropriety;  Ht.  Abd.,  281. 

I I .  Astonishment,  stupefaction ;  =^chengang. 
Terchanggong'Changgong  :  dumbfoundered ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

III.  A  snag,  a  sharp  projecting  stake  or 
bough  which  prevents  hasty  or  careless  ap- 
proach. Saperti  kera  dapat  changgong :  like  a 
monkey  which  has  struck  a  snag;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  96. 

chenggong.  Squatting  with  one's  head  be- 
tween one's  knees  with  nothing  to  do  or  to 
attend  to.     Also  tinggong. 

chonggang  or  chunggang.  Ch,  chonggit: 
an  up  and  down  motion  such  as  the  motion 
of  a  sandpiper's  tail  as  it  walks  about  on  a 
mudbank,  or  of  a  man  climbing  a  hill,  as  he 
appears  sometimes  bowed,  sometimes  erect, 
sometimes  on  all  fours ;  the  appearance  of 
a  Chinaman  kowtowing  before  an  idol,  etc. 
Also  chonggang'changgek.     Cf.  tonggang, 

,3Xi>-    changgek.     See  chonggang, 

^sis^    chenggek.      Berchenggek :    to    perch ;    better 


p6s.i>- 


bcrtenggek. 


4k^ 


changgah.  A  forked  stick  or  prop;  a  pole 
with  an  artificial  or  natural  fork  at  one  end — 
used  by  Malays  propelling  a  boat  up  river  by 
pushing  against  tree-boughs;  the  peculiar 
fork  used  for  pinning  amokers  to  a  wall. 
Berchajiggah :  to  pole  up  river  in  the  manner 
above  described.     Cf.  cheranggah. 

chenggeh.     (Kedah.)     Affected;  dandified. 

chonggah.  Sticking  out  unevenly,  out  of 
line.     Better  chongkah,  q.  v. 


CHANGGAI 


[    256    ] 


CHfePU 


Jl>. 


S^ 


>r 


changgai.  A  sort  of  artificial  finger-nail, 
usually  of  gold ;  a  nail  protector ;  an  orna- 
mental gold  finger-nail  worn  as  a  mark  of 
distinction;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  gg;  Ht.  Ism. 
Yat.,  30,  116;  Ht.  Koris;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  15. 

The  word  is  also  applied  to  the  nail  itself 
(Ht.  Perb.  Jaya),  and  to  the  curving  shoots 
from  the  stem  and  branches  of  climbing  plants 
which  enable  those  plants  to  adhere  to  a  tree 
or  trellis  work. 

Clu  bajang  or  cIl  puicri :  a  plant,  ahtonia 
macrophylla. 

Berdandan  ch. :  with  a  scroll-shaped  figure 
head — of  a  ship;  Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  10. 

chingge.  [Chin,  tsng-ge.]  The  ''  chingay  '* 
festival  among  the  Chinese  of  the  Straits ;  the 
great  symbolic  procession  w^hich  is  the  most 
important  feature  of  this  festival. 

ch6ngaL  A  kind  of  tree  yielding  an  excel- 
lent wood,  balanocarpus  maxtmm, 

Ch,  batti  or  ch,  baUi^  bukit :  a  tree,  melafwchyla 
maingayi. 

Other  varieties  of  trees  to  which  this  generic 
name  is  given  by  Malays  are: — ch,  bnnga,  ch, 
kampong,  ch,  heladi,  ch.  pay  a  and  ch,  tandok. 


twang 


chSngi.  A  slight  nasal  intonation  or 
such  as  is  associated  with  dialectic  differences 
of  pronunciation,  and  as  distinct  from  speak- 
ing through  the  nose  when  the  result  of 
physical  malformation  or  disease. 

chap.  I.  [Cf.  Hind,  chhap  :  id.]  A  seal ;  a 
printing-block;  a  die;  a  branding-iron  ( Ht. 
Abd.,  61);  anything  used  for  marking  by  im- 
pression. The  word  tera  is,  however,  used  of 
the  impression  on  coin  and  sometimes  of  the 
raja's  seal,  while  chap  is  confined  to  stamping 
with  colour  or  ink.  This  rule  is  not  universal, 
chap  being  used  even  of  the  impression  on  gold 
coins  (mohur)  in  the  Hikdyat  Bestaimnam. 

Membttboh  ch, :  to  affix  one's  seal ;  Ht.  Abd., 
loi.  Ttihang  ch,,  or  ttikang  dalam  pekerjaan 
ch,  :  a  printer;  a  man  employed  in  a  printing 
office;  Ht.  Abd.,  166,  167.  Perkakasan  ch. : 
for  printing:.  Ch,  batu :  litho- 
by  means  of 
metallic  tj^pe.  Ch,  kebajikan  dan  selamat 
sejahtera  :  the  seal  of  good  will,  of  safety  and 
prosperity;  Ht.  Abd.,  472.  Ch,  Ura  :  ^raja's 
official  seal. 

Mengichapkan :  to  publish ;  to  have  a  book 
printed;  Ht.  Abd.,  445, 

n.  A  measurement  of  thickness;  as  much 
as  can  be  enclosed  between  the  thumb  and 
index-finger  of  one  hand  w^hen  applied  to  the 
thumb  and  index-finger  of  the  other ;  a  small 
bundle  of  padi  stalks  for  transplanting.  Sa- 
chap  tangan  :  id. ;  =  ( Sumatran )  sa-chakap 
tangan  and  (  Batak  )  tiyop, 

III,  Chap'Chnp :  (  Onom. )  the  sound  of 
people  eating  soft  food  or  of  fish  splashing 
about  on  the  surface  of  the  water. 


mstruments   for   pnnting 
graphy.      Ch,  iimah :    printing 


IV.  Chap'chap:  (Onom.?)     the  name  of  a 
small  bird;  C.  and  S. 

V.  Chap-chap:     viscous;     half    solid,    half 
liquid. 

VI.  C  hup -chap :    (Hind.)    an    interjection 
enjoining  silence. 

VII.  Chap-chap:  (Onom.)  neitive  castanets ; 
better  ch^rachap,  q.  v. 


chop  or  chup,  I.  An  exclamation  in  a 
game  when  a  player  wishes  to  recall  a  false 
move  or  play  a  stroke  over  again  before  the 
chance  of  doing  so  is  irrevocably  gone. 

II.  Blowing,  puffing  out ;  better  tiyup,  and 
chiyup.  Chip-chip :  the  musical  instrument 
better  known  as  sernnai. 


III.     (Kedah.) 
(Trengganu)  chok. 


A    kind   of  spade.      Also 


IV.  Chap-chip :  ( Onom, )  the  sound  of 
people  eating  soft  food  or  of  fish  splashing  on 
the  surface  of  the  water. 

V.  Chiip-chap :  ( Hind. )  an  interjection 
enjoining  silence. 

.ii>.    chepat.       speed ;     rapidity     of    movement ; 
speedy;  quickly;  Ht.  Abd.,  120. 

|i>.   chap-chap.    V.  chap,  IV. 


Ui^ 


^^^jjp^   chap-chup.    V.  chap,  III. 


chup-chap.    V.  chap,  VI. 


v^*A>-    ch6perup.     (Onom.)     The  souncl  of  a  man 
•       walking  through  deep  mud  or  deep  w^et  sand. 


6^ 


ch§pok,     I.     (Onom.)     The  sound  given  out 

when  water  is  struck  by  anything  with  a  flat 
surface,  such  as  a  plank  or  the  flat  of  the 
hand.     Cf.  tepok. 

II.     (Kedah.)     A  tobacco-pouch. 


yL4>.    chSpSlok,     (Onom.)      The  sound  of  a  man 

sinking  in  deep  mud ;  the  placing  of  the  wax 
in  the  mould  {achiwan)  used  by  a  brazier. 


Ai>'  chSpU.  I.  A  flat  round  box  of  wood  in 
*  which  toilet  requisites  are  kept ;  Ht.  Gh.;  Sh. 
Pant.  ShL,  13.  Bagai  chepu  dengan  tiiUip-nya  : 
like  a  box  and  its  cover  (fitting  each  perfectly); 
Prov.,  also  known  in  the  form  bagai  chenibnl 
dengan  tnttip-nya, 

II.     Piiting  chepu-chcpu  :  the  foot  of  the  mast. 


III.     Chcpu-chepu . 
identified). 


a  small  white  bird  (un- 


CHfiPUWA 


[    257    ] 


CHfiKAP 


y>- 


chSpuwa.  A  blush  of  shame,  consequent  on 
being  detected  in  some  discreditable  position ; 
a  guilty  look,  such  as  that  worn  by  one  man 
on  meeting  another  after  breaking  a  promise 
made  to  that  other. 


^^-*^    chSpah.      Chepah'Chepoh :     walking    up    and 
down — as  a  sentry,  or  as  a  man  waiting  for  a 


friend. 


<^i>-    chSpoh.     See  cliepah, 

^^^^    chapiyau.      [  Port,     chapeo.  ]     A     hat.     Clu 

y^^,        lipat:  a  cocked  hat;   Ht.   Abd.,   223.     Mem- 

buka  ch. :  to  take  off  one's  hat;  Ht.  Abd.,  114. 


or 


chak.     I.     (Onom.)     The  sound  of  a  smack 

of  the  lips.     Chak'chok  :  the  sound  of  people 
eating;  cf.  chap-chap, 

II.     A   small   bird   like   a   sparrow;    better 
chiyak,  q.  v. 


(3?"    chek.     A  prefix  to  a  man's  or  woman's  name 

signifying  that  he  or  she  is  of  good  parentage 
but  not  entitled  to  any  hereditary  designation. 
Also  enchek. 


<JrT 


chik.     An  abbreviation  of  kechil  when  used  as 


a  name. 


^J>-    chok.     I.    (Trengganu.)    A  spade;=c/^o/>,  q.  v. 

II.  [Eng.  chalk.]  A  chalk-mark  placed  on 
a  piece  of  rotten  timber  in  a  flooring  or  on 
the  hull  of  a  ship  to  indicate  that  the  plank 
or  timber  in  question  must  be  renewed. 

III.  Chak'Chok :  (Onom.)  The  sound  of 
people  eating ;  cf.  chap-chup, 

IV.  Chok'chit :  (Onom.)  the  twittering  of 
birds. 

V.  Biirong  chok  tanah:  (Penang)  the  name 
of  a  bird  (unidentified). 


choklat.     [  Eur.  J     Chocolate. 
(Riau)  kahwah  hoi  and  a. 


Also    called 


A  kind  of  club  or  mace; 
used     by    heroes     of 


chokmar.     [Skr.  ?] 

an    obsolete    weapon 

romance;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  Ht. 
P.  J.  P.;  Ht.  Hamz.,  57;  Sej.  Mai.,  16;  Sh. 
May.,  7;  Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  9. 

chSkalong.     A  small  variety  of  monkey  with 
a  long  tail. 

chSkit.     I.     To  pick  up  and  eat  small  morsels 
of  food  ;  to  pick  away  the  gills  of  a  fish. 

II.     A  dispute,  a  quarrel ;  C.  and  S. 

chfikut.     To   pick    up   anything,    using    the 
thumb  and  the  tips  of  three  fingers  only. 


^ 
A 


\,C 


ch6kar.  [  Hind,  chdkar,  ]  The  ( steering ) 
wheel  turned  to  its  extreme  capacity;  hard 
a-port  or  hard  a-starboard,  of  the  wheel. 

chSkor.  I.  A  medicinal  herb  (koempferia 
galanga  ?) ,  a  very  low  shrub.  A  ngin  yang  men- 
chabtit  chekor  di-padang :  a  wind  which  tore  up 
the  shrubs  on  the  lawn ; — a  proverbial  meta- 
phor for  an  extraordinarily  violent  wind. 
Meinanjat  pokok  chekor  btdeh  jatoh  matt :  even 
when  you  climb  a  shrub  you  may  fall  and  kill 
yourself;  nothing  is  too  small  to  be  absolutely 
negligeable;  Prov. 

As  a  medicinal  shrub,  chekor  is  usually  men- 
tioned in  conjunction  with  jerangau  (acorns 
calamus).  Chekor  jerangati  behim  habis  lagi : 
he  has  not  yet  finished  with  childrens'  drugs ; 
he  is  still  a  child ;  Prov. 

Hairdn  sunggoh  zamdn   sekarang, 
Anak  stidah   ta'-kenal  ibu, 

Chekor  jerangau  belum  hilang, 
Hajat-nya  hendak    berbini  dahulu : 

wonderful  indeed  is  the  present  age,  children 
while  still  unable  to  recognize  their  mothers, 
and  before  the  medicines  for  their  child- 
complaints  are  put  away,  are  already  contem- 
plating matrimony !  Prov. 

Chekor  a,nd  jerangau  are  also  the  names  given 
to  companion  fairies  (peri)  in  the  Hikdyat 
Bestammam. 

II.     A  button-hook. 

chakdra.  [Skr.  chakra,]  A  wheel ;  a  circle  ; 
a  kind  of  discus  used  as  a  missile  by  heroes  of 
romance;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.;  Ht.  Sri  Rama. 
Sa-bagni  hujan  panah  dan  chakera:  like  a  rain 
of  arrow  and  war-quoits  ;  Sh.  Panj,  Sg, 

Chakera-wala:  the  circle  of  the  heavens ;  the 
horizon ;  the  firmament ;  Ht.  Abd.,  450. 
Ada-pun  negeri-ku  tin  di-bawah  chakera-wala: 
my  country  is  somewhere  below  the  firma- 
ment of  heaven, — an  answer  intended  to 
convey  nothing;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak,,  123.  Cha- 
kerawala  majlis-ku  belum  juga  bangun :  my 
loved  one's  orb  has  not  yet  risen ;  my  love  is 
not  here ;  Ht.  Koris. 


J\^>-   chakdrawala.    See  \f>' 


^ 


chgkang..  Tight;  compressed  tightly;  tightly 
stretched";  the  appearance  of  a  tight-fitting 
garment ;  cf.  tegang, 

Ch,  mata:  the  space  between  the  eyes. 

Rangak  chekang :  a  shell,  pteroceras  chiragra, 

chekap.     I.     Skilful,  ready,  expert ;  skill. 

Harap   ka-mtdut,   besar  chakap ; 

Kerja  suwatu  ta'-buleh  chMap : 
if  you  trust  his  words,  he  will  undertake  much; 
but  he  is  quite  unable  to  do  anything  at  all. 

II.  A  cylindrical  hen-coop. 

III.  Chekup'Chekap:  (Onom.)  the  splashing 
of  fish. 


33 


chIskup 


[  258  ] 


gh£ladang 


u-1Sj«- 


j4 


kP^ 


kP^ 


J^ 


chfikup.  L  Covering  with  the  hand  or  en- 
closing in  the  hollow  between  the  two  hands  ; 
cf.  tangktip,  which  refers  to  catching  under 
a  cup  or  any  similar  concavity, 

11.  Chekup'ChBkap:  (Onom.)  the  sound 
made  by  fish  splashing  on  the  beach  or  in 
very  shallow  water. 


chdkak.  I .  The  amount  that  can  be  enclosed 
in  a  circle  formed  by  the  thumb  and  forefinger. 
Pinggang-nya  buleh  di-chekak :  her  waist  can 
be  girdled  by  the  finger  and  thumb,  an 
exaggerated  description  of  a  very  small  waist. 

Sa-chekak  :  a  small  portion  ;  as  much  as  can 
be  girdled  by  the  finger  and  thumb — a  mea- 
surement of  the  thickness  of  saplings;  Sh. 
Bid.,  135. 

Berchekak  pinggang :  an  expression  used  of 
two  warriors  who  fasten  on  each  other  so  that 
one  or  the  other  must  perish;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng.;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  15  ;  etc.  The 
forms  berchengkang  pinggang  and  berchekal 
pinggang  are  also  used  in  this  sense.  Berchekak 
pinggang  also  means  '*  with  the  arms  akimbo.'* 
Cf.  chekek. 

II.  Reliable;  trustworthy,  of  a  workman. 

III.  Proximity;  the  space  between  two 
objects  close  to  one  another. 

chSkek.      I.     Seizure  and  pressure  with  the 

finger  and  thumb,  or  with  the  hollow  of  the 
hand ;  garotting ;  hand-pressure  causing  the 
sides  of  the  windpipe  to  meet. 

Menchekek  leher :  to  garotte  ;  to  seize  a  man 
by  the  throat ;  Sh.  Peng.,  15 ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
^y^,  Di-tangkap-nya  halkum  inang  itu  di- 
chekek'iiya  lain  iya  matt:  he  seized  the  old 
woman's  throat  and  throttled  her,  and  she 
died  ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  99. 

Matt  tircMkek  :  death  by  choking. 
II.     See  chekok. 

chSkok.  I.  Chekok'Chekek :  the  gasping  of 
a  drowning  man. 

II.  To  force  a  child  to  eat ;  to  force  food  or 
medicine  down  a  child's  throat. 


^ 


CMkok'Chekek :    fighting,    of    women 


III. 
only, 

IV.  A  forked  stick  placed  over  a  calfs 
mouth  and  used  as  a  muzzle  to  prevent  the 
calf  sucking. 

chSkaL      L     Strength,  toughness,  ability  to 
withstand. 

1 1 ,  Berchekal  pinggang :  to  fasten  themselves 
together  (of  fighting  warriors)  so  that  one  or 
other  must  perish;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  (p.p.  98, 
loi,  239  of  my  MS.)  More  commonly  ber- 
chekak pinggang. 


^j 


chSkam.  I.  The  sewing  of  a  mattrass  in 
various  places  so  as  to  prevent  the  stuffing 
accumulating  in  any  one  portion, 

II,  (Kedah.)  A  pecuHar  instrument  used 
for  making  holes  in  hard  ground  with  a  view 
to  padi  planting. 

III.  Sakit  chekani :  a  festering  sore  caused 
by  a  foreign  body  getting  under  a  toe  or 
finger  nail. 

chdkau.  Stretching  out  the  hand  with  a 
view  to  drawing  anything  towards  one; 
reaching  out  for  anything. 

chSku.  The  act  of  pressing  a  sharp  point 
or  edge  (as  the  edge  of  a  thumb-nail)  into 
anything. 

chakawari.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Ancestors  in  the 
generation  anterior  to  moynt;  ancestors  in 
the  fifth  generation,  z.  e,  bapa,  itenek,  moyang, 
moyut,  chakawari, 

chekah.  Split  open;  broken  open,  by  out- 
side pressure,  as  a  mangosteen  is  opened — in 
contradistinction  to  cutting  open  or  tearing 
open.     Cf.  chekeL 

chSkeh  =  chekah,  but  confined  in  use  to  light 
pressures  and  small  fractures.  Terchekeh  : 
slightly  cracked  or  opened  by  pressure. 

Ch6ki.  [Chin,  tsdp  j~i  ki.l  "  Chicky  "  cards  ; 
small  Chinese  playing-cards. 

chfigat.  (Kedah.)  Terchegat  :  bolt  upright, 
stiffly  erect ;  (Riau,  Johor)  chegak, 

chSgar.  I.  A  rapid;  rushing  water  over  a 
rocky  bottom. 

II.     To  discuss;  C.  and  S. 

chfigak.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Firmly  erect ;  rising 
to  an  erect  position  ;  (Kedah)  terchegat, 

Ch^gok.     A  draught;   a  gulp;  as  much  as  a 

man  can  swallow  at  a  gulp.  Minum  sa-chegok  : 
to  swallow  a  mouthful  of  anything;  =  minum 
sa4egok, 

chela.  Censure;  blame;  fault-finding.  Puji 
dan  chela  :  praise  and  blame.  Chela  menchela : 
to  keep  uttering  censures;  to  abuse;  Marsd. 
Gr.,  211.  Jikalati  hidop  dmgan  nama  kechelaan 
apa-tah  guna-nya :  if  I  am  to  live  on  with 
a  bad  name,  of  what  advantage  will  life  be  to 
me  ?     Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

chSlatu.     The  flying  ant ;  better  k^lekatu,  q,  v. 
chdladang.    (Penang.)    A  square  padi  basket. 


ch£laru 


[  259  ] 


ch£lap 


jj^^    chfilaru.     (Kedah.)    In  disorder,  in  confusion. 
KBrja  chelaru :  uncertain  and  bad  work. 


>r 


^j 


)^  chglari  or  chSlarai.  Kain  chSlari:  a  thin 
fabric  of  shining  silk  cloth  with  gold  thread ; 
Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.;  Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  6. 


J>%. 


chdlapak.     (Riau.)     Resting  on  the  fork  ;  the 

posture  of  a  man  riding  or  sitting  astride 
on  a  wall ;  the  angle  at  the  ridge  pole  of  a 
roof,  Maka  baginda  Maui  Ferendam  pun 
jatoh'lah  ka-dalam  ayer  terchelapak  pada  belakang 
ikan  alu-alu :  King  Mani  Ferendam  fell  into 
the  sea,  falling  astride  upon  the  back  of  an 
alu-alu  fish;  Sej.  MaL,  loo. 


^^ 


chSlapek. 

herbs. 


A   preparation   of  dry   fish   and 


AijA^  chelapah.  Soiling  by  the  tread;  fouling 
anything  with  dirty  boots.  Also  (by  metaphor) 
dishonouring;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  32. 


dSSu 


chSlapeta.     Delirious,  raving ;  C.  and  S. 

chSlaka.  Ill-starred ;  bringing  bad  luck  ;  an 
affliction.  Orang  ch.:  a  scoundrel.  C/z. 
perompak  :  the  curse  of  piracy.  Yang  terlalu 
besar  chelaka  ku-lihat,  emak-nya  di-juwalkan-nya 
kapada  orang  lain  dan  anak-nya  kapada  orang 
lain :  the  most  infamous  thing  seen  by  me 
was  the  fact  that  they  (the  slave  dealers) 
would  sell  a  mother  to  one  person  and  her 
children  to  another;  Ht.  Abd.,  268. 

Hujan  ini  hujan   chelaka, 
Tetanaman   tidak-kan  jadi ; 

Muda  ini  muda  chelaka, 

Bertunangan   tidak-kan  jadi  : 

this  rain  is  a  rain  which  brings  bad  luck, 
things  that  are  planted  on  the  strength  of  it 
come  to  no  good  ;  this  youth  is  a  youth  whom 
misfortune  pursues,  all  his  engagements  come 
to  nothing. 

Chelaka  is  also  used  to  describe  lost  souls  in 
contradistinction  to  the  blessed  (berbahagiya)  ; 
Ht.  Isk.  Dz.;  Bust.  Sal. 

chSlaga.  I.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Soot;  fine 
cinders  adhering  to  a  torch ;    (Kedah)   jelaga, 

n.  Ch,  kemudi :  the  bar  of  a  rudder  to 
which  the  tiller-ropes  are  attached ;  the  tiller. 

chSlana.  Trowsers  loose  above  but  closing 
tight  round  the  calf;  Kam.  Kech.,  11. 
Menyengseng  ch, :  to  tuck  up  one's  trowsers ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

chfilfibor.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  a  massive 
body  falling  into  water.     Cf.  lebor. 

chdlfibok.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  a  small 
heavy  body  (such  as  a  bullet)  falling  into 
water. 


lAt 


chSlor.  Immersion  in  boiling  liquid,  espe- 
cially with  the  idea  of  removing  roughnesses, 
or  as  a  fowl  is  immersed  in  hot  water  to  get 
rid  of  its  feathers ;  the  ordeal  by  immersion 
in  boiling  liquid ;  boiling  by  immersion  in 
boiling  water,  as  an  egg  is  boiled — as  distinct 
from  boiling  by  placing  any  article  of  food  in 
cold  water  and  then  heating  it  with  the  water 
(rebus),  Kesat  daun  pimpin;  kalau  kesat  daun 
labu  buleh  di-chelor :  the  pimpin  leaf  is  (always) 
rough,  but  the  pumpkin  leaf  if  rough  can  be 
boiled  smooth  to  the  touch  ;  a  rough  stranger 
will  always  be  considered  rough ;  but  if  a 
friend  be  rough,  his  rudeness  will  be  smoothed 
over;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  38. 

chSlas.     See  chelus, 

chilis.  Chopping  into  small  pieces  as  fire- 
wood is  sometimes  chopped  to  make  it  the 
more  combustible, 

chillis.  Chelus-chelas  or  chelas-chelus :  (Onom.?) 
coming  in  and  out ;  the  sound  of  a  man  con- 
stantly coming  in  and  out;  free;  familiar. 
Cf.  chelam-chelum,  Chelus  is  also  used  to 
signify  that  a  ring  slips  on  and  off  easily; 
easy-fitting,  comfortable. 


iJb^    chSlang.     I.     Mata-nya    menchelang :    (Riau) 
^ '        fixed  and  open,  of  the  eyes  of  a  dead  man, 
supposed  to  be  ominous. 

II.     Chelong-chelang :  v.  chelong,  I  and  11. 

iJL>*    chSlong.     I.     Chelong-chelang :  (Onom.)     the 
^  *       sound  of  a  bell  ringing  at  short  intervals. 

II.  Chelong-chelang :  glittering;  =  chemere- 
lang,  q.  v. 

III.  The  mouthpiece   of  a  sumpifan;    Kl., 
Pijn. 

IV.  A  contrivance  of  wood  and  rattan  used 
in  catching  elephants. 

»— ^^^T    ch616ngap.     Open-mouthed  ;  gaping  ;  ajar. 


iSsAlb-    chglengkang. 

^— '  '  fir\n     in     rnrvf^c 


Chelengkang-chelengkok :  mo- 
tion in  curves  or  waves ;  motion  in  round- 
about ways  towards  any  spot.  Cf.  chelengkok, 
lengkok,  bengkang  and  bengkoL  Bercheleng- 
kang'bengkok :  motion  towards  a  spot,  partly 
in  waves  or  curves  and  partly  ^ig^ag  or 
angular. 


.  ;Sib- 


cr—^     Chglengkok.    Motion  in  a  curve;   d.  bengkok, 
which  refers  to  rectilinear  angles. 
Chelengkang  ch, :  v.  chelengkang. 

^{-^    chSlap.     Chelup-chelap:  (Onom.)     the   sound 
•       of  footsteps  in  very  shallow  water,  or  splash- 
ing through  mud. 


CHiLUP 


[    260    ] 


CH&LICHI 


6^ 


w— li>-  ch61up.  L  The  act  of  steeping  or  soaking 
any  porous  substance  in  a  liquid  or  viscous 
medium,  as  a  piece  of  bread  can  be  steeped 
in  gravy,  or  as  cotton  wool  is  steeped  in 
medicine,  or  as  leather  is  soaked  in  hot  water 
to  soften  it,  or  as  brass  is  placed  in  a  solution 
of  gold  for  plating,  or  as  cloth  is  soaked  in 
dye.  Di'ChUup  merah  puteh  dan  hitam :  dyed 
red,  white  or  black ;  Ht.  Abd.,  104. 

Chehipkan:  to  steep;  to  dye,  to  saturate; 
Ht.  Abd.,  301.  Menchehipkan:  id.;  Sej.  MaL, 
41. 

Penchelup:  a  medium  for  dyeing  or  satura- 
tion.    Ayer  penchelup  :  dye . 

Terchelup :  steeped  in,  saturated;  Ht.  Ism. 
Yat.,  29. 

n.  Chehip'Chelap :  (Onom.)  the  sound  of 
footsteps  in  mud  or  very  shallow  water. 

chSlgpa.  (Kedah.)  A  round  tin  or  box  for 
tobacco  or  sireh, 

chelSpak.  Position  atop  or  astride  of  any- 
thing.    Usually  chelapak,  q.  v. 

Ch61Spek.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  a  viscous 
substance  coming  in  contact  with  a  solid  sur- 
face, as,  for  instance,  when  a  wall  is  splashed 
by  mud  thrown  up  by  the  wheels  of  a  passing 
carriage. 

chSlSpok:      (Onom.)  =  chelepek,     q,    v.,    but 

louder — e,  g-.,  as  when  a  mass  of  mud  falls  on 
the  ground. 

chSlfipoh.  Roasting  on  the  iire  itself;  cook- 
ing in  hot  embers. 

chdlak.     A   kind  of  black  antimony  powder 

used  to  darken  either  the  lower  eyelid  or  both 
eyelids,  with  a  view  to  giving  greater  bril- 
liancy to  the  eye  itself.  Berchelak  sent :  deli- 
cately touched  with  powder;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng.;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  15.  Pantis 
ch. :  the  smearing  of  antimony  powder  on  the 
surface  of  the  lower  eyelid;  Sh.  Kumb. 
Chumb.,  25. 

chSlek.  The  act  of  lifting  the  eyelid;  the 
opening  of  the  eye ;  seeing.  Pejam  ch,  or 
kejam  ch. :  to  open  and  shut  the  eyes  rapidly. 
Hujmt  ta'-btileh  chelek  maia:  rain  so  heavy 
that  one  cannot  see  anything.  Si-btita  bBharu 
chelek :  Mr.  Blindman  who  has  just  opened 
his  eyes ;  a  parvenu  who  does  not  know  how 
to  behave  in  his  newly  acquired  position ;  a 
beggar  on  horseback;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  L, 
92,  XXIV.,  97. 

dy^    chSlgkuti.      (Patani.)       Betel^nut     scissors; 
•       usually  kachip  or  Matt;  also  (Pahang)  a  cake. 

iSjT^    chSlagUli.     A  shrub  also  known  as  selegtiri 
'       or  china  guri. 


3^ 


^ 


L 


h 


ohSlam.  Chelam-ch^lum  or  chilum-chelam  : 
(Onom.)  the  sound  of  a  man  tramping 
through  shallow  water,  or  stamping  up  and 
down  stairs.  Naik  turnn  chHum-chelam :  to  go 
stamping  up  and  down  stairs — as  a  man  mak- 
ing himself  thoroughly  at  home ;  extreme 
familiarity ;  Sh,  Peng.,  2. 

chdlmn.     See  chelani, 

Chdl^mpong.  I.  (Onom.)  The  name  of  a 
Javanese  musical  instrument  which  has  ten 
or  fifteen  wire  strings  and  is  played  like  a 
harp;  Cr.  Hist.  Ind.  Arch.,  I.,  335;  Ht.  Sh. ; 
Sej.  MaL,  144.  Berchelempong :  to  play  on 
this  instrument ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 

II.  (Onom.)     The  sound  of  tom-tomming. 

III.  (Onom.)     The  sound  of  a  heavy  body 
falling  into  water ;  =  (Jav.)  chemplung. 

chSlampus.  (Riau.)  Talkative,  babbling; 
inability  to  hold  one's  tongue.  Also  chehipor 
or  chelupar,  q.  v. 

chSloteh.  Laughing;  talking;  joking;  pro- 
tracted and  continuous  interchanging  of 
remarks. 


chfilupar.  (Frequentative  of  chupar,  q.  v.) 
Babbling ;  continually  talking ;  breaking  into 
the  conversation  of  others ;  Ht.  Koris ;  Sh. 
Ik.  Trub.,  12.  Miiliit  chelupar  tiyada-lah  diyam : 
his  tongue  wags  on  and  will  not  be  still ;  Sh. 
UL,  7.  Also  (Singapore)  chehipor :  (Riau) 
chelampus ;  (Kedah)  jelabas. 


chSlulut. 

Kl.,  Pijn, 


A   bird   something   like  a  snipe ; 


chSlumis.     Weak;  sickly;  pining. 

chelah.     Cleaving ;  a  split ;  a  cleft ;  a  fissure ; 
a  break  ;  a  gap  ;  a  crack. 

CA.  batu  :  a  gap  between  two  boulders ;  Sh. 
Raj.  Haji,  186;    Ht.  Sg.  Samb.;  Ht.  Abd.,  204. 

Ch,  dinding :  a  crevice  in  a  wall ;   Sh.  Peng., 
14. 

Ch,  gigi :  the  space  between  two  adjoining 
teeth ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 

Ch,  giiHong :    a  gully   or   ravine;    Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  9,  105. 

Ch.jari:  the  space  between  two  fingers;  Ht. 
Jay.  Lengg, 

Ch,  kangkang:  the  fork;  Ht.  Man  Mah.     Also 
ch,  kelengkang, 

Ch,  kemaluwan :  the  line  between  the  testes. 

chSleh.     Idle;    lazy;    sluggish — not  quite  as 
strong  in  censure  as  chulas, 

chSlichi.     I.     Covetous;  mean;  rapacious, 

II.  Janim  chelichi :  (Kedah)  a  pin. 

III.  Insufferably  talkative, — used  of  Klings. 


CH^iLEDANG 


[    261    ] 


ch£m£ti 


^JuU 


3-^ 


J 


laut : 


a   tree,    casnarina. 


Kayu    ch.    or    ch, 
\5 snsXly  pokok  em, 

the  longest  variety  of  bean. 


Kachang  ch. 


j\^  chambur.     Chamburan :    an   open    hall    in   a 

*  prince's  dwelling ;  Kl. 

Lj^  Chambang,     Whiskers;  hair  extending  past 

Qz*  the  ears. 


chSledang.  Chekdang  chSledok :  a  loose,  ! 
swaggering,  rolling  gait,  such  as  that  affected  ' 
by  abandoned  women.     Cf.  Icnggang-lenggok. 

chSledok.     See  chekdang, 

chSlepek.  Rolling  up  paper  at  the  corner  or  ! 
edge.     Cf.  lipaL  \ 

chulika   or   ch61eka.     I.     A  quid  of  betel- 
leaf  after  it  is  ejected  from  the  mouth. 

II.     A  flower  (unidentified).  i 

chglekeh.     Dirt  about  the  mouth  after  eating.   I 
chSlekoh.     A  bastion,  a  caponiere ;  C.  and  S.   I 

! 

cham.     Recognition  by  sight ;     retention   in   ' 
memory  by  the   impression  made   upon  the 
visual  powers. 

Chamkan :  to  identify  by  appearance ;  to 
recognize  the  signs  or  symptoms  of  anything. 
Pandai  chamkan  bila  ribut  dan  to/an  hendak 
datang :  quick  at  recognizing  the  signs  of  an 
approaching  gale  or  storm.  Maka  jikalau 
tiyada  salah  paham-ku  yang  telah  ku  chamkan 
bahuwa  '  aldmat  perempuwan  yang  demikiyan 
itU'lah  tanda  ber'akal :  if  my  experience  from 
past  observation  is  not  at  fault,  the  character- 
istics of  such  a  woman  are  evidence  of  her 
being  intelligent ;  Ht.  Abd.,  96.  Cf.  also  Sh. 
Lail.  Mejn.,  38. 

chum.     A  grimace  made  by  tilling  out  the  lips 
with  air. 


chemara.  [Skr.  chdmdva :  a  yak-tail,  used 
to  brush  away  flies  or  as  an  ensign.]  An 
ornamental  tuft  or  pendant  of  horse-hair 
under  the  blade  of  a  spear.  Ch,  tombak  :  id. ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.,  12;  Sej.  Mai.,  17. 

Chemara  is  also  used  of  a  chignon  or  of  false 
hair  generally,  Di4aroh-nya  biinga  dan  che- 
mara itn  di-atas  bantal :  she  laid  the  flower  and 
the  chignon  on  a  pillow ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  28. 
Percha  di-ambil  akan  chemara :  taking  a  piece 
of  cloth  for  use  as  false  hair — i,  e,,  by  putting 
it  in  the  centre  of  a  mass  of  real  hair  so  as  to 
increase  the  size  of  the  mass;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 
Ch.  mendusta :  cloth  cut  up  into  slips  and 
wound  into  a  queue ;  (also)  the  hairy  portion 
of  maize;  Muj.,  53. 


^^<^    chambok. 


[Pqts,  chabuk,]     A  whip.     Better 


j^ 


j^ 


chabok^  q.  v. 

chembul.  A  casket ;  a  small  box  for  keeping 
odds  and  ends:  Sej.  MaL,  10;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat., 
17  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya  ;  Ht.  P.  J. 
P.;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  Pel,  Abd.,  109.  Laksana 
chembul  dengan  tntup-nya :  like  the  casket  and 
its  cover ;  suited  to  each  other ;  fitting ; 
appropriate ;  Prov.,  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  14. 

chomboL     The  knob  on  a  door. 


yJ?^    chembu.     A   large  ch^pu  or  box  of  brass.  ^ 
Cf.  chembul . 


^ 


JLi^ 


^ 


chumbu.  Coaxing,  love-making,  verbal  en- 
dearments; persuasion  by  the  use  of  affection- 
ate language. 

Chumbuwan :  loving  words;  coaxing  language. 
Dengan  bagai-bagai  chumbuwan  yang  membelas- 
kan  hati :  with  all  kinds  of  loving  expressions 
to  soften  her  heart ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb, 

Berchumbu-chumbuwan :  flirtation ;  mutual 
love-making;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  43. 

chfimburu.  Jealousy  (in  the  sense  of  sus- 
picion); suspicion.  Chemburuwan :  id.  Puteri 
sangat  chemburuwan :  a  princess  of  a  very 
jealous  disposition  ;  Sh.  Bid.,  21.  Chemburu- 
wan-nya  barangkali  orang  melarikan  chnkai : 
fear  lest  any  one  should  escape  the  payment 
of  customs  dues;  Pel.  Abd.,  153.  Chemburu- 
wan  barangkali  orang  Temenggong  juga  meni- 
kam  Raja  Farquhar :  suspicion  that  one  of 
the  Temenggong's  men  might  possibly  have 
stabbed  Governor  Farquhar;  Ht.  Abd.,  249. 


4«w?*   chambah. 
C.  and  S. 


Sprouting,  putting  forth   shoots ; 


chSmat.  I.  The  process  of  attaching  things 
together  by  pinning  them  together  or  by 
passing  a  thin  stick  through  both — as  when 
atap  roofing  is  made. 

II.  Towing.  Tali  pinchemat :  a  tow-rope. 
Sauh  ch. :  an  anchor  thrown  ashore  to  enable 
a  boat  to  be  hauled  against  a  swift  current. 


III. 
pot. 


A  kind  of  black   glazed   earthenware 


chemfiti.  Tam.  A  whip ;  Bust.  Sal. ;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg.  Ch.  kuda  :  a  horse-whip ;  Ht,  Sg. 
Samb. ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  27.  Memerentah  dengan 
chemeti:  to  govern  with  the  whip;  to  rule 
'*  with  a  rod  of  iron  ; ''  Sh.  Nas.,  10. 

1  In  one  passage  only : — 

Kembang  podak   bitnga  sena 

Bunga  chempaka  di-dalam  chembu; 
Sndah  pula  tidov  di-taiiah, 
Tanah   Meluka  apa  di-tunggu? 

Sh.   Raja  Haji. 


OHAMCHAH 


[    262    ] 


CHAMPOR 


45^   chamchah.    Hind.    A 


spoon. 


^J^^    chimchili.     A  fabulous  bird;  Ht.  Raj.  Don., 


13- 


(3^*-*^    chanxdek.     (Penang.)     To  insinuate  blame  or 
reproach  ;  to  censure  or  punish  indirectly. 


^ 


chSmar.  I.  Pollution;  foulness;  dirt;  im- 
purity ;  defilement  either  literally  or  metapho- 
rically, as  the  defilement  of  a  sea  by  pirates ; 
Marsd.  Gr.,  141. 

Berchemar  kahi :  (literally)  to  dirty  one's 
feet ;  (by  metaphor)  to  take  vigorous  action  ; 
to  act  with  energy;  Ht.  Sri  Rama;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.  Berchemar  duli  :  id. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ; 
Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  ig. 


II.     A  sea-bird. 
Ungg.  Bers.,  6.     Better  chamar, 


Si-burong  chemar 


id. ;  Sh. 


ch6mSr6kap. 

manship. 


Coarse  ;     inferior — of    work- 


1^ 


chSmSrelang.  Dazzling  with  radiance ;  glit- 
tering; shining;  glowing,  Api-nya  chemere" 
laiig  tiyada  buleh  memhtka  mata :  the  fire 
glowed  so  brilliantly  that  you  could  not  open 
your  eyes  towards  it ;  Ht.  Abd.,  364 ;  see 
also  Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  2  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Cf. 
cherelang. 

chSmSrfiling.  A  radiance  somewhat  less  in 
degree  than  that  expressed  by  chemer clang,  q.v. 


^M^  chSmas.  Anxiety  ;  an  anxious  feeling  conse- 
•  quent  on  a  dangerous  or  critical  position — 
such  as  the  feeling  of  a  child  in  the  dark,  or  of 
a  sailor  in  a  storm.  Ch,  hati :  id. ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Mard.  Menaroh  ch. :  to  feel  nervous  or 
anxious;    Sh.  Bid.,  6. 

Pisau   rant  hnlu-nya   inas, 

Chandong   berhuhi  sendiri-nya ; 

Di'tengah  laut  jangan-lah  chemas, 
Ombak   bBrpaht  sama  sendiri-nya : 

do  not  be  seized  with  panic  in  the  middle  of 
the  ocean  ;  the  waves  may  be  fighting,  but  it 
is  with  one  another;    Pel.  Abd.,  108. 

lyJ?^  chSmus.  (Redah.)  Strong  disgust  or  nausea 
as  the  result  of  satiety  ;  an  expression  stronger 
th^n  j emu f  q.  v. 

0§^^    chSmSngkiyan.     A  plant  used  as  a  medicinal 
drug.     Also  chemekiyan  and  jemekiyan. 


^  Champa.  A  Malay  colony  on  the  coast  of 
Cambodia.  Kain  ch, :  flowered  silk  cloth  of 
Cambodian  or  Siamese  make.     Also  chempa. 


^,_Jj^    chSmpa.  I.  Bunga  chempa  :  a  flower  (unidenti- 
-       fled) ;  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  12. 

Chempa  raya  :  a  flowering  shrub  much  planted 
in  cemeteries ;  Sh.  Rumb.  Chumb.,  5, 

II.     C//a;/j!/>a  in  Cambodia ;  v.champa. 


si5\jt<r  chSmpaka.  \Skv.chdmpaka,']  The  champak- 
tree,  michelia  champaca ;  Ht.  Sh.  Rub. :  Sej. 
Mai.,  134;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  8. 

Ch,  bini :  the  Frangipani,  phtmiera  acutifolia, 

Ch,  bukit :    (Malacca)   a  small  shrub  with  a 
sweet  scented  flower,  cephcelis  griffithii, 

Ch,  gunong :  liliodendron  lilifera  ;  Cr. 

Ch,  hiitan  :  a  shrub  with  sweet  scented  orange 
flowers,  gardenia  griffithii, 

Ch,  janggi :    a  small  tree  or  shrub  with  a 
scarlet  fruit,  stereculia  Icevis, 

Ch,  muliya:  a  flower,  parkinsonia  aculeata,  Cr. 

Ch,  puteh  hnian  :    a  small   tree  with   w^hite 
flowers,  randia  anisophylla, 

Ch,  selan :  a  flower,  pyrrhosa  horsfeldii ;  Cr. 

Ratena  ch, :  the  topaz. 

Tanah  ch, :  sulphur. 


rXxc^    chSmpana.     I.     A  litter;  Ht.  Roris;  Sh.  Sri 
'       Bun.,  84,     Better  jempana,  q.  v. 

II.  (Penang.)  The  name  of  a  plant  the 
leaves  of  which  are  broad  and  smooth  like 
those  of  the  terap. 


^Ji^    chempSdak.        A   well   known    native   fruit, 
artocarpus  polyphema, 

Daripada   chempedak   baik   nangka ; 
Daripada  tidak   baik  ada. 

a  nangka  is  better  than  a  chempedak;  and 
something  is  better  than  nothing  at  all ;  half 
a  loaf  is  better  than  no  bread;  Prov.,  Ht. 
Abd.,  310. 

Sa-kali-kali   tiyada   ku  sangka 

Tanam   chempedak   tumboh  nangka: 

never,  never  would  I  have  imagined  that  by 
planting  a  chempedak,  a  nangka  would  grow  up, 
— a  proverbial  expression  of  astonishment  at  a 
child  not  taking  after  his  parents. 

Ch,  ayer :  artocarpus  maingayi, 

Ch,  bantal ;  ch,  baroh ;  ch,  mambong  :  uniden- 
tified varieties  of  the   chempedak, 

Jj^    champor.      The  act  of  mixing  or  mingling ; 
"^^*        mixed. 

Ch,  bawnr :  in  utter  confusion  ;  utterly  mixed 
up,  of  things  that  should  be  in  order — used  of 
routed  soldiery,  etc. ;  Sej.  Mai.,  17;  Ht.  Ind. 
Nata.  Also  ch.  gawtil ;  Ht.  Raj.  Rh.,  51; 
Ht.  AL,  2 ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 

Champoran  :  things  mixed  up ;  components 
of  a  mixture.  Penganan  MUayn  apa-apa  chain- 
poran-nya :  what  are  the  ingredients  in  the 
various  Malay  cakes  ?     Ht.  Abd.,  391. 

Champorkan :  to  mix  up  ;  to  mingle  (transi- 
tive);    Ht.  Abd.,  388;   Muj.,  70. 

Berchampor :  in  solution  with ;  in  mixture 
with.  Minyak  dengan  ayer  ada-kah  berchampor  : 
will  oil  and  water  mix  ?  Prov. ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II., 
157. 

Terchampor :  mixed ;  mingled  with. 


CH&MP&RA 


[     263     ] 


CHflMUWAS 


^^    champing.     See  chompang. 


Champong.  Shattered  at  a  single  stroke 
or  blow;  shattered  as  a  tree  when  struck 
by  lightning. 


^M>-  champing.  Sa-chemping :  a  bit;  a  morsel, 
but  used  of  somewhat  smaller  morsels  than 
keping ;  sa4ebis  being  the  smallest  morsel 
of  all. 

^MPT  champong.  I.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  a 
round  heavy  massive  body  falling  into  water. 

II.  Carrying  between  both  arms,  as  a  man 
may  carry  a  large  bundle  of  firewood,  lifting 
between  the  arms ;  lifting  bodily  as  a  mother 
lifts  up  her  child. 

^A^p-   chompang  or  chumpang.  Chompang-cham' 
'       P^^^S '  tattered  at  the  edge  ;   torn  at  the  edge — 
of  a  garment ;  Pel.  Abd.,  89. 

3^^  champak.  I.  The  act  of  throwing  (any- 
thing) by  an  underhand  motion  using  either 
one  or  both  hands.  Ch,  buwang :  throwing 
away  in  this  manner ;  a  javelin  intended  to  be 
definitely  cast  away  on  the  first  occasion  of 
its  use;  Pel.  Abd.,  31. 

Champakkan :  to  discard ;  to  cast  away,  as 
one  casts  away  the  end  of  a  cigar  when  done 
with;  Ht.  Abd.,  133  ;  or  as  a  fleeing  warrior 
gets  rid  of  his  impedimenta;  Sej,  MaL,  in. 


\jij^    Chgmpgra.     (Kedah.)     Broken;  scattered— as 
a  defeated  army. 

^^j^    chgmpgrdek.      A  medicinal  shru1>  (unidenti- 
fied). 


Chgmpgrling.  A  kind  of  starling.  Mata  ch.  : 
starling's  eyes, — a  simile  for  very  red  eyes. 
Also  per  ling. 


l5/^^  chSmp6rai.  A  generic  name  given  to  a 
number  of  sea-shore  shrubs,  notably  cham- 
pereia  griffithii  and  cansjera  rheedii, 

Ch,  batii :  gomphandra  lanceolata. 

Ch.  dadeh :  (Malacca)  a  common  jungle 
shrub  with  white  flowers  and  yellow  or 
orange  berries. 


:j^    Champaiingat.     Daun  ch.:  a  medicinal  herb. 
Also  called  datm  tamparingai. 


LT*^    chompis.       Injured  by  the  loss  of  a  corner 

or    projection,    as  a  statue    with    the    nose  | 

knocked    off,    or   as   a   table    with   a   corner  I 

chipped  off.  j 


champang.     Rowing  from  the  bows  of  a  boat ; 
paddling  at  the  extreme  fore  part  of  a  boat. 


6^ 


Menchampak  and  menchampakkan :  to  cast 
out ;  to  throw  out,  as  one  casts  out  a  net  or 
anchor  into  the  sea;  Muj,,  35;  Sej.  MaL,  159; 
Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  9. 

Terchampak :  cast  out ;  thrown  away ;  cast 
away;  Ht.  Abd.,  48,  253 ;  Pel.  Abd.,  no ;  Sh. 
Raj.  Haji,  186. 

II.  A  skin  eruption.     Also  chempak. 
champak.     See  champak,  11. 

chempfelong.  I.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  a 
heavy  mass  falling  into  the  water;  the  Bata- 
vian  form  of  the  word  chelempong. 

IL  Jav.  A  native  boat  with  a  lofty  curv- 
ing prow  and  stern. 

III.  (Kedah.)     A  tree  (unidentified). 


y^^    Champfilu.     (Kedah.)     A  s^'r^/z-receptacle 


Chempglek.     A    game    played    with    coins; 
heads  or  tails. 


Champin.  (Penang.)  A  technical  fault  such 
as  the  use  of  bad  material  which  detracts 
from  the  real  value,  though  not  from  the 
appearance,  of  any  work. 

Champah.     Insipid ;  tasteless. 

Chompoh.      [Chin.  ts6ng-phd\]     A  cook;  KL 

champai.  Memhampai  or  menchampaikan :  to 
attain  to,  to  grasp;  to  seize.  Si-chabiil  hendak 
inenchampai  btdan,  or  si-chabul  hendak  men- 
champaikan  btdan :  the  low  swaggerer  who 
wanted  to  seize  the  moon ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya ; 
— cf.  chapai  and  sampai. 

The  form  champai  also  occurs;  Muj.,  3,  13. 

chgmak.     I.     Awhip;Kl. 

II.     (Trengganu.)     Much ;  continual. 

chgmok.    I.    A  pod. 

II.     (Kedah.)     To  quarrel. 

Chem^kiyan.  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  plant  used 
as  an  aperient.     Also  (Kedah)  chemengkiyan. 

chfemSmar.  (Kedah.)  A  tree,  also  known 
as  kematu;  Muj.,  53. 

chSmendari.     A  tree  (unidentified) ;  Kl. 

chSmuchup.  Love  grass;  burrs;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng. ;  Ht.  Sh.     Also  (Penang)  iemuchtit, 

ch6muwas.  Dirt  on  the  face  after  a  meal ; 
dirty.     Cf.  lenmwas,  and  chememis. 


CHfiMIDU 


[    264    ] 


CHINCHA 


«Ju4>-    chSmidu.       (Selangor.)      Nervous,     self-con- 
scious, timid  and  retiring. 


^j..M^iV>-    Chememis.      (Singapore.)       Dirty, 
mouth ;  also  chemuwas  and  lemuwas. 


of     the 


^y^  chan.  I.  [Chin.  tsAn.^  A  conical  basket 
used  by  Chinese  in  their  festival  of  the  seventh 
month. 

II.  (Riau.)  A  kind  of  tar  made  of  camphor, 
castor-oil  and  resin,  and  used  for  stopping 
leaks. 


CfT    chun.     [Chin,  chhun,] 
foot;  a  Chinese  inch. 


A  tenth  of  a  Chinese 


chiima.  [Skr.  chihna,]  A  mark ;  a  token  ;  a 
sign ;  cf.  china,  II.,  and  chena, 

chSnangau.  (Perak.)  A  peculiar  flying  bug 
emitting  a  bad  smell.     Also  (Kedah)  jenangau. 

chinta.  [Skr.  cMnta,]  Care  ;  trouble  ;  long- 
ing ;  the  sensation  of  loving  desire  or  of  regret 
for  the  dead  and  departed.  CA.  berahi :  the 
longings  of  love. 

Berchinta  :  to  be  in  love. 

Berchintakan :  to  love ;  to  mourn  for.  Ba- 
ginda  tiyada  nobat  hijoh  hart  berchintakan 
Bendahara  :  the  prince  would  not  permit  the 
royal  drums  to  be  beaten  for  seven  days  dur- 
ing which  time  he  mourned  for  the  Bendahara ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  107. 

Menchinta :  (i)  to  love,  (2)  to  call  into 
existence  by  will-power;  =  iuenchita,  v.  chita, 
Maka  raja  indera  pun  menchinta  zanggi  terlalu 
bisar-nya :  then  the  King  conjured  up  a  negro 
of  enormous  size ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Cf.  also 
Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.  The  form  menyinta  also 
occurs;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Perchintaan :  sorrow ;  regret  for  a  beloved 
object ;  Ht.  Abd.,  3,  221,  292,  etc. 


^«^wL:>- 


jAx^ 


chSntadu.     (Kedah.) 
Also  sentadu. 


A  plant  (unidentified). 


chSntayu.     [Skr.  jatayiL]     A  fabulous  bird, 
which  is  supposed  to  be  eternally  calling  for 
Usually  jentayu,  q.  v. 


ram. 


^jiJ^>'  chantas.  Severance  by  a  single  blow  of  a 
sharp  instrument;  lopping  off;  pruning.  Di- 
chantas  leher  panggal  duwa  :  the  neck  was  cut 
through  at  a  blow ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 


chanting.  I.  A  bamboo  cup  or  pail  used 
for  drawing  water  from  a  ship's  water  tanks ; 
it  has  a  flexible  rattan  rope  attached  to  it. 
Cf.  gayong  and  chentong. 

II.     A  stone  attached  to  an  anchor  if  it  fails 
to  hold.     Also  anting-anting. 


jfcUJj-    chSntong.     I.      A   crest   running   along   the 
^    *       back  of  the  neck ;  a  tuft  of  feathers  which  can 


be  made  to  stand  erect, 
refers  to  a  fixed  tuft  only. 


Cf.  jambtily  which 


II.  A  kind  of  ladle  consisting  of  a  cup  of 
bamboo  with  a  handle  rising  vertically  up- 
wards— in  contradistinction  to  one  with  a 
horizontal  handle  (gayong),  or  with  a  flexible 
rattan  attached  to  it  (chanting), 

Chinteng.  [Chin. ;  Fukien  :  chhin4eng ;  Can- 
tonese: ts'un-teng,]  A  revenue  officer;  an 
employe  of  the  Opium  and  Spirit  Farm ;  a 
**chinting.'' 

chonteng  or  chunting.  The  act  of  smear- 
ing by  passing  a  substance,  which  leaves  a 
smear  or  mark  behind  it,  over  any  surface, 
Sakaliyan-nya  herchimting-chnnting  nmha -nya 
hitam :  all  had  their  faces  smeared  with  black- 
ing— as  gang-robbers;  Ht.  Abd.,  319.  Muka 
terchunting  arang :  a  face  blackened  with 
charcoal — a  metaphorical  expression  signify- 
ing that  a  man  has  had  an  unpardonable 
insult  put  on  him ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  26. 


t^l^yi^    Chintapuri.     A  kind  of  cloth  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 


ir^ 


tr^ 


{J^"""^^ 


Ji 


ohantek.     Pretty  ;   neat ;   nicely  got  up,  of  a 

person ;  w^ell  groomed,  of  a  horse.  Bersikat 
berminyak  berchantek-chantek :  combed  and 
oiled  and  neatly  turned  out;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  5. 

Apa  guna   berkain   batek, 

Kalau   tidak   dengan  suchi-nya  ? 

Apa   guna    berbini   chantek 

Kalan   tidak   dengan   budi-nya  ? 

of  what  use  is  it  to  w^ear  a  Javanese  sarong  if 
that  sarong  is  not  clean  ?  What  is  the  good 
of  being  married  to  a  pretty  woman  if  that 
woman  has  no  chastity  ? 

Chantnm  or  chentum.  Folding  together; 
bringing  together;  coming  together,  used  of 
the  folding  of  a  bundle  when  the  corners  and 
edges  are  gathered  into  the  hand  and  the  rest 
of  the  outer  covering  hangs  as  a  loose  sack. 

Charek-charek  bidu  ayam  lama4ama  iya  berchan- 
tnm  pnla  :  you  may  tear  a  fowl's  feathers  apart 
but  they  will  grow  together  again ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  103. 

chintamani.  A  short  gold-yellow^  snake 
the  finding  of  which  is  believed  to  augur 
good  luck  in  love ;  Sh.  Peng.,  5. 

Buwah   kedundong   masak   berhnvah, 
Makan   di-atas  permadani ; 

Tuwan   beruntong  lagi   bertnwah 
Sa-bagai  tilar  chintamani: 

you.    Sir,  bring   fortune    and  good   luck, 
does  the  snake,  the  chintamani. 

This  word    is    of    common 
incantations. 


as 


occurrence    m 


d^^'^    chontoh.     A  specimen ;    a  model  or  sample 
'       for   copying — as    distinct    from   a   design    or 
plan ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  g. 

4^>*    chincha.     Kain    chincha    dewati :    the    name 
t  '       given  to  a  cloth  mentioned  Sh.   Sri  Ben.,  53. 


CH^NCHALA 


[    265    ] 


OHANDA 


u^ 


0^^ 


^^^ 


Chdnchala.  (Kedah.)  A  bird  better  known 
elsewhere  by  the  name  mtirai  gila, 

chSnchalok.  A  reHsh  (sambal)  made  of 
small  prawns  (udang  kepai,) 

Chgnchawan.  A  part  of  the  anatomy  of  the 
knee ;  the  hollow  in  which  the  joint  rests. 

Minyak  ch.  :  the  oily  matter  in  the  patella  or 
knee-pan. 

Chgnchawi.  L  (Johor.)  A  bird  ;  a  kind  of 
swift  with  a  long  forked  tail.     Also  chechawi, 

11.     A  bridal  garment ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

chanchang.  Culminating  in  a  point ;  rising 
to  a  point — as  certain  forms  of  native  head- 
dress (Ht.  Abd.,  231),  or  as  a  dog's  tail. 

Lada  ch.  :  a  kind  of  red  pepper. 

Layar  ch,  :  a  triangular  sail. 

chenchang  or  chinchang.  The  act  of  cut- 
ting anything  with  a  slicing  blow  ;  chopping  ; 
slashing  at  anything.  Masmg-masing  menikain 
dan  menchenchang  mayat :  each  and  all  stabbed 
or  slashed  the  corpse;  Ht.  Abd.,  248.  Ayer 
di'Chenchang  tiyada  piitus  :  you  may  slash  at 
water  but  you  will  not  cut  it  in  two ;  Prov. 

Bertetak   chenchang:    slashing    to   pieces   by 
repeated  blows  ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

chencheng.  Running  away  as  fast  as  its 
legs  can  carry  it,  of  a  scared  child  or  frighten- 
ed dog. 

Chinchin.  A  ring.  Sa-pnloh  bentok  chinchin  : 
ten  rings;  Sej.  Mai.,  153.  Saperti  chinchin 
dengan  permata :  like  the  ring  and  its  gem  ; 
exactly  suiting  each  other;  Prov. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  96. 

Ch,  belah  rotan  :  a  ring  with  a  convex  outer 
surface  and  a  smooth  inner  surface. 
Ch.  berapit :  a  ring  with  two  stones. 
Ch,  bindu :  a  ring  with  one  stone. 
Ch,  bunga  nyior :  a  ring  of  open  chain  work. 
Ch,  chap  :  a  seal  ring. 

Ch,  ikat  balai :  a  ring  set  with  a  square  flat 
stone. 

Ch.  ikat  Belanda  or  ch,  ikat  Eropah :  a  ring 
with  a  stone  set  in  open  filigree  work  so  as 
to  permit  of  the  sides  being  seen. 

Ch,  kerajaan  :  a  sovereign's  signet  ring  ;  the 
seal  of  state. 

Ch.  kereta  :  a  plain  gold  ring  with  a  round 
surface. 

Ch.  konang-konang  sa-kebun  :  a  rin^  with  a 
large  stone  set  in  a  circlet  of  small  gems. 
Ch.  konang-konang  sa4aman :  id.;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 

Ch.  limasan  :  a  ring  set  with  one  stone  the 
surface  of  which  is  cut  like  a  pyramidal  roof. 

Ch.  mahar  :=ch.  kerajaan. 

Ch.  niata  tiga :  a  ring  set  with  three  stones. 


j^ 


j^ 


J^jf^ 


-u 


>^ 


Ch.  pachat  kennyang :  a  ring  of  uneven  width 
used  to  protect  the  linger  when  using  the  keris. 

Ch.  patah  biram  :  a  ring  that  takes  to  pieces  ; 
a  puzzle  ring.  Also  ch.  patah  smah  and  ch. 
ikat  snsah. 

Ch.  peler  itek,  ch.  pelitek  and  ch.  pinial  tiga  : 
a  ring  of  three  strands. 

Ch.  seken  (shake-hands)  :  a  ring  with  clasped 
hands  in  gold  on  it. 

Ch.  tanda  :  a  betrothal  ring. 

Ch,  tapak  gajah  :  (i)  a  massive  iron  mooring 
ring  on  a  wharf  for  the  use  of  ships,  (2)  a 
ring  with  a  large  octagonal  face, 

Ch.  titas:  a  ring  set  with  four  (or  more) 
stones  in  a  row. 

Ch.  wafak  :  a  talismanic  ring  with  the  horo- 
scope engraved  on  it, 

Liyang  ch,  :  the  hollow  enclosed  by  a  ring ; 
Ht.  Hamz.,  32. 

Si-kudong  dapat  chinchin :  a  maimed  man 
who  has  found  a  ring,  a  proverbial  description 
of  a  man  who  has  precious  opportunities 
which  he  is  unable  to  use. 


chinchau. 

^  "        sweet  jelly. 


[Chin. :    chhin-chhdu.]       A   cold 
Chinchanwan:  id.;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 


chinchu.  [Chin. :  tsim-tsii.]  The  supercargo 
of  a  Chinese-owned  ship  ;  the  owner's  repre- 
sentative; Pel.  x\bd.,  24;  Ht.  Gh. 

Chenchodak.     (Kedah.)     The    name  of   the 

well-known    saw-fish  or  small   sword-fish  ;  = 
(Riau,  Johor)  todak,  q,  v. 

Singapura   di-langgar  chenchodak, 
Orang   berkubu   batang  pisang ; 
Orang   tuwa  gila    ka-budak, 
Bagai   bulan  di-pagar   bintang : 
Singapore   was   attacked    by   the   sword-fish, 
and  the  people  made  a  fence  of  banana-stems. 


chenchurut.    The 

turi,  or  tikus  kestnri. 


musk-rat,    usually    tikus 


chanda.     I.     The  strip  of  wood  at  the  stern 
to  which  the  rudder  is  attached. 

n,  Ta' -chanda :  to  care  nothing  for,  to  set 
at  nought,  to  despise ;  Sh.  Bah.  Sing.,  7  ;  = 
ta'-endah. 

III.  [Skr. :  chhanda.]  Chanda  peti :  a 
secretaire;  a  casket  or  box  with  a  secret 
drawer  or  receptacle;  Ht.  Ism,  Yat.,  16.  The 
word  is  also  applied  (Riau,  Johor)  to  the  brass 
mountings  which  are  occasionally  put  on  a 
box  to  strengthen  it. 

IV.  A    short    stabbing 
Also  chandak. 


spear    or    javelin. 


V.  Sportiveness,  amusement,  mutual  jest- 
ing; Bint.  Tim.,  13  March,  1895; — a 
variant  of  senda,  q.v. 

VI.  Si'chanda-kiya  mana  :  what  slanderer, 
what  mischief-maker;  v.  chandakiya. 


34 


CHINDA 


[    266    ] 


ch£nd£rus 


J 


JjJP- 


X\JJJ>^ 


o^ 


\jjj>- 


Chinda.  A  great  grandson, — a  respectful 
diminutive  of  chichit^  q.  v, 

chlinda.  A  grandson ;  Sej.  Mai.,  12,  27  ;  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  448  ;  a  respectful  diminutive  of 
chuchUf  q.  V. 

cll^ZldaJia.  [Skr.  chanddla :  a  pariah ;  an 
outcast ;  a  man  who  has  forfeited  all  caste  or 
who  is  born  a  pariah.]  Shameless ;  low ;  mean ; 
ignoble.  Per  await  sekarang  laku-nya  chendala  : 
the  modern  maiden  behaves  like  a  harlot ; 
Marsd,  Gr.  211.     Also  jendala. 

chSndana.  [Skr.  chandana,]  Kayit  chendana  : 
sandalwood,  santalum  album ;  Sh.  Pant-  ShL,  2. 
Sudah  geharii  chendana  pula  :  you  have  done 
with  agila-wood  and  now  it  is  a  case  of  san- 
dal-wood again  !  — a  proverbial  equivalent  for 
its  fellow-rhyme  **  sudah  tahvt  bertanya  pula,'' 
(you  have  been  told  once  and  here  you  come 
asking  the  same  question  again)  ;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XL,  56. 1 

Ch,  kuning  :  the  common  sandal-wood. 

Ch.  janggi :  red  sandal-wood. 

Ch,  kering :  dry  scentless  sandal- w^ood ;  a 
term  of  abuse. 

Ayer  ch. :  water  used  at  burial;  cf.  Sh. 
May.,  5. 

chSndawan.  A  generic  name  applied  to 
poisonous  fungi,  mostly  agarici.  The  name 
is  also  given  to  a  legendary  fungus  of  gigan- 
tic size  believed  to  grow  in  the  sea  and  to 
shelter  the  fish ;  Sh.  L  M.  P.,  13. 

Mabok  ch. :  (literally)  delirious  as  the  result 
of  eating  poisonous  fungi  by  mistake  for 
mushrooms ;  (by  metaphor)  love-sick ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  75,  142  ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pung.,  18 ;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg. ; — used  of  the  condition  of  women 
only,  when  overcome  by  desire,  Chendawan 
in  this  expression,  and  in  many  pantuns,  has 
a  double  meaning. 

Ch,  batang :  a  dry  brown  fungus  growing  on 
old  rotten  tree  stems,  lentinus  exilis. 

Ch,  boreng :  a  woody  scarlet  fungus  common 
on  wood,  used  in  native  medicine  as  an 
astringent. 

Ch,  ipoh  :  a  white  agaric  with  dull  violet  fur 
on  the  top. 

Ch.  jemput-jemput  :  a  bun-shaped  black 
polished  fungus  growing  on  w^ood,  daldinia 
vernicosa. 


e.  g.  :-- 


I  This  expression  is  common  in  pantuns ; 
Lepas  geharu  chhidana  pula, 

Rama-rama   terbang  ka-pikan ; 
Sudah   tahu  bSrtanya  ptila^ 

Dart  sa4ama  patch  sembahkan. 

Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
Sudah  geharu  chendana  pula, 

TUah   temu  di~dalam  puwan ; 
Sudah  tahu  bertanya  pula, 

Hendak  b^rjumpa  gSrangan,   tuwan  ? 

Ht.  Ind.  Bang.,  37. 
See  also  a  similar  pantun  ;  Ht.  Ahm.  Md.,  42. 


Ch,  karang :  the  branched  fungi  known  in 
England  as  witches'  butter,  clavaria,  various 
species.     Also  applied  to  stereum  nitidulum. 

Ch,  nierah  :  =  ch,  boreng, 

Ch,  rambut  ali :  a  very  common  plant  with 
hair-like  stems  running  over  dead  leaves, 
marasmim  gordipes, 

Ch,  st-mangkok :  a  small  cup-shaped  fungus 
growing  on  wood,  cyathula,  sp. 

Ch,  telekong :  a  white  fungus  with  a  beauti- 
ful white  lacework  veil  hanging  from  the 
upper  part ;  dictyophora  campanulata, 

Ch,  telinga  kera :  a  brown  woody  fungus, 
polystictus  xerampelimis, 

Ch,  telinga  tiyong :  a  bright  orange  red 
fungus;  agaricus,  sp. 

Ch,  tumbong  kelapa  :  a  yellow  ball-shaped 
fungus,  scleroderma  flavo-crocatum. 

Other  unidentified  varieties  are  :  ch,  kulat 
pongsUf  ch,  puteh  mata,  ch,  tekukor,  and  ch, 
biring, 

chendayam.  Pleasant  to  look  at,  beautiful  ; 
Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  16,  17. 

chandat.  A  kind  of  hook  with  several  un- 
barbed  points  used  (chandat  chari-chari)  for 
fishing  up  sunken  cables,  or  (chandat  sotong) 
for  catching  cuttle-fish. 


chandit.     The  extremity  of  a  native  anchor 
to  which  the  cable  is  not  directly  attached. 

Tali  ch,  :   a  loop  at  this  end  of  the  anchor 
through  which  the  cable  passes. 


jJ,L>-    chSndor  =  chmdlra,  II  and  III,  q.  v. 


;-Xl>- 


\^JU.>. 


ch§nd6ra.  I.  [Skr.  chandra,  the  moon.] 
The  name  given  to  an  inferior  race  of  divini- 
ties like  the  Indras,  Mambangs,  Peris,  etc. 
^Adat  ch,  :  the  customs  of  these  divinities ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  24,  104.  Muda  ch.  :  young 
and  fair  like  one  of  these  divinities ;  Ht,  Sh. 
Kub. 

II.  Deep,  of  sleep  ;  =  nyedar. 

Sir  eh  sa-kapor  di-makan  kera^ 
Pekan  podak  di-dalam  perahu ; 

Di-bawa  tidor  tiyada  chendera, 
Makan  ta' -hendak,    tidor   ta'-mahu  : 

she  is  carried  to  bed  but  she  will  not  sleep  ; 
she  is  unwilling  to  eat  and  unwilling  to 
slumber ;  Ht.  Koris. 

III.  Chhidera  mata  :  a  present ;    a  gift  to 
an  equal ;  Marsd.  Gr.,  137. 


u\> 


U^J 


chandarasa. 

of  Rawana. 


[Skr.  chandrahdsa,]  The  sword 


chfindSrus.  (Penang.)  The  removal  of  evil 
odour  from  oil;  anything  put  into  oil  to 
remove  its  strong  smell. 


ch£nd£rasari 


[  267  ] 


^j^j-^^ 


ChdndSrasari.       [From   chandra  and  sari  ?] 
A  bird  (unidentified) ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  23. 


^jy^J"^^  ch^ndSrasuri.  [  Skr.  from  chandra  and 
surya  ?]  The  name  of  a  tree  (gandasuli  ?) ;  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  70. 


b 


^yj 


chSndgrong  or  chondSrong.  A  leaning  or 
inclination  to  a  side.  Pohtm  bidara  ch. :  a 
bidara  tree  that  is  not  erect,  that  inclines  in 
one  direction  ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  19.  Ch,  hati :  men- 
tal leanings,  inclinations  or  desires  ;  Ht.  Isk. 
Dz.     Also  chondong,  q.  v. 

ch§nd6ramuliya.  [  Skr.  chandra-nmliya  ?  ] 
An  edible  fruit ;  a  tree  bearing  an  edible  fruit 
something  like  ^janggus;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  106, 
no. 


a  1  Jaj>-    Ch6nd6ru.     A  tree  with  golden  yellow  flowers, 
^        '       diplanthera  bancana. 

U^yJ"^^    chendSrawasa.     See  chenderawaseh. 


4«*«A  \Jcc>- 


chSndSrawaseh.  [  Skr.  chandra-wansa  ?  ] 
The  bird  of  paradise ;  the  most  beautiful  of 
birds;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.;  Sh.  Bur.  Pung.,  3;  Sh. 
Ik.  Trub.,  13;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  6;  Sh.  Kumb. 
Chumb.,  5  ;  a  metaphor  for  the  most  beauti- 
ful of  women.  Sebab  karena  chenderawaseh 
7nerak  mas  sehaya  lepas-kan :  (lit.)  for  the  sake 
of  the  bird  of  paradise  I  left  the  golden  pea- 
cock ;  (metaphorically)  I  abandoned  a  beauti- 
ful woman  for  the  sake  of  the  fairest  woman  of 
all. 

Bnrong  chenderawaseh 
Ekor  panjang  dada   puteh, 
Terbang  turun    btdeh, 
Terbang  naik   ta'-bideh : 

a  bird  of  paradise  with  a  long  tail  and  a  white 
breast  which  can  fly  down  but  not  fly  up, — a 
Malay  riddle  to  which  the  answer  is  upeh  hiroh 
daripada  mayang. 

The  bird  of  paradise  not  being  indigenous  to 
Malay  countries,  this  word  is  applied  indiffer- 
ently to  very  beautiful  birds  or  birds  with  very 
beautiful  plumage,  such  as  the  golden  oriole 
or  the  ostrich ;  Ht.  Abd.,  223.  The  forms 
chenderawangsa  chenderawangseh  and  chendera- 
wasa  are  also  met  with. 


L/^JiJ'^T  Ch6nd6rawangsa.     See  chenderawaseh. 


A..MUP 


-j^Ja;>-  ch6nd§rawangseh. 


See  chenderawaseh. 


^j 


ch§nd§rai.     A  generic  name  given  to  several 
plants,  viz. : — 

Ch,  gajah  :  croton  argyratus, 

Ch,  paya  :  grewia  miqueliana. 

Ch,  rimba  :  grewia  fibrocarpa. 

Akar  ch, :  grewia  umbellata. 


9^Xj> 


o-^ 


\il 


-U^ 


J^ 


CHANDAL 


chsmdaixg.  I.  Berani  ch, :  the  courage  of  a 
man  who  does  not  know  when  he  is  beaten  ; 
pertinacious  and  undaunted  courage. 

11.     (Kedah.)     A  carved  drinking  vessel. 

chaixdong.  Parang  ch, :  a  species  of  chopper 
of  which  the  blade  and  handle  are  in  one 
piece  ; — e.  g, : 

Pisau  rant  hulu-nya   mas^ 

Chandong  berhulu  sendiri-nya  : 
Di'tengah   latit  jangan-lah  chemas, 
Ombak   berpaUi  sama  sindiri-nya : 
a  phau  rant  with  a  handle  of  gold ;  a  chandong 
with  itself  as  a  handle;  Pel.  Abd.,  108. 

chondong.  Out  of  the  perpendicular  ;' inclin- 
ing or  leaning  towards  one  side.  Matahari 
ch. :  the  setting  sun. 

Chondong  is  also  used  (by  metaphor)  of  a  per- 
son having  an  inclination  or  leaning  in  any 
direction.  Chondong  kapada  kekayaan  dunya  : 
with  a  leaning  towards  the  wealth  of  this 
world  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  337.  Terchondong  hati-nya 
akan  Kubdd  Lela  Indera  :  his  favour  inclined 
towards  Kubad  Lela  Indra  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Menchondongkan  hati:  to  incline  towards, 
Menyondongkan  hati :  id.;  Ht.  Sh,  Mard. 

Cf.  chonderong, 

Chundang.  K^chundang  Q,nd  pechtmdang :  the 
relation  in  which  the  defeated  stands  to  the 
conqueror.  Jangan4ah  kita  dapat  kechimdang: 
let  us  not  allow  ourselves  to  be  numbered 
among  his  conquests;  Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  30. 
Simggoh  elok  ayam  tambatan,  siidah  Mchimdang 
kami :  fair  indeed  is  the  fowl  tied  up  (for  you 
to  slaughter)  but  she  is  already  a  conquest  of 
mine  (said  to  a  bridegroom  by  a  former  lover 
of  the  bride);  Sh.  Peng.,  4.  Cf.  chena^  china 
(in  china  but  a)  and  chinna. 

Chandak.  L  Jav.  To  stab  with  a  short 
heavy  spear ;  a  javelin  ;  a  short  lance. 

II.  The  drawing  in  of  a  part  of  a  fishing 
line.  Also  sandak.  Used  of  a  man  who  after 
throwing  out  his  line  draws  in  a  small  portion. 


chandek.    I. 

fork  of  a  tree. 


Parasitic   growths   under  the 


II.  A  regular  and  recognized  concubine — 
as  distinct  from  an  inferior  wife  (gundek)  or 
from  a  casual  and  temporary  mistress  (jamah- 
jamahan)  of  a  Malay  raja ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  169. 

chandakiya.  [Hind,  chhandi-kya,]  Si-chan- 
dakiya  mana  :  what  deceiver,  what  slanderer ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  80; — kiya  being  the  Hind,  kya, 
what  =  mana. 

chandaL     I.     Difficult  ;=st^fear;  KL,  Pijn. 

II.  (Hind.  =  Skr.  chanddla)  loose;  foul- 
mouthed  ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 

III.  Jarring  upon  the  senses;  =janggaL 


CHENDOL 


[    268    ] 


CHUWACHA 


Jj^  chendol.  A  kind  of  thin  broth  with  cooked 
cakes  of  flour  floating  in  it. 

^^Al>-  ohandan.  [Hind. :  sandal-wood.]  A  fragrant 
wood;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  32; 
cf.  chendana. 


j«U>-  chandu.  I.  Prepared  opium;  opium  pre- 
pared for  smoking.  Orang  inakan  chandu :  an 
opium  smoker ;  Ht.  Abd.,  307.  Saperti  orang 
pemakan  chandu,  dengan  chandu  sampai  mati  : 
like  an  opium  smoker,  once  an  opium  smoker 
always  an  opium  smoker ;  Prov.  Pajak  ch, : 
the  Opium  Farm ;  Ht.  Abd.,  232. 

n.  Chandu  peti :  a  secretaire,  a  box  with 
secret  compartments  in  it ;  better  chanda  peti, 
s.  V.  chanda, 

(5>-^^  ChSnduwai.  Elopement,  abduction  for  im- 
moral purposes, — used  especially  of  the  entice- 
ment of  women  by  magic  arts  as  practised  by 
the  Sakais.  Berchenduwai :  to  seduce  to  illicit 
intercourse;  to  persuade  to  or  arrange  for 
illicit  relations. 


^-Xl^*  chindai.  Brightly  marked  ;  gay — of  colour- 
ing; gay  patterns  in  cloth;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw., 
40;  Ht.  Sh. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Sh.  Bid., 
123,  etc. 

Ch.  beludu :  velvet  dyed  with  a  bright  pattern. 

Ch,  betina :  a  brightly  coloured  but  delicate 
pattern  of  cloth  such  as  that  worn  by  Court 
damsels  as  a  scarf  (selendang).  Also  ch.  sari  : 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

Ch.  jantan :  cloth  of  a  bright  large  pattern 
such  as  may  be  worn  as  a  sash  or  belt. 

Ch.  sari  :  v.  ch.  betina. 

Ular  sawa  ch. :  a  brightly  marked  python, 
python  reticulatus. 

Tapak  ch. :  patches  or  checks  of  a  variegated 
pattern  of  bright  colours;  Ht.  Ind,  Nata. 

Mati  berkapan  ch. :  lit.  to  die  in  a  shroud 
of  bright  colours, — an  idiomatic  expression 
describing  a  liaison  between  a  man  and  a 
woman  who  is  in  rank  far  above  him ;  cf. 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  157;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi,,  6. 


chandi.  I.  A  monument;  a  mausoleum;  a 
memorial;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 
Tiyang  ch. :  a  memorial  pillar, — such  as  one 
erected  to  commemorate  the  visit  of  some 
great  dignitary  to  a  relatively  unimportant 
place,  or  some  similarly  rare  event. 

II.      Restive,    of    a   horse;    forward,    of    a 
woman. 


kX:>-    chdnong.     A  fixed  steady  ga2:e  at  anything ; 
^  *        an  abstracted  look  ;:=:menong,  q.  v. 


jj-SsJL?^  chSnangkaS.  A  species  of  heavy  sword  or 
chopper  used  as  a  weapon ;  Pel.  Abd.,  41 ; 
Sh.  Lamp.,  34. 

^i^^*^  chSnangga.  I.  [Skr.  chihnangga.]  A 
natural  malformation  or  deformity;  a  birth- 
mark. 

II.     (Kedah.)     The  suite  of  a  raja. 


^j^  chSnak.  Tulang  chenak :  the  collar-bone ; 
C.  and  S. 

(3*^  chSnok.  Minyak  chenok  :  (Kedah)  a  vegetable 
obtained  from  the  tree  diplocnemia  sebifera  : 
(Riau,  Johor)  minyak  kawang  or  tengkawang. 


J 


KL> 


pr=r 


chanigara.  (  Kawi. )  Bnnga  chanigara :  a 
white  flower  (unidentified) ;  Ht.  Sh. 

chgnoram  or  ch§nuram.  ( Kedah. )  A 
declivity;  very  sloping  ground;  an  almost 
precipitous  incline ;  cf.  churam. 

Tinggi   rendah  naik   bu^kit, 

Tanah   chenoram   berchampor   batu; 

Melayu  perchaya   hantu  pelesit, 
Bomor  jampi   di-pukul  penyapu : 

ascending  that  hill  means  rising  and  descend- 
ing, the  ground  is  steep  and  besprinkled  with 
cliff's. 


jyj>-    chSnonot.     I.     (Kedah.)      The  extremity  of 
the  back-bone ;  (Riau,  Johor)  tulang  tongkeng, 

11.     (Riau.)     Sucking  at  the  breast. 


IJyj>-    chSnonok.      (Trengganu.)     The  breast-bone 
of  a  sheep  or  ox  ;  cf.  chenonot. 

\d:>-    chfinela.     [Port. :  chinela.]     A  slipper. 

A>-    cho.     See  choche. 


JrT 


chu.     I.      [Chin. :  chlu.]     Arrack. 

II.  (Kedah.)  Youngest  uncle ;  (Singapore) 
pa'  sti,  (Riau)  pa'  su  or  pa*  chu,  (Johor)  pa'  bus7i, 
(Bencoolen)  pa'  unchu; — all  variants  of  bapa 
bongsu. 


u>-    chuwa.     Not  pleasing,  unsatisfactory,  unfor- 
*       tunate;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


eW 


chuwacha.  [Skr.  swachchha.]  The  clearness 
of  the  atmosphere ;  clear;  transparent;  pellu- 
cid— of  the  atmosphere.  Ch.  baik :  fine  bright 
weather;  Ht.  Abd.,  453.  Cherahch.:  id.;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah.  Terang  chuwacha:  id.  TBrang 
chuwacha  menjadi  kelam  kabut :  the  brightness 
of  the  day  was  turned  to  gloom, — a  common 
description  of  a  fierce  battle  with  clouds  of 
arrows  darkening  the  sun. 


CHUWALI 


[    269    ] 


CHUTI 


S\ 


yr 


chuwali.  (Kawi.)  Excepting;  saving;  ex- 
clusive of;  making  exceptions;  with  some 
exceptions.  Kechuwali :  id. — the  usual  form ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  4,  24,  139;  Marsd.  Gr.,  211,  Pel, 
Abd.,  loi ;  J.  I.  A.,  I.,  82.  Kechuwali  kebci- 
nyakan  :  many ;  most,  but  I  make  exceptions. 
Tabek  kechuwali :  saving  your  presence ; 
saving  the  presence  of  some  of  you  ;  present 
company  always  excepted. 

Enche*  Ali  orang  Semarang 

Singgah   berulam  puchok   ketapang ; 

Tabek   chuwali  muda   sekarang 

Mulut-nya   manis   lidah   berchabang : 

saving  your  presence,  the  young  men  of  to-day 
have  honeyed  mouths  and  serpent-tongues, 
i.  e.,  are  pleasant-spoken  but  insincere. 


^^J>•    chuwani.     A  kind  of  cloth;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


^JT 


o^ 


'JT 


choba  or  chuba.  Test;  testing;  the  act  or 
process  of  trying  or  testing.  Perchaya4ah  iya 
akandiya  dengan  tiyada  di-choba-nya  iya-kah 
atau  tidak  :  they  believe  it  without  testing 
whether  it  is  so  or  not ;    Ht.  Abd.,  4. 

Choba'i :  to  hold  a  test,  to  make  a  trial ;  Ht. 
GuL  Bak.,  47.  Mmchoba :  id. ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  20.     Menchobai:  id.;  Ht.  Gul.   Bak.,  8, 

Chobakan  :  to  test,  to  put  to  the  test,  to  try ; 
Sh.  Sg,  Kanch.,  34.  Mcnchobakan :  id. ;  Ht. 
Abd. 


205. 


Penchoba  :    a  trial  or  test ;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  16. 

In  colloquial  language,  choba  is  used  in  the 
sense  of  '*  just,"  ''  please,"^ ''  kindly."  Choba 
tanya  kapada  guni-uya  itu  :  just  ask  that  teacher 
of  their's  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  94.  Choba-lah  tuwan  sen- 
dirt  pergi  bandingkan  tulisan  sehaya  itu  dengan 
kitab  Kdmiis  itu :  will  you  kindly  compare  what 
I  have  written  with  (the  spelling  adopted  in) 
that  dictionary ;  Ht.  Abd.,  151. 


chubit.  Pinching;  pressure  between  finger 
and  thumb.  Di-chubit  paha  kanan,  kiri  pun 
sakitjtiga :  the  right  thigh  is  pinched  and  the 
left  also  feels  the  pain  ;  punish  one  member  of 
a  family  and  the  others  will  also  suffer ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  98.  Buwaiyan  pun  di-gonchang 
anak  pun  di-chubit ;  to  rock  the  cradle  while 
pinching  the  child ;  to  do  a  bad  turn  under 
cover  of  a  kindness;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL, 
43- 

Mcnchubit  or  menyubit  (Ht.  Ind.  Nata) :  to 
pinch. 

Chubit  is  confined  in  use  to  a  pinch,  holding 
a  fair  amount  of  flesh,  not  merely  nipping  a 
httle  flesh,  whether  between  finger  and 
thumb  (getil)  or  between  the  thumb  and 
finger-nails  (seliseh),  nor  is  it  used  of  mere 
painless  pressure  as  in  massage  (pichit),  nor 
of  a  pinch  which  includes  a  simultaneous 
pull  (chengkam)  or  twist  (piyat),  Cf.  also 
chobek,  sepit,  getu^  kepit,  tindas,  pejam  and  apit. 


j^    chobar.        Torn ;      rent     down   the   middle. 
'       Chobar-chabir :  tattered  and  torn;  cf.  chabir, 
chobaky  chabek,  etc. 

{j*^.j>'  chobis.  A  long  chip  knocked  off  the  edge  of 
anything,  e,  g.,  a  splinter  from  the  edge  of  a 
table. 


&^yT 


&^yT 


Cr^ 


chobak.  Ch.-chabek  :  tattered  or  torn  at  the 
edge;  cf.  robak-rabek, 

Orang  Padang   lain   berempat, 

C hobak'chabek   tepi   kain-nya ; 
Sudah  hilang,   mana-kan  dapat, 
Chari  lain  akan  ganti-nya : 

four  men  of  Padang  passed  by  with  the  edge 
of  their  sarongs  all  tattered. 

chobek.     1.     A  pinch,  in  the  sense  of  a  pinch 

of  snuff  or  of  tobacco,  or  as  a  small  quantity 
of  food  picked  up  between  the  finger  and 
thumb  and  put  into  the  mouth  to  test  the 
taste;  cf.  chubit, 

n.     An  earthenware  saucer  for  sarnbaL 

choban  or  chuban.  A  kind  of  needle  of 
horn  or  bamboo  used  in  repairing  nets  or  in 
working  with  gold  thread. 


-^yr 


l->a>*    chuwat.      Projecting;    stretching    out    to   a 
*        point;   erecting  itself;   the  motion  of  projec- 
tion or  erection  in   contradistinction  to  the 
position  when  erect. 

chuwit.  I.  A  playful  tap  or  blow  with  the 
finger;  a  touch  with  the  finger,  not  to  give 
pain  but  to  attract  attention  silently ;  a  signal 
with  the  finger  signifying  ''go  away";  to 
jerk  the  tail  aimlessly  up  and  down,  of  a 
bird;  to  wander  about  doing  nothing;  Sh. 
Kumb.  Chumb.,  17;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI.,  37. 

II.     A  gathering  under  the  finger-nail. 
chotet.     The  projection  of  the  extreme  point 


■i??" 


only ;  sticking  out  the  end  or  tip. 


^^y^    chutap.     A  shiny  black  waist-buckle. 

rj  v>.    chotek.     Sa-chotek  :  a  small  portion,  a  crumb 
'        or   infinitesimal   fragment.      Kerja    berchotek- 
chotek :  to  work  in  driblets. 

J3a>-  chotok.  I.  The  small  comb  or  fleshy 
protuberance  found  on  the  upper  part  of  the 
beak  where  the  beak  begins  to  project  from 
the  skull. 

II.     Projecting  above  the  surface,  of  a  low 
flat  rock. 

c^    Chutam.      An    amalgam   of    iron,    gold  and 
»-^       silver. 

J^    Chuti.     [Hind,    chhuiti.]       Leave;    leave    of 
•       absence. 


CHUCHA 


[    270    ] 


CHODAK 


«^j>-    ohucha.     I.     A  spell  to  silence  i  or  humiliate 
^  '       one's  enemy  or  to  make  him  lose  his  power  ; 
V.  Ht.  Abd.,  154;  J.  L  A.,  I.,  312. 

IL     Abuse;  snarling;  railing  at  anyone,  KL; 
an  equivalent  of  cherecha,  q.  v. 


>l^    Chuchut.     Jav.     The  shark  ;  Kam.  Kech.,  6. 


j^^    Chuchor.        I.        [Onom.  ?— cf.    chor.]      The 
•     '       flowing    of  liquid   in   a   very   small   stream ; 
dropping  fairly  profusely ;  trickling. 

Chuchoran  atap :  the  edge  of  a  roof;  the 
eaves;  the  place  over  which  the  water  trickles. 
Cf.  pemdoran  atap. 

Clmchori :  to  sprinkle ;  to  let  water  drij)  or 
fall  on  anything;  Sh.  Bid.,  32 ;  Sh.  Jur.  Bud., 
43.  Chuchorkan :  id. ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Mm- 
chuchorkan :  id.  Menyuchorkan :  id. ;  Ht. 
Koris;  Sh.  May.,  4.  Maka  Betara  Indera  dan 
Begawan  Narada  pun  menchuchorkan  ayer  ntama 
jiwa  itii  ka-mtika-nya  Sa7tg  Ranjtma  :  the  Holy 
Indra  and  the  Blessed  Narada  besprinkled  the 
face  of  Arjuna  with  the  water  of  the  Spirit  of 
Life;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

n.  A  generic  name  given  to  cakes  made  of 
hard-baked  pastry.  Penganan  ch. :  id. ;  Pel.. 
Abd.,  35. 

HI.  A  bird,  podargus  javanensis.  Taknt 
akan  biirong  chuchor :  fearing  the  chtwhor  bird ; 
Ht.  Perb.  Jaya.  Chuchor  kepudang  better - 
bangan  :  chuchor  and  kepudang  birds  in  flight ; 
Ht.  Sh.  This  bird  is  a  night-bird  with  a 
loud  note. 

IV.     A  small  species  of  wasp  ;  C.  and  S. 


CPT 


ctTJ^ 


chuchong. 

Sh.     Kub. ; 
kakang,  etc. 


Grandson ;   Ht. 

=  chtichu,     q.     ' 


Ind.  Jaya;   Ht. 
Cf.     bapangy 


Chuchok.  I.  The  act  of  driving  a  sharp- 
pointed  instrument  into  anything ;  the  act  of 
piercing ;  the  leader  of  a  charge  to  pierce  the 
enemy^s  line;  the  condition  of  having  been 
pierced ;  perforation  ;  perforated.  Saperti  ker- 
ban  chuchok  hidong :  like  a  buffalo  with  a  hole 
through  his  nose ;  a  man  bound  to  follow  in 
whichever  way  he  is  led ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  61. 
Di-chuchok  hidong  dengan  tartng-nya :  the 
(lion's)  nose  was  pierced  by  the  (boar's)  tusk  ; 
Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  22.  Saperti  manek  tanggal 
daripada  chuchok-nya :  like  gems  fallen  from 
their  strings ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Chuchok  kajang  : 
the  making  of  kajang  mats  by  passing  a  piece 
of  rattan  through  the  pandanus  leaves  to  hold 
them  together ;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  8. 


I  Cf.  the  following  pantun  :— 

Bacha  surat  di-dalam  kota, 

Dayang  raja  mart  menghtdap : 
KBna  ckucha   tiyada   t^rkata 

Bingong  laksana  khia  p^rengap. 


JrTJr^ 


^y: 


c^j=r 


Ch,  mata  seluwang :  blinding  by  magical 
devices,  in  the  process  of  which  the  magician 
pokes  out  the  eye  of  a  seluwang  fish ;  blind- 
ness accompanied  by  no  signs  of  disease,  and 
attributed  by  Malays  to  magic  arts, 

Ch.  senjata:  the  leader  of  a  charge;  the  war- 
rior placed  in  the  extreme  van  to  strike  the 
first  blow ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 
Also  simply  chuchok;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

Chuchokkan :  to  pierce ;  to  perforate — e.  g*., 
to  pin  down  entomological  specimens  in  a 
collection ;  Ht.  Abd.,  88. 

Berchuchok-chuchok  :  in  strings ;  strung  to> 
gether — as  jasmine  buds  in  a  native  garland  ; 
Pel.  Abd.,  79. 

Menchuchok :  to  pierce,  to  perforate,  to  dig 
sharp  points  into  anything.  Menyuchok  :  id. 
Menchuchok  di-dalam  ulu  hati :  sharp  shooting 
pains  in  the  liver — the  result  of  indigestion. 
Telunjok  menchuchok  mata :  the  forefinger  pokes 
up  the  eye;  a  man  who  injures  himself  or 
is  his  own  enemy  ;  Prov. 

Menchuchokkan :  to  use  anything  for  piercing ; 
to  pierce  with  (anything).  Naga  itu-pun  men- 
chuchokkan ekor-nya :  the  dragon  stabbed  at 
him  with  his  tail ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 

Terchuchok :  pierced.  Sadikit  salah  melang- 
kah  terchuchok  di-kaki :  if  you  made  a  false 
step,  you  got  your  foot  pierced  (of  a  way 
beset  with  pitfalls) ;  Ht.  Abd.,  342. 

n.     Teasing.     Also  chuchoh,  q.  v. 

chuchu.  Grandchild  ;  a  grandchild  of  either 
sex.  Anak  ch,  :  children  and  grandchildren  ; 
descendants  generally ;  Ht.  Abd.,  264.  Cf. 
chunda,  chuchunda  and  chuchong. 

Chuchoh.  L  Setting  anything  alight;  put- 
ting fire  to  anything.  Ch.  meriyam  :  firing  a 
cannon  by  the  application  of  a  match  to  the 
touch-hole  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  57.  Di-chuchoh  orang- 
lah  sumbu  itu  serta  berlari4ah  orang  semuwa- 
nya  :  some  one  lit  the  fuse  and  then  all  ran 
away ;  Ht.  Abd.,  66. 

Penyuchoh  :  (Kedah)  a  mischief-maker ;  also 
known  as  batu  api. 

n.     Teasing  ;  verbal  annoyance. 

choche.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  Chinese 
talking ;  the  general  impression  left  on  the 
Malay  ear  by  Chinese  speech.  Cf.  kaskus  and 
gerok'gerak. 

This  word  is  pronounced  through  the  nose, 
e.  g.^  cho'*^  che^K 


^^ 


o^JT 


chuchi.  The  act  of  cleansing — in  contradis- 
tinction to  the  state  of  cleanliness  (suchi.) 

Birchuchi :  to  cleanse. 

Ketam  ch.  :  a  plane. 

chodak.  Menchodak :  to  hold  the  head  aloft, 
of  a  swimming  snake.  Cf.  todak  and 
chenchodak. 


CHUWAR 


[    271    ] 


CHUPING 


J^rr 


jyr 


chuwar.  Projecting ;  sticking  far  up  or  far 
out — of  a  moving  and  much  extended  object, 
such  as  a  mast ;  cf.  chtiwat,  which  refers  to 
shorter  objects,  and  chotet, 

chura.  Jesting ;  joking ;  inability  or  unwil- 
Hngness  to  treat  a  thing  seriously.  Pelandok 
orang  yang  chura :  the  dwarf-deer,  that  per- 
petual joker  ;  Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  19.  Bermadah 
chura  :  to  jest ;  to  speak  with  a  double  mean- 
ing, poking  fun  at  one's  companion  ;  Bint. 
Timor,  16  January,  1895. 

Siti,    weh  I  jangan   berbuwat  chura, 
Baik   baik  pikir  dengan   bichara  : 

oh,  lady !  do  not  turn  it  off  with  a  jest ;  think 
of  it  earnestly,  think  of  it  with  seriousness ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 


'•^J^  churat.  Gushing  out  with  violence— of  any 
liquid. 

Ch.  bintang  :  a  falling  star ;  also  cheret  bin- 
tang. 

Ch,  merepet :  nonsensical  gush. 

\jj^  chorot  or  churut.  I.  Bringing  up  the  rear  ; 
being  the  last  to  arrive.  Penchorot :  one  that 
is  always  last — as  a  horse  or  boat  which 
never  does  well  at  racing ;  the  last ;  a  laggard. 

II.  (Singapore,  but  properly  Javanese.) 
The  spout  of  anything.  Ch,  cherek  :  the  spout 
of  a  kettle.  Ch.  pelita  :  the  spout  of  a  native 
lamp,  the  wick-holder. 


chorang. 

a  cheat. 


Cheating  at   games.     Penchorang : 


h^ 


OJfT 


choreng.  Streaked  with  vertical  streaks,  as 
a  man  upon  whom  paint  or  mud  has  fallen. 

Ch.-moreng :  streaked  in  all  directions, 
vertically  and  otherwise — as  a  mud-stained 
man  who  has  repeatedly  changed  his  posi- 
tion and  has  so  allowed  the  mud  to  flow  in 
various  directions;  Ht.  Abd.,  24. 

chorong  or  churong.  I.  A  receptacle  for 
sireh,  a  tray  or  platter  not  resting  on  legs  like 
Rcherana;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 
Also  jorong. 

11.  A  cylindrical  funnel  such  as  is  used  for 
pouring  oil  or  any  other  liquid  through  a 
narrow  orifice  ;  the  chimney  of  a  lamp  ;  the 
passage  through  which  water  is  allowed  to 
escape  from  the  scuppers  of  a  ship. 

chorak  or  churak.  I.  The  prevailing 
background ;  the  general  colouring  of  a  sarong; 
the  general  impression  left  upon  the  eye  as 
regards  its  colour.  Seri  Perak  lama  ta'- 
berchorak  :  the  glory  of  Perak  has  long  had 
its  colour  washed  out — an  epigram  on  the 
fate  of  the  **  Sri  Perak"  newspaper;  Bint. 
Timor,  23  February,  1895. 

II.  Chorak'charek :  tattered  and  torn;  Ht. 
Ind.  Nata.     Cf.  chobak-chabek. 


i3jyT 


pyr 


V^T 


^jjT 


chorek.     The  long  narrow  lines  marking  the 

grain  of  certain  woods  ;  long  parallel  lines  in 
a  pattern. 

choram  or  churam.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Ex- 
tremely sloping  ;  a  sharp  declivity ;  an  almost 
precipitous  incline ;  cf.  chenoram.  Tebing 
sungai  itu  tirlalu  amat  tinggi  dan  churam-nya  : 
the  bank  of  the  river  was  very  high  and  steep ; 
Ht.  Al.,  42. 

churah  or  chorah.  Emptying  out ;  poured 
out  to  the  last  drop  or  grain — as  rice  from  a 
sack  or  water  from  a  bottle.  Churahkan :  to 
empty  out ;  Pel.  Abd.,  128.  Harapkan  gtmtor 
di-langit  ayer  di-tempayan  di-churahkan  :  trust- 
ing to  the  sound  of  an  approaching  thunder- 
storm to  empty  out  the  water  in  one's  storing 
jar ;  to  count  one's  chickens  before  they  are 
hatched;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  80;  Sh,  Kumb. 
Chumb.,  20. 

churi.  I.  [Hind.  ?]  Theft  ;  thieving  ; 
surreptitious  and  dishonest  removal,  as  distinct 
from  robbery  with  violence.  Churi-churi : 
stealthily  ;  surreptitiously. 

Kechuriyan  :  (i)  thievish  behaviour ;  (2)  = 
kena  churi.  Rumah  terbakar  banyak  kechuriyan  : 
the  houses  were  burnt  and  much  thieving 
went  on  ;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  4,  Patek  kechuri- 
yan pada  malam  tadi :  I  was  the  victim  of  a 
theft  last  night ;  Ht.  Bakht.,  73. 

Menchuri :  to  steal;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  113; 
Ht.  Abd.,  28,  305,  365. 

Penchuri:  a  thief;  Ht.  Abd.,  23,  227,  308. 


II. 

Sg. 


Menchuri  :  to  flow,  of  blood;    Sh.  Panj, 


iSjyT"    churai.      Loose;    severally;    one  at  a  time, 
Cf.  urai  and  cherai. 


v-Jp^    chungap. 
of  breath. 


Chungap-changip  :    panting  ;   short 


^Pa>-  chongak.  Turned  upwards — of  the  face ; 
lifted  up — as  the  head  of  a  buffalo  when  it 
sniffs  the  air;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  IL,  159;  pointing 
up — of  the  beak  of  a  bird. 

^f>-  chongok.  Menchongok :  to  sit  bolt  upright, 
to  sit  stiffly  erect ;  cf.  changok,  chatok  and 
chongak. 


Garrulous,  of  a  chattering  busybody; 
I  hold  one's  t( 
chelupor,  and  chelamptts. 


iv>.   chupar.  _ 

■^-^'       unable  to  hold  one's  tongue.     Also  chelupar, 


&T 


ear  or   nostril). 
Ch.  hidong : 


chuping.     The  lobe  (of  the 
Ch.  telinga  :  the  lobe  of  the  ear. 
the  lobe  of  the  nostril. 

Rasa  pedeh  chuping  telinga  :   the  lobe  of  my 
ear  smarts  ;  my  ears  tingle;  his  words  jar  on 
Pideh  sampai  chuping  telinga :  the  smart 


me. 


extends  to  my  very  ears ;  my  ears  tingle. 


CHUPAK 


[    272    ] 


CHUWAL 


ii^jT 


JW 


Chupak.     I .     A  measure  of  capacity  ;  =  J  gan- 

tang ;  half  a  coco-nut  shell  used  as  a  measure 
of  capacity.  Sa-chupak  itu  tiyada-lah  buleh 
menjadi  sa-gantang :  a  chupak  cannot  become 
a  gantang ;  you  cannot  make  a  silk  purse  out 
of  a  sow's  ear;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  279.  Leng- 
gok  lenggang  bagai  chupak  hanyut :  rocking 
to  and  fro  like  a  floating  coco-nut  shell; 
proverbial  description  of  loose  conduct; 
J.S.A.S.,  II.,  156. 

II.  A  fruit  something  like  a  mangosteen. 

III.  The  bowl  or  hollow  of  the  mortar  of 
a  lesong  hindek  ;  the  bowl  of  an  opium  pipe. 


chuptlL  Too  short  for  the  purpose  for  which 
a  thing  is  needed — as  a  rope's  end  which  is 
insufficient  for  fastening  a  necessary  knot. 


*Jy>.    chupun.     (Singapore. 
*       also  chupii'chupu. 


The  truck  of  a  mast ; 


yjT 


chupu.  I.  ChtipU'Chupti :  the  truck  of  a 
mast ;  the  hole  in  which  a  mast  rests ;  the 
lintel  of  a  door.  Ptiting  chtipti-chtipu  :  the  foot 
of  a  mast ;  that  portion  of  the  mast  which  is 
cut  square  to  fit  into  the  truck. 


c^ 


3jr 


II.     A  box  for  cosmetics;    a   casket; 
Abd.,  44.     Usually  chepu,  q.  v. 

Chuwak.     A  decoy  elephant. 


Pel. 


chowek. 

make. 


^. 


'jrT 


c-S^ 


•jT 


X 


/. 


Menchukor :   to  shave. 
Tab.  Mimp.,  g. 


Menyukor :   id.;    Sh. 


A  soup-plate  or  bowl  of  Chinese 


chuka.  [  Skr.  chukra.  ]  Vinegar,  Mtika  sa- 
perti  chuka  :  a  face  like  vinegar,  i,  e,,  sour-faced. 
Chuka  di-minum  pagi  hari :  vinegar  drunk  in 
the  morning ;  a  thing  proverbially  distasteful ; 
Ht.  Koris,  and  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  160. 


choket.  The  abstraction  of  a  very  small 
quantity;  pilfering  a  little  at  a  time.  Di-buka- 
nya  chepu  sigera  di-choket :  the  box  was  opened 
and  a  little  of  its  contents  promptly  abstracted; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


^  ^^    chokar.     A   game   something   like   draughts. 
-^      Bermain  chokar:   to  play  at  this  game;  Ht. 
Koris;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 


,  ^j>.  chukor.  Shaving  ;  the  removal  of  hair  with 
-^  a  razor.  Rambut-ku  terlalu  panjang;  dari 
Singapura  sanipai  Melaka  tiyada  berchukor :  my 
hair  was  quite  long  ;  it  had  been  left  unshaven 
from  Singapore  to  my  arrival  at  Malacca  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  477. 


Penyukor :  a  razor;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Apa 
penyukor-nya  itu  ?  Ada-pun  penyukor -nya  itu  di- 
chukor  dengan  sayap  Jibrail  yang  bisar :  what 
razor  did  he  (the  Prophet)  use  ?  As  for  a  razor, 
he  was  shaved  by  the  great  wing  of  Gabriel ; 
Mith.  Sar.,  50.  A  razor  is  also  pisau  penchukor 
a,nd  pisau  penyukor,  Pel.  Abd.,  81. 


s.^  ^ 


yr 


chukup.  Completion ;  sufficiency ;  bringing 
anything  to  completion.  Chukup  sa-ratus 
hari :  a  full  hundred  days.  Chukup  hari 
bilangan :  the  roll  of  days  is  complete ;  the 
appointed  time  is  fully  over;  Ht.  Abd.,  iig. 
Ch,  lengkap :  furnished  sufficiently;  fully 
equipped. 

iSa^    chokok.     The   cry   of  a  latah   subject   when 


cfyr 


'jT 


i; 


'^T 


<iS? 


excited. 


chukin.     A  short  bathing  cloth  in  use  among 
Chinese  coolies;  Ht.  Gh. 


chuku.     Tarn.      Dried    gambier    root;     Pel. 
Abd.,  131. 


chukah.  Chukah-makeh :  (Kedah)  irregular 
in  shape,  uneven  in  arrangement.  Also 
chongkah'Changkeh  and  chongkah-mangkeh. 

chukai.  Toll ;  tax ;  impost ;  dues  of  all  sorts 
levied  by  Government;  Ht.  Abd.,  209,  241; 
Pel.  Abd.,  109. 

Timbang  ch,:  the  payment  of  customs  duties. 

Melarikan   ch, :    to   evade   the    payment    of 
customs  dues;  Pel.  Abd.,  153. 


choki,    or   chuki.     A  game  somewhat  resem- 
bling the  European  game  of  draughts. 

Buwah  ch, :  draughtsmen  ;  the  pieces  at  this 
game. 

Papan  ch, :  a  board  for  playing  this  game ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  99. 

Bermain  ch, :  to  play  the  native  game  of 
draughts;  Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.;  Ht. 
Mas  Ed. 


chugat.  Terchugat :  (Kedah)  stiffly  erect. 
Also  terchegat,  and  (Riau,  Johor)  terchegak 
and  tegak. 

chogan.  Pers.  A  state  ensign ;  hetitv  jogan, 
q.  V.  Chogan  is,  however,  commonly  used  of  a 
sign  or  portent  in  the  heavens. 


S^    chogO.     Jav.     Blockhead ;  fool 


chuwal.     Cloth,  especially  silk-cloth,  in  tlie 
first  stage  of  manufacture. 


CHULA 


[    273    ] 


CHUNDA 


J^ 


jW 


chula.  [Skr.  chuld,]  A  horn  or  hornlike 
animal  substance  possessing  magical  or 
mystical  properties ;  Sej.  Mai.,  114;  the  horn 
of  a  dragon ;  the  dried  penis  of  a  squirrel, 
believed  to  be  a  charm  inspiring  virility  in 
its  possessor.  Berhuhi-chula  (Sej.  MaL,  134); 
or  berhulukan  chula  ( Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  40):  a 
keris  with  a  handle  of  magic  horn.  Keris 
landaiyan  chula :  a  keris  with  a  large  handle 
and  with  a  sharp  point — called  after  the 
hornlike  projection  on  a  lobster's  head ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Nata.  Maka  burong pipit  hinggap  di-atas 
chula  naga  A  ntaboga  :  the  sparrow  settled  on 
the  horn  of  the  dragon  Antaboga;  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya. 

Chula  is  sometimes  used  of  a  mountain  peak. 


Cholat.     A  dig  with  the  elbow, 
hand ;  cf.  cholet. 


or  with  the 


cholet.  To  dig  with  the  finger,  to  poke  with 
a  pointed  stick  or  instrument ;  =  cholek,  but 
somewhat  rougher  or  coarser  in  use. 

chulas.  Inert;  sluggish;  slow;  idle;  used  of 
extreme  laziness,  and  stronger  than  malas, 
q.  V. 

Hairdn   memandang  gajah  mina, 
Tempat   berdtyam   dalam    laut  ; 

Chidas   malas   menjadi  hina, 
Tali  menila  menjadi  sabut : 

the  idle  and  lazy  one  comes  to  disgrace  ;  the 
rope  of  hemp  becomes  one  of  fibre — (the  last 
line  being  a  proverbial  definition  of  a  social 
fall  or  degradation). 


cholang  or  chulang. 

confusion  ;  in  a  tangle. 


Q?^    cholong.     Jav.     To  steal 


Cholang -chaling :    in 
Also  cholak -chaling. 


cholak.  Cholak'Chaling  :  confused,  entangled. 
Also  cholang-chaling. 

cholek.     The  process  of  poking  out  anything  ; 

removal  by  the  use  of  a  pointed  instrument ; 
rubbing  the  point  of  anything  against  a 
substance ;  digging  out  with  a  point — as 
when  one  removes  a  thorn  by  cutting  it  out 
at  the  point  of  a  lancet,  or  as  one  scrapes 
out  festering  matter  from  a  boil,  or  as  a 
cHmber  gets  out  an  edible  bird's  nest  from 
a  hole  in  the  rock  by  the  use  of  a  stick. 

Mencholek  :  to  poke  out,  dig  out,  prise  out, 
or  scrape  out  with  a  pointed  instrument ;  Ht. 
Gh.  Mencholek  kapor :  to  scrape  up  a  little 
lime  (by  the  use  of  the  finger  nail)  in  order  to 
season  the  sireh  leaf, 

Phicholek  api:  a  lucifer  match  (ignited  by 
the  friction  of  its  point  against  a  flat  surface). 

cholok.  A  fuse  made  by  wringing  or  twist- 
ing a  piece  of  cloth  into  a  roughly  cylindrical 
shape  and  then  steeping  it  in  oil;  Muj.,  10. 


j) 


;jp-    Chulek.     (Kedah.)     The  cry  of   a  night-bird 

which  is  believed,  when  heard,  to  be  ominous 
of  thieves  or  fire  about  the  house. 


>j>*    chulim.      [Hind,     chilam?]       A    pipeful     of 

*  tobacco  or  opium.     Penchtdim  :  the  iron  for 
scraping  out  the  opium  dregs. 

^  A>-    chulan.     A  flower    (aglaia  odorata,  according 

•  to  Favre) ;  Ht.  Koris.,  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  7. 

L>.    choli.     [Hind.:  id.]       A  tight-fitting  native 
-     "       corset  or  bodice  worn  next  to  the  skin ;   Ht. 
Gul,  Bak.,  105. 

\^y>-  Chuliya.  A**Chuliah";  an  Indian  from  the 
Madras  Presidency ;  the  name  by  which 
Tamils  are  known  to  the  natives  of  Northern 
India. 


PT 


choma.  Vain ;  useless ;  idle ;  uselessness. 
Senjata  di-bawa  bukan  choma :  the  weapons 
he  bears  are  not  borne  for  nothing  (of  a 
boar's  tusks). 

Choma-choma  :  uselessly ;  without  any  serious 
object ;  gratis.  Choma-choma-lah  aku  bertanya 
ini  apa  herga-nya :  I  asked  idly  f/.  ^.,  with- 
out any  serious  intention  of  purchasing) 
what  their  price  was ;  Ht.  Abd.,  267. 
Mendapat  kitdb  choma-choma :  to  get  a  book 
gratis ;  Ht.  Abd.,  138.  Mengajar  choma- 
choma  :  to  give  free  education ;  to  teach  for 
nothing  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  136. 

Perchoma :  vainly,  uselessly  ;=:choma-choma. 
Mali  perchoma  :  to  die  uselessly. 


^^    chumut.     Smeared ; 
chomor  and  lomoi\ 


defiled    with    dirt;    cf. 


•j»^>-    chomor.     Smeared ;    dirtied,    but   not    quite 
*       so  dirty  as  lomor,  q.  v. 

lAa>-    chomek.     I.     Chomek-chomek :     a     sepia     or 


lVjT 


cuttle-fish  with  a  long  body. 
II.     The  hair  under  the  lower  lip;  Kl. 

Chomilor  chomel.  I.  Dainty;  pretty— of 
small  persons  and  objects.  Chomil  chantek : 
dainty  and  pretty  ;  petite  and  pretty ;  Ht.  Sh., 
Sh.  Put.  AL,  28. 

II.     Babbling;    chattering — of  the  tongue; 
unable  to  hold  one's  tongue — of  a  person. 

Gajah  munil  mudek  ka-htdu, 
Kesah  permata  datang  bertalu ; 

Lidah  yang  chomil  sudah-lah  kelu, 
Berkata-kata  tiyada-lah  lalu : 

the    babbling  tongue  is  silenced  (in   death) ; 
and  words  no  longer  find  their  utterance. 

chonet.  A  slight  projection  of  the  point  of 
anything. 

3hunda  or 
Koris.     See  chuchu. 


'JT 


JJ^>.    chunda  or  chuwanda.       Grandchild  ;    Ht. 


35 


CHUNAM 


[    274    ] 


CHETEK 


/j>-    chunam.     Long  thin  pincers  for  extracting 
«     '       wax  from  the  ear  or  for  working  in  jewellery ; 
the  match-holder  of  a  matchlock. 

lS^    chuwai.      Of  little  consideration ;     of  small 
account ;  holding  in  small  esteem. 

Segala  pekirjaan,   apa-apa  kerja, 
Jangan-lah  chuwai: 

never  minimise  the  importance  of  your  duty 
whatever  that  duty  may  be ;  Sh.  Nas.,  17. 

tifT    chunya.     [Chin,  ?]     A  kind  of  flat-bottomed 
lighter  in  use  at  Batavia. 

^  chah.  An  interjection  to  invite  attention ;  a 
cry  to  bring  an  absent-minded  man  to  a 
proper  sense  of  his  surroundings;  an  exclama- 
tion to  start  or  hurry  a  buffalo. 

^  Clxeh.  I.  A  somewhat  contemptuous  ex- 
clamation of  disbelief;  Ht.  Abd.,  361 ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  43 ;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  5.     Cf.  cMs, 

II.  Lascivious,  self-indulgent, — of  a  woman. 

III.  Cheh-cheh:  a  variant  oi  chicheh,  q.  v. 

^  choh.  A  cry  to  stimulate  dogs  to  attack  a 
man  or  animal ;  (vulgarly)  to  set  one  man  on 
another;  to  set  the  police  on  the  track  of 
a  criminal. 

fSjH^    chShari.    Search,  seeking  for  or  after ;  v.  chari, 

(SWT  Chghaya.  [Skr.  chhdyd,]  Brilliancy ;  lustre  ; 
splendour ;  light ;  the  glow  of  beauty ;  the 
brightness  of  the  eyes.  Ch.  mata-ku :  light  of 
rny  eyes — a  term  of  endearment.  Ini-lah  gam- 
baran  chehaya  mata  beta:  this  is  the  portrait 
of  my  darling  (lit.  the  light  of  my  eyes) ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  103. 

Chihaya  is  also  used  to  express  the  lustre 
of  a  gem;  Ht.  Abd.,  38.  Suwatu  permata 
duwa  chehaya-nya:  a  stone  with  two  lustres; 
i.  e.,  a  stone  of  varying  colour;  Cr.  Or.,  79. 

Berchehaya-chehaya :  glowing;  lustrous;  Ht, 
Sg.  Samb. 

MBnchehaya  :  to  enlighten.  Telah  mmchehaya 
Allah  ta^ala  akan  dikau  dengan  cMhaya  Kuran : 
God  most  High  hath  enlightened  you  with 
the  light  of  the  Koran  ;  Muj.,  10. 

This  word  is  pronounced  chahya. 

iS^  che'.  I.  A  respectful  prefix  or  designation 
signifying  that  the  person  whose  name  follows 
is  of  good  but  not  noble  descent  ;=encheL 

11.  An  exclamation  to  frighten  away  dogs 
or  cats. 

(^  chi,  [Chin,  chP.]  A  Chinese  measure  of 
weight  (especially  used  in  weighing  opium) ; 
=^  hun. 


.u 


cMyamau.     A  tree ;  draccena  maingayi? 


^J-.j>-    chebok.     A   piece  of  coco-nut  shell  or  any 

similar  rough  handle -less  scoop  or  vessel  for 
ladling  up  water. 

Chebokkan  ayer :  (properly)  to  scoop  up 
water  for  one's  ablutions,  (sometimes)  to 
draw  water  from  a  well ;  Ht.  Koris.  Menche- 
bok  ayer :  id.     Mhtyebok  ayer  :  id. ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Chebok  is  also  used  in  Singapore  and  in  the 
Hikdyat  Sang  Samba  in  the  sense  of  the 
ablutions  prescribed  by  religion  and  custom 
for  the  removal  of  fcecal  defilement,  but  istinja 
is  the  politer  term.  T a' -ber chebok:  a  term  of 
insult  equivalent  to  **  dirty  beast,*' 

L^    chebol.     A  dwarf;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 

C-%^    chita.     I.     (Cf.  Hind,  chhinta.)  Chintz;  cotton 
*'       prints;  Ht.  Abd.,  104,  231,  354;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

II.  [Skr.  chittay  chinta,']  Feeling ;  emotion. 
Sukachita  :  joy.     Dukachita :  sorrow. 

Chita  is  also  used  with  the  meaning  of 
thought-concentration  upon  any  object  with 
a  view  to  calling  that  object  into  existence — 
a  power  ascribed  to  heroes  of  Malayo-Indian 
romances.  lya  terlalu  sakti  dan  barang  yang 
di'Chita  jadi :  he  was  a  man  of  great  magical 
power ;  all  that  he  willed,  he  could  create  at 
will;  Ht,  Jay.  Lengg.  Sa-barang  yang  di- 
chitasemuwa-nya  menjadi :  id.;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Menchita  or  menchitakan :  to  fix  one's  mind 
upon  any  object  with  a  view  to  calling  it  into 
existence.  Maka  Seri  Hanuman  pim  menchita 
segala  htdubalang  kera  itu :  Sri  Hanuman 
called  up  all  his  warriors  by  his  power  of  will ; 
Ht.  Sg,  Samb.  Baginda  ptm  menchitakan 
pahlawan  ke-empat ;  dengan  sa-ketika  itn  juga 
pahlawan  ke-empat  ptm  datang  dudok  men- 
yembah:  the  prince  conjured  up  the  four 
champions  by  his  will-power;  in  a  moment 
they  were  before  him  saluting  him  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

In  a  number  of  cases  this  will-power  was 
only  exercised  by  centering  one's  thoughts 
on  a  talisman  or  personality,  the  magic 
power  being  centred  in  the  taUsman  or  dele- 
gated by  the  personality.  Di-chita-nya  nama 
gtiru-nya  Begawan  Narada :  he  invoked  his 
master,  the  Blessed  Narada,  by  his  force  of 
will;  Ht.  P.  J.  P.  Menchita  ghnala  hikmat : 
to  centre  one's  thoughts  on  a  talisman  with  a 
view  to  working  a  miracle ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

The  form  chinta  is  also  found  in  this  sense. 


IX*>'    Chetak.       The   work   of   a   compositor;    the 

wooden  cases  from  which  a  compositor   sets 
the  type. 


j3^m>"    chetek.     Shallow.     Ayer-nya  cA.:'^  itsj|waters 

were  shallow;  Pel.  Abd.,  148.  ^Ilmu-nya  ch. : 
his  learning  was  shallow  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  37, 


CHETOK 


[    275    ] 


CHINQAM 


^jl^    chetok.    I.    (Singapore  and  Bencoolen.)    The 
beak  of  a  bird.     Cf.  paroh. 

II.  Chetokan:  a  chisel-holder  or  chisel  rest 
shaped  something  like  a  button-hook  and  used 
by  braziers. 

j^^c?^    cheti.      Tarn.       A    money-lender,    a    chitty. 
Better  ^^ ,  q.  v. 

2^^j^>'    chichit.     I.     (Onom.)      A  squeaking  sound, 

**'       such  as  that  made  by  young  birds  or  mice; 

the   creaking   noise   of    a   hinge   that   wants 

oiling;   the  trickhng   sound   made   by  water 

passing  along  the  side  of  a  boat. 

11.  Great-grandchild;  Ht.  Abd.,  465 ;  Sh. 
Jub.  MaL,  6,  9 ;  Ht.  Koris. 


j€T 


checher  or  chichir.  Dropping  in  small 
quantities;  dripping;  dropping  away  by 
degrees ;  loss  in  driblets  or  small  quantities 
at  a  time ;  loss  by  leakage.  Berchecheran  : 
falling  in  small  quantities  at  a  time ;  Ht.  Si 
Misk.,  48.  Yang  di-kejar  tiyada  dapat  dan 
yang  di-kandong  (or  hendong)  berchecheran : 
what  he  pursued,  he  failed  to  catch ;  and  what 
he  had,  he  lost  by  leakage ;  a  man  sacrificing 
the  substance  for  the  shadow ;  Prov.,  Pel. 
Abd.,  20;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  82. 

Checherkan :  to  allow  small  quantities  of  any- 
thing to  drop  upon  anything  else;  Sh. 
May.,  5. 


^_|<*>'    chichap.     Tasting  a  liquid  by  dipping  a  finger 
t*'       into  it  and  applying  the  finger  to  the  lips; 
better  chechap,  q.  v. 

y^^    chichak.     The  common  house-lizard ;  better 
chechak,  q.  v. 

15^;^    chichik.     A  feeling  of  repulsion  for  a  dirty 

or  loathsome   object ;    a  feeling   of  loathing 
rather  than  contempt. 

Orang   miskin  jangan   di-chichik^ 
Kebesaran  ta'-btdeh   di-bawa  mati  : 

do  not  look  on  the  poor  with  loathing ;  worldly 
greatness  does  not  endure  after  death. 


,;^^j>-    checheh.     (Vulgar.) 
^"  •       Also  chehcheh,  * 


The  penis  (of  a  child). 


^j^^j>'    chichah.     Steeping — as    food   is    steeped   in 
*"'       gravy.     Di-ambil  kalam  di-chichah-nya  dawat : 
he  took   a  pen  and   steeped  it  in  ink;   Sh. 
Lamp.,  I. 


^s>-    cheche.     (Onom.)      Chinese  cymbals.      Pro- 
^s^'       nounced  nasally  che^-che^. 


Ju>- 


o-*^ 


chedok.  The  act  of  scooping  up  or  raising ; 
the  use  of  any  vessel  or  spade-hke  instrument 
for  bringing  up  loose  material  or  water  from 
below;  cf.  chebok,  Ikanitupun  di-chedok  orang- 
lah :  fish  could  be  simply  caught  up  with  the 
water;  i.  e.,  yon  had  only  to  lower  a  bucket 
and  haul  up  the  fish  they  were  so  numerous 
and  sluggish ;  Ht.  Abd.,  230. 

Chedok  is  also  used  (Selangor)  for 
** diamonds"  (the  suit  in  playing  cards). 

chiyar.  (Onom.)  Loud  crying  such  as  that 
of  a  very  young  child  when  it  cannot  get 
milk;  squalling.  Anak-ku  yang  behani  jadi 
itn  menangis  terchiyar-chtyar  lapar  susu :  my 
newly-born  child  kept  crying  and  squalling, 
wanting  milk;  Ht.  Abd.,  448. 

Pronounced  cAi»  ar,     Cf.  chiyaL 

cheret  or  chirit.  Severe  diarrhoea ;  fluidity 
of  the  faeces ;  looseness  of  the  bowels. 

CA.  beret:  to  flow  in  a  continuous  stream, 
to  flow  continuously;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  T^r- 
cheret -cheret :  id. 

Ch.  bintang :  a  meteor;  a  falling  or  shooting 
star. 

Ch.  biidak :  a  plant,  croton  argyratus, 

Ch.  hutan:  a  common  jungle  shrub,  clero- 
dendron  defiexnm, 

Ch,  murai :  a  plant,  glycosmis  sapindoides, 

Cherek.  I.  A  kettle;  a  metal  vessel  for 
boiling  water;  a  vessel  for  carrying  water; 
Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  3.  Mtmchong  ch,,  or  (Singa- 
pore and  Batavia)  chorot  ch, :  the  spout  of  a 
kettle. 

II.  Diarrhoea;  Ht.  Hamz.,  66.  Usually 
cheret,  q.  v. 


(Sji?T'    cheri.     A   peculiar  gong-like    instrument;   a 
*       gong*  the  sides  of  which  do  not  stand  out  at 
right  angles  to  the  base  but  slope  inwards. 


Jy^ 


^J^ 


chiri.  I.  [Skr.  charya:  fidelity.]  The  cor- 
onation formula ;  a  ceremonial  address  (not 
in  Malay  and  not  understood)  read  at  the 
installation  of  a  Malay  prince;  Sej.  Mai.,  94. 
The  words  are  in  one  of  the  Indian  languages, 
probably  Pali,  but  the  formula  is  too  corrupt 
for  positive  identification.  The  words  are 
given  in  the  J.  S.  A.  S. 

II.  [Skr.:  id.]     Flaw;   injury. 

III.  A  hair-pin;  Kl, 


.  j,M.A>-  chiyas.     (Penang.)      Fidgety;   restless  beha- 

^^^  viour ;  impatience  (in  a  bad  sense) ;  swagger. 

mk^  chengeng.     Whining  continuously,  of  young 

^"'  children. 

A>-  chingam.      A  bush  growing  on  the  sea-shore, 

r    '  scyphiphora  hydrophyllacea. 


_ 


CHIYAP 


[    276    ] 


CHINA 


chiyap.  I.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  the  twit- 
tering of  young  birds. 

II.  Sa-chiyap :  the  amount  that  can  be 
enclosed  between  the  thumb  and  forefinger ; 
usually  chap,  q.  v. 

Chiyup.  I.  Ch.  tembolok :  a  bladder  made 
by  blowing  out  a  fowl's  crop — used  as  a  play- 
thing by  Malay  children.     Cf.  tiyup, 

II.     A  kind  of  small  oar ;  Cr.,  C.  and  S. 

cheper.  A  kind  of  metal  saucer;  a  plate 
(usually  of  brass)  on  which  a  batil  or  metal 
cup  is  placed;  Sej.  MaL,  92,  159;  Ht.  Koris; 
Ht.  Abd.,  423. 

li^    chipuk,     A  fine  Indian  cambric  ;  Kl. 

{y^    chipan.     A  battle-axe ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah, 
4i->-    chepeh.     Soft  and  pendent,  of  buffalo  horns. 


j*^ 


d^ 


Jr 


Sv>>- 


J^ 


vf^ 


chepoh.  A  club-foot ;  a  natural  twist  of  the 
foot  to  one  side. 

chipai.  A  monkey  (semnopithecus  melalophos)  ; 
in  Sumatra;  simpai. 

chiyak.       I,      (Onom?    v.    III.)      A  generic 

name  for  finches;    Ht.   Sh.   Kub. ;    Ht.   Sri 
Rama. 

II.  Chiyak  tingting  :  hopping — in  games  or 
for  the  sake  of  amusement. 

III.  (Onom.)  Chiyak-miyak :  the  sound 
(Riau,  Johor)  of  the  twittering  of  birds,  or 
(Kedah)  of  the  continuous  crying  of  young 
children.  In  this  latter  sense  the  word  also 
occurs  :  Sh.  Lamp.,  26.     Cf.  chiyar. 

The  word  is  pronounced  nasally  :  ch0  ak. 

chika.  A  severe  attack  of  colic  or  choleraic 
diarrhoea  occurring  at  night. 

chikar.  I.  A  wheel  (Cr.);  a  magic  car  (KL); 
V.  chakera, 

II.  The  steering-wheel  on  a  ship,  Sw. ;  v. 
chekar. 

chekel  or  chikil.  I.  Stingy;  mean;  avari- 
cious ;  extreme  avarice ;  cf.  kikir,  Chikil  ber- 
habis  lapok  bertedoh  :  the  extreme  of  avarice  is 
to  leave  the  mildew  undisturbed;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  98. 

II.  A  short  pike  or  spear,  imported  from 
Java. 

chega.  Wariness,  shyness;  suspicious  and 
careful,  of  a  man ;  wary,  of  birds  which  go 
near  a  trap  but  will  not  walk  in,  and  of  fish 
which  are  seen  to  hover  round  the  bait  without 
taking  it. 


,jSs^    chegak.       Reviving    one's    drooping   spirits; 
cheering  up,  as  a  convalescent ;  cf.  segak, 

A*>-    chela.     I.      A   fruit    (unidentified) ;    Sh.  Sg. 
*        Ranch.,  9,  12. 

II.      (Riau.)       Dirt,    ordure,    filth,    mucus ; 
commonly  tahi, 

oJu>-    chilit.     (Penang.)     A  Burma  cheroot. 


cheleng.  L  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  money  box; 
a  box  with  a  slot  in  its  cover  to  allow  of  coins 
being  dropped  in  ;  (Singapore)  tabong  pekak, 

II.  Jav.  A  pig; — an  equivalent  in  Malayo- 
Javanese  romances  of  the  Malay  babi,  Ch, 
alas:  a  wild  pig ;  Ht.  Sh.  ;  =  babi  hutan. 

chilawagi.  Ancestors  in  the  fifth  generation ; 
Kl. 


chele.  A  kind  of  cloth  imported  from  South- 
ern India, 

chili.  Spanish  pepper;  chillies;  Sh.  Jub. 
MaL,  8. 

chiyum.  A  kiss ;  kissing ;  sniffing  with  the 
nose ;  smelling.  Di-chiyum-nya  miika :  he 
kissed  her  face. 

Menchiyxim  :  to  smell ;  to  kiss — the  native 
form  of  kissing  being  a  kind  of  sniff  with  the 
nose.  lya  tiyada  biileh  menchiyum  ban  duriyan  : 
he  (Sir  S.  Raffles)  could  not  stand  the  smell 
of  durians  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  92. 

Laksainana   bermain   raga, 

Mengarak   tersennytmi   sa-keti   herga ; 
Adinda-hi   laksana   btinga   chempaka, 
Makin   di-chiyum   bertambah   dehaga : 

my  love  is  like  the  chempaka  flower,  the  more 
you  smell  (kiss)  it,  the  more  you  thirst  for  its 
fragrance ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Penchiytim :  the  sense  of  smell ;  Ht.  Ism. 
Yat.,  157. 


j^-^  chemer.  Extremely  dim-sighted ;  nearly 
blind ;  the  sight  of  a  man  who  has  only  one 
eye  and  that  eye  short-sighted. 


C^  chena.  [Skr.  chihna?]  Scarred;  marked 
by  his  adversary  ;  war-worn  ;  marked  by  pre- 
vious defeats — of  a  fighting-cock  ;  cf.  chinna ; 
china y  II ;  and  chimdang. 


Cr^ 


china.     I.     Chinese.     Negeri  China:    China. 
Orang  Ch, :  a  Chinese. 

Apit  ch, :  the  name  of  an  instrument  for 
punishing  boys  at  school — described  in  the 
Hikdyat' Abdullah)  Ht.  Abd.,  28. 

Await  ch. :  the  Greek  fret,  in  art. 

Btdoh  ch, :  the  hedge  bamboo,  bambusa  nana. 


CHIYAU 


[   ^n  ] 


hAkim 


Bimga  ch, :  a  flower  ;  the  name  given  to  cul- 
tivated varieties  of  the  ixora,  and  (sometimes) 
to  gardenias;    Ht.  Sh,  Kub. ;    Sh.  Ik.  Trub., 

21, 

Lada  ch. :  a  kind  of  pepper,  piper  chaba ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  29,  30,  385. 

11.  [Skr.  chihna,]  China  buta  :  the  name 
given  to  the  muhallil,  or  intermediate  husband 
who  only  marries  a  woman  to  divorce  her  and 
so  permit  her  re-marriage  to  a  former  husband 
from  whom  she  has  been  fully  divorced  ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb. 


j^   chiyau. 
""       which 

standing. 


I.       Long-handled   oars   or   sculls 
are     worked      standing;      to      row 


n.     (Johor.) 
only. 


A  parcel — used  of  medicine 


HI.  (Penang.)  Disarrangement  of  the  dress, 
such  as  leads  to  exposure  of  the  person.  Kain 
terchiyau :    a  sarong  disarranged  or  improperly 

worn     I 


J^ 


^J<^ 


IV.     A  vessel  for  boiling  water. 

chiyu.  I.  A  mattrass  of  honour;  a  state 
divan-cushion  ;  Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ; 
Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  8.     Sa-lai  chiyti :  id. 

II.     [Chin,  cimi.]     Spirituous  liquor. 

Chewe.  A  term  by  which  animals  are  spoken 
of  at  sea  if  the  mention  of  their  real  names  is 
deemed  unlucky. 


I  E.g.,  in  the  following  lines  : — 

Pihinm  scsak   7nenjadi  kachau, 

Hati  sudah  di-harn  Jblis; 
Di-hadapan   oraug  kain   terchiyau, 
Mcndapat   main   di4engah   majlts. 


L 


^        The   letter    hd ;   the   seventh   letter   of    the 
^      Malay    Alphabet ;   the  symbol  for  the  number 
8  in  the  Abjad,  q.  v. 

\j>-    ha.     The  name  of  the  letter  ^  . 

rA>-  haji.  Arab.  A  pilgrim  to  Mecca;  a  title 
given  to  people  who  have  made  the  pilgrim- 
age to  Mecca.  Naik  Ju  :  to  go  on  a  pilgrim- 
age to  Mecca ;  v.  hajj, 

_,^\>.  hajib.  Arab.  Chamberlain,  door-keeper, 
attendant. 

_;:^\-^  hajat.  [Arab.  4>.W  .]  Wish,  desire,  inten- 
tion, hope.  Hdjati:  to  desire  (anything);  Sh. 
B.  A.  M.,  li.  Hdjatkan:  id.;  Sh.  Lamp., 
45- 

\        hajim.     Arab.     A   bath-keeper,    a   barber   in 

f^  his  surgical  capacity  of  a  cupper ;   Ht.  Kal. 

Dam.,  56. 

si^^W  hadith.  Arab.  New,  recent,  happening  for 
the  first  time. 


J 


^W    harr.     Arab.     Warm. 


vi^W    h§,rith.     Arab.     A  cultivator,  a  peasant. 


^jW    haras.     Arab.      *' Guard,"      ''protect      your 

queen,   the  queen  is  en  prise y'' — a  term  used 
in  chess.     Also  aras. 


Ju^W    hasid.     Arab.     Envious,  an  envier. 


lT 


Y^    hasha.     Arab.     Hdsha'llah :  except,  God  for- 


bid. 


\^\^    hS^siL     Arab.     Outcome,   profit,  return,  rent, 

^  revenue,  sum  realized.     Membayar  h, :  to  pay 

land-rent  to  Government. 

Menghdsilkan :  to  effectuate,  to  realize,  to 
obtain;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  11;  Sh.  Kumb. 
Chumb.,  4. 


^\>.  hadlir.  Arab.  Present ;  before  the  eyes ; 
at  hand ;  ready. 

Hddliri:  to  get  ready;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  92. 
Hddlirkan:  id.;  Sh.  Bid.,  118.  Berhddlirkan : 
id. ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Pronounced  hathir  (th  as  in  this)  and  hazir. 


^U 


hafitl.     Arab.     God  the  Guardian ;  one  who 
knows  the  whole  Kurdn  by  heart. 
Pronounced  afil  or  hafil. 


5  \>-    hakim.     Arab.     A  judge.     Tuwan  h. :  a  Judge 
'  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  Straits  Settle- 

ments, in  contradistinction  to  a  magistrate* 


HAL 


[    278    ] 


hasharAt 


mW    h&l.    Arab.     State,  condition,  position.    M^n- 

gadukan  Ml:  to  lay  one's  case  before  anyone. 
Segala  Ml  ahwdl:  one's  entire  position,  or 
case.    Kehdlan :  id. ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

LiW  hdiXnil.  Arab.  Pregnant ;  an  equivalent  of 
bunting  but  more  respectful  in  use. 

^i^    habshi.     Arab.    Abyssinian,  negro.    Sa-orang 
habshi :  a  negro. 

4^j»*    hubbah.     Arab.     Love. 

•  m 

i---<^    hablb.     Arab.     A  dear   friend.     HahtbiCUah : 
the  dear  friend  of  God,  Muhammad, 

^    hatta.     [Arab.?]     So  that,  well  then,  next; 

—an  expression  of  very  common  use  in  open- 
ing sentences  or  paragraphs. 

-^    hajj.     Arab.     The     Haj     or    pilgrimage     to 
^       Mecca.     Naik  h. :  to  go  on  the  pilgrimage  to 
Mecca;   Ht,  Kal.   Dam.,   231.     Usually  pro- 
nounced haji  and  confused  with  rW-  . 

^V:^    hijab.     Arab.     Curtain,  veil,  partition ;  Bust. 
•       'Sal. 

jSr  hajar.  Arab.  Stone.  HajaruH-aswad :  the 
famous  Black  Stone  at  Mecca. 

4^  hujjat,  Arab.  Demonstration,  proof,  certifi- 
cate. 

4^  hij  jah.  Arab.  DztVl-Mjjah :  the  name  of  the 
Muhammadan  month,  the  last  of  the  year. 

vi^-^    hadlth,     Arab.     The  traditional  sayings  and 
doings  of  Muhammad ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  95. 

5j]/>-    har&rat.     Arab.     Warmth,  heat. 

piP*  haram.  Arab.  Forbidden,  unlawful,  illegal, 
illegitimate;  a  strong  negative.  Haldl  dan 
hardm  menjadi  satu :  lawful  and  unlawful  are 
left  undistinguished ;  religious  restrictions  are 
forgotten;  Sh.  Lamp.,  15.  Dart  kepala  tuwan- 
hamba  hingga  kapada  dada  tuwan-hamba  itu 
juga  hardm-lah  kapada  hamba :  from  the  crown 
of  your  head  to  your  breast,  you  are  sacred 
(forbidden)  to  me;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  234. 

Sudah  di'ketahuwi  daging  yang  hardm, 

Mengapa  pula  maka  di-niakan : 

he  knew  it  was  forbidden  meat,  why  then  did 
he  consume  it ;  he  knew  she  was  betrothed  to 
another,  why  then  did  he  carry  her  off; 
Ht.  Koris. 


Merpati  bSranak   ttmggal, 
TBlor  ay  am  di-dalam  pUi; 

Tuwan-lah  kaseh  pinyudah   kekal, 
Pada  yang   lain  hardm   di-hati : 

you  are  my  love,  completely  and  ever ;  no 
other  can  ever  find  room  in  my  heart. 

Hardm-zadah :  a  bastard,  a  child  not   born 

of  lawful  wedlock ;  a  term  of  abuse ;  Sh.  Pr. 
Ach.,  15. 

Hardm  as  a  strong  negative  not  only  denies 

that  a  thing  has  occurred  or  is  likely  to  occur, 
but  denies  the  very  possibility  of  its  occur- 
rence. Tidor  malam  hardm  ta'-nyedar :  he 
could  not  possibly  sleep  soundly  at  night ; 
he  could  sleep  but  by  no  possibility  could  he 
sleep  soundly  ;  ,Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  32. 

Hardm  sa-sa^at  sehaya  ta'-lupa, 
A  bang  di-taroh  di-dalam-nya  hati : 

not  for  one  moment  can  I  forget  you ; 
your  image  is  always  preserved  in  my  heart ; 
Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  5. 

Habis  peluru   dengan-nya  ubat, 
Sa-ekor   burong  hardm  ta'-dapat : 

shot  and  gunpowder  all  came  to  an  end,  but 
not  one  bird  could  he  manage  to  get. 

Often  pronounced  hdram. 

Cf.  haldl  (  J^  )  which  is  the  converse  of 
hardm, 

^*>.    haraf.       Arab.     A     letter,    an     alphabetical 

symbol : — the  singular  of  ^jt/*"  letters, 
which  is  the  commoner  word. 

4^>"    hurmat.     Arab.     Respect,  reverence.     Meng- 

hurmati  :  to  pay  respect  to,  to  reverence,  to  do 
honour  to ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  375. 

v—^jj^    huriif.     Arab.     Letters  of  the  alphabet ; — the 

plural  of  ^j>-  ,  but  often  used  as  a  singular ; 
a  letter,  an  alphabetical  symbol. 

w>  w>'    hisSib.     Arab.     Calculation  ;  reckoning  ;  addi- 
tion, totalling. 

<-Xm*>»    hasad,     Arab.     Envy,  grudge. 


hasarat.     Arab.     Lust,  desire,  longing  ;   Ht. 

Kal.  Dam.,  142. 

Menyampaikan     hasarat:     to    realize     one's 
desires ;  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  2, 

Mehdsilkajt      hasarat :      id.  ;      Sh.      Kumb. 
Chumb.,  4. 
Pronounced  hasrat. 


^y^^»>-    hasHd.     Arab.     Envious,  jealous. 

J\f,i,^    hashar4t.     Arab.     Insects  ;  creeping  things. 


HADLEAT 


[    279    ] 


HAUSALAT 


5^^*a>-    hadlrat.      Arab.     Presence,    place,    majesty, 
eminence,  especially  the  Majesty  of  God. 

^J>'  hakk.  Arab.  Certainty,  truth,  evident  proof, 
a  fact ;  payment,  goods.  Mengambil  hakk 
orang :  to  take  the  property  of  others ;  Sh. 
Lamp.,  33, 

The  word  hakk  also  occurs  as  a  euphemism 
for  the  penis  ;  Ht,  Gul.  Bak. 

KauhCl'hakk  :    the  saying  is  true ; — a  com- 
mon heading  to  letters. 

4i>-    hukah.     Arab.     A  hookah,  a  hubble-bubble. 


Aii>-    hakikat.  ,  Arab.     I.     Truth.    Ini-lah  hakikat 

baik  tuntuti :  this  is  the  truth,  it  is  well  to 
follow  it  ;  Sh.  I.  M.  P.,  3. 


i»^ 


^ 


hikayat.  Arab.  A  tale,  a  history,  a  narra- 
tive. Hikdyat  '  AhdiiHlah :  the  Story  of 
Abdullah ;  the  Autobiography  of  Abdullah. 
Sdhibii'l'hikdyat :  the  author. 

hukum.    [Arab. :  hukm.]   Sentence,  judgment, 

authority,  command.  Telah  datang-lah  hukum 
Allah  ta^ala  atas  hamba-mu  ini  t  the  judgment 
of  God  Most  High  has  come  upon  me,  your 
servant ;  Ht.  Bakht.,  38.  Memutuskan  L  :  to 
carry  out  an  order. 

Huktiman :   punishments,     decrees,    instruc- 
tions generally. 

Menghuktimkan  :  to  sentence,  to  pass  sentence 
on,  to  punish. 

hukama.  Arab.  Wise  men,  sages  ;  judges  ; 
the  plural  of  j$<^  or  5\>",  q.  v. 

hikmat.     Arab.      Wisdom,    knowledge,    the 

medical  art ;  a  charm  or  supernatural  means 
of  effecting  anything ;  a  philtre ;  a  wonderful 
contrivance. 


haMm.      Arab.      A 
learned  in  the  law. 


learned   man ;     a    man 


hal§*L     Arab.     Lawful,    permitted    by  divine 

law,  legitimate;  food  which  it  is  lawful  to 
eat ;  degrees  of  relationship  other  than  those 
in  which  it  is  not  permissible  to  marry.  Haldl 
dan  hardm  menjadi  satu:  the  legitimate  and 
unlawful  became  indistinguishable;  religious 
restrictions  were  forgotten;  Sh.  Lamp.,  15. 
Jikalau  dari  pehak  hamba  ini  Jftaldl,  jika  pada 
pehak  paduka  anakanda  itu  hardm-lah :  for  me, 
It  is  permissible ;  to  His  Highness  your  son 
it  is  forbidden  by  divine  law;  Ht.  Abus.,  18, 


Lagi  lebai  lagi  bh'jangguty 
Naik   ka-balai  terhinggut-hinggut^ 
Sehaja  Pa*   Libai   buta  perut, 
Hardm  haldl   buboh  di-muhd : 

he  is  not  only  a  Lebai,  he  wears  the  very  beard 
of  one  and  walks  into  the  mosque  with  a 
consequential  swagger.  But  our  Father 
Lebai  suffers  from  short-sightedness  of  stomach 
and  swallows  indiscriminately  things  lawful 
and  unclean. 


Cf.  A 


r^- 


y* 


halkat.     Arab.     A   ring,   a   round   clamp,   a 
buckle,  an  anklet  or  bracelet. 

hulkum.     Arab.     Throat,  gullet.     Often  pro- 
nounced halkum, 

halwan.     Arab.     Honorarium,  present, 

halwa.      Arab.      Sugared     confectionery, — a 

generic  name  given  by  Malays  to  preserves 
in  syrup.  H.  pala  :  nutmeg  jam,  or  nutmegs 
in  syrup. 

hammam.     Arab.     A  Turkish  bath,  a  bathing 
house. 

hamd.      Arab.       Praise.      Al-hamdu'l-illahi : 
Praise  be  to  God. 

hamik.      Arab.      Weak     of    intellect,     dull. 
Hamik  budi-nya :  id. ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  346. 

hamid.     Arab.     Praised,   belauded.     'AbdtiH- 

hamid :  the  servant  of  the  All-praised ;  the 
servant  of  God; — a  Muhammadan  proper 
name. 

hinna.     Arab.      The   Henna  plant;    usually 
maty  q.  V. 

hanafl.     Arab.     A  Hanifite,  a  member  of  the 
Hanifite  sect  or  party. 

hawadith.     Arab.     The   traditional    sayings 
of  the  Prophet ;  the  plural  of  dw  Jd^  ,  q.  v. 

hawari.     Arab.     A  true  friend,  a  helper ;  one 
of  the  twelve  Apostles. 

hawalat.     Arab.     A  deposit,  an  instalment, 
a  payment  on  account. 

hawwar.     Arab.     The  poplar. 

hausalat.     Arab.     The  crop  of  a  bird. 


HAUDL 


[    280    ] 


KHABAR 


ljij>-    haudl,     Arab.     Cistern,  reservoir,  rain-tank. 
^    hai.     Arab.     Living,  to  live,  to  be  alive. 

OU>"  hayat.  Arab.  To  live,  life.  Tmida  A.  ; 
evidence  of  a  man  being  alive;  a  reminder 
of  one's  existence  in  the  form  of  a  mark  of 
friendship.  Nur  haydti :  the  Light  of  Life; 
a  name  for  Adam;  Sh.  L  M.  P.,  4.  Pening- 
gal  Ju  :  the  rest  of  his  life ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

^J\/^^p>'  hairan.  Arab.  Astonishment.  H.akandiri- 
nya  :  stupefied  with  astonishment.  * 


^jOjp-    h§,idL     Arab.     Menstrua. 

4JLj>-    hllat.     Arab.     A  dodge,  stratagem  or  intrigue. 
Usually  (in  Malay)  elah^  q.  v. 


-S,.^^  haiwstn.  Arab.  Animal,  living  thing.  Ha- 
ydttiH-haiwdn :  the  life  of  animals;  the  name 
of  a  treatise  on  animal  products,  materia 
medica. 


JW>"    haiw^ni.     Arab.     Appertaining    to   animals; 
animal,  as  an  adjective. 


z 


The  letter  khd ;  the  eighth  letter  of  the 
Malay  Alphabet ;  the  symbol  for  the  number 
600  in  the  Abjad,  q.  v. 

kha.     The  name  of  the  letter  r  . 


khS^bitll.     Arab.       Impure,     vile,     impurity, 
vileness. 


/W    khataxn.     Arab.     End,  conclusion. 


r 


u^ 


\^ 


kh&tim.     Arab.     A  seal,  a  signet. 

khadim.     Arab.     A  servant;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
404. 

khS*ra.     Pers.     Hard  stone,  marble. 

kh&zin.      Arab.      A     treasury     officer;     an 
equivalent  for  bendahari, 

khass.      Arab.        Peculiar,     private,    special, 
particular. 


A^\^    khSiSah.      [Arab  ?]     Indian  muslin,  gauze. 

A^\>-    khasiyat,     Arab.      Particular  efficacy ;     the 
special  property  of  anything, 

L-J^W    khatib.     Arab.     The     reader    in  a   Mosque ; 

the  second  officer  in  a  Mosque.  Imam  khatib 
lagi  berdosa^  bertambah  ptila  kita  yang  jdhil  : 
even  Imams  and  Khatibs  sin,  how  much 
more  then  must  we,  ignorant  laymen  ?  Cf. 
jdhiL 


khatir.     Arab.      Mind,    soul,    consciousness. 

The  plural  form  J^^y^  khawdtir  is,  however, 
more  commonly  used  in  this  sense. 

klialis.     Arab.        Pure,      unmixed,     sincere, 
clean,  upright. 

khalik.     Arab.      Creator.      Khdliku  H-jabbdr  : 

the  Almighty  Creator ;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  i, 
Khdliku' Uhhalka :  the  Creator  of  created 
things, — a  common  designation  for  the 
Almighty. 

khall.      Arab.      Empty,    void,    solitary; — an 
equivalent  of    stmyi,    q,  v. 

khamis.     Arab.     Fifth.     Cf.  khajms, 

khanah.     Pers.     A  house,  a  dwelling. 

khabbass.     Arab.     A  baker. 


J^  khabar.  Arab.  News,  tidings.  Apa  khabar : 
what  news ;  how  are  you  ? — a  common 
salutation.  Endah  khabar  dart  rupa:  the 
report  is  finer  than  the  reality ;  the  thing  does 
not  come  up  to  expectations ;  reality  does 
not  equal  hope ;  Prov. 

Khabar kan  diri-nya  :  to  be  conscious  ; — 
usually  in  the  negative  form  tiyada  khabarkan 
diri-nya :  to  be  unconscious,  to  be  unable  to 
give  an  account  of  oneself.  Kn  bacha  satu 
mantera,  neschaya  tiyada-lah  orang  khabarkan 
diri-nya,  dan  pintu  nmiah  terbuka  dengan 
mantera-ku  itu  :  I  will  recite  an  incantation 
and,  for  certain,  the  people  will  lose  conscious- 
ness and  the  door  of  the  house  will  be  opened 
by  the  formula  ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  18. 


KHABtjLI 


[    281    ] 


KHUWATIR 


cJUt>-  khabiili.  Nasi  khabiilt :  rice  cooked  in  butter 
or  fat.  Also  kebuli  or  kabtili.  From  Kabul 
in  Afghanistan. 

4j\;L>.    khMnat.     Arab.     Circumcision. 


r 


^>- 


khatam.  Arab.  A  signet-ring;  the  end. 
Berkhatamkan  Kurdn :  to  complete  a  reading 
of  the  Koran. 

khatan.     Arab.     To  circumcise. 

khidmat.  Arab.  Service,  reverence, 
obedience. 

kharab.  Arab.  Devastation,  ruin,  annihila* 
tion. 

kharaj.     Arab.     Tribute,  tax,  land-tax. 
kharbuk.     Arab.     Hellebore. 


kharajat.     Arab.    Expedition,  warlike  under-   j 
taking.  j 

! 

khurma.     Arab.     Date  (the  fruit) ;  Ht.  Koris.   | 
Buwah  kh, :  id. ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  325.  | 


^j^-    kharanda.      [Skr.  karanda,]     A  bier,  a  litter ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub.     Better  keranda,  q.  v. 


4Jbp- 


khuruj.     Arab.     To  come  to  light. 

khizanat.  Arab.  Treasury,  store-house ;  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  10. 

khasam.  Arab.  A  foe,  an  enemy,  a  hostile 
or  opposing  faction. 

khusus.  Arab.  Particular  attachment  or 
friendship,  particular  circumstances,  peculia- 
rity;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. ;  Sh.  I.  M.  P.,  11. 

khidlr.  Arab.  The  name  of  a  Prophet 
believed  by  Muhammadans  to  be  gifted  with 
Immortality;  Enoch,  Elias.  It  is  this 
prophet  who  figures  as  the  companion  of 
Alexander  the  Great  in  the  legends  of  the 
Sejarah  Malayu. 

khutbah.  Arab.  A  sermon,  a  public  prayer 
or  'recitation.  Kh.  nikdh :  the  marriage 
service;  Ht.  Suit.  Ibr. 


4jJ^  khatlfah.  A  rich  cloth  mentioned  in  romances 
but'not  known  to  the  Malays  of  the  present 
day;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  78. 


^J^    khafl.     Arab.     Concealed,  secret,  hidden. 

j\i>*    khafir.     Arab.     Protector,  escort,  guardian. 

1^^*^^    khalashi.     A  sailor.     Also  kelasi,  q,  v. 

^"^^    khilaf.        Arab.      A     contradictory    or    false 
statement ;  a  mistake,  a  blunder. 


L^i 


^^ 


khalayak.  [Arab.  khdWik.]  The  natural 
world,  the  world  of  creation  and  created 
things;  men;  Ht.  Sh,  Kub. 

Ja>*    khuld.     Arab.     Eternity,  Paradise. 

•1^    khala'.     Arab.     To  repudiate  a  wife,  renounc- 
^—         ing  her  dowry. 


Ij^    khula't.       Arab.     Divorce    granted    on    the 
wife's  application,  divorcing  a  husband. 

rii-  khalk.  Arab.  Creation,  mankind,  people, 
created  things.  KhdlihC l-khalka :  the  Creator 
of  Creation,  the  Creator  of  mankind,  God. 

0  Ji>-    khalwat.     Arab.     Emptiness,  loneliness. 
U.    khali.     Arab.     Free,  vacant,  single. 


khalifah.  Arab.  A  Caliph  or  Vicegerent  of 
God  upon  Earth. 

khalil.  Arab.  Trusted  friend,  KhaliluHlah : 
the  trusted  friend  of  God, — a  name  given  to 
Abraham. 

khamr.  Arab.  Wine;  any  fermented  or 
intoxicating  drink. 

khamir.     Arab.     Yeast. 

khimmir.     Arab.     A  drunkard. 

khamis.  Arab.  Fifth,  fifth  part,  Thursday. 
Hart  kit,:  Thursday ;— usually  pronounced 
khamis. 


i-    khanjar.     Pers.     A    cutlass,    a    chopper,    a 
heavy  cutting  knife  ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  22. 


^^    khuwajah.     [Pers.  and  Arab.]     A  title  given 
•  ^^      to   respectable    Indian    merchants   (in   some 
romances  only) ;  Ht.  Kal.   Dam.,  159.     Also 
khojah. 


\p\^   khuwatir.    See  >W 


36 


kh6jah 


[  282  ] 


DATONG 


^^    khdjah.     See   khimdjah. 

\\^    khayfil.     Arab.     A  vision. 

t^Ui-  ,khay&li  or  khiyali.  Arab.  Intoxicated, 
entranced,  overcome  by  the  influence  of 
spirituous  liquor  or  love-potions  or  maddening 
draughts  or  opium ;    Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  234. 


<»v^    khiyanat.      Arab,     Deceit,  treachery,  abuse 
of  confidence  ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  62. 

J^    khair.     Arab.     Good,  excellent,  better. 

4xf^  khaimah.  Arab.  A  tent,  a  small  hut. 
Birkhaimah :  to  encamp;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
Menghampar  kh*:  to  pitch  tents  ;  Ht.  Koris. 


J\:> 


The  letter  ddl;  the  ninth  letter  of  the  Malay 
Alphabet;  the  symbol  for  the  number  4  in  the 
Abjady  q.  v. 

This  letter  in  Javanese  is  sometimes  a 
cerebral  and  sometimes  a  dental  D;  it  is 
represented  by  two  distinct  characters  in  that 
language.  In  modern  Malay,  the  distinction 
may  be  considered  obsolete, — though  the  two 

forms  ( ^  and    ^  )  are   sometimes    met   with 

in  old  MSS.,  and  the  letter,  3  still  imds  a  place 

in  the  A  bjad  and  is  mentioned  as  an  existing 
letter  in  a  modern  Grammar  (the   Pemimpin 

Johor),     The   dots  of  the  3  in    some    Malay 
MSS.  appear  under  and  not  over  the  letter. 

di.  I.  An  inseparable  locative  prefix  signify- 
ing **  at ''  or  '*  in."  Di-dalam  :  in  the  interior 
of,  in.  Di-nunah :  in  the  house,  at  home. 
Dt-antara :  among. 

By  an  idiomatic  use  of  this  word,  di  has  the 
force  of  a  prefix  giving  a  passive  significance 
to  the  expression  to  which  it  is  united.  Kapal 
di-laiit  di'ttmda  jongkong  :  a  sea-going  ship  in 
tow  of  a  dinghy ;  ■=  a  sea-going  ship  towed  by 
a  dinghy.  Di-lihat-nya  :  in  his  sight ;  seen  by 
him.  In  many  cases  the  English  language 
has  no  corresponding  idiom,  thus  compelling 
the  translator  to  use  the  passive ;  e.  g.,  ada- 
kah  pernah  Jakim  itu  di-makan  harimau :  are 
Jacoons  ever  eaten  by  tigers  (literally:  in  a 
tiger's  eating) ;  Ht.  Abd.,  389. 

II.  [Skr.  adhi,]  Noble,  distinguished, 
exalted  ;  an  abbreviation  of  adi  when  used  as 
a  prefix.  Di-pati :  a  title ;  better  adi-pati,  Di- 
raja  :  id. ;  better  adi-raja.  See  adi,  adi-pati, 
and  adi-raja, 

daba.  Hawa-daba :  (Riau)  odour,  smell, 
breath ;  the  odour  by  which  the  presence  of 
anything  can  be  detected  or  suspected; 
(Kedah)  an  intensitive  of  hawd  in  all  senses 
including  that  of  lust.  Tuwan  belum  hawa-daba 
lagi  s^haya  sudah  tahu :  before  I  could  even 
scent  your  presence,  I  knew  all. 


U    dabat.        [  Arab.  ^3*^.  ]        A    slowly-moving 
animal ;  a  beast  of  burden. 


(J*^ 


,\:> 


dabus.  A  peculiar  puncher ;  abroad  round 
shaft  of  w^ood  with  a  small  spike  set  like  a 
spear  head  in  the  centre  of  it.  The  shaft 
being  so  much  broader  than  the  spike,  a  stab 
from  this  instrument  can  only  penetrate  to 
the  depth  of  the  spike  itself  and  so  cause 
a  comparatively  superficial  wound.  This 
instrument  is  used  by  self-punishing  devotees 
especially  in  Acheen.  Best  d. :  id. ;  Ht.  Gh. 
Bermain  d. :  to  stab  oneself  with  this  weapon 
in  a  state  of  religious  frenzy;  Ht.  Raj. 
Don.,  6, 


7^}'^    dabong.     Mendabong  :  to  file  the  teeth. 
^O    datar.     Smooth,  even,  level ;  =  rata  and  natar. 


J* 


datang.  Approach  ;  coming ;  motion  towards 
the  speaker  or  person  or  place  alluded  to. 
Daripada  A  llah  dan  rasul  datang-nya  :  it  comes 
(to  us)  from  God  and  from  His  Prophet ;  Ht, 
Abd.,  18. 

Datangkan :  to  bring ;  to  bring  on ;  to 
cause  anything  to  come  ;  to  bring  about ;  Sh. 
Ul.,  33.  Mendatangkan :  id.  M.fikiran:  to 
invite  reflection  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  53.  Af .  sembah :  to 
bring  a  message ;  to  convey  a  message  to  any 
one;  Ht.  Raj.  SuL,  i. 

KBdatangan :  the  approach  or  coming  of  any- 
thing ;  arrival.  K,  matit :  the  coming  of  Death ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  300. 

Mendatangi :  to  attack ;  to  come  up  against 
a  place  or  person.     M.  ke-inderaan :  to  attack 
the  Heaven  of  Indra;    Ht.  Sg.  Samb.     M, 
to  attack  Irak  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata, 


negen  trdk : 


an 


jo\^    datong.     Grandfather  ;    my  grandfather ; 
^         expression  used  in   speaking  of  or  to  one's 

grandfather.        Of.    bapang,    kakang,    anang, 

daiok^  etc. 


DATOK 


[    283    ] 


DARA 


3^\«^  da^tok.  Grandfather  ;  a  honorific  title  used  in 
addressing  an  old  man ;  a  title  of  distinction  ; 
a  Chinese  "joss  "  or  idol ;  the  spirit  of  a  kera- 
7nat  or  shrine  when  accepted  as  an  orthodox 
Muhammadan  saint  and  not  as  a  guardian 
evil  spirit  (pemmggu),  Datok  nenek  :  ances- 
tors. Datok  Bendahara  Pahang :  the  Lord 
Treasurer  of  Pahang,  the  Ruler  of  Pahang, 
Datok  penganiyayai :  the  Lord  of  Misrule,  the 
Oppressor;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  27.  Di-perbuwat 
uleh  marika-itu  siiwatu  datok ;  maka  bersumpah- 
lah  rnasing-masing  di-hadapan  datok  itu :  they 
(the  members  of  a  Chinese  Secret  Society)  had 
made  a  joss  ;  and  each  of  them  took  the  oath 
in  the  presence  of  that  joss ;  Ht.  Abd.,  429. 

(3i«^    datiya.      [Skr.  daitya.]      A  Titan  ;  a  giant. 


:>\:> 


J 


:>\:> 


dati.     (Kedah.)      Bastions   or   turrets   at   the 
corners  of  a  fort. 


daching  or  dacheng.  A  weighing  balance 
or,  rather,  steel-yard  of  Chinese  origin ;  Cr. 
Hist.  Ind.  Arch.,  L,  275.  Batu  d,  or  mata 
d, :  the  weight  attached  to  the  steel -yard. 
Rangkek  mata  d. :  a  shell  (conns  millepuncfatus) 
so  called  from  its  conical  shape  suggesting 
the  weight  on  a  steel-yard. 

dada.  The  breast ;  the  chest ;  in  some  cases, 
the  seat  of  feeling,  =  hati.  Dada-nya  bidang : 
broad-chested;  Ht.  Abd.,  328;  Sh.  Bid.,  21. 
Dada-nya  ptm  memoldi  terbit  saperti  ktmtum 
melati :  her  breasts  began  to  swell  like  the 
blossom  of  the  melati;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  87. 
Menepok  d, :  to  beat  the  breast. 

D,  gemuroh :  nervousness  of  speech ;  un- 
certain and  broken  utterance, 

D.  kttra :  a  large  shrub  with  pinkish  flowers, 
/agree a  morindasfolia, 

D,  lang :  hawk-breasted ;  forming  a  very 
acute  angle ;  a  hut  with  a  ridge  pole  and  very 
steeply  sloping  sides;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  VHL,  105, 

D.  riiwan :  **the  breast  of  the  ruwan  fish," 
— a  name  given  to  a  plant :  ostodes  macrophylla 
in  Malacca  and  boschia  griffithii  in  Johor. 

D.timta:  **  louse  breasted"; — the  converse 
oi d,  lang;  extremely  obtuse-angled. 

Bajn  d,  burong :  a  peculiar  obsolete  form 
of  dress ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Berperang  berdada  :  to  fight  in  the  open ;  to 
fight  without  being  under  cover,  in  contra- 
distinction to  the  usual  Malay  practice  of 
fighting  in  stockades.  Berperang  mendada : 
id. ;  Pel.  Abd.,  83. 

Kalang  dada:  beams  lashed  across  a  ship 
like  outriggers  to  enable  her  to  carry  more 
cargo. 

Ttdang  papan  dada  :  the  sternum  or  breast- 
bone. 

dadar.     L     A  thin  pancake   or  omelet. 

n.  MBndadar:  to  distribute  charity;  to 
serve  out  rations  to  the  poor. 


f'S\J^    dadong.     L     (Kedah.)     A  crooning  song  of 
young  children. 


uJ3\j 


j^\:> 


n.     (Riau,    Johor.)     Exposure   for   fermen- 
tation. 

dadap.  A  metallic  shield  often  mentioned 
in  romances  but  not  in  use  among  Malays. 
Di'Salahkan  uleh  Kelana  dengan  dadap-nya: 
the  Klana  warded  off  the  blow  with  his 
shield;  Ht.  Sh.  Also:  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.;  Ht. 
Perb.  Jaya;  Ht.  Mas  Ed.,  etc. 

dadak.     Chekek  kedadak  :  (Riau,  Johor)  heavy 

vomiting;  violent  sickness,  usually  invoked 
as  a  curse  upon  a  scoundrel  and  not  often 
actually  occurring.  The  expression  occurs 
in  many  forms,  e.  g.^  chekek  kedadah  (in 
Kedah),  and  muntahkan  darah. 


jj>\j>   dadok. 


Mendadok :  to  beg,  to  solicit  alms. 


xS\^ 


dadu. 

main  d. 


L      [Fort,  dado.]     A  die;  dice. 
:  to  play  with  dice. 


Ber- 


IL  Light  red,  rosy-red,  roseate.  Semangat 
terbang  ka-mega  dadii :  my  life-spirit  flies  to 
the  roseate  clouds ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Laut  d, : 
the  rosy-tinted  sea.  Payong  d, :  a  rose- 
coloured  umbrella;  Ht.  Mas  Ed.  Pelangi 
warna  d.  :  a  rosy-tinted  rainbow ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng.  Chempaka  d, :  a  rose-coloured  chant- 
pak  flower;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  3. 

III.  Dudok  berdadti:  (Riau,  Johor)  to  talk 
far  into  the  night ;  to  gossip ;  to  chatter. 

IV,  Seridadu:  [V ovi,  soldado.]  A  soldier; 
a  variant  of  serdadu,  q.  v. 

o\j    dadah.     I.     A  kind  of  native  medicine  chest 
or  receptacle  for  drugs. 

II.     See  dadak. 


fc^\^    dadeh.     [Skr.     dadhi,]       Curds.      Ayer    d. : 
whey.     D.  khing :  cheese.     The  form  ^.^\^ 

occurs,  Muj.,  50,  57,     Klinkert  spells  it  c^-^*-^  * 
Also  (Kedah)  ladeh. 


A  J    dar.      Arab 
-^  DdruH'bakd 


Dwelling,  mansion,  residence, 
the  Eternal  Abode ;  the  World 
to  Come.  Kombali  ka-ddriCl-baka :  to  die ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  17. 


dara.  [Skr.  adara?]  Unmarried;  virgin; 
maidenhood ;  the  hymen  ;  a  maiden ;  a  girl ; 
an  unmarried  daughter  in  a  family.  Maka 
Indira  Shahdan  pun  m^manggil  dara  keduwa  : 
Indra  Shahdan  summoned  the  two  girls; 
Ht.  Koris.  Bini  dan  dara :  the  married  and 
the  unmarried  ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  78.  Janda  dan 
dara :  husbandless  women ;  widows,  divorcees, 
and  maidens ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  8. 


DARAT 


[    284    ] 


DAPA 


X> 


,\3  daru.  Pokok  darU'daru :  [Skr.  dewa-dani]  a 
kind  of  pine-tree  (unidentified).  Also  dewa- 
dam  and  dedarii. 


fcj\^  darah.  Blood.  Buwang  d :  blood-letting. 
Buwang  ayer  d, :  dysentery.  Mabok  d. :  gid- 
diness at  the  sight  of  blood ;  excitement  on 
seeing  blood;  faintness  through  loss  of  blood; 
Ht.  Abd.,  247;  Ht.  Si  Misk.,  112.  D.  puteh  : 
*' white  blood;"  royal  blood,  cf.  the  English 
expression  *'blue  blooded," 

Daging  darah :  flesh  and  blood,  blood 
relationship ;  Ht,  Abd,,  338. 

Mtmtah  kedarah  or  muntahkan  darah :  to 
vomit  blood,  to  die  vomiting  blood, — an 
imprecation.     Better  chekek  kedadak;  v.  dadak. 

Pechah  kedarah  :  a  bruise  causing  a  suffusion 
of  blood  and  giving  a  red  appearance  to  the 
skin. 

Berdarah  :  stained  with  blood ;  full-blooded  ; 
blood-possessing,  as  opposed  to  bloodless  or 
pale.  Meski  sampai  berdarah :  even  to  the 
extent  of  drawing  blood ;  Ht.  Abd.,  30.  Ti- 
yada  berdarah :  bloodless,  as  the  face  of  a 
corpse ;  Ht.  Abd.,  126. 


(CjU    dan.     From ;  see  j^ 


Anak  d. :  a  virgin,  a  maiden.  Anak  dara 
stidah  berlaki :  a  married  maiden ;  a  girl 
seduced;  Prov,  Anak  dara  sunting :  a  girl 
of  seven  or  so.  Anak  dara  sedang :  a  girl  of 
eleven  or  twelve. 

Ayam  d, :  a  fowl  that  has  not  begun  to  lay 
eggs. 

Burong  d. :  the  dove ;  better  known  as 
7nerpati;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  184. 

Dara  dang:  a  Court  damsel,  a  maid  of 
honour. 

'     Hilang    d, :    rupture    of    the    hymen ;    Sh. 
Peng.,  6. 

Pokok  d. :  a  tree  that  has  not  yet  borne  fruit. 

Sunggoh  bersubang  tidak  berdara :  adorned 
with  the  ear-studs  of  maidenhood,  but  not 
with  maidenhood;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  144. 

1j^^^  darat.  Land ;  dry  land  in  contradistinction  | 
to  water;  the  interior,  as  opposed  to  the  | 
coast.     Naik  ka-darat :  landing.  \ 

Daratan :  dry  land.  Maka  ayer  latit  itu-ptm  \ 
kering'lah  menjadi  daratan :  the  sea  dried  up,  \ 
leaving  dry  land  in  its  place ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

i 

Mendarat:  to  make  for  the  interior,  to  go  I 
inland;  Sej.  Mai.,  120.  j 

Pendarat :  a  hawser;  Sh.  Nasih.,  12;  Cr.  j 
Gr.,  40.  i 


(5^0    darai.     (Kedah.)      Sexual   impotence   in    the 
male. 


lT 


»u    dasa.     [Skr.  ?]     Ten.     Sa-dasa :  a  group  of  ten. 


J^ 


A3  dasar.  Material  prepared  to  be  put  together 
for  use  but  not  yet  actually  put  together,  as 
a  book-cover  before  being  bound  on  a  book, 
or  as  the  parts  of  a  house  or  boat  not  yet  set 
up;  the  predominant  element  or  ingredient 
in  the  composition  of  anything ;  the  ground- 
work of  a  design.  Dasar  bichara  :  the  essence 
of  an  affair  or  story;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Minyak 
tangis  diiyong  tin  dasar-nya :  oil  of  dugong's 
tears  was  the  prevailing  ingredient  (in  a 
philtre) ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


^I^yvwO    dasarata.     Skr.     A  proper  name ;   the  name 
of  the  father  of  the  hero  Rama. 


&.AM 


lO    dasau.     A  vessel    for  water.     This  vessel 
made  of  coco-nut  shell ;  C.  and  S. 


is 


L^ 


»0    dasi.     Butang  dasi :  collar-studs;   Bint.  Tim., 
22  February,  1895. 


^^^^  dangak.  Mendangak :  to  hold  the  head  back  ; 
C.  and  S.     Cf.  dangak  and  dangok. 

^p\^    dangok.      Mendangak,     or     ( Kedah )     dndok 

tedangok :  to  sit  with  the  head  staring  forward; 
to  have  the  head  thrust  forward  and  the  chin 
resting  on  the  hand  ;  to  be  aground, — of  a 
boat,  the  bows  of  which  alone  are  high  on 
a  reef,  the  stern  being  in  deep  water. 

jSy\^  dangau.  A  temporary  raised  hut,  lean-to 
or  shelter,  built  in  the  padi-fields  or  for  camp- 
ing in  the  jungle.  Sa-btmah  d, :  one  of  these 
jungle-shelters;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  80. 

Pergi  ka-bendang   memanching  ikan, 
Ttirtm  hujan,   naik   ka-dangau; 

Enche'   terhimpit  dalam  sakitan, 
Hidop   segan   matt   ta'-mahn : 

he  went  out  fishing  in  the  padi-fiQlds;  the 
rain  came  on  and  he  climbed  up  into  the 
shelter. 

£•^3    dangai.     I.     A  sweetmeat  made  of  rice,  sugar 
and  coco-nut. 

II.     An  expletive  or  expression  of  enquiry 
at  the  end  of  a  sentence ;  C,  and  S. 

V— 30  dapa.  A  slave-messenger  bearing  a  proposal 
of  marriage.  This  slave  would  be  retained 
by  the  lady's  family  on  the  acceptance  of  the 
proposal. 


DAPAT 


[    285    ] 


DA'KAI 


cJ\j 


dapat.  Acquisition ;  success  in  effecting  or 
obtaining  anything.  Hutang  mas  dapat  di- 
bayar,  hutang  hudi  di-bawa  matt :  a  debt  of 
money  may  be  paid,  a  debt  of  kindness 
lasts  to  death ;  Prov.  Lepas  piiteh  hitam 
ta'-dapat :  he  resigned  the  white  and  failed 
to  get  the  black ;  he-  fell  between  two 
stools;  Prov.  H amptr-hampir  dapat  Melaka 
tdeh-nya  :  he  nearly  got  possession  of  Malacca, 
hi  lemah  dapat  ka-orang,  ttdang  biiUi  piilang 
ka-kita  :  the  flesh  and  the  fat  go  to  others, 
the  bones  and  the  feathers  are  left  for  us; 
we  get  the  kicks  and  others  the  half-pence  ; 
Prov.  Tiyada  dapat  di-buwat-^iya  dalam  gelap  : 
it  could  not  be  managed  under  cover  of  night. 
Dapat'lah  aku  behasa  itit :  I  mastered  that 
language;  Ht.  Abd.,  40. 

Ta' -dapat-tiyada,  or  tadapatiyada  :  it  is  im- 
possible otherwise ;  it  must  be  ;  must. 
Unjokkan  surat  ini ;  tadapatiyada  di-tolong-nya  : 
show  this  letter  and  you  will  be  certain  to 
be  helped  ;    Ht.  Abd.,  100. 

Dapati :  to  obtain,  to  get^  to  acquire. 
Mendapat :  id.  M,  sakit :  to  fall  ill.  M.  ban  : 
to  get  wind  of;  to  get  on  the  scent  of  any- 
thing ;   Ht.  Abd.,  78. 

Kedapatan  :  the  acquisition  of  anything ;  the 
thing  acquired.  K.  budi  :  the  acquisition  of 
knowledge.  Sebab  budi  buleh  kedapatan  :  by 
means  of  kindness,  profit  accrues  to  us ;  Prov. 

Mendapatkan :  to  meet ;  to  obtain  an  inter- 
view with.  Pergi-lah  aku  mendapatkan  orang 
itu :  I  went  to  meet  that  man  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  267. 

Pendapat  or  pendapatan  :  acquisition  gene- 
rally ;  profit  ;  receipts,  salary  ;  advantage  ; 
a  judicial  finding  or  decision.  Siapa  yang 
menang  itu-lah  tnwan-ku  ambil  akan  menantu, 
demikiyan  pendapat  patek  ini  :  receive  as  your 
son-in-law  the  man  who  proves  the  winner, — 
that  is  my  opinion,  my  lord  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 
Menchari  pendapat  yang  semperna:  to  seek  that 
which  is  truly  profitable  ;  to  seek  true  wisdom ; 
Ht.  Raj.  SuL,  18.  Segala  pendapatan-ku  :  all 
my  earnings  ;   Ht.  Abd.,  279. 

Bangsal  di-Jmlu  kerapatan ; 

Sayang  duriyan  gugov   bunga-nya ; 
Sesal  dahidu  pendapatan; 

Sesal   kemudiyan, — apa  guna-nya  ? 

repentance    in     time    is    profit ;    repentance 
afterwards — of  what  use  can  it  be  ? 

Terdapat  :  obtained,  captured  ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  32. 


i^^    dapor.     I.     A  Malay    kitchen;    the   cooking 
-^  place  in   an   ordinary  native  dwelling-house. 

Di'Chari  sampai  ka-dalam-dalam  nmiah  dan 
dapor-dapor :  they  sought  for  him  in  the  very 
recesses  of  the  house  and  even  in  the  kitchens; 
Ht.  Abd.,  246. 

D.  tanah :  A  mud-oven.  Belanja  d.  :  the 
cost  of  wedding-festivities.  Juru  d. :  the  chief 
cook;  the  ''chef;''  Ht.  Indo  Jaya.  Penghulu 
d. :  id. 


Rmnah  d, :  the  cook-house. 


n.  [Connected  with  I.?]  Dapor-dapor 
susu :  the  outer  portion  of  the  breast ;  the  edge 
of  the  breast ;  Sej,  Mai.  139.  Dapor-dapor 
kubor :  the  grave  mound,  in  contradistinction 
to  the  head-stone  (nesan),  Galang  d, :  the 
wooden  sides  of  the  grave-mound.  Dapor- 
dapor  is  also  used  of  the  pan  of  a  gun. 

In  all  these  expressions  dapor  seems  to  have 
the  sense  of  *'  outer  portion  "  and  is  probably 
connected  with  the  idea  of  the  native  kitchen 
as  an  outer  appendage  of  the  dwelling-house. 


dapan.      In  front,  before: 
V.  hadap. 


better  di-hadapan  ; 


daka.  The  wooden  supports  on  which  rests 
the  plank  hiding  away  the  body  in  a  Malay 
grave.  When  the  body  is  laid  in  a  niche  at 
the  side  of  the  grave  proper,  the  daka  rest,  at 
an  angle,  against  the  walls  of  the  grave  and 
the  plank  is  laid  on  them  so  as  to  shut  off  the 
niche  (lobang  tikus).  The  grave  is  then  filled 
up.  When  the  body  is  laid  in  a  cutting 
(liyang  lahad)  along  the  bottom  of  the  grave 
proper,  the  daka  are  laid  over  the  cutting  and 
the  coffin  lid  is  laid  on  them.  The  coffin 
itself  is  not  buried. 


/ 


O  dakar.  Obstinacy  in  wickedness ;  perversity. 
Jahat-nya  engkau  terlalu  dakar  :  your  wicked- 
ness is  excessively  persistent ;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach., 
18.  Membuwat  dakar  tiyada  berpada  :  to  give 
rein  to  perverse  instincts  without  limitation  ; 
Sh.  Nas.,  10. 

This  word  is  also  used  in  the  sense  of  "arro- 
gance." Chakap-nya  engkau  berdakar -dakar : 
your  speech  is  most  arrogant ;  Sh.  Abd.;  Mk., 
26. 


, D^^    dakap.     Embracing:   straining  or  drawing  to 

one's  breast.  Di-dakap-nya :  in  his  embrace  ; 
Ht.  Sg,  Samb.  Tuwan  dakap  sehaya,  sehaya 
dakap  tuwan ;  tiyada  masok  sayang,  ta'-sedap  hati 
tuwan  :  you  embrace  me,  I  embrace  you  ;  but 
no  love  is  felt  and  no  pleasure  given  ; — a  riddle, 
the  answer  to  which  is  :  **  a  door." 

Berdakap :  to  clasp  together ;  to  embrace. 
B,  tuboh:  to  hug  oneself;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  B, 
tangan  :  to  clasp  one's  hands. 

Ber dakap -dakapan  :  to  interchange  embraces  ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Mendakap :  to  embrace  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Jaya;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  152. 

S\,^  daku.  I,  me;  the  first  person  singular  espe- 
cially  when  following  words  ending  in  the 
letter  n  ;  e.  g.,  kan,  akan,  and  dengan.  Akan 
daku  :  to  me ;  =  akan  aku, 

^  U  da'kai.  (Kedah.)  Perhaps;  is  it  not  so; 
may  it  not  be  so ; — an  idiomatic  expression  of 
suggestion.     Cf.  dangai. 


DAKI 


[    286    ] 


DALEH 


S^^ 


d^:> 


f^ 


^. 


daki.  I.  Filth;  dirty  secretions  in  the  hair 
or  nails;  dirt  on  the  body.  Tepok  nyamok 
menjadi  daki:  slap  a  mosquito  and  it  will 
adhere  as  dirt  to  your  body;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 
Membuwang  d, :  to  wash  away  dirt ;  to  clean 
one's  body ;  Ht.  Abd.,  389. 

II.  Ascent,  climbing  up.  Changkat  sama 
di-daki,  lor  ah  sama  di4urun :  together  have 
we  climbed  the  hill,  together  have  we  des- 
cended to  the  valley ;  we  have  been  comrades 
in  good  and  ill ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  162. 

Mendakt :  to  climb;  to  ascend;  Ht.  Abd., 
381 ;  Sh.  Nasih.,  15.  M.  bukit :  to  climb  a 
hill;  Sh.  Lamp.,  23;  Sh.  Jub.  Mai.,  15. 


daga.  Mendaga : 
against  a  current 
work." 


to  exert  oneself; 
;  to  walk  up  hill ; 


to  work 
*' up-hill 


dagang.  A  foreigner;  a  stranger;  a  man 
from  a  distant  country,  especially  a  travelling 
trader  in  contradistinction  to  a  resident  mer- 
chant or  buyer  of  imports  (saudagar);  trading. 
Perahu  d, :  a  trading-vessel;  Ht.  Abd.,  11. 
Anak  d. :  a  stranger.  Hamba  ini  dagang 
dBngan  sa-orang  dirt :  I  am  a  lonely  stranger ; 
Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.  Laki  pulang  kelaparan^  dagang 
lain  di4anakkan :  her  husband  may  go  back 
hungry,  but  she  will  cook  for  a  passing 
stranger;  her  charity  does  not  begin  at  home; 
Prov.  D.  senteri :  the  stranger  as  an  object 
of  pity  or  charity;  the  poor  stranger;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  17. 

Dagangan :  merchandise ;   Ht.  Abd.,   8,  95, 
191,  269,  etc. 

daging.  Flesh,  meat.  £>.  ulai'  sawa :  the 
flesh  of  the  python  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  387. 

Dewa   melenggok   di-atas  peti, 
Paksi   lengkap   terbang   ka-biram ; 

Ku  sangkakan   daging  yang  jati, 

Rupa-nya   daging   berchampor  hardm : 

I  thought  it  good  honest  flesh ;  it  seems  to  be 
flesh  that  is  partly  forbidden  food  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

D.  darah :  flesh  and  blood,   blood  rekition- 
ship;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  48;  Ht.  Abd.,  338. 

D.  kain :  the  material  of  a  textile  fabric. 

dagok.     Hantu  dagok  :  clouds  on  the  horizon 

when  of  very  quaint  or  changing  form, — 
assumed  by  Malays  to  be  evil  spirits  (hantu 
orang  mati  di-bunoh).  See  also  J.  I.  A., 
I.,  307. 

dagan  or  dagun.  Ubi  d, :  a  jungle  yam 
(unidentified) ;  J.  I.  A.,  I.,  255. 

dagu.  The  human  chin ;  (by  extension)  the 
corner  or  '*chin''  of  certain  instruments  such 
as  the  patil  and  beliyong ;  that  portion  of  the 
kris  which  forms  the  lower  and  broader  end 
of  the  ganja.  Bibir  yang  di-bawa  ini  menolak 
dagu-nya :  his  lower  lip  pressed  against  his 
chin ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  89. 


D.  rengka :  the  loops  at  the  end  of  an 
elephant's  panniers,  fastening  the  panniers 
together. 

J^*^    dal.     The  name  of  the  letter  .>  . 

MU    dala.     A  tree  (unidentified) ;  C.  and  S. 

jO\^    dalang.     The  story  teller  in  a  puppet  show ; 

CI  the  man  who  relates  the  tale  while  illustrating 

his  narrative  by  the  action  of  the  puppets. 
In  the  case  of  Javanese  tales  written  expressly 
for  the  stage,  '^dalang''  appears  in  the  sense 
of  ''the  author"  or  of  the  editorial  ''we." 
Demikiyan-lah  kisah-nya  yang  di-cheriterakan 
uleh  dalang  yang  herbnwat  I  el  ah  akan  hikdyat 
ini :  such  is  the  tale  as  told  by  me,  who  am 
now  wearied  with  recounting  it;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.  Maka  dalang  itu-pim  berwayang-lah 
lakon  Pandawa  Jaya :  the  story-teller  played 
the  story  of  the  Victorious  Sons  of  Pandu ; 
Ht.  Mas  Ed.  Dalang  yang  emptmya  lelakon  : 
the  narrator  of  this  tale;  Ht.  Sh. 


^\: 


dalong.    I. 

Sekanak. 


A  war-song  of  the   Orang  Lant 


11.  A  large  platter  or  tray  for  feeding 
people  in  large  numbers.  Tembaga  dalong : 
a  large  brass  tray  on  a  pedestal. 


dalek.      Dolak-dalek  :       uncertain, 
worthy,  wavering,  shilly-shallying. 


untrust- 


dalam.  I.  Depth,  deep.  Terlahi  dalam 
ayer-nya  :  its  waters  were  very  deep.  Beber- 
apa  dalam  ayer-nya :  how  deep  are  its  waters  ? 

Mendalamkan:  to  deepen ;   Ht,  Koris. 

IL  Interior,  inside;  in,  while,  during.  Di- 
isi-nya  dengan  kapas  ka'dalam-nya  :  he  filled  it 
with  cotton  wool.  Di-dalatn  perentah  orang  : 
in  the  power  of  others.  Di-dalam  itu  :  while 
that  was  going  on,  then.  Masak  di4uwar 
mentah  di-dalam :  ripe  on  the  outside,  raw  in- 
side ;  a  glittering  fraud  ;  Prov,  Di4uwar  kilat, 
di'dalam  berongga  :  shining  outside  and  hollow 
inside ; — a  proverb  with  the  same  meaning. 
Di-dalam  hati :  silently  to  oneself;  in  one's 
heart.      Kata  di-dalam  haii :  to  say  to  oneself. 

III.  []slw.  dalem,]  Princely  dwelling,  Court. 
Behasa  d. :  the  Court  language.  Orang  d, :  a 
servant  of  the  Court,  a  Courtier,  the  holder  of  a 
Court  office;  Pel.  Abd.,  22.  Dato'  bentara 
dalam:  a  kind  of  Malay  Aide-de-Camp ;  (in 
Johor)  the  title  of  the  Minister  for  the  Interior 
or  Home  Secretary.  Biidak  d.  :  the  youths 
and  girls  about  a  Malay  Court. 


dalu.     A  mistletoe  ;  v.  dedalu. 

daleh.  Subterfuge,  quibble.  Maka  kata  sa- 
orang  kita  sakaliyan  daleh  sa-dikit :  then  said 
one  of  them :  let  us  equivocate  a  little ;  Ht. 
Hg.  Tuw.,  45. 


DAMAR 


[    287    ] 


DAUP 


Berdaleh  :  to  equivocate,  to  quibble,  to  evade 
the  point  of  a  question,  to  beat  about  the 
bush ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama  (Maxv^.)?  37  ;  Ht.  GuL 
Bak.,  21.  Berdaleh-daleh:  id.  Htikum-nya 
tidak  berdaleh-daleh:  her  (the  Queen's)  law 
allows  of  no  quibbling;  Sh.  Jub.  Mai.,  8. 

jM\^  damar.  Resin,  pitch,  ^'dammar,''  a  torch. 
Damar  berptdoh-puloh  hatang :  tens  of  torches ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  319.  Saperii  wayang  kepadaman 
damar  rupa-nya ;  like  a  theatre  when  the  lights 
go  out ;   Ht.  Mas  Ed. 

D,  batu  :  common  resin;  resin  found  in  lumps 
at  the  roots  of  certain  trees. 

D.  daging :  a  red  soft  damar. 

D.  hitam :  the  resin  of  balanocarpiis  penangi- 
antes. 

D,  latit :  a  valuable  resinous  tree,  shorea  titilis. 

D.  laut  datm  besar :  id.,  shorea  glauca. 

D,  mata  kuching:  the  best  kind  of  resin 
known  to  the  Malays;  Muj.,  51.  It  is 
produced  by  the  trees  hopea  globosa  and 
pachynocarpiis  walltchii, 

D.  minyak :  a  turpentine  from  the  tree 
dammar  a  orientalis . 

Jelaga  d. :  the  soot  on  a  torch,  the  refuse  of 
burnt  resinous  wood,  used  by  Malays  as  a  sort 
of  poultice  or  fomentation  (tiiwam), 

^y^^    damak.     The  dart  of  a  blow-pipe.     Di-ambil 

damak  itu  di-bubohkan-nya  ipoh :  he  took  the 
dart  and  put  poison  on  it;  Ht.  Abd.,  391. 
Lengkap  dengan  damak  dan  upas-nya :  fully 
equipped  with  darts  and  poison ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Tabong  d. :  the  quiver  used  with  these  darts. 

3    damal.     (Riau,  Johor.)     Slow  to  move,  diffi- 
cult to  sail  or  row,  of  a  boat. 


M 


cf^^ 


^aO  daman.  I.  The  sheet  of  a  large  sail.  This 
word  is  used  by  the  rather  cosmopolitan 
Malay  lascars ;  the  word  for  the  sheet  of  a 
small  Malay  boat  is  tali  kelat. 

II.     Burong  daman :  a  bird  (species  unidenti- 
fied);  Pel.  Abd.,  113. 

<u\^    damuh.      (Kedah.)      Repulsively   dirty;    dis- 
gusting; the  sensation  of  disgust. 


\^    damai.     Settlement,  peace  ;    arrival  at  a  good 
understanding;  Ht.  Abd.,  194. 

Damaikan :  to  bring  to  a  good  understand- 
ing; to  effect  a  settlement.  Maka  sembah-nya  : 
suwara  orang  berkelahi  laki-bini  telah  sudah 
patek  damaikan :  he  said :  there  was  the  sound 
of  a  man  and  his  wife  quarrelling,  and  I  effect- 
ed concord  between  them;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
23. 

Baik'lah  tuwan-hamba  damaikan, 
Dengan   kambing  menjadi  kawan : 

you,  my  Lord,  had  better  make  peace  and 
become  the  friend  of  the  goat ;  Sh.  Sg. 
Kanch.,  16. 


Ber damai:  to  be  at  peace.  Berperang  pim 
tiyada,  berdamai  pun  tiyada :  they  were  not  at 
war,  not  yet  were  they  at  peace ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
Berkelahi  pun  tiyada,  berdamai  pnn  tiyada : 
id. ;  Sej.  Mai.,  126. 

Perdamaikan :  to  bring  about  a  settlement ; 
to  reconcile;  Muj.,  86. 

Perdamaiyan :  a  settlement,  a  peace,  an 
agreement ;  Sh.  Ul.,  27. 

dan.     I.     And,  furthermore. 

II.  Ability  or  time  to  manage  anything. 
Ta'-dan  :  it  cannot  be  managed  ;  impossible  ; 
we  can't  do  it  in  the  time.  Ta'-dan  gesek 
biyola  hendak  menari  dahuln  :  before  we  have 
time  to  tune  up  the  violins,  he  wants  to  start 
dancing;  Prov. 

III.  (Naning.)    Your  servant,  I. 


^^  dana.  [Skr.  ddna.]  Gift,  charity,  alms. 
Merapu  d. :  to  go  a-begging  ;  to  wander  about 
in  search  of  alms. 


,-.\3 


J" 


\^  danor.  Putrid  fluid  exuding  from  a  dead 
body ;  a  putrefymg  corpse.  Bnkan-nya  pula 
babi  makan  danor  nenek  ntoyang  engkatt  yang 
mati :  not  a  pig  to  drink  the  putrid  fluids  from 
your  ancestors'  bodies  ;  Ht.  Sh,  Cf.  also  Sh. 
Lail.  Mejn.,  29. 


Jo    danau.     (Riau,   Johor.)     A    mere,   a  pool,  a 
^  tarn,  a  lake.     Peri  hdl  besar  danau  itu:  regard- 

ing the  size  of  that  lake ;  Ht.  Kal,  Dam.,  72. 
Jika  ada  padang  yang  luwas  di-jalani  menjadi 
danau  daripada  kebanyakan  tantera  yang  ber- 
jalan  itu  :  if  they  traversed  a  wide  plain  it 
was  (trampled)  turned  into  a  lake  owing  to 
the  numbers  of  the  soldiers  marching  over  it ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

In  Kedah  the  word  is  pronounced  danu. 
In  Selangor  the  word  is  used  of  treacherous 
marshy  ground  ;  cf.  lanyati. 

Ular  d. :  (Province  Wellesley)  a  rainbow  ; 
(Riau,  Johor)  a  name  sometimes  given  to 
the  water-python,  ular  sawa  rendam  ;  (Kedah) 
a  horse-headed  spirit-snake. 

'\^    dani.     Speckled  ; — a  dialectic  variant  of  dandi, 
-  q.  V. 

,Zj^^  dawat.  [Arab,  o^b  .]  Ink.  jD.  ^mas :  gold 
coloured  writing  fluid,  Tempat  d, ;  an  inkstand. 
D,  warena-warena :  inks  of  various  colours ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  31.  Berdawat  biyar-lah  hitam :  if 
you  are  smeared  with  ink,  you  may  as  well  be 
quite  black  ;  in  for  a  penny,  in  for  a  pound  ; 
Prov. 

\ 
J^U    daud.     Arab.     David. 

u-3a\3  daup.  Broad,  puffed  out  and  sullen  or  heavy 
looking, — of  the  face ;  beamy  and  heavy,  of 
a  boat.  Perahu  daup-daup,  or  dedaup  :  a  large 
heavy  type  of  boat  used  on  the  East  Coast. 


DAUN 


[    288    ] 


DAYA 


(jj\^  daun.  A  leaf;  a  blade  of  grass;  a  descrip- 
tive term  for  the  leaf-like  portion  of  many 
instruments,  e,  ^.,  for  the  pan  of  a  balance, 
or  the  blade  of  an  oar  ;  one,  of  a  pack  of 
cards.  Daun  dapat  di4ayang,  getah  jatoh  ka- 
perdu  juga  :  a  leaf  may  be  borne  away  by 
the  wind,  gutta  drops  at  the  foot  of  its  parent 
tree;  some  bonds  are  transient,  some  are 
more  lasting ;  Pro  v.  Tiyadakan  angin  bertiytip 
manakan  daun  kayu  bergerak  :  if  the  breeze 
does  not  blow,  how  are  the  leaves  to  quiver ; 
there  is  no  smoke  without  fire ;  Prov. 

Z).  balek  hadap :  leaves,  which  are  white 
behind ;  the  leaves  of  the  looking  glass  tree  ? 

D.  belat :  the  rattan  network  at  the  bottom 
of  a  fish-trap.    This  network  can  be  hauled  up. 

D.  bodi :  a  fringe-pattern  in  imitation  of  the 
leaves  of  the  bodi-tree, 

D,  chSki :  **  chicky  "  cards. 
D.  dayong  :  the  blade  of  an  oar. 
D.jala  :  the  mesh  of  a  net ;  C.  and  S. 
D.  kayu  :  the  leaf  of  a  tree. 

D.  lontar :  a  leaf  of  the  lontar-p^lm  or  native 
papyrus, — formerly  used  as  a  sheet  of  paper 
would  be  used;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

D.  meja  :  the  top  of  a  table. 

D.  neracha  :  the  plate  or  pan  of  a  balance  ; 
Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  25. 

D,  pelita  :  the  saucer  of  a  lamp. 

D,  phtgayoh  :  the  blade  of  a  paddle. 

D,  pintii :  the  body  of  a  door. 

D.  tell  :  tea,  tea-leaves. 

D,  telinga :  the  lobe  of  the  ear. 

D,  temp:  European  playing-cards. 

Harimau  balan  d. :  (Kedah)  a  small  tiger. 

Ayer  balek  d. :  the  turn  of  the  tide ;  the 
moment  when  the  incoming  tide  is  felt  in  a 
river. 

Duriyan  d, :  a  wild  durian  with  long  spikes. 

Berdaunkan  :  to  bear  leaves.  Padi-nya  ber- 
buwahkan  emas  dan  berdaunkan  perak  :  the  padi 
bore  fruit  of  gold  and  leaves  of  silver ;  Sej . 
MaL,  28. 

Mendaun  kayu:  **as  the  leaves"  of  the  forest ; 
— a  simile  for  immense  multitude,  such  as 
that  of  an  army;  Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

Pakaiyan   anak   raja  MHayu^ 
Terbang  nuri   dari  udara ; 

Benchana   banyak   mendaun- kayu 
Hati  yang  bimbang  tiyada  terkira : 

though  slanders  be  many  as  the  leaves  of 
the  forest,  a  loving  heart  takes  no  account  of 
them ;  Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  5. 

t5jO  dawai.  Thick  metallic  thread,  wire.  J&m- 
pama  ayakan  dawai  :  like  a  sieve  (which  only 
allows  fine  stuff  to  pass  through  it) ;  a  refining 
medium  ;  Prov. 

D.  gelang :  very  coarse  thick  wire. 

\v    dahak.     Phlegm,  pus,  mucus  from  the  throat; 
Sh.  fab.  Mimp.,  8. 


^\3    dahok.     (Kedah.)     Covetous. 


f 


j» 


»u    daham  or  dahem.     (Onom.)     Hum, — in  the 
expression  *'hum  and  haw." 

Berdaham :  to  hum  and  haw,  as  a  man  in 
doubt;  Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  Sh. ;  to  hum,  of  the 
sound  of  the  cries  of  an  army;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 


*Jb\^  dahan,  I.  A  minor  or  tertiary  branch  or 
bough  of  a  tree ;  the  smaller  branches.  Banyak 
dahan-nya  :  it  has  many  small  branches ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  487.  Meniti  dahan-dahan:  to  run  along 
the  branches,  as  a  monkey ;  Ht.  Abd.,  386. 

jD.  sekah :  an  old  branch  which  has  fallen  off 
a  tree. 

Harintau  d, :  a  large  tiger-cat  or  small  tree- 
leopard  ;  leopardus  macrocedus, 

n.  PhidaJtan :  a  kind  of  javelin ;  KL  Said  to 
be  (Riau)  a  cutting  weapon,  not  a  thrusting  one. 

a\3  dahi.  The  brows;  the  forehead  with  special 
reference  to  the  eye-brows.  Sa-hari  bulan 
dahi-nya  tin  :  his  brow  was  like  the  one-day- 
old  moon;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.  Siapa  jadi  raja^ 
tangan  aku  ka-dahi  juga  :  whoever  may  be  king, 
for  him  will  I  raise  my  hand  to  my  brows  ; 
whatsoever  king  may  reign,  I  do  not  propose 
to  enquire  into  his  right  of  succession  ;  Prov. 
C.  and  S. 

1^]^  daya.  I.  Contrivance,  stratagem,  wile, 
resource,  means  for  effecting  anything.  D, 
upaya  :  resources  of  all  sorts ;  means.  Kain 
basali  kering  di-pinggang  karena  tidak  daya 
upaya  :  my  wet  clothes  must  dry  on  the  body 
for  I  have  no  means  at  all ;  a  proverbial  des- 
cription of  extreme  poverty. 

Apakan  daya :  what  resource  is  left  me  ?  What 
can  I  do  ?     It  cannot  be  helped. 

Kain   Bali   di-atas   balai, 
Di-tiyup   angin    barat   daya; 

Jikalau  sudi,    kakanda  pakai ; 
Jikalau   tidak   apakan   daya : 

if  you  wish  to,  you  may  wear  me ;  if  you  do  not 
wish  to,  it  cannot  be  helped ;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri, 
21.  Sudah  nasibf  apakan  daya:  it  is  my  des- 
tiny, how  can  it  be  helped?    Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  29. 

Bermain  d, :  to  deceive  ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb., 
10. 

Berdaya  :  possessed  of  means  or  resources  ; 
able  to  do  anything.  Tiyada-lah  berdaya  hen- 
dak  lari  :  he  had  no  way  of  escape.  Tiyada 
berdaya  lagi :  to  be  at  one's  wits'  end ;  to  find 
the  game  up;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 

Mendayakan :  to  deceive  by  a  stratagem, 
especially  in  war.  Perdayakan  :  id.;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.  Baik4ah  aku  pergi  mendayakan  Betara 
Kesna :  I  had  better  go  and  beguile  away 
Batara  Krishna;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Perdaya  :  a  stratagem,  a  wile,  an  act  intended 
to  deceive;  Ht.  Abd.,  160. 

n.  Barat  daya  :  the  South-West ;  Sh.  Bur. 
Nuri,  21. 


DAIBAH 


[    289    ] 


DUBOR 


<b;-\3 


dairah.  Arab.  District;  the  outlying  or 
country  tracts  in  a  State,  Negeri  Singapura 
serta  dairah  Ulok  rantau  jajahan-nya :  the  town 
of  Singapore  with  its  outlying  country  tracts, 
its  shores  and  its  dependencies;  Ht.  Abd.,  224. 


U^J^   dayus. 


^^ 


jib 


C;b 


[Arab.    vij»yp .] 
coward;  v.  vi*j)J  . 


A      cuckold,     a 


daing.  L  Dried  fish;  preserved  dry  and 
very  salt  fish.  Minta  darah  pada  daing:  to 
ask  dry  fish  for  blood;  to  try  to  get  blood 
from  a  stone;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  117. 
Daing  sepat :  a  variety  of  this  preparation; 
Ht.  Abd.,  313. 

II.     A  Bugis  title  of  distinction;  Ht.  Abd., 
456. 


dayang.  A  young  girl ;  a  damsel ;  a  maid  of 
honour.  Awang  dan  dayang :  boys  and  girls  ; 
youths  and  maidens; — often  appealed  to  at 
the  beginning  of  a  poem  (  virginibus  puerisque 
canto);  Sh.  May.,  2 ;  Sh.  Dag.,  4.  Cf.  also 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  VIII.,  113. 

Dayang'dayang :  Court  damsels.  Sa-orang 
dayang'dayang :  a  Court  damsel,  a  maid  of 
honour;  Sej.  Mai.,  77. 

Pendayang :  a  young  woman — but  with  a 
suggestion  of  bad  character.  Hai  pendayang^ 
puwas-lah  sndah  gerangan  engkati  menipu : 
woman,  are  you  tired  of  deceit  ?  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  21. 

dayong.  An  oar;  a  breast-fin  of  a  fish. 
Memakai  day ong- dayong :  the  use  of  oars ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  230. 

D.  batang :  long  sweeps,  in  two  pieces  which 
are  lashed  together. 

D,  biirit :  a  stern  oar. 

D.  gebeng :  an  oar  the  blade  of  which  is 
nailed  on  the  shaft. 

D.  golek :  an  oar  of  European  type. 

D.  haluwan  :  the  bow  oar. 

D.   keling :  the   suit   "spades"    in  playing- 
cards. 
D.  kibas  :  a  broad-bladed  oar. 

D,  mayong :  all  kinds  of  oars ;  all  kinds  of 
rowing. 

Z).  merpati  sa-kawan :  oars  with  white  blades, 
— used  in  a  raja's  boat  and  producing  a  pretty 
effect  when  rising  and  falling  in  time. 

D.  peminggang :  the  oars  about  the  middle 
of  a  boat. 

D,  tudong  belanga :  tongkang  oars  with  round 
blades  nailed  on  to  the  shafts.  These  oars 
are  so  called  from  the  shape  of  the  blade. 

Anak  d. :  the  oarsmen  ;  the  rowers. 

Batang  d. :  the  shaft  or  handle  of  an  oar. 

Daun  d. :  the  blade  of  an  oar. 


L?i 


b 


l\j 


L?i 


^lo 


vK- 


Linggisan  d. :  the  long  pole  elevated  above 
the  side  of  a  boat  and  made  fast  to  the  thole- 
pins. 

Pant  d. :  to  pull  an  oar,  C.  and  S. 

Sarong  d, :  to  back  water.  There  is  also  a 
tune  of  this  name  played  to  accompany  battle- 
scenes  in  a  wayang, 

Tarek  d. :  (Penang)  to  pull  an  oar. 

Tulang  d. :  the  scapula  or  shoulder-blade. 

Berdayong:  to  row;  Ht.  Abd.,  221,  287. 

Mendayongkan :  to  propel  by  rowing;  Ht. 
Abd.,  113. 

Orang  pedayong :  an  oarsman;  Ht.  Raj. 
Don.,  72. 

daik.  An  important  Malay  settlement  or 
town  in  Lingga,  at  one  time  the  head- 
quarters of  the  Malay  Sultans  who  ruled  over 
the  Southern  portion  of  the  Peninsula;  Ht. 
Abd.,  igo. 

dayak.     Orang  dayak :    the    name   given   by 

Malays    to    the    non-Malay    inhabitants    of 
Borneo. 


^i*^    daim.     Arab.     Eternal,  enduring. 

aJD  dayu,  A  crooning  sound ;  a  low  moaning, 
rumbling  or  humming  sound ;  the  crooning 
of  a  nurse  to  a  child ;  the  rumbling  of  thunder 
in  the  distance. 

MendayU'dayu:  to  rumble  (of  distant  thunder), 
Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  i ;  Ht.  Sh. ;  Ht.  Gh. ;  to 
croon  a  lullaby;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  18;  Sh. 
Nasih.,  13. 

Mendaytikan:  to  lull  to  sleep  or  to  quiet;  Sh. 
Kumb.  Chumb.,  5. 


dayah.     Pers.     A  wetnurse. 

dobba'.  Arab.  A  gourd,  a  cucumber,  a 
pumpkin. 

dibSij.  Pers.  A  brocade  or  flowered  cloth. 
Kain  yang  bernama  dibdj :  the  cloth  called 
dibdj;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

dfibar.  The  beating  or  throbbing  of  the  heart, 
— especially  in  reference  to  the  influence  of 
great  fear  or  excitement.  Birdebar-dibav4ah 
rasa  hafi-nya  :  he  felt  his  heart  throb  violently : 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  49 ;  cf.  also  Ht.  Abd.,  36,  45, 
282,  etc. 


dSbor  or  d6bur.  Onom.  The  sound  of  a 
heavy  mass  falling  into  deep  water,  or  any 
similar  sound.     Cf.  libor  and  chebor. 


j*^^    dubor.     [Arab,  dubur.]     The  buttocks.     Also 
(more  commonly)  jtcbor. 


37 


DiBAS 


[    290    ] 


DiDAP 


lj*a»>  d3bas.  (Onom.)  The  sound  made  by  a 
current  of  air  from  a  bellows ;  cf.  dibus, 

jji*!^  dSbus.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  a  bird  flying 
through  the  air ;  the  sound  of  a  strong  wind 
blowing  through  a  belt  of  trees.     Cf.  debas. 

Pi^    ddbong.     I.     (Onom.)     The  sound  of  a  blow 
^        on  a  big  drum,  or  any  similar  sound. 

IL  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  sireh-ponch  made  of 
pandantis  or  lontar  leaf. 

s.^^^  dSbap.  (Onom.)  The  noise  of  a  fruit  falling 
on  soft  ground,  or  of  a  book  falling  on  its  flat 
side.     Berdebap  :  to  fall,  making  this  sound. 

«— »f-^  dSbop  or  dSbup.  (Onom.)  A  sound  similar 
to  that  described  by  dBbap  but  duller  in  inten- 
sity.    Also  debok  and  debuk, 

^^    dSbak.     (Onom.)     A  *' slapping*' sound;    the 

sound    of  the    hand  clapping    a  soft    sound- 
deadening  surface. 

43i-^    dSbek.     I.     (Onom.)      The  sound  of  a  thin 

flat  object  falling  on  a  soft  surface.     Cf.  debak 
and  debok. 

II.  (Perak.)  The  bleating  of  goats.  Masok 
kawan  kambing  bedebek :  to  bleat  when  you 
enter  the  company  of  goats ;  to  do  in  Rome  as 
the  Romans  do;  Prov.,  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  14. 
Cf,  embek. 


ui^    datya.     [Skr.  daitya.]     A  Titan ;  see  JU 


^r 


y- 


dgbok  or  dfibuk.     (Onom.)      A  sound  such 

as  that  of  fruit  falling  on  soft  ground ;    cf. 
debak  and  debop. 

C'^  dSbum.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  a  heavy 
"booming"  fall.  Diya-ptm  bBrdebtmt  terjun 
ka-bawah  :  he  fell  thundering  down.  ^ 

d§bu.     Dust,  haze;  Muj.,  35  ;  Kam.  Kech.,  6; 
— a  variant  of  lebu ;  cf.  abii  and  habok, 

D.duli:  a  royal  title;  Ht.  Ind,  Meng. ;  the 
equivalent  of  lebu  duli,  q.  v. 

Laut  berdebu  :  sea  so  far  from  land  that  the 
coast  appears  as  a  mere  shadowy  line  on  the 
horizon;  cf, jerebu. 


j^^    dabtr.     Pers.     A  scribe,  a  writer,  a  notary ; 
KL,  v.  d.  W.     DxMr :  id.,  Pijn. 

{^^    dStas.     (Onom.)     The  crackling  of  dry  leaves 
or  crisp  paper;  the  cracking  of  egg  shells;  cf. 

tetas, 

p«^  dfiting.  (Penang.)  The  twanging  of  a 
tightly-stretched  string  when  made  to  quiver. 
Usually  luting,  q.  v. 


JJ3    dStek.    (Onom.) 
timber. 


The    sound    of    cracking 


I  From  an  unpublished  "PengHpor  Lara**  tale. 


>^ 


dajjS*l.  Arab.  Lying,  a  false  and  lying  spirit ; 
the  false  Messiah ;  Antichrist ;  (by  extension 
of  meaning)  false,  foolish  and  senseless,  of 
conduct ;  deception  by  practical  jokers. 

Dengan   dajjdl   muka-mu  sci-nipa, 
£ngkaU'lah   Iblis  ! 

your  face  is  that  of  the  Arch- Deceiver;  you  are 
the  Spirit  of  Evil  himself!  Sh.  Ibl.,  i.  Amat 
dajjdl  stinggoh  akan  fe'eUnya  :  he  was  of  a  most 
lying  disposition  ;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  17.  Perka- 
taan  dajjdl  tidak  mengerti :  unable  to  see 
through  deceptive  words;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

dSchit.  (Onom.)  A  twittering  or  squeaking 
sound ;  the  cries  of  mice  or  swallows.  Serta 
lain  kiiching,  iikus  tidak  berdechit  lagi : 
when  the  cat  passes,  the  mice  stop  squeak- 
ing; Prov. 

This  word  is  often  made  intensely  onomato- 
poeic, and  is  pronounced  (Riau)  chiH,  (Kedah) 
lechie»k,  (Province  Wellesley)  lechieH,  etc. 


j>.J    dfichor.     (Onom.)     The  noise  made  by  a  jet 
'  of  water  spouting  out  of  a  tap.     Cf.  panchor, 

etc. 

f^^    deching.     (Onom.)     The  chinking  or  clinking 
^*  of  small  coin. 

dSchah.  {Rompin  and  Endan  in  Pahang.) 
You,  thou ;  C.  and  S. 

dakhil.     Arab.     Ingrained;  innate;  trusty. 

dedaru.     See  dam  and  dewadaru, 

dSdalu.  A  generic  name  for  parasites  of  the 
mistletoe  class.  The  forms  of  this  word  are 
very  numerous :  (  Kedah )  nenalu,  (  Province 
Wellesley)  dahi  and  dendalu,  ( Riau,  Johor ) 
bendahi,  (Pahang)  dedahi,  (Trengganu)  genahi, 
(Orang  laut)  menalu;  also  benalu,  bindahi,  and 
kemendalu. 

dSdar.  A  touch  of  fever ;  a  feverish  and  low 
state  of  health  without  marked  illness. 

dSdas.  ( Onom, )  A  rattling  or  crackling 
noise ;  cf.  detas,  tetas,  etc. 

dSdap.  L  The  name  given  to  a  number  of 
large  trees  (with  scarlet  flowers);  erythrina 
indica,  erythrina  stricta,  and  others;  Muj.,  88; 
Ht.  Koris;  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  12;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi., 
3.  These  trees  are  principally  used  as  pepper 
supports.  Laksana  btmga  dedap ;  sunggoh 
merah  berbau  tidak :  like  the  dedap  flowers, 
crimson  but  scentless ;  fair  but  useless;  Prov, 
D.  laut:  the  plant  hibiscus  tiliaceus.  Also 
baru  laut, 

A  kar  d, :  a  large  climber  with  great  masses 
of  orange  flowers ;  bauhinia  iniegrifolia. 


:>:> 


J 


d£dak 


[  291   ] 


DARJAH 


D.  wangi,  d.  miiiyak,  d,  chuchok:  unidentified 
varieties  of  the  deda'p. 

II.     A  small  shield  or  buckler;  better  dadap. 


IJ^  dSdak.  L  BY3.n;  padi  husk  broken  up  and 
mixed  with  broken  padi  (given  as  food  to 
ducks,  etc.).  Bagi  padi,  hendak  ka-dedak  : 
give  him  padi  and  he  longs  for  bran ;  give  him 
honest  food  and  he  longs  for  the  filth  he  is 
accustomed  to ; — a  proverbial  expression  also 
used  to  describe  irreclaimably  low  tastes  and 
conduct  such  as  that  of  a  fallen  woman  who 
after  being  honestly  married  returns  to  her 
evil  ways. 

XL  Mindedak :  to  crowd;  to  press  on  in 
large  numbers.  Menderu  mendedak :  id.  (in- 
tensified); Hi,  Raj.  Don.,  47. 

^-^J>    dSdam.     ( Kedah. )     Bededam :    to   crowd    or 
'  meet  together. 

Bededam   kapal   di-Tanjong 
Tampak   dari  Ptdau  Jerejak; 

Rindii   dendam   sangat   tertanggong, 
Hendak   tangis,    bttkan   budak : 

the  ships  seem  to  crowd  the  port  of  Penang 
when  viewed  from  Pulau  Jerejak. 

^^3    dSdau.     (Riau,  Johor.)     Mendedam  to  shriek, 
^  to  cry  out  at  the  top  of  one*s  voice. 

^J^^  dSdah.  Open,  exposed,  standing  open  or 
exposed  ;  indecent  exposure  through  careless- 
ness in  lying  down ;  naked  and  on  one's  back. 
Dttdok  terdedah :  id. 


iS^:> 


J' 


V 


dSdai.  Berdedai'dedai :  in  a  long  crowded 
disorderly  line,  as  the  flight  of  a  beaten  army 
along  a  pass.  Berjalan  berdedai-dedai :  to 
march  in  long  disorderly  array;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach., 
6,  21. 


dari.  A  preposition  expressive  of  origin  or 
material;  from,  regarding,  out  of;  of  (in  the 
sense  of  **  made  of'*);  in  the  matter  of. 
Dari  situ  :  thence.  D,  sini  :  hence.  Dari  Ml : 
relating  to.  Daripada  :  from,  out  of,  regard- 
ing. Gtcru  daripada  igama :  a  teacher  of 
religion.  Pandai  daripada  tulis  tnenulis : 
skilled  in  writing. 

Dari  is  also  used  where  a  preposition  of 
comparison  would  be  used  in  English. 
Endah  khabar  dari  rupa  :  repute  is  fairer  than 
appearance ;  things  seldom  come  up  to 
expectation;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  114. 

The  prepositional  character  of  dari  (which  in 
Malay  always  precedes  the  word  to  which  it 
relates  and  is  therefore  of  the  nature  of  a 
prefix)  leaves  the  vowels  in  the  word  dari 
unaccented ;  e.  g*,  dari-situ,  dari'Sini,  etc.  The 
vowels  in  dari  are  therefore  always  short. 


ri>^ 


dSra.  Chastisement,  punishment.  Di-hala- 
man  balai  itu  di-dera :  punished  on  the  lawn 
before  the  court ;  Sh.  Jur.  Bud,,  14.  Dengan 
cJmneti  engkau  kti  dera :  I  will  chastise  you 
with  the  whip;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  71. 

diraja.  [Skr.  ddhi-rdja.]  Noble  royalty; 
royalty  by  descent ;  hereditary  kingship ; — an 
abbreviation  of  adiraja.  Raja  diraja  :  a  king, 
the  son  of  kings;  Ht.  Berm.  Shahd.  Aug- 
katan  raja  diraja :  a  royal  hearse ;  Ht.  Abd. 
Pancha  raja  diraja :  id. ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  139. 
Seri  nara  diraja :  a  Malay  title  of  high  rank ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  105.  Dato'  Seri  Amar  diraja:  id., 
at  Johor. 

Oy*^    dSrana.      [Skr.  dharana.]     Guilty. 


^^J^ 


^j. 


jry 


oWj^ 


"^j^ 


d§rawa  or  dirawa.  [Skr.  drdwa.]  Syrup. 
Gida  d, :  id.,  a  simile  for  extreme  sweetness  ; 
Ht.  Mas  Ed.  This  word  is  usually  pro- 
nounced di-rawak  by  a  mistaken  etymology. 

dgrot  or  dfirut.  (Onom.)  A  dull  scraping 
sound  ;  the  noise  of  the  dragging  of  an  anchor 
or  similar  object  over  dry  rocks ;  the  cracking 
and  falling  in  of  a  river-bank. 


durja.  [Skr.  darsha  ?]  Countenance,  visage  ; 
a  poetic  and  somewhat  high-flown  equivalent 
of  muka,  face.  Mengapa-kah  durja  tuwan 
piichaUpuchat  ini  ?  Why  is  your  countenance 
so  pallid?  Ht.  Sg,  Samb.  JD.  bersiri:  a  bright 
expression  of  countenance ;  Sh,  Sri  Ben.,  54. 
D,  mitram  :  a  dull,  sad  or  sullen  expression  of 
countenance  ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  2.  Tinggi  d.  : 
a  high  look,  a  lofty  countenance;  Sh.  Jub. 
MaL,  9.  Endah  bid  an  per  nama,  terlebeh  endah 
durja  abang :  fair  is  the  full  moon,  fairer  the 
face  of  my  lover ;  Ht.  Koris.  Durja-nya  tnwan 
di-hati  terhdis :  your  face  is  imaged  on  my 
heart;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  11. 

Jamjam  d, :  expression,  look  ;  a  very  poetic 
equivalent  of  ayer  miiha ;  Sh.  Bid.,  21;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  79,  107. 

durjana.  [Skr.  durjdna.]  Evil,  wicked, 
treacherous;  treason.  Orang yang  membuwat 
durjana  :  a  treacherous  man  ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
77.  Munieri  rf.  :  a  traitorous  minister ;  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  377.  D.  akan  tuwan-ku  :  treason 
to  my  sovereign ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  107.  Kekaya- 
an-nya  dan  kebesaran-nya  durjana :  its  wealth 
and  its  greatness  are  treacherous  things  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  23. 

In  Kedah  the  form  juru-jana  occurs.  Hang 
ini  bhar  jurU'jana :  you  are  a  great  mischief- 
maker  ;  you  are  a  treacherous  friend. 

darjah  or  daijat.  [Arab,  ajt^^  .]  Grade, 
rank ;  symbol  of  rank ;  scale.  Di-kaluwar- 
kan-nya  darjat-nya  ka-atas  baju-nya  :  he  placed 
the  tokens  of  his  rank  outside  his  coat  (so 
that  they  might  be  seen)  ;  Ht.  Abus.,  19. 


BARJI 


[    292    ] 


dSrum 


UfJ- 


b- 


darji  or  d6rji.     [Hind,    and   Pers,  iSjj^  .] 
A  tailor ;  a  "  durzee,'' 


b- 


u-s;^^ 


dard4r.     Arab.     The  elm. 


darzi.       [Hind,     and 

'*  durzee,''     Also  derji. 


Pers.]      A     tailor,    a 


dSras.  I.  [Arab,  daras.]  Menderas :  to 
study  the  Koran.  Tiyada4ah  bimhang  uleh 
yang  lain  daripada  menderas  Kurdn  :  he  found 

no  attraction  in  anything  but  reading  the 
Koran  ;  Ht.  Raj.  SuL,  22.  Selalu  menderas 
jangan-lah  jemti :  always  study,  never  get  sick 
of  it;  Sh.  Nasih.,  16. 

n.  Rapidity  of  motion;  speed;  speedy; 
swift.  Jangan  deras  sangat :  do  not  hurry 
too  much.  Terlalu  deras  lari-nya :  he  ran 
very  fast.  Gendang  raya  btmyi  diras,  ia'-tahn 
diri'Uya  berongga :  the  big  drum  beats  fast,  it 
does  not  realize  its  hollowness ;  a  fool  talks 
much,  he  does  not  realize  that  he  is  talking 
nonsense  :  Prov. 


HI.     (Onom. 
down  a  slope. 


)     A  sound  as  of  sand  rolling 


dSris.  [Arab,  idris.]  A  Malay  proper  name; 
an  abbreviation  of  Idris. 

dSrang.  (Onom.)  A  clanking  sound;  a 
sound  as  of  metal  falling  on  stone  ;  the  sound 
of  a  gong  striking  the  hours;  Sh.  Dag.,  i; 
Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  31 ;  the  sound  of  pieces  of 
jewelry  striking  against  one  another;  Sh. 
Lamp.,  11;  Sh.  Peng.,  12.  Berderang-derang 
and  berderong'derang :  id.,  repeated ;  the  ding- 
dong  sound  of  a  bell. 

during,  I.  (Onom.)  A  ringing  sound;  the 
tinkling  of  anklets ;  Ht.  Sh. ;  the  ringing  of 
the  chains  and  other  metallic  appendages  of 
an  ensign  (jogan);  Ht.  Koris. 

11.  (Onom?)  The  trumpeting  of  an  ele- 
phant; the  growling  of  an  angry  man.  Maka 
iya-pun  mendering  suwara-nya  saperti  tagar : 
he  growled  out  angrily  in  a  voice  like  thunder; 
Ht.  Best.     Cf.  also  derin. 

dSrong.  (Onom.)  A  deep  clang.  Berderong- 
derang:  to  '* ding-dong"  of  a  bell,  etc.;  Sh. 
Lamp.,  II.     Cf.  derang  and  dering, 

dfirap.  (Onom.)  A  crackling  or  rapping 
sound;  the  noise  of  small  firearms;  the  sound 
made  by  oars. 

Tarek   dayong   berderap-derap, 

Hendak   melawan  sampan   kotak; 
Sehaya  laksana   btmga  dedap, 
Sunggoh   merah   berbau   tidak : 
pull  the  oars  rap  after  rap,  when  you  race  the 
heavy  sampans.     Berdentum  bidil  yang  bSsar, 
berderap   bedil  yang  kechil :    the   heavy  guns 
boomed,   the    light   ones    rattled;    Ht.    Raj. 
Don.,  16. 


^3^^    dSrak.     (Onom.)     A  cracking  sound. 

(3^*^    dSrek.     (Onom.)     A  sound  of  tearing  as  when 
linen  is  torn  or  ripped. 

^^    dSrok    and    d6ruk.     (Onom.)     A    cracking 

sound   rather  duller  in   intensity   than   that 
expressed  by  the  word  dBrak. 


^,. 


fj^  dnrga.  Skr.  The  Hindu  goddess  Durga. 
Dewi  Durga  sakti :  the  Mighty  Durga;  Ht. 
Mas  Ed.     Dewi  Durga  Kesoma  :  id. 

fcu  \^    dargsth.     Pers.     A  court,  a  palace. 

JS^j^  dirgahayu.  [Skr.  dirghdyu  long  life.]  Ma- 
jesty, dominion ; — used  as  an  equivalent  for 
the  common  expression  datdat,  Bertambah- 
tambah  dirgahayu:  may  Your  Majesty  increase! 
may  you  live  for  ever!  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  29. 
Maka  sembah-nya  utusan  itn  dirgahayu  daulat 
Shah-'dlam:  the  Envoy  said:  Oh  Majesty!  Oh 
Royalty !  Oh  Ruler  of  the  Earth !  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  356. 

A^^    derel.     A  salvo,  a  platoon-fire. 

ly^j^    dSrSlus.     (Kedah. )      Rotting   to   pieces, — of 
woodwork  or  atap, 

^j^  deram.  L  (Onom.)  A  low  rumbling  sound; 
a  moaning  sound.  Berderam  sayang  apa-lah 
nyawa  kakanda  ?  My  soul,  what  are  you 
moaning  after  ?  Ht.  Koris ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 
Nobat  pun  menderam  behana  merayu  jiwa  : 
the  kettle-drums  rumbled  in  mournful  melody 
entrancing  the  souls  of  their  hearers;  Ht. 
Ind.  Meng.  Tagar  pun  berbunyi  menderam : 
the  thunder  rumbled ;  Ht.  Koris.  Cf.  also 
Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  23 ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 

Derum-deram :   v.   derum. 


small  cake   of  sugar 


H.     Deram-deram : 
and  flour. 

HL     Eng.     A   drum,  i 


fj^  dfirum.  L  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  a  tree 
falling.  Derum-deram  bagai  kayu  tumbang : 
rumbling  down  like  tumbling  trees.  The 
word  is  also  used  of  an  animal's  growl ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  77.     Cf.  deram, 

H.  (Riau,  Johor.)  The  word  of  command 
to  make  an  elephant  or  camel  kneel  down  so 
as  to  enable  the  rider  to  mount ;  also  (Kedah) 
terum.  Derumhan :  to  make  (an  elephant) 
kneel  in  this  way  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  90,  93,  105. 

I  £.  g.,  in  the  pantun ; 

Bunyi    terompit  tamhur  deram, 

Btmyi   beragam  berdayu-dayu ; 
Datang  pelhit  di-tengah  malmn, 

Di-s^mbor  lada,  puhnl  petty apu. 


d£rma 


[  293   ] 


dSrita 


u,^ 


dj^ 


^r 


V- 


dSrma.  I.  [Skr.  dharma,]  Alms,  gifts  to 
the  poor  by  the  charitable,  gifts  to  a  subject 
by  a  prince,  Memberi  derma  akan  segala  fakir 
dan  misktn:  to  distribute  charitable  gifts  to 
the  poor  and  needy ;  Sej.  Mai.,  69.  Di-stiroh- 
nya  derma  akan  segala  fakir :  he  ordered  charity 
to  be  distributed  to  the  poor  ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

The  word  also  occurs  in  the  sense  of  gifts 
without  any  attendant  idea  of  charity,  and 
in  the  sense  of  favour  without  any  idea  of 
gift,  Jikalan  ada  derma  kurniya  tttwan-kti : 
by  the  favour  and  kindness  of  my  Lord ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  43.  Mendermakan  segala  raja-raja: 
to  bestow  gifts  upon  all  the  princes  (attending 
the  court) ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Balai  derma :  a  hall  where  gifts  are  distri- 
buted to  the  poor  people  in  a  court. 

Dermawan :  charitable, 

11.  The  word  derma  is  also  of  constant 
occurrence  in  proper  names  of  Sanskrit  origin, 
e.  g.,  Dermawangsa  (the  name  for  Yudisthira 
in  the  Malayo- Javanese  versions  of  the  Maha- 
bharata),  Dermabayu^  Dermadewa  (the  creation 
of  Vishnu  in  the  Hikdyat  Sang  Samba),  Der- 
madewi  (the  creation  of  Brahma,  and  wife  of 
Dermadewa),  etc.  Sikap-nya  tiyada  berlawan 
saperti  Sang  Dermadewa  tetekala  turun  dart 
keyangan  demikiyan  rupa-nya  :  his  appearance 
was  peerless,  it  was  as  that  of  Sang  Derma- 
dewa when  he  descended  from  heaven  ;  Cr. 
Gr.,  78. 

dermawan.  [Skr.  dharmawant,]  Charit- 
able, kindly;  the  adjective  oi  derma,  q.  v. 

dSrSmem.  Bederemem  :  (Kedah)  dirty-faced ; 
— a  term  of  abuse. 

derin,  (Onom  ?)  The  trumpeting  of  an 
elephant, — a  local  (Perak  ?)  variant  of  dering, 
q.  V,  Masok  di-dalam  kawan  gajah  menderin  : 
to  trumpet  when  in  the  society  of  elephants ; 
to  do  at  Rome  as  the  Romans  do;  Prov.,  Ht. 
Raj.  Don.,  14. 

d6mi  or  dSrfeni.  The  sill  or  threshold  of  a  door. 

dfiran.  I.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  an 
approaching  shower  of  rain ;  the  sound  of 
rushing  waters. 

n.  Berderau:  to  plant  padi  by  co-operative 
labour. 

dSru.  (Onom.)  A  roar  as  of  a  storm  or  of  a 
crowd  or  of  an  inundation.  Mendern :  to. 
roar,  as  people  all  rushing  in  one  direction ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  117;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  52;  or  as  a 
storm ;  Ht,  Abd.,  363 ;  or  as  water  rushing 
into  a  hollow;  Bint.  Tim.,  22  February,  1895. 


darwi.     Crumbling,  falling   to   pieces. 
pend,  repui,  etc. 


Also 


darwish,  Pers.  A  dervish,  a  religious  men- 
dicant ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  174,  Pakaiyan  d, :  the 
garb  of  a  dervish;  Ht.  Hamz.,  21.    Pakaiyan- 


df\A. 


"J' 


f- 


°J- 


nya  saperti  darwish  akan  teiapi  usul-nya  itu 
hamba  lihat  saperti  orang  besar-besar :  his 
clothes  are  those  of  a  beggar,  but  from  his 
bearing  I  can  see  that  he  is  a  man  of  high 
rank;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  121. 

dgrhaka  or  dlirhaka.  [Skr.  droha.]  Trea- 
son, treachery,  betrayal.  Ada-kah  patut  kita 
derhaka  akandiya?  Is  it  right  that  we  should 
betray  their  confidence?  Ht.  Abd.,  16.  Ber- 
buwat  d, :  to  do  an  act  of  treason  or  treachery ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Mendurhaka:  id.,  Ht.  Abd., 
16,  251,   252;  Sh.  Peng.,  25. 

The  word  is  variously  pronounced  durhaka, 
derhaka,  durahka,  deraka  and  derahka. 


derham  or  dirham.  [Arab,  and  Pers.J  A 
small  silver  coin  once  current  in  Persia  and 
Mesopotamia,  and  often  mentioned  in  old 
tales  derived  from  Persian  or  Arabic  sources ; 
money  generally;  Sej,  MaL,  7;  Ht.  Koris; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  g. 

At  the  present  time  the  term  derham  is 
applied  to  gold  Turkish  coins  often  worn  as 
charms  or  ornaments  and  prized  because  of 
their  origin  ;  e,  g.  : — 

Bidan   terang  tengah   malam, 

Chehaya-nya  mtiram  tenggelam  timbulj 

Tuwan   laksana   harang   derham 
Sediya   ada  suratan  Istambul  : 

you.  Sir,  are  like  the  dirham  pieces  which  are 
all  marked  with  Turkish  characters;  you  have 
the  hall-mark  of  greatness  on  you. 


(5^J>    dari.     See  j:>, 

iSj^    d§rai.     I.     (Onom.)     A  clattering  sound  such 
as  that  of  rain  upon  a  window-pane. 

IL  Berderai-derai:  in  Indian  file;  one  after 
another  in  long  procession — used  of  the  fall 
of  flower  blossoms;  Ht.  Koris;  Sh.  Kumb. 
Chumb.,  5  ;  and  of  the  flight  of  certain  birds. 
Cf.  dedai. 


V 


'"^^"^ 


darya.  Pers,  Sea,  ocean,  river;  a  watery 
mass.  Wakil  d, :  the  Lord  of  the  Waters ; 
Ht.  Kal,  Dam.,  109. 

dSrita.  [Skr.  dhreta,]  Menderita:  to  stand, 
to  put  up  with,  to  support.  Tiyada  menderita 
lagi :  to  be  unable  to  hold  out  any  longer ;  Ht. 
Sg,  Samb. 

Tiyada  terderita:    insupportable;    Ht.   Gul. 
Bak.,  29, 

Menangis  Panji  tiyada   derita, 
Hingga  gugoran  ayer  mata ; 
Kapada  Galoh  diya4ah  cherita 
Sebab   tuwan  kakanda  bhxhinta : 
Panji  could  no  longer  restrain  himself  from 
weeping ;  his  tears  came  raining  down  at  last, 
while  to  the  Princess  he  related  how  he,  her 
lover,  had  pined  for  her  throughout. 


DUEIYAS 


[    294    ] 


DANG 


ijHj"^    duriyas.     A  rich,  heavy,  flowered  counterpane, 
used  as  the  lower  covering  of  a  bridal-bed. 

^.,JU^^    dfirisip.     (Kedah.)    Blindness  unaccompanied 
by  loss  of  the  eyeball,     Buta  d. :  id. 

^V)»>    duiiyan.     Adurian;  the  well-known  fruit  of 
that  name ;  v.  duri. 

^^  das.  A  shot  from  a  gun;  the  sound  of  a  shot. 
Raja  ini  datang  birapa  das  tembak  ?  When  this 
prince  arrives,  how  many  **  guns  "  are  we  to 
give  him  ? 


^  dusta.  Skr.  Lying,  to  He;  falsehood,  A  mat 
sakali  d, :  extremely  untrue ;  extremely  ad- 
dicted to  falsehood ;  Cr.  Gr.,  77, 

Berbuwat  d, :  to  deceive  ;  to  tell  a  lie  to ;  Ht, 
GuL  Bak.,  47.  Berdusta  :  id,,  Ht.  Gul,  Bak., 
117. 

Mendnsta  :  to  bear  a  false  appearance,  to 
give  the  name  of  a  liar  to  anyone;  Ht. 
Abd.,  183.  Chemara  m.  :  a  false  chignon  ;  a 
piece  of  cloth  put  into  the  hair  to  swell  it  out. 


J^^  dastar  or  dSstar.  [  Pers.  dastar.]  A  head- 
cloth,  a  turban,  a  kerchief;  a  fillet  worn 
by  a  bridegroom.  Berdestar :  to  be  wearing 
a  turban  or  kerchief;  Sej.  Mai.,  105.  Meng- 
hempaskan  d, :  to  throw  off  one's  turban ; 
Ht,  Hg.  Tuw.,  32. 

This  word  is  limited  in  use  to  unstarched  or 
soft  head  coverings.  If  the  kerchief  is 
starched  or  stiffened  so  as  to  give  it  a  peaked 
or  other  shape,  tingkolok  is  used. 

J^'^  dastor.  Layar  dastor :  a  studding-sail ;  Pel. 
Abd.,  120. 

j-^^  dSsar.  (Onom.)  Berdesar :  to  creak  as 
doors  or  windows  ;  to  hiss,  as  water  on  a  hot 
surface  or  rushing  down  the  sides  of  an  atap 
roof. 

j^^  dSsir.  (Onom.)  The  hiss  of  water  evaporat- 
ing on  sudden  contact  with  great  heat ;  cf. 
desa7\ 

j^^  d6sor  and  dSsur.  A  sound  similar  to  that 
expressed  by  desar  but  duller  in  intensity. 

C->];^->   dasarata.    See  c-*\;*-b  • 

iu«3    dSsing.     (Onom.)     The  singing  or  whistling 
^  of  the  wind  or  of  an  arrow  flying  through  the 

air. 

s^^  ddsak.  (Onom.)  A  crackling  sound  such  as 
that  of  paper  being  crumpled  up. 

J— *>    ddsek  and  dSsik.     (Onom.)     A  sound  of  thin 

paper  being  crumpled  up ;  =  dUak  but  sharper 
in  degree. 


^J-Mi^    dSsok    and    dSsuk.       (Onom.)      A    sound 

similar  to  that  described  by  the  word  dt%ok 
but  deeper  and  duller. 

y^^  dSsau.  (Onom.)  A  hissing  noise  ;  the  swish 
of  falling  bamboos;  the  rush  of  water  through 
vegetation. 

<U^3  dSsah.  (Onom.)  The  swish  of  falling  rain 
through  a  leafy  covering.     Cf,  desau, 

W^  do'll  or  dll'sl.  Arab.  Prayer  ;  the  invocation 
of  God  for  a  definite  object;  a  charm 
or  magical  formulae  for  effecting  anything. 
Du'd  selamat :  prayers  for  safety  or  prosperity  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  31.  Dengan  *akal  sBhaja,  bukan-nya 
dengan  tibat  atau  hikmat  atau  du^d  ada-nya : 
by  genius  alone,  not  by  philtres  or  magic  or 
formulae ;  Ht.  Abd.,  76. 

D.  pematah  lidah  :  a  charm  to  silence  one's 
enemies;   J.  I.  A.,  I.,  314. 

D.  pendinding :  charms  or  invocations  for 
defence  against  sorcery  or  evil  spirits  or  wild 
animals;  J.  I.  A.,  I.,  314. 

D,  pengaseh  :  charms  or  formulse  for  securing 
affection  ;  J.  I.  A.,  L,  314. 

Berdti'd :  to  pray.  Mendu'd  :  id.  The  form 
medti'd  also  occurs  :  Muj.,  16. 

This  word  is  usually  pronounced  do'a. 

\^^  da'wa.  Arab.  A  lawsuit ;  prosecution  in 
Court.     Kena  da'wa  :  to  be  sued. 

Da'wakan :  to  prosecute,  to  sue,  to  bring 
a  suit  against.  Menda'wa :  id.,  Ht.  Abd., 
150.  Meski  sampai  berdarah  tiyada-lah  buleh 
di'da'wakan  diya  karena  iya  mengajar  baik : 
if  he  drew  blood  even,  no  suit  could  be 
brought  against  him,  for  he  was  teaching  on 
right  lines ;  Ht.  Abd.,  30. 

Perda'waan:  a  suit;  Ht.  Abd.,  243;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  27. 

Terda'wa:  sued,  brought  to  account  in 
Court;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  157. 

iS^^    da'wa  or  da'wi.     Arab.     Law-suit ;  a  variant 
of    y^ji    q.    V.       Ttyada-lah    buleh    sa-orang 

menda'wa  atau  menda'wi  atas  bechara  ini:  no 
one  can  bring  a  suit  of  any  sort  or  kind 
in  this  matter, 

C'i  dang.  A  title  given  in  old  romances  to  ladies 
^  and  maids  of  honour  about  the  Court, 
Di-iringkan  dang  dayang  beti  perwira  anak 
dara-dara  sakaliyan :  followed  by  the  ladies 
and  maids  of  honour,  the  girl-slaves,  the 
whole  Court  and  the  young  girls  attached 
to  it ;  Ht.  Koris.  The  word  also  occurs 
as  a  prefix  to  the  names  of  such  ladies 
{e,  g-..  Dang  Judah  in  the  Ht.  Koris  and 
Dang  Merdu,  Ht.  Ism.  Yat,,  55),  and  also 
as   a   prefix  to   the  names  of  fish. 


DfiNQUT 


[    295    ] 


DiNGKONO 


O-^^    dSngut.     I.     The   piping   or  whistling   of  a 

quail.  Tirdengut  ptiyoh  panjang  bunyi :  the 
quail  piped  out  its  long-drawn  note ;  Ht. 
Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  i. 

II.     The  throbbing  of  a  gathering,  abscess, 
or  boil.     Better  dennyut. 


J'Jp^    dangdang.     (Kedah.)     A  large  copper 
^  or  boiler ;  (Riau,  Johor)  dandang,  q.  v. 


bowl 


jP*^  dSngar.  The  sense  of  hearing;  listening  to, 
hearing.  Di-deiigar-nya  :  in  his  hearing  ;  he 
heard.  Choba  d,  :  please  listen ;  hark ! 
Dengar-lah :  listen  to,  hearken  to  ! 

Jangan   di-dengar  gnroh   di4angit, 
Ayer   tempayan   adinda   churahkan: 

do  not,  on  hearing  thunder  in  the  sky, 
empty  out  the  water  contained  in  your  jars ; 
do  not  count  on  rain  till  it  comes  down ; 
Prov. 

Dengari :  to  listen  to,  to  hear ;  Sh.  Bur. 
Nuri,  37;  Sh.  Bid.,  8;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  42. 
Menengar :  id.,  Ht.  Abd.,  45.  Mendengar  : 
id.,  Ht.  Sg.  Samb, ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 
Dengarkan:  id.,  Ht.  Abd.,  174.  Menengarkan: 
id.,  Ht.  Abd.,  52,  149,  173,  etc.;  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya;  Ht.  Koris ;  Sh.  Bid.,  49. 

Kedengaran :  the  act  of  listening  to ;  the 
state  or  condition  of  being  listened  to;  Ht. 
Abd.,  59,  63,  312,  etc. 

Penengar :  the  sense  or  power  of  hearing. 
Siapa  memberi  penengar  telinga-mn :  who 
gave  your  ear  the  power  of  hearing  ?  Sh. 
IbL,  4. 

Penengaran :  the  act,  power,  or  sense  of 
hearing.  Telinga-nya  lebar  'aldmat  banyak 
penengaran  :  his  ear  was  broad — a  sign  of 
quickness  of  hearing;  Ht.  Abd.,  86.  Barang 
penengaran  senda :  anything  heard  by  me ; 
Sej.  MaL,  98.  The  form  p^ndengaran  also 
occurs  :    Sh.  UL,  5. 

Terdengar  :  heard,  listened  to,  met  with  by 
the  sense  of  hearing;    Ht.  Abd.,  71. 


^yS^^    dengUS.        Mendengus 
audibly. 


to    snort,    to    sniff 


j^J>  dangsar.  (Kedah.)  A  tree  (unidentified) ; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  This  tree  grows  in  nipah 
swamps,  and  its  soft  pith  is  edible. 

ip3    dfegong.     (Onom.)     A  humming  sound ;  the 
lT         humming  of  the  strings  of  an  ^olian  harp, 

or  of  a  humble  bee ;  the  twang  of  a  bow-string ; 

droning  or  buzzing  in  the  ears ;  the  hum  of 

an  approaching  storm. 

Hati-nya  sangat  bersayu  sayu, 
Saperti  dengong   berpuput   bayu : 

her  heart  was  mournful,  mournful, — as  a 
humming  sound  wafted  by  the  breeze ;  Cr. 
Gr.,  62.  D.  di'dalam  telinga :  buzzing  or 
humming  in  the  ears ;  Muj.,  50. 
Bmor  d.  and  inas  d, :  two  contrivances  to 
make  a  kite  hum. 


Berdengong  :  to  give  out  a  humming  sound, 
as  humble-bees ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  or  as  a  bow- 
string; Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  62  ;  or  as  the  rigging 
of  a  ship  in  a  strong  wind ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben., 
22,  46 ;  or  as  a  multitude  of  people  when 
collected  together;   Ht.  Abd.,  74. 

Berdengong'dengongan :  continuous  and 
repeated  humming;    Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

^jP-^    d6ngak.     I.     Askew,  awry;    Pijn.,  Kl. 

II.  Dudok  terdengak'dengak  :  (Riau,  Johor) 
to  sit  with  head  pushed  forward  or  staring 
forward ;   cf.  dongak  and  dangak, 

^3    dfingek.     I.     (Onom,)     The  sound  of  a  blow 

when  dulled  by  contact  with   a  soft  surface ; 
KL,  Pijn. 

II.     See  dengok,  II. 

^JP^    dSngok.     I.      (Onom.)     A    sound    similar   to 

that     expressed     by     dengek,    but     duller   in 
intensity. 

II.  Terdengok  :  squat-like,  of  the  neck;  the 
lowering  of  the  chin  and  head  so  as  to  give 
the  neck  a  broad  bull-like  appearance.  Ter- 
dengok-dengek :  the  appearance  of  the  neck 
when  a  man  is  engaged  in  eating. 


^S^ 


PJ    dangkar.     I.      (Riau,    Daik.)      Obstinate   in 
malpractice ;  a  variant  of  dakar,  q.  v. 

II.  D ongkor 'dangkar :  bundling  out;  turn- 
ing out  bag  and  baggage, — used  of  a  person 
being  banished  at  very  short  notice  by  a 
prince's  orders. 

SsPJ  dSngkor.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Snoring;  heavy 
breathing  in  one's  sleep.    In  Kedah :  rneUngkor, 

Berdengkor :  to  snore;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  82, 
Mendengkor :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  528. 

bS':>  dongkor.  Dongkor-dangkar :  bag  and  bag- 
g^ge, — in  the  sense  of  being  bundled  out  bag 
and  baggage,  as  a  banished  man. 

-  <3.3    dongkgrak.    [Dutch :  dommekracht.]    A  screw- 
jack. 

jy»SsP^    dingkis.     An  edible  salt-water  fish   (uniden- 
tified). 

i5!p^    dangking.     Seedongkang, 


pj  dgngkang.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Loudness  of 
laughter;  the  sound  of  loud  laughter.  Na- 
khoda  tertawa  berdengkang-d^ngkang :  the 
skipper  burst  into  roars  of  laughter;  Sh. 
Peng.,  14. 

jSsi'^    dSngkong.     (Onom  ?)     The  sound  of  a  dis- 
^  tant  barkmg. 


DONaKANG 


[    296    ] 


DOKTOR 


itSsP^    dongkang.      Dongkang-dangking     ( Kedah )  : 
^  skin  and  bone;  projecting,  of  the  bones  under 

the  skin ;  angular,  of  the  bodily  frame  when 
its  angularities  are  due  to  emaciation. 

UiJSsP^    dangkap.     Folding  in  one's  arms,  embracing; 
a  variant  of  dakap,  q.  v. 

^nP3  dangkal.  Lacking  in  juiciness,  dried  up 
internally  (especially  of  a  fruit),  Tanah  d.  : 
barren,  unfruitful, — of  soil. 


j0 


3    d^ngkol.     A  variant  of  dongkol,  q.  v. 

^  dongkol.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Curved  or  turning 
downwards,  of  the  horns  of  a  bullock  or  the 
guard  (ganja)  of  a  keris;  squat  and  deformed; 
rolled  up  on  itself.     In  Kedah  :  dogoL 

DongkoUdonghol :    a   convulsive    disease,    in 
children. 


j^^ 


s^^ 


cA^ 


dengkel  or  dingML  I.  (Riau,  Johor.) 
Shrivelled  up  internally,  of  fruit ;  wanting  in 
pulp ;  with  a  dry  core  or  heart. 

IL     (Kedah.)     Small  boils  or  ulcers  round 
a  swollen  ankle. 


d§ngki.  Aversion ;  spite ;  envious  hatred ;  the 
hostility  of  jealousy.  Tiyada  aku  mengadakan 
segala  perkataan  ini  tileh  sebab  dengki  atau 
hendak  minghinakan  orang :  I  do  not  say  all 
this  out  of  jealous  anger  or  to  bring  others 
into  contempt ;  Ht.  Abd.,  115.  Menaroh  d, : 
to  nurse  a  grudge  against  a  person.  Berasa 
d. :  to  feel  spiteful. 


ddngan.  I.  With,  together  with,  accom- 
panied by,  along  with,  in  conjunction  with, 
in  accordance  with ;  and.  This  word  is  often 
used  where  **  in,"  "on,"  or**  by"  would  be 
used  in  English,  i.  ^.,  when  those  prepositions 
are  expressive  of  manner  rather  than  of 
location.  Bersumpah  dengan  nmna  Nabi  Allah 
Sulaiman:  to  swear  in  the  name  of  the 
Prophet  Solomon;  to  swear  by  Solomon;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  33.  Berdiri  dSngan  suwatu  kaki : 
standing  on  one  leg.  Dengan  surohan  raja: 
in  accordance  with  the  prince's  order;  Ht. 
Abd.,  igg.  Masing-masing  dingan  kehmdak- 
nya:  every  man  as  he  pleased;  Ht.  Abd.,  19. 
Dengan  behasa  Jawa :  in  Javanese. 

n.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Servant,  your  servant, 
— used  as  a  pronoun  of  the  first  person  by 
an  old  man  when  addressing  an  anak  raja, 
and  also  in  the  expressions  hamba  dengan  and 
ult0t  dengan. 


jP3    ddngu,     I.     Unpleasant  in  odour ;  Kl. 

n.  Berdengu  :  to  draw  in  one's  breath ;  to 
hold  one's  breath.  Birdengu  sapirti  harimau 
hendak  m^nSrkam  laku-nya:  drawing  in  his 
breath  like  a  tiger  about  to  spring;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub. 


ni.  Dull,  stupid;  muddle-headed;  Muj.,  8; 
Ht.  Raj.  SuK,  4.  Bodoh  dan  dengti:  slow- 
witted  and  confused  in  ideas;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 
Also  dungti, 

jf\^^    daftar.     Pers.     List,  register,  catalogue. 

^^    dafnah.     Pers.     The  laurel. 

^*m3«^    difisi,        [  Dutch :     divisie,  ]        A     territorial 
division  ;  a  district ;  Simb.  Ch.,  13. 

w—5^    dap.     I.     A  kind  of  tambourine.     Also  edap. 

n.  A  sort  of  sword,  or  long  knife  with  a 
long  blade  and  a  bamboo  hilt.  The  hilt  is 
covered  with  skate  skin. 

13 J  dgpa.  I.  A  measure  of  length;  the  span  of 
a  man's  body  and  out-stretched  arms  measur- 
ing from  fingertips  to  fingertips ;  the  Malay 
fathom ;  Ht.  Abd.,  28,  56.     Cf.  depang, 

(3^^  dipati.  [Skr.  adhi-pati.]  A  title  of  distinction  ; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  50  ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. ;  a  variant 
oi  adipati  ;  see  s.  v.  adi, 

^^    dSpir.     See  dempir, 

^^  dSpang.  To  stretch  out  the  arms  at  right 
angles  to  the  body;  the  cruciform  position; 
to  lay  one  body  across  another  at  right 
angles ;  to  rub  a  file  up  and  down  the  blade 
of  a  keris  at  right  angles  to  it.  Tangan  di- 
depang  kanan  dan  kiri :  his  arms  were  stretched 
out  right  and  left ;  Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  14.  Cf. 
depa, 

1^-^  depan.  In  front  of,  in  the  presence  of, 
before; — a  colloquial  abbreviation  of  di- 
hadapan, 

^•>    dSpun.     The  lining  of  a  garment. 

j^-^    dSpu.     A  very  poisonous  fish  (unidentified). 

\^^  dak.  I.  Bnwat  dak :  to  affect  not  to  be  look- 
ing when  one  is  looking;  affected  indifference. 
Also  bnwat  doL 

n.  (Kedah.)  No; — an  abbreviation  of 
tidak,  q.  v. 

^3"^  dek.  I.  Younger  brother  or  sister, —  a 
colloquial  variant  of  adek,  q.  v. 

n.     (Perak.)     By,  with;  C.  and  S. 

ji    dok.     I.     See  dudoL 
n.     See  dak. 

J^^  doktor.  Eur.  Doctor; — used  of  practi- 
tioners who  work  on  European  lines  only; 
Ht.  Abd.,  67. 


DAKSINA 


[    297    ] 


DfeLAH 


L>wO  daksina.  [Skr.  dakshina.]  The  South;  Cr. 
Hist.  L  A.,  I.,  316.  Dart  daksina  ka-paksina, 
or  dart  daksina  datang  ka-paksina :  from  South 
to  North ;  from  one  end  of  the  world  to  the 
other;  Sh.  Jub.  MaL,  14;  Sej\  MaL,  8 ;  Ht. 
Isk.  Dz.  Maka  kelihatan  dart  sa-belah  daksina 
dtili  berbangkit  ka-udara :  on  the  South,  the 
dust  could  be  seen  rising  in  clouds  to  the 
sky  ;  Ht.  Koris.  This  word  is  only  literary ; 
selatan  is  colloquial. 


dakik.      Arab, 
division. 


Indivisible ;     too    fine     for 


cXi 


LT' 


f:> 


dek.     Eng.     Deck. 

dukkan.  Arab.  A  shop;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  19, 
21 ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  11 ;  Ht.  Sh. 

dekat.  Proximity,  nearness;  near.  Sunggoh 
dekat  pandang  sendiri  ta'-buleh  :  although  close 
enough,  you  can  never  see  it  yourself; — a 
riddle  describing  the  ear.  Dekat  ka-darat  : 
near  the  shore. 

Dekati :  to  approach,  to  go  close  to;  Ht. 
Abd.,  404.  Mendekati:  id.,  Sej.  MaL,  158; 
Ht.  Abd.,  67;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  75. 

Berdekat-dekatan :  close  to  one  another  (of 
several  villages) ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  41. 

Mendekatkan  :  to  bring  close ;  Ht.  Koris. 

dSkut.  Onom.  The  cooing  note  employed 
by  bird-catchers  to  snare  a  species  of  pigeon. 
Ptmai  d, :  the  bird  so  caught.  Buloh  d, :  the 
bamboo  instrument  used  to  create  this  note. 


d^kus.     (Onom.)     The  blowing  of  a  porpoise. 
Pronounced  deko^s. 


/- 


yi->  -i    dSkong.     (Onom.)     The  sound  of  a  gong. 


^3.C 


ddkap.  Mendekap :  to  embrace,  to  enfold  in 
one's  arms;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.     Also  dakap,  q.  v. 

dekak.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  laughter ; 
— a  variant  of  dekah,  q.  v. 

dekam.  The  crouching  of  a  beast  of  prey 
when  gathering  itself  together  for  a  spring. 

ddkan.  The  bamboo-rat ;  rhizomys  siima- 
trensis;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  94, 

dgkunchi.  A  plant,  better  known  as  t^nm 
kunchi ;  Muj.,  47. 

dekah.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  loud 
laughter.  Tertawa  hcrdekah  :  to  laugh  loudly, 
to  roar  with  laughter ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  82. 
Tertawa  berdekah-dekah :  id., — but  of  more 
prolonged  laughter;  Sh.  Ik.  Ter.,  12;  Sh. 
Ul.,  18. 


uj5S 


dSgar.     L     Chakap  berdegar-degar :  tall  talk, 
vain  boasting. 

n.  (Onom.)  The  reverberating  roar  of  a 
thunder-clap  or  cannon  shot.  Bunyi-nya 
berdegar-degar :  its  noise  went  on  reverberat- 
ing; Ht,  Sg.  Samb. 


dfigap.  I.  Berdegap-degap :  to  heave  quickly, 
of  the  breast,  especially  when  under  the 
influence  of  sudden  and  violent  emotion. 

H.     (Onom.)     A  dull   sound   such   as   that 
of  two  books  or  planks  striking  each  other, 

degup.  (Onom.)  A  sound  similar  to  that 
expressed  by  degap,  H,  but  duller. 

d^gak.  Degok-degak :  (Onom.)  a  sound  such 
as  that  of  a  man  gulping  down  water. 

d6gok.     See  degak, 

degil.  Obstinacy;  stiff-necked,  pig-headed, 
unwilling  to  listen  to  good  advice. 

degam.  (Onom.)  A  booming  sound;  a 
heavy  thumping  sound.  Degum-degam :  id., 
frequentative,  as  the  sound  of  heavy  foot- 
falls. 

ddgum.  (Onom.)  A  deep  low  booming 
sound.  Sa-kali  di4etup  tiga  degnm-nya :  one 
shot  gave  three  reports;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  17. 
Cf.  degam. 


dil.     The  noise  made  by  the  explosion  of  gun- 
powder ;  Pijn.     Said  to  be  root  of  bediL 

dfilaki.     (Kedah.)     Male;   a  variant   of  laki- 
laki ;  V.  laki. 


J,3    dull.     See  cij>3 


dulapan  or  d61apan.  Eight;  a  contraction 
of  duwa-lapan,  two  (fmgers)  turned  down. 
Often  contracted  colloquially  to  lapan. 


.jj^    dalal.     Arab.     Agent,  broker,  go-between 


dalalah.      Arab.      A    female    agent   or    go- 
between  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  79,  106. 

dulduL     Arab.     The  name  of  the  horse  of  Ali. 

dglinggam.     [Tamil  ?]      Red-lead,  vermilion ; 
— a  contraction  o(  sedelinggam^  q.  v. 

dfilah.      An   edible    salt-water  fish    (uniden- 
tified) ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  15. 


38 


dalIl 


[  298  ] 


DiMPAK 


Li^  dalll.  Arab.  The  elucidation  of  the  Koran ; 
the  commentaries  on  the  text ;  Sh.  IbL,  9 ; 
Sh.  L  M.  P.,  3.  BirdalU:  to  explain  the 
Koran ;  Sh.  UL,  26. 


^• 


e 


dglima  or  dalima.     [Skr.  ddUma.]    A  generic 
name  for  pomegranate  trees. 

D.  merekah:  a  pomegranate  bursting  with 
maturity  and  showing  its  ruby-like  interior, — 
a  common  metaphor  for  red  lines  (e,  g.  of 
blood)  on  a  light  ground ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  83, 
87,  147. 

D.  yang  agong :  the  great  pomegranate,— 
a  simile  for  the  breast ;  Sh.  Peng.,  2. 

Batu  d, :  the  ruby.     Chinchin  d, :  a  ruby  ring. 

Warna  d. :  ruby-red  in  colour ;  Sh.  Bid.,  86. 

Birkain  d. :  of  ruby-red  cloth ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Nata. 

dam.     I.     (Onom.)     A  sound  such  as  that  of 
a  drum  being  beaten.     Dum-dam  :  id. 

II.  [Dutch:  dam,]  Draughts;  the  game  of 
draughts;  Ht.  Abd.,  355.  Dam-dam:  (Riau, 
Johor)  chequered,  of  a  pattern. 

III.  [Arab,  damm?]  A  penalty,  a  punish- 
nient.  Kena  d. :  to  be  punished — used  espe- 
cially of  Hajis  being  refused  permission  to 
reside  in  Mecca. 

IV.  A  whiff,  when  smoking  Indian  hemp. 

dum.     I.     (Onom.)     Dum-dam:  the  sound  of 
a  drum  being  beaten. 

II.     A  tree  (the  date  tree  ? );  Pel.  Abd.,  150. 


dgmi.     See  ^J> 


damba.  Fondness  for ;  longing  for  or  desire 
for  (in  a  good  sense);  a  wish  to  possess  a  thing 
not  yet  obtained;  laudable  desire  or  ambition. 
Cf.  tama%  to  covet  (in  a  bad  sense). 

domba.     [Pers.  dunbah.]     A  sheep. 

ddmbai.  ( Selangor. )  B^rjalan  bBrdembai- 
dimbai :  to  walk  in  a  loose  slouching  or  care- 
less manner, — used  by  angry  parents  to 
reprove  a  child  for  slovenly  ways. 

d6mit.  Small  child,  young.  Daripada  demit 
sampai  agong:  from  childhood  to  maturity; 
Ht.  Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  43. 

This  word  is  commonly  used  by  a  pawang  or 
other  medicine  man  when  speaking  of  the 
patient  in  his  incantations. 


aJ^J>    damdam.    I.    Spite,  grudge ;  hostile  remem- 
'  brance. 

11.     (Riau,  Johor.)     Chequered — of  a  pat- 
tern.    See  dam. 


e 


f^ 


^"^ 


e 


dSmang.  A  district  headman,  a  chief.  This 
title  is  not  in  common  use  in  the  Peninsula 
but  is  common  in  Muntok,  Palembang,  Ban- 
jermasin  and  Kotaringin.  In  literature  it 
occurs  as  the  title  of  the  ruler  of  Palembang 
before  royalty  was  introduced;  Sej.  Mai.,  37; 
and  it  is  also  common  in  Javanese  tales  in  its 
Javanese  sense  of  a  petty  chieftain  ;  Ht.  Mas 
Ed. ;  Ht.  Sh. ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  35.  In  Malacca  it 
is  used  of  a  chief  penghulu  or  senior  muktm 
headman;  but  its  use  in  this  sense  is  artificial, 
the  word  having  been  imported  by  the  govern- 
ment to  mark  a  distinction  between  senior 
and  inferior  headmen. 

The  word  is  derived  from   the  Indonesian 
ama,  father ;  and  is  connected  with  rama,  q.  v. 


v..^3    dSmap.     Gluttonous,  gluttony. 


dSmpat.     Opposite  to,  over  against;  C.  and  S. 


oJu^    dempet.    Squeezed  tightly  together;  v.  dempek. 


CUtA.3 


jAA^ 


dompat.      Berdompat 
Kl. ;  V.  dompak. 


clustering    together ; 


ii1a3 


Jm3 


dampar.  Stranding;  being  aground,  being 
cast  prostrate  ashore.  Tirdampar :  stranded. 
Terdampar-lah  kapada  suwatu  pulau :  he  was 
cast  ashore  on  an  island;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  Apa 
sebab-nya  terdampar  di-sini :  how  came  you  to 
be  washed  ashore  here;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  22. 
Terdampar  ka-darat :  cast  ashore ;  Ht,  Kal. 
Dam.,  369. 

This  word  is  also  used  of  a  crocodile  lying 
on  a  mud-bank. 

dempir.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Cracked-sounding, 
like  a  broken  gong.     Also  (Kedah)  depir, 

damping.  Juxtaposition;  close  proximity, 
contiguity,  contact.  Damping  hamba  kapada 
raja  Singa  itu :  to  attach  oneself  to  the  King 
of  Beasts,  the  Lion ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  38. 

Patut  sa-kali  di-buwat  dampings 
Di'belakang  tuwanku  jadi  pengiring : 

it  is  right  indeed  that  you  should  attach  him 
to  yourself  and  let  him  follow  in  Your  High- 
ness's  train;  Sh.  Bid.,  21. 

Berdamping :  to  be  close  by,  to  be  next  to 
one;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  8;  to  sing  in  succession, 
to  take  up  the  previously-sung  pantun  and 
reply  to  it, — of  singers  in  rotation. 

dSmpang.  I.  Hollow-sounding,  resonant. 
Chakap  b^rdempang-dempang :  loud  but  empty 
talk,  boasting;  Sh.  Nas.,  11. 

II.  Going  across  to,  touching  at — of  a  ship. 
Sa4Uah  dempang  bahtBra  kapada  pulau :  when 
the  ship  stopped  at  the  island;  Ht.  Hamz., 
81.     Cf.  ampang  and  dampar. 

ddmpak.  Broad  in  proportion  to  its  length  or 
height ;  rather  beamy,  of  a  boat. 


dSmpok 


[  299   ] 


D^NDANG 


,Ji»^    dSmpok.     A  fruit  like  the  mangosteen   (un- 
identified). 


dempok. 

imity. 


cS 


^r- 


4^^ 


Approach,  coming  together ;  prox- 


dompak.     Coming     together    in     a    cluster. 

Berdonipak :  to  be  clustered  together, — of 
houses  in  the  same  kampong  or  within  a 
common  fence. 

dampil.  Contiguity;  touching  one  another. 
BirdanipiUdampil  sa-orang  dengan  sa-orang : 
crowding  together  one  man  against  another  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  383.     Cf.  damping. 

dSmpol.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Tow  for  caulking 
boats. 

dSmikiyan.  In  this  way;  thus.  See  demi 
and  kiyan. 

dSmam.     A  generic  name  for  fevers. 

D.  berselang,  or  d,  berlat:  intermittent  fever. 

D.  gigil :  ague  ;  feverish  shivering  fits. 

Z).  keleiijaran  :  fever  accompanied  by  bubonic 
inflammation.  ' 

D.  kepiyahi :  malarial  fever  generally;  Ht. 
Abd.,  362,  446.  D.  k,  radang  and  d.  k. 
nyaman  :  varieties  of  malaria.  D,  k.  ketulan- 
gan :  rheumatic  fever. 

D.  ktira  :  ordinary  remittent  fever ;  Sh.  Sri 
Ben.,  53. 

D.  rabti  kembang :  fever  accompanying 
lung  disease. 

D.  sesema  :  fever  and  cold  ;  influenza. 

demukut.  (Kedah.)  Broken  pieces  of  husked 
rice.  Laksana  demukut :  like  broken  husked 
rice, — only  useful  to  a  man  in  extremities  of 
hunger ;  Prov,  Also  lemukut ;  (Riau,  Johor) 
mehkut,  (Kotaringin)  kemukut,  etc. 

dSmah.  The  application  of  a  warm  dry  body 
or  poultice  to  a  diseased  part ;  warming  or 
fomenting  medicinally.  Hot  kitchen  stones 
(batu  Umgkti)  and  dry  poultices  of  leaves 
(gandarusa)  or  hot  ashes  are  used  for  these 
fomentations. 

dSmi,  By,  with  ;  on,  one  ;  a  preposition  ex- 
pressive of  immediate  succession  and  almost 
of  coincidence.  Sa-orang  demi  sa-orang  :  one 
by  one.  Demi  berbtmyi  genta  itu  :  on  the  bell 
ringing  ;  when  the  bell  rang  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
10.  Demi  aku  terpandang  bapa-ku  itu  maka 
lari-lah  aku :  when  I  saw  my  father,  I  used 
to  run  away ;  Ht.  Abd.,  44. 
Demi  is  also  used  in  imprecations  with  the 
meaning  **  by."  Demi  dewata  muliya  raya : 
by  the  illustrious  and  great  God ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  27.  DSmi  Allah:  by  God;  by  Allah; 
Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  56. 


Demikiyan  :  so,  thus,  in  this  way.  Di-kata- 
kan-nya  demikiyan  demikiyan  :  he  said  such 
and  such  things.  Sa-demikiyan :  such, 
much.     Sa-demikiyan  baik  rasa-nya  :  so  plea 


so 


sant  to  the  taste.     Also  written 


f> 


.1^ 


danawa.  [Skr,  ddnawaJ]  A  giant ;  a  gigantic 
evil  spirit. 

danta  or  d€nta.  [Skr.  danta,']  Ivory.  Warna 
saperti  danta  yang  sudah  terupam  :  a  complexion 
like  polished  ivory  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ;  Ht.  Mas 
Ed.  Anakan  danta  yang  sudah  terupam:  an 
image  of  polished  ivory;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

Asmara  danta:  [Skr.    sumri-danta ?]  Shining 
white,  of  the  teeth  ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed, 

denting.     A  variant  of  deting  and  luting,  q.  v. 

dentam.  (Onom.)  A  heavy  slamming  sound ; 
the  sound  of  a  tree  falling.  Dentant-dentum  : 
id.,  but  frequentative  and  expressive  of  varia- 
tion in  the  depth  of  sound  of  the  reports. 
Dentuni'dentam,  id. 


dgntum,  (Onom.)  A  deep  booming  sound ; 
the  boom  of  a  cannon.  Berdenium  bedil  yang 
besar,  berderap  bedil  yang  kechil :  the  heavy 
guns  boomed  out,  the  small  arms  rattled 
away;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  16. 

Dentum-dentam,      or     dentam 
dentam. 


dentum :    see 


d6nching.  (Onom.)  The  chinking  of  small 
coin. 

d6nda.  [Skr.  danda.]  A  fine;  punishment 
by  fine.  Kena  d. :  to  incur  a  fine;  Ht.  Abd., 
209.     Di'denda :  fined;  Sej.  Mai.,  91. 


y\  JJ3    d6ndalu.     A  misletoe  ;  v.  dedalu,  and  dalu 


dandang.      (Riau,   Johor.)      A  large  copper 
boiler  or  vessel ;  also  (Kedah)  dangdang. 


dfindang.     I.     The  Malayan  crow;  Ht.   Kal. 
Dam.,   66;   J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  87,  VHI.,  131. 

The  word  is  used  in  many  proverbs  as  a 
variant  of  gagak,  dendang  being  the  commoner 
word  for  crow  in  Kedah.  Bagai  dendang 
gunggong  telor :  like  a  crow  carrying  off  an 
egg;  blacker  or  uglier  by  contrast, — a  pro- 
verbial expression  descriptive  of  an  ugly 
woman  in  fine  clothes.  Dendang  pulang  ka- 
negeri  Keling,  pergi  hitam  balek  hitam :  the 
crow  flew  back  to  India,  black  it  went  and 
black  it  returned;  a  fool  may  travel,  and 
return  as  dull  as  when  he  started ;  Prov. 

II.  Mentimun  dendang,  or  pedendang :  a 
bitter  inedible  gourd. 

Laksana  timun  dendang:  like  this  gourd, — 
fair '  outside  but  bitter  inside ;  apples  of 
Sodom;  Prov. 

III.  The  Spanish  fly;  an  insect  used  as  a 
drug  by  Malays. 


DENDANG 


[    300    ] 


DANISUWARA 


"Ji^    dendang.     The  droning  chorus  of  a   Malay 
"  song.     Menarek  nyanyi  berdendang-dendang  :  to 

lengthen  out  a  song  in  long  droning  chorus  ; 
Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  6.  Orang  berdendang  :  a 
singer;  a  man  singing  from  lightness  of 
spirits;  (by  extension)  a  man  who  feels  happy. 

"J^^    dendeng.     I.     Jerked  meat;   strips  of  meat 
"  dried  in  the  sun. 

IL  Dendengkan :  (Riau)  to  hold  up  a  piece 
of  paper  to  the  light  in  order  to  examine  its 
texture.     Cf.  dinding. 


b 


X^  dinding.  A  screen,  an  inner  wall  or  partition 
in  a  house;  to  screen.  Dinding-nya  kajang : 
its  inner  walls  were  of  kajang  matting  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  224.  Dinding  ada,  bumbong  tidak : 
with  walls  but  no  roof;  (by  metaphor)  coated, 
but  hatless. 

Dindingan  :  serving  as  a  screen  or  partition. 
Papan  d. :  the  partition  planks ;  Sh.  Bur. 
Pungg.,  8.  Kain  d, :  a  screen  used  at  the 
bathing  ceremony  in  a  Malay  wedding;  Sh. 
Sri  Ben.,  50. 

Dindingkan:  to  screen  off;  Ht.  Abd.,  350. 
Mendindingkan :  id.;  also,  to  shelter,  to 
protect.  Mendindingkan  diya  daripada  kena 
mata :  to  protect  him  from  the  evil  eye ; 
Muj.,  32. 

Pendinding :  a  screen  or  protection ;  pro- 
tective. Do*  a  p.:  prayers  or  invocations 
protective  against  evil  spirits  and  sorcerers ; 
J.  L  A.,  I.,  309. 

'JJ3    dondang.     (Onom.)      A  lullaby,  a  song  to  a 
-  child ;     the   crooning   of  such    a   song ;    the 

lullaby  to  send  the  Princess  to  sleep,  in  a 
mayong,  q.  v.;  (by  extension)  the  swinging 
cradle  in  which  a  child  is  rocked  and  lulled  to 
sleep.  Tali  d, :  the  ropes  of  this  swinging 
cradle  ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  60.  Kain  d. :  the  cloth 
laid  in  the  swing  of  this  cradle.  Kain  don- 
dangan  :  id. ;    Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  52. 

JJ^  dSndam.  Longing,  pining  for;  the  longing 
of  appetite,  love  or  hatred ;  lust,  malice. 
Perkataan  manis  hati-nya  dendam  :  soft  words, 
and  a  malicious  heart ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  17.  Rindu 
d. :  pining.  Sangat4ah  rindu  dendam  rasa-nya 
kakanda  akan  negeri  dan  ayah  bonda  kakanda  : 
I  feel  a  most  intense  longing  (to  revisit)  my 
country  and  my  parents;  Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  42. 
Menaroh  d. :  to  harbour  a  grudge ;  Ht.  Abd., 
176.     D.  berahi :  the  longings  of  love. 

Dendamkan  :  to  long  for. 

Berdendam  :  to  harbour  feelings  of  hostility ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  253. 

;Jj3  dandan.  L  The  projecting  balconies  or  plat- 
forms in  some  types  of  native  vessels.  D. 
hahiwan :  the  prow  platform  ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben., 
II. 

n.     Also  dendan,  q.  v. 


f 


0-^-^ 


iJu^ 


^JJ^ 


■^:i 


\.JJ> 


J!A,u>.oJ^ 


ddndan.  Setting  in  order,  arranging ;  putting 
right,- — used  especially  of  plaiting  and  arrang- 
ing the  hair.  Rambut-nya  ikal  bagai  di-dendan : 
her  hair  was  wavy  as  though  it  had  been 
dressed  ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk. 

Berdendan :  to  plait  the  hair;  Sh.  Lamp., 
36  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

Btidak-biidak  pandai   berdendan, 

Dendan  rambiit  lipan   melata ; 
Kalati  pandai  diri-nya   simpan 
Jalan  yang  chela   orang   ta'-kata : 
the  children  are  clever  at  plaiting,  at  dressing 
the  hair  in  the  '* creeping  centipede"  plait. 
Sa-dendan  :  in  this  way,  in  this  fashion  ;  Ht, 
Koris. ;  =  sa4aku,      Tiyada  berdendan  :    in  no 
arrangement,  in   confusion;    Ht.    Gul.   Bak,, 
30 ;  =:  tiyada  berketahnwan, 

Aimxn  d. :  plait  ornament,  in  art. 

dondon.  Colour  or  pattern  of  clothing.  Sa- 
dondon  :  of  one  pattern,  identical  in  pattern, — 
of  the  baju  and  sarong,  or  coat  and  trowsers. 

dandi.  L  Small  Tamil  cymbals  ;  a  musical 
instrument  often  mentioned  in  literature 
(though  there  spoken  of  as  a  string  instru- 
ment);  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  6;  Ht.  Sri  Rama;  Ht. 
Koris  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb., 
II. 

n.  Speckled,  spotted.  Harimau  d. :  a 
small  speckled  leopard.  Rnsa  d,  :  a  speckled 
deer.  Selaseh  d. :  a  species  of  selaseh  (sweet- 
basil), 

d§nak.  Short-legged,  stumpy.  Ayam  d,  :  a 
jungle  fowl.  The  word  denak  is  also  used  of 
decoys  or  tamed  birds  used  for  attracting  and 
catching  wild  ones  of  the  same  species. 

Kerbau  d, :  a  buffalo  used  for  driving  or 
leading  other  buffaloes  into  the  pen. 

dinihari.  The  dawn,  the  very  early  morning, 
daybreak;  Cr.  Gr.,  63.     See  diita,  II. 

dSnai.  A  wild-beast  track ;  a  beaten  track 
through  the  jungle.  Saperti  anjing  melintang 
denai :  like  a  dog  crossing  the  track  of  a  wild 
beast;  much  excited;  Prov.  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XXIV.,  92.  Bagai  denai  gajah  lain :  like  a 
track  made  by  the  passage  of  an  elephant ; 
like  the  trace  of  a  bull's  passage  through  a 
china-shop;  Prov. 

dunya.  Arab.  The  world  ;  the  earth  in  con- 
tradistinction to  heaven.  Dunya  ini  pasar 
akhirat :  the  world  is  the  mart  where  eternity 
is  bought  and  sold;  Ht.  Suit.  Ibr.,  6.  Hilang 
luput'lah  ke-elokan  dunya :  the  beauty  of  the 
world  has  left  me  and  slipped  from  my  gaze  ; 
Ht.  Gul,  Bak.,  5.  Peridaran  d. :  the  chances 
and  changes  of  mortal  life ;  Ht.  Abd.,  179. 

danisuwara.  [Skr.  dhaneswara  :  lord  of  the 
kingdom.]     A  name  given  to  the  God  Kuwera. 


D^NNYUT 


[    301    ] 


DUDOK 


J>  dgnnyut.  (Riau,  Johor.)  The  throbbing  of 
a  boil,  of  the  pulse,  or  of  the  fontanel ;  throb- 
bing, generally;  (Kedah)  rennyut. 


j'^  duwa.  Two  ;  the  number  two.  D.  betas  : 
twelve.  D.  puloh  :  twenty.  Tengah  d, :  one 
and  a  half.  Sa-hari  d. :  a  day  or  two.  D. 
lekor  :  twenty-two.  D.  lakitsteri:  the  married 
pair;  both  husband  and  wife;    Ht.  Abd.,  287. 

Diiwa-diiwa :  twos,  pairs,  couples,  in  pairs. 
Di-keluwarkan-nya  duwa-duwa  budak  ttic,  di- 
adu-nya  :  he  brought  the  boys  out  in  pairs  and 
made  them  fight ;  Ht.  Abd.,  80. 

Kediiwa :  both,  in  a  pair,  the  two  of  them, 
Kedtiwa  laki  isteri :  the  married  pair;  =  duwa 
laki  isteri.  K,  belah  tangan :  both  hands. 
Keduwa-nya pun  tertawa' :  both  laughed;  Ht. 
Abd.,  45.  Yang  keduwa  :  the  second.  Yang 
keduwa  kali  :  the  second  occasion,  the  second 
time  of  doing  anything. 

Menduwa :  in  two,  repeated.  Jangan  men- 
dnwa  kali :  do  not  let  it  occur  twice ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  451. 

Mendtiwakan :  to  make  two  of  anything,  to 
represent  as  two,  M.  laki :  to  commit  bigamy 
(of  a  woman) ;  to  take  a  second  husband  when 
married  already ;  Sh.  May.,  20.  M.  Allah:  to 
represent  Allah  as  more  than  One;  to  be- 
come or  be  a  worshipper  of  many  Gods  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  16;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.;  Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  10. 

Pendiiwa  :  a  fellow  or  match ;  Cr.  Gr.,  39.  P. 
apit  lempang :  the  plank  next  above  the  apit 
lempang  in  the  construction  of  a  Mala}/  boat. 


jL^    dewata. 


See  ^\^.^ 


ju3  dawar.  Arab.  Round,  circular,  a  whirlpool ; 
the  name  of  the  Temple  at  Mecca. 

^U3  dewasa.  See  u-V--^  • 

A^^  dawam.  Arab.     Eternity. 

o\j-^  dewana.  See  oV--^  • 

j\j3  dewani.  See  J^y^  . 

(^j-^  dobi.  [  Hind,  dhobi,  ]  A  washerman,  a 
'*dhoby;"  Ht,  Abd.,  169,  310,  322,  323. 
Also  (in  literature)  juni  bomba  kain, 

Oa^    duta.     [Skr.  diita,]     A  messenger,  an  envoy. 

Oa*>  duwit.  [Dutch  ;  duit,  ]  A  cent,  a  doit ; 
money  in  general.  Formerly  a  dtiwit  was 
yIo  ^f  ^  guilder ;  now  it  is  a  name  given  (in 
Penang)  to  a  cent  of  the  British  dollar,  (in 
Singapore)  to  J  cent.  Duwit  sen  :  small  cur- 
rency, fractional  to  the  dollar;  J.  I.  A.,  I.,  82. 
In  Singapore  sen  is  used  for  a  cent,  and  dtiwit 
is  often  used  in  the  sense  of  money  generally. 
Tiyada  memberi  kita  duwit :  he  gave  us  no 
money.  Banyak4ah  yang  herduwit :  many 
had  money;  Ht.  Abd.,  354. 


Sa-duwit  di'belah  tujoh :  to  divide  yj^  of  a 
rupee  into  seven  amounts  ;  an  impossible  task ; 
Prov. 

Asa  weight,  2|  dtnmt  go  to  the  saga, 

TT^'^    doja.     (Penang.)     A  mosque  servant;    better 
^  noja,  q,  V. 

Jj>j^  dodot.  I.  Jav.  A  bodice  worn  by  dancing- 
girls. 

n.  Mendodot:  (Riau,  Johor)  to  smoke 
opium  in  whiffs ;  to  suck  at  the  pipe. 

jJ>aJ  dudor.  A  plant  (unidentified).  Its  leaves  are 
used  by  Chinese  for  feeding  pigs.  This  tree 
is  often  mentioned  in  pantuns. 

Pokok   dudor  dalam   rimba ; 

Pokok   sen  a   turun  pongsu; 
Tuwan   tidov   berbantal   riba, 

Lena   mmgulii   di-atas  pangku: 

the  dtidor'tree  is  found  in  the  jungle,  the 
senna  on  descending  the  hillock;  sleep,  mj^ 
lord,  with  my  lap  for  a  pillow,  lulled  to 
sound  slumber  as  you  lie  on  my  breast. 

^^J^A^  dodos  or  dudus.  Mendudus :  to  increase 
the  size  of  a  hole  by  cutting  away  the  sides, 
V.  d.  W. ;  (Riau,  Johor)  to  smooth  the  planks 
in  boat-making. 

^J>a3    dudok.     Sitting,   to  sit ;   to  live,  to  continue 

or  keep  doing  something;  situation,  position. 
Masing-masing  menyembah  dan  dudok  mengadap 
diya  :  every  one  saluted  and  sat  facing  him ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  406.  Beluni  dudok  belunjor  dahulu  : 
to  stretch  oneself  before  sitting  down;  to 
become  familiar  before  one  has  become  a 
friend  ;  to  take  liberties ;  Prov.  Beliim  pernah 
di'dengar  raksasa  dudok  bersama'Sama  mami- 
siya  :  it  has  been  hitherto  unheard  of  that  an 
ogre  should  live  together  with  a  man ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  34.  Ada-pun  tanah  itu  dudok-nya 
di-hadapan  dengan  rumah  tempat  bevhala  china : 
the  land  was  situated  opposite  the  Chinese 
joss-house ;  Ht.  Abd.,  350. 

Dudokkan  :  to  seat.  Di-dudokkan  tileh  tuwan 
Raffles  akandiya  di -tengah :  Mr.  Raffles  made 
him  sit  in  the  middle;  Ht.  Abd.,  223.  This 
word  is  especially  used  in  romances  of  the 
bridegroom  being  conducted  to  a  seat  by  the 
side  of  the  bride;  Sej,  Mai.,  37;  Cr.  Gr.,  32. 
Mcndudokkan :  id.,  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

Kedudokan :  seat,  sitting,  situation,  place  or 
condition  of  sitting;  station,  position,  life. 
Tempat  kedudokan  Temenggong :  the  Temeng- 
gong's  residence;  Ht.  Abd.,  254.  Kedudokan' 
kit  itu  menjadi  serba  salah :  my  position  was 
very  confusing;  my  situation  gave  rise  to 
misunderstanding;  Ht.  Abd.,  43. 

Ter dudok :  seated  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  364.  Lain 
jatoh  ter  dudok  kaluwar4ah  api  daripada  tuboh- 
nya:  he  fell  into  a  sitting  posture  and  fire 
darted  out  of  his  body;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb, 

Colloquially,  the  abbreviation  form  'dok  is 
often  used. 


DODOL 


[    302    3 


DUNGUN 


>j 


O^X 


i^J>^ 


JT 


jy 


b^ 


^jr 


dodol.  Kuweh  dodol :  a  sweetmeat  made  of 
rice-flour  molasses  and  fruit  such  as  coco-nut 
or  duriyan, 

dudtin.  (Kedah.)  Berdtidun-dudun :  pressing 
on,  hurrying  on — of  a  crowd.  Cf.  dadti  and 
dtiytm, 

dudu.  Following  up,  following  on  the  heels 
of,  going  straight  after.  Used  of  a  fish 
following  another,  and  sometimes  of  a  solitary 
fish  keeping  steadily  on  one  course. 

datir.  Arab.  Cycle ;  cyclus  ;  period  of  time. 
Datw  kechil :  the  cycle  known  to  the  Javanese 
as  windii.     D.  besar :  a  cycle  of  120  years. 

dura.  Anxiety,  restlessness,  mental  dis- 
quietude or  trouble.  Berhati  d. :  disquieted ; 
Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  17.  The  word  also 
occurs:  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  19,34;  Sh.  Peng., 
26 ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.,  etc- 

dorong.  Throwing  or  jerking  oneself  forward 
without  power  of  recovery;  stumbling  for- 
ward and  losing  control  over  oneself;  the 
occurrence  of  anything  beyond  recall. 

Terdorong  :  fallen  forward.  Khabar  t,  :  the 
revelation  of  a  secret ;  news  has  fallen  out  or 
** leaked  out'*;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  14.  Kehendak 
Allah  sudah  terdorong \  the  will  of  God  has 
come  out ;  God  has  cast  down  his  irrevocable 
decree;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  17.  Kaseh  sudah 
terdorong:  giving  way  to  love;  Sh.  Bur. 
Pungg.,  I.  Terdorong  kaki  badan  mlrasa, 
tirdorong  lidah  mas  pada-nya :  for  a  slip  of  the 
foot  the  body  must  suffer ;  for  a  slip  of  the 
tongue,  money  payment  must  be  made ; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  42. 

Kuwat  gajah   terdorong  chepat, 
Harimau  melompat-lompat : 

strong  is  the  elephant  but  he  stumbles, 
quick  is  the  tiger  but  he  has  sometimes  to 
leap ;  if  the  mighty  have  to  make  mistakes 
good,  how  can  the  weak  avoid  blunders 
altogether;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  42. 

dtlri.  A  thorn,  especially  a  thorn  sticking  out 
at  right  angles  to  the  branch  on  which  it 
grows, — in  contradistinction  to  a  barbed 
thorn  (onak)  ;  cf.  also  sonak. 
D.  pandan  :  the  thorns  of  the  pandanus^  a 
descriptive  name  given  to  the  peculiar 
projections  on  a  crocodile's  tail,  D.  landak  : 
the  quill  of  a  porcupine.  Jari-nya  saperti 
duri  landak :  with  fingers  like  porcupine 
quills, — a  Malay  simile  for  beautiful  fingers  ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Mati  terkapan  onak  dan  duri : 
dead  enshrouded  in  thorns  of  all  kinds, — the 
fate  of  one  lost  in  the  jungle;  Ht,  Gul.  Bak., 
30.  Minum  ayer  sa-rasa  duri :  to  drink  water 
which  tastes  like  thorns ;  to  be  thirsty  and 
go  unsatisfied;  Prov.  Mulut  kita  di-stiwap 
pisang,  buntut  kita  di-jangkit  duri:  to  thrust 
bananas  into  our  mouths  and  thorns  into  our 
backs;  to  do  us  a  bad  turn  under  cover  of  a 
good  one;  Prov.  Ada-kah  duri  di-pertajam  : 
does  one  sharpen  thorns, — does  one  paint  the 
lily  ?    Prov. 


Ikan  d* :  a  generic  name  given  to  fish  with 
venomous  dorsal  fin-spikes ;  Pel.  Abd.,  142. 

Duriyan:    the    **  thorny    fruit,"    the    name 
given  to  the  well-known  fruit,  the  "durian," 

U^J^   duriyas.    A  flowered  cloth,  v.  ^^j^y  . 


lT^ 


Cr^y 


Cr-i 


^3^ 


C^3^ 


dosa.  [Skr.  dosa.]  Sin;  offence  against 
divine  law,  religion,  or  morality,  but  not 
necessarily  human  law.  Barang  di-ampuni 
Allah  kira-nya  akan  segala  dosa-nya :  may 
God  forgive  all  her  sins  !  Ht.  Abd.,  15. 

Lebat  hujan  dart  hulu, 

Anak  rusa   mandi  tengadah ; 

Jangan  tuwan  bersumpah  dahulu, 
Ingat  dosa   kapada  Allah: 

do  not  be  too  quick  about  taking  that  oath, 
think  of  the  offence  you  are  committing 
against  God. 

dosen  or  dusin.  Eng.  Dozen.  Also  (Riau) 
losen,  lo^^sen.  This  word  is  especially  used  of 
a  dozen  strokes  with  the  rattan. 


3  dusun.  A  village,  a  hamlet,  an  orchard.  D, 
nianggis :  a  grove  of  mangosteen  trees ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  413.  Kepala  d, :  a  village  headman. 
Siiwatu  inukim  ya-itu  suwatu  kampong  yang 
bernama  dusun  chukup  orang-nya  empat  puloh 
orang :  a  parish,  that  is  to  say,  a  collection  of 
houses  known  as  a  ''dusun''  and  containing 
at  least  40  residents ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

Pendusun :  a  name  given  to  an  aboriginal 
tribe  mentioned  along  with  the  Sentang  and 
Pangan  in  the  Ht.  Koris. 


dusi.     (Riau,  Johor.)     Mendusi :    to   be  eter- 
nally crying,  of  very  young  children. 

dongeng.     I.    Jav.    A  narrative  or  tale  which 
is  chanted  by  the  reciter. 

II.  Mendongeng:  to  worry,  to  importune, — 
of  children  worrying  their  parents  till  they  get 
what  they  want. 

dongak.      Mendongak:     to    look    with    head 

raised  and  pushed  forward.  The  word  is  also 
used  of  the  appearance  of  a  man's  head  when 
he  is  up  to  his  neck  in  water  and  raises  his 
chin  to  keep  his  mouth  as  high  as  possible,  or 
of  the  peculiar  attitude  of  a  buffalo  when  it 
seems  to  be  sniffing  after  an  enemy.  Cf, 
chongak. 

dongok.     Disproportionately  broad;  uncouth; 

ugly  proportions.  The  word  is  especially 
applied  to  the  figure  of  a  man  on  whom  no 
clothes  look  well. 


tfSsPji   dewangga.    See  ^^i^ 


dungun.     A  tree  growing  near  the  sea. 


DUNGU 


[    303    ] 


DULAPAN 


Jb^ 


u5^j> 


dungu.  Dull,  stupid, 
Kal.  Dam,,  24,  277; 
q.  V. 


jSjj 


muddle-headed ;    Ht. 
-a   variant   of   dengu. 


dupa.  [Skr,  dhupa,]  Frank  incense ;  fra- 
grance obtained  by  burning.  Pasangkan  dupa  : 
to  burn  incense ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.     MSmbakar  d- :  id.,  Ht.  Mar.  Mahaw. 

duka.  [Skr.  duhkha,]  Grief,  sorrow,  mental 
anguish.  Hati yang  duka:  a  sorrowing  heart; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  Suka  dan  duka  :  pleasure  and 
pain  ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  gg.  Menanggong  duka : 
to  suffer  sorrow;  Ht.  Sh.  Hilang  duka  datang 
kesukaan  :  sorrow  vanished,  pleasure  returned  ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Duka-chita  :  sorrowful  feelings,  sorrow,  grief* 
Cr.  Gr.,  64.  Bertukar-lah  duka-chtta-nya  itu 
dengan  suka-chita :  sorrow  was  changed  into 
joy;  Ht.    Abd.,  222. 

Kedukaan:  sorrow;  Sej.  Mai.,  136;  Sh.  Ibl.,  6. 
do'kat.     Eng.     Dogcart. 
dukat.     [Dutch  :  dukaat,]     A  ducat. 
dukis.     A   flower  (unidentified) ;    Ht.  Hamz., 

65. 

dukong.  The  act  of  carrying  a  heavy  living 
body, — especially  to  carry  pick-a-back. 
Sigera  di-sambut  uleh  baginda  di-duhong-nya 
dan  di-chtyum-nya  saluroh  tuboh  anakanda  itu : 
the  prince  promptly  took  up  his  child  and 
bore  her  off,  covering  her  with  kisses;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.  Kulai'balai  bagai  sendok  di-dukong : 
swinging  about  carelessly  like  a  spoon  borne 
swung  over  the  back, — a  proverbial  expression 
of  ridicule  applied  to  the  swagger  of  fast 
Malays;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  151. 

Gigi  berdukong  :  two  teeth,  one  behind  the 
other, 

Dukongan  or  kain  dukongan :  anything  used 
for  supporting  a  child  or  other  burden  borne 
on  the  back  ;  Ht.  Koris.  The  simple  dukong 
also  occurs  in  this  sense;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  60  ; 
Ht.  Sri  Rama. 

Mendukong :  to  bear  on  the  back;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. ;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  8.  M.  biyawak  hidop  : 
to  carry  off  a  live  monitor-lizard ;  to  cherish 
a  foul  beast  by  mistake  for  one's  child ;  Prov. 

dokok.     (Riau,   Johor.)      Kuweh  dokok-dokok, 

or  (Kedah)  kuweh  dokok  iuli :  a  cake  of  rice- 
flour,  coco-nut  raspings,  sugar  and  banana 
wrapped  up  in  banana  leaves  and  boiled. 


rS ^^    dukan.     Better    dukkdn.     See  jOJ^  . 

^^^  dukxm.  A  native  doctor;  (sometimes)  female 
doctor  in  contradistinction  to  a  male  (bomor). 
In  Kedah,  the  word  dukun  is  not  known, 
bomor  being  always  used. 


/^J> 


^J> 


u3a« 


'S' 


duku.  A  well-known  fruit,  lansmm  domesti- 
cum;  Ht.  Abd.,  240,  413;  J.  I.  A.,  T,  259 ; 
Ht.  Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  27. 

Kera  d. :  (Kedah)  the  Malayan  ''  sloth  " ;  the 
slow  loris,  7tycticebus  fardigradus ;  =  (  Riau, 
Johor)  kongkang, 

dokoh.  A  golden  breast  ornament  worn  by 
persons  of  either  sex  at  great  ceremonies 
especially  at  weddings.  This  ornament  is 
usually  in  the  form  of  a  crescent,  d.  sa-hari- 
bulan,  or  two  crescents  of  different  sij^e,  d, 
lawi-lawi.  The  word  occurs ;  Sh.  Peng.,  15, 
17  ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  71  ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  12 ;  Sh. 
Bid.,  9,  and  Ht.  Sh,  Kub. 

doga  or  duga.  Probing,  fathoming,  testing 
the  depth  of  anything.  Di-doga-nya  lobang 
luka  itu:  he  probed  the  wound;  Ht.  Abd.,  407. 
Layar  di-pasang,  laut  di-doga  :  the  sails  were 
set,  the  sea  was  sounded ;  Sh.  Nas.,  10.  Laut 
yang  dalam  dapat  di-doga,  hati  orang  siapa 
tahu  :  a  deep  sea  may  be  fathomed,  but  who 
can  find  out  a  man's  thoughts;  Prov.,  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  280. 

Batu  pendoga:  the  weight  at  the  end  of  a 
sounding-line ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  65. 

dogang.  Support  by  means  of  a  rope.  This 
word  is  applied  to  the  use  of  a  rope  in  tree- 
felling,  and  also  to  the  practice  of  Malays 
who,  when  they  find  the  wind  dangerously 
fresh,  attach  ropes  to  the  mast  and,  by  hang- 
ing on  to  the  end  of  these  ropes  and  standing 
on  the  gunwale,  are  enabled  to  lean  far  out 
to  windward  over  the  water  and  to  prevent 
the  boat  capsizing.  Tali  d, :  the  name  given 
to  a  rope  used  for  these  purposes. 


dogeng.     (Kedah.) 
dogel  and  togel,  q.  v. 


Tail-less,   of   a   fowl; 


dugal.  Nausea ;  the  feeling  of  a  bad  sailor 
when  the  sea  begins  to  get  rough,  but  before 
he  is  actually  sea-sick. 

dogel.  Tail-less,  of  a  fowl ;  Ht.  Raj.  Don., 
61.     See  J^'  . 

dogol.  Flat-headed ;  hornless,  of  cattle, 
comb-less,  of  a  cock;  (Selangor)  the  bump 
at  the  back  of  the  human  head. 

^Ibdrat  laksana  Umbu  dogol ^ 
Ta'-buleh  di4andok  choma  di-sondol : 

like  a  hornless  ox  who  cannot  butt  and  lowers 
his  head  for  nothing ;  all  bark  and  no  bite ; 
Prov.  Lembu  dogol  jangan  di-bahm :  don't 
whip  a  hornless  ox, — he  still  has  power  to 
knock  you  down ;  do  not  presume  upon 
apparent  weakness ;  Prov. 

Lj    dola.     [Skr.rfd/a.]    A  *'dhooIy,"  a  sort  of  litter 
or  stretcher. 

^^a.3    dulapan.   Eight ;  the  number  eight ;  see  0^3  . 


DAULAT 


[    304    ] 


DOYAN 


cJj^ 


ci» 


A- 


daulat  or  dolat.  [Arab.  4ij^  .]  Majesty; 
the  peculiar  sanctity  which  invests  the  office 
of  a  king  and  carries  with  it  responsibiHties 
as  well  as  privileges  ;  the  mysterious  kingly 
power  which  is  believed  by  Malays  not  to  die 
with  a  king  but  to  endure  for  the  protection 
of  a  noble  successor  or  for  the  punishment 
of  an  unworthy  one.  Daulat  ttman-ku  :  Your 
Majesty !- — a  phrase  used  in  opening  an 
address  to  a  ruling  sovereign  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  114  ; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  356 ;  Ht,  Pg.  Ptg ;  and  also 
as  an  expression  of  homage  at  a  coronation, 
the  expression  being  used  by  the  whole 
assembly  immediately  after  the  actual  investi- 
ture. Daulat  tuwan-kti^  bertanibah-tambah  kira- 
ny  a  daulat  Shah  *  Alain  :  Hail,  Your  Majesty! 
May  Your  Majesty's  glory  go  on  increasing ! 

Di-timpa  daulat :  struck  down  or  afflicted 
by  the  mysterious  power  of  departed  Majesty ; 
Pel.  Abd.,  23.  Daulat  in  this  sense  is  cpn- 
fused  by  Malays  wath  tatdah  or  tidahf  q.  v. 

dulang.  A  large  low-rimmed  platter  or  tray, 
a  stand  for  plates  and  dishes,  a  pan ;  Sej. 
Mai.,  159  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Penganan  sa-du- 
lang  :  a  tray  of  cakes ;  Ht.  Abd.,  30. 

Bukan  dulang   sa-barang   dulang, 
Dtdang  di-beli   dart  Jaw  a ; 

Bukan   orang  sa-barang  orang, 
Orang   di-beli   dengan   nyawa : 

this  tray  is  no  common  tray,  it  is  a  tray  that 
has  been  bought  in  Java ;  this  person  is  no 
common  person,  but  a  person  worth  possessing 
at  the  cost  of  one's  life  ;  Ht.  Jaya  Lengg. 

Lain   dtdang ,    lain   kaki ; 
Lain   orang,    lain   hati : 

different  trays  have  different  stands,  different 
people  different  hearts ;  Prov. ;  C.  and  S. 
Mengata  ka-dulang  paku  serepeh :  the  chipped 
nail  abuses  the  tray, — an  equivalent  for  the 
rhyme  :  mengata  ka-orang  sendiri  yang  lebeh  : 
to  reproach  others,  and  be  more  so  yourself ; 
the  pot  called  the  kettle  black  ;  Prov. 

D.  alas :  a  wooden  platter  resembling  the 
plates  on  which  bread  is  handed  round  in 
European  countries. 

Pendtdang  mas  :  a  large  wooden  platter  used 
by  miners  in  washing  for  gold. 

dolak.  Dolak'dalek :  uncertain,  untrust- 
worthy, wavering,  shilly-shallying. 


daulat.    See 


c-i%:> 


dolah.  A  colloquial  or  familiar  abbreviation 
of  t:he  well-known  name  'AbduHlah. 

dull.  [Skr.  dhuli.]  Dust ;  the  dust  beneath 
the  sole  of  a  Prince's  foot ;  (by  extension  of 
meaning)  the  Prince,  the  Sovereign,  Your 
Majesty.  The  last  meaning  is  due  to  the  fact 
that  the  position  of  a  subject  is  likened  to  the 
dust  below  a  Prince's  feet  and  that  the  subject 


must  therefore  address  his  words  and  lay  his 
petitions  before  that  dust.  L^bu  duli  pun 
berbangkit  ka-udara:  the  dust  rose  to  the  skies; 
Sej.  Mai.,  17;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
H anchor  luloh  segala  tidang-nya  menjadi  didi : 
all  his  bones  were  crushed  to  powder ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb. 

Duli  yang  di-pertuwan :  Your  Majesty.  Ka- 
bawah  dtUi  .*  id.  D.  paduka,  d.  telapakan^ 
d.  baginday  and  dtdi  tuwanku  :  id.  The  word 
duli  is  used  with  the  meaning  **  feet  "  in  the 
expression  mata  duli,  the  ankle,  occurring 
in  the  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  and  again  in  the  Ht. 
Koris. 

Berduli :  to  create  a  dust ;  (by  extension)  to 
move,  used  of  the  movements  of  the  stars ;  Sh. 
Bur.  Pung.,  17. 

In  Kedah  the  word  is  pronounced  deli. 
^^^    domok.     (Kedah.)      Short  and  stout. 


\aaJ>    domol.     (Kedah.)     The  snout  of  a  pig; 
like;   =  (Riau,  Johor)  munchong. 


snout- 


rjuka^  doman.  I.  [Jav.  rfom,  a  needle;  cL  jarum,] 
Pedoman,  or  pendoman :  the  mariner's  com- 
pass. 

II.  Hantu  daman:  (Kedah)  an  evil  spirit 
described  as  having  the  face  of  a  horse  and 
the  body  of  a  man ;  a  survival  of  the 
Hanuman  legend. 

4^3^  domah.  Pendomah:  (Kedah)  a  present; 
(Riau,  Johor)  penomah, 

45a3  duwai.  A  brother-in-law  or  sister-in-law. 
Usually  ipar  duwai, 

4Jj.>  donah.  Burong  donah :  (Kedah)  a  bird 
resembling  the  sepah  ptiteri;  (unidentified). 
According  to  Kl.    and  Pijn.,  a  decoy-bird;  = 

denak. 


VJj^    doniya.       [Port,  donha,]     A  Portuguese  lady. 
Kata  permaisuri  kapada  segala  para  puteri  dan 
doniya    sakaliyan :    the 
and    ladies 


prmcesses 

doniya     sakaliyan    *pun 

ladies  smiled ;   ibid. 


Queen  said  to  all  the 
Ht.    Koris.      Maka 
tersennyum :     all   the 


b>' 


Oi^^ 


duyong.  I.  Thedugong;  halicore  dugong, 
Minyak  ayer  mata  duyong :  the  ^' tears  of  the 
dugong,"  a  much  prized  love-charm  among. 
Malays,  said  to  be  obtained  from  the  female 
dugong  weeping  for  her  young  when  she  is 
caught.     Minyak  tangis  duyong :  id. ;  Sh.  Panj. 

II.  Menduyong,  or  mendoyong :  to  totter, 
when  about  to  fall,  of  a  tree  ;  to  hover,  of  a 
bird  about  to  perch. 

doyan.  (Vulg.)  Liking,  caring.  Aku  ta'- 
doyan :  I  don't  want  him  ;  I  have  no  inclina- 
tion that  way. 


DUYUN 


[    305    ] 


DIRI 


Ot^^  duyun.  Pressing  forward,  crowding  forward. 
Berduymi-duyun  :  id., — of  many  persons,  of  a 
multitude;  Pel.  x\bd.,  76;  Sh.  Raj.  Haji; 
Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  14;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  52;  Ht. 
Si  Misk.,  14,  etc, 

to.3    dah.     An  abbreviation   of  siidah,  q.  v.;   done, 
finished. 

to3    doh.     An  interjection  used  to  call  a  dog  to 
one's  side. 


c.5Uj>    dghaga.      Thirst.       Terlalu 
thirsty;     Ht.    Jay.    Lengg. 
hunger   and  thirst ;    Cr.   Gr. 
Bak.,  28.     Menghaptis  dehaga 
thirst.      Bertambah  dehaga :   one's   thirst   in- 
creases;   Ht.    Sh.    Kub.      Often   pronounced 
dah'ga. 


dehaga :      very 

Lapar    dehaga : 

.   80;    Ht.   Gul. 

to  satisfy  one's 


4jjb3 


Jb3 


Ed.     See  also 


^'- 


M 


dahulu  or  dShulu,  Before.  Zamdn  dahulu 
kala:  the  Past,  the  Ages  of  Antiquity;  Ht. 
Abd.,  378.  'Adat  dahidti  kala:  ancient  cus- 
toms; Ht.  Abd.,  35. 

Dahultiwi :  to  anticipate, — especially  of  a 
warrior  being  too  quick  for  another ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb. 

Berdahidihdahiduwan  :  pressing  on,  one  before 
the  other;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;  Sej.  Mai.,  120. 

Cf.  hulu. 


^J>    di.     An  interjection   used   for  calling  ducks; 
C.  and  S.     Usually  didi  and  riri. 


iS^ 


diya.     He,  him,  she,  it,  they ;    the  third  per- 
sonal pronouns  when  following  a  word  ending 

in  J  .  Akan-diya:  him,  to  him  ;=akan  iya. 
This  form  is  also  used  when  the  pronoun  is 
emphatic. 


Mft^    dShagi.      I.      Extremely   covetous;    extreme 
^  greed. 

n.      Mendehagi:     to   force    one's    way    up 
against  a  current ;  cf.  daki,  and  daga. 

. A^^    dShana.      (Kedah.)      Mendehana :    to   beg,  to 
^  importune  for  gifts;  (also)  to  give.     Cf.  dana. 


dahashat.  Arab.  Consternation,  panic-fear, 
excited  alarm,  terror.  Makin-lah  dahashat 
orang :  the  panic  became  greater;  Ht.  Abd., 
82,  322.  Memberi  d, :  to  rouse  or  excite  panic, 
to  instil  fear,  to  terrify. 

dShem  or  ddham.  Hum,  h'm;  a  noise  made 
to  attract  the  attention  of  one  person  without 
its  being  marked  by  others.  Jeling  dan  dehem : 
sidelong  looks  and  hums  and  hints;  Sh. 
Sri  Ben.,  50.  Berdehem-dehem  :  to  **hum  and 
haw  "  by  way  of  inviting  attention  ;    Ht.  Mas 


<^u-^    diydiliat.     Arab.     Divine  service. 


r-L^J    dlbS^j.     A  variant  of  ^l  .3 


q.  V. 


diyat.  [Arab.  ^^ j.]  Blood-money ;  the  price 
of  a  life  taken ;  the  wehr-geld  among  Malays. 
The  word  is  also  used  (in  the  form  pendiyah) 
of  an  expiatory  fine  for  not  attending  mosque. 


^  Ja^    didis.     I.     Mendidis  :  to  hash. 

n.     Musang  didis:  an  unidentified  species  of 
civet-cat. 


jAp   didek 


feJuJ 


^Jt 


UVi^ 


Bringing  up  from  extreme  youth  to 
maturity ;    fostering  carefully.      This  word  is 

:^n-.     ^c !.„: ; 


used  especially  of  men  bringing  up  young 
animals  the  mothers  of  which  die. 

Ayam  punggok,   ayam   ku  didek, 
Terbang  ka-ladang   makan  padi ; 

Barang  yang   burok  jangan  di-beleky 
Silap   rnata  terkena  rnembeli: 

this  punggok  fowl,  this  fowl  I  myself  brought 
up,  has  flown  to  the  padi-{\eld  and  is  eating 
the  grain ! 


dideh.  The  boiling  or  effervescence  of  liquids. 
Mendideh:  to  boil  up,  J.  I.  A.,  I.,  316.  The 
form  menideh  is  common  (Kedah) ;  cf.  also 
Muj.,  47.  In  Kedah  menideh  is  used  of  boiling 
and  dideh  of  skimming  off  the  thick  upper 
surface  of  a  liquid. 


j^juj)   didi. 

"     "        riri. 


An  exclamation  for  calling  ducks.     Also 


3  deret.  A  row,  a  long  line.  Berderet-deret :  in 
rows,  in  long  lines, — as  people  fleeing  from  a 
stricken  city. 


dirus.  Watering,  irrigating.  Ayer  dirus 
segala  pohim-pohtm :  the  water  for  irrigating 
the  plants ;  Ht.  Best.  Mendirus  ayer  kapada 
sireh  :  to  pour  water  on  the  seV^/it- vines ;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah.  Mendiruskan :  to  water,  to  irri- 
gate ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 


(Sr^  diri.  I.  Self.  Diri-ku:  I  myself;.  Ht.  Abd., 
"  "  3>  4'  Diri'inu :  you  yourvSelves.  Diri-nya : 
himself,  herself,  itself,  themselves.  The  word 
diri  is  also  occasionally  used  as  a  pronoun  of 
the  second  person.  Hai  saudara-ku,  diri  di- 
panggil  tdeh  Shaikh  bandar  ka-rumah-nya  :  my 
brother,  you  are  summoned  by  the  Shaikh  of 
the  city  to  his  house ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 

Dt'dalam  d. :  to  oneself;  mentally.    Berkata 
di'dalam  diri :  to  say  to  oneself. 


39 


DSSA 


[    306    ] 


DIYAM 


Membawa  d. :  to  run  away ;  to  remove  to ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  256,  329,  334. 

Membesarkan  d. :  to  boast. 

MBntbuwang  d, :  to  commit  suicide  ;  (also)  to 
cast  oneself  down,  eg.,  at  somebody's  feet, 

Minyerahkan  d. :  to  abandon  oneself  to 
anything,  to  surrender  oneself;  Ht.  Abd., 
400.  Sa-bagai  onta  minyerahkan  diri :  as  the 
camel  abandons  itself  to  its  master's  will, — 
a  simile  for  absolute  submission  ;  Sh.  Raj. 
Haji,  183. 

Minta  d. :  to  ask  permission  to  depart. 

Sa-orang  d» :  alone,  in  solitude. 

Sendiri:  self,  oneself.  Membuwat  pandai 
pandai  sendiri  sihaja  :  to  make  oneself  out  to 
be  clever ;  Ht.  Abd.,  45. 

II.     Erection;  an  erect  attitude. 

Dirikan :  to  erect,  to  put  up.  D.  satu  masjid : 
to  erect  a  mosque;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Men- 
dirikan :  to  erect.  M.  khaimah :  to  pitch  tents ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  201.  M.  pintu  :  to  put  up  a  door; 
Ht.  Abd.,  170,  351.  M,  benang  basah :  to 
make  wet  thread  stand  erect, — a  proverbial 
impossibility. 

Berdiri :  standing  erect,  in  an  erect  attitude ; 
standing.  jB.  dengan  stiwatu  kaki :  standing 
on  one  leg ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  26. 

Perdiriyan  :  erection  ;  Muj.,  28. 

Th'diri :  left  in  an  erect  position,  erected. 
Bandera  inggiris  terdiri  di-haluwan:  the 
English  flag  was  hoisted  at  her  bows;  Ht. 
Abd.,  113. 


ij*i^  desa.  [Skr.  desha.]  Region,  country,  plain. 
Pergi  ka-desa :  to  go  to  the  country ;  Cr.  Gr., 
50.  Pirbtiwatan  orang  desa  hindt :  made  by 
people  from  the  land  of  India;  of  Indian 
make ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  13.  Sa-desa  negeri  : 
every  country  and  town,  everywhere  ;  e.g. : — 

Jikalaii  di-banding  sa-desa   negeri, 
Sa-orang  tiyada   banding-nya  putiri  : 

if  you  compare  the  princess  everywhere,  you 
will  not  find  her  equal  anywhere ;  Sh.  Bid., 
10.     Mendesa  nigBri :  id.,  Sh.  Bid.,  94. 

Bhi  sSmbilan  d, :  iron  obtained  from  nine 
states  (and  supposed  to  possess  magical 
properties) ;  Pel.  Abd,,  70. 

Tandang  d. :  to  go  wandering  from  country 
to  country  ;  vagabondage.  Orang  tandang  d. : 
a  vagabond,  a  wanderer ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Jaya;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Orang  tandangan 
d. :  id. ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 


b: 


cUyang.  Warming  at  the  fire,  toasting. 
Birdiyang  :  to  heat  by  close  proximity  to  the 
fire,  as,  for  instance,  in  the  peculiar  remedies 
prescribed  after  a  confinement.  Mindiyang- 
kan  :  to  heat,  to  toast. 


cA^ 


cXj 


^- 


^,- 


«p^- 


f 


dmgin.  Cold ;  absolute  chiUiness,  in  con- 
tradistinction to  relative  coolness,  S^jok  d. : 
pleasant  coolness;  Ht.  Abd.,  217,  473,  Nasi 
ta'^dinginpinggan  ta^-rStak  :  the  rice  is  not  cold 
and  the  plate  is  not  cracked, — a  rhyming 
equivalent  for  engkau  ta'4ngin  akti  ta'-hhidak : 
you  do  not  want  me  and  I  have  no  desire 
for  you. 

Dinginkan :  to  chill,  to  bestow  cold  or 
coolness ;  Bint.  Tim.,  4  April,  1895 ;  Sh. 
Kamp.  Boy.,  i. 

Kidingin :  shivering ;  afflicted  with  cold. 
Maka  Maharaja  Derma  dengan  segala  rayaUnya 
pun  kHingin-lah,  gemhttar  segala  tuboh-nya : 
the  Maharaja  Derma  and  all  his  followers 
were  struck  with  cold  and  shivered  all  over 
their  bodies ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Pendingin :  the  cooler,  the  bringer  of  cool 
(i,  e,,  pleasant)  feelings, — used  of  the  mercy 
of  God;  Sh,  Kamp.  Boy.,  10. 

Si'dingin,  or  sedingin :  a  plant ;  cotyledon 
laniata  ? 

dikit.  Small  quantity,  sparseness.  Berdikit- 
dikit:  sparsely,  sparingly,  in  small  quantities. 
Sa-dikit :  a  little.  Sa-dikit  hari  :  a  few  days ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  8.  Sa-dikit  banyak  :  a  fair  amount, 
less  or  more,  more  or  less ;  Ht,  Abd.,  35. 

dekar.  Pendekar :  a  leader  of  the  van ;  a 
master  of  fence ;  a  champion. 

Misai  di'penaik,  janggnt  di-huriit, 
Mentmjok  pendekar   tanda   berani : 

he  curls  up  his  moustachios  and  forks  his 
beard  to  show  himself  to  be  a  champion 
and  to  typify  his  pluck.  Saperti  pendekar 
menggerakkan  htiln  keris  :  like  a  tried  warrior 
shaking  the  handle  of  his  dagger;  Ht.  Ism. 
Yat.,  45. 

dikir.      [Arab,  yi  .]    Berdikir:  to  sing  verses, 

to  recite  verses;  Sej.  Mai.,  117.  Pedikir : 
dancing  girls  about  a  Court ;  girls  who  dance 
and  sing,  accompanying  their  movements 
with  blows  on  native  tambourines  (rebana), 

dikau.  A  variant  of  engkau,  the  second  per- 
sonal pronoun, — used  by  Kuantan  or  Kampar 
Malays,  and  occasionally  after  words  ending 

in  /»  . 


diyam.  I.  Silence,  being  silent.  Ada-pun 
diyam  tuwan  Raffles  itu  terlebeh  baik  daripada 
kita  dudok  berpikir :  the  silence  of  Mr.  Raffles 
was  more  valuable  than  our  sitting  and  think- 
ing, Diyam-lah  iya  tiyada  menjawdb  :  he  was 
silent  and  answered  nothing.  Bukan-nya 
diyam  penggali  birkarat  melainkan  diyam  ubi 
ada-nya  bBrisi :  it  was  not  the  silence  of  the 
pick  which  only  rusts,  but  the  silence  of  the 
potato  which  swells  in  its  contents ; — rest 
which  recuperates,  not  inactivity  which 
injures ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  263. 


DAIMAN 


[    307    ] 


DtwAL 


ui- 


Diyam-diyam :  silently,  in  silence ;  secretly  ; 
Ht.  Abd*,  172, 

Diyamkan :  to  render  silent,  to  keep  silence ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  83,  311,  321.  Mendiyanikan :  id. ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  323,  336. 

Berdiyam  :  to  be  silent.  Berdiyanikan  dirt : 
id.,  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  39.  Berdiyam-diyamkan 
dirt :  to  remain  silent ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Pendiyam :  silent,  by  character ;  given  to 
silence;  Ht,  Abd.,  78.  0 rang  yang pendiyam 
saperti  laku  pandita  :  silent  men,  as  men  of 
wisdom  are  silent ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Perdiyamkan :  to  bear  or  put  up  with  any- 
thing in  silence  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  66. 

Terdiyam:  silent,  saying  nothing.  T^rdiyam- 
lah  iya  sa-jurm  panjang :  he  was  silent  for  a 
space  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  igg. 

n.  Residence,  abode,  remaining.  Maka 
diyam-lah  Utwan  Raffles  itu  di-Melaka:  Mr. 
Raffles  took  up  his  quarters  at  Malacca ;  he 
made  Malacca  his  residence  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  84. 

Diyaini :  to  inhabit.  Yang  di-diyami 
makhltik:  the  creatures  who  inhabit  it;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah.  Di4ihat  nya  rnmah  sudah  di- 
kediyami  uleh  pilandok  :  he  saw  that  the  house 
had  been  lived  in  by  the  dwarf-deer ;  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  '215. 

Kediyaman  :  abode,  residence.  Tempat  ft. : 
place  of  abode  ;  home ;  place  of  residence  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  16,  389. 


^jX^   daiman. 
cards. 


Eng.      The   suit    ''  diamonds"    in 


din.  Arab.  Faith,  the  True  Faith;  true 
religion.  The  word  occurs  in  many  Muham- 
madan  names,  e,  g,y  Nuru'd-dht :  Light  of 
the  Faith  ;  Shamsu'd-din :  Sun  of  the  Faith  ; 
etc.  Din  is  often  used  as  a  colloquial  abbre- 
viation for  these  names. 


diyan.  A  candle.  Sinar  d,  :  the  light  of  the 
candle;  Cr.  Gr.,  78;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  Lilin  d, : 
the  wax  of  a  candle;  Muj.,  45. 

Kaki  d, :  a  candle-stick.  Biirong  kaki  d.  :  a 
bird  like  the  sandpiper  but  larger  and  with 
long  bright  red  legs. 

dina.  [Skr.  dina.]  Poor,  mean,  humble,  of 
little  account.  Hina  d, :  the  poor  and  the 
mean  ;  the  commons.  Hina  dina  tuwa  muda 
laki'laki  dan  pereinpnwan :  poor  and  mean, 
old  and  young,  men  and  w^omen  ; — everybody ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Si  gala  ray  at  hina-dina :  the 
whole  populace  ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 

H.    [Jav.  from  Skr.  <ima.]    I>a.y.  CL  dinihari. 


j\j^  dinar.  Arab.  A  gold  coin  often  mentioned 
in  romances ;  money  generally,  hi  kahwin 
tiga  ratns  ribti  dinar  emas :  the  marriage  settle- 
ment consisted  of  300,000  gold  dinars;  Sej. 
Mai.,  9.  Dinar  dirham  dewani :  dinars, 
dirhams  and  dewanis, — different  coins;  Ht. 
Koris. 


^^    denu.       (Penang. )       So-and-so,    what's-his- 
name  ;  a  certain  person  ;  =  anu.     Also  deni. 

^•^    denah.      (Riau,    Daik.)      An    evil    spirit    of 
disease.     It  is  said  to  cause  diseases  in  the  feet. 

jAJ->    deni.     (Penang.)    So-and-so, w^hat's-his-name; 
a  certain  person  ;  =  ami.     From  diya  ini  ? 

t^d"^    dini.     I.     See  dinihari. 

II.  Rotan  d. :  a  climbing  plant  (unidentified). ^ 

^3  dewa.  [Skr.  dewa.]  A  God,  a  ''deva''  or  minor 
Sanskrit  deity.  In  Malayo-Javanese  literature 
it  occurs  (i)  as  the  distinctive  title  of  certain 
minor  heroes  of  mythology — such  heroes 
being  of  supernatural  origin  as  Darmadewa  in 
the  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  (2)  as  the  name  given  to 
a  whole  class  of  minor  divinities  unspecified 
by  name,  but  corresponding  more  or  less  to 
the  dryads,  satyrs,  nymphs,  and  minor  super- 
natural beings  of  the  Greek  mythology  ;  (3)  as 
a  title  assumed  by  members  of  the  highest 
caste  in  Hindoo  Java  and  still  borne  by  the 
"Dewa  Agong''  or  Chief  Ruler  in  Bali  and 
by  the  Balinese  priests.     Cf.  dewi. 


^\^P 


dewata.  [Skr.  dewatd.]  Godhead,  Divinity ; 
the  Gods  generally,  a  great  God.  DSmi  dewata 
tmdiya  raya :  by  the  illustrious  and  mighty 
God, — a  strong  imprecation  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
27.  Dengan  kehendak  dewata  muliya  raya  :  by 
the  will  of  Heaven  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  This  ex- 
pression for  Heaven  or  God  also  occurs :  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg.;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed.  Maka  dewata  Shams 
pun  masok'lali  ha4irai  maghrib  :  the  Sun-God 
passed  behind  the  curtain  of  the  west ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  9. 

Btirong  d. :  the  bird  of  Paradise ;  Sh.  Bur. 
Pung.,  4 ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Unggas  d, :  id. ; 
Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  6;  Sh.  Bur.  Pung.,  14.  Manok 
d, ;  id.,  Cr.     Paksi  d.:  id. ;  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  12. 


*-\aJ  J    dewasa.    [Skr.  diwasa :  a  day.]     Time,  period, 

^        date.     Pad  a  dewasa  itu :    at  that  time ;   Ht. 

Abd.,  3.     Sa4ilah  datang  kapada  dewasa  akan 

bersuwami  :  when  she  came  to  a  marriageable 

age;    Ht.    Kal.   Dam.,    229. 

\\^  J  cUwal.  [Pers.  diwdr  and  diwdL]  A  wall,  the 
^-^  wall  of  a  fortress.  Tegoh  diwdl  kota-nya : 
strong  were  the  walls  of  the  fort ;  Ht.  J[sk. 
Dz.  Baginda  pun  masok  ka-dalam  dtwdl 
mahaligai:  the  King  entered  the  walls  of 
the  Palace;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard.,  8.  Melompat 
ka-atas  diwdl  itu:  leaped  upon  that  wall; 
Ht.   Hamz.,    22. 


I  It  is  mentioned,   for  rhyme  only,  in  a  well-known 
quatrain : 

THak  rotan  dini, 

R^gang  sungai  nlu; 
Tuwan  'nak  bMini, 
Bayar  hutang  dahulu. 


dIwAn 


[  308  ] 


DZAIL 


Cx!^^  diw&n.  Pers.  A  divan ;  a  bench  of  magis- 
trates, a  Court  of  Justice  or  Council  of 
Administration ;  Sh.  Pr.  Turki,   8. 


O^.^ 


Ai^ 


dewana.  A  coined  complimentary  epithet 
meaning  either  '* royal"  (from  dtwdn)  or 
"divine'*  (from  dewa) ;  e.  g,,  Mejmm  dewana: 
Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  26. 

Sayang  ntirt,   burong  nuri, 

Matt   di'panah  raja  dewana; 
Tuwan   ^drif  lagi  johari, 

Tutor  sa-patah  sangat  semperna: 
it  is  sad  that  the   lory,  that  poor  bird,  the 
lory,  should  have  been  killed  with  an  arrov^ 
by  the  great  (royal  or  God-like)  King. 

dewani  or  diwani.  [Pers.,  adj.  of  diwan.] 
Appertaining  to  a  board  of  Government  or 
Justice;  a  coin  coming  from  the  royal  mint. 
Dinar  dirham  dewani:  dinars,  dirhams  and 
dewanis;  gold,  silver  and  copper  coins;  Ht. 
Koris. 

Jika  di'bawa   ka-sana-sim^ 

Tiyada-lah  laku  satu  dewani : 
even  if  you  take  it  about  everywhere,  you  will 
find  it  won't  fetch  a  single  cent;  Sh.  Nas.,  9. 


w>ji3  daytith.  Arab.  A  cuckold;  (by  extension) 
a  man  who  does  not  resent  his  wife's 
infidelity,  an  abject  coward.  Day4thkan : 
to  call  a  man  a  mean  coward.     Colloquially, 

dayus, 

jlj\ypl^  dewadaru.  [Skr.,  dewa  and  ddru :  tree  of  the 
Gods.]  A  tree  (unidentified) ;  also  called 
dedarUf  and  daru-daru. 


ji 


yl^  dewangga.  [Skr.  dewdngga:  the  name  of  the 
reputed  inventor  of  the  art  of  weaving.]  A 
rich  cloth  often  mentioned  in  romances: 
Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  Sh.  UL, 
30;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb,,  24;  Sh.  Sri 
Ben.,  16. 


Ljp    diwal.     See   J\ji3 


^5jJ3    dewi.     [Skr.     dewtJ]   A  goddess;  the  feminine 
of  dewa^  q.  v. 


.\i 


The  letter  dzdl;  the  tenth  letter  of  the 
Malay  Alphabet ;  the  symbol  for  the  number 
700  in  the  abjad,  q.  v. 

dzSit.  [Arab,,  fem.  of  j3  .]  Nature,  charac- 
teristics ;  substance ;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  5. 
Ismu'dZ'dzdt :  a  noun. 


J\i    dz&l.     The  name  of  the  letter  3 


dzabah.  Arab.  To  slaughter  ;  to  kill ;  to 
sacrifice  animals. 

dzarrat.     Arab.     An  atom,  a  particle. 

dzakar.  Arab.  The  male  organ  of  genera- 
tion (when  mentioned,  as  a  scientific  term 
and  not  vulgarly)  ;  e.  g.,  in  the  Mujarbat. 

dzikir.  Arab.  Chanting  the  praise  of  God, 
singing.  Ada  pula  sa-ekor  b^rok  pandai  ber- 
dztkir :  there  was  also  a  baboon,  which  was 
clever  at  singing ;  Ht.  Koris.  Membawa 
dzikir :  to  lead  the  intoning  of  the  prayers ; 
Sh.  Lamp,,  17.     Cf.  dikir* 


AJi    dzallL     Arab.     Common,  low,  mean. 


'^^    dzanb.     Arab.     Sin,  misdeed. 


a3  dzA.  Arab.  Possessor ;  endowed  with. 
Iskandar  dztlH-karnain  :  Alexander,  the 
Possessor  of  the  Two  Horns  ;  Alexander  the 
Great, 

DzuH'hijjah :  the  name  of  the  last  month  of 
the  Muhammadan  year. 

DzuH-haHdah :  the  name  of  the  last  month 
but  one  of  the  Muhammadan  year. 


1*3    dzauk.    Arab.     To  taste. 


dzib.     Arab,     Wild  dog ;  wolf. 


Li    dzail.     Arab.    Tail,   skirt  or  lowest  part  of 
anything. 


RA 


[    309    ] 


RABOK 


^ 


The  letter  ra  ;  the  eleventh  letter  of  the 
Malay  Alphabet ;  the  alphabetical  symbol  for 
the  number  200  in  the  ahjad,  q.  v. 


\j    ra.     The  name  of  the  letter  j 


w>i^  raba.  I.  Groping  or  feeling  about  for  any- 
thing with  the  hands  ;  search  by  feeling  rather 
than  by  sight — as  when  a  man  searches  for 
something  in  his  pocket ;  passing  the  hands 
over  anything  ;  handling  ;  fondhng ;  caress- 
ing ;  feeling  one's  way  about — as  a  man  in  a 
dark  room,  or  as  a  Wind  man  rapping  the 
ground  with  his  stick,  Di-raba-nya  saluroh 
tuboh  btirong  itu  :  he  passed  his  hands  all  over 
the  body  of  the  bird  ;  Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  148. 
Di-raba  baginda  kepala  isUri:  the  king  fondled 
his  queen's  head  ;   Sh.  Bid.,  4. 

Meraba  :  to  grope  ;  to  fondle  ;  to  feel  about 
for  anything ;  (by  metaphor)  to  be  confused 
or  bewildered.  Orang  yang  demikiyan  iht 
meraba  ka-sana  ka-mari  perchaya  itu  perchaya 
ini :  such  men  are  simply  groping  about 
hither  and  thither,  believing  first  this  thing 
and  then  that ;  Ht.  Abd.,  159. 

Meraba-raba  :  =  meraba,  but  frequentative. 

Teraba-raba :  jerky ;  confused  ;  and  incon- 
sequent action ;  bewildered  behaviour,  Di- 
siram-nya  apt  itu  teraba-raba  :  he  kept  turning 
on  the  water  first  on  one  part  of  the  fire  then 
on  another — of  a  fireman  who  had  lost  his 
presence  of  mind  ;   Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  14. 

IL  Ika7t  raba:  a  fish  (unidentified);  Sh. 
Ik.  Trub.,  18. 

J  rabit.  L  A  gash  ;  a  rent  at  the  edge.  The 
word  is  used  especially  of  torn  flesh  or  in- 
juries caused  by  a  tearing  or  drawing  stroke 
with  a  sharp  pointed  instrument.  Bibir  rabit : 
a  hare-lip.  Robat-rabit :  tattered ;  =  robak- 
rabek, 

Mirabit :  to  give  a  tearing  blow.  Telinga 
yang  rabit  di-pasang  subang :  on  the  torn  ear 
an  earring  is  fastened  (increasing  the  dis- 
figurement by  contrast) — a  proverbial  ex- 
pression signifying  that  honours  do  not  sit 
well  on  an  unworthy  recipient. 

Cf.  robak,  rabek,  rabut,  chabek,  chabit  and 
chabtd, 

II.  Merabit  :  to  extend  the  scope  of  an 
accusation ;  to  involve  others  in  a  charge  when 
those  others  were  not  originally  accused ;  to 
drag  third  parties  into  a  case.  Cf.  babit  and 
rawit. 

III.  Eng.  Rabbit;  Kam.  Kech.,  5.  Cf. 
kuching  belanda  and  arnab. 


zJ. 


D 


C!l^ 


&^J 


rabut.  Tearing  out;  pulling  out;  dragging 
out  or  away  from  its  proper  place;  tugging 
out.  Di-rabtit  buwaya:  dragged  away  by  a 
crocodile — of  a  living  and  struggling  victim. 
Dalam  hati-nya  bagai  di-rabut :  she  felt  as  if 
her  heart  was  being  torn  out;  Sh,  Bid., 
71.  Sambiit  tali  perambut,  biyar  putus  jangan 
rabut :  take  the  gut  of  the  line,  sever  it,  but 
do  not  tear  it  in  two — a  proverb  deprecating 
rough  or  violent  action,  the  results  of  which 
are  never  so  satisfactory  as  those  of  deliberate 
conduct. 

Merabut :  to  tear  out.  Menchakar  merabut 
bersunggoh  hati :  scratching  and  tearing  each 
other  to  their  heart's  content — of  two  women 
fighting;  Sh.  Bid.,  24.  Merabut janggut :  to 
tear  the  beard  out  by  the  roots;  Ht.  Best. 
Merabut-rabut  rambut :  to  tear  hair  out ;  Ht. 
Isk.  Dz.     Cf.  ragut. 


rabong.  The  covering  of  plank  or  thatch 
which  makes  the  ridge  of  a  roof  waterproof; 
the  double  row  of  atap  which  covers  the  in- 
terstice over  a  ridge  pole  on  a  roof. 

Chelapak  r. :  the  lower  row  of  atap  in  a 
rabong, 

Chuchok  r, :  the  nail-like  fastenings  of  the 
rabong ;  wooden  spikes  pinning  the  pieces  of 
thatch  together. 

The  rabong  being  the  highest  part  of  a 
house,  the  word  is  also  used  in  the  sense  of 
high  or  full.  Pasang  r. :  spring  tides. 
Ayer  r.,  and  ayer  naik  merabong :  id.  Cha- 
kapan  r. ;  big  talk ;  boasting.  Sa-gantang  r. : 
a  full  gantang  measure. 

Perabong  and  perabongan :  the  ridge  cover- 
ing ;  =  rabong. 


rabak.  Gashed;  rent;  torn;  a  tearing  blow 
across  the  centre  of  any  soft  material.  Di- 
chenchang-nya  akan  Saiyid  Yasin  itu  tiba  pada 
mtdut-nya  rabak  sampai  ka-tHinga-nya :  he 
slashed  at  Sayid  Yasin,  and  the  blow  landed 
on  his  mouth  and  tore  him  to  the  ear ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  247. 


^\^   rabek 


Robak-rabek  :   tattered  and  torn, — of 
cloth,  mats,  etc.     Cf.  chobak-chabek,  rabit,  etc. 


rabok.  Tinder;  touchwood;  a  soft  dusty 
material  found  in  the  bamboo  and  used  as 
tinder ;  burnt  paper ;  tobacco  ash ;  adhesive 
as  distinct  from  mere  loose  ash.     Cf.  aboL 


RABAN 


[    310    ] 


RATONa 


H]J 


Saperti  rabok  dengan  api :  like  the  conjunction 
of  fire  and  tinder  (bursting  into  a  blaze  at 
once) ;  a  proverbial  expression  descriptive  of 
any  combination  which  produces  immediate 
results;  Pel.Abd.,  105;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  60. 
Bagai  rabok  dhigan  api:  id.;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XXIV.,  95.  Laksmta  api  mimakan  rabok:  id. ; 
Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  22. 

^yCl)  raban.  Meraban :  (Riau,  Johor)  to  use  words 
in  a  wrong  sense ;  to  speak  loosely  or  incor- 
rectly ;  to  read  a  text  wrongly  (Kedah)  to 
walk  unevenly ;  to  keep  moving  from  one  side 
of  the  road  to  another — as  a  drunken  man. 


^\j  rabun.  I.  [Menangk.  m^rabun:  to  smoke; 
to  fumigate,  with  the  idea  that  the  devil  will 
be  blinded  by  the  smoke  and  will  leave  a 
newly-born  child  alone.]  Fumigation ;  a 
drug  for  fumigation  ;  Sh.  Dag.,  5.  Rabun 
ayam :  the  time  when  fowls  are  dim-sighted  ; 
evenfall — about  6  p.m.  Buta  r. :  extreme 
dim-sightedness ;  myopia  or  disease  which 
makes  objects  appear  like  vaguely  defined 
shadows  before  the  eye. 

Merabun  :  to  smoke ;  to  fumigate — whether 
by  way  of  driving  away  mosquitoes  or  for 
medicinal  purposes,  or  to  baffle  spirits  of 
disease.  Rabunkan  :  to  burn  (a  drug)  for  the 
purpose  of  fumigating  anything ;  Hay.  Haiw., 
8.     Cf.  abtt. 

11.  (Kedah.)  Merabun:  to  pile  branches  of 
trees,  etc.,  on  a  muddy  spot  to  allow 
travellers  to  cross  it  dryshod. 


^\.    rabu.      I.      The  lungs.      Kembang  r.    or   r. 
^*^      kembang:  inflation  of  the  lungs;  exhilaration; 
the  feeling  that  one  is  bursting  with  joy. 

II.     [Arab,  h}  .]     Hari  rabu :  Wednesday. 


aJs.   rabah. 


murai  rimba. 


A  bird  (unidentified)  also  known  as 


j\j  rata.  I.  (i.)  Level;  evenness;  flatness  of 
surface.  Ada-pun  batn-batn  itu  Urdaki  lichin 
dengan  rata-nya  saperti  di-ketarn  rupa-nya :  the 
stones  were  extremely  slippery  and  smooth 
and  looked  as  if  they  had  been  planed ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  56. 

Sama  rata  :  sameness  of  level ;  a  footing  of 
equality. 

Ratakan  and  miratakan:  to  smooth;  to  plane 
down  to  a  level ;  to  obtain  a  level  surface. 
A  ku  ratakan4ah  kera  binatang  kechil  ini  dengan 
bumi :  1  will  level  this  monkey,  this  insignifi- 
cant beast,  with  the  ground ;  Ht,  Sg.  Samb. 

(ii.)  The  level  of  the  ground  or  of  the  ^ea  ; 
position  on  that  level ;  the  prostrate  position. 
Jatoh'lah  rata  ka-bumi:  he  fell  flat  on  the 
ground. 


(iii.)  Bringing  everything  to  the  same 
level;  completing;  equalizing  by  completion. 
Maka  rata-lah  sudah  sBgala  raja-raja  Milayu  di- 
kirim-nya  snrat :  he  had  sent  letters  to  every 
one  of  the  Malay  princes ;  the  sending  of 
letters  to  Malay  princes  was  completed  by  all 
uniformly  having  received  letters ;  Ht.  Abd., 
98.  Rata  sudah  abang  menchari :  I  have  looked 
for  you  everywhere;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  15. 

Rata-rata  :  everywhere  ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  30. 
Pereksa4ah  kamu  rata-rata :  look  everywhere. 

Sa-rata :  all  over.  Sa-rata  tuboh :  all  over 
the  body  ;  the  entire  body. 

Merata :  to  spread  over  everything  on  all 
sides — as  an  inundation.  Hanyut4ah  engkau 
di'hutan  merata :  you  are  adrift  in  a  boundless 
spread  of  forest ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  30. 

II.  [Skr.  ratha,]  A  car;  a  chariot  (espe- 
cially the  winged  chariots  of  the  gods).  R, 
terbang :  a  flying  chariot ;  Ht,  Sg.  Samb.  R, 
melayang :  id. ;  Ht.  Koris.  Berata  :  mounted 
on  a  chariot ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

III.  Rata-rata :  swarms  of  small  winged 
insects. 

iu  ratib.  [Arab.:  enduring;  steadfast.]  The 
constant  repetition  of  the  name  of  Allah  (or 
of  one  of  the  attributes  by  which  He  is 
known)  by  way  of  invocation  or  thanksgiving. 

Rdtib-nya  itu  tiyada  berhenti,  memnji  kapada 
rabbiH'izzati :  their  invocations  were  unceas- 
ing, in  honour  to  the  Lord  of  all  Honour; 
Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  13. 

R.  saman  :  the  rdtib  when  uttered  in  unison 
by  many  persons  standing  in  rows  ;  Sh.  Pr. 
Ach.,  II  ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  5  ;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  5. 

R,  bang:  a  processional  rdtib ;  a  procession 
of  persons  constantly  repeating  the  call  to 
prayer  through  the  streets  in  times  of  pesti- 
lence or  national  disaster;  Sh.  Lamp.,  5. 

The  utterance  of  the  rdtib  formula  is  usually 
accompanied  by  a  swaying  motion  of  the 
body,  whence  the  word  is  sometimes  used 
figuratively  with  the  meaning  of  shaking  or 
quivering.  Rumah  sudah  rdtib  :  the  house  is 
saying  its  prayers,— an  expression  applied  to 
a  shaky  house  in  a  gale  of  wind. 

ty*^\  ratus.  I.  Hundred.  Sa-ratus :  a  hundred. 
Biratus-ratns  :  in  hundreds.  MBratus :  to  give 
a  feast  on  the  hundredth  day  after  a  man's 
death. 

Rempah  r, :  '*the  hundred  ingredients,"  a 
medicine  given  to  women  after  childbirth. 

II.  A  technical  term  in  the  game  of  porok; 
a  winning  coup  or  stroke. 

III.  Merattis:  to  twitter  continuously  (of  a 
mirebok  bird). 

^j    ratong.       (Singapore.)      A   disease;    phage- 
^        doena  or  ulceration  of  the  nose  from  syphilis 

or  lupus  ;= (Riau,  Johor)  rMong^  and  (Kedah, 

Penang)  rasdong. 


RATAP 


[    311    ] 


RAJA 


y^j  ratap.  I.  Prolonged  wailing  or  lamentation 
when  such  lamentation  takes  the  form  of 
definite  utterances  rather  than  of  meaning- 
less sounds ;  passionate  exclamations  of  sorrow 
and  grief  as  distinct  from  mere  weeping 
(tangis),  lya  ratap  b^rbagai-bagai  ratapnya: 
they  mourned,  uttering  all  kinds  of  cries ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb. 

Ratapkan:  to  mourn  (transitive);  to  bewail, 
to  mourn  over;  Sh.  A.  R,  S.  J.,  8,  27.  Mera- 
tapkan  :  id. ;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  46, 

Meratap :  to  mourn  (intransitive);  Ht.  Abd., 
i93>  438;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  24.  Miratap- 
ratap  :  id.,  but  frequentative ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

11.  Meratap:  (Penang)  to  have  one's  fingers 
loaded  with  rings. 


v\  s   ratin 


LTD 


A> 


[Dutch  ruiten.]  Diamonds  (in  play- 
ing cards).  Also  daimaUy  retin,  retin  and  battc 
melaka. 


ratu.  Jav.  A  title  given  in  Java  to  persons 
of  either  sex  when  of  direct  royal  descent. 
The  title  is  not  used  colloquially  by  Malays 
when  speaking  of  their  own  princes,  but  it 
occurs  in  literature,  and  is  sometimes  applied 
to  foreign  rulers,  especially  queens,  to  avoid 
the  technical  associations  attending  the  use 
of  a  Malay  title.  Ratti  Majapahit  itu  raja 
besar :  the  Prince  of  Majapahit  is  a  mighty 
sovereign;  Sej.  MaL,  39.  Bagindaratit:  Her 
Majesty  the  Queen, — a  title  applied  to  the 
(Circassian)  Sultana  of  Johor,  Bint.  Tim.,  23 
January,  1895.  Isteri-nya  bernama  Ratu  Mas  : 
his  wife  (a  Javanese)  was  named  Ratu  Mas ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  60, — but  Ratu  Mas  properly  speak- 
ing is  a  title,  not  a  name, 

R.  perempuwan :  queen  among  women, — a 
term  of  endearment,  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Sang 
ratu :  the  King,  the  Sovereign. 

Pararatu :  the  grade  of  princes ;  the  assem- 
bly of  princes ;  Ht.  Sh.  Ratu  MBlayu :  the 
Malay  ruler;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  35.  This  title, 
though  applied  to  a  Malay  prince,  is  only  so 
applied  by  a  perversion  of  history,  some 
Javanese  legends  having  been  appropriated  by 
the  Malays  as  their  own.  The  real  Ratu 
Melayu  was  Seri  Panji,  who  was  so  called  for 
victories  over  the  Malays,  cf.  the  title  Scipio 
Africanus. 

Ratu  is  connected  etymologically  with  datok, 
q.  V. 


a3V)  ratah.  Plain,  by  itself — used  of  food  when 
eaten  without  the  usual  rice  or  vegetables. 
Miratah :  to  eat  food  without  rice.  Bahwa 
nasi  persantapan  itu  tiyada4ah  di-makan-nya 
gila-gila  dengan  meratah  ikan  juga :  the  rice 
that  was  laid  before  them  they  did  not  eat, 
absorbed  as  they  were  in  eating  the  fish  by 
itself;  Ht.  Bakht.,  61. 

kp]j  rati.  (From  hati,)  jR^^i-ra^t:  dreams  at  night 
based  on  the  events  of  the  day.  Miratihan : 
to  recall  to  memory  ;=mSmp^rhatikan. 


Tpj  raja.  I.  Skr.  Prince ;  king ;  ruler ;  the 
'^  **  king  "  in  the  game  of  chess ;  a  name  applied 
generally  to  all  persons  of  princely  rank 
whether  reigning  sovereigns  or  not.  At  Riau 
the  title  of  raja  is  also  given  in  a  limited  tech- 
nical sense  to  princes  of  direct  royal  descent 
if  below  the  rank  of  Bngku  and  above  that  of 
nong,  these  grades  turning  upon  intermarriages 
with  women  who  are  not  of  princely  rank. 
The  word  raja  is  also  sometimes  applied  to 
European  Governors;  cf.  Ht.  Abd,,  10,  11. 
Bagai  raja  dengan  muntiri:  like  a  king  and  his 
minister, — in  harmony ;  Prov.  Kerja  r,  : 
work  for  one's  prince;  work  for  which  one 
gets  nothing ;  Prov. 

Raja  berasal  or  r.  asalli :  a  prince  by  descent. 
R,  bintang :  the  principal  heavenly  bodies. 

i?.  di-gUar :  a  raja  by  virtue  of  office  and  not 
by  descent. 

i?.  di-raja  :  (properly  angkatan  raja  adi-raja): 
a  royal  hearse.  Pancha  raja  di-raja  :  id.,  Ht. 
Ism.  Yat.,  139.  Raja  di-raja  properly  means 
a  king  of  royal  descent ;  v.  adi, 

R,  kayu,  kayu  r,  or  kayu  dulang:  a  tree,  cassia 
fistida, 

JR.  muda:  the  second  prince  in  a  Malay 
State ;  the  heir  apparent  to  the  throne. 

R,  penomah :  a  gift,  a  complimentary  present 
sent  with  an  embassy ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 

R,  perempuwan :  a  queen. 

JR.  sari  or  r.  sa-hari :  the  bridegroom. 

R,  udang :  the  name  of  a  bird. 

Anak  r, :  a  princel 

Budak  r, :  ( Pahang  and  Northern  Malay 
States)  the  attendants  at  a  Court ;  courtiers ; 
young  men  in  attendance  at  a  Court. 

Hamba  r. :  servants  or  menials  about  a 
Court. 

Pinang  r, :  the  red-stemmed  palm,  cyrtostachys 
lacca, 

Pisaiig  r. :  a  large  variety  of  a  banana. 

Sennyum  r, :  a  hypocritical  smile. 

Beraja  :  possessing  a  ruler. 

Berajakan:  to  be  ruled  by;  to  have  (anyone) 
for  a  ruler.  Mirasat  pahit  berajakan  Holanda 
itu :  to  taste  the  bitterness  of  Dutch  rule. 

Kerajaan :  rule ;  government ;  empire. 
Takhta  kerajaan :  a  throne  of  sovereignty. 

A  lat  kerajaan  or  perkakas  kerajaan :  the  in- 
signia of  State. 

Mirajakan:  to  make  (anyone)  a  raja;  to 
raise  to  the  throne  or  to  royal  rank ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Raja  can  also  be  used  metaphorically;  ttman- 
ku  raja  sBgala  p^rimpuwan :  my  lady  is  a  queen 
among  women  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

n.  (Connected  with  I?)  PBnyakit  raja  :  a 
malignant  ulcer  on  the  neck  or  shoulders, 
believed  by  Malays  to  peculiarly  affect  princes ; 
Muj.,  58. 


RAJUT 


[    312    ] 


RADAK 


III.  Raja-wali :  a  falcon  ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg., 
16 ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  14 ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.,  etc. 
The  name  is,  however,  given  somewhat 
indefinitely  to  any  large  birds  mentioned  in 
fable  or  romance. 

Hari'hari  niasok   ka-hutan^ 
Potong  rumptit  di-tepi  perigi ; 

*Ashik  punggok   kapada    bidan, 
Bulan   di'kawal  raja-wali ; 

the  owl  was  in  love  with  the  moon,  but  the 
moon  was  guarded  by  the  eagle, — a  prover- 
bial quatrain  describing  the  position  of  a  man 
in  love  with  the  wife  of  one  stronger  than 
himself. 

rajut.  Knitting  ;  working  worsted  or  netting ; 
making  (as  distinct  from  repairing)  worsted 
work  ;  covering  anything  with  successive  folds 
of  twine  or  string;  Muj.,  63;  Pel.  Abd.,  94; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

In  Kedah,  the  use  of  rajut  is  confined  to 
making  net-work ;  rajup  and  radtip  are  used  of 
knitting. 

rajang.     A  pointed  crowbar  ;  an  iron  spike. 


\j    rsgup.     Knitting ;  worsted  work  ;  v.  rajtU, 
i>*\  %    rajok.     Sulking  ;  sullen  behaviour ;  fretting 


'J 


d^b 


Cfr\) 


mopmg. 

MBrajok  :  to  sulk  ;  to  be  out  of  temper. 

MBrajok  pada  orang  yang  sayang  :  to  sulk  with 
one  who  loves  you  (in  which  case  sulking  is 
profitable  as  something  may  be  done  to 
console  you) ;  Prov.  Jangan4ah  kira-nya 
tuwan  merajok  :  do  not  be  out  of  temper  with 
me  ;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  29. 

Merajokkan  :  (transitive)  to  be  out  of  temper 
with;  to  sulk  with.  Merajokkan  ayer  di- 
riiwang :  to  be  out  of  temper  with  water  in  the 
hold  (waste  of  time  when  action  is  necessary); 
Prov. 

Perajok  :  a  person  of  sullen  temperament ; 
Ht.  Koris;  Sh.  Bid.,  51. 

rajin.  Frequency ;  assiduity  in  doing  any- 
thing ;  diligence ;  application.  Rajin-rajin 
birbuwat  jahat :  diligence  in  doing  evil.  Rajin 
dBngan  usaha :  assiduity  and  application. 
Makin-lah  birtainbah4ambah  rajin-kti  menulis 
tin :  I  applied  myself  to  waiting  with  even 
more  diligence  than  before;  Ht.  Abd.,  39. 
Ta' -rajin  di-btmat :  it  is  not  generally  done. 


i^\j>\j    rajawali.     See  raja  III. 


rajah.  Probing ;  searching  for  anything  with 
a  stick  as  when  one  keeps  prodding  the  bot- 
tom of  a  well  with  a  pole  by  way  of  ascer- 
taining the  position  of  something  that  has 
fallen  in ;  the  process  of  tattooing ;  the 
scratching  or  pricking  out  of  the  design  on 
an  amulet  or  charm,  Ini-lah  rajah-nya  :  this 
is  the  design — a  common  preface  to  some 
talismanic  design  in  books  on  the  black  art ; 
Muj,,  71. 


i3r\> 


rachut.    PBraclmt:  an  eruption  of  boils;   an 
abscess  coming  to  several  heads. 

rachek.     I.    (Riau,  Johor.)   Sub-division  into 

very  small  portions ;  slicing  up ;  cutting  up. 
The  word  is  used  especially  of  the  slicing  of 
the  areca-nut. 

II.  A  snare  for  catching  birds.  This  snare 
consists  of  one  or  more  hanging  nooses  ;  cf. 
jerat,  which  is  a  single  noose  lying  on  the 
ground. 

Naik   bukit   membili  marigkok, 
Mangkok   birisi   bnwah   berangan ; 

Tahan  rachek,    bnrong   ta'-masok; 
Burong  biyasa  makan  di-tangan  : 

you  may  set  your  snare,  but  the  bird  will  not 
enter  it,  the  bird  is  accustomed  to  be  fed 
from  the  hand  ;  a  proverbial  expression  signi- 
fying that  a  woman's  heart  is  not  to  be  won 
by  force  or  by  proxy  but  by  personal  wooing. 


c^\j 


l> 


e^^ 


uJ^ 


J 


o'^^j 


venom ; 
poison  ; 


rachun.  Poison ;  (less  common) 
blood  poison.  Makan  r, :  to  take 
Sej.  Mai.,  107. 

Mhnberi  r. :  to  administer  poison  ;  to  poison ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  207.  Sa-pohnn  kayu  rachun:  a 
poisonous  tree,  giving  out  poisonous  exhala- 
tions;  Ht.  Abd.,  391.  Kepala  r,  :  the  king 
of  poisons  ;  the  most  fatal  of  all  poisons. 

Merachun :  to  poison  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  50. 
A>-\j    rachau.     Delirious  utterance  ;  raving. 

\  J    rahat.     Arab.     Rest ;  tranquillity. 


radang.  Meradang;  to  become  heated  by 
passion  ;  to  get  excited  and  angry,  Jangan 
meradang :  do  not  excite  yourself ;  do  not  get 
angry.  Kelaku-nya  bBbal  iBkas  meradang :  his 
disposition  is  dull  and  he  gets  rapidly  heated. 

Orang  A cheh  sangat  meradang , 

Minhigar  bunyi  meriyam  senapang : 

the  men  of  Acheen  became  greatly  excited 
on  hearing  the  sound  of  the  cannon  and 
muskets ;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  17. 


radup.     (Kedah.) 
v,  rajnt. 


Knitting,   worsted    work ; 


radak.     Thrusting   upwards;    a  thrust   from 

below;  a  treacherous  blow  such  as  that  of 
an  assassin  who  stands  under  a  house  and 
drives  his  weapon  through  the  flooring,  select- 
ing the  spot  where  his  victim  is  likely  to  be 
lying.  Di-radak-nya  kaki  Hang  JSbat :  he 
thrust  at  the  legs  of  Hang  Jebat ;  Ht.  Hg. 
Tuw.,  85 ;  cf.  also  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  223. 

Silap  chakap  kena   radak; 

Hilang  jiwa  perchoma  sehaja  : 

a  blundering  remark  may  give  you  a  spear- 
thrust,  and  your  Hfe  may  be  lost  for  a  worth- 
less trifle ;  Prov. 


BADEN 


[    313    ] 


RASAMALA 


i\ 


Piradak  :  a  sort  of  pike  for  getting  edible 
birds'  nests  out  of  the  cavities  in  which  they 
are  found. 

Sakit  mBradak-radak  :  shooting  pains  in  the 
region  of  the  liver* 

Radak  is  also  used  as  a  slang  term  signify- 
ing hasty  and  gluttonous  eating;  guzzling. 
Rodok,  lantak,  chekek  and  other  words  are 
used  in  the  same  way. 


0*^i>   raden  or  radin 


I.  Jav.  A  title  given  to 
persons  of  direct  royal  descent  in  Java,  but 
not  in  the  Malay  Peninsula ;  cf.  ratu.  Radin 
Mas  :  a  grade  of  this  rank.  Radin  Galoh :  a 
princess.  Radin  Inu  Kariapati:  the  true  name 
and  title  of  the  hero  who  is  better  known  by 
his  assumed  name  of  Seri  Paiiji  or  Sira  Panji. 

Anak  peradinan  :   children    of  the    rank   of 
radin;  the  children  of  princes,  Ht.  Sh. 

II.     Padi  radin  :  a  special  kind  of  rice. 


iS^^J  radai.  I.  The  carpet  over  which  the  bride 
walks  at  her  ceremonial  entry  into  the  bride- 
groom's house ;  a  carpet  used  at  a  funeral, 
the  funeral  procession  passing  over  it.  Also 
peradai, 

11.  [Singapore,  Bencoolen.]  Meradai:  to 
go  round  begging  ;  to  beg  from  door  to  door. 

U^J    rS,S.     I.     Arab.     Head. 
II.     Hind.     Reins. 

\^j^j  rasa.  I.  Taste;  flavour  ;  perception;  the 
sense  of  taste;  internal  sensation.  Anggota 
yang  lasa  menjadi  lagi  rasa  :  the  numbed  limbs 
regain  their  sense  of  feeling;  Muj.,  59.  Menu- 
rutkan  hati  mati,  menurutkan  rasa  binasa  :  to 
give  way  to  one's  moods  is  death,  to  give 
way  to  one's  senses  is  ruin;  Prov.  Sampai 
hati  sampai  rasa:  to  have  the  heart  to  do 
anything;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  g;  usually  as  an 
interrogative  ''  have  you  the  heart,  have  you 
the  feelings  ?  " 

Sa-tangkai  padi,   sa-tangkai  lada, 
Sayang  sBlaseh  sehaya  panggalkan; 

Sampai  hati,  sampai  rasa, 

Tingah  kaseh  tuwan  tinggalkan : 

have  you  the  heart,  have  you  the  feelings,  to 
leave  me  while  I  love  you  still  ? 

R.  hati  :  mental  sensation  ;  perception. 

Rasa-nya:  (used  as  a  clause  by  itself)  it 
seems ;  it  appears ;  as  it  were,  Bagitu4ah 
rasa-nya  :  so  it  seems. 

Salam  simbah   batang  selaseh; 

Sayang  kBmuning  bert^bar  daun ; 
Stmggoh'pun   behani   kita  b^rkaseh, 

Rasa-nya   sudah   biribu  tahun : 

although  our  love  for  each  other  is  recent,  it 
is  felt  as  the  love  of  some  thousands  of  years. 

Chinia  rasa :  (lit.)  the  perception  of  feeling 
zzzrasa^  but  intensitive. 


Putns  rasa:  the  severance  of  the  bond  of 
sympathy ;  forgetfulness  ;  indifference.  Sw- 
paya  jangan  putus  rasa  akan  anah-nya  :  that  he 
might  not  forget  his  love  for  his  child. 

Sa-rasa  :  similarity  or  community  of  sensa- 
tion ;  resemblance  in  feeling  or  taste.  Sa- 
rasa  nyawa  pnlang  ka-badan:  feeling  as  though 
the  soul  was  returning  to  the  body ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  67.  Tiyada  sa-rasa :  dissimilar, 
incongruous,  not  harmonious,  unsatisfactory. 
Minum  ayer  sa-rasa  duri :  to  drink  water  and 
find  it  taste  as  thorns  ;  to  want  anything  and 
go  unsatisfied ;  Prov. 

Timbang  rasa :  the  doing  of  a  kindness ; 
charity  ;  favour ;  the  earning  of  gratitude. 

Timpa  r,  :  to  bear  the  brunt  of  anything ;  to 
stand  the  consequences.  Timpa  p^rasan  :  id. 
Mata  memandang  apa  nak  sakit  ? — bahu  yang 
memikid  timpa  rasa :  what  does  the  eye  which 
looks  on  suffer  ?  It  is  the  shoulder  lifting  the 
burden  that  has  to  bear  the  brunt ;  Prov. 
See  timpa, 

Rasa'i,  merasa  and  mirasal :  to  feel, 

Berasa  :  feeling  (the  participle)  ;  on  feeling. 
SapBrti  memegang  bar  a  berasa  panas  di-lepmkan: 
as  in  grasping  a  live  coal,  on  feeling  it  burn 
one  lets  it  go ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Pengerasa  and  perasaan :  the  sense  of  per- 
ception. Pada  perasaan-ku :  according  to  my 
sense  of  perception  ;  it  seems  to  me. 

Perasakan  and  memperasakan :  to  perceive 
(anything)  ;  to  feel. 

II.     [Skr.  rasa.']     Quicksilver;  =  raksa,  q.  v. 

1^\.    rasak.     Pmoh  merasak:    (Kedah)   chockfuU; 
from  asak,  q.  v.     Cf.  pinch  sesak. 


1^\ .  rasok.  I.  The  attack  of  an  evil  spirit  such  as 
a  pontiyanak  or  polong  :  the  entry  of  a  spirit 
of  disease  or  madness  in  a  man.  Di-rasok  : 
suddenly  possessed  ;  become  the  victim  of  an 
evil  spirit's  attack;  Ht.  Abd.,  157.  K^na 
rasok  :  id.,  Sh.  Peng.,  9. 

Di-rasok  hantu  :  id., — more  fully  expressed  ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  109. 

Merasok  :  (of  evil  spirits)  to  attack  a  man  ; 
Sh.  Lail*.  Mejn.,  34 ;  Ht.  Abd.,  157. 

II.  Wooden  cross  beams  from  pillar  to 
pillar  in  the  construction  of  a  native  house. 
Cf.  gUegar. 

III.  (Riau.)  Sa-rasok  :  of  one  size  or  fit; 
equally  suited,  used  of  persons  whom  the 
same  suit  of  clothes  will  fit. 


JU 


y 


rasajnala. 

perfumed 
raksamala. 


A 

gum 


tree    (altingiana)    yielding  a 
;     Ht.    Jay.    Lengg.      Also 


40 


RASAU 


[    314    ] 


RAPEH 


yj\j    rasau.     I.      A   screw  pine,  pandanus   russow, 

II.  Mirasau :  (Onom.)  to  make  a  swishing 
noise, — of  branches  sweeping  about  the  roof 
of  a  house. 

III.  Merasau:  to  talk  nonsense, — of  an 
eccentric  or  crazy  person;  cf.  rachau  and 
richaih 

^\j    rasi.    See  ^^j  . 

A\j    rangar.     A   generic   name  for  certain   shells 
with  long  spike-like  projections.     Also  rangak, 

R,  beitd  :  pteroceras  lambis. 

R.  chekang :  pteroceras  chiragra, 

^\.    rangas.     The    presence    of    air    bubbles   in 

^"•^^ -^      molten  metal ;  failure  to  cast  metallic  objects 

owing  to  the  presence  of  such  bubbles;  spoilt, 

of   metal    work;     (by    metaphor)    spoilt,    of 

any  object. 


p\.    rangup.      Crisp    and    brittle,   as   dry   leaves 
-^      or  as  a  biscuit ;  dry  and  cracking,    of  grains 
oipadi  after  sufficient  exposure  to  heat. 


AS- 


^\ 


y 


i\> 


rangak.     A  shell ; — a  variant  of  rangar^  q,  v. 

rangum.     Snatching  wildly;  snatching  right 
and  left. 

Behagiyan   betul,  jangan  rangwn ; 
Menjadi  tama'   dBngan  haloba  : 

let  the  sharing  be  fair,  don't  snatch  away 
your  share;  you  will  become  grasping  and 
covetous  if  you  do. 

rangan.     I.     A  large  tree,  cryptocarya  ccesia, 
II.  =  rangin,  q.  v. 

rangin.    Jav.     A  shield ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  132, 
135- 

rangoi.     (Kedah.)     M^rangoi:  to  scrape  the 
thorns  off  a  piece  of  nibong, 

rangah.        Haughty;      supercilious;     pride. 

Mirangah :  to  swagger. 


rangai.  I.  Obstinate  or  chronic — of  a 
disease  which  is  in  no  way  dangerous  to  life 
and  interferes  with  comfort  rather  than  with 
health. 

II.  Mirangai:  to  forage ;  to  rummage  about 
in  a  house — as  thieves  in  search  of  con- 
veniently portable  booty,  or  as  a  raja  looking 
round  a  house  for  something  to  appropriate 
as  a  gift  from  the  owner. 


i\, 


lA> 


yb 


4^\^ 


^\^ 


rapat.  Close  connection;  contiguity;  con- 
tact ;  touching ;  brought  into  contact ;  fitted ; 
closely  fitting;  (by  metaphor)  intimacy, 
friendship,  close  alliance.  Sahdbatyang  rapat  : 
intimate  friends.  Kayu-kayu  itu  di-chachak 
ka-dalam  tanah  rapat-rapat:  the  stakes  were 
driven  into  the  ground  quite  close  one  to 
another ;  Ht.  Abd.,  72.  Kirapatan :  (Siak) 
the  members  of  a  man's  family;  his  near 
relations  considered  collectively. 

Baji  rapat :  a  wedge  put  into  an  interstice 
to  tighten  up  things  and  render  them  firmer, 
and  not  for  splitting  them  apart. 

Mirapat:  to  fit  one  thing  on  another;  to 
work  as  a  fitter  or  joiner.  M,  kenmdt :  to  fix 
the  rudder  on  a  boat.  Orang  Jawa  pandai 
merapat :  the  Javanese  make  good  carpenters ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

P^rapat :  that  which  brings  together ;  the 
indented  line  along  the  side  of  a  boat ;  the 
seams  or  interstices  between  the  planks. 
Perapatan :  id. 

Ketam  perapat :  a  plane. 

rapus.     I.     (Kedah.)     Peevish,  fretful.     Also 

rampus, 

II.  (Kedah.)  Merapus :  to  tie  the  legs  of 
a  buffalo  or  other  animal  together  so  as  to 
throw  the  animal  down  and  slaughter  it ;  also 
(Riau,  Johor)  rempus, 

rapang.  A  fish,  like  a  large  ikan  belanak  ; 
Pel.  Abd.,  7;  Ht.  Gh. 

rapek.      (Riau,    Johor.)      Merapek :    to    talk 

nonsense ;  =  (Kedah)  merepet.     Cf.  opak-apek ; 
s.  V.  apek. 
Ropak-rapek :  v.  ropak. 

rapu.  (Kedah.)  Merapu :  to  pick  up  odds 
and  ends ;  to  collect  rags  and  other  ill-con- 
sidered trifles  by  way  of  earning  a  livelihood ; 
(sometimes)  to  steal  small  things,  to  pilfer. 
Merapu  dana  (often  simply  merapu)  :  to  beg. 

Orang  boros   lekas  habis, 

Lama  lama   tinggal  mBrapu: 

a  spendthrift  soon  loses  his  substance,  and  in 
the  long  run  comes  to  beggary. 

rapah.  M^rapah :  to  walk  without  considera- 
tion of  the  injury  one  is  causing  others, — as 
when  an  inconsiderate  man  treads  on  a 
valuable  carpet  with  dirty  boots  or  walks 
over  growing  crops  without  picking  his  way 
carefully ;  to  walk  over  fallen  trunks  in  the 
jungle.  Di-rapah-nya  uleh  hulubalang  raja  itu : 
the  warriors  marched  over  it ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

rapeh.  I.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Bringing  close; 
drawing  in ;  bringing  into  one's  own  proxi- 
mity; pulling  in  ;  (Kedah)  rampis.  Rapehkan : 
to  haul  in  (anything)  towards  oneself — as 
when  a  man  draws  in  the  sail  by  the  sheet, 
or  pulls  a  branch  of  a  tree  closer  to  himself 
so  as  to  pluck  the  fruit  on  it  the  more  easily. 

II.     Crumbling ;  v.  rapoh  and  rSpeh. 


RAPOH 


[    315    ] 


RAGA 


o 


^\, 


Jh 


S\ 


'J 


rapoh.  Brittleness ;  fragility ;  crumbling ; 
frail;  easily  broken  up,  as  wood  which  has 
become  rotten  or  worm-eaten,  or  as  iron  after 
long  exposure  to  rust.  Rapoh  mulut:  inability 
to  control  one's  tongue, — used  of  a  man  who 
at  the  least  provocation  bursts  into  bad 
language  or  reveals  secrets  confided  to  him. 
Bernyawa  rapoh :  frail  tenure  of  life,  such  as 
that  of  a  man  in  a  delicate  state  of  health. 

'Ilmu  perapoh:  a  charm  to  affect  a  rival's 
weapons  or  tools  with  brittleness;  a  charm 
such  as  would  be  used  to  make  an  enemy's 
keris  break  in  a  battle,  or  to  make  his  oar 
break  in  a  rowing  race. 

rapai.  Merapai:  to  be  constantly  fumbling 
about  with  one's  hand ;  cf.  chapai  and  apai, 

Tangan  merapai  sapirii  Upas  kudong  (or  saperti 
udang  dalam  tanggok)  :  his  hand  is  as  restless 
as  a  cockroach  (or  as  a  shrimp  in  a  basket- 
trap)  ;  proverbial  expressions  descriptive  of  a 
man  who  cannot  be  still. 

The  form  menggerapat  is  usually  found  in 
a  transitive  sense,  but  merapai  also  occurs  as 
an  active  verb  meaning  to  fondle  or  play 
with;  Sh.  Peng.,  2. 

raka.  Fragility ;  brittleness  as  the  result  of 
visible  injuries  but  not  of  rotten  materials; 
fragile,  as  a  vase  that  has  been  cracked  in 
several  places  and  necessitates  care  in 
handling. 
Cf.  rapok 


ilS\j    rakat.     L     [Arab.  hJj  .]     The  bowing  of  the 
body  in  prayer ;  v.  raka'at. 

II.  Hind.  A  scarlet  pea  with  a  black 
speck — used  as  a  weight  for  gold.  Also 
buwah  saga^  q.  v. 

III.  A  theatrical  performance  (obsolete) ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  144. 

rakit.  Arrangement  one  by  another ;  laying 
things  in  order  side  by  side  for  the  purpose 
of  construction ;  a  simple  construction  such 
as  a  raft ;  the  earliest  rough  preparation  for 
building  a  house. 

Barang  pekirjaan  jangan  di-rakit, 
Kejahatan   banyak   bukan  sadikit: 
do  not   make   arrangements   for  any   under- 
taking, it  will  end  in  disaster   in  no  slight 
degree;  Sh,  Rej.,  5. 

Rakit-rakit   dari  IndBragiri^ 

Minyib^rang    hendak  ka-pulati  J  aw  a; 

Kalau  tuwan  menyerahkan  dirt 
Nanfi  esok   kakanda   bawa: 

the  rafts  from  Indragiri  crossed  over  on  their 
way  to  the  island  of  Java;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 
This  word  is  very  common  in  pantuns,  e,  g. 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata  (four  times);  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
(twice) ;  Ht.  Koris  (twice),  etc. 


^. 


^\j 


lA 

^\, 


C^. 


^\ 


jr. 


Bh'akit :  side  by  side ;  arranged  parallel  to 
each  other.  Tulang-pun  tampak  b^rakiUrakit : 
the  bones  (ribs)  appeared  each'parallel  to  the 
rest;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  22.  Tikar  birakit : 
a  double  mat ;  a  mat  of  two  folds. 

Sa-rakit:  a  pair  of  layers  or  slices.  Sireh 
sa-rakit:  two  sireh  leaves,  one  arranged  on 
the  other  for  consumption. 

rakut.  Imposition;  deception;  snare  ;  = 
karut,  q.  v.  Fusing  ptdar  pandai  merakut  : 
twisting  and  turning,  skilled  in  deceiving. 
'Akal  laba-laba,  di-guwa  bur  ok  suka  merakut: 
the  mind  of  a  spider  which  likes  to  weave 
its  snares  in  a  decaying  hollow ;  Prov. 

rakus.  -   Greed ;  gluttony.     Also  ragus,  ^ 

rakap,    I.    [Arab,  and  Hind.  m\5^.]    Stirrup. 

II.  Chukup  rakap:  fully  equipped;  =  chukup 
lengkap  and  chukup  rangkap, 

III.  Creeping  at  a  snail's  pace;  slow  pro- 
gress ;  spreading  as  a  creeper. 

Sireh  kerakap :  the  small  upper  sprouts  of 
the  sireh, 

Merakap:  to  creep;  to  crawl — as  a  plant; 
(by  metaphor)  to  crawl  from  door  to  door — 
as  a  beggar,  Orang  hina  merakap :  a  miser- 
able crawling  beggar;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  32. 
Mengaji  sapMi  orang  merakap  :  to  read  like  a 
crawler ;  to  slowly  move  from  word  to  word ; 
Sh.  Ul.,  4.     Cf.  rakak  and  rangkak, 

rakak.     Crawling ;  =  rangkak  and  rakap,  q.  v. 


rakam.     [Arab,  i,  .]      Painting    on    cloth; 

painted  as  distinct  from  embroidered  designs 
in  cloth.  Di-rakam  dBngait  ayer  emas :  painted 
in  gold ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Ht.  Bakht.,  9. 

rakan.  Companionship ;  association ;  a  friend, 
companion  or  partner.  Uleh  suka  bermain- 
main  sama  rakan-nya :  because  he  liked  to  play 
with  his  companions ;  Ht.  Best. 

Rakanan  :  a  partner  in  business ;   Ht.  Abd,, 
243 ;  Bint.  Tim.,  4  April,  1895. 

Berakan-rakan :  in  parties  or  groups ;  =  bir- 
kawan-kawan. 


U   rakah. 

loudly. 


I.      (Kedah.)      Mirakah :    to  laugh 
GBlak  m^rakah  :  id.     Cf.  dikah. 


11.      Bh'akah:    proud;     self-important ;  = 

sombong, 

raga.  I.  A  coarsely-plaited  basket  of  bam- 
boo or  rattan;  a  kind  of  creel  with  wide 
interstices.  RambuUnya  saperti  raga  or  ram- 
but-nya  bagai  raga  :  coarse  matted  hair ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  382;  Ht,  GuL  Bak.,  89;  Sej.  MaL,  55. 
Jaras  kata-nya  raga  jarang :  the  creel  said  that 
the  raga  had  wide  interstices ;  the  pot  called 
the  kettle  black ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  97. 


RAaUT 


[  316  ] 


RAOI 


oi\i 


U^J 


J^J 


'J 


t^-' 


i?,  hi:  a  coarsely-plaited  basket  used  for 
storing  paii* 

R.  stiduk :  a  rough  creel  for  spooning  padi 
into  a  tub  or  on  to  a  mat. 

Balong  r, :  a  full  crested  comb*  Also  balong 
sBraga. 

Buwah  raga,  or  buwah  sepak  raga :  a  roughly 
plaited  ball  of  basket-work  used  for  playing 
a  game  something  like  football.  Sepak  raga  : 
the  game  so  played;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  173;  Ht. 
Raj.  Bud.,  58.  Bermain  raga:  to  play  at 
this  game;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  14.  Bersepak 
raga :  id.,  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  14. 

II.  Jav.  The  body — in  contradistinction 
to  the  soul  (sokma).  TBrtawan-lah  hadanjiwa 
raga  :  my  body  is  enslaved,  my  very  life  and 
body;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

III.  Display;  showing  off.  Meraga:  to 
show  off  (fine  clothes  or  curios) ;  to  invite 
admiration.  Peraga :  a  dandy,  a  man  who 
is  always  aiming  at  display. 

ragut.  Miragut :  to  tear  out  with  violence. 
MBragut-ragut  rambut:  to  tear  one's  hair — of 
a  man  under  the  influence  of  great  excite- 
ment or  grief ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  46; 
Ht.  Sh. ;  Ht.  Abus.,  15.  Cf.  rabtit,  chabtd 
and  ragas. 

ragas.  The  act  of  seizing  and  pulling  but 
not  actually  tearing  out ;  cf.  ragut  and  rabtit. 
Kena  ragas  kayu  :  to  rub  past  the  point  of  a 
stick. 

Meragas  :  to  clutch  and  pull ;  to  seize  and 
pull ;  to  pull  things  about — as  is  done  by  a 
revenue  officer  searching  for  contraband 
goods ;  to  seize  the  rung  of  a  ladder  and  pull 
oneself  up  to  it,  M.  rambut :  to  pull  a 
woman's  hair  so  as  to  spoil  the  dressing  but 
not  so  violently  as  to  tear  the  hair  out  of  the 
scalp.  Ada  yang  di-ragas  rambut  marika : 
some  had  their  hair  pulled  about ;  Sh.  Panj. 
Sg. 

ragUS.  Greed,  gluttony.  Maka  dengan  ragus- 
nya  kuching  itu  tiyada  tahu  minahan  loba: 
the  cat's  greed  was  such  that  he  could  not 
control  his  desires;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  185. 
Also  raktis, 

ragang.  The  act  of  scaling  a  wall  or  climb- 
ing a  tree;  climbing  by  stretching  out 
one^s  arms  and  pulUng  oneself  up,  as  opposed 
to  climbing  by  walking  up  a  declivity.  Tang- 
ga  hendak  meragang  kota :  scaling  ladders ; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mahaw. 

ragOBg.  TBragong-ragong :  knocking  one 
against  another,  of  heavy  bodies  suspended 
by  narrow  stalks  or  necks;  swaying  one 
against  another,  as  mangosteens  on  a  string. 

ragup.  Catching;  carrying  off;  snatching 
away.  Tangkal  kanak-kanak  jangan  di-ragup 
uleh  shaitdn :  an  amulet  to  prevent  children 
becoming  the  prey  of  evil  spirits;  Muj.,  84. 


f^ 


f^ 


ragam.  Hind.  Modes  in  music;  modula- 
tion; melody;  variety  of  sound;  (by  meta- 
phor) variety  of  colouring,  nature,  or  temper- 
ature. 

Bunyi  r, :  an  air  ;  a  melody ;  a  tune.  /?. 
manmiya :  an  earthly,  as  distinct  from  a 
celestial,  melody.  Btmga  lawang  tiga  ragam  : 
three  varieties  of  cloves  ;  Muj.,  87. 

Berbanyak  ragam:  many-sided  in  character 
or  temperament,  either  in  a  bad  sense 
(capricious)  or  in  a  good  sense  (possessed  of 
varied  accomplishments).  Banyak  orang 
banyak  ragam-nya :  there  are  as  many  natures 
as  there  are  men ;  no  two  men  have  absolutely 
the  same  disposition;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL, 

77- 

Meragam :  to  sound ;  to  give  out  a  varying 
sound — as  a  voice  broken  with  sobbing,  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub. ;  or  as  the  song  of  a  bird,  Sh.  A.  R. 
S.  J.,  4;  or  even  as  a  creaking  rudder,  Sh. 
Sri  Ben.,  22. 

Paspa-ragam :  of  varied  colouring  or  sound  ; 
varied  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  40. 

ragtun.  A  kind  of  vice  or  clip  worked  with  a 
screw;  an  instrument  in  use  among  copper- 
smiths. Tandok  r. :  (Kedah)  horns  meeting  at 
their  extremities,  horns  which  curve  so  as  to 
meet  each  other. 

S\s  ragu.  Confusion ;  uncertainty ;  variation ; 
**  chopping  and  changing";  the  character  of 
a  man  who  is  everything  in  turn  and  nothing 
long. 

4^ .  ragah.  Beragah-ragah  :  '*  daring  "  each  other 
to  advance ;  defying  or  exciting  each  other  to 
fight — as  two  enemies  working  up  their  temper 
before  beginning  the  attack.     Cf.  rakah, 

^J}J  ragi.  Any  essence  or  material  inserted  into  a 
preparation  with  a  view  to  improving  it — as 
yeast  is  put  into  dough  or  alloy  into  metal ; 
yeast ;  leaven ;  alloy ;  any  compound  to  pro- 
duce fermentation. 

Tepong  kena  ragi:  dough  meets  yeast — 
a  proverbial  expression  signifying  that  things 
are  taking  the  most  promising  turn ;  Sh.  Lail. 
Mejn.,  14.  Rosak  tapai  kena  ragi :  the  cake 
may  be  spoilt  by  the  yeast ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XL,  53. 

Ragi  is  also  used  (when  speaking  of  the 
manufacture  of  cloth)  to  describe  the  colours 
arranged  on  a  web  to  serve  as  a  model  or 
basis  for  the  pattern.  Bh'agi :  with  a 
coloured  pattern.  Buta  ragi :  with  the 
pattern  washed  out. 

Di-tenun  kain  dengan  kapas, 

Birmacham-macham   warena   ragi; 
Perahu  lilin   layar  kartds, 

B^rani  ku  langgar  lautan   api : 
cloth  is  woven  out  of  cotton,  varied  are  the 
colours  of  its  pattern. 

Meragi :  to  work  colours  into  a  fabric. 

Burong  miragi:  the  painter  or  painted  snipe. 


RALAT 


[    317    ] 


RAMAH 


C^\^    ralat.     [Arab,   y^  .]     Error,  miscalculation. 

»-^\^    ralip.      I.      Sleepy;    tired   of  playing, — of  a 
child. 

II.  Habitual  practice;  custom;  habit, 
Ralip-nya  pakai  hitam :  he  habitually  wears 
black. 


cr*\> 


j-V, 


ramus.  Hair  on  the  cheeks ;  hairiness  on  the 
face  beyond  the  usual  limits  of  the  beard. 
Biramus :  with  hair  extending  over  the 
cheeks;  covered  with  hair,  of  the  face;  ex- 
tending over  the  cheeks,  of  a  beard.  Buwang 
ramus :  to  get  rid  of  hair  from  the  cheeks. 


rameng. 

259- 


A  plant  (unidentified);  J.  I.  A.,  I., 


f^. 


LrA> 


rama.  I.  Skr.  SeriRama:  Rama,  the  hero 
of  the  Hindu  epic  called  after  him  the  Rama- 
yana;  one  of  the  incarnations  of  Vishnu. 
Hikdyat  Seri  Rama  :  the  Malay  version  of  the 
Ramayana.  The  word  Rama-yana  itself 
occurs  (in  the  expression  gerengseng  lelakon 
ramayana);  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 

II.  Rama  rama:  a  butterfly.  Saperti  rama- 
rama  yang  tiyada  berjijak  di-btmii:  like  a 
butterfly  which  never  sets  foot  on  the  ground 
— a  proverbial  simile  for  a  proud  man  who 
considers  himself  superior  to  the  weaknesses 
of  ordinary  mortals. 

The  Malays  have  few  names  for  the  nu- 
merous species  of  butterflies  known  in  Malaya, 
and  the  names  given  are  only  roughly  descrip- 
tive ;  e,  g,j  r.  r,  piiieh,  r,  r.  kelabu,  r.  r.  bintangy 
r.  r.  choreng,  r.  r.  ktida,  and  r.  r.  padi, 

Ringgit  rama-rama :  the  Mexican  dollar. 

Rama-rama  is  of  constant  occurrence  in 
pantuns  as  a  mechanical  rhyme  for  sama-sama ; 
e.  g.y  Sh.  Bur.  Nur.,  33;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  12; 
Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  19;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata ;  Ht. 
Koris;  Mol.  MaL,  61,  etc. 

III.  Jav.  Father.  The  use  of  this  word  is 
confined  to  some  literary  works  and,  collo- 
quially, in  Kotaringin,  to  describing  the 
prince;  cf.  demang  (Batak  damang)  which 
has  identically  this  meaning.  Rama  aji : 
princely  father — an  expression  often  used  in 
romances  from  the  Javanese  as  an  equivalent 
for  ayahanda;  Ht,  Sh. ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed.;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg. 


ramas.  Repeated  pressure  between  the 
fingers  and  the  flat  of  the  hand;  an  action 
of  the  hand  similar  to  kneading;  a  kind  of 
massage.  Di-ambil-nya  tanah  lalu  di-ramas- 
nya  hendak  memimpat  lobang  gedong  itu:  he 
took  earth  and  kneaded  it  up  so  as  to  fill  up 
the  hole  in  the  treasury;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
377.  Nasi  yang  di-ramas-nya  itu:  the  rice 
which  has  been  pressed  (into  a  compact 
mass) ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 

Meramas :  to  knead ;  to  work  up  moist  clayey 
matter  with  the  hand ;  to  massage ;  to  press 
the  liquid  out  of  a  wet  cloth.  M.  kaki :  to 
massage  the  feet, — a  process  believed  to  have 
a  soporific  or  soothing  effect;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi., 
2 ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  225.  M.  duH :  id. ;  Sh. 
Abd.  ML,  88:  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  M.  lebu 
Ulapakan:  id.,  Ht.  Sh. 


y. 


'J 


cAj 


r\> 


aJ\j 


ramal.     I.      [Arab.  J^j.]     Soothsaying  from 

figures  drawn   on   sand ;    horoscope ;     hour- 
glass. 

II.  [Hind,  and  Pers.  J\^j  .]  Scarf;  hand- 
kerchief. Sigera  di-sapu-nya  dengait  ramal- 
nya  :  he  wiped  it  off  rapidly  with  his  handker- 
chief; Ht.  Koris.  Menyampaikan  ramal  kapada 
balm  kiri :  to  wear  a  scarf  thrown  over  the 
left  shoulder;  Ht,  Koris.  The  word  also 
occurs:  Ht,  Ind.  Meng.  (twice). 

ramun.  A  tree  with  a  sub-acid  fruit;  J.  L  A., 
L,  259;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  97. 

ramu.  The  collection  of  odds  and  ends;  mis- 
cellaneous gathering  or  picking  up  ;  gathering 
pieces  of  fallen  wood  for  burning. 

Meramii :  to  collect  odds  and  ends.  M. 
rumah:  to  collect  materials  for  use  in  the 
construction  of  a  house.  M.  kayuwan :  to 
gather  firewood;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  40.  Naik 
ka-darat  meramu  saperti  penyamwt  barang  yang 
berUmu :  landing  and  laying  hands  on  every- 
thing as  though  they  were  robbers ;  Ht.  Abd., 
415.  Membtiwat  rumah  dalam  nmiah^  meramu 
dalam  badan :  what  builds  a  house  within  a 
house,  and  collects  the  materials  for  it  from 
its  own  body  ? — a  riddle,  to  which  the  answer 
is  **  a  spider;  "  Favre. 

Peramu  hayu :  a  firewood  collector ;  a  wood 
picker;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  38. 

ramah.  Familiarity;  effusive  or  studied 
friendliness ;  the  attempt  to  get  into  another's 
good  graces  whether  sincere  (as  a  husband's 
attentions  to  a  newly-married  wife),  Ht.  Gh.; 
or  forced  (as  the  studied  courtesies  of  diplo- 
macy), Ht.  Abd.,  460;  or  merely  impertinent 
(as  when  a  man  addresses  another  without  an 
introduction),  Sh.  Peng.,  18.  Ramah  perangai 
or  r.  lidah:  effusive  in  manner  or  speech; 
familiarity.  Perempuwan  itu  ramah  mulut-nya : 
that  woman  has  a  too  familiar  tongue ;  Ht. 
Ism.  Yat.,  154.  Tertawa  ramah:  to  laugh 
unrestrainedly;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  34. 

Beramah:  to  vie  in  friendliness — as  two 
merchants  trying  to  negotiate  a  bargain  ;  Sh. 
Peng.,  16.  B^ramah-ramahan  :  interchanging 
friendly  overtures — of  two  people  whose  in- 
terest it  is  to  be  friendly ;  Ht.  Abd.,  40,  460. 

Meramah-ramahi :  to  pay  attentions  to ;  to 
make  love  to. 

Peramah  or  p,  mulut :  over-familiarity;  im- 
pertinent familiarity. 


RAMAI 


[    318    ] 


RAWAT 


Jl> 


Jb 


o\, 


ramai.  Crowded;  populous;  numerously 
attended,  of  a  gathering ;  successful  or  enjoy- 
able, of  festivities  in  which  a  large  number  of 
persons  take  part.  Ramai-lah  sudah  n^geri 
Singapura :  the  town  of  Singapore  had  become 
a  much-frequented  resort;  Ht.  Abd*,  275. 
Ramai  berstika-sukaan :  general  festivities;  Ht. 
Ind.  Jaya.  Maka  teUkala  itu  raja  benuwa 
China  Ungah  ramai:  at  that  moment  the 
Emperor  of  China  was  in  the  midst  of  a 
general  audience;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Man- 
dong  pan  sudah  bBrknkok  ramai :  the  cocks  were 
generally  crowing;  the  cocks  were  everywhere 
crowing ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

BBramai'Vamaiyan :  in  large  numbers ;  with 
a  large  following.  Sang  Nila  Utama  hBndak 
pBrgi  btramai-ramaiyan  ka-Tanjong  BBmban: 
Sang  Nila  Utama  was  about  to  go  with  a  large 
following  (of  pleasure-seekers)  to  Tanjong 
Bemban;  Sej.  Mai.,  44. 

M^ramaikan  and  meramai-ramaikan :  to  give 
population  and  prosperity  to  a  place ;  to  cause 
a  festival  to  be  numerously  attended.  Ini-lah 
raja  yang  tiyada  iahu  meramaikan  dunya-nya : 
here  is  a  king  who  has  failed  to  give  prosperity 
to  his  world ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  302. 

In  one  passage  di-ramai-ramai-nya  has  the 
meaning  of  di-banyak-banyaki-nya,  or  "  being 
overborne  by  numbers"  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 


rami.  The  Rhea  or  China  grass,  a  well-known 
plant  from  the  fibre  of  which  tow,  ropes,  etc., 
are  made,  bahmeria  nivea, 

R.  betina :  a  small  tree,  macaranga  lowii. 

R,  hutan  and  r,  bukit:  names  given  to  several 
fibre-yielding  plants,  ficm  chartacea,  alchornea 
villosa^  etc. 

The  word  is  common  in  pantuns  as  a 
mechanical  rhyme  for  kanti;  Sh,  Bur.  Nuri, 
21;  Ht.  Koris,  etc. 


rana.  I.  Merana  or  rana  merana:  to  pine 
away ;  to  become  weaker  and  weaker — as  the 
result  of  unhappiness  or  of  lingering  disease. 
Sakit  merana :  wasting  or  lingering  disease ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  176.  Fikiran  mlrana:  gradual 
diminution  of  the  powers  of  thought ;  loss  of 
intellect;  Sh.  Lamp.,  25.  Badan  mh'ana 
karhta  diya :  it  is  on  his  account  that  my 
body  is  wasting  away ;  I  am  pining  for  him  ; 
Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  11. 

II.  [Skr,  rana.]     A  field  of  battle. 

III.  [Skr.  raina.1     A  princess.     Also  ratna 
and  rakna.     See  rakna, 

IV.  [Skr.  ratna.']     A  gem.     See  ratna. 

V.  Peta  rana  or  kotak  rana:  the  bridal  dais; 
V.  petarana. 

ranap.  I.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Meranap:  to 
crush  to  pieces,  of  hard  substances  such  as 
brickwork,  pottery,  sealing  wax,  etc.,  which 
crumble  under  great  pressure. 


o'\> 


fi^ 


yb 


i\ 


S 


,V 


^J\j 


II.  Just  visible  above  the  surface,  of  a 
thing  that  has  been  laid  low  as  opposed  to 
a  thing  which  is  just  visible  on  springing  up. 
Miranap:  to  be  laid  low,  as  padi  knocked 
down  by  heavy  floods,  or  as  a  house  blown 
down  by  a  hurricane. 

ranak.     A  tremulous  and  rapid  succession  of 
low  notes  in  playing  a  musical  instrument ; 


variation  of  note  to 
cession  of  low  notes, 
in  this  manner. 


a  swift  tremolo  or  suc- 
Bh'anak-ranak :  to  play 


ranum.  Maturity,  of  fruit ;  full  ripeness ;  ripe 
but  not  overripe  nor  merely  just  ripe.  Lak- 
Sana  buwah  yang  masak  ranum :  like  a  fruit  in 
the  richness  of  its  maturity ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  3. 

ranu.  I.  A  stagnant  pool  or  abandoned 
well ;  cf.  danaii. 

II.     A  wooden  scaffolding  used  in  breaking 
in  a  newly-caught  elephant. 


^\)    raneh.     A  plant,  lycopodium  planum ;  Favre. 


rani.  I.  Hind,  The  feminine  of  raja, — 
applied  to  the  wife  of  an  Administrator ;  Sh. 
Jub.  MaL,  II. 

II.  [Arab  ghann,  sound.]  Tune;  air; 
melody.  Rani  gambus  :  a  form  of  melody ;  a 
tune  to  which  Arabic  words  are  sung. 

rawa.  I.  A  bird  something  like  a  dove  or 
pigeon,  coltimba  littoralis ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  11 ; 
Sh.  Ch.  Ber.,  3 ;  Sh.  Ungg,  Bers.,  3. 

II.  A  round-topped  tree  with  thick-set, 
glossy,  dark-green  leaves ;  it  yields  an  edible 
fruit  and  good  wood;  Ht,  Koris;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
IIL,  98,  and  VIII.,  131. 

III.  Marshy  ground. 

IV.  Kain  rawa  :  (Riau,  Johor)  a  sack-cloth 
or  coarse  material  worn  by  female  mourners 
at  a  Chinese  funeral ;  (Singapore)  kain  kadut. 

The  word  rawa  is  also  used  of  a  kind  of 
shrimp-net  made  of  this  stuff. 

V.  The  name  of  a  Mandeling  district  in 
Sumatra. 

rawat.  I.  Jav,  Merawati:  to  supervise;  look 
over ;  inspect ;  to  visit  on  inspection  duty ;  = 
melawat.     Ng^rawat:  id. ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

11.  Merawat:  to  resume  one's  former  shape, 
after  transformation.  The  word  is  used  of  a 
god  resuming  his  divine  shape  after  visiting 
the  earth,  or  a  man  who  has  been  turned  into 
an  animal  resuming  human  form  when  the 
spell  has  been  removed.  Maka  Betara  Indira 
merawat'lah;  maka  Begawan  Narada  pun 
datang4ah  menyiramkan  ayer  utama  jiwa  itu 
kapada  mayat  sBgala  raja-raja :  the  great  god 
Indra  resumed  his  divine  shape  while  the 
Blessed  Narada  came  and  sprinkled  the  water 
of  life  over  the  dead  bodies  of  the  princes;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb.  Maka  Dewi  Durga  KBsoma  pun 
rawat4ah...kombali  mhijadi  dewa:  the  Goddess 
Dewa  Kesoma  resumed  her  divinity  and  re- 
verted to  the  form  of  a  Goddess;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 


RAWIT 


[    319    ] 


RAWI 


This  word  is  literary;  but  the  form  mwat 
is  known  colloquially  in  the  sense  of  a  jadi- 
jadiyan  resuming  human  form. 


sl^^j  rawit. 
involve 


^fb 


t^J 


b'V 


jy\^ 


I.      Extending   a   slander    so   as   to 
persons    not   originally    mentioned ; 

involving  additional  persons  in  a  false  charge; 

cf,  babit  and  rabit. 


II.  (Singapore.)     Slightly  torn;  =  rabit, 

III.  Chabai  rawit:  a  capsicum,  capsicum 
fastigiattmi.  Also  known  as  lada  kerawit  and 
lada  chanchang, 

raut.  Smoothing;  cutting  off  the  asperities 
of  anything.  Pisaii  raut:  a  knife  with  a 
curved  blade  used  for  this  purpose;  Ht. 
Bakht.,  51;  J.  I.  A.,  I.,  321;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub., 
13;  Sh,  Pant.  Shi.,  10,  11,  12.  Pisau  raid 
bengkok  buleh  bUul,  bengkok  kita  ta'-btdeh  bettd : 
a  crooked  knife  may  be  straightened,  a 
crooked  character  cannot  be  made  straight ; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  108. 

rawang.  I.  A  hole  or  orifice  permitting  the 
sight  to  penetrate  to  regions  behind — such 
as  a  gap  in  a  hedge  or  a  blank  space  in  a 
row  of  trees. 

Kerawang :  fret-work;  open  work;  carving, 
the  designs  of  which  are  cut  right  through 
the  wood. 


A  swamp. 
The  name  of  a  plant  (unidentified). 


11. 

III. 

IV.  The  ceremonial  washing  of  a  corpse. 
Merawang :  to  wash  the  body  for  burial. 

raung.  (Onom.)  A  prolonged  deep-sounding 
cry  of  pain — as  distinct  from  shrieking  or 
broken  sobs ;  a  roar  of  agony.  Segala  rating 
dan  ratap  mamisiya :  all  the  cries  and  lamenta- 
tions of  men;  Ht,  Abd.,  411. 

Meraung :  to  cry  out  in  pain.  Suwara-nya 
meratmg  saperti  bunyi  suwara  anjing :  his  voice 
as  he  cried  out  in  pain  was  as  the  cry  of  a 
dog;  Ht.  KaL  Dam.,  255.  Sambil  meraung 
menyeni  akan  siiwami-nya :  and  she  cried  out 
in  agony  and  called  upon  her  husband  (to 
help  her) ;  Ht.  Best. 


raup.  As  much  as  a  man  can  hold  in  the 
hollow  formed  by  putting  his  hands  together ; 
the  act  of  setting  the  hands  together  so  as  to 
form  a  kind  of  scoop  for  raising  water  to  the 
mouth  or  for  any  similar  purpose ;  the  hollow 
so  formed  ;  the  action  of  a  cat  or  feline  beast 
of  prey  when  it  turns  its  front  paws  inwards 
so  as  to  prevent  its  prey  escaping ;  in  a  man, 
the  deformity  of  feet  which  turn  inward.  In 
one  case  the  word  is  used  of  catching  the 
spirit  of  life  (simangat)  and  gathering  it 
between  the  two  hands;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  55, 

Meraup :  to  scoop  up  with  both  hands ;  to 
hold  between  the  hands.  Intan  hampir 
beraup :  diamonds  almost  in  double  handfuls. 


3A> 


ry\> 


A 


Oj)l) 


Oi^A 


^yj 


rawak.  I.  Tembak  rawak :  (Riau,  Johor) 
firing  in  the  air ;  =  (Kedah)  tembak  gawar. 

II.     Gula  di-rawak :  a  colloquial  variant  of 
gala  derawa  ;  v,  derawa. 

raum.  I.  Onom.  A  deep  crooning  or  moan- 
ing sound  made  by  the  voice,  whether  in 
lamentation  or  otherwise.  Meraum-raum :  to 
croon ;  to  give  a  soft  soothing  tone  to  the 
voice  (of  a  man  making  love  to  a  frightened 
girl) ;  Ht.  Sg,  Samb. 

II.     Rapacity.     Meraum  :  to  want  the  whole 
of  anything ;  to  be  rapacious  in  one's  demands. 


Oy^j    raun.     Eng.     Police  or  military  rounds. 


rawan.  I.  Emotion — especially  the  emo- 
tions roused  by  music;  the  tenderness  of 
love;  deep  feelings  of  pleasure  or  sorrow. 
Memberi  rawan  :  to  move ;  to  rouse  emotion  ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Terlahi  rawan  hati-nya :  he 
was  much  moved  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Bhiambah 
rawan  :  to  increase  emotion ;  to  rouse  the 
feelings  to  a  higher  pitch;  J.  I.  A.,  III.,  448, 
Jangan  berhati  rawan :  do  not  give  way  to 
your  feelings;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  20. 

Merawan  :  to  charm ;  to  stir  the  emotions ; 
to  be  moved ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  i ;  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub.  Merawan-rawan  :  id.  (intensitive) ; 
Sh.  Peng.,  I ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  41. 

II.  Tulang  rawan:  (Riau,  Johor)  the 
sternum  or  breastbone;  (Kedah)  tulang papan. 

III.  A  numeral  coefficient  for  articles  made 
of  cordage  or  string,  such  as  nets. 

IV.  Merawan:  to,  or  in,  the  clouds,  an 
equivalent  of  b^rawan,  from  awan^  q.  v. ; — in 
the  expression  tinggi  merawan :  soaring  to 
the  clouds. 

V.  Nasi  rawan :  (Singapore)  a  dish  where 
the  rice  and  other  ingredients  are  served  up 
mixed  and  not  separately  as  is  usually  the  case. 

VI.  Pasir  rawan:  (Kedah)  sand  in  shining 
stretches;  sandy  soil  unbroken  by  scrub  or 
other  vegetation. 

rauh.     See   rahti. 

rawah.  I.  A  partnership  where  one  partner 
supplies  his  labour  and  another  supplies  the 
capital;  the  financing  of  an  undertaking  on 
the  condition  that  one  receives  a  share  of  the 
profits  and  not  merely  a  fixed  rate  of  interest. 

II.     A  fen ;  =  rawang  and  rawa, 

rawi.  I.  Skr.  Rawi  s^rengga:  "ray  of  the 
sun;"  a  name  given  to  Sri  Panji  to  match 
that  of  his  betrothed,  Chandra  Kirana,  or 
**  brightness  of  the  moon.'* 

II.  Arab.  A  narrator;  a  story-teller ;i^an 
equivalent  of  sdhibu'Uhikdyat  or  orang  yang 
empunya  chSritera  ini,  when  used  as  the 
editorial  **  we,"  ** the  writer;"  Sej.  Mai.,  98; 
Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  35. 


RAWAI 


[    320    ] 


RAYAU 


i^yj 


C-A); 


Cfl^ 


aa\ 


:; 


AA.\, 


y^b 


L^b 


rawai.  I.  A  contrivance  for  catching  fish. 
This  contrivance  consists  of  a  number  of 
unbaited  sharp  hooks  hanging  very  close  to 
one  another  and  catching  any  fish  w^hich 
attempts  to  pass  among  them, 

Mirawai :  to  catch  fish  in  this  way. 

IL     Mirawai :  (Penang)  to  go  begging  from 
door  to  door ;  (Singapore)  meradai, 

rahat.  L  A  native  loom  ;  a  machine  worked 
by  hand  for  making  sarongs  and  other  native 
fabrics. 


^b 


IL     (Malacca  and  Selangor.) 
a   general   fall    (of  durians) ; 


Gugor  rahat : 
a  sudden   and 
extensive  (or  untimely)  fall,  of  fruit  from  a 
tree;  Ht.  Abd.,  414. 


rahang.  I.  The  jaw.  TuUmg  rahang :  the 
jawbone. 

IL  Merahang :  to  smell  foully  :  to  be  filthy, 
of  a  stench. 

rahap.  L  Kain  rahap :  an  outer  covering 
or  pall  thrown  over  a  corpse  at  a  funeral  but 
not  buried  with  it. 

1 1.  Falling  in  (of  a  house) ;  coming  down 
on  its  foundations, — as  opposed  to  falling  to 
one  side  or  another;  tumbled  down  (of  a 
roof). 


rahip.     [Arab.  v^---i\^  .]     Disappearance. 
dah  rahip  :  it  has  vanished. 


Su- 


rahu.  Skr.  A  monstrous  serpent  or  dragon 
which  (according  to  native  belief)  is  ever 
seeking  to  swallow  the  moon.  Bulan  di-makan 
rahu :  the  moon  being  eaten  by  the  dragon ; 
an  eclipse,  of  the  moon  ;   Ht.  Abd.,  356. 

This  belief  in  the  cause  of  eclipses  is  borrow- 
ed from  the  ancient  Indians;  the  story  of  the 
fate  of  this  dragon  and  of  its  hostility  to  the 
moon  is  given  in  the  Mahabharata. 

rahi.  Passion ;  love.  Menanggong  r. :  to  be 
in  love ;  Sh.  Ch.  Ber.,  6,  The  correct  form 
is  berahi  or  birahi,  =  Jav.  wirahi ;  the  form 
rahi  occurs  as  the  result  of  a  mistaken  belief 
that  berahi  is  a  derivative  with  ber-,  and  not 
a  primitive  form. 

raya.  Great,  solemn,  magnificent — used  in 
certain  idioms  only. 

Badak  r. ;   the  largest  variety  of  rhinoceros. 

Bulan  pBrnarna  r. :  the  full  moon  at  its 
brightest;    Ht.   Sri   Rama. 

Bunga  r, :  the  name  of  a  flower ;  the 
cultivated    hibiscus;    Ht.    Abd.,   313. 

Burofig  r, :  the  name  of  a  bird ;  Sh.  Bur. 
Nuri,   7;    Sh.   Kumb.   Chumb.,   20. 

Dewata  muliya  r. ;  the  great  and  mighty 
Divinity;  God,  in  ancient  romances;  the 
Gods  generally;  Ht.  Sg,  Samb.;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  27 ;   Ht.  Mas  Ed.;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


LH^b 


^^ 


^J 


Gindang  r, :  the  big  drum  in  a  royal  band, 
the  drum  of  assembly  used  for  calling  the 
ryots  together;  Sej.  Mai.,  102;  Ht.  Raj. 
SuL,  10.  This  name  is  also  sometimes 
given  to  the  hedok  or  drum  for  calling 
the  people  to  Mosque.  Gindang  raya  bunyi 
deraSf  ia'-tahu  diri-nya  berongga  :  the  big  drum 
beats  quickly,  it  does  not  reaHze  its  own 
emptiness ;  a  fool  talks  loudly  and  does  not 
see  what  a  fool  he  is  making  of  himself;  Prov. 

Gong  r.:   a  large  gong;   Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Gunong  r,:  a  name  often  given  to  lofty 
peaks,  e,  g".,  to  the  highest  peak  in  the 
Langkawi    Islands. 

Hari  r.:  a  holiday.  Ht.  Abd.,  441.  B^r- 
hari  r.:  to  make  a  holiday  of  anything ;  to  be 
festive;  see  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  178.  Hari  raya 
besar :  the  great  festival  succeeding  the  fasting 
month.  Hari  raya  kechil :  the  Hajis'  festival 
or  hari  raya  haji, 

Hantu  r,:  an  evil  spirit  (of  varying  appear- 
ance) believed  to  be  the  offspring  of  a 
human  being  and  a  demon.  This  spirit  is 
believed  to  live  in  incest  with  its  mother  and 
to  betray  any  wizard  who  employs  it. 

Ikan  r,:  a  leviathan;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  35. 

Jalan  r,  :  the  high  road ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  26. 

Jambu  r.  :  a  large  jambu  fruit. 

Pisang  r.  :  a  large  variety  of  banana. 

Rimba  r, :  primeval  jungle;  Ht.  Koris.  Orang 
rimba  raya  :  a  jungle  dweller ;  an  outcast. 

Snka  r,  :  high  festival ;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  23, 
61.  Also  suka  riya  (which  is  the  more  usual 
colloquial  form), 

Tanah  r,  :  the  main ;  the  continent ;  the 
mainland. 


rais.    To  sweep 
off  a  table. 


off  as   one   sweeps   crumbs 


rayang.  Dizziness ;  light-headedness ;  the 
condition  of  a  man  who,  after  a  blow  on  the 
head,  walks  along  swaying  from  side  to  side, 
but  is  not  absolutely  incapacitated  ;  swaying 
or  bowing;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  17.  Also 
gerayang, 

rayap.     I.     Crawling,  creeping,  of  insects. 

Merayap  :  to  creep, — of  an  insect  or  plant ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  88. 

Tirayap-rayap :  to  spread  as  a  creeper;  Sh. 
Bur.  Nuri,  20. 

IL  (Batav.  and  Jav.,  but  understood  in 
Riau  and  Johor.)  The  white  ant,  termes. 
Also  semui  puteh  and  anai-anai. 


ij»*M    raip.  =  rahip  and  ghdib,  q. 


rayau.  Mirayau  :  to  take  a  wrong  path  or  a 
path  other  than  the  one  originally  intended ; 
to  wander  off  at  a  tangent ;  to  travel  without 
method  or  design. 


J 


^\)  rayu.  Influence  on  the  feelings;  wooing; 
coaxing ;  the  rousing  of  emotion ;  to  touch 
the  heart ;  touching,  of  music ;  plaintive, 
Telah  durinoh  rayu  :  coaxed  and  persuaded. 
Berbagai-hagai'lah  di-pujok  dan  di-rayu  uleh 
puteri  Chandirawati :  he  was  coaxed  and 
wooed  by  the  princess  Chandrawati  in  many 
ways ;  Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  130.  Naftri  negara 
bunyi-nya  rayu  :  the  strains  of  the  flutes  and 
drums  were  affecting  ;  Sh.  Bid.,  128. 

Merayu :  to  entrance  ;  to  influence  (the  feel- 
ings).  Merayu  hati  or  merayu  jiwa  :  to  affect 
—as  strains  of  music  influence  the  feelings ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

AjAj  raih.  Drawing  towards  oneself;  taking — in 
contradistinction  to  giving. 

Pekerjaan  tolak  raih :  ( a  phrase  to  which 
several  meanings  are  attached,  literally  **  give 
and  take ;  "  )  the  chaffering  of  two  merchants 
in  the  market,  the  buyer  taking  and  the  seller 
giving  the  article ;  the  work  of  a  man  who 
earns  money  by  buying  produce  cheaply  in 
the  country  and  carrying  it  himself  to  market 
to  sell  at  current  rates ;  the  work  of  a  boat- 
man, since  it  consists  of  eternally  drawing  an 
oar  towards  himself  and  then  pushing  it  away 
from  himself  again.  Malang  ta'-buleh  dt4olak, 
mujor  ta'-buleh  di-raih  :  bad  luck  cannot  be 
pushed  awa}^  good  luck  cannot  be  drawn  to 
one ;  Prov. 

4jiU    rayah.     I.    Weak  from  old  age  ;  KL,  v.  d.  W. 
II.     To  rob;  to  plunder;  to  confiscate;  KL, 
Cr.,  F. 

jy\j  ranyau.  Meranyau :  (Riau,  Trengganu)  to 
cleanse  a  well  by  stirring  up  and  imparting 
a  circular  motion  to  the  water  and  so  cleaning 
the  well-wall,  the  dirty  water  being  rapidly 
emptied  out  afterwards,  and  the  well  left  to 
gradually  refill. 


<»\  J   ranyah 


VJ 


v^J 


V 


Meranyah  :  to  pick  small  pieces  of 
food  here  and  there  out  of  the  dishes,  as  an 
unmannerly  man  who  will  not  wait  for  a  plate 
before  helping  himself. 

rabb.  Arab.  Master  ;  lord.  The  word  is  of 
common  occurrence  in  compound  expressions 
descriptive  of  the  attributes  of  God.  In  invo- 
cations the  form  rabbi  is  used ;  v.  rabbi. 

RabbnH-'dlamin:  the  Lord  of  all  Worlds; 
God ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 

Rabbu'l'izzati :  the  Lord  of  Honour;  God; 
Sh.  Rej.,  i;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  16;  Sh.  Bur. 
Nuri,  6. 

Rabbu'Ughafur  :  the  Lord  Almighty ;  God ; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  394. 

rSba.  Branches  or  faggots  left  on  the  ground 
when  a  path  is  cut  through  the  jungle,  or 
when  a  tree  is  felled  ;  fallen  wood  or  timber  ; 
the  French  abaitis. 


VI)    riba.     Arab.     Usury;  v.  riba, 

i>uj    rabab.     Arab.     A  native  fiddle  or  viol.     Also 
arbab  and  harbab, 

Rabdb   di4arek  uleh    biduwan^ 
A  kan  pingulit  raja   beradu : 

the  singer  was  playing  the  viol   to  lull  the 
raja  to  sleep  ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

Tempuroiig  r,  :  the  drum  of  a  fiddle ;  the 
shell.  Di-ambil-nya  tengkorak-nya  di-perbuwat 
tanpurong  rabdb  :  he  took  the  man's  skull  and 


made  of  it   the   drum  of  a   fiddle ;  Ht. 
Rama. 


Sri 


jJ^Uj  rebana.  A  musical  instrument  something 
like  a  tambourine  or  tabor.  Memukul  r,  ;  to 
play  the  tambourine;  Sh.  Peng.,  5.  Memalu 
r. ;  id.  ;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  8,  The  Malay  tam- 
bourine is  plain  and  has  no  bells  or  other 
jingling  contrivances  attached  to  it. 

^JVIJ  rubbana.  [Arab,  mbban.]  Lordly ;  possess- 
ing lordship ;  divine.  Tuhan  rubbana  :  God  ; 
the  Lord  God ;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  39. 

Jb  X    rabbani.     Arab.     Appertaining  to  the   Lord ; 
-   *        divine.     Tuhan  rabbani :   the  Lord  God  ;  Sh. 

May.,   20;    Sh.    Maul.    Nabi,    11;    Ht.   Gul. 

Bak.,  142. 


*J    rSbab.     See  rabdb. 

M  rSbat.  Closing  to  traffic  ;  closing  or  shutting 
off  by  means  of  any  obstacle,  as  vehicular 
traffic  is  stopped  by  a  barricade  drawn  across 
a  road,  or  as  a  gate  is  closed  by  branches 
being  nailed  across  it,  or  as  climbing  a  tree 
is  rendered  impossible  by  fastening  thorns 
round  the  trunk.  Maka  tdeh  si-chelaka  itu  di- 
ambil-nya  segala  duri  di-r^bat-nya  pohun  ara 
itu :  the  rascal  collected  all  the  thorns  he 
could  get  and  fastened  them  round  the  tree 
(so  as  to  prevent  his  wife  descending  from  her 
position  on  the  tree)  ;  Ht.  Mash.,  35. 

MerBbat :  to  close  any  passage  by  the  use 
of  an  obstruction  ;  to  stop  traffic. 

•\j  rSbut.  Snatching  ;  rending  or  tearing  away  ; 
plundering;  struggling  for  the  possession  of 
anything. 

Berebut :  to  snatch,  to  struggle  for  anything 
by  pulling  at  it;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Merebut :  id.; 
Ht.  Abd.,  364.  Merebutkan:  id.;  Ht.  Abd., 
205.  Perebutkan :  Ht,  Ind.  Jaya.  Ada-kah 
patut  sa-orang  perempuwan  di -perebutkan  dengan 
orang  yang  berpuloh-ptdoh  saperti  anjing  mere- 
butkan tulang :  is  it  right  that  a  woman  should 
be  seized  and  struggled  over  by  scores  (lit. 
tens)  of  men  as  dogs  struggle  over  a  bone  ? 
Marsd. 

Berebut-rebutan :  (frequentative)  struggling 
over;  snatching;  Ht.  Raj.  Bud.,  48  ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  8.    MMbut-r^butan :  id.,  Sh.  Lamp.,  20. 


41 


rSbas 


[  322  ] 


r£tas 


crL> 


u^J 


fe- 


rdbas.  I.  Ruined;  fallen  into  ruins,  of  a 
house  or  fence,  but  not  of  anything  except 
wooden  erections. 

II.     R^bus-ribas:  (Onom.)    V.  rSbtiS, 

rSbus.  I.  Boiling  with  the  water,  as  dis- 
tinct from  boiling  the  water  first  and  immers- 
ing the  thing  to  be  boiled  in  the  heated  water ; 
boiling,  as  a  fowl  is  boiled  and  not  as  an  egg 
is  boiled. 

Ayam  rebus:  boiled  fowl,  KHadi  rebus: 
boiled  calladium ;  Pel.  Abd.,  35.  RBbusan : 
boiled  food.     Ribushan:  to  boil;  Ht.  Abd,,  76. 

II.  RBbus-rebas:  (Onom.)  the  sound  of 
rushing  air.     Also  keribus-kirebas. 


rSbong.  The  young  shoot  of  the  bamboo, 
usually  edible.  Pantang  akan  buwah  jantong 
segala  haiwdn  dan  rebong :  one  is  forbidden  to 
eat  the  heart  of  any  animal  or  the  shoot  of  a 
bamboo;  Muj.,  6g.  Pada  tetekala  rebong  ft- 
yada  dipatah  maka  ketika  sudah  minjadi  aur 
apa-kah  gtma-nya :  if  you  do  not  break  it  off  as 
a  young  shoot,  of  what  use  will  it  be  to  try  to 
break  it  as  a  bamboo  ? — a  proverb  signifying 
that  if  bad  habits  are  not  corrected  in  the  boy 
they  will  be  incorrigible  in  the  adult;  Ht. 
Abd.,  477  ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  68. 

Ptichok  r, :   chevrons  in  succession  ;  a  sort  of 
herring-bone  pattern  in  art. 

r^bak.      Large,  of  the  figures  on  any  pattern  ; 

spreading ;  loud,  of  sounds  which  can  be  heard 
some  way  oflF;  extending,  of  a  disease  or  dis- 
coloration of  the  skin.  Merebak :  to  spread 
— of  a  perfume. 

rSbok.     Merebok  :  to  fester — of  a  sore. 


rSban.  I.  (Riau,  Johor.)  The  empty  space 
below  a  house  when  used  as  a  fowl-house ;  a 
fowl-house  generally  ;=(Kedah)  lau.  Ayam 
itek  sunyi  di-reban :  the  poultry  are  left  by  them- 
selves in  the  fowl-house;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

II.     Falling  into  ruins,  falling  to  pieces — of 
a  ruined  house ;  cf.  rSba  and  ribah. 


4j%  rSbah.  The  act  of  falling ;  a  fall  when  the 
result  of  one's  own  act  or  condition,  or  of 
external  pressure;  falling,  as  opposed  to 
dropping,  casting,  or  throwing  down.  Ribah 
pengsan :  falling  as  the  result  of  giddiness  or 
faintness  ;  falling  in  a  faint.  Rebah  rBmpah  : 
stumbling  and  falling ;  falling  and  endeavour- 
ing to  recover  oneself  only  to  fall  again. 
RBbah  rBmpah  bangun  lari  juga:  stumbling 
and  falling  and  picking  oneself  up  to  start 
running  again ;  stumbling  progress ;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah.  Sokong  membawa  rebah :  the  support 
causes  the  fall ;  to  put  one's  trust  in  a  real 
enemy ;  Prov.  Dapat  Ubu  rebah :  to  find  the 
sugar-cane  ready  fallen  for  us  ;  extreme  luck  ; 
Prov. 


w^J 


oi> 


utj 


^J 


""J 


Rebahkan  and  mMbahkan :  to  give  a  down- 
ward motion  to.  MBrSbahkan  dirt :  to  throw 
oneself  down  (on  the  ground  or  on  any  one's 
lap);  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Mire- 
bahkan  tombak  :  to  ground  arms,  i.e.,  pikes ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Merebahkan  jogan :  to  lower 
the  standards ;  Ht.  Koris. 


^j  rabi*.  [Arab.:  spring;  verdure.]  RabVuH-aw- 
wal  and  rabVu  l-akhir :  the  names  of  two 
months  in  the  Muhammadan  calendar. 

rat.  I.  Constriction;  pressure  all  round; 
reduction  to  small  compass.  Tanah  r.  :  earth 
that  has  been  wetted  and  firmly  stamped 
down — as  opposed  to  loose  earth.  Sa-glng- 
gam  r. :  a  firm  handful ;  as  much  as  one  can 
hold  in  the  tightly-closed  hand. 

Che^  Hawa   berjalan  malam, 
Malam  orang  beranak  stUong ; 

Enche'   ta'-tahu  sawa  rhtdam 
Di-rat  harimau   matt   Urgulong : 

you  do  not  know  the  water  python ;  a  tiger 
will  perish  if  wrapped  in  the  pressure  of  its 
coils. 

Mengerat :  to  apply  pressure  round  a  body. 

11.  (Kawi.)  The  world.  Jaya  ning-rat : 
victorious  in  the  land ;  a  title  of  honour  in 
Javanese  romances. 


^j  rot  or  mt.  I.  Capability;  endurance ;=/^ra^. 
Tiyada  rot :  inability  to  stand  (anything) ;  = 
ta^'larat. 

11.  Pressure;  squeezing;  crushing;  the 
application  of  pressure  nearly  all  round  an 
object,  but  not  all  round. 

Di-jawat  uleh  anak  perdana, 
Bernama   Radin  Ratna   Sari; 

Hati'ku  rot   bagaikan  /and, 
Menaroh  dendam  sa-hari-hari : 

my  heart  is  crushed  to  the  point  of  breaking, 
enduring  this  longing  for  days  after  days ;  Sh. 
Pant.  Shi.,  8. 

\; .    r6ta.       [Skr.  artha.]       Property,  wealth ;    a 


variant  of  hMa,  q.  v. 


Ji.  rdtas.  Breaking  or  giving  way  under  slight 
^"^-^  pressure;  the  breaking  of  an  old  piece  of 
string  or  of  a  seam  in  an  old  suit  of  clothes. 
Miritas:  to  open  an  old  seam  by  gentle 
blows  with  the  edge  of  a  knife,  tne  worn 
thread  offering  little  resistance. 

Also  (Kedah)  rBntas.  Cf.  titas  (which  refers 
to  splitting  or  breaking  when  there  is  no 
inherent  weakness  in  the  material  broken)  and 
putus. 


r£tak 


[  323  ] 


R&JOE 


^J 


rStak.     A  small  crack  (as  shown  by  a  mere 

line)  in  contradistinction  to  a  rift  or  crevice 
however  small  (rekah) ;  the  cracks  or  lines 
on  the  porcelain  surface  of  a  plate  after 
exposure  to  heat;  the  lines  on  the  fingers. 
Retak  menchari  belah:  the  crack  awaits  the 
fissure — a  proverbial  expression  correspond- 
ing to  the  English  '*  the  rift  within  the  lute." 
Ritak  menanti  p^chah;  another  form  of  the 
same  proverb. 

Nasi   ta'-dingin,  pinggan   ta' -retak; 
&ngkau  ta'-ingin,   aku  ta'-hendak : 

if  the  rice  is  not  cold,  the  plate  is  not 
cracked;  if  you  have  no  desire  for  me,  I 
feel  no  inchnation  for  you ;  a  proverbial 
expression,  the  first  line  of  which  is  often 
used  for  the  second,  as  a  proposal  to 
amicably  break  off  a  liaison  when  the  passion 
has  cooled  down  on  both  sides. 

Siput  retak  sa-ribu  (also  simpty  siptit  and 
retak  tangan)  :  the  narrow  lines  or  markings 
on  the  hand ;  the  lines  which  serve  the 
purposes  of  the  teller  of  fortunes  by  palmistry. 

R,  btji  timun :  these  lines  when  they  meet 
at  the  extremities  and  enclose  a  lozenge- 
shaped  centre. 

R.  tangga  mas:  lines  across  the  fingers  at  the 
joints, — when  those  lines  are  of  different 
lengths. 

R,  tembuku  jari :  parallel  lines  at  the  knuckles 
when  they  stretch  right  across  the  fingers. 

Ritak  is  sometimes  used  of  the  deep  furrows 
or  wrinkles  on  the  forehead,  and  of  the  lines 
between  the  folds  on  the  neck,  but  ketak 
(Riau,  Johor)  is  more  correct  in  this  sense. 


C^J 


rgtok.    MBretok . 

ought  to  be  joining 

one's  share   of  duty ;  to  leave  everything  to 

one's  partners  and  associates;  KL,  v.  d.  W. 


to  sit  and  look  on  when  one 
in  the  work;  to  avoid 


\xjj    ratakdi.     Arab.     Mulier  coeunti  impervia 


rStal.     Saffron.     Also  hartal, 

rStin.     [Dutch  nnten.]     Diamonds   (the  suit 
in  playing  cards).     Also  rattn  and  retin. 


ratna  or  rgtna.  [Skr.  ratna.]  A  jewel ;  a 
princess.  Tuwan  puteri  Ratna  Dewi  anak  raja 
Feringgi :  the  princess  Ratna  Dewi,  daughter 
of  the  King  of  the  Franks;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 
Ratna  pekacha :  transparent  gem;  gem  of  pure 
water;  —  a  term  of  endearment;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  13.  Ratna  mntu 
ma'nikam:  gems  of  all  sorts,  —  a  common 
expression  in  romances. 

The  variants  ra'na  and  rakna  also  occur. 


^j  rSteh.  I.  Mereteh  :  to  form  little  watery 
vesicles,  as  certain  festering  sores  and  erup- 
tions on  the  skin. 

II.  A  crackling  sound ;  the  roll  of  musketry 
when  one  gun  goes  off  immediately  after 
another ;  the  sound  of  Chinese  crackers. 


JV. 


rj 


III.  Mereteh:  to  jump  up  and  down;  to 
fidget.  Udang  meriteh  dalam  ianggok:  prawns 
leaping  in  a  basket-trap, — a  simile  for  restless- 
ness; Prov. 

B^ras  birBteh:  parched  rice;  rice  cooked 
in  a  certain  way  which  causes  the  grains  to 
leap  up  and  down. 

rij&l.  [Arab.  plur.  of  rdjtdun,  a  man.]  Men. 
RijdluH'ghdib  :  the  hidden  guardians  of 
human  destinies  ;  Sh.  Rej.,  5.  Kitahuwi  uleh- 
mu  bahuwa-sanya  rijaluH-ghatb  itti  auliyd  yang 
tershnbunyi  atas  burnt  ;  adalah  marika-itu 
memegang  dunya  dan  memSlihara  dunya  dan 
mamisiya  daripada  kena  mara-bahiya  jin  dan 
lain-nya  :  know  ye  that  the  RijaluH-ghdib  are 
the  hidden  vicegerents  of  God  upon  earth  ; 
they  control  the  world  and  protect  it  and  its 
inhabitants  from  perils,  from  evil  spirits  and 
similar  evils.  ^ 


^.    rajab.      Arab.      The    name   of    one  of    the 
months  in  the  Muhammadan  calendar. 


jf>-j 


ruju'.     Arab.     Return  ;  v.  rojok. 

rSjang.  I.  An  astrological  term;  the  name 
of  a  series  of  symbols  (one  for  each  day  of  the 
month)  which  are  supposed  to  represent  the 
influences  affecting  the  fortunes  of  the  day. 
Ketika  r.  :  time  according  to  the  r^jang  ; 
lucky  and  unlucky  days  according  to  this 
system  of  fortune  telling.  Sha'ir  r, :  the  name 
of  a  poem  dealing  with  this  system  of  telling 
fortunes, 

II.  A  spring  forward. 

Sa-r^jang  kuda  bMari :  as  much  as  a  horse 
can  cover  at  a  gallop — a  common  expression 
for  a  short  distance,  Sa-rejang  kuda  birlari, 
sa-yujana  mata  mBmandang,  sa-lelah  burong 
terbang,  sa-elok  makan  piluru  mhiyam  :  as  far 
as  a  horse  can  gallop,  as  far  as  the  eye  can 
clearly  see,  as  far  as  a  bird  can  fly  without 
weariness,  as  far  as  a  cannon-ball  can 
effectively  carry ; — expressions  representing 
a  distance  of  one,  two  or  three  miles  or  there- 
abouts. 

III.  A  tree,  acr onychia  laurifolia  or  alstonia 
scholaris. 

IV.  The  name  of  some  districts  and  tribes 
in  southern  Sumatra. 

rSjok.  Leaping  by  crouching  down  and  then 
springing  up;  leaping  without  the  impetus 
acquired  by  a  run  ;  a  standing  jump  in  con- 
tradistinction to  a  running  jump  ;  a  spring 
such  as  that  of  a  cat  or  tiger  ;  a  leap  into 
the  air  such  as  that  of  a  bird,  which  springs 
up  against  the  wind  before  beginning  to  fly. 
MBrejok :  to  spring  or  leap  in  this  way ;  to 
jump  from  a  confined  place  (especially  of 
jumping  out  of  a  boat.) 

I  Taken  from  a  printed  work  (on  divination)  the  name 
of  which  was  concealed  from  the  writer  of  this  dictionary. 


BIJAKSA 


[    324    ] 


rahIm 


^^y<i^j    lijaksa.      I.      [Skr.    adi-ak&a.l     A    Javanese 

title ;   Ht.  Sh.   The  usual  form  of  this  word 
is  jaksa,  q.  v. 


II.  A  flowering  tree  (elcsocarpus  speciosus  ?)  ; 
Ht.  Raj.  Bud.,  34;  Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  Perb. 
Jaya. 


S^. 


"J    r6j6ki.     [Arab,  ^jjj  .]     Daily  bread ;  a  collo- 
quial variant  of  the  form  rezBki,  q,  v. 


J>-j  rdjul.  Merejul:  (Kedah)  to  project,  of  the 
head  first  appearing  out  of  an  orifice  ;  (Riau, 
Johor)  minjirojoL 


r- 


V 


rfijam.  [  Arab,  raj  am,  the  punishment  of 
stoning.]  The  punishment  of  stoning,  which 
consisted  in  partially  burying  an  adulterous 
woman  in  a  pit  and  casting  stones  at  her  till 
she  was  crushed  or  suffocated  under  their 
weight.  Colloquially,  the  word  means  to 
throw  (among  the  Malays  of  Riau  and 
Johor),  and  to  thrust  down  and  suffocate 
under  water  or  mud  (among  the  Malays  of 
Kedah). 

Di-rabut  buwaya,  masok   ka-lobok, 
Rejam   di-selut  jadi  serebok  : 

carried  off  by  a  crocodile,  thrust  into  its  hole, 
suffocated  in  mud  and  crushed  to  a  pulp. 

In  Menangkabau  rajam  is  used  of  punish- 
ment by  putting  a  man  in  a  barrel  studded 
with  nails  and  rolling  the  barrel  along.  This 
meaning  appears  in  a  passage  :  rejam  di4ikam 
tileh  dtiri  :  being  pricked  to  death  by  thorns  ; 
Ht.  Best. 


rgjan.  Pain  in  evacuations ;  painful  strain- 
ing when  easing  oneself;  a  disease  in  fowls, 
one  of  the  symptoms  of  which  is  the  pain 
which  the  fowls  appear  to  suffer  in  their 
evacuations;  dysentery;    Hay.  Haiw. 

Batok  r, :   whooping-cough. 


^Jy>'J  rajuna.  [  Skr.  arjtma,  ]  The  name  of  a 
hero  of  the  Mahabharata ;  usually  ranjunay 
q.  V. 


CrTj 


^j 


rfijah.  Walking  in  front  of  people  when 
etiquette  demands  that  one  should  pass  be- 
hind. Perejah:  an  unmannerly  fellow  who 
walks  about  a  room  without  paying  any 
regard  to  the  convenience  of  people  present. 


Cj^J    ^echana.      [Skr.   rachana,]     Tale;  narrative; 
usually  renchana,  q.  v. 


f-j  rechup.  Appearance  above  the  surface,  of 
the  hair  of  the  head  a  day  or  two  after  shaving, 
or  of  small  fish  when  skimming  along  the 
surface  of  the  water,  or  of  plants  when  the 
first  sprouts  appear. 


C^J 


^J 


>. 


'J 


O^J 


J 


rSchak.     Rechak-rechak  :  slight  pockmarks  or 

pimples  on  the  face ;  speckles,  as  contrasted 
with  deeply-marked  spots.     Also  cherSchak. 

Cf.  rechek. 

rSchek.       Slight     splashes    or  stains,   when 

dashed  up  by  a  blow  on  a  viscous  or  fluid 
substance ;  drops  of  mud  or  water  such  as 
strike  bystanders  when  a  carriage  passes  along 
a  muddy  street,  or  when  a  man  falls  into  the 
water. 

Merechek :  to  splash ;  to  send  drops  flying 
in  all  directions ;  to  show  drops  of  water  as 
if  one  had  been  splashed  (of  a  face  just  burst- 
ing into  perspiration).  Jamjam  merechek : 
standing  drops  of  perspiration  (expressed  in 
high-flown  language) ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg. 
Piloh  mBrechek  :  id.  (but  in  less  refined  diction); 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Datang4ah  segala  bint 
raja-raja  ttijoh  ptiloh  yang  tuwa-tuwa  memerechek 
Kubdd  Lela  Indera  dan  tuwan  puteri  dengan 
ayer  mawar :  there  came  seventy  aged  wives 
of  princes  who  splashed  rose-water  over 
Kubad  Lela  Indra  and  over  the  princess; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Sa-ekor  kerbau  membawa  himpor, 
habis  merechek  sa-rata-rata  :  one  buffalo  was 
covered  with  mud  and  he  has  bespattered 
every  thing ;  one  sinner  may  corrupt  a 
whole  crowd ;  Prov. 

Perechek  and  terperechek  :  splashed ;  dotted ; 
spotted.  Di'tepok  ayer  di-dulang^  terperechek 
mtika  sendiri  juga  :  slap  the  water  in  a  vessel 
and  you  will  only  get  your  own  face  splashed 
—a  proverbial  expression  signifying  that  in- 
juries to  one's  relatives  often  recoil  on  the 
perpetrator;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  52.  Kain  di- 
perechek  ayer  mas :  cloth  spotted  with  gold ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  12. 

rahL      Arab.      A     Koran     stand     or    native 
lectern.     Usually  pronounced  rehal. 

rahman.     Arab.       Merciful ;     compassionate. 

Ar-rahmdn :  the  merciful;  the  all-merciful; 
God.  Bi ' smi '  l-kihi '  r-rahmdni '  r-rahimi :  in 
the  name  of  God  the  merciful,  the  compas- 
sionate. 

rahmat.      Arab.       Mercy.       Mudah-mtidahan 

di-turunkan  Allah  htijan  rahmat-nya  danampun- 
nya :  may  God  allow  the  rain  of  his  mercy 
and  forgiveness  to  descend  (upon  her) ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  19. 

Pulang  ka-rahmat  A  llah  or  kombali  ka-rahmat 
Allah:  to  return  to  the  mercy  of  God;  a 
refined  way  of  saying  **  to  die;  "  Ht.  Abd.,  12. 

Cf.  rahman,  rahim  and  marhum. 


r-> 


rahim.       Arab.       Merciful ;     compassionate. 

Rahwi-nya  akan  budak  tin :  he  was  merciful 
to  the  boy ;  he  showed  kindness  to  the  boy. 
Ya  ghafuru'r-rahhn :  oh  Merciful  God — a 
common  heading  to  letters.  Ar-rahim :  the 
merciful;  the  all-compassionate;  God. 

Cf.  rahmdn,  rahmat  and  marhum. 


RUKH 


[    325    ] 


rIizSki 


t> 


^-j 


^h 


t"^ 


V-JJ 


'J 


u-9^ 


li-^j 


r^-^ 


rukh.  Arab.  A  fabulous  bird  of  monstrous 
size,  the  '*  Roc"  of  the  Arabian  Nights;  the 
castle  or  **  rook  "  in  playing  chess. 

rSda.  Abating;  lessening;  reduction;  dimi- 
nution,— used  especially  of  the  calming  of 
winds  and  waves  or  of  a  nuisance  being 
abated.  Reda4ah  sadikit  tiktis  itu :  the  rat- 
nuisance  became  somewhat  less;  Ht.  Abd., 
207.  Reda4ah  orang  mengamok  dan  membtmoh 
dan  merompak  :  amoks,  murders  and  robberies 
became  fewer  in  number;  Ht.  Abd.,  370. 

r6das.  Blindly  pushing  on  in  a  certain  direc- 
tion regardless  of  all  obstructions ;  swerving 
neither  to  the  right  nor  to  the  left,  but  keep- 
ing on  a  certain  course ;  making  a  **  bee  line  " 
for  any  other  place  or  object;  travelling  across 
country  as  the  crow  flies ;  charging  the  enemy 
with  blind  impetuosity. 

rfidang.  L  A  tree  with  wide  leaves  and 
fine  branches  (unidentified);  J.  S,  A.  S., 
VIIL,  128. 

II.     Tepid  ;  between  hot  and  cold ;  Kl. 

rMap.  I.  A  small  drum  beaten  with  the 
hands;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  79;  a  sort  of  tam- 
bourine smaller  than  the  rebana. 

II.  Meredap :  (Riau,  Johor)  springing  up 
plentifully,  of  prickly  heat  and  other  skin 
eruptions,  the  feature  of  which  is  a  large 
number  of  pustules ;  (Kedah)  to  spread  under 
the  flesh ;  to  eat  away  inwardly,  as  an  abscess 
which  gives  no  outward  sign  of  the  injury 
it  is  working  within. 


rSdup,  Dimmed,  obscured,  of  the  rays  of 
the  sun  ;  overcast ;  gloomy  weather.  Terang 
clmwacha  menjadi  redup :  the  brightness  (of 
day)  has  been  changed  into  gloom ;  Ht.  Abd., 
392.  Matahari  pun  redup-rednp  behasa :  the 
sun  was  slightly  clouded  over;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
Hart  ini  paiui-lah  redup  atau  panas  kcras :  to- 

^  day  should  be  either  very  overcast  or  very  hot, 
(a  remarkable  day  one  way  or  the  other) ;  a 
proverbial  expression  of  ridicule  to  a  man 
who  unexpectedly  appears  in  gorgeous 
raiment. 

redek.      Meredek :   to   warn   a   child    off    any 

course  of  conduct  by  means  of  threats  of 
punishment;  to  frighten  a  child  into  good 
behaviour. 


rddam.  I.  (Onom.)  A  rumbling  or  strum- 
ming sound ;  the  making  of  such  a  sound  ; 
strumming  or  drumming. 

II.  Faint  visibility;  the  appearance  pre- 
sented by  very  distant  objects.  Dengan 
sa-ketika  kapal  pun  redam :  in  a  moment  the 
ship  faded  away  in  the  distance ;  Sh.  Abd. 
Mk.,  28.  Redam-redam  ku  sangka  tamban : 
when  it  was  faintly  visible  I  took  it  for  a 
tamban  fish;  Sh,  Bur.  Nuri,  18. 


r'j 


Meredam :  to  appear  faintly  visible,  as  a  ship 
fading  away  on  the  horizon;  Ht.  Raj.  Don., 
22. 

III.  An  intensitive  of  expressions  signify- 
ing destruction  or  disappearance.  Reinok 
ridam :  crushed  to  atoms;  Ht.  Abd.,  447 ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb.;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri, 
40 ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  14.  Redam  padam : 
utterly  extinguished. 

rSdxim.      I.      Closing    (a  road) ;    drawing   a 
barrier  across  a  road  closing  it  to  traffic. 

II.  (Onom.)  A  sound  such  as  that  of  a 
large  and  heavy  body  plunging  into  water ; 
a  deep  plumping  or  booming  sound.  Cf. 
geredum,  geredam,  legtmi,  legarn^  redam,  etc. 

III.  (Kedah.)  Obscurity,  gloom;  the  dark- 
ness which  precedes  a  storm.  Datang4ah 
tedoh  reduin  dari  sa-belah  matahari  hidop :  a 
dark  cloud  began  to  gather  on  the  East ;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah.  The  word  redup  is  used  in  this 
sense  in  Riau  and  Johor;  in  Kedah  both 
redup  and  redum  are  used. 


f^^j    rSdan.     A  tree,  nephelium  maingayi ;  J.S.A.S., 
VIIL,  128;  J.  I.  A.,  I.,  331 ;  ^  redang? 

redah.     I.     Abatement,    diminution  ;  =  r^rf^, 
q.  V. 

II.  The  cutting  of  a  line  or  straight  track 
through  the  jungle. 

In  Kedah  redah  is  also  applied  to  the  case 
of  a  sapling  being  cut  down  to  denote  that 
the  land  is  being  cleared  and  so  to  claim  prior 
occupation.  Redah  is  used  of  the  mark  so 
made,  and  meredah  of  the  act  of  cutting.  As 
a  slang  expressionpjf  it  is  also  used  in  the  sense 
of  absconding,  bolting  or  running  away. 


cJ> 


'J 


^^j   redeh 


The  transplanting  of  seedlings  from 

the  nursery  to  the  padi-^ield. 


«— id«^  radif.  A^ab.  The  burden  of  a  song;  the 
rhyme.  Menchari  radif  tundok  tengadah :  seek- 
ing a  rhyme,  looking  down  and  looking  up  ; 
a  description  of  the  poet  in  difficulties ;  Sh. 
Lail.  Mejn.,  4. 


l3;j 


rdrak.      Crumbling   or   falling   to   pieces- 
hard,  stifi'or  crusty  materials  and  objects. 


-of 


^^\j    rezeki.       [Arab.    rizL]       Daily    sustenance; 

source  of  livelihood ;  daily  bread ;  lot  or 
portion  in  life.  Menchari  r. :  to  seek  one's 
livelihood — of  a  man;  Ht.  Abd.,  368;  to  seek 
its  daily  food — of  an  animal ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 
Memberi  r. :  to  grant  the  means  of  living;  to 
give  the  daily  bread — of  God.  Sunggoh-pim 
anak  raja  bernama  puteri  tetapi  sudah-lah  rezeki 
orang  yang  kechil :  although  she  was  the 
daughter  of  a  sovereign  and  bore  the  name 
of  princess  yet  she  fell  to  the  lot  of  a  man 
of  no  importance; — said  of  a  princess's 
mesalliance;  Ht.  Abd.,  409. 
Putus  r, :  loss  of  the  means  of  livelihood. 


RAS 


[    326    ] 


RASt^L 


ras.     L     [Hind,  ^j^j  .]     The  reins  of  a  horse, 
11.     (Onom.)     A  rustling  sound. 

ris.     L     The  rope  trimming  round  a  sail ;  the 
bolt-rope. 

II.      (Onom.)      A    rustling    sound,    rather 
sharper  in  tone  than  that  expressed  by  ras. 


rus.    (Onom.)     A  rustling  sound, 
that  expressed  by  ras  but  duller. 


similar  to 


rdsa.  The  impulse  of  physical  forces;  natural 
internal  motions  such  as  those  which  impel 
a  man  to  rid  himself  of  unassimilated  matter 
after  digestion,  or  as  the  impulse  towards 
labour  at  the  closing  term  of  pregnancy. 


AJu^    rasSilat.     Arab.     Apostleship. 


^iu, 


^J 


J^J 


risdiat.  Arab.  Mission ;  message ;  embassy ; 
missive.  RisdlaMUmuhabbat :  a  message  of 
affection ;  a  loving  missive, 

rSstong.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Ulceration  or 
phagedcena,  used  especially  of  ulceration  of 
the  nose  in  syphilis,  lupus  and  other  diseases; 
(Kedah)  risdong ;  (Menangk.)  ratung ;  (Jav.) 
lestrung. 

Rokok  r, :  native-made  cigarettes  wrapped 
in  the  leaves  of  certain  trees  which  are 
supposed  to  be  remedial  to  this  ulceration. 
Pokok  r. :  the  names  given  to  such  trees, 
taberncemontana  malaccensis  and  t,  corymbosa. 

rdstu.  I.  (In  literature  only.)  A  spell,  curse, 
or  blessing  laid  by  a  divinity  or  saint  upon 
any  person  in  cases  where  such  a  curse  or 
blessing  is  effective  and  is  not  merely  an 
expression  of  good  will  or  ill  will.  Also  setu^ 
q.  V.  lya  sudah  di-restuwi  Sangyang  Kisoma: 
the  spell  of  the  God  of  Love  has  been  laid 
upon  him  ;   Ht.  Sh. 

Htlang'lah  galoh   rupa  perimpuwan^ 
Di-rhtiiwi  Betara  -Kala  menjadi  janfan : 
the  princess  lost  the  form  of  a  woman  and 
under  the  spell  of  the  Great  God  Kala,  be- 
came a  man. 

Mirest&tti :  to  bless  or  curse  in  this  way.  ^ 
In  modern  colloquial  Malay  the  words  setu 
and  ristu  are  applied  to  cleansing  from  the 
pollution  caused  by  the  touch  of  something 
unclean,  such  as  a  pig  or  dog. 


(^J^J    r^sdong.     See  restong. 


rSsap.  The  gradual  disappearance  of  any- 
thing which  has  been  watched  or  traced  for 
some  time;  the  loss  of  a  path  or  track  in 
the  jungle  as  it  gradually  becomes  less  and 
less  traceable  from  being  neglected  and 
overgrown ;  the  disappearance  of  distant 
mountains  on  the  gathering  of  mists. 
M^resap :  to  disappear ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

1  Ht.  Sh. :  cf.  also  Kl.,  maka  sSgala  Bihu  BSrahmana  pun 
sMuwa-nya  bMiri  vt^r^stoni  Radin  Inn  itu  mHgatakan  sHamat 
semp^ma. 


O^J 


(J-J 


rSsak.     A  generic  name  given  to  a  number 

of  trees  producing  a  certain  class  of  wood 
used  for  boat-building,  shorea  barbata,  casta- 
nopsis  nephelioideSy  etc.  Kayti  resak  :  the  wood 
yielded  by  these  trees;  Sh,  Sg.  Kanch.,  20. 

rSsek.      Shrillness;   piercing,   as   the   cry   of 

certain  birds ;  sharp,  of  a  note.  MunUri  bir- 
sirti  suwara-nya  meresek :  the  minister  cried 
out  in  a  shrill  voice ;  Sh.  Bid.,  56. 

Musim   hemarauy  panas   terek, 
Ay  am  hutan  b^rkakok,   suwara-nya 

meresek : 

in  the  season  of  drought,  when  the  heat  is 
intense,  the  jungle  fowl  crow  in  shrill  sharp 
notes. 

The  word  also  occurs :  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  16,  23. 


ijJLmk    rasaksa.     [Skr.  rdksasa.] 
raksasa,  q.  v. 


An  evil  spirit ;  = 


P 


fj 


rassam.  [Arab,  rasm,]  Foundation ;  pre- 
scription; order;  arrangement;  constitution. 
^Ibdrat  negeri  berubah  rassam :  like  a  state 
altering  its  constitution, — a  disastrous  policy 
in  the  eyes  of  the  conservative  Malay  owing 
to  the  feeling  of  insecurity  thereby  roused; 
Prov.  *A  dat  rassam  segala  perhnptiwan :  the 
customs  to  which  women  are  constitutionally 
inclined ;  the  natural  bent  of  women ;  Ht. 
Gh.,  202. 

rdsam.  [Arab,  pj  to  engrave,  draw,  de- 
lineate ?]  A  common  fern  used  in  making 
Malay  pens,  gleichenia  linearis,  Kalam  r, :  a 
pen  so  made ;  Ht.  Abd.,  20.  Saperti  api  niakan 
rham  di-dalam  hutan :  like  lire  consuming  the 
dry  fern  of  the  forest — a  metaphor  for  rapid 
destructiveness ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.,  258. 


Ju^   rasamala.    See  JVv«^j. 

^<^j  rSsSmi  or  rasmi.  [Arab,  rasmi;  according 
to  rule.]  Nature;  disposition;  constitutional 
character;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.  17;  v,  rassam, 

rSsan.  Taking  to  heart ;  taking  as  personal ; 
resenting  as  addressed  to  oneself;  used  of  a 
person  who,  though  not  mentioned  by  name, 
considers  that  uncomplimentary  remarks  are 
indirectly  meant  for  him.  Jangan-lah  resan : 
do  not  take  offence;  do  not  take  it  as  a 
personal  reflection ;  Sh.  Jub.  Mai,,  16. 

Merhan:  to  take  as  a  personal  reflection; 
to  get  angry  at  an  impersonal  remark ;  Sh. 
Lail.  Mejn.,  28. 

rastll.  Arab.  Apostle ;  messenger,  especially 
in  the  sense  of  a  divine  messenger  or  apostle 
from  God.  RasM  Allah  :  the  Apostle  of  God 
— the  name  by  which  Muhammad  is  usually 
known.  Kisah  sigala  rasill :  the  Acts  of  the 
Apostles — (literally,  the  story  of  all  the 
Apostles). 


Crv 


J. 


\rv 


RilSAH 


[    327    ] 


r£ngat 


4^  rSsah.  Restlessness;  restless  behaviour; 
fidgeting.     Mhnbuwang  r. :  to  be  restless. 

^j  r6si.  [Skr.  rishi.]  A  "risW;  a  sage  (in 
days  when  wisdom  and  sanctity  were  thought 
identical);  a  holy  man;  Ht.  Mash.,  78.  Maha- 
r^si :  a  great  sage ;  a  chief  among  holy  sages. 
Also  rBshi. 

\.^j  rusiya.  [Skr.  rahasya.]  A  secret.  Usually 
rahasiyUf  q.  v. 


ftyij   rashwah 


[Arab.  5^^ .]  A  present  by  way  of 
a  bribe  to  get  a  thing  put  through.  Rashwah 
dan  sorong  jangan  di4Mma :  do  not  accept 
presents  or  quiet  bribes ;  Sh.  Nas.,  5. 

^j    r6shi.     [Skr.    rishi.]      A  sage,   a   holy  man. 
-  Usually    r^si,  q.  v. 

{jjj    rushiya.     Eng.     Russia;  Sh.  Pr.  Turk.,  2. 


^j    rashid.      Arab.      Orthodox ;    following    the 
True  Path. 

II.     Eng.     Receipt ;  Ht,  Abd.,  287. 


\^j  ridla.  Arab.  Consent;  approval;  willing- 
ness; the  expression  of  willingness.  Suka 
ridld :  id.  Ridld-kah  ttiwan  hamba  ?  Maka 
sahut  raja  Iskandar,  ridld4ah  hamba :  does 
your  lordship  consent  ?  King  Alexander 
replied:  I  consent;  Sej.  MaL,  9.  Ridld-lah 
adinda  di-bakar :  I  consent  to  be  burnt ;  Ht. 
GuL  Bak.,  114. 

Ridla'i :   to  grant  consent,  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  58, 

70.     Ridlakan :  to  consent  to  (anything),   to 

submit   cheerfully  to;    Sh.    K.    G.   T.,    26; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Kalau  ta'-berlela,  baik  beridld-ridld :  if  you 
have  no  guns  you  had  better  be  lavish  with 
professions  of  willingness  ;  for  the  weak,  sub- 
mission is  best ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI.,  37. 

Ridld  is  usually  pronounced  redha  or  rela, 

Cyj^J  ridlwan.  Arab.  The  Angel  Guardian  of 
the  Gate  of  Paradise.  Usually  pronounced 
redhwdn. 


^j  radliva.  Arab.  May  (he)  bestow  favour, — 
in  tne  expression  radliyaHlahu  anhu :  "  May 
God  show  him  favour "  a  pious  ejaculation 
used  after  mention  of  the  names  of  any  oif 
the  first  four  Caliphs  or  Companions  of  the 
Prophet ;  Sej.  MaL,  66. 

f^j  ridli.  Arab.  Consenting  ;  satisfied ; — most 
frequently  used,  however,  (in  Malay)  as  an 
equivalent  of  ridld,  consent,  approval.  Rid- 
ld dan  ridli,  consent,  approval;  Sh.  Sg. 
Ranch.,  24.  Sudi  dan  ridli :  id.,  Sh.  Sri 
Ben.,  38. 


^S'j  rai'iyyat.  Arab,  (i)  Subjects,  in  contradis- 
tinction to  rulers ;  the  people,  in  contradis- 
tinction to  the  prince.  Raja  atau  raHyyat: 
prince  or  subject.  Raja  pandai  mlmUiharakan 
hati  segala  raHyyat :  a  prince  skilled  in 
cultivating  the  love  of  his  people;  Ht. 
Abd.,  290. 

(2.)  (By  an  extension  of  the  Arabic  mean- 
ing.) The  rank  and  file  of  an  army,  in  con- 
tradistinction to  the  leaders ;  the  crew  of  a 
ship.  RaHyyat  yang  datang  itu  semuwa-nya 
orang  Jawa  dan  Madura:  the  troops  who 
came  were  all  Javanese  and  Madurese ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  194.  Menggulong  layar  sBgala  raHyyat  : 
all  hands  furled  the  sail;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  37. 

(3.)  Orang  raHyyat:  the  name  given  by 
Malays  to  certain  aborigines  living  on  the 
shores  and  islands  of  the  Peninsula;  Ht, 
Abd.,  388.     Also  raHyyat  laut  and  orang  laut. 

The  word  is  usually  pronounced  rayyat,  or 
rayat, 

^  rang.  I.  (Onom.)  A  sharp  metallic  sound ; 
a  clang.  Rong-rang :  the  clanging  of  brass 
vessels.  Cf.  dlrong,  derang,  Urong,  lerang 
cherong,  cherafig,  etc. 

n.  A  model  for  exact  copying,  an  article 
to  be  copied,  and  not  a  plan  or  design. 

HI.  Tanah  rang:  a padi-held,  banked  and 
previously  cultivated,  but  actually  lying  fal- 
low ;  cf.  tanah  rap, 

^  reng.  I.  (Onom.)  A  ringing  sound,  sharper 
than  rang*  q.  v. 

n.  Bnrong  reng  :  a  species  of  vulture  found 
in  the  Northern  States  only  and  not  known 
in  Riau  and  Johor.     Also  hireng  and  no'reng, 

in.     Small  laths  used  in  fastening  atap. 

IV.  Nerve,  backbone, — in  a  metaphorical 
sense.  Tiyada  reng :  without  backbone ; 
without  pluck  or  nerve  or  stiffness — used  of 
a  poor  weak  creature  upon  whom  it  is  hope- 
less to  rely.     Connected  with  III  ? 

9  J    rong.     I.    (Onom.)    A  clanging  sound,  deeper 
^        than  rang,  q.  v. 

11.  Balai  rong :  the  hall  for  the  public  in 
general ;  a  hall  of  general  audience  to  which 
anyone  is  admitted  (  =  balai  ruwang  ?)  This 
compound  is  often  pronounced  as  one  word ; 
balerong. 

\p^  rSnga.  The  larvae  of  insects  on  decomposing 
animal  matter.  Blringa:  that  state  of 
decomposition  which  immediately  precedes 
the  appearance  of  maggots. 


*j  rSngat.  Griping  pain ;  colic ;  shooting  pains 
as  in  toothache;  (by  extension)  severe  pain 
generally.  Ringat  hati:  anger,  malice;  Sh. 
Bid.,  112;  a  stronger  expression  than  sakit 
hati. 


rSnqit 


[  328  ] 


RONGKAS 


4 


Jl 


y 


3^j 


U^J 


U^J 


rfingit.  A  species  of  minute  tick ;  a  small 
insect  pest. 

rfingut.  Merhigut-ringtit :  to  murmur ;  to 
grumble ;  to  keep  growling  or  complaining. 

rangda.  (Palembang.)  A  widow  or  divorced 
woman;  Laws  of  Palembang,  Simb.,  Ch.,  13; 
=zranda  ox  janda,  q.  v. 

rangdu.  [Bal.  mngdu,  Jav.  randti,]  Kayu 
rangdu  :  a  tree  yielding  a  fragrant  juice  ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Nata. 

rfingas.  A  tree  yielding  a  fine  red  timber, 
but  the  juice  of  which  is  poisonous,  tnela- 
norlma  ctirtisii  and  gltita  rengas, 

R.  manok :  a  variety  of  this  tree,  melanorhcBa 
wallicJm. 

R,  daun  besar :   a  large  leaved  wild  nutmeg, 
myristica  hookeriana, 

Minyak  kayu  r,  ;  varnish  made  from  the  juice 
of  the  rengas. 

rangsa.  (Kedah.)  A  goose  ;=(Riau)  angsa, 
q.  V. 


i^j  rengsa.  Obstinate — of  a  sore  or  skin  disease 
which  refuses  to  heal.  Merengsa:  to  be 
obstinate ;  to  refuse  to  heal,  of  a  sore,  ulcer 
or  skin  disease. 

{J^J  rSnguS.  Gruff  or  surly  temper ;  an  unpleasant 
manner.  Meringus  :  to  be  surly.  Perengus : 
surly ;  gruff. 


i  * 


rangsang.  I.  The  rise  of  passion  or  desire 
for  battle.  Mirangsang :  to  get  excited  in  a 
quarrel,  to  become  eager  to  fight.  Perang- 
sang :  a  drug  or  stimulant  to  excite  courage  ; 
**  Dutch  courage ;  "  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  8. 

Memheri  berangsang  :  to  instil  with  eagerness 
to  fight,  to  excite;  Ht.  Best.  Birangsangkan : 
id.,  Ht.  Best. 

II.     To  scale  a  wall ;  also  ragang,  q.  v. 


h**^J    rongseng,       (Riau.)       Peevishness  ;= (J ohor, 
Kedah)  rasing,  q.  v. 

Jfl>    rSngang.     (Kedah.)     Throbbing  pain  in  the 
head. 


^ 


^j  r6llgap.  (Onom.)  '  The  noise  made  in  blow- 
ing out  a  candle  or  torch ;  a  puflf.     Also  ngap, 

Kena  r. ;  (Kedah)  a  term  used  by  native 
sorcerers  to  express  that  a  person^s  power 
of  evil  has  been  blown  out  and  that  he  is 
silenced. 

1>  rangka.  The  skeleton  of  a  man  or  building ; 
the  framework  of  a  kite,  umbrella  or  Chinese 
lantern.  Tinggal4ah  rumah  saperti  rangka  : 
the  house  remained  (bare)  as  a  skeleton  ;  Sh. 
Jur.  Bud.,  8. 


d^j 


^ 


V 


ssSs- 


'J 


lA^J 


uA 


:; 


Berangka :  serving  as  a  framework,  having  a 
framework.  BHi  yang  berangka  berhala  :  the 
iron  which  served  as  a  framework  for  the 
idol;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 


r6ngka.  (Riau,  Johor.)  The  seat  of  the 
howdah,  as  distinct  from  the  cupola  over  it ; 
(Kedah)  rengga,  Gajah  berengka  emas :  an 
elephant  with  a  golden  howdah  saddle ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Sh.  R,  kup :  the  howdah- 
saddle  and  cupola;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Gajah 
bertimang  rengka :  a  saddled  elephant ;  Ht. 
Perb.  Jaya.  Gajah  di-kena  rengka:  the 
elephant  was  saddled ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  20. 

Rengka  is  used  loosely  with  the  meaning 
howdah  in  one  passage :  masokkan  ka-dalam 
r, :  to  put  into  the  howdah,  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J., 
14. 

The  word  rengka  is  also  used  of  the  peculiar 
saddle  used  on  buffaloes,  and  resembling 
somewhat  in  design  the  saddle  on  which  a 
howdah  rests. 


rengka.  (Riau,  Kedah.)  The  peculiar  round 
framework  in  a  sun-hat ;  the  frame  into  which 
the  head  fits  ;  (Johor)  lekar  terendak, 

rengkat  or  ringkat.  Unevenness  in  walk- 
ing caused  by  one  leg  being  shorter  than  the 
other.  Kaki  r. :  inequality  of  length  or 
strength  of  leg,  causing  a  man  to  walk  in  a 
halting  manner. 


rangkas.  Dry  trailing  branches;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Ht.  KaL  Dam., 
122  ;  =  ranggas,  q.  v. 

rengkas.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Abbreviation ;  cut- 
ting short ;  brevity ;  conciseness.  Di-snkai- 
nya  perkataan  rengkas :  he  liked  brevity  in 
speech ;  Ht.  Abd.,  ^^y. 

Rengkasan :  a  summary ;  a  short  statement ; 
Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  70. 

Ren^kaskan :  to  summarize ;  to  cut  short ; 
to  abbreviate;  Ht.  Abd.,  48,  181,  182;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  22,  40,  etc.  Merengkaskan :  Ht. 
Abd.,  473. 

Pirengkas :  shortened ;  abbreviated ;  a 
shortener;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  9. 

Also  pronounced  (Singapore)  ringkas,  and 
(Selangor)  ringkis, 

rongkas.  Taking  to  pieces  with  a  view  to 
removal ;  taking  down  or  pulling  down  any- 
thing in  a  careful  manner,  not  with  a  view  to 
mere  destruction,  but  with  the  idea  of  re- 
setting up  or  re-building.  This  word  is  not 
used  of  erections  such  as  tents,  which  are 
intended  to  be  easily  removable,  but  of  build- 
ings such  as  native  houses,  which  are  prima- 
rily intended  to  remain  in  one  spot  though 
they  can  be  taken  away  if  circumstances 
necessitate  such  a  course. 


BANGKANG 


[    329    ] 


RONGKOL 


c?^- 


"J  rangkang.  A  measure  for  the  angle  formed 
by  the  arm  of  a  native  anchor  and  the  shaft 
of  the  same.  The  object  of  this  is  to  secure 
that  the  anchor  will  get  a  proper  hold  of  the 
sea-floor.     Cf.  chekang,  chekak,  renggang,  etc. 


^. 


"J    rangkong.     A  squatting  posture. 

Merangkong :  to  squat. 


^- 


y  rongkong  or  (Kedah)  r§ngkong.  The  wind- 
pipe, the  extreme  inner  portion  of  the  mouth. 
Kering-lah  rongkong-nya  :  his  throat  was  quite 
dry;  Ht.  Best. 

Rongkongan:  id.,  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  55;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah.  Kerongkongan :  id,,  Ht.  Jay. 
Lengg.  Kerongkong  is  the  commonest  collo- 
quial form  in  Riau,  Johor  and  Selangor ;  and 
rengkong  in  Kedah. 


^__J^      rangkap.     I.       Pair;     couple;     set    of    two 


Menari  berangkap-rangkapan :  to  dance  in  pairs ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub.,  Ht.  Koris,  etc.     Cf.  angkap. 


n.     Complete; 
lengkap. 


full ;      better     langkap     or 


»— aSsP-i 


HI.  Merangkap:  (rare)  to  catch  from  below 
with  the  open  hand.  Per  angkap :  a  pitfall. 
Cf.  rangkap,  rungktip,  tangkap,  tangktip,  chekup, 
serekup,  dakap,  etc. 


rangkup.  The  formation  of  a  cavity  between 
two  sloping  sides,  as  when  (in  building  a 
house  of  bricks  or  cards)  one  lays  two  bricks 
or  two  cards  against  one  another  so  that  they 
may  support  one  another,  or  as  when  a  man 
puts  his  two  hands  together  under  a  jet  of 
water  so  as  to  form  a  channel  for  the  water 
and  to  assist  him  in  drinking  it.  Cf.  raup, 
where  a  man  forms  a  bowl  of  his  two  hands 
and  lifts  up  water  from  a  pond ;  cf.  also 
nmgkup,  rangkap  and  tangkup, 

Rangkup  is  also  used  to  describe  a  peculiar 
passing  of  the  hands  over  the  face  in  the  per- 
formance of  certain  ceremonial  rites  by  a 
pawang.  In  this  case  the  hands  form  a  ridge 
as  described  above. 


«— JtSs^    ringkup.     A  snake  (unidentified);  J.  I.  A.,  I., 
257- 


u-xS^ 


'J    rungkap.     Memngkap :   to   speak  in   a   surly 
tone. 


v-iS^ 


^j  rangkup.  Overarching,  overspreading — used 
of  a  ridged  roof  opening  out  at  a  very  con- 
siderable angle  (wider  than  rangkap,  q.  v.). 
Atap  r, :  a  roof  the  eaves  of  which  come 
down  to  the  ground.  Kajang  r. :  a  kajang 
mat  spread  out  as  widely  as  it  can  stand  so 
as  to  form  a  sort  of  roof. 


Rumah  rungkup,   hnjan   tempiyas ; 

Basalt   knyup   kain  sutera ; 
Kalau  janday  pandai   berhiyas ; 

TerUbeh  pada  anak   dara : 

if  the  house  has  a  low  roof,  the  rain  blows  into 
it,  and  all  your  silks  become  wet  through. 


J^. 


'J    rangkak.     Merangkak  :  to  walk  on  hands  and 

knees;  to  crawl  along;  (by  metaphor)  to 
make  slow  progress ;  to  stumble  along. 
Merangkak  saperti  ketam  di-lnka :  to  drag  one- 
self along  like  a  wounded  crab;  Sh.  Sri 
Ben.,  82.  Merangkak-rangkak  mevibacha :  to 
stumble  over  a  passage  in  reading ;  Ht.  Abd., 
141.  Merangkak  menjtdor :  to  crawl  and 
wriggle,  like  a  wounded  centipede,  or  (by 
simile)  of  a  trembling  subject  or  captive  ap- 
proaching his  sovereign's  presence ;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah.,  Ht.  Best.  Merangkak  hendak  bangun: 
to  rise  on  one's  hands  and  knees  preparatory 
to  getting  up  (of  a  fallen  man)  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Berkata  berangkak-rangkakan  :  to  speak  in  a 
broken  or  halting  voice ;  to  stumble  through 
one's  speech,  as  a  bad  orator;  Ht.  Hamz.,  68. 

Terangkak -rangkak  :  making  slow  progress ; 
crawling  along. 


jA 


iy    rangkek.     A  generic  name  for  conical  shells, 

conns, 

R,  belang  saw  a  :  conns  bandanus, 

R,  mata  daching :  conns  mUle-punctatm. 

R,  rintek  :  conus  capitaneus, 

R.  bnkum,  r,  kiming  and  r,  tembelang :  other 
(unidentified)  varieties  of  the  conns, 

iK^  rengkek.  Curled  up,  bent  or  bowing  under  a 
burden.     Also  rengkeh,  q.  v. 

;5^  ringkek.  The  neighing  of  a  horse;  also 
mengilat, 

r^^.  rongkok.  Merongkok:  to  sit  bent  forward 
and  resting  one's  hands  on  one's  knees ; 
better  (Riau,  Johor)  jerongkok ;  cf.  bongkok, 
kuku,  etc. 

K^      rongkal.      Terongkal:      unloosed,     come     to 
^  -^      pieces. 

^S'y    rongkol  or  rungkul.      Sa-rongkol :  a  group 
^  formed  by   the   connection   of  a   number   of 

smaller  groups  ;  a  cluster  of  clusters;  a  bunch 
(e.g.,  of  keys);  a  string  f^.^.,  of  horses  or 
prisoners).  Cf.  rangkai,  which  is  limited  to  a 
single  cluster.  Rongkol  is  used  only  when  the 
connection  between  the  composite  parts  is 
slight,  e.g,,  as  when  bunches  of  fruit  are  tied 
together.  When  the  composite  parts  form  a 
compact  mass  by  adhesion  or  otherwise, 
tongkol  is  used. 
BerongkoUrongkol :  in  large  clusters;  J.  I.  A., 
HI.,  448. 


42 


RANQKUM 


[    330    ] 


R^NGGUT 


^^ 


^ 


^J 


£s^j 


^. 


'J 


rangkmn.  Grasping  (a  number  of  relatively 
small  objects)  between  both  hands.  Sa-rang- 
kum :  as  much  as  one  can  lift  up  between  the 
hands.  This  word  would  be  used  of  objects 
such  as  sticks  which  would  be  lifted  up  by 
pressure  between  the  hands,  and  not  of  small 
granular  objects  such  as  would  be  scooped  up 
in  a  hollow  formed  by  putting  the  hands 
together,     Cf.  raup* 


rdngkam.  A  sea-weed;  a  growth  found  on 
coral  reefs.  Also  (Johor,  Kedah)  r.  karang, 
and  (Riau)  kirBngkam. 


rungkau.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Mermigkau  or 
menjerungkau :  to  hang  down  over  the  face — 
of  dishevelled  hair ;  to  hang  over  the  bank  of 
a  stream,  of  foliage  ;  (Selangor)  mBrunggau. 


rSngkah.  (Selangor.)  Tearing  or  rending 
open  ;  a  variant  of  rekah  and  chekah,  Cf. 
rengkoh. 

rengkah.  Expansion  owing  to  increase  of 
contents, — used  of  a  sack  swelling  out  as 
more  is  put  into  it,  or  of  the  breasts  expand- 
ing when  full  of  milk. 


rengkeh.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Bowing  or  stoop- 
ing or  laboriously  bearing  up  under  a  burden. 
Merengkeh :  to  bow  under  a  burden — as  a 
porter  carrying  a  very  heavy  weight,  or  as  a 
tree  when  climbed  by  more  men  than  it  can 
fairly  bear  ;= (Kedah)  merengkek. 


rfingkoh.  Violence  in  pulHng  or  twisting; 
the  application  of  mere  ill-regulated  brute 
force  to  effect  any  object.  Biyar  cheremat 
jangan  rengkoh  :  do  it  neatly,  don't  do  it  with 
violence,  Korang  kerat  rengkoh  yang  lebeh : 
the  less  we  cut,  the  more  we  wrench  apart ; 
if  we  try  to  shirk  necessary  work,  we  save  no 
labour  in  the  long  run  and  we  derive  less 
profit  owing  to  the  work  being  done  worse ; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  115. 

Merengkoh:  to  tug  at  anything,  to  pull 
violently,  as  an  excited  crew  pulling  at  or 
wrenching  off  the  oars;  Ht.  Sri  Rama 
(Maxw.),  12.     Cf.  renggut, 

Rengkoh  and  rengkah,  when  applied  to  eat- 
ing, suggest  a  man  tearing  at  his  food  and 
therefore  signify  coarseness  and  greed  ;  Sh. 
Maul.  Nabi,  6. 


rangkai.  Strung  or  bound  together  so  as 
to  form  a  cluster ;  a  cluster ;  a  combination. 
Limau  sa-rangkai :  a  string  of  limes. 

Rangkaiyan :  connection  ;  stringing  together. 
R.  hur4f:  the  combining  of  letters;  the  art 
of  writing  combinations  of  letters,  i?.  pBr- 
kataan:  the  art  of  joining  words  together; 
syntax. 


d^J 


dl 


1> 


cSs^ 


V 


Rangkaikan  and  mirangkaikan :  to  tie,  fasten 
or  string  together;  to  join  (any  objects) 
together.  Di-rangkaikan-nya  tali  tauchang : 
they  tied  the  men's  pigtails  together;  Sh. 
Sing.  Terb.,  29. 

BBrangkai-rangkai :  in  strings  or  clusters ; 
Sh.  K.  G.  T.,  5 ;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  27.  Cf. 
rongkoL 


lingkai.     Shrivelled  up ;  thin,    as  a  leaf  be- 
comes thin  by  loss  of  moisture. 


rSngkiyang.  A  barn  or  store  for  padi;  a 
granary.  Also  lengkiyang  and  (Menangkabau) 
rangkiyang. 


rangga.  I.  Pointed  projections ;  sticking 
up  in  points.  Rusa  berangga :  (rare)  an 
antlered  stag;  (better)  rusa  cMranggah. 
Runggu-rangga :  sticking  up  in  stiff  curls  or 
points,  as  the  hair  of  a  negro. 

II.  Jav.  A  title  of  inferior  distinction  (con- 
fined to  Java  and  to  romances  translated  or 
adapted  from  the  Javanese);  Ht.  Sh. 


rfingga.  I.  (Kedah.)  The  pack-saddle  or 
panniers  upon  which  the  howdah  proper 
rests  ;  =  (Riau,  Johor)  rengka,  q.v. 

Tali  rengga  :  the  crupper  of  an  elephant. 
II.     Kerengga  :  the  red  ant. 


rongga.  Hole  ;  cavity ;  hollow  ;  the  cavities 
in  the  body,  especially  those  of  the  mouth 
and  nostril ;  the  hollow  in  an  old  tree ;  the 
holes  in  river  banks. 


Keling, 


BBrongga :  hollow.  &mpama  tabut 
luwar  berkilat  dalam  benmgga :  like  a  Kling 
idol,  with  a  glittering  surface  and  a  hollow 
inside ;  showy  but  comparatively  worthless  ; 
Prov.  Gendang  ray  a  bunyi  deras,  ta'4ahu  diri- 
nya  berongga :  the  big  drum  beats  fast,  it 
does  not  realize  its  hollowness  ;  a  fool  talks 
much,  he  does  not  realize  that  he  is  exposing 
his  folly ;  Prov. 

r6nggut.     Wrenching  down  or  tearing  away 
anything  attached  to  something  else. 

Renggutkan,  merBnggut  and  niirenggtitkan  :  to 
tear  (anything)  down  ;  to  wrench  (anything) 
out  of  or  away  from  anything  else.  Maka 
tdeh  monyet  itti  di-rMggutkan-nya  sarang  itu 
lalu  di'koyak'koyakkan-nya  :  the  monkey  tore 
down  the  nest  (from  its  place  in  the  tree) 
and  then  plucked  it  to  pieces  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  96. 
Sigala  raHyyat  mBrenggutkan  dayong :  the  crew 
wrenched  off  the  oars  ;   Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  48. 

Renggut  is  also  used,  by  metaphor,  of  the 
injury  to  the  feelings  caused  by  severance 
from  a  beloved  object;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  60. 

Cf.  rengkoh. 


RINQGIT 


[    331    ] 


RUNQOAU 


o^j 


U^J 


^J 


ringgit.  Crenelation ;  milling ;  a  jagged  or 
serrated  edge  ;  milled  money  ;  the  dollar  ;  cf. 
riyal. 

R.  besar  :  a  Spanish  dollar. 

R,  burongf  r,  janek  and  r.  rama-rama  :  the 
Mexican  dollar. 

R,  kSpala,  or  r.  tengkorak  :  the  2 J  florin 
piece. 

R,  meriyam  :  the  so-called  pillar  dollar. 

Beringgit-ringgit :  jagged  ;  milled  ;  serrated. 

ranggas.  With  points  projecting  in  all 
directions  ;  anything  that  has  many  irregular 
projecting  points  ;  leafless  and  thorny  clumps 
of  fallen  trees ;  branches,  trees  or  under- 
growth left  on  the  ground  after  felling ;  dry, 
hard,  spiky  masses  of  fallen  timber  to  which 
the  spears  and  pikes  of  an  army  are  often 
assimilated.  Tombak  lembeng  saperti  ranggas  : 
the  spears  and  pikes  were  like  dry  fallen 
timber;  Sej.  Mai.,  158;  Ht.  Sh.  lya  meniti 
sa-genap  ranggas :  he  made  his  way  over 
every  mass  of  fallen  wood  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

Beranggas-ranggas  :  spiky ;  projecting  their 
points  in  every  direction,  as  arrows  or  jave- 
lins when  a  man  picks  up  several  at  a  time 
without  first  arranging  them. 

Also  rangkas,     Cf.  renggis, 

rfinggis.  Presenting  few  and  small  points — a 
diminutive  of  ranggas,  q.  v. ;  with  few  twigs 
and  branches  ;  thin,  of  a  tree. 

ranggong.  I.  The  first  stages  of  crawling 
in  a  child ;  crawling  a  short  pace  or  two  and 
then  resting ;  dragging  oneself  along  in  short 
crawling  stages,  as  a  very  young  child  or  as 
a  wounded  man ;  cf.  rangkak,  which  is  used 
of  crawling  proper, 

n.  Kail  ranggong  or  kail  beranggong :  a 
peculiar  mode  of  fishing  in  which  two  short 
rods  (with  short  lines  attached  to  them)  are 
fixed  into  the  lead,  thus  forming  a  double  line, 
the  hooks  of  which  are  kept  apart. 

Ikan  meranggong :  the  fish  are  biting  two  at 
a  time. 

in.  Burong  ranggong :  the  name  of  a  long- 
legged  water-bird  larger  than  the  bangau;  the 
nickname  of  a  spindle-shanked  person ;  cf. 
ranggong  f  H. 

IV,     Rangoon. 

rgnggang.  Wide  separation ;  distance  apart ; 
leakiness ;  refusing  to  come  together ;  (by 
metaphor)  distant — of  friends;  cf.  rapat,  of 
which  this  word  is  the  antithesis.  Sahdbat 
yang  rapat  menjadi  r^nggang :  close  friends 
become  distant  (when  a  man  becomes  poor); 
Prov.  Segala  rapat-nya  mSnjadi  renggang : 
all  that  was  watertight  became  leaky ;  Sh.  Sri 
Ben.,  8.  Di-chelah  dinding  sa-j^ngkal  ring- 
gang :  at  a  crack  in  the  wall  a  j^ngkal  in 
width ;  Sh.  Peng.,  14. 


V 


*  Ibdrat  dawai  dengan   karids, 

Bila   buleh  renggang  UrUpas: 

like  ink  upon  paper,  when  can  the  two  be 

sundered  and  part  ? — indissoluble  connection; 

Prov. 

Renggangkan  :  to  open  out ;  to  create  a  gap 
or  orifice  between  two  surfaces,  i?.  pintu: 
to  set  a  door  ajar, 

ronggang.  Wide  apart,  of  the  teeth.  Gigi 
^'onggang  jarang'jarangan  :  with  few  teeth  and 
those  wide  apart;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Cf.  renggang, 
and  rongak, 

ronggeng.  Jav.  Girls  dancing  certain  Java- 
nese dances.  These  dances  are  taken  part  in 
by  girls  in  pairs,  and  not  by  girls  in  groups  or 
independently  of  each  other. 

ranggak.     Hauling  a  boat  ashore. 

renggek,  (Johor ;  from  Boyanese  ?)  A  net ; 
a  variety  of  the  pnkat,  q.  v. 

ringgek.  Meringgek-ringgek :  to  be  protract- 
ed ;  to  drag  on. 

ronggok.  Beronggok-ronggok  :  in  clumbs ;  in 
small  clusters,  groups  or  heaps.     See  onggok. 

ranggol.  Meranggol-ranggol :  to  dip  (frequen- 
tative) of  a  boat's  hows  i^^^b^ranggol-anggol ; 
from  anggol,  q.  v. 

ranggam.  A  thorny  shrub  or  small  tree  (un- 
identified) with  a  short  stem  like  the  salak 
(zalacca  edulis)  and  leaves  resembling  those  of 
the  coco-palm. 

rdnggam.     (Kedah.)     A  kind  of  sickle. 

Berhenti  r, :  the  name  given  to  a  day  of  rest 
in  the  midst  of  the  semangat  padi  ceremonies ; 
a  day  on  which  no  ceremony  or  harvesting  is 
put  through. 


\J^j    ranggun.     Rangoon.     Also  ranggong. 


runggun.  Mirunggun :  to  heap  earth  on  a 
fire  in  order  to  preserve  it  ;^=:bBrunggun,  from 
imggun,  q.  V. 

ranggu.  PBrangguwan  :  a  set  of  anything ;  a 
suit.  Sa-ph'angguwan  pakaiyan :  a  suit  of 
clothes,  Ht.  Mas  Ed.  Sa-p^rangguwan  bu- 
tang :  a  set  of  (removable)  buttons  or  studs. 

ranggoi.  ( Riau,  Johor. )  Miranggoi :  to 
scrape  the  thorns  off  a  piece  of  nibong; 
=  (Kedah)  merangoi. 

ronggau.  Ml^runggau:  a  Selangor  variant 
of  mirungkau ;  v.  rungkau. 


RUNaOU 


[   332   ] 


RUPIYA 


A 


'J 


S^ 


'J 


jf'j 


runggu.  Runggu-rangga :  projecting  in  many 
places ;  bristling  with  points ;  v.  rangga. 

ranggah.  L  (Riau,  Johor. )  Miranggah: 
to  strip  a  tree  of  fruit ;  to  pluck  all  the  fruit, 
whether  ripe  or  unripe,  on  a  tree ;  (Kedah) 
merenggah, 

11.  (Riau,  Selangor.)  Meranggah :  to  stab 
at  a  person  standing  overhead  by  thrusting  a 
spear  through  the  thin  flooring  of  a  Malay 
house ; — a  favourite  method  of  assassination. 
Cf.  radak, — the  more  general  term  for  thrusts 
of  this  sort. 

lUnggi.  Spruceness;  neatness;  care  or  fasti- 
diousness in  dressing. 

ringgi.  A  way  of  hdkin^  padi ;  grains  of  padi 
plucked  and  baked  before  they  are  fully  ripe. 
Panggang  peringgi :  ready  for  baking  in  this 
way ;  an  expression  used  to  denote  that  padi 
has  reached  that  stage  in  its  developement  at 
which  the  grains  begin  to  be  edible. 

rSngau.  Perforation  on  a  large  scale;  the 
existence  or  exposure  of  a  large  passage 
through  anything.  Perengau:  allowing  pas- 
sage or  admittance,  as  a  fowl -house  when 
the  door  is  opened,  or  a  basket  or  saucepan 
when  the  cover  is  removed. 


3.    rap.      1.      (Onom.)      A    rapping   sound;    the 
-^      sound  of  people  stamping. 

II.  (From  I.?)  An  interjection  used  to 
keep  time  or  set  the  time  for  any  action  ;  an 
adverb  meaning  that  simultaneous  action  was 
taken.  Rap  semuwa-nya :  together ;  all  to- 
gether—to set  the  time  to  soldiers  marching. 

III.  Tanah  rap:  land  cleared,  weeded, 
banked  and  ready  for  cultivation  ;  cf.  rang, 

3j    rap.     (Onom.)  =  rap,  q.  v.,  but  duller. 


O^J 


^j 


^J 


KJ^J 


rupawan.  Handsome;  well-made;  possess- 
ed of  beauty,  Sh.  L  M.  P.,  15; — the  adjective 
of  rxipa^  q.  v. 

r6pot.  [Eng. :  report.]  A  report  made  at  a 
Police  Station  or  to  official  authorities  of  any 
sort ;  to  make  such  a  report.  Lain  berjalan 
pirgi-nya  repot:  then  they  set  out  to  make 
their  report;  Sh.  Lamp.,  40. 

r6put.  Crumbling  at  the  touch ;  ready  to  fall 
to  pieces  as  fallen  logs  in  an  extreme  state  of 
decay.  Reptit-repui  ( Riau )  or  reput  pBhtii 
(Kedah)  falling  to  pieces  at  the  least  touch  of 
the  hand  or  at  the  least  breath  of  wind — as 
the  ash  at  the  end  of  a  cigar.  Rumah  yang 
reput:  a  house  just  about  to  fall  to  pieces;  Sh. 
Pr.  Ach.,  17.  &mpamakayu  burok;  burok  di- 
panas,  reput  di-hujan :  like  a  rotten  log,  rotting 
in  sunshine,  crumbhng  under  rain ;  a  type  of 
hopeless  or  irreparable  decay ;  Prov. 


^j 


o'j 


<^yj 


"^j 


-o 


'J 


Jj 


rdpas.  Fragile;  crumbling  up  into  fragments 
at  the  least  pressure ;=zriput,  except  that  reput 
refers  to  a  more  advanced  stage  of  rottenness, 
fragility  or  decay.  Bunga  rBpas  layu :  a  dry 
and  withered  flower;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 

rfipis.  Crumbling  or  breaking  off  at  the  edge; 
falling  away  at  the  corners  or  edges.  Sa- 
repis :  a  chip. 

rSpang.  Evenness,  smoothness — when  used 
of  an  edge  being  cut  level,  or  of  a  number  of 
separate  bodies  being  cut  or  filed  to  the  same 
height,  but  not  of  a  solid  surface  being  level- 
led. Thus  rata  would  be  used  of  ground  being 
flat,  but  repang  of  a  bamboo  hedge  being  even 
in  height. 

Asah  r. ;  filing  the  teeth  away  altogether, 
reducing  them  to  the  level  of  the  gums  or  to 
some  low  continuous  level. 

Repang  chuchor  atap :  (i)  the  cutting  of  the 
fringe  of  an  atap  roof  so  as  to  give  it  a  smooth 
edge ;  (2)  (Penang)  a  name  given  to  a  method 
of  shaving  the  hair  above  the  forehead  of  a 
bride  so  as  to  give  the  forehead  a  square 
appearance. 

Muka  repang  gantang :  (Kedah)  square  bows, 
in  a  ship ;  (  Riau,  Johor )  haluwan  tegak  or 
haluwan  pepat. 

Merepang :  to  cut  level  or  straight.  Me- 
repang  gigi :  to  file  the  teeth  so  as  to  make 
them  of  the  same  height  throughout ;  v.  supra, 

rSpak.  I.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Crumbling;  better 
rep  as,  q.  v. 

II.     (Onom.)     A  noise  such  as  that  of  a  slap. 

rSpek   and   r§pok.      (Onom.)      Variants   of 

repak,  according  to  the  intensity  of  the  sound; 
cf.  pak,  etc. 

rSpuL  (Riau,  Johor.)  Crumbling  at  the  least 
breath  of  air ;  an  intensitive  of  reput,  q.  v. ; 
(Kedah)  pehui. 

rSpeh.  Gently  picking  or  plucking  as  one 
plucks  off  the  petals  of  a  flower,  or  as  one 
picks  out  one  grain  or  one  slice  of  a  fruit. 

Merepeh :  to  pluck  a  little  of  anything ;  to 
pluck  a  little  at  a  time ;  to  pick  gently. 

rfipoh.  I.  Overgrown ;  being  overgrown — 
of  a  clearing.  Repohan :  a  clearing  when  it 
begins  to  be  overgrown  but  before  the  over- 
growth is  serious  or  can  be  called  "  secondary 
jungle"  (belukar). 


II.     Ripoh-^ripoh: 
gepoh'gepoh. 


a  padlock.      Also  (Riau) 


rupiya.  [  Skr.,  through  Hindustani.  ]  A 
rupee;  a  guilder.  R,  sika:  the  Bengal  coined 
rupee.  LBbeh  birkuwasa  ubat  itu-kah  atau 
rupiya  ini-kah :  which  is  the  mightier,  that 
talisman  or  this  rupee  ?  Ht.  Abd.,  7^, 


RUPIYAH 


[     333     ] 


RUKUN 


<tJ 


t>   rnipiyah.    See  ^^J. 


OJ 


CO 


U^J 


^Uij 


J^. 


^J 


rak.     (Onom.)     Crack  ! — the  sound  of  a  large 

branch  or  tree  falling;  the  breaking  of  any- 
thing under  a  heavy  strain  or  on  the  removal 
of  its  supports. 

Rak-rok  or  rok-rak :  the  sound  of  anything 
crashing  through  the  jungle. 

rek.  (Onom.)  A  variant  of  rak^  used  espe- 
cially of  the  sound  of  a  drop  of  rain  falling  on 
an  atap  roof.  Rek-rek :  drip-drip ;  the  sound 
of  continuous  rain  on  an  aiap  roof.     V.  rak. 


jjj    rok.     (Onom.)     A  variant  of  m-fe,  q.  V. 


raksa.      [Skr.  rasa?]      Mercury;    quicksilver 

(a  mineral  which  plays  a  considerable  part  in 
the  Malay  pharmacopeia;  v.  Muj.,  62,  63,  66, 
70,  etc.). 

Penimbtd  raksa  :  the  rising  of  mercury  to  the 
surface  (of  the  human  body  vv^hen  struck  by  a 
weapon  and  so  intercepting  the  weapon);  a 
system  of  ensuring  invulnerability,  according 
to  Malay  belief,  by  small  doses  or  subcuta- 
neous injections  of  mercury;  cf.  kebal. 

raksasa.  [Skr,  rdksasa.]  An  evil  spirit  of 
the  Hindu  mythology;  a  tusked  man-eating 
ogre  of  hideous  appearance  and  repulsive 
habits;  Ht.  Abd.,  154;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht. 
Sh.  Mard. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata,  etc. 

Sa4engah   korang   'akal   dan   behasa^ 
Tingkah   dan   lakti   bagai  raksasa : 

some  are  wanting  in  wisdom  and  manners, 
and  their  manners  and  customs  are  those  of 
ogres;  Sh.  Nas.,  g. 


K    raksamala.     A   tree    (aUingiana)    yielding  a 


perfumed  gum.     Also  rasamala. 

raksi.     I.     Union;  commingling;  a  system  of 

fortune-telling  by  the  calculation  of  affinities ; 
a  method  of  finding  out  whether  a  proposed 
marriage  is  likely  to  be  successful  by  adding 
the  numerical  values  (according  to  the  abjad) 
of  the  names  of  the  bride  and  bridegroom  and 
so  discovering  whether  they  combine  to  form 
a  lucky  number  or  no.  In  some  cases  the 
total  number  formed  by  the  values  of  the  two 
names  is  divided  by  nine,  and  the  results  of 
the  marriage  are  predicted  according  to  the 
balance  left  over  by  the  division.  Di-raksi 
nama-nya :  their  names  were  calculated  out ; 
Ht.  Best. 

Raksikan :  to  calculate  such  an  affinity. 

Meraksi:  to  mingle;  to  be  mixed  with. 
Lilin  di-raksi  dengan  susu :  wax  mingled  with 
milk,  a  simile  for  a  much  admired  com- 
plexion ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  50. 


f"^ 


^j 


oT, 


ktOj 


cT. 


Sa-raksi:  related  by  affinity,  (hence)  suited, 
capable  of.  Ibti  bapa-nya  tiyada  sa-raksi  me- 
meliharakan  diya :  his  parents  were  not  cap- 
able of  bringing  him  up ;  Ht.  Abd.  In  this 
case  the  inability  is  suggested  as  inexplicable ; 
the  parents  did  not  seem  fated  to  bring  up 
their  children  successfully.  The  form  sa-rasi 
also  occurs. 

II.  Yielding  fragrance;  the  process  of  per- 
fuming by  putting  fragrant  herbs  or  flowers 
into  anything  so  as  to  let  them  impart  their 
fragrance  to  it.  Minyak  di-raksi:  perfumed 
oil;  perfume  made  from  flowers;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.; 
Sh.  Bid.,  66. 

Meraksi :  to  perfume.  M.  peradtiwan :  to 
perfume  a  bed  (by  strewing  flowers  over  it 
during  the  daytime) ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Pcraksi :  any  flower  used  for  perfume ;  Ht. 
Koris;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Laksana  bunga  jadi 
peraksi :  like  a  flower  which  can  be  only  used 
for  perfumery ;  a  faded  flower ;  one  which  has 
lost  its  beauty;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  2. 


rakam.      Arab.     Writing;    numerical   signs; 
the  pointing  of  a  text. 


V:3  \    rakna.     A  gem,  a  princess  ;  see  ratna. 


J    rSkat.     Adhesion;    sticking;   cleaving.     Pere- 
kat :  gum.     Cf.  lekat. 


raka'at.  Arab.  The  bowing  of  the  body  in 
prayer.  This  incurvation  of  the  body  from 
time  to  time  serves  as  a  measure  of  the 
duration  of  a  prayer.  Setnbahyang  empat  ra- 
ka'at :  a  prayer  of  length  involving  four  genu- 
flections (literally,  incurvations);  Muj.,  14. 
Sembahyang  dtma  raka'at :  a  prayer  only  two 
genuflections  in  length ;  Ht.  Abus.,  16. 


S J    rSkam.      Marah    merekam :    (  Kedah ) 
»  wrath;  anger  that  is  not  expressed. 


silent 


rSltun.     Similarity;  resemblance;  the  forma- 
^      tion  of  a  match  or  pair.     Kuda  sa-rekun :  horses 
forming  a  match  or  pair;    horses   matching 
each  other.     Cf.  rakan. 


•p  J    rukun.      Arab.      Column ;    pillar ;    support ; 
^      fundamental  basis  or  doctrine. 

Bagitu-lah   'ddat  huktmt   Islam^ 
Puwasa  siyang  makan-nya  malam : 

such  is  the  fundamental  law  of  Islam,  we  must 
fast  by  day  and  eat  only  at  night;  Bint.  Tim,, 
6th  March,  1895. 

Rickun  is  also  used  (by  extension)  of  an  im- 
portant auxiliary  or  implement  for  anything 
else.  Rukun pada  Shaitdn :  auxiliaries  to  Satan ; 
tools  for  the  deviPs  work ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 


r£kah 


[     334     ] 


r£mba 


<. 


4; 


cP. 


'J 


^J 


1- 


0 


rdlmh.     Splitting,  cracking  or  bursting  open. 

Mir^kah :  to  split ;  to  crack ;  cracked.  Delima 
mBrikah :  a  pomegranate  with  a  cracked  skin 
(displaying  its  luscious  contents) — a  simile  for 
a  rosy  mouth.  Fajar  m, :  daybreak.  Rasok 
m. :  cracked  cross-beams  in  a  house.  Masak 
mirekah-rekah :  ripe  to  bursting ;  Sh.  Tab. 
Mimpi,  16.  Sedang  merekah :  just  bursting, 
of  fruit ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 


rgga. 

q.  V. 


[  Skr.    argha,  ]     Price.     Better  hSrga, 


r6gat.     Making  a  short  cut;  making  a  bee  line 
for  any  place. 


rSgang.  Stretching;  straining  to  their  full 
length  ;  racking.  Meregang  layar :  to  stretch, 
extend  or  boom  out  a  sail.  Bengkak  mere- 
gang  :  swollen  and  stiff,  of  the  muscles  of  the 
neck;  Sh.  Peng.,  17. 

rel.  Eng.  Railing;  the  bars  of  a  window; 
iron  (in  contradistinction  to  wooden)  bars. 

r61a.     Voluptuous,  sensual.     A  term  of  abuse. 

rSlas.  The  scraping  off  of  skin  or  other 
surface  matter  by  friction  against  a  string  or 
cord-like  material  such  as  a  tree-branch. 

Merelas :  to  have  skin  scraped  off  in  this  way. 

Relas  is  used  especially  of  scraping  lumps  of 
dirt  off  any  surface  by  pressing  a  piece  of 
string  or  a  pliable  bit  of  rotan  over  that  sub- 
stance. Ktkis  would  be  used  of  rubbing  dirt 
off  the  boots  by  passing  the  sole  over  a  hard 
metal  scraper ;  cf.  also  gesek  and  kesat. 

r61us.  Teperelus:  wide  to  the  extent  of 
causing  the  interior  to  be  exposed,  of  a  rent, 
passage,  or  cavity.  Koyak  teperelus :  torn,  of 
clothes,  till  the  rent  exposes  the  flesh, 

Rumah   burok,   lantai  jarang, 
Kalau   Uperelus   malu   ka-orang  : 

your  house  is  rotten,  your  floor-pranks  are  few, 
if  the  holes  expose  the  interior  you  will  be 
shamed  in  the  sight  of  men. 

rSlang.  I.  A  flexible  ring  or  circular  band 
of  cord  or  rattan;  the  collar  of  a  dog,  the 
thole-strap  of  an  oar,  or  any  similar  object. 

II.  Glitter,  light  -  reflection ;  flashing. 
Tiperelang  kilat  itu :  the  lightning  flashed ; 
Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  19. 

rSIong.  L  A  linear  or  square  measure;  an 
"  orlong,*'  or  ij  acre. 

II.  Merelong:  forming  an  arch  or  semi- 
circle ;  vaulted ;  dome-shaped.  Mangkok  m. : 
a  finger  glass. 

Cf.  /o^,  t^lokf  pick,  jirUok,  etc. 


vJiij  rSlap.  A  flash.  Mh-elap :  to  flash.  MirHap- 
rHap  :  to  glitter ;  also  m^ngg^rilap,  M^ngerS- 
lap:  id.,  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  i.  Gemh'elap :  id., 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

J*    rSlau.     A  smelting  furnace. 

^j  rSlah.  The  splitting  of  a  seam ;  the  ripping 
of  clothes  along  a  seam ;  a  tear  from  end  to 
end.     Koyak  rBlah :  torn  and  ripped. 


^J 


J; 


rSloh.  I.  (Onom.)  A  grunting  sound;  the 
sound  of  a  low  snore,  or  snort  of  aversion. 
Bufa  mereloh :  averse  to  the  extent  of  pre- 
ferring blindness  to  doing  what  is  asked  of 
him ;  extreme  aversion. 

II.     Mereloh  :  to  hack  or  saw  at  anything. 

rfilai.  I.  The  name  of  a  tree  (unidentilied) 
the  gutta  of  which  yields  a  good  varnish. 

II.  Spontaneous  dissolution  or  falling  to 
pieces ;  crumbling  without  the  application  of 
external  agencies.  Riput  relai :  rotten  and 
crumbHng,  as  an  old  abandoned  log  crumbles 
to  pieces  in  course  of  time. 


fi^j    ram.     1.     Brooding;  sitting  on  eggs;  v.  eram. 

II.  (Onom.)    A  rumbling  sound  ;  also  eram, 
q.v. 

III.  Tingkap    ram  :    Venetian     blinds.     jR, 
matt  :  louvres. 


P 


^j 


rum.  (Onom.)  A  rumbling  sound, — deeper 
than  that  expressed  by  the  word  ram, 

rSmaja.  Just  ripening  into  full  maturity ; 
adolescent ;  the  years  when  childhood  merges 
into  manhood  or  womanhood.  Ptdira  rBmaja : 
a  young  prince  ;  a  prince  before  he  is  actually 
marriageable,  but  when  he  has  reached  an 
age  at  which  his  parents  must  begin  to 
consider  the  question  of  his  marriage ;  Sh. 
Nas.,  2;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  13.  Puteri  r.  ;  a 
princess  of  corresponding  age.  Belum  sampai 
r,  :  she  is  not  yet  even  adolescent — the 
question  of  her  marriage  need  not  even  be 
discussed ;  Sh.  Bid.,  25.  lya  remaja  putera 
'umur-nya  duwa  bilas  tahun :  the  prince  was 
a  lad  of  twelve  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Sedang  remaja  putera  :  a  prince  just  attaining 
the  age  at  which  his  marriage  might  be 
discussed,  i.  e,  about  12  years,  according  to 
Malay  ideas ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 


C)\^J    rommfijl.     Arab.     The   pomegranate ;    Muj., 
57  ;  an  Arabic  equivalent  of  buwah  dHima, 

ft^j    rSmayong.      (Kedah.)     A    climbing    plant ; 
^  (Riau,  Johor)  lembayong,  q,  v. 

^^ff-^j    rSmba.    Jalan  beremba-remba :    travelling   in 
pairs  or  in  company  ;  walking  abreast. 


RIMBA 


[  -  335    ] 


BAMBANQ 


'J 


limba.  I.  Primeval  jungle  ;  a  forest  which 
shows  no  sign  of  having  been  cleared  at  any 
time.  Haniu  r,  :  a  spirit  of  the  jungle ;  Ht. 
Best.  Hutan  rimba  :  the  jungle  generally ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  6g.  Rimba  raya  :  the  main  jungle 
as  distinct  from  outlying  patches  of  it.  Pergi 
ka-rimba  :  to  go  gutta-hunting. 

II.  (Riau.)  Rimba  rumah:  the  plan  or 
design  on  which  a  house  is  built ;  ( Johor ) 
peta  nwiah. 


romba.  I.  A  stake  in  the  water ;  a  mark 
placed  by  fishermen  to  guide  them  in  the 
construction  of  fish-traps. 

II.     Rombak-romba :  loose,  as   a   bundle   of 
stakes  ;  disordered  ;  disarranged. 


^jX^j  rambaiyan  or  rSmbayan.  Overgrown  with 
hair  (a  term  of  derision  applied  to  hairy 
people)  ;  KL,  v.  d.  W.    See  rambai. 


»)    rambat.     A  sort  of  dais  on  which  a  raja  or 
bridegroom  takes  his  seat. 


rambut.  I.  Hair;  the  hair  of  the  head; 
long  hair  in  contradistinction  to  a  mere  hairy 
or  woolly  covering  of  the  skin  (bulii),  Rambut 
sama  hitam,  hati  berlain-lain  :  the  hair  may  be 
equally  black  while  the  heart  may  differ 
greatly ;  don't  judge  by  appearances ;  Prov. 
Bergantong  rambut  sa-helai :  hanging  from  a 
single  hair ;  in  a  precarious  position  ;  Prov. 
Jiwa  bergantong  di-hujong  rambut :  my  life 
hangs  at  the  end  of  a  hair ;  my  life  hangs 
by  a  single  thread ;  Prov.  Rambut  panjang : 
long  hair,  worn  by  Bugis  warriors  as  a  mark 
of  courage. 

Apa  guna   kepok  di-ladang, 

Kalau   tidak   berisi  padi ; 
Apa  guna   berambut  panjang 

Kalau   tidak   berani   mati : 

why  have  a  store  on  your  padi-r^eld,  if  you 
don't  fill  it  with  padi  ?  Why  wear  your  hair 
long  if  you  do  not  dare  to  face  death  ? 

R.  ikal :  curly  hair  ;   Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 

i?.  j^gong :  the  hair-like  portion  in  maize. 

R,  jijak  bahu :  hairs  falling  about  the 
shoulders. 

i?.  kereteng :  frizzled  or  woolly  hair  like  the 
hair  of  a  negro. 

R,  terurai :  dishevelled  hair. 

Anak  r. :  short  hair  round  the  central 
growth. 

Gigi  r, :  the  hair  just  above  the  forehead  ; 
the  edge  of  the  hair ;  the  line  where  the  hair 
commences  to  grow  above  the  forehead  or 
neck. 

Kaki  r. :  the  top  of  the  neck  where  the  hair 
finally  ceases  to  grow, 

Suwak  r. :  the  parting. 


•J 


Rambutan :  a  tree  yielding  a  fruit  with  a 
hairy  tegument,  nephelium  lappceum,  R,  hutan : 
a  tree,  erioglossujn  edule ;  also  called  mMajam. 
R.  pachat :  a  wild  tree  with  yellow  edible 
fruit,  xerospermum  noronhianum, 

Rambuti  :  woollen  cloth  ;  Ht.  Sh. ;  Ht.  Hg. 
Tuw.,  52. 

Perambut :  the  gut  at  the  end  of  a  line  ;  the 
portion  of  the  line  near  the  hook. 

II.  Perambut:  invulnerability  to  weapons. 
P,  senjata  :  proof  against  weapons. 

renibat.  I .  Kayu,  rembat :  a  cross  bar ;  a 
transverse  piece  of  wood ;  the  bars  across  a 
fence  or  gate  in  contradistinction  to  the  up- 
rights (turns)  ;  the  cross-bar  in  a  chevau-de- 
frise ;  the  long  horizontal  pole  or  piece  of 
wood  situated  just  above  the  gunw^ale  of  a 
boat  and  serving  to  secure  the  thole  pin. 

Rembati :  to  strengthen  with  a  cross-beam  ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

II.  Striking  with  a  sweeping  horizontal 
blow. 


rembet.  Encumbrance ;  obstruction ;  any- 
thing which  impedes  or  interferes  with  mo- 
tion ;  (by  metaphor)  the  possession  of  depend- 
ents or  relatives  when  such  possession 
deprives  one  of  perfect  liberty  of  action. 


ty^j  rfimbas.  Utter  disappearance  or  destruction  ; 
destroyed ;  ended.  Habis  r. :  a  stronger 
expression  than  habis, 

{^j*^j  rembas.  An  agricultural  instrument  some- 
things like  a  b^liyong. 


lA***-^)  rambustan.  The  rambutan  fruit,  nephelium 
lappcBum ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  (two  places).  The 
form  rambutan  is  almost  universal. 


V 


^J 


rambang.  Extensive;  wide;  broad;  covering 
a  large  surface ;  including  many  items  or 
individuals.  This  word,  however,  conveys  the 
idea  of  extent  only  in  contradistinction  to 
the  idea  of  precision.  Jala  r, :  a  casting-net 
not  specially  adapted  to  any  kind  of  fish  but 
intended  for  a  miscellaneous  catch.  Lela  r. ; 
a  swivel  gun  with  a  bell  mouth  scattering 
its  pellets  in  all  directions.  Mata  r.  :  caprice 
— used  of  a  child  whose  fancy  is  always 
wandering  from  one  thing  to  another.  Ram- 
bang-rambang  pergi  ka-peperangan :  to  go  to 
war  for  the  sake  of  fighting  only  and  not  with 
a  view  to  fighting  any  one  in  particular; 
Marsd.  Melayang  berambang-rambang :  flying 
about  without  holding  on  any  particular 
course  ;  circling  in  the  air;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Cf. 
ambang. 

Merambang :  to  talk  or  act  loosely ;  to  lack 
precision;  cf.  Sh.  Nas.,  18. 


BiMBANG 


[    336*  ] 


RAMBAI 


iuAj    rdmbang.     The  meridian  or  zenith  ;  the  full 
^  brightness    of  the    sun   or   moon.     Disinar 

matahari  sMang-nya  rembang :  in  the  glow 
of  the  sun  when  at  its  meridian  ;  Sh.  Abd. 
Mk.,  49.  Jikalau  bulan  sudah  nan  rembang: 
if  the  moon  is  at  its  full ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  6. 
T^ngah  hart  r. ;  broad  noonday;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah.,  83. 

^^j  rombong.  I.  Piling  or  heaping  up  ;  rising 
in  a  heap,  PBnoh  merombong :  full  to  the 
greatest  extent — as  a  measure  of  grain  which 
is  not  only  full  to  the  brim  but  of  which  the 
contents  rise  round  the  centre  as  high  as 
gravity  will  permit. 

Cf.  biimbong,  Rndjerumbong. 

IL     A   wickerwork    receptacle   for  padi ;   a 
portable  grain  store  ;    Sh.  K.  G.  T.,  15.     Cf. 

kerubong  and  Urtibong. 

^^j    rambak.     Extending     in     every     direction  ; 

spreading,  as  a  creeper  ;  (by  metaphor) 
flourishing,  as  a  green  bay  tree ;  prosperous. 
Merambak:  to  spread,  of  a  creeper;  to  prosper, 
of  a  man. 

I^    rimbok.     (Kedah.)    A  blow  with  the  inner  side 

of  the  closed  fist ;  a  downward  blow^  with  the 
fist,  the  knuckles  being  kept  uppermost ; 
(Riau)  timbok. 


\Jy^J  rombak.  Taking  down ;  taking  to  pieces ; 
unravelling ;  the  destruction  or  dissolution  of 
anything  by  removing  or  resolving  the  com- 
ponent parts. 

Rombak    romba  :  loose  as  a  bundle  of  stakes ; 
disarranged. 

Merombakkan  :   to  unloose,  to  untie  ;  e.  g.,  to 
unloose  bonds  ;  Ht.  Best. 

Tirombak :  taken   to   pieces,    of  a  piece   of 
mechanism  ;  undone,  of  a  knot. 

Oyj  ramban.  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  barrier  or  obstacle 
thrown  across  a  river,  road  or  tidal  way ;  the 
whole  barrier,  including  uprights  (turns)  as 
well  as  cross-bars,  in  contradistinction  to  the 
cross-bars  alone  (rembat). 

Also  (Selangor)  rimban. 

Cx^j  rambun.  Tangled  undergrowth  or  driftwood ; 
the  entanglement  of  roots,  lianas,  creepers, 
etc.,  considered  as  an  obstruction  to  traffic. 


Oyj  rimban.  Lofty  and  swelling;  lofty  and  thick, 
as  the  sail  of  a  ship  or  the  foliage  of  a  tree  ; 
cf.  rampak  (broad  and  thick).  Terlalu  rinibun 
datm-nya :  its  foliage  was  dense  and  lofty ; 
Ht.  Koris, 


Oyj  rambun,  Menmtbim  apt  :  to  cause  a  fire  to 
flare  up ;  to  pile  wood  on  a  fire  so  as  to 
increase  its  size.     Cf.  rombong^  bumbong,  etc. 


L^J 


J^J 


J^J 


rSmbuniya.  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  common  fruit 
tree  bearing  very  acid  fruit,  bouea  macrophylla  ; 
(Kedah)  rumeniya. 

rSmbau.  A  State  in  the  Negri  Sembilan. 
Golok  r.  :  a  chopper  of  the  Menangkabau 
type.* 

rambu.  I.  A  thick  post,  pillar  or  prop. 
Rambu  perahti :  two  posts  in  the  bows  of  a 
native  vessel. 

n.  Rambu-rambn :  a  hanging  fringe;  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub. 

Tombak  r. ;  a  pike  with  a  hanging  fringe 
under  the  spear-head.  Orang  tuwa  bongkok 
pakai  tombak  rambu :  an  old  hunchback  with 
a  fringed  pike, — a  riddling  description  of  a 
lobster. 

HI.  (Penang.)  Merambu  :  to  pick  up  odds 
and  ends,  to  forage  indiscriminately  ;  (Riau, 
Johor)  meramu ;  v.    ramu, 

rambutan.  The  well-knawn  fruit,  nephelmm 
lappceum ;  v.  rambui, 

rambuti.  Coarse  hair  or  woollen  cloth;  v. 
rambut, 

rdmbugai.  A  plant,  the  '*  horse-radish"  tree, 
moringa  pterygosperma.  Also  called  (Riau) 
lembugai  and  (Kedah)  remtmggai. 

rdmbunai.  A  fair  or  medium  size ;  the 
proper  or  average  height  and  build  ;=  seder- 
hana. 

Tikns  r. :  a  species  of  mouse  or  rat ;  Sh*  Sri. 
Ben.,  8. 


^j  rambah.  I.  Moist,  damp  (not  necessarily 
muddy),  of  ground. 

II.  (Kedah.)  Short,  quick,  chopping 
strokes  such  as  are  used  to  cut  thin  under- 
growth or  light  branches.  Merambah :  to  chop 
anything  with  such  short,  quick  strokes. 

<^  rambeh.  Berambeh  or  merambeh  :  to  go  on  a 
trip  or  excursion  with  one's  family ;  to  pay  a 
family  visit  to  a  friend's  house  or  to  a  shrine. 

'^J  rSmbah.  I.  Rhnbah-rembeh :  flowing,  of 
tears.     Also  rembah-leleh. 

1 1.  Rembah-rembeh  :  improperly  adjusted, 
of  clothing,  as  when  a  sarong  is  drawn  up  too 
high  on  one  side  and  gives  an  uneven  appear- 
ance to  the  costume. 

'^j    rdmbeh.     V.  rembah, 

^j  rambai.  I.  A  common  fruit  tree,  baccaiirea 
motley  ana, 

R,  ay  am  :  baccaurea  wallichii.  Also  rnparia 
fascicidata  and  anisophyllea  disticha, 

i?.  Uikit :  baccaurea  brevipes. 


RUMBAI 


[    337     ] 


BAMPIS 


iS^'J 


R.  chuchut :  (Malacca)  aporosa  aurea. 

R,  daun :  galearia  phlebocarpa  and  shorea 
acuminata, 

R,  pontiyanak  :  galearia   affinis, 

Akar  rambai  datm  :  ceschynanthus  radicans, 

II.  BhIh  rambai :  short  feathers  on  either 
sidei  of  the  tail  of  a  fowl,  the  long  tail  feathers 
being  buht  Ida  or  bulu  lawi, 

Rambaiyan  :  hairy ;  a  nickname  given  to  a 
very  hairy  man, 

rumbai.      Tassel ;     hanging  tuft ;     pendant ; 
cf.  umbai  dudjerumbai, 

Berumbai  and  berumbai-rtmibai  :  with  pen- 
dants ;  edged  with  pendants,  tassels  or  tufts. 
Ayer  mata  beruinbai-rumbai :  teardrops  hanging 
(from  the  eye-lid) ;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  48. 
Bcritmbaikan  mutiyara :  with  pendant  pearls, 
Sh.  Bid.,  13.  Berwnbai-rumbaiyan  :  pendant; 
in  suspension;    Sh.  Ch.  Ber.,  5. 


hanging  , 


^  .    r^mbiya.     The  sago-palm,  sagtis  IcBvis. 

dSs^j    rgmbega.        (Kedah.)        A     plant,    calotropis 
proccra  ;  (Riau,  Johor)  Ihnbega, 


•^    remut.     Merermit  :    (Kedah)   to    pulsate  ;    to 
bent,  as  an  artery.  Cf.  temut. 


^j^j    ramrud.     Eng.     Ramrod ;  =  pelantak, 

{^j^j  rSmis.  A  species  of  shell-fish  ;  a  small  and 
common  shell;  Ht.  Abd.,  88,  202,  284;  Ht. 
Gh. 


r 


•j 


ramsum.  [Dutch  :  rantsoem.]  Rations  ;  the 
common  allowance  of  rice  and  provisions  to 
an  army  or  to  a  force  of  labourers ;  Sh.  Lamp., 
16.  Perenipuwan  r.  :  filles  publiqnes  ;  prosti- 
tutes accompanying  a  Netherlands  India 
arm}^ ;  female  camp-followers.  Ramsmn  is 
also  often  added  to  a  woman's  name  with  a 
very  discreditable  meaning. 


yj^)    ramadlan.     Arab.     The   name  of  the  ninth 
^      Muhammadan   month;    the   fasting    month; 


Ramazan,- 
ptiwasa. 


-more  usually  spoken  of  as  bidan 


t"-> 


remang.  I.  The  comparative  obscurity  of 
a  cloudy  day;  thick  cloudy  weather  in  the 
daytime.  Mhtgubahkan  remang  kapada  rem- 
bang :  to  change  gloom  into  the  brightness 
of  noonday;  Bint.  Tim.,  4  April,  1895, 

II.  Fragility;  brittleness  ;  =  rapoh. 

III.  Mercmang:  to  be  stiffly  erect,  of  hair 
which  is  cut  too  short  or  which  requires 
oiling. 


S^. 


•J  rSmunggai.  (Kedah.)  The  ''  horse-radish " 
tree,  morijiga  pterygospernia ;  (Riau)  lembngai, 
(Singapore)  rembugai. 


»j  rSmpa.  Merempa:  to  (literally)  beat  about 
the  bush  or  jungle;  to  make  one's  way 
through  scrub  or  forest  where  there  is  no 
path. 


•j  rampat.  I.  Sweeping  about  a  long  pole 
(or  any  similar  object)  so  as  to  strike  any 
one  approaching  within  a  certain  radius; 
turning  a  hose  in  all  directions  so  as  to 
keep  people  at  a  distance ;  covering  a  certain 
radius  or  area  with  sweeping  blows  (and  so 
defending  oneselt),  as  distinct  from  defend- 
ing oneself  by  deliberate  blows  aimed  at 
definite  persons. 

Memaki  merampat  papan :  to  launch  out 
sweeping  abuse;  to  abuse  people  generally, 
in  contradistinction  to  abuse  levelled  at 
individuals. 

II.  Tali  perampat :  the  rope  attaching  a 
steering-paddle  to  the  tiyang  goyang. 


oJUj    ramput.     (Riau.)     Meramput:  to  talk  foolishly 
and  lyingly ;  to  tell  lies  which  take  no  one  in. 


*j  rempat.  Blown  aside  by  stress  of  weather, — 
used  especially  of  a  ship  being  driven  on 
a  lee  shore. 


O^Xm  rumput.  Grass ;  a  generic  name  for  grasses. 
Tinggi  rumptU  dari  kayu :  grass  higher  than 
trees ;  a  proverbial  expression  to  describe  an 
unnatural  or  impossible  state  of  affairs. 
Bagai  embtm  di-hajong  rumptit :  like  dew  at 
the  tip  of  a  blade  of  grass ;  a  proverbial  symbol 
of  transience. 

Sayang   ka-rumputy   buwang  padi ; 
Sayang  ka-padi,   buwang   rumput : 

if  you  want  grass  you  must  throw  away  padi, 
if  you  want  padi,  you  must  throw  away  the 
grass;  Prov. 

Merumput :  to  weed ;  to  clear  a  plantation  of 
weeds  and  grasses ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

^j*^j  rampas.  Taking  by  force,  carrying  off  by 
force,  confiscation,  plundering,  Senjata-nya 
di-rampas  dan  orang-nya  di-hukum :  the 
weapons  were  taken  away  and  their  owners 
punished ;  Ht.  Abd.,  258.  Hukum  dan  rampas 
dan  denda :  punishments,  confiscations,  and 
fines;  Ht.  Abd.,  216. 

Rampasan :   plunder  taken    in  war ;  booty ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Merampas :  to   forcibly   seize,   confiscate   or 
carry  off. 

Terampas :    seized,  confiscated,  carried  off; 
Muj.,  40. 


(j^j   rampus. 

coarsely ; 


Merampus :     to     speak     foully 
to  use  bad  or  filthy  language. 


or 


,  jAdUj    rampis.     (Kedah.)     Merampis :    to     haul    in 
^     ^      the  sail  a  little  ;  to  draw  in  the  sheet ;  (Riau, 
Johor)  merapeh. 


43 


REMPUS 


[    338    ] 


rSmpIsnai 


\jr**J 


Lr*v 


tfv 


i^j 


Jfv 


^J 


rempus  or  rimpus.  Lifting  up  any  object 
by  clutching  it  with  both  hands  and  raising 
it ;  lifting  up  a  person  lying  on  the  ground 
when  that  person  is  so  picked  up  that  the 
recumbent  attitude  is  preserved. 

Merempus :  to  lift  up  a  person  in  this  way ; 
Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  60. 

rompis.  Chipped  at  the  tip  or  on  the  edge. 
Telinga-mu  ini  sudah  rompis-rompis  bikas  kena 
senjata  orang :  this  ear  of  yours  has  had  a 
piece  cut  off,  a  sign  that  you  have  been 
wounded  with  some  weapon  ;  Ht.  Gh. 


rampang. 

areca  nut. 


Inferior ;  lacking  in  juice,  of  the 


ramping.  L  Slender,  delicately  and  grace- 
fully formed,  especially  of  the  waist.  Ping- 
gang-nya  ramping:  her  waist  was  slender; 
Sh.  Bid.,  21 ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  105 ;  Cr.  Gr., 
20;  Ht.  Abd.,  86,  etc.  This  expression 
occurs  in  almost  every  description  of  a  Malay 
beauty,  but  it  must  not  be  taken  to  mean 
wasp-waisted  or  unnaturally  slender  (genting, 
q.  v.). 

11.  Rompang-ramping :  tattered  and  torn, 
of  an  atap  wall  or  any  similar  object,  but  not 
of  cloth  (chompang'champing,  q.  v.) ;  perforated 
by  numerous  holes,  as  a  house  after  a 
bombardment;    Pel.  Abd.,  56. 

Meramping :  to  be  tattered  at  the  edge,  of  a 
piece  of  matting. 


r6mpang. 

in     brains ; 
'^touched.'* 


Rempang  behasa  :   slightly  lacking 
not      having     all     one's     wits; 


iL%    rempang.     Stretching   out  in  long  streamers 
CT^      which  do  not  adhere  to  each  other.    Jari  r,: 

fingers  or  toes  wide  apart   (especially  in  the 

latter  sense). 


rempong.  The  seizure  in  one  hand  of  the 
forefeet  or  hindfeet  of  a  small  animal  or  of 
the  feet  of  a  fowl ;  tying  the  feet  of  a  fowl 
together ;    pinioning  a  man's  lower  limbs. 

Habts  pikir,  jangan   bohong ; 

Salah  jawdb   kena   rempong : 
think   it   out   and   don't   tell  a 
answer  will  see  you  in  irons. 


lie ; 


wrong 


iju%    rimping.     Perimping :  the  end  man  of  a  row  ; 
^  the   objects   at 

similar  objects 


the   objects   at   the  extreme  end  of  a  row  of 


mxMj    rompang.      Rompang-ramping :   tattered   and 
w-^      torn  ;  v.  ramhin^,  II. 


rompeng  or  romping.  Defective  or  maimed 
—used  especially  of  a  nose  of  which  the  lobe 
of  a  nostril  has  been  cut  or  eaten  away ;  a 
diminutive  of  rompong,  q.  v. 


'^j 


j**j 


J**j 


J^J 


o*t> 


is^J 


rompong.  Maimed  or  injured  by  the  com- 
plete loss  of  a  prominent  feature  such  as  a 
nose  or  an  ear;  the  cutting  off  of  such  a 
feature.  Ada yang  rompong  hidong-ny a:  some 
had  lost  their  noses;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 
Kelihatan4ah  gigi-nya  yang  rompong  tin :  the 
cavities  caused  by  broken  teeth  could  be 
seen;  his  deficiencies  in  teeth  were  visible; 
Ht.  Ind,  Nata.  Maka  belalai  gajah  itu-pun 
puttis,  rompong'lah  mnha-nya :  the  trunk  of  the 
elephant  broke  off  and  his  face  gaped  open ; 
Ht.  Hamz.,  73. 

Rompongkan,  and  merompongkan :  to  cut  off 
or  slit  off  a  prominent  feature;  Ht,  Kal. 
Dam.,  404, 

rampak.     Thick  and  spreading  (of  a  tree) — 

used  of  a  broad  low  tree  in  contradistinction 
to  the  umbrageousness  of  a  lofty  one  (v. 
riinbim),  Terlalu  sangat  rampak  dahan-nya 
sampai  ka-tanah  sapirti  suwahi  bilek  rupa-nya : 
its  boughs  were  spacious  and  extended  down 
to  the  ground  forming  what  looked  like  a 
chamber;  Ht.  Koris. 

rSmpak.  Sa-rlmpak  :  in  time ;  in  unison ;  in 
line. 

Sa-ratm   mwami   dengan   isteri, 
Sa-rempak   menari   kanan  dan   kiri : 

a  hundred  couples,  husbands  with  wives,  were 
dancing  in  unison  to  the  right  or  the  left ; 
Bint.  Tim.,  2^  January,  1895. 

rempak.  Split,  on  one  side  or  other,  but 
not  down  the  centre ;  v.  belah. 

rompak.     Robbery;  piracy;  plunder;  taking 

by  force;  theft  accompanied  with  violence. 
This  word  is  especially  used  of  piracy.  Di- 
rompak  Lamm  :  plundered  by  Lanun  pirates  ; 
Sh.  Peng.,  13, 

Merompak :  to  plunder ;  to  commit  piracy. 

Perompak :  a  pirate.  Sarang  p. :  a  nest  of 
pirates;  Ht.  Abd.,  230.  Perompak  darat  di- 
gelar  orang:  men  called  them  land  pirates; 
Sh.  Pr.  Turk.,  10, 

rompok.      Birompok :    bordered    or    fringed 

with  ornamental  cloth,  of  a  mat,  etc.,  when 
such  a  border  does  not  go  round  the  mat  but 
is  confined  to  certain  portions  of  it.  See 
ompok. 

rumpun.  The  stem  of  a  grass;  the  shoots 
from  a  common  root  in  any  grass ;  a  numeral 
coefficient  for  individual  plants  (grasses) ;  Sh. 
Bur.  Nuri,  20;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  46;  Sh.  Raj. 
Haji ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.  Sa-rumptm  serai :  a 
shoot  of  lemon  grass.  Sa-rumpun  biiloh :  the 
shoots  of  bamboo  springing  from  one  common 
root. 

rdmp^nai.      (Selangor,     Malacca.)      A    tree 

(ardisia  coriacea?).  Also  (Johor)  pinai  and 
(Riau)  mBmpinai, 


RAMPEH 


[     339     ] 


RINTIS 


J>^J 


4ju 


•J 


Ax* 


*J 


4X4 


'J 


<U« 


'J 


L^J 


J^J 


ot> 


rampeh.  (Kedah.)  Merampeh :  haul  in  the 
sheet  a  little ;  to  pluck  the  end  of  a  twig  or 
branch  ;  a  variant  of  mirampis  ;  (Riau, 
Johor)  mSrapeh, 

nimpu.  Merumpu :  to  heap  fuel  on  a  lire  to 
make  it  smoke  heavily,  especially  by  way  of 
a  practical  joke, 

r^mpah.  Drug;  spice;  ingredient;  an  item 
going  to  make  up  a  medical  prescription ; 
the  different  spices  required  for  flavouring  a 
dish.  Kedai  Keling  menjuwal  rempah :  a 
Kling  ''curry-stuff*'  shop;  Sh,  Sing.  Terb., 
13.  Ini-lah  rempah-nya :  the  ingredients  are 
as  follows ;  the  recipe  or  prescription  is  as 
follow^s.  Ada-kah  tiiwan  tahti  bagai-ntana  atau 
apa-apa  rempah-nya  membuwat  ubat  bedil :  do 
you  know,  Sir,  how  or  with  what  ingredients 
gunpowder  is  made  ?    Pel.  Abd.,  82. 

R,  ratus :  the  '*  hundred  ingredients,"  a 
medicine  given  to  women  after  confinement. 

rempah.  Rehah  rempah  :  stumbling  and  fall- 
ing ;  the  fall  of  a  man  who  tries  to  recover 
his  footing  only  to  fall  again;  Sej.  MaL,  45; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  62 ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub. ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  82,  etc. 

r6mpoh.  Knocking  over;  upsetting.  A 
stronger  w^ord  than  Urnpoh,  q.  v.  Merempoh  : 
to  knock  against ;  to  knock  over ;  Sh.  Sg. 
Ranch.,  21 ;  Sh.  Nas.,  9. 

rempoh.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Lifting  (a  man) 
bodily;  putting  one's  arm  round  a  man's 
waist  and  raising  him  off  the  ground. 

rampai.  Miscellaneous ;  of  a  mixed  charac- 
ter; variety.  Bunga  r. ;  a  fragrant  preparation 
made  by  cutting  up  pandanus  leaves  and 
mixing  the  shreds  with  the  petals  of  flowers, 
with  perfumes,  etc.  Miiiyak  r. :  a  fragrant 
oil  made  with  various  flowers.  Panttm  r, :  a 
miscellaneous  collection  of  disconnected 
panttms,  Penganan  i\ :  cakes  of  all  sorts. 
Pikir  nan  jangan  banyak  dt-rampai :  do  not 
let  your  thoughts  be  too  inconsequent;  Sh, 
Put.  Ak.,  29. 

Rampaikan:  to  scatter  (the  btinga  rampai); 
(by  metaphor)  to  spread  news,  etc.  Khabar 
di-rampaikan :  the  news  was  spread ;  Sh.  Ul., 
66. 

Merampai :  to  cut  up  (the  pandan  leaves  to 
make  the  bunga  rampai);  cf.  laksana  merampai 
si  bunga  pandan;  Sh.  Jub.  Mai.,  15. 

rimpi.  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  preparation  made 
by  drying  a  banana  in  the  sun,  and  so  pre- 
serving and  selling  it;  (Kedah)  impi, 

rSmak.     Liefer;  better;  it  were  better  that. 

Remak  matt  daripada  hidop  yang  sty  a -sty  a  ini : 
better  death  than  a  useless  life  like  this ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  6.  Remak4ah  matt  hardm  ta'-lari  : 
better  die ;  never,  never  run  away ;  Sh.  Abd. 
Mk.,  62. 


d^J 


jr 


'J 


rSmok.  Smashed  to  pieces  ;  dashed  to  pieces, 
as  crockery;  Sh.  K.  G.  T.,  16;  broken,  as 
a  man's  head  when  struck  by  a  heavy  club ; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  19. 

Remok-redam:  crushed  to  atoms,  an  inten- 
sitive  of  remok;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  40;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg., 
18.  Remok  redani  hati :  broken  in  spirit; 
crushed  morally;  Ht.  Abd.,  447. 

rammal.  Arab.  Geomancy ;  the  science  by 
which  men  professed  to  discover  by  figures 
drawn  on  sand  the  events  which  were  about 
to  occur.  Membilang  r, :  to  take  a  horoscope; 
Ht.  Mash.,  6,  33 ;  Sh,  Bur.  Pungg.,  9. 


Xaj    rumfiniya.     (Kedah.)     A  fruit,   bouea  macro- 
phylla;  (Riau,  Johor)  rembuniya. 

^^y^j    rSmudu.       (Kedah.)      The     tadpole;     (Riau, 
Johor)  berndu. 

^j    remai.     Fine  or  small  ;   minute,  as  particles 
of  sand  or  dust. 


'J 


rSnta.      Merenta   or   merenta-renta :   to   speak 
angrily  or  in  high  tones;  Sh.  UL,  17. 


2^ »    renta.     Tuwa   renta :    (Riau,   Johor)    old   and 


0 


wl^ 


V 


U^J 


weak ;  decrepit 

ronta.  Meronia :  to  struggle  to  free  oneself 
from  any  one's  grasp ;  to  try  to  tear  oneself 
loose,  as  a  thief  wishing  to  escape  from  the 
clutch  of  a  policeman.  Tuwan  puUri  pun 
fumangis  terlalu  sangat  seraya  meronta-ronta 
hhidak  berlepas  diri-nya :  the  princess  wept 
copiously  and  struggled  to  free  herself  from 
his  grasp ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  The  word  also 
occurs  :  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ; 
Sh.  Peng.,  17;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  13;  Sh. 
A.  R.  S.  J,,  9,  25.  The  forms  rontah  and 
rontak  also  occur. 

rSnut.  Tali  remit:  the  belly-band  in  the 
trappings  of  an  elephant. 

rSntaka.  [Skr.  kalantaka  ?]  A  small  swivel 
gun;  a  small  tela;  Sh.  Peng.,  17;  Sh.  Sri  Ben. 

rantas.  (Kedah.)  Cutting  a  trace  through 
the  jungle ;   (Riau,  Johor)  rentas,  q.  v. 


ly^j  rfintas.  L  (Riau,  Johor.)  Cutting  a  trace ; 
taking  a  short  cut  through  the  jungle.  Rin- 
tas  berentas :  clearing  a  path  through  the 
forest.     Merentas :  to  so  clear  a  path. 

Also  (Kedah)  rantas. 

n.     (Kedah.)     Breaking  by  a  jerk;   (Riau, 
Johor)  runtas,  q.  v. 

III.     Clearing  a  river  bed  of  snags. 


LTV 


rintis.     Cutting  a  thin  line  or  trace  through 
the  jungle ; — less  than  rentas,  q.  v. 


RINTAS 


[    340    ] 


RUNTUN 


jj*^  rintas.  Cutting  across  from  point  to  point, 
taking  the  shortest  line.  BHayar  mlrintas 
sigala  tanjong-tanjong :  sailing  from  the  extre- 
mity of  one  promontory  direct  to  the  extreme 
point  of  the  next ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Cf. 
lintas. 


U^J 


^J 


t'J 


t^ 


runtas.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Breaking  by  a 
sudden  pull  or  jerk,  as  one  breaks  a  piece  of 
string ;   (Kedah)  rentas. 

MBmntas :  to  so  break  (any  string,  cord, 
or  cord-like  material).  M,  tali:  to  snap  a 
thread,  to  break  a  piece  of  string ;  Sh.  Panj. 
Sg.  (in  three  places). 

rantang.  I.  A  kind  of  basket  or  hamper  for 
provisions  ;  a  covered  basket  of  wicker-work. 
R.  pinggan :  a  covered  basket  for  carrying 
plates  and  dishes. 

II.  Penetrability  to  sight ;  leaflessness  or 
thinness  of  foliage  in  a  tree.  R,  mata  meman- 
dang :  offering  a  clear  view. 

ranting.  A  twig ;  a  small  leafless  branch  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  26,  311,  409;  Ht.  Mash.,  57. 
JEnggang  lain  ranting  patah  :  the  hornbill  flies 
past  as  the  branch  breaks  ;  a  coincidence 
which  seems  more  than  a  coincidence  and 
casts  suspicion  on  the  bird;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
L,  88. 

Belalang  ranting :  a  stick-insect ;  phasma 
gigas. 


rSntang.  I.  Stretched  out;  extended;  cf. 
bmtang.  Bentang  is  used  of  mats,  carpets, 
etc.,  lying  open  on  the  floor ;  reniang  is  used 
of  an  object  being  tied  or  held  out  or  kept 
open  by  pressure,  as  nets  are  stretched  along 
a  tideway.  Rentangkan :  (transitive)  to  ex- 
tend, to  stretch  out.  Rentangkan  tali  :  stretch 
out  the  cords;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz.  Merintangkan 
rantai :  to  stretch  out  a  chain  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  63. 

Merentang :  to  stand  extended  or  open  ;  to 
stretch  across  anything,  as  clouds  stretch 
across  the  sky;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  20;  Sh.  Ik. 
Trub.,  12 ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

Rentang  is  also  used  as  a  classifier  or 
numeral  co-efiicient  for  objects  (such  as  field- 
nets)  which  are  stretched  out ;  Sh.  Lail. 
Mejn.,  17. 

Rentang  is  used  again  of  the  object  for 
which  nets  and  cords  of  this  sort  are  stretched 
out,  i.  e.,  for  interception  or  catching, 
Ta'-akan  rentang  pelnru  di4alang :  a  bullet 
is  not  to  be  stopped  in  long  grass;  Prov. 
Tidakkan  terentang  kirbau  di-tandok-nya :  a 
buffalo  is  not  to  be  stopped  at  the  point  of 
its  horns ;  Prov. 

By  the  Dutch  authorities,  rentang  is  written 
rintang,  as  a  variant  of  lintang. 

II.  A  round,  in  the  sense  of  cocks  fighting 
a  round  or  two  but  not  fighting  to  a  finish. 
Mari'lah  kita  rentang  ayam  :  let  us  make  these 
cocks  fight  a  round  or  two;  Ht.  Raj. 
Don.,  63. 


jCj\    rSntong.     Burnt  to  a  cinder ;  scorched  and 


black 


fj    rSntap.      Pulling,    hauling,    tugging- 
hauls  at  a  tug-of-war  ;  cf.  rentak. 


O^J 


O^J 


Cr'j 


Cr'J 


r^ 


CnJ; 


C^j 


-as   one 


rSntak.  Stamping  the  feet  in  anger  ;  stamp- 
ing a  sulky  refusal,  like  an  angry  child. 
Berhitdk  serta  menebah  dada :  stamping  the 
feet  and  beating  the  breast ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 
Cf.  antak,  entak,  etc. 

rentak.     HauHng  at  a  rope  (of  which  one  end 

is  fixed) ;  tugging  at  a  chain,  as  a  dog  when 
it  is  tied  up  and  desires  to  get  loose.  Maka 
anjing  iiu-pun  mcrentak  rantai  itu  lain  piitus : 
the  dog  hauled  at  the  chain  and  it  broke;  Sej. 
Mai.,  141.     Cf.  rcntap. 

rintek.     Speckled  ;    spotted  ;    a  slight  spot  or 

speckle  on  a  background  of  a  different  colour. 
Hnjan  rintek  or  hujan  rintek-rintek  :  fine 
drizzling  rain;  Ht.  Sg,  Samb. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  392; 
Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  4.  Hujan  rintek-rintek 
behasa  :   a  very  fine  drizzle  ;    Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Ayam  berintek  :  a  speckled  fowl.  Bapa-nya 
borek^  anak~nya  rintek :  when  the  father  is 
spotted  the  child  is  speckled ;  like  father  like 
son;    Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  L,  93. 


rontak.     Struggling   to   get    free,  an  effort  to 

release  oneself  from  the  grasp  of  another. 
Merontak  :  to  struggle  ;  Ht.  Best.  See  ro/i^a, 
which  is  the  commoner  form. 


rantam.  Subscription  or  contribution  for  a 
common  object  such  as  the  purchase  of  a 
buffalo  for  slaughteritig  ;  a  kind  of  joint-stock 
arrangement  when  the  means  of  individuals 
are  insufficient  for  any  purpose. 


rdntan.  A  weak  state  of  health  predisposing 
to  disease ;  getting  into  a  weak  or  unfit 
state  such  as  may  cause  a  slight  injury  to 
prove  dangerous.  R.  hati :  a  bad  disposition 
towards  anyone ;  a  state  of  mind  such  as 
makes  one  prone  to  believe  evil  of  another 
person,  or  to  take  offence  readily  at  anything 
he  does. 


runtun.  Dragging  any  person  along  by  the 
hand;  dragging  anything  along  with  a  string; 
pulling  a  bell  rope ;  hauling  on  a  rope  an  end 
of  which  is  fixed ;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  8;  Sh. 
K.  G.  T.,  17.     Cf.  ttinttm, 

Pagar-pagar   batang   chabai, 
Anak  seinut  dalam   kebnn; 

Ingat'ingat^   ayuhai   Pa^    Lebai, 
Mdlikn'l-mdiU  hendak   runtun  : 

remember,   remember,   my   father  Lebai,  the 
Angel  of  Death  will  be  hauling  you  off. 


RANTAU 


[    341    ] 


RUNJUN 


y^j  raxitau.  A  reach,  of  a  river ;  a  long  straight 
stretch  of  coast,  in  contradistinction  to  a 
curving  shore  (v.telok).  Telok  rantau  :  bays 
and  reaches;  the  coast  line  generally;  the 
whole  country. 

Binatang  di-hutan  setmiwa  di-ta^aluk, 
Gunong  rimba  rantau  dan  telok: 

he  subjugated  all  the  beasts  of  the  jungle,  in 
the  mountains,  forests,  reaches  and  bays. 

Merantau :  to  wander  from  country  to 
country;  to  emigrate  in  search  of  a  live- 
lihood; Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  3;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn,, 
13- 


^j   rontah 


To  struggle,  to  release  oneself  from 
the  grasp  of  another ;  =  ronta,  q.  v. 


'^J  runtoh.  Falling  down ;  tumbling  to  pieces 
— of  a  massive  object  such  as  a  masonry 
building  or  as  a  mountain.  Jikalati  beberapa 
banyak  pun  anjing  mmyalak^  bukit  buleh-kah 
runtoh :  however  many  dogs  may  bark,  is 
the  hill  likely  to  come  tumbling  down  ? 
Prov. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  175.  Langit  runtoh^  burnt 
chayer :  the  sky  falls  and  the  earth  is 
reduced  to  a  pulp;  a  great  man's  subordi- 
nates are  ruined  by  his  fall;  Prov.,  J.  S. 
A.    S.,    IL,    156. 

Tebing  r, :  the  **  sunken  bank,"  a  name 
given  to  a  supposed  Atlantis  in  the  centre  of 
the  Great  Ocean  (pusat  tasek).  This  land  was 
the  abode  of  the  Evil  Spirits  till  it  was 
engulfed  and  scattered  its  inhabitants  over  the 
seas  and  forests  of  the  world.  From  this 
sunken  land,  the  Pauh  Janggi  is  supposed  still 
to  rear  its  branches  above  the  surface  of  the 
sea. 

Runtohkan  and  meruntohkan :  to  cause  a 
heavy  body  to  come  crashing  down ;  to  pull 
down  anything  massive  and  heavy — such  as  a 
masonry  pillar  (Sh.  K.  G.  T.,  17),  or  house, 
Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  7;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  125. 

Keruntohan  :  a  heavy  crashing  fall ;  a  col- 
lapse, Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  16. 

^^j  rantai.  A  chain.  R,  buloh  :  a  chain  of  bam- 
boo cylinders  with  a  string  through  them. 
Baju  r, :  a  coat  of  mail,  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Babi 
r.,  or  babi  birantai :  a  wild  pig  believed  by 
Malays  to  have  a  chain  of  two  or  three  links 
connecting  its  tusks.  This  chain  serves  as  a 
talisman  rendering  it  invulnerable.  Best 
rantai  babi:  iron  obtained  from  this  chain, — 
believed  by  Malays  to  be  a  mighty  talisman 
of  invulnerability  for  the  lucky  finder  or 
purchaser.  Tikam  baju  rantai:  a  heavy 
pike,  intended  to  penetrate  armour  by  the 
force  of  its  momentum.  Siput  r. :  a  long 
narrow  shell.  Rantai  kaseh  dan  tulus  mesera : 
the  bonds  of  affection  and  deep-seated  loyalty. 

Rantaikan  :  to  chain  ;  to  put  in  chains. 

Berantai  :   in  chains ;  wearing  a  chain. 

Kain  b. :  a  kind  of  cloth  with  a  pattern  of 
gold  thread ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Berantai  susun 
tujoh  belit :  to  wear  a  necklace  of  seven 
strings;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 


^j  rSnti.  Stopping;  cessation  ;=ft^;t^e.  Cf.  ber- 
henti,  of  which  renti  is  probably  assumed  to 
be  the  root.  Bei'bunyi  tanbur  sa-dikit  ta' -renti: 
the  drumming  never  ceased  for  a  moment; 
Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  11. 

Rentikan :  to  terminate,  to  put  a  stop  to,  to 
stop.  Di-rentikan  parang  ptcting :  he  stopped 
the  chopper-blade  (which  was  automatically 
cutting   off  the   heads   of  his  enemies);    Ht. 

pg.  ptg. 

Baik   berniyaga   atau   berperang, 
Rentikan  dahulu   masa  sekarang : 

whether  engaging  in  trade  or  in  war,  it  is  best 
not  to  go  on  at  such  a  time  as  this;  Sh, 
Rej.,  6. 

^y  nmtai.  Memntai  and  meruntai-runtai  :  hang- 
ing loose ;  dangling ;  v.  untai, 

Sa-runtai  is  used  as  a  numeral  co-efficient  for 
rantai, 

^^J  runti.  The  process  of  cleaning  the  common 
rattan  of  commerce  (rotan  sega)  by  scraping 
off  its  asperities.  Kena  runti :  (by  metaphor) 
to  have  one's  corners  rubbed  off  one ;  to  get 
one's  peculiarities  or  eccentricities  knocked 
out  of  one. 

ij*'^  rSnjas.  Mermjas,  or  (in  less  degree)  merenjis: 
(Kedah)  to  be  sulky,  to  go  off  or  do  anything 
angrily  or  in  a  sulky  way ;  Ht.  Best ;  (Riau) 
merennyah  and  merennyeh. 

{J^J  ^^^jis.  I.  Renjiskan  and  tnerenjiskan :  to 
sprinkle;  to  dash  a  few  drops  of  water  over 
any  one  ;    Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  100;  Ht.  Sh. 

n,     Merenjis  :  to  be  sulky  ;  v.  renjas. 

7^ J    ranjang.     A  large  bedstead  or  state  bed;  a 
^  double  bed  ;  Sh.  K.  G.  T. ;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb. 

5^j  renjong.  Ketam  renjong:  a  large  variety  of 
crab  ;  the  king-crab  ? 

ifej^j    runjang,     I.     Merunjang:   to  thrust  at  any- 
^  thing  we  cannot  see,  as  when  a  man  drives 

a  spear  into  a  pool  or  cavity  where  he  knows 
a  fish  to  be  although  he  cannot  see  it. 

n,     A  kind  of  crowbar. 

"J    runjong.     Benmjong  or  rnirunjong :  to  be  piled 
up  in  a  heap,  as  rice  on  a  plate. 


cf- 


^j    rSnjak.     Merenjak  :  to  walk  springily. 

^j    nmjam.     Stamping  or  ramming  down ;   (by 
*  metaphor)  stuffing  down  food,  guzzling.     Cf. 

unjam, 

(J^j    runjun.     Merunjun:  to  fish  with  a  live  frog 
baited  to  a  small  line. 


RANJAU 


[    342    ] 


RANCHAH 


^j  railjau.  A  caltrop;  a  contrivance  made  of 
one  or  more  sharp-pointed  pieces  of  bamboo 
so  placed  or  arranged  as  to  injure  a  careless, 
unshod  enemy;  Ht.  Abd..  58;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah. 

i?.  chachak  :  splinters  driven  into  the  ground 
pointing  upwards  so  as  to  injure  anything 
running  against  them  or  falling  on  them. 
These  splinters  are  used  in  pitfalls  or  snares 
for  wild  animals. 

R,  mata  parut :  a  caltrop  consisting  of  a 
plank  covered  with  spikes, 

JR.  mata  satu  :  a  caltrop  consisting  of  a  small 
piece  of  planking  with  a  single  spike. 

i?.  mata  tiga :  a  caltrop  with  three  spikes 
pointing  in  different  directions  so  that  when 
dropped  on  the  ground  one  of  the  three  spikes 
is  sure  to  point  upwards. 

Meranjau  :  a  form  of  coitus, 

PBranjau :  a  thief  who  prowls  about  by  day 
in  search  of  easy  opportunities  for  night- 
thefts. 


j^j    runjau.     Lankiness;    disproportionately    tall 
stature. 


(s^j  ranjuna.  [Skr.  Arjtma].  Arjuna  ;  one  of 
the  Pandawas  or  heroes  of  the  Mahabharata, 
Usually  styled  Sang  Ranjuna,  and  also  (but 
more  rarely)  Rajtina  and  Arjtma, 

Ranjtma  stitera  balm :  the  Arjuna  Sastra 
Bahu,  or  A  rjuno  Wiwoho,  a  Kawi  poem  of  very 
ancient  date  dealing  with  the  adventures  of 
Arjuna  and  certain  Nymphs  of  Heaven  ;  the 
story,  or  representations  of  the  story,  in  that 
poem  ;    Ht.  Mas  Ed. 

Sang  Ranjtma  Tapa  :  (i)  the  image  of  Arjuna 
in  the  guise  of  a  penitent,  mentioned  as  a 
processional  emblem  in  the  Sha'ir  Panji 
Samerang  ;  (2)  the  name  of  the  traitor  who 
betrayed  Singapore  to  the  Javanese,  according 
to  the  Sejarah  Malayu.  Ranjuna  Tapa,  sudaJt 
Sang  Ranjtma  di-goda  bidadari  kettijoh:  Arjuna 
as  the  Ascetic,  at  the  time  when  he  was 
tempted  by  the  Seven  Nymphs  of  Heaven  ; 
Ht.  Perb.  Jaya  ;   v.  supra. 

Lhigan-nya  saperti  busar  Ranjtma  :  her  arm 
was  like  the  bow  of  Arjuna  ;  a  simile  for  a  well- 
shaped  and  delicately  curved  arm. 

Panah  Ranjtma  :  the  arrow  of  Arjuna  (who 
was  famous  for  his  prowess  with  the  bow) ; 
the  name  given  by  Malays  to  a  meteor,  be- 
lieved by  them  to  be  an  evil  spirit.  Jin  panah 
Ranjtma  :  another  and  fuller  name  for  this 
evil  spirit. 

Arjuna  himself  is  mentioned  as  a  type  of 
manly  beauty.  Saperti  Ranjtma  rupd-nya  :  his 
beauty  was  as  that  of  Arjuna ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

^V^j    r^nckana.     A  narative  ;  a  transcript ;  a  tale 
of  something  which  has  occurred. 

Renchanakan  :  to  narrate  or  relate ;  Ht.  Abd., 
6.  MBrenchana  :  id. ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  72 ;  Sh. 
Bur.  Pungg.,  11. 


^j  ronchet  or  runchit.  B^ronchet-ronchet  or 
meronchet-ronchet :  by  degrees  ;  in  instalments ; 
to  give  a  little  at  a  time  ;  to  dole  out.  See 
uttchit, 

c^j    ranchang.     I.     Pointing   upw^ards;   a   name 
-  given  to  pointed  stakes  stuck  in  the  ground 

pointing  upwards  ;    limed  twigs  or  projecting 
pieces  of  bamboo  for  catching  small  birds. 

n.     (Onom.)    A  clanking  or  chinking  sound. 


cf. 


J  ranchong.  Cutting  at  an  angle  ;  cutting  to 
a  point ;  cf.  manchong.  Pepat  di4tiwar  rancltong 
di-dalam  :  flat  outside  and  sharp  within — of 
a  person  whose  professions  are  fair  but  whose 
feelings  are  hostile  ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  148. 

Gang  i\ :    a   sharp-pointed    chisel    used   by 
braziers. 

Meranciwng :   to  point  (a  pen)  ;  Sh.  Nas.,  5. 


i^j    rfinchang.     (Onom)     A  clanking  or  chinking 
^  noise.      Also    ranchang;    cf.   gerhtchang    and 

gemerenchang, 

jtj^j    rSncheng.     (Onom.)     A  ringing  sound. 

J^j    renchong,     A  heavy  sword  or  scimitar  in  use 
^  among  the  Achinese. 

i^j    runching.      Sharpness   such   as  that   of  the 
^         chisel ; — a  variant  of  ranchong,  q.  v. 

V— i^^    ranchap.     I.     Cutting  or  moulding  anything 

*  to    the    same    width    throughout ;  giving    a 

cylindrical  shape  to  anything ;  masturbation, 

II.     To  sharpen  (weapons). 

^^^J  ranchak.  Continuous  and  lively — used  of 
music  and  dancing  ;  gay  frequency.  Gamboh 
ptm  tengah  ranchak  menari  :  the  dancing  girls 
were  in  the  midst  of  a  lively  dance ;  Ht. 
Koris. 

^^j    r6nchak.     A  large  kind  of  cauldron. 

y^y  rinchek.  A  minute  slice  or  section;  chop- 
ping into  small  pieces ;  slicing.  Rinchek- 
rinchek  :  minutely  ;  in  detail. 

^j    r^ncham.     Confusing  the  eye  by  minuteness 

r  *         and  number  ;  puzzling,  as  a  number  of  small 

lines  or  similar  objects  appear  to  a  man  who 

wishes  to  count  them  by  the  eye  only.     Ren- 

cham  mata  memandang  :  confusing  to  the  eye. 

4^ J    ranchah.     The  cutting  down   of  small  trees 

*^      or  branches  in  the  jungle  in  order  to  mark 

the  course  pursued  and  so  to  enable  a  man 

to  retrace  his  steps  or  help  his  friends  to  find 

him. 


r£:nchah 


[     343     ] 


RANDOK 


A^j   rgnchah. 
thick  and 


^J 


JJ 


'J 


^J 


JJ 


O 


c}^j 


t^J 


L  Merenchah  :  to  plough  through 
thin ;  to  push  through  swamp  or 
jungle  without  stopping  to  select  the  easiest 
way ;  to  walk  through  a  padi-field  instead  of 
keeping  to  the  dykes  (batas). 

II.  Merenchah-renchah  :  to  work  intermit- 
tently ;  to  work  by  fits  and  starts ;  to  work 
first  at  one  thing  and  then  at  another. 

III.  Perenchah  :  flavouring  ;  small  fish  or 
prawns  cooked  with  vegetables  to  give  a 
certain  zest  to  the  vegetables. 

Tikar  puchok^   tikar  mengktiwang, 
Thnpat   dudok  raja   Milayu; 

Ikan   husok  jangan  dubtiwangy 
Buwat  pBrenchah  daiin   kayii : 

do  not  cast  away  fish  that  is  rotten,  use  it  as 
flavouring  for  green  vegetables. 


A^j    rencheh.     (Kedah.)     Small;  minor. 
^         expression  selar  rencheh :  the  lesser 
selar,  the  name  of  a  fish. 


or 


In   the 
small 


rincheh.  1.  The  balance  given  one  in  small 
change;  the  amount  returned  to  a  person 
after  he  has  paid  for  another  with  a  coin  of 
greater  value  than  the  amount  agreed  upon 
as  selling  price. 


II.       (Selangor.)       Small;      minor; 
Johor)  recheh;  (Kedah)  rencheh. 


(Riau, 


randa.  I.  [Skr.  randd,]  (Batav.  and  W. 
Sumatra.)  A  widow ;  a  divorcee ;  (Riau, 
Kedah,  Johor)  janda,  q.  v. 

II.  Rimdu-randa :  wandering  here  and 
there;  going  to  this  house  and  that,  of  a 
man  who  is  swayed  entirely  by  impulse  in 
his  movements.  Meranda  :  to  wander  about 
capriciously ;  to  go  anywhere  without  any 
special  object;  to  go  '*  mooning"  about. 
Pur  a  peranda :  useless  and  wandering.  Nasib 
pura  peranda :  the  lot  of  a  useless  wanderer ; 
the  fate  of  an  outcast  who  leaves  a  place 
because  he  cannot  help  himself  and  not  in 
pursuit  of  a  design  to  better  himself. 

renda.  Port.  Gold  or  silver  lace ;  embroi- 
dery in  gold  or  silver ;  Ht.  Koris.  Baju 
bevenda  :  embroidered  with  gold, 

ronda.  Port.  Military  rounds ;  but  raim 
(Eng.  round)  is  more  commonly  used  in  this 
sense  in  colloquial  language. 

rdndana.  The  name  of  a  flower  (unidenti- 
fied). 


randong. 

under  foot. 


Stepping,      trampling,      treading 


Jikalau  tuwan  di-randong  merak, 
Tidak'lah  buleh   tuwan   bergSrak : 
if  you  (the  ptmggok)  get  trodden  on  by  the 
peacock  you  will  never  be  able  to  move  again  ; 
Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  2. 


t^j 


rfindang.  Baking  or  frying.  Sagu  r. :  pearl 
sago;  Sej.  Mai.,  151.  Pisang  r. :  baked  or 
fried  bananas.  Panas  tnboh  bagai  di-rhidang : 
a  body  as  heated  as  if  it  was  being  baked ; 
Sh.  May.,  2.  Mata-nya  merah  saperti  buwah 
saga  di-rendang :  his  eyes  were  as  red  as  the 
fried  seeds  of  the  saga  (adenanthera  pavo- 
nina) ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 


Merendang :    to     bake,     to    fry ;    Ht. 
Meng. ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb,,  24. 


Ind. 


pJJ^    rendang.     1.     Leafiness;  giving  shade.     Po- 

^  hun  kayn  rendang:   a  shady   tree;   Ht.   Raj. 

Bud.,  2;  Ht.  Abd.,  467;  Sej.  Mai.,  86. 

II.  Merendang :  (Kedah.)  To  chant  an 
invocation  in  the  spirit-language  (behasa 
hantn) ;  to  sing  a  sort  of  runic  rhyme  as  is 
done  by  a  medicine  man  to  call  down  spirits 
to  the  bedside  of  his  patient ;  (Riau,  Johor) 
berdendang  and  berdondang. 


t^^ 


t'j 


t'j 


III.     (Kedah.) 
''  dug-out." 


A  narrow  and  almost    flat 


O^J 


rondeng.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Calculation  by 
figures  ;  accounts  ;  bills  ;  =  kira  (which,  how- 
ever, is  used  in  a  wider  sense).  Hamba  tidak 
berbanyak  rondeng :  I  am  not  a  man  of  intri- 
cate calculations ;  I  am  no  deep  schemer ;  Sh. 
Kumb.  Chumb.,  23.    Also  (Kedah)  ninding. 

Rondeng -merondeng :  calculations  generally ; 
accounts.  Di4ipn  orang  akandiya  dalam 
snkatan  dan  timbangan  dan  rondeng-merondeng  : 
he  was  swindled  in  measures  and  weights  and 
accounts ;  Ht.  Abd.,  484. 


runding.     See  rondeng. 


nmdong.  Living  on  a  person  without 
paying  for  one's  sustenance;  ** cadging'*  or 
'*  sponging"  on  others.  Di-rundong  malang : 
to  have  evil  fortune  taking  up  her  abode  with 
one ;  to  be  persistently  followed  by  ill-luck ; 
to  have  bad  luck  living  on  one;  Sh.  Ul.,  23; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  366;  Ht.  Koris. 

Sudah   nasib  di-rundong  malang, 
Padi  di'tanam   mhijadi  lalang, 
Ayam   di-kurong  di-sanibar  lang, 
Balani  di-sangkar  jadi   bBlalang  : 

it  is  my  lot  to  be  dogged  by  ill-luck ;  the  padi 
I  plant  becomes  useless  long  grass ;  the  fowls 
in  my  fowl-house  are  the  prey  of  a  hawk 
and  the  doves  in  my  cages  are  transformed 
into  locusts  ! 

randok.  1.  Shaggy  and  rank,  of  an  old  he- 
goat.  Kambingr.:  a  he-goat;  Sej.  Mai.,  47. 
Kambing  pa' randok:  (Penang)  a  hairy  rank 
old  goat;  a  nickname  for  an  old  and 
shameless  profligate.  Pa'  randok :  (Kedah) 
the  old  goat;  a  term  by  which  a  tiger  is 
meant  when  speaking  of  a  tiger  in  the  jungle. 


RUNDOK 


[    344    ] 


rSnang 


i3-^j 


f-^j 


^^j 


^Xj 


IL  Treading  down  undergrowth  or  weeds; 
wading  through  water;  stamping  through 
swampy  ground,  Habis  padi  di-randok 
memerang :  the  padi  has  been  everywhere 
trodden  down  by  the  otters.  Di-randok  tdeh 
raja  perempuwan  buweh  itu :  the  queen  waded 
through  the  foam;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

Pasang  geta  dalam   bilek^ 

Kirawang   bunga  kuntum   chempaka ; 
Tuwan  laksana  senjata  pelantek, 

Sa-barang  randok   kena   belaka  : 

you,  sir,  are  Uke  the  blade  of  a  spring-trap, 
anything  that  treads  on  you  is  certain  to 
suffer. 


rundok.  Bowing,  bending  or  lowering  the 
head;  =  Umdok,  but  less  usual.  Rundok 
rendah :  low ;  bowed  and  low.  Mh'imdok 
ka4anjong :  to  bend  one's  course  to  a  |)oint ; 
to  turn  a  boat's  head  to  a  point.  M.  petang  : 
sinking  to  evening,  of  the  orb  of  day;  Ht. 
Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  46. 

rSndam.  Immersion ;  submersion  under 
water ;  soaking  in  water ;  living  in  the  water. 

Kikir  pari,    behdang   hiring, 
Rendam    tnjoh  hari  ta'-basah : 

a  skate-skin  grater,  a  dry  hide  (are  things 
which)  will  not  get  wet  though  you  keep  them 
for  days  in  the  water ;  you  cannot  get  blood 
from  a  stone  or  money  from  a  miser ;  Prov. 

Ular  sawa  r. :  the  water-python ;  the  name 
given  by  Malays  to  the  python  (python 
retictdatus)  when  it  is  found  in  or  near  water, 
and  when  its  markings  are  not  as  bright  in 
colouring  as  usual. 

Rendamhan  and  merendamkan  :  to  submerge ; 
to  immerse, 

Berendam :  to  be  immersed  in  any  liquid ; 
(by  metaphor)  to  be  bathed  in  tears;  Sh. 
Bid,,  30;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

randu.  I.  The  action  of  the  arm  in  stirring 
up  water  or  anything,  when  the  arm  is  thrust 
into  water  and  worked  round  and  round  so  as 
to  set  the  water  in  rapid  motion.  Randukan: 
to  work  up  or  mix  anything  by  working  the 
arm  round  and  round  in  it;  Sej,  Mai.,  122. 

IL     Jav,     A  tree  (unidentified);  Ht.  Sh. 


rmdu.  Passionate  and  sustained  desire; 
longing  ;  the  cravings  of  love.  R.  dendam :  id. 
Mmanggong  r, :  to  suffer  the  pangs  of  separa- 
tion from  a  beloved  object. 

Api-api  di'pagar  dusun, 

Anak  raja   birmain  dadu ; 
Ayuhai  adinda,   kirimkan  racJmn, 
Tiyada  kuwasa  mhianggong  rindu : 
my  love,  send  me  some  poison,  I  can  no 


oh 

longer  endure  separation. 


Rindukan:  to  long  for;  to  miss.  Beta  pun 
rindukan  anakanda :  I  have  been  longing  for  my 
child ;  I  have  been  missing  my  child  greatly ; 
Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  81. 

KBrindnwan :  love ;  longing. 

Merindu :  to  sigh  for.  Punggok  merindu  bulan : 
the  owl's  sighing  for  the  moon — a  type  of  vain 
longing;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  i,  6;  Sh.  Bid.,  49; 
Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  21 ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  138. 

Buloh  perindu:  (i)  a  sort  of  Jew's  harp,  an 
instrument  giving  out  a  plaintive  note  when 
worked  by  the  breeze;  (2)  an  instrument 
made  of  bamboo  and  used  for  imitating  the 
notes  of  some  birds.  Suwara-nya  Sang  Samba 
itit  sapirti  btdoh  perindu :  the  voice  of  Sang 
Samba  was  (plaintive,  soothing  and  sweet)  as 
the  sound  of  an  ^Eolian  harp ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

^^J    rundu.      Rundu-randa :     erratic;     wandering 
about  wherever  the  spirit  moves  one ;  v.  randa. 


^'^j    randeh.     See  rondah. 


oJJ 


0 


rSndah.  I.  Lowliness;  humility;  a  low 
position ;  limited  height.  Sa-buwah  hapal 
rendah :  a  vessel  low  in  the  water ;  a  vessel 
with  very  little  freeboard. 

Merendah :  to  take  a  humble  tone ;  to  abase 
or  humble  oneself;  to  assume  a  modest  tone ; 
to  be  modest;  Sh.  Bid.,  112;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri, 
21,     Merendahkan  diri:  id.,  Ht.  Abd.,  49,  421. 

1 1.  Riyoh-rendah :  clamour;  varying  noise; 
all  sorts  of  noises;  Ht.  Abd.,  iii,  210,  247; 
Sh.  Peng.,  13 ;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  21. 


oJoj  rondah.  Rondah-randeh :  in  disorder  or  con- 
fusion— of  the  hair,  of  clothes,  etc.  Cf. 
rundti-randa. 


randai.  M^randai  :  to  step  through  water  or 
long  grass ;  to  wade  through  shallow  water. 

randi.  A  silk  cloth  of  Chinese  or  Siamese 
make;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.;  Ht. 
Sh.;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

randini.     A  flower  (unidentified). 

r^nas.  Padi  berenas :  rapid  and  promising 
developement,  in  padi  ;  finely  sprouting  padi  ; 
v.  berenas* 

rSnsa.     A  variant  of  resa,  q.  v. 

ronseng.     Peevishness,  grumpiness;  v.rusing. 

rSnang.  Swimming  ;  the  art  or  act  of  swim- 
ming. 

RBnangi :  to  swim  in  or  across  (any  piece 
of  water).  Di-sungai  mana  girangan  tuwan 
renangi :  in  what  river  by  any  chance  may 
you  be  swimming?  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 


RfiNONG 


[     345     1 


ROBEE 


^J 


^J 


rgnnyut.  (Kedah.)  The  throbbing  of  a 
painful  spot  such  as  a  boil ;  the  quivering  of 
the  fontanel ;    (Riau,  Johor)  dennyut. 


r^^ 


4^  * 


<SiJ 


The     aggravation    of    a   disease, 
or    injury    by    further   ill-treatment. 


rennyak 

wound 

Merennyak  :  to  wound  a  man  in  a  place  where 
he  has  been  already  wounded  ;  to  strike  a 
man  on  a  tender  spot. 


JJj    rennyok. 

remok. 


Crushed ;      smashed  to  pieces  ; 


IL     A  variant  of  rennyai,  q.  v. 


rSnnyai. 

rain. 


Hujan   rennyai-rhifiyai^ 

Pachat  naik  kaki ; 
Kerja   lengai-l^ngai, 

Lambat   biileh  laki: 

when   the  rain  is  lasting  and  drizzling,  the 
leeches  climb  up  one's  legs. 


Renangkan  and  merenangkan  :  to  make  (a  i 
person)  swim ;  to  swim  across  with  (a  ! 
person) ;  Sh.  A.  R.  S,  J.,  I2.  | 

Berenang  :  to  swim.  Ajar  buwaya  berenang  : 
to  teach  a  crocodile  how^  to  swim ;  to  give 
instruction  to  one  wiser  then  oneself;  Prov. 

Terenang :  swimming.  Terenang-renang  : 
swimming  about  here  and  there,  as  fish ; 
Sh.  Bid.,  39. 

i^j  rfinong.  A  fixed  and  steady  look  at  any- 
thing ;  a  searching  look.  Dt-renong-nya 
tangan-ku :  he  looked  hard  at  my  hand. 
Sambil  ku  renong-renong  kiibur-nya  itu  ku  lihat 
anak'ku  saperti  bermain :  as  I  gazed  at  the 
tomb  I  saw  my  child,  as  it  were,  at  play; 
Ht.  Abd.,  437. 

Merenong :  to  be  looking  hard  or  fixedly ; 
to  stare ;    Sh.   Sg.    Ranch.,   35. 

^^j  renek.  Fine,  delicate,  minute,  of  drops  of 
rain  or  beads  of  perspiration. 


rennyam.  A  pricking  or  itching  sensation  \ 
in  many  places  at  once ;  the  sensation  \ 
experienced  by  a  man  suffering  firom  prickly  i 
heat.  Mereiinyam :  (Kedah)  to  experience  \ 
this  sensation ;  (Riau,  Johor)  menggevenyam. 

r6nnyah.     I.      Berhmyah   or   merennyah :   to  | 

bestir   oneself;    to   busy   oneself  about  any-  \ 

thing ;    to   move   from   a   spot   where  one  is  | 

resting.       Segan   berennyah :     slow   to   bestir  \ 

himself;    sluggish.     Rennyah  sangat  ini :  this  j 

is  overwork;   this  is  more  work  than  I  can  \ 

stand.  ^ 

II.      (Riau.)      Merennyah:   to   be   sulky,— a  > 
variant  of  merenjas,  q.  v. 

^j    rdnnyeh.      I.      Mermnyeh:   (Riau)    to  be   in  ! 
all  ill-humour;  (Ked^h)  merenjis ;  w  renjas,        \ 


Thin  and  continuous,  of  a  drizzling 


^j    rau.       (Onom.)       A   sound   such   as   that   of 
rushing  water.     Cf.  lerau  and  derau. 


5 J    ru.       A     tree,      casiuinna     eqtmetifolia ;     Sh. 
K.  G.  T.,  21.     Also  eru,  q.  v. 

R.  bukit :  dacrydiiiui  elatum, 

^j    ruwa.     I.     Loose;   not  compact. 

II.  The  expansion  of  a  hollow;  a  cavity 
which  increases  in  size  after  the  orifice  has 
been  entered.  Meruwa :  to  expand ;  to  fill 
with  air, — used  of  the  expansion  of  a  cobra's 
hood  under  the  influence  of  anger. 


cS 


i^j    ruwadat.     Arab.      Customary   compliments; 
ceremonial  etiquette. 


ObJ 


^\ 


i^jPJ 


-"iJ 


f!^^ 


b^ 


^•^J 


Jt^-> 


rawan.  [Pers.  running  ;  flowing.]  A  flying 
chariot  or  seat  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Often  pro- 
nounced raw  an  a. 


riwayat.  Arab.  Narrative;  tale;  neirration. 
Pada  suwatu  riwayat  daripada  deras  lompat 
todak  itu  datang  ka-atas  gajah  Mna  baju 
paduka :  according  to  one  account  the  sword 
fish  leaped  as  high  as  the  elephant  owing  to 
the  impetus  of  their  onset,  and  the  prince's 
garment  w^as  torn  by  them  ;   Sej.  Mai.,  83. 

Sdhibii'r-riwdyat :  the  narrator;  the  author; 
the  editorial  '*  we  "  ;  =  yang  emptmya  cheritera 
ini. 


roba.  Pancha-roba  :  varied  ;  uncertain ;  capri- 
cious; of  many  moods.  A  ngin  pancha-roba  : 
an  uncertain  wind ;  a  constantly  shifting 
wind.  Chakap  pancha-roba:  contradictory 
talk;  saying  first  one  thing  and  then  another; 
inconsistency  in  conversation. 


rubing.  A  temporary  gunwale  of  some  light 
material  such  as  thatch ;  an  improvised  gun- 
wale added  to  a  boat  to  give  it  greater 
freeboard  when  heavily  laden,  or  to  keep  out 
the  spray. 

In  Kedah  a  mat  is  often  laid  down  on  the 
bottom  and  sides  of  a  boat  in  order  to  serve 
as  a  sort  of  hold  or  receptacle  for  grain.  In 
such  cases  the  margin  of  matting  allowed  for 
folding  over  the  grain  is  also  called  nibing, 

rubong.     See  kembong. 

robak.  Robak-rabek :  in  tatters ;  tattered 
and  torn — of  thatch  and  wickerwork  but  not 
of  cloth.     Cf.  robek,  and  rabek. 

robek.  Worn  through  ;  perforated ;  torn— of 
thatch,  paper  and  wickerwork  but  not  of 
cloth.  Layar  r, :  a  torn  mat-sail.  Pondok  r.: 
a  lean-to  in  bad  repair.  Tikar  r. :  a  tattered 
mat. 


44 


EOBOK 


[    346    ] 


ROTAN 


^>>> 


^V 


robok.     I.      (Onom.)     The    sound   of  liquid 

entering  an  empty  bottle  when  it  is  suddenly 
thrust  under  water.  Merobok :  to  give  out 
a  dull  bubbling  sound,  as  a  bottle  does  when 
the  air  is  being  slowly  driven  out  by  the  in- 
coming liquid.  Jatoh  merobok  ka-dalam  ayer  : 
(Kedah)  to  fall  into  the  water  and  sink 
under  the  surface ;  (Riau,  Johor)  menggerobok. 

II.  Merobok:  to  eat  inwardly;  to  extend 
below  the  skin,  of  an  abscess  the  progress  of 
which  makes  no  external  sign.  Hati  m.  : 
anger,  the  expression  of  which  is  checked 
by  fear;  suppressed  wrath  making  a  man 
angrier  by  the  very  fact  that  he  dare  not 
relieve  his  feelings  by  expression. 

ruban.  Ayer  ruban  :  the  watery  scum  in  the 
fabrication  of  coco-nut  oil.  Meruban :  to 
separate  oil  from  its  scum  in  purifying  it. 

rubin.  Batu  mbin:  a  floor-tile;  Ht.  Abd., 
118.     Also  batu  ubin  and  batujubin, 

riibah.  [Pers.  and  Hindustani.]  A  fox, 
hyaena  or  jackal ;  Ht,  Kal.  Dam.,  46. 

roboh.  The  fall  of  a  heavy  or  massive  body 
such  as  the  gate  of  a  castle;  Sej.  Mai.,  16; 
or  as  the  tiled  roof  of  a  house  ;  Sh.  K.  G.  T., 
9;  or  as  a  fort  or  house  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  364  ;  Sej. 
Mai.,  85 ;  or  as  the  largest  trees  of  a  forest ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Roboh  kota 
Milaka  :  the  fall  of  the  (old)  fort  of  Malacca ; 
an  event  which  seemed  proverbially  improb- 
able to  the  Malays  of  the  past  and  is 
mentioned  in  parttuns  as  an  emblem  of  the 
improbable,  e,  g.,  twice  in  the  Ht.  Shah 
Kubad  and  once  in  the  Ht.  Indra  Jaya. 

Batu  r, :  a  landslip.  Mhnbatu  r. ;  an  idio- 
matic expression  for  sensational  festivity 
caused  by  the  coincidence  of  several  festive 
events.  Batu  roboh  sa-kali  semuwa-nya  kita 
kahwtnkan  :  let  us  make  a  great  festival  of  it 
and  celebrate  all  the  marriages  on  the  same 
day ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed.  Tertawa  saperti  batu 
roboh:  uproarious  laughter;  Ht.  Best.;  Ht. 
Mas  Ed.     Tertawa  membatu  roboh  ;  id. 

Robohkan  and  mSrobohkan :  to  demolish  or 
overthrow  (a  heavy  or  massive  object)  ;  to 
pull  down  (a  house).  Merobohkan  imdn:  to 
overthrow  the  True  Faith. 

Santapan   anak   raja   di-Orfah, 

Keduwa   dengan   raja    Yarnan : 

Chihaya-nya   terang,   terlalu  limpah, 

Merosakkan  hati  merobohkan  imdn : 

the  light  (of  her  beauty)  is  so  radiant  and  limpid 

as    to    crush   our    hearts   with  longing   and 

destroy  our  Faith  in  God ;  Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  3. 

ruwat.  I.  The  fall  of  a  tree  or  stake  which 
is  uprooted  by  the  pressure  of  the  wind  or  of 
any  other  force  and  is  not  broken. 

Bukan-nya  patah,   ruwat ; 
Bukan-nya    latah,    di-buwat-buwat : 

it  is  not  broken,  it  is  only  fallen ;  it  is  not 
hysteria  ;  it  is  only  pretence  ;  Prov. 


II.  The  resumption  of  human  form  by  a 
wehr- tiger  or  hantu  jadi-jadiyan.  See  s.  v. 
rawat. 

III.  (Kedah.)  Meruwat :  to  spread,  of  a 
sore  or  ulcer.     Also  meruwak. 

^^J  ^^"'iwit.  Bent  down  but  not  broken  or  severed 
as  a  branch  which  its  own  weight  causes  to 
trail  on  the  ground.  Chapek  ruwit :  lame  with 
a  twisted  or  bent  shinbone  ;  the  lameness  of 
a  man  whose  broken  leg  has  been  set  but  not 
set  properly;  (Kedah)  chapek-ruwek,  Seruwit : 
a  harpoon ;  a  barbed  spear  for  spearing  fish. 

^Aj    rotok.     Mlrotok  :  to  mutter  angrily;  to  growl; 

to  express  discontent  in  a  low  tone  of  voice. 
Marah  merotok  :  to  murmur  angrily;  Sh.  A. 
R.  S.J.,  5- 

Cy3J  ^Otan.  A  generic  name  for  rattans  (=rau' 
tan  ?) ;  a  name  generally  applied  to  plants 
belonging  to  the  genera  calamus  and  doemo- 
norops  especially  when  those  plants  have  an 
economic  value.  Tiyada  rotan  akar  pun  ber- 
guna  :  in  the  absence  of  a  rattan  any  liana  is 
useful ;  half  a  loaf  is  better  than  none;  Prov., 
Ht.  Abd.,  175,  378.  Bagai  rotan;  asal  bert- 
sangy  diya  chuchok  belaka :  like  a  rattan,  so 
long  as  (a  fish)  has  gills  it  will  pass  through 
them  ;  absence  of  discrimination,  **  all  is  fish 
that  comes  into  his  net  "  ;  Prov.  Bekas  r. : 
nittan  marks  on  the  back  of  a  man  or  boy 
who  has  been  flogged  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  334.  Bilor 
r,  :  id.,  Ht.  Abd.,  24.  Gelong  r. :  a  peculiar 
pattern  of  lines  of  the  skin  (e.  ^.,  in  thumb 
marks) ;  **  loops "  in  contradistinction  to 
**  whorls  "  ;  a  pattern  suggesting  a  succession 
of  parabolas  with  a  common  focus  and  axis. 

The  principal  rattans  are  : 

R.  bakau  :  dwmonorops  propmqnm. 
R.  batu  :  calamus  insignis, 
R,  biiwah  :  dcemonorops  hystrix, 
R.  chuchor  :  calamus  castaneus. 
R.  chuchor  minyak  :  dcemonorops  callicarpus. 
R.  dahan  :  plectoconiia  griffithii, 
R,  dim  :  flagellaria  indica, 
R.  gajah  :  myrialepis  scortechinii. 
R,  getah  :  calamus  didymophyllns, 
R,  gunong :  calamus  exilis, 
R.  jerenang :  dcemonorops  draco. 
R,  kerai  :  dcemonorops  geniculatus, 
R,  kipas :  ceratolobus  kingianus. 
R,  kumhong :  calamus  ornatus. 
R.  lilin  :  calamus  javanensis. 
R.  machap  :  dcemonorops  longipes, 
R.  inusang  :  freycinetia  angustifolia . 
R.  sabut :  =  r,  buwah. 
R,  sega  badak  :  calamus  ornatus. 
R,  semambu:   the   Malacca   cane,   calamus 
scipionum. 
R,  semui :  korthalsia  scaphilgera. 


ROTI 


[     347     ] 


RODI 


^V 


d^^J 


J=^JD 


roti.  Hind.  Bread;  Ht.  Abd.,  308;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  32. 

R,  kirai :  a  prepared  compound  of  flour  and 
egg,  looking  something  like  macaroni- 

Ttikang  r.  :  a  baker;  Ht.  Ham^.,  2. 

rojak.     I.  The    name   given  to   a  number  of 

Malay  dishes  of  the  salad  type.  They  are 
made  of  fruit,  vegetables  and  other  cold  ingre- 
dients flavoured  with  vinegar,  sauce  and 
sambals, 

n.     Perojak     sireh :     (Kedah)     a   betel-nut 
pounder  ;  (Riau,  Johor)  penumbok  sireh. 

rojok.  [Arab.  jjTj .]  Return.  The  word  is, 
however,  limited  in  use  to  the  return  of  a 
husband  to  his  divorced  wife,  or  to  the  res- 
toration of  a  friendship  after  a  quarrel;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg.  Merojok :  to  retrace  one's  steps; 
to  return  to  one's  divorced  wife;  to  restore 
the  status  quo. 

rojol.  Emergence  through  a  hole  or  orifice. 
Merojol :  (of  a  snake)  to  poke  its  head  out  of 
its  hole;  (of  a  bird)  to  stick  its  head  out 
between  the  bars  of  a  cage;  (of  a  fish)  to 
thrust  itself  partly  through  the  meshes  of  a 
net.     Also  merejul,  and  inenjerojoL 


^3J  ^^J^^'  The  act  of  stabbing  or  thrusting 
downwards  through  a  fence  or  flooring.  Me- 
rtijah :  to  stab  in  this  way ;  to  thrust  a  stick 
into  water  to  frighten  fish. 

lS^3J    roji.      [Pers.  and  Hind,  rozi,  ** daily"  the  adj. 
-  *  of  r^;sr,  a  day.]      Daily  bread;  daily  rice;  daily 

food. 


>. 


■x> 


4p- 


>-a)j    rochah.      Presenting     a     dirty     appearance ; 


<\>- 


7X> 


D^ 


looking  dirty  and  untidy. 

rochoh.  The  act  of  digging  the  point  of  a 
stick  or  weapon  into  any  surface  at  various 
different  points  in  that  surface, 

r6h  or  rfth.     (Arab,  ruh,)     The  spirit  of  life ; 

the  breath  of  life.  Often  used  in  Malay  as  an 
equivalent  of  semangat,  q.  v.  ff.  semangat : 
id.,  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  55.  Saperti  tiyada  beroh 
rasa-nya :  feeling  as  though  there  was  no  life 
left  in  him;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Roh  melayang : 
departing  consciousness  ;  Ht.  Koris  =  terbang 
simangat, 

RuhiCl-ktidtis :  the  Holy  Ghost  (in  Christian 
works). 

Panggil  roh  :  the  '*  summoning  of  the  spirit 
of  life;'*  the  name  given  to  a  number  of 
formulae  for  recalling  one's  composure  when 
faint  with  the  shock  of  sudden  excitement, 
and  also  to  prayers  for  calling  the  spirit  of  life 
of  another  into  one's  keeping  and  so  render- 
ing that  other  subordinate  to  one's  will ;  see 
semangat. 


>. 


x> 


rtihani.      Arab.      Spiritual,    appertaining   to 

light  rather  than  to  darkness.  Malaihat  r,  : 
an  Angel  of  Light,  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  84. 
Mimpi-ku  ini  ruhdni  bukan-nya  shaitdnz :  my 
dream  is  of  God, — not  sent  by  Satan;  Ht. 
Hamz.,  82. 


4j\;^        rtihaniyyat.      Arab.      Spirituality,   holiness; 
Muj.,  32. 


^jfj   roda. 


Port.     A  wheel. 
R.  kacha  :  a  glass  wheel. 
R.  lambong  :  a  paddle-wheel. 
Kereta  empat  ?'. ;  a  four-wheeled  vehicle. 


^^^^\  rudus.  A  weapon  of  the  sw^ord  or  hanger 
kind ;  a  w^eapon  in  use  on  the  West  coast  of 
Sumatra  and  in  Acheen,  but  not  in  the  Malay 
Peninsula. 


t'>^ 


3^3J 


rodong.  Doubtful ;  uncertain,  regarding  the 
road.  Sahdhat  yang  r. :  a  road-side  acquaint- 
ance ;  a  companion  picked  up  in  the  course 
of  a  journey. 

Merodong :  to  wander  about  a  place  of  the 
paths  of  which  one  is  ignorant;  to  "explore." 
Jangatt  merodong  hutan  duri :  don't  go  explor- 
ing a  thorny  jungle. 

Terodong :  rushed  against,  in  collision  with, 
Maka  terodong  kaki  Radin  Asmara  J  ay  a  pada 
batu  itii  lain  luka :  the  feet  of  the  Prince 
Asmara  Java  struck  against  the  stone  and 
were  injured  ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 


rodak.       (Onom.?)      Merodak:    to    make    a 

rattling  or  clattering  noise,  as  when  hard 
substances  are  shaken  in  a  wooden  box  or  as 
when  a  dog  runs  up  and  down  a  wooden 
staircase,  or  as  a  bird  struggling  to  get  out  of 
a  cage  or  room. 


jj^^    rodok 


J 


Mirodok :  to  thrust  a  sharp  pointed 

weapon    upwards;    to   stab    from   below;  = 
ineradak. 

^i^s  rudul.  (Kedah.)  Pendulousness  of  the  upper 
eye-lid,  e,  ^.,  in  a  sleepy  man  ;  (Riau,  Johor) 
rudn. 


'V 


•p        rodan.     Severe  and  painful  injury;  injury  in 
'^  •^'^      a   delicate   part   or   on   a   painful    spot;    (by 
metaphor)  painful,  of  work. 


yv 


rudau.     Luxuriance ;  springing  up  luxuriantly, 
of  plants. 


^^Aj    rudu.      (Riau,  Johor.)     Heaviness  or  pendu- 
^  ^        lousness  of  the  upper  eye-lid ;  (Kedah)  ri^dul^ 


q.  V. 


iS^^y    rodi.      Eur.      Order,    instruction,    direction, 

command ;  also  urdi. 


RUWAS 


[    348    ] 


RUWANG 


^^j  mwas.  The  space  between  two  joints  or 
knots ;  the  space  between  the  rings  of  certain 
plants  such  as  the  bamboos.  Sa-ruwas  jari : 
a  joint  of  the  finger;  a  piece  of  the  finger 
containing  a  complete  bone;  a  finger  joint 
as  a  measure  of  length.  R.  buloh :  sections 
of  the  bamboo  from  joint  to  joint ;  Ht.  Abd., 
387;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  R.  bambu  :  id.;  Sh. 
Lamp.,  17,  Pileh'pileh  ruwas,  terpileh  pada 
bukti :  hesitate  to  choose  between  the  spaces 
between  the  joints,  and  you  will  end  by 
being  left  with  the  tough  joint  itself;  be  too 
particular  and  you  will  only  be  the  w^orse 
off  in  the  end ;  Prov.  Berjmnpa  biiku  dengan 
niwas :  to  get  the  hard  joint  when  looking 
for  the  soft  spaces  between  ;  id. 

Kaluwar   berjalan  hart   inalamy 
Singgah  dt-kedai   belt   beras  ; 

Sehaya   menchari    sa-rata    *dlain, 
Berjumpa-lah   buku   dengan   ruwas : 

I  have  searched  the  whole  w^orld  for  what  I 
wanted  and  have  ended  by  getting  the  tough 
knot  instead  of  the  soft  intermediate  portion  ; 
I  have  searched  the  whole  world  for  a  wife ; 
and,  when  I  got  her,  she  was  not  what  I 
bargained  for ;  Prov. 


^JJ  rusa.  A  generic  name  for  deer  other  than 
the  dwarf  species  (napoh,  kijang,  and 
pUandok),     Usually  cervus  imicolor. 

R,  bintang :  the  name  given  by  Malays  to 
some  spotted  deer  (cervus  axis)  imported  from 
India  by  Governor  Phillips  and  afterwards  let 
loose  in  the  island  of  Penang.  These  animals 
multiplied  for  some  time  and  became  well 
known,  but  subsequently  died  out  and  are 
now  only  a  tradition  and  a  name. 

R,  dandi,  r,  ijok^  r,  lalang,  r,  selumbar  nibong, 
r,  tarum  and  r,  iibi :  varieties  of  the  common 
deer  (cervus  imicolor)  differing  in  shade  of 
colour  or  in  si^e. 

Babi  r :  the  deer-hog,  an  animal  peculiar  to 
Celebes  but  well  known  by  name  to  the 
Malays ;  babirtisa  alfunis. 


iL«ft  I    rasing.     (Kedah.)     Peevishness  ;  grumpiness  ; 
^  (Riau,   Johor)    ronseng,     Rusing  is,  however, 

the  literary  form ;  Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  13  ;   Sh. 

Rej.,  8,  9. 

Merusing  :  to  be  peevish  ;  to  be  in  a  temper, 
as  a  man  who  has  lost  his  money,  Sh.  Sing. 
Terb.,  5  ;  to  brood  over  one's  wTongs  as  a 
man  about  to  run  amuck ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 


O^JfJ  ^^S^^*  Spoilt ;  rendered  futile ;  violated ;  the 
ruin  of  anything.  Sebab  nila  sa4itek  rosak 
simi  sa-belanga  :  a  gallon  of  milk  is  spoilt  by 
a  single  drop  of  indigo  (a  little  leaven  leavens 
the  whole  lump)  ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  132. 
R,  inata  :  injury  to  the  eye-sight.  jR.  ubat : 
the  rendering  a  spell  inefficacious,  i?.  irndn  : 
corrupting  true  religion.  R,  hati :  heart-break. 
R.  binasa  :  utter  ruin  ;  spoilt  completely. 


Rosakkan  and  merosakkan :  to  corrupt  or 
destroy ;  to  futilize  or  spoil.  M.  anak  :  to 
spoil  a  child.  M.  bihasa :  to  corrupt  a  lan- 
guage. M.  anak  perempnwan  :  to  ruin  a  girl 
by  seduction.  M.  Uidat :  to  upset  customary 
institutions. 

\3^JJ    rosok.     See  perosok. 

i^y^^j  rusok.  Side ;  flank ;  ribs.  Di-pahi-nya  tdeh 
Sang  Samba  dengan  gada-nya  kena  nisok-nya 
lain  tnati :  Sang  Samba  struck  at  him  with 
his  mace  and  hit  him  on  the  ribs,  killing 
him  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Tnlang  rusok :  the  ribs  proper,  the  bones 
constituting  the  ribs. 

Tumbok  r.  :  '*  a  dig  in  the  ribs  "  ;  a  surrep- 
titious bribe. 

Rusok  surat :  the  marginal  space  left  on  a 
Malay  letter. 

f^^J  rusam.  I.  (Kedah.)  A  kind  of  revolving 
table  or  seat  made  to  amuse  children, 

n.     See  rosan. 

Cx^^J  rosan.  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  kind  of  loggia  or 
porch  made  by  extending  the  eaves  of  a 
palace  so  as  to  shelter  some  of  the  ground 
round  it.  This  sheltered  portion  is  then 
walled  in  and  used  as  a  waiting-room. 

Also  riisam ;  Kl. 

*^^  rusoh.  A  row ;  a  tumult ;  a  disturbance ;  a 
riot.  Jika  ada  rusoh  sadikit  neschaya  terkejut 
iya  daripada  tidor-nya  :  he  would  start  up 
from  sleep  at  the  least  disturbance  ;  Ht.  KaL 
Dam.,  181. 

-  JL>    rusiya.     See  rahasiya, 

P^j  ruwang.  Hollow  space,  especially  used  to 
describe  the  well  of  a  ship,  and  the  space 
enclosed  between  any  four  contiguous  posts  of 
a  house.  In  this  last  sense  it  serves  as  a  unit 
for  calculating  or  describing  the  size  of  a 
house.  Balai  sembilan  ruwang :  a  hall  of  seven 
pillar  spaces,  i.  ^.,  on  14  pillars ;  Sh.  Bid.,  84. 

Merajok  ayer  di-ruwang :  to  get  sulky  with 
the  water  in  the  ship's  well  (useless  waste  of 
temper)  ;  Prov.  Angin  menimba  r,  :  a  breeze 
w^hich  empties  the  w^ell  (by  sending  the  water 
to  the  side  of  the  boat) ;  a  side  wind ;  wind  on 
the  beam.     Also  angin  timbang  ruwang, 

R,  belakang  :  the  hollow  of  the  back. 

R,  dnriyan  :  the  cavity  in  which  the  durian 
stone  lies. 

jR.  susu  :  the  hollow  between  the  breasts. 

Beruwang  :  a  bear — is  possibly  derived  from 
the  above.  Balerong,  a  hall  of  audience — is 
possibly  a  compound  of  balai  and  ruwang ;  v. 
balai, 

Meruwang :  to  cleanse  a  dead  body  of  filth. 

'Ilmu  peruwang  :  a  form  of  the  black  art ;  see 
pe  ruwang. 


RUWING 


[     349    ] 


RUQI 


9^j    niwing.     A  peculiar  wheel   or  large   winder 
used  for  spinning. 


C-.P 


•^J 


u^x> 


c^v 


u-93^ 


"^J 


rungut,  or  rongot.  Grumbling ;  murmuring. 
A  da  merongot  ada  tertawa :  some  murmured, 
some  laughed ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


rongos.     MBrongos  : 
Perongos  :  peevish. 


to   be    short    tempered. 


rongak.  Broken  by  gaps  ;  discontinuous. 
Gigi  r.  :  gap-toothed.  Pagar  r, :  a  fence, 
some  of  the  palings  of  which  are  missing. 

rupa.  [Skr.  rupa.]  Form ;  appearance ; 
beauty;  looks.  Rupa  huruf:  the  look  of  the 
letters.  Endah  khabar  dari  nipa  :  the  descrip- 
tion is  fairer  than  the  reality;  the  object  does 
not  come  up  to  expectations ;  Prov.,  Ht. 
Abd.,  114,  434. 

Petola    berpagar   kelapa, 

Sayang   lenggundi  tumboh  di-panchor ; 
Biikan  sehaya  gila   ka-rupa, 

Kerana   budi  hati-ku   hanchor : 

it  is  not  her  beauty  that  inflames  me ;  it  is  her 
kindness  which  conquers  my  heart. 

Sa-rupa :  of  one  appearance  with  ;  resem- 
bling ;  like. 

Rupa-nya :  it  appears,  it  seems  (to  the  eye- 
sight and  not  to  mental  perception  or  taste). 
Cf.  rasa-nya, 

Berupa :  having  the  form  of;  in  the  form  of. 
Berupa  kera  :  in  the  form  of  a  monkey. 

Merupakan:  to  assume  the  form  of  (any 
person  or  thing).  Merupakan  diri-nya  saperti 
rupa  Begawan  Narada  :  to  assume  the  form  of 
the  Blessed  Narada ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Menyerupakan :  to  assume  a  form  similar  to 
that  of  (any  person  or  thing).  Menyerupakan 
diri-nya  saperti  manmiya  :  to  assume  a  form 
like  that  of  a  man  ;  Ht.  Mash.,  54. 

Rupawan :  heantifnl ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  128,  142, 

ruwap.  Meruwap  :  to  boil  up  ;  to  settle  up  ; 
to  show  bubbles  on  the  surface ;  to  foam  up 
or  over  as  aerated  water.  M.  darah :  literally 
to  boil  over  with  blood ;  to  foam  with  rage. 


^X)    ropak.     Disorderly  plenitude.     Ropak-rapek  : 
topsy-turvy,  as  a  lumber  room  full  of  many 
articles  carelessly  thrust  into  it, 
Cf.  opak-apek, 

^^j  rupoh.  Merupoh  :  (Kedah)  to  be  dulled,  to 
sound  dull, — of  noises  dulled  by  being  in  the 
next  house. 


A^^j   rupiyah.    See  v^  . 


^Jlj    ruwak.      I.      Meruwak:    to     spread,   as    the 
contents  of  an  egg  when  the  shell  is  broken. 


n.  Burong  ruwak-ruwak :  the  name  of  a 
large  bird  something  like  a  heron.  The  word 
occurs  constantly  in  pantuns. 

Ruwak-ruwak  di-Pasir   Tuniong 

Berkurai'kurai   bulu   dada-nya; 

A  bang   berfolak   beradu   untong 

Jatoh   berderai  oyer  mata-nya : 

there  was  a  heron  at  Pasir  Tuntong  (literally 

a   beach   where    turtles   come   and   lay) ;  its 

breast -feathers  had  long  marbled  markings. 

OX)  ^^^®^"  Chapek-riiwek :  (Kedah)  lameness 
accompanied  by  the  existence  of  a  twisted  or 
bent  shin  bone  ;  v.  ruwit. 


f^ 


/^ 


rokok.  A  Malay  cigarette ;  a  cigarette  made 
of  locally  grown  tobacco  wrapped  in  dry  leaf. 

Tiga  batang  r. ;  three  cigarettes. 

rokam  or  rukam.  A  name  given  to  a 
number  of  trees  flaconrtia  cataphractay  and 
other  species. 

R.  hutan  :  a  shrub  resembling  the  true  rokam, 
scolopia  rhinanthera. 

The  tree  is  often  mentioned  as  a  thorny  tree 
in  literature;  Ht,  Mar.  Mah. ;  Ht.  Koris; 
Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  14 ;  Sh.  Ch.  Ber.,  3. 

Kutip'kutip   buwah   rukaniy 

Sakit   kaki  kena  duri; 
A  pa   nak   takut  jalan   bertikam  ? 

Sudah-lah    ^ddat  anak  d^laki : 

collect,  collect  the  fruit  of  the  rukam ;  your 
feet  are  sore  through  meeting  its  thorns. 

ruku.  1.  A  generic  name  given  to  a  number 
of  plants. 

R*  gajah :  (Sungei  Ujong)  vernoniachinensis. 

R.  hutan  :  (Penang)  adenosma  capitatum, 

R,  ruku :  basil,  octmum  bastltcum  and  ocimiim 
album. 

R.jantan:  hemigraphis  conjinis, 

n.  Burong  ruku  :  a  bird  better  known  as 
burong  kaki  diyan. 

ruga.  Loss,  injury  in  property;  Sh.  Rej.,  g; 
a  variant  of  rugi,  q.  v. 

rogol  or  rugul.  Rape.  Merogol :  to  ravish ; 
to  violate  (a  woman).  Sudah  di-rogol  uleh 
paduka  anakanda :  she  has  been  ravished  by 
the  prince,  your  son  ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 


S^j    rugi.      [Skr,  rogi,]      Loss ;  injury  other  than 
-  ^      physical  injury.     Mendapat  r.  :  to  suffer  loss  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  364. 

Kerugiyan :    loss ;   cause   of  loss ;  injury  to 
property. 

Merugi :  to  lose,  to  be   suffering  loss  ;    Sh. 
Ibl.,  10. 

Also  (but  extremely  rarely)  ruga;  Sh.  Rej.,  9. 


ntm 


[  350  ] 


RUWAH 


0j  rtuci,  [Arab,  and  Pers.]  **  Rome "  ;  a  geo- 
graphical expression  vaguely  indicating  (in 
Malay  writings)  the  territories  once  com- 
prised in  the  Roman  Empire  of  the  East,  but 
applied  indiscriminately  to  those  territories 
whether  under  Macedonian,  Roman  or 
Turkish  rule.  Raja  Rum  :  the  Ruler  of  the 
Levant ;  the  Emperor  of  the  East. 


fjL>  J^Oina.  [Skr.  roma,]  The  fine  hairs  growing 
on  the  body ;  the  down  on  the  skin.  Btdu 
roma  :  the  hairy  tegument  of  animals  such 
as  the  horse  or  monkey  which  cannot  be  said 
to  be  furred.     Liyang  r,  :  the  pores. 

Btilu  liyang  roma  :  the  hair,  pores,  and  down 
on  the  body;  "every  hair  on  the  body"  in 
expressions  such  as  **  every  hair  on  his  body 
stood  on  end ; "  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Bulu  roma 
berdiri :  the  hair  standing  on  end — a  sign  of 
extreme  terror ;  Sh.  Peng.,  5.  Liyang  roma 
kaluwar  peloh-nya :  the  pores  gave  out  their 
perspiration ;  Ht.  Ham^.,  86 ;  cf.  also  Ht. 
Hamz,,  58.  Sa-birat  roma  di-badan  :  as  heavy 
as  the  down  on  the  body  (of  no  weight  at  all) ; 
Prov.,  Ht.  Koris. 


fJL>  ruwam.  A  small  pustule  or  pimple  affecting 
children  ;  a  kind  of  prickly  heat.  Meruwam  : 
to  be  afflicted  with  this. 


O^JU  rumal,  [Pers.  JU^  .]  A  scarf,  a  hand- 
kerchief. Sapu  tangan  r. :  id.,  Ht.  Isk.  Dz, 
Better  ramal^  q.  v. 

*^J    rumit.     Slow ;  deliberate  in  one's  work. 


^Jl)  romok.  Physical  depression  ;  the  feeling  and 
appearance  of  being  out  of  sorts.  Meromok  : 
to  look  and  behave  as  if  one  were  ill. 


O^X)  roman.  1.  Appearance;  shape;  figure; 
look;  the  body  (=^  roma-an?).  Sejok-nya 
masok  sakaliyan  roman :  its  coolness  permeates 
the  whole  body.  Dagangan  berbagai  roman  : 
goods  of  various  forms;  miscellaneous  mer- 
chandise; Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  22.  Terlaln  endah 
di'pandang  roman :  her  form  was  very  fair  to 
see ;  Sh.  Bid.,  9. 

Peroman :  general  appearance.  Lembut 
dengan  laku-laku  lembut  dingan  peroman-nya : 
gentle  in  her  manners  and  gentle  in  her 
looks. 

II.  Pa^^t-stalks  after  the  padi  has  been 
threshed  off  them  ;  ^a<^i-straw ;  Muj.,  53. 

III.  Tampang  roman:  the  name  given  to 
an  obsolete  medium  of  exchange  in  the  form 
of  small  solid  tin  blocks,  like  the  jongkong, 
but  not  indented  as  the  jongkong  was ;  a  solid 
jongkong. 


*Aj  rumah.  A  dwelling-house,  Rumah  burok  di- 
sapu  chat :  a  rotten  house  painted  up ;  an  old 
dude ;  Prov.  Rumah  tirbakar  tikus  habis 
kaluwar :  the  house  was  burnt  and  the  mice 
got  away ;  a  man  burnt  down  his  house  to 
get  rid  of  the  mice,  and  they  all  escaped ; 
Prov. 

R.  atap :  a  thatch-house. 

jR.  batu :  a  brick  or  stone  house. 

R.  monyet :  a  sentry-box. 

R.  panjang :  (Singapore)  a  house  of  ill-fame. 

i?.  tangga:  home;  homestead.  MMinggaU 
kan  anak  bini-nya  dan  rumah  tangga-nya :  to 
leave  their  families  and  homes;  Ht.  Abd., 
368. 

Ibu  r, :  the  main  portion  of  a  Malay  house. 

hi  r, :  family  and  dependents  ;  household. 

Berumah :  to  set  up  a  household  of  one's 
own  ;  to  marry ;  entrer  en  menage,  Patut  sudah 
berumah :  it  is  about  time  that  she  were 
married;  Ht.  Gul,  Bak.,  37. 


^^j    rftmi.      [Pers.   and  Arab.]      Macedonian    By 
zantine ;  Turkish  ;  the  adjective  of  rttm,  q.  v. 


ox> 


ruwan.      I.      The    name    of    a   fish.      Also 
aruwan  and  haruwan,  q.  v. 

II.     See  keruwan. 


03J  ^^^^*  Colour; — an  equivalent  of  war na,  q.  v. 
Laksana  kain  puteh,  apa  nak  rona  buleh  belaka : 
like  white  cloth,  which  can  be  dyed  any 
colour  you  like  ;  Prov. 

Pancharona  :  of  several  colours ; — used 
especially  of  thread  or  string  with  different 
coloured  strands. 


lyj    runut.     Merunut :    to   worry   a   man   to   give 
anything. 


©At  ruwah.  I.  Meruwah:  to  call  a  person  from 
a  distant  spot  by  shouting.  Ruwah  pBrem- 
puwan  itu  ka-mari :  call  that  woman  here ; 
Marsd. 

Keruwah :  as  far  as  the  sound  of  a  cry  can 
carry;  Ht.  Hamz.,  35,  39,  84. 

II.  Poured  out — of  liquid  or  viscous  sub- 
stances, or  of  many  articles  being  poured  out 
en  masse.  Tumpah  ruwah :  id.  (intensitive) ; 
Pel.  Abd.,  155. 

Ruwahkan  :  to  pour  out ;  to  upset  out ;  Ht. 
Mash.,  64. 

III,  Bidan  ruwah  :  [Arab.  r-\jj^\  ]  a  popular 

name  for  the  month  Sha^ban  because  of  the 
arwdh  festival  held  during  that  month. 


RUWAI 


[    351    ] 


REBEH 


^JL> 


ruwai.  L  Weakness  as  the  result  of  dis- 
proportionate length.  Ruwai  sangat  orang 
itu:  that  man  is  too  tall  for  his  build.  Tiyang 
iUi  rmvai :  the  pillar  is  too  weak. 

Ruwai  is  also  used  of  any  long  thin  body 
which  is  weak  through  thinness.  Tali  r, :  a 
cord  too  weak  to  bear  the  strain  put  on  it. 

IL     A  bird  (unidentified). 


Z^^j    royat.     I.     Narrative;  =  riwdyat,  q.  v. 


II.      [Arab,  hjj  .]     Aspect;   vision.     Royat 

A  llah  ta'ala  dalain  suwarga  :  the  vision  of  God 
Most  High  in  Heaven;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  380. 

^i^    ruyong.     The   wood   of   palm-trees.    Jikalau 
^  tidak  di'pechah  ruyong  dt-mana  btileh  mendapat 

sagu:  if  you  do  not  split  the  trunk  of  the 
palm  how  can  you  get  at  the  sago  ? — there 
can  be  no  omelette  without  the  breaking  of 
eggs ;  Prov. 

Pagar  r.  :  the  name  of  a  place  in  Sumatra ; 
the  seat  of  the  old  empire  of  Menangkabau. 


iAj    ruyup.     Heavy,  of  the  eyelids  ;    winking  with 
sleepiness. 


^Aj    royak.     Mcroyak :    to   spread,   of  an  ulcer  or 

skin   disease ;    to   extend ;    (by   metaphor)   to 
extend  a  story  to  unnecessary  length. 

ry^s    ^royan.     (Riau,   Johor.)     A  disease   following 
"■^      confinement ;   the  protraction   of  the  flow  of 
blood ;  (Kedah)  riyan. 

aJ  ft\  ruyu.  Clinging  affection,  such  as  that  of  a 
very  young  child  for  its  mother.  Meruyu  :  to 
cling  to  its  mother,  of  a  child. 

<3tJL>  l^onyok.  I.  Destruction  or  injury  to  any 
hollow  object  or  utensil  by  knocking  in  a 
side. 

M  Irony  ok  :  to  knock  in  the  side  of  a  tin  pot 
or  the  top  of  a  hat,  etc. 

II.     Peronyok  :  to  crumple  up ;  see  peronyok. 

*^JL>  ronyeh.  Indistinctness  of  utterance  caused 
by  loss  of  teeth  and  loss  of  memory. 

Mironyeh:   to   dote;    to   babble   indistinctly 
and  foolishly,  of  an  old  man. 


^j^j  rahasiya  or  rahsiya.  [Skr.  rahasya,]  A 
secret ;  anything  of  a  confidential  character. 
Ada-pun yang  bernama  rahasiya  itu  melainkan 
pada  empat  telinga  dan  duwa  kepala  juga  :  that 
which  is  called  a  secret  is  a  matter  confined 
to  four  ears  and  two  heads  only;  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  200. 

Mimbuka  r,  and  membukakan  r. :  to  reveal 
a  secret  (to  a  third  party) . 

Memechah  r. ;  to  publish  a  secret ;  to  make  a 
public  announcement  of  what  was  previously 
confidential ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  3. 


^J 


Menaroh  r,  and  menyimpan  r, :  to  keep  a 
secret.  Bahuwa  segala  perempuwan  tiyada  tahu 
menaroh  rahasiya :  of  a  truth,  no  women  know 
how  to  keep  a  secret ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  204. 

Rahasiyakan :  to  make  a  secret  of  (anything); 
to  state  (anything)  in  confidence ;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah. 

Also  rusiya. 

rai.  (Onom.)  A  clattering  sound  such  as 
that  caused  by  the  falling  of  a  number  of 
small  objects ;  cf.  derai  and  lerai. 


(Sj  riya.  I.  Joy;  pleasure;  audible  enjoyment. 
Riya  hati :  id.,  Sh.  Jub.  MaL,  13.  Suka  r. : 
id. ;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  2.  Ada  yang  tangis,  ada 
yang  riya :  some  were  in  tears,  some  were 
enjoying  themselves;  Sh.  Bah.  Sing.,  8. 

II.     (Arab,  ^j  :  hypocrisy?)    Pride;  conceit; 
an  equivalent  of  takabbur  or  kebesaran, 
Takabbiir   dan   riya, 

Jangan   sa-kali ; 
Jalan  yang  siya-siya 
Jangan  peduli : 

never  give  way  to  vanity  or  arrogance ;  pay 
no  heed  to  courses  that  lead  to  uselessness ; 
Van  Hoevell,  Notes  on  the  Sha'ir  Bidasari ; 
Trans.  Batav.  Soc,  Vol.  XIX.,  p.  264. 


i> 


'-J 


CniJ 


^j 


^^J 


riba.  I.  Taking  on  one's  lap  or  breast. 
Meriba :  to  put  on  one's  lap.  M,  anak  :  to 
take  a  child  on  one's  lap ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 
Suwami-nya  telah  tiyada  meriba  kipala-nya: 
her  husband  was  no  longer  supporting  her 
head  on  his  lap ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Ribaan :  the  lap ;  the  bosom. 

II.  [Arab.  \j  .]  Usury;  interest  on  money. 
Maka  riba  ganda  berganda  :  to  take  a  hundred 
per  cent,  interest ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

ribut.  A  storm  of  wind ;  a  gale  of  wind ;  a 
very  strong  wind.  Turun-lah  ribut :  the 
storm  burst ;  a  heavy  squall  came  down. 
Pokok  r, :  a  black  cloud  presaging  a  gale  of 
wind.  Datang'lah  angin  ribut  tofdn  serta 
ombak-nya  th'lalu  besar :  there  came  down 
a  wind,  a  storm,  a  hurricane,  with  waves 
of  enormous  size;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

rebak.  A  deep  clean  cut  or  wound ;  a  straight 
rent  in  a  garment.  Merebak  :  to  be  clean, 
straight  and  closed,  of  a  wound  such  as  a 
razor  cut,  in  contradistinction  to  a  gaping  or 
jagged  wound. 

ribu.     L    Thousand.     Sa-ribu  :  a  thousand. 
1 1.     Ribu-ribu  :  a  plant,  lygodium  scandens. 

rebeh.  Injury  on  one  side  only;  damaged 
on  one  flank  but  not  on  the  other,  as  a  house 
which  has  partially  fallen  in,  or  as  a  bird  of 
which  one  pinion  only  is  broken. 


BETA 


[    352    ] 


BINGAN 


C^  reta.  Mgreta-reta :  to  talk  much  and  foolish* 
ly ;  =  mSrepet-repet. 

Cxkj  retin.  [Dutch  ruUen.]  '*  Diamonds'';  the  suit 
** diamonds"  in  playing-cards.  Also  ratin 
and  retin. 


t- 


i> 


'^j 


j?0 


0-\) 


iS^.} 


^JV 


reja.  Leavings ;  anything  left  over  or  cut  off 
as  useless.  Reja-reja  kain :  scraps  of  cloth 
cut  away  in  tailoring,  Reja-reja  ayam :  the 
feet,  feathers,  etc.,  removed  in  dressing  a 
fowl.  Reja-reja  nasi :  rice  left  over  after 
preparing  a  meal.  Sisa  is,  however,  specially 
used  of  the  leavings  after  a  meal.  When  used 
of  wood,  reja  means  a  bit  of  wood  sawn  off 
instead  of  one  chopped  off  (bahan). 


rejeh.     Blood-shot ; 
the  eye. 


filled    with    mucus,    of 


richau.  The  indistinct  utterance  of  a  tongue 
as  yet  unaccustomed  to  speech  ;  the  speech 
of  a  very  young  child,  or  of  a  parrot  or 
murai.  MBrtchau  and  menggerichau :  (of  an 
infant  or  talking-bird)  to  speak. 

richeh  or  recheh.  I.  Mericheh  :  (Selangor) 
to  shred ;  an  equivalent  of  mengiris, 

II.  Merecheh:  (Kedah)  to  giggle  greatly 
when  telling  a  story;  to  laugh  at  a  joke 
while  relating  it,  but  before  one  actually 
reaches  the  point  of  the  jest. 

rih.     Arab.     Wind ;  Muj.,  89. 

reding.  I.  A  kind  of  thick  netting  used  for 
catching  large  ground  game ;  Sej.  Mai.,  55. 

11.  Meredtng :  to  just  show  anything 
above  the  surface — of  a  crocodile  projecting 
any  part  of  his  body  above  the  water,  or  of 
a  fish  just  showing  a  fin.  Also  menggere- 
ding, 

lidan.  A  tree  yielding  a  sour  fruit,  nephelium 
maingayi, 

redi  or  ridi.  I.  A  kind  of  hammock-Htter ; 
a  sort  of  hammock  slung  from  a  pole  which  is 
borne  on  men's  shoulders. 

II .  [Eng.  ready.]  Ready  for  issue  or  signa- 
ture, of  a  legal  docunient  which  only  requires 
stamping  or  signing.     A  Singapore  word. 

III.  PBridi :  (Riau  Johor.)  Fertile,  regu- 
larly bearing  young  ( of  animals  or  women). 

riri.  An  exclamation  for  calling  ducks*  Also 
didi  and  di. 


ijHj  riyas.  The  soft  trunk  of  trees  such  as  the 
banana.  Also  Briyas,  Birkotakan  r.  to  make 
a  fort  of  such  soft  trunks ;  Sej.  MaL,  83. 

ijHj  risa.  A  wen,  bump,  or  swelling,  when  more 
or  less  permanent  and  painless. 


^y^.j 


J^J 


ii> 


LT^O 


J*D 


O^J 


lisek.     The  direct  or  indirect  acquisition  of 

confidential  information  regarding  any  matter 
before  taking  action.  Merisek :  to  make 
private  enquiries ;  (especially)  to  try,  through 
third  parties,  to  find  out  how  a  proposal  of 
marriage  is  likely  to  be  received  before  making 
that  proposal. 

Sudah  birpakat  b^harn  berbisek, 
Orang  mengendap   di-chelah  papan; 

Dengan  perlahan  di-chari  risck, 
Rahasiya   tirbuka   di4engah  jalan : 

when  you  have  concluded  an  agreement,  then 
only  whisper  about  it,  for  men  may  be  listen- 
ing at  holes  in  the  wall  ^ ;  while  you  are 
quietly  setting  enquiries  on  foot,  your  secret  is 
blazed  abroad  in  the  midst  of  the  street ; 
'*  walls  have  ears ;"  Prov. 

risau.  Undisciplined;  riotous;  ill-regulated, 
of  behaviour;  noisy  and  lawless  conduct ;  Sh. 
Bah.  Sing.,  7. 


riyang. 

oar. 


I,     Backing  water  with  a  paddle  or 


II.  Excitement;  the  dizziness  that  comes 
from  excitement ;  dizzy  with  pleasure.  R, 
semangat :  dizzy;  giddy;  Bint.  Tim.,  16 
January,  1895  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

III.  Riyang-riyang  :  dc  cicada)  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
Asam  riyang-riyang:  a  plant,  archy tea  vahlii, 

J^ij    riyong.     A  very  tall  grass,  antistiria  gigantea. 

iJilj    rengot   or   rengut.     I.     Merengut:    (Kedah) 
to  grumble ;    to  murmur. 

II.  The  name  of  a  large  creeping  aroid 
with  huge  leathery  leaves,  epipremmmi  gi- 
gantetim. 


rengas 

yielding 


A   generic   name   for   several   trees 
a  fine   red   wood   and  a   poisonous 


varnish.     Usually   pronounced  rengas,    q.    v. 

rengek.  Continuous  and  importunate  soli- 
citation ;  the  behaviour  of  a  child  which 
allows  its  mother  no  peace  until  its  wishes 
have  been  complied  with.  Merengek :  to 
cry  for  anything;     to  whine  for  anything. 

ringail.  Light ;  easy  to  bear  or  carry ;  (by 
metaphor)  unimportant ;  of  little  considera- 
tion. Hukmnan-nya  berat  kapada  orang  miskin 
dan  iHngan  kapada  orang  kaya :  his  sentences 
were  heavy  for  the  poor  and  light  for  the 
wealthy;  Ht.  Abd.,  291,  Maka  demikiyan 
hdl-nya  Sultan  itii-pun  pada  pemandangan 
segala  orang  puteh  terlalu  ringan  ada-nya :  in 
this  way  the  Sultan  came  to  be  a  person 
of  but  little  importance  in  the  sight  of 
Europeans ;    Ht.   Abd.,   336. 

1  Literally  :  "  crouching  before  the  cracks  in  boarding/' 


RINGIN 


[     353    ] 


RINOH 


Ringan  kepala :  quick -wittedness ;  active 
intelligence. 

Ringan  tulang  berat  penit :  light  bones 
make  a  heavy  stomach  ;  active  limbs  give 
one    plenty    to    eat;     Prov.,    J.    S.     A.     S., 

n„  137. 

Ringankan  and  tneringankan :  to  lighten  ; 
to   lessen ;    to   ease. 


i^y^j  ringin.  Sapu-sapu  ringin:  the  name  of  a 
children's  game  so  called  from  the  first  line 
of  a  nonsense  rhyme  sung  while  playing  it ; 
Sej.  MaL,  144. 


ij  riyap.  Shooting  up  quickly;  growing  up 
rapidly;  flourishing;  breeding  rapidly;  spread- 
ing rapidly,  generally  in  a  semi-contemptuous 
or  uncomplimentary  sense.  Meriyap :  to 
expand  ;  to  spread ;  to  sprout  up. 


C.-vi^  repet.  Merepet  and  merepet-repet :  (Kedah)  to  I 
talk  much  and  foolishly;  (Riau,  Johor)  I 
merepek,  j 


J*. 


f^ 


riyal.  [Port,  real']  A  coin,  usually  the 
Spanish  dollar;  at  Riau,  sixty  cents  of  a 
dollar.  Dulapan  ratus  riyal  pada  sa-bulan  ya- 
itu  sa-ribu  mam  rattis  rupiyah  banyak-nya :  a 
sum  of  $800  a  month,  or  1,600  Rupees,  its 
equivalent  in  value;  Ht.  Abd.,  232. 

The  use  of  the  descriptive  word  ringgit  has 
now  generally  supplanted  that  of  riyal  in  the 
Straits  Settlements;  but  the  word  riyal  is 
still  common  in  Achin  and  occurs  sometimes 
in  proverbs  and  books.  See  J.  S.  A.  S.,  IIL, 
34;  Sh.  Dag.,  2;  Sh,  Panj.  Sg. ;  Ht.  Raj. 
Don.,  49;  Ht.  Si  Misk.,  84. 


riyam,  A  waterfall  or  rapid  ;  a  swift  current 
caused  by  a  slope  in  the  river  bed  or  by  a 
freshet. 

Kalaii   riyak,    riyam   dahuki, 
Tenang-tenang  kuwala  Jambi ; 

Kalau   rewak,   diyam   dahulu, 
Tenang-tenang  kita  perjadi : 

if  there  are  eddies  in  the  river,  a  freshet  must 
have  preceded  them,  for  calm  indeed  is  the 
mouth  of  the  Jambi. 


ij^j  repes.  Slow  and  languid  motion.  Merepes 
and  menggerepes :  to  fidget  about  quietly ;  to 
move  the  fingers  slowly  but  continually. 

{J*^J    repus.     A  variant  of  rempus  or  rirnpns,  q.  v. 

(3*0    repek.     Merepek :   (Riau,  Johor)   to  talk  con- 
tinually  and  foolishly. 

{^J    riyak.      Ripples   of  water    moving   away   in 

circles  from  the  centre  of  disturbance. 
Lornba-lomba  tnain  gelombang,  riyak-nya  sampai 
ka-Inderagiri :  a  porpoise  disports  itself  on 
the  waves;  the  ripples  it  causes  spread  to 
Indragiri;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI.,  34. 

3i>    riyok.      Patah   riyok :    a   compound    fracture 

in  contradistinction  to  a  simple  fracture ;  an 
intensitive  of  patah;  Ht.  Abd.,  24. 

v3^j)  reka.  [Skr.  rekhd,]  Composition;  stringing 
together;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  2 ;:=karang,  Rekaan : 
a  thing  composed ;  a  narrative  or  tale. 

Ini'lah,   tuwan,   cherita  snwatu, 
Rekaan   orang  zaindn   dahulu  : 

this,  Sir,  is  a  story  composed  by  men  of  old ; 
Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  i. 

{^y^j    reken.     Eur.     To  reckon. 

Cp^    rikan.     A  mat  used  in  sago  making. 

^— *-^    rigap.       (  Kedah. )       Catching ;      seizure ;  = 
tangkap,  but  more  refined  in  use. 


^J*^^  rimas-  The  sensation  of  being  about  to  burst 
out  into  sweat;  just  breaking  into  perspira- 
tion. Tiiboh  katni  rimas  rasa-nya :  we  feel 
warm  to  perspiring  point;  Ht.  Koris.  Peloh- 
nya  pun  rimas-rimas  behasa  akan  mengapuskan 
urap-nrapan-nya ;  there  was  a  ver}'  slight  per- 
spiration, just  enough  to  remove  the  perfumed 
face-powder;  Ht.  Sh. 


y^^    rimau.      A   tiger;     a    colloquial    variant 
abbreviation  of  harimau,  q.  v. 


or 


^J 


Crtj 


rimah.  Crumbs  of  bread  left  on  the  table 
at  a  meal ;  small  particles  of  food  scattered 
about  the  table  or  floor  in  the  course  of  a 
meal. 

Sisa  ritnah  :  the  fragments  after  a  meal ;  the 
food  left  in  the  plates  (sisa)  and  that  scattered 
outside  the  plates  (rimah);  Ht.  Koris. 


riyan,  A  measure  of  thread ;  a  small  parcel 
of  skeins,  the  skein  ( unting )  being  the 
minimum  unit  of  measurement.     Cf.  ttihaL 


^y^ij    renek.     Tremulous — of  the  voice ;  the  tremolo 
in  music  or  singing. 


'^^j  reneh.  Mereneh  and  menggh'eneh :  to  bubble 
up  slightly. 

4Jj[  t    rinah.     Merinah  :  to  drip ;  to  weep. 

^^^  rinoh.  Rinoh-rayu  :  cos-xing ;  cozening;  Bint. 
Tim.,  4  April,  1895 ;  an  intensitive  of  rayu, 
q.  V. 


RIYAU 


[     354     ] 


zulIkha 


5^    riyatl.     I.     The  Dutch  settlement  known  as 
**Rhio"  or  **Riau." 

IL     See  keriyati, 

^Wj    riwasa.     [Skr.  diwasa,  a  day.]     Time,  date. 
Better  dewasa,  q.  v. 

^  5ij    ^^Wang.     Merewang :  to  yaw,  of  a  ship. 

^jij    rewak.      The    possession    of    news;    having 
something  to  say. 

Kalau  riyak,   riyam   dahulu; 

TBfiang'tinang  kuwala  Jambi; 
Kalau  rewak,   diyam  dahulu; 

Tinang'tinang   kita  perjadi : 

if  you  have  news,  be  silent  about  it  first,  for 
it  is  only  in  still  waters  that  we  can  effect 
anything;  Prov. 


^j  riyoh.  I.  Noise;  clamour.  Tiyada-lah 
meningar  bunyi  apa  lain  lagi  melainkan  riyoh 
bunyi  belajar  dan  mingaji  sehaja :  nothing  was 
to  be  heard  except  the  clamour  of  learning 
and  reading;  Ht.  Abd.,  19. 

Riyoh-rendah :  uproar ;  an  intensitive  of  riyoh, 

II.  Chapek-riyoh :  lame  as  the  result  of  a 
fracture,  the  bones  not  having  afterwards  set 
properly;  Sej.  MaL,  134;  also  chapek  ruwii. 
a,  riyok, 

j^j    rinyau.     A  fish  (unidentified). 


4^ 


•ij    renyeh.     M^renyek:   to  speak  indistinctly 
disconnectedly. 

^3*jj    renyok.     See  rennyoL 
*Uj[j    renyah.     See  rmnyah. 


or 


4j5t^j    renyai.     See  rmnyai. 


^ 


J 


The  letter  zd;  the  twelfth  letter  of  the  Malay 
Alphabet ;  the  alphabetical  equivalent  for  the 
number  7  in  the  abjad,  q.  v. 

Z&.     The  name  of  the  letter  j  . 

zSidah.  Pers.  Born,  born  of,  son  of. 
Shah'Zddah :  a  prince  t  the  son  of  a  king. 
Haldl'Zddah :  born  in  lawful  wedlock,  legiti- 
mate. Hardnt  zddah :  illegitimate  ;  a  bastard. 
Milawan  Belanda  hardm-zddah  :  to  fight  those 
bastards  of  Dutchmen;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  15, — 
where  the  word  is  used  as  a  mere  term  of 
abuse;  cf.  also  (in  this  sense)  Ht.  Hamz.,  9, 
53,  58,  61. 

Z&wiyyat.  Arab.  A  small  chapel ;  a  private 
mosque  where  the  Friday  general  congrega- 
tional service  is  not  held. 

zahid.  Arab.  A  man  who  has  given  up  the 
things  of  the  world;  an  ascetic;  a  hermit. 
Ada  sa-orang  orang  bMapa  pBrgi  minghadap 
sa-orang  raja;  maka  di-biri-nya  anugeraha 
suwatu  pakaiyan  yang  muliya  kapada  zdhid  itu : 
an  anchorite  went  to  see  a  prince,  and  the 
prince  gave  a  robe  of  honour  to  that  ascetic ; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  53. 


Jiij    zabad.     Arab.     Musk;  usually jW^f,  q.  V. 
J>0    ^^^^'     '^^^'^'     ^^^  Psalms  of  David. 


^^b 


\> 


r-^j    zabib.     Arab.     Raisins;  dried  fruit,     Anggor 
zabib :  raisins;  Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  31. 


ft>Ajjj  zubaidah.  Arab.  A  proper  name  given  to 
women ;  the  name  of  the  wife  of  HarunaW- 
rashid.  Among  Malays  this  name  is  usually 
shortened  to  Baidah  or  Bedah. 


y 


V 


zuhal.      Arab.      The     planet     Saturn ;     the 

heavenly  body  presiding  over  the  fortunes  of 
the  seventh  day  of  the  week  in  the  ketika 
tujoh. 


^\)j  zir&fah.  Arab.  A  giraffe  or  cameleopard. 
Berkendaraan  di-atas  zirdfah  indera  :  riding  on 
a  royal  giraffe ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Di-pachu-nya 
zirdfah'Uya  :  he  spurred  his  giraffe ;  Ht.  Isk. 
Dz. 


^^j   zanggi.    See  ^j  . 

oOj    zakat.      Arab.      Alms.      B^rzakdt :    to    give 
alms;  Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  16. 

Memberi  zakdt :  id. ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

^\    zakt.     Arab.     Pure. 

\^j    zultkha.      Arab.      The    name    ascribed    by 
tradition  to  Potiphar's  wife. 


ZAMAN 


[    355     ] 


zIrah 


J^j 


\j 


'J 


s^. 


'J 


*^W 


V^ 


zam&n.  Arab.  Age,  time.  Akhir  z,:  to  th^ 
end  of  time,  Eternity.  Akhir  dan  z, :  id. 
Zamdn  berzamdn  :  age  after  age ;  Ht.  Pg,  Ptg. 

ZBiXnrtid.  Arab.  Emerald.  Z.  yattg  hijau : 
green  emerald ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

zamzam.  Arab.  The  Zemzem  well  at 
Mecca;  the  well  which  God  created  for 
Hagar  and  Ishmael. 

zina'.  Arab.  Fornication ;  adultery ;  Ht. 
Bakht.,  69;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  2;  Sh.  May.,  19. 

zailgi.  Pers.  Ethiopian,  African,  Zanzibari; 
( by  extension )  a  giant,  a  monster ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.,  Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.     Seejanggi, 

zawadah.  Pers.  Cakes,  baked  sweetmeats ; 
usually  juwadah,  q.  v. 

zuhrah.  Arab.  The  planet  Venus;  the 
heavenly  body  presiding  over  the  fortunes  of 
the  sixth  day  of  the  week  in  the  ketika  Utjoh, 


oyij   ziyarat 


Arab.  A  pilgrim  to  a  holy  grave; 
a  pilgrimage ;  a  grave  to  which  pilgrimages 
are  made. 


V 


Pergi  z, :  to  make  a  pilgrimage  of  this  sort ; 
to  visit  a  keramat ;  Ht.  Gh.  Berziydrah  id. 
Menziydrah :  id. ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Ziydrah- 
kan :  id.;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  17.     Cf.jirat. 


zait.     Arab.     The  olive.     Often  called  buwah 
zaitnn  or  zeiun ;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  3. 


Crk)    zaitun  or  zetun. 


See  zait. 


JV 


zir.  Pers.  Below.  Zir-bad :  '*  below  the 
wind,"  to  leeward  ;  ^n  equivalent  of  di- haw  ah 
angin ;    see  angin. 


^w\  zirah.  Pers.  A  coat  of  mail ;  Ht.  Koris. 
Bajn  z, :  id.,  Ht.  Abus.,  7.  Baju  z,  bSsi :  id. ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Mard.;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz.;  Ht.  Hamz., 
61. 


>" 


A 


MALAY   ENGLISH 

DICTIONARY 


BY 


R.  J.  WILKINSON, 

(Straits  Settlements  Civil  Service ). 


Part  11. 

(SIN    TO    NYA. ) 


Sinaapore : 

PRINTED     AND     PUBLISHED 

BY 

KELLY    &    WALSH,    LIMITED, 

32,  Raffles  Place, 

AND   AT 

HONGKONG,     SHANGHAI,    and    YOKOHAMA. 

1902. 


SA 


[    357    ] 


SABA 


PART    II. 


ur 


The  letter  sin ;  the  thirteenth  letter  of  the 
Malay  alphabet;  the  alphabetical  equivalent 
for  the  number  60  in  the  abjad,  q.  v. 


sa.  A  prefix  suggesting  unity;  one;  a; 
forming  or  constituting  one.  In  this  last 
sense  the  word  is  used  very  idiomatically; 
e.  g,y  sa-rupa:  forming  one  in  appearance, 
i.  e.f  alike,  similar;  sa-rasa  :  one  in  taste,  i.  c, 
tasting  like;  sa-kechil  ini :  one  in  this  small 
size,  i.  e,y  equally  small ;  as  small  as  this.  By 
an  extension  of  this  meaning  sa  is  often  used 
in  the  sense  of  "  all,"  i.  e,,  all  the  items 
constituting  one  whole.  Sa-Uimtir-ku :  in  all 
my  life ;  as  long  as  I  live,  or  as  long  as  I  have 
lived ;  —  life  being  considered  as  one  item 
made  up  of  many  years.  Ku  jawdb-lah  dengan 
sa4ahu'ku:  I  answered  with  all  my  know- 
ledge, i,  e.,  to  the  best  of  my  knowledge ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  142. 

The  following  examples  will  illustrate  the 
use  of  sa  as  a  comparative :  Orang  yang  sa-elok 
ini :  a  man  as  handsome  as  this.  Langit  yang 
sa-besar  iiu  :  the  sky  which  is  so  broad.  Ada- 
kah  sa-banyak  bulu  ayam  jantan  itu :  are  they 
as  numerous  as  the  feathers  on  that  cock  ?  In 
these  examples  the  word  sa  suggests  one-ness 
in  quality,  i.  ^.,  similarity. 

The  following  examples  illustrate  the  use  of 
sa  in  the  sense  of  completeness  or  entirety : 
Dengan  sa-snchi'Suchi  hafi-ku :  with  the  purest 
of  feelings.  Sa-isi-isi  negeri :  all  the  inhabi- 
tants of  the  country.  Hampir-hampir  habis 
sa-Melaka :  almost  the  whole  of  Malacca. 
Sa-panjang'panjang  hutan :  all  the  length  of 
the  forest. 

As  a  numeral  or  indefinite  article  the  word 
sa  is  generally  used  with  a  classifier  or 
numeral  coefficient.  Sa-orang  manusiya:  a 
man.  Sa-ekor  kerban :  a  buffalo  ;  (literally)  a 
tail  of  buffalo.  Sa-batang  pokok :  a  tree ; 
(literally)  a  trunk  of  tree.  Sa-bnwah  negeri : 
a  town ;  cf.  buwah.  There  are,  however, 
many  exceptions,  e.  g,,  sa-hari :  a  day;  sa- 
tahtm,  a  year ;  sa-paroh  :  a  half;  etc. 


I>Um 


The  following  idiomatic  expressions  with  sa 
are  used  to  express  common  ideas : — 

Sa-belah :  one  side,  on  one  side ;  in  the 
direction  of;  towards;  (literally)  one  in 
section  with;  e.  g.,  sa-belah  utara:  towards 
the  North ;  sa-bilah  Bombe :  somewhere  in 
the  direction  of  Bombay ;  sa-belah  menyibelah  : 
on  both  sides. 

Sa-b^lntn :  while  as  yet  not ;  while  .  .  . 
not ;  before ;  e.  g,,  sa-belum  iya  pergi  :  before 
he  had  started. 

Sa-bentar:  one  moment;  at  once;  at  the 
very  moment. 

Sa-hingga :  until. 

Sa-kali :  at  one  time ;  all  at  one  time ; 
altogether. 

Sa-kali-pnn :  although, 

Sa-kiyan :  this  much;  so;  e.  g*.,  sa-kiyan 
lama :  as  long  as  this ;  so  long. 

Sa4agi:  while  still. 

Sa-mana-mana  :  in  any  way ;  tiyada  sa-mana- 
mana  :  for  no  reason  whatever. 

Sa-mata-mata :  clearly;  obviously. 
Sa-orang :  one  (man) ;  alone. 
Sa-orang'Orang :  quite  alone. 
Sa-sa-orang :  each  person. 
Sa-suwatu:  each. 

Sa4elah :  when  (a  thing  was)  over;  e.  g,,  sa- 
telah    iya    p^rgi :    when   he  had  gone. 

Sa4ujn:    in  harmony;    harmonious. 

The  Enghsh  word  "  like*'  is  often  translated 
by  one  of  the  idioms  of  this  word  sa.  Sa- 
umpama :  like,  i,  e.  as  a  similar  instance  or 
example.  Sa-rasa:  like  (in  taste),  Sa- 
macham,  or  sa-bagai:  like  (in  kind).  Sa- 
laku:  like  (in  manner),  Sa-rupa:  like  (in 
appearance). 

saba.  [Skr.  sabhd :  house,]  Association  on 
famiUar  terms;  frequenting,  associating  with. 
Ada  stiwatu  kolam  yang  tiyada  di-saba  orang : 
there  was  a  mere  which  men  did  not 
frequent;  Kl. 


45 


SABIT 


[    358    ] 


SATIN 


*w    sabit.     I.     A  native  sickle. 

Minyabit :  to  reap  with  a  sickle. 

Pinyabit :  a  man  who  reaps  with  the  sabit ; 
also  (Malacca)  a  stealer  of  heads ;  a  murderer 
who  obtains  heads  when  wanted  (according 
to  Malay  belief)  by  the  P.  W.  D.  for  burying 
under  the  foundations  of  a  bridge  or  building 
in  order  to  propitiate  evil  spirits  and  avert 
ill  luck. 

IL       [Arab.    c^\  :  certain,  sure.]     Certain 

revelation,  certainty ;  revealed  as  true  beyond 
the  shadow  of  doubt. 

.^  sabtlt.  The  fibrous  portion,  wrapper,  or 
shell  of  a  fruit  such  as  the  coco-nut ;  coco- 
nut fibre.  S.  pinang :  the  fibrous  skin  of 
the  areca-nut.  Untong  sabut  timbul^  untong 
batu  tenggUam :  it  is  the  fate  of  fibre  to 
float,  it  is  the  destiny  of  stones  to  sink; 
men  are  born  different  and  it  is  useless  to 
shut  one's  eyes  to  that  fact;  Prov.,  J.  S. 
A.  S.,  XL,  35;    Ht.  Raj.   Don.,  21, 

Kulit  s.;  the  fibrous  shell  of  the  coco-nut. 
Kapal  sa-besar  itu  menjadi  kulit  sabut  di4engah 
laut :  so  large  a  ship  became  as  a  mere 
coco-nut  shell  in  the  midst  of  the  ocean ; 
Pel.   Abd.,    131. 

Tali  s.;  a  rope  of  common  coco-nut  fibre; 
cheap  cordage ;  Pel.  Abd.,  131 ;  Sh.  Pant. 
Shi.,  12.  Tali  Menila  menjadi  sabut:  a  rope 
of  Manila  hemp  has  become  one  of  fibre; 
a  proverbial  expression  describing  a  man 
who  has  come  down  in  the  world.  Bagai 
parang  burok,  tali  sabut  tiyada  tergolok :  like 
a  worn-out  chopper,  which  cannot  even  cut  i 
the  commonest  fibre-rope  ;  Prov.  i 

J"}^    sabar.     [Arab.  ^;w>  .]     Patience ;  see  .jy^  .       j 

j*\^  sabor.  I.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Intermingling;  a  i 
confused  melee;  wild  scurrying  and  confusion.  \ 
Sabor  segala  anak  dara-dara  melihat  lahsamana 
berjalan :  all  the  girls  rushed  wildly  to  see  the 
Laksamana  pass ;  Sej.  Mai.,  143.  Sangat-lah 
sabor  peperangan  :  the  fight  had  become  a  wild 
melee ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard.  Di-dalam  sabor  itu  : 
in  the  crush  or  crowd  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  146.  Sabor- 
lah  suwara  yang  berteriyak  tangis  itu :  the 
voices  of  those  who  were  shrieking  and 
weeping  mingled  into  a  confused  uproar ; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah.     Also  (Kedah)  sambor. 

Sabor4imor :  utterly  commingled  in  con- 
fusion,— an  intensitive  of  sabor,  Sabor- 
menyabor  :  id.,  Ht.  Sh.     Cf.  sabong-mBnyabong, 

11.     Layar  sabor :  the  top-gallant  sail. 

w    Sabas.     [Pers.    shabash,]     Bravo ;    excellent, 
capital. 


U-i 


m|  w    sabang.     A  small  triangular  sail  permanently 
^  attached  to  the  mast,  and  rolled  round  the 

mast  when  not  in  use. 


p.Jw    sabong.     I.      Cock-fighting.      A  lah     sabong 

^  menang  sorak :  to  lose  the  fight  but  win  in 

crowing  over  it;  not  to  know  when  one  is 

beaten   and   to  get   credit     even   in   defeat ; 

Prov. 

Sabongan :  the  process,  sport,  or  art  of  cock- 
fighting.  Ayam  s.  ;  a  cock  kept  for  fighting ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  82.  Kalah  s. :  to  get  the  worse  in 
a  cock-fight ;  Sh.  Ul.,  36. 

Menyabong :  to  engage  in  cock-fighting, 
whether  of  the  cock  itself  (Ht.  Abd.,  272)  or 
of  its  owner  (Ht.  Abd.,  205).  This  word  is 
also  used  to  describe  an  uneasy  sleeper  kick- 
ing out  with  both  feet  simultaneously — a 
practice  believed  by  Malays  to  be  most 
unlucky. 

Sabong  is  also  used  (less  correctly)  of  the 
fighting  of  the  keridek  or  mole-cricket. 

n.  The  flashing  of  forked  lightning  ;  light- 
ning flashing  from  several  quarters  and  in 
various  directions  ;  a  thunderstorm  all  round 
one.  Sabong-menyabong  :  id. ;  the  intensitive 
of  sabong;  Ht.  Abd.,  82;  Sej.  Mai.,  146;  Ht. 
Ism.  Yat,,  18 ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ;  Ht.  Ind,  Jaya; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.,  etc.  This  use  of  sabong  is 
sometimes  explained  as  connected  with  sabong^ 
I,     Cf.  sabor,  I. 


^w    sabak.     I.     Meratap   berbiji  sabak :    to   weep 

copiously;     Ht.    Abd.,    438.      The    word   is 
refined  in  use. 

Minyabak  :  to  weep;  Ht.  Best. 

II.      The    boiling    of    palm-sap   in     sugar- 
making. 


^u«  sabok.  A  peculiar  kind  of  napkin  or  plaid 
worn  hanging  over  the  shoulder.  Maka 
sigera-lah  di-sapu-nya  dengan  puncha  sabok-nya 
takut  di-ketahuwi  uleh  Dewi  Ttmjong  Sari : 
he  promptly  wiped  it  away  with  his  plaid 
fcciring  lest  Tunjong  Sari  should  notice  it; 
Ht.  Sg,  Samb.  This  plaid  was  often  highly 
ornamental  and  made  of  bright  cloths  such 
as  kain  chindai  (Ht.  Ind.  Nata)  or  gerengseng 
sangupati  (Ht.  Sh.). 

ry\^  saban.  [Jav.  saben.]  Every.  Di-minum 
saban  pagi :  to  be  taken  every  morning  (from 
a  medical  prescription). 

^U«    sabun.     [Arab.  c>^\^  .]     Soap. 

4jW  sabah.  [Arab.  shabah,]  Resemblance; 
similarity. 

(AU*    sabi.     [Pers.  s/ta6t.]     Shirt ;  night-shirt. 

rjK^    satin.     Eng.     Satin ;   Ht.  Koris. 


SATU 


[    359    ] 


SARA 


^W    satu.     I.     One;   an   abbreviation   of   suwatu, 
q,  V. 

Satuwan  :  in  one  place,  together,  union  ;  Sh. 
Bid.,  102. 

Menyatukan :  to  make  one ;  to  unite,  especial- 
ly of  uniting  in  marriage ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ; 
Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  56. 

II.      [Skr.  satwa,]     An  animal;  v.  yi^  , 

ijX^    Satai.     [Jav.   sate.]     Pieces   of   flesh   or  fish  j 
cooked  on  a  skewer ;  kebabs. 


^ 


U 


Saja.     Only  ;  intentionally;  a  variant  of  sehaja 
and  sengaja,  q.  v. 


*w 


Saji.  Ready  prepared,  served  up ;  serving  up  ; 
a  dish  with  its  contents  still  undivided  among 
the  guests.  Tudong  s, :  a  dish  cover ;  a 
cylindrical  cover  placed  over  a  dish  to  keep 
the  food  warm;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  29;  Sh. 
K.  G.  T.,  23 ;  Sh.  Raj.  Haji,  186.  Tudongan 
s. :  id.,  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  5.  Sa-telah  sudah  masak 
di'Saji-nya-lah  nasi  dan  gulai  itu  lalu  di-angkat- 
nya  :  after  rice  was  cooked  she  dished  it  up 
and  carried  it  off  (to  her  guests) ;  Ht.  Mash., 
64, 

Sajiyan :  serving  up;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Bersaji :  to  put  food  on  a  dish ;  to  serve  up 
food;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  40;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat., 
162.  Menyaji:  id.,  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  4.  Nasi 
tersaji  di-lutut :  rice  served  up  ready  on  one's 
knees;  apples  falling  into  one's  lap;  Prov., 
Ht.  Abd.,  96. 


U«    sahir.     Arab.     A  wizard. 


J^ 


\SLm    sacUr.     [Pers.  nushddir.]     Sal-ammoniac ;  Pel. 
Abd.,  82. 


J 


^  V.***  sador.  Plating ;  a  layer  of  shining  metal  over 
a  dull  surface.  Sa-bagai  sador  minimbul 
sBnam :  like  plating  when  the  interior  begins 
to  show ;  suspicious-looking ;  Prov.  Laksana 
barang  yang  sador:  like  plated  ware  (which 
cannot  stand  rough  usage) ;  Prov. 


^^jP*Um    sajak.       [Arab.    ^  :      rhyme,      assonance.]    * 

Melodious  harmony,  cadence,  rhyme.  Sajak- 
nya  janggal  banyak  ta'-kena :  its  assonance  was 
inharmonious,  many  rhymes  were  faulty;  Sh. 
Sing.  Terb. 

By  extension,  sajak  is  used  of  harmonious 
action  and  of  beauty  generally.  Sajak  tart- 
nya  semuwa-nya  kena :  the  time  they  kept  in 
dancing  was  never  at  fault ;  Bint.  Tim.,  23 
January,  1895.  Terlalu  nianis  sikap  dan  sajak  : 
very  sweet  was  her  form  and  harmonious  her 
ways;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  33.  M endapat  isteri yang 
bersajak  :  to  find  a  wife  who  suited  him ;  Sh. 
Tab.  Mimp.,  5. 


Orang  Lingga  pergi  ka-DBli, 

Singgah  di4aman  mimetek  bunga ; 

Timbaga  di-sador  tahan  di-uji, 
Kena   bUerang  tampak   warena  : 

if  you  plate  brass  (with  gold)  it  will  stand 
some  testing,  but  apply  sulphur  and  it 
changes  colour  at  once. 

j^:>Vm    sadis.     Arab.     Sixth, 

P^u*»    sadang.     Pintu     sadang-sading :     a    sort    of 
^  screen    or    curtain    door   before    the    bridal 

couch  (pelamin), 

p^U*»    Sading.     See  sadang. 

^^U-    sadong.     To  get  one's  foot  caught  {e,  ^.,  by  a 
^  creeper)  when  one  is  walking ;    to  get  one's 

foot  hooked  or  caught  in  a  noose  or  string. 

Cf.  seradong, 

^^U«  sadap.  A  peculiar  knife  with  a  sharp  point 
turning  outwards ;  the  process  of  cutting 
with  a  knife  of  this  sort.  The  peculiar  shape 
of  this  knife  enables  it  to  be  used  as  a  sort  of 
cutting  hook  where  chopping  is  impossible. 
It  is  used  for  cutting  the  young  niayang  off 
palms,  (by  extension)  cutting  bunches  of 
grapes  off  vines,  etc. 

Di'kaluwarkan  sadap-nya  maka  di-sadap-nya 
anggor  itu  :  he  drew  out  his  pruning  knife  and 
cut  off  the  bunch  of  grapes  ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  81. 


jjU 


sadak.     Sloping,     of    masts ;     inclining    to- 
wards the  stern. 


^j^Um  sadin.  Hantu  penyadin :  a  water-demon 
with  a  dog's  head  and  a  crocodile's  mouth  ; 
J.  I.  A.,  L,  307. 

A^^Uw    sadau.     I.     Rowing  with  long  sweeps. 

II.     Menyadau  :   to  cut  down  a  bee's  nest, 

^y^    sadu.     I.     [Skr.  and  Jav.]     Excelling;  often 

pronounced    shahdu,       Sadu    perdana :    first, 
foremost. 

II.     (Kedah.)     A  tree  (unidentified), 

(^3Ui  sadai.  I.  Stretched  out  at  full-length; 
prone ;  extended.  Used  of  a  crocodile  lying 
on  a  mud  bank  or  of  a  canoe  drawn  up  on  the 
beach. 

II.  Bersadai :  (Kedah)  to  rub  oneself  with 
perfumes. 

jVm*    sara.     I.     Bersara  :  to  join  in  an  undertaking 
already  begun  ;  to  **chip  in." 

11.  Sara-bara:  in  confusion;  helter-skelter; 
topsy-turvy.  Birlari  sara-bara :  to  run 
helter-skelter ;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  2  ;  Sh.  Sing. 
Terb.,  g  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  64.  Kedai  pun  sara-bara  : 
the  shop  was  all  topsy-turvy;  Sh.  Sing. 
Terb.,  49. 


SARAT 


[    360    ] 


SARI 


^jUm  sarat.  Heavily  laden ;  of  full  burden.  Sa- 
huwah  pirahu  sarat  muwatan :  a  ship  heavily 
laden  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  273,  Bahtira  yang  amat 
sarat :  id. ;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  6.  Sa-ekor  onta 
sarat  dingan  mahanan :  a  camel  heavily  laden 
with  provisions;  Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  32.  Jong 
pSchah  yu  yang  sarat :  when  a  ship  is  wrecked, 
the  sharks  get  their  fill ;  it  is  an  ill  wind 
which  blows  nobody  any  good ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  98. 

Bunting  sarat :   the  last  stage  of  pregnancy  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  267. 

Kam  jong  sarat :    a   kind  of  cloth  heavily 
embroidered  with  gold. 


b 


X^  sarut.  Scraping  against  anything, — used  of  a 
carriage  when  its  wheels  scrape  against  a 
wall  or  against  another  carriage,  and  a  mark 
is  made. 

\^  sarang.  A  nest.  S.  l^bah  :  a  bees'  nest ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  25,  180.  S,  unam  :  a  periwinkle  shell ; 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  54.  S.  angkut-angktit : 
the  nest  of  the  mason-bee.  S.  chiyak  :  the 
nest  of  a  sparrow;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  S.  tebuwan: 
a  hornet's  nest.  Sarang  tebuwan  jangan  di- 
jolok :  don't  poke  up  a  hornet's  nest ;  let 
sleeping  dogs  lie  ;  Prov. 

Bersarang :  to  build  a  nest.  Ada  sa-ekor 
burong  dendang  bersarang  di-atas  pohtm  kayu : 
a  crow  made  its  nest  on  a  tree;  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  66. 

Birsarang'Sarang :  cob-webby  ;  covered  with 
the  nests  of  insects,  as  an  abandoned  house  ; 
Sh.  K.  G.  T.,  16. 

The  word  is  also  used  in  the  names  of 
several  plants. 

S.  tupai:  a  little  herb  with  pink  flowers, 
aneileina  nudiflonmt, 

Akars.punai:  a  climbing  shrub;  chailletia 
diflexifolia. 

Rumput  s.  btiwaya :  a  grass ;  panicum 
nodosum, 

Rumput  s.  pipit :  a  rough  grass  common  on 
roadsides ;  anthistiria  argueus, 

f\y^    saring.     I.     Jav.     Filtration. 

II.     Tight;  stiff;  better  s^rm^,  q.  v. 

f'J^^    sarong.     A   sheath,   a  covering.      Birsenjata 
^  terchabut  daripada  sarong-nya:   with  weapons 

drawn  from  their  sheaths ;  with  naked 
blades;  Ht.  Abd.,  193.  Tiyada  dapat  duwa 
keris  di'dalam  suwatu  sarong:  two  daggers 
will  not  go  in  one  sheath;  Prov.,  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  65, 

S.  jari  :  a  thimble. 

S.  kaki :  socks,  stockings;  Ht.  Abd.,  298. 

S.  tang  an  :  gloves. 

Bersarong:  with  a  sheath  of.  B.  zamrM : 
with  a  sheath  of  emerald ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 


Menyarong :  to  sheathe,  to  enfold.  M.  sin- 
jata :  to  sheathe  weapons ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 
Menyarongkan  sBnjata  :   id.,  Ht.  Mar.  Mahaw. 

Tersarong:  sheathed,  in  its  sheath;  Sej. 
Mai.,  141. 

ivw  sarap.  I.  Dust,  dry  fine  dirt.  Sarap  sam- 
pah:  sweepings  generally,  refuse.  P^nyapu 
sarap:  a  sweeper;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

n.     (  Kedah. )     A  shroff ;  a  money-changer. 

ni.     A  rash  afflicting  very  young  children. 


3jU»   sarip. 


OJ 


[  Arab.  vJb^  ]     Noble ; — a  colloquial 

corruption   of   an    Arabic    title    occasionally 
given  to  descendants  of  the  Prophet. 

U*    sarak.     I.    A  Malay  dish  of  which  the  pump- 
kin (piriya)  is  the  chief  ingredient. 

n.     Parting,  severance,    separation. 

Bersarak  sa-rasa  liilang,  bhxherai  sa-rasa 
matt :  parting  feels  like  living  loss,  severance 
like  death ;   J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI.,  24. 


A  \Wi   saniK. 


Arab.     A  thief. 


OJ 


U 


OJ 


L 


JD 


L 


sarok.     Putting    one's    foot    into    anything; 

getting  into  a  sarong  feet  foremost ;  step- 
ping into  a  noose  or  trap  of  any  sort.  Gajah 
empat  kaki  lagi  tersarok  inikan  pula  manusiya 
duwa  kaki:  a  four-footed  elephant  occasion- 
ally gets  his  feet  caught,  and  this  is  only  a 
two-footed  man ;  if  the  great  sometimes 
suffer,  how  much  more  likely  are  the  poor  to 
do  so;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  55.  Cf. 
sadong, 

saron.  Jav.  A  musical  instrument.  Memalu 
saron:  to  play  on  this  instrument;  Ht.  Mas 
Ed. 

saru.  A  silver  chain  sometimes  attached  to 
the  foot  of  a  tiyong  or  other  pet  bird. 


>J 


,U 


A  coarse  basket  or  creel  used  by 
of    seaweed    (agar-agar)  ;     Kl.,  v. 


^j 


,u 


sarau.    L 

collectors 
d.  W. 

H.  (  Kedah.)  The  outer  groove  of  a  bone  ; 
an  apparent  groove  between  two  parallel 
bones,  e,  g,^  along  the  tibia. 

sari.  I.  Jav,  A  flower;  the  delicate  portion 
of  anything ;  the  stamen  in  a  flower ;  a  word 
conveying  generally  a  sense  of  delicacy  or 
beauty  to  the  expression  in  which  it  occurs  ; 
a  common  termination  to  the  names  of 
beautiful  ladies,  e.  g.,  Tunjong-sari,  Bida-sari, 
Paspa-sarif  Chindai-sari :  a  delicate  chindai, 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  SutBra  sari :  fine  silk ;  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub.  Put^ri  tela  sari  :  a  fair  and  beautiful 
princess  ;  Sh.  Bid.,  23. 


SASA 


[    361    ] 


SAPAK 


Banjaran  sari  :  the  Garden  of  the  Nymphs  ; 
the  Malayo-Javanese  Eden  or  Garden  of  the 
Hesperides ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  14. 

Sanglir  sari  :   v.   sanglir, 

11.  An  abbreviation  of  sa-hari  in  the  ex- 
pression raja  sari :  the  king  of  a  day,  the 
bridegroom. 


sasa. 

body. 


[Skr.  sahasa,]     Strong,  sturdy,  of  the 


sasar.  I.  Confusion  of  mind ;  dazed. 
Jangan-lah  saperti  orang  yang  sasar :  do  not  be 
like  a  dazed  idiot ;  Sh.  Nas.,  4.  Pergi  datang 
bersasar-sasar :  going  confusedly  backwards 
and  forwards;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  29.  £ngkaii 
ini  anak  kesasar :  you  are  a  muddle-headed 
fool;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

II.     S asar an  :  3,  tsirget, 

A  kar  sasaran  :  a  small  herb  with  violet  balls 
of  flowers,  conocephalus  siibtrinervus. 

sasap.  Stisup-sasap  :  up  and  down,  over  and 
under, — used  to  describe  a  man  or  animal 
escaping  from  a  burning  house  and  seizing 
any  means  of  getting  out.  Berlari  stmip- 
sasap:  to  bolt  wildly  away;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb., 
61.  Maka  tikus  itti-pun  lart-lah  stisuP'Sasap 
tiyada  berketahuwan  ph'gi-nya :  the  mouse  fled 
helter-skelter,  not  looking  where  he  went; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  22. 


cT- 


u-    sasak.    L 


Wattles ;  wattled.     Pagar  sasak  . 


a  wattled  fence. 

II.  Orang  sasak  :  the  ''  Sassak  "  or  Muham- 
madan  inhabitants  of  the  island  of  Lombok. 
Pidau  s. :  Lombok. 


j^\^    sasau.       (Kedah.)       Confused     in     intellect ; 
muddle-headed.     Cf.  sasar. 

4pU»  sSi'at.  Arab.  Time,  moment.  Pukul  sa-ptdoh 
sd^atyang  tentu :  at  ten  o'clock  exactly;  Bint. 
Tim.,  23  January,  1895.  Dingan  sa-sd'at  ini 
jiiga :  at  this  very  moment ;  immediately. 
Sd'at  ini  baik  ;  this  hour  is  a  lucky  one  ;  Sh. 
Rej.,  10. 

pu*»    sanga.     The  scum  or  dross  in  smelting. 

U*iPw  sangat.  Very,  extremely;  excess.  Amat  s. : 
id.,  intensified.  Kesangatan :  excess;  Sej. 
M  al . ,  15.  Sa-sangat'Sangat  membaiki  tari-nya : 
the  more  she  improved  in  her  dancing. 

Tersangat :  excessively.  Th'sangat  besar : 
excessively  large.  Tersangat  lama :  excessively 
long  (of  time). 

Musim  ini  musim   kimarau; 

Banyak  orang  tangkap  ikan; 
Jangan  tnwan  sangat  tMampau, 

Mendapat  seksa  minyBsal   badan : 

do  not  go  too  far  in  what  you  are  doing,  you 
will  come  to  sorrow  and  bring  pain  upon 
yourself. 


zJX^ 


pVw 


^ 


l-Lu 


sangit.  I.  (Kedah.)  Secret  spite;  a  sup- 
pressed feeling  of  jealousy  or  hostility. 

II.  Foul  smell.  Walang  s, :  a  foul  smell- 
ing insect  which  destroys  padi-crops. 

sangu.  I.  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  superior  kind 
of  agar-agar  (seaweed  for  jelly) ;  =  (Kedah) 
sanggu. 

II.  Jav.  Provisions,  stores.  Laksana 
belay ar  kehabisan  sangii :  like  travelling  when 
the  provisions  give  out ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

sangai.    A  rough  dish  cover  of  nipah  or  meng- 
^  kliwang  leaves;    cf.   iudong  saji,   which   is   a 

similar  cover  made  of  or  covered  with  cloth. 

j\^    safir.     Arab.     A  traveller;  Muj.,  8. 

\iUu    safil.     Arab.      Low,    mean,    vile.      Asfdlu's- 
**^  sdfilin  :  the  vilest  of  the  vile ;  the  dwellers  in 

the  lowest  hell;  Ht.  Raj.  SuL,  2. 

v-3ua  sapa.  Who  (as  an  interrogative) ; — a  con- 
traction of  si-apa.  T^gor  s. :  polite  address, 
politeness,  courtesy;  Ht.  Bakht.,  14;  Ht. 
Abd.,  137,  294,  458  ;    Ht,  Mar.  Mah. 

Menyapa :  to  accost  politely,  to  address ;  Sh. 
Sri  Ben.,  57;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb,,  17, 
Menyapakan  :  id.  Lake  berjalan  masok  ka-pintu 
gSrebang,  sa-orang  pun  tiyada  menyapakan  diya  : 
then  he  went  on  and  entered  the  gate,  no 
man  accosting  him ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

w2.-3u#  saput.  Covered,  bedecked ;  a  covering.  Sa- 
buwah  pulau  terlalu  tinggi  senetiyasa  b^rasap 
saperti  di-saput  cmbiin  rupa-nya :  an  extremely 
lofty  island  eternally  giving  out  vapour  as 
though  it  was  covered  with  dewy  mist;  Sej. 
Mai.,  25. 

Saput  is  also  used  of  the  clouding  over  of 
the  eye  in  cataract,  and  of  the  velvety  cover- 
ing on  horns. 

Mata   bersaput   korang  melihat, 
Di'pukul  panas  kelip-kUaii: 

eyes  clouded  over  see  very  little ;  when  the 
glare  strikes  them  they  see  vaguely  dazzling 
radiance. 

Cf.  selaput. 

jiV*-    sapar.      [Arab.  Jui>  .]       Bulan     sapar :     a 

colloquial  corruption  of  the  name  of  the 
Muhammadan  month  Safar, 


J\^ 


sapir.  I.  Eur.  A  sapper,  an  engineer.  In 
the  Hikayat  Abdullah  the  term  is  applied  to 
the  keeper  of  the  gaol  at  Malacca;  Ht. 
Abd.,  116. 

II.     [Arab.  J^\^  .]      A   traveller;    v.  sdfir. 
Birsapir :  to  encamp,  of  travellers ;  Ht.  Koris. 

i^Um    sapak.     (Kedah.)     Flee.cy  clouds;   indistinct 
masses  of  vapour  in  the  sky. 


SAPAU 


[    362    ] 


SAKAR 


d^ 


^.iJi  W 


Sapau.  A  small  hut  or  temporary  dwelling 
of  a  more  permanent  character  thd.n  pondok^ 
which  is  merely  a  shelter  for  the  night. 

sapu.  I.  Wiping  off,  sweeping  off;  (in  some 
expressions)  to  smear  on.  Orang  sapu  arang 
niuka-nya ;  men  whose  faces  were  blackened 
with  soot;  Ht.  Abd.,  318.  Kapal  di-sapu 
hiiam :  a  ship  painted  black;  Ht.  Abd.,  112. 
Saperti  bulan  disapu  awan :  like  the  moon 
swept  by  clouds, — a  simile  for  a  sweet  face ; 
Cr.  Gn,  32 ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  123.  Rumah 
burok  di'Sapti  chat :  a  rotten  house  painted  up; 
an  old  dandy.  Sapu  chat:  painting.  Sapii 
barnis  :  varnishing.  Sapu  minyak  :  id.  Sapu 
kapor :  whitewashing. 

S.  tangan:  a  handkerchief;  Ht.  Abd.,  ^^, 
231,  282,  308,  etc. 

Sapukan :  to  sweep  off,  to  wipe  off,  to  pass 
over.  Bunga  itu  di-sapukan-nya  kapada  maia 
baginda :  he  drew  the  flower  over  the  king's 
eyes.  Menyapu :  to  sweep.  Menyapukan :  to 
sweep  away,  to  remove  by  wiping  or  sweeping. 
M.  arang  di-muka :  to  wipe  away  a  disgrace ; 
v.  arang.  The  form  mesapukan  also  occurs: 
Muj.,  9. 

Pinyapu  :  a  sweeper,  a  broom.  Riyoh  rendah 
bunyi  penyapu :  uproarious  was  the  sound  of 
sweeping;  Ht.  Abd.,  210.  Penyapu  di-ikat 
sutera  :  a  broom  tied  up  in  silk  ;  a  beggar  in 
finery;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  O.,  142.  Penyapu 
perut :  a  somewhat  vulgar  expression  or  nick- 
name for  the  youngest  of  a  family.  Penyapu 
sarap  laman  istana  :  a  sweeper  of  the  court  in 
front  of  the  palace;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

IL     Sapu  ringin :  a  game  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  144. 
43  w    sapih.     J  a  v.     To  wean. 

iu**  Sapi.  A  cow  or  ox.  Kerbau  puny  a  susu,  sapi 
punya  nama:  buffalo  milk  ascribed  to  the  cow; 
a  sham  labelled  as  genuine ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd., 
420.  Minyak  sapi:  ghee,  suet;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
IL,  146;  Ht.'  Gul.  Bak.,  32;  Ht.  Abd.,  40. 

Sapi  hutan  or  (simply)  sapi:  a  name  given 
to  a  small  wild  ox  found  in  the  Peninsula 
and  said  to  differ  from  the  seladang ;  possibly 
bos  sondaicus,  Rusa  kijang  dan  sapi  dan 
pelandok :  deer,  dwarf  deer,  wild  oxen,  and 
mouse-deer;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 


saka.  I.  Inheritance,  ancestral  property; 
an  abbreviation  of  pusaka,  q.  v.  Saka-baka  : 
all  that  has  come  to  one ;  all  that  one  owes 
to  one's  ancestors. 

II.  Jav.  The  pillars  on  which  a  house 
rests.  Di-tampar-nya  saka  pasiban  bHara  :  he 
struck  the  pillars  of  the  King's  assembly 
galleries;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Sakat.  I.  Vexation,  trouble,  worry.  Minam- 
bah  sakat:  to  increase  the  worry;  Sh. 
Peng.,  II. 


IL    A  name  applied    to 
especially  aroids  and  ferns. 


many    epiphytes 


\,2>^  w' 


>U 


S.  bawang :  a  small  epiphytic  orchid  with 
pink  flowers,  acriopsis  javanica, 

S.  bilimbing:  a  little  orchid,  thecostele 
maculosa, 

S,  gajah:  a  climbing  epiphytic  aroid, 
anadendrum  medium* 

S.  kelembai:  a  small  orchid,  dendrobium 
pumilum. 

S.  lidah  buwaya  :  (Malacca)  a  small  epiphytic 
orchid,  oberonia  anceps, 

S.  ribu-ribu :  a  common  fern  creeping  on 
trees,  drymoglossum  piloselloides, 

S.  tolong  ular :  an  epiphytic  orchid  with 
long  hanging  racemes  of  flowers,  coelogyne 
rochussenii, 

S.  ubat  kepiyalu ;  =  5.  bawang, 

S.  ular :  an  orchid,  sarcanthus  secundus. 

Bunga  s.  :  an  epiphytic  orchid  with  small 
white  flowers  in  heads;  agrostophyllum 
glumaceum, 

III,  Suku  sakat:  a  family  in  all  its 
branches,  a  genealogical  table  showing  all  the 
ramifications  of  a  family. 


sakit.      Disease,    sickness;     diseased.      Men- 
dapat  s.  :  to  fall  ill. 

S.  batok  kering :  consumption. 

S.  hati :  evil  feelings,  anger,  hostility,  wrath, 
envy. 

S.  hidop  :  disease  without  visible  cause, 
ascribed  by  Malays  to  the  work  of  a  pelesit 
or  other  evil  spirit.     Also  penyakit  hidop. 

S,  payah :  grievous  sickness ;  serious  illness. 

Bersakit :  to  take  trouble ;  to  take  pains  over 
anything,  Sentosa  kehidopan  marika4tu  tiyada 
dengan  bersakit-sakit :  a  livelihood  came  easily 
to  them,  they  had  no  pains  to  take  (in 
winning  it);  Ht.  Abd.,  367. 

Kesakitan :  disease ;  a  state  of  pain,  trouble 
or  illness.  Menjerit4ah  iya  sebab  kesakitan : 
he  screamed  out  in  pain ;  Ht.  Abd.,  316. 

Sakiti :  to  put  to  pain,  to  afflict,  to  punish ; 
Ht.  Mash.,  15.  Menyakiti :  id. ;  to  bring  sick- 
ness on  a  person ;  Ht.  Abd.,  83,  167. 

Menyakitkan :  id. :  to  cause  to  be  sick  or 
sorrowful.  M.  diri:  to  afflict  oneself,  to 
torture  oneself;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  53.  M.hati: 
to  create  or  rouse  anger  in  others ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  94. 

Penyakit :  disease,  illness ;  any  specific 
disease.  P.  ketumbohan  :  small-pox;  Ht.  Abd., 
358.  P.  buwang'buwang  ayer  darah :  dysen- 
tery; Ht.  Abd.,  20. 

Persakit:  the  cause  of  sickness,  pain,  or 
sorrow.  MBngapa  engkau  pirsakit  akan  hamba- 
mu  dingan  bald  ini :  why  are  you  bringing 
aflliction  on  your  servant  with  this  curse  ? 
Ht.  Abus.,  28. 


sakar.     [Pers.  J^ .]     Sugar. 
shakar. 


Also  sagar  and 


SAKAL 


[    363    ] 


SALUT 


yu 


^ 


Sakal.  Striking,  knocking  against, — used 
especially  of  a  contrary  wind.  Turun-lah 
utara  angin  sakal :  an  unfavourable  wind  blew 
down  on  us  from  the  North;  PeL  Abd.,  11. 
Angin  pun  terlalu  sakal,  hampir-lah  iya  minyusor 
pantai  laut :  the  wind  was  very  unfavourable, 
it  seemed  almost  to  follow  the  very  coast-line 
(which  we  were  travelling  up);  Ht.  Best. 
HaruS'lah  di-sakal  ^akaUmu  dingan  sendok : 
your  mind  wants  beating  up  with  a  spoon  ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  28.  Kena  sakal :  to  get  a 
beating, — of  a  naughty  boy. 

Sakan.  (Kedah.)  Big  and  strong,  of  houses, 
etc. ;  big  and  sturdy,  of  men. 

saku.  Eur.  A  small  canvas  bag,  a  small 
sack  or  satchel,  a  pocket.  Iya  pun  menge- 
luwarkan  satu  rupiyah  emas  dari-dalam  saku- 
nya :  he  took  out  a  gold  coin  from  his  pocket ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  266. 


sakai.  Followers,  retainers,  dependents;  a 
name  also  given  to  aboriginal  tribes  as  being 
theoretically  races  subject  to  the  Malays. 
Kaum  keluwarga-nya  dan  vaHyyat  sakai-nya : 
his  family  and  dependents;  Pel.  Abd.,  21, 
Penghulu  5. ;  a  chief  of  an  aboriginal  tribe ; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Adapun  Sakai  itu  ya-itu 
keadaan-nya  saperti  kami  ini  juga  akan4etapi 
marika-itu  biyasa  tinggal  di-atas  pohun  kayu : 
the  Sakai  aborigines  are  like  us  in  race  but 
they  are  in  the  habit  of  living  on  trees ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  388. 

The  word  also  occurs,  in  the  form  sagai  and 
with  the  meaning  ''dependents":  Ht.  Isk. 
Dz. ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  67. 


saga.  Biiwah  saga:  the  Indian  pea;  the 
seeds  of  adenanthera  pavonina,  Biji  saga  :  id. ; 
(by  metaphor)  bloodshot,  fiery  of  the  eyes. 
Mata-nya  saperti  buwah  saga  yang  rnasak  lakti- 
nya:  his  eyes  were  red  as  the  ripe  Indian  pea; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Bagai  saga  di-atas  ialam :  like 
a  pea  on  a  platter ;  rushing  from  side  to  side 
at  the  least  movement ;  uncertain  and  vacil- 
lating behaviour;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV., 
108. 

This  pea  was  also  used  as  a  measure  of 
weight  for  gold,  and  so,  indirectly,  for  a  coin 
or  measure  of  exchange,  the  equivalent  of  that 
weight.  Suga  Kenderi ;  id.  Suwatu  saga  mas 
pun  tiyada  ku  lihat :  I  have  not  seen  the  least 
fraction  of  a  coin  ;  Ht.  Hamz.,   11. 

Sayang  perigi   bernama   telaga^ 
Pagar   di-ikat  rotan   sega ; 

Mas   tinggi   naik   herga^ 

Di'UJi   timbang   lebeh   sa-saga : 

high  indeed  is  the  rise  in  the  value  of  this 
gold  for,  when  tested  and  weighed,  it  is  found 
to  be  a  saga  fa  very  small  fraction  indeed) 
more; — a  proverbial  pantun  ridiculing  fuss 
over  trifling  differences. 


pi. 


ju 


O-J  v%** 


Other  plants  to  which  the  name  saga  is 
given  are  : 

S.  betina  :  a  small  climbing  herb  with  round 
scarlet  and  black  seeds,  abrns  precatoi'itis  ; 

5.  gajah :  a  large  tree  with  twisted  red  pods 
and  black  seeds,  pithecolobium  fasciculatum  ; 

S.  kayii :  micromelum  pubescens ; 

S.  paya :  a  climber  with  greenish  white 
flowers,  dalbergia  junghuhnii :  akar  s,  molek  : 
lettsomia  rubicunda. 

Sagat.     To  rasp  a  coco-nut, 

sagar.     [Pers.  ^^  .]      Sugar.     Saperti  sagar 

dengan-nya  susu  :  like  sugar  and  milk  ;  exactly 
suited  to  each  other ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 
Laksana  susu  terchampor  sagar  :  id. ;  Sh.  Kamp. 
Boy.,  12.  Saplrti  lautan  madu  berpantaikan 
sagar:  like  a  sea  of  honey  with  a  shore  of 
sugar;  a  symbol  of  extreme  sweetness;  Ht. 
Koris. 

Also  sakar  and  shakar. 
Sagor.     A  dug-out.     Perahu  sagor  :  id. 

sagang.  Propping  up  or  buttressing,  used 
when  the  prop  rises  at  an  angle  from  the 
ground  and  does  not  come  up  vertically 
(tongkat). 

S.  kota  mara  :  the  peculiar  props  keeping  the 
gun-shield  in  position. 

Sagun.  [Jav.  sagon  from  sagu.\  A  Malay 
delicacy  made  of  rice-flour,  rasped  coco-nut, 
and  salt.     Also  sagim-sagun. 

sagU.  I.  Sago.  S.  belanda :  arrowroot. 
S.  rendang :  pearl  sago;  Ht.  Abd.,  201; 
Sej.  MaL,  151.  S.  tampin :  sago  in  wrappers; 
Pel.  Abd.,  78.  S.  tepong :  sago  flour,  sago 
dust. 

II.  Sagu-sagu :  a  sort  of  javehn  used  by 
the  pirates  in  olden  days. 

sagai.  I.  Followers,  dependents,  retainers; 
Sh.  Bid.,  54,  133;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. ;  Ht.  Hamz., 
67 ; — a  variant  of  sakai,  q.  v. 

II.  (Kedah.)  A  cake  made  of  potato-flour, 
coco-nut  and  rice-flour. 

sagi.     See  sigi. 

sal.     I.     Pers.     Year. 

II.  [Hind.  shdL]  A  shawl.  Sal  tersangkut 
kapada  bahu :  a  shawl  slung  over  the  shoulder ; 
Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  43.  Sal  kashmtri :  a  Cashmere 
shawl ;  Sh.  Ul.,  28. 

salut.  Wrapping,  enwrapping,  enfolding  in 
any  material.  Di-salut-nya  dengan  kain 
kuning :  wrapped  in  yellow  cloth;  Ht.  Abd., 
422.  Ekor-nya  bersalutkan  emas  sa-puloh  mutu: 
its  tail  was  encased  in  pure  gold ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub. 


SALOB 


[    364    ] 


SALAH 


salor. 

alor. 


Saloran:  a  channel,   a  gutter.      Cf. 


jJV- 


salang.  I.  Execution  by  the  keris.  A  long 
keris  was  pressed  down  through  the  hollow 
by  the  collar  bone  to  the  heart.  Mati 
di'Salang :  a  man  destined  to  die  at  the 
executioner's  hands,  a  gallow*s-bird ;  a  term  of 
abuse;  Sh.  Peng,,  g;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  17. 

IL     A  rattan  sling  for  carrying  a  load. 
III.     To  labour  heavily,  of  a  ship ;  v.  d.  W. 

salak.  L  A  stemless  thorny  palm  the 
brown  scaly  fruits  of  which  are  eaten  by 
natives  ;  zalacca  edtdis.  Tinggal  kilopak  salak  : 
the  wrapper  of  the  salak  only  remains; — a 
proverbial  expression  to  describe  poverty 
which  reduces  a  man  to  the  possession  of 
nothing  but  the  clothes  in  which  he  stands. 
Btmah  s, :  the  fruit  of  the  salak  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Other  trees  known  by  this  name  are  : 

S.  hetid  (zalacca  affinis  ?)  and  s.  rungum 
(zalacca  macrostachya  ?) 

II.  The  barking  of  a  dog.  Anjing  salak 
ka-bukit,  bukit  mahu-kah  nmtoti :  if  a  dog  barks 
at  a  hill,  will  the  hill  fall  down  ?   Prov. 

Menyalak:  to  bark;  Ht.  Abd.,  175;  Sej. 
MaL,  65.  Bagai  anjing  menyalak  di-pantat 
gajah :  like  a  dog  barking  behind  an  elephant ; 
impotent  threats;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV., 
92. 

Salam.     A  plant ;  engenia  cymosa  ? 

salin.  Change  from  one  suit  of  clothes  into 
another,  or  from  one  language  into  another ; 
change  of  dress;  change  of  food  from  one 
dish  to  another;  change  of  the  language  in 
which  a  story  is  written  (by  interpretation) 
or  of  the  book  in  which  it  is  written  (by 
copying) ;  metamorphosis ;  change  of  medium. 
Lain  pnla  yang  di-pinjam-nya  di-stiroh-nya 
salin :  others  which  he  borrowed  he  ordered 
to  be  copied;  Ht.  Abd.,  89.  Di-salin  dart- 
pada  bihasa  Inggeris  kapada  behasa  Melayu  : 
translated  from  English  into  Malay;  Ht. 
Abd.,  443.  ^ 

Salinan :  translation ;  Ht.  Abd.,  183,  289. 

Salini :  to  bestow  garments  upon  any  one, 
whether  as  an  act  of  charity  or  as  a  robe  of 
honour;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  57.  Pirsalini :  id.; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  Sej.  MaL,  6,  37,  93. 

Bersalin:  (i)  to  be  confined  (of  a  woman); 
Ht.  Abd.,  17,  447;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  58,  89,  153; 
Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  10;  (2)  to  change  garments, 
to  put  on  other  garments;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya; 
(3)  to  change  form  by  metamorphosis;  Ht. 
Ind.  Jaya. 

Menyalin:  to  translate;  Ht.  Abd.,  162,  164; 
to  copy;  Ht.  Abd.,  12,  85,  89.  Menyalinkan  : 
to  get  a  thing  translated ;  Ht.  Abd,,  168, 

PHsalin :  a  change  of  clothing;  Sej.  Mai.,  9  ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  20.  Pirsalinan :  id. ;  Cr.  Gr., 
41 ;  Ht.  Abd.,  33. 


4U 


salah.  Fault,  error,  falling  short,  flaw,  or 
discrepancy; — used  for  instance,  (i)  of  a 
mistake  such  as  a  mistake  in  a  boy's  lesson, 
(Ht.  Abd.,  22,  32,  35,  37)  or  an  error  of 
judgment  (Ht.  Abd.,  96) ;  (2)  of  a  thing 
going  wrong,  as  when  of  two  surgical  opera- 
tions one  turns  out  a  failure;  Ht.  Abd.,  299; 
(3)  of  a  dictionary  being  inaccurate  on  a 
point ;  Ht.  Abd.,  150,  182 ;  (4)  of  a  fault  in  an 
anchorage  leading  to  its  being  pronounced 
unsuitable  for  a  harbour ;  Ht.  Abd,,  190  ;  (5) 
of  a  slight  defect  impairing  complete  success ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  163;  (6)  of  a  thing  being  morally 
wrong;  Ht.  Abd.,  418,  434;  (7)  of  a  thing 
being  out  of  place  or  out  of  joint,  as  a 
strained  ankle ;  Pel.  Abd.,  92  ;  (8)  of  a  wind 
being  unfavourable ;  Pel.  Abd.,  9 ;  (9)  of  a 
false  step  being  taken  causing  a  fencer  to 
slip ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Bagai  pinggan  dengan   mangkoky 
Salah  sadikit  hendak   berantok : 

like  a  cup  and  plate  which,  on  the  slightest 
provocation,  knock  against  each  other ;  near 
relatives  who  are  always  falling  out;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  64. 

S.  himmat :  the  horns  of  a  dilemma. 

5.  kena :  tactless  words,  inopportune  and 
reckless  remarks  which  hurt  the  feelings  of 
others  though  not  uttered  in  malice. 

S.  sa-orang:  one  or  the  other  (person). 

S.  suwatu:  one  or  the  other  (thing). 

S.  urat :  a  strain  of  a  tendon  or  sinew. 

Orang  s. :  the  prisoner,  the  defendant. 

Serba  s. ;  puzzled ;  on  the  horns  of  a 
dilemma ;  Ht.  Abd.,  198,  403,  405. 

Ta' -salah:  not  differing  from,  not  falling 
short  of,  identical  with. 

Dingan   baginda   ta' -salah , 
Saperti  pinang   nmda   di-belah : 

in  no  way  differing  from  the  prince,  as  like 
him  as  one  half  of  the  pinang  to  the  other ; 
Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  28. 

Salahi :  to  render  ineffectual ;  to  vitiate ;  to 
disobey  or  render  useless ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ; 
Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  51,  94.  Menyalahi :  id.;  Sej. 
MaL,  133;  Ht.  Mash.,  68;  Ht.  Raj.  SuL,  14. 

Salahkan :  to  make  out  (something)  to  be  a 
mistake;  to  count  as  an  error;  Ht.  Abd.,  39. 

Bersalah :  (i)  to  contain  mistakes,  to  be  full 
of  errors ;  Ht.  Abd.,  ^7,  185 ;  (2)  to  be  a 
criminal.  Orang  yang  bersalah  :  a  criminal ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  116,  251,  369. 

Bersalahan :  ( i )  to  contain  mistakes ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  37 ;  (2)  to  be  different  to,  to  fall  short 
of;  Ht.  Abd,,  125;  Sej.  MaL,  71;  Ht.  Mash., 
63 ;  (3)  to  be  false  to  (a  promise);  Ht,  Md. 
Hanaf.,  8. 

Kesalahan:  (i)  an  error,  a  mistake  (in  a  book 
or  lesson);  Ht.  Abd.,  6;  (2)  an  offence  against 
the  moral  code ;  a  fault,  crime,  or  sin ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  28,  78,  183,  419, 


SALEH 


[    365    ] 


SAMAK 


Minyalahkan :  to  cause  a  thing  to  go  wrong 
or  fail, — used  especially  of  parrying  a  blow 
from  an  adversary's  weapon ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  94. 

Tirsalah :  at  fault,  in  error ;  Ht.  Abd.,  339, 
472. 

4jU*»    saleh,     I.     Motion,     approach,     movement. 
S.  kamari  :  to  come.     S.  kombali :  to  return. 

Dang  Lela   m^nyimptd   tali, 
Anak    kera   terbang   ka-awan; 

Silakan   itiwanku  saleh  kombali, 
Paduka   adinda  chintakan   ttiwan  : 

would  that  Your  Highness  would  return  (to 
your  country);  the  princess,  your  wife,  is 
pining  for  you  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

II.     [Arab,    ii^ .  ]     A   well-known   proper 


ju 


M. 


name. 


sail.  Strength,  power.  Santa  s. :  well- 
matched,  of  equal  strength.  Rawdn  s.,  or 
raivana  s. ;  a  magic  flying  throne  or  chariot ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

salai.  Heating  over  the  fire,  smoking,  ex- 
posure to  heat  but  not  to  actual  fire.  The 
word  is  especially  used  of  the  heating  of 
women  after  confinement  by  kindling  a  slow 
fire  under  the  bed,  a  treatment  that  is 
supposed  to  accelerate  convalescence.  Salai- 
yan :  the  fire  so  kindled ;  the  process  of 
heating  or  smoking  in  this  way. 

Pinang  muda  jangan   di-salai, 
Jika   di'Salai  isi-nya   binasa ; 
Orang   muda  jangan   di4alai, 
Jika  di'lalai   badan   binasa: 
do   not  smoke  the  young  areca-nut ;  if  you 
smoke   it   its    contents  will    be   spoilt ;    Ht. 

p.  J.  p. 

Menyalai  :  to  smoke ;  to  cure  by  smoking. 

Tersalai :  smoked  or  roasted.  Di-dalam 
nuraka  higkau  (or  badan)  tersalai :  you  will  be 
smoked  in  Hell  (for  this);  Sh.  May.,  10;  Sh. 
Ung.  Bers.,  2. 

aU-    Sama.      [Skr.    sama.]       Identity,    sameness, 
'  similarity,  parity;  companionship.     In  ** Ba- 

zaar Malay"  the  word  is  often  used  as  a 
preposition  meaning  "to"  or  "with";  Ht. 
Abd.,  346.  Kata  pipit  lang  buleh-kah  sama: 
the  sparrow  said :  **  Can  the  hawk  be  my 
peer  ? "  a  proverb  describing  narrow  conceit. 
Pisang  raya  masak  seraya, 

Pisang  raja  masak  di-hujong; 
Ovang  kaya  sama  kaya, 

Orang  misktn  membawa  untong: 
let  the  rich  go  with  wealth  and  let  the  poor  put 
up  with  misfortune ;  let  each  man  bear  with 
what  comes  to  him ;  Prov.  Tiyada  yang  da- 
hulu  kemudiyan  melainkan  sama  kaki  kuda-nya  : 
none  was  before  or  after  the  rest,  the  feet  of 
the  horses  all  kept  the  same  time ;  Ht.  Abd., 
102. 


S.  sendiri-nya :  one  another.  S.  sa-orang: 
man  to  man.     S.  tengah :  in  the  very  centre. 

Samakan :  to  rank  as  equal ;  to  allow  parity 
of  value  to ;  to  make  oneself  or  another  the 
equal  of;  Ht.  Ind  Jaya;  Sej.  Mai.,  159. 

Bersamaan :  exactly  similar.  Rupa-nya 
hampir  bersamaan :  their  appearance  was 
almost  identical ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

BBrsama-sama :  along  with,  in  the  same  place 
with,  together  with ;  Ht.  Abd.,  70. 

Menyamat :  to  come  up  to ;  to  equal.  Di- 
dunya  tidak  menyamai  tuwan  :  there  is  no  one 
in  the  world  to  equal  you ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  50. 
The  Javanese  form  nyama  also  occurs  in  this 
sense.  Sa-putar  ^alam  tidak  yang  nyama :  all 
round  the  world  there  is  none  to  equal  him  ; 
Sh,  Panj.  Sg. 

jj*U«  samar.  Concealment,  incognito,  giving  one- 
self out  to  be  or  pretending  to  be  what  one  is 
not ;  hiding  one's  identity ;  pretence  or 
feigning.  Samar  mtika :  change  of  aspect ; 
Ht.  Abd,,  245.  Bulan  pun  sudah  rendah, 
samar-samar  di-merchu  gtmong :  the  moon  had 
sunk  low  and  was  disappearing  behind  the 
mountain  peaks;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

Samarkan:  to  pretend,  to  affect.  Maka 
tuwan  putiri  pun  t^rsennyum  di-samarkan-nya 
dengan  makan  sireh :  the  Princess  smiled  and 
pretended  to  be  chewing  sireh;  Ht.  Jay. 
Lengg. 

Menyamar :  to  conceal  one's  identity ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb,,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.,  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 
Menyamarkan  diri :  id.,  Sh.  Bid.,  105 ;  Sh. 
Abd.  Mk.,  95. 

i^w  samir.  The  natural  (undried)  leaves  of  the 
nipah,  used  for  partitions  or  for  protection 
against  rain;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  8;  Sh.  Panj,  Sg. 
Samir  ta'-habis,  kajang  pula :  you  have  not 
yet  done  with  the  fresh-leaf  protection  and 
here  you  come  again  for  matting ! — a  variant 
of  the  expression,  bayar  ta'-habis  hutang pula: 
you  have  not  paid  your  debts  and  here  you 
come  borrowing  again.  S,  ayer,  and  s, 
muwat :  fresh  nipah  leaves  on  which  cargo  is 
laid  to  save  it  from  getting  wet. 

(3*^    samak.     The  process  of  tanning;    a  name 

given  to  a  number  of  trees  the  bark  of  which 
is  used  for  tanning.  Pakaiyan-nya  saperti  di- 
samak  rupa-nya  uleh  darah  tuboh-nya:  his 
clothes  looked  as  if  they  had  been  tanned 
owing  to  the  blood  from  his  body ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  30. 

Kulit  lembu  chelup  samak, 
Mart   bum  at  tapak   kasut; 

Harta  dunya  jangan   tama\ 
Kalau  mati  tidak  di-ikut: 

dip  the  leather  in  tanning ;  come  and  make 
it  into  boot-soles. 


46 


SAMAN 


[    366    ] 


SAWANG 


O* 


iVMI 


«Um 


fw 


IW 


The  following  trees  are  known  by  this  name : 

S.  biikit :  eiigenia  papulosa  ; 
S,  darat :  eugenia  pyrifolia  ; 
S.  jantan  :  pyrenaria  acuminata ; 
S.  pay  a :  eugenia  inophylla; 
S,  ptdut :  eugenia  subdecussafa  ; 
S.  s^rai :  glochidioft  nanogynum ; 
S.  teberau  :  eugenia  lepidocarpa. 

saman.  Eng.  Summons.  Kaluwar  s, :  to 
take  out  a  summons  against  a  person.  Kena 
s. ;  to  be  summoned.  Mata-mata  s, ;  a 
process-server. 

samUB.  I.  Robbery;  theft  with  violence; 
forcible  deprivation ;  Ht.  Abd.,  324,  325,  410. 
Menyamun :  to  rob ;  Ht.  Abd.,  227,  305,  317. 
Penyamun :  a  robber;  Ht.  Abd.,  415. 

II.  Semak-safnun :  tangled  growth  on  a 
path  that  has  been  neglected;  much  over- 
grown ;  Ht.  Abd.,  344 ;  Sh.  Bid,,  3. 

sami.  L  [Skr.  swdmt:  lord;  through 
Siamese?]     A  Buddhist  priest, 

Tuwam  di4ayor  di-puchok  apt, 
Hendak   tuwam   beiul  pusat; 
Bawa   beluwam   m^njadt  sami, 
Pakaiyan   kuning  masok  di-wat  : 
carry  a  bread-wallet,  make  yourself  a  bon^e, 
put  on  the  yellow  robe  and  enter  a  Buddhist 
temple. 

Hair  an  sa-kali  di-haii-nya   kami, 

Melihatkan  gandom  bertangkai  j^rami; 

Hilang'lah  kuning,  pakaiyan-nya  sami; 
Di'thtdang  sBmut  senget-lah  burnt : 
it  seems  a  most  wonderful  thing  in  my  eyes 
that  I  should  see  wheat  with  stubble  for  its 
stalk,  the  royal  yellow  gone  for  the  robe  of 
a  priest,  the  world  itself  askew  because  an 
ant  has  kicked  it, — an  ironical  quatrain  on 
the  pro-Siamese  policy  of  the  Sultan  of  Kedah 
who  allowed  real  encroachments  on  his 
independence  for  the  sake  of  trifling  honours 
and  dignities. 

11.     Arab.     High,  noble,  lofty,  sublime. 

Sana.  L  Yonder;  the  further,  in  contradis- 
tinction to  the  nearer;  there.  Di-sana:  there, 
yonder,  in  that  place,  Disaberang  s. ;  on  the 
further  bank,  on  the  opposite  shore;  Ht. 
Abd.,  228;  Ht.  Mash.,  11.  Ka-sana:  thither. 
Dari'Sana:  thence. 


%  w» 


II.     The 

angsana,  q. 


senna-tree ; 
v. 


an    abbreviation    of 


km   sanak. 


Kindred,  blood-relations  generally ; 
the  family  to  which  a  man  belongs ;  a  col- 
lective of  anak^  q.  v.  Sanak  saudara :  id. ;  Sh. 
Jub.  Mai.,  8;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  Tiyada  mim- 
punyat  sanak  saudara :  without  relatives ;  alone 
in  the  world ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak,,  17. 


vij>jw 


jj 


I  w< 


b^ 


sawa.  The  python,  of  which  two  large 
species  are  known,  python  melanurus  (rare), 
B.nd  python  reticulatus,  Ular  s. :  id.,  Ht.  Abd., 
387,  Pachat  sigera  Mndak  menjadi  ular  sawa : 
the  leeches  want  to  become  pythons  at  once ; 
foolish  ambition ;  Prov.  Apa  lagi  sawa  iya 
berk^hendak  ayam-lah :  what  then  ?  does  not 
the  python  desire  the  fowl  as  a  matter  of 
course? — a  proverbial  expression  ridiculing 
the  surprise  of  a  man  who,  for  instance, 
marries  a  wife  and  then  wonders  at  her  want- 
ing jewellery. 

S.  chindai :  the  reticulate  python  when  very 
brightly  marked. 

S.  rendam :  the  python,  when  it  frequents 
rivers  or  marshes;  the  water-python.  This 
is  probably  not  a  distinct  species,  but  it  is 
believed  by  Malays  to  be  larger  and  duller  in 
colour  than  the  s.  chindai. 

Enche'   ta'4ahu  sawa   rindam, 
Di-rat  harimau   mati   tergulong : 

you  do  not  know  the  water-python ;  a  tiger 
even  will  perish  if  wrapped  in  the  pressure 
of  its  coils. 

S.  tikus :  a  relatively  small  snake  (python 
curtus  ?)  found  in  Trengganu  and  Kelantan 
and  said  to  prey  on  rats  which  it  kills  by 
constriction. 

Rangkek  belang  s. ;  a  shell,  conus  capitaneus, 

Sawat.  I.  Pesawat :  a  machine;  compli- 
cated machinery  of  any  sort.  P.  asap :  a 
steam  engine.  P.  bBrjentera:  a  machine 
involving  the  use  of  many  wheels.  See  Ht. 
Abd.,  73 ;  Sej.  Mai.,  20. 

II.  The  penis.  In  Kedah,  used  when 
speaking  of  animals  only,  not  of  men. 

III.  A  kind  of  selendang  or  plaid.  S. 
sandang :  this  plaid  when  worn  cross-wise 
over  the  breast ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
Selendang  sawat  sandang  :  id.,  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 


sawar.  A  fence,  a  row  of  stakes  or  other 
obstruction  to  drive  fish  or  animals  in  a 
certain  direction;  a  fish-weir;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
III.,  97,  S.  pelandok:  a  fence  of  small  up- 
rights with  leaves  or  brushwood  filling  the 
interstices  between  them,  used  for  driving 
dwarf-deer  in  the  direction  of  a  trap. 

The  word  is  also  used  of  a  fence  put  across 
a  path  to  stop  people  from  passing;  cf.  gawar. 

Tali  s. :  a  strong  rattan  rope  held  tightly  at 
each  end  by  men  and  used  to  drive  buffaloes 
into  a  pen. 


sawang.     I.     (Kedah.)     The  cobwebs,   dirt, 
etc.,  on  a  Malay  ceiling. 

IL     A  plant  (unidentified).     Its  leaf  is  used 
as  a  remedy  for  skin-disease  (kurap). 


SAUK 


[    367    ] 


SAYAT 


^3^U»   sauk.    I. 


The  process  of  lassoing;  the  actual 
throwing  being  called  tebar  and  the  lasso  jSrat. 

II.  A  pot-lid.  S.  belanga:  id.  Ikan  s. 
belanga :  a  descriptive  name  for  a  fish  (un- 
indentified). 

III.  Scooping  up  with  the  hands. 

IV.  (Onom.)  Sighing,  the  sound  of  a  man 
sighing.  Dengan  sank  tangis  :  with  sighs  and 
tears;  Ht.  Best.  Sayup-sayup  bunyi  sauk 
orang :  low  in  the  distance  were  heard  the 
sighs  of  men  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  91.  The  word 
also  occurs ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  16,  47,  82,  98, 
and  in  two  other  passages  of  the  Ht,  Best. 


I|V.^ 


vJ^v.^    sawan.      Convulsions,     epilepsy;      fits; — as-  ! 

cribed  to  the  attacks  of  an  evil  spirit ;   Ht.  j 

Abd.,  154.     Saperti  budak  terjtm  sawan :  like  | 

a  child   in   convulsions;   Sh.    Bur.    Nuri,   7.  j 

Saperti   budak    terkena    sawan :    id.,    Sh.    Ik.  ^ 

Trub.,  9.  I 

S.  babi,  or  s.  gila  babi  :  epilepsy.  | 

S.  bangkai :  apoplexy.  | 

Batok  5. ;  whooping  cough,  in  children.  I 

Ibu  s, :  a  peculiar  boil  or  eruption  of  boils  j 

on  a  child's  head.  i 

Menolakkan  s. ;  to  keep  off  fits,  to  ward  off  j 

convulsions ; — used  of  a  charm  or  medicine.  I 


<b^Ui   sauh.    I 


A  fruit  tree ;  mimusops  kauki. 

S.  htitan :  a  large  tree  with  deep  green  leaves, 
white  flowers,  and  yellow  plum-like  fruits; 
parinarium  griffithianum, 

S.  menila :  the  chiku  or  sapodilla ;  achras 
sapota, 

II.  An  anchor.  Membongkar  s. :  to  haul 
up  the  anchor;  Ht.  Abd.,  133;  cf.  Sej.  Mai., 
76;  Cr.  Or.,  60.  Champak  s. ;  casting  anchor; 
Pel.  Abd.,  no. 

S.  chemat :  an  anchor  thrown  ashore  for 
hauling  on. 

S.  jangkar :  a  heavy  grapnel. 

S.  larat :  an  anchor  that  is  dragging. 

Laksana   bahtera  sanh-nya   larat, 
Entah   ka4imor,   entah   ka-barat : 

like  a  ship  that  is  dragging  its  anchor,  and 
may  be  driven  whether  East  or  West ; — used 
of  a  man  who  is  the  victim  of  circumstances 
against  which  he  cannot  make  way ;  Prov. 

S.  terbang :  a  light  grapnel  at  the  end  of  a 
rope, — used  for  scaling  a  wall  or  any  similar 
purpose ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  67. 

S.  tunggal :  a  single  cable.  Bersauh  tunggal : 
reduced  to  a  single  cable ;  in  extremis ;  Sh. 
Bur,  Nuri,  40. 

Batang  s. ;  the  shaft  of  an  anchor. 

Batii  s. ;  the  stone  in  a  Malay  anchor. 

Kuku  s. ;  the  blade  or  barb  in  a  Malay 
anchor. 

Ukoran  s.  ;  a  method  of  measuring  the  pro- 
portions of  an  anchor  (upon  which  its  efficacy 
depends). 


^4  w  sawah.  Land  naturally  or  artificially  cultiva- 
ted and  used  for  padi-plsLUting  ;  wet  padi'lB.nd; 
padi'tields,  Yang  ada  berwang  di-beli-nya 
sawah:  those  who  had  money  bought  padi- 
land  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  367. 

S.  benchah  :  land  naturally  swampy. 

5.  bendang :  a  whole  padi-Reld ;  a  padtswsimp 
in  its  full  extent. 

Membuwaf  s.  :  to  open  up  padi-ldnid. 


^^ 


iU«  sawai.  I.  Burong  sawai  :  a  racquet- tailed 
bird  {edolius  ?),  also  known  as  burong  anting- 
anting, 

IL  Bersawai :  to  chant  magical  hymns,  to 
sing  songs  in  the  language  of  spirits, — used  of 
magicians  and  persons  possessed. 

iSy^  sawi.  I.  A  passenger  who  works  his  passage. 
Also  senawi, 

II.  Mustard,  brassica  nigra.  Also  sawi- 
sawi,  and  sesawi,     Biji  s. ;  mustard-seed. 

S.  pasir :  artanema  sesamoides. 
C^Vm*    sahit.     A  variant  of  sayat,  q.v. 

0-*few  sahut.  Response,  reply,  answer.,  Maka 
sahut'ku  daripada  hidop  yang  dhnikiyan  ierlebeh 
baik'lah  matt :  I  replied :  better  death  than 
such  a  life  as  this;  Ht.  Abd.,  41.  Cf.  also  Ht. 
Abd.,  79,  131,  161 ;  Sej.  Mai.,  7, 9;  Cr.  Gr.,  33. 

Sahut'Sahutan :  continuously  replying  one 
to  another, — as  guns  in  salutes,  or  as  bands 
playing  one  after  the  other;  Cr.  Gr.,  44.  Ber^ 
sahutan :  id. ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  9.  Bersahut- 
sahutan :  id.;  Sh.  Lamp.,  3;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk., 
10;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  87. 

Sahuti :  to  make  reply  to,  to  answer;  Sej. 
Mai.,  no;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;  Sh.  Bid.,  n. 
Menyahut:  id.  (intransitive) ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  28; 
Ht.  Abd.,  10;  Sej.  Mai.,  29,  80.  Mhiyahidi : 
id.  (transitive);  Ht.  Sg,  Samb. ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya;    Ht.  Mash.,  45. 

jjJtU*#    sahan.     [Arab,  sahan,]     An  iron  plate. 
aU-    SaJtlL     Negligent ;  KL,  v.  d.  W. 
cfw    sai.     A  fish;  a  kind  of  ray  (unidentified). 

(S^    saya.     A   colloquial   abbreviation  for  sehaya, 
q.v. 

C-^u*!  sayat.  Slicing  away  the  surface  of  anything ; 
taking  off  the  skin  ;  scratching  off  or  rubbing 
off  the  outer  surface ;  taking  off  a  projecting 
extremity  such  as  an  ear  or  finger.  HHdak- 
kah  pula  tclinga-mu  hi  sayat :  do  you  want  me 
also  to  slice  off  your  ears ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  59. 
Bukan-nya  mudah  daging  di-sayat,  bercMrai4ah 
badan  d^ngan-nya  nyawa :  it  is  not  an  easy 
thing  to  sever  flesh  and  blood  (near  relations) ; 
it  is  as  though  the  soul  were  parting  from  the 
body ;  Ht,  Koris.  Sahit  kulit-nya :  to  cut 
off  the  skin  of  anything  ;  Ht.  Best. 


SA'IB 


[    368    ] 


SAYUP 


Tenayat :  sliced  off.  Tersayat  hujongjari-nya 
dengan  pisau  itu :  the  tip  of  her  finger  was 
cut  off  by  the  knife ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mahaw.  Used 
of  the  umbilical  cord ;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  15. 

The  forms  sahit  and  sait  also  occur. 


j\^    sa^ir.      [Arab,    vy^  .]     A    poem ;     a  variant 
oi  sha^tr,  q.  v. 


^ 


u 


crd 


iW 


^u 


say  or.  Vegetables  in  general ;  green  food. 
Segala  jinis  sayor-sayor  :  all  kinds  of  vege- 
tables ;  Ht.  Abd.,  59.  Sayor-mayor :  id. ;  a 
hash  of  mixed  vegetables;  Sej.  MaL,  121. 
Sayor-sayoran  :  id.  Laksana  sayor-sayoran 
(tiyada  lauk  beharu  berguna)  :  like  vegetables 
which  are  useful  only  when  you  have  no 
curried  meat ;  like  half  a  loaf  which  is  useful 
when  you  have  not  more ;  Prov.  Sayorkan  : 
to  cook  as  a  vegetable  ;  to  serve  up  as  a 
cooked  vegetable  ;  Sej.  MaL,  153. 


sais. 

342. 


Hind.     A  groom,  a  '*  syce  ;  "  Ht.  Abd., 


iiiw    saing.     Travelling   in   company.      Bersa'ing : 
^  in     company     with,    accompanied     by.      J5. 

dengan  perahu  Terengganu :  in  company  with  a 
Trengganu  ship ;  Pel.  Abd.,  28.  Bersaingan  : 
=  bersaing ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  29 ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
104.  Ktimbang  terbang  ta'-tersaing,  burong 
terbang  tinggal  di-bHakang  :  the  flying  bees 
could  not  keep  up  with  it,  the  flying  birds 
were  left  behind  it ; — a  proverbial  description 
of  a  ship's  great  speed. 


sayang.  I.  Regret,  pity,  sorrow  for;  the 
pity  that  is  akin  to  love  ;  pining  with  affection; 
affection  generally.  Kita  merasai  sayang  dan 
kaseh  :  we  feel  affection  and  love ;  Ht.  Abd., 
464.  Akan4etapi  terlalu4ah  sayang-nya  koia 
sa-bagus  ini  di'binasakan  dengan  sa-bentarjuga: 
but  it  was  most  pitiful  that  so  splendid  a 
fort  should  be  destroyed  in  a  moment ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  65, 

Laksana   buwah  Mpayang, 
Di-makan  mabok   di-buwang  sayang  : 

like  the  fruit  of  the  kepayang  which  makes  you 
ill  if  you  eat  it  and  which  it  seems  a  pity  to 
throw  away ;  fair  but  false  ;  Prov.,  Sh.  Bur. 
Nuri,  32. 

Mhiaroh  s.  ;  to  feel  love,  pity  or  affection  ; 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  151. 

Sayangi :  to  feel  love,  pity  or  regret.  A  pa 
guna  di'Sayangi  lagi  :  of  what  use  is  it  to 
regret  it ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Sayangkan  :  to  regret,  to  love  (transitive)  ;= 
sayang  ahan,  Sa-hingga  tiyada  sayangkan 
nyawa  dan  badan  :  until  he  no  longer  cared 
for  either  soul  or  body  ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  8.  Yang  ada  pula  sayangkan 
harta-nya:  others  there  were  who  regretted 
their  (lost)  property;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  51. 


Sayangkan  kain  buwangkan  baJju ; 

Sayangkan  lain   buwangkan    aku : 
if  you  love  the  sarong  throw  away  the  coat ; 
if  you  love  another,  send  me  away;    Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  143. 

Penyayang :  one  who  loves,  —  used  of  a  king 
who  was  a  lover  of  his  people,  Ht.  Jay. 
Lengg. 

II.  Tombak  sayang :  a  kind  of  gaff  used  to 
keep  the  front  of  the  sail  from  flapping. 

ii  w»    sayong.     Uneven   cutting ;   an  unequal  divi- 

^  sion,  as  when  a  man  splitting  a  rattan  divides 

it  into  two  portions  of  unequal  width. 

i  w  sayap.  A  pinion ;  a  wing  generally,  whether 
the  wing  of  a  bird  (  Ht.  Abd.,  71,  Sej.  MaL, 
152),  or  of  a  beetle  (Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  loi),  or, 
by  extension,  the  wing  of  an  army;  Ht.  Si 
Misk.,  125;  the  feather  of  an  arrow;  Ht. 
Hamz.,  48. 

S.  layang :  the  extreme  outer  beam  forming 
the  slope  of  a  roof. 

S.  sandang  :  a  sort  of  cross-belt  for  support- 
ing a  sword ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  14.  Cf.  sawat 
sandang. 

Asah  s.  kimtbang  :  a  way  of  filing  the  teeth 
so  as  to  make  them  resemble  the  wings  of  a 
flying  beetle  ;  filing  the  teeth  narrow  in  the 
centre  and  staining  them  black. 

Bajii  bersayap  :  a  coat  with  pendulous  sleeves. 
A  nak   kumbang    terayap-rayap, 

Di'ikat   uleh   anak   Turki ; 
Hendak   terbang   tidak    bersayap, 
Hendak   hinggap   tidak    berkaki : 

the  young  bee  is  crawling  and  crawling  but  it 
is  kept  tied  up  by  the  young  Turk ;  it  would 
fly  away  but  it  has  no  wings,  it  would  settle 
down  but  it  has  no  feet ; — a  proverbial  pantun 
descriptive  of  the  helplessness  of  a  lover  who 
is  prevented  from  meeting  his  beloved. 

i»\.*M  sayup.  Just  visible ;  faintly  visible  or  audi- 
ble ;  just  coming  within  vision  or  hearing. 
Bunyi-nya  gtiroh  sayup-sayup  basah  antara 
ada  dengan  tiyada :  the  sound  of  thunder  was 
heard  indistinctly,  half  audible  and  half  not ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Suwara  laksamana  itu  sayup 
di-dengar-nya :  the  voice  of  the  Laksamana 
was  just  audible;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  79. 

S.  mata  memandang :  as  far  as  the  eye  can 
reach;  so  far  that  the  eye  can  only  faintly 
see  anything ;  Pel.  Abd.,  13. 

Banyak   orang  pukat   iBmBnong, 

Stidah  terdapat  anak   sembilang ; 
Ttiwan  di-atas   kemonchak  gunongy 
A  lang-kah  sayup   mata   memandang : 

you.  Sir,  are  placed  on  the  summit  of  a 
mountain :  must  not  the  eye  see  you  but 
indistinctly  ?  If  a  man  is  on  a  pinnacle  of 
greatness,  he  will  be  but  badly  understood  by 
those  below  him ;  Prov. 

S.  piyama :  (Kedah)  when  the  wet  season  is 
fading  away;  when  the  padi-sesiSon  is  far 
advanced  and  the  rain  comes  less  and  less. 


SAYU 


[    369    ] 


SAB&RANG 


^w  sayu.  Sadness,  melancholy ;  the  feeling  of 
melancholy.  Sayu  dan  hUas :  sorrow  and 
pity,  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  38. ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  46. 
Berhati  sayu:  melancholy;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  5. 
Sayu  bclas  hatt-nya :  sad  and  pitiful ;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah. 

HatUnya  sangat   bersayu-sayu, 
Saperti  dengong  berpuput  bayit : 

her    heart    was   sad,    sad,   as   a   murmuring 
sound  wafted  by  the  breeze  ;  Cr.  Gr,,  62. 


3J 


I  WM» 


«U, 


•Va»«.m 


Sdbarau.  A  fish,  unidentified;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub., 
15;  J.S.  A.  S.,  VIII.,  120,  127. 

sSbasah.  A  name  applied  to  several  small 
trees  or  shrubs  of  the  order  euphorbiacece,  e,  g, 
glochidium  desmocarpum.  Also  to  a  sea-shore 
shrub,  scyphiphora  hydrophyllacea, 

S,  batu :  a  small  tree,  cleistauthus  niiidm, 

S.  hit  am  :  aporosa  aurea, 

S.  jantaii :  aporosa  ficifolia, 

S.  minyak  :  aporosa  aurea ;  =  s.  hitam. 


C-Jww    sSbalat.      (Malacca.)      A     plant,     aralidium 
pinnatifidwn, 

aV^*«    sSbawa.       Extremely      fair      or      beautiful ; 
beauteous,  lovely. 

(^jAU^    sSbahan.     Ikan      sebahan :       a      river      iish 
(unidentified) ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  10. 


sSbab.       [Arab.      sabab,]       Cause,      reason, 
originating  force ;  because. 

Tiyada  berani  hampir  kapada  sarang  lebah  itu 
sebab  takut  di-sengaUnya :  they  dare  not 
approach  the  hive  for  fear  of  being  stung; 
Ht.  Abd.,  25,  S.  itu-lah:  for  that  reason ; 
therefore. 


A  pa  s, :  why. 

Dart  s.,  and  uleh  s, 
reason  of. 


because  ;    in  that ;  by 


Sebabkan :  to  cause,  to  furnish  a  reason. 
Di'Sebabkan  Allah  aku-lah  mengajar  behasa 
Melayu  :  God  caused  me  to  become  a  teacher 
of  Malay;  Ht.  Abd.,  338. 

Mhtyesebabkan :  to  cause,  to  bring  about,  to 
be  the  cause  of.  Sigera-lah  engkau  menyembah 
kapada  Maharaja  Johan  Shah  Peri  Serta 
Indera  J  ay  a  yang  menyesebabkan  engkau  jadi 
rupa-mu  yang  demikiyan  ini :  pay  your 
respects  speedily  to  the  Maharaja  Johan  Shah 
Pri  and  to  Indra  Jaya  who  was  the  cause  of 
your  getting  this  form  you  now  have;  Ht. 
Ind.  Jaya. 

sabtu.  Arab.  Rest;  the  Sabbath.  Maris.: 
the  day  of  rest,  the  Sabbath,  Saturday ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  308. 

sSbat.  I.  Choked,  of  the  nostril ;  the  sense 
of  difficulty  in  breathing  through  the  nose ; 
cf.  sumbaf. 


II.  The  sensation  caused  by  an  extremely 
acid  taste ;  the  quiver  that  runs  through  the 
body  and  sets  the  teeth  on  edge  when  a  very 
sour  fruit  is  bitten. 

ni.  A  sweeping  blow  with  a  long  thin 
cane  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  434. 

sSbit.  Jav.  A  dish  of  buifalo  meat  and 
vermicelli ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

s3bllt.  Saying,  utterance,  enunciation. 
Lidah-nya  susah  sebut :  his  tongue  found  it 
difficult  to  pronounce  (Malay) ;  Ht.  Abd.,  45. 

Sebutan :  the  thing  said ;  the  tenour  of  what 
was  said.  Sebut'Sebiitan  orang :  common 
talk ;  Ht.  Abd.,  280. 

Sebutkan :  to  utter,  to  repeat  (transitive)  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  6,  33,  47,  48,  etc.  Meny^but :  id, ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  147,  160.  Menyebutkan:  id.;  Ht. 
Abd.,  44,  412,  464. 

Tersebut :  mentioned.  Yang  tersibut  di-atas 
ini :  the  above  mentioned.  Saperti  yang 
tersebut  di-bawah  ini  :  as  follows. 


^W*    SUbhsina.     Arab.       Praise    (to    God).     This 

word  is  always  used  after  the  name  of  Allah, 
i.  e.y  Allah  subhana-hu  wa-ta'ala. 

The  form  subhdni  occurs:  Sh.  Pr.  Turk.,  15. 


sabda.  [Skr.  shabda.]  Said,  spoken;  a 
saying;  to  say.  This  word  is  very  refined  in 
use  and  is  sometimes  confined  to  sayings  of 
the  Prophet,  while  Utah  is  used  of  the  sayings 
of  princes.  In  other  cases  sabda  is  used 
indifferently  of  the  sayings  of  great  personages 
whether  prophets  or  princes. 

Sabda   nabi   engkau   dengarkan, 
Firman  Allah    kita   ingatkan : 

listen  to  the  words  of  the  Prophet,  and  let  us 
remember  the  commandments  of  God;  Sh. 
Dag.,  6.  Mengiknt  sabda  rasul  Allah:  to 
follow  the  instructions  of  the  Prophet  of  God  ; 
Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.  Kami  pirgi  Mngan  sabda 
rasul  Allah  :  we  travel  in  accordance  with  the 
Prophet's  directions;  Sej.  MaL,  66. 

The  word  is  used  of  the  sayings  of  princes ; 
Sej.  MaL,  6;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata; 
Ht.  Jay.    Lengg. ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  98. 

Birsabda :  to  say,  to  utter, — of  a  prince  or 
of  the  Prophet;  Sej.  MaL,  71, 


J^    Sfibar.     The  sensation   of  a   warm    rush    of 
blood  through  the  body;  Pijn.,  KL,  v.  d.  W. 

9jy^  sabSrang  or  sSbSrang.  The  other  side  of 
a  stream  or  stretch  of  water ;  the  opposite 
bank ;  the  opposite  side  of  a  road ;  (Penang) 
Province  Wellesley.  Di-saberang  sana  sungai 
Singapura :  on  the  opposite  bank  of  the 
Singapore  river;  Ht.  Abd.,  228. 
Saberang  Perai :  Province  Wellesley. 


SisiEHANA 


[    370    ] 


SAT 


jK^jy^ 


Saberang-menyeberang :  to  keep  coming 
across,  as  immigrants  flocking  into  an  island ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  252,  364. 

Seberangkan :  to  ferry  across ;  Ht.  Mash., 
II,     Menyeberangkan :  id.;  Ht,  Ind.  Nata. 

Menyaberang  :  to  travel  across  the  water ;  to 
cross  over  to;  Ht.  Abd.,  311. 

sSbSrhana.  [Skr.  sabharana,]  Complete, 
full,  —  especially  of  full  dress.  Mimakai 
sBberhana  pakaiyan :  to  wear  full  dress;  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub. ;  Ht.  Mash.,  58.  Mimakai  s^berhana 
perhiyasan  :  to  wear  all  one's  ornaments. 

sab 'at.     Arab.     Seven. 


ft^    sSbong.     A   single   niwas    (or   division   from 
^        knot  to  knot)  of  the  bamboo. 

S.  hutan  :  a  hairy  shrub,  lasianthus  appressus. 


O^ 


sSbak.  I.  Full  to  overflowing ;  inundating; 
—  of  water.  Ayer  sibak :  an  inundation ; 
water  covering  land  usually  dry,  cf.  bah, 
Saperti  ayer  sebak :  like  an  inundation,  —  a 
simile  for  blood  flowing  like  water ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. ;  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub. ;  Sej.  Mai.,  85.  Sebak  is  used  of 
still  water,  bah  of  water  in  actual  flow^ 

n.  Difficulty  or  shortness  of  breath, 
especially  in  a  person  tired  by  violent 
exertion. 


Ij^  sSbok.  Menyebok :  to  pass  between  two 
rows;  Kl. 

^^    sSbek.     The  projection  of  the  lips  by  a  child 

about  to  cry ;  to  purse  up  one's  mouth  for  a 
good  howl. 

^^x^...    sabkap.     (Kedah.)    A  howdah  with  a  wooden 
floor  to  it. 

^S^^    S6b6kah.     Ikan  sebekah  :  a  fish  (unidentified) ; 
Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  12. 

L^  sSbal.  Mournful,  melancholy,  sorrowful. 
Sebal  di'hati:  mournfulness ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben., 
60 ;  Ht.  Koris.  SSbal  di-dalam  hati :  id. ;  Ht. 
P.  J.  P.  Sibal  hati:  id.;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.; 
Ht.  Si  Misk.,  8 ;  Ht,  Mar.  Mah.  Sebal  pada 
hati:  id.;  Sh.  Pr.  Turk.,  12. 

Berhati  s. ;   mournful,    sad ;    Sh.   Ik.  Trub., 
18 ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  58. 

MBnyBbal :  to  feel  sorrowful. 

Kalau  pujok  makin  menyebal ; 
Kalau  marah  beharu  tirtawa  : 

if  you  coax  him,  he  gets  sadder ;  if  you  get 
angry  with  him,  he  begins  to  laugh;  an 
eccentric  person ;  Prov. 


(j*Jt^    sabdlas.     Eleven ;  v.  belas. 


4jU^  sabSlah,  One  side ;  on  one  side ;  v.  belah. 
Sa-belah  minyabelah :  on  both  sides.  Menya- 
belah  is  pronounced  menyBbelah, 


rr 


(>W 


sSbam.  Turning  black,  losing  colour  by 
becoming  darker.  This  word  is  used  of  rice 
turning  black  when  badly  cooked,  or  of  a 
bright  pattern  becoming  duller  and  less 
conspicuous  with  age. 


S6bun.  Never  coming  to  maturity;  tardy; 
prolonging  itself  indefinitely.  Bisul  s. :  a  blind 
boil ;  also,  a  boil  which,  after  bursting,  closes 
up  again  and  refuses  to  heal.  Sebim  is  also 
used  of  labour  (in  childbirth)  being  unduly 
prolonged. 


sabandar.  [Pers.  shah-i-bandar.]  A  harbour- 
master, a  master  attendant ;  —  a  colloquial 
corruption  of  shah-bandar. 


y^    sSbu.     Filled  up,    choked  up,    of  a   well   or 
cutting. 

^jyi^    sSburut.     A  plant ;  thottea  gvandiflora, 

tr*jy^    s6buras.     A  herb  with  white  flowers  and  blue 
berries ;  pollia  aclisia. 

<^    sSbeh.     A  plant ;  canna  indica, 

^M*    sSbai.     I.     A  parasitic  plant  (unidentified). 

II.  A  kind  of  scarf  worn  by  both  men  and 
women.  Kain  s. :  id.,  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.  Jiha 
tiyada  bersebai  tiyada  dapat  masok  :  people  who 
did  not  wear  a  scarf  were  not  allowed 
admittance;  Sej.  MaL,  91.  Di-churi-nya 
sebai  dayang-dayang  yang  di-kasehi  uleh 
baginda  :  he  stole  the  scarf  of  a  court  damsel 
beloved  by  the  king;  Ht.  Bakht.,  22. 
Mengena-kan  s. :  to  wear  a  scarf;  Sh.  Jur. 
Bud.,  45.  Ptmcha  s, :  the  loose  hanging  end 
of  the  scarf;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

The  sebai  was  worn  round  the  neck  with  the 
ends  hanging  over  and  covering  the  breast. 
The  word  is  also  used  of  wearing  a  selendang 
in  this  way. 


J<rr- 


sabtl.  Arab.  Way,  road.  Ibmi'  s-sabil :  a " 
'*  son  of  the  road ;  *'  a  traveller.  Pirang  sabtl 
Allah:  a  Holy  War.  [Arab./?  sibiliHldhi :  in 
the  cause  of  God,  in  holy  warfare.]  Berbuwat 
sabtl  dengan  nasrdni :  to  carry  on  a  Holy  War 
against  the  Christians;  Sh.  Pr.  Turki,  7. 

sat.     I.     A  measure  of  capacity  for  rice ;  the 
equivalent  of  5  gantang. 

II.  [Arab  ^jc-U  .]     A  moment ;  a  colloquial 
abbreviation  of  sd^at. 

III.  The  ace,  in  playing-cards. 


SIT 


[    371     ] 


SfiTINJA 


sit.     (Onom.)     A  swishing  sound.     Cf.  iBsit, 

SUt.     I.     (Onom.)     A  sound  as  of  rushing  air 
or  water.     Cf.  lesut. 

11.  (Kedah.)  The  last  one,  the  one  at  the 
'* fag-end;"  the  one  who  brings  up  the 
extreme  rear. 


vXu*    S§ta.     [Skr.   hasta,]      The    Malay   cubit;    an 
abbreviation  of  hasta^  q.  v. 


v-3  \^ 


sStabal.     [Eur.  constable  ?] 
master;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  23. 


A  sort  ofquarter- 


s6taka.  A  state  entrance  (porch  or  dais  or 
steps)  to  a  hall  of  audience;  Ht.  Koris  (in 
four  passages) ;  cf.  astaka. 


jyX^M  sStawaXp  Herbs,  the  creeping  stems  of  which 
are  used  in  medicine,  cf.  tawar :  costus  specio- 
sus,  Rndforrestia  spp. 

S.  gajah,  or  s.  betina:  forrestia  mollis, 

S.  jantan  :  forrestia  griffithii. 


j\^    Setar.     A  plant    (unidentified), 
capital  of  Kedah. 


Alor  s. :  the 


\ 


)/\^  SUtSra  or  s6t6ra.  [Skr.  sutra.]  Silk. 
Payong  s. :  a  silk  umbrella;  Ht.  Abd.,  120, 
231.     Kain  s. ;  a  silk  sarong;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

S.  china,  s.  chang-hai  (Shanghai),  s.  jo-se 
(jiau-se)  and  s.  lok-chun  or  s.  lok-chuan: 
Chinese  silks  well  known  in  the  Straits. 

Kain  s.  keling,  and  kain  s.  tanah  hitam :  silk 
cloths  worn  bj^  Tamil  immigrants. 


jja\/U«    sgterawan.     [Skr.  shdstrawant.]    One  learned 
•^  in    the    Sacred    Books;    (by    extension)    an 

Better 


astrologer,     an 
sesterawan,  q.  v. 


astrological     table. 


r-A- 


sSt^rong.  Eng.  Strong,  in  the  sense  of 
playing  the  professional  strong  man ;  mus- 
cularity. 

Tempang  pandai  Mndak  seterong, 
Tiyada  sedar   kaki-nya  kudong : 

that  cripple  is  clever  at  trying  to  be  a  Samson, 
but  he  does  not  realize  that  his  feet  are 
deformed ;  absurd  ambitions ;  Prov, 


s^jl^   s6t6rup. 
Mard. 


[Dutch:    stroop,]     Syrup;  Ht.  Sh. 


Jir^ 


s6t6ru.  A  personal  enemy;  a  man  against 
whom  one  has  a  private  feud,  in  contradis- 
tinction to  a  national  foe  (musoh).  Daripada 
banyak  sHeni  baik  birbanyak  sahdbat :  better 
many  friends  than  many  enemies;  Sej.  Mai., 
126. 


Seteruwan:  one's  enemies  generally;  Sh. 
Tab.  Mimp.,  11. 

Berseteru :  to  be  at  enmity  with,  to  be  an 
enemy  of ;  Ht.  Abd.,  315,  412.  Daripada 
sahdbat  dengan  orang  yang  bodoh  baik  berseteru 
dengan  orang  yang  ber^akal :  it  is  better  to 
have  a  wise  man  for  a  foe  than  a  fool  for  a 
friend;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI.,  35. 

Perseteruwan  :  enmity.  Membanyakkan  per- 
seteruwan:  to  multiply  one's  enmities;  Ht. 
Abd.,  97. 

In  Javanese  romances  seteru  is  often  used 
in  the  wider  sense  of  all  foes.  Jayeng  sUeru: 
victorious  over  one's  foes  ;  v.  jayeng, 

iSj^  sStSriya.  [Skr.  kshatriya,]  A  kshatriya,  a 
member  of  the  warrior  or  princely  caste ;  Ht. 
Sh.,  Ht.  Mas  Ed.  Para  seteriya :  the  kshatriya 
caste  generally;  all  the  kshatriyas  at  court 
or  in  the  kingdom  ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 


ty^/^  sStSriman.  Dutch  ?  A  petty  officer  on  a 
ship;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  42. 

jSJc^    sStongkong.     Ikan  setongkong :  a  fish  (uniden- 
^  tified);  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  6. 

yJd^  sStanggar  or  sStinggar.  [Port,  espingarda,] 
An  old-fashioned  musket ;  Sh.  Peng.,  17 ;  Sh. 
Sri    Ben.,   3;    Sh.   Abd.    Mk.,    23.      Better 

istinggar, 

Siu*»    sStanggi.       [Skr.   astangga,]      Incense ;    Sh. 
-  Sri  Ben.,   13;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  8;  Ht.  Ind. 

Meng. 

^J*^*^    sStinggi.     A  reef  in  a,  sail.     5.  layar :  id. 

rsSsX^  sStakona.  A  colloquial  variant  of  astakona, 
q.  V. 

\;Um    setal.     Eur.     Stall,  stable. 

3^    S6tul.     A  marine  plant,  enhalus  acoroides. 

J:u-    sutli.     Coarse  thread  for  sewing  canvas. 


O-v^ 


C/i^ 


sStambun.     A  small  tree,  the  wood  of  which 
is  used  for  making  sticks,  baccaurea  parvifoUa. 

S.  bitina :  baccatwea  wallichii, 

5.  lilin  :  baccaurea  brevipes, 

sStampin.      (Selangor.)      A    plant,    mallotus 


griffithianus 


UX^    sfitinja.     A  colloquial  abbreviation  of  istinjd\ 
q.  v. 


SiTU 


[   372   ] 


SAJA' 


4^««A» 


A.WI 


^JT^ 


do 

bearing    for    perhaps    we    may 

ourselves  worse  off  than  before. 


sStu.      I.      A   marine   worm   or   snake;    KL,  I 
Pijn.,  V.  d.  W.  j 

11.  [Jav.  c^tu^l  Blessing,  of  a  Hindu  God  or  ! 
ascetic  blessing  a  devotee  or  follower,  or  lay-  | 
ing  a  transformation  upon  a  person.  SHuwi : 
to  bless.  Maka  Radin  Galoh  pun  di-situwi 
uleh  Betara  Kala*  Maka  b^rubah-lah  rupa-nya 
saperti  rupa  laki-laki :  the  princess  had  the 
charm  laid  on  her  by  the  Great  God  Kala, 
and  her  form  was  changed  and  became  as  that 
of  a  man ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya.  Maka  di-sUuwi 
baginda  sa-moga-moga  Jayeng  Kesoma  tiyada 
makan  uleh  senjata :  the  Sovereign  laid  his 
blessing  on  Jayeng  Kesoma  so  that  weapons 
should  not  penetrate  his  body ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 

The  other  compounds  of  this  word  follow 
the  Javanese  more  closely ;  e,  g,,  mengUUiwi : 
to  bless,  to  lay  a  charm  on;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 
P^ngisiu  :  charmed,  blessed ;  under  the  influ- 
ence of  a  God's  blessing  or  decree.  Dewa 
p^ngestu :  a  God  in  human  or  other  form,  a 
God  in  metamorphosis;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Ping- 
setukara,  or  pengestukara :  transformed  ;  Ht. 
Mas  Edan,  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  ;=: pBngBstu. 

The  forms  merestoni  and  setom  or  setuni  also 
occur ;  KL 


sStawa  or  satwa.  [Skr.  sattwa,]  A  wild 
beast.  MefgMiiwa:  wild  animals  generally; 
=  marga  satwa,  S,  angkara :  a  savage 
monster,  a  fabulous  beast  often  mentioned  as 
the  steed  of  a  hero  or  God ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng., 
Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.,  Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  The 
form  s.  anggara  also  occurs  in  the  same  sense. 


sStori.  Eng.  A  long  and  involved  story ; 
a  long-winded  evasion  or  lie ;  a  story 
invented  to  get  others  into  trouble. 

Damar  di-cholek  jangan  sugi, 

Kalau   menitek   kena   tangan; 

Jangan  banyak   buwat  setori 

KBlak   kita  dapat  kichewaan : 

not    exaggerate    the   tale   that 


iS^ 


you   are 
then     find 


wf5jJU«  sStlxka  or  sStoka.  Ikan  setoka :  a  fish,  a 
species  of  ray.     Also  toka-toka. 

Niyat  hati  nak  panching  thnenong^ 

Sudah  terpanching  ikan  setoka : 

I  hoped  to  catch  a  temhiong  fish  and  I  found 
I  had  caught  a  setoka ;  i.  e,,  I  thought  I  had 
married  a  pearl  of  a  wife  and  I  found  I  had 
caught  a  Tartar ;  Prov. 

^y-^  sStolop.  [Dutch  :  stolp.]  A  wall-lamp ;  Ht. 
Koris;  Ht.  Abd.,  320;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  26; 
Sh.  K.  G.  T.,  7. 

,i^    sSti.     Satin  ;  KL,  v.  d.  W. 


S^ 


^ 


i  V.A-'UVftf 


sittt.  Arab.  Lady,  mistress,  madame ;  a  title 
of  honour  or  distinction.  Sitti  Hawa :  Eve. 
Sitti  Fatimah  :  Fatimah,  the  daughter  of  the 
Prophet.  Sitti  Maryam :  the  Virgin  Mary. 
Ini'lah  kiriman  enche'  sitti  sihaya :  this  is  sent 
by  my  mistress;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  23.  Sitti 
Keduwa  sangat  bakti-nya  :  the  two  ladies  were 
ladies  of  great  merit;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  45. 
Hidangan  pun  di-angkat  sitti-sitti  anak  raja-raja 
dan  mimteri :  the  plates  were  removed  by 
ladies,  the  daughters  of  princes  and  ministers  ; 
Ht.  Koris.     Often  pronounced  siti. 


Sfitiya.  [Skr.  satya.]  Fidelity,  faith,  troth, 
constancy.  Ada-pun  harta  dunya  ini  saperti 
perempuwan  jalang,  tetapi  Hlmu  itu  bukan-nya 
demikiyan  teramat  tegoh  setiya-nya :  worldly 
wealth  is  hke  a  harlot;  but  wisdom  is  not,  it  is 
constant  in  the  extreme  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  23.  Ada- 
pun  mamisiya  itu  tiyada  tigoh  sHiya-nya  :  men 
are  not  constant  ( in  their  affections ) ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  127.  Maka  tengkorak  yang  bengkok 
ini-lah  perempuwan  kerana  perempuwan  itu 
tiyada  betul  setiya-nya,  dan  yang  betul  itu-lah 
tengkorak  laki-laki :  this  crooked  skull  must  be 
that  of  a  woman  for  women  cannot  keep 
straight ;  the  straight  skull  is  that  of  a  man  ; 
Ht.  Mash.,  21. 

sStiyabu.  Ular  setiyabu :  (  Riau )  a  snake 
( unidentified ) ;  ( Kedah )  suntiyabu.  Pedang 
s. ;  a  weapon  with  a  three-sided  blade  like  the 
ordinary  bayonet. 


o^ 


I  VaZLaM 


^^i**^ 


ttS 


iW* 


Also  sunting  abu. 


setiyawan. 

trusty ;     the 
Abd.,  460. 


[Skr.      satyawant,']       Faithful, 
adjective   of  setiya,   q.  v. ;     Ht. 


sStiyal.      A     tree    yielding    an    edible     fruit 
(unidentified), 

sajS.dah.      [Arab,  sajddat,]     A   praying   mat ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  97. 

Sa-pertiga  malarn,   sajddah  di-hampar, 
Berdiri  mengata   Allahu  akbar : 

every  third  night,  your  praying  mat  being 
spread  out,  stand  up  and  proclaim  that  God 
is  Great ;   Sh,  Nasih.,  5. 


sSjarah.  [Arab,  shajrat,]  Family  tree, 
pedigree,  historical  descent,  Sejarah  Melayu: 
the  name  colloquially  given  to  the  well- 
known  Sejara  Malayu  or  Sildlatu's-saldttn, 
a  legendary  history  of  the  oldest  Malay 
dynasty;  Ht.  Abd.,  412,  445. 


sW    SUJana.     [Skr.:  id.]     Good,  beneficent. 

C0^  S6jat.  Getting  rid  of  the  water  in  anything 
{e,  g,,  in  a  dish  of  boiled  rice)  either  by 
filtration  or  evaporation  or  both. 


fejlf 


iif^    saja*.     Arab. 
See  sajak> 


Assonance,  rhyme. 


S£JAK 


[    373    ] 


s£d£bhana 


^y^    sSjak.     Since;    during   the   interval  between 

this  time  and  some  past  event.     Also  semBjak 
and  simSnjak. 


3^ 


Sdjok.  Coolness,  cold;  a  pleasant  lowering  of 
the  temperature.  S.  hati :  calmness ;  freedom 
from  care,  to  have  a  quiet  heart ;  Ht.  Abd., 
79.  Sejok  dingin  selamat  sentosa :  (literally) 
coolness,  cold,  peace  and  security ;  (by  meta- 
phor) freedom  from  cares,  peace  and  security; 
Ht.  Abd.,  473;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  63. 
Jawa  s. ;  a  name  occasionally  given  to  the 
handle  of  a  keris. 


Menyejokkan :  to  give  coolness  to. 
to  calm  or  pacify;    Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 


M,  hati : 


^ 


^J^ 


3j^ 


Sijil.  [Arab,  sijl.]  A  roll  of  parchment  to 
write  upon  ;  a  diploma  ;  a  brevet, 

SUJtid.  Arab.  Bowing  the  head  to  the  earth 
in  reverence.  Sicjud-lah  iya  sampai  ka4anah 
kepala-nya  :  he  bowed  until  his  head  touched 
the  earth;  Ht.  Abd.,  314.  Sembah  s. ;  bowing 
before  a  person  and  touching  his  hand  with 
your  hea4;  Bint.  Tim.,  2^  January,  1895. 

Sujtitan  :  the  act  of  bowing  in  reverence  and 
salutation  ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. ;  =  sujudan. 

sajauhana.  A  variant  of  saujana,  or  sa- 
yojana;  v.yojana, 

sajahtera.  [Skr.  jaitra.]  Peace,  tranquillity, 
ease.  Selamat  s.  ;  id.,  intensified ;  peace 
and  tranquillity.  Satelah  selamat  dengan 
sajahtera-nya  daripada  segala  behaya  bersalin  : 
when  she  had  passed  in  safety  through  all 
the  dangers  of  child-birth  and  had  been  eased 
of  her  pain  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  17. 

sScherek.  Akar  secherck  :  (Malacca)  a  plant ; 
gnettmi  neglectum, 

sSchina.  A  variegated  pattern  of  colouring 
in  white  or  grey  with  black  markings ;  Kl. 


j^  sihir  or  seher.  [Arab,  sihir,]  *Ilmu  s,  : 
the  Black  Art.  'Ilmu  sihir  ya'ni  Hlmu  ghaib : 
the  art  of  sorcery,  that  is  to  say,  the  Secret 
Art ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah, 

\^    sahal.     [Arab,    sahl.]     Ready    money,   cash 
down. 

oJVJtf^    sSkhalat.     A   variant  of  sakhlat  and    sakldt, 
q.  V. 

S^W  sakh§,wat.  Arab.  Generosity,  liberality. 
Berbuwat  s. ;  to  practise  liberality  ;  Sh.  Kamp. 
Boy.,  12. 

cJii^    sakhlat.     [Pers:  yiyh^  .]     Broadcloth;  Ht. 
Abd.,  85,  231,  247,  273,  etc. 


^    sakht.     Arab.     Kind,  mild,  gentle,  beneficent. 

^\jum    sadab.      Arab.      Rue      (the      plant)  ;     nita 
graveolens, 

Aju-    sudara.     [Skr.   sodara,]     Brother  or  sister; 
^  born  of  the  same  parents.     Better  satidara; 

v.  y^y^   . 

^5'a\ Jl«*    sSdawi.     A  kar     sHawi :     a     plant,     smilax 
calophylla. 

^  Ju«    sSdut.     Vexation  of  feeling,  suppressed  anger. 
Hati  ters^dut :  id. 

tJu-  sfedar.  Consciousness,  to  be  conscious  of 
anything,  to  recover  consciousness.  Belum 
sedar  akan  diri-nya  dalam  kibodohan :  uncon- 
scious that  they  were  steeped  in  stupidity; 
Ht.  Abd.,  54.  Apabila  di-lihat  uleh  Stdtdn 
akan  wang  itu  b^harthlah  sedar  Stdtdn  sMa 
menyesal  akan  diri-nya :  when  the  Sultan  saw 
the  money  he  came  to  his  senses  at  last  and 
repented  of  what  he  had  done;  Ht.  Abd.,  333. 
Bintang  di4angit  dapat  di-bilangy 
Tiyada  sidar  nmka-nya  arang  : 
they  can  count  the  stars  in  the  heavens,  but 
cannot  see  that  their  own  faces  are  smutted  ; 
instructed  but  not  educated ;  learned  but  not 
wise;  Prov.,  Marsd.  Gr.,  211;  cf.  also  J.  S. 
A.  S.,  XL,  42. 

Ikan  siyakap  dari  Bangka^ 

Si'Tiiwah  melarikan  didang ; 

Hendak  mlngambil  negeri  Milaka, 

Tiyada  sidar  jiwa  pun  hilang : 

he  wished  to  capture  the  town  of  Malacca 

and  did  not  reaUze  that  he  would  only  lose 

his  life;  Sh.  Raj.  Haji. 

Sedar  daripada  biyns :  to  come  to  oneself 
after  a  spell  of  unconsciousness  (produced  by 
a  stupefying  drug) ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  55.  Sedar 
daripada  beradu :  to  awake  from  sleep. 

Sedarkan  :  to  be  conscious  of.  Tiyada  sedar- 
kan  diri  :  to  be  unconscious  ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub. ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  92. 

Menyedarkan  :  to  awake,  to  rouse,  to  bring  to 
consciousness ;  Ht.  Abd.,  24. 

Nyedar  :  to  awake  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  49. 

Tersedar,  and  tersUarkan  :  to  be  roused  to 
consciousness  ;  to  be  made  conscious  of  any- 
thing. Maka  Sang  Samba  pun  tersedar-lah 
akan  suwara  dewi  Januwati  itu :  Sang  Samba 
became  conscious  that  it  was  the  voice  of 
Yajnawati ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Sadikit  tersedar- 
kanadek  dan  kakak :  she  remembered  her 
sisters  and  brothers  for  a  space ;  Sh.  Bid.,  95. 


o^- 


sSdgrhana.  [Skr.  su  and  dharana.)  The 
even  mean,  the  proper  average,  neither  too 
large  nor  too  small.  Tuboh-nya  s. :  his  body 
was  of  medium  size;  he  was  of  average 
height;  Ht.  Abd.,  86.  Cf.  also  Ht.  Abd., 
no,  328. 


47 


siciRi 


[    374    ] 


SUDAH 


S6ddri.      (Kedah.)     Celery ;    (Riau,    Johor.) 
seladeriy   from  (Dutch)  selderij. 


Ju«    sadas.     Arab.     The  sixth. 


sM6sar.     Akar    s. 
(unidentified). 


a     medicinal     plant 


W— .^■A*w 


J^Ju- 


sSdang.  The  proper  size ;  neither  too  large 
nor  too  small ;  intermediate ;  during,  while. 
Dudok  sedang,  berdiri  sedang :  to  sit  is  good, 
to  stand  is  also  good  ;  any  course  is  pleasant ; 
Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.  Bunga  s. ;  a  flower  at  its 
best;  Ht.  Koris.  Sedang  berkata  dengan  sa- 
orang  kawan-nya  :  while  talking  to  one  of  his 
friends;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  122.  Buwah-ftya 
sedang  masak  :  its  fruit  was  just  ripening;  Ht. 
Mash.,  66. 

Sedang  and  (more  commonly)  sedangkan 
are  also  used  idiomatically  with  the  meaning 
"even  though,"  **  although."  Maka  patek  pun 
mala  pula  sedang  iya  perimpuwan  lagi  setiya 
dengan  Uiwan-nya :  your  servant  was  put  to 
shame  in  that  she,  even  though  she  was  only 
a  woman,  was  still  faithful  to  her  mistress ; 
Cr.  Gr.,  52.  Sedangkan  binatang  lagi  sa-kiyan 
iya  berkaseh'kasehan  laki  bini  istimewa  pula  kita 
manusiya :  when  even  they,  being  mere 
beasts,  showed  such  conjugal  love  how  much 
more  should  we,  being  human  beings,  harbour 
affection  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  90. 
Akar  s. ;  a  climber,  parameria  polyneura, 
Pokok  s. ;  a  scandent  shrub,  salacia  flavescem, 

sSdap.  Pleasurable  sensation ;  pleasant  to 
the  senses.  Sedap4ah  bimyi-nya  :  its  sound  is 
pleasant ;  Ht.  Abd,,  140.  Badan-ku  tiyada 
sedap  rasa-nya :  I  do  not  feel  well;  Ht.  Abd., 
23.  S.  hati :  contentment;  Cr.  Gr.,  63. 
Sedap  dakulu  sakit  kemtidiyan :  pleasant  at 
first  but  followed  by  pain  ;  vicious  pleasure ; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  11. ,  142.  S.  malam  :  a 
fragrant  liliaceous  plant  (unidentified) ;  cf. 
sundal  malam. 


^Ju*    sSdak.     I.     A  tree  (unidentified). 

H.  Tersidak  :  to  be  afflicted  with  a  kind  of 
choking  hiccough,  as  when  a  person  drinks 
water  hastily  or  carelessly  and  swallows  too 
large  a  gulp. 

sSdSkala.  [Skr.  saddkdla,]  Always,  at  all 
times,  immemorial.  'Adat  s.  ;  immemorial 
usage,  customary  law.  TBmpat  s. :  accus- 
tomed place,  usual  situation.  S,  malam  :  the 
whole  night. 

This  word  is  often  pronounced  sadiya  kala 
by  a  mistaken  etymology. 

sidagxiri.  A  shrub,  sida  rhombifoUa  :  also 
known  as  sBl^guri  and  china  guri, 

sSdal.  Drying  clothes  on  a  clothes  line 
inside  a  house. 


<i). 


sSdSlinggam.    [Tamil 
milion ;  red-lead. 


sadalinggam.]     Ver- 


^\ 


vy 


fbXM 


sSdan.  A  short  catch  of  the  breath  or  sob. 
Tersidan-sedan  :  hiccoughing  or  sobbing ;  Sh. 
Abd.  Mk.,  140.     Cf.  sSdu. 

sSdu.  Hiccoughing  or  sobbing  ;  short  broken 
sobs.  Badan  pun  kurus  sa4aku  sedu  :  his  body 
was  thin  as  though  he  was  mourning  ;  Sh. 
Sri  Ben.,  52. 
Sedu-sSdu :  continuous  sobbing  ;  Ht.  Sh., 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Tersedu-sedu :  id.,  (the  more 
common  form)  ;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  3  ;  Sh.  Bur. 
Pungg,,  I,  6 ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  11  ;  Sh.  Abd. 
Mk.,  42  ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  91.  Tersedu-sidu- 
wan  :  id.,  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  58. 

Sedu   katak  :    short    quick    breathing    after 
violent  exertion. 

sSduwayah.  A  medicinal  plant  (unidenti- 
fied) the  Balinese  sidawayah. 

sSdeh.  The  desire  to  weep,  mournful  feehngs 
impelling  one  to  weep  ;  sorrow.  Sedeh  hati 
meninggalkan  negeri-nya  :  sad  at  heart  at 
leaving  their  country;  Bint.  Tim.,  13  March, 
1895.  Tiyada  berasa  sebab  terlalu  sedeh-nya  : 
with  feelings  deadened  by  extreme  sorrow; 
Ht.  Abd.,  285.  Tangis  dan  sUeh  :  weeping 
and  the  desire  to  weep;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata,  48. 
Menahani  sedeh :  to  keep  down  the  desire  to 
weep,  to  restrain  one's  feelings  of  sorrow ; 
Ht.  Si  Misk.,  77. 
Tersedeh-sUeh  :  sobbing  (better,  tersedu-sedu); 
Ht.  Si  Misk.,  83. 

^JuM  sedoh.  Menyedoh  :  to  soak,  to  infuse  in  water, 
to  prepare  beverages  such  as  coffee,  tea,  or 
cocoa, 

fcJu*  sudah.  [Skr.  vishuddha?]  Completion,  ac- 
complishment, termination,  fulfilment,  end; 
a  word  used  also  to  express  that  a  thing  is 
over  and  done  with.  Sudah4ah  kitdb  itu  :  the 
book  was  completed;  Ht.  Abd.,  39.  Kalau 
ada  orang  banyak  bekerja  lekas  sudah :  if  many 
work  at  it,  it  will  soon  be  over ;  Ht.  Abd., 
256.  Rumah  sudah  pahat  berbunyi  :  the  house 
is  built  but  the  chisel  is  still  heard;  re-open- 
ing questions  which  have  long  ago  been 
decided;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  137. 
Ptitus  bBnang,  dapat  di-hubong  ; 
Patah  arang,  sudah  sa-kali : 
if  a  thread  is  broken,  the  ends  may  be  tied 
together  again ;  if  a  piece  of  charcoal  is 
broken,  all  is  over,  nothing  can  be  done ; — 
there  are  quarrels  which  can  be  made  up  and 
offences  which  are  beyond  forgiveness;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  147. 
ApaAah  sudah-nya :  how  will  it  all  end  ? 
What  is  this  leading  up  to  ?  What  is  the  use 
of  going  on  like  this  ? 

Sudah4ah :    all   right ;   have   done   with   it ; 
that  is  settled ;  say  no  more  about  it. 


SADIYA 


[    375    ] 


s£rasa 


Sudah  is  also  used  in  some  expressions  with 
the  sense  of  ** after."  Sudah  sa-jam  lama-nya: 
after  an  hour  or  so.  Sudah  itu :  after  that, 
next,  then. 

Sudahkan :  to  treat  as  past  and  over,  to 
recognize  as  done  with,  to  finish  off. 

Tempat   ludah   s^haya  ludahkan, 
Makan   sireh   charek   bercharek ; 

Yang  sudah   sehaya   sudahkan, 
Kita   mengaku   adek   b^radek : 

what  is  finished,  I  will  definitely  finish  off; 
let  us  be  to  each  other  in  future  as  brother 
and  sister;  i.  e.,  let  us  amicably  terminate  this 
connection  of  ours  since  each  has  lost  love  for 
the  other. 

Bersudah  :  to  ha\'e  an  end,  Jangan  b^rsudah : 
never  stop,  do  not  put  an  end  to  the  practice  ; 
Bint.  Tim.,  8  January,  1895. 

Kesuduhan  :  ending,  termination  ;  Ht,  Abd., 
10.  Apa4a]i  kesndahan-nya  :  =  apa-tah  sudah- 
nya;  v.  supra.  The  form  sudahan  also  occurs; 
Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  2. 

^  Menyudahi :  to  put  an  end  to.     Betapa  Ml  aku 

menyudahi  akan  anak  raja-raja  itu  :  how  can  I 
put  an  end  to  those  princes ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata, 
205. 

Penyudah  :  the  winding  up  or  culmination  of 
anything  ;  the  last.  Ini-lah  penyudah  bonda 
susukan  :  this  is  the  last  time  your  mother 
gives  you  suck  ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  78.  Ini-lah 
tuwan  ta^btr  penyudah :  this,  sir,  is  the  last 
interpretation  I  give  you  ;  Sh.  Tab.  Mimp., 
17.  Tuwan •! ah  sa-ora7ig  penyudah  kaseh  :  in 
you  alone  my  love  finds  finality,  t'.  c,  yon  are 
my  dearest  and  will  be  my  last. 

(5J^  sadiya  or  sfidiya.  [Skr.  sadhyaP]  Ready, 
prepared,  in  readiness.  Bekal  belay ar  sudah- 
lah  sediya :  tlie  stores  for  the  journey  were  all 
ready;  Ht.  Abd.,  122. 

Sediyakan :  to  get  ready ;  to  prepare ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  31,  350,  477;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  4.  Per- 
sediyakan:  id.  ;   Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  35,  70,  138. 

In  older  writings  sediya  is  used  in  the  sense 
of  **  former/'  *' ancient,'*  **  original.''  Jangan 
di-ubah  Uidat  yang  sediya  :  don't  alter  ancient 
customs :  Ht.  Koris.  Lalu  iya  memulangkan 
rupa-nya  yang  sediya  itu :  he  then  resumed  his 
original  form ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Tuhan  yang 
sediya  :  God  who  is  from  the  Beginning ;  Ht. 
Isk.  Dz. 

Sediya-kala  :  (i)  former  time;  (2)  regular, 
customary,  wont.  Rupa-nya  sidiya-kala :  his 
regular  form,  or  his  original  form.  Cf. 
sedekala. 

jjiJu-    sfidingin.      A      common      succulent      herb, 
bryophyllum  ca lycinum . 

oSg[Jui    sadikit     or     s§dikit.      A    little;     a     small 
quantity ;  see  dikit. 

j^    sar.     (Onom.)     A  hissing  sound;  the   sound 
of  rushing  wind  or  rushing  water. 


j^    sSr,     Eng.     Sir,  as  a  prefix  to  the  names  of 
knights. 


j^    sir.     I.     (Onom.)      A    hissing    sound,   some- 
what sharper  than  that  described  by  sar,  q.  v. 

n.  An  aiming-post  in  some  games;  KL, 
Pijn.,  V.  d.  W. 

HI.  Arab.  Secret.  Di-dalam  sinCUkalab : 
in  the  secret  depths  of  his  heart. 

IV.  Lust;  the  promptings  of  lust ;  lascivi- 
ous feelings.  5.  berahi :  id.  Tiyada-lah  iya 
sir  kapada  perenipuwan  itu :  he  had  no  desire 
for  the  woman ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  The  word 
is  common  in  formulae  for  use  with  love- 
philtres. 

j-M*    SUr.     (Onom.)     A  hissing  sound  rather  duller 
than  that  expressed  by  sar,  q.  v. 


\ 


IT 


s6ra.  I.  Hasty  and  confused  motion; 
running  wildly  here  and  there.  Tersera-sera  : 
id.,  frequentative;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  45;  Sh. 
A.  R.  S.  J.,  13;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  28. 

II.  Brightening  up  ;  =  sm?  Tersira;  lit 
up,  brightened.  Kelihafan  muka-nya  tersera- 
lah  saperti  bulan  penoh  pirnama  paras-nya  :  his 
face  was  looking  radiant,  in  beauty  like  the 
full  moon ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Also  of  the  look  of 
Seri  Panji;  Ht.  Sh. 

III.  A  midge;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  88. 

serabut.  Shaggy,  fibrous  in  the  exterior  or 
edge ;  in  shreds,  of  the  border  of  an  old  mat 
or  carpet ;  coarse,  ragged,  of  a  fibrous  body 
such  as  a  coco-nut  husk ;  oozing  out,  of  the 
contents  of  an  over-full  receptacle.    Cf.  sabut. 


(3W*«    s6rabai.     A  kind  of  cake  made  of  flour  and 


coco-nut  milk. 


ju\j^    Sdratong.     (Johor.)     A  small  tree  with  showy 
^  white  flowers,  taberncemontana  corymbosa. 

S,  padi :  (Johor)  a  shrub,  ixora pendula, 
i\\f^    sarati.     [Skr.   sdrathi.]     An  elephant-driver ; 


a  mahout 


-i\         surati.      The   adjective   of  Surat,  a   town    in 


"^Ssj^ 


Western  India  ;  v.  \i\jy^  . 

sSradong.  Hooking  one's  ankle  in  any- 
thing, as  when  a  man  is  walking  through 
the  jungle  and  gets  caught  in  a  traihng 
liana.  Tersiradong  kaki-nya  sadikit  maka 
lalu  jatoh :  his  foot  got  caught  somewhat  and 
he  fell ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.     Also  s^randong. 


J\t^    sSrasa.     A  name   sometimes  given  to  sireh; 
^^      KL,  v.  d.  W.,  Pijn. 


SiRASAH 


[    376    ] 


S&BBAT 


<^jm  sSrasah.  I.  Rubbish,  dung,  manure,  filth ; 
Ht.  Hamz.,  99. 

II.  A   black   compound    for    staining  the 
teeth. 

III.  Pers.    A   species  of  linen  or   cotton 
cloth  from  the  Coromandel  Coast. 

^2^    S3rasi.     Hitting  it  off,  suitable  ;  v.  mhd. 

)^j^    sirSit.     Arab.     Way,  road,  street. 

^^^jm  sarangan.  Jav.  A  generic  name  for  the 
trees  better  known  to  Malays  as  Mrangan, 
q.  V, 

^\j***  sSrapeh.  To  have  a  piece  torn  off  or 
scratched  off;  to  be  grazed  or  injured  by 
friction.  Maha  iya-pun  luka-lah  kina  sirapeh 
batu  iiu  :  he  was  wounded,  being  scraped  by 
the  stone ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 


^ir**  S6rapah.  [Skr.  shapa.]  A  curse,  an  impre- 
cation. Stimpah  sirapah :  id.,  Ht.  Best.,  Ht. 
Koris. 


^. 


^    Sdraga.     Bantal  seraga: 
State  cushion. 


a  flat,   square-sided 


^\^  sSrama.  [Skr.  shrama?]  In  time,  in 
measure.  Gendang  s. :  a  peculiar  drum  one 
side  of  which  is  beaten  with  a  stick  and  the 
other  with  the  hand. 

Menyerama :  to  keep  time.  Masing  masing 
pun  mhnbuwangkan  shtjata-nya  minyBrama : 
they  all  cast  their  weapons  in  unison  ;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah. 


oir- 


a;\, 


S3rana.  I.  [Skr.  charana?]  Fashion, 
style,  beautiful  effect.  Sa-paras,  sama  serana  : 
one  in  beauty,  similar  in  style;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

XL  Pining  away.  Pagi  pBtang  dudok  menyB- 
rana:  sitting  pining  day  and  night;  Sh. 
Kumb.  Chumb.,  22.  Lentah-lah  badan  'akal 
pun  serana  :  with  weakening  body  and  fading 
mind  ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.     Cf.  also  rana. 

Sdranah«  Curse,  cursing ;  the  imprecation  of 
curses.  Lambat  bekBrja  khia  seranah  :  to  work 
slowly  and  incur  abuse ;  Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  26. 
Sorak  s. ;  wild  cheering;  Hi.  Isk.  Dz. 
Sumpah  s. :  cursing  and  swearing;  Ht.  Best. ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  12. 


j\^   sfirani.     [Arab.  Ji^  .] 
tian ;    a    name    usually 
Catholics    and    Portuguese.    Igama   s,:    the 
Catholic  religion.     Orang  s. :  a  Catholic ;  a 
Eurasian. 


A  Nazarene  Chris- 
given     to     Roman 


KBmBnnyen  s. 
of  the  rtikam, 

Rumput     s.  ; 
cernuum. 


(Kedah)  a  name  for  the  gutta 
the     club-moss,      lycopoditmi 


^j^    s3rawa.     A    kind  of  fritter  made  of  banana 
strips  and  flour. 


^j\^    sSrawas.     A  plant,  fagraa 
^yj*^    sSrawak.     Sarawak. 


racemosa. 


(jyj^    s6rawan.     A  complaint   something  like  sprue 
in  children.     Pokok  s. :  a  plant,  erycibe  sp. 

Akar  s.  ;  a  plant,  roncheria  griffithii, 

S.  kubang :  a  little  white  flowered  herb, 
ebermacira  setigera, 

^\^  sSrahi.  [Arab.  i^W  .]  A  wine  bottle,  a 
decanter  or  flagon;  a  receptacle  for  sireh, 
S.  kacha  puteh  :  a  flagon  of  plain  glass ;  Ht. 
Sri  Rama.  See  also  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  224; 
Marsd.  Gn,  210;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.;  Ht.  Ind. 
Nata. 

iS)/^  sSraya.  I.  With,  while,  along  with,  during. 
Berkata  seraya  iersennymn  :  to  say  with  a  smile. 
Raja-raja  senrnwa-nya  siijM  seraya  memelok 
kakt  baginda :  the  princes  bowed  low  and 
embraced  the  king's  feet;  Marsd. 

II.  A  generic  name  for  a  number  of  trees 
belonging  to  the  genera  shorea  and  hopea. 
These  trees  yield  a  timber  much  used  in 
furniture  making. 

III.  [Skr.  ashraya.]  Appealing  or  call- 
ing for  help ;  asking  for  or  commanding 
assistance.  Tiyada  lagi  si-apa  di-seraya  :  there 
is  no  one  else  of  whom  help  may  be  asked ; 
Sh.  Bid.,  III. 

^5^^  SUraya.  [Skr,  surya,]  Bintang  snraya  :  the 
Sun;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  12. 


^rir* 


%200>jj^ 


Sgrba.  [Skr.  sarwa,  all,  complete.]  All,  of 
all  sorts,  various,  all  kinds  of.  Serba  bangsa  : 
all  sorts  of  races ;  Ht.  Abd.,  11.  Serba  burok  : 
all  sorts  of  rags;  Sej.  Mai.,  133.  Sirba 
merah:  all  shades  of  red;  Ht.  Abd.,  113. 
Serba  sadikit :  some  small  smattering  of,  some 
proficiency  in ;  Ht.  Abd.,  20. 

Serba  neka,  sirba  nega,  serba  serbiy  and  sirbas- 
serbi :  all  kinds  and  sorts  of,  a  frequentative 
of  sBrba, 

Serba  salah  :  puzzled,  in  doubt,  on  the  horns 
of  a  dilemma ;  Ht.  Abd.,  43,  198,  403,  405. 

Sdrbat.       [Arab.     ^Z-  .]       A   cooling   drink, 

sherbet ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. ;  Ht.   Ind.,  Meng. ; 
Ht.  Kal,  Dam.,  234. 

Nobat  b^rbunyi  dinihari, 

Akan  phtgulit  Maharaja   Peri; 
Serbat  di-minum   bukan-nya  khiyali, 
Sa-hingga  phignbat  hati  bh^ahi : 
this  drink,  if  you  take  it,  will  not  the  more 
inflame  you,  but  will  even  prove  a  medicine 
for  a  heart  inflamed  with  love;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 


s£rbet 


[    377    ] 


SARTAN 


C-%j^  sSrbet.  [  Dutch  serveL  ]  A  serviette,  a 
napkin.  The  word  is  known  at  Riau  but 
not  in  the  Straits. 


{J^J^  sSrbas.  Serbas-s^rbi :  (Kedah)  all  sorts  and 
conditions  of, — a  variant  of  serba  s^rU ;  v. 
^erba. 


^j^    sSrgbok  or  sSrbok.     Powder,  dust,  very  fine 

powder.  This  word  is  used  especially  in  the 
sense  of  a  thing  being  crushed  to  the  smallest 
of  atoms.  Jadi  serebok  sakaliyan-nya :  they 
were  all  crushed  to  atoms;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 
S.  kikir  :  the  filings  in  a  brazier's  work. 

See  also  abok,  rabok,  abu^  etc. 


Oij^  Sfirban.  I.  [Pers.  sarband.]  A  turban ; 
Kam.  Kech.,  ii;  Ht.  Abd.,  113.  Taroh  pada 
sBrban:  to  wear  in  the  turban;  Muj.,  38. 
Mernakai  s,  :  to  put  on  a  turban ;  Sh.  Pr. 
Ach.,  15.  Serbankan :  to  wear  (a  cloth) 
wrapped  round  the  head  like  a  turban ;  Sh. 
Ul.,  32.  Beserban  :  to  have  a  turban  on  ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  62. 

n.     Numbed,  insensible;  loss  of  perception 
of  pain. 


yi/^  sSrbu  or  s6rSbu.  Impetuous  onslaught, 
dashing  forward,  charging.  Serbuwi :  to 
attack,  to  storm;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  no. 

Menyerbukan  dirt :  to  throw  oneself  impetu- 
ously against  the  enemy's  ranks ;  to  charge. 
SUmasama  iya  menyerbukan  diri-nya  di-dalam 
rayat  jin:  they  hurled  themselves  together 
against  the  ranks  of  the  evil  spirits ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya. 

^J^  sSrbah.  Serbah-serbeh :  shaking  out  the 
sarong,  holding  it  out  fan-wise  and  shaking 
it. 


w-^/^ 


\m^j^ 


sSrbeh.     See  serbah. 


sSrbi.  Serba-serbi :  (Riau,  Johor)  a  frequenta- 
tive variant  of  sirba,  q.  v.;  all  sorts  and 
conditions  of,  all  kinds  of;  Ht.  Abd,,  216; 
Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  2.     Also  (Kedah)  serbas-serbi. 


S6rta.  [Skr.  sartha,]  With,  together  with, 
accompanying,  while,  as,  and.  Rajm  scrta 
usaha  :  diligent  and  industrious.  Sirta  dikat 
salam  di-beri :  as  he  approached,  he  bowed ; 
Sh.  I.  M.  P.,  19,  Serta  di'lihat-uya  nakhoda 
itu  maka  kata-nya  :  when  he  saw  the  captain 
he  said;  Ht.  Abd.,  44. 

Serta-merta  :  immediately,  on  the  spot ;  Sh. 
K.  G.  T.,  3. 

Beserta  :  along  with,  together  with,  in  com- 
pany with.     B.  dingan :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  125. 

MenyMai :  to  co-operate  with ;  to  join  with  ; 
to  assist ;  Ht.  Abd.,  6,  129,  438,  460 ;  Sej. 
MaL,  103. 


j\3^ 


^J- 


o-V 


f^-T* 


ft>3MA/ 


sSrat.  I.  Jammed  in  an  opening  or  inters- 
tice, held  fast,     Cf.  vai  and  jevaU 

n.     (Kedah.)     At  once,  immediately,  with- 
out delay. 

s6ret.     Combing  out. 

sSrot  or  s6rut.  I.  (Onom.)  A  scraping 
sound. 

n.     Motion  rearwards,  retreat,  giving  way. 

S6r6tup.  Closing,  shutting;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
116. 

S^xja.     A  woollen  cloth  of  some  sort ;  serge  ? 

sSljan.     Eng.     Sergeant ;  J.  I.  A.,  I.,  82. 

S6rdadu.  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  soldier,  [Port. 
^oldado^  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  19 ;  Sh.  Lamp,,  9 ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Also  %oldadn,  and  (Kedah) 
^Iri  dadu. 

sardS.r.  Pers.  A  commander-in-chief,  a 
Sirdar. 

S^rSdang.  A  tail  fan-palm ;  livistona  cochin- 
chinmsis, 

sSr€dak.     Very  fine  dust  such  as  collects  on 

furniture  which  is  not  frequently  dusted ;  the 
dust  into  which  neglected  articles  crumble. 

Layang'layang  bersarang  di-guwa, 
Mart  di'cholek  dengan  peradak ; 

Kaseh  tidak  ambil  petuwa 
Lama-lama  jadi  seredak : 

love  that  refuses  to  hearken  to  wise  counsels 
sooner  or  later  will  turn  into  dirt. 

S^rSdam.  A  native  flute  or  fife  of  bamboo; 
Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  74;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  6;  Cr.  Hist. 
Ind.  Arch.,  L,  334. 

sSrSdeh.  '  Teseredeh :  projecting  of  the 
stomach  or  chest  when  a  man  sits  loosely 
down  and  does  not  hold  himself  stiffly  erect. 

Sardi.  [  Pers.  and  Hind.  ]  A  cold  in  the 
head ;  (in  horses)  glanders. 

SUrdi.  Grinding  down,  filing  down ;  Sh. 
Pant.  Shi.,  10.     Better  serodi,  q.  v. 

Sarsar.  Confusion  of  mind;  muddled,  dazed; 
V.  sasar, 

sSrSsah.  Rubbish,  dung,  manure,  filth.  Also 
s^rasah. 

sartSjl.  Arab.  The  sign  Cancer  in  the 
Zodiac. 


S&BANG 


[     378    ] 


S&BAK 


tr 


i3^^*v*" 


^ 


^ 


.j^ 


^j~ 


or  petty  officer  on  a  ship ; 


Strang.  L  Onslaught,  assault,  attack, 
charging.  S.  raja  Kera :  the  onslaught  of 
the  Monkey  King;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Di-nanti- 
nanti-nya  serang  langgar  giroda  itti :  they 
awaited  the  attack  of  the  Garuda ;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah. 

Keserang'Serangan :  charging  on  both  sides, 
a  mel6e ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 

Meny^rang :  to  attack.  Datang4ah  todak 
menyerang  Singapura :  the  saw-fish  came  to 
attack  Singapore;  Sej.  Mai.,  82. 

n.     A  *'  serang 
Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  20. 

in.  Wavy  and  deceptive  of  colouring; 
changing  hue  according  to  the  state  of  the 
light.     Serang-mhiyerang :  id. 

sSring.  I.  Stiff,  of  woven  or  twisted  stuff; 
stiffly  interwoven  of  silk  thread;  stiff  of  paper. 

II.  The  feeling  that  one's  hair  is  standing 
on  end;  a  peculiar  rush  of  feeling  through  a 
startled  person,  ceiusing  **goose-flesh.''  Sering 
seram :  id.,  intensified. 

III.  The  humming  of  a  bee  or  insect. 
Sering-lah  teriyak  segala  yang  penakut  saperti 
riyang-riyang :  the  cries  of  all  the  cowards 
hummed  like  the  sound  of  the  cicadas ;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah. 

Anak   China  memotong  kayu, 
Anak   Keling   berjuwal   ragi ; 

Sehaya  empama   banga  yang  layu, 
Kumhang  tiyada   bersering  lagi  : 

I  am  like  a  faded  flower  round  which  the  bees 
will  hum  no  more. 

IV.  Tali  sering :  (Kedah)  a  string  used  in 
spinning  a  top. 

V.  [Jav.  asring,]  Siring  kali:  occasionally, 
frequently. 

sSrangkak.  A  girdle  of  thorns  put  round  the 
trunk  of  a  tree  to  prevent  thieves  climbing  it. 


^^j^    sSrangga.     L     [Skr.  $aranggu,]     An  insect, 
a  bee. 

II.  (Kawi.)     The  peak  or  horn  of  a  moun- 
tain.    Cf.  cheranggah,  etc, 

III.  Jav.     A  musical  instrument,  Ht.  Koris. 
Also  (Kedah)  serangga  mangi. 

IV.  The  name  of  a  tree  (unidentified). 

sSrengga.  [Kawi?]  Rawi  serengga:  ** sun- 
beam," a  name  sometimes  given  in  romances 
to  Panji  to  match  that  of  his  betrothed, 
Chandra-kirana,  or  *'Light  of  the  Moon.** 

sSranggong.  Menyiranggong :  to  sit  with 
one's  elbows  on  a  table  or  to  lean  over  a  table 
while  resting  one's  elbows  on  it;  to  squat 
with  one's  knees  sticking  out.     Cf.  ranggoug. 


vS^p^ 


JbS- 


'r^ 


f-j^ 


t^f*M 


u 


'-r- 


4.9 


7jMWtf 


ilr- 


or- 


sSronggong.    Cross-beams  used  in  tin-mining. 

sSranggoh.  Menyeranggoh  :  to  sit  with  one's 
chin  resting  one's  hands  and  one's  elbows 
wide  apart ;  (sometimes)  to  stand  with  one's 
hands  resting  on  one's  knees ;  also  (in  this 
latter  sense)  tongkat  lutut, 

Sfirgngam.  Excess  of  anything  usually  found 
in  small  quantities  and  objectionable  when 
found  in  larger ;  excess  of  hair  all  over  the 
body  or  in  the  nostrils ;  an  excessive  amount 
of  ants  in  sugar.  Makan  s, :  gluttony,  un- 
mannerly haste  in  eating.  Bersirengam  : 
hairy,  of  a  man. 

serap.  x\bsorption,  sponging  up.  Makan  s.  : 
to  ** sponge"  upon  a  person  for  meals.  S.  da- 
mat :  to  put  raw  silk  into  an  inkstand. 
Einbnn  di-serap  panas  :  dew  absorbed  by  heat ; 
Ht.  Sh. 

sSrepa  or  seipa.  Blessing ;  a  benediction  or 
expression  of  goodwill.  Dengan  berkat  serepa 
isteri  zdhtd :  by  virtue  of  the  blessing  invoked 
by  the  hermit's  wife ;  Ht.  Best.  Sirepai :  to 
bless ;  Ht.  Best. 

s6rdpeh.  Chipping,  breaking  off  a  piece 
from  the  main  body  :  mengata  ka-dulang  paku 
serepeh  :  the  chipped  nail  abuses  the  tray  (for 
being  chipped) ;  the  pot  called  the  kettle 
black ;  a  proverbial  equivalent  for  its  rhyming 
explanation :  mengata  ka-orang  sendiri  yang 
lebeh :  to  abuse  others  for  what  one  possesses 
in  greater  measure  oneself. 

Kalau  tiiwan  menebang  jati, 
Biyar  serepeh,   ttnnbang  jangan; 

Kalau  tnwan  menchari  ganti 
Biyar   lebeh,    korang  jangan : 

if  you,  sir,  are  felling  a  teak-tree,  lop  it  in 
strips,  do  not  let  it  fall  in  a  mass ;  if  you  wish 
to  effect  an  exchange,  exchange  for  more  but 
never  for  less ;  Prov, 

Also  serepai, 

s3rSpai.  Chipping,  lopping  off;  a  chip. 
Patahan  serepai-serepai  kayu  itu :  the  lopped- 
off  fragments  of  the  tree;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

sSrak.     I.     Mixed  phlegm  and  saHva  in  the 

throat  and  chest ;  the  effects  of  a  bad  cold ; 
hoarseness.  Serak4ah  sudah  suwara  *abdi : 
the  voices  of  the  slaves  became  hoarse ;  Ht. 
Sh.  Orang  tertawa  pun  sampai  serak-serak : 
men  laughed  till  they  were  hoarse;  J.  I.  A., 
(1847).  Bcrteriyak'teriyak  sampai-lah  serak : 
shouting  till  they  became  hoarse;  Sh,  Sing. 
Terb.,  34, 

Burong  serak :  a  bird  with  a  hoarse  harsh 
cry  ;  a  kind  of  owl ;  Kl. 

II.  A  little  loose,  of  a  fastening  or  winding, 

III.  Serok-sirak :  (Onom.)  A  sound  of 
cracking  tree-branches  in  primeval  jungle; 
V.  slrok.     Serak'Serek  :  v.  serek. 


SEjREjK 


[    379    ] 


s£ram 


^j^    sSrek.     I.     To  be  frightened  off;  to  give  up 

a  bad  or  risky  practice  in  consequence  of 
fright  or  warning.  Ta^-akan  serek  luka  makan 
di'tajak  esok  ka-bendang  juga  kita :  we  must 
not  be  frightened  away  by  wounds  from  the 
scythe,  we  must  go  to  the  padi-Helds  just  the 
same  to-morrow;  the  dangers  attendant  on 
earning  a  liveHhood  cannot  frighten  us  away 
from  earning  one;  Prov.,  see  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I., 
96.  Siipaya  serek  yang  lain :  that  the  others 
may  be  frightened  off;  Ht.  Best. 

II.  (Onom.)  A  sharp  cracking  sound. 
Serak-serek :  the  noise  made  by  the  cracking 
of  the  joints  of  the  ankle  or  thumb. 

III.  (Kedah.)  The  stick  on  which  a  fish- 
ing hne  is  wound. 

^JJ^    s6rok.     I.     A  measure  of  capacity  represent- 
ing about  ten  gantang. 

11.  (Onom.)  A  cracking  sound,  duller 
than  serak  or  serek.  Serok-serak :  repeated 
crackling  noises  of  varying  intensity,  e.  g., 
heard  either  in  the  jungle  when  branches 
crack  and  fall  under  the  force  of  the  wind  or 
when  a  number  of  people  are  cutting  their 
way  through  the  forest. 

Tengah   malani   anjing   menyalak, 
Serok-serak  di-dalam  htUan ; 

Sudah   tinggal   kelopak   salak, 
Sa-saga   barang   tidak   di-badan : 

at  midnight,  the  dogs  bark  and  cracking 
noises  are  heard  in  the  jungle. 

HI.  Makan  serok :  (Kedah)  to  eat  insuffi- 
cient food,  to  rise  somewhat  hungry  from  a 
meal. 


u^, 


i^^   s^rdkai.    Rin 


d. 


'j^    Serdkap.      A    cup-shaped     fish- trap   or    hen-   \ 
coop.     This  trap  has  a  handle  to  it  and   is  \ 
used  in  very  shallow  water,  being  thrust  down   ; 
over  a  fish  to  prevent  it  escaping.     As  a  coop 
it  is  placed  over  fowls  which  cannot  escape 
from    it    until   it   is  lifted    up.     Tiyada  dapat  \ 
Bakiiwali  ini  di-serekup  dengan  serekap  jarang  : 
you  won't   catch  this  girl,  Bakuwali,  with  a 
trap  that  has  interstices  (she  will  always  find 
a  loop-hole  for  escape) ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  98. 

\_iS  tivf  S§r6kup.  Catching  under  a  domed  or  cup- 
shaped  surface;  catching  under  a  serekap, 
q.  V. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  98. 

*6^^  Sfirfikah.  Split  apart,  of  things  naturally 
united ;  torn  away,  of  a  bough  of  a  tree  or 
any  similar  object,  when  not  entirely  dis- 
united from  its  parent  body. 


t6r6kai.     Rinsing  out,  wringing  out,  squeez- 
ing the  liquid  out  of  anything. 


^j^    Sgrggut.       I.       (Kedah.)       Hasty,      hurried, 
rough, 

Kerja  seregut  jangan  di-gagah^ 
Sesal-nya   tidak   dapat  fd'tdah; 
*Adat  dimya   telah  sudah y 
Sa-orang   makan   nangka,   sa-orang 

kena  getah: 
do  not  hurry  on  work  that  is  being  done 
hurriedly,  you  will  only  regret  that  you  get 
no  profit  out  of  it;  the  way  of  the  world 
has  always  been  that  one  man  eats  the  jack- 
fruit  and  another  gets  smeared  with  its  sap ; 
Prov. 


^ 


II.     A  game  played  by  children. 


^^  sSrggap.  Menyeregap :  to  attack  suddenly 
and  unexpectedly ;  to  surprise  by  a  sudden 
onslaught. 

rJ^  sSrggam.  Standing  out,  in  rehef,  conspicu- 
ous. This  word  is  only  used  of  an  object 
being  conspicuous  among  others  of  nearly 
similar  appearance  or  colour,  e.  g.,  of  a  black 
cloud  against  a  gloomy  sky. 

^J^  Serfigah.  Menyeregah  :  to  startle  any  one 
with  a  sudden  sound  or  movement ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng. 

uJ^  sSruI.  Loose,  not  sticking  together,  (of 
grains  of  boiled  rice). 

^J^  Sgrglang  or  sSrgling.  A  pit-fall,  a  trap  on 
the  principle  of  the  pit-fall.  Kelak  tcnnasok 
di'dalam  s^reling :  he  perhaps  will  fall  into 
the  trap;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  17.  S^relang  in 
Kedah ;  sereling  in  Riau  and  Johor, 

//**»  sSrglum.  (Kedah.)  Slipping  bracelets  over 
one's  hands  on  to  one's  wrists ;  putting  on  a 
coat  from  below  and  thrusting  one's  arms 
into  the  sleeves ;  slipping  into  a  sarong  by 
holding  it  over  one's  head  and  .dropping  its 
folds  round  one^  in  contradistinction  to 
stepping  into  it  (sarok). 

yj^  sSrSlah.  White,  glowing  white.  Bulan  pan 
terhit  teserelah  sapMi  ntuka  per^mpuwan  yang 
baik  paras  :  the  moon  rose  glowing  white  like 
the  face  of  a  lovely  woman.  ^ 

fj^    sgram.     To   stand   on    end,  of  the  hair;   to 
*  stiffen,  of  the  muscles;  to  thrill,  of  the  skin; 

— usually  as  the  result  of  fear.  Di-tengkok 
hamba  pirn  seram  rasa-nya  :  my  neck  feels  stiff; 
Ht.  Gh.  Terlalu  seram  rasa-nya  hulu  roma-ku 
tengkok'ku  ini:  my  hair  and  neck  are  quite 
stiff  (with  fright) ;  Ht.  Koris. 


»j^  SOrga  or  surga.  [Skr.  swarga.]  The  heaven 
of  Indra;  heaven  generally;  the  abode  of  the 
blessed.     Also  shnrga. 


I  Cf.  also  the  pantun  . 

Sirelah  puteh  bulan   temng, 

PHdehar  h^rgUat  thnenggong  jahsa; 
Apa  nak  salah  mata  m^mandang? 

Baku  yang  mlnanggong  mhiimpa  rasa. 


SiEMANGIN 


[    380    ] 


s£randang 


Stii  bBrkata :  jangan  ka-ntari, 

Tenghok  seram  bulu  romu  bh'diri : 
the  lady  said:  don't  approach  me;  my  neck 
is  stiff  (with  fear  of  you),  my  hair  is  standing 
on  end;  Sh.  Peng.,  5. 

SMng'Seram :  very  stiff,  a  wave  of  thrilling 
sensation  passing  over  the  skin. 

Berseram:  to  cause  the  mane  and  tail  to 
stand  out ;  to  arch  its  tail,  of  a  horse ;  Ht. 
Ism,  Yat.,  115. 


cAt 


*r«    S6rmangin.     A    musical    instrument;    Kl. 
(Kedah)  s^rangga  mangi. 


^j-^    sSrombong.     A  funnel,  a  hollow  cylinder. 
Pahat  s. ;  a  round  chisel. 

•, 

"j*^  sSrSmbap.  Projecting  forward  at  the  breast; 
the  attitude  of  a  man  who  leans  forward 
slightly  when  walking  instead  of  holding 
himself  erect. 


Oyj^    sfirfimban.     L     A  game  played  by  children. 

II.  The  name  of  the  seat  of  Government 
of  the  Negri  Sembilan ;  the  capital  of  Sungei 
Ujong. 

III.  Wearing  a  sarmg  or  waist-cloth  of 
any  sort  high  in  front  and  low  at  the  sides, 
so  as  to  cover  the  breasts  but  not  the 
shoulder-blades. 


Lfttr- 


S3rambi.  An  outer  gallery  or  verandah  in  a 
native  house ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. ; 
Sh.  UK,  19. 

S.  jatoh :  this  verandah  when  its  floor  is  on 
a  lower  level  than  the  floor  of  the  rest  of  the 
house. 

Pintu  s, :  the  door  connecting  this  verandah 
with  the  central  portion  of  the  house. 

Tiyang  s.  jatoh  :  the  outer  pillars  upon  which 
the  serambi  jatoh  rests. 


*AA^    s6rampang.      A   trident   for    spearing  fish; 
^  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  90. 


J*V^ 


Sdrdmpak.     L     Hasty  and   ill-considered  of 
work ;  undertaken  without  sufficient  thought 
and  carried  out  without  sufficient  care. 
hi  beras  dalam  cheper, 

Jangan  isi  dalam  chepu; 
Kalati  tidak  habis  pikir 
Khja  s^rcmpak  kena  iipti : 
if  you  do  not  give  full  consideration  to  what 
you  buy,  you  will   be  taken   in  with   hasty 
and  bad  work. 

II.     AHke ;  equally  suitable  for ;  in  harmony 
or  similarity  with ;  see  rBmpak, 


•  f 


^J^j**»    s6r6mpok.     Broken    pottery    in    heaps    or 
quantities. 


C^j^    sSrampin.     I.    The  pith  of  the  sago-palm. 

II.      Pokok     sBrampin:      (Kedah)     a     tree,^ 
unidentified. 


jAJ^j^ 


Sdr^mpu.  A  long  narrow  log  roughly  hewn 
into  the  shape  of  a  boat  and  affixed  to  the 
bottom  of  a  sampan,  in  contradistinction  to 
a  regular  keel  (hmas)  which  is  affixed  to  a 
tongkangy  SLperahu,  or  to  a  European  boat. 

Jalor  s. :  an  almost  flat  simple  dug-out. 


<*r-   surmah. 


Pers.     A  collyrium  made  of  anti- 
mony or  ore  of  lead. 


U;-A»    sdrdna.     (Penang.)     Cursing,  the  imprecation 
of  curses ;  a  variant  of  serenah,  q.  v. 


JjntM 


sZf^J^ 


S6ranta.  Advertising  a  fact,  publicly  notify- 
ing anything;  letting  people  know; — used 
especially  of  a  man  letting  the  people  of  his 
village  know  that  he  intends  to  kill  a  buffalo 
and  is  willing  to  sell  its  flesh. 

sSr6nta.     With,   along  with,  simultaneously 
with ;  a  variant  of  ^Irtay  q. 
occurs  in  Java  only. 


V.     This  variant 


Cx^j^  sSruntun.  Akar  semntun  :  a  medicinal  plant 
(lepidagathis  longifolia?);  also  called  akar 
putarwali. 

Cr^J^    siranjana.    Payong  siranjana:  a   State   um- 
brella, used  (in  Kedah)  by  the  Raja  Muda. 

iiji^    Sfirfinjang.     Standing  straight  up,  of  a  pole 
^  or  mast ;  not  inclining  to  any  side ;  perfectly 

perpendicular. 


ffj- 


sSrunjong.     I.     A  wooden  lance;  Kl. 

II.  Menyenmjong :  (Kedah)  to  clutch  at 
anything  towards  which  one  has  to  leap ;  to 
clutch,  e,  g,,  at  boughs  which  are  out  of  reach 
except  by  leaping. 


w^JJ^  sSrandib  or  sSrgndib.  [Pers.  sarandib,] 
Ceylon;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  116;  Adam's  Peak 
in  Ceylon. 

Also  (in  the  first  sense)  pulau  selan. 

vL»Jj^  sSrindit.  A  small  green  parrokeet;  psittaciis 
galgulas;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ;  Sh.  Raj.  Haji;  Sh. 
Ungg.  Bers.,  6 ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  28. 

Q^j^  sSrandang.  I.  A  prop  formed  by  two 
sticks  fastened  to  one  another  near  one 
extremity  but  having  their  other  extremities 
wide  apart ;  a  sort  of  trestle. 

II.    The  name  of  a  tree,  unidentified. 


s£:randong 


[  381  ] 


SERONOK 


sSrandong.  L  (Riau,  Johor.)  Tripping  or 
stumbling  over ;  getting  one's  foot  caught  in 
a  liana  or  hole  and  so  stumbling;  Ht.  Abd., 
79;  Sej.   Mai.,  45;  J,  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  45.     Cf. 

sandong, 

IL  Ikan  serandong :  (Kedah)  a  fresh-water 
fish  (unidentified).  It  is  something  Mke  the 
sHangat, 

sSrendeng.  Heeling  over  on  one  side,  of  a 
boat ;  leaning  to  one  side,  of  a  basket.  Cf. 
sendeng, 

sSrunding.  L  A  Javanese  dish  made  of 
finely  ground  coco-nut  and  other  minor 
ingredients. 


ft«^JftNWM 


iS^j^ 


3J^ 


3J^ 


II.      Akar    serunding : 
(dioscorea  Imirifolia  ?) 


a    creeping    plant, 


sSrSndah.  A  name  given  to  a  special  variety 
of  banana  and  to  a  special  variety  of  padi. 
Probably  from  rendah,  low  in  height. 

sgrindai.  I.  An  evil  spirit,  believed  (Kedah) 
to  haunt  the  deeper  and  broader  reaches  of 
rivers.  According  to  Dutch  authorities,  a 
ghost  attacking  women  in  labour. 

IL     Animated,  of  the  voice;   KL,  v.  d.  W. ; 
Pijn. 

sSrSnap.     The  name  of  a  bird  (unidentified). 

sar^.     Arab.     The  cypress-tree. 

sSrau.  L  Opened  out,  net-like,  celluloid, 
of  textile  material ;  celluloid  tissue  in  bones 
or  in  the  horns  of  a  deer. 


IL     Noisy,    creating    a 
extension)  accursed. 


serati . 


disturbance ;     (by 
plant,     parameria 


III.      Akar 
glandulifera, 

S.  Hpis :  a  shrub  with  white  flowers,  pavetta 
indica, 

Sfiru.  I.  Exclamation,  calling  out  or  shout- 
ing out,  crying  out  to,  appealing  to,  calling 
for.  Maka  ielinga  Amir  Husain  di-seru 
buginda  rasul  Allah  dengan  bang :  the  Prophet 
of  God  shouted  out  the  call  to  prayer  in  the 
ear  of  Amir  Husain;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  77. 

Berseru :  to  call  out  loudly ;  Ht.  Abd.,  294, 
455.  BerserU'Seni :  to  keep  shouting,  to  utter 
many  cries;  Sej.  Mai.,  106.  Bersenikan :  to 
call  out  to,  to  loudly  invoke ;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J., 
10.  Berseru-serukan :  to  keep  invoking  with 
loud  cries;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  12.  Naga  berseru: 
see  naga. 

Mhtyeru:  to  cry  out ;  Sh.  Jub.  Mai.,  9;  Sh. 
Ibl.,  5. 

Meny^rukan :  to  invoke  loudly ;  Sh.  Sg. 
Kanch.,  20.  Menyeru-nyerukan :  to  invoke 
loudly  and  continually;  Ht,  Ind.  Jaya. 


^J^ 


1 1.  [Skr.  sarwa,]  All.  Yang  mHjadikan 
seru  sakaliyan  'dlam :  who  created  all  the 
worlds;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz.  Tuhan  seru  samista 
sakaliyan  :^  God  of  all;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  137. 
The  reading  sarwa  would  be  more  correct 
etymologically,  but  sent  is  universal.  The 
word  serba  is  a  variant  of  this. 


sarwa.     See  sem  1 1. 


sarwal.  Arab.  Trowsers;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  78.  The 
form  sehiwar  is  more  commonly  met  with 
colloquially. 


sSrobeh.  Dishevelled,  of  the  hair;  dis- 
arranged or  disorderly,  of  clothing; — used 
especially  to  describe  the  appearance  of  a 
lunatic,  Mak  s. :  a  nickname  for  eccentric 
or  half-witted  old  women. 


sJL>^j^    Seruwit.     A  kind  of  harpoon   with  a  single 


J. 


X^ 


y^j^ 


li^j^ 


j^j^ 


iS^^j^ 


barb 


s6roja.  [Skr.  saroja,]  The  lotus,  nelumbium 
speciosum.  The  native  word  teratai  is  more 
commonly  met  with  in  this  sense  in  collo- 
quial language,  seroja  being  somewhat  high 
flown.  Seroja  biru  di-dalarn  taman  Betara 
Guru :  the  blue  lotus  in  the  garden  of  Siva ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Mengapa,  weft!  malah  ktmtum 
seroja  :  how  comes  it,  alas  !  that  the  lotus -bud 
is  withered ;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  8.  The  word 
also  occurs:  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  114;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  79;  Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  Sh. 
Bur.  Pungg.,  4. 

The  word  is  also  used  descriptively  of  a 
peculiar  garment  (baju  s.)  and  of  a  betel -nut 
tray. 

sSroda.  A  belt  of  thorns  put  round  a  tree  to 
prevent  fruit-thieves  from  climbing  it.  Saperti 
memanjat  terkena  seroda :  like  climbing  a  tree 
and  getting  caught  in  the  thorns  ;  undertaking 
a  thing  and  then  finding  oneself  unable  to 
escape  from  it;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  65. 

Also  seranghaL 

sSrodi.  Grinding  down,  filing  down  (of  pre- 
cious stones) ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben., 
13,  61.     Also  surdi. 


^3J^    sSrupeh.     A  splinter ;  Maxw. 


^Ja  j^    sSronot.     Menyeronot :  to  creep  for  protection 
^  into  a  hole  or  under  anything. 


L^^-T* 


sSronok.      (Kedah  and   Penang.)     Pleasant, 
agreeable. 


48 


S&RUNAI 


[    382     ] 


s£ri 


A^j^    sSrunai.     [  Pers.  J^^  .]     A  native  clarionet 

or  trumpet ;  a  musical  instrument  forming 
part  of  a  royal  band  and  often  mentioned  in 
romances;  Sej.  MaL,  93;  Cr.  Gr.,  44:  Cr. 
Hist.  J.  A.,  L,  334. 

Rokok  s. ;  a  yellow-flowered  plant  found  near 
the  sea,  wedelia  biflora. 


iS^J^    sSruwL     Shrunk,  of  a   swelling ;  KL,    Pijn., 
V.  d.  W.     See  seroh. 


it  MM 


sSrah.  Bestowal,  surrender,  handing  over, 
yielding  up,  making  over.  Bahwa  negeri  Me- 
laka  ini  telah  di-serahkan  tiUh  Seri  Maharaja 
Inggeris  kapada  Seri  Maharaja  Holanda  :  this 
city  of  Malacca  has  been  made  over  by  H.  M. 
the  King  of  England  to  H.  M.  the  King  of 
Holland ;  Ht.  Abd.,  194.  See  also  Ht.  Abd., 
192,  197,  209,  in  all  of  which  cases  serah  is 
used  of  the  restoration  of  Malacca  to  the 
Dutch. 

Serah  is  also  used  of  the  charge  of  an  office 
or  house  being  temporarily  handed  over  to 
another;  Ht.  Abd.,  180,  446;  and  of  a  bride 
being  given  away  or  conveyed  to  her  husband  ; 
Sej.  MaL,  36;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  44. 

Serahkan  dirt :  to  submit  to  the  control  of 
another,  to  give  oneself  up  absolutely  to 
another.  Menyerahkan  diri :  id.;  Ht.  Abd., 
400,  460,  466.  Saperti  onta  menyerahkan  diri  : 
as  the  camel  gives  himself  (to  the  burden) ;  a 
type  of  absolute  submission ;  Prov.,  Sh.  Raj. 
Haji,  183;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  38. 

Serahkan  jiwa  :  to  put  one's  life  in  the  power 
of  another,  to  engage  in  a  desperate  enter- 
prise from  which  loss  of  life  is  almost  certain 
to  result;  Ht.  Abd.,  468;  Pel.  Abd.,  12. 
Menyerah  nyawa :  id.,  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  91. 
Menyerahkan  nyawa  :  id.;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  60. 

Berserah :  in  a  state  of  abandonment  to  the 
power  of  any  person  or  thing  ;  in  a  state  of 
submission.  Berserah  berkehendak  hati,  kata 
benar  tiyada  berttirut:  in  submission  to  his  own 
desires, — give  him  true  counsel  and  he  will 
not  follow  it ;  when  a  man  has  set  his  heart 
on  a  thing  and  asks  your  advice,  it  is  no  use 
advising  him  against  it ;  Prov.  Kapada  A  Uah 
berserah  :  in  submission  to  God, — the  motto 
of  the  present  Sultanate  of  Johor.  Kapada 
Tuhan  anak-ku  bersirah :  may  my  child  be 
ever  submissive  to  God;  Sh.  Nas.,  14. 

Terserah:  surrendered  to,  handed  over  to, 
under  the  control  of;  Ht.  Abd.,  198. 


<b^   sSroh 


Allayed  or  reduced,  of  inflammation  ; 
shrunken,  of  soil ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI.,  88. 


(^j^  sSrai.  Citronella  grass,  andropogon  schcenan- 
thus,  Lampau  serai  dalam  gulai  tentu  maung : 
if  there  is  too  much  lemon-grass  in  the  curry, 
it  is  sure  to  be  nasty ;  if  one  element  prepon- 
derates, the  combination  is  sure  to  lead  to 
disagreement;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S,,  IL,  155. 

S.  bukit :  a  tall  sedge,  gahnia  javanica. 


kSj*^  S6ri.  I.  [Skr.  shri,~\  Charm,  glory,  splen- 
dour ;  the  pick  or  best  part  of  anything ; 
illustrious,  splendid  (used  as  an  honorific)  ; 
the  Hindu  divinity  Shri,  Ada-pun  seri  negeri 
Melaka  itu-lah  kota  itu :  the  Fort  was  the  glory 
of  Malacca;  Ht.  Abd.,  65.  Seri  istana :  the 
^  Light  of  the  Palace,  a  term  of  endearment  used 
by  a  king  to  his  queen  ;  Sh.  Bid.,  5  ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.  Seri  mahaligai:  id.;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  122. 
Seri  Kana^an :  the  Pride  of  Canaan  ;  a  name 
given  to  Joseph  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  103. 

(i.)  As  an  honorific,  seri  is  used  as  a  prefix 
to  the  office  or  title  held  by  the  person  spoken 
of,  e,  g,,  Seri  Maharaja  Inggeris,  His  Majesty 
the  King  of  England  ;  Seri  Bopati,  His  Lord- 
ship the  Bopati ;  Seri  Paduka  sahdbat  beta, 
our  illustrious  friend  ;  etc. 

(2.)  As  the  pick  or  best  part  of  anything, 
seri  is  used  in  various  expressions,  e,  g,  : 

5.  balai  :  the  centre  of  the  hall  of  audience  ; 
the  focus  of  the  assembly-room  ;  Sej.  Mai., 
92; 

S.  faman  :  the  heart  of  a  garden,  the  centre 
round  which  a  garden  is  laid  out ;  Sh.  Bur. 
Pungg.,  4, 

Tiyang  s.  :  the  central  pillars  round  which 
a  house  is  built  up. 

(3.)  By  an  extension  of  these  meanings, 
seri  is  used  of  a  bee  taking  the  honey  or  best 
portion  out  of  a  flower.  Knnttmi  di-seri  kum- 
bang :  a  bud  sucked  by  a  bee;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn. 
Mengambil  seri :  to  suck  the  honey  out  of  a 
flower;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  loi.  Menyeri  :  id.  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  79;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.  ; 
Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  i.  Terseri  :  deprived 
of  its  honey,  of  a  flower  ;  Sh.  Lail  Mejn.,  23. 
The  word  is  also  applied  to  the  humming  of 
bees  round  a  flower,  and  is  almost  always 
figurative,  really  referring  to  the  attentions  of 
a  lover  to  his  mistress. 

(4.)  Seri  is  also  used  of  embryonic  life ; 
Sh.  L  M.  P.,  5.     a,  jauhav  and  manikam, 

(5.)  As  a  Hindu  deity,  Seri  is  referred  to 
especially  as  the  presiding  genius  of  one  of 
the  Five  Ominous  Times  (ketika  lima);  Sh. 
Rej.,  6,  9;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  44.  She  is  also 
considered  the  protectress  of  the  rice-crops 
and  her  name  occasionally  occurs  in  formulae 
connected  with  the  semangat  padi  ceremonies. 

(6.)  The  word  also  occurs  in  a  number  of 
names  of  plants,  and  idioms,  e,  g.  : 

S,  gunong  :  distant  mountains  ; 

S.  mnka  :  the  light  of  the  countenance ; 

S.   bnmi  :    a  little  wild   heliotrope,  helio- 
tropium  indicum  ; 

5.  enggang  :  a  plant,  hyptis  brevipes  ; 

S.  huian  :  another  name  for  hyptis  brevipes ; 

S.  kaya:  the  "bullock's  heart"  fruit,  anona 
squamosa ; 

S.  kaya  belanda :  the  soursop,  anona  muricata. 

(7.)     Also  in  the  names  of  cakes ;  e,  g,i 

5.  muka :  a  cake  ofjawi  flour,  and  coco-nut 
milk ; 
Pulut  s.  kaya  :  a  preparation  oipulut  rice. 


suriyanI 


[  383  ] 


S£SAL 


(8.)  Seri  is  also  used  of  a  game  being  drawn. 
Seri-lah  :  it  is  a  drawn  game. 

(9.)  Berseri :  to  light  up,  of  the  countenance; 
to  be  brightened,  as  a  house  is  brightened 
by  the  presence  of  a  good  wife;  Marsd.  Gr., 
210  ;  to  lose  a  look  of  discontent. 

II.  Seri  dadti :  (Kedah)  a  soldier;  better 
serdadti,  from  Port,  soldado. 

suriyani.  Pars.  A  Syrian ;  Syrian  ;  Muj., 
35- 

sSriyawan.  Ulceration  of  the  mouth  and 
tongue  in  sprue  and  other  diseases ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Nata.     Cf.  serawan, 

S§riyat.  I.  The  cessation  of  a  heavy  down- 
pour of  rain ;  the  intervals  between  very 
heavy  showers. 

II.  Anaemia;  debility  or  wasting  away  in 
children  when  unaccompanied  by  actual 
disease. 


pJ^j^    Striding.     I.     A  salt-water  fish  (unidentified). 

II.     The  side  of  anything ;    the  fringe  of  a 
wood  or  lawn. 


Jkr- 


Cj>V" 


C-«J^ 


\j^ 


lI^^nj 


sSringai.  Mmyeringai :  to  distort  the  fea- 
tures, to  make  faces ;  to  grin,  of  apes. 

s6riyap.  (Kedah.)  A  bird  with  a  long  neck 
and  brownish  feathers  (unidentified). 

S6rikaya.  The  ''  bullock's  heart  "  fruit  anona 
squamosa ;  see  seri. 

sSrikat.  The  joint  earnings  of  husband  and 
wife. 

sSrigala.     L     A  jackal. 
II.     Daun  serigala  :  a  herb,  hedyotis  glabra, 

seriyan.  Pokok  seriyan  :  a  plant,  kibara  cori- 
acea. 

sSriyau.  The  unpleasant  feeling  excited  by 
certain  scratching  and  other  sounds  which 
seem  to  set  the  teeth  on  edge. 

sSriwa.  Part  of  the  full  title  of  the  Bendahara, 
who  is  called  Bendahara  seriwa  raja.  Von  de 
Wall  derives  the  word  from  seri,  lustre,  and 
wa,  the  arm. 

B^riwang.     Daun  seriwang:  a  medicinal  herb. 

sas.     The  crupper,  in  harness. 

sSsagun.     A  cake  of  flour  and  coco-nut. 

sSsawi.  Biji  sesawi :  mustard  seed;  Muj., 
49;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  63.     Also  sawi'Sawi. 


sSsat.  Straying  from  the  right  way  or  path ; 
losing  one's  way ;  astray.  Ada-pun  patch  ini 
orang  sesat  dan  tiyada  berketahuwan  ka-mana 
pergi-ku :  I  am  a  man  who  has  lost  his  way 
and  who  does  not  know  whither  he  is  going ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Malu  hertanya  sesat  jalan: 
if  you  are  ashamed  to  ask  questions,  you  will 
only  lose  your  way;  certain  things  entail 
certain  courses  ;  Prov.  Sesat  di-hujong  jalan 
balek  ka-pangkal  jalan  :  if  you  lose,  your  way 
at  the  end  of  the  road,  return  to  your  starting- 
point  ;  Prov. 

Sesat  barat :    confusedly,    higgledy-piggledy ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Sh,  K.  G.  T.,  9. 

Sesatkan  :  to  cause  to  go  astray,  to  mislead ; 
Sh.  Ibl.,  3.     Menyesat:   id. ;  Sh.  Rej.,  6. 

Di-persesat :    led   astray,    misled;    Ht.    Md. 
Hanaf.,  45. 


i/w%M    sastSra.      [Skr.  shdstvaJ]     Sacred  books ;   (by 
extension)   astrological  tables,  books  of  divi- 


^^yw*- 


nation. 

sastSrawan.  [Skr.  shdstrawant.]  A  man 
versed  in  the  Sacred  Books,  a  sage ;  (by 
extension)  an  astrologer,  an  astrological  book. 
Panji  Samerang  'drif  sasUrawan :  Panji 
Samerang,  wise  and  devoutly  learned;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg.  The  form  seterawan  also  occurs; 
Ht.  Sri  Rama;  Ht.  P.  J.  P.;  Ht.  Berm. 
Shahd. ;  Cr.  Gr.,  47. 

sSsar.  I.  Pushing  aside;  shoving  a  thing 
away  from  its  proper  place.  Yang  hidop 
sesarkan  matt:  the  living  displace  the  dead 
(only  themselves  to  die  in  their  turn);  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  39- 

II.  Sesaran  or  sasaran :  a  target;  from 
sasar  ? 

III.  A  variant  of  sasar,  I,  q.  v. 

sSsap.  Supping  up  water, — used  of  animals 
drinking. 

Sesapan  burong :  a  pool  where  birds  collect 
to  drink  in  dry  weather.  Pokok  sesapan 
burong :  a  tree  (unidentified). 

s6sak.  Close  pressure,  tightness,  packing 
tightly.  Phtoh  sesak :  full  to  crowding ;  Cr. 
Gr.,  42;  Ht.  Abd.,  34,  113.  Sesak  dada:  a 
feeling  of  pain  or  tightness  about  the  heart ; 
feeling  as  though  one's  heart  would  burst; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  76,  129. 
Sesak  is  also  used  by  metaphor  of  narrow 
means  or  of  a  man  being  **  being  in  a  tight 
place;''  Ht.  Abd.,  328,  329. 

•^C«*^    sSs6kan.     A  bird  (unidentified) ;  Kl. 


{.^y**'*^ 


UA***^ 


sSsal.  Regret,  sorrow,  repentance.  Sesal 
dahulu  pendapatan,  s^sal  kemudiyan  apa  guna- 
nya :  repentance  in  time  is  profit,  but  of  what 
use  is  repentance  when  too  late;  Prov.,  Ht. 
Gh.;  cf.  also  Ht.  Abd.,  132,  240,  334. 


sSsiMA 


[  384  ] 


sSngit 


SBsalkan :  to  regret  any  one  or  anything ;  to 
treat  as  a  matter  of  regret;  Ht.  Abd.,  42, 
67,  279. 

Menyhal :  to  feel  sorrow  or  regret ;  to  be 
repentant.  Jangan  minyesal  hart  kemudiyan : 
do  not  give  yourself  cause  for  regret  in  future 
days;  Ht.  Koris;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  58. 

\c*w^    sSsSma.     [Sk.  salema,]     A  cold  in  the  head. 

C-^ftX*****    sSsumpit.      ( Kedah. )      A    small    purse    or 
packet ;  (Riau,  Johor)  sumpit-sumpit, 

^\^^*A^    sa-SUWatU.     Each  one,  every  one;  seesuwatu. 

Ci>y^    sSsorok.     (Kedah.)     An  insect  (unidentified) 
which  destroys  ^a^ii;  (Riau,  Johor)  sorok-sorok. 

CKX"^    SUSUnan.     See  susun,  II. 


sSsah.  Striking  or  beating  with  a  long  thin 
flexible  cane  or  rod  ;  thrashing  with  a  rattan  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  80,  269,  410 ;  beating  wet  clothes 
against  a  stone  or  other  hard  surface  in 
laundry  work. 

Oi?'fe"*''*"    Stisuhunan.     Jav.     The   title   borne   by   the 
ruler  of  Surakarta  in  Java.     See  stmm,  11. 


t 


Satah.      Arab.      A   terrace,    a   flat    roof,    the 

deck  of  a  ship;   a  superficies  or   surface  in 
geometry. 

J^^^    satar.     Arab.     A   writing,   a   stroke,    a   line ; 
Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  8. 

o^W*i  sa'iidat.  Arab.  Fortune,  happiness;  High- 
ness, Majesty,  as  a  title.  Baginda  sa'adat: 
H.  M.  the  King;  Sh.  Laih  Mejn.,  7.  DdriCs- 
sa^ddat :  Constantinople. 

%^    sang.      I.      A      prefix      (usually      honorific) 
^       attached  : 

i.  To  the  names  of  minor  divinities,  demi- 
gods, and  heroes,  such  as  Arjuna  (Sang 
Ranjuna),  Hanuman,  Nila  Utama,  etc. 

ii.  (In  the  expression  Sang  yang  only)  to 
the  names  of  major  divinities,  such  as  Sang- 
yang  Tunggal,  **the  One  God";  Sangyang 
Guru^  Siva;  Sangyang  Mahahisnn,  Vishnu; 
Sangyang  KSsoma,  the  God  of  Love ;  Sang- 
yang Kuwasa,  the  God  of  Might,  Sh.  Panj. 
Sg. ;  Sangyang  Berhamma,  Brahm,  etc. 
The  form  Sang-raja  Guru  also  occurs  for 
Siva;  Ht.  Ind,  Meng. 

iii.  To  the  titles  of  kings  in  a  number  of 
honorific  expressions,  such  as  Sang-nata,  the 
Holy  Lord  (Ht.  Mas.  Ed.;  Ht.  Perb.  Java; 
Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  129) ;  Sang  Aji,  the  Holy 
King;  Sej.  Mai.,  155;  Sang-olon,  Sang-ratu, 
and  Sang'kaningrat,  Javanese  titles ;  Ht.  Mas 
Ed. ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  53. 


iv.  To  the  names  of  animals  in  fables,  e,  g,, 
sang'kanchil,  sang-nyamok,  sang  agas,  sang- 
harimau,  sang-tupai,  etc.;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  8, 
27;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  38.  In  the  case  of  fish 
dang  is  used,  but  the  prefix  sang  also  occurs, 
e.  g.y  sang-yu,  the  shark ;  Ht.  Si  Misk.,  58. 

II,      Mengesang :    (Onom.)      To  blow  the 

nose ;  see  esang.     The  forms  sing  and  a  still 

more  onomatopoeic  form,  si^h,  are  also  met 
with  colloquially. 


III.     [Pers.  viSl-  .]     A  stone. 


i^    sing.     (Onom.)     Blowing  the  nose;  v.  sang, 
^        II. 

7*j^*^  s6ngaja.  Deliberate  intention.  Sehaya  tahu 
diya  ada  wang  sengaja  iya  tiyada  mahu  bayar : 
I  know  he  has  money,  he  deliberately  refuses 
to  pay ;  Ht.  Abd.,  244.  Maka  sengaja  aku 
jadikan  sakit  banyak :  I  intentionally  exag- 
gerated my  sufferings;  Ht.  Abd.,  23.  D^ngan 
sengaja-nya :  intentional ;  Bint.  Tim.,  23 
February y  1895.  Tiyada  patek  sengaja:  I  did 
not  do  it  intentionally ;  I  did  not  mean  to 
doit;  Ht.  Gh. 

The  word  sehaja  (usually  translated  *'only") 
is  a  connected  form  of  the  same  root,  and 
has  really  the  same  meaning. 

^^\k^    sangaji.     Jav.     Prince,  ruler;   Sej.  Mai.,  155. 
From  sang  and  aji. 


^J 


\juM  Sdngarat.  A  fish  (unidentified)  found  in 
fresh-water  ponds  and  swamps;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
VIII.,  120. 


pjWw    Sfingaring.      I.      The   name   of   a  tree   (un- 
identified). 

II.     The  name  of  a  salt-water  fish  (unidenti- 
fied). 


sSngat.  The  sting  of  an  insect.  Di-sengat 
lipan  yang  garang :  stung  by  a  savage  centi- 
pede; Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  16.  Di-sengat  uleh 
nyamok :  *' stung"  by  a  mosquito;  Sh.  Lail. 
Mejn.,  36.  Sengat  is  not,  however,  usually 
applied  to  non-venomous  bites  or  to  mosquito 
bites. 

Lembing  sengat  pari:     a    spear   with   three 
barbs,  one  behind  the  other. 

Menyengat :    to  sting;    Sh.    Bid.,    112;    Ht. 
Koris. 

Penyengat :  a  wasp;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  5. 


sSngit.  L  Pungent  and  disagreeable,  of 
odour.  Menymgitkan  hidong :  to  curl  up  the 
nostrils  at  an  offensive  smell. 

II.     A    species    of    fly    or    tick    infesting 
buffaloes. 


SANOSARA 


[    385    3 


SENGKAT 


J  VmaJImi 


Sangsara.  [Skr.  sangsdra,  the  misery  of  life.] 
Pain,  torture,  misery;  Ht.  Abd.,  15,  142; 
Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  22,  49.  *Adzab  s. ;  id., 
intensified;  Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  30.  Seksas.:  id., 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng.     Smah  s, :  id.,  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

sengsat.  Fastened  up,  of  a  sarong,  so  as  to 
give  freer  play  to  the  limbs. 

sengseng  or  singsing.  Turning  up  or 
rolling  up  the  sleeves  of  a  garment ;  tucking 
up ;  (by  metaphor )  rolling  away  the 
darkness,  of  daybreak.  Di-sengseng-nya 
tangan  baju-nya :  he  rolled  up  his  coat- 
sleeves,  Sej,  Mai.,  139. 

Menyengseng  :  to  roll  up  or  tuck  up  ;  to  roll 
up  one's  sleeves  (of  an  angry  warrior 
preparing  to  fight ) ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht. 
Hg.  Tuw.,  81.  Menyengsengkan :  id.,  Ht.  Isk. 
Dz.;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

Fajar  menyengseng :  (  poetic )  daybreak  ; 
dawn ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  24 ;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb., 
35;    Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  4;   Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  105. 

The  word  is  pronounced  sengseng  in  the 
Riau-Johor  dialects  and  singsing  in  Kedah. 

SOngsang.  Reversal,  turning  upside  down, 
topsy-turvy.  Bagai  aur  di-tarek  songsang : 
like  a  bamboo  pulled  the  wrong  way,  i,e,,  so 
that  the  branches  get  caught  by  stumps  and 
obstacles ;  difficult  through  want  of  tact  and 
management;  see  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  57.  Ber- 
tapa  songsang :  to  do  penance  by  standing 
eternally  on  one's  head  (  of  ancient  Brahman 
devotees);    Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

S.  kelalak :  topsy-turvy,  in  confusion,  with 
neither  head  nor  tail. 

SOngseng.  A  native  ornament ;  a  piece  of 
jewellery  ;  KL,  v.  d.  W. 

SOngSOng.  Dashing  against  anything.  S. 
hants :  facing  or  making  head  against  the 
tidal  current ;  a  name  given  to  a  peculiar 
shell,  murex  ternispina.  Menyongsong :  to 
dash  against,  to  oppose  oneself  to;  Sh.  Sri 
Ben.,  40.  Bagai  lang  menyongsong  angin : 
as  the  fish-eagle  soars  against  the  wind ; 
swaggering;   see  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  66. 


iS**^    sengse.     [Chin.  sien-se^K]     A  Chinese  doctor. 


sSngangkang.  A  kind  of  swallow;  Kl. 
SBng^ngkang,  id. ;  v.  d.  W. 

sSngap.  Quiet,  to  hold  one's  tongue,  of  a 
child. 

sangka.  L  [Skr.  shangkd.]  Thinking,  sus- 
pecting, believing,  fearing;  anxiety,  anxious 
thought,  suspicion.  Sangka  sadikit  di-dalant 
halt:  slight  suspicion;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaj^a.  Keras 
sangka  dan  ketakutan :  strong  suspicion  and 
fear ;  Ht.  Abd.,  62.  Yang  di-sangka  tidak  min- 
jadi;  yang  diyam  buleh  ka-diya  :  the  expected 
does  not  happen ;  the  man  who  stirred  not 
wins  the  prize;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HL,  41. 


:;       a 


u^^Aam 


^^V>.«^ 


Ui 


CI^wSAam 


C^ZtJuM 


Sangkakan:  to  suspect  or  think  (anything); 
Ht.  Abd.,  114,  165,  240;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
Menyangkakan :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  48 ;  Sh. 
Sing.  Terb.,  54.  Menyangka-nyangkakan  :  id., 
frequentative;    Muj.,  38. 

Menyangka:  to  think  (intransitive),  to 
entertain  suspicions,  to  be  suspicious;— but 
the  word  is  sometimes  used  transitively ;  = 
menyangkakan, 

Itu-lah   orang   'akal-nya   korang, 
Menyangka   diri-nya  pandai  sa-orang : 

it  is  a   man   of  low   intelligence   who  fancies 
that  he  alone  of  men  is  learned;  Sh.  Nas.,  9. 

n.  [Skr.  shangkha.]  A  triton-shell,  chama 
gigas;  a  sort  of  conch  shell  used  as  a 
trumpet. 

Sangka-kala  :  the  last  trump  ;  the  trumpet 
with  which  the  Archangel  Israfil  is  expected 
to  wake  the  dead  on  the  Day  of  Judgment. 
The  form  sanggakala  is,  however,  more 
common  colloquially. 


sfingkarut.  Bersengkamt :  interlaced,  inter- 
twined ; — of  lianas,  roots,  etc.;  Ht.  Abd., 
344 ;  heavily  involved,  of  a  man  in  debt ; 
mixed,  of  language  interspersed  with  terms  of 
abuse. 

sSngkala.     A  variant  of  sengkela,  q.  v. 

sSngkalan.  A  flat  slab  of  wood  with  a  grinder 
of  coco-nut  shell.  It  is  used  for  grinding 
up  chillies  in  cookery.  Saperti  sengkalan  ta'- 
sudah  :  like  an  unfinished  pounding-block, — a 
proverbial  simile  for  an  ugly  face  ;  Sh.  P6ng., 
9 ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  30. 


sSngkamit.    (Kedah.) 
(unidentified). 


The  name  of   a  tree 


sSngkayan.  A  waterspout,  resembling  the 
ordinary  waterspout  ( puting  beliyong )  but 
rather  longer  in  shape  and  swifter  in  rotation. 

sangkut.  Stopping,  hindering,  obstructing. 
Sangkutan  di-dalam  hati :  a  thing  that  sticks 
in  the  mind ;  a  thing  not  easily  forgotten  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  459. 

Penyangkut :  a  hat-rack,   a  row  of  pegs  for 
hanging  clothes  or  hats  on.     P.  kain  :  id. 

Tersangkut :  attached.     Tersangkuf-lah  hati- 
nya  kapada  raja  Jamshid :  he  became  heartily 
attached  to  King  Jamshid  ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 
Pipit  hendak  Ulan  jagong, 

Telan   ta'-lepas,   mati  tersanghit  : 
the  sparrow  wanted  to  swallow  the  maize, 
but  he  could  not  get  the  grain  down  and  died 
choked ;  the  man   who   attempts  too  much 
comes  to  grief ;  Prov. 


sengkat  or  singkat.     Short 
short ;  limited  ;   succinct. 


to    excess ;  too 


SONOKET 


[    386    ] 


SUNOKAP 


•t  'ViAliVf 


^XJum 


Singkat  pada  badan-nya:  short  of  stature. 
Tangan-nya  singkat :  short  in  the  arm ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  337.  Singkat  pengUahnwan  Hlmti-nya  : 
limited  in  knowledge;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Usiya- 
nya  singkat :  short-lived;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam,,  36. 

Ikan  s. :  a  fresh-water  fish  (unidentified). 

SOngket  or  sungkit.  I.  Kain  songket:  a 
flowered  cloth  made  of  silk  and  gold  thread ; 
a  rich  fabric  worn  on  special  occasions ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  419;  Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng;  Sh. 
Kamp.  Boy.,  10.  Pronounced  sungkit  in 
Kedah,  songket  in  Riau-Johor  Malay  and  in 
Javanese. 

n,  Menyungkit :  to  wrest  open,  to  wring 
open. 

Sangkar.  I.  A  cage,  especially  a  bird-cage. 
Sangkaran :  id.  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  76,  77.  Laksana 
bnrong  diyam  di-sangkar :  like  a  bird  in  a 
cage,  a  proverbial  description  of  a  man  tied 
down  by  circumstances.  Satu  sangkar  duwa 
bnrong :  two  birds  in  one  cage  ;  rival  wives  of 
the  same  man ;  Prov.  Sangkar  ayam :  a 
hen-coop. 

n.  A  ring  or  ferrule  on  a  knife;  KL,  v.  d. 
W. ;  a  case  for  a  knife,  in  contradistinction  to 
a  sheath. 

in.  Diameter,  a  line  drawn  down  the 
centre. 


IV.     Lari  sungkor -sangkar  ; 
pitate  flight ;  v.  stmgkor. 


hasty  and  preci- 


Sangkor.  A  bayonet.  Mata  s. ;  id.  S.  sum- 
pitan:  a  species  of  blow-pipe  with  a  spear- 
point  attached  to  it. 

S§ngkar.  A  cross-bar  connecting  the  sides 
of  a  boat;  J,  S.  A.  S.,  VIIL,  130. 

Smgkir.  Putting  aside  or  out  of  the  way ;  to 
tread  a  hen,  of  a  cock;  to  provide  a  substitute. 


Singkur.     Pushing 
side  of  the  foot. 


aside,    kicking   with   the 


SUngkor.  Rooting  up  earth  with  its  snout, 
of  a  pig ;  ladling  up  mud  with  a  sort  of  spoon  ; 
falling  upon  the  ground  so  that  the  face 
scrapes  the  earth. 

Sungkor-sangkar :  sprawling  over  and  over,  a 
frequentative  of  stmgkor.  Lari  sungkor- 
sangkar :  the  flight  of  a  man  who  is  bundled 
precipitately  out  of  a  place. 

S.  geragau :  drawing  one's  hand  through  the 
mud  in  catching  a  kind  of  prawn. 

S.  sembam :  grovelling  in  the  earth ;  falling 
or  lying  on  one's  face ;  Ht.  Koris ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng. 

Nyior  sungkoran :  a  young  coco-nut  before 
its  top  becomes  hard ;  a  stage  in  its  growth 
at  which  its  contents  can  be  easily  scraped  or 
ladled  out. 


ItSvA^ 


JUKJUa* 


<^t\A.M 


Menyungkor :  to  lower  the  head  to  earth,  as 
a  man  prostrating  himself  very  low  (Sh.  Abd. 
Mk.,  13),  or  as  a  bull  presenting  his  horns  to 
his  foe;  Ht.  Kal,  Dam.,  117. 

Tersungkor :  fallen  face  downwards ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  79,  245,  407;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg,,  16. 

sSngkang.  Cross-bar,  cross-beam,  thwart, 
diameter ;  a  short  piece  of  wood  used  to  keep 
the  thole-pin  in  position ;  a  stick  fixed  so  as 
to  keep  the  mouth  of  a  dead  snake  or  animal 
open.  S.  berbajang:  a  Maltese  cross.  S. 
pintu  :  a  bolt,  a  cross-bar  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  435. 

Tersengkang :  sticking  across,  as  a  fish  bone 
sticks  in  the  throat. 

Pohun   dudor   di4anah   lembah, 

Sudah   bertunas   tiyada   berchabang ; 

Bujor  lalu,   lintang  patah, 
Jikalan   di-telan    tiyada   tersengkang  : 

that  which  goes  through  lengthways  passes 
through,  that  which  goes  through  abeam  gets 
broken  (and  pushed  through)  ;  nothing  that 
he  swallows  ever  sticks  in  his  throat ; — all  is 
fish  that  comes  to  his  net ;  Prov. 

Sengkang.  Inequality  of  length  in  the  lower 
limbs  ;  unevenness  of  walk. 

Tanah  rata,   tanah  yang  pamah; 

Kalau   tinggi  jadi  permatang; 
Sakit  anggota  baik   di-demah, 

Kiyat  sa-belah  jalan   menyengkang : 

if  your  leg  is  paining  you  will  do  well  to 
foment  it ;  stiffness  in  one  leg  will  make  you 
walk  like  a  cripple. 


songkong. 

sokong,  q.  ^ 


Propping  up ;       a     variant     of 


singkap.  The  opening,  lifting  or  drawing 
apart  of  curtains,  mosquito-nets,  etc.  Di- 
singkap  baginda  tirai  peraduwan :  the  King 
drew  aside  the  curtains  of  the  bed  ;  Sh.  Abd. 
Mk.,  69. 

Menyingkap  :  to  open,  lift  up  or  draw  aside  a 
curtain  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.,  Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  P.  J,  R 
Menyingkapkan :  id.,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

SUngkap*  Torn  or  pulled  apart,  of  objects 
that  ought  to  adhere  ;  pulled  loose,  of  things 
that  ought  to  be  sticking  tightly  together ; 
broken,  but  not  completely  severed. 

Snngkap  senjata   kena   tangan^ 
Perang   menjadi  serba  salah  : 

the  weapons  are  struck  back  so  as  to  hurt  the 
hands  that  grasped  them,  the  battle  becomes 
a  melee  in  which  no  one  knows  what  to  do. 

Kuku  tersungkap :  a  finger-nail  or  toe-nail 
which  has  got  torn  from  the  quick. 

Jalan  gopoh,   kaki  tMadong, 
Kuku  tersungkap   kena   batu : 

if  you  hurry  too  fast  you  will  bruise  your  feet 
and  tear  your  toe-nails  against  the  stones. 


SUNGKUP 


[    387    ] 


SANGKU 


sungkup. 

vessel. 


Covering  under  a  hollow  bowl  or 


^ fl   x^... 


sangkak.  I.  Obstruction,  resistance,  hin- 
drance. 

Raja   ^ddil,   raja   di-sembah ; 
Raja   ta'-'ddil   raja   di-sangkak : 

a  just  prince  is  a  prince  to  be  revered,  an 
unjust  prince  is  a  prince  to  be  resisted  ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  42. 

Sangkaki :  to  obstruct,  to  hinder,  to  resist. 
Pesan-kii  jangan  abang  sangkaki :  brother,  do 
not  resist  my  commands ;  Sh,  Sri  Ben.,  55. 

'Ilmti  penyangkak :  sorcery  to  prevent  the 
accomplishment  or  occurrence  of  anything. 

IL  Pesangkak:  (Penang)  a  large  cooking- 
pot  of  earthenware. 

sengkak.  The  nausea  which  follows  too 
generous  a  meal ;  an  inclination  to  vomit. 

SOngkok.  A  small  white  cap  in  shape  re- 
sembling a  shallow  flower-pot ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 

sangkal.  Disavowing,  denying,  refusing  to 
acknowledge,  affecting  ignorance  of. 

Sangkali:  to  disavow,  to  pretend  not  to 
know;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  12. 
Sangkalkan :  id. 

Yang  di'hardmkan   anak-ku   kerjakan, 
Hadtih  nabi   anak-ku  sangkalkan  : 

my  child,  you  are  doing  what  God  has 
declared  unlawful,  you  are  repudiating  the 
traditions  of  our  Prophet ;  Sh.  Nas.,  13. 

sailgkil.  Immersion  to  the  load-line  of  a 
ship ;  the  achievement  of  anticipated  results  ; 
the  successful  curing  of  a  man  by  medicines 
of  known  efficacy. 

sSngkal.     Thwart,  cross-beam.     Cf.  sengkang. 
Sengkalan  :  a  plank  or  flat  piece  of  wood  on 

which  chillies  are  pounded  ;  see  ^u^*^  • 

sSngkil.  Edge,  brink.  Dudok  tlrsengkil :  to 
sit  on  the  very  edge  of  anything. 

S^ngkol.  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  pleasant  feeling 
of  coolness. 

sengkol.  Difficulty  in  swallowing,  due  to 
inflammation  in  the  throat  or  any  similar 
cause.  Tali  bersengkol :  a  twist  or  loop  in  a 
loose  piece  of  string. 

singkil.  I.  *'On  edge,"— the  peculiar  sen- 
sation experienced  by  the  teeth  when  very 
acid  food  is  eaten.     S.  gigi :  teeth  on  edge. 

II.  Tali  singkil :  a  cord  to  fasten  up 
curtains. 


JM- 


"I^ISX** 


cJLXiLu 


\JZi0lXmSjUj>i 


JUJSJL>M 


SlHlgkal.  M^nyungkal :  to  root  up,  to  turn 
up  as  a  ploughshare  turns  up  the  earth.  Cf. 
nienchungkil,  from  chungkil^  q.v. 

S.  bajak  :  the  ploughshare. 

sSngkfila.  [Skr.  skrengkhala,]  Shackles, 
heavy  wooden  fetters  used  to  confine  the 
movements  of  a  man  or  animal ;  a  heavy 
wooden  block  tied  to  the  foot  of  an  elephant 
to  prevent  him  running  away  any  great  dis- 
tance. Saperti  gajah  dengan  smghela-nya : 
like  an  elephant  with  his  hobbles ;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XL,  62.  Bersengkela  kaki-nya  :  with  fettered 
feet ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  100.  Saudagar  itn 
bersengkela :  the  merchant  was  put  in  irons  ; 
Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  loi. 

sSngkSlat.  [Pers.  c-*bU*-  .]  Heavy  broad- 
cloth ;  a  variant  of  sakhlat  or  sakldi. 

S@ngk31it.  A  peculiar  strap  worn  on  the 
feet  and  twisted  round  a  tree  so  as  to  facili- 
tate climbing. 

sengkSlang.  I.  Crossed,  of  the  arms;  a 
cross-beam  or  pole  laid  athwart  a  road.  Cf. 
sengkang  and  sengkeling. 


II.     (Kedah.)     A 
affecting  the  testes. 


kind   of    itch   or  eczema 


joSJum    s6ngk§ling.      Crossing   the   legs,   of   a  man 
^  lying  on  his  back  and    laying  one  leg  over 

another. 

Ttdor  jangan   sengkeling  kaki, 
Malangan   siyal  putus  razkt, 
Hidop  sa-bagai   bnrong  kedidi 
Bertelor   di-pantai   ombak  pelari : 

when  you  sleep,  never  cross  your  feet,  bad  is 
the  luck  which  that  habit  brings  you  and 
you  will  find  your  daily  bread  exhausted; 
your  hfe  will  be  like  that  of  the  sandpiper 
which  has  to  lay  its  eggs  on  the  beach  over 
which  the  waves  will  play. 


w— .uSvJLu 


Xi-^ 


sSngkSlap.  Sudden  and  inexplicable  dis- 
appearance of  articles  seen  a  moment  before ; 
sneak-thieving,  petty  theft. 

songkom.  Nyongkom  or  menyongkom :  to 
bury  one's  face  in  a  mother's  lap,  of  a  weep- 
ing child  or  of  a  weeping  girl  burying  her 
head  on  her  arms;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

^yJk^    sangklin.     Firm;  steadfast;  Kl. 

c.^SsLm    sgngkSnit.    A  tick,  a  louse. 

SJum    sangku.     A  large  metal  bowl  or  basin ;   Ht. 

^  Koris;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  8;  Sh,  Bid.,  46.    Di^ 

mandikan-nya    (or  di-siramkan-nya)    di-dalam 

sangku  mas :   they  washed   him  in  a  golden 

bath;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 


SfeNQKUWANG 


[    388    ] 


SINGQANG 


9'^><*M 


u3^i^ 


Sengkuwang.  The  yam-bean,  pachyrrhizus 
angulatm.  Ubi  s. :  the  tuberous  root  of  this 
plant,  which  is  used  medicinally.  Belum 
tuwarang  panjang  buwah  sengkuwang  sa-besar 
bitis :  before  the  drought  has  lasted  any  time 
the  yam-beans  are  as  big  as  the  calf  of  the 
leg;  before  any  foundation  has  been  given 
for  report,  exaggerated  reports  are  flying 
about;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  99, 

sSngkuwap.  A  canopy;  a  dome-shaped 
canopy  with  a  fringed  edge  suspended  from 
the  roof  over  a  raja  sitting  in  State. 


singke.  [Chin,  sin-kheh.]  A  coolie  fresh 
from  China;  (contemptuously)  a  new-comer 
of  any  sort. 


singketa.     Legal 
V.  d.  W,,  Marsd. 


proceedings ;    Kl.,    Pijn., 


jSsk^ 


sSngkelat.  With  the  dirt  only  half  washed 
off;  filthy,  dirty.  Used  especially  of  careless 
performance  of  ablutions  after  evacuation, 

sSngkelang.  A  slanting  cross,  an  irregular 
cross ;  lines  that  do  not  harmonize ;  irregu- 
larity ;  (by  extension)  work  that  cannot  be 
put  straight,  bad  work. 

Sangga.  Bearing  up,  supporting,  protecting, 
propping;  a  prop,  a  support.  The  word  is  also 
used  of  protecting  oneself  from  a  blow  by 
seizing  and  holding  up  the  arm  striking  it, 
and  so  (by  metaphor)  of  being  able  to  stand 
or  support  some  danger  or  task. 

S.  bu7ioh  :  a  charm  against  being  killed  in 
battle. 

S.  btiwana :  **  Prop  of  the  Universe,"  the 
name  of  a  mountain  in  Java. 

S.  layar  :  small  supports  on  the  mast  to  hold 
the  booms  in  position. 

S.  lotong :  a  name  for  the  pulasau  fruit, 
nephelium  mutabile. 

S.  mar  a  :  a  bar  or  projection  on  the  blade 
of  some  weapons.  Galah  sangga  mara :  a 
boat  hook. 

S.'Sangga :  officers  attending  a  prince  at  his 
meals. 

Penyangga  :  a  prop,  projection  or  support. 
P.  payong :  the  catch  on  an  umbrella.  P. 
senapang  :  a  musket-rack. 

singga.     Until ;  an  abbreviation  of  sa-hingga. 

SUngga.  Jav.  A  spur,  a  goad.  Patahan  sBnjata 
itti  mhijadi  saperti  sungga  :  the  broken  ends  of 
the  weapons  became  like  spurs ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Nata.  Menyungga  :  to  spur  on,  to  goad  on, — 
used  of  love  goading  on  a  person ;  Sh.  Panj, 
Sg. 

sSnggara.  Attending  to,  looking  after.  Dato' 
Siri  Shiggara  :  a  Kedah  title. 


sSnggama.  [Skr.  sanggama,]  Union,  com- 
mingling, confederation. 

sSnggayut.  Bersenggayut :  dangling  in  the 
air,  of  a  man  supported  by  his  hands  only. 

sanggat.     Running  aground,  of  a  boat. 

Sanggit.  I.  Rubbing  two  hard  bodies  one 
against  another;  touching,  of  two  surfaces 
such  as  the  side  of  a  ship  and  the  wharf. 
Mhiyanggit:  to  touch,  to  rub  against.  M. 
gigi :  to  grind  the  teeth.     Also  sengget. 


II.      Jav. 
honour. 


A     court-damsel     or     maid     of 


Sengget.     A  variant  of  sanggit,  q,  v. 


Senggut.  A  sidelong  blow  with  the  horns ;  a 
sidelong  blow  against  a  gong  in  the  gamelan ; 
cf.  sikti,  sigong,  etc.  Jangan  buwat  k^rbau 
tandok  panjang  hendak  senggut  ka-fnana-mana : 
do  not  play  the  long-horned  buffalo,  which 
goes  butting  everywhere ;  don't  go  about 
picking  up  quarrels ;  Prov. 


^^Ji^    sanggar.     Jav.     A   small    shrine   or  temple 


singgat.     Until,    as   far   as ;  =  singga  or  sa- 
hingga, 

SOngget.     A  variant  oisongket,  q.  v. 


sanggor.     [Pers.  jf:^  .]     A  kind  of  market- 
basket  of  rattan. 


\\.m«XAam 


1l3sA%M 


sangggrah.     I,      [Vort,  sangrar.]     To  bleed; 
to  slaughter  by  bleeding  to  death. 

II,     Pesanggerahan :    a  rest  house  in  Java, 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. ;  ■=•  persinggahan. 


singgasana.  [Skr.  sinhdsanaJ]  A  throne; 
properly,  the  dais  on  which  the  throne  is  set. 
Dudok  di-atas  singgasana  kerajaan  di-atas 
peterana  yang  bertatahkan  permata  :  sitting  on 
the  royal  dais  on  a  throne  studded  with 
gems;  Sej.  Mai.,  125.  As  an  emblem  of 
royal  power  it  is,  however,  often  used  where 
the  figurative  word  *' throne"  would  be  used. 


sanggang.     Propping  up;  a  variant  ofsagang^ 
q.  V. 

Siaggang.     I.     Fish  cooked  in  salt;  a  dish 
of  fish  prepared  in  a  certain  way ;  Ht.  Gh, 

II.     To  squat  down  on  one's  haunches  and 
then  stand  up  again. 


SONGGENG 


[    389    ] 


s£hgam 


m5JL« 


SOnggeng.     I.     Depicting;  picturing  flowers 
^  or  other  objects  by  way  of  ornament   on  a 

vase  or  other  surface.     B^rsonggeng  ayer  mas  : 
with  a  pattern  in  gold  paint ;  Ht.  Sh. 

II.     Putting  tobacco  between  the  lips  and 
teeth  and  working  it  up  into  a  little  quid. 


Ju>Jl^ 


j5si*« 


J^ 


Sanggup.  Acknowledging,  accepting  res- 
ponsibility for ;  Ht.  Best.  Jikalau  enche'  anu 
lari  atau  iiyada  sanggup  membayar  wang  itu : 
if  Mr.  So-and-so  runs  away  or  no  one  accepts 
responsibility  for  the  payment-  Pa'  sanggup  : 
a  man  who  acknowledges  himself  the  father 
of  a  child  conceived  out  of  wedlock,  e,  g,,  a 
man  who  marries  a  woman  already  with 
child  declaring  the  child  to  be  his  own. 

sSnggok.     Nodding  with  sleep  or  weariness ; 

waving  the  head  from  side  to  side. 

Senggokkan :  to  seize  a  boy  or  man  by  the 
scruff  of  the  neck  and  knock  his  head  against 
a  wall  or  table.  Di-pegang  nya  kepala  budak 
itu  di'Senggok'Senggok  di-tanah :  he  seized  the 
boy's  head  and  kept  banging  it  on  the  floor ; 
Ht.  Best. 

sanggul.  The  binding  up  or  dressing  of  the 
hair ;  the  coils  or  masses  of  plaited  hair  on  a 
woman's  head.  S.  Urlepas  :  dishevelled  hair- 
coils;  Sh.  Peng.,  15.  Jika  perempuwan  di- 
taroh  pada  bawah  sanggul-nya :  in  the  case  of 
a  woman,  if  (the  charm  is)  placed  under  her 
head-dress;  Muj.,  39. 

Merak   anggok-anggok 

A  nggok   di-atas   kota, 
Bergerak   hujong  sanggul 

Naik   seri   muka : 

when  the  loose  end  of  her  braided  hair 
trembles  new  beauties  arise  in  her  face ;  Cr. 
Hist.  Ind.  Arch.,  II.,  48. 

The  different  ways  of  arranging  the  hair 
have  different  names,  e,  g.,  sanggul  lintang 
sangkutf  s,  lintang  lipat  pandan^  s.  bulat,  s. 
kelong,  etc. 

Chuchok  s. :  hair-pins. 

singgul.  A  blow  with  the  side  of  the  head. 
Cf.  sigongf  siku,  senggut,  etc. 

sanggam.  Borrowing  articles  or  implements 
for  temporary  use,  in  contradistinction  to 
money  loans. 


sanggamara.    See  sangga. 


^^pJL«  sanggan.  A  metal  bowl  with  a  rough  milled 
edge. 

ryXiM  singgan.  Until,  as  far  as;  a  variant  of  singga, 
sa-hingga,  etc. 

jK^  sanggu.  (Kedah.)  A  fine  kind  of  sea- weed 
(agar-agar)  used  in  making  jelly;  (Riau, 
Johor)  sangu. 


ysM^ 


k^^^^SjUt* 


sSnggau.  Rising  on  one's  toes  and  clutching 
at  anything  (but  not  springing  at  it);  quietly 
seizing;  surreptitiously  putting  out  one's 
hand  and  pilfering  while  the  owner  is  looking 
the  other  way. 

Sfinggugut.  A  discharge  from  the  uterus; 
a  generic  name  for  a  number  of  diseases  in 
women  classified  according  to  the  appearance 
of  the  discharge.  S.  bangkai,  s.  bunga,  and 
s.  kulit :  varieties  of  this  class  of  diseases. 


sfinggugu.     A     small     prawn     from     which 

belachmi  is  made. 


Sfinggulong.     A  peculiar  millipede  that  rolls 
itself  up  into  a  ball  when  touched, 

singgah.  Touching  at,  stopping  at;  (of  a 
ship)  putting  into  a  port  on  its  way  to  another 
port ;  (of  a  man)  to  break  a  journey  by 
stopping  anywhere.  Singgah4ah  iya  di-tanah 
Keling  di-negeri  Nagor :  he  broke  his  journey 
by  residence  in  India  at  the  town  of  Nagore ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  7. 
Singgah  mmyinggah:  continually  stopping 
at  places,  as  a  pedlar  hawking  goods  from 
house  to  house. 

Singgahi :  to  break  a  journey,  to  make  a 
stop,  to  touch  anywhere ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  35. 

Persinggahan  bunii :  a  measure  of  length 
often  met  with  in  old  romances,  possibly  a 
parasang  (Pers.  farsang) ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ;  Ht. 
Hamz.,  58  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  24,  65.  Persing- 
gahan is  also  used  of  a  rest  house  or  temporary 
place  of  abode  on  a  journey;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  The  kindred  word  pasang- 
gerahan  is  the  Javanese  and  more  common 
form  of  this  word. 

tV^^^siw-    Singgahsana.      [Skr,    sinhdsana,]     A    royal 
dais ;  a  variant  of  singgasana,  q.  v. 


r 


sSngal.     Rheumatic  or  gouty  twinges  of  pain. 

sanglir.  SangUr  sari:  a  name  given  to  a 
padi-s^int  (possibly  Seri),  and  (in  old 
romances)  used  as  a  term  of  endearment ;  Ht. 
Mas  Ed. 

gangling.  Jav.  M eny angling :  to  polish 
metal. 

sanglong.  Miscarriage,  premature  bearing, 
in  animals ;  v.  sanglok, 

sanglok.  (  Kedah.  )  Premature  bearing ; 
miscarriage,  in  animals ;  =  gugor,  of  human 
beings.  Sanglong  according  to  Maxwell. 
The  k  is  pronounced. 

sSngam.  Menyengam  :  to  guzzle,  to  eat  huge 
quantities,  to  eat  gluttonously;  Kl.,  v.  d.  W. 
In  Kedah  makan  seringam. 


49 


SiNQAU 


[    390    ] 


S£P0K 


^^^    sSngau.       I.      A   nasal  intonation ;    talking 
through  the  nose. 

II.  Pecking  at  anything  but  failing  to  reach 
it,  of  a  bird ;  darting  towards  some  object  but 
failing  to  reach  it. 

C^4A*«    Sdngongot.    A  fresh-water  fish  (unidentified). 


CrJ^ 


4i        * 

C; 


^IL- 


sangolon  or  sangulim.  Sacred  headship, 
Godhead,  divinity;  a  title  equivalent  to  our 
**  Sacred  Majesty  "  as  applied  to  earthly 
potentates;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  38;  Sej.  Mai., 
53 ;  Ht.  Sh.     See  also  s.  v.  sang, 

sangyang.  Holy  God,  a  title  given  to 
major  divinities  such  as  Brahma,  Vishnu  and 
Siva ;  v.  sang  and  yang. 


fc^ju-    SUfrah.     Arab.     A  white  tablecloth  used  at  a 
funeral  feast  (khanduri). 

sap.  A  name  given  to  a  piece  of  cloth  or 
cotton  rag  put  into  an  ink  pot.  Also  (Kedah) 
sirap'kartds  sap  :  a  name  sometimes  given  to 
blotting-paper. 


sup,      [Dutch,     soep,}       Soup;    broth; 
Abd.,  177;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 


Ht. 


Sdpatu.  [Port,  sapato.]  Shoes.  Tiikang  s. ; 
a  shoemaker;  Ht.  Abd.,  169.  Tiyada 
b^rsipatti:  shoeless,  barefooted;  K.  G.  T.,  18. 


f\L*i    Sdparo.     Jav.     A  half,  half;  =  sa-paro. 


sipSih!.  [  Pers.  and  Hind.  ]  A  sepoy,  a 
soldier  of  a  modern  army ;  Ht.  Abd.,  57,  253. 

SUpaya.  In  order  that ;  =  sa-tipaya, 
Supaya  tuwan  iahu :  that  you  may  know. 
Katakan4ah  supaya  kita  dengar :  say  it  that  we 
may  hear. 

sSpat.  I.  Ikan  sepat :  a  fresh- water  fish, 
colera  vulgaris.  Bodoh  bodoh  sepat,  nak  makan 
panching  mas  :  his  folly  is  that  of  the  sipat 
which  likes  to  be  caught  on  a  golden  hook  ; 
the  folly  of  a  toady  who  ruins  himself  in  try- 
ing to  mimic  the  great ;  Prov.  This  fish  is 
mentioned  :  Ht.  Abd.,  313  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

II.     Bitter, — in  one  expression  kachang  s^pat 
or  kachang  sepet,  a  species  of  bean  ;  Muj.,  47. 

Sdpet.     A  variant  of  sepet  or  sipit,  q.  v. 

S3pit.  Nipped,  confined,  squeezed  between 
two  surfaces.  Kuweh  sipii :  a  favourite  wafer- 
like cake  or  biscuit  much  affected  by  Chinese. 
Tolong  anjing  di-sipit :  to  help  a  dog  whose 
tail  has  got  jammed  (and  who  will  probably 
bite  you  in  his  rage  when  released) ;  to  nurse 
a  viper ;  Prov. 

BBrsepit :  possessed  of  claws  or  nippers  like 
a  crab. 


jysM^ 


w^^ArtM 


^ji*** 


IUUm 


O^ 


Tirs^pit :  jammed,  nipped.  Bila  Ursipit 
chart  kita  :  when  he  is  in  a  tight  place  he  looks 
us  up  ;  a  friend  who  only  makes  use  of  us  in 
difficulties  and  forgets  us  in  prosperity ;  Prov. 
KSra  birmain  baji  kayu,  baji  terchabut  ekor  ter- 
sepit:  when  monkeys  play  with  a  wooden 
wedge,  the  wedge  gets  pulled  out  and  their 
tails  get  jammed  in  ;  Prov. 

Penyepit :  the  tongs  used  by  a  brazier  for 
getting  the  mould  out  of  the  furnace. 

S@put.     Dull,  of  colours. 


septembar. 

462. 


Eur.     September ;    Ht.   Abd., 


sdpSrba.  Sang  sepirba  :  the  title  of  the  mythi- 
cal descendant  of  Alexander  the  Great  who 
appeared  on  Mount  Mahameru  and  founded 
the  Malay  Empire.  This  name  and  that  of 
another  (or  possibly  identical)  hero  of  the 
same  house,  Nila  Utama,  are  both  names  of 
heavenly  nymphs,  though  sekerba  is  more 
common  than  sBperba  in  this  latter  sense, 

sapSrti  or  s6p§rti.  Like,  similar  to,  in 
accordance  with,  as  regards,  as  for,  with 
reference  to.  Saperti  rabok  dengan  api :  like 
touchwood  and  fire  ;  Prov.  Saperti  chimbul 
dengan  tutup-nya  :  like  a  vessel  and  its  cover 
(fitting  each  other  exactly) ;  Prov.  In  these 
and  similar  proverbs  saperti  is  the  commoner 
word  in  use  in  Singapore  and  Malacca  and 
bagai  in  Penang.  Ku  pirbuwat-lah  sapBrti 
surohan  bapa-ku  :  I  did  it  in  accordance  with 
my  father's  orders ;  Ht.  Abd.,  32.  Maka 
saperti  Sultan  Husain  Shah  dan  Thnenggong 
itu  sakali'kali  tiyada-lah  lagi  berkuwasa  :  as  for 
Sultan  Husain  Shah  and  the  Temenggong, 
no  power  whatever  was  left  them  ;  Ht.  Abd., 
333- 

Dengan  saperti-nya :  in  the  way  it  ought  to 
be  done ;  appropriately ;  in  proper  style ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  39. 

Sapertikan :  like,  as  though  about  to ;  == 
sapBrti  akan. 


sgpSrai. 

coverlet. 


[  Dutch      sprei.  ]       Counterpane, 


sSpang.  Pokok  sepang :  a  thorny  tree  with 
yellow  flowers,  the  *'  sappan  "  tree  ;  asalpinia 
sappan, 

sSpak.  (Onom.)  A  blow  with  the  flat  of 
the  hand,  a  slap,  a  blow  with  a  racquet  in 
tennis;  Bint.  Tim.,  i3Mafc/f, '95.  MhtyBpak: 
to  slap ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 


v3*^    sSpik.     The  axle  of  a  wheel ;  Kl. 


Sdpok.  Thrusting  or  throwing  aside  care- 
lessly ;  putting  away  a  napkin  without  folding 
it  up ;  throwing  down  one's  clothes  without 
arranging  them  tidily  on  a  seat  or  table  for 
further  use. 


s£p£ku 


[   391   ] 


s£kati 


jpoL*  sSpSku.  An  epiphytic  shrub,  heptapletirum 
venulosum, 

rsSpam.      A  large    wild    mango   with    edible 
fruits,  mangifera  maingayi, 

\J^    sSpan.     A  tree,  dialhmi  patens.     Better  known 
as  keranji. 

0"^^^*^  sapantun.  Like,  as,  resembling ;  =  sa-pan- 
tun.     See  s.  v.  pantmi. 

i^y^    sapukal.     Keris    sapukal:    a  variety  of    the 
keris,  q,  v. 

^Oyu*  s6puleh,  Akar  sepuleh:  a  plant;  fagrcea 
racemosa,  or  ophioxylon  serpentinum. 

iSy^  s6puwi.  Softly  blowing,  of  the  wind.  Septiwi- 
sepuwi :  id.,  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb,, 
52.  Sepuwi-sepuwi  basah :  even  more  gently 
blowing;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  87. 


sSpah.  A  quid  of  chewed  betel-leaf,  often 
passed  by  a  lover  to  his  beloved  as  a  sign  of 
affection,  e,  g,,  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  26. 

S.  bulan  :  a  hazel-worm  or  filbert-worm. 

5,  puteri :  a  name  given  to  a  bird  (unidenti- 
fied) and  also  to  a  big  timber  tree,  pentace 
triptera, 

S.  raja :  a  name  sometimes  given  to  the 
bird  of  paradise. 

sSpoh.  Giving  a  gloss  to  anything,  polishing 
gold,  glazing  earthenware,  enamelling.  Sa- 
peril  mas  beharu  di-sBpoh,  or  saperti  mas  yang 
sudah  tersepoh :  like  polished  gold,  a  simile 
for  a  beautiful  white-yellow  complexion ;  Ht. 
Koris ;  Ht.  Mash.,  34.  Hilang  sepok  nampak 
senam :  the  gloss  is  gone  and  the  black  back- 
ground is  seen ;  a  proverbial  expression  de- 
scribing the  self-revelation  of  a  hypocrite  in 
his  true  colours  when  time  begins  to  show 
him  up. 


fj^    sSpai.     Scattered  about,  of  the  broken  frag- 
ments of  anything. 

<J^    sSpi.     Jav.     Still,  quiet,  calm. 

^6yi^    sSpegoh   or  sSpi^uh.     A   marine    shell-fish 
yielding  pearls  of  little  value. 


.4 


^j"^    sak.      (Riau.)      Pocket,    from 
(Straits  Settlements)  saku. 


Dutch     zak ; 


^  sek,  sik,  sok.  (Onom.)  Rustling  sounds 
of  various  intensity.  Sok-sik,  or  sok-sek:  to 
rustle. 


^jLu    sakti.     [Skr.   shakfi.]     Supernatural    power; 

talismanic  or  wonder-working  powers  vested 
in  an  individual  or  in  a  weapon.  Dcwa  yang 
s. :  a  wonder-working  deity.  Anak  panaJt 
yang  s. :  an  arrow  endowed  with  magical 
properties;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Saktikan :  to  endow  with  magical  or  super- 
natural power. 

Kesaktiyan :  the  supernatural  power  possessed 
by  an  individual  or  weapon ;  the  exercise  of 
that  power;  an  article  invested  with  that 
power,  a  talisman,  Mengadtc  k. :  to  contend, 
magic  against  magic.  See  Ht.  Abd.,  154; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.;  etc. 

ijr^    seksa  or  siksa.     [Skr.  shiksa,]     Punishment, 

tribulation,  torment,  vexation,  agony.  Sehaya 
sudah  rasa  banyak  seksa  tetekala  membaiki  injU : 
I  experienced  much  tribulation  when  I  was 
revising  the  Gospels ;  Ht.  Abd.,  184. 

Seksakan :  to  torment,  to  torture,  to  pain ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  305.  Menyeksa  :  id.,  Ht,  Sg.  Samb. 
Menyeksakan :  id.;  Ht.  Abd.,  61,  62,  117  ;  Sh. 
Sri  Ben.,  58, 

*uJLi   saksama  or  seksama.   [Skr,  ksama?]    DiH- 

gent  enquiry,  investigation.  Dengan  'ddil 
dan  morah  dan  seksama:  with  justice,  mercy 
and  careful  investigation ;  Sej.  MaL,  106. 
MashMr  dengan  seksama:  famed  for  diligent 
search  for  the  truth ;  Sh.  Jub.  MaL,  9. 

Hendak'lah  anakanda  jagakan  nama 
Mindirikan  hakk   dingan  seksama : 

may  you,  my  son,  guard  your  name  and 
bring  out  the  truth  by  careful  enquiry;  Sh. 
Nas.,  4. 


jcJu#  saksi.  [Skr.  sdksi.]  Witness,  evidence. 
Kirana  tiyada  saksi  yang  minunjokkan  bath 
jahat  atau  salah  benar-nya:  there  was  no 
evidence  to  show  whether  it  was  good  or 
bad,  true  or  false;  Ht.  Abd.,  25. 


Ji^Ju• 


r 


sakalat.  Pers.  Heavy  fine  broadcloth  such 
as'  the  cloth  of  which  dress  uniforms  are 
made.     Also  sakldt,  and  sakhlat. 

sokma.  [Skr.  suksma.]  The  soul  in  contra- 
distinction to  raga,  the  body,  both,  however, 
being  used  in  the  old  Indian  theological  sense 
and  not  in  the  modern  Muhammadan  sense. 
Sang  yang  sokma :  the  Word-soul,  the  Uni- 
versal soul  from  which  individual  souls  derive 
their  origin.  Sokma  also  occurs  as  a  mere 
complimentary  epithet,  e.  g^.,  puUri  sokma  (Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.),  nujilm  sokma  (Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  47), 
etc. 


J\C 


sSkati.     A  musical  instrument  (obsolete); 
Sh.  Kub. ;  Sej.  MaL,  144. 


Ht. 


SfeKATIMUNA 


[    392    ] 


SiKOCHI 


Oj^ 


X^Swi 


s3katimuna.  Ular  sSkatimuna:  a  fabulous 
serpent  of  monstrous  size,  slain  by  Sang 
Seperba's  sword  Chura  Simandang  Kini,  This 
sword  (with  the  notches  resulting  from  this 
encounter)  is  often  mentioned  among  the 
regalia  of  Menangkabau. 

jUw#    sgkara.     A  flower.     Only  used  in  very  poeti- 
cal language. 

^\>w»    sfikarang.     Now,    at   this   time.     S.   ini :   at 
this  very  moment- 


Oi^wV^ 


iJ1.*»!Kmm» 


..^ 


s3kat.  I.  Being  in  the  way,  obstructing, 
intercepting,  interposing  oneself  in  a  man's 
way,  blocking,  barring  the  passage.  Di-sSkat 
uleh  Shah  Mengindera  Ratenalogam :  his  pas- 
sage was  barred  by  Shah  M.  R. ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.  S^gala  parit  habis  di-sekat :  all  the 
drains  were  blocked;  Sh.  Bah.  Sing.,  5. 

Sikatan :  a  bar,  an  obstruction  to  traffic ; 
Sh.  Nas.,  10. 

Menyekati :  to  bar  a  man's  passage.  Peng- 
lima  Nara  Gtmong  menyekati  amok  raja  : 
Penglima  N.  G.  stood  in  the  way  of  the 
King's  charge ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

Bilek  bersekat :  a  room  partitioned  off  from 
another. 


11.     A 

plough. 


clod    of  soil    turned    over    by   the 


sSkot  or  s6kut.  I.  Narcotic  compounds  or 
charms  used  by  thieves  to  facilitate  their 
work  by  putting  their  victims  to  sleep. 

II.     Greedy,  covetous. 


SUkachita.     [Skr,  sukha'Chitta,]     Joy  ;  v,  stika 
*  and  chita. 


sSkfidup.     [Arab.?]     The    litter-like    saddle 
on  a  camel's  back. 


sSkgdomba.      A  large    marine   fish,    KL;   a 
fresh-water  fish  (Kedah).     Unidentified. 


sSkSdudok.     A  generic    name  for  a  number 

of  shrubs  (e,  g,,  marumia  muscosa)  ;  Ht.  Abd., 
196.  Also  called  sendudok  and  (Kedah) 
kedudok, 

sikudidi.     ( Daik. )     The  common  sandpiper ; 
rhyacophila  glaecola.     Also  kMidi, 

sSkar.     Jav.     A    flower.     Also  (more  poeti- 
cally) sekara. 

SUkar.     [Pers.  shagar,]     Sugar. 

sakarba  or  s6k6rba.    I.     [Skr.   sagarbha,] 
Full  brother. 


mX*mK<^^l^ 


11.  [Skr.  suprabhdJ]  One  of  the  fairest 
nymphs  of  Heaven,  mentioned  as  having 
been  given  to  Bhauma  by  Indra  in  token  of 
the  former's  victory  over  the  Gods ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.  By  extension,  her  name,  like  that  of 
her  companion  Nila  Utama,  has  become  a 
royal  title  in  Sang  Siperba^  and  is  used  in  the 
sense  of  **  king  "  ;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  3,  28. 

sSkfir^tari.     Eur.     Secretary;  Ht.  Abd.,  11. 

sSkSrup.  [Dutch ;  schroef,]  A  screw ;  a 
screw-nail  (not  the  screw  of  a  ship);  Ht, 
Abd.,  301.     PSmtdas  s. :  a  screw-driver. 

seksa  or  siksa.    See  ^yu  . 

saksi.     See  ^^*^  . 

sSkop.      [Dutch  :  schop,]     A  spade,  a  shovel, 

sSkuL  A  coco-nut  shell  (with  a  small 
aperture  but  no  handle)  used  as  a  receptacle 
for  liquids.  Sa-telah  terbit-lah  ayer  anggor  itn 
maka  di-taroh-nya  dalant  sekul-nya :  when  the 
wine  ran  out,  he  collected  it  in  his  coco-nut 
flask;  Ht.  Hamz.,  81. 

sakaliyan  or  s^kgliyan.    All ;  see  kali, 

sSkam.  Padi-hn^k,  chaff.  Stidah  menjadi 
sekam :  he  (or  it)  has  become  chaff,  t.  e., 
worthless ;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  38. 

Kalau  ku  simpan,  jadi  ma'nikam ; 
Kalau    ku   buka,  jadi  sekam  : 

kept,  it  is  a  jewel ;    shown,   it  is  worthless 
chaff; — a  secret. 

Api  di'dalam  sekam :  fire  in  a  heap  of  chaff ; 
i.  e.,  smouldering  and  outwardly  invisible, 
but  always  there  and  ready  to  burst  into 
flame  at  any  moment ;  Prov, 

sSkanda.  A  flower;  a  variant  of  seganda, 
q.  V. 


4^ 

jJoXmi    sfikandar.      [Arab,     iskandar,]      Alexander; 
Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  17. 


4«OsmM 


ji 


3aXi.W 


^^ 


sakinah.     Arab.     Calm,  rest,  peace. 

sakutu  or  sSkutu.  Partnership;  united; 
a  mate,  a  partner.  Terikat  Ugoh  sakutu : 
joined  in  firm  union ;  Sh.  Panj .  Sg.  Persakutu : 
a  partnership;  Ht.  Abd.,  314. 

sSkotah.  Completeness.  Sekotah-nya  tahu: 
to  the  best  of  his  knowledge. 

sSkochi.  [Dutch  :  schuitje.]  A  boat,  a  gig,  a 
ship's  cutter;  Ht.  Abd.,  113,  191,  209,  284. 

S.  Melaka:  a  peculiar  native  vessel  with  a 
raised  cabin  and  ports  in  its  centre,  a  plat- 
form (dandan)  at  the  bows,  and  a  rudder  of 
European  type. 


sSkopono 


[    393    ] 


sSqah 


sSkopong.  [Dutch:  schoppen.]  The  suit 
*'  spades  "  in  playing  cards.  Main  s. :  to  play 
at  cards  generally ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

sSkuwik.  (Bugis.)  Naga  sekuwik :  a  talis- 
man worn  by  women  after  childbirth.     Also 

sekiiwi. 


jSk^    sSkunar.     Eng.     Schooner  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  217. 

^^^    Sfekowi    or     s§kuwi.      I.      Italian      millet, 
*  p^niamt  italicum, 

II.     See  sehtwik, 

<Os^  sikkah.  Arab.  The  impression  of  the  mint ; 
the  die  giving  a  coin  its  claim  to  acceptance 
as  a  medium  of  exchange,  the  stamp  of  value. 
Rupiyah  sikkah^  the  **  sicca ''  rupee  ;  Ht.  Abd.. 
108.  Suratkan  nania  raja  pada  sikkah  dirham- 
nya  :  to  write  the  name  of  a  prince  upon  the 
die  of  his  coins  ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

4k.«^  sSkah.  Broken,  but  not  altogether  severed 
from  the  parent  tree,  of  a  branch  or  bough. 

(^\^^    SUkahati.     Joy ;  v.  stika  and  hati. 

^Sws^    sSkiki.     Ikan  sekiki:   a  fresh-water  fish    (un- 
-  '  identified);  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  18. 

C^y^^  sakiyan.  So  much,  so.  Sa-kiyan  jauh,  so 
far.     See  kiyan. 

OS^  sSkin  or  sikkin.  [Arab,  sikkifi,]  A  knife; 
Ht.  Suit.  Ibr.,  3 ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  245. 

\>w»  sSga.  Smooth;  shining  on  the  surface,  as 
paper.  Rotan  s,  :  the  common  rattan  of 
commerce.  Rotan  s.  badak  :  a  variety,  calamus 
ornatus, 

j\X^  s6gara.  I.  [Skr.  sdgara,]  The  ocean. 
Gelombang  di-tengah  segara :  the  waves  in  the 
midst  of  the  sea;  Bint.  Tim,,  14  March,  1895. 
Onihak  segara  terlalu  besar-nya  :  the  waves  of 
the  ocean  were  of  enormous  size ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Segara  kidul :  the  Southern  Ocean,  the  Indian 
Ocean,  as  viewed  from  Java  ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 

Segara  madu,  or  madti  segara  :  an  expression 
significant  of  great  sweetness,  but  differently 
interpreted  by  Malay  writers,  some  of  whom 
take  segara  to  mean  **  ocean  '*  and  others 
**  sugar."  Segara  madu  pantai-nya  gula:  an 
ocean  of  honey  with  a  beach  of  sugar ;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg. 

II.  [Pers.  shagar.]  Sugar.  Lautan  madu 
berpantaikan  segara  :  a  sea  of  honey  with  a 
beach  of  sugar ;  Ht.  Koris. 

III.  [Jav.  sekar.]  A  flower;  Ht.  Sh.,  Ht. 
Mas  Ed.     Also  sekara. 


J^    Sggala.     All.     Usually  spelt  J^  ,  q. 


V. 


j*^** 


\>1 


sSgar.  The  feeling  of  health  and  strength ; 
fitness.  Segar4ah  tuboh-nya:  he  felt  strong; 
Ht.  Abd.,  467.  Maka  Jaya  Lenggara  itn-ptm 
hirasa4ah  segar  tuboh-nya  sakit  itu :  Jaya 
Lenggara  felt  health  returning  to  his  body 
weakened  by  disease  ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 

sSgSra  or  sigSra.  [Skr.  shighra.]  Speedily, 
quickly,  without  delay,  promptly.  Barang 
siiwatu  perbuwatan-nya  itu  berlambafan  tiyada 
dhigan  sigera :  everything  he  did  was  slow, 
it  was  not  done  promptly;  Ht.  Abd.,  337. 
Sigera  di-usir-nya :  he  promptly  chased  him  ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  4.  MenyigBrakan:  to  hurry  up, 
to  expedite.  M.  semboh :  to  expedite  recovery ; 
Muj,,  22. 

•rip^^    sSgarba.     A  variant  of  sekerba,  q.  v. 


sSgSrup.     All  together,  at  once,  in  one  motion, 
in  harmony  or  unison. 

s6gak.     Large,  strong, — of  a  fire  ;  KL,  v.d.W., 
Pijn." 


s6gala.     All,  the  whole,  the  entire.     S.  Uiboh  : 
the   whole   body ;    Ht.    Sg.    Samb.     Hikdyat 
segala  kehidopan-ku :   the  story  of  my  whole 
life;Ht.  Abd.,  3. 
From  Tamil ;  v.  d.  T. 

Sfigfilinggam.  [Tamil :  sadalinggamJ]  Ver- 
milion, red-lead.     Better  sedUinggam. 

sSgan.  Slow  to  move,  slow,  idle.  Berchemar 
duli  jangan-lah  segan :  do  not  be  slow  about 
dirtying  your  feet;  do  not  hesitate  to  walk 
for  fear  of  dirtying  your  feet;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch., 
19.  Segan  berkayoh  perahu  hanyut :  if  you  are 
slow  to  paddle,  your  boat  will  be  borne 
away  by  the  current ;  Prov.  Segan  bManya 
sesat  jalan  :  if  you  are  slow  to  make  enquiries 
you  will  only  lose  your  way,  Prov.  These 
proverbs  also  occur  with  the  word  main 
taking  the  place  of  segan. 

Petty egan  :  sluggard.  Jangan  di-beri  iya-nya 
penyegan :  do  not  allow  him  to  be  a  sluggard ; 
Sh.  Nas.,  8.  The  form  pesegan  also  occurs  : 
Ht.  Koris. 

jtl^^M    sSguntang.     The     Sacred     Mountain     from 
^^  which  Sang  Seperba  descended;  a  mountain 

in  the  interior  of  Palembang;  Sej.  Mai.     Often 
called  segantang  by  Peninsular  Malays. 

JwtSw.  sfeganda.  [Skr.  gandha :  fragrance.]  A  name 
or  introductory  name  {**the  fragrant")  given 
to  a  number  of  flowers,  e.  g.,  seganda  puri, 
(Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  25),  seganda  mala  (Ht.  Sri 
Rama).     See  ganda, 

3j5w  sSguro.  [Port,  seguro,]  Franked,  free  of 
postage, — of  a  letter. 

*6w»    sSgah.     An  unpleasant  feeling  of  inflation  of 
the  stomach  ;  fullness  after  meals. 


sioi 


[    394    1 


SiLAPUT 


45^ 


i> 


s3gi.  Side,  corner,  angle.  £mpat  s,,  or  hnpat 
pesegi:  square.  Intan  bers^gi-sBgi :  a  diamond 
with  many  facets,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Sa-putar 
^dlam  phegi:  round  every  side  of  the  earth; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg, 

Misegi :  (Kedah)  square ;  four-sided,  of  a  piece 
of  land  \^=zempat  pBsegi, 

Segi  is  also  used  of  a  kind  of  scaling  ladder 
formed  by  notches  cut  into  a  long  log ;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah. 

The  form  sagi  also  occurs. 
J^    sel.     Eng.     Sail. 

J^^  8§la.  I.  Interval,  intervening  body,  space 
between.  Tiyada  bersela :  continuous,  un- 
broken;  Sej.  Mai.,  90;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  18; 
Sh.  Bid.,  12.  S.pukang:  the  fork,  the  point 
where  the  lower  limbs  meet ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 
5.  batu  :  a  shell,  pholas, 
Cf.  chelah,  selang,  sHat,  etc. 

11.  Ular  tedong  sela :  (Kedah)  the  hama-^ 
dryad,  ophiophagus  elaps  or  naia  bungarus;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah.     Better  tedong  sBlar. 

•j;  jL«  S61atan.  The  South ;  the  side  on  which  the 
Straits  are,  t.^,,  the  South,  from  the  Malay 
Peninsula;  Cr.  Hist.  Ind.  Arch.,  I.,  311. 
Jauh  ka-sUatan :  far  to  the  South ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  17.  Sa-belah  selatan:  in  a  Southern 
direction  ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.     See  selat. 

rO^-***    SilSJl.     Arab.     Arms,  weapons. 

^^    sSlada.     I.     [Port,  sa/arfa.]     Salad. 

n.     The  name  of  a  tree,  unidentified. 

iSj^J^    S61ad6ri.     [Dutch:  selderij.]     Celery. 

pAL,    sSladang.     I.    The  large  wild  ox  of  the  Malay 
^-^  Peninsula,  the  **  Indian  bison  "or  gaur;  bos 

gaums:  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  17;  Sej.  MaL,  118. 
S.  mtida :  a  children's  game. 

II.  On  the  same  elevation  or  floor, — of  two 
rooms, 

j!y^  sSlara.  I.  Fine  thorns,  like  thistle-down,  to 
be  found  on  the  stems  of  some  plants ;  the 
shed  skin  of  the  sugar-cane. 

II.  Anak  selara  :  the  young  of  the  sBmbilang 
fish ;  Kl.,  V.  d.  W.,  Pijn.  In  Kedah,  a  sepa- 
rate and  fresh- water  fish. 

pj^    sSlarong.    A  path   made   by  elephants  and 
^^  rhinoceros    beating    their  way  through    the 

jungle ;  a  wild-beast  track. 

^jj^    sSlaroh.     Always  obtainable,  of  goods. 

U^^    Sfilasa,     [Arab,   thaldtha,]     Han  sUasa:   the 
third  day  of  the  week,  Tuesday, 


«Mjfw> 


Mfjrwi 


^S^ 


t»JFW 


CriMiL, 


o-p: 


^^ 


^%. 


sSIasar.  A  side  gallery  or  verandah  in  a 
house.  Dudok  di-selasar  balai :  to  sit  in  the 
side  galleries  of  a  public  hall ;  Sej.  MaL,  92. 
Penoh  tumpat  serambi  selasar :  the  verandahs 
and  side  galleries  were  all  crowded;  Sh. 
Peng.,  14.  Maka  tuwan  puUri  k^duwa  pun 
kaluwar-lah  dudok  di-silasar  mahaligai  menanti 
Shah  Kubdd :    the  two  princesses   came  out 

and  sat  on  the  verandah  of  the  palace  await- 
ing Shah  Kubad ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Orang  tuwa   megat  selasar 

Tinggi   dudok   daripada   berdiri : 

the  old  man,  the  lord  of  the  verandah,  who 
is  taller  when  sitting  than  when  standing  up ; 
a  dog ;  Prov. 

sSlaseh  or  sulasih.  [Skr.  ttdasi.]  A  kind 
of  mint,  basil,  ocymmn  basilicum.  The  word 
often  occurs  in  pantuns  as  a  mechanical  rhyme 
for  kaseh:  e.g.,  J.  I.  A.,  II.,  182;  Ht.  Sh, 
Kub. ;  Ht.  Koris ;  etc. 

Mabok  bunga  selaseh :  an  expression  signify- 
ing that  a  person  is  very  drunk  indeed ;  but  it 
is  not  clear  whether  it  means  that  a  person  is 
as  drunk  as  though  he  had  been  eating  this 
mint,  or  whether  he  is  so  drunk  as  to  sway 
from  side  to  side  as  the  flower  of  the  sweet 
basil.  The  words  occur:  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  11; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. ;  Ht.  Sri 
Rama ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  52 ;  etc.  The  flower  of 
the  sweet  basil  can  also  be  used  as  a  compli- 
mentary simile : 

Laksamana  pergi  ka-Acheh, 

Anak   China  jadi  utusan; 
Tuwan  laksana   bunga  selaseh, 

Bau-nya   tidak   berputusan : 

you,  Sir,  are  like  the  sweet  basil  which  keeps 
its  fragrance  for  ever;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

S.  dandi :  a  common  little  shrub  with  blue 
flowers,  stachytarpheta  indica. 

S.  hutan  :  another  plant,  hyptis  suaveolens. 


sSlasi. 

q.  V. 


The  sweet  basil ;  a  variant  of  selaseh. 


SalSittn.     Arab.     Sultans;  the  plural  of  sW^afJ. 

Tdju's-saldtin :  the  Crown  of  Kings ;  the  title 
of  a  Malay  work.  Bustdnu's-saldtm :  the 
Garden  of  Kings;  the  title  of  another  work. 


PviLw    sSlangat.     A  fresh -water  fish  (unidentified). 


sSIangor.  The  name  of  a  State  on  the  West 
Coast  of  the  Malay  Peninsula;  (Kedah)  the 
name  of  a  kind  of  ant. 


s3IaptLt.  Any  thin  filmy  or  gauzy  covering,  if 
an  unnatural  growth.  S.  mata :  the  film 
that  forms  over  the  eye,  in  cataract;  Ht. 
Haiw.     Cf.  saput  and  selupat. 


s£laka 


[    395    ] 


SILSILAT 


w3  jLai  s31aka.  L  A  bamboo  frame  like  an  inverted 
basket  used  for  smoking  garments,  etc.,  over 
a  low  fire  of  fragrant  wood  and  so  imparting 
a  fragrance  to  the  garments. 

II.     Jav.     Silver.     Mas    selaka:    gold    and 
silver;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Ai3L>#  Sllld.lat.  Arab.  Extraction,  descent.  Suld- 
laMS'Saldtin:  the  **  Descent  of  Kings,"  a  name 
for  the  Malay  Annals. 


y^^    sSlalu.     Always ;  =  sa-lalu. 


sal&m.     Arab.     Peace;    salutation. 
*alaikum  :   peace  be  with  you  ! 


AS'Saldm 


sallUnat  or  sSIamat.  Arab.  Peace,  security, 
safety.  Raja  pun  saldmat-lah  sampai  ka-Melaka : 
the  Governor  reached  Malacca  safely;  Ht. 
Abd.,  78.  Saldntat  sampai:  may  you  arrive 
safely ! — a  courteous  farewell  wish  to  a  travel- 
ler. Saldmat  jalan :  bon  voyage !  Saldmat 
tinggal:  a  farewell  from  a  traveller  to  one 
who  stays  behind. 

Saldmatan:  safety;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  27. 
Kesaldmatan :  id. ;  Sh.  Jub.  MaL,  2.  Bir- 
saldmatan  :  in  safety,  with  safety,  safely ;  Sh. 
Sri  Ben.,  84. 

iS^K^    sSlaya.     A  small  pigeon  or  dove  (unidentified) . 

jy^  sSlayut.  A  scarecrow  worked  with  strings, 
the  movements  of  which  frighten  birds  away. 
Tali  sUaytit  chiyak :  the  string  for  working 
one  of  these  scarecrows. 

K^    sSlayer.     A  very  large  fish  (unidentified). 

K^^  Sfilayun.  A  scarecrow  frightening  birds  by 
its  noise  rather  than  by  its  appearance  and 
movements;  cf.  selayut.  It  is  worked  by 
strings. 


Ck 


y^    salbu   or   sS16bu.      Latit  salbu 
Ocean,  the  Indian  Ocean. 


the   Great 


^^i*-    SUlbl.       [Arab, 
coccyx. 


f^^  .]     Ttdang    sulbi :    the 


s61at.  A  strait;  an  arm  of  the  sea  separating 
two  pieces  of  land.  S.  Singapura:  the  Straits 
of  Singapore.  S.  ieberau :  the  Straits  be- 
tween Singapore  Island  and  the  mainland. 

By  extension,  selat  is  a  name  often  given  to 
the  Settlement  of  Singapore;  Ht.  Abd., 
4>  215. 

See  also  selatan.     Cf.  s^/a,  selang,  cMah,  etc. 

sSlit.  I.  Thrust,  stuck  or  jammed  between 
two  surfaces, — as  a  pistol  or  dagger  is  stuck 
between  belt  and  body ;  Ht.  Koris. 

TersHit :  stuck  or  jammed  between. 


>\jJl. 


^J 


jJl. 


:jL 


Jr"*** 


^J 


f\iiMi^Lgh» 


AXmJLw 


May  at  di-bawa  ka-Tanjong  Palas, 
Lain  t^rselit  di-chelah   battle : 

the  body  was  borne  to  Tanjong  Palas  and 
then  was  thrust  into  a  hole  among  the  rocks ; 
Sh.  Raj.  Haji,  186.  Terselit  kaki :  to  have 
one's  foot  jammed  in  an  orifice;  Sh.  Sg. 
Kanch.,  21.  Terselit  di-nigiri  or ang :  caught 
(/.«.,  "stranded")  in  a  foreign  country;  Ht. 
P.  J.  P.  Terselit  di-daHrah  Kampong  orang : 
id.,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  TersUit  is  sometimes  used 
by  itself  in  this  sense. 

Anak  Keling  dalam  masjid 
Chtichi  tangan  dalam   timba; 

Sehaya  dagang  lagi  tersHit, 
Lagi  t^rchampak  di-hutan   rimba: 

I  am  a  stranger  stranded  and  cast  away  in  a 
desolate  jungle. 

II.  [Dutch:    beshdt,]      End,    conclusion, 
close,  termination. 

III.  Sampan  selit :  a  peculiar  boat  with  a 
movable  bulwark  or  side  to  it. 

sSlut.  Soft,  yielding,  clammy,  as  mud  ;  slush, 
mud  with  a  large  admixture  of  water.  Jijak 
selut  kaki  ferbenam :  if  you  tread  on  mud,  your 
foot  will  be  buried  in  it ;  if  you  tell  a  lying 
story,  you  will  find  it  hard  to  keep  consistent ; 
Prov. 

SOldadu.  [Port,  soldado.]  A  soldier;  Ht. 
Abd.,  191.  Also  serdaduj  and  (Kedah)  s^ri 
dadu. 


sSldSri.       [Dutch :    selderij,] 
siladeri  and  (Kedah)  sBderi, 


Celery.      Also 


SUldi.     [Arab.  c^-XJ^  .] 

apple  (in  the  throat), 
of  Paradise  '*  or  of  Eden. 


Buwah  suldi :  Adam's 
Literally:  ''the  fruit 


sSlar.  I.  Branding,  burning  with  red-hot 
iron.  Selar  dengan  best:  id.  Sh.  Abd.  Mk., 
73. 

11.  Creeping  along  the  ground  like  a  snake. 
Minyilar :  to  so  creep.  Ular  tUong  selar : 
(Kedah)  the  hamadryad,  naia  bungarus, 
Ikan  s. :  a  fish  (unidentified). 


sUasari 

pattern 
Meng. 


Bajn  silasari :  a  coat  of  an  unknown 
mentioned  in   romances ;     Ht.   Ind» 


silsilat.  Arab.  Chain,  pedigree,  genealogical 
tree.  Ini-lah  silsilat  asal  pinghtdtt  Naning : 
this  is  the  pedigree  showing  the  descent  of 
the  rulers  of  Naning ;  Ht.  Abd.  395.  Nama- 
ku  itti^  ada  di-antara  silsilat  raja-raja :  my  name 
is  to  be  found  in  the  genealogies  of  kings ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  123. 

In  colloquial  language  this  word  is  usually 
pronounced  salsilah,  or  sila-silah,  or  (Kedah) 
sala  silah. 


s£las£ma 


[  396  ] 


SfiLOK 


V^HkkLiM 


^L%i<mJl»»' 


,\kL 


i\kL 


4j\iaL 


iJUi 


sdlasSma.     A  cold  in  the  heo^d  ;=^sesema,  q.  v. 

Sdldsai.  Settlement,  termination,  finish, 
winding  up.  Sudah  sUesai  daripada  pekerjaan 
itu :  when  that  business  was  finisned ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  333. 

Sa4elah  selesai  daripada  aku  bHajar  mengaji 
Kurdn  :  when  I  had  finished  my  study  of  the 
Koran  ;    Ht,  Abd.,  32. 

Selesaikan  :  to  settle,  to  wind  up,  to  put  an 
end  to,  Selesaikan  p^khjaan  itu  jangan  lagi 
bertanggoh'tanggoh :  settle  that  business,  do 
not  go  on  postponing  it ;   Ht.  Abd.,  256. 

salasilah  or  silasila.  [Arab,  sikilat.] 
Pedigree,  genealogy ;  see  silsilat, 

SUltdill.     Arab.     Sovereign,  Sultan,  Emperor  ; 

(properly)  an  independent  sovereign  recogniz- 
ing no  suzerain  or  paramount  power ;  a  title 
assumed  by  several  native  princes  and  recog- 
nized by  Great  Britain  without  regard  to  its 
meaning. 

SUlt4ni.     Arab.     Appertaining   to   a   Sultan ; 

imperial.  Raja  s. :  an  imperial  prince ;  Sh, 
Bid.,  3.  Rayat  s. :  subjects  of  the  (Turkish) 
empire    ^'     "     —     -  - 


Sh.  Pr.  Turki,  lo. 


sult&nat. 

empire. 


Arab.       Sultanate,     sovereignty, 


sSlang.  I.  Placed  at  intervals;  placed  in 
alternation ;  having  one  between  ;  an  interval, 
an  interstice;  in  the  interim.  Selang  tiga 
empat  bulan  lagi  datang-lah  pula  surat-surat : 
after  an  interval  of  three  or  four  months, 
more  letters  arrived ;  Ht.  Abd.,  347.  Selang 
sa-pintu :  every  second  door.  Intan  di-selang 
dengan  podi :  diamonds  alternating  with  small 
gems ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Selangseli :  pointing  alternately  in  one  di- 
rection and  in  the  other ;  e.  g,,  as  weapons 
arranged  so  that  the  point  of  one  is  just 
above  the  hilt  of  the  next,  and  vice  versa, 

Selangi :  to  alternate,  to  place  in  alternate 
places ;  Sh.  Bid.,  6, 

B er selang :  alternating,  at  intervals.  Tidak 
berselang :  without  a  break ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg., 
Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  47.  Berselang-selang  hari:  every 
alternate  day  or  every  second  day ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  168. 

Cf.  sHa^  chelah,  selatf  etc. 

n.  Selangkan:  although,  even  though,  even 
when,  Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;=  sedangkan, 
which  is  the  commoner  form. 

mL-    sSling.     I.     Jav.    Glazed  earthenware,  porce- 
^        Iain. 

n.  [Eng.  shilling.]  A  twenty-cent  piece 
(in  Kedah). 

HI.     Eng.     A  sling  used  in  loading  cargo. 


IV.     Eng.     Papan  seling :  (Province  Welles- 
ley)  a  ceiling. 

jw-M*    sSlong.     Angin  selong  btibn  :  an  eddy,  a  whirl- 
^         wind ;  better  angin  selembubu. 


dS^L 


^kALm 


1|3J|Lm 


u^ii.'^ 


sSlangka.     Tulang  sHangka :  the  collar  bone. 

Kena  s. :  to  be  put  to  death  by  the  keris  :  to 
be  executed  in  the  manner  known  by  the 
term  salang, 

sSlongkar  or  sgllingkar.  I .  Menyelongkar : 
to  search  a  man's  belongings  for  anything, 
e.  g,,  for  stolen  property;  to  turn  everything 
upside  down  in  searching ;  Ht.  Best. 

n.     Ahar  selongkar :  a  climber  (unidentified). 


s^longkang    or     sSlungkang.      Debased, 
falsified  (of  metals);  bad,  of  coin. 


sSlap.  Unconscious ;  loss  of  sensation ; 
insensible.  This  insensibility  is  attributed  by 
Malays  to  the  influence  of  evil  spirits.  Also 
selip. 


v-ii.^    S61ip.     (Penang.)     A  variant  of  selit,  q.  v. 

^3^***    sSlup.     I.     Seeselap. 

n.     Eng.     Sloop ;  Ht.  Abd.,  226. 

^^^  SelSpa.  A  small  receptacle  for  sireh  or 
tobacco  ;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  10 ;  Sh.  Kumb. 
Chumb.,  8.  This  receptacle  is  of  metal.  In 
Kedah,  the  whole  set  of  sireh  requisites  would 
be  called  bekas  pinang,  the  little  metal  boxes 
making  up  the  set  would  be  each  known  as 
selepa.     The  form  chelepa  also  occurs. 


sSlSpat.  Smeared,  daubed  with  matter  or 
paint ;  stuck  together,  of  the  eyelids,  by 
coagulated  matter. 


juiLw  sSlSpong.  Berselepong :  filthy,  dirty,  daubed 
with  dirt.     Cf.  selepat, 

3^  s61ak.  I.  The  bolt  fastening  of  a  door ;  the 
stick  holding  the  tajok  in  position  in  a  boat ; 
any  sort  of  cross-bar  holding  two  bodies  apart. 
Cf.  sela,  selat,  selang^  etc. 

II.     Insatiable ;  KL,  v.  d.  W.,  Pijn. 

^Lai    gglok.     Groping  after  something  unseen,  e.  g.^ 

putting  the  hand  into  the  pocket  in  search  of 
money;  Pel.  Abd.,  106.  Alang-alang  menye- 
lok  pekasam  biyar  sampai  ka-pangkal  lengan: 
when  you  are  groping  with  your  hand  into 
the  fish-tub,  you  may  as  well  thrust  the  arm 
in  to  the  elbow ;  you  may  as  well  be  hanged 
for  a  sheep  as  for  a  lamb ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
.  IIL,  41- 


s^LiauRi 


[    397    ] 


sSlindong 


Sjy^ 


h 


0^ 


jiU« 


sSlgguri.  A  shrub  or  small  tree  with  yellow 
flowers ;  clerodendron  disparifolium, 

S,  padang :  a  common  small  shrub  found  in 
open  country  ;  sida  rhombifolia. 

Akars,:  a  little  creeping   plant  with   small 
pink  flowers ;   desrnodumt  parvifolium. 

Also  cheleguri,  chinagtiri,  etc. 

sSlam.  Diving;  the  diver's  art.  Apa-bila  di- 
angkat  kepala-nya  daripada  selam-nya :  when 
he  lifted  his  head  (above  water)  after  his 
immersion ;  Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  8g. 

Juru  s. :   a  diver ;  Ht.  Gh. 


to  immerse  (a  person) 
him ;    Ht.  Ind.  Jaya; 


m  water; 
Sh.  Bur. 


Selamkan : 
to  "duck'' 
Pungg.,  17. 

Menyelam :  to  dive,  to  go  under  water, 
Orang  menyelam  mutiya :  a  diver  after  pearls ; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  370.  Sambil  menyelam  sambil 
mtfmm  :  to  dive  and  drink  at  the  same  time ; 
to  burn  the  candle  at  both  ends;  Prov.,  Ht. 
Abd,,  146. 

c--^  Sfilamba.  I.  Unabashed,  brutal.  Mengilu- 
warkan  kata  dengan  selamba-nya  :  to  speak  out 
brutally;  Sh.  Ul.,  14.  Mukas.:  a  brutal  face; 
Ht.  Koris. 


n.     A  lump  of  foecal  matter. 


sgldmbana. 

ship. 


Menyelembana :  to  lay  to,   of  a 


sSlembayong.  A  projecting  post  or  arm 
resting  on  the  pillar  at  each  end  of  the  pentas 
in  a  princely  dwelling  and  used  for  suspending 
ornaments  from  at  great  festivities  ;  a  similar 
projecting  yard  arm  used  for  ornamental 
purposes  on  a  state-ship  or  barge. 


J^"^   sglimbar. 

sclerophylla . 


A   large   wild   gambier,     tmcaria 


J"^^    sSlumbar.      Long  nail-like  thorns,  as   those 
on  the  nibong. 

Ayer  mati  memanching   hirau, 

Singgah   di-beting   kutip   agar-agar; 

Buta   larang   tergagau-gagati, 
J  art   hantti   di4ikam  selumbar : 

the  dim-sighted  man  went  groping  about  until 
his  middle-fmger  was  pierced  with  nibong 
thorns  ; — a  man  learns  by  experience  but  the 
lessons  are  painful ;  Prov. 

Jt^    Sglmnbu.     (Kedah.)   The  slough  of  a  snake ; 
(Riau,  Johor)  selomo,  q.v. 

j{jt^    S§16mbubu.     (Riau,  Johor.)    A  whirlwind,  an 
eddying  wind  ;  =  (Kedah)  selong  bubu. 


Sfilampit.  I.  (Kedah.)  A  travelling  reciter 
of  stories;  arhapsodist;  (Riau,  Johor)  pBng- 
lipor  lara.  SUampit  is  properly  the  name  of  a 
mythical  hero  whose  exploits  are  celebrated 
by  these  story-tellers  and  after  whom  they 
have  therefore  been  named. 

n.     A  plait  of  rope  or  hair. 

^2^M^  sSlimpat.  Wickerwork,  plaited  work.  Awans,: 
a  guilloche  pattern  resembling  wickerwork ;  a 
pattern  of  interwoven  bands;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  2 ; 
Ht.  Koris.  Bunga  s. :  the  flower  of  a  small 
SLVoid, piptospatha  ridleyi ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb., 
14.  Ular  s.  ;  a  snake  (unidentified).  S.  ayer  : 
a  small  aroid,  aglaonema  minus, 

C-^JJlu    sSlumput.     Touchy,  ill-tempered. 


sSlomperet.     Eur.     Trumpet;  Cr.  Hist.  Ind. 
Arch.,  I..  334. 


sSlempang.     Cross-wise,  cross-shaped  ;  wear- 
ing in  cross-shape. 

Selempangkan;  to  wear  a  garment  (e,g.,  a  selen- 
dang)  cross-wise  over  the  chest ;  Ht.  Abd.,  424. 

(^^jaJLm    sfilampuri.     (Riau,  Johor.)     Kain  selamptiri : 
Serampore-made  cloth ;  (Kedah)  kain  silamptiri. 

^  jLJu   sSlfimpukau  or  silampukau.    A  bird  (un- 
-^-^  identified);    KL,    Pijn.,    v.  d.  W.     A    plant 

(unidentified)  (Kedah). 

^iX^    sSlampai.     L     A  fish  (unidentified ) ;  Sh,  Ik. 
-  Trub.,  18. 

II.  Wearing  suspended  over  the  shoulder. 
Menyelampai :  to  wear  in  this  way  ;  Sh.  Sri 
Ben.,  40  ;  Sh.  Bid.,  86.  Used  especially  of 
the  way  in  which  the  telampan  is  worn. 

Cf.  sampai,  apai,  rapai,  gerapai,  chapai,  etc. 

J^jJUa    S^lundat.     A  salt-water  fish  (unidentified). 

?•  Jui^    sSlendang.     A  kind  of  shawl  made  of  almost 
^  the  same  material  as  the  sarong  and  worn  by 

women  over  the  head  and  hanging  about  the 
shoulders;  Kam.  Kech.,  11  ;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb., 
21;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Di-amhil  pula  selendang- 
nya  sehibongkan  diri-nya :  she  took  her  shawl 
and  covered  her  head  (veiled  herself  in  it)  ; 
Bint.  Tim.,  22  February,  1895. 


pjJl 


sSlindong.  Hiding,  covering  oneself  by  any- 
thing, placing  oneself  behind  anything  so  as  to 
conceal  oneself. 

Tinggi   tinggi  Bukit   Gedong, 
Tampak   dari  Bay  an  Lepas; 
Jangan   tuwan  nak  sBlindong, 
Kepala   di4utnp,   kaki  ta'-lepas  : 

do  not  try  to  hide  yourself,  your  head  may  be 
covered  but  your  feet  do  not  pass  out  of  view  ; 
(do  not  play  the  ostrich  which  hides  its  head 
in  the  sand  and  imagines  it  cannot  be  seen). 
Cf.  lindong. 


50 


sSlubong 


[  398  ] 


S&LI 


«u. 


U^A.AA» 


sSllXSOh.  A  generic  name  for  all  drugs, 
medicines  and  charms  used  for  facilitating 
delivery  in  childbirth  ;  Muj.,  39.  5.  beranak  : 
id.  S.  anak  melintang  dalam  perut  ibu-nya  : 
a  remedy  for  a  delivery  complicated  by  trans- 
verse presentation.  S.  uri :  a  medicine  to 
expedite  the  removal  of  the  after-birth. 

I  This  fish  is  mentioned  in  a  well-known  pantun  : 
Niyat  hati  mengail  seludu, 

Gerut'g^rut  hernama  ikan ; 
Bukan  mudah   tinggal  ibu, 

Sehah  p^rui  siksa  badan. 


j^^jLm    sSlubong.     Veiling,  covering ;  the  material  or 
^  veil  used  for  covering.     Menarek  s.  :   to   pull 

the  veil  over  one's  features,  to  veil  oneself ; 
Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  SUuhongkan  dirt : 
to  veil  oneself ;  Bint.  Tim,,  22  February,  1895. 
BersUtibong  :  veiled  ;  under  a  veil ;  ^rearing  a 
veil ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. ;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  61  ; 
Sh.  Bid.,  58. 

^y^  sglodang  or  sSludang.  The  sheath  or 
outer  covering  of  any  palm  blossom  or  of  a 
flower  like  the  rose.  S.  mayang  :  id. ;  Sh, 
Bid.,  6 ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Saperti  selodang 
menolakkan  mayang :  as  the  palm  sheath  shoots 
forth  its  flower  ;  to  declare  oneself,  or  (of  a 
debutante)  to  burst  on  the  world  in  her 
beauty;  Prov,,  J.  S.  A.  S,,  XL,  63.  Saperti 
mayang  tanggal  dart  selodangnya  :  like  a  flower 
fallen  from  its  sheath  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

i^^y^  sSludip.  The  sheath  or  outer  covering  in 
which  a  young  palm  tree  is  enveloped  at  the 
commencement  of  its  growth. 

j^y^    Sdludu.     (Kedah.)     A  fish  (unidentified)  K 

jy^  sSluwar.  [Arab,  sarwdl,  Pers.  shalwar,] 
Trowsers,  breeches;  Ht.  Abd.,  8g,  231,  310; 
Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  43.  Sa-helai  s. :  a  pair  of 
trowsers,  Ht.  Abd.,  314.  S.  btdat :  pyjamas, 
Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  15.  S.  China:  Chinese 
trowsers.  S.  sampak :  trowsers  worn  by 
Malays  in  the  padi- fields.  S.  panjang  panjut  : 
long  trowsers  worn  tight  about  the  ankles 
and  calf.     S.  kotong  :  short  loose  trowsers. 

^jj^  sSloro.  (Kedah.)  Farcical,  comical,  droll  ; 
(Riau,  Johor)  seluroh. 

fcyJ^  salorah  or  salurah.  Every  district  of,  the 
whole  of.  Salurah  tanah  Jawa  :  in  every 
district  of  Java,  Sej.  Mai.,  52;  sa-da'irah  tanah 
Jawa,     Colloquially   the   word   is    often   pro-   I 

nounced  seliiroh.  i 

i 

^jy^    sSluroh.     I.     (Riau^  Johor.)     Comical,    odd,   1 
farcical,  quaint,  droll ;  (Kedah)   seloro,  \ 

n.     All,  the  whole  of;  see  salorah,  \ 

iSjJ^    S^lurai.     A  kind  of  vermicelli. 


6^ 


fcSa.Lui 


«^^   a)«M* 


\jz^  y^ 


Sdluwang.  A  freshwater  fish  ;  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  71  ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  12,  15.  Ta'-sunggoh 
seltiwang  melaut  balek  iya  ka-tepi  jtiga  :  it  is 
not  true  that  the  sUtiwang  goes  to  sea,  he  is 
always  returning  to  the  edge  of  the  stream  ; 
a  proverbial  hit  at  stay-at-home  people ;  J.S. 
A.S.,  I.,  91. 

Chuchok  s,,  or  chuchok  mata  s.  :  black  art 
used  to  blind  an  unknown  thief.  This  charm 
is  so  called  from  the  sorcerer's  poking  out 
the  eye  of  one  of  these  fish  with  a  needle. 
When  a  man  is  blind  without  apparent  injury 
to  the  eye  it  is  attributed  to  this  black  art. 

sSlupat.  A  thin  outer  membrane  or  natural 
skin  ;  a  film.  This  word  is  used  of  natural 
growths  such  as  the  skin  under  an  egg-shell ; 
unnatural  growths  (as  a  film  over  the  eye)  are 
called  selaput,  q.  v.  Selupat  is  also  used  of  the 
(natural)  shed  skin  of  the  anr  duri, 

sSloka.  [Skr.  shloka.]  Verses,  rhyming 
couplets  especially  when  humorous ;  ironical 
or  satirical  poetry ;  merriment  and  humour 
generally.  Sa-barang-barang  madah  seloka- 
nya  kapada  kita  :  whatever  quips  and  couplets 
he  addressed  to  us;  Ht,  Ind.  Jaya.  Mandong 
berseloka,  or  mendong  b. :  a  name  for  the  cock. 
Menyeloka :  to  utter  quips  in  ironical  verse,  to 
jest  in  rhyme,  to  make  couplets. 

selokat  or  sSlukat.  A  musical  instrument 
forming  part  of  the  gamelan  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  144; 
Ht.  Mas  Ed.  Memetek  s.,  or  menyelukat :  to 
play  on  this  instrument ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 


sglukang  or 

KL,  V.  d.  W. 


sSlukong.      A    long    shield ; 


jby^ 
I vy^    sSlulup.     Jav.    Steeping,  immersing  ;=c/^<?te/>. 


r. 


AaJLm 


sSlumar.  A  tree  with  yellow  flowers  with 
one  lobe  of  the  calyx  produced  into  a  large 
white  petaloid  limb;  mnsscendopsis  beccariana, 

selomor.  The  sloughed  skin  of  a  snake  ;  Ht. 
Haiw.     Better  selomo. 


siluman.  Evil  spirits  haunting  marshy  pools. 
From  Jav.  silum,  invisible. 

sSlomo  or  selumu,  (Riau,  Johor.)  The 
slough  {e.g,,  of  a  snake) ;  (Kedah)  selumbu. 
Menyehimii :  to  slough  off,  or  peel  off, — of  skin. 

sSluwi.     A  kind  of  quail ;  KL,  v.  d.  W. 

s61ah.     Intervening  space  ;  Better  sela^  q.  v. 

sSli.  Selang'Seli :  arranged  alternately  of  ob- 
jects such  as  daggers  so  that  the  point  of  one 
may  be  above  the  hilt  of  the  next  and  so  on  ; 
pointing  alternately  one  way  and  the  other. 


SALETAR 


[    399    ] 


s£lekoh 


>uL«   saletar,   salitar 

=  sa-keliling. 


or    sSlitar.      All    round; 


Anak   chichak   lalu  sa-malam, 

Mati   di'panchong   Pendekar   Tandi; 

Alang'kah  gHap  saletar   'dlant, 
Apa  sebab-nya   hnjan    ta'-jadi : 

is  it  not  gloom  spreading  all  over  the  earth, 
how  does  it  come  then  that  the  rain  does  not 
fall? 

By  extension  s.  'dlam  has  come  to  mean 
''the  universe"  and  **the  ruler  of  the  universe" 
or  *'  the  universal,"  Kelam  yang  amat  seletar 
'dlam  :  darkness  which  was  very  universal,  i.e. 
very  terrible;  Ht.  Best.  S.  'dlani  is  a  title 
very  commonly  given  to  evil  spirits  in  Black 
Art  invocations  and  is  especially  the  title  of 
the  Hantu  Ray  a.  Omngs.:  a  Singapore  tribe 
of  Orang  Laut. 

JuLu    Sfileder.     Jav.    Dissolute,  negligent,  slovenly. 

JuLa»    sSledor.     A    musical     instrument;     Ht.    Sh. 
Mard. 


^JuL,   sSlidek. 


Making  diligent  search  or  enquiry ; 

trying  to  find  out  intelligently;  Sh.   Bid.,   20. 
Cf.  sidek. 


jy^ 


selera  or  sdlira.  I.  Appetite,  sense,  enjoy- 
ment of  eating.  Darah  ptm  kering,  selera 
tiyada:  the  blood  dried  up,  and  appetite 
was  lost ;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  6,  Tepok  perut 
tanya  selera  :  pat  your  stomach  and  ask  what 
your  appetite  is  like ;  look  before  you  leap ; 
Prov. 

II.  [Skr.  sharira.]  Body ;  a  very  poetical 
synonym  of  tuboh  or  badan,  Terlalu  dehaga- 
nya  rasa  selera  patek  ini,  tuwan-ku  :  I  feel  ex- 
tremely thirsty,  my  lord ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

sSlirat.  Interwoven,  intermixed ;  ordered 
entanglement.     Cf.  sirat. 

S61eret.  Rumah  seleret :  (Kedah)  a  long  Malay 
house ;  a  house  of  great  length  as  compared 
with  its  breadth. 


OJy^    sSliran.     Seam,  hem. 

^jy^  salerah  or  sdlerah.  (Kedah.)  All  round,  all 
about,  all  over  ;  an  equivalent,  in  a  general 
sense,  of  sahirah  and  seletar. 

(SJy^  sSliri.  A  seat  or  stool  mentioned  in  old 
romances  only. 

{j^'T^  sSlesa.  Uncramped,  freely  open  ;  "  space  to 
breathe  in."  Used  of  a  ship  which  has  few 
passengers  on  some  one  trip,  or  of  a  hostess 
congratulating  herself  on  returning  to  peace 
and  quiet  after  the  crowding  of  a  festival. 


^.'WM»U.<WM 


jt^^X^v 


s31isir.  L  Walking  round  the  edge  or  skirts 
of  anything  but  keeping*  on  the  inside  and  not 
on  the  outside ;  walking  round  a  ship  ;  walk- 
ing round  a  fenced-in  field,  keeping  within  the 
fence.     Stisor  is  to  walk  round  outside.     Cf. 


stst. 

II. 

boat. 


(Kedah.)      Lockers   for   clothing,   in    a 


sSlisek.     The  process  of  picking  out  fleas  or 

lice  from  the  hair;  'Mousing;"  scratching, 
of  birds.  Saperti  kutit  buleh  di-selisek :  like 
catching  a  flea, — not  as  easy  as  it  looks; 
Prov.,  cf.  J.S.A.S.,  XL,  67.  Tttwan,  selisek- 
lah  kepala  abang  ini :  will  you  kindly  clean 
my  head  of  lice  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Menyelisek  :  to  '*  louse,"  to  clean  the  head 
of  fleas ;  to  preen  ;  to  pick  or  scratch  its 
feathers,  of  a  bird  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya  ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub. 

sSliseh.  Want  of  harmony,  not  hitting  it  off, 
not  coming  together  properly ;  missing  each 
other,  of  people  who  set  out  to  find  each 
other ;  disagreeing,  of  people  discussing  a 
question  ;  to  have  a  dispute  or  quarrel ;  to  be 
out  of  joint,  of  a  limb.  Tiyada  di-sukakan 
rayat  seliseh :  he  did  not  like  the  people  to 
quarrel,  Sh.  Peng.,  25. 

Berseliseh  :  to  quarrel ;  Sh.  Ibh,  10.  Men- 
yelisek :  id.,  Sh.  Peng.,  25. 

Perselisehan :  a  quarrel,  a  dispute,  a  falling 
out.  Tentukan p.:  to  set  a  dispute  at  rest; 
Ht.  Abd.,  196.  Terpadam  p. :  the  quarrel  was 
extinguished ;  Ht.  Best. 

suliyong.  [Chin.  ch6a-pdi.]  A  Chinese 
card  game  ;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  48. 


seliyap.     A  salt-water  fish  (unidentified). 
jaJ-w    s§lipar.     Eng.     Slipper. 


sdlepang.  .  Throwing  over  the  shoulder,  as  a 
coolie  throws  an  empty  gunny-bag  over  his 
shoulder  {selepangkan  goni) ;  a  kind  of  shoulder- 
cloth,  bandolier  or  plaid. 

seliyok.  Harping  on  one  note  ;  the  prolonga- 
tion of  a  note  ;  a  continued  uniform  sound, 
such  as  that  of  a  steam-whistle.     Cf.   liyok. 

sSlekor.     L     A  salt-water  fish  (unidentified), 

11.     The  number  21 ;   v.   lekor.     Better  sa- 
lekor. 

sSIekeh.  A  stain  ;  a  splash  of  dirt ;  a  blemish 
upon  cleanHness ;  dirty,  as  mud-splashed  feet 
and  clothes ;  or  as  plates  after  use  at  a  meal. 

Sglekoh.  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  change  in  direction, 
of  the  trend  of  a  range  of  hills ;  a  twist  or 
turn ;  a  bastion,  in  a  fort ;  (Kedah)  sa4engkoh, 
a  change  of  trend  ;  Ulengkoh,  a  bastion. 


SiSLIGUT 


[    400    ] 


s£mangat 


%zJ!!K»X^ 


^^ 


jk^ 


c-%x^ 


r 


sSligUt.  I.  Moving  amongst  each  other  in 
different  directions,  of  people  in  a  crowd ; 
confused  motion  of  the  whole  caused  by 
independent  action  on  the  part  of  the  items. 

II.     (Kedah.)     A  game  played  by  children. 

s31igi.  A  light  dart  or  javelin  of  wood  ;  Ht. 
Abd,,  312  ;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  5  ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. ; 
Sh.  K.  G.  T.,  23.  This  dart  is  used  as  a 
proverbial  simile  for  long  sharp  slender 
bodies.  Datang-lah  apt  itu  saperti  sUigi ;  the 
fire  came  leaping  out  in  darts ;  Sh.  Sing. 
Terb.,  29. 

Chandu  chelaka  jangan  di-tuli, 
Tulang  rusok  saperti  shligi: 

do  not  become  devoted  to  accursed  opium  or 
your  rib-bones  will  stand  out  like  wooden 
darts. 

S.  tajam  bertimbal :  a  dart  pointed  at  both 
ends.  S.  tajam  bertimbal,  tidak  hujong  pangkal 
mengena :  a  dart  pointed  at  both  ends,  if  one 
end  does  not  get  you  the  other  end  will ;  a 
double-edged  policy  or  argument;  Prov. 
This  kind  of  dart  is  especially  used  with  the 
alir  or  floating  line  for  crocodiles  ;  the  reptile, 
taking  the  bait,  gets  pierced  with  the  seligi, 

Nyeligi:  (Jav.)  to  use  the  seligi  as  a  dart ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

SulaimdiH.  Arab.  A  proper  name,  Solomon  ; 
often  colloquially  contracted  to  leman,  Ta- 
pak  S.  :  the  pentacle  ;  the  5-pointed  star-fish  ; 
the  seal  of  Solomon;  the  name  of  a  plant. 
Nabi  S. :  the  great  Solomon. 

sSlimut.  Sheeting ;  enfolding  or  enwinding ; 
a  shroud,  a  sheet,  a  covering  for  the  body. 
Kain  s.  :  a  sheet,  Ht.  Abd.,  486. 

S.  pSsujiitan:  a  praying  mat,  from  sit'jud. 
Better  sajadah. 

Selimuti :  to  wrap  up  in  a  sheet,  to  tuck 
away  in  a  bed  ;  Sh.  Bid.,  77.  Selimutkan  : 
to  use  as  a  sheet ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  15.  Ber- 
selimutkan ;  id.  Bertikarkan  bumi,  bersilimut- 
kan  langit,  bersulohkan  btilan  :  with  the  earth 
for  a  sleeping  mat,  the  sky  for  a  sheet,  and 
the  moon  to  light  one  to  bed  ;  the  lot  of  the 
pauper;  Prov.,  Ht.  Sh. 

Sdlinap.  The  process  of  tearing  off  the  skin 
of  the  bBmban  in  making  atap-ih^ich  ;  tearing 
off  the  skin  of  a  fowl,  feathers  and  all,  to  save 
oneself  the  trouble  of  plucking  it. 

sSleweng.  A  gossip,  a  busybody,  a  loiterer 
for  the  purpose  of  talking. 

SOm.  I.  Akar  som:  a  Chinese  medicine  used 
as  a  tonic  to  fatten  and  strengthen  people. 

II.  A  sweetmeat  made  of  sugar,  milk,  flour 
and  banana. 

III.  Tulang  som :  a  pubic  bone.  Jijak  som  : 
the  name  given  to  the  completion  of  the 
actual  delivery  of  a  child,  in  childbirth. 


IV.  Buwat  som :   (Penang)  to  pull  a  long 
face  ;  to  look  sulky. 

V.  A  ship,  of  a  type  no  longer  known ;  Sej. 
Mai.,  117. 

samS/'.     Arab.      Heaven ;    the    firmament   of 
heaven. 


sSma.      Sema-sema :   a     cold     in 
Better  sesema,  from  Skr.  salema. 


the    head. 


sSmata.  [Skr.  samatd.]  Likeness ;  just 
like;  almost  exactly.  Often  written  sa-mata; 
V.  mat  a, 

sSnxaja.     But,  only;  a  variant  of  sehaja,  q.  v. 

sSmarang.  Samarang,  a  well-known  port 
in  Java ;  Ht.  Abd.,  361. 

sSmaram.     A  large  timber  tree  ;  payena  leerii, 

sSmangat.  The  spirit  of  physical  life ; 
vitality,  in  contradistinction  to  the  immortal 
essence  or  soul  (nyawa)  ;  the  breath  of  life ; 
health.  S^mangat  also  survives  as  the  old 
primitive  form  of  the  belief  in  the  soul,  which 
among  the  ancient  Malays  was  believed  to  be 
a  bird  residing  in  the  stomach.  This  theory 
survives  in  many  old-world  ceremonies ;  but 
shnangat,  in  this  sense,  should  not  be  confused 
with  the  modern  Muhammadan  idea  of  the 
soul  (which  lives  immortally  in  heaven)  or 
with  the  old  Malayo  Hindu  idea  of  the  soul 
(which  passed  into  other  bodies)^. 

Ambits,:  to  capture  another  person's  {e.g. 
a  girl's)  semangat,  and  so  to  render  that 
person  mentally  captive  to  your  will. 

Arwdh  s. :  a  synonym  for  scmangat^  arwdh  or 
vuh  being  the  Arabic  for  spirit  of  life.  Ruh  s. 
id.  ;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  55. 

Bertukar  jiwa  dengan  semangat :  to  exchange 
the  soul  for  the  spirit  of  life  ;  a  losing  deal ; 
Prov.,  Ht.  Sh,  Kub. 

Btiwah  s. :  special  padi-st^lks  used  as  a  sort  of 
offering  at  the  semangat  padi  festivals  in  Kedah. 

Hilang  s,  :  the  loss  of  vitality ;  the  loss  of 
consciousness  whether  temporarily  (Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  49)  or  permanently  in  death  ;  e.g.  : 

Jikalati  snka  melebehi  sa'at. 

A  khir-nya  datang  hilang  semangat : 


I  For  the  bird-like  character  of  the  semangat  see  van  der 
Toorn's  article :  "  Het  Animisme  bij  den  Minangkabauer 
der  Pandangsche  Bovenlanden,"  Bijd.  T.  L,  V,,  1890,  p. 
53.  See  also  Maxwell's  articles  in  the  Journal  of  the 
Straits  Asiatic  Society.  The  following  charm  given  me 
by  a  Pawang  in  Province  Wellesley  distinctly  speaks  of 
the  semangat  as  a  bird  : 

"  Hai  anak  aku,  Dang  SeriTani?  *  Alam,  bSravak  bertisong 
marl  ka-aku,  b^rduhong  bhkikk  marl  ka-aku,  di-matakari  naik 
di-matahari  jatoh  mart  ha-aku,  di-hulu  di-hilir  mari  ka-aku, 
di'laut  di'darat  mari  ha-aku.  Mari,  semangat  ayah,  mari  ka 
ayah.  Mari,  burong  ayah,  mart  ka-ayah.  Jangan  jangan  mu 
khhilhati.  Jangan  jangan  mu  kechil  rasa,''  This  prayer  is 
to  call  back  the  semangat  when  the  speaker  is  dazed.  The 
bird  is  thepingai. 


sSmangu 


[  401   ] 


SUMBAT 


even  though  you  wish  to  lengthen  your  hours 
(on  earth),  yet,  in  the  end,  the  loss  of  life 
must  come ;  Sh.  Nas.,  15. 

Korang  s.  :  diminution  of  the  spirit  of  life, 
resulting  in  faintness  and  a  general  sense  of 
ill-health.    Lhnass.:  id.;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  10. 

Kur  s. :  the  expression  used  in  addressing  the 
semangat  because  of  its  bird-like  character 
or  form  ;  see  kur,  Kur  s.  is  also  used  as  a 
term  of  endearment ;  **  my  life,''  ''  my  soul"  ; 
Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  15;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  33;  Sh. 
Bid.,  7;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  78 ;  etc. 

Terbang  s. :  the  flight  of  the  spirit  of  life 
resulting  in  temporary  loss  of  consciousness ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  81. 

S.padi:  vegetable  life  inthepadi;  the  vital 
essence  to  v^hich  offerings  are  made  by  padi- 
planters  to  induce  it  not  to  leave  their  seed 
and  so  render  it  unfertile  at  next  year's  crop. 
Kayii  s,  padi :  a  fine  soft  wood  good  for 
cabinet  work. 

Bersemangat :  full  of  physical  life  and  vigour ; 
full  of  vitality.  Tiyada  bersemangat :  lassitude, 
faintness;  unconsciousness  in  a  swoon  or 
faintingfit;  Ht.  Abd.,  363;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg, ; 
Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  13,  Hukuni-nyainggerisyang 
bersemangat ;  the  Law  of  England  is  a  living 
law ;  Sh.  Jub.  Mai.,  8. 


jp'\c^    sSmangU.     A  tree  (unidentified) 


sSmangi.     (Kedah.)     A    water-cress ;    (Riau, 
Johor)  semanggi. 


pjW    Sgmawang.     (Kedah.)     A   tree,    kayea  ferru- 
^  ginea;  (Riau,  Johor)  sembawang. 

(5>\c**    samawi.     x\rab.     Heavenly,  celestial. 

jT^^     s6mayam.    Sitting  enthroned ;  an  expression 
»  used  either   to    describe   the    actual    sitting 

in  state  of  a  raja  in  the  presence  of  his  Court 
(Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  4),  or,  by 
courtesy,  as  an  equivalent  of  dudok  (sitting, 
dwelling,  or  residing),  when  speaking  of  a 
prince;  Ht.  Abd.,  46.  Bersemayam :  to 
sit  enthroned,  to  dwell. 


^Lfi-»    sembawa, 


I. 


The  island  of  Sumbawa. 

n.       (Kedah.)      An  informal    invitation    to 
dinner;    "pot-luck." 

P^V^    sfimbawang.     (  Riau,  Johor. )     A  tree,  kayea 
v*j<  '         ferruginea;  {Kedah)  shnawang, 

C,^,^  sambat.  I.  Splicing  together ;  binding  two 
sticks  together  by  laying  them  ( over  some  part 
of  their  length )  side  by  side  and  winding  a 
string  repeatedly  round  both. 

n.     Bersambat :  to  ask  for  voluntary  assist- 
ance or  co-operation. 


sambut.  The  reception,  by  a  stationary 
person  or  object  of  a  person  or  object  coming 
to  it,  e.  g,f  as  a  host  receives  a  guest  or  as  a 
house  receives  its  new  occupants.  Surat  raja 
China  itu  di-sambut  dengan  isti'ddat  kerajaan  : 
the  Emperor  of  China's  letter  was  received 
with  royal  honours ;  Sej.  Mai.,  36.  Tiyada 
harm  orang  yang  di-sambut  uleh  orang  lain 
berjalan  dahulu,  melainkan  yang  menyambut 
membawa  jalan :  it  is  not  fitting  that  the 
person  received  (the  guest)  should  walk  in 
front,  but  rather  that  the  person  receiving 
(the  host)  should  lead  the  way;  Cr.  Gr.,  33. 

Gigi  s. :  overlapping  lower  teeth, — an 
expression  used  to  describe  the  case  of 
persons  born  with  the  teeth  of  the  lower  jaw 
shutting  down  outside  the  teeth  of  the  upper 
jaw,  instead  of  the  reverse  which  is  usual. 
This  peculiarity  is  deemed  a  mark  of 
distinction,  if  not  a  beauty,  by  Malays. 

Sambutan  :    j  unction . 

Sambuti:  to  receive.  Di-sambuti  pula  uleh 
helukar yang  berisi  berbagai-bagai  ular :  he  was 
next  received  into  a  forest  full  of  all  kinds  of 
snakes  ;    Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  30. 

Bersambuian :  adjoining,  in  conjunction 
with.  Taman  bersambtitan  dengan-nya  balai : 
a  pleasure-ground  with  its  own  pavilion 
attached  to  it;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  48.  Bulan 
dengan  bintang  bermmbtitsambutan  :  the  moon 
exchanging  meetings  (i.e.,  visits)  with  the 
stars;   Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  6. 

Menyambut :     to    receive.  M.     iangan :     to 

accept   a   proffered   hand;  Ht.    Abd.,    109. 

MHyambutkan :    to  receive ;  Sh.    Abd.    Mk., 
128. 

Penyambut :  a  prop  placed  below  a  house 
when  the  pillars  or  flooring-planks  are  weak 
and  further  support  is  necessary. 


sSmbat.  Casting  with  a  backward  drawing 
motion  as  one  casts  a  casting-net  to  make  it 
spread. 


sembat  or  simbat.    I. 
mice  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  207. 


A  snare  for  rats  and 


n.     Menyembat :  to  whip  something  forcibly 
up  the  sleeve. 


sumbat.  Corking  or  stopping  up,  a  cork,  a 
stopper ;  the  closing  of  a  hole  or  orifice. 
Tersennyum  ntuhit  di-sumbat :  smiling  with  the 
hand  before  the  mouth ;  hidden  mirth ;  Sh. 
Peng.,  4.  Tertawa  mulut  di-sumbat  r^laughing 
in  the  same  way  ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  26. 

Sumbatkan :  to  put  a  stopper  into  anything, 
to  close  up  anything  with  a  stopper.  S.  pada 
lobang  tUinga :  to  put  (something)  into  the 
ear  to  close  it  to  hearing  ;    Ht.  Koris. 


SAMBAR 


[    402    ] 


SAMBANG 


J\^  Sambar.  I.  Carrying  off  as  a  bird  or  beast 
of  prey  carries  off  its  victim  in  its  mouth  or 
talons;  pouncing  and  carrying  off;  seizing 
and  carrying  off;  snatching  and  pulling  away, 
as  an  angry  mother  seizes  a  naughty  child 
and  drags  him  away.  Saperti  anak  ayani  di- 
sambar  lang :  like  a  chicken  carried  off  by  a 
hawk.  Di-sambar  anjing  uleh  buwaya :  the 
dog  was  taken  by  the  crocodile.  Di-sambar 
jerong :  taken  by  a  shark,  Barong  terbang  di- 
sambar  ikan :  a  bird  taken  in  its  flight  by  a 
fish, — an  improbable  event ;  Prov. 

Sambaran  :  a  victim  of  a  swoop ;  the  prey 
carried  off  by  a  bird  or  beast ; — but  used 
especially  as  an  insult  implying  that  the 
person  addressed  is  destined  to  be  carried  off 
by  the  devil ;  Sh.  Peng.,  9  ;  Sh,  Sri  Ben.,  82. 
Yu  s, :  a  man-eating  shark. 

Menyambar :  to  swoop  and  carry  off ;  to  dart 
quickly;  (of  lightning)  to  flash  across  the 
sky.  Saperti  naga  menyambar:  as  a  dragon 
darts  on  its  prey,— a  type  of  rapid  action  ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Kilai  menyambar  di-kaki  awan  : 
the  lightning  is  flashing  below  the  clouds. 
Sambar  menyambar  :  to  tear  at  each  other,  as 
birds  of  prey  or  fabulous  monsters  fighting  in 
the  air  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  251. 

Penyambar  :  a  snatcher,  a  thief,  a  plunderer ; 
Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  11. 

Sambar  is  also  used  of  one  or  more  persons 
being  carried  off  by  an  angry  God  (Betara 
Kala)  ;    Ht.  Mas  Ed. 

II.  Sambar 'limor  :  a  variant  of  sabor-limor  ; 
see  sabor  I.     Also  sambor-limor. 


jy>^ 


sambor.  (Kedah.)  Confused  melee ;  wild 
scurrying  and  confusion  ;  (Riau,  Johor)  sabor, 
q.  V. 

jsjs^  sSmbir.  L  The  edge  or  rim  of  a  plate  ;  the 
edge  or  outer  portion  if  the  inner  part  only  is 
used, 

II.     To    *'  show  wrong/'  of  the  compass. 

j-Kj^  sSmbor.  Ejection  from  the  mouth ;  the 
blowing  out  or  spurting  out  of  liquid  from  the 
mouth,  as  when  a  thirsty  man  unwilling  to 
drink  in  the  middle  of  a  journey  rinses  his 
mouth  with  water  and  blows  the  water  out 
instead  of  swallowing  it ;  the  forcible  ejection 
of  liquid  (other  than  mere  saliva)  from  the 
mouth,  as  in  the  case  of  certain  venomous 
snakes  (e,g.  naia  sputatrix)  which  are  supposed 
to  kill  by  squirting  out  venom  ;  the  spurting 
out  of  fire  or  venom  by  a  dragon  (Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya) ;  the  ceremonial  spitting  of  a  witch- 
doctor upon  the  diseased  part  of  a  patient's 
body,  or  towards  the  four  cardinal  points  to 
drive  away  evil  spirits ;  the  effusion  of  light 
over  the  sky  at  sunset ;  the  radiation  of  light 
from  a  heavenly  body.  SapMi  polong  kina 
sBmbor :  like  an  evil  spirit  bespattered  with 
the  witch-doctor's  saliva;  frightened  to  death; 
Prov.,  J.S.A.S.,  XL,  64. 

Semboran  :  (of  a  liquid)  ejected  so  as  to  be- 
spatter ;  Ht.  Abd.,  247 ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  88, 


Semborkan,  or  menyemborkan :  to  spurt  (any- 
thing) out  from  the  mouth ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ; 
Ht.  Mash.,  23;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;  Ht.  Koris. 
Sigera-lah  di-semborkan  upas  yang  bisa  itu 
dengan  sa-kali  sembor :  it  promptly  spat  out 
its  venom  in  a  single  spurt ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

MBnyembor  :  to  diffuse  light ;  to  be  radiant; 
(of  a  liquid)  to  gush  forth  so  as  to  bespatter, 
— used  of  blood  gushing  out  of  a  wound ; 
Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  100. 

j\i^    simbar.     A  parasitic  plant  (unidentified). 

j^^^  SUmbar.  Jav,  Challenging,  reproaching,  or 
reviling  each  other.  Sama  bersumbar  sahut 
menyahut:  reproaching  each  other  one  after 
another  ;  exchanging  terms  of  reproach  ;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg. 


lM^ 


.0^ 


s6mberani.  Kuda  semberani:  a  horse  en- 
dowed with  supernatural  power  such  as  that 
of  flying;  a  Pegasus;  Sej.  Mai.,  23;  Ht.  Md. 
Hanaf.,  76 ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Best  bersem- 
berani,  or  besi  berani :  magnetic  iron.  Deri- 
vation doubtful. 


y%¥^j^  sSmberap.  A  hexagonal  sireh  box ;  a  set  of 
sireh-chewmg  requisites  complete  in  a  hex- 
agonal box. 

\^j\j^  S6mb6rip.  A  brass  tray  or  dish  with  a  foot 
to  it.  This  tray  is  used  especially  for  holding 
the  rice  at  a  bridal  feast. 


'i/U^    sSmburna.     \_Skv,$iiwarna,]     Gold  coloured ; 
'*^*  (Kedah)  scmbawarna. 


i^    sambas.     The   name  of  a  State  on  the  coast 
^  of  Borneo. 


L^tyt  Sambang.  I.  Patrolling;  to  patrol;  a  round, 
Cz  a  watch.  Raja  Pangan  dan  raja  Semang 
birsambang  berkeliling  di-padang :  the  princes 
of  the  Pangan  and  of  the  Semang  (both 
aboriginal  tribes)  patrolled  round  the  plain ; 
Ht.  Koris.  Orang  yang  bersambang  di-maha- 
ligai :  the  patrol  round  the  palace ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.  The  word  also  occurs:  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya; 
Ht,  Gul.  Bak.,  24 ;  and  (of  a  Sikh  guard) 
Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  8. 

II.  An  abandoned  nest  'of  the  honey-bee. 
Lilin  s. ;  wax  found  in  such  a  nest ;  J.  I.  A., 
I.,  308.  The  word  is  also  used  of  empty 
insect  cells  of  all  sorts. 

Lebah   bertuwalang  di-pohun    keriyang, 

Baik   lekas   chari  pawang  ; 

Lalai   lengai  nanti   terbang, 

Manisan   ta'-dapat   tinggal  sambang: 

the  bees  are  swarming  on  the  keriyang-tree, 
you  will  do  well  to  fetch  a  pawang  at  once; 
if  you  loiter  and  are  slow  about  it,  all  will 
fly  away ;  you  will  not  get  the  honey  and  will 
be  left  with  the  abandoned  nest. 


SAMBONG 


[    403    ] 


s£mb£:leh 


cr 


tr 


it*c^ 


t 


.o*» 


tA.<y» 


sambong.  I.  Joined  on  to;  lashed  to; 
union  with,  continuation  or  prolongation  in 
a  separate  part.  Ada  sambongan-nya  lagi : 
**  to  be  continued  in  our  next," — the  notice 
at  the  foot  of  a  story  appearing  periodically 
in  a  newspaper;  Bint.  Tim.,  23  January, 
1895,  et  seq. 

II.  A  hollow  cylinder  forming  part  of  the 
apparatus  for  preparing  rice-spirit. 

sSmbong.  A  strongly  scented  herb  produc- 
ing the  Ngai  camphor  of  the  Chinese  and 
used  by  the  Malays  in  native  medicine; 
bhcmea  balsamifera, 

5.  gajah :  a  village  weed  with  mauve  flowers, 
adenostemma  viscosum. 

S.  htitan  :  vernonia  cinerea. 

S.  hutan  jantan  :  clerodendncm  deflexum. 

simbang  or  sembang.  I.  A  sea-bird, 
procellaria;  Sh.  Nas.,  13 ;  Sh.  L  M.  P.,  16; 
Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  4.  Simbangan :  id.  Lak- 
sana  simbang:  like  a  sea-gull  (which  flies 
backwards  and  forwards  over  the  same 
stretch  of  sea) ;  showing  off;  Prov. 

I I ,  False,  untrustworthy,  unreliable.  Musim 
s, :  the  change  of  monsoon  with  its  variable 
winds  and  uncertain  weather. 

III.  Simbang  sty  or :  zigzag;  Sh.  Bur. 
Pungg.,  3.     Better  simpang  sty  or. 

SOmbong.  Arrogance,  self-assertion,  haughti- 
ness, insufferable  pride,  overbearing  manner. 
Hendak  sombong  berbini  banyak  :  if  you  wish 
to  swagger,  keep  many  wives;  Prov.,  J.  S. 
A.  S.,  II.,  162.  Sombong  anak  Pahang : 
arrogant  are  the  natives  of  Pahang;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  115. 

SUmbang.  Offending  the  sight  or  hearing; 
objectionable,  revolting,  improper;  incestuous, 
of  intercourse.  Sumbang  di-mata  salah  di- 
hati :  offending  the  sight,  and  known  in  one's 
conscience  to  be  wrong.  Menjadi  sumbang 
papan  choki  ini :  this  draughts-board  has 
become  such  as  to  offend  our  sense  of  beauty ; 
Ht.  Koris.  Saperti  sumbang  melangsi  bunyi- 
nya :  like  a  shrill  note  in  the  wrong  place  is 
its  sound;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Pokok  sumbangan :  (in  horticulture)  a  tree 
bearing  two  different  flowers,  e.  g,,  after 
grafting. 

sumbing.  Notched,  dented,  jagged, — of  the 
edge  of  a  cutting  instrument ;  a  notch,  a  dent, 
Mafa  s. :  a  notched  or  dented  edge  to  a  blade, 
Chnra  Simandang  Kini  itu  sumbing  sa-ratus 
sambilan  puloh  banyak-nya  :  the  sword  Siman- 
dang Kini  had  one  hundred  and  ninety  dents 
in  it  (after  the  fight);  Sej.  MaL,  43. 

Gelak  s.  :  a  sickly  laugh. 

sSmbep.  Pipisembep:  (Kedah)  hollow  sunken 
cheeks. 


^3-^    sambok.    I.    Jav.    A  whip. 

II.  [Pers.  sunbtiL]  A  dinghy;  Sej.  MaL, 
50.  Menunmkan  s. :  to  lower  a  boat  (of  a 
ship) ;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  13. 

^3^  s6mbek  and  s6mbok.  Sembok-sembek :  hol- 
low and  sunken,  of  the  cheeks  and  face. 
Also  (Kedah)  sembep. 


J^ 


d^ 


J^ 


O-X.C*' 


4!*^ 


simbak.  An  edible  salt-water  fish  (unidenti- 
fied) ;  kl.,  V.  d.  W. 

Simbok.  I.  A  small  wash-hand  basin  or 
finger  bowl,  of  Bugis  origin. 

II.     Akar  simbokan:   a  medicinal    drug,   of 
unidentified  character. 

sambal.  Spices  and  other  condiments  eaten 
with  curry  to  heighten  the  flavour;  Ht.  Abd., 
177 ;  Ht.  Koris.  5.  terasi  belachan :  (dried 
prawns)  used  as  a  flavouring  for  curry ;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg.  Ulam  menchari  sambal :  the  curry- 
vegetables  go  to  the  spices ;  a  reversal  of  the 
usual  order  of  things ;  Prov. 

sambil.  With,  together  with,  simultaneously 
with,  and;  an  expression  signifying  that  two 
events  are  going  on  at  the  same  time.  Satn- 
bil  berniyaga  sambil  mengajar  orang-orang  hulu 
itu :  trading  and  teaching  the  people  in  that 
inland  village  at  the  same  time ;  combining 
trading  and  teaching;  Ht.  Abd.,  8.  Sambil 
menyelam  sambil  minum  :  diving  and  drinking ; 
doing  two  things  at  a  time,  whether  combin- 
ing business  with  pleasure  or  '*  burning  the 
candle  at  both  ends";  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XL,  67.  Sambil  menyelam  sambil  makan  ayer: 
id. 

Sembul.  Swelling  or  protruding  above  the 
surface ;  prominent,  of  the  breasts.  Used 
especially  of  the  breasts  rising  above  the 
kemban  or  ffistening. 

SumbuL  Jav.  A  casket  or  hamper  with  a 
lid.  Sumbid  mendapat  tuhfp-nya :  the  box  has 
found  its  cover ;  a  proverbial  description  of 
wedded  happiness  or  of  a  suitable  partner- 
ship of  any  sort;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  66.  See 
also  chembuL 

S§mb6lit.  L  Indigestion,  costiveness,  slug- 
gishness of  the  liver. 

IL     A  purse;  KL,  v.  d.  W. 

Sembfileh.  To  cut  the  throat  of  a  man  or 
animal ;  to  kill  by  cutting  the  throat ;  to 
slaughter  cattle,  etc.  Kambing  biri-biri  di- 
sembeleh  orang  :  lambs  slaughtered  by  people ; 
Sej.  MaL,  34.  Manusiya  di-sembeleh-nya  di- 
kadapan  berhala-nya :  thty  cut  men's  throats 
before  the  idol ;  Ht.  Abd.,  481.  The  word  is 
also  used  of  cutting  the  throat  of  a  child; 
Ht.  Hamz.,  3,  5. 


s£mb£lewa 


[  404  ] 


S&MBAH 


j^ 


jt^ 


Sembelehkan :  to  cut  (the  throat).  S.leher: 
id.;  Ht.  Hamz.,  5.  MenyembBleh:  id.,  Muj., 
15 ;  Ht.  Abd.,  407 ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. ;  Sh.  Sing. 
Terb.,  5. 

Sembileh  ayant  dengan  pisau  sembeleh  orang 
dhigan  kapas:  you  kill  a  fowl  with  a  knife  and 
a  man  with  cotton  ; — an  allusion  to  the  little 
piece  of  cotton  wool  through  which  the  execu- 
tioner's keris  is  driven;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XXIV,,  109, 


s6mbilewa  or 

of  work. 


s6mbSlewah.     Half-hearted, 


S^mbam.  Falling  on  one's  face ;  the  act  of 
falling  head-foremost  especially  from  a  height. 
Sungkor  s. :  id.  (intensified).  Maka  tuwan 
puteri  ptm  Ursennyum  melihat  kelakuwan  segala 
dayang'dayang  itu,  masing-masing  dengan  laku- 
nya;  dan  ada  yang  charek  selendang-nya  ada 
yang  charek  kain-nya  terjatoh  sungkor-sSmbam 
di-dalam  kolam  itu  :  the  princess  smiled  to  see 
the  behaviour  of  her  maidens,  each  acting  in 
an  original  manner,  some  getting  their  scarves 
torn,  others  getting  their  skirts  (sarong)  torn, 
as  they  fell  on  their  noses  into  the  pond ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Meng.  Melihat  budak-budak  itu  berebut- 
rebutkan  bunga  jatoh  sungkor 'Sembam,  itti-pun 
tiyada  di-perasakan-nya :  to  see  the  children 
snatching  the  flower  from  one  another,  and 
(in  their  excitement)  falling  on  their  faces 
without  feeling  the  worse  for  it ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Sambau.  A  grass,  the  grain  of  which  is  used, 
though  rarely,  for  food.  Bagai  sambau  di- 
tengah  jalan :  like  grass  in  the  middle  of  the 
road, — always  trodden  under  and  raising  its 
head  only  to  be  trodden  under  again ;  an  un- 
certain and  hazardous  existence  ;  Prov. 

SUmbu.  I.  A  wick,  a  fuse,  a  slow-match. 
Yang  buleh  di-pasang  dengan  tiyada  bersumbu  : 
that  can  be  lit  without  lamp-wick  (i,  e,  gas) ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  355.  Di-masokkan-nya-lah  peti  ubat 
bedil  itu  serta  di-biri-nya  bersumbu :  they  put 
chests  of  powder  into  it  and  attached  a  slow- 
match  to  them ;  Ht.  Abd.,  64. 

Apa  guna  pasang  pelita, 
Jika  tidak  dengan  sumbu-nya? 

Apa  guna   b^rmain  mat  a 

Kalau   tidak   dengan   sunggoh-nya  ? 

why  light  a  lamp  if  it  has  no  wick  in  it  ?  why 
cast  amorous  glances  if  you  mean  nothing 
by  them  ?    Cr,  Gr.,  84. 

S.  kumpai :  rush  wicks   laid  in    the    grave 
with  a  dead  body. 

Leher  bersumbu :  a  fringed  collar. 

n.     Sumbu  badak  :  the  horn  of  a  rhinoceros. 

sSmboja.  Baulu  semoja,  or  buwah  ulu  s ;  a 
cake  like  short-bread  cut  into  a  peculiar  shape, 

Sfimburit.     Sodomy. 

sSmbawama.  (  Kedah. )  Gold-coloured ; 
(Riau,  Johor)  semburna;  Skr.  suwarna. 


i}y^ 


^u^ 


sSmbuwang.  I.  A  pole  stuck  in  the  water 
and  used  as  a  mooring  post  for  boats;  a 
winning  post  on  which  the  prize  is  placed. 

n.     An  offering  to  evil  spirits. 

sSmbulu.  Rough,  of  timber,  as  timber  sawn 
but  not  yet  planed  or  only  roughly  planed 
with  a  blunt  instrument ;  (by  extension)  dull, 
of  a  man. 

Anak  s. :  a  very  small  fish  (unidentified). 

sSmbuli.  Rhinoceros-horn ;  see  sumbuy  which 
is  the  usual  form. 

sSmbuni.     Hiding;  a  variant  of  sembunyi,  q.  v. 

Sfimboyan.  An  alarm  ;  a  signal  agreed  upon 
as  a  note  of  warning.  Gong  semboyan :  an 
alarm  gong;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ; 
Ht.  Koris. 

sSmbunyi.  Concealment,  hiding.  Sembii- 
nyikan :  to  hide ;  Ht.  Abd.,  158,  244,  420. 
Menyembunyikan :  id. ;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  26 ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  53,  88,  Saperti  harimau 
menyembunyikan  kuku:  as  a  tiger  hides  its 
claws;  a  proverbial  expression  of  warning 
against  taking  a  potentate's  deference  too  • 
seriously;  Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  8. 

BersBmbunyi :  in  hiding;  Ht.  Abd.,  66. 

Tersimbunyi :  hidden;  Ht.  Abd.,  49. 

sSmbah.  A  salutation,  a  respectful  address, 
— used  of  the  speech  of  a  subject  to  a  raja,  or 
of  an  inferior  dignitary  to  a  sovereign  prince ; 
a  respectful  offering ;  the  actual  act  of  saluta- 
tion or  homage  consisting  in  raising  the  hands 
to  the  face.  Demikiyan  sembah-nya  :  he  spoke 
as  follows.  Demi  di-dengar  uleh  baginda  akan 
sembah  ahlu'n-mijum :  when  the  prince  heard 
the  words  of  the  astrologers.  Surat  s, :  a 
letter  of  submission  offering  or  acknowledging 
homage  or  allegiance ;  Sej.  Mai.,  108.  Mem- 
bawa  sembah  daripada  buwah-buwahan :  to 
bring  offerings  of  fruit ;  Ht,  Sg.  Samb. 

Sembahkan :  to  convey  (a  message)  to  a 
prince ;  to  represent  (facts)  to  a  prince ;  to 
give  (something)  to  the  prince  as  an  offering ; 
to  give  (a  daughter)  in  marriage  to  a  ruler  of 
paramount  power;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  58.  Per- 
sembahkan :  id. ;  Sej.  Mai.,  6  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  327.  Mempersembahkan:  id.;  Sej. 
Mai.,  7 ;  Ht.  Mash.,  72. 

Menyembah :  to  salute,  to  bow,  to  lift  the 
hands  to  the  face  in  token  of  respect — usually 
of  salutations  to  idols  or  princes  but  even  in 
some  cases  of  any  bow  in  token  of  respect, 
e,  g.f  to  the  learning  of  a  boy;  Ht.  Abd.,  44. 
Tundok  m,,  or  sujud  m. :  id.  M .  sa-puloh 
jari :  to  salute  with  closed  hands,  finger 
to  finger;  Sh.  Bid.,  74;  Sh.  Sri  Ben., 
88.  M.  berhala:  to  worship  an  idol.  M. 
matahari:  to  worship  the  Sun;  Ht.  Md. 
Hanaf.,  ^66.  Sultdn  M.  S.  tiyada  mahu  men- 
yimbah  ka-benuwa  Siyam :  Sultan  M.  S. 
did  not  wish  to  acknowledge  the  Suzerainty 
of  Siam;  Sej.  Mai.,  108. 


s£mboh 


[  405  ] 


s£m£!Rdanta 


Persembahan :  an  offering  to  a  superior;  a 
gift  to  a  prince  from  a  subject.  Mimbawa 
persembahan  itek  mas  :  to  bring  a  golden  duck 
as  a  respectful  offering;  Sej.  MaL,  75. 

See  also  shnbahyang. 

4«*^  sSmboh.  Recovering,  healing;  healed,  of  a 
wound ;  ended,  of  an  illness.  Usahkan  semboh 
ma  kin  bertambah-tambah  kesakitan-nya :  so  far 
from  leaving  him,  his  disease  w^ent  from  bad 
to  worse ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  5. 

Sembohkan :  to  heal,  to  cause  an  illness  to 
end  in  recovery;  Muj.,  4,  7;  Ht.  Abd.,  303. 
M^nyembohkan :  id.;  Muj.,  10;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
24. 

<K^  simbah.  Sprinkling  from  above,  watering ; — 
used  of  besprinkling  a  floor  with  water  to 
clean  it,  or  of  watering  a  street  to  keep  down 
the  dust  on  a  dry  day. 


Cr 


c^ 


aJuaX^ 


Sembahyang.  [From  sembah,  (worship)  q.v., 
and  yang  (divinity)  q.  v.]  Worship,  ritual, 
prayer.  Lepas  sembahyang  maghrib  :  after  the 
evening  prayer,  after  vespers. 

Sembahyangkan :  to  cause  prayers  to  be 
uttered  over  (anything) ;  e,  g,,  to  conduct  a 
funeral  service;  Sh.  May.,  5;  see  also  Ht. 
Abd.,  252.  Menyembahyangkan :  id.;  Ht.  Ism. 
Yat.,  139. 

^^  simbai.  Smart  appearance ;  the  creation  of 
a  favourable  impression  or  effect,  as  when  a 
man  carries  himself  well  or  looks  well  in  a 
certain  costume. 


^  sumbi.  The  process  of  piecing  on  a  frag- 
ment where  a  fragment  has  been  chipped  off; 
repairing  a  boat  by  replacing  injured  portions. 


sSmbeta.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Props  to  keep  a 
boat  upright  when  hauled  up  on  shore,  or  in 
shallow  water  when  there  is  a  heavy  surf. 


sSmberang.     Tali  semberang: 
Cf.  sampiran^  from  satnpir. 


a  clothes-line. 


sSmbiyang.  A  harpoon  with  one  point ;  Kl. ; 
(Kedah)  the  name  of  a  fish,  and  of  a  cUmbing 
plant  (both  unidentified). 

sSmbilang.  Ika^i  s. :  a  fish  with  a  very 
venomous  fin ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  6 ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Nata.  S.  karang :  a  variety  of  this  fish. 
Kochokkan  s. :  to  make  a  faint  splashing  in 
the  water  (by  dabbling  the  hand  in  it)  in  order 
to  induce  this  fish  to  bite  greedily  at  the  line. 

sambilan  or  s6mbilan.  Nine;  one  taken 
away  from  ten  (sa'ambilan) ;  cf.  Achinese 
sa-korang,  nine.  Negeri  s. :  the  name  of  a 
confederacy  of  "  Menangkabau  "  States  in  the 
Malay  Peninsula. 


CU^ 


sSmbilu.  A  bamboo  knife;  a  sharpened 
splinter  of  bamboo.  Di-potong-nya  pusat-nya 
itu  dengan  sembilu :  they  sever  the  umbilical 
cord  with  a  sharpened  bamboo;  Ht.  Abd., 
386.  Saperti  di-hiris  dengan  sembilu :  as  if 
torn  by  a  splinter, — a  proverbial  simile  for 
intense  agony;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Sh.  Bur. 
Pungg.,  I ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  22. 


sSmat.  A  long  thin  piece  of  wood  or  bamboo 
used  as  a  sort  of  pin  for  piecing  together 
atap, 

Patah  s. :  a  peculiar  wooden  bracelet. 

Menyemat :  to  piece  atap  together. 

Penyemat :  anything  serving  to  pin  or  piece 
together.    J  arum  p, :  a  pin. 

Tersemat :  pinned  together. 

sSlXlut.  An  ant;  the  common  small  house- 
ant,  as  distinct  from  the  white  ant  (anai-anai) 
or  the  red  tree-ant  (kerengga).  Rasa-nya 
saperti  di-gigit  semut :  it  felt  like  the  bite  of 
an  ant;  Ht.  Abd.,  301.  Mati  semut  kena 
gida:  ants  die  in  sugar;  evil  passions  are 
killed  by  kindness;  cf.  J.  S.  A,  S.,  II.,  136. 

Senmt-semutan :  the  sensation  of  "  pins  and 
needles  "  in  the  body. 

sSmdjana.     Moderate,  average,  mediocre. 

sSmSjak.  Since;  a  derivative  form  of  sejak^ 
q.  V.     Also  semenjak, 

sSmar.  I.  Jav.  The  name  given  to  the 
comic  character  in  a  Javanese  play;  the 
humourist  of  a  dramatized  romance  such  as 
the  Sang  Samba.  The  introduction  of  this 
comical  element  is,  however,  an  interpolation 
in  the  story  to  suit  a  modern  audience,  and 
does  not  occur  in  the  Bhauma  Kavya  or  in 
older  MSS.  of  the  Sang  Samba. 

II.  A  piece  placed  on  a  carrying  pole  and 
lashed  to  it  to  strengthen  it  at  a  weak  point. 

III.  As  far  as,  up  to,  until.  Di4erbangkan 
ka-udara-nya  semar  dengan  awan  hijau :  (the 
God  Sarma  Dewa)  flew  off  (with  the  prince) 
to  his  region  of  heaven,  that  is  to  say  as  far 
as  the  green  sky  (one  of  the  7  folds  of 
heaven) ;  Ht.  Berm.  Shahd. 

S6m6rbak  or  s6mSrbok.  Spreading  diffu- 
sion,— used  especially  of  the  diffusion  of  per- 
fume. Dan  segala  bunga  yang  tiyada  berbau 
pun  semerbak  bau-nya :  even  the  scentless 
flowers  spread  a  perfume ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 
See  also  Sh.  Bid.,  80 ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  33- 


JJ>^  S6m6rdanta.  [Skr.  and  old  Jav.  sumri- 
danta.]  Very  white,  of  the  teeth.  Usually 
in  the  form  asmara  danta  by  an  incorrect 
etymology. 


Ji/^ 


SI 


SAMISTA 


[    406    ] 


SIMPIB 


samistaj  semista  or  sdmSsta.  [Skr. 
samasta*']  All,  entire.  Tuhan  *  dlam  s, :  God 
of  the  whole  Earth ;  Bint.  Tim.,  14  March, 
1895.  See  also  Ht.  KaL  Dam.,  137;  Ht.  Isk. 
Dz, ;  etc. 


j^^^jcy*   samsir.    [Pers-^^^^.j 

a  scimetar ;  Ht.  Koris. 


A  sword,  a  bayonet, 
Better  shamshtr. 


dSsAj^ 


i\juy 


samsam.  The  name  given  to  Siamese-speak- 
ing Muhammadans  in  Kedah  and  its  neigh- 
bouring districts. 

SUmsum.  [Jav.  sungstim,]  Marrow,  pith. 
Mesera-lah  sudah  di-samsum  ttilang :  it  has 
permeated  to  the  very  marrow  of  (my)  bones ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

samsu.  [Arab,  shams,]  The  Sun;  Ht.  Koris. 
Better  shams,  q.  v. 

S^mang.  An  aboriginal  race  in  the  Malay 
Peninsula ;  Ht.  Koris ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  The 
term  is  sometimes  confined  by  EngHsh  writers 
to  negrito  aborigines  in  contradistinction  to 
Indo-Chinese  aborigines  (Sakai),  This  limi- 
tation is  not,  however,  very  strictly  observed 
by  Malays, 

sSmangka.  The  Malay  water-melon,  citrullus 
edulis;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  11.  Saga  5.:  water- 
melon pips;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  26.  The  word 
is,  however,  comparatively  rare  in  the  Straits, 
the  usual  terms  for  water-melon  being  (Kedah) 
tembikai,  (Riau,  Johor)  mendikai  and  men- 
dilikai. 

sSmangkok.     A  plant,  croton  argyrattis, 

sSmSnggah.  Becoming,  proper,  decent. 
Ta'-shnhiggah :  not  nice  to  look  at,  improper. 

sSmanggi.  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  kind  of  water- 
cress ;  (Kedah)  semangi, 

S.  gunong  :  a  thin  cake. 

sSmep.  (Kedah.)  Secret  grudging  hate, 
silent  hostility  suppressed  by  fear. 

sSmpada.     Ketam   sempada  :  a  kind  of  crab. 

sSmpadan.  A  boundary,  especially  a  well- 
defined  boundary  such  as  a  river,  mountain, 
or  fence.  Tdju' l-mtUUk  sampai  ka-sempadan 
negeri  Bakuwali :  T.  arrived  at  the  boundary 
of  the  State  of  Bakuwali;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  29. 
The  word  is  also  used  of  the  fence  round  a 
garden;  ib.,  p.  34. 

sSmpana.  Fortunate,  lucky,  blessed;  a 
name  given  to  a  peculiar  kind  of  keris ;  Ht. 
Hg.  Tuw.,  7;  Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  5;  Ht.  Raj. 
Don.,  13;  Ht.  Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  10. 

The  word  is  also  applied  to  a  snake;  tdar 
sSmpana  Mrkepala  empat,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Also 
to  a  litter ;  =  jempana.     See  semphia. 


sSmpat.  Fixed  time  or  opportunity  for  doing 
anything;  abihty  to  do  anything  owing  to 
favourable  circumstances,  as  distinct  from 
ability  in  the  sense  of  skill.  Aku  tiyada 
sempat  lari  sudah  terhakar :  I  could  not 
manage  to  run  away  and  was  burnt  to  death ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  366.  Tiyada  sempat  kita  dudok 
mBnyembah  :  we  could  not  manage  to  pay 
our  respects  (to  the  prince)  ;  Ht.  Best. 


sSmpit.  Narrow;  confined,  of  space;  want 
of  space.  Tempat  kBdudokan  Temenggong 
terlalu  sempit :  your  residence,  Temenggong, 
is  too  confined  (for  a  man  in  your  position) ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  254.  Kesempitan  belanja :  ndLvroW" 
ness  of  means,  poverty. 


^^l/w    sumpat.     A  salt-water  fish  (unidentified);  Kl., 
Pijn.,  V.  d.  W. 


SUmpit.  I.  The  use  of  a  blowpipe  ;  a  blow- 
pipe. Swnpit  terletak  di-bawah  pohun :  the 
blowpipe  was  lying  under  the  tree ;  Sh.  Sg. 
Kanch.,  8.  Tiyada  sempat  di-sumpit  akandiya: 
he  could  not  manage  to  shoot  him ;  Ht,  Abd., 
388. 

Stmipit-siimpit :  the  well-known  fish  that 
shoots  water  at  small  insects  and  knocks  them 
into  the  river. 

Snmpitan  :  the  blowpipe ;  Ht,  Abd.,  382,  390. 
Sangkor  s. :  a  blowpipe  with  a  sort  of  bayonet 
attached. 

Sumpitkan  :  to  kill  with  the  blowpipe ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  391. 

Menyumpit :  to  use  the  blowpipe,  to  shoot 
with  the  blowpipe ;  Ht.  Koris ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng. ;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  8. 

n.  A  small  sack  or  bag  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  127; 
Sh.  Lamp.,  21 ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  83.  Also  sumpit- 
smnpit,  and  sisumpit. 

Bantal  s. :  a  cushion  closed  and  plain  on  all 
sides. 


J^    sampar.       A     plague,     an     epidemic ;     KL, 
-^        V.  d.  W.,  Pijn. 

5.  hantu  :  a  medicinal  drug  (unidentified). 


jX^  sampir.  I.  Petiban  sarnpir :  a  tribute  of 
respect  to  a  prince  ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed.  Tiban  s.  : 
id.,  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

II.  The  upper  portion  of  a  Ams-sheath ; 
the  part  of  the  sheath  which  covers  the  ganja. 
Sampir  an  keris  :  id. 

III.  Sampiran  kain :  (Batav.)  A  row  of 
clothes-pegs,  a  clothes-horse  or  rack ;  Ht. 
Koris. 


jio**  simpir.  Merak  simplr :  a  gallery  on  a  native 
ship  ;  KL,  v.  d.  W,,  Pijn.  Simpir  is  said  to 
mean  :  **  allowing  the  wings  to  hang  down  or 
droop." 


SIMPOR 


[    407    ] 


SIMPUL 


OJ^ 


jfeic" 


ir 


to- 


simpor.  A  generic  name  for  a  number  of 
plants.  The  simpor  proper  is  a  large  tree 
with  large  white  flowers,  dillenia  indica.  Also 
(Perak)  dichopsis  sp. 

S.  ayer :  deist anthus  hirsutulus, 

S.  biikit :  crypiocarya  griffifhiana. 

S,  gajah :  rand'ia  anisophylla. 

S.  hiitaftf  and  s,  jantan  :  wormia  meliosmwfolia, 

S.  paya  :  wormia  ptdchella, 

sSmpoma  or  sSmpiirna.  ^  [Skr.  sampuma,] 
Completion,  fulfilment,  realization,  perfection. 
S.  ketahuwan-nya :  his  knowledge  is  perfect. 
S.  elok  rupa-nya  :  of  perfect  beauty  ;  Ht.  Md. 
Hanaf.,  31.  S.  pekerjaan  :  the  perfection  of 
work  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard.  'Akal-nya  korang  s, :  of 
deficient  intellect ;  Bint.  Tim.,  23  January, 
1895. 

Sempornakan  :  to  complete,  to  perfect,  to 
bring  to  perfection  ;  Muj.,  3  ;  Ht.  GuL  Bak., 
67.  M my empornakan  :  id,;  Muj. J  ^6.  Mesem- 
pornakan  :  id. ;  Muj.,  33. 

Sampang.     I.     Paddling. 

n.  A  Malay  varnish.  Bersikat  berminyak 
saperti  sampang :  combed  and  oiled  as  if  he 
had  been  varnished  (of  a  dandy)  ;  Sh.  Nas., 
12. 

samping.  A  kind  of  drum  mentioned  (along 
with  other  musical  instruments)  as  forming 
part  of  an  ancient  band ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Sempang  or  simpang.  Crossing;  cutting 
across  each  other,  of  roads  ;  a  crossing,  cross- 
roads ;  Ht.  Abd.,  226,  278.  S.  hnpat :  a 
crossing  where  two  roads  cut  across  each 
other.  S.  tiga  :  a  crossing  where  one  road 
meets  and  joins  another.  S.  lima,  s.  mam, 
etc. :  crossings  according  to  the  number  of 
branches  in  different  directions. 

S.  siyor :  zigzag ;  continually  changing  in 
direction,  as  the  progress  of  a  man  crossing  a 
swamp  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  308.     Also  simbang  siyor, 

Menyempang  :  to  turn  off  in  another  direction, 
of  a  man  on  a  journey  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Persempangan  jalan  :  cross-roads,  the  place 
of  meeting  of  two  roads ;  Ht.  P.  J,  P. 
Persempang-sempangan  jalan  :  id.,  but  of  more 
roads ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed.  Persempangan  jalan 
Shiirga  dan  Nnraka :  the  place  where  the  roads 
to  Heaven  and  Hell  meet;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  2. 

Sampak.     I.     The  metal   ring  or  band  at  the 

base  of  the  shaft  of  a  weapon  and  serving 
to  keep  the  haft  (pitting)  from  splitting 
the  shaft ;  the  horn  joint  placed  at  the  top  of 
the  pounder  (aln)  in  a  betel-nut  crusher 
(gobek)  and  connecting  the  handle  with  the 
iron  chisel-shaped  portion  which  cuts  up  the 
betel-nut.  Tombak  chabang  bersampak  mas : 
pronged  spears  with  ferrules  of  gold  (at  the 
junction  of  the  iron  spearpoint  and  wooden 
shaft) ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 


II.  Main  sampak  :  heads  or  tails. 

III.  Menyampak  :  to  throw,  to  cast;  Ht, 
Mar.  Mah.;  a  Kedah  word,  derived  apparently 
from  sampak  but  really  from  champak, 

IV.  Saluwar  s. ;  trowsers  worn  by  Malays 
in  padi'fields  and  swamps. 

,Jic*»    sampok.      Intrusion,     especially     on     other 
persons*  business;  Sh.  Ul.,  14.     See  sempok. 


3^ 


Jl^ 


sempak. 

edge. 


Chipped,  notched,    injured   at   the 


sempok.     Menyempok :  (Riau,  Johor)  to  thrust 

oneself  up  against  a  person,  to  put  oneself  in 
a  man's  way  either  literally  or  metaphorically; 
to  attack  a  person  conversationally ;  (Kedah) 
to  break  in,  unasked  upon  a  conversation  ;  to 
thrust  forward  one's  opinion  when  no  one 
asks  for  it.     Also  sampok,  s.nd  jampok, 

SOmpek.  Much  injured  at  the  edge ;  saw- 
edged,  of  a  thing  that  ought  to  have  a  straight 
edge  ; — a  stronger  expression  than  sempak. 


SOmpok.      (  Kedah.  ) 
jasmine  ?) 


A     plant     (the     wild 


sampil.  The  bast  or  husk  of  the  lower 
portion  of  a  palm-branch. 

sanipul.  A  case,  an  envelope,  a  wrapper  or 
covering  of  any  sort,  such  as  a  pillow-case,  a 
watch-cover ;  (sometimes)  the  caul  in  which 
a  new-born  child  is  born.  Sa4elah  sudah 
stir  at  itti  di'Sampul  dengan  kain  kuning  :  when 
the  letter  w^as  wrapped  up  in  an  envelope  of 
yellow  cloth ;  Ht.  Abd.,  274. 

Bersampul :  with  a  wrapper,  envelope,  or 
covering ;  Pel.  Abd.,  55. 

Sempal.  Sticking  out  in  part,  partly  pro- 
jecting; the  stage  in  the  blossoming  of  the 
banana  at  which  the  jantong  sticks  out.  Pusat 
tersempal :  a  projecting  navel,  (bujal  being  the 
special  term  for  this).  Menyempal:  to  stick 
out. 

\j^    simpul.     I.     A  plant  (unidentified). 

11.  Knotting,  fastening,  tying.  S,maii:  a 
fast  knot ;  a  knot  that  cannot  be  easily 
undone.  S.  puleh :  a  slip-knot,  a  fastening 
that  can  be  easily  undone,  e.  g.,  as  one  fastens 
up  shoe-laces;  Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  4,  Sennyum  s, : 
a  smile  accompanied  by  a  blush ;  a  smile  at 
a  joke  at  one's  own  expense;  Ht.  Abd.,  221; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  106;  Ht.  Si  Misk.,  16;  Sh. 
Lail.  Mejn.,  8. 

Simpulan :  a  tying  together,  a  fastening. 
Sa4elah  tBgoh  janji  simpulan :  when  the  tie  of 
union  had  been  firmly  knit ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

MBnyimpul:  to  tie,  to  fasten;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng. 


SUMPIL 


[    408    ] 


SAMPAI 


^Jac^  SUmpil.  Jav.  Corking,  stopping  up  an 
orifice  or  aperture.  Menyumpil  Ulinga:  to 
stop  up  the  ears  (with  cotton  wool);  Ht. 
Hamz.,  91. 

C-Ji<y    S6mp61at.     Dirty,  soiled  in  patches. 

4ltc-»  s6mp§lah.  Useless,  accursed,  good  for 
nothing.     A  nak  s, :  a  bastard ;  a  term  of  abuse. 


cA^ 


sampan.     [Chin,   sam-pdn.]     A  small   boat ; 
a  **  sampan  '' ;  Ht.  Abd.,  132,  482. 

S,  chedok  ikan :  a  boat,  of  fair  size,  in  use 
with  fishing-stakes ;  v.  infra. 

S.  golek:  (Penang)  the  common  Chinese 
sampan  plying  in  the  harbours  of  the  Straits. 

S.  kotak :  (Singapore)  the  common  Chinese 
sampan  so  called  from  peculiar  lockers  in  the 
stern. 

S.  kitdong :  (Penang)  a  short  beamy  Chinese 
sampan, 

S.  mengail:  (Penang)  the  small  canoe-like 
boat  (Singapore  kolek)  used  by  one  or  two 
persons  to  visit  the  fishing-stakes  but  not  big 
enough  for  the  regular  fishing  work  for  which 
the  s.  chedok  ikan  is  used. 

S.  panjang :  a  long  narrow  swift  Malay  or 
Tamil  boat  used  in  Singapore  harbour  when 
speed  is  important. 

S.  pukat :  a  small  canoe-like  boat  used  with 
the ptikat  nets;  Pel.  Abd.,  3. 

S.  selit :  a  peculiar  small  boat  with  a  move- 
able bulwark. 

S.  iambang :  a  boat  plying  for  hire  between 
ships  and  the  shore;  Pel.  Abd.,  12. 

S.  itmda :  a  boat  of  the  dinghy  type  towed 
behind  a  small  sailing  vessel. 


rJjc^    sampun.     Completion,  accomplishment;  en- 
tire, whole. 


^*UJO^  Simpan.  The  act  of  holding  or  retaining  in 
one's  possession ;  laying  by,  putting  up,  keep- 
ing in  custody.     S.  di-hati :  to  bear  in  mind. 

Simpanan :  the  act  of  possession ;  the  thing 
possessed.  Ada-pun  mantkam  itu  lama  di- 
dalam  simpanan  raja :  the  gem  was  for  a  long 
time  in  the  king's  possession ;  Ht.  Mash.,  26. 
See  also  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  50, 

Menyimpan :  to  keep,  to  preserve.  M. 
rahasiya :  to  keep  a  secret ;  Ht.  Abd.,  99.  M. 
dirt:  to  behave  oneself;  Sh.  Bid.,  27. 

Uto**  s6mp6na.  A  mark  bringing  good  or  bad 
luck;  a  lucky  or  unlucky  saying,  act  or 
occurrence ;  =  sempana,  q.  v. 

Afi^    sampu.     I.     Gradual  decline,  sinking  emacia- 
J^       f1*r^r.  x,7oef;«r.  ^«,o,,     DcMan  s. :  id. 


UVJ^ 


tion,  wasting  away. 

n.     Minyampu:  to  put  a  stop  to  a 
that  is  going  on. 


game 


ji>- 


4ijC^ 


4ac** 


Aic-* 


Aac^ 


j^ 


sSmpuras.  (Kedah.)  Dirt  on  the  face  after 
eating;  dirty  or  greasy  with  food.  Muka 
shnpuras  taroh  bMak,  hati  siyapa  fiyada  ingin  : 
put  powder  on  an  unwashed  face,  and  who 
is  there  who  will  not  lust  after  it  ? — appear- 
ances may  take  in  anybody ;  Prov. 

sSmpolong.  I.  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  mode  of 
dressing  the  hair  rather  shorter  than  that 
known  as  sangguL 

n.  (Kedah.)  A  disease,  ascribed  to  *'wind 
in  the  stomach." 

sampah.  Rubbish,  dry  dirt,  the  dregs  of 
dirty  water.  Sampah  masok  mata  sendiri :  the 
dirt  that  is  in  one's  own  eye  (in  contradis- 
tinction to  the  mote  in  a  brother's  eye);  Prov. 
Laksana  sampah  sa4ai  (ay am  ta'-paiok,  itek  ta^- 
stidu):  like  a  piece  of  dirt  (which  fowls  will 
not  peck  up  and  ducks  will  not  scoop  up);  a 
type  of  ugly  worthlessness ;  Prov.  Saperti 
sampah  di-kedai  China  :  like  filth  in  a  Chinese 
shop;  a  type  of  abundance;  Prov.  Sampah 
itu  ka-tepi  juga :  the  scum  always  finds  its 
way  to  the  side;  the  poor  always  get  the 
worst  place;  Prov.,  see  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  39. 
Saperti  memandang  sampah  di-jalan :  like  seeing 
filth  on  the  road ;  a  suggestion  of  instinctive 
aversion ;  Prov.  Di-ambil  sampah  di-buwatkan 
rabun  :  he  collected  the  rubbish  and  burnt  it 
(to  smoke  the  house) ;  Sh.  Dag.,  5.  Rumah 
di'biyarkan  sampah  melata :  to  allow  dust  to 
spread  all  over  the  house;  Sh.  Kumb. 
Chumb.,  25. 

simpoh.  A  generic  name  for  a  number  of 
plants  also  known  as  simpor,  q.  v. 

sompoh.  The  act  of  carrying  a  person  {e.  g"., 
a  child)  on  the  neck  and  shoulders. 

SUmpah.  An  oath  ;  the  swearing  of  an  oath ; 
the  use  of  profane  language.  Dengan  sampah 
dan  memakan  darah :  with  oaths  and  blood- 
drinking,  Membiri  s. ;  to  administer  the  oath 
(to  a  witness). 

Sumpah'Sumpah :  the  Malay  ''  chameleons  ;  " 
calotes  versicolor  and  calotes  cristatellns, 

Berstimpah:  to  take  an  oath.  Aku  bersumpah 
dengan  nama  Allah:  I  swore  by  God's  name. 
Bersumpah  dengan  nama  nabt  A  llah  Sulaimdn  : 
with  an  oath  in  the  name  of  God's  Prophet 
Solomon. 

Menyumpah :  to  swear,  to  use  bad  language ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  210;  Sh.  Bid.,  79;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Sampai.  I.  As  far  as,  up  to ;  attainment  to, 
reaching  to,  extending  to.  Ada  yang  t^ngah 
naikf  ada  yang  sudah  sampai  Himur-nya  bdligh : 
some  were  half  grown,  others  had  reached 
complete  maturity ;  Ht.  Abd.,  268.  Sudah 
sampai  janji-nya :  he  has  reached  the  pre- 
ordained limit  of  his  life.  Sampai  hati  sampai 
rasa :  have  you  the  heart,  have  you  the  feel- 
ings (to  do  anything  cruel) ;  Ht.  Raj.  Don. 


SIMPAI 


[    409    ] 


s£m£nd£ba 


Smnpaikan :  (1)  to  reach  to ;  even  as  far  as  ; 
=  sampat  akan.  Sampaikan  pamor-pamor  keris 
itu-pun  hendak  di-kBtahuwi-nya :  he  wanted  to 
make  his  knowledge  extend  even  to  such 
things  as  the  markings  on  daggers.  (2)  To 
cause  to  extend  to;  to  cause  to  reach;  to 
convey.  S.  khabar :  to  convey  news.  Also 
menyampaikan. 

Ta'-kesampaiyan  :  not  self-evident,  not  strik- 
ing the  eye, — of  a  thing  that  is,  but  does  not 
appear  to  be. 

See  also  sampat,  II. 

II.  Hanging  loosely  over  anything  as  a 
scarf  or  shawl ;  or  as  clothes  hanging  over  a 
clothes-line. 

Sampaiyan  kain  :  a  clothes-horse  or  clothes- 
line; Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  P.  J.  P.  Bersampaiyan  : 
hanging  loosely  over,  hung  out.  Kain  basah 
bersampaiyan  :  wet  clothes  hung  out  to  dry ; 
Sh.  Bid,,  66.  Bersampaiyan  ranal  di-bahu- 
nya  :  with  a  kerchief  slung  over  the  shoulder ; 
Ht.  Koris. 

Cf.  selampai,  chapai,  ampai,  apai,  rapai, 
gerapai,  etc.  Sampai  I.,  is  only  a  special  use 
of  sampai  II.,  i,  e,,  sa-ampai :  as  far  as  one  can 
reach  by  groping,  as  far  as  the  hand  will  go. 

ifi^  simpai.  I.  The  act  of  fastening  by  means 
of  a  loop  or  anything  passed  round  the  thing 
to  be  fastened, — usually  of  rattan  fastenings 
and  not  metal  bands  or  ferrules  (temin). 
S,  pahat :  a  rattan  fastening  on  a  chisel 
handle.  Rotan  s.  :  the  rattan  principally 
used  for  these  fastenings. 

Simpaikan :  to  fasten,  to  tie  round ;  Sh. 
Pant,  Shi.,  9. 

II.  A  monkey,  semnopithecus  melalophos. 
This  word  (though  properly  a  Bencoolen  and 
not  a  Peninsular  word)  is  probably  the  one 
really  meant  as  the  Rejang  of  the  fifth  day  of 
the  month;  Sh.  Rej.,  5,  6. 

J\A^    Sgmpera.     A  dish  made  of  flour,  salt,  chillies, 
prawns,  coconut,  etc. 

kliy    s6mpiyong.     (Kedah.)     A  small  circular  fish- 
^  trap  of  bamboo. 

j-ji^    S^mpilai.     (Kedah.)     A  fish,   also  known   as 
anak  ampit,  or  ikan  pelaga. 


O^  sampeyan  or  sfimpiyan.  I.  Jav.  A  title 
used  in  addressing  a  prince ;  Ht.  Sh.  ;  Ht. 
Mas  Ed. ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Naga  s. ;  a  fabled  dragon ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 
Ular  s,  :  id.,  Ht.  Koris. 


jr 


Sdmak.  Shrub  growth  ;  the  growth  of  brush- 
wood and  undergrowth  generally.  Jalan 
yang  s.  :  a  road  that  has  become  overgrown 
through  neglect.  S.  samun :  extremely 
overgrown  ;  Sh.  Bid.,  3.  S.  dan  samun  :  id. ; 
Sh.  Peng.,  25. 


Oj^^    s6mSlawan.     A  forest-tree  (unidentified). 

oJU^    sfimSlit.     Indigestion  ;  dyspepsia ;  Hay.  Haiw. 
Better  semb^lit. 


y^    sSmambu.     Rotan    s. :    the    Malacca    cane; 
calamus  scipionum, 

S.  bangkut :  a  Malacca  cane  the  joints  of 
which  occur  in  two  or  more  cases  at  excep- 
tionally short  intervals ;  this  peculiarity  is 
deemed  to  bring  luck. 


i^    sSmampai.  Loosely 
planks,  sticks,  etc. 


lashed      together,     of 


^yo^    seman.   A  Malay  proper  name,    an   abbrevia- 
tion of  the  full  Arabic  name  *  Uthmdn. 


\j;^j^  sSmSna.  Tidak  semena  :  without  why  or 
wherefore;  Bint,  Tim.,  4  Aprily  1895.  Often 
written  tidak  sa-mana-mana,  as  though  from 
mana. 


J 


Sxjy 


jfcuc^ 


sSmentara.  While,  during ;  for  a  time ;  tem- 
porary. Sementara  diya  lagi  kechil  ini  :  while 
still  small ;  Ht.  Abd.,  260.  Hal  negiri  Singa- 
pur  a  ini  sementara  sehaja,  tiyada  akan  kekal: 
the  existence  of  this  place,  Singapore,  is 
quite  temporary,  it  cannot  continue  per- 
manently ;  Ht.  Abd.,  217.     From  antara, 

Sfimgntang.  Although,  admitting  that,  while ; 
=  simggoh'pun.  Sementang  pun  tiyada  orang 
di-sini  jangan-lah  dichapak  sangat :  although 
there  are  no  people  present  do  not  be  too 
careless  (about  exposing  your  person) ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Meng. 

sSmSntong.     Blunt,  simple,  dull-witted. 

sSmantan.  Nyior  semantan  :  a  coconut  at  the 
stage  in  its  growth  when  the  water  inside  can 
just  begin  to  be  heard  on  the  nut  being 
shaken. 

I4W    semanja.     Intentionally  ;  only  ;  a  connective 
^         form  of  sengaja  and  sehaja. 

.  \^jc^    sSmSnjana.     Mediocre;  a  variant  of  semejana. 

3^ 


sSmSujak.  Since.  Semenjak  pirang  China 
dan  Jipim  :  since  the  China-Japan  War;  Bint. 
Tim.,  23  February,  1895. 


JCwC^ 


sSmSnda.  The  migration  of  a  man  from  his 
own  house  to  take  up  his  residence  with  and 
unite  his  fortunes  with  those  of,  his  wife's 
family  ;  the  transference  of  a  man's  service  to 
his  wife's  family  on  his  marriage. 

sSmandar.     A  salamander. 

sSmfindSra.     A  large  species  of  ant. 


SiM^HDiRASA 


[     4^0    ] 


SUNNAT 


^UJu^ 


sSmSndSrasa.  [Old  Jav,  sumanam,  Jav. 
sitmarsana,]  A  name  for  the  chhnpaka 
flower,  e,g.i  btmga  semenderasa  wilts  chempaka: 
the '*  green  champak,"  Sej.  MaL,  134;  see 
also  Ht*  Perb.  Jaya.  S.  jingga  :  the  **  orange 
champak  "  ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 


P-JCi^    sSmunding.     A   large    species    of    monkey; 
C  KL,  V.  d.  W.,  Pijn. 


^JCwc^    sSmSndal.    Mica. 


^^gui    Sfimu.     Deceit   b}^  false  pretences  or  appear- 
-^        ance  ;    deception  by  representing    oneself  as 
other  than  what  one  is. 

Unggas   hukan,   chentayu   bukan^ 
Kira-nya   daun   selara    tebii ; 

Acheh   btikan,   MHayii   bukan, 
Pandai-nya  amat  bermain  semti: 

she  is  not  of  Achinese  nor  is  she  of  Malay 
race,  yet  is  she  deeply  versed  in  the  arts  of 
deceit;  MaL  Misc.,  ii.  Semu  Melayu,  Malay 
deceit,  is  proverbial. 

Tersemu  :  deceived,  taken  in.  Sudah  tersemu 
di-tengah  terang :  to  be  deceived  by  appear- 
ances in  broad  daylight ;  to  be  easily  taken 
in  ;  Ht.  Koris ;  cf.  also  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  36. 
Terlalu  cheredek  orang  Melaka  ini,  tiyada 
tersemu  tdeh  kit  a :  these  men  of  Malacca  are 
very  quickwitted,  they  have  not  been  taken 
in  by  us  at  all ;    Sej.  MaL,  147. 

I    s6muwa.      [Skr,   samuha.]      All,    the   whole, 
\       I       every   one    of.     Semuwa-nya :   all     of    them. 
J^J       Kesemuwa-nya  :  the  whole  lot  of  them  ;  all  of 
them. 


>yy    sSmuchup.       Love     grass  ;      also     (Kedah) 
temiichut,  (Selangor)  chemuchup. 


UJ>yy»    sSmudera.     [Skr.  samudra,]     The  Ocean. 

C^  a^y*  Semugut.  A  disease  resulting  in  a  discharge 
of  matter  through  the  vagina ;  more  com- 
monly  senggtigut,  q.  v. 


fy^ 


L^ 


samtjim.  Arab.  The  Simoom  ;  the  parching 
wind  of  the  Arabian  and  African  deserts, 

sSmaL  The  planting  of  padi  seed  in  a  nur- 
sery ;  a  nursery  of  young  plants,  especially 
of  padi.  Di-semai-nya-lah  $  egala  mackam  bijan- 
bijan  :  he  sowed  all  kinds  of  sesamum  ;  Ht. 
GuL  Bak.,  131.  Saperti  rupa  beneh  terslmai  : 
like  seedlings  in  a  nursery ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  20. 

Lj^    sSmiyang.     A  harpoon  ;  KL  ;  =  temiyang? 

yjs^  sSmilir.  Silir  semilir  :  waving,  as  the  loose 
end  of  a  garment  (e,  g,^  puncha  sabok)  when 
the  owner  moves  ;  Ht.  Sh. 

ijLc^    sSmilang.     A    fish  with  a  poisonous  fin ;  a 
^*         variant  of  s^mbilang. 


^Jif^    s6memeh.     Soiled,  befouled,- 
and  face  after  chewing  sireh. 


-of  the  mouth 


^3^    sSminai.     A  lofty  forest  tree  (unidentified). 
^y^    sen.     Eng.     Cent.     In  Penang,  duwit  is  used. 


vAm^ 


cA^ 


i9U 


Um. 


t?^U 


kWw 


S^na.  Pohun  Sena:  the**  senna''  tree,  petro- 
carpus  indicus ;  Ht.  Abd.,  83.  Daun  sena 
makki :  **  Mecca  senna,"  the  true  senna,  the 
leaves  of  which  are  imported  from  Arabia  ; 
cassia  angustifolia* 

sSnangin.  Ikan  smangin  :  a  salt-water  fish  ; 
Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  18. 

Sfinapang.  [Dutch :  snaphaan,]  A  gun,  a 
musket,  a  rifle;  Ht.  Abd.  6g,  106,  247.  Kalau 
tiyada  senapang  baik  berjalan  lapang :  if  you 
have  no  gun  give  your  enemies  a  wide  berth ; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  37. 

S.  batu  :  a  flint  lock. 

5.  kenibar  :    a  double-barrelled  gun. 

S.  kep  :  a  muzzle-loader. 

S,  kopak  :  a  breech-loader. 

S.  pmgantin  :  =  s.  k^mbar. 

5.  tSrkul :  a  rifled  gun  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  58. 

Mengisi  s.  :  to  load  a  gun. 

Sa-piichok  s.  :  one  gun. 

sSnawi.  A  man  who  works  his  passage;  a 
passenger  who  gives  his  services  in  return  for 
a  free  passage  on  a  native  boat.  Also  (less 
common)  sawi.  The  word  is  also  used  of  a 
petty  officer  on  a  Malay  per ahu  ;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
III.,  66. 


iXx^   sgnaip. 

tetirok. 


Eng.     The  snipe.     Better  berkek  or 


jvU*«    senayan.     Hari  senayan :  the  second  day  of 
the  week,  Monday;  a  corruption  of  the  Arabic 

ithnaijt. 


ilr^    SUnbulat.      Arab.      The   sign    Virgo   in    the 
Zodiac. 


kJJt^ 


SXXnbtik.     Pers.     A  small  boat,  a  dinghy ;  see 
sambok,  the  usual  colloquial  form  of  this  word, 

sSnat.     A  variety  of  the  junk. 


AMi  sanat.  Arab.  Year;  year  calculated  from 
the  Hegira ;  Ht.  Abd,,  3. 

ii^  smmat.  Arab.  Tradition;  practice;  circum- 
cision, incision.  Tukang  s. ;  a  man  who 
circumcises ;  Ht.  Abd.,  33. 

Sunnatkan :  to   circumcise;   Ht.   Abd.,   32; 

Sh,  Nas.,  15. 


S&NTA 


[     4"     ] 


S&NTAK 


(S/^ 


sSnta.     (Riau,  Johor.)     The  horizontal  tim- 
bers of  the   framework  of  a  boat;    (Kedah) 

senta, 

Senta.     I.     See  senta,  supra. 
IL     Refusal;  KL,  v.  d.  W. 


^UX^    sSntada.     I.     A  species  of  ant. 


Cf^ 


IL  A  tree  resembling  the  yew,  and  common 
near  the  sea ;  podocarptcs  neglectiis. 

sSntadu.     I.     A  large  green  caterpillar. 

IL  A  tree  (unidentified).  Also  (Kedah) 
chentadti. 

sSntaka.  A  tree  of  the  medan^  class;  KL, 
V.  d.  W. 

sSntagi.  Akar  sentagi :  a  medicinal  herb 
(unidentified). 

sSntana.  Jav.  Family;  especially  in  the 
expression  kulasentana,  =  keluwarga, 

sintar.  I.  The  blue-breasted  banded  rail ; 
hypotcenidia  striata. 

IL     (Kedah.)     Swift  of  movement,  agile. 

SantSri  or  sSntgri.  [Tam.  santiri:  astro- 
loger.] A  wandering  student ;  hence,  a 
wanderer  generally,  a  stranger.  Dagang 
senteri :  strangers  of  all  sorts,  traders  and 
students;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  21 ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 

Sfintong.  A  ring,  a  circle,  a  round  belat  (fish- 
trap).  Kain  s. ;  a  sewn  sarong,  a  sarong  thus 
forming  a  complete  circle  in  contradistinction 
to  an  unsewn  sarong  (kain  Upas).  Baju 
sentong :  a  jacket  (baju)  that  does  not  open 
the  whole  way  down  in  front  but  has  an 
opening  through  which  the  head  can  be 
passed. 

Sentong  is  also  used  of  a  kind  of  fence  with  a 
thread  round  it  in  which  a  buffalo  is  placed 
when  its  owner  wishes  to  announce  a 
challenge  to  another  buffalo  which  has  been 
victorious  in  a  previous  encounter. 


senteng  or  sinting. 

or  curtains.     Seluwar  s. 
Ind.  Meng, 

II.     (Riau,   Johor.) 
sella;  (Kedah)  siting. 


I.     Short,   of  clothes 
:  short  trowsers ;  Ht. 

A   thin    shell,  placuna 


SUnting.  I.  The  wearing  of  flowers  or  other 
ornaments  stuck  in  the  hair  or  behind  the 
ear;  a  flower  or  ornament  so  worn.  Btmga 
di'Stmting,  perdu  di-sepak  btiwang :  he  stuck 
the  flower  in  his  hair  but  cast  away  the  stalk ; 
he  lavished  gifts  on  the  daughter  but  left  her 
mother  to  die  in  penury;  Prov.  Bunga 
btmgaan  di-buwat  stinting :  they  stuck  flowers 
in  their  hair;  Sej.  Mai.,  45. 


Tanam  ubi  di-balek   bukit, 
Di-ambil  uleh  anak  perdana; 

Lagi  suka  di-sunting  sadikit, 
Sudah   lama  tidak   berguna : 

he  still  likes  to  wear  it  sometimes,  when  it 
is  old  it  will  cease  to  be  useful ;  (by  metaphor) 
now  she  is  young  he  loves  her,  when  she  is 
old  he  will  cast  her  off;  Prov.,  Sh.  Kumb. 
Chumb.,  12;  cf.  also  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  26. 

5.  apilan :  light  guns  (tela)  crowning  the 
gun  shield  (apilan). 

Suntingkan:  to  wear  in  the  hair;  (by 
metaphor)  to  "crop  the  flower  in  season"; 
Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  21.  Persunting :  wearing  in 
the  hair.  Tiyada  pernah  di-persunting  tajok 
yang  di-jembangan  itu:  he  had  never  worn 
the  tuft  of  flowers  which  were  in  that  garden ; 
i.  d.,  he  had  never  taken  advantage  of  his 
rights  over  the  girl ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  37, 

IL  Stinting  abu:  a^  Kedah  variant  of  the 
word  setiyabu,  a  weapon  with  a  three-sided 
blade.  Stmtiyabu  is  another  Kedah  variant 
of  the  same  word.  It  is  also  the  name  of  a 
snake. 


santap.  Eating  and  drinking,  consuming  a 
repast, — used  of  royal  personages.  Santap-lah 
sireh,  anak-ku :  take  some  sireh,  my  child ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb.  Baginda  duwa  laki  isteri  santap- 
lah  :  the  king  and  queen  took  their  repast ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  35. 

Santapan  :  a  royal  repast ;  Sh,  Pant,  Shi.,  3 ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Persantapan :  id.,  Sej.  Mai,, 
125  ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  17,  30. 


sSntap.     S.  balek  :  (Kedah)  to  spring  back,  of 
an  elastic  body ;  cf.  (Riau,  Johor)  sentah. 


^XX^    santak.     1.     Menyantak:    to  strike  with    the 
fist  or  knuckles. 

IL     The    central   line    in   some    children's 
games;  the  lines  drawn  on  a  playing  court. 


^y^^    santok.     A  knock  against ;  to  knock  against ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg.     Usually  antok. 


^jr^    sentak.     L     A  jerk,  a  sudden  pull. 

Sentakkan :  to  jerk  up,  to  pull  violently 
away,  to  snatch  and  pull  at.  Disentakkan-nya 
agok-agok  daripada  dada :  he  tore  the  brooch 
off  her  breast;  Sh.  Bid.,  79.  Di-sentakkan-nya 
keris-nya  tiyada  terchabut :  he  gave  a  tug  at  his 
dagger  but  failed  to  draw  it  from  its  sheath ; 
Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  87.  Minyentak  :  =  sentakkan; 
Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  93.  Menyentakkan :  id.;  Sh. 
Bid.,  115. 

IL     A  salt-water  fish  (unidentified). 


SSNTOK 


[    412    3 


S&NJOLONG 


^J"***** 


sentok  or  sintOk.  A  tree  ( cinnamomum 
sentu  ?)  Out  of  its  fibre  is  made  a  kind  of 
soap  used  at  the  berlimau  festival,  and  which 
is  often  mentioned  in  Hterature;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah.  Menyentok  :  to  use  this  fibrous  stuff  in 
the  bath ;  Ht.  Gh.,  Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 
Bersentok :  id.,  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.  Menyentokkan : 
id.:  Ht.'Mar,  Mah. 


ij*****  SOntok  or  suntok.  Limitation  of  time,  in- 
sufficiency of  time.  Sa-malam  s. :  all  night, 
but  that  was  not  sufficient ;  Sh,  Put.  Ak.,  23 ; 
Sh.  Dag.,  3.  Hendak  mengaji^  sudah4ah 
sontok :  I  would  like  to  learn,  but  have  no 
time  (or  the  time  is  past);  Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  4. 
Waktu  nan  sontok,  hardm  iiyada :  the  time  is 
up  and  nothing  is  left  us;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  49. 
Orang  tiiwa  s. :  an  old  man  who  apes  young 
ways. 

Vxx*M  sSntal.  Minyental :  to  rub  anything  roughly 
and  hard,  with  the  side  of  the  hand  or  with  a 
piece  of  hilsk  or  with  anything  of  a  similar 
character. 

\;iXaa»    s6ntiL     Sticking  anything  in  an  opening  so 
^  that  it  is  partly  inside  and   partly  outside; 

sticking  it  in  as  far  as  it  will  go ; — used  espe- 
cially of  a  quid  of  tobacco.     Cf.  sBmpaL 

jUl*M    s6ntuL     A  well-known  fruit-tree,  sandoricum 
indiciim;  Pel.  Abd.,  78. 

Ix^b**!    sintal.     Pot-bellied,  obese. 
Axx^w    sintul.     Short  and  thick ;  Pijn. 


L^*^^**** 


santan.  The  milk  of  the  coco-nut;  Sh. 
Peng.,  2;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  H.,  161.  Saperti  santan: 
like  coco-nut  milk ;  a  symbol  for  sweetness. 
Kepala  s. ;  the  best  of  the  milk ;  the  cream ; 
(by  metaphor)  virginity.  Sebab  ptilut  santan 
binasa :  for  the  ptdut-rice,  the  coco-nut  milk 
was  spoilt,  a  rhyming  equivalent  for  sebab 
mtilut  badan  binasa  :  because  of  the  mouth  the 
body  comes  to  grief ;  Prov.^ 

Q^\X^  santun.  Slow,  sedate,  dignified,  imposing  of 
manner,  Bennadah  sangat4ah  s. :  to  utter 
sayings  impressively;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  24. 
Laku-nya  sangat4ah  s. :  very  imposing  in 
manner;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  19.  Sopan  s.  : 
modest  and  dignified;  sedate;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. ; 
Ht.  P.  J.  P.;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz.;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  48. 


U^J^-^ 


sSntOSa.  [Skr.  santosa.]  Rest,  peace,  tran- 
quillity. Mendapat  sentosa  dan  kesenangan 
dudok  di-bawah  bandera  Inggeris :  obtaining 
peace  and  comfort  under  the  English  flag; 
Ht.  Abd.,  460.  See  also  Ht.  Abd.,  68,  134, 
367,  414;  Cr.  Gr.,  46.  K^sentosaan:  id.;  Sh. 
Jub.  Mai.,  13. 

1  For  these  last  expressions,  cf.  the  pantun : 
Kalau  tuwan  pergi  ka-laut, 

Phan  sekaya  kUam  Janian; 
Kalau  tuwan  mSnjadt  pulut, 

SIShaya  mHjadi  kipala  santan. 


iS^ 


cT 


jJjXwi    sSntolar.     To  plait  or  twist  a  cord  to  make 
it  thicker ;  to  add  a  lash  to  a  whip. 


sSntoh.  Forcible  contact,  collision.  Senjata 
yang  tSrsentoh  sama-nya  senjata  :  weapons  that 
came  into  contact  with  others  (in  fencing); 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Jangankan  di-makan  ikan  kail- 
nya,  di-sentoh-nya  pan  tiyada  :  so  far  from  the 
fish  taking  his  hook,  they  did  not  even  knock 
up  against  it ;  Ht.  Bakht.,  53. 

SUnteh.  Mlnytmteh :  to  chip,  to  cut  off  a 
small  piece  at  a  blow. 

SUIlti.  Belimbing  fruit  (averrhoa  bilimbi)  pre- 
served in  salt  as  a  sort  of  pickle. 

Anak  dara  s.  :  a  girl  of  seven  or  eight  years 
of  age ;  (by  extension)  virgo  intacta.  Pirawan 
s. ;  id. ;  used  in  the  sense  of  virgo  intacta;  Sh. 
Peng.,  3. 

SUntiyabu.  (Kedah.)  A  three-sided  weapon ; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah.     Also  (Riau,  Johor)  setiyabu. 

S6n6tiyasa  or  S§ntiyasa.  Always;  eter- 
nally; from  Skr.  nityasha ;  see  netiyasa  or 
nentiyasa, 

sSnja.  [Skr.  sanjdJ]  Evenfall.  Senja-kala : 
id.  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  244.  Waktu  senja  :  id.,  Ht. 
Koris.  Hampir  s. :  close  on  evenfall ;  Sh, 
Ik.  Trub.,  16.  Awal  s. :  the  early  part  of  the 
evening ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  4. 

sSnjata.  [Skr.  sadjata  ?]  Instrument  of 
warfare,  weapon.  Senjata-nya  pada  sa-orang 
sa-pasang  pistul :  each  man  was  armed  with 
a  pair  of  pistols  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  106.  Alat  s,  : 
equipment  for  warfare,  armament. 

sSnjing.     A  metal  tray  or  rest  for  a  glass. 

S^njong.  The  scales ;  the  bar  of  the  scales 
in  contradistinction  to  the  pans. 

Sdnjak.  Since  ;  a  variant  of  sejak.  See  also 
semenjak, 

sSnjakala.  Evenfall  ;  evening  ;  v.  senja  ; 
from  Skr.  sanjd-kdla. 

SUnjam.  Head  downwards.  Tersunjam  : 
held  up  by  the  heels,  or  fallen  head  foremost ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Jangan4ah   kamn   banyak  gnrindam; 
Sa-kali  ini  mati  tersunjam : 
do  not  be  over-humourous,  for  you  are  just 
about  to  die  hung  up  by  the  heels   (ignomi- 
niously) ;  Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  22. 

sSxijolong.  With  a  long  projecting  snout, — 
a  ciescriptive  name  given  to  the  gavial  (tomis- 
toma  schkgeli),  to  some  small  sword-fish  or 
saw-fish,  and  to  a  boat  with  a  long,  figure- 
head.    Better  jenjolong,  or  jolong-jolong. 


t 


jW- 


'IjT 


s£HJOti&K 


[    413    ] 


S^NDONG 


J^ 


sSnjolek  or  sgnjulek. 

identified). 


A    sfiell-fish     (un- 


sinjoh.  Elbowing  a  man  away  ;  elbowing  off 
anything. 

sSnda.  I.  [Skr,sahaya'nda,]  Your  Humble 
servant,  I ;  cf.  sehaya.  Mari-lah  naik  ka-rumah 
senda:  come  up  to  my  house  ;  Sh.  Bid.,  17. 
Sangat  mengantok  mata-nya  senda  :  I  am  very 
drowsy  about  the  eyes  ;  Sh.,  A.  R.  S.  J.,  7. 
Mamak  juga  kapada  senda,  iya-lah  saudara 
bonda  patek :  he  is  my  uncle,  my  mother's 
brother;  Ht.  Sri  Rama.  See  also  Ht.  Mas 
Ed.;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  156;  Sej.  MaL,  69,  98; 
Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  34;  Sh,,  A.  R.  S.  J.,  15. 

II.  A  joke,  a  jest;  toying,  sportive  conversa- 
tion, joking.  Gurau  senda:  id.,  reduplicated; 
Ht.  Ind.  J  ay  a.  Senda  guranwan :  id.,  Sh,  UL, 
21.  Bersenda:  to  make  jokes,  to  interchange 
sallies  of  wit;  Marsd.  Gr.,  211;  Sh,  Pant.  Shi. 
Bersenda  gnran :  id.;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  38,  42. 
Berguraii  senda  :  id. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  129. 


sendalu. 


Angin  s. 


a  moderate  breeze. 


sSndawa.  [Skr.  saindhawa,]  Saltpetre. 
Terang-nya  saperti  orang  membakar  sendawa : 
it  was  as  bright  as  if  men  had  been  burning 
saltpetre  ;  Sh.,  K.  G.  T.,  5. 

Sendat.  Wedged  in,  nipped  in  ;  exactly  fill- 
ing  up  an  interstice ;  Bint.  Tim. 

sindat.  A  flat  armlet  or  bangle  worn  by 
women. 

Sandar.  Leaning  back,  resting  the  back 
against  anything.  Bersandar :  to  lean,  to  re- 
cline. A  pa  nama  kayti  ini  tempat  kita  bersandar : 
what  is  the  name  of  this  tree  against  which 
we  have  been  reclining ;  Sej.  Mai.,  87, 

Persandar :  a  thing  that  serves  as  a  rest  to 
recline  against ;  serving  as  a  rest.  Bangku 
yang  hitam  di-persandar-nya :  they  used  the 
black  bench  for  his  back-rest ;  Sh.  Peng.,  20. 

Penyandar :  (Singapore)  the  board  against 
which  a  passenger  in  a  sampan  or  other  native 
boat  rests  his  back ;  (Penang)  papan  sandar, 

T er sandar :  reclining  upon,  leaning  back 
upon  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  124,  310  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Sandar  is  also  used  (by  metaphor)  of  a  man 
depositing  security  for  himself. 

Sandar.  Snoring  (not  as  loud  as  the  snoring 
expressed  by  dengkor  but  louder  than  that  ex- 
pressed by  keroh), 

sender  or  sindir.  Teasing,  irony,  chaff. 
Pukul  anak  sindir  mhiantu :  io  strike  one's 
child  in  order  to  vex  one*s  son-in-law ;  Prov. 
S,  nyanyi :  chaffing  in  satirical  rhymes ;  Ht. 
Jay.  Lengg.  S.  kiydsan  :  to  chaff  in  satirical 
metaphors;  Sh.  Jub.  MaL,  16. 

Menyindir  :  to  chaff;  Ht.  Koris.  Menyindir- 
nyindir:  id.,  frequentative;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 


h 


Os>A^vw 


w 


t 


sSndSrong.     A  marine  mollusc  (unidentified). 

sandarmalam.     The  tuberose  ;   Kam.  Kech., 

9 ;  usually  stmdal  mala^n. 


sSndSreh.      (Kedah.)      Rubbing  or  scraping 
past  a  surface. 


sundus. 

63. 


Pers.     Brocade ;   Ht.   Md,   Hanaf., 


sandang.  Wearing  anything  in  a  band  over 
the  shoulder  and  round  under  the  arm  as  the 
cordon  of  an  order  of  knighthood  is  worn,  or 
as  a  plaid  or  shouldercloth  is  worn,  or  as  a 
gun  is  carried  slung  on  a  belt  which  passes 
over  the  shoulder  and  under  the  arm ;  any- 
thing worn  in  this  way,  Bersandang :  to  wear 
such  a  ribbon  or  scarf;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

Menyandang  :  to  wear  anything  in  the  way 
above  described,  e.  g.,  a  sword  (Sh.  Sri  Ben,, 
17)  or  a  keris  (Ht.  Abd.,  416)  or  a  gun  (Ht. 
Abd.,  107).  Menyandangkan  :  id.;  Ht.  Jay. 
Lengg.,  Ht.  Koris.  Persandangkan^  and  mem- 
persandangkan :  id. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya ;  Ht. 
Koris  ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  26. 

Sayap  sandang :  a  kind  of  cross-belt  for  a 
sword  ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  14.     Also  sawat  sandang. 


sanding. 

next. 


I.     Position  adjacent;  being  placed 


Bersanding  :  to  be  next  to  one  another,  used 
especially  of  the  bride  and  bridegroom  sitting 
next  to  one  another  in  full  dress  during  one 
portion  of  the  wedding  festivities  ;  Sh.  Peng., 
4,  21;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak,,  104.  Malatn  birsanding  : 
the  night  on  which  this  occurs  and  on  which 
guests  are  admitted  to  see  the  bride. 

Persaiidingkan,  and  mempersandingkan  :  to  set 
the  bride  and  bridegroom  next  one  another  ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  104,  154 ;  Sh.  Peng.,  23. 

II.  A  corner,  a  projection.  Batu  hitam 
ta' 'birsanding  :  a  black  stone  without  projec- 
tions ;  a  thing  difficult  to  deface  or  injure  ; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  91. 


sandong.  1.  StumbHng  against,  knocking 
against  with  one's  feet,  Tersandong  kaki- 
nya  kapada  tempat  ayer  pembasoh  kaki  tuwan 
puteri :  his  foot  knocked  up  against  the 
footbath  of  the  princess ;  Ht.  Sh,  Kub,,  169. 

-  Cf.  serandong, 

II.     Sandong  strong:  (Kedah)  the  name  of 
a  tree  said  to  resehible  the  saga. 


sSilddMg.  Fetters  for  a  buffalo  when  milked  ; 
stakes  to  shut  him  in  at  night.  S.  gajah : 
a  narrow  pen  for  an  elephant. 


52 


SENDENG 


[    414    ] 


s£ndi 


Sendeng  or  sinding.  Leaning  or  heeling 
over  to  one  side ;  laid  against  anything  at  an 
angle,  as  a  plate  or  anything  similar  when 
laid  up  against  the  wall.     Cf.  sBrendeng. 

Bersendengan  :  in  an  inclined  position ;  lying 
at  an  angle  against,  as  shields  resting  against 
a  wall ;  Ht.  Ind,  Meng. 

Tersendeng-sendeng  :  leaning  over  first  to  one 
side  and  then  to  another ;  swaying.  Tersendeng- 
sendeng  hagai  sepat  di-bawah  menghiwang : 
swaying  from  side  to  side  like  the  sepat  fish 
in  the  shade  of  the  screw  pine  ;  a  proverbial 
simile  used  to  ridicule  affected  grace  of 
motion;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  IIL,  27. 

SOndong.  Stooping  gait ;  walking  with  a 
stoop  forwards;  KL,  v.  d.  W.,  Pijn. 

SUndang.  A  broad  short  sword  with  a  full- 
si^ed  handle. 

S.  herlok :  the  same  with  a  wavy  blade. 


u-^JAko*    sindap.     An    eruption  of  large    black   spots 
on  the  skin. 


Sdndok.     A   spoon,     a    ladle.     Hanislah   di- 

sakal  'akaUmu  dengan  sendok  :  your  intellect 
wants  beating  up  with  a  spoon ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  28. 

Sipui  s.  :  a  shell,  patella  sp. 

Menyendok :  to  spoon  up,  to  eat  with  a 
spoon. 

Orang   Bangka   menggulai   babi, 
Orang  Siyam   menymdok-nya ; 

Yang  di'Sangka   tidak   menjadi 
Orang   diyam  pula   mendapat-nya : 

a  man  of  Bangka  curried  the  pig,  but  it  was 
a  Siamese  who  spooned  it  into  his  mouth  ; 
the  expected  did  not  happen  and  the  man 
who  stirred  not  was  the  man  who  got  it ; — 
fortune  often  comes  to  those  who  do  not 
seek  it  and  evades  those  who  do;  Prov.,  Sh. 
Peng.,  24. 

Tersendok  :  spooned  up.  Nasi  tersendok  tidak 
termakan  :  rice  that  enters  the  spoon  does  not 
always  enter  the  mouth ;  there  is  many  a 
slip  'twixt  the  cup  and  the  lip;  Prov.,  Sh. 
Raj.  Haji. 

sSndal.  I.  Fixing  by  filling  up  interstices  ; 
making  a  shaky  object  firm  by  filling  up  the 
loose  joints,  by  mortising,  etc. 

11.  Surreptitious  theft ;  theft  such  as  that 
committed  by  pickpockets. 

Sendalkan :  to  steal  surreptitiously.  Maka 
Utah  Betara  Majapahit  sendalkan  aku  keris  Tan 
Bija  Sura  itu  :  the  Prince  of  Majapahit  said  : 
quietly  steal  for  me  the  keris  of  Tan  Bija 
Sura;  Sej.  Mai.,  145. 

Kesendalan :  the  act  ojF  surreptitious  theft ;  its 
victim.  Kesendalan  aku  uleh  J  aw  a  ini :  I  have 
been  robbed  by  this  Javanese ;  Sej.  MaL,  146. 


J 


J 


J 


Sendel.     I.     Leaning    against ;     cf.    sendeng. 
Bersendel  bahu  :  shoulder  to  shoulder. 


J 


i^> 


j3^Ax. 


jj 


11.     (Kedah.) 
chillies. 


A   pestle  used  for  pounding 


bull 


or 


SOndoL     Lowering   the   head,    as   a 
wild  boar  about  to  charge. 

^  I  bar  at  laksana  lembu  dogol, 

Ta'-bnleh   tandok   choma   di-sondol  : 

like  a  hornless  bullock  which  cannot  hurt  you 
but  lowers  its  head  to  charge  all  the  same  ; 
a  man  of  empty  threats ;  Prov. 

Menyondol:  to  lower  the  head.  Ber4ari4ari 
datang  menyondol :  to  come  charging  with 
lowered  head ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

SUndaL  [Skr.  chandala,  a  degraded  outcast  ?] 
A  barefaced  prostitute ;  sunk  in  sexual  sin  ; 
shameless,  of  a  woman.  Hat  perempuwan 
sundal  bedebah  tiyada  tahti  main  :  you  shame- 
less and  accursed  woman,  you  who  know  not 
what  modesty  is ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  59. 
Stmdal  birah  keladi:  lascivious  as  though  you 
had  been  touched  with  the  leaves  of  the  birah 
keladi  (colocasia  antiqtwrnm)  ;  itchy ;  Sh.  Sri 
Ben.,  26. 

S.  gamit,  or  s.  menggamit :  a  name  for  love- 
grass  or  burrs. 

S.  ;;^a/am  :  the  tuberose,  polianthes  tnberosa; 
Sh.,  B.  A.  M.,  5.  Also  sandarmalam ;  Kam. 
Kech.,  9. 

sSndu.  Afflicted,  grave,  depressed,  sad. 
Sendu  lakn-nya :  a  melancholy  mien ;  Sh.  Panj. 
Sg.  Sendu-sendu  lakn-nya  :  id.,  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 
Menangis  tersendti-sendu :  to  sob  quietly ;  Ht. 
Sh.  Mard.  Bersendu  diri:  to  sadden  oneself, 
to  be  sad  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.      Cf.  sedu. 


Ax*«  sendochong. 

fled). 


A  freshwater    fish  (unidenti- 


sSndudok.  A  common  rhododendron-like 
shrub,  nielastoma  polyanthmn ;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri, 
29;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  13  ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb., 
5;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  in.,  105.  Also  called 
sekedndok,  and  kedudok. 


sindura.      [Hind. 
Minium,  red  lead. 


sindtlr,      from     Skr.  ?] 


oJCmiw    sondeh.     A    tree   producing    a   good   gutta; 
payena  leerii  :    J,  1.  A.,  I.,  259. 

^^Jc^  sfindi.  [Skr.  sandhi,]  A  muscle,  sinew  or 
joint  of  the  body ;  a  joint  or  hinge  generally. 
Uleh  deras  tumbok-nya  maka  terchabut4ah  sendi 
bahu-nya :  by  the  violence  of  his  blow  he 
put  his  shoulder  out  of  joint ;  Ht.  Abd.,   253. 

Bersendi :  with  a  sinew,  hinge,  or  mounting 
of.  Bersendikan :  id.  Bagai  tandok  bersendi 
gading:  like  horn  mounted  in  ivory;  like  a  bad 
picture  in  a  gorgeous  frame ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XL,  40.  BersMdikan  emas :  set  in  gold;  Ht. 
Ism.  Yat.,  118. 


Si^NDIRI 


[    415    ] 


su 


^_^ Jx**i    sSndiri.     Oneself ;  self.     See  dirt. 


iS^ 


Sfinang.  Comfort,  ease,  peace  of  mind, 
freedom  from  care  and  worry.  Tiyada  buleh 
senang,  sa-hari-hari  ada  pekerjaan :  no  peace 
was  possible,  I  had  to  work  every  day;  Ht. 
Abd.,  36.  Ini'lah  ketika  senang  menipu  diya  : 
this  is  a  time  when  it  will  be  easy  to  deceive 
him  ;    Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  23. 

Kesenangan :  comfort,  healthy  or  quiet 
feeling,  convalescence  after  sickness ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  10,  134,  163,  etc, 

Senonggang.     A  salt-water  fish  (unidentified). 


^IX^    sSnak.     Colic,  cramp  in  the  stomach,  griping 
pains  ;  Ht,  Mash.,  50,  51. 


r 


Senam.  I.  Bevsenam  :  to  stretch  oneself  on 
waking, — used  of  men  and  also  of  animals 
such  as  the  dog  or  the  tiger. 

n.  The  dark  colour  visible  when  plated 
ware  is  scratched ;  the  background  or  inside 
when  of  less  value  and  beauty  than  the  outer 
surface.  Nampak  senani :  the  inside  can  be 
seen ;  used  of  a  man  '^  showing  the  cloven 
hoof,"  or  showing  himself  "in  his  true 
colours."     Pro  v. 

Bintang   Uijoh   tinggal  enam, 
J  atoll  sa-biji   di-Majapahit ; 

Hilang  sepoh   nampak   senani, 
Beharii    ku   tahii    mas   ta'-baik : 

when  the  gloss  went  and  the  background  was 
seen  then  first  I  knew  how  bad  the  gold  was. 


CV^*M    senamaki.      The   senna;    cassia   angtistifolia, 
-  Better  sena  makki ;   see  s,  v.  sena. 


^vw.-.^    sSnantiyasa     or    sgngntiyasa.     Always, 
perpetually  ;  see  netiyasa,  from  Skr,  nityasha. 


ji 


>y*'**t 


Uoi^wMi 


senutaal  or  sennbul.  A  bird,  not  known  at 
the  present  time  but  mentioned  in  literature ; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  215. 

sSnonoh.  Becoming,  fitting,  suitable.  Sung- 
goh'pun  iya  raja  'a' lam  rupa-nya  tiyada  sBnonoh 
dan  budi-nya  pim  tiyada  senonoh  :  he  may  be 
lord  of  the  world  but  he  neither  looks  it  nor 
does  he  behave  as  befits  his  position  ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.  Ini-lah  perangai  tuwanku  tiyada  sa-kali 
senonoh :  this  behaviour,  my  lord,  is  most 
unbecoming;  Ht.  Koris. 


i^^Xui    s6nohong. 


A  salt-water  fish  (unidentified) 
Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  10. 


(J^y^  sSnuhun.  A  Javanese  royal  or  divine  title. 
Sang  s. :  id.  Siapa  semihtm  yang  birsuwara  ini  : 
who  is  the  monarch  whose  voice  this  is  ;  Ht. 
Sh. 


S§ni.  Distinct  in  tone,  of  the  voice  ;  clear,  of 
liquids ;  very  thin  and  fine  ;  delicate  of  texture 
or  size.  Berchelak  sent:  with  a  fine  line  of 
paint  on  the  eyebrow  (to  enhance  its  beauty)  ; 
Ht.  Perb.  Jaya ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng,  ;  Sh.  Put. 
Ak.,  15,  Puteri  yang  sent :  a  delicate  princess; 
Sh.  UL,  6.  Intan  yang  seni-seni :  fine  small 
diamonds ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. ;  Ht.  Koris.  Di-isi- 
nya  dengan  jaruni  yang  seni-seni  lagi  ber karat : 
they  loaded  it  (the  junk)  with  very  thin  rusty 
needles;  Sej.  MaL,  19. 


Ayer  s,  :  Wine  ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  2. 


^-u    SUnni.     Arab.     Sunnite;    belonging 
Sunnite  sect  of  Muhammadans. 


to    the 


C/^    S^neyin.      [Arab,  itJinain,]     The  second  day 
of  the  week ;  Monday.     Also  senayan. 


j^    sennyar.      The  tingling    feeling   in  the  arm 
*  caused  by  a  blow  on  the  '^  funny-bone.  " 


sSnnyor.  [Port,  sentwr,]  Sir ;  Mr.  ;  a  title 
given  to  Europeans  in  old  romances.  See 
sinyor. 


Sennyap.  I.  Simyi-sennyap :  very  lonely, 
lonesome,  solitary.  Tinggal4ah  negeri  Moka 
itn  sunyi-smnyap  :  the  city  of  Mocha  remained 
silent  and  deserted ;  Pel.  Abd.,  146.  Also 
Ht,  Sh.  Kub. 


H. 


Deep, — of  sleep  ;  =  lennyap,  Nantika^ 
orang  sudah  sennyap  tidor  :  waiting  till  peopl< 
had  gone  to  sleep  ;    Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 


<3t^    sSnnyak.     Sunyi'Sennyak  :  very  silent  or  lone- 
ly ;  a  variant  of  stmyi  sennyap.     See  sennyap. 


jgV«.»tf 


i^ 


sSnnyum.  SmiUng;  a  smile.  S.  raja:  a 
hypocritical  smile.  S.  simpid :  a  smile  accom- 
panied by  a  blush;  a  smile  at  one's  own 
expense;  Ht.  Abd.,  221 ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  106; 
Ht.  Si  Misk.,  16;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  8. 
Manis   lagi  sennyum-nya  tuwan, 

Membawa   berahi   mata   memandang ; 

sweet  is  your  smile,  inspiring  love  in  the  eyes 
that  see  it ;  Sh.,  B.  A.  M.,  4. 

Tersennyum  :  with  a  smile  on  the  face, 
smiling.  Masok4ah  dengan  tcrsennynm-sen' 
nyurn  :  he  entered  smiling  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  45. 

Sgnnyampang.     Just  when,  exactly  when. 


^^^    sau.     Onom.     A  rustling  sound  ;  the  sound  of 
■^      the  wind  blowing  through  foliage. 


jr* 


SU.  Youngest ;  short  for  bongsu.  Pa'  su : 
youngest  uncle ;  father's  youngest  brother ; 
=  hapa'  bongsu. 


SUWA 


[    4x6    ] 


SXJWIf 


BUWa.  Bringing  two  objects  close  to  one 
another;  moving  one  object  in  the  direction 
of  another ;  projecting  forward,  prominence. 
Bagai  anjing  di-suwa  antan :  like  a  dog  when 
you  poke  a  stick  in  his  direction  ;  a  prover- 
bial metaphor  for  growling  wrath ;  J.  S.  A.  S,, 
III.,  28. 

Bulu  s. :  the  feathers  on  the  neck  of  a  fight- 
ing cock  which  seem  to  swell  or  to  erect 
themselves  when  the  cock  gets  angry, 

Pagar  s,  :  a  fence  placed  between  two  buf- 
faloes to  make  them  angrier  by  their  inability 
to  get  at  each  other. 


SUWatu.  One  ; — from  Jav.  sa-watu ;  =  Malay 
sa-batu,  the  word  batti  being  used  as  a  numeral 
co-efficient.     Sa-suwatu:  each  one;  every  one. 


.\ 


iJT)y    SUWaji.     The  breech  of  a  flag. 


}y^ 


^Jy^ 


Lrlr* 


•\ 


SUWara.  [Skr.  swdra,]  Voice,  vocal  enun- 
ciation, Biduwan  yang  baik  suwara-nya :  a 
singer  with  a  good  voice.  A  da  pula  perkataan 
jikalau  di'kemskan  suwara  menjadi  lain  herti- 
nya  dan  jikalau  di-perlahankan  jadi  lain  herti- 
nya :  there  are  also  words  which  if  uttered 
with  emphasis  have  one  meaning  and  if 
uttered  softly  have  another  meaning;  Ht. 
Abd.,  50. 

Suwara  is  used  also  of  the  vocal  sounds 
made  by  animals  such  as  elephants  and 
horses  ;   Ht.  Koris. 


SUWaii.     I.     Burong  suwari :  the   cassowary. 
Also  kesuwari. 

II.     Banial  suwari :    a   cube-shaped    pillow 
used  at  the  berinai  feasts. 


SUWasa.  Gold  much  alloyed  with  copper; 
mixed  metal ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  40.  Tembaga  suwasa  : 
id.;  Sej.  Mai.,  28,  125. 


i^'j^    SUWangi.     An  evil  spirit ;  Kl. 


S\ 


y. 


3. 


lft-«* 


SUWaka.     [Skr.  sewaka,]     A  place  of  refuge,  \ 

a  lodging.     Orang  bersuwaka  :  poor  dependent  I 

relatives;    people     seeking    a    lodging    with  ^ 
others ;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  36. 


SUW&L  Arab.  Question,  interrogation,  en- 
quiry. S.  jawdb :  questions  and  answers ; 
dialogue;  Ht.  Abd.,  41.  Bersuwdl :  to  ques- 
tion, to  enquire;  Ht.  Abd.,  53;  Marsd. 
Gr.,  211. 

SUwala.    Jav.    Resistance,  opposition. 

SUWalap.     A  kind  of  boat ;  KL 

siwalan.     Jav.     The  fruit  of  the  lontar  palm. 


fj^j^  SUwami.  [Skr.  swdmi,]  Husband ;  wedded 
lord.  Bahwa  sa-hartis-nya-lah  barang  di-mana 
suwami-nya  di-situ4ah  isteri-nya :  verily,  it  is 
only  fitting  that  wheresoever  the  husband  is 
there  the  wife  should  also  be  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  280. 
This  word  is  a  more  dignified  or  refined  word 
than  the  commoner  word  **  laki,  "  which  also 
means  husband. 

Bersuwami :  to  have  a  husband  ;  to  be  mar- 
ried, of  a  woman.  Bala  h. :  the  misfortune  of 
being  married.  Belum  bersuwami:  still  un- 
married ;  Ht.  Abd.,  429. 

Bersuwarnikan  :  to  take  (a  husband),  to  marry 
(of  a  woman) ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  92,  96,  102. 
Persuivamikan :  id.  ;  ib.  pp.  61,  loi. 

C--uj^  SObat.  Friend;  a  corruption  of  the  Arabic 
sahdbat,  q.  v. 

snbor.  Rapid  and  healthy  growth,  of  plants. 
Tiyap'tiyap  pohun  itu  subor-subor  belaka  :  every 
plant  was  growing  healthily ;  Pel.  Abd.,  78. 
See  also  Ht.  Abd.,  487;  Pel.  Abd.,  14,  94. 


^J- 


gr- 


3. 


fj^ 


SUbang.  A  large  ear-stud,  worn  especially  by 
young  girls.  Maka  kata  dayang-dayang :  mari- 
lah  kita  bertaroh  siapa  alah  ambil  subang-nya : 
the  girls  say  :  come  let  us  have  a  wager,  let 
the  loser  have  her  ear-studs  taken ;  Cr.  Gr., 
50;  Ht,  Ism.  Yat.  Sunggoh  bersubang  tidak 
berdara  :  she  is  no  maiden  though  she  wears 
the  ear-studs  of  a  maiden  ; — a  proverbial  ex- 
pression used  as  a  reflection  on  a  girl's 
character;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II,,  144. 

S.   lontar :   ear-studs   in  scroll  pattern ;    Ht. 
Sh.,  Ht.  Sh,  Kub. 


Siptit  s. :  a  peculiar   scroll-like   shell ; 
riutn  trochlears 


sola- 


j^  A^    SObok.     Penyobok  :  a  thief  who  prowls   about 

at   night    on    the   look-out    for   facilities   for 
theft. 


\^j^    SUbek.     A   small   piece   picked  off,  a  nip  or 

pinch  of  anything;    the  process  of  taking  a 
nip  or  pinch.     Cf,  chubit. 


jyM  subal.  Coarseness,  roughness,  unsatisfactory 
character ;  (Kedah)  the  feeling  of  shame 
experienced  on  meeting  a  person  to  whom 
promises  have  been  made  and  not  kept. 
Pukat  s. :  a  peculiar  kind  of  netting,  with  a 
narrow  mesh  and  coarse  string. 


SUbam.      (Kedah.) 
metallic  lustre. 


Dull     or     dimmed,     of 


Cr^    suban.    A  splinter. 

wl^^    SUWat.     Whimsical;    uncertain    in   temper; 
capricious. 

w>^    SUWit.     Whistling.     Bersuwit :  to  whistle. 


SOTONG 


[    417    ] 


it)A^    SOtong.     Ikan  sotong  :  the  sepia  or  cuttle-fish ; 
^         Pel.  Abd.,  127. 


Crjr^ 


SUtan.     A   Sumatran   variant   of  the   Arabic 
sultan,  emperor  or  sultan. 


aSa-w    SUtoh.     [Arab.  ^  .]     A  flat  roof;  a  terrace 

on  the  roof  of  a  house.  Maka  sakaliyan-nya 
rumah-nmtah  itu  tiyada  bergenttng  semuwa-nya 
berstitoh:  all  the  houses  were  without  tiled 
roofs ;  they  had  terraces  on  the  roof;  Pel. 
Abd.,  144. 

T'Y^    SOJa  or  suja.     To  *'  kowtow,"  used  of  China- 
^^^^      men  kowtowing  to  an  idol,   or  to  a  fire ;   Sh. 

Sing,  Terb.,  22;  Sh.  K.  G.  T.,   17.     Tersoja- 

soja :  continuous  kowtowing. 

j*iWaM^  saujana.  [Skr. yojdm.]  Smijanamatameman' 
dang:  as  far  as  the  eye  can  see  (clearly), — 
used  as  a  rough  measure  of  length.  Saujana 
di-pandang  mata :  id.,  Sh.  May.,  17,  Padang 
saujana :  a  name  or  description  often  given 
to  extensive  plains;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  30.  In 
Kedah  :  so' -j ana. 

O-^A-w  sujut.  Bowing  or  prostration  in  prayer;  a 
corruption  of  the  Arabic  sujudy  q.  v. 


JTJ^ 


L^J-*' 


3^«%A# 


SUJi.  I.  Embroidery,  fancy  work.  Bersnji : 
embroidered ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  Ht.  Ind.  Meng., 
Ht.  Koris. 

II.     A  kind  of  yeast. 

SUChi.  [Skr.  shuchi.]  Cleanliness ;  the  state 
of  cleanliness ;  pure,  clean.  S.  hati :  a  pure 
heart,  a  heart  free  from  malice ;  Ht.  Abd.,  7. 

Menyuchi:  to  cleanse;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya,  Ht. 
Ind.  Nata.  Menyuchikan:  id.;  Ht.  Abd.,  370, 
382,  459.     Persuchi :  id. ;  Ht,  Mash.,  8. 

Mahasuchi:  the  All-Pure;  God;  Ht.  Raj. 
SuL,  4. 

SUda.  Sharp  pointed  bamboo  splinters  used 
as  caltrops.  Tombak  lembing  yang  rosak  binasa 
itu-pun  menjadi  suda  dan  ranjau  menikamkan 
kaki  tangan-nya  orang  yang  berkelahi  itu  :  the 
broken  pikes  and  spears  became  spikes  and 
caltrops  piercing  the  hands  and  feet  of  the 
combatants ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

j\:>j^   saudara   or   sudara.      [Skr.   sodara.]     A 

brother  or  sister ;  (by  extension)  an  intimate 
friend  whom  one  calls  brother  or  sister. 
Mengambil  akan  s. :  to  adopt  as  a  brother  or 
sister ;  to  decline  a  suit  for  marriage  or  break 
off  a  love-affair  in  a  friendly  way ;  also  menga- 
ku  adek-beradek,  S.  sa-jalan :  a  full  brother 
or  sister ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 

p\:>af^    saudagar.     Pers.     A  merchant,  a  wholesale 
^    ^^      trader;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  88  ;  Sh.  Bid.,  25. 


w)3 


SUdut.     A  corner,  an  out-of-the-way  nook  in 


-^      a  room  or  place ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg 


SUDI 


jJ»A.A-    sudor.     Sticking  out  horizontally, — of  plants 
which  stretch  over  running  water,  etc. 

5*3^    SUdang.     The  sheath  or  outer  wrapper  of  a 


C 


palm  blossom  ;  better  sHodang,  q.  v. 


uJ3j>^   sudap. 


A  weapon. 


w-3J>^    SUdip-     A  large  wooden  ladle  for  stirring  up 
rice.     It  resembles  a  paddle  in  shape. 
Anak  s. :  the  young  of  the  ikan  parang -parang. 

^J^J^  SOdok  or  SUduk.  Shovelling  up,  ladling  up ; 
a  shovel,  a  spade,  a  duck's  bill  (usually  si^iw  in 
this  last  sense).  Raga  s.  :  a  kind  of  creel  or 
basket  for  scooping  up  padi  and  placing  it  in 
a  tub  or  on  a  mat.  Di-tikam-nya  pula  dengan 
sodok-nya  :  they  dug  at  it  with  their  spades  ; 
Ht.Sh. 

^^yM  sudu.  A  ladle,  a  spoon,  the  bill  of  a  duck ; 
ladling  up,  spooning  up.  A  spoon  of  metal 
or  earthenware  is  chamckah ;  of  coconut  shell, 
sudu.  Ay  am  ta^-patok  itek  ta'-sudti :  a  thing 
that  fowls  will  not  peck  at  and  ducks  will  not 
spoon  up ;  a  thing  that  no  one  wants ;  a  very 
ugly  woman;  Prov.,  v.  J.  S,  A.  S.,  L,  90 ;  cf. 
also  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  56.  Korang  korang  bubor 
lebeh  lebeh  sudu :  the  less  broth,  the  more 
spoons ;  the  less  substance,  the  more  fuss ; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  74.  The  word  also 
occurs;  Sh.  Peng.,  11 ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  115; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng.;  Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

S.  itek :  the  bill  of  a  duck ;  the  upper  por- 
tion of  the  planking  to  which  a  Malay  rudder 
is  attached. 

S.  sudu :  the  pan  of  a  iirearm ;  a  plant, 
(euphorbia  nereifolia,  Pijn.). 

Siput  s. ;  a  shell,  haliotis  asinina. 

Siput  s-  bugis  :  a  shell,  haliotis  speciosa, 

Ttdang  s.  hati:  the  xiphoid  process.  Also 
tulang  ulu  hati,  and  ttdang  chaping. 

c^Of^    SUdah.     Completion,  accomplishment ;  done, 


•^^lAtf 


finished  ;  See  «>->---  ;  from  Skr.  vishuddha  ? 


iS^j^  SUdi.  L  Satisfied,  contented,  pleased,^ready  ; 
to  be  pleased,  to  like.  Jikalau  sudi:  if  you 
Hke;  Sh.  Nas.,  18  ;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  21  ;  Ht. 
I  nd .  J  ay  a .  Sega  la  yang  sudi  membacha  hihdyat- 
hi  ini:  all  who  care  to  read  this  book  of 
mine;  Ht.  Abd.,  7.  Sudi  is  often  used,  in 
metaphorical  expressions,  to  signify  that  the 
love  of  one  person  is  at  another*s  disposal  if 
that  other  cares  to  take  it ;  e.  g. : 
Kain   Bali  di-atas   balai 

Di-tiyup  angin   barat  day  a ; 
Jikalau  sudi   kakanda  pakai, 

Jika   tidak,   apakan   day  a : 
a  Bali  sarong  is  in  the  hall,   waving  in  the 
S.  W.  wind  ;  if  you  like  it  you  may  wear  it, 
if  you  care  not,  what  resource  is  left  me ;  Sh. 
Bur.  Nuri,  21. 


SdR 


[    418    ] 


SORAK 


Sudikan :  to  like,  to  care  for,  to  approve  of ; 
Sh.  Abd.  Mk,,  125. 

Puwan  di-surdi  tiikang   China^ 
A  wan   kerawang  tepi   bertebok ; 

Tuwan  sudikan  abang  yang  hina, 
Tuwan   sa-orang  hati-ku   mabok : 

you  have  been  pleased  w^ith  my  love,  hov^ever 
humble,  and  for  you  alone  is  my  heart  in- 
flamed with  love ;  Sh,  Pant.  ShL,  10. 

IL     [Skr.  slmchi.]     Cleanliness,   purity;  = 
suchi,  q.  V. 

jj^    BUT,     Hind.     A  pig,  as  a  term  of  abuse. 


jj^  sura.  I.  [Skr.  sura  or  swara.]  Hero,  God. 
*Aib  juga  nama-ku  di-sebut  orang  bersura-sura 
dengan  laki-laki :  my  name  will  be  used  as  a 
term  of  disgrace  among  all  who  are  heroes 
and  true  men ;   Ht.  Sli.  Kub. 

n.     Bulan   sura :   a  popular    name    for   the 
month  Muharram. 


)y^    SUWar.     A  fire-signal,  a  torch  or  lantern  used 
at  night  to  convey  a  message. 


jy^ 


SUWir.  Lang  suwir :  the  ''ghost"  of  a 
woman  who  has  died  pregnant,  the  child 
remaining  unborn.  The  shadow  of  such  a 
woman  is  believed  to  become  the  larig  suwir. 


Jjj^    SUrat.      [Arab. 


Bjy^  .]       A 

a    letter. 


writing,    a    letter. 

Sa-p^ichok  s. :  a  letter.  Sa-keping  s. :  id. 
hi  s.  ;  the  contents  of  a  letter  or  document. 
Muka  s.  :  the  written  page ;  the  side  of  the 
sheet  which  is  covered  with  writing.  Mem- 
balas  s.  :  to  reply  to  a  letter,  to  send  a  letter 
in  reply.  Membacha  5.  ;  to  read  a  document ; 
to  read  the  written  character. 

S.  kiriman  :  a  letter,  an  epistle  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  46. 

S.  lelong :  an  order  to  sell  by  auction ;  Ht, 
Abd.,  278. 

S.  menegah :  a  patent. 

S.  mijum  :  a  written  horoscope;  Ht.  Mash.,  5. 

S.  pelekat :  a  poster,  a  placard ;  Ht.  Abd.,  194. 

S.  seinbah :  a  letter  of  submission  or 
allegiance;  Sej.  Mai.,  108. 

S.  tanda  tangan :  a  signed  document,  usually 
an  I.  O.  U.;  Ht.  Abd.,  46,  S.  tanda  tangan 
orang  bcrhutang  piyutang :  a  promissory  note ; 
ani.  O.  U.;  Ht.  Abd.,  278. 

Suratu  'I'ikhlds :  '*  a  writing  in  sincerity,'' 
a  common  exordium  to  a  letter;  also  the 
name  of  a  text  of  the  Koran ;  Muj.,  14. 

S.  wakU :  a  power  of  attorney ;  Ht.  Abd.,  46. 

S.  wasiyat :  a  will ;  Ht.  Abd.,  46. 

Suratan:  style  of  writing,  form  of  letters; 
Ht.  Abd.,  238. 

Suratkan  :  to  cause  to  be  written  ;  Sej.  Mai., 
7 ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  45.  Minyuratkan :  id. ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 


j^^ 


t>J^ 


t>^ 


ajjr^ 


Menyurat :  to  write,  to  know  how  to  write  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  45,  484. 

Tersurat :  written;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  25. 


or   ebbing   of    the   tide. 


SUrut.  The  falling 
Ayer  s. :  the  ebb-tide.  Ayer  pun  ada  pasang 
surut :  even  the  sea  has  its  tides ;  even  water 
has  its  ebb  and  flow ;  everything  is  subject  to 
change;  Prov. 

Surutkan  :  to  cause  to  ebb,  to  make  the  sea 
ebb  ;   Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 


sorang.    A 

orans: :  one, 


colloquial 
one  man. 


abbreviation    of    sa- 


Kesorangan :  loneliness. 


See  orang. 


SOrong.  Pushing  forward  under,  shoving 
forward  under ;  (by  metaphor)  a  bribe. 
Datang  pasang  disorong  tdeh  pasang ,  dan  surut 
di'bawa  surut :  when  the  tide  flowed  in,  he 
was  pushed  along  by  it ;  and  when  the  tide 
ebbed  out  he  w^as  drawn  along  by  it ;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah.  Saperti  gergaji  duwa  mata,  tarck 
makan  sorong  makan  :  like  a  double-edged 
saw,  it  bites  when  pushed  from  you,  it  bites 
when  drawn  towards  you ;  of  a  treacherous 
tongue;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  H.,  139.  Tahan 
jenit  sorong  kepala  :  to  set  a  noose-trap  and 
shove  one's  head  into  it;  to  be  hoist  with 
one's  own  petard ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV., 
I o I .  Hidong  ta' -manchong  pipi  tersorong -sorong  : 
the  nose  is  not  sharp-cut,  yet  the  cheeks  go 
pressing  it  forward ; — used  of  the  courtship  of 
an  unwilling  lover  by  a  forward  woman ;  Prov. 
Rashwah  dan  sorong  jangan  di4erima :  do  not 
accept  gratuities  and  bribes;  Sh.  Nas,,  5. 

Sorong  dayong :  (i)  backing  water,  pressing 
the  oar  away  from  one ;  (2)  the  name  of  a  well 
known  Malay  tune. 

Sorongkan  :  to  shove  forward  under  some- 
thing else, — used  of  a  man  passing  a  tray  of 
betel-nut  to  another,  or  of  launching  a  boat 
by  pressure  from  below  ;  Sh.  Bid.,  18  ;  Sh. 
Sri  Ben.,  13.  Menyorong :  id.;  Sej.  Mai., 
58;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  32.  Menyorongkan :  id.; 
Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  41,  91;  Sh.  Bid.,  116;  Sh. 
Bur.  Nuri,  23;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  18;  Sh.  Sing. 
Terb.,  30,  etc.  Sorongkan  is  also  used 
(Selangor)  of  alloying  metal. 


loud    cries    of 

word    is   used 
army,  but 


SOrak.     Shouting,     cheering, 

triumph  or  pleasure.  The 
especially  of  the  cheers  of  an  army,  but  is 
appHed  (Bint.  Tim.,  13  March,  1895)  to  the 
delighted  shouts  of  a  crowd  at  a  football 
match  on  seeing  a  man  knocked  head  over 
heels.  Biyar  alah  sabong  asal  menang  sorak  : 
never  mind  being  beaten  in  the  fight  if  you 
win  in  crowing  over  it ;  never  mind  a  defeat 
if  you  reap  the  consequences  of  victory  ; 
Prov.,  see  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI.,  26. 

Soraki :  to  cheer  (  a  person ) ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
Sorakkan :  id.  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Bersorak :  to  cheer,  to  raise  a  cheer ;  Ht. 
Abd,,  205,  385,  400;  used  also  of  the  shout- 
ing of  beaters  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  73. 


SOROK 


[    419    ] 


SUSOR 


fJUJ^  SOrok.  Concealment  by  creeping  or  with- 
drawal under  anything.  Harimau  menyorokkan 
kuku :  a  tiger  drawing  in  its  claws  ;  a  variant 
of  the  proverb  harimau  menyembunyikan  kuku  ; 
see  s.  V.  sembunyi,  Sudah  sembtmyi  jangan 
di'Sorok  :  when  you  are  hidden  from  sight  do 
not  go  creeping  further  in  ( or  the  movement 
of  the  vegetation  may  betray  you ) ;  be  content 
with  what  is  sufficient ;  Prov. 

Sorok'Sorok :  (Riau,  Johor)  an  insect  (un- 
identified )  which  is  very  destructive  to  padi ; 
( Kedah )  sesorok. 


A' 


L.13^  SUWarga.  [Skr.  swarga.]  Heaven,  the  abode 
of  the  Gods ;  used  of  the  Muhammadan  heaven 
as  well  as  of  the  heaven  of  Indra ;  Ht.  KaL 
Dam.,  380.     More  commonly  shurga, 

iS^JJ-*^  SUralaya.  [Skr.  sura-ldya.']  The  abode  of 
the  Gods ;  the  divine  home  on  the  sacred 
mountain  Mahameru,  the  Sanskrit  Olympus. 


py-^ 


SUram.  Darkness,  gloom,  cloudiness;  the 
obscuring  of  the  sun  or  of  the  countenance. 
Suram-lah  chehaya  matahari :  the  brightness 
of  the  sun  was  clouded  over ;  Ht.  Koris,  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub.  ParaS'Uya  suram  :  her  beauty  was 
clouded  over;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  17.  Wajah-nya 
tiyada-lah  suram  :  a  face  unclouded ;  a  sunny 
face;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  58. 


tjjj-^    Stirin.     A  plant  (unidentified). 


AiT' 


SUrau.  I.  A  small  private  chapel  or  votive 
shrine  (  Muhammadan ) ;  a  private  mosque  in 
contradistinction  to  a  mosque  of  public 
assembly;  Sh.  UL,  27;  Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  30. 
In  Penang,  the  term  bandarsah  is  applied  to 
these  private  chapels ;  surau  is  used  in 
Singapore  and  Malacca. 

n.     The  name   ascribed  by  tradition  to  the 
maker  of  the  keris  pichit.     See  keris. 


©2^    surah.     Arab.     One  of  the   114  subdivisions 
of  the  Koran  ;  Muj.,  5. 


Oj^ 


SUroh.     Commanding,  ordering,  bidding  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  23,  93. 

Surohan :  an  order,  a  command.  Dengan 
surohan  raja  :  by  command  of  the  prince  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  199.  Saperti  surohan  bapa-ku  :  in  accord- 
ance with  my  father's  orders ;  Ht.  Abd.,  32. 
Surohan  is  also  used  of  the  man  commanded. 
Suroh'Surohan :  messengers;  Sej.  MaL,  87. 

Surohkan:  to  order,  to  instruct;  Ht.  Abd.,  4, 
94,  105,  etc.  Menyuroh :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  63, 
82.  MSnyiirohkan :  id.;  Ht.  Abd.,  11,  34,  82, 
etc. 

Penyuroh :  a  man  commanded  ;  a  messenger ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  333;  Ht.  Mash.,  42.  Pesuroh:  id. ; 
Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  10. 


iSjJr^ 


iSjjr^ 


^JT^ 


sore.  Jav.  Evening.  Sore ya^ni pe tang :  sore^ 
that  is  to  say  evening;  Muj.,  47.  Pagi  sore : 
morning  and  evening;  Kam.  Kech.,  3.  Pagi 
daft  sore:  id.;  Sh.  Ch.  Ber.,  5.  Bersore : 
benighted,  overtaken  by  evening;  Ht.  Sri 
Rama  (Maxw.),  71. 

sural.  The  combing  or  dressing  of  the  hair  by 
the  use  of  the  hands ;  the  separation  of  com- 
batants in  a  battle  ;  (by  extension)  the  hair  of 
a  prince.  Orangyang  beperang  itu-pun  kelihatan- 
lah  ber  sural  dan  berundor-lah  masing-masing : 
the  lighting  men  were  seen  to  separate  and  to 
withdraw  each  to  his  own  side;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 
Menguraikan  rambut,  sedang  bersurai :  to  dress 
the  hair  while  passing  the  fingers  through  it; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Surai-nya  elok:  with  fine  hair; 
Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  8.  Sa-genap  sural  di-ulu: 
every  hair  on  your  head;  Ht.  Koris. 

Cf.  urai, 

suri.  [Skr.  parameshwari,]  A  queen  ;  royal ; 
an  abbreviation  of  permaisuri,  Rama  aji  ihu 
surl :  royal  father  and  queenly  mother  ;  Ht. 
Sh. ;  Ht.  Meis  Ed.  Paduka  surl :  the  Queen ; 
Ht.  Mas  Ed.  The  word  also  occurs:  Sh, 
Bid.,  91 ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  65,  92 ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk., 
21 ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. ;  Ht.  Best. 

SUriyan.     (In  Netherlands  India.)     Sergeant. 

SUSUt.  Reduction,  diminution,  decrease, 
thinning  down.  Tuboh  baginda  susut :  the 
king  became  thinner ;  Ht.  Koris.  Btdu-nya 
tiyada  susut  barang  suwatu  :  its  hair  was  in  no 
way  thinned  down  ;  it  had  as  much  fur  as 
ever ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard.  Makanan  tiyada  juga 
sustit :  the  food  remained  undiminished  in 
quantity ;  Ht.  Best. 


SUWasti.     [Skr.  swasii,^^ 
blessins:. 


Fortune,  prosperity, 


SUSOr.  The  outer  edge  or  border  or  skirts  of 
anything;  to  skirt,  to  move  along  (but  outside) 
the  confines.  Dl-susor  rumah  :  (standing)  by 
the  house  ;  Sh.  Bid.,  60.  Susor  pantai :  a  fish 
(unidentified) ;  the  edge  of  the  beach ;  the 
brink  of  the  sea ;  Sh.  Ch.  Ber.,  5.  Susor 
daratan :  id.,  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Susor  tellnga: 
the  edge  of  the  ear,  the  side  of  the  ear ;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah.  Susor  kota  :  the  limits  or  confines 
of  a  fort;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  In  all  these  cases 
susor  refers  to  the  outer  side ;  cf.  selisir* 

S.  geral:  the  lower  counterpane  or  coverlet 
on  a  bridal  bed. 

5.  tllam :  the  outer  coverlet  on  a  bridal  bed, 

Susoran  tangga  :  a  balustrade. 

Menyusor :  to  skirt,  to  move  just  outside  any- 
thing. M.  pantai :  to  coast,  to  skirt  the  shore 
(used  of  a  boat);  Ht.  Ind.  Nata,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
M.  daratan:  id.,  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Susor  men- 
yusor :  to  keep  hugging  the  shore,  of  a  boat. 
Ular  menyusor  akar :  a  snake  creeping  round 
(or  under)  a  liana ;  a  great  man  taking  up  a 
position  of  humility  but  not  thereby  losing  his 
power  to  injure;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  79. 


St^SANa 


[  420  ] 


SUSAH 


JU>MMi 


m^am 


susang. 

sails. 


A    cross-tree    used    in   furling  the 


o^y^ 


y 


.j^ 


cnx^ 


SUSOng.  Dashing  against  anything ;  a  variant 
of  song'Softg,  q.  v. 

SUSiip.  Position  under,  or  placing  under, — 
used  of  a  man  putting  a  leveir  under  a  heavy 
mass  so  as  to  lift  it  up  slightly  or  of  a 
splinter  under  the  finger  nail  or  of  any  foreign 
body  which  has  got  wedged  in  under  another. 
Kalaii  di-bawah  melompat,  kalau  di-atas  susup  : 
if  below,  to  jump  over  it ;  if  above,  to  creep 
under  it. 

Sttsup  sasap :  sprawling  about ; — used  of  a 
man  running  away  in  a  great  fright  and  not 
paying  any  attention  to  where  or  how  he  is 
going;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  21,  61.  Stisup  hmip  : 
id.,  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

Snsupkan,  and  menyusupkan :  to  lower,  to 
place  down  or  under.  Susiipkan  pedang  kada- 
lam  Imian:  to  hide  a  sword  in  the  jungle; 
Ht.  Best.  Menyusupkan  kepala-nya  ka-bumi 
dan  kaki-nya  ka-atas :  to  stoop  till  his  head 
touches  the  ground  and  his  heels  are  above 
it ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

SUSOk.  L  Driving  a  pointed  thing  into  any 
surface  ;  piercing,  stabbing,  Sakit  menyusok- 
nyusok  :  piercing  pains  in  the  bod5^  Usually 
cJmchok. 

II.  Clearing  jungle  for  the  first  time; 
opening  up  a  new  country;  founding  a  city; 
leading  the  way.  Bahuwa  negeri  Kashmir  mi 
di'Susok  uleh  sa-orang  raja  :  this  city  of  Cash- 
mere was  founded  by  a  prince ;  Ht.  Isk. 
Dz.  Menytisok  negeri:  to  found  a  city;  Ht. 
Isk.  Dz. 

III.  Manner,  bearing,  behaviour,  mien, 
character.    Susok  jijak  :  id.;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  17. 

IV.  A  loop,  a  buttonhole, 

SUSUl.  L  Following  up;  running  up  be- 
hind; pursuing;  Sh.  Lanrlp.,  46. 

II.  (Kedah.)  Stiff;  difficult  to  plane,  of 
wood ;  difficult  to  comb,  of  the  hair. 

SUSUn.  I.  Laying  in  sets  or  piles,  one  above 
the  other;  arrangement  in  rows,  one  above 
the  other ;  arrangement .  in  layers.  Berantai 
sustm :  with  a  necklace  of  several  strings,  one 
above  the  other  and  not  interlaced  ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Nat  a. 

B^rsusun  :  in  layers,  in  a  pile;  arranged  in 
layers  or  strata.  Ramai  birsusun  :  crowding 
in  rows;  crowding  one  over  the  other;  Sh. 
Sri  Ben.,  34.  Mati-nya  bersmun-susun :  their 
dead  lay  in  piles ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Menyusun :  to  put  one  over  the  other ;  to 
arrange  in  layers.  Menyusun  jari  :  to  set  the 
fingers  oiife  above  the  other  (jo  the  sBmbah  or 
sign  of  homage) ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  8 ;  Sh.  Sg. 
Ranch.,  35. 


4.AM^«iiM 


AMAiKliM 


Tersusun :  heaped  one  over  the  other,  as 
pillows  and  mattrasses  on  a  bed ;  Sh.  Peng.,  4. 

II.  Susunan:  (an  abbreviation  of  the 
Javanese  susuhunan)  a  Sultan  or  Emperor, 
a  great  native  ruler.  The  word  occurs  often 
in  pantuns  as  a  term  of  affection  for  a  lover 
or  mistress.     Dewa  susunan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

SUSU.  The  breast  of  a  human  being;  milk 
(but  ayer  susu  is  more  correct  in  this  latter 
sense).  Di-beri-nya  sjisu :  she  gave  the  child 
her  breast;  Ht.  Abd.,  15,  386.  Sebab  nila  sa- 
titek  rosak  susu  sa-belanga  :  a  saucepan  of  milk 
is  spoiled  by  a  drop  of  indigo ;  a  few  minutes' 
mischief  may  undo  a  world  of  good;  Prov., 
Ht.  Abd.,  132.  Saperii  susu  dengan  shakar  : 
like  milk  and  sugar  (blending  excellently) ; 
Prov. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  96 ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 

S.  bundar :  firm  hemispherical  breasts 
(admired  by  Malays) ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

S.  lanjtit :  pendulous   breasts.     S.  kopek  :  id. 

S.  rimau :  the  sclerotium  or  resting  stage  of 
a  fungus,  leniinus  sp. 

Akar  5.  puteri :  a  plant,  ficus  sp. 

Ayer  s :  milk. 

Dapor  s. :  the  outer  portion  of  the  breast ; 
that  part  of  it  which  is  not  included  in  the 
nipple  or  in  the  dark  ring  round  it. 

Hujong  s. :  the  nipple  generally;  the  ** extremi- 
ty of  the  breast." 

Puting  s, :  the  nipple  proper. 

Tampok  s. ;  the  nipple  and  the  dark  ring 
round  it. 

Susuwan :  connection  by  nursing ;  foster- 
brotherhood  or  sisterhood.  Anak  s. :  a  foster- 
child.  Sudara  s,  :  a  foster-brother  or  sister ; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  421. 

Susuwi :  to  suckle ;  to  nurse  at  the  breast ; 
Sh.  Bid.,  5;  Hay.  Haiw,  Susukau  :  id. ;  Sh.  Sri 
Ben.,  14;  Sh,  Abd.  Mk.,  78.  Anak  di-pangku 
di4etakkan,  berok  di-hutan  di-susukan :  she  sets 
down  the  child  in  her  lap  in  order  to  suckle  a 
baboon  from  the  jungle  ; — used  to  describe  a 
person  who  does  not  realize  that  charity 
begins  at  home  ;  Prov. 

Menyusu :  to  be  suckled ;  to  feed  at  the 
breast,  of  a  child ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg ;  Ht.  Koris. 

SUSah.  Trouble,  uneasiness,  difficulty,  labour, 
disquietude,  anxiety.  Supaya  tiyada  aku  susah 
belajar :  so  that  I  might  not  be  put  to  the 
trouble  of  studying ;  Ht.  Abd.,  22.  Susah 
membetulkan  lidah  :  it  was  difficult  to  keep 
his  tongue  right  (to  correct  his  pronunciation); 
Ht.  Abd.,  147. 

S.  hatt :  mental  trouble,  worry,  disquietude, 
sorrow. 

Susahkan :  to  vex,  to  annoy,  to  put  to 
trouble ;  tit.  Abd.,  22,  42,  285,  288 ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya.     Menyusahkan  :  id.,  Ht.  Abd.,  23. 

Kesusahan :  trouble,  affliction.  Mendatang- 
kan  k, :  to  cause  trouble^  to  bring  on  trouble ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  329.  Mttpanggong  k. :  to  bear 
troubles,  to  be  afflicted ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  6. 


SUSOH 


[    421    ] 


SUKA 


<^j^  SUSOh.  A  projecting  spur  or  point;  the 
(natural)  spur  of  a  fighting-cock;  the  bowsprit 
of  a  ship. 

^^  SUWang.  I.  Light,  easy;  facility.  Tali 
yang  tiga  lembar  itu  ta'-suwang-suwang  putus  : 
a  rope  of  three  strands  is  not  easily  broken  ; 
union  is  strength;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  45. 

IL     (Kedah.)     The   saddle  joining  an  out- 
lying mountain  with  the  main  range. 


C^Pj-w  SUngut.  L  Murmuring,  growhng,  grum- 
bhng;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya,  Ht.  Best.,  Ht.  Abd., 
38. 

Berstmgtit :  to  grumble,  to  complain ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  175,  258,337;  Ht.  Sh.;  Sh.  Bid.,  61. 
Sh.  Pr.  Turk.,  10. 

H,  Whiskers,  antennae,  the  long  hairs  or 
feelers  near  the  nostrils  of  some  animals. 


j^^   songar  or    siingar. 
dress  or  manner. 


Jav.      Affectation     in 


J^J'^  SOngel  or  sungil.  Sticking  out,  projecting, 
—as  the  cheek  when  a  quid  of  tobacco  is  in 
the  mouth. 

^A-w-    sungU.     Jav.     Horn.     Strngti  kenchana :  horns 
of  gold  ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 


Sr^ 


SUngai.  A  river ;  a  flowing  stream  of  some 
size.  Afiak  s. :  a  streamlet.  Sa-herang  s.  ; 
the  other  side  of  the  river.  Pergi  ka-strngai  : 
a  polite  way  of  saying  that  a  person  is  obey- 
ing a  call  of  nature;  Ht.  Hamz.,  2. 


g^^    SOfi   or   sufi.     'Ilmu  sofi :  Sufiism ;   a  Persian 
school  of  mysticism. 


•9am«^ 


SUWap.  A  mouthful ;  as  much  as  the  mouth 
will  contain;  the  act  of  one  person  filling 
the  mouth  of  another ;  carrying  to  another's 
mouth  the  titbits  from  one's  own  plate, — a 
native  form  of  compliment ;  feeding  a  child  ; 
(by  extension)  a  bribe.  Sa-stiwap  dtma :  a 
mouthful  or  two ;  Sh.  UL,  5.  Malm-kah  engkau 
makan  nasi  barang  sa-suwap :  will  you  take  a 
little  food  ;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.  Memakan  stiwap  : 
to  take  bribes;  Ht.  Abd.,  291.  Muhit  di- 
stiwap  pisangj  dan  pantat  di-kait  onak :  to  put 
a  banana  into  a  man's  mouth  while  pricking 
him  behind  with  a  thorn  ;  to  do  a  man  a  bad 
turn  under  cover  of  a  good  one;  Prbv.,  Ht. 
Abd.,  255.  Muhit  di'Stiwap  ptsang^  bunttit  di- 
jangkit  dim :  id. 

Suwapkan:  to  put  (food)  into  a  man's 
mouth ;  Ht.  Abd.,  386. 

Berstmap'Suwapan :  exchanging  titbits  of 
food  ;  feeding  each  other,— of  Malay  lovers ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  104;  Sh.  Peng.,  4;  Sh.  Put. 
Ak.,  16. 

Menytiwapi :  to  feed  (a  person) ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Nata;  Ht.  Koris. 


{^J^    SOpak.      Skin    disease,    psoriasis;    a    disease 

specially  affecting  the  hands  and  feet  and 
destroying  their  colour ;  Hay.  Haiw.,  Ht. 
Best. 


O^T^ 


^j^ 


SOpan.  Respectful  self-contained  demeanour; 
modesty  combined  with  dignity.  Tiyada 
hamba  peduli  dan  sopan  akan  raksasa  :  I  neither 
trouble  myself  about  that  evil  spirit  nor  have 
I  the  least  respect  for  him ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
Laku-nya  s.  :  modest  in  demeanour  (of  a 
lady);  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  27. 

Tertib  dan  sopan :  respectful  and  modest 
demeanour;  Ht.  Abd.,  95.  Malu  dan  sopan: 
id.;  Ht.  Abd.,  325.  Sopan  dan  malu:  id.; 
Marsd.  Gr.,  211.  Sopan  santun  :  modest  and 
dignified;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P.; 
Ht.  Isk.  Dz. ;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  48. 

SOpoh.  Menyopoh  :  to  carry  pick-a-back  ;  to 
carry  (a  person)  astride  on  one's  back. 


ijy^    SOpi.     Ayer  sopi :  liqueur. 

iyj,  SUpai.  [Pers.  and  Hind,  sipdhi.] 
a  soldier  of  a  modern  army ;  Ht. 
Also  sipahi. 


ar^ 


\^  y*M 


A  sepoy ; 
Abd.,  40. 


SUWak.  An  indentation,  a  slight  hollow  ;  the 
parting  of  the  hair. 

SUka.  L  [Skr.  sukha.]  Liking,  pleasure, 
enjoyment,  satisfaction,  pleasurable  sensation. 
S.hati:  id,  S.  chita  :  joy,  delight.  S,  raya 
or  s.  riya :  uproarious  delight.  S.  ridld : 
consent.  S.  hati  tuwan :  as  you  please,  Sir. 
Suka  di-mtilut,  marah  di-hati :  pleasure  on  the 
lips,  anger  in  the  heart;  Sh.  UL,  33. 

Snkai :  to  take  pleasure  in,  to  like,  to  take  a 
fancy  to,  to  love.  Sukakan :  id.  Di'Snka'i' 
nya  perkataan  rengkas :  he  liked  brevity  in 
speech ;  Ht.  Abd.,  337.  Ini-lah  pMmptman 
yang  kakanda  suka'i :  this  is  the  woman  I 
love ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya,  see  also  Ht.  Abd.,  410. 
Tiyada  di -sukakan  ray  at  sHiseh :  he  did  not 
like  quarrels  among  the  people ;  Sh.  Peng.,  25. 

Bersuka :  to  feel  pleasure ;  better  birsuka 
hati,  Bersuka  riya:  to  enjoy  themselves,  of 
a  party.  Bersuka-snkaan :  to  take  part  in 
enjoyments. 

Kesnkaan  :  pleasure,  enjoyment,  will.  Gen- 
dang  k. :  the  joy-gong;  the  gong  beaten  on 
festive  occasions.  Khabar  k. :  joyful  news. 
lya  hendak  mengetahuwi  apa-apa  khukaan 
orang  Melayu :  he  wished  to  find  out  what 
the  Malays  liked;   Ht.  Abd,,  95. 

Menyukakan  hati :  to  gladden  ;  to  enjoy  one- 
self; Ht.  Abd.,  458,  459;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.; 
Bint.  Tim.,  8  January,  1895;  Sh.  Kumb. 
Chumb.,  II. 

Perstikaan :  joy,  pleasure,  enjoyment ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  99. 

H.  Jav.  Menyukakan  :  to  give ;  =  memberi- 
kan. 


53 


SUKAT 


[    422    ] 


SUQI 


%zS  ^ 


?r^ 


fj^ 


Stlkat.  L  The  measurement  of  substance; 
the  calculation  of  area  or  capacity.  Orang 
sukat  tanah :  a  land-surveyor.  Sukatan  dan 
timbangan:  measures  and  weight;  Ht.  Abd., 
484. 

Bh'suhat  darah  :  to  measure  the  exact  amount 
of  a  person's  blood  ;  to  kill.  Bersukat  darah- 
lah  beharu  ku  beri :  you  must  spill  my  blood 
to  the  very  last  drop  before  I  give  it. 

Kalau   bagini  hati  ma'-inang, 
Bersuhat  darah-lah  beharu   ku  senang: 

shall 
your 


if  such  are  your  feelings,  my  duenna,  I 
never  feel  at  ease  till  the  last  drop  of 
blood  has  been  spilt ;  Ht.  Koris. 


II.  Provided  that,  supposing  that,  if.  Maka 
sukat  orang  yang  bertuwah-lah  maka  buleh 
mendapai  behagya  itu :  if  he  is  fortunate  he 
may  obtain  that  blessing ;  Ht.  Abd.,  486. 
Maka  sukat  patek  ambil  suwami-nya  maka  puwas 
rasa  hati  patek  :  if  I  could  deprive  her  of  her 
husband  I  should  feel  satisfied  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Lipat   kain,   lipat   baju, 

Mart   ku  lipat  di-dalam  puwan ; 
Sukat  ayer  menjadi   batu 

Beharu  sehaya  hipakan   ttiwan  : 

when  water  turns  to  stone,  then  only   shall 
I  forget  you. 

SUkar.  Difficult ;  hard  to  obtain  or  effect ; 
arduous.  Mahal  di-beli  sukar  di-chari ;  dear 
to  buy  and  troublesome  to  obtain  ;  Ht.  Abd., 
132.  Sukar 'lah  beruleh  diya  :  it  is  difficult  to 
get;  Ht.  Gni.  Bak.,  5.  Penyakit  terlalu sukar : 
a  very  troublesome  illness  ;  a  disease  which  it 
is  very  difficult  to  cure  ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 

Kesiikaran ;  difficulty,  arduous  character ; 
obstinate  character  (of  illness)  ;  financial 
straits;  Muj.,  39;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  6. 


SUkor  or  sukur.     [Arab,  shukur.]     Thanks  ; 
the  expression  of  gratitude;  see^^  . 


Sokong.  1.  Propping  up,  buttressing; 
sustaining,  supporting.  Sokong  membawa 
rebah :  the  prop  brings  about  the  fall  of  the 
house  ;  the  trusted  one  is  the  one  who  often 
betrays ;  Prov.  Yang  tBgah  di-sokong,  yang 
ribah  di4indeh :  what  is  firm  is  propped  up, 
what  is  fallen  is  pressed  down  ;  money  begets 
money ;  to  him  that  hath,  to  him  shall  be 
given ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A»  S.,  IIL,  41. 


Layar  s.  ;  a  stay-sail. 


11.     Smearing 
Better  sukum. 


or     blackening     the    face. 


sokom  or  sukum.  Smearing  the  face  with 
paint  or  colouring.  "^Sukumkan  ka-muka  mayat 
kMuwa  :  to  smear  over  the  faces  of  the  two 
dead  bodies ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


c^ 


fr 


S 


I 


'J-" 


Sr 


Applied  to  the  colour  of  a  dog,  the  word 
means  clouded  white  or  clouded  yellow. 
This  term  is  applied,  as  a  sort  of  descriptive 
name,  to  the  dogs  of  the  Phantom  Hunter  of 
the  Malay  jungles ;  J.  I.  A.,  I.,  307. 

The  word  is  also  used  of  a  sort  of  muzzle  or 
forked  stick  used  to  prevent  young  buffaloes 
from  taking  suck. 


'Y**    SUkun.     The   bread   fruit, 
Sh.  K.  G.  T.,  4. 


artocarpus  incisa 


suku.  A  leg  or  limb ;  a  quarter,  a  section,  a 
tribe,  Orang  impat  suku :  heads  of  the  four 
tribes ;  Ht.  Abd.,  395.  Orang  laut  suku-nya 
Gelam  :  an  Orang  Laut  of  the  **  Glam"  tribe  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  201.  Kita  sakaliyan  suku  laki4aki  : 
we  all  who  belong  to  the  male  sex  (or  male 
section  of  the  people) ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Sa- 
suku  jam  :  a  quarter  of  an  hour.  Riyal  dan 
suku  :  dollars  and  quarter-dollars ;  Sh.  Dag., 
2  ;  but  see  riyal, 

Bersuku-suku  :  in  tribes,  according  to  tribes, 
tribe  by  tribe ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  9 ;  Sh.  May., 
14 ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  24. 


fj^   soga  or  suga. 

ormosia  venosa. 


A  tree  with  white  flowers ; 


to    pass  the  fingers 


sugar.     I.      MBnyugar . 
through  the  hair. 

11.  [Pers.  shakar,  possibly  confused  with 
Eng.  sugar.]  Sugar.  Saperti  susu  dengan 
sugar :  like  milk  and  sugar ;  admirably 
harmonizing ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Sh. 

SOgang.     Palissades,  fencing. 


SOgok.     Minyogok  :  to  sign  to  any  one  to  do 

anything ;  to  give  a  significant  nod,  wink,  or 
look. 


SUgun.  Forcing  a  person  down  by  pulling 
his  or  her  hair ;  forcing  down  with  violence. 
Sugun  hantu :  disorderly,  of  hair  which  is  too 
stiff  to  dress  properly. 

SOgeh.  I.  Bungling,  trying  to  do  work  to 
which  one  is  not  accustomed. 


11.      (Kedah.)      Rubbing    the 
tobacco.     Cf.  sugi. 


teeth    with 


SUgi.  Rubbing  the  point  of  a  stick  against 
something  else ;  putting  out  a  torch  by 
rubbing  its  flaming  end  against  a  hard 
surface ;  scouring  the  teeth ;  scraping  the 
tongue.  Kayu  s. :  a  stick  used  for  scouring 
the  teeth ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  32  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
Damar  di-sugi  di-atas  papan:  the  torch  is 
extinguished  by  being  rubbed  upon  the  plank ; 
Ht.  Koris.  Urat  s. :  a  name  for  the  gandarusa 
(justicia  gandarusa). 


SULA 


[    423    ] 


SULAM 


J 


)r* 


Jr" 


oJ 


>y. 


A 


V^ 


Bersugi  :  to  clean  the  teeth  on  rising  in  the 
morning  ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  163. 

Menyugi  pelita  :  to  put  out  a  light ;  Ht.  Sri 
Rama  (Maxw.),  50. 

SUla.  [Skr.  shula,]  A  pointed  stick,  a  spit 
an  impaling  post ;  impaling,  spitting,  roasting 
on  a  spit. 

Sulakan  :  to  impale,  to  crucify,  to  roast  on 
a  spit.  Di'Suroh  baginda  sulakan  di-Ujong 
Pasir :  the  Prince  ordered  him  to  be  impaled 
at  Ujong  Pasir;  Sej.  Mai.,  84.  Biri-biri  Ur- 
lain  banyak  di-sulakan  orang :  many  sheep 
were  roasted  on  spits;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard.  Menyti- 
lakan  :  to  impale  ;  Ht.  Bakht.,  74, 

Penyula  :  a  spit,  a  sharp  stake  ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

Tersula  :  impaled, — used  of  an  animal  which 
has  tumbled  into  a  pitfall  and  been  impaled 
on  the  pointed  stakes  at  the  bottom. 

Teristda  :  a  trident ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

SUWil.  Bringing  pressure  to  bear  on  anyone  ; 
working  in  opposition  to  him. 

SUlit.  ( Riau,  Johor. )  Hidden  away, 
secluded,  secret, — of  a  place  or  thing.  Per- 
kataan  yang  sulit-sulit :  obscure  words  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  338,  346.  Tempat  yang  stdit :  an  out-of- 
the-way  place  ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  34.  Jalan  sulit  : 
a  little  known  path ;  Sh.  Bid.,  3,  49. 

Orang  yang  sulit :  a  lonely  person  ;  Sh.  Put. 
Ak.,  15. 

Mempelam   de-tepi  parity 

Di-sambar  uleh   rajawali; 
Tuwan   manikam,   dudok   tersulit, 
Belum   tampak   mentldhirkan   dirt : 

you  are  like  a  gem  dwelling  in  obscurity,  you 
still  remain  unseen  and  have  not  yet  revealed 
yourself. 

Also  (Kedah)  suHp, 

SUlor.  I.  Sticking  up  prominently;  pro- 
jecting perpendicularly.  S.  tiySng  :  topmast. 
S.  batang  :  shoots  or  sprigs  growing  out  of 
the  trunk  of  a  tree.  S.  bakong :  a  shoot  of 
the  lotus  (opening  out  into  the  flower) ;  Ht. 
Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  7. 

n.  Menyulor :  to  creep  along  the  ground, 
as  a  man  approaching  a  prince ;  Ht.  Best. 
Also  menjnlor ;  v.  julor. 

HI.     A  spy,  a  scout.     See  snloh, 

IV.  SuloY'bulor :  confused,  inharmonious, 
and  inappropriate, — of  speech. 


fi 


ir^ 


a   drink ;    inviting 
you  ;    drinking   to- 


SUlang.  I.  Joining  in 
another  to  drink  with 
gether.  Minnm  sulang-menyulang :  drinking 
together  continually,  taking  drink  after  drink 
together;  Sh.,  A.  R,  S.  J.,  29;  Sh.  Sg. 
Ranch.,  22;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  11. 
Minum  bersulang-sulangan :  id.;  Ht.  Koris, 
Ht.  P.  J.  P. 


^^ 


II.  Drops  of  vapour  ;  soot ;  anything  left 
on  a  surface  by  smoke  or  steam.  Telaga 
sulam :  the  little  pan  over  the  chimney  of  a 
lamp  which  collects  the  soot  and  so  prevents 
the  smoke  spoiling  the  ceiling  above. 

SUling.  A  sort  of  Malay  flute  or  fife ;  Sej. 
Mai.,  144 ;  Cr.  Hist.  Ind.  Arch.,  I.,  334. 
Tambur  dan  siding  :  a  drum  and  fife  band  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  109,  192.  Meniyup  suling  berbunyi ; 
bangsiy  inaka  bangsi  itu  terpatah-patah :  if  when 
you  blow  into  the  fife,  the  pipe  sounds,  the 
pipe  will  soon  break  into  pieces;  if  a  man  (the 
pipe)  tries  to  attend  to  other  people's  business 
besides  his  own,  his  own  business  will  soon 
come  to  grief;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  79. 

II.     To  prepare  or  distil  perfumes. 

Stdong.  Senior,  eldest,  first  in  age.  Abang- 
kuyang  s,:  my  eldest  brother;  Ht.  Abd,,  10. 
Anak  s.  ;  eldest  son.  Gigi  s.  ;  the  four  (two 
upper  and  two  lower)  front-teeth.  Buwah  s, : 
first'fruits. 

As  a  timang-timangan  or  familiar  designation, 
it  is  often  contracted  to  long  and  is  appHed  to 
the  eldest  child  of  either  sex  (with  the  proper 
name  added,  if  a  girl).  Tengku  sulong,  or 
tengku  long :  a  name  often  given  (in  place  of 
the  proper  name)  to  the  first-born  of  a 
reigning  house. 

u-iJ^^    SUlap.     Sleight  of  hand.     CL  silap. 


ii^ 


wi! 


SUlip.      (Kedah.)       Hidden,     out-of-the-way, 
obscure,  little  known;  (Riau,  Johor)  sulit,  q.  v. 

SOlak.     (Penang.)     Willing,    consenting,    in- 
clined to  or  for. 

Dari  Perlak   ka-pauh  janggi, 

Rama-rama  di-puncha   kain ; 
Tuwan  ta'-solak^   sehaya   ta'-sudi, 
Sama-sama  menchari  lain : 
you  have  no  desire  for  me,  I  have  no  pleasure 
in  you,  let  us  each  then  seek  another  lover. 


solek. 

dude. 


Foppish.     Pesolek  :  a  dandy,  a  fop,  a 


CT" 


SOlok.  Pesolok,  or  penyolok  :  a  present  in  the 
form  of  a  contribution  to  a  feast  to  which  one 
is  to  be  invited;  a  present  made  by  many 
individuals  and  which  is  to  be  returned  in 
kind  to  those  individuals ;  a  gift  made,  in  a 
great  measure,  as  a  matter  of  business  but 
with  no  binding  agreement  as  to  its  return. 

sulam.  L  Embroidery.  Seluwar  bersulam : 
embroidered  trowsers ;  Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  45  ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Meng,  Kain  bSrsulam:  embroidered 
cloth, — used  of  Chinese  embroidery  or  flowered 
patterns;  Sh.,  B.  A.  M.,  4.  ^  Ros  sulam: 
(Penang)  a  rose  set  in  a  ring  of  jasmine  buds. 

II.     (Kedah.)     The  replacing  of  dead  padi- 
shoots  with  fresh  ones  taken  from  the  nursery. 


SULU 


[    424    ] 


SUNYI 


yy^    SUlu.     A  spy,  a  scout.     See  siiloh. 
ij\j»-»    suliwatang.      A    Bugis    title    of  very    high 


l5^    SUlah.    Bald,  bare-headed, 
pepper. 


aJ 


'y^ 


J. 


Lr* 


Lad,a  sidah :  white 


AJj^    suleh.     A  plant,  tittms;  KL,  v.  d.  W. 


P^ 


spearing 


SUloh.  A  torch ;  a  spy,  a  scout,  Membawa 
suloh :  to  carry  a  torch  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  322. 

Stdohkan  :  to  light  up,  as  with  a  torch ;  Ht. 
GuL  Bak.,  8.  Sulohi :  to  shed  light  on  any- 
thing; Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  2. 

Bersuloh :  to  bear  a  torch,  to  have  a  torch. 
Bagai  bersuloh  tengah  hart :  like  using  a  torch 
in  broad  daylight;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III., 
23.  Lagi  terang  lagi  bersuloh :  it  is  not  only 
dayhght,  but  he  has  a  torch  as  well ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  156.  Sudah  terang  lagi  ber- 
suloh :  id.,  Ht.  Abd.,  139. 

Bersulohkan :  to  use  (anything)  as  a  torch 
to  light  one's  way.  Bertikarkan  btimi,  ber- 
seltmtitkan  langit^  bersulohkan  bulan :  using  the 
earth  as  a  sleeping-mat,  the  sky  as  a  sheet, 
and  the  moon  as  a  torch ;  a  proverbial 
description  of  a  homeless  wanderer's  lot ; 
Ht.  Sh. 

Menyuloh :  to  use  a  torch,  e,  g.,  in 
fish  or  burning  out  a  hornets'  nest. 

Enche^   Mat  membawa  suloh, 

Hendak   menytdoh   saraiig   tebuwan ; 

Sembah   di-aiigkat  jari  sa-puloh, 
Minta   matt   di-kaki   tuwan : 

Che'  Mat  was  carrying  a  torch  to  burn  out 
the  nest  of  the  hornets. 

In  the  sense  of  **asp3^"  or  of  "spying," 
suloh  also  occurs  in  literature.  Datang  suloh 
melihat  negeri :  a  spy  came  to  see  the  town ; 
Ht.  Sri  Rama.  Di-surohkan  uleh  Bendahara 
Paduka  Raja  suloh  Siyam  itu :  the  Bendahara 
Paduka  Raja  ordered  scouts  to  watch  the 
Siamese ;  Sej.  Mai.,  115.  Also  Ht.  Sh. 
Mard. ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  26;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  57. 

The  forms  sulu  and  snlor  also  occur. 

suli.  I.  The  latter  part  of  the  word  ganda- 
suit  (the  flowering  plant  hedychium  coronarium, 
Pijn.).  The  tw^o  portions  of  this  word  are 
often  separated  in  poetry,  the  word  being 
treated  as  a  compound,  e.  g.,  berkata  hunga 
ganda-nya  suli:  Sh.,  B.  A.  M.,  3. 

II.  A  grandson  or  great-grandson  (in 
literature  only).  Suli-ku,  nyawa  nenenda : 
my  grandchild,  your  grandfather's  very  life; 
Ht.  Koris.  (two  places).  Also  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng. 


suwam. 

cold. 


Lukewarm ;   not   too   hot   nor   too 


^y^  Stuna.  Daun  suma :  a  medicinal  plant 
(unidentified)  occasionally  mentioned  in 
Malay  prescriptions.  Suma  is  also  the  name 
of  a  fish  ;  KL 

yj^    SUmor.     Jav.     A  well ;  Kam,  Kech.,  6  ;  Bint. 
Tim.,  2  January^  1895. 


l^y*^    SUnat.     A  corruption  of  (Arab.)   sunnat,  q,  v. 


*>y^    SOnet   or   sunet.     A   tree    yielding    a    good 


gutta  ;    KL,  v.  d.  W 
Possibly  payena  leerii 


also  known  in  Kedah. 


(3l?^  SOnak.  The  peculiar  barb-like  stings  or  hard 
projections  on  the  tail  of  the  ray  (pari)  ;  the 
''  thorns  "  on  the  **  thorn-back "  fish.    Cf.  onak. 


Cfy^ 


Oa.,*m 


sirnan.     [Jav. 

or     sultati. 
susuhunan. 


susuhunan,']     A  reigning  prince 
Also     sustman,     suhunan,     and 


SOWah.       [Chin.    soahJ]      Over,    done    with, 
ended.     Belum  s.  :   it  is  not  over  ;    not  yet. 


Ca-u#    SUWah.     To    search  by   artificial     light     for 
anything. 

^jAj-^  SUhun.  Suhiman:  a  Javanese  reigning  Sultan 
or  Susuhunan;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Also  susunan, 
sunan,  and  susuhunan, 

lSj^  SUWai.  I.  Fitting,  matching,  exact  adap- 
tation. Sa-siiwai :  an  exact  fit;  an  exact 
match  or  pair. 

11.      [Eng.  sway,  as  a  nautical  term.]      Tali 
suwai  :    sway-ropes;   Pel.  Abd.,  115. 


j^    SOyat.     Tearing    through  ; 
better  soyak,  q.  v. 


Ht.     Sh.    Kub.  ; 


OiT" 


c^>- 


SOyak.     Rending  from  top  to  bottom,  tearing 

t%  pieces,  tearing  from  one  end  to  another. 
Di-soyak-nya  saperti  orang  menyoyak-kain  yang 
burok  :  torn  by  him  as  one  would  tear  up 
worn  out  clothes  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  i. 

Soyakkan  :  to  tear  or  rend  in  this  way  ;  Ht. 
Mas  Ed. 

Also  soy  at,     Cf.  koyak, 

SUnyi.  Lonely,  solitary,  desolately  quiet; 
free  from  disturbance.  Tempat  yang  s.  :  a 
lonely  quiet  place;  Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  52.  lya 
suka  iinggal  di4empat  di-dalam  sunyi :  he 
liked  to  five  in  a  place  by  himself  where 
he  was  quiet;  Ht.  Abd.,  86.  Sunyi-lah 
labohan  Melaka  :  the  Malacca  roadstead  was 
deserted  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  134.  Tiyada  sunyi  aku 
daripada  bSrsalah:  I  am  not  destitute  of  faults; 
Ht.  Abd.,  183. 

I  In  another  passage  of  the  same  romance  the  same 
expression  occurs :  di-soyat-nya  saperti  orang  mencharek  kam 
yang  burok. 


SAH 


[    425    ] 


SIYA 


Sunyi'Sinnyap :     absolutely     deserted;     Ht. 
Koris.,  Pel.  Abd.,  146, 

Kmmyiyan  :   loneliness,  abandonment ;  Pel. 
Abd.,  28. 


d,^^    sah.      Check! — in      playing      chess.       [Pers. 
shah  ?  ]      Sah-mat :   checkniate. 


4--^    sih.     Onom.     Blowing  the  nose.     Pronounced 
sMi, 


4-0-    soh.     I.     Warmth  of  the  body. 

II.     An  exclamation  to  make  buiTaloes  go  to 
the  left. 


^V 


Ut 


Sehaja.  I.  Skr.  ?  Only,  but.  Behasa  tin 
sehaja :  that  language  only.  Membuwat 
pandai'pandai  sendiri  sehaja  :  to  play  the  wise 
man  when  wise  but  in  their  own  estimation  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  45.  Aitak  tuwan-ttiwan  yang 
bersehaja-sehaja :  young  gentlemen  of  no 
official  rank;    Sej.  Mai.,  92. 

II.  (Possibly  connected  with  I.)  Inten- 
tionally ;  of  set  purpose  or  intent ;  (modern) 
sengaja, 

Charek    bajii   raja 

Di'lompati  todak  ; 
Biikan  di-sehaja 

Sebab    'akal    biidak  : 

the  prince's  coat  was  torn  by  the  leap  of  the 
saw-fish  upon  it ;  (the  saw-fish  was  not 
vanquished)  of  set  design,  but  by  the  clever 
suggestions  of  a  child  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  83.  Tiyada- 
lah  di-smgaja  :  it  was  not  done  intentionally  ; 
Ht.  Abus.,  20. 

Sehajakan :  to  intend,  to  intentionally  bring 
about ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.  Menyehaja :  id. ;  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  406. 


s6harah.     A  rice-chest. 

sehaya.  [Skr.  sahdya.]  Slave,  humble 
servant;  the  first  person  in  polite  but  not 
obsequious  language.  Sehaya  pinta  duwa 
perkara  sehaja  :  I  ask  for  two  things  only ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  30.  S.  semiiwa:  we  all ;  Ht.  Abd,, 
94,  Hamba  sehaya  :  slaves  and  chattels  ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  13,  46. 

Usually  pronounced  sah'ya.  The  word 
sehaya  is  sometimes  distinguished  from  hamba 
by  being  applied  to  slaves  in  domestic  service 
only,  who  occupy  a  higher  position  than  the 
thralls  in  the  field. 


f\^    sShayan.     A  fabulous  bird. 


^ 


iS^ 


se. 

se^ 


(Onom.)    Blowing  the  nose.    Pronounced 
K     Also  esangf  sih,  etc. 


si.  A  prefix  (usually  half  contemptuous  or 
familiar)  to  the  names  of  persons  and  of 
personified  animals  or  things.  Si-Penchuri ; 
this  Mr.  Thief;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  53.  Si-Phigail : 
this  Fisherman;  Sej.  Mai.,  102.  Si-Basir  : 
one  Basir  (a  slave) ;  Ht.  Abd.,  167.  St- 
'Abdullah:  this  Master  Abdullah  ;  Ht.  Abd., 
22.  Si-ular  lidi  :  the  snake  lidi  (a  very  small 
snake)  ;  Mr.  Lidi,  the  snake ;  Ht.  Abd.,  409. 
Si'hijau:  a  name  given  to  a  keris  ;  Ht.  Abd., 
99. 

Chaupandan,   anak   Bubanya, 
Hendak    menyerang   ka-Melaka ; 

Ada   chinchin    berisi   bimga^ 

Bunga  beladong   Si-Ayer  Mata : 

Chaupandan,  the  son  of  Bubanya,  proposed 
to  raid  Malacca  ; — there  is  a  ring  set  full  of 
flowers,  but  the  flowers  have  been  watered  by 
the  Lord  of  Tears  (tears  being  personified) ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  117. 

When  applied  to  a  person  with  a  proper 
title  of  his  own,  si  is  an  insult.  Jangan-lah 
engkati  memanggil  Shah  Kubdd  itu  si  si :  do  not 

speak  of  Shah  Kubad  bv  the  designation 
**si"  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Similarly  in  the  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.,  the  rivals  Samba  and  Boma  speak  of 
each  other  as  Si-Boma  «>and  Si-Samba 
respectively,  in  hostile  depreciation,  and  the 
term  is  even  applied  to  the  God  Siva  himself 
in  a  moment  of  passion  by  Semar,  the  clown- 
follower  of  Samba,  after  Siva  had  refused  to 
restore  life  to  his  master.  Again,  the  term 
si  is  applied  to  officers  whose  honours  have 
been  taken  away  by  degradation,  e,  g,.  Si 
Tuwah,  for  Hang  Tuwah,  Si  Jebat  for  Hang 
Jebat;  Sej.  Mai.,  159;  Ht,  Hg.  Tuw.,  48. 

Si-aku  :  see  si-engkau,  infra. 

Si-ann  :  so-and-so.  Bapa-kn  si-anu  nama-nya 
di-kampong  anu  :  my  father  is  named  So-and- 
so  ;  he  resides  at  such-and-such  a  place;  Ht. 
Abd.,  157. 

Si-apa  :  who,  what  person,  Mr.  What  ? — 
the  ordinary  interrogative  pronoun  **  who,'* 
used  in  writing  and  conversation. 

Si-chandakiya-mana :  what  slanderer;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  80.     See  chandakiya, 

Si-engkan  :  a  man  whom  one  can  address  as 
engkaii ;  a  man  of  no  importance;  Ht.  Abd., 
i39>  433-  Similarly  si-aku  is  a  person  to 
whom,  in  speaking  of  oneself,  one  can  use 
the  familiar  personal  pronoun  akti  instead  of 
a  more  ceremonious  term. 

Si-ngah :  a  name  (timang4imangan)  some- 
times given  to  the  second  child  in  a  family. 
If  a  girl,  her  proper  name  is  added. 


^  siya.  I.  Ikan  siya:  a  freshwater  fish 
(unidentified).  Anak  s, :  id.;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XL,  45- 

n.  Siya-siya:  idle,  useless,  without  result ; 
uselessness.  Wang  yang  terbuwang  dengan 
siya-siya :  money  thrown  away  uselessly  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  83.  Siya-siya-lah  ada-nya penat  lelah'ktt: 
my  trouble  and  fatigue  were  in  vain ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  igi. 


SAYAEAT 


[    426    ] 


SIDA 


Memiya-siyakan ;  to  bring  to  nought,  to 
cause  to  labour  in  vain.  Allah  ta^ala  tiyada 
mensiya-siyahan  orangyang  berbuwat  kebajikan : 
God  Most  High  will  not  cause  the  doers  of 
good  to  labour  in  vain ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam,,  398. 


\^tt^* 


DjUo*    Say&rat.     Arab.     A  planet.     Bintang  s. :  id. 


^ 


siyasat.  Arab,  Chastisement,  punishment. 
Baik  juga  di-kenakmi  siyasat  kapada  serigala 
itti:  it  were  well  to  inflict  chastisement  on 
the  jackal;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  308. 

The  word   is    also    used    in   the   sense   of 
'*  government,"  or  *'  control  ";  Ht.  Abd.,  132. 


uJw    siapa  or   siyapa.     Who;    from  si  and  apa, 
q.  V.     Barang  siapa  :  whoever. 


U»J^    VA.4AI 


c^ 


«Wai 


J^W 


siyakap.  Ikan  siyakap :  a  fish  (lates  calcari- 
fer?);  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  7;  Ht.  Abd.,  58. 

siyalang.     (Riau,  Johor.)     The  swarming  of 
bees.  Bersiyalang :  to  swarm.   Pokok  siyalang  : 
a  generic  name  for  large  trees  in  which  bees 
build  their  nests,  e.  g*.,  koompassia  parvifolia. 
Also  (  Kedah )  to'-alang  or  tuwalang. 

Siyamang.  I.  A  black  long-armed  ape, 
hylobates  syndadylus;  Ht.  P.  J.  P.;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  77.  From  si-amang,  amang 
having  apparently  the  meaning  black. 

n.     Tourmaline  or  wolfram. 

siyamul.  An  animal  of  the  loris  type,  said 
to  walk  with  its  heels  in  advance  of  its  toes. 


IdU^   siyaaang. 


A  freshwater  fish  (unidentified). 


J"^ 


J^ 


3liinii*>i*w 


c?t^ 


sibar.  L  A  border  to  a  richly-embroidered 
central  piece  of  cloth  ;  the  outer  portion  of  a 
table-cloth  or  other  piece  of  embroidery  when 
the  embroidered  work  is  confined  to  a  central 
square. 

H.     Splashing  up  water ;  cf.  sibor, 

sibor.  A  sort  of  large  ladle  consisting  of  a 
piece  of  coco-nut  shell  and  a  wooden  handle. 
The  shell  must,  however,  give  a  very  open 
concave  surface ;  if  more  than  half  the  coco- 
nut shell  be  used  so  as  to  form  a  deep  recep- 
tacle, the  word  gelok  is  used.  Scooping  up 
water  with  the  hands  is  also  called  sibor  ;  cf. 
chebok,  Ayer  di-sibor  dengan  tangan-nya :  he 
scooped  up  the  water  ( to  his  mouth )  using 
his  hands  to  hold  it ;  Ht.  Best. 

sibang.     See  siboL 

sebak.  SambiUsebak  :  (Kedah)  to  snatch  any- 
thing as  one  is  passing  by,  theft  by  a  person 
actually  in  motion  or  assault  by  such  a  person ; 
(Riau,  Johor)  sibang-sibok. 


sebok  or  sibok.  L  Pressure  of  work  or 
occupation  ;  crowding ;  a  **  rush  "  of  work ;  a 
**  whirl  "  of  amusements  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  129. 

n.  Sibangsibok :  (Riau,  Johor)  snatching 
as  one  passes ;  doing  something  when  in 
motion  ;  the  combination  of  motion  and  action. 
Also  (Kedah)  sambil-sebak. 

HI.  Penyebok  :  a  scoop,  a  sort  of  ladle  or 
spoon;  Ht.  Best.  Better  penchebok,  from 
chebok,  q.  v. 

sita.     L     Sodden,  of  cooked  food. 

n.  [Skr.  stta.]  The  name  of  the  bride  of 
Seri  Rama,  Sita-dewi :  id. 

siyat.  Tearing  into  strips,  rending  to  strips 
(but  not  deliberate  slicing  or  cutting  into 
strips).     Cf.  soyak  and  soy  at, 

Siyatkan  :  to  tear  to  shreds;  Ht.  Kal,  Dam., 
257- 

siyut.  I.  (Onom.)  The  rapid  emission  of 
breath  ;  whistling.     Often  pronounced  si^  yuH. 

n.  Singeing,  of  the  hair;  burning,  as  when 
a  single  mosquito  is  burnt  by  a  candle-flame 
being  placed  under  him. 

situ.     See  y**-  . 


y^    sitar.     [Hind,  sitdr,]     An  Indian  guitar  with 
three  strings. 

ku^    siting.     (Kedah.)     A  thin  shell,  placuna  sella ; 
^  (Riau,  Johor)  sinting, 

^^^    sitak.     A  bag  or  valise  of  a  travelling  prince. 

(J-^    Setan.     An  evil  spirit,   a  devil ;  a  colloquial 
variant  of  the  Arab,  o^^  q*  v. 

^j^    sitin.     Eng.     Satin, 


{^jr*"^ 


situn.     A  pot  of  black  glazed  earthenware. 


^Xj***    situ.     There.   Z)f'-s^V^ ;  in  that  place.    Ka-situ  : 
■^^^      to  that  place,   thither.     Dari  situ  :  from  that 
place,  thence. 


saiyid.  Arab.  Master,  Lord;  a  title  given  to 
male  descendants  of  the  Prophet.  Maka  ada- 
lah  saiyid  itu  keturunan  daripada  RasHlu'-llah  : 
a  Saiyid  is  a  descendant  of  the  Prophet  of 
God  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  18.  The  word  is  commonly 
known  and  written  as  "  Syed.'' 

sida.  Castration  ;  ( better  sida-sida )  a  eunuch ; 
Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  20.  Menyida :  to  emasculate. 
Sida-sida  :  the  eunuchs  attached  to  a  court, — 
often  mentioned  in  lists  of  minor  officials; 
Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  70 ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  67  ;  Sej.  MaL, 
34,  38 ;  Sh.  Bid.,  84. 


SIDAT 


[    427    ] 


SIRING 


£^ 


O-X^    sidat.     An  armlet   believed  to   possess  talis- 
manic  properties. 


sidang.  I.  A  gathering,  a  council.  S. 
mashtiwdrat:  members  of  Council.  S.  Hdama: 
a  council  of  men  learned  in  Muhammadan 
law;  Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  2.  5.  junta' at :  the 
Friday  assembly  for  congregational  service ; 
Ht.  Abus.,  4. 

II.  That  portion  of  the  blade  of  a  tool, 
knife,  or  weapon  which  shows  the  scratching 
of  the  grindstone;  the  edge  as  worn  by 
sharpening. 

III.  Abating,  of  rain,  when  it  changes  from 
a  violent  storm  of  rain  to  a  steady  but  not 
exceptional  downpour;  diminution,  but  not 
cessation. 

siding.  A  sharp  corner,  e.  g,  of  a  plank ;  a 
fence  used  as  a  trap  for  deer ;  the  edge  of  a 
patch  of  padi'l^Lud  or  jungle ;  walking  along 
the  edge. 

sedak.  The  rattan  ring  or  fastening  round 
the  Malay  tambourine  (rehana), 

sidek.  Investigation  ;  examination  of  a  ques- 
tion ;  thinking  out.     Cf.  selidek. 

saiyiduna.  Arab.  Our  Lord, — a  title  by 
which  the  Prophet  and  early  Kaliphs  are 
spoken  of;  Muj.,  11. 


c5'^<t**'  sidai.  Hanging  out  (clothes)  to  dry.  Penyi- 
dai  kain :  a  clothes  cord  or  rail.  Tersidai  : 
hung  out ;  Sh.  UL,  4. 

Chandu-madat  laksana   hangkai, 
A  nak   bint   dapat  di4inggal  ^ ; 

Ta'-dapat   kain  jemor  sidat, 

Di-sambar  sentap  btiboh  pajak  gadai : 

the  man  of  opium  and  chandti  is  dead  before 
his  time,  he  can  be  severed  altogether  from 
his  family; — you  cannot  get  your  clothes 
dried  when  hung  out  before  he  carries  them 
off  and  puts  them  in  the  pawnshop. 

c5-V**    saiyidi.     Arab.     My  Lord  ;  my  Lord  God. 

j\m  sira.  I.  Putting  powder  on  a  sticky  surface, 
coating  a  cake  with  sugar,  rolling  a  cake  in 
sugar  so  as  to  get  the  sugar  to  adhere  to  it. " 

II.  Jav.  A  Javanese  title  of  inferior  rank. 
Hendak  ka-mana  sira  sahaliyan :  where  are  all 
you  gentlemen  going  to ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed.  Sira 
Panji :  the  name  really  assumed  by  the  hero 
commonly  known  as  "  Sri  Panji." 

III.  A  place  where  wild  animals  of  the 
jungle  go  to  drink  without  preying  on  each 
other. 

I  Pronounced  tinggai  in  the  Kedah  dialect. 


J^  siyar.  L  Welding  hot  plates  of  iron  ;  ham- 
mering two  pieces  of  red-hot  iron  so  as  to 
unite  them. 

11.  Bersiyar :  to  stroll  about,  to  walk  up 
and  down  a  lawn  or  passage ;  Sh.  Ibl.,  12 ; 
Sh.  Nas.,  10,  12.  Bersiyar-siyar :  id.;  Ht. 
Koris ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  26. 

Papan  siyar :  the  highest  plank  in  the  con- 
struction of  the  sides  of  a  Malay  boat ;  the 
plank  remotest  from  the  keel. 


^i-^  siyor.  I.  Sempang-siyor :  zigzsigging,  jagged- 
ly.  Sempang-siyor  dalam  pay  a  dan  ayer :  zig- 
zagging through  the  swamps  and  water ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  308. 

II.     Ta' -siyor :  not  to  care  for;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
III.,  35;  =  ta'-ingin. 


C-i/J^  seret.  Dragging  or  drawing  along;  pulling 
a  thing  which  trails  along  the  ground.  Di- 
ikat-nya  dart  kaki  Saiyid  Yasin  ttu  lalu  di^serei- 
nya  di-bawa-nya  pergi  ka-tengah  padang  :  they 
attached  a  rope  to  the  feet  of  Saiyid  Yasin's 
body  and  dragged  it  along,  conveying  it  to 
the  centre  of  the  open  space;  Ht.  Abd.,  251. 

Menyeret :  to  drag  along;  Sh.  Jub.  Mai.,  15. 


Jp^/u-  sirat.  Netting  together;  working  an  orna- 
ment in  the  form  of  a  mesh.  Siratan  gigi : 
themesh-Hke  appearance  presented  by  regular 
teeth.  Bersirat :  worked  in  mesh-pattern ; 
Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  78.  Bersiratkan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.  Penyirat  kuku :  the  thin  line  of  skin 
covering  the  edge  of  the  finger  nails. 


Pj^  serang.  Wide-meshed,  e.  g,^  of  baskets,  nets, 
etc. ;  occurring  at  wide  intervals.  Buwah  s.  : 
fruit  when  scarce  on  a  tree. 


e*i/UM  serong.  Out  of  the  straight  line,  crooked, 
awry,  at  an  angle.  Berjalan  s. :  to  incline  to 
the  right  or  left  in  marching;  Ht.  Abd,,  105, 
Hireling  s, :  to  cast  a  side  glance.  Kain 
puncha  s.,  or  ikat  ptmcha  s, ;  a  mode  of  fastening 
the  sarong  commonly  used  by  women,  who 
bring  one  side  of  the  sarong  round  to  the 
front  and  then  so  tie  it  up  that  it  falls 
slantingly  in  front. 

^J^    siring.     An  instrument  something  like  a  big 
^  tennis  racket.     It  is  used  in  catching  shrimps. 

The  fisherman  holds  it  over  the  edge  of  the 
boat  with  one  hand  while,  with  the  other, 
he  punts  the  boat  along  hugging  the  shore. 
Shrimps  coming  in  contact  with  the  siring 
leap  out  of  the  water  and  fall  into  the  boat. 
The  word  is  used  somewhat  loosely  for  a  net 
or  trap  :  dengan  sa-bentar  juga  hamba  masobkan 
p^rburuwan  itu  dalam  siring  kita :  in  a  moment 
I  shall  get  the  game  to  enter  our  net ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  122. 

Kain  s. :  sack-cloth.     The  siring  proper  is, 
however,  made  of  fine  rattan.     Cf.  rawa. 


SERAP 


[    428    ] 


SISA 


W-3/W    serap.     I.     Planking,  like  a  very  low  dado, 
nailed  along  the  base  of  a  wall. 

IL    Jalan  serap  :  a  slight  track   beaten  by 
the  footsteps  of  occasional  passers-by. 


III.       [Jav.     sesirep,] 
spell ;  Ht.  Sh. 


A     sleep-producing 


u-iri-«'  sirip.  The  fin  of  a  fish  ;  overlapping,  as  the 
fin  of  the  fish  seems  to  cover  the  body.  Atap 
rtimah  ifu  bersirip  saperti  sisek  tenggiling  :  the 
tiles  of  that  roof  over-lapped  each  other  like 
the  scales  of  the  armadillo. 


^3-^^  serak.  Scattering  or  spreading  about  in 
disorder.  Serak-serakkan :  to  scatter  in  dis- 
order, to  scatter  (things  of  all  sorts)  about ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  320. 

jJ^/Um    serek.     To  threaten  but  shrink  from  carrying 

out  one's  threats ;  to  bluff.  Used  of  fighting- 
cocks  which  are  very  menacing  in  the  hope 
that  their  opponents  will  not  fight. 

Ada  sa-ekor  ayam   katek 

Ekor-nya  panjang,    buhi-nya   borek, 
Bila    berkukok   iya   menyerek 
Di-sepak   kawan  jatoh   tergolek : 
there  is  a  fowl  of  stumpy  size  with  a  long 
tail  and  spotted  feathers ;  each  time  it  crows 
it  blusters,  but  when  its  friends  hit  it,  it  falls 
sprawling  over  and  over. 

,3-/i-^  serok.  I.  Serokan  :  a  watercourse,  a  stream. 
Maka  barang-dimana  bertemu  serokan  atau 
panchoran  singgah  iya  rnembawa  isteri-nya 
mandi :  wherever  he  came  across  a  water- 
course or  stream  he  stopped  and  took  his 
wife  there  to  bathe ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

n.  A  sort  of  fish-trap  well-known  in 
Netherlands  India. 

Mj\^    Seram    or     siram.      Besprinkling,     pouring 
»    *         water  over;  bathing  (of  princes).     Saperti pu- 
chok  yang  layii  di-siram  hujan  :  like  a  withered 
shoot,  watered  by  the  rain ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 

Siramkan :  to  pour  or  scatter  (a  liquid) ;  Ht, 
Ind.  Jaya.  Menyiramkan :  id.  Maka  Bigawan 
Narada  pun  datang-lah  menyiramkan  oyer  titama 
jiwa  itu  kapada  may  at  segala  raja-raja:  the 
Blessed  Narada  came  to  sprinkle  the  water 
of  life  over  the  bodies  of  all  the  princes;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb. 

Bersiram :  to  bathe,  of  a  prince  or  princess. 
Sa4elah  sudah  bersiram :  when  she  ( the 
Princess)  had  bathed;  Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  74. 
Used  also  of  a  God  (Dewa)  bathing;  Sh. 
Kumb.  Chumb.,  15. 

Menyirami :  to  besprinkle  (an  object)  wdth 
any  sort  of  liquid ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 


O^ 


Seran.     The  island  of  Ceram.     Pari  s. ;  a  fish 
of  the  ray  or  skate  class. 


Qj^    seron.     (Kedah.)     A  fowl-house;   a  place  in 
which  fowls  are  shut  up  for  the  night. 

Btijang  s, :  a  woman  who,  while  pretending 
to  lead  a  single  life,  is  really  a  regularly  kept 
mistress;  a  man,  who  while  pretending  to 
have  no  wife  or  mistress,  really  has  one. 

^J*^    seru.     A  fish-trap  of  a  Netherlands  India  kind ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  230.     Also  seroh  and  serok, 

^/^    serah.      Glowing    red,     fiery      red,      bright- 
coloured. 


Vi^    seroh.     A  fish-trap ;  see  seru, 

^/^    Sirah.      [Arab,  i^  .]     Tale,  narrative. 

oj\^    sireh.     The  betel-vine ;  piper  betle, 

S,  ayer :  piper  miniatmn ;  a  wild  pepper. 

S.  charang :  soft  new  shoots  on  the  sireh 
vine. 

S.  china  :  a  cultivated  variety  of  piper  betle, 

S.  kadok  :  piper  longum, 

S.  kerakap :  coarse  well-grown  leaves  from 
the  sireh  vine. 

S,  melayu :  a  cultivated  variety  of  piper  betle. 

Junjong  s. :  the  pole  or  support  of  the  sireh 
vine. 

Makan  sireh:  to  chew  betel.  Santap  s. :  id., 
(of  princes).  5.  sa-kapor:  a  quid  of  betel-leaf; 
Ht.  Perb.  Jaya;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  10.  S.  sa- 
charek :  a  bit  of  betel-leaf;  Sej.  Mai.,  loi. 
Tempat  s. ;  a  betel-box;  Ht.  Abd.,  96.  S.  sa- 
cherana  :  a  salver  containing  all  the  requisites 
for  chewing  seV^A ;  Ht.  Abd.,  30.  Pesirehan  : 
a  betel-box;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

The  use  of  sireh  in  the  betrothal  and  wed- 
ding formalities  gives  rise  to  a  number  of 
expressions ;  e,  g, : — 

5.  berchakap :  the  sireh  sent  to  typify  the 
formal  proposal  of  marriage  ; 

S.  meminang :  the  sireh  passing  between  the 
families  to  signify  the  formal  acceptance. 

S.  g^^gg^'^^^  J  (Kedah)  the  bridegroom's 
supporter  or  best  man  (if  only  one  supporter 
is  employed)  ;  (Riau,  Johor)  s.  lelat. 

(JJ"^    sirai.     In  order,  of  the  hair.     Cf.  surai, 

^jA^-i^w  sisa.  [Skr.  shesha.]  What  is  left  over, 
surplus,  residue, — of  a  meal ;  the  leavings  of 
a  dinner.  Iya  makan  sisa  raja  singa  juga  :  he 
ate  what  King  Lion  left ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  103. 
Bagai  petai  sisa  pengait :  like  petai  beans,  the 
leavings  of  the  cropping-hook ;  not  worth 
taking  away ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  23. 

S.  nabi  :  **  the  remains  of  the  Prophet's 
meal,'*  a  name  so  given  to  a  kind  of  sole, 
half  of  which  is  supposed  to  have  been  eaten 
and  the  other  half  thrown  into  the  sea.  This 
fish  is  also  called  ikan  sa-belah. 


SISIR 


[    429    ] 


SIYAP 


sisir.  A  comb,  a  harrow,  a  toothed  instrument 
of  any  sort  when  used  as  a  comb ;  the  fringe, 
of  hair.  S.  rambtit :  id.,  (in  last  sense  only) ; 
Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  51.  Pisaiig  sa-sisir :  a  '*  comb" 
or  bunch  of  bananas. 

Menyistr :  to  harrow,  to  comb,  to  rake  up; 
to  rake  up  the  fish  which  get  caught  in  the 
extreme  compartment  of  a  fish-trap  (belat), 
Perahu  m.  :  a  boat  used  in  lishing. 


-«*"**'^i**'  sisip.  Insertion  between  two  flat  surfaces  as 
one  inserts  a  penknife  between  the  leaves  of  a 
book.  The  word  is  especially  used  of  weapons 
being  kept  stuck  between  the  overlapping 
pieces  of  atap  composing  a  Malay  wall,  or 
between  the  body  and  the  belt.  Sisipkan  :  to 
so  insert  (anything)  ;  to  keep  (anything) 
inserted  between  two  flat  surfaces ;  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  245.  Menyisipkan  ;  id. ;  Ht.  Koris. 
Tersisip ;  stuck  or  inserted  in  this  way  ;  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  41  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  300,  310. 


sisek.     I.     The    scale    of  a    fish,    or    of  an 

armadillo,  or  (Ht.  Sh.  Kub.)  of  a  dragon ; 
the  act  of  scraping  off  the  scales  of  a  fish  or  the 
thorns  of  a  durian.  S.  ikcm  :  fishes'  scales  ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  55.  Gigi'Uya  bersisek-sisek  berkilat- 
kilat :  his  teeth  were  like  scales,  glittering ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

S.  tenggiling :  the  scales  of  the  armadillo,  a 
common  expression  to  describe  shingle-roofs 
and  certain  forms  of  tiled  roofs. 

Batok  s,  :  a  disease  of  the  whooping-cough 
type  afflicting  Malay  children. 

n.  [Probably  connected  with  I.]  A 
generic  name  for  certain  turtles ;  e,  g,  : 

S.  liltn  :  chelone  imbricata, 

S.  Umptirong :  the  loggerhead  turtle,  thalasso- 
chelys  caretta. 

^A*»^j*M    sisil.     Turning  up  the  edge   or  bottom  of  a 
sleeve  or  of  the  trowsers. 

siseh.     Opposition,  quarrelling,     dispute ;  cf. 
seliseh. 

Menyiseh  :  to  dispute,  to  oppose,  to  disturb  ; 
Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  3,  6  ;  Sh.  Ibl.,  10  ;  Sh.  Ch. 
Ber.,  6. 


A*^^^  sisi.  The  side,  brink  or  edge  of  anything. 
Disisi  gereja  :  at  the  side  of  the  church  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  431,  Di'Sisi  puteri ;  at  the  princess's 
side ;  Sh.  Bid.,  52.  Di-sisi  ktibor :  at  the 
edge  of  the  grave  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  80. 


jt^   siyang.    I 


Day,  daylight.  Hari  ahad  si- 
on  Sunday  during  the  day ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  13,  Ayam  pun  berkukok  hmnpir-lah  si- 
yang :  the  cock  crowed,  the  day  was  at  hand ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  262. 


Bulan  hesiyangan :  the  moon  in  daylight, 
a  symbol  of  pallor  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  106. 


ir 


j^*** 


II.  To  pare  or  scrape  (the  scales,  feathers 
or  skin  )  off  anything. 

III.  A  strong  stroke  of  the  paddle  to  turn 
a  boat. 

Siyong.  I.  Tusks,  large  canine  teeth  when 
projecting  from  the  lower  jaw,  Gementar-lah 
segala  anggota-nya  melihat  siyong-nya  bota  dan 
raksasa  itii  beriiyala-nyalci :  all  his  limbs  trem- 
bled when  he  saw  the  shining  of  the  tusks 
of  the  evil  spirits ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Bersiyong  :  tusked.  Bersiyongan  :  id,  ;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah.  Raja  bersiyong:  the  '* tusked  raja'' 
of  Kedah,  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

The  term  siyong  is  specially  used  of  a  boar's 
tusks,  not  an  elephant's  (gading).  The 
possession  of  such  tusks  is  ascribed  also  to 
certain  evil  spirits  and  to  the  gergasi  or  wild 
aboriginal  tribes  of  Kedah.  Gigi  s. :  the  canine 
teeth  generally. 


II.     Onom. 


A  whizzing  sound. 


singa.  [Skr.  siriha,]  A  Hon;  Ht.  Abd., 
356;  Sej.  Mai.,  47.  Saperti  singa yang  tiyada 
membilangkan  lawan-nya  :  like  a  lion  taking  no 
count  of  his  foes;  Cr.  Gr.,  78. 

Singa  also  occurs  as  a  title,  e,  g.,  s.  merjaya 
( Cr.  Gr.,  78),  s,  perkasa  and  s.  mtmteri  (Ht. 
Sh.  Mard.). 

senget  or  singit.  Inclination  to  one  side ; 
leaning  over  sideways,  of  a  boat  or  cart, 
Senget  peralm  jangan  di-balek  :  if  a  sailing  boat 
bends  a  little  to  the  breeze,  do  not  set  it 
straight. 

Bersengetan  :  at  an  angle,  leaning  to  a  side, — 
used  of  a  headkerchief  or  fillet  (  bulang  ulu  )  ; 
Ht.  Koris. 

Tersenget :  set  at  an  angle  ;  inclined.  Biyar 
tersenget,  jangan  Urtiyarap  :  let  it  stoop  but  let 
it  not  fall  over ;  do  things  in  moderation ; 
Prov.  Tersenget-senget  bagai  patong  di-bawah 
reba  .-bending  about  like  th^  patong  fish  under 
a  fallen  tree ;  a  proverbial  description  of  the 
affected    graces   of   a   dandy;    J.    S.   A.    S., 

III.,  27. 

II.  The  slight  stinging  sensation  caused  by 
an  acid  (like  the  oil  from  the  skin  of  an 
orange )  getting  into  the  eye. 

singam.  A  bush,  scyphiphora  hydrophyllacea. 
Also  chingam. 

saif.  Arab.  Sword,  SaifuH-yazdn  ;the  Flam- 
ing Sword;  the  name  of  a  well-known 
romance. 

siyap.  Readiness,  bringing  to  readiness,  pre- 
paration. Segala  bekal-bekalan  pun  semuwa- 
nya  sudah-lah  siyap:  all  the  stores  had  now 
been  got  ready  (for  the  journey ),  Ht.  Abd.,  102. 

Siyapkan :  to  get  ( anything )  ready,  to 
prepare  ( anything )  for  the  work  it  has  to  be 
put  to ;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J,,  3. 

Bersiyap :  in  readiness,  to  be  ready ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  321  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  96. 


54. 


SIPAT 


[    430    ] 


SEKAK 


sipat.     [Arab.     aI*^]   A  ruled  or  marked  line  ; 

attributes,  qualities,  charms.     Tali  s.  :  a  line 
made   by  a  carpenter  to  guide  him  in  his  work. 

A  nak  enggang  di-atas  kota, 

Batang  perapat  timtboh  chendawan ; 
Tiyada  tertanggong  hati  berchinia 
Menentang  sipat  ^drif  bangsawan  : 
the  love  in  my  heart  becomes  uncontrollable 
in  view  of  the   charms  of    my    learned  and 
noble  ( lover )  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

sepet    or    sipit.     Half  closed,   of  the    eyes  ; 
small  eyes  with  lids  kept  very  close  together. 
Buta  s, :  blindness  when  the  eyelids  are  kept 
closed. 

siput.  A  generic  name  for  shells  and  shell- 
fish; the  lines  or  markings  on  the  hand. 
Many  shells  have  also  special  names  of  their 
own,  e.  g.,  rangkek;  those  given  here  are  names 
of  shells  which  are  known  simply  as  siptit  with 
a  descriptive  attribute: — 


5.  bawang :  bulla  ampulla, 

S.  belang  chechak  :  tei^ebra  mascaria, 

S.  btilan  :  helix  ovum, 

S,  bulan  ptiteh  :  natica  mamilla, 

S,  panjang  :  terehra  macnlata. 

S.  subang  :  solarium  trochleare. 

S.  tudong  :  trochus  pyramis. 

Mengambil  siput :  to  collect  shells,  to  pick  up 
shell-fish  ;  Sej.  MaL,  45. 

In  the  sense  of  the  lines  of  the  hand,  the  siput 
or  markings  are  used  in  divination.  Siput 
retak  sa~7'ibu  :  the  lines  on  the  fingers.  Pung- 
kor  s.  :  the  core  of  a  whorl, 

yh^    Seper  or   Sipir.    [Dutch :   cipier.']      A   cyplier, 
cyphering;  notation  and  numeration. 

(3*^***    Sepak.     Kicking  with    the  side   of  the  foot  ; 

knocking  out  of  the  way  with  the  foot.  Kena  s, : 
to  be  ignominiously  kicked  aside  or  dis- 
carded. Bung  a  di-sunting,  perdu  di -sepak  bu- 
tzmng :  the  flower  is  worn  ;  the  stalk  is  kicked 
aside  ;  the  daughter  is  cherished  for  her  beauty, 
the  mother  cast  aside ;  a  proverbial  descrip- 
tion  of    the  conduct  of    a    bad    son-in-law. 

S.  lang  :  a  patch  of  hair  left  after  shaving  a 
boy's  head. 

S.  raga :  the  Malay  football ;  a  game  of 
skill  consisting  a  keeping  a  sort  of  rough 
ball  of  basket  work  in  the  air  as  long  as  pos- 
sible, kicking  it  up  again  as  it  falls.    See  raga, 

5.  sila :  kicking  up  with  the  inner  side  of 
the  foot. 

S.  singkor :  kicking  aside  with  the  outer  side 
of  the  foot. 

Kemudi  s. :  a  paddle-rudder  (sometimes  a 
double-rudder)  of  the  native  type  in  contra- 
distinction to  a  hinged  rudder  of  the  European 
type  (kemudi  chawat). 


yu^  sipU.  Shamefacedness.  Kesipu-sipuwan :  id. ; 
Sh.  Bid.,  18.  Th'sipu-sipu  .-blushing  for  shame, 
put  to  the  blush ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  87,  152  ;  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub.  ;  Ht.  Si  Misk.,  65.  Tersipu-sipuwan : 
id.;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,    8. 

yi^    sipuwa.      [Chin,  sn^g-podfK]     An  abacus. 


Sepah.     Littering    about ;     dissipation    over 
space.     Tersepah  :  scattered  or  littered  about. 


^_^^  stpai.  [Pers.  and  Hind,  sipdhi,]  A  sepoy,  a 
soldier.     Also  supai  and  sipahi,  q,  v. 

^J>y^  sipi.  Position  off  the  centre ;  wide  of  the 
mark ;  hitting  the  edge  or  side  instead  of  the 
centre ;  a  side  or  portion  of  a  piece  of  work 
when  all  is  not  finished. 


^j^    siyak.     I.     The  caretaker  of  a   mosque ;  the 

man  who  sweeps  out  the  mosque  and  keeps 
it  clean  generally.  To'  siak  :  id.  S.  ayer  :  to 
pour  out  water. 

II.  A  well-known  Sumatran  State. 

III.  Akar  siyak:   a   slender   climber   with 
white  flowers,  physostelma  wallichii. 

Siyak-siyak  jantan  :  dianella  ensifolia, 
Siyaksiyak  rimba  :  mapania  humilis. 


Ox'WS.A,' 


t^  sikat.  A  comb,  a  harrow ;  the  process  of 
harrowing  or  combing.  Di-sikat  uleh  pennai- 
suri  indera  ulu  kakanda  :  the  queen  combed 
the  head  of  her  spouse  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Pinang  sa-sikat,  susu  sa-belaiiga, 
Tanda  sa~pakat,  makan  sama-sama  : 

a  bunch  of  bananas,  a  pot  of  milk, — friend- 
ship is  shown  in  sharing  them ;  the  fare  may 
be  humble,  but  to  share  it  proves  a  kindly 
heart ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  37. 

Bersikat :  combed,  combing.  Bersikat  ber- 
minyak :  combed  and  oiled,  of  a  dandy ; 
Sh.  Nas.,  12.  Ada  yang  tengah  bersikat  tidor 
dengan  sikat-nya :  some  who  were  combing 
themselves  fell  asleep  comb  in  hand;  Ht. 
Ind.  Meng. 


« — iSwuM  sikap.  I.  Pose,  attitude,  bearing.  Sikap- 
nya  tiyada  berlawan  saperti  Sang  Dermadewa 
tatkala  turun  dart  keyangan :  his  bearing  was 
peerless,  he  was  like  the  hero  Darmadewa 
descending  from  Indra's  heaven ;  Cr.  Gr.,  78. 
Sikap-nya  saperti  mambang :  his  pose  was  like 
a  fairy's ;  Ht,  Pg.  Ptg. 

The  form  sigap  is  more  common. 

II,  Baju  sikap:  a  coat  {baju)  with  tight 
sleeves;  Ht.  Abd.,  419;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  14. 
Also  baju  sekak. 

III.  Lang  sikap  :  a  small  hawk. 


jSwoi 


sekak.     See  sikap,  II. 


SIKIN 


[     431     ] 


SILA 


43s.-**^ 


dgong.     A  digging 

motion   with  the    elbow. 

Menyigong :  to   dig 

in    the    ribs.     Cf.    teinbi, 

s//i:/^  etc. 

sigap.  I.  Bearing,  pose;  =  sikap,  q.  v.  The 
word  is  very  common  in  describing  the 
bearing  of  a  hero  or  man  of  valour  or  even  of 
a  fabulous  animal;  Sej.  Mai.,  47,  84;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. ;   Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;  etc. 

II.  Nyigap  or  menyigap  :  to  set  weapons  in 
order;  to  have  one's  arms  ready  for  use;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg, 

Segak.     Gorgeously   dressed;  made    up   with 

paint  and  powder  to  conceal  natural  defects ; 
dandiiied  generally. 

segok.  Bad,  of  work ;  inharmonious  work ; 
work  that  offends  the  eye  when  completed. 

segel.  A  Malay  basket  of  rattan  or  wood  to 
keep  things  or  trapped  animals  in  ;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
VIII.,  114. 

sigam.     (Onom.  ?)     A  dull  thumping  noise. 


sikin.  [Arab,  sikktn,]  A  knife;  Ht.  Suit. 
Ibr,,  3;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  245. 

siku.  The  elbow ;  a  sharp  angle.  Lengan- 
nya  kena  luka  dari  sikii-nya  sampai  ka-hahit- 
nya :  his  arm  had  a  wound  stretching  from 
the  elbow  to  the  shoulder;  Bint.  Tim., 
23  February,  1895.  Belanda  terpotong  tangan 
dan  siktc :  Dutchmen,  with  hands  and  forearms 
cut  off;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  14. 

S.  jalaii :  a  sharp  turn  in  the  road. 

S.  kehiwang:  festooning  with  coconut  leaves; 
a  pattern  something  like  a  succession  of 
festoons,  suggesting  to  Malays  the  peculiar 
appearance  of  a  sleeping  fruit -bat. 

Bcrat  s. :  weighed  down  at  the  elbow, — a 
proverbial  description  of  a  man  who  will 
never  raise  his  arm  to  do  honest  work.  Pakai 
gelang  sampai  sikii :  w^earing  bracelets  up  to 
the  elbow;  id.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  47. 

Burok  s, :  '^rotten-elbowed," — of  a  man  who 
gives  a  present  and  then  asks  for  it  back 
again  ;   Pro  v. 

sekah.  I.  Nimbleness,  activity  of  body.  lya 
menari  terlalu  sekah :  he  danced  with  great 
agility  ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  12. 

II.      [Auih.  sikkah.]     The  impression  of  the  | 

mint;  the  "  guinea-stamp."     See  Ss^  .  | 

I 

sekeh.     (Kedah.)  Twisting,  as  one   twists  an   | 
ear ;  giving  a  twisting  motion  to  the  grip.  i 

sigar.  I.  Kain  sigar :  a  cloth  folded  round 
the  head  in  a  peculiar  way  and  worn  as  a 
headdress  by  the  bridegroom  at  a  wedding. 
A  similar  headdress  is  worn  by  w^omen  when 
working  in  the  padi-held?,, 

II.    Jav.    To  split  or  divide  in  two;  =  belah. 


ii^^ 


ci^^ 


sigai.  Tangga  sigai  :  a  kind  of  ladder  made 
by  lashing  a  long  bamboo  to  a  tree-trunk 
and  then  either  cutting  notches  in  the 
bamboo  itself  to  act  as  footrests  or  attaching 
short  pieces  of  wood  to  the  bamboo  at  short 
intervals  for  the  same  purpose. 

S.  sireh :  a  short  ladder  for  picking  leaves 
from  the  higher  portions  of  the  sireh  vine. 
It  is  made  of  three  poles  fastened  together 
at  the  top,  steps  being  lashed  across  two 
of  them. 

sigi.  I.  Pointing  the  finger  of  scorn  at 
anyone,  emphasizing  remarks  by  pointing 
with  the  finger  at  the  person  addressed, 
digging  with  the  finger.     Cf.  seligi, 

II,  A  band  of  thin  metal  round  the  sheath 
of  a  keris, 

III.  A  torch  of  resinous  wood. 
Sela.     Port.     A  saddle. 

siyal.  Attended  by  ill-luck,  ominous  of  mis- 
fortune, causing  calamities,  ill-starred,  ill- 
omened — used  of  the  cause  rather  than  of 
the  victim  of  misfortune.  Thus,  the  number 
13  would  be  described  (if  the  well-known 
superstitioti  existed  among  Malays)  as  siyaL 
Mnka  yang  s. :  a  face  bringing  ill-luck  to  all 
who  see  it,  eg,,  a  face  with  the  **  evil  eye"; 
Sh.  Peng.,  9.  Binatang  s.:  an  animal  (such 
as  the  monitor  lizard  or  biyawak)  which  it  is 
unlucky  to  meet.  Siyal  menahun,  or  siyal 
bertahim-tahan :  bringing  permanent  ill-luck 
in  contradistinction  to  bringing  immediate 
but  fleeting  misfortune, 

siyuL  Whistling  with  the  mouth.  Bersiyul : 
to  whistle.     Cf.  siyut, 

sila.  I.  [  Skr.  shila :  good  manners.]  An 
expression  signifying  "  welcome,"  or  used  as  a 
polite  term  of  request  or  invitation  ;  '*  please,  " 
when  addressing  a  prince  ;  a  respectful  way  of 
sitting.  Sila-lah  kita  bertanya :  let  us  then 
enquire,  i.  c,  will  you  please  join  me  in 
enquiring  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  25. 

Benang  s. :  a  thick  stiff  white  thread  of 
several  strands. 

Gcretak  s.  ;  doing  nothing,  playing  the 
*' passenger"  or  ^*  spectator"  when  others 
work. 

Tikar  s,  :  a  mat  with  a  gold-embroidered 
centre. 

Silakan  :  be  pleased  to,  please  come,  kindly 
accept.  Silakan  tuwan-hamba  masok :  kindly 
enter  ;  please  come  in  ;  Ht.  Sg,  Samb.  Sila- 
kan iengku  ka-Selat :  will  Your  Highness  come 
to  Singapore  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  219.  Silakan  kita 
bermain  chator :  let  us  play  chess  ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  II. 

Bersila  :  to  sit  down  in  the  regular  Malay 
fashion  in  contradistinction  to  unceremonious 
ways  of  lying  about ;  J.  I.  A.,  IV.,  433. 
Dudok  bersila:  id,,  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya;  Ht.  Sri 
Rama  (  Maxw.),  30. 

Persilakan  or  mempersilakan  :  to  invite;  Ht. 
Ind.  Nata;  Sej.  Mai.,  40,  103;  Cr.  Gr.,  33. 


sailAn 


[     432     ] 


SINAB 


{,Jrii^ 


O^ 


11.  [Skr.  shila :  a  stone,]  Batu  medang 
sila :  a  kind  of  gypsum  used  in  Malay  medi- 
cine. It  is  put  in  water  and  does  not  dissolve 
but  is  believed  to  convey  medicinal  properties 
to  the  water  if  kept  long  enough  in  it. 


«>2 ^*A  *» 


sailan.     Pers.    Ceylon.     See  selan, 

silat.  Malay  fencing  ;  a  kind  of  sword-dancing 
in  imitation  of  fencing.  Silat  dan  tart: 
fencing  and  dancing ;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  4. 

Bh'silat :  to  fence ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

silir,  Silir-semilir  :  waving,  as  the  loose  end 
of  a  garment  (pimcha  sabok)  when  the  owner 
moves;  Ht.  Sh. 

selang  or  silang.  Cross-wise ;  position  at 
right  angles.  S.  empat :  a  cross ;  the  mark 
made  by  a  man  who  cannot  sign  his  name. 

S.  menyelang :  cutting  at  right  angles  ; 
crossed,  as  fragments  of  weapons  lying  across 
each  other  after  a  fight;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  33, 
41 ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  16. 

Berselang  :  marked  with  a  cross,  as  the  back 
of  a  man  scarred  with  cross-blows;  Ht.  Abd., 
334- 

silap.  I.  Conjuring,  sleight  of  hand.  S. 
mata :  id.  Bohong  dan  tipu  dan  silap  mata  : 
lies,  deceit  and  conjuring  tricks  ;  Ht.  Abd., 
160.  Tukang  silap  mata :  a  conjuror ;  Bint. 
Tim.,  4  April,  1895.     Also  sulap  mata, 

A  wan  bersilap :  a  peculiar  ornamental  floral 
pattern  in  which  the  tracery  seems  inter- 
woven, the  markings  passing  irregularly  under 
and  over  each  other  so  as  to  puzzle  the  eye 
when  one  attempts  to  follow  out  the  pattern. 

n.      [Arab,  khilaf.  ]     An  error,  a  mistake. 

Selak.  Lifting  up  a  curtain  or  garment, 
removing  a  covering  so  as  to  cause  exposure. 
Di-selakkan  kain  di-dada-nya  perempuwan  itu  : 
he  removed  the  garment  from  the  woman's 
breast ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Kain  terselak :  with 
the  sarong  pulled  up  or  otherwise  disarranged 
so  as  to  expose  too  much  of  the  person. 

silam.  I.  Gloom,  darkness.  Pada  snwatu 
silam :  one  late  evening,  or  early  night ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  138.  Silam  ta'-lagi  nampak-nya 
terang :  at  nightfall  when  one  could  no  longer 
see  clearly;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Tersilam  :  overtaken  by  nightfall,  benighted. 
Orang  dagang  yang  tersilam  di-bandar  tuwan  : 
a  stranger  benighted  in  your  city  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

n.  Keris  silam  upeh:  one  of  the  many 
patterns  of  the  keris,  q.  v. 

HI.  Silam  bara :  [Skr.  swayam-wara.]  A 
contest  for  a  bride,  the  winner  of  the  contest 
obtaining  her  hand  in  marriage,  the  bride, 
however,  adjudging  the  victory ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 

selan.  [Pers.  sailan.]  Ceylon.  Batu  s, : 
the  sapphire.  Bunga  s. :  a  flower  ( that  of  the 
ixoria  ?  )  ;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  14, 


aJLw 


r 
r 


J\f^ 


Silau.  The  dazzling  of  the  eyes  by  glare. 
S.  ayer:  the  radiation  of  light  on  moving 
water.     Cf.  kilan. 

silu.  Shyness,  retiring  modesty.  Silu- 
siluwan :  id., — of  a  smile  suppressed  by 
modesty  (Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  8),  or  of  the 
demeanour  of  a  girl  in  the  presence  of  a  young 
man  (ib.,  p.  10). 

silah.       Silah-silah :  [  Arab.         salsilat,  ] 

Genealogical  tree,  pedigree,  family  records. 


sileh. 

loss. 


Making  good,  replacing,    repairing   a 


S,  mata  :  a  gift  for  the  eye  only ;  a  present 
made  before  others  to  deceive  them  but 
returned  in  secret  afterwards  ;  e.  g.,  when  a 
much  larger  marriage  portion  is  publicly  paid 
than  is  necessary,  the  balance  being  privately 
returned.  The  apparent  magnitude  of  the 
marriage  portion  enhances  the  importance  of 
the  parties. 

Salah  s. :  an  apologetic  expression,  asking 
forgiveness  in  advance  for  faults  of  speech 
inadvertently  committed. 

siyam.     Siam ;    Ht.    Abd.,  226;     Sej.   Mai., 
115;  etc. 


Sima.     Jav.     A  tiger. 

seman.  Unsuccessful,  coming  to  nothing, 
fruitless,  spoilt,  a  failure. 

simun.  Kain  simim  :  a  flowered  chintz  from 
the  Coromandel  coast. 

semah.  A  propitiatory  or  expiatory  offering  to 
gods  or  evil  spirits.  Jin  yang  korang  semah  : 
an  evil  spirit,  when  offerings  begin  to  run  low; 
a  starving  ghost  ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  22. 
Ttiboh-nya  buwat  semah  negeri :  let  his  body 
be  sacrificed  for  the  city ;   Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Penyemah:   a  sacrifice,   a  sacrificial  offering; 
Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  19. 

O^    sin.     Arab.     The  name  of  the  letter  ^. 

CX^  sini.  Here;  this  way;  this  direction.  Di- 
sini:  here,  at  this  place.  Dari  sini:  hence. 
Ka-sini :  hither.  Di-saberang  sini :  on  this 
side  of  the  river,  on  the  nearer  bank ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  228. 

Cf.  int. 
Oi***    sena.     [Skr.  send.]     An  army,  infantry. 

U^    slna.    Arab.    Sinai.  J abal  fur  sind:  Mt.  Sindii. 


Sinar.  A  ray  of  light.  K^na  s.  matahari :  to 
be  struck  by  the  sun's  rays;Ht.  Abd,,  113, 
463- 

S.  paras  puteri :  the  rays  of  the  princess's 
loveliness ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  41, 

S.  menyinar :  to  radiate  light,  to  dazzle,  to 
sparkle  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Menyinar -nyinar :  id. ;  Ht. 
Koris. 


SINI 


[     433     ] 


shabIk 


Sinari  :  to  be  lit  up  by  the  rays  of  anything. 
Jalan-nya  Uvang  di-sinari  bulan  :  a  road  bright 
under  the  rays  of  the  moon  ;  Sh.  Bid.,  7. 

Bersinar :  to  shine. 

Shamsu  waH-kamar, 
Matt   ta' 'bersinar : 
the  *' Sun   and    Moon*'     (newspaper)     died 
before  it  shone ;  Bint.  Tim.,  23  February^  i^QS* 

^^^    Sini.     See  Ov- ,  $ini. 


^"^r^ 


sewa.  Hire,  hiring,  engaging.  Kit  pinjam 
atau  ku  sewa  :  I  either  borrowed  or  hired ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  138. 

Sewaan  :  obtaining  on  lease,  leasing,  engag- 
ing. Rumah  sewaan :  a  house  leased ;  a  house 
held  on  leasehold  tenure ;  a  house  intended 
to  be  let;  Ht.  Abd.,  337,  457. 

Menyewa:  to  hire,  to  engage  on  hire ;  Sh. 
Lamp.,  27  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  156. 


y^  siyau.  Cooled  down  to  a  bearable  tempera- 
ture,— of  hot  water  which  has  cooled  down  so 
that  the  hand  can  be  immersed  in  it,  or  of 
a  patient  whose  temperature  is  again  normal. 


a 


Jj.^    sewal.     Misfortune. 


^y^yiT*"  Siyoman  or  sayuman.  The  recovery  of 
consciousness  after  a  fainting  fit ;  Ht.  GuL 
Bak.,  15,  34,  102 ;  to  come  to  oneself  after  a 
drunken  debauch,  Hay.  Haiw. ;  to  come  to 
one's  senses  after  being  in  love ;  Sh.  Bur. 
Pungg.,  4 ;  Ht.  Kal,  Dam.,  234;  Ht.  P.  J.  P.; 
Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 


0^. 


A.A«iM 


A.*^ 


sewah.     I.     A  short  curved  dagger. 

n.     A  bird  of  the  hawk   type  ;   a   kite    or 
falcon. 

siyah.  Bustling  confusedly  about,  of  a  man 
who  shows  energy  but  cannot  get  what  he 
wants.     Siyali-layah :  swaying,  as  a  drunkard. 


siyuh. 

fowls. 


An    interjection    for     driving     away 


cr- 


sehu.  Smart,  clever,  skilled  in  any  particular 
art, 

Sinyor.  [Port,  senhor.]  Sir,  Mr. ;  a  title 
given  to  Europeans  in  old  romances,  e,  g-.,  in 
the  Ht.  Koris.  Sunggoh-kah  kata  sinyor  itu : 
is  what  that  gentleman  says  correct ;  Ht. 
Koris.  The  word  also  occurs  in  the  Sh.  Si 
Lembari,  applied  to  a  Malacca  Portuguese. 

sanya.  Bahwa  sa-nya  :  verily,  of  a  truth, — as 
an  opening  expression  in  a  sentence  ;=sa- 
sunggoh-nya. 


LT 


U^ 


lJ**  . 


The  letter  shin ;  the  fourteenth  letter  of  the 
Malay  alphabet ;  the  symbol  for  the  number 
300  in  the  Abjad,  q.  v. 

Shabash.     Pers.      Excellent!     Capital!     An 
interjection  of  pleasure  or  satisfaction. 


j^Vi»    shalr.     Arab.    A  poet. 

jiVi 


sh&fi'l.     Arab.     The  name  of  the  founder  of 
the  Shafiite  sect ;  Bust.  Sal. 


shal.  Pers.  Shawl.  Di-lapis  shdl  di-atas-nya  : 
with  a  shawl  wrapped  round  him;  Sh.  Panj. 
Sg. 


Vi,    sMm.     Arab.     Syria. 


r 


a*U 


shsLh.  Pers.  King,  prince  ;  a  common  affix  to 
the  names  of  Malay  Sultans.  Shah  'dlam : 
ruler  of  the  world ;  an  imperial  title.  Shah- 
bandar:  a  harbour-master.  Shah  marddn: 
a  king  of  men. 

shSihid.  Arab.  A  witness ;  a  man  who  attests 
his  faith  by  dying  for  it ;  a  martyr.  Mati  sh, : 
martyrdom.    Also  shahtd. 


"j^ 


v^ 


Km^LijZt 


X 


ir* 


shajrah.  Arab.  Pedigree,  genealogical  tree ; 
v.  sejarah.  Shajratu'l-wak  :  a  tree  the  leaves 
of  which  are  living  men  ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

sharab.      Arab.     Drink,  strong  drink,  wine. 

sharbat.     Arab.     Wine,  sherbet,  drink. 

sharat.  Arab.  Article  or  clause  in  a  contract ; 
Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  8. 

shara'.  Arab.  Hiikum  shara' :  the  Law  of 
God ;  Muhammadan  Law. 

shurga.  [Skr.  swarga.]  Heaven.  Shtirga- 
loka  or  shurga-loga :  the  Hindu  or  Sanskrit 
heaven;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed.  Nantikan  sehaya 
di'piniu  shurga :  await  me  at  the  gate  of 
Heaven. 

shaiiyat.  Arab.  Divine  ceremonial  or  obser- 
vance ;  ritual ;  divine  law ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard., 
Ht.  Isk.  Dz.,  Ht.Md.  Hanaf. 

Sharif.     Arab.    A  title  of  nobiUty ;  noble. 
sharik.     Arab.  Partner,  associate. 


sharIkat 


[    434    ] 


SADIK 


^^  sharikat.  Arab.  Partnership;  association; 
society. 

ysbt    shatar.     Arab.     Silk. 
-^y«-i    shatranj.     Pers.    Chess. 

^Wfci  sha^ban.  Arab.  The  name  of  the  eighth 
month  of  the  Muhammadan  year.  It  is  also 
known  as  the  bulan  ruwah. 


jAA-i    sha^ir.     [Arab.    y»-^]     Poetry,  a  poem 
Vii    shughnL     Arab.     Care,  anxiety 


sha'iri.     Arab.   Poetic.     Abu  sh. :  a  father  of 
Poetry ;  a  great  poet ;  Bint.  Timor. 


l:^ 


^Ui 


Shufd'at.  Arab.  Intercession ;  intervention  ; 
assistance  by  intervention. 

shafakat.     Arab.    Sympathy,  fellow-feeling. 
shak.     Arab.    Doubt,  suspicion. 

shakar.  Pers.  Sugar.  Saperti  susu  dengan 
sh, :  like  milk  and  sugar;  harmoniously 
blending ;  Prov. 

shuktir.  Arab.  Thanks.  Beribu  sJu  :  a 
thousand  thanks ;  many  thanks. 

shams.  Arab.  The  sun.  Shams  wa'l-kamar  : 
**the  Sun  and  Moon;  "  a  common  superscrip- 
tion to  letters.  Dewata  sh. :  the  Sun-God, 
Phoebus ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  9. 

shamsiyah.  Arab.  Solar.  Tahmi  sh. :  the 
solar  year. 

shamshlr.     Pers.     Sword,  bayonet. 

shaw&l  or  shawwal.  Arab.  The  name  of 
the  tenth  month  of  the  Muhammadan 
year  ; — ^also  known  as  bulan    hart   raya   kechil. 


J 


r 


shahadat.  Arab.  Evidence ;  testimony ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Mard.  Jari  sh, :  the  index-finger. 
Cf.  shahid, 

Shahbandar.  Pers.  Harbour-master;  a 
Malay  official  controlling  trade  and  shipping  ; 
Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  13  ;  the  Master  Attendant,  at 
Singapore.  Also  shaikh  bandar;  Ht.  Pg. 
Ptg.  (in  two  places). 

shahdan.  Arab.  Further,  furthermore ;  the 
facts  are  as  follows, — an  expression  often 
used  for  opening  a  paragraph. 

shahr.     Arab.     The  moon. 

shahmura.  A  weapon  mentioned  in  the  Ht. 
Hamza,  p.  79. 

shahwat.  Arab.  Voluptuous  sensation. 
Menambahkan  sh. :  to  increase  voluptuous 
feeling, — an  expression  often  used  in 
describing  Aphrodisiacs. 

shahid.  Arab.  A  witness  to  the  truth  of 
the  Faith,  a  martyr.  Matt  sh. :  to  die  in  a 
Holy  War. 

shaikh.  Arab.  A  title  of  nobility.  Shaikh 
itti  keturunan  daripada  sahdbat — sahdbat  rasul 
Allah:  a  Shaikh  is  a  man  who  is  descended 
from  one  of  the  Companions  of  the  Prophet 
of  God;  Pel.  Abd.,  18. 

Shaikh  is   often  used  for    shah^  q.  v. ;    e.  g.  : 
Hikdyat  Shaikh  Marddn :  a  name  often  given 

to  the  Ht.    Shah    Mardan :   shaikh  bandar^=: 
shah  bandar;  etc. 


Shaitan.     Arab.     Satan  ;  a  devil. 

shaitani.     Arab.      Satanic ;     originating  with, 

or   connected  with,    the   Devil ;    Ht,    Hamz., 
82. 


O'K.Zs    shin.     The   name  of  the  letter  ^Jt. 


u^ 


U^ 


The  letter  sat  or  sad ;  the  fifteenth  letter  of 
the  Malay  Alphabet ;  the  equivalent  for  the 
number  90  in  the  abjad,  q.  v. 


*  l^    s4bun.      Arab.    Soap;    white,    of    crockery, 
Orang  s.  :  an  albino. 


*j\^    sat.     The  name  of  the  letter  ^j^. 


.-.-*>*w?    sahib.     Arab.     Lord,  owaier,  possessor.      Sd- 

hibuH'hikdyat :  the  writer,  the  author  of  the 
story;  the  first  person  singular  when  used  by  an 
author  ;  =  tuwaii  yang  empunya  cheritera  ini. 

J>U!?    si,d.     Arab.     The  name  of  the  letter  ^J^. 
lA^    S^dik.     Arab.     Upright;  worthy;  true. 


SUBOH 


[    435    ] 


DLA'tP 


tr 


j\,^ 


<.W 


AijJ^ 


A^X^> 


..Ju^ 


L^i 


Lrlr^ 


SUboh*  [Arab.  sw6/?.]  The  dawn.  Sembah- 
yang  s, :  morning  prayer. 

sabar.  Arab.  Patient,  patience,  forbearance. 
Sabar4ah  dahulu :  be  patient  awhile.  Sabarkan  : 
to  bear  with ;  to  put  up  with. 

sah.  Arab.  Approved,  admissible  ;  authentic; 
effective ;  an  expression  used  in  playing  chess 

when  check  is  given.    See  <*-' 

sahabat.  Arab.  Friend.  Bersahdbat :  to  be 
friendly  with.  S.  beta^  or  S.  kita  :  an  expres- 
sion used  as  a  pronoun  of  the  second  person 
in  epistolary  correspondence  between  official 
equals.     S.  rastU  Allah:  the  Companions  of 

the    Prophet,   «. ^.,     Abu   bakr,    'Omar,   'AH, 
etc. ;  Ht.  Abus.,  9. 

SUhbat.     Arab.     Friendship. 

sihat.     Arab.  Health,  good  condition,  fitness. 

sahih.  Arab.  True,  clear,  accurate ;  correct ; 
"Sh.  Ul.,  25. 

sadar.  Arab.  Chest,  breast ;  the  fore-part 
or  beginning  of  anything. 

sadariyah.  Arab.  A  kind  of  vest  worn  by 
a  haji, 

sSdekah.      [Arab,  sadakat,]      Alms,  voluntary 

acts  of  charity,  gifts  to  devotees  and  religious 
mendicants. 

sadik.  Arab.  Upright;  true,  of  friendship; 
trusty. 

surahl.  Arab.  A  flask  or  decanter  with 
a  long  neck  and  broad  body ;  a  vessel  for  rose- 
water.     In  Malay,  often  written  J^r'' 


4jUP 


sirSit.     Sirdttri'tmistakhn :    the     Bridge     over 

Hell ;  the  razor-edged  bridge  over  which  the 
True  Believer  passes  into  Heaven. 

saraf.     [Arab,  sarf.]     Change,  the  changing 

of  coin.  ^Ilnm'S'Saraf:  the  art  of  inflection; 
grammar. 

saghir.     Arab,     Small,  of  little  importance. 

saf.    Arab.    Row,  rank.     Bersaf,  or  bersaf-saf: 

in  rows ;  pressing  on,  row  after  row,  of  an  at- 
tacking army.  Berdiri-lah  bersaf-saf  inengadap 
nob  at :  they  stood  in  rows  before  the  royal 
drums;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  130. 

safar.  Arab.  The  name  of  the  second  month 
of  the  Muhammadan  year. 

sifat,  Arab.  Attribute;  quality  pertaining; 
feature.     See  sipai, 

safi.     Arab.     Pure,    clean,    upright;     (fern.) 

safiyah,     ^, 

salawat.  [Arab.,  plur.  of  Cj!:>U>.]  Prayers; 
the  repeated  invocation  of  God.  Salawdtkan: 
to  pray. 

salla.     SalV  Allahu 'alaihi   wa's-sallama  :  God 

give  him  peace  ! — an  interjectional  phrase  used 
after  the  name  of  the  Prophet.  For  brevity's 
sake  the  initial  letters  of  the  different  words 
are  often  written  instead  of  the  full  phrase,  e.g, 

saltb.     Arab.     Cross ;  a  crucifix. 

samim.     Arab.     Pure,  unalloyed,  unmixed. 

sawab.    Arab.    The  exact  truth.  Wa'llahu'alam 

bi'S'Sawdb :  God  knoweth  the  exact  truth, — a 
common  termination  to  a  statement  of  a  case. 

sftf,  Arab.  Woollen  cloth,  camelot ; — a  cloth 
often  mentioned  in  romances. 


u^ 


^  The  letter  dial  or  dldd ;  the  sixteenth  letter 
of  the  Malay  Alphabet ;  the  equivalent  of  the 
number  800  in  the  abjad,  q.  v. 

^^  dlat.  A  name  for  the  letter  o^. 
3ui  dl&d.  A  name  for  the  letter  ^js>, 
-tu^    dlubu^     Arab.     Hysena. 


^    dluha.     Arab.     The  forenoon.     Usually  pro- 
nounced by  Malays  loha  and  dloha, 

"^J^    dlarab.     Arab.     To  strike  ;  to  multiply. 

^A2/^    dlarlirat.     Arab.     Compulsion,  force,  neces- 
sity.     Often  corrupted  by  Malays  to  gUora. 

dla^if.     Arab.     Weak,  emaciated,  frail. 


DLAliALAT 


[    436    ] 


TLOHOR 


4)^^    dlalS,lat.      Arab.       Deception,      misleading, 
leading  astray. 

4-^    dlammah.     Arab.    The  name  of  a  vowel  point, 


written  like  a  small  wau,  i,  e,  j ;  it  represents 
the  sound  of  a  short  a.  Among  Malays  it  is 
best  known  as  the  baris  di-hadapan. 


i» 


U^    tS,.     The  name  of  the  letter  i» 


The  letter  td ;  the  seventeenth  letter  of  the 
Malay  alphabet ;  the  equivalent  of  the  number 
9  in  the  Abjad^  q,  v. 


L?? 


Us>    tabak.     Arab,     A   presentation -tray ;    a  gift. 
r,  mas:,  a  golden  tray;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  91. 

See  ^}o. 


•j^lU    t^^^-     Arab.     A  pestilence. 


u-^wOP 


t&^at.     Arab.       Obedience,       submissiveness, 
worship  of  God. 

tfiihir.     Arab.     Clean,    pure,    undefiled,     un- 
sullied ;  a  proper  name. 

tMf.     Arab.    A  patrol,  a  night-watch ;  circu- 
lating, going  round. 

tabal.     Arab.     A  drum,  a  kettledrum  used  at 

the    installation   or    coronation   of  a   Malay 
ruler. 

Tabalkan  :   to   instal  as  ruler  ;  to  proclaim 
ruler  by  beat  of  drum  ;  to  raise  to  the   throne. 

tabib.     Arab.       A      physician,       a      doctor. 
Behasa  t.  :  medical  diction. 


tabi'at.     Arab.     Natural  disposition,  charac- 
*ter. 

taraf.     [Arab,  tarf.]    Border,  edge,  extremity, 
limit,  frontier. 

ta^am.     Arab.     Food,  meal. 

talak.     Arab.     Divorce,  repudiation  of  a  wife. 

Stivat  t. :  a  formal  letter  of  divorce  given  by  a 
man  to  a  woman  to  define  her  position.  The 
third  taldk  renders  a  divorce  permanent, 
preventing  remarriage  except  through  the  use 
of  a  mnhallil. 


Ji>    tama.     Arab.     Covetousness,  greed. 


tawdf.     Arab.      Procession     round,     walking 

round, — used    especially   of  the    processions 
round  the  Ka^abah. 


j3ys>    ttlba.     Arab.     Blessing. 

jjviji^    tufan.     Arab.     A    tempest,    a    hurricane,    a 
deluge.     Usually  pronounced  tofan. 


tauL     Arab.     Enduring,  lasting,  long  in  dura- 
tion. 


j^    tair.     Arab.     Bird  ;  flying ;  levity  of  mind. 


ii 


ii  The  letter  tld ;  the  eighteenth  letter  of  the 
Malay  alphabet;  the  equivalent  for  the  number 
900  in  the  Abjad,  q.v. 

Ui    tlsL.     The  name  of  the  letter  tld. 

Jlii    tl§,lim.     Arab.     A  tyrant,  oppressive. 

jbUi    tlahir.     Arab.      Clear,   open,    manifest;   the 
'^  revealed  in  contradistinction  to  the  unknown. 


> 


> 


tlil.  Arab.  Shadow.  Tlil  Allah  ft' l-*dlam : 
the  shadow  of  God  upon  earth ;  a  name  given 
to  great  potentates,  especially  to  the  Sultan  of 
Turkey.  This  title  was,  however,  applied  to 
Queen  Victoria  in  the  Diamond  Jubilee 
Addresses. 


tlohor.     Arab.     Midday,  noon.    Waktu  tL:  id. 
Usually  pronounced  lohor  and  dhohor. 


'AIN 


[    437     ] 


'IZRA'IL 


t 


p      The  letter  *am ;  the   nineteenth   letter  of  the 
^     Malay  Alphabet ;  the  equivalent  for  the  number 
70  in  the  ahjad,  q.  v. 

-XivP*    'abid.     Arab.     God-serving,  good,  virtuous. 


©3\p  'fi,dat.  Arab.  Custom;  customary  law;  un- 
written law ;  etiquette,  the  laws  of  courtesy 
or  society.  Tiyada  tahti  ^ddat :  not  to  be  con- 
versant with  the  manners  of  good  society;  to 
be  boorish.  *Adat  sediya  kala:  immemorial 
usage;  old  customs. 

Aiiak    china    bertimbang   viadat 

Dari  mengkasar  langsong  ka-DUi ; 

Hidop   di'dtmya    biyar   ber^ddat ; 
Behasa    tidak   di-juwal   belt : 

as  long  as  we  live  let  us  be  courteous,  manners 
are  not  for  purchase  or  sale. 

M-Xp  '§,diL  Arab.  Just,  impartial,  fair.  Hnkum 
yang  'ddil :  a  just  decision.  'Adil  baginda  itu  : 
the  justice  of  that  monarch.  Nnshirwdn  'ddil  : 
Nushirvan  the  Just,  a  famous  monarch  of 
ancient  Persia,  often  mentioned  in  Malay 
romance. 

\^j\p  ^arif.  Arab.  Knowing,  intelligent,  sagacious. 
*Artf  bijaksana :  wise  and  prudent.  'Arif 
johari ;  wise  and  charming. 

^J^vP    ^Ashik.     Arab.     In  love  ;   inflamed  with  love  ; 

amorous.     'Ashik  berahi :  id.;  the   passion  of 
love. 


•  '\       ^afiyat.     Arab.      Health,    convalescence,    re- 
-  ^      covery  from  illness,     Sihat  dan  'dfiyat :  health 

generally. 

]\p    ^fl,lam.    Arab.    The  world,  the  Universe.    Shah 
r  'dlam  :  ruler  of  the  world ;  king  of  kings,  as  a 

title    of    respect   in    addressing   a   monarch. 

'A  lam  jagat:  the  Universe.     Yang  menjadikan 

*dlam  :  who  created  the  Universe;  Creator  of 

the  world. 


j\p    ^alim.  Arab.     Learned.   Orang'dlim:  a  ledivned 
r  man, 

t^Vp    'g,li.     Arab.     High,  exalted. 

OvP-    '&liyat.     Arab,     Exalted    position,  elevation, 
dignity. 


/»\p    ^am.     Arab.     Year, 

^  vP    ^dmm.    Arab.  Concerning  all ;  public,  general. 
Orang yang  ^  dmm  :  the  multitude. 

^vP-    ^ammat.     Arab.     The  multitude;  the  masses. 

-r^V^    'alb.     Arab.     Defect,    flaw,    fault,    discredit; 


As- 


S^U 


JuP 


.\i 


Op 


'ibad.     Arab.     Slaves;   the  plural  of  JuP^  q.  v. 


'ibadat.     Arab.     Adoration  of   God,    prayer, 
divine  service. 


'ibarat.  Arab,  Example,  explanation,  gloss, 
commentary.  Saperti  Hbdrat,  or  laksana  Hbdrat : 
as,  for  instance. 

'  abdi.     Arab.    A  slave. 

'ajaib.  Arab.  Miracles,  prodigies,  the  plural 
of    ^ajibat;  (by  extension  )  miraculous. 

^ajab.  Arab.  Wonderful,  strange;  to  wonder. 
^ajam.  Arab.  Persian.  Betmwa  'ajani:  Persia, 
'adalat.  Arab.  Justice,  judicial  impartiality. 
^ad&wat.     Arab.    Enmity,  hostility,  hatred. 

^adzS»b.  Arab.  Pain,  torture.  *Adzdbsangsara: 
id. 


J 


J^    'udzur.     Arab.     Excuse  ;  to  accept  an  excuse. 


^arab.  Arab.  Arabian,  Arabic,  Arab,  Behasa 
^arab  :  the  Arabic  language. 

^arash.  Arab.  Throne,  the  throne  of  God,  a 
division  of  highest  Heaven  ;  Bust,  Sal.. 

^aradl.  Arab.  Hindrance,  obstruction,  stumb- 
ling block. 

'artidl.    Arab.    Poetry, 

^az2Sa.  Arab.  Being  honoured  ;  in  honour  ; 
in  power.  'Azza  w  a  J  alia  :  honoured  and  illus- 
trious ;   God. 

'izrSi'il.  Arab.  Azrael ;  the  custodian  of  Death. 


55 


'AZAL 


[    438    ] 


'UMRAH 


'aisal.    [Arab.    *azL]    Dismissal,     deposition ; 
to  dismiss. 

'azam.     [Arab,  'aznu]    Firm,    resolution,   re- 
solve, design,  plan. 

'izzat.     Arab.     Honour,  majesty,  dignity. 


'azlz.     Arab.    Powerful,     mighty,    honoured, 
beloved. 

^aztmat.   Arab.    An  amulet,  a  talisman,  a  spell, 
a  written  charm. 


^p^-P    ^askar.     Arab.     Soldier,  army. 

\js-    'ishS,.     Arab.     The  early  part  of  the  evening . 
Sembahyang  Hshd :  early  evening  prayer. 

'ishk.     Arab.     Love;    the    passion    of  love. 

This  word  is  often  confused  with  its 
adjectival  form  'dshik, 

'asabat.     Arab.     Hereditary  portion,  inherit- 
ance. 

'asar.     Arab.     The    afternoon.      Sembahyang 
'asar:  the  afternoon  prayer. 

*ut4rik.     Arab.   The  planet  Mercury.    Bintang 
'utdrik :  id. 

*atar.     Arab.     **  Otto"  of  roses. 

^atlamat.     Arab.     Greatness,    majesty,  awe- 
inspiring.     Terlalu    ^atlamat    hunyi-nya :    with 
awe-inspiring  sound. 
Pronounced  adhmat, 

^atlim.     Arab.     Grand,  august,  sublime. 
Often  pronounced  a'adhtm. 

'afrit  or  *ifrit.     Arab.     An  evil  spirit. 
'uM.b.     Arab.     The   eagle. 

'akad.     Arab.      Knot,     contract,      tying    to- 
gether. 

*akaL      Arab.      Intelligence,    understanding, 

power  of  comprehension.  'A.  btidi  :  id.  *A, 
iibi :  potato-like  intelligence ;  intelligence 
which  developes  in  time  of  apparent  repose 
and  which  does  not  *'rust''  through  disuse. 
Hilang  *^.  ;  loss  of  self-possession ;  loss  of 
presence  of  mind.  Menchari  'a, :  to  devise 
means  (for  doing  anything).  ^A.  bdligh : 
maturity;  years  of  discretion.  Panjam^gJa.: 
cunning,  artfulness,  Bef^akal :  intelligent, 
clever,  cunning,  artful. 

iJBs-    ^aktk.     Arab*     The  cornelian  (stone). 


C-xWW^t^ 


-/^^ 


ijlW 


> 


> 


'aMkat.     Arab.     Hair  of  the  newborn.     Hart 

bev'aktkat :  the  Feast  of  the  Haircutting ;  the 
day  when  a  child*s  head  is  shaved  for  the 
first  time. 

'akas.     Arab.     Reversal,  turning  topsy  turvy. 
Dhigan  *akas  :   inverted,  upside  down. 

'ala'.     Arab.     High,  exalted. 


'alamat.  Arab.  Sign,  signal,  mark,  token, 
device.  Tanda  'a. :  id.  'A .  surat :  the  address 
on  a  letter,  Mata  'a, :  the  bulPs  eye  in  a 
target ; — usually  contracted  to  mata  lamat, 
Bahuwa  ini4ah  ^aldniat  surat  datang :  this  is  a 
sign  that  the  letter  has  arrived,  i,  e,,  I  have 
to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your  letter. 

'  alam.     Arab.     Standard,  flag,  banner. 

'  ilmu.  Arab.  Knowledge,  science ;  divi- 
nation, sorcery.  'Ilmu  bintang:  astronomy. 
'  I,  hitongan  or  *  i.  kira-kira  :  arithmetic.  '  /. 
penundok  mnsoh  :  the  ( magic )  art  of  reducing 
one's  enemies  to  subjection.  *  J.  hikmat :  a 
magic  art  of  any  sort ;  magical  practices. 
Memhtiwat  H. :  the  practice  of  the  Black  Art. 

Ber'Umii :  wise ;  learned  ;  erudite. 

'  ulama.  Arab.  The  learned,  the  wise ;  the 
plural  of    ^dlim. 

'  ilat.     Arab.     Disease,  calamity,  misfortune. 

^  ala.  Arab.  On,  upon,  according  to.  ' A  lathi  : 
to  him,  on  him.  '  Alaikimi :  to  you;  upon 
you.  'Ala  kadar-nya  :  within  the  limits  of  his 
power  ;  to  the  extent  of  his  ability. 


^ali.     Arab.    Champion  ;   a  proper  name ;   the 
name  of  Muhammad's  son-in-law. 


aJ^-    'alaihi.     Arab.     With  him,  on  him. 


^alaikum.    Arab.    Attached  to,  united  to,  with. 
As-saldm  ^alaikum  :  peace  be  with  you  ! 


j-P  *tlinar.  Arab.  A  proper  name ;  the  name  of  the 
second  of  the  Caliphs, — Omar. 

S"  'rnnur.  I.  Arab.  Life,  the  duration  of  life,  age. 
*  Umur-nya  berapa  tahun :  how  old  is  he  ?  *  Umur- 
nya  dnwa  bclas  tahun  :  he  is  twelve  years  of  age. 
Sa-'iimur  hidop  :  as  long  as  (he)  lives.  Pengha- 
bisan  'umur :  the  close  of  life.  Panjang  *umur: 
length  of  life;  long  life. 

H.  'Umur  may  a:  (Penang)  cunning;  the 
cunning  of  *Umar  Ummaiya,  the  Ulysses  of 
the  Hikayat  Hamza, 

tjSr  'umrah.  [Arab,  'umrat.]  The  pilgrimage 
to  Mecca  when  spoken  of  as  an  unfulfilled 
religious  duty. 


*AMAL 


[    439    ] 


NGADAH 


AJP    'amal.     Arab.    A  pious  work  or  action  ;  a  good 
or  deserving  work. 

z^S'S'    'inS,yat.     Arab.     Support,  help. 

'anbar.     Arab.     Ambergris.     See  ambar. 


Xs^    'inda.     Arab.     By. 


yiu;;,    ^unsur.     x\rab.     An      element;    one     of    the 
elemental  substances  of  nature. 


*j\*p.    'awan.     Arab.  Helper,  assistant;  the  helpers  of 
-^       Muhammad;  help.     - 


OjaP    'tirat.     Arab.     The  pudendum   muliebre.    Also 
( less  common )  the  membrum  virile, 

XS'    'aiy&r.     Arab.     A  swindler,  a  cheat;  Ht.  Ism. 
Yat. 


*aib.  Arab.  A  fault,  a  flaw,  a  defect,  a  vice,  a 
source  of  shame.  Mimberi  *aib  :  to  put  to 
shame,  to  disgrace. 


esus.     Nabi  %sa  :  id. 


^e-^    ^isa.     Arab.     J 


{y*S-    'ain.     I.     Arab.    The    eye.    'Ainu  H-bandt :  a 
valuable  cloth  ;  v.  bandt, 

II.     The  name  of  the  letter  c.. 


t 


t 


The  letter  ghain  ;  the  twentieth  letter  of  the 
Malay  Alphabet;  the  equivalent  for  the  number 
1,000  in  the  abjad,  q.  v. 


ghalib,         Arab, 
prevailing. 


Victorious,      overcoming, 


ghsinl.  Arab.  Rich,  powerful.  'AbduH-ghdni : 
the  "slave  of  the  Almighty":  a  well-known 
Muhammadan  name. 

gh§,lb.  Arab.  Hidden,  concealed,  obscure. 
Rijdlu  H-ghdtb  :  spirits  presiding  over  good  and 

evil  fortune ;   v,     \\^    .      Ghdib-lah    iya :     he 

vanished ;    he    disappeai'ed.      Perkataan  yang 
ghdib  :  obscure  or  mysterious  words. 


ghubur,    Arab. 
ghur&b.     Arab. 


To  remain  behind  ;   to  loiter. 
A  sloop. 


gharib.     Arab.      Foreign,  strange  ;  a  foreigner, 
a  stranger. 

ghasal.    Arab.     Religious  ablutions,  cleansing, 
bathing. 


Up 


ghaflir.  Arab.  Very  forgiving,  very  merciful 
(of  God).  Yd  ghafuru'r-rahim :  oh  most 
forgiving  and  merciful  one  ! — a  common 
superscription  to  letters. 

ghulam.  Arab.  A  youngster,  a  boy,  a  young 
slave.  Hikdyat  gh,:  a  Malay  Romance  practi- 
cally identical  with  the  Hikayat  Bakhtiyar, 

ghalat.     Arab.     Error,  mistake,  oversight, 

ghuluf.     Arab.     Uncircumcised;  v.  kulup, 

ghali.     Eur.     A   galley  (ship). 

ghaliyas.     Eur.     A  galleass  ;  a  large  galloon. 

ghaib.     Arab.     Hidden,  secret. 

ghair.     Arab.     Bighair  :  but,  =  melainkan, 

ghairat.     Arab.     Delight,  rapture,  fervour. 

ghilat.  Arab.  Making  an  unexpected 
predatory  attack. 


O^    ghain.     Arab,    The  name  of  the  letter  k  . 


The  letter  ngd ;  the  twenty-first  letter  of 
the  Malay  Alphabet ;  the  equivalent  for  the 
number  4,000  in  the  abjadf  q.  v. 


\jp    nyS..     The  name  of  the  letter  k , 


^\p    ngada.     Mngada-ngada :    to    be  boastful   or 
puffed  up  with  conceit ;  Sh.  K.  G.  T.,  2. 

t>\p    ngadah.    Mengadah :  to     took    up ;  to    face 
upwards.  See  tengadah. 


NGABONG 


[    440    ] 


NGIYAU 


ngarong.  Mengarong :  to  growl,  of  a  dog 
growling ;  to  snarl.    Cf.  mengerang, 

nganga.  Open,  agape, — of  the  mouth. 
Ngangakan  and  mengangakan  :  to  keep  (the 
mouth)  wide  open  ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.  ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.;  Sej.  MaL, 68, 153,  Ternganga:  agape; 
wide  open, — of  the  jaws  ;  Sh.  K,  G.  T.,  11. 

ngangut.  I.  Doting,  moping,  pining  ;  lack  of 
spirit,   Cf.  ngongak. 

11.   Mengangut:  to  mumble  ;  Kl. 

ngapa.  Why,  for  what  reason  ;  =  mengapa. 
See  apa, 

ngalir.  To  flow ;  a  variant  of  mengalir.  See 
s.  V.   alir. 


ngali.     An  edible  salt-water  fish  (unidentified). 


ngaung.     Mengaung  :  (Onom.)  to  resound,  to 
re-echo, — of  a  cavern. 


ngut.     Ngtit-ngut:  moping  ;=  ngangut. 


Kjr*^    ngSras.    Jav.    Sour,  rancid;    (by    metaphor) 
unpleasant  generally,  dirty,  mean ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


ngdrailg.     Mmgcmng :  to    cry  out  with  pain  ; 
Sh.  Peng.,  17 ;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,   18.    Cf.  erang. 


nggrong  and  nggring.  (Onom.)  The  sound 
of  the  crash  of  brass  instruments,  gongs,  etc. 
Segala  bunyi-bunyiyan  yang  di-atas  perarakan 
itu-pun  di'palu  orang-lah  ngerong-ngering  bunyi- 
nya :  the  instruments  of  music  on  the 
processional  car  struck  up,  making  a  ringing 
clanging  noise  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 


o^ 


^J" 


ngeran.  I.  Displeasure,  anger,  irritation.  Ng, 
hati  ;  id.  Demi  Januwaii-pun  ngeran4ah  menen- 
gar  kata  itu :  Yajnawati  was  displeased  at 
hearing  those  words  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Hati-ku 
makin  ngeran  pula  rasa-nya  :  I  feel  still  more 
angry ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  35.  Also  pronounced 
ngerin  and  ngerun, 

II.    Fear,  timidity  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Cf.  gemn. 

ngSri.  Terrible;  causing  one  to  shudder; 
causing  extreme  fear ;  panic.  Dahashat  dan  ngeri  : 
fear  and  panic ;  Bint.  Timor,  14  March,  1895. 
Ngeri  rasa-nya  melihat  diya :  feeling  panic- 
stricken  at  the  sight ;  Ht.  Best.  KUahman-nya 
terlalu  ngeri :  their  behaviour  was  one  i  of 
extreme  terror ;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  10. 

ngSriyap.  MSngeriyap :  to]  swarm.  Cf.  meriyap, 
from  riyap. 


wJlP 


ngeng.  An  exclamation  for  driving  away 
dogs. 

nging.     (Onom.)     A  tinkling  sound. 

ngSngap.  Panting,  gasping  for  breath  ;=:ngap- 
ngap, 

ngap.  Ngap-ngap  :  (Onom.? )  catching  at  one*s 
breath,  gasping ;  panting  as  a  fish  out  of  water. 

ngek.     Ngok-ngeky  or  ngek-ngek  :  to  be  sickly, 

to  droop.  Ngok-ngek  bagai  rumput  di4engah 
jalan  :  drooping  like  grass  in  the  middle  of  the 
road,  which  revives  only  to  be  trodden  under 
foot  again ;  Prov. 

ngok.     See  ngek. 

ngSlana.  Jav.  To  wander;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.; 
=mengelana  from  kelana,  q.  v. 

ngelu.  Aching, — of  the  head ;  dizziness,  light- 
headedness, headache. 

nggmbara  orngumbara.  Jav.  To  wander; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg,  ;=:mengembara  or  mengnmbara, 
from  kumbara,  q.  v. 

nggmam.     Frightened,  alarmed ;  Marsd. 

ngening.  Stiff;  tightly  stretched, — of  the  skin 
over  an  inflamed  part. 

ngimgap.     To  pant, — after  running.  Cf.  ngap. 

ngongak.  Dull  and  inattentive  through  old  age ; 
doting.  Also  pronounced  ngo'ngak. 

ngungam.  (Kedah.)  To  mutter;  to  grumble 
unintelligibly  (of  an  angry  or  sulky  man).  Also 
jnungam. 

ngah.  Half,  intermediate ;  an  abbreviation  or 
variant  of  tengah.  Tengku  ngah  :  a  title  given 
to  the  second  or  third  of  a  princely  family  of 
three. 

Ngah  is  a  common  timang-timangan  or 
familiar  appellative  given  to  the  second,  third, 
or  fourth  child  in  a  family ;  v.  timang. 

ngeh,  I.  (Onom.)  Quick,  short  breathing;  a 
variant  of  engeh,  q.  v. 

II.  (Onom.)  To  blow  one's  nose  in  the 
native  way.     Also  esang,  q.  v. 

^jSmP    ngekek.     (Onom.)    GiggUng  laughter. 

5*-p    ngilu.     The  sensation  of    the  teeth  being  "  on 
edge." 

^    ngiyau.     Mengiyau:    (Onom.)  to  mew, — of  a 
cat;  Ht.  Abd.,  206. 


oil 


M 


I    & 


AP 


PA 


[    441    ] 


PIKIR 


V — 9  The  letter  fd;  the  twenty- second  letter  of 
the  Malay  Alphabet ;  the  alphabetical  symbol 
for  the  number  80  in  the  abjad,  q.  v. 

^    fS,.     The  name  of  the  letter  ^  . 

4^\3    fatihah.       [Arab,    fdtihat.]       The    first    sura 
of  the  Koran. 


kSV 


\i    fgirsi.     Arab.    A  Persian;  Persian.    Bihasaf.  : 
the  Persian  language. 


a> 


,\i    f&rik.     Arab.     Discerning,  distinguishing. 


^\3    fasik,    Arab.    Wicked,  worthless,  bad,  morally 
unsound. 


Mvi    fal.     Arab.     Fore-token,  omen,  augury 


■1> 


faldah.  [Arab,  fd'idat]  UtiHty,  profit, 
advantage,  gain. 

fathah.       [Arab,      fathat.]       The  name  of  a 

vowel  point  ( '')  usually  known  to  Malays  as  the 

baris   di-atas, 

fitnah.  [Arab,  fitnaf.]  Malice,  slander, 
calumny,  malicious  report.  Kena  /.  :  to  be 
the  victim  of  calumny. 

fatwa.  Arab.  Legal  decision,  ruling,  answer 
of  a  Mufti  on  a  point  of  law.     See  pettiwa. 

fajar.  Arab.  Dawn,  daybreak.  F,  menyeng- 
seng :  the  break  of  day ;  the  day  "drawing  up" 
the  curtain  of  night  from  the  sky. 

firasat.  Arab.  Countenance.  'Ilnm  firdsat  : 
the  art  of  telling  character  by  the  face.  The 
word  is,  however,  used  loosely  of  a  book  of 
horoscopes;  e.  g.,  Kti  lihat  di-dalam  firdsat-kti : 
I  have  read  in  my  horoscopic  works ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.  See  also  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  149.  Often 
written  firdshat, 

faraidl.  Arab.  Observances;  the  plural  of 
faradl,  q.  v. 

faraj.  Arab.  Pudendum.  The  word  is  used 
in  Malay  scientific  books  almost  exclusively 
of  the  pudendum  muliebre  in  contradistinction 
to  dzakar,  the  membrum  virile, 

firdaus.  Pers.  Paradise;  the  abode  of  the 
fairies  (pBri). 

farsl.     Arab.     Persian  :  a  variant  offdrst,  q.  v. 


0^> 


if 


farsanj.  Pers.  A  farasang;  a  measure  of 
length  about  equal  to  five  miles. 

faradl.  Arab.  A  religious  observance  obli- 
gatory upon  Muhammadans;  obligatory,  in 
contradistinction  to  optional ;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf., 
57.     Often  pronounced /<^r^//^. 

firman.  Arab.  Order,  command;  the  com- 
mands of  God ;  the  word  of  God,  as  having 
the  force  of  a  command.  Saperti  firman  A  llah 
ta  ^ala  di-dalam  Kurdn  :  in  accordance  with  the 

word  of  God  (as  revealed)  in  the  Koran.   Befir- 
mdn  :  to  utter,  to  speak  (of  God  speaking  only). 

furiin.      [Arab,  furn,]     Oven,  furnace. 

farangl.  Pers.  A  Frank,  a  European; 
European.     Usually  perenggi,  q.  v. 

fasal.  [Arab.  fasL]  Paragraph,  article,  sec- 
tion, minor  subdivision  of  a  treatise  or  writing; 
cf.  bdb.  The  word  is  also  often  used  as  an 
equivalent  of  sebab,  reason.  Apa  fasal :  why, 
how.     F.  itu :  therefore,  for  that  reason. 

fasth.  Arab.  Eloquent.  Lidah'nyaf,:hewQ.s 
eloquent ;  he  had  a  persuasive  tongue. 

fasihat.  Arab.  Eloquence,  facility  or  readi- 
ness of  speech. 

fadltall.  Arab.  Caring  for,  being  concerned 
about ; — usually  corrupted  to  pedidi,  q.  v. 

fidlat.     Arab.     Silver.     Pijn. 

fltrat.  Arab.  Offerings  of  rice  made  to 
mosque  officials  after  the  bulan  ptiwasa  or  fast- 
ing month. 

futlir.     Arab.     To  observe  the  fast. 

fa^al.  Arab.  Deed,  work,  behaviour,  conduct. 
Usually  pronounced  fe'el.  Fa^aUnya  saperti 
penchuri :  he  behaved  as  a  thief ;  his  conduct 
was  like  that  of  a  thief. 


Ai?    fakat.     Better  muwafakat^  q.  v. 

^JLi  fakir.  Arab.  A  mendicant.  Segala  fakir  dan 
misktn  :  the  poor  generally. 

<uJi  fakih.  Arab.  Learned  in  the  law;  a  man 
versed  in  the  (Muhammadan)  law,  a  doctor  of 
law  or  theologian. 

^  fikir.  [Arab,  fikr.]  Thought,  thoughtful 
attention ;  see  pikir. 


PUKl&B 


[    442    ] 


PATEK 


.Si    fuklir.     Arab.     Who  thinks   much;  contem- 
^^         plative.     Tefukur :  musing,  plunged  in  thought, 
in  a  reverie.     Usually  pronounced  tipekor, 

'v)^    fulan,      Arab.      A  certain  person;  so-and-so. 
^  Si-ftildn  (pronounced   si-polan) :    so-and-so  ;  = 

si-anu. 

^\i    falak.     Arab.     'IlmuH-falak :  astrology. 
t- 

\j^  faiad,'.  Arab.  Mortal,  frail,  corrupt ;  to  perish. 
Mali  dan  fand :  *'  died  and  perished '' ;  a  strong 
form  of  mati ;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  17. 

fani.     Arab.     Perishable,     mortal ; — a   poetic 
variant  (Sh.  Panj.  Sg.)  oifanL 


^ 


^j^    fuwM.      Arab.      Heart;    the    seat     of     the 
feelings ;  =  haii, 

^    faham.     Arab.    Knowledge,  skill,  acquaintance 
r         with;  to  be  versed  in.     Usually  pronounced 
paham, 

^    fi.     Arab.     In,    at;  =  (Malay)    di,     Tlilu'llah 
jVl'^dlam :  Shadow  of  God  upon  (or  in)  earth. 

jA^    firuLZ.     Pers.     Triumphant,  conquering,  over- 
coming. 

*Jji/^    ftrAzah.     Pers.     A  turquoise ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat., 
17- 


U 


U 


The  letter  pd  ;  the  twenty-third  letter  of  the 
Malay  Alphabet ;  the  alphabetical  equivalent  of 
5,000  in  the  abjad,  q.  v, 

pa.     I.     The  name  of  the  letter^. 

11.  Hang  pa:  (Penang)  a  plural  form  to 
hang  (you) ;  the  second  person  plural  when 
emphasis  is  laid  on  the  fact  that  more  than 
one  person  is  meant. 


a  familiar  abbreviated  form   of 


^\5 


pa'.     Father; 
bapa^  q.  v. 

Pa'  belalang :  a  mythical  personage  famous 
for  his  luck ;  v.  belalang. 

Pa*  kadok  :  a  fool  pretending  to  be  learned. 
Pa'   ngah :    an    uncle  intermediate    in     age 
between  two  others. 
Pa'  pandir :  a  born  fool. 
Pa'  su :  youngest  uncl0. 

Pa'  tuwa,  pa'  uwa,  or  pa'wa  :  eldest   uncle ; 
an  uncle  older  than  one*s  father. 
Pa'  uda  :  an  uncle  younger  than  one'^  father. 
Pa'  yong:  v.    ^\^  ^ 

patut.      Suitability;  fitness;   appropriateness; 
suitable,  proper. 

Ta'-patnt :      improper,     unfair,      unsuitable. 
Dengan  tiyada  sa-patut-nya  :  id* ;  Ht.  AM.,  410. 
Patutan :   harmony,     suitability.      Bukan  p, : 
npt  right;  Sh.  Lamp.,  17. 

Berpatutan:  in  harmony,  Ht*  If»d.  Nata; 
proper,  fitting,  suitable,  Ht.  Abd.,  458. 

Birpatutkan  :  to  set  in  order,  to  tn^ke  up,  to 
dress  (a  person)  in  suitable  clothing.  Mema- 
tut:  id.  ;  Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Mima- 
tutkan :  id.;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata ;  Ht.  Abd.,  425. 
Mematutkan  jikalau  patut  iya  mati :  to  settle 
whether  it  was  right  that  he  should  be  put  to 
death;  Ht.  Abd.,  369, 


j^\^    patar.     A  wooden  rasp. 


t/^" 


;U 


£U 


gu 


vU 


^ 


^^ 


patdri.  Solder;  the  process  of  soldering 
metal  work.     Also  peteri, 

patixig.  I.  A  stone-hewer's  chisel.  Also 
pahat  pating, 

II.  A  peg;  a  word  used  especially  of  the 
pegs  driven  into  the  trunk  of  a  tree  to  assist 
climbing,  and  of  the  pegs  fitting  into  the 
gunwale  of  a  boat  to  support  a  temporary 
gunwale  or  rubing, 

patong,  I.  A  puppet ;  an  image ;  a  statue,  an 
idol.  Wayang  patong :  a  puppet  show.  Tarn- 
an  itu  ada  berpatong :  the  garden  had  statues 
in  it ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz.  Laksana  patong-patong 
lilin  :  like  a  waxen  image ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  50. 

Ernpama  patong :  statue-like,  statuesque ; —  a 
complimentary  simile;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  100. 

II.  A  fish  (unidentified) ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III., 
27.  Patong'patong :  an  insect  (unidentified). 
Mata  patong :  prominent  eyes ;  also  mata 
belalang, 

patok.     The    pecking   of  birds ;   the  bite  of  a 

snake,  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  100 ;  the  biting  of  fish 
at  a  bait,  Sh.  Dag.,  3.  Ayam  ta' -patok,  itek, 
ta'-sudu :  the  fowls  will  not  peck  at  it,  the  ducks 
will  not  spoon  it  up ;  a  thing  so  worthless  that 
no  one  will  look  at  it ;  Prov.  Sapirti  ayam  patok 
anak-nya  :  as  a  fowl  pecks  at  its  chickens ;  in 
love  not  in  anger;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  137. 

MematoL :  to  bite,  of  a  snake;  to  peck,  of  a  bird, 

Patok  is  also  used  (Ht.  Sh,  Mard.)    of  the 
bite  of  a  walimana,  q,  v. 
Cf.  pagut, 

patek.  I.  Humble  slave ;  a  term  of  self- 
depreciation  used  as  a  pronoun  of  the  first 
person  by  a  subject  when  addressing  a  prince; 
Ht.  Abd.,  2^0. 


PATIL 


[     443     ] 


PACHOK 


^^^ 


lT 


IL  PSnyakit  patch :  the  name  given  to?  a  skin 
disease,  the  symptoms  of  which  are  white  spots 
appearing  on  the  arms. 


patil.  I.  A  small  adze  for  roughly  planing 
what  has  been  hewn  by  a  heavy  hatchet.  Patil 
tarah :  id. 

II.     The  feeler  or  antenna  of  an  insect. 


A^    patam.     I.     A  tassel  or  pendant;  rIso  petam, 
r         q.  V. 

II.     Stopping  up  a  hole  (in  brass  work). 


;\>    patin.    An  edible  fresh-water  fish  (unidentified); 
Pel.  Abd.,  49- 


AjVI  patah.  I.  Fracture,  breakage,  snapping 
asunder.  The  word  is  used  of  the  fracture  of 
rigid  objects  which  cannot  be  put  together 
again  and  not  of  the  breaking  of  string,  etc. 
PiUus  tali  btileh  di-hubong,  patah  arang  sudah  sa- 
kali :  a  broken  thread  may  be  fastened  again, 
a  broken  piece  of  charcoal  is  broken  for  ever ; 
some  quarrels  may  be  made  up  but  others 
make  men  irreconcilable ;  Prov.  Patah  arang : 
irreconcilable.  Biyar  ular-nya  matt  dan  kayii 
tiyada  patah :  let  the  snake  be  killed  without 
the  stick  being  broken ;  do  things  as  cheaply 
as  possible ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  67. 

P.  bintang:  cracks  in  the  feet;  a  disease 
affecting  the  inner  side  of  the  central  portion  of 
the  sole  of  the  foot. 

Kayii  p.  tulang :  a  plant ;  euphorbia  tirucalliy  or 
moesa  ramentacea. 

Patahan :  a  broken  fragment,  e,  g.,  of  a  weapon ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  P.  bengkarong :  a  name  given 
to  the  sensation  of  cramp. 

Bevpatah-patahan :  in  fragments ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Nata, 

Mematahkan  :  to  break  to  pieces;  Sh.  Bid.,  57. 
Mulut  manis  mematahkan  tulang  :  gentle  words 
lead  to  bones  being  broken ;  men  are  ruined 
by  flattery;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  118. 

Patah  is  used  (by  metaphor)  of  a  line  of 
battle  being  broken  (patah perang)  ;  Ht.  Hamz., 
25.  It  is  also  used  as  a  numeral  coefficient 
for  words  or  sayings  or  pieces  of  advice  or 
items  of  information.  Tutor  sa-patah  :  a  single 
saying,  'Ilmn  sa-patah  tiyada  di-dada  :  without 
an  atom  of  knowledge  in  the  mind ;  Sh.  Ul.,  13. 
Sa-patah  pun  tiyada  tahu  bertutor  behasa  inggeris : 
he  did  not  know  a  single  word  of  English ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  9.     Hence,  perhaps,  patah  II. 

II.  Pematah  :  a  piece  of  warning  or  advice. 
Pepatah  and  pepatahan  :  id.  Mengikut  pematah 
orang  tuwa-tuwa :  to  follow  the  counsels  of  the 
aged ;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  27.  Pada pepatahan  orang 
tuwa-tuwa:  according  to  the  warnings  of 
experience  (literally,  of  the  old);  Ht.  Raj, 
Don.,  3. 

43U  PS'tih.  [Skr.  patih,]  A  minister ;  a  title  of 
exalted  rank.     Also  pati,  q.  v. 


JU 


pati.  1.  [Skr, pdtih,']  A  minister;  an  officer 
of  very  high  rank ;  a  title  used  as  a  component 
of  many  very  exalted  titles,  e.  g.,  adi-pati, 

II.  The  essence  of  anything ;  the  extract  or 
finest  portion  of  any  substance.  Pati  santan  : 
the  essence  of  the  coco-nut  pulp ;  what  is  left 
of  the  coco-nut  pulp  when  the  liquid  is  pressed 
out  of  it.  Pati  Melayu :  a  Malay  pur  sang ;  the 
true  Malay. 

III.  The  ancient  root  of  matt,  to  die.  Denda 
pati :  the  fine  for  manslaughter ;  the  wehrgeld. 


-U 


^^l^    pajar.     [Arab.     J.,  ]      Daybreak ;  see /^y^n 


d=^ 


o=^ 


U 


JT 


\l    pajak.     [Dutch  pacht?]     A  farm  or  monopoly 

of  a  business  or  industry.  Pajak  chandu  :  the 
Opium  Farm;  Ht.  Abd,,  232.  Pajak  gadai: 
the  Pawnbroking  Farm  ;  (by  extension)  a  pawn- 
broker's shop, 

Pajak  is  also  used  of  a  private  individual 
letting  out  the  profits  of  a  business  or  estate 
for  a  fixed  rent, 

pajan.  Memajan :  to  expose  oneself  to  the 
full  violence  of  anything  such  as  the  wind  or 
the  heat  of  the  sun  ;  KL,  v.  d.  W. 

pajoh.     Gluttonous  eating ;  guzzling. 

pachat.  The  common  (small)  leech  met  with 
in  jungles  and  swamps.  Pachat  hendak  menjadi 
ular :  the  leech  wants  to  become  a  serpent ; 
ill-regulated  ambition ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  148. 
Saperti pachat  w^/om/a^:  like  jumping  leeches; 
blood-suckers,  extortioners;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd., 
2og. 

■U    pachar.     I,     A  plant  (unidentified). 

II.  A  kind  of  carpet  or  mat  mentioned  in 
old  Romances  but  not  in  modern  use;  Ht. 
Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  4;  Ht,  Si  Misk.,  4;  Ht.  Koris. 
Pacharan  ;  id. ;  Ht.  Koris. 

III.  A  variant  oi panchar,  q.  v. 


tr^ 


j=r^ 


CrT 


pachang.  To  bespeak  a  girl  for  a  husband ; 
to  arrange  a  match  before  both  the  parties  are 
of  an  age  to  be  formally  betrothed. 

pachak.     I.  Spitting;  sticking  a  sharp  pointed 

stick  into  something  else;  Ht.  Koris,,  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.  Orang  China  pachak  ranjau :  the  Chinese 
stick  caltrops  in  the  ground,  i,  e,,  pointed  stakes 
facing  outwards.  Pachakkan  panchang  sempadan 
ini:  stick  in  this  boundary  post.  Cf.  chachak, 
and  pachok. 

II.  Accustomed  to,  experienced  in,  versed  in. 
Hidop  ta' -pachak  membawa  dirt :  he  is  not 
accustomed  to  flee  for  his  life  (from  battle) ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


,\^    pachok.       [  Penang.  ]       Spitting,    sticking   a 

pointed  bamboo  through  or  into  anything 
else;  :=: pachak,  but  used  with  special  reference 
to  sharpened  bamboos.  Hendak  makan  hati-mu 
di'pachok  :  wishing  to  eat  your  heart  roasted  on 
a  spit ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  6. 


PAOHAL 


[     444     ] 


PADAN 


Jt^ 


Jt^ 


pachal.  Slave  of  a  slave;  the  humblest  of 
dependants ;  a  term  occasionally  used  as  a 
first  person  singular  in  a  spirit  of  extreme 
self-abasement.  Sa-ekor  pachal  ini :  I,  this 
miserable  slave  ;  Ht,  Ind.  Nata.  Pachal  yang 
hina :  id.,  Sh.  Put.  Akal.  The  word  also  occurs : 
Ht.  Sh.  Mard.,  Ht.  Best.,  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Ikan  pachal :  a  large  fish  of  the  parang-parang 
class. 

pachol  or  pachul.  I.  Squeezing  out,  press- 
ing out ;  forcing  out  by  pressure ;  expressing 
the  seed  from  a  fruit  or  matter  from  an  abscess. 
Sigera  di-korek-nya  mata  rangga  itu  terpachul-lalt 
keduwa-nya :  he  immediately  dug  into  the  eyes 
of  the  rangga  (a  petty  official)  and  forced  both 
of  them  out  of  their  sockets ;  Ht.  Sh. 

II.     Jav.    A  pick,  a  hoe  ;  =  changkul,  q.  v. 


A>-\^    pachau.     A  talisman  or  charm  hung  on  fruit- 
'  bearing  trees  and  having  the  supposed  effect 

of  making  the  fruit  disagree  with  any  one  who 
steals  it. 

Orang  China  pachak   ranjau, 
Mart  pachak   da  I  am   kampong ; 

Pokok    berbuwah   di-gantong  pachau^ 
Termakan  huwah-nya  peruUkembong : 

if  you  hang  a  pachau  on  a  fruit-bearing  tree, 
the  fruit  eaten  from  it  will  cause  inflammation 
of  the  stomach. 


^^\3  pachu.  Goading  on,  spurring  on,  or  urging 
on  ( a  horse )  in  any  way.  Maka  Putera  Jaya 
Pati  pnn  naik-lah  ka-atas  kuda  itu  lalu  di-pachu- 
nya :  the  Prince  Jaya  Pati  mounted  the  horse 
and  then  spurred  it  on ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

P.  jarom  :  a  plant,  schizoea  dichotoma, 

Memachu :  to  spur  on,  to  urge  on ;  Sh.  Abd. 
Mk.,  60,  63,  108. 


cfT 


j\|  pada.  I.  [Skr.  pdda,  foot.]  Seripada :  the 
holy  feet  ( of  the  Prince ) ;  a  royal  title,  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg. 

II.  Sufficiency,  adequacy,  enough.  Jika 
kechil  sa-kali-pun  pada-lah :  even  if  little  it 
suffices;  Ht.  Best. 

Berpada-pada :  in  adequate  quantities ;  in 
reasonable  amount. 

Orang  Daik    memachu   kuda^ 
Kuda  di-pachit   deras   sa-kali ; 

Biiwat   baik   berpada-pada 
Btiwat  jahat  jangan   sa-kali : 

do  a  reasonable  amount  of  good,  and  do  no 
harm  at  all ;  Prov. 

Memada'i :  to  satisfy,  to  satiate.  M,  keinginan  : 
to  sate  the  appetite ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  36. 

III.  To,  from,  at.    Usually  written -^' 


>J>U 


\j  pachai.  Sandalwood  dust  or  any  fragrant 
compound  sprinkled  on  a  dead  body  in  prepar- 
ing it  for  the  funeral. 


J 


oU 


0*^^ 


padat.  Cramming;  crushing  into  a  small 
space  ;  stuffing.  Used  of  a  box  being  crammed 
full  of  clothes  or  of  a  glutton  cramming 
himself  with  food,  or  of  any  pressure  to  get  a 
large  quantity  stuffed  into  a  little  space. 

padir.  ( Kedah.)  Tiyada  memadir :  to  be 
profitless ;  to  bring  no  useful  result. 

padSri.  [Port,  padre,]  A  priest,  a  clergyman  ; 
a  word  confined  in  use  in  the  Straits  Settle- 
ments to  priests  of  the  Christian  religion. 

padang.  A  plain ;  a  piece  of  relatively  open 
ground ;  ground  covered  with  shrubs  and  not 
with  trees ;  the  name  of  an  important  town  in 
Sumatra.  Padang perahti  di-lautan,  padang  halt 
di-pikiran :  the  field  for  a  ship  is  the  ocean, 
the  field  for  the  heart  is  reflection;  Prov.,  J.  S. 
A.  S.,  II.,  148.  Ada  padang,  ada  belalang : 
where  there  are  plains,  there  will  be  grass- 
hoppers; where  there  is  a  settlement,  there 
will  be  population ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  90. 
Padang  jarak  padang  tekukor :  a  plain  where 
the  castor  oil  plant  grows  and  where  the  turtle 
doves  dwell ;  a  typically  desolate  place ;  Ht. 
Raj.  Don.,  66. 

Padang  saujana  :  an  open  plain  stretching  as 
far  as  the  eye  can  carry;  a  stretch  of  open 
country. 
A  kar  p, :  a  climbing  plant ;  cnestis  ramiflora, 
Bunga  p. :  a  shrub,  sida  rhombifolia, 
Buwah  p, :  a  fruit,  willughbeia  dulcis, 
Timor  padang :    a   point    of  the    compass ; 
South-East. 

padong.  A  short  shoot  or  projection  from 
the  stem  of  a  creeper. 

padok.     I.     A  crease  or  starting  Hne  used  in 
playing  porok  and  other  games. 
II.     (  Kedah. )     A  shell-fish  (  unidentified ). 

paduka.  [Skr.  pdduka  :  shoe.]  A  royal  title 
derived  from  the  fact  that  a  subject  addresses 
the  feet  of  a  raja,  as  it  would  be  presumptuous 
to  address  the  raja  himself ;  cf.  dtdi,  Seri  p, : 
id. 

padam.  I.  Extinguishing;  putting  out  a 
light,  or  (by  metaphor)  putting  an  end  to 
feehngs  of  love  or  hatred.  P.  nyawa :  the 
extinction  of  the  flame  of  life;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
Saperti  wayang  kepadaman  damar  rupa-nya : 
like  a  theatre  when  the  lights  go  out ;  a  scene 
of  confusion ;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed. 

Pemadam  :  anything  which  extinguishes. 

II.  [Skr.  padma  :  a  lotus  ?]  Merah  padam  : 
fiery  red, — descriptive  of  a  countenance  blaz- 
ing with  wrath ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard.  Pcloh  p, :  red 
and  perspiring  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  103. 

padan.  Matching ;  fitting ;  harmonizing. 
Tiyada  lagi  di-pileh  padan :  that  cannot  be 
matched;  matchless;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard.  Tiyada 
memileh  padan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Best, 


PADAU 


[    445    ] 


PARONG 


Sa-padan,  or  sama  padan  :  forming  a  match  ; 
harmonizing.  Sama  chantek,  sama  padan :  of 
equal  beauty  and  equal  rank. 

Memadan  :  to  match.  Memadan  ay  am  hendak 
menyabong :  to  match  cocks  with  a  view  to  their 
fighting;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  52. 

I 

^y^    padau.     Layar  padau  :  3.  storm  sa.i\,  | 

! 

A^V^    padu.     I.     Berpadu :   to   sweep   towards   and  j 

•^  past  each  other,  as  birds  on  the  wing;  Ht.  Ind.  | 

Meng.  ! 

IL  The  process  of  hammering  disconnected  j 
or  loosely  connected  objects  till  they  form  a  i 
solid  whole  ;  welding  together.  A  rang  padu  :  I 
solid  coal. 

III.  The  spleen  ;  the  gall-bladder;  Sh.  Panj.  ! 
Sg.      Better  hempedti,  q.  v. 


oy\^    padah.     I.     A  presage,  an  omen.  ^ 

IL  Invitation.  Memadah  :  to  invite  (used  of  \ 
subjects,  not  of  princes). 

iCjVS    padi.     Rice  (oryza  sativa)   in  the  husk,   both  i 
before  and  after  threshing  as  well  as  in    the  \ 
different  stages  of  its  growth.      When  husked 
it  is  called  beras;  when    boiled   nasi.     Pagar 
makan  padi :  the  fence  eats  up  the  padi ;  the  ' 
precautions   for   diminishing   loss   create    the 
loss ;  Prov.     Taroh  beras  dalam  padi :  placing  ■ 
rice  in   padi :  keeping  a  thing  secret ;    Prov. 
Kalati  tiyada  padi  sa-barang  kerja  ta'-jadi:  with- 
out   rice   nothing   can  succeed ;  without   cap- 
ital, enterprise   is  doomed    to   failure;  Prov.,   ' 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  37- 

Rumput  padi  burong :  a  common  grass,  : 
panicum  colonum.  ' 

II.  A  diminutive  used  to  define  small  varie- 
ties of  fruit,  e.  g.,  lada  padi^  lempuwing  padi, 
nyior  padi.     Large  varieties  are  called  gajah, 

j\3    para.     L   A  shelf^  rack  or  framework  of  any  | 
sort  raised  above  the  flooring ;  a  raised  inner  | 
apartment  in  a    Malay  house ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub., 
Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  29.  i 

P.  api :  an  open  framework  in  the  kitchen  | 
over  the  fire. 

P.  buwang :  an  orifice  made  by  projecting  \ 
the  upper  portion  of  a  house  wall  (tibar  layar)  \ 
so  as  to  make  it  extend  over  the  lower. 

A  rang  p,  :  soot.  I 

'  Buwah  p,  :  a  fruit,  mangifera  sp. ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  ; 

Papan  p. :  a  ceiling  of  planks  in  contra-  | 
distinction  to  one  of  cloth.  • 

Rnmpiit  para-para :  a  grass,  cyperus  pilosus,  \ 
Rnmput  p,  betina  :  cyperus  polystachyus.  ] 

I I.  A  collective  prefix.     Segala  munteri  dan 
para-penggawa :  all  the  ministers  and  rulers  of  I 
districts;    Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  | 

III.  Sentry-go  Orang  para:  the  sentry;  I 
the  constable  on  duty  at  the  door  of  a  police-  | 
station. 


CjjO  parit.  I.  A  trench,  a  moat,  a  ditch,  a  canal 
cut  for  drainage  purposes;  (Penang)  a  drain,=: 
(Singapore)  longkang,  Di-perbuwat-nya  parit: 
he  cut  a  trench ;  Ht.  Abd.,  311. 

1 1.     To  trip  the  anchor. 

O  >Vd  parut,  I.  The  scar  left  by  a  wound.  Luka 
itu  hilangf  parut  ada-kah  hilang:  wounds  pass 
away,  but  does  the  scar  pass  away ;  a  feud 
may  be  pacified,  but  its  existence  is  never 
quite  forgotten ;  Prov.,  cf.  J.  S.  A.  S.,  IL, 
155.  Semboh  dengan  tiyada  berparut  :  to  heal 
without  leaving  a  scar  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  85. 

IL  The  process  of  rasping  (coco-nuts). 
Memamt:  to  rasp;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  115. 

j^yi    paras.     1.     The    appearance    or    looks    of   a 
^""^^  person.     Paras-nya  elok  :  he  was  of  handsome 

appearance.  Sinar  paras  putcri :  the  lustre 
of  the  princess's  beauty;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  41. 
Menaroh  anak  perempuwan  yang  baik  paras: 
to  have  a  pretty  daughter ;    Ht.  Abd.,    480. 

1 1.  Smooth;  presenting  an  even  surface; 
the  process  of  removing  asperities.  Saperti 
di-paras  rupa-nya  :  looking  as  though  it  had 
been  (artificiallv)  trimmed  smooth ;  Ht,  Sh., 
Ht.  Koris. 

Memaras:  to  trim,  to  render  smooth;  Ht. 
Ind.  Nata. 


cr'J 


U    paris. 


See    parch. 


p  jU    parang.     I.     A  chopper,  a  knife  used  in  felling; 

^  the   process  of  using   a   chopper.     Pisau  dan 

parang  itu  tumpul,  maka  mulut  manusiya 
terlebeh  tajam  ada-nya :  knives  and  choppers 
are  (relatively)  blunt,  sharper  indeed  is  the 
human  tongue ;   Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,   210. 

P.  chandong  :  a  cleaver,  the  handle  of  which 
is  in  one  piece  with  the  blade. 

P.  pitting  :  a  very  sharp  chopper.  Hendak 
kerja  golok  kelingy  hendak  makan  parang  puting: 
a  blunt  chopper  at  work  but  a  razor-edged 
cleaver  at  eating  ;  an  idle  vagabond ;  Prov, 

P.  sari  :  a  weapon  mentioned  in  old  romances; 
possibly  parong  sari,  see  parong,  Maka  ada 
parang  sari  sa-bilah  tujoh  betas  lok-nya: 
there  was  a  parang  sari  with  seventeen  curves 
in  its  blade ;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  73, 

Parangkan  :  to  cleave,  to  cut  through ;  Sh. 
Lail.  Mejn.,  55.  Memarang :  to  cut  at,  to 
strike  at. 

I I.  Ikan  parang-parang  :  the  name  of  a  well- 
known  fish  ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. ;  Ht.  Abd,,  210,  229. 
Gigi  parang-parang:  a  double  row  of  teeth; 
new  teeth  growing  up  before  the  old  have 
fallen  away ;  Pel.  Abd.,  67. 

III.  Sakit  parang:  a  disease  affecting  the 
head  and  neck. 

pj\3    paring.     A  plant,  mimosa  scandms ;  Kl, 

9j^    parong.    Keris  parong :  (Selangor)  a  keris  with 
^  a  most  exceptional  number  of  twists  (lok)   in 

its  blade ;  cf.  parang  sari. 

Pokok  p. :  a.  plant,  dysoxylon  cauliflorum. 


56 


PARAP 


[    446    ] 


PASANG 


j.^ 


a> 


U 


5%U  parap.  I.  The  act  of  striking  a  blow  ham- 
mer-wise with  the  side  of  the  closed  fist. 
Memarap :  to  strike  a  blow  in  this  way.  Di- 
parap-nya  biram  Koris  Mengindera :  he  struck 
heavily  at  the  elephant  of  Koris  Mengindra; 
Ht.  Koris. 

Pemarap  :  the  lower  part  of  the  fist. 

II.     [Vulgar.]     To  guzde,  to  gorge. 

parak.  [Arab.  ^  ,  space  between.]  Separat- 
ing; placing  a  barrier  between;  drawing  a 
line  between ; — used  especially  of  the  sepa- 
ration of  the  sexes  at  wedding  and  other 
festivities. 

parek     I.     Memarek :  to  stoke  up  a  fire;  KL, 

Pijn.' 

II.  Porak'parek  :  helter-skelter,  as  the  flight 
of  a  defeated  army;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  75;  in 
confusion  or  disorder,  of  a  house;  Ht.  Abd., 

448. 

parok.  (Kedah.)  A  coco-nut  rasp  ;=  par ut^ 
II.,  q.v. 

param.  Param-param :  a  medicinal  powder 
or  ointment  rubbed  on  a  woman's  body  after 
confinement.  Also  called  peparaniy  or  bedak 
panas. 

parau.  Harshness  or  hoarseness  of  the  voice, 
as  after  much  talking.  Dan  nyawa-ku  jangan 
meraganiy  menjadi  parau  suwara  yang  merdu  : 
do  not  speak  (sorrowfully),  my  soul ;  do  not 
let  your  sweet  voice  become  harsh  with 
utterance ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Cf.  also  Sh.  Bid.,  33. 

i\^    paro.  Sa-paro  :  a  half.  Also  sa-paroh  ;  v.  par  oh. 


d;^ 


P^ 


j>j 


,U 


^j 


x> 


,U 


&^U 


paru,     I.     ParU'paru :  the  lungs;    (also)    the 
gills  of  a  fish.     Also  peparu, 

II.     Pani-paru:  sweet  fritters  sold  by  pedlars 
in  the  Singapore  streets. 


e  %V^  parah.  Severe  or  deadly,  of  a  wound.  Luka 
y^'f^g  pi^i'dh :  a  grievous  wound ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  85. 

OjU    pareh.     The  dealing  of  cards,  the  throwing  of 


dice ;    the    casting   of  lots. 
parts. 


Also    (Selangor) 


paroh.  I.  The  beak  of  a  bird.  Menyembah 
ptila  dengan  paroh-nya  dan  kaki-nya :  it  made 
its  salutation  with  its  beak  and  talons  (i,e, 
covering  its  beak  with  its  talons) ;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah. 

Pokok  paroh :  a  plant,  elceocarpus  parvifolius, 
Pokok  paroh  cnggang :  elceocarpus  stiptdaris, 

II,  Sa-paroh :  one  half ;  a  portion  approxi- 
mately equal  to  one  half.  Hati-kn  pun  berbelah, 
sa-paroh  hendak  jadi  baik  dan  sa-paroh  takut  : 
my  heart  was  split  in  two,  half  of  it  desiring 
a  cure  and  the  other  half  fearing  (the  remedv) ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  298. 


^j^ 


^«U 


J^ 


\i 


i^U 


pari.  I.  Ikanpari  (or  simply  j^^n  ):  the  skate 
or  ray.  Menikam  p. :  to  spear  the  skate ;  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub.  Kikirp.:  a  skate-skin  grater;  a 
type  of  a  skin-flint;  see  J.  S.  A,  S.,  II.,  150. 
Sengat  p. :  the  sting  of  the  ray,  marked  by  the 
existence  of  three  barb-like  points  (sonak), 
Lembing  sengat  p. :  a  spear  with  three  barbs 
arranged  one  below  the  other.  Buloh  sengat  p,: 
a  Malacca  cane  with  a  ridge  somewhat 
resembling  the  tail  of  the  ray.  Sty ang  jadi  yu, 
malam  jadi  pari :  a  shark  by  day,  a  skate  by 
night ;  a  sleeping-mat  which  is  rolled  up  by 
day  and  spread  out  by  night. 

Biniang  p,:  the  Southern  Cross. 

Panggang  p,:  (i)  the  cooking  of  the /)an ;  (2) 
to  sail  before  the  wind  with  two  triangular 
sails  on  the  mast  instead  of  one, — each  sail 
being  on  a  different  side  of  the  mast,  the  wind 
permitting  it;  (3)  *^ under  full  sail,"  a  descrip- 
tion of  a  man  or  woman  "sailing*'  down  the 
street  in  gorgeous  clothing. 

Tetnpat  bernaung  p. :  '*  the  place  where  the 
Great  Ray  takes  shelter;"  Sh.  I.  M.  P.,  13. 
The  Malays  believe  in  the  existence  of  a 
leviathan  ray  which  answers  in  many  respects 
to  our  sea-serpent.  It  is  believed  to  dwell 
under  a  gigantic  sea-mushroom   (chendawan). 

The  principal  varieties  of  the  ray  or  skate 
recognized  by  Malays  are:  p,  beting^  p.  bilis, 
p,  dedap,  p,  lang,  p.  lumui,  p,  paksa,  p,  pauh,  and 
p,  rimau. 


pasar. 

place. 


[Pers.    yjV  .  ]     A  bazaar ;  a  market - 


pasir.  Sand ;  "  sands,"  in  the  sense  of  banks 
of  sand.  P.  panjang  :  a  long  stretch  of  sandy 
beach. 

GtUa  p, :  sugar  in  minute  grains,   in  contra- 
distinction to  lump  sugar  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  308, 
Ikan  p, :  a  kind  of  whiting. 
Ibu  p, :  coarse-grained  sand ;  Ht.  Abd.,  166. 
Mas  p, :  gold  dust ;  better  mas  urai, 

Rumput  p. :  a  common  weed ;  adenostemma 
viscosum, 

Pasiran :  the  sands ;  the  sandy  portion  of 
any  place ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  108. 

pasang.  I.  A  pair,  a  couple.  Ada-pun  iya 
sa-pasang  ;  sa-ekor  jantan^  sa-ekor  betina  :  they 
formed  a  pair;  one  male  and  one  female;  Ht. 
Abd.,  90.  Kasut  sa-pasang :  a  pair  of  boots ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  33. 

II.  Ayer  pasang :  the  tidal  flow;  flood  tide; 
Ht.  Abd.,  225. 

P.  anak  :  neap  tide. 

P.     bah :     unusual 
inundation. 

P.  besar  :  spring  tide. 

P.  kechil :  neap  tide.     Also  p,  anak, 

P.  Ming :  an  exceptionally  high  spring  tide. 

P.  pBrnama :  tides  at  the  full  moon. 

Bunga  p, :  the  first  of  the  flood. 

Penoh  p. :  full  tide ;  the  full  rush  of  the  tide. 


tidal      flood      causing 


PASONG 


[     447    ] 


PAPAR 


«-U 


uJ-" 


,u 


Ayer  pun  ada  pasang  surut :  even  water  flows 
and  ebbs;  fortune  has  its  ups  and  downs, 
and  nothing  whatever  is  permanent.     Prov. 

III.  To  set  anything  in  working  order ;  to 
put  in  motion  or  use ;  to  light  {a  lamp) ;  to 
fire  (a  gun) ;  to  set  (a  sail) ;  to  harness  (a  horse 
to  a  carriage) ;  (in  some  games)  to  set  down 
the  stakes  and  await  the  throw  of  a  die  or  the 
play  of  an  adversary.  Ada  yang  bermain 
pasang  permata :  some  played  staking  precious 
stones  ;  Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  P.  pelifa : 
to  light  a  lamp.  P.  meriyam :  to  fire  a  can- 
non, P.  suwara  :  to  shout,  to  hail ;  Pel.  Abd., 
115.  P.  kereta:  to  harness  a  horse  to  a 
carriage ;  Ht.  Abd.,  404.  P.  bandera :  to  hoist 
a  flag;  Ht.  Abd.,  112.  Memasang  petas :  to 
firecrackers;  Ht.  Abd.,  292,  293.  Memasang 
merchun  :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  350. 

IV.  Sakit  pasang-pasang :  hydrocele. 

V.  [From  pasang,  II?]  To  be  effective; 
to  penetrate  (of  the  blow  of  a  weapon) ;  to 
produce  the  full  effect.  Kena  pasang :  to  hit  a 
vital  spot.  Tersungkor  iya  rebah  tiyada  pasang : 
he  fell  down  prostrate  (stunned)  but  was  not 
vitally  injured ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

pasong.  Stocks ;  shackles  on  the  feet ;  fetters. 
Melepaskan  daripada  pasong  :  to  release  from 
the  stocks;  to  release  from  confinement 
generally;  Sh.  May.,  8.  Rumah  p,:  (Sin^dipore) 
a  police-station,  (Penang)  balai.  Tepong p.:  a 
native  cake  of  the  shortbread  type,  Tiyada 
di-pasong :  unfettered;  Sej.  Mai.,  121. 
Pasongan :  fetters,  stocks:  Sej.  MaL,  III. 
Mcmasong  :  to  put  in  the  stocks,  to  fetter ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  117. 


pasak.     I.    A  peg,   nail   or   w edge ;  to  fasten 

by  driving  in  a  peg,  nail  or  wedge.  Pasakkan 
sepatu  ktida  :  to  shoe  a  horse.  Tiyang  longgar 
di-pasak  baji :  a  loose  mast  fixed  up  with  a 
wedge.  Pasak  perahu :  pegs  used  in  the 
fastenings  of  a  native  boat. 

II.  Pasak  beras'beras:  di  pldint,  aglaia  glabri- 
flora.  Pasak  lingga :  a  generic  name  for 
several  meliacious  trees,  e.  g.,  dysoxylon  acu- 
tangtdmn, 

III.  Orang  pasak  negeri:  aborigines,  (from 
pasak:  the  inland  portions  of  a  country, 
Marsd.) ;  =  orang  uln. 

IV.  Mata  pasak  :  blue  or  grey  eyes ;  the 
eyes  of  some  cats ;  the  eyes  of  an  albino,  (by 
extension)  the  eyes  of  a  fair  European. 


>u 


j^U   pasek. 


^j^\ 


Wrong-headed :  foolishly  obstructive  ; 

naughty,  of  children ;   unwilling   to   listen   to 
reason,  of  adults ;  Sh,  Tab.  Mimp.,  2. 

pasok.  A  troop,  a  body  of  men,  a  company. 
Berpasok-pasokan :  in  bodies,  in  troops  or  com- 
panies ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Pasokan  :  a  company ;  a 
team  or  side,  in  games ;  a  gun-crew,  in  artillery 
practice ;  Ht.  Abd.,  105. 


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C^3\^ 


pasal.  I.  A  tree,  ardtsia  odontophylla ;  J.I.  A., 
I.,  296. 

II.     \kY2ih.  fast.]      Subject,  matter;  v.  ^^ 

pasu.  A  bason  or  bowl ;  a  vessel  with  a  broad 
orifice ;  a  flower-pot ;  a  w^ash-pot ;  a  tub  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  301. 

P.  bunga  :  a  flower-pot. 

P.  tapak  gajah  :  a  large  water-pot  or  ewer. 

pasah.  [Arab.  >-»]  Pasah  nikdh  :  to  dissolve 
a  marriage. 

pasai.  The  name  of  an  ancient  Malay  State 
in  Sumatra. 


pangOS.  Mhnangos :  to  blow,  to  spout, — of 
fish  and  amphibians  which  come  to  the  surface 
to  breathe.     Also  (by  onomatopeia)  />o«s. 


pangok.  To  raise  the  head  only, — of  a 
recumbent  person. 

pangan.  I.  Extensive  tracts  of  forest.  Orang 
p, :  *' jungle-dwellers ; "  the  name  given  to  some 
aboriginal  tribes  mentioned  along  with  the 
semang  in  the  Ht.  Koris. 

II.  [Jav. :  to  eat.]  Panganan  or  (usually) 
penganan :  cakes. 

papa.  [Skr.  papa.]  Poverty ;  pennilessness. 
extreme  destitution  ;  poor.  Hamba  nan  papa 
bukan  kepalang  :  I  am  utterly  destitute ;  Sh. 
Abd.  Mk.,  83, 

Papa  kelana  :  a  wandering  pauper ;  a  destitute 
traveller. 

Papa  kirma :  a  man  reduced  by  accident  to 
extreme  want ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 

Tujoh  kali  pindah  jadi  papa  :  seven  changes  of 
residence  make  one  a  pauper  ;  a  rolling  stone 
gathers  no  moss  ;  Prov. 

papat.  To  strike  with  a  flat  body  (such  as 
a  board)  upon  a  soft  surface  (such  as  sand). 


^ 


^U 


papar.  Flatness  or  smoothness  orbluntness 
in  contradistinction  to  sharpness ;  the  back 
of  a  sword-blade  as  opposed  to  its  edge;  the 
flat  of  the  horn  as  opposed  to  its  point ;  the 
process  of  straightening  or  trimming  the  point  of 
a  pen  so  as  to  make  it  broader ;  filing  the  teeth 
to  an  uniform  level.  Kerbau  menandok  anak-nya, 
dengan  papar  tidak  dengan  hujong  :  a  buffalo  but- 
ting its  calf  with  the  flat  of  its  horns,  not  with 
their  points ;  severity  resulting  from  kindness, 
not  from  hostility  ;  Prov.,  J.S.A.  S.;  XXIV., 
108. 

Paparan :  the  flat  side  or  portion  of  anything. 
P.  parang  :  the  back  of  a  chopper. 

Paparkan  :  to  flatten. 


PAPAS 


[    448    ] 


PAKU 


U-9^ 


i5\3 


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papas.  Removal,  taking  away, — used  of  taking 
down  tents  or  kajang  roofs ;  taking  off  one's 
clothes,  stripping  a  tree  of  its  fruit,  and 
exorcising  an  evil  spirit  from  the  body  of  a 
person  possessed.  Papas  kajang:  the  removal 
of  kajang  mats ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  90.  Memapas 
khaimah:  to  take  down  tents;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub., 
Ht.  Koris. 

pa'pong.  Kedidi  pa'pong :  (Kedah)  a  species 
of  sandpiper. 

papak.  I .  Flatness ;  evenness ;  without  heights 
or  cavities ;  cf.  papar. 

Ayam  p.  :  a  cock  which  has  no  long  tail- 
feathers  (lawi'lawi)  and  which  looks  generally 
like  a  hen. 

Orang  p. :  a  hermaphrodite  who  wears 
woman's  attire. 

II.  [  Jav.  papag,  ]  Memapak  :  to  receive,  to 
welcome,  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. ;  =  samhut. 

III.  Penoh  papak  :  chock-full,  quite  full ;  Ht. 
Koris; — a  variant  of  penoh  pepat  ox  penoh  sesak. 

IV.  Clappers  used  to  frighten  away  birds. 

V.  To  masticate,  to  crunch.  Keras  saperti 
iya  papak  batu  rasa-nya:  hard  as  though  he 
were  crunching  stone ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

papan.  A  plank,  a  board ;  flooring,  planking, 
ceiling,  flat  woodwork  generally,  Bukan  papan 
hendak  tarah :  a  rhyming  equivalent  for  bukan 
makan  muntahkan  darah :  this  is  not  eating,  this 
is  overgorging. 

P.     batu  :  a  slate.     Also  p,  loh. 

P.     chator  :  a  chessboard. 

P.  choki :  a  board  for  playing  the  Malay 
game  of  draughts ;   Sej.  MaL,  99. 

P.  chongkak :  an  oval  board  with  hemispherical 
holes  in  it  used  for  playing  chongkak, 

P.  kawan :  a  plank  in  the  framework  of  a 
Malay  boat  placed  between  the  apit  lempang 
and  the  pisang-pisang, 

P.  loh  :   a  slate  ;   Ht.  Abd.,  20,  22. 

P.  mistar :  a  ruler ;  a  ruling-board ;  Ht. 
Abd.,   38, 

P.  para :  a  plank  ceiling. 

P.  sa-keping :  a  plank  used  in  the  simplest 
form  of  burial, — for  covering  up  the  side- 
cavity  in  which  the  body  is  laid. 

P.  siyar  :  the  plank  furthest  from  the  keel  in 
the  construction  of  a  Malay  boat. 

P.  tongkah :  a  sort  of  plank  sledge  used  by 
shellfish  pickers  for  getting   about   mud-flats. 

Asahp,  :  the  filing  of  the  teeth  to  an  uniform 
height. 

Binding  p. :  a  wall  or  partition  of  planks. 

Mukap, :  "  board-faced,*'  i.  e,,  brazen-faced, 
impudent;  an  unblushing  cheek. 

Rumah  p,  :  a  wooden  house. 

Tulang  p.   dada:  the  sternum  or  breast-bone. 

Tulang  p,  punggor,  or  tulang  p.  pungkor :  the 
lumnar  vertebrae. 


<? 


j5U 


t5j3U    pa'puwi.      [Chin.]         A   method   of    taking 
the  auspices  (practised  in  Chinese  temples). 

3\3  papah.  To  totter  along  painfully  and  with 
support,  as  a  sick  man  just  risen  from  his  bed 
or  as  a  very  old  man ;  to  support  a  tottering  or 
wounded  man;  Ht.  Abd.,  247,  250. 

paka.  Puru  paka :  an  eruptive  disease  of  the 
feet. 

pakat.  [  Arab,  muwdfakat,  ]  Consultation, 
arrangement  by  conference  ;  mutual  decision ; 
a  deliberative  meeting  or  society.  Ketiga  orang 
itU'ptm  sa-pakat'lah  bichara-nya :  the  three  came 
to  a  joint  resolution ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Nama 
pakatitu  '^Commerce  Chamber'^ :  the  name  of  that 
association  was  **the  Chamber  of  Commerce," 
Ht.    Abd.,  427. 

pakak.     Ulun    pakak :    the     name    given    in 

Singapore  to  some  conical  shells  imported  from 
Celebes  as  an  article  of  commerce ;  conua  miles, 
comts  lithoglyphuSf  and  others. 

pakal.  The  process  of  caulking  a  boat,  tub, 
barrel,  or  anything  which  has  to  be  water- 
tight and  which  is  not  in  one  piece. 

pakan.  I.  The  woof;  that  which  is  shot 
into  the  warp  by  means  of  the  shuttle ;  the 
process  of  shooting  or  striking  into  the  warp. 
Tiraiyang  berpakan-kan  emas  curtains  shot  with 
gold  ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  29. 

II.  Invulnerability,  when  the  imaginary 
result  of  magical  drugs  rather  than  of  magical 
acts  or  formulae  ;  v.    kebal. 

III.  Jav.     To  eat ;  the   root  of  makan,  q.  v. 

S\^  pakau.  I.  The  cross-piece  in  the  mouth  of 
a  bucket ;  an  interior  prop  or  stay. 

II.  [Chin. :  phah-kdu  ?]  A  Chinese  game 
of  cards  somewhat  resembling  vingt-et-un, 

S\^  paku.  I.  A  spike,  a  nail.  Mengata  ka- 
dulang  paku  serepeh:  *' the  chipped  nail  abuses 
the  tray;"  a  rhyming  equivalent  for  ^'mengata 
ka-orang  sendiri  yang  lebeh  :  to  abuse  a  person 
for  what  one  possesses  in  a  greater  degree 
oneself;  the  pot  is  calling  the  kettle  black; 
Prov.,  cf.  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  117.  Paku- 
kan:  to  nmi;  Ht.  Abd.,  28.  Terpaku:  nailed; 
firmly  affixed  to;  Ht.  Abd.,  136. 

II.  A  generic  name  for  the  fern,  fHex,  and 
for  plants  resembling  it. 

P.  aji  :  cycas  rumphii. 
P.  balu  :  tmnites  blechnoides, 
P.  benar  :  anisogonium  esculentum, 
P.  dudok  bukit :  lindsaya  scandens, 
P.  gading  :  aspidium  leuzeanum, 
P.  gajah  :  the  common  tree-fern. 
P.  gajah  pay  a  :  cyathea  brunonis, 
P.  ikan  :  blechnum   orientale. 


PAKAI 


[     449     ] 


PALAS 


S^ 


oiy 


p 


p.  kijmtg  :  diplazium  sorzogonense, 
P,  kikir  :  aspidium  polymorphum. 
P.  kilat :  nephrodium  dissectum, 
P,  langsuwir :   the  bird's  nest  fern ;   tham- 
nopteris  nidus -avis. 

P.  laut :  cycas  rumphii ;  =^.  aji, 

P.  lumut  batu  :  leucostegia  parviUa, 

P.  pahat :  cyathea  brunonis. 

P,  pandan  :  =  p.  langsuwir, 

P,  pinang  :  nephrolepis  exaltata, 

P.  resam  :  gleichenia  linearis. 

P.  resam  padi  :  cheilanthes  tenuifolia, 

P.  ncsa  :  diplazium  sorzogonense, 

P.  tanjong  :  anisogonium  esculentum, 

P,  tembaga  :  aspidium  cicutarium, 

P.  uban  :  nephrolepis  exaltata  ;  =:  p.   pinang. 

P.  ular  :  blechnum  orientale. 

P.  wangi  :  pleopeltis  phymatodes. 


III.     Kalok     paku : 
(Singapore)  boat. 


the   figure-head     of    a 


pakai.  The  use  or  wearing  of  anything;  to 
assume,  to  wear,  to  adopt  the  use  of,  to  put  on, 
to  employ.  Buleh  pakai  ini  sural :  this  docu- 
ment can  be  made  to  serve;  Ht.  Abd.,  45. 
Memakai :  to  wear,  to  use.  M.  seluwar  : 
to  wear  trousers;  Ht.  Abd.,  89.  Terpakai: 
of  service;  used;  utihzed;  of  constant 
occurrence;    Ht.  Abd.,  46,  47. 

Pakaiyan  :  clothes,  garments ;  anything  worn 
whether  as  garments  (Ht.  Abd.,  32,  97)  or  as 
a  keris  or  watch  (Ht.  Abd.,  361).  Tiyada 
berpakaiy an  :  without  clothes;  Ht,  Gul.  Bak., 
49. 

pagut.  The  peck  of  a  bird,  the  bite  of  a 
snake;  to  peck  out  (of  a  hawk  pecking  out  the 
eyes  of  a  dragon,  Ht.  Pg,  Ptg.);  to  peck  up 
and  carry  away,  Ht.  KaL  Dam,,  75.  Di-pagut 
tedong :  bitten  by  a  cobra.  Kalau  menycberang 
sungai,  biyar  di4elan  uleh  buwaya,  jangan4ah 
di-pagut  uleh  ikan  kechil-kechil :  if  you  are 
crossing  a  stream,  better  be  swallowed  by  an 
alligator  than  be  picked  to  pieces  by  little 
fish ;  it  is  more  honourable  to  fall  a  victim  to 
the  great  than  to  the  mean;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XL,  72. 
Cf.  patok. 

pagar.  A  fence ;  a  palissade ;  a  row  of  stakes 
or  palings.  Pagar  makan  padi :  the  fence  eats 
up  the  padi ;  the  precautions  for  diminishing 
loss  eat  up  the  profits ;  Prov.  Bagai  bulan  di- 
pugar  bintang :  like  the  moon  fenced  in  with 
stars;  an  appropriate  and  beautiful  combi- 
nation ;  Prov.  Saperti  bulan  di-pagarkan  bin- 
tang:  id.;  Ht,  Koris. 

P.  anak :  (i)  the  palissading  leading  to  an 
elephant  corral  or  to  a  trap  for  wild  beasts ; 
(2)  a  tree,  ixonanthes  obovata.  P.  anak  jantan : 
a  tree,  gordonia  exceka. 

P.  suwa :  a  fence  placed  between  two  buffaloes 
before  a  fight  to  excite  them  by  preventing 
their  getting  at  each  other. 


J^ 
J^ 

# 
j^ 


P.  tenggalong  :  a  gallery  on  the  stern  (dandan) 
of  a  ship. 

Bunga  p. :   the   common    lantana    (flower) ; 
lantana  camara. 


pagan.     Solid,     strongly 
sturdy  (of  a  man). 


built    (of  a    ship) ; 


oJU 


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pagu.  A  ceiling.  Di-suroh-nya  orang  muda 
iiu  tidor  di-atas  pagu  :  he  ordered  the  youth  to 
sleep  in  the  loft;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  22. 

pagi.  Morning;  in  the  morning;  early;  to- 
morrow morning.  Pagi  hari :  early.  Pagi 
dan  petang  :  morning  and  evening. 

pala.  I.  [  Skr.  phala  :{ruit,  outcome,  pro- 
duct.] Buwah  pala :  the  nutmeg,  myristica 
fragrans :  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  12. 

P.  bukit :  myristica  crassa,  and  m.  ku7tstleri. 

P.  hutan  :  myristica  elliptica. 

P.  htdan  bulu  :  myristica  lowiana. 

P.  jantan  pay  a  :  myristica  crassifolia. 

Akar pala-pala  :  a  climbing  fig,j^c^s  aurantiaca. 

Halwd p. :  nutmegs  in  syrup;   Ht.  Abd.,  303. 

H.  Pala-pala:  really;  properly;  thoroughly. 
Pala-pala  mandi  biyar  basah :  if  you  are  going 
to  bathe  properly,  you  may  as  well  wet  your- 
self; you  may  as  well  be  hanged  for  a  sheep 
as  for  a  lamb ;  Prov.  Pala-pala  aku  hendak 
mati,  biyar 4ah  aku  mati  berkapan  chindai  :  if  I 
have  got  to  die,  let  me  die  in  a  shroud  of  many 
colours;  a  variant  of  the  same  proverb;  J,  S. 
A.  S.,  n.,  157. 

Sa-pala-pala :  as  much  as  possible ;  as  thorough- 
ly as  possible. 


L     (Vulgar,)     The  penis. 
An    instrument   for   punishing    school- 


palat 
H. 

boys ;  described  v.  Ht.  Abd.,  28 


palit.  The  act  of  smearing  or  smudging  ;= 
chalit,  q.v.,  but  rather  less  in  degree. 

Memalit :  to  smudge  or  smear;  Sh.  UL,  13. 

Terpalit :  smudged,  smeared,  stained. 

Kerbau  sa-ekor  membawa  lumpor,  kerbau 
semuwa-nya  pun  terpalii-palit  juga :  one  buffalo 
is  muddy  and  all  his  fellow  buffaloes  become 
smeared  with  mud ;  a  scoundrel  corrupts  his 
friends;  Prov.,  cf.  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  no. 

paint.  Enwrapping ;  enfolding  as  a  letter  is 
enfolded  in  its  envelope  or  a  newspaper  in  its 
wrapper.     Cf.  balut. 

palar.  Covetousness ;  greedy,  grasping,  as  a 
raja  who  expects  rich  presents. 

palas.  I.  A  generic  name  for  the  fan-palms 
known  as  licualas,  the  leaves  of  which  are  used 
by  Malays  as  cigarette- wrappers  and  for  other 
purposes. 


PALIS 


[    450    ] 


PANAU 


^Vi 


& 


jiVI 


Batang p.:  id.;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 
P.  batu  :  licuala  longipes. 
P.  gunong :  licuala  glabra.     Also  p,  padi* 
P.  tihis  :  licuala  acutifida, 
II.     P alas  lint ang :  the  platform  of  a  ship; 
J,  S.  A,  S.,  IIL,  70. 

palis.  The  act  of  turning  away  the  head,  e,g  ., 
as  when  a  girl  looks  the  other  way  on  a  compli- 
ment being  paid  her.  Berpalis  :  to  look  aside 
in  this  way;  Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.;  Ht. 
Mas.  Ed.;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.;  Sh.  Bid.,  72. 
Memalis :  id,;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  8;  Sh.  Bid,, 
21 ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  44,  Sunggoh-iya  memalis 
maka  di-dalam  hati-nya  terlalu  suka-chita : 
although  she  looked  the  other  way  she  was 
secretly  very  much  pleased;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 

palang.  Position  across  or  athwart ;  cf.  alang, 
galang  and  malang,  Kayu  palang :  the  bar 
across  a  buffalo's  horns ;  the  bars  of  a  horse's 
stall.  Galang  temalang :  cross-beams  on  which 
a  boat  is  sometimes  laid  when  hauled  up  on 
shore. 

paling.  Turning  to  one  side  or  another ;  look- 
ing aside ;  cf.  palis.  Berpaling :  to  look  aside, 
to  turn  the  head  to  one  side ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
21.  Berpaling  haluwan  :  to  turn  a  boat's  head 
to  one  side  or  another ;  Ht.  Bakht.,  28. 

Memalingkan  :  to  turn  (anything)  to  one  side. 
Baginda  meiruilingkan  kuda  ka-kiri :  the  king 
turned  his  horse  to  the  left ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  64. 

i¥.  muka  :  to  turn  the  face  to  one  side ;  Ht. 
Ferb.  Jaya;  Sej.  MaL,  ^^^, 

Paling  is  not  used  of  merely  glancing  to  one 
side  (jeling)  but  of  actually  turning  the  head. 


palong.     A  trough  such  as  is  used  for  feeding 
or  watering  animals. 


^y^    palak.    A  lie,  false. 


palek.     Polak-palek :     (Ke.dah) 
inconsistency  ;  =  bolak'baleL 


equivocation, 


palam.  Plugging  up  or  stuffing  up ;  used  es- 
pecially of  the  closing  of  the  lower  orifices  of 
the  body  (abaimana)  before  burial. 

JU    palau.     A  cicatrix  or  other  distinguishing  mark 
-^         on  the  face  facilitating  identification. 

JU  palu.  A  blow  with  a  stick  or  bar ;  striking 
with  a  rigid  body  held  in  the  hand  in  contra- 
distinction to  a  blow  with  a  switch  or  with  the 
hand  itself.  Saperii  ular  kena  palu :  like  a 
snake  struck  by  a  stick  (writhing  in  impotent 
rage  and  agony) ;  Prov.,  J.  S,  A.  S.,  II.,  140 ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  204. 

Palukan :  to  strike  (with  a  club) ;  Sh,  Abd. 
Mk.,  18.  Tirpalu  :  struck  off  (of  coins  being 
minted) ;  Ht.  Best.  Mimalu  bunyi-bunyiyan : 
to  beat  musical  instruments ;  Ht.  Abd.,  350. 


J^ 


Cr* 


a3U  paloh,  A  hollow  filled  with  stagnant  water ; 
pools  of  water  left  below  high-water-mark  by 
the  receding  tide ;  cavities  on  the  sloping  sides 
of  a  hill  which  remain  filled  with  water  after 
heavy  rain.  Mahu  engkau  minum  ayer  pada 
paloh  bukit  ini :  do  you  wish  to  drink  water 
from  the  pools  on   this  hillside ;  Ht.  Isk.   Dz. 

,VI  pamor.  The  veining  or  damascening  of  wea- 
pons ;  the  watering  on  the  blade  of  a  keris^  a 
matter  to  which  Malays  attach  very  great 
importance, 

Angin   timor   belay ar   ka-Daik 

Singgah  di-hiwala  kampong  Che^Judah ; 

Tuwan   empama  pamor  yang  baik, 
Sukat  di'Simpan   menjadikan   tuwah  : 

you,    Sir,   are   like   good  damascening  which, 
when  possessed,  brings  its  owner  good  luck. 

.VI  paman.  Maternal  uncle ;  a  familiar  form  of 
address  to  men  a  good  deal  older  than  oneself; 
Sh.  Lamp.,  35.  Sa-orang  paman  penjala :  an 
old  fisherman ;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  12.  Adohi 
paman  Semar :  oh  my  uncle,  Semar ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.     See  also  Sej.  Mai.,  133. 

*U    pamah.     Low-lying,  of  ground. 

Tanah   rata   tanah  yang  pamah, 
Kalau    tinggi  jadi  permatang : 
level  ground  is  low-lying  ground ;  if  high  it  is 
called  a  permatang. 


^U    pana.     See   \x5  - 

\|    panir.     Pers.     Cheese. 

paixas.  Heat,  warmth.  Sa4ahim  panas,  sa- 
hari  hujan  basah  semiiwa :  hot  weather  may  last  a 
year,  but  when  a  day's  rain  comes  it  wets  every- 
thing ;  a  day's  mischief  may  undo  a  year's 
work;  Prov.  Hari  ini  patut4ah  rediip  atati 
panas  keras  :  this  day  should  be  either  gloomy 
or  intolerably  hot ;  this  business  will  either 
make  or  mar  me ;  Prov. 

P.  hati  :  excitement ;  feelings  worked  up  to  an 
intense  pitch ;  Sh.  Pr.  Turk.,  12. 

Hujan  p, :  rain  when  the  sun  is  shining, 
— believed  to  bring  luck. 

Panaskan :  to  heat.  Kepanasan :  heated, 
scalded.  Bagai  chaching  kepanasan :  like  a 
scalded  worm  ;  writhing  in  agony ;  Prov. 

Panas  when  used  of  magical  practices  signifies 
that  they  are  extremely  unholy. 


^ 


U^^ 


^jJl5    panus.     A  candle-bracket. 


y 


iU 


panau.     White  spots  ;  temporary  discoloration 
of  the  skin.     Several  varieties  are  recognized : 

P.  besi :  black  hair-covered  spots. 

P,  bunga :  white  spots  or  freckles. 

P.  chantek :  beauty-spots;  single  freckles  which 
bring  out  the  merits  of  the  complexion  by 
contrast. 

P.  mengkarong :  white  hair-covered  spots. 

P.  tekukor :  very  small  white  spots. 


-»\3    panah.     A  bow;   the   use   of  a   bow;  (better 
anak  panah)  an  arrow. 

Lang  di'panah  Seri  Rama, 

Dt-panah     dengan    panah    yang     sakti  : 

a  hawk  was  shot  by  the  great  Rama,  shot  with 
an  arrow  of  magical  power;  Sh.  Kumb. 
Chumb.,  14.  Ayer  kolam  itu  di-panah  mata- 
hari  berkilat-kilat  rupa-nya :  the  water  of  the 
pond  ghttered  under  the  darting  rays  of  the 
sun;  Ht.  Sh.  Di-panah  matahari  :  "shot  by 
the  darts  of  the  sun  "  is  also  used  to  describe 
sunstroke. 

P.  Ranjima  :  the  bow  of  Arjuna,  a  simile  for  a 
beautifully  shaped  arm.  Jin  panah  Ranjuna  : 
a  meteor-like  evil  spirit,  shooting  through  the 
air  like  a  rocket  and  then  suddenly  vanishing. 

Panahan  :  the  shooting  of  arrows;  an  arrow, 
Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

Memanah :  to  shoot  with  a  bow;  Ht,  Gul. 
Bak.,  52. 


Cj^\^ 


paut.  To  pull  in  towards  one,  to  draw  in 
towards  one,  to  haul  in ;  to  be  drawn  to  any- 
thing, to  be  attached  or  attracted  or  bound. 
Bersangkut p.  :  to  be  "tied"  to  a  place  by 
obligations.  Dayong  di-pant :  with  oars  backed 
(backing  water;)  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  4, 

Berpatit :  to  cling  to  anything,  as  a  drowning 
man  clinging  to  a  plant  (Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  10), 
or  as  a  struggling  man  clinging  to  his 
opponent  [Ht.  Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  61.] 


\^  pans.  The  whale,  baloena.  Also  tempans, 
Berapa  besar  ikan  pans,  tempuling  jnga  meng- 
hilangkan  jiwa  :  however  big  a  whale  may  be,  a 
(small)  harpoon  can  take  away  its  life;  small 
apparent  causes  may  have  great  effects;  Prov. 

Gigi  p, :  a  kind  of  bone   or   ivory  sometimes 
used  in  making  /?ms-handles. 


i    \|    pautlg.      [Fort  pao.]     Bread,    but     especially 
(^  applied  to  Chinese  bread  or  biscuits.    Pisan  p,  : 

a  bread-knife.     Also  paim. 


uO 


b 


,u 


pawang.  A  sorcerer,  a  medicine-man,  a  prac- 
titioner of  the  black  art.  A  pawang  is,  however, 
as  a  rule,  less  of  a  witch-doctor  than  of  a 
practitioner  of  some  harmless  art  such  as 
hunting,  agriculture  or  fishing,  for  the  proper 
success  of  which  certain  ceremonies  (relics  of 
an  older  religion)  are  deemed  necessary.^ 


iSee  Skeats'  "Malay  Magic"  for  example  of  the  way  in 
which  magical  rites  are  interwoven  with  the  life  of  the 
Malays.  The  following  pan  tuns  will  give  a  fair  idea  of  the 
simple  character  of  many  a  pawa?ig's  functions  : — 

Pawang  jeremal  menyirap   dahuln 
Tufidok   fengoh   ikan  yang  lain; 
Tevhena   kedewas   kawan  seludu, 
Angkat  daiin  tuwang  ka-perahu. 
Berlainan  pula  pawang  b^lat, 
Hendak   chedok  pijak   di~rembat, 
Mosok  phijau  phwh   Mhat 
Tareh   tali  heharu  di-angkat. 


P.  belat,  p.  jeremal,  p.  kelong,  p.  pukat : 
practitioners  of  magic  arts  in  connection  with 
various  classes  of  fishing. 

P.  gehani;  p.  kapor  :  collectors  of  scented 
woods  and  camphor  from  the  jungle. 

P.  gajah  :  an  elephant  trapper. 

P.  kapal :     a  navigator,    Ht.    Isk.    Dz.     P. 

di4aut :  id.  P.  yang  memhawa  jalan  :  a  guide. 

Lebah  bcrtuwalang  dt-pohtm   keriyang, 
Baik   lekas   chart  pawang: 

the  bees  are  swarming  on  the  keriyang  tree; 
you  had  best  go  quickly  and  find  a  medicine 
man  (pawang). 

Sehaya   menjadi  pawang   di-lant, 
Tiyada   takut  angin   dan  ribiit: 

I  practise  the  black  art  of  the  sea  and  have 
no  fear  of  the  winds  and  the  storm. 

^ft\i    pauk.     I.     Laiik-pauk :    all    kinds    of     food; 
V.  lauk,  of  which  this  is  merely  a  collective. 

n.  Drawing  towards  one;  a  variant  of  pant , 
q,  V. 


O^ 


\^    paun.      I.      Eng.     A     pound      (whether     in 
weight  or  in  money). 

n.     [Port,    pao,]      Bread,  biscuits;  v.^aw^j^. 


O) 


\^    pawan.     I.     A  plant;  clerodendvon  inerme. 

n.  (Penang  and  Kedah.)  A  sort  of 
distinctive  title  prefixed  to  the  names  of 
many  persons;  =  pak  wan. 


o^U 


pauh.     I.     A  species  of  wild  manggo. 

P.janggi :  a  tree  believed  by  Malays  to  grow 
on  a  sunken  bank  (tebing  rimtoh)  in  the  centre 
of  the  ocean.  Buwah  p.  janggi :  a  fruit,  the 
shell  of  which  is  used  by  Hindu  mendicants  as 
a  beggar's  bowl ;  the  cocas  jnaldiva  ?  Tasek  p. 
janggi :  the  great  ocean  round  this  fabled  tree; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  31. 

P.  kijang :  a  large  tree,  irvingia  malayana. 
P.  kijang  jantan :  (Malacca)  homaliim 
longifolium. 

Pauh'panh  :  a  name  sometimes  given  to  trees 
of  the  evodia  class.  P.-/>.  pasir :  croton 
candatiis. 

Pari  p. :  a  large  fish,  a  species  of  ray  or  skate. 

n.  A  thigh,  a  limb,  aquarter, — an  equivalent 
of  paha  in  some  Sumatran  dialects  but  known 
in  the  Straits  only  in  the  sense  of  a  quarter, 
especially  of  a  qudLVter -chnpak  in  measuring 
milk. 


-/  sense  o 


I.  Wage,  pay,  especially  in  the 
sense  of  half  profits  being  allowed  as  wages  by 
the  employer  to  his  servant.  Upah  dan  pawah  : 
wages  and  commissions;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  38. 

H.     Rempah    pawah:  all   kinds    of  spices  or 
curry-stuff.     Also  (Kedah)  rempah  pnwah. 


PAWAI 


[    452    ] 


PAYAH 


^^ 


kv3  pawai.  I.  The  suite  or  train  old,  raja;  the 
followers  in  a  bridal  procession.  Segala  pawai 
pun  pergi'lah  menjemput  surat :  all  the  suite  (of 
the  prince)  went  to  receive  the  letter ;  Ht.  Ism. 
Yat.,  94,  129.  Maka  di-atur  orang-lah  pawai 
kiri  kanan  tuwan  puteri  itu  :  officers  of  the  Court 
were  drawn  up  to  the  right  and  left  of  the 
princess ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

II.  Pawai panji'panji :  state  spears  adorned 
with  pennons  and  borne  in  the  train  of  a  prince ; 
Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 


c\l  paha.  The  thigh  of  a  man  ;  the  ham  of  an 
animal;  a  quarter  or  fourth  part.  Beri  betis 
hendak  paha :  give  him  the  leg  and  he  will  want 
the  thigh  also ;  give  him  an  inch  and  he  will 
want  an  ell.  Prov.  P.  belalang :  the  thigh  of 
grass-hopper ;  a  type  of  a  beautiful  thigh 
according  to  Malay  ideas.  Keduwa  belah  paha  ; 
both  thighs;  Ht.  Abd.,  328. 

Jantong  p. :  the  fleshy  part  of  the  thigh. 
Pangkal  p, :   the  upper  portion  of  the  thigh. 

CL-.tov5  pahat.  A  chisel;  carving  with  a  chisel.  Lak- 
sana  pahat  dengan  pemiiktil :  like  the  chisel  and 
the  hammer;  a  man  who  will  not  work  unless 
another  forces  him;  Prov. 

P.jantan:  a  chisel  with  a  narrow  but  deep 
blade. 

P.  kuku :  a  gouge. 

P.  lebar:  a  chisel  with  a  broad  and  shallow 
blade. 

Bidji  p,  :  the  feathers  of  a  half-fledged  fowl. 

IJlii  p,  :  the  handle  of  a  chisel. 

Terpahat:  incised,  cut  into,  carved  into —  as  an 
inscription  is  carved  on  a  stone  tablet;  Ht. 
Abd.,  238. 


,^3    pahit.     Bitterness.     Pahit  bagai  hempedu :  bitter  j 
as  gall.    Pahit  berajakan  holanda :  the  bitterness  1 
of  Dutch  rule ;  Ht.  Abd.,  366.     Di'luwar  merah, 
di-dalam pahit :  red  outside  and  bitter  within;  ; 
showy  but  unsatisfactory;  Prov. 


c-JfeU    pahut.    See  pma. 


j.ft\i 


pahar.  A  large  salver  of  metal,  resting  on  a  ^ 
stand  or  on  legs;  Sh.  Bid.,  46.  This  large  ; 
salver  is  used  as  a  central  rice-dish.  ; 


e 


\}  pahang.  The  name  of  a  Malay  state  on  the 
East  coast  of  the  Peninsula.  Sombong  anak 
Pahang :  arrogant  are  the  men  of  Pahang;  Prov. 


lfc\|    pahok.     A  valley,   a  stretch  of  comparatively 
low-lying  ground. 

j\^    paham.     [Arab.     ^   ]    Knowledge,  acquaint- 

r  ance  with ;  to  be  versed  in,  to  know  well.  Korang 

paham :  lack  of  understanding ;  Ht.  Abd.,  5,  3, 

182.     Salah  p.:  misunderstanding;   Ht.  Abd., 

139- 


^J^^    pahi.     I.     The  blade  of  a  buffalo-plough. 

II.     (Penang.)     A  book  used  in  working  out 
omens  and  horoscopes. 

(S^  paya.  A  swamp,  a  morass. 
Laksana  ikan  di-paya, 
Datang  kemarau  kering-lah  iya : 

like  fish  in  a  swamp  which  dries  up  when  there 
is  a  drought ;  in  a  precarious  position ;  Prov. 

^\^    payar.     Perahu  payar :  a  cruiser,  a  coast-guard 
^  ship,  a  light  war- vessel;  Pel.  Abd.,  8;  Ht.  Abd., 

12,  459. 

jjAoU    pais.     Fish  cooked  in  pisang-hnves;  fish  with 
onion  and  ginger  cooked  in  a  wrapper  of  leaf. 


i) Vd    payang.     Sampan  payang :  a  sea-going  fishing 
^  boat;  a  large  boat  for  fishing  in  almost  an} 

weather.     Pukatp.:  (Kedah)  id. 


jjV: 


any 


i)Vl    P^yong.     An  umbrella,  a  parasol,  a  sun-shade; 
Cl  shelter  under  an  umbrella;   (by  extension)  the 

head  of  a  nail. 

P.  uboT'tibor:  a  state  umbrella  with  a  heavy 
fringe;  Ht.  Bakht.,  14. 

P.  berapit:  two  small  umbrellas  borne  side  by 
side  in  the  train  of  a  prince;  Sej.  Mai.,  93,  122. 

P.  bawat:  a   (Javanese)    state  umbrella;  Ht. 
Mas.    Ed. 

P.  chetera :  a  sort  of  canopy  or  fringed 
umbrella;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  30. 

Payongkan  :  to  shelter  under  an  umbrella ;  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub.     Memayongkan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Ind.   Nata. 

The  umbrella  being  an  appurtenance  of 
Malay  royalty,  the  word  payong  is  used,  by  a 
complimentary  metaphor,  to  signify  **king*' 
or  "lord." 

Banyak    muda  stidah   ku   banding, 
Tuwan  sa-orang  payong   negeri  : 
many  youths  have  I  compared  (with  you),  but 
you  alone  are  king  of  this  place   (my   heart). 

i)U    ps^'yong.     The  player  of  the  male  sentimental 
C         part  in  a  ma'yong  performance.     See  ma'yong, 

Aj\i    paip.     Eng.     A  tobacco  or  opium  pipe. 


XjVl    pSbystk"     Berpayak-payak :   (Penang)    in    large 
(especially  unnecessarily  large)  quantities. 

*j\i    pa^ystU.     Brackish,  of  water;  insipid,  tasteless 
-^  or  tasting  unpleasant;  Pel.  Abd.,  147. 


5  payu.  Price,  sale-price;  precious.  Memutus- 
kan  p.  :  to  pay  the  price,  to  settle  the  account; 
Pel.  Abd.,  109,  Raja  asal  terpayti :  a  prince  of 
high  descent;  Sh,  Sri  Ben.,  86. 

AjU  payah.  Difficult,  of  a  work;  serious,  of  an 
illness;  poverty,  of  means.  Sakit  p,:  a  dan- 
gerous illness;  Ht.  Abd.,  9,  212,  446;  Ht.  Koris. 
Kepayahan :  difficulty ;  pecuniary  difficulty; 
poverty;  Sh.  Lamp.,  20. 


PABEYAN 


[    453    ] 


PfeTEK 


^ 


j^ 


\j^ 


pabeyan.  [  Jav,,  from  heya,  q.  v.]  A  custom- 
house, a  wharf;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  14. 

p8ta.  L  [Skr.  patta.]  A  sketch-plan;  a 
design ;  a  drawing ;  a  portrait  or  pictured 
representation  ;  to  draw,  delineate,  or  design. 
Gambar  itu  beharu  di-peta  :  that  picture  is  newly 
drawn  ;  Ht,  Ind.  Nata. 

Petakan  :  to  make  a  picture  or  sketch-plan 
of  anything.  Di-dalam  hati  sudah  di -petakan  : 
pictured  in  the  heart;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  33. 

11.     Pefa  ra'na  :  see  peterana. 

pfitaram.  A  small  keris  or  knife  ;  also  peteram, 
q.  V. 

petaka.  [  Skr.  pdtaka,  ]  Misfortune,  calamity. 
Usually  pestakay  q,  v. 

pfitala.  [Skr.  pdtdla.]  A  fold ;  a  layer ;  a 
stratum ; — used  of  the  seven  folds  of  heaven 
(tujoh  petala  langit)  and  of  the  seven  folds  of 
the  earth  ( ttij oh  petala  bumi).  An  account  of 
these  folds  is  found  in  the  Btistdnu's-sdlatin, 
Book  I. 

pgtaling.     A   tree  yielding   a     good    timber, 

ochanostachys  amentacea, 

P.  ayer  :  a  tree,  pachynocarpus  wallichii, 
P.  tandok  :  a  shrub,  aporosa  praineana. 

pStani.  The  name  of  a  state  on  the  East 
coast  of  the  Malay  Peninsula;  "Patani." 

petir.  A  clap  of  thunder;  thunder;  Sej.  MaL, 
152  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  363,  370.  Btmyi  p. :  the  sound 
of  thunder. 

Bain  p,  :  fossil  stone  weapons.  Also  battc 
lintar, 

putera,  or  (Kedah)  p6t§ra.  [Skr.  putra :  a 
son.]  A  child  of  a  royal  house,  a  prince ;  a 
son  (of  a  prince).  Putera  bendahara  :  the  son 
of  the  Bendahara;  Pel.  Abd.,  17.     CL puteri. 

Berptitera  :  to  be  delivered  of  a  son  or  daugh- 
ter (of  a  queen);  to  be  possessed  of  a   son. 

Empat  b. :  with  three  sons  ;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J., 
B.  empat :  to  have  four  sons,  Berputerakan : 
to  give  birth  to  a  son  or  daughter  (of  a  queen) ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  58. 

Keputeraan  :  the  position  of  a  prince. 

Pakaiyan  k. :  princely  attire;  Ht.  Perb,  Jaya. 


pSterabang. 

romances. 


An  ornament  mentioned  in  old 


pStSrana.  [Skr.  prastarana:  a  cushioned 
seat.]  A  seat  near  the  throne  ;  a  bench  used 
by  princes  of  the  blood ;  the  bench  on  which 
the  bride  and  bridegroom  sit  in  state  at  a 
wedding ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 
P.  lawangan :  the  forehatch  in  a  Malay  ship. 

This  word  is  pronounced  peta  ra'na  in  Kedah 
and  is  sometimes  written  petara'na  (Ht.  Ind. 
Meng.)  or  petaratena  (Ht.  Sh.  Kub.). 


^y^ 

^\y^ 


UT^ 


e 


lP 


pfitfiras.  (Kedah.)  Boasting, pride,  arrogance; 
from  teras  ?     Tunjok  p. :  to  brag. 

pataranggas.  (Kedah.)  An  evil  spirit  be- 
lieved by  Malays  to  take  the  form  of  a  woman. 
It  is  believed  to  be  generated  by  the  flow 
(ayer  tentuban)  at  childbirth,  and  not  to  be  the 
actual  spirit  of  a  woman  who  dies  in  or  before 
childbirth  (langsuwir).     Cf.  ptmtiyanak, 

pStSram.  A  dagger  used  by  women  in  Java; 
Ht.  Sh.     Also  petaranL 

pSt6rum.  Ubat  peterum  :  powder  in  cartridge 
for  use  with  artillery;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  17; 
cartridges  generally. 

putarwali.  A  kar  putarwali  :  a  medicinal  plant 
(lepidagaihis  longifolia  ?) ;  also  called  akar 
seruntum, 

patSri.     Solder  ;  v.      iSj^ ' 

puteri  or  (Kedah)  pdteri.  [Skr.  putri:  a 
daughter.]  The  daughter  of  a  prince,  a  princess, 
a  fairy.  Tuwan  p,  :  a  princess.  P.  gunong 
ledang  :  the  fairy  of  Mt.  Ophir. 

P.  main:  the  "modest  princess;"  a  name 
given  to  the  sensitive  plant. 

Bnnga  />. :  a  flower  (grammatophyllum  specto- 
sum  ?) 

Buroiig  sepah  p. :  a  bird  (unidentified) ;  Ht, 
Ind.  Meng. 

Daun  p, :  a  plant  (mussoenda  frondosa  ?) 

PiUing  p, :  a  cockle-shell. 

pfitas.  I.  A  disturbance  in  water  caused  by 
little  bubbles  coming  to  the  surface. 

II.  [Onom.  ?  or  Eng.  petards  ?]  Crackers, 
noisy  fireworks.  Memasangp. :  to  fire  crackers ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  292,  293. 

III.  Beras-petas:  (Riau,  Johor)  all  kinds  of 
rice,  rice  generally ;  (Kedah)  beras  keretas. 

IV.  Onom.  A  sound  such  as  that  of  a  man 
cracking  his  whip. 

pgtang.  Afternoon,  evening.  P.  hari  :  late  in 
the  day.  Kepetangan  :  overtaken  by  evenfall ; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  loi.  Petang-petang  :  evening 
after  evening ;  every  evening  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  36. 

pSting.  I.  A  jerk  with  the  thumb  and  finger 
or  with  the  tips  of  the  fingers ;  jerking  away 
(a  small  object). 

IL  Tepeting'pUing :  (Kedah)  showing  one- 
self off  in  public ;  self-display  ;  swagger. 

patpat.  Patpat  lang:  a  children*s  game  in 
which  the  players  stand  one  behind  the  other, 
each  child  holding  the  one  in  front  by  the 
waist.  In  Kedah  the  word  is  pronounced 
pa'pa'4ang, 

pStek.  Plucking,  picking,  gathering ;  drawing 
away  anything  held  between  finger  and  thumb; 
touching  the  strings  of  a  musical  instrument 


57 


PJ^TAM 


[    454    ] 


PfcDATI 


r 


U5 


played  with  the  fingers.  Bunga  di-petek,  perdu 
di'tendang :  the  flower  is  gathered,  the  stalk 
thrown  away  ;  the  daughter  is  loved  while  the 
mother  is  neglected  ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  92. 
Kuntum  Mharu  di-pUeki  a  newly  plucked 
blossom;  Sh,  Bid.,  21. 

Memetek :  to  pluck,  to  pick ;  to  play  a 
stringed  instrument.  M.  bunga  ayer  mawar  : 
to  pick  a  rose;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  15. 

Petek  is  also  used  with  the  special  significa- 
tions of  (i)  bleeding  by  opening  a  vein ;  (2) 
cracking  the  finger  and  thumb  together; 
(3)  the  backward  jerk  or  recoil  of  stretched 
elastic. 

pStam.  A  frontlet  worn  by  a  bride  over  her 
fringe  of  short  hair  (andam);  the  frontlet  of  a 
horse. 


patma.     [Skr.  padma.] 
Yat.,  114. 


A   lotus;    Ht.   Ism. 


^  \ii    petamari.       [Port.  ?]      A  one-masted  sailing 
^J  vessel ;  Pel.  Abd.,  132. 

\^    p6tuwa.     [Arab,  fatwa.]     A  legal  decision  or 
-^^      ruling  ;  a  statement  made  with  authority;  the 

advice  of  the  experienced ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak,,  65. 

Also  petuwah. 


pgtutu.     I.     The  name  of  a  fish  (unidentified). 
IL     A  tree,  hibiscus  floccosus. 

pStola.  1.  The  name  of  a  rich  cloth.  Ber- 
sabok  p.  :  wearing  a  plaid  of  this  rich  cloth, 
Ht.  Sh. 

H.  A  generic  name  given  to  a  number  of 
pumpkins  ;  a  pumpkin ;  Ht.  Gh.  Also  (Riau, 
Johor)  ketola, 

P.  hutan  :    liiffa  acutangula,     Akar p.  hutan  : 
aristolochia  roxburghiana. 
P.  manis  :  luffa  cylindrica, 
P,  ular:  trichosanthes  anguina. 


pStuwah.       [Arab 
a  point  of  law.] 


«y> :  decision  of  a  mufti  on 
A  precept,  a  formula;   a 


^ 


traditional  rule  {e.g.  in  wood-craft  or  jungle- 
craft)  such  as  is  regularly  followed  though 
without  knowledge  of  the  reasons  on  which  it  is 
based;  the  advice  of  the  experienced;  the 
statements  of  those  who  know. 

pStai.  I.  A  tree  yielding  a  pod  which  is 
very  offensive  in  smell;  parkia  biglandulosa ; 
Pel.  Abd.,  37.  Bagai  petai  sisa  pengait :  like 
pHai  beans,  the  leavings  of  the  reaping-hook  ; 
not  worth  even  picking  up  ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 

in.,  23. 

p.  belalang :  pithecolobium  microcarpum, 
P.  laut :  desmodium  umbetlatum. 

pSti.  Tarn.  A  box,  a  case,  a  chest.  Apiyim 
^i/te*^/.:  two  chests  of  opium;  Ht.  Abd.,  loi. 
P.  bisi :  a  safe.  Sa-buwah  p. :  a  box ;  Ht.  Abd., 
220,  284,  303. 


p^timan.  A  cauldron  or  saucepan  for 
cooking  rice ;  see  tim. 

pSjfira.  The  sighting-bead  of  a  gun ;  to  take 
aim ;  to  look  along  the  barrels  at  the  bead. 

pgjal.  Hard,  of  flesh;  not  easily  pressed  or 
pinched. 

pSjam.  The  closing  of  the  eyes.  Supaya 
smang  mata  abang  pejam  :  that  your  eyes,  my 
brother,  may  readily  close;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
Mata-nya  pejam :  his  eyes  were  closed ;  Ht. 
Koris,  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

pSchachal.  (Kedah.)  A  slave  by  descent; 
cf.  pachaL 


^^^^   pSchat.     To  remove  from  offtce ;  to  dismiss ; 

*       to  get  rid  of ;  to  deprive  of  royal  favour;  to 

lose.     Di'pechatkan    Allah    makanan-mu:  may 

God  deprive  you  of  food ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  262. 

^2^    pSchut.     A  whip ;  setting  on  or  urging  on  a 

^       horse  with  a  whip.     Kuda  di-pechut :  the  horse 

was  urged  on  ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  65. 

Memechut :  to  whip  on,  to  urge  on  (a  horse) ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub,,  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Pedmtkan :  id., 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

^  J    pachdri.     A  dish;  brinjal  cooked  in  a  certain 
— ^     way. 

45j\5^   pSchakari.  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  syringe;  (Kedah) 
"•^      ^      pichagari, 

(Sj^^  pichagari.     See  pechakari. 

pSchah.  Breakage  into  fragments ;  to  break 
up,  to  break  open,  to  break  out,  to  burst ;  to  be 
broken,  of  a  line  of  battle  ;  to  spread,  of  news ; 
to  become  public,  of  a  secret.  P.  perang :  the 
breaking  of  a  line  of  battle.  P.  peloh  :  to  burst 
into  perspiration,  as  an  angry  man.  P. 
rahasiya :  the  pubHcation  of  a  secret,  Ht. 
Hamz.,  3.  P.  ka-darah  :  a  suffusion  of  blood 
under  the  skin,  caused  by  a  blow.  Rayat  pun 
pechah'lah  cherai-berai :  the  troops  were  broken 
and  scattered  in  all  directions;  Ht,  Ind.  Nata. 
Pechahkan  and  memechahkan :  to  break  into  ; 
to  break  open;  Ht.  Abd.,  322,  323. 

pada.  By,  at,  near,  in,  according  to.  Pada 
masa  itu :  at  that  time.  Pada  pikiran  sehaya  : 
in  my  opinion.     Padaakhir-nya:  finally. 

Dari-pada :  (i)  from ;  (2)  than ;  v.  dari. 

Ka-pada :  to  (a  place). 

\ J^    pSda.     Preserved  fish  ;  =  budu. 


Ji 


a^ 


,ji 


pMati.  A  car,  a  waggon,  a  wheeled  vehicle. 
PMaii  yang  bermuwat  hirta :  carts  laden  with 
goods;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  P.  miriyam:  a  gun- 
carriage;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  16.  P.  radin  galoh: 
the  car  of  a  princess;  Ht.  Sh.  P.  Mrbau: 
a  buffalo-cart ;  Ht.  Abd.,  252, 


P]gDADA 


[    455    ] 


P&RAWIS 


JU 


iA9 


(5j->3 


^Jl3 


'-X9 


w_3J3 


J^ 


PJJJ^ 


•JJJ3 


pSdada.  A  name  given  to  the  berembang  tree, 
sonneratia  acida;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

pSdaka.  I.  [Skr.  pdddka.]  A  collar  with 
pendent  ornaments,  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.  P.  sustm 
telu  :  a  collar  of  this  sort  with  three  rows  of 
pendants ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 

n.  (Kedah)  The  plank  protecting  the  body 
in  a  Malay  grave.     See  daka, 

HI.  A  sort  of  gateway  or  lodge  with  seats 
such  as  is  seen  in  the  Straits  at  the  entrance 
to  gardens  and  grounds. 

pedali.  A  plant  (unidentified)  of  the  water- 
lily  type;  Ht.  Ism,  Yat.,  114. 

pSdar.  Strong  and  unpleasant,  of  taste; 
extreme  acidity ;  extremely  rancid.     Cf.  pedas. 

paderi.  [Spanish  padre,]  A  priest ;  a  clergy- 
man ;  Ht.  Abd.,  135,  174,  176. 

pedas.  Biting,  of  taste;  pungency.  Siapa 
makan  chabai  tya4ah  merasa  pedas:  whoever 
eats  red  pepper  will  find  that  it  makes  him 
smart ;  every  man  must  bear  the  consequences 
of  his  own  acts;  Prov.,  J.S.  A.  S.,  H.,  140. 
This  proverb  is  often  used  as  an  equivalent 
of  our  proverb  "  if  the  cap  fits,  wear  it.'* 

pSdang.  A  sword,  a  sabre.  P.  berUlanjang : 
a  naked  sword;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz.  P.  ^nemedang : 
to  fight  with  swords,  Ht.  Ind.  Nata,  P. 
kerajaan:  a  sword  of  state;  Sej.  Mai.,  92. 

p6dap.  Sucking  up  moisture, — used  of  a  man 
drying  a  smooth  surface  by  pressing  his  hand- 
kerchief on  it,  etc.     Kartds  p, :  blotting  paper. 

p6dal.  The  gizzard.  Also  hempedaly  and 
empedal. 


\jkj^    pad§ma.   [Skr, padma.]   The  lotus;  see /a^aw. 

\^;j^  pSddna.  A  large  wide-mouthed  jar  or  tub, 
usually  of  earthenware;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.;  Ht. 
Hamz.,  2. 


pSdSndang.     Kain  pedendang:  braid  such  as 
is  used  on  soldiers'  uniforms. 


pSdendang.  L  Buwah  pedendang :  a  fruit 
(unidentified).  Maia-nya  saperti  buwah  peden- 
dang masak :  with  eyes  like  the  ripe  pedendang 
fruit;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

II.    A     plant    with     pretty     flowers;    the 
oleander;  Kl. 


OaJ^    paduka.     See  pdduka. 


6^ 


pddukang,     Ikan  pedukang:    (Kedah)  a    fish 
somewhat  resembling  the  ikan  dim,  ■*- 


pSduli.  [Arab,  fadlulu] 
concern  oneself  about, 
do  not  care. 


To  care   about,   to 
Sehaya   ta^-peduli :  I 


c^^ 


J3 


oJi 


pSdoman,  [Jav.  dontf  a  needle;  =  jar um.] 
A  compass;  Ht.  Abd.,  184,  482.  Belayar 
tiyada  berpedoman  :  to  sail  without  a  compass ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Also  (Riau,  Johor)  pendoman, 
and  (Kedah)  penoman, 

p§dah.     A  hint,  a  suggestion,  a  premonition, 

pMeh.  A  smarting  sensation;  the  smarting 
of  the  eyes  in  a  glare  or  when  a  foreign  body 
enters  them ;  Pel.  Abd.,  16 ;  smarting  in  the 
ears  or  in  the  stomach.  Hati  p, :  (literally) 
a  feeling  of  costiveness;  (by  metaphor)  a 
sensation  of  anger.  Rasa  pedeh  chuping 
telinga  :  do  your  ears  smart ;  do  you  like  the 
sound  of  what  I  am  telling  you ;  Prov. 

fy\jlji    pSdewakan.     A  Bugis  trading  vessel. 

4jJlI  pSdiyah.  [Arab.  <>..>.]  A  fine  paid  in  atone- 
ment for  some  offence  such  as  not  observing 
a  fast  or  not  attending  mosque  with  regularity. 


y\J 


pSrabu.  The  prince;  a  princely  title  occur- 
ring in  romances  taken  from  the  Javanese. 
Also  perbu. 

Perabuwan;  (i)  majesty,  dignity;  princely, 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. ;  (2)  a  palace,  Ht.  Sh.  Kepera- 
buwan :  id.  Kena  sinar  keperabuwan  S^ri 
Betara :  to  feel  the  rays  of  the  king's  majesty ; 
to  see  the  king ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed, 


yr)^ 


pSrajU.     Bimga    peraju : 
fied) ;  Ht.  Sh. 


a  flower   (unidenti- 


^\^    pgrada,     [Port,  prata,]     Gold  or  silver  leaf 

y        cut  into  patterns  ;  tinsel ;  gold  plate.    Bersa- 

bok  p, :  with  a  scarf  of  tinsel ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

PtnUi  ttdts  p. :  a   door    adorned  with   tinsel; 

Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  37, 


pirasat.     The  art  of  telling  character  by  the 
face;  Arab,  ifirdsat,  q.  v. 


jV«\3   pSrasan.    See  rasa. 


pSrangai.  Nature,  disposition,  innate  charac- 
ter. Perangai-nya  jahat :  he  was  of  an 
evil  disposition.  Terlalu  baik  pirangai  dan 
kelakuwan  :  excellence  of  character  and 
behaviour ;  Ht.  Abd.,  360. 

pSrawas.     A  medicinal  plant ;  lindera,  sp. 

pSrawis.     Ingredients,  factors,  materials. 

I   Ikan  peduhang  berhelang-hMang 
Akan-akan  bagai  than  duri: 
Jangan  di4anghah  kayn  melentang 
Mara  besar  dudok  menanti. 


PfiRAWAN 


[    456    ] 


p£ras 


o^? 


y^^? 


perawan.  A  maiden,  a  virgin,  virginity. 
Tiyada  ^ddat  orang  perawan  hela :  it  is  not  the 
custom  that  maidens  should  sacrifice  them- 
selves (on  the  funeral  pile  of  men) ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Terona  melihat  perawan  :  a  bachelor  seeing  a 
maiden;    Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  41. 

The  word  anak  dara  is   commoner   in   this 
sense. 

pSrahu.  A  generic  name  for  boats  and  ships ; 
a  vessel  in  general  as  opposed  to  one  of  any 
special  type.  At  present  a  distinction  is 
drawn  between  native-built  vessels  (pirahu) 
and  ships  of  European  types  (kapal), 

Anak  p. y  or  awak  p. :  the  crew;  J,   S.  A.  S., 
III.  65. 


u-^  pSrba  or  purba.  [Skr.  purwa,]  Ancient, 
former.  Perba  kala :  the  days  of  old  ;  the  past ; 
Ht.  Bakht.,  83 ;  Sej.  MaL,  51. 

J^ji  pgrbani.  Extreme,  of  the  tide ;  high  or  low, 
of  the  tidal  flow  at  its  highest  or  lowest.  Ayer 
timpasp, :  high  water. 

j]j^  pSrbu.  Prince,  king;  a  variant  oiperabu,  q.  v. 
Bunga  perbu  negara,  a  flower  (unidentified);  Ht. 
Koris. 


p6rat.      Acrid,    sour.       Terong   p. :    a    small 
brfnjal,  solanum  aculeatissum. 


^    pgret.     I.     Fetid,  of  smell 


^y 


n.  A  convulsive  twitching  or  feeling  about 
the  body;  a  ticklish  sensation  (in  a  healing 
wound). 

HI.     A  bird  (unidentified) ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

p6rut.  The  stomach, the  belly;  (by extension) 
the  uterus,  Ht.  Best. 

Bawa p. :  to  "cadge"  for  a  meal. 

Kirim  p. :  to  send  a  retaining  fee  (upah  bidan) 
to  a  midwife  when  a  woman  is  in  the  seventh 
month  of  her  pregnancy. 

Penyapu  p. :  a  nickname  given  to  the  youngest 
of  a  family. 

pfirtala.  Pertala  bayu :  a  magical  steed 
(kendaraan)  ;  Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

pgrtama.  [Skr.  prathama,]  First.  Yang 
pertama:  the  first.  Sampai-lah  iya  kapada 
pertama  tentara  raja  Iskandar :  he  reached  the 
vanguard  of  King  Alexander's  army ;  Ht.  Isk. 
Dz. 


portugis  or  pgrtugis. 
p. :  Portugal. 


u4^    pfirtulus.     A  guide ;  Maxw, 


Portuguese.    Negeri 


Portugal.     Portugal.   Kapitan  Portugal  indBra  : 
the  Portuguese  royal  commissioner;  Ht,  Koris. 


iSji^j^ 


E^ 


c^V 


jV 


pSrtewi.  [Skr.  prithiwi.]  The  earth;  the 
name  of  the  mother  of  Bhauma  in  the 
Hikdyat  Sang  Samba.  Nagap.:  the  **  Earth- 
dragon  "  ;  the  name  of  a  formation  in  line  of 
battle  (ikat  perang)  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 


pgrcha.     I.     A  rag,  a  piece  of  cloth. 
percha  merah  :  a  red  cloth ;  Ht.  Md. 
75- 

n.     Pulau  percha  :  Sumatra. 


Suwatu 
Hanaf., 


pfirchaya.  To  trust ;  to  believe  ;  to  have  con- 
fidence in.  Harap  ada  perchaya  tidak  :  to  hope 
for  something  but  not  to  expect  it;  Prov. 
Jangan  kita  perchaya  yang  demikiyan :  let  us  not 
believe  such  things  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  17.  Perchaya 
dengan  tiyada  di-choba :  belief  without  testing ; 
faith ;  Ht.  Abd.,  4.  P.  angin :  belief  that  is 
not  real  belief;  acceptance  without  comprehen- 
sion. 

Keperchayaan  :  trust,  confidence.  Orang  yang 
keperchayaan :  a  man  in  a  position  of  trust ;  a 
servant  in  whom  implicit  reliance  is  placed. 


pgrchit.     To  gush  or  spring  forth,- 
springing  from  a  spout. 


-of  water 


pSrSchup.  Onom.  To  clap  the  hands  by 
way  of  urging  on  any  combat. 

pgr§chek.     See  rSckek, 

p6rachau.  [Siam.:  pra  chau,]  A  Siamese 
royal  title ;  the  King  of  Siam,  as  occasionally 
described  among  Malays. 

p^rdana.  I.  [Skr,  pradhana.]  Perdana  mun- 
teri :  the  chief  minister ;  the  prime  minister. 

n.  Excellent,  exquisite, — of  the  appearance 
(Ht.  Ind.  Meng.),  or  of  the  voice  (Ht.  Si 
Misk.,  48). 

pSrdu.  The  base  of  a  tree-trunk ;  the  visible 
part  of  the  root.  P.  buloh  belong :  the  base 
of  the  giant  bamboo ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  P.  nytor : 
the  visible  part  of  a  coco-nut  root.  Bunga 
di-petek,  perdu  di-tendang :  the  flower  is  plucked, 
the  root  is  kicked;  ingratitude,  especially 
that  of  a  man  who  cherishes  his  wife  but 
neglects  her  mother;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I., 
92.  Daun  dapat  di-layang,  getahjatoh  ka-perdu 
juga :  a  leaf  may  be  borne  away  by  the  breeze 
but  the  tree-sap  must  fall  near  its  foot ; 
acquaintances  .may  desert  you  but  blood 
relations  fall  with  you ;  Prov. 


pSrduli.      [Arab, 
concerned  about. 


fadMli.]      To   care, 
Also  peduli. 


to   be 


pgrdah  or  pgr6dah.  The  handle  of  a 
chopper  or  hatchet.  Kerawat  p. :  the  fastener 
of  the  blade  to  the  handle. 

pSras.  Onom.  Peras-peras :  the  rustling  sound 
of  clothing  when  the  wearer  walks ;  the  swish 
of  garments. 

Peras  perus :  the  sound  of  a  man  blowing 
his  nose. 


PiRUS 


[    457    ] 


P&ROAM 


yj^^    pSrus.     L     Gruff,  unfriendly. 
II.     Seeperas* 


:>Ly5 


VwJ^A'M/ fad 


pSrsada.  Pancha  persada :  a  decorated  bath- 
ing place  (usually  of  temporary  construction) 
in  which  the  ceremonial  ablutions  at  the  close 
of  Malay  wedding-festivities  take  place. 

p§rs§tuwa.  [Skr.  prastawa.]  Sa-kali  per- 
setuwa :  "Once  upon  a  time"; — a  common 
commencement  for  stories.  Pada  sa-kali 
persetuwa :  id. 

pgrsangga.  [Pers.  farsang,]  A  '' parasang"  ; 
a  measure  of  length ;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  8. 

pgrsanggarahan.  A  rest-house  for  travellers 
(in  Java),  Ht.  Mas  Ed.  ;=:persmggahan,  from 
singgahf  q.  v. 


fj^^    pdrsen.     I.     Eng.     Present,  gift. 
II,     Eng.     Per  cent. 

A.^  J    p§rSseh.      Pure  white,   bright,   clear,   frank ; 
-^       Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Ht.  Bakht.,  i8 ;  Sh.   Kumb. 
Chumb.,  2. 

^S    parsi.     Persian.     Better farst. 


y 


pgrang.  War,  battle;  the  Hne  of  battle. 
Ikat  p. :  the  line  of  battle.  Imam  p. :  a  leader 
in  war.  Gendang  p.  :  a  war-drum.  Berperang : 
to  go  to  war ;  to  fight ;  to  be  at  war ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  12, 98, 252  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  144.  Peperangan : 
warfare  ;  a  state  of  war;  Ht.  Abd.,  12. 


£/ 


pereng. 

urinal. 


A  fetid    smell   such   as   that   of  a 


•^i   pSrenggan. 

^-^  -^      perhinggaan. 


Frontier,     boundary,    limit  ;= 

Hampir  dengan  perenggan  negeri 

Petani:  near  the  Patani  frontier;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 


P-. 


i    p6ranggll.     A  set,  suit.    Sa-perangguwan  :  id. 

\/^      Peranggu pakaiyan  :  suit  of  clothes;  Ht.  Mar, 

Mah. ;    Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Ht.    Sh. ;    Ht.    Perb. 

Jaya.      Sa-perangguwan     bufang :    a     set     of 

buttons;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb. 


Api    pgrunggu.     Bell-metal. 


s^. 


'■y 


i.  i    p§ringgi,     [Pers.  fartngi.]    A  Frank,  a  Euro- 
"^      pean  ;  (in  the  Sejarah  Melayu)  a  Portuguese. 
Kait  p. :  a  kind  of  herring-bone  embroidery. 


^A    perap.     To  fly  at  an  enemy,  of  a  fowl;  (by 
-^      extension  of  meaning)  a  pugnacious  disposition 
on  the  part  of  a  woman  ;  anxiety  to  have  the 
last  word. 


^  i   pgrgpat. 
-^      Shi.,  7. 


A   tree   (unidentified)  ;    Sh,    Pant. 


P.  bukit :  a  tree,  cupania  lessertiana. 
The   perepat    very    closely   resembles     the 
berimbang  (sonneratia  acida). 


^j3   pgrak. 


jy 


ui^ 


I.    Starting ;  a  startled  look  or  nervous 

quiver ;  a  timorous  side-glance  such  as  that  of 
a  nervous  man  when  in  a  state  of  needless 
apprehension.     See  changak, 

11.  [Siam. :  pra.]  A  well-known  Siamese 
title  ;  a  ^*  pra^^'  often  grandiloquently  translated 
as  "count." 

p6rok.     To  stow  away  carelessly ;  to  put  apart 

anything  in  a  hole  or  drawer  where  it  may  be 
out  of  the  way. 

p§reksa.     [  Skr.    pariksha,  ]     Investigation, 

examination,  looking  into  things.  Ttga  hart  sa- 
kali  nanti  aku  pereksa  akan  herti-herti  perkataan 
itu  :  three  times  a  day  will  I  question  you 
regarding  the  meaning  of  those  words;  Ht. 
Abd.,  41. 

Pereksat  and  memereksai :  to  question,  to 
examine;  Ht.  Abd.,  306,  325,  337,  435, 

pSraksi.  Material  used  for  perfume  ;  flower 
petals,  etc.     See  raksi. 

p§rkara.  [Skr.  prakdra,]  A  matter,  an  affair, 
an  article  or  business.  Habis-lah  perkara  : 
there  is  an  end  of  the  business.  Keduwa  p.  : 
the  second  point  is.  Sehayapinta  duwa  perkara 
sehaja :  I  ask  two  things  only ;  Ht.  Abd.,  30. 
Ikan  dan  daging  dan  perkara  yang  berdarah : 
fish  and  flesh  and  everything  that  contains 
blood  (mammals  of  all  sorts) ;  Ht.  Abd.,  104. 

pSrkasa.  [Skr.  prakasha,]  Brave,  gallant, 
distinguished  for  valour.     Gagah  p.  :  id. 

pgrkasam.     A  preparation  of  fish  ;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
III.,  41.     Better  pekasanty  q.  v, 

pSrkakas.     Instrument,   contrivance ;   means 
for  doing  anything. 

Perkakas  kacha :  a  machine  of  glass ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  354.     Perkakasan :  machinery,  appliances. 

Perkakasan  chap  :  appliances  for  printing;  Ht. 
Abd.,  167. 

cS ^    pSrSkat.     Lime,   mortar,  cement,   glue;   any 
-^      sticky     compound     for     holding     materials . 
together ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata ;  Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  9. 

VJS  3    pSrSksa.      Examination,    investigation.      See 
pereksa, 

>Sj^    pSrkutut.    Jav.     The  dove,  Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  = 
(Malay)  iekukor. 

\S^    pfirgnl.    [Dutch  :  verguld,]    Gilt ;  silver-plated. 
Mas  pergtil :  plated  with  gold ;  gold  plating. 

5j^    pSrgam.     The  well-known  large  wood-pigeon  ; 
r  the  "  imperial  pigeon,"  carpophaga  aenea,  and 

carpophaga  badia. 


PfeRGI 


[    458    ] 


PiRUN 


^j^  p6rgi.  To  go,  to  proceed.  Hendak4ah  aku 
pergi  ka-Riyau  :  I  shall  go  to  Riau.  Bukan-nya 
baik  belajar  daripada  pergi  dengan  iiyada 
berfdtdah  :  is  it  not  better  to  study  than  to  go 
on  in  this  profitless  way ;  Ht.  Abd.,  36. 

Often  pronounced  p^ggi- 

m3    pSrul.     A  Penang  variant  oipemwi,  q.  v. 

•jb^3  pSrlahan.  Slowly,  quietly,  tranquilly. 
^  Berkata  dengan  p. :  to  speak  quietly,  Perlahan- 
perlahan,  jangan  gopoh-gopoh  :  quietly,  quietly ; 
do  not  do  it  hurriedly.  Berjalan  dengan 
perlahan :  to  walk  slowly.  In  "  Bazaar  '*  Malay 
the  word  is  often  pronounced  ^^plan.'' 

<J*V^  pSrSlus.  Stepping  where  the  soil  gives  way 
under  you  or  where  a  hole  is  unexpectedly  met 
with  ;  putting  one's  foot  into  bad  places. 

Chachak   senjata  panjang  pendek, 
Binaiang   teperehis   matt   termla: 

stick  weapons  long  and  short  (point  upwards) 
on  the  ground  and  the  beast  will  set  foot  on 
them  and  die  impaled  on  their  points. 


pSrSlang.        Glitter,     flashing,     coruscating. 
See  relangy  and  cf.  chcmerelangf  gemerelang,  etc. 


1L5    pSrlak.     A  Malay  state  in  Sumatra. 


pfirlenteh. 

debauched. 


(Riau,  Johor.)     Dissolute;    idle; 
Also  (Kedah)  pelente. 


ij 


(^ 


p§rlu.  [  Arab.  u^.  ]  Necessary,  compul- 
sory, obligatory.  Used  of  an  injunction  of 
religion  being  obligatory  on  all  Muhammadans, 
and  not  merely  inculcated  as  a  merit. 

pSrli.  (Penang.)  Shirking  work;  pretending 
to  work  but  not  really  working. 

pSram.     I.     Memeram:  to  coo,  of  doves;  Kl. 

11.     Storing  fruit  while  still  unripe  with  a 
view  to  its  ripening  while  stored. 

Btiwah   berembang  masak   rantmt, 
Masak  di'peram  dalam  guwa; 

Kumbang  lalu,   bunga   tersmnymn, 
Sa-ekor  belalang  tumpang   tertawa: 

the  berembang  fruit  has  become  fully  ripe ;  it 
ripened  while  stored  in  the  cave. 

pSrum,  or  (Kedah)  pSrom.  The  lead  used 
for  sounding.  Batu  p. :  id.  Membuwang  p. : 
to  heave  the  lead. 

Burong  gagak   terbang  mending, 
Singgah  hinggap   di-hutan  tarum ; 

Malim  pekak,   kapiian   bisti, 

Di-Ungah  latii  di-buwang  perum : 

the  mate  is  hard  of  hearing  and  the  captain 
is  dumb ;  the  lead  has  been  heaved  in  mid- 
ocean. 

juS    pSrmata.     [Skr.    paramdta?]     A     gem,     a 
precious  stone,     Berchinchin  di-permata  intan : 


r^ 


o^J 


oy 


oy 


with  a  ring  jewelled  with  a  diamond;  Ht. 
Ind.  Meng.  Permata  jatoh  di-rumput  gilang  : 
a  gem  fallen  on  the  grass  continues  to  glitter ; 
true  worth  shines  out  in  any  surroundings ; 
Prov.,  cf.  s.  V.  embun.  Saperti  chinchin  dengan 
permata :  like  a  ring  and  its  gem ;  harmonizing 
exactly;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  96.  Bepermata: 
gemmed;  studded  with  gems;  Sej,  Mai.,  25. 

pSrmatang.  Rising  ground  in  padi-^eXdiS ; 
the  remnants  of  old  beaches  or  sandbanks 
which  stretch  at  intervals  across  low-lying 
swamps  near  the  sea.  This  high  sandy  soil 
serves  to  grow  coco-nuts  and  to  furnish  dry 
building-land  for  workers  in  the  adjoining 
padi-fi^ds. 

Also  {Keddih.)  pematang.     From  batang,  q.  v. 

pfirmana.  [  Skr.  pramdna :  measure.  ] 
Tiyada  tepermanai  lagi  banyak-nya :  their 
numbers  were  beyond  calculation, — a  common 
description  of  an  army  in  ancient  Malay 
romances.     Pronounced  Upermenai. 

pSrambut.  Invulnerability  against  weapons. 
P.  senjata :   id. 

permadani.  [Old  Jav.  paramadami ;  modern 
Jav. :  prang  wedaniJ]  A  rug  for  the  floor, — 
in  contradistinction  to  a  roll  of  carpeting 
(hamparan)  or  matting  (tikar), 

p^rimpin.  Tali  perimpin :  a  rope  in  the 
rigging  of  a  Malay  boat;   the  bolt-rope? 

pgrgmpuwan.     A  woman.     See  empu, 

permai.  I.  [An  abbreviation  of  permaisuri, 
q.  v.]  Queen  ;  Sh.  Bid.,  3.  P.  mengindera  :  id.; 
Sh.  A.  R,  S.  J.,  29. 

II.  Fair,  pretty,  lovely,  beautiful,  e,g,,  of 
beautiful  cloth  (Ht.  Koris),  or  of  a  girPs 
tresses  (Ht.  Ind.  Meng.),  or  even  of  a  fine 
road  (Ht.  Mas  Edan),  or  beautiful  tank  (Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  87). 


pSrmisi. 

pass ;  Sh. 


[Dutch  :   permissie,] 
Lamp.,  44. 


A    permit,   a 


pSrmaisuri.  [Skr.  parameswari.]  A  queen; 
the  wife  of  a  reigning  sovereign.  P.indera: 
the  principal  wife  of  a  sovereign ;  Ht.  Ism, 
Yat.  P.  kwtn  (queen)  :  the  Queen ;  the  title 
by  which  Her  late  Majesty  Queen  Victoria 
was  generally  known  in  the  Straits. 

p6ran.  A  clown  or  comedian ;  the  name 
given  to  the  character  in  a  ma'yong  theatrical 
performance  who  takes  the  comic  part  and 
acts  as  a  sort  of  friend  to  the  "  jeune  premier" 
(pa'yong)  who  takes  the  sentimental  part.  The 
peran  is  sometimes  known  as  the  awang  from 
the  name  attached  to  his  part, 

pSrun.  The  final  burning  of  felled  vegetation 
on  a  clearing.  The  process  is  to  fell  jungle, 
then  to   burn  as  much  as  possible,   then   to 


PfiRNAMA 


[    459    ] 


PfiRUWAN 


destroy  by  a  second  burning  and  clearing 
whatever,  owing  to  the  freshness  of  its  wood, 
has  survived  the  first  burning. 

Tebang  kayu  nak   buwat  htmiay 
Sudah   di'bakar   beharu   memenm; 

Kumbang  melayu  tiyada  berguna, 
Hilcmg  seri  bunga  dt-kebun : 

cut  down  the  wood  to  make  a  />ai/-clearing, 
when  you  have  burnt  it,  burn  it  once  again. 

In  some  cases  (where  the  first  burning  has 
been  very  effective)  perun  is  used  of  merely 
removing  the  charred  remnants  and  not  re- 
burning  them. 

The  word  is  also  used  of  the  soft  calcined 
wood  at  the  end  of  a  half-burnt  stump 
(puntong),  Harimau  puntong  perun :  a  variety 
(from  its  colour)  of  the  black  panther. 

A^j^  pgmama    or  pumama.      [Skr.  pumdma.'] 
Full,  of  the  moon.   Btdan  p. :  the  full  moon. 

Punggok   berbunyi   di-cherang  rimba, 
Gila  chehaya  pumama   btdan : 

the  owFs  note  is  sounded  in  the  clearings  of 
the  forest  as  it  maddens  (with  love)  for  the 
glowing  beauty  of  the  moon  at  its  full. 

Pumama  is  also  used  as  a  measure  of  time, 
e.  g.  sa-puloh  p.  :  ten  full  moons  hence ; 
tiga  p. :  three  full  moons  hence  ;  Sh.  UL,  i ; 
Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  15. 

4Xi^  perentah.  Rule,  government,  sway,  direction, 
order.  P.  inggeris  :  British  rule.  Datang4ah 
perentah  dart  Betawi :  an  order  came  from 
Batavia ;  Ht.  Abd.,  11. 

Memerentah :  to  rule ;  to  order  about ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  176.  Merentah  :  to  order  about,  of  a 
queen  ordering  about  her  maids  of  honour ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Pemerenfah  :  a  ruler  ;  Sh.  Pr.  Turk.,  4. 

j^  pSranja.     A    scaffolding    in    successive  tiers, 

^       such  as  the  succession   of  seats   at   a  circus ; 

galleries  of  seats  one  above  the  other.     The 

word  is   also   used    of    some    forms    of   the 

dovecote. 


pSranjat.     Terperanjat :    startled,     frightened, 
suddenly  alarmed. 


7^^  pSrunjong.     A  measure  of  length ;  v.  unjong. 


pSranchit  and  pgranchut.  To  fly  in  all 
directions,  as  the  fragments  of  a  stone  when 
struck  by  a  bullet  or  as  the  contents  of  a 
tub  when  the  tub  is  emptied  out  with  a 
strong  jerk. 


K^^^  pgrinchit.     A  singing-bird  (unidentified). 

4^lJ  pSranchah.      The    wooden   scaffolding   of  a 
*         house ;  KL,  Pijn.,  v,  d.  W.     Cf.  peranja. 


J3j3  pSranda.     See  randa,  and  pomk. 


jJJ^    pgrindun.     A  brood;  a  hatch;  all  the  children 
of  a  single  mother  ;.  v.  indoL 

^j*^ji    p&rensis.    Eur.    French ;  Ht.  Abd.,  194,  345, 

4j^    perSnah,  or  pgmah.    Ever.   Belum  p, :   never 
yet.     Tiyada  />.,  or  ta'-p, :  never. 

Per  aim   kechil,   layar   ka4engah, 
Haliiwan  menujn  ka-Bukit  Tambun ; 

Dart   kechil  sehaya   ta^-pernah 

Malam   berpanasy  styang   berembtm  : 

from  my  childhood  up  I  have  never  known 
sunshine  by  night  or  dew  by  day ; — an  ex- 
pression of  wonder  or  doubt  at  an  improbable 
story ;  Prov. 

^ji    p6mi  or  p6r6ni.     A   large  Chinese   bowl   of 
porcelain  ;  it  is  used  for  preserving  gold  fish. 

A^3    pSrwara.     [Skr.  prawdra,]     The  suite  of  a 
■^^         queen;    the   ladies  of  the    court    considered 
collectively. 

Saperti   bidan   dengan  matahari 
Tiiwan   di-hadap  perwara: 

like  the  moon  and  the  sun  (a  brilliant  com- 
bination) is  my  lady  with  her  court  before 
her, 

^J.A«A^    perosok.     To  thrust  into,  to  be  thrust  into ; 

to  thrust  the  foot  into  a  hole.  Barangsiapa 
menggali  lobang  iya  juga  terperosok  ka-dalam- 
nya :  whosoever  diggeth  a  pit,  shall  also  step 
into  it ;  Ht.  Abd.,  177.  Terpirosok  sampai 
ka-paha:  sinking  into  it  up  to  the  thigh;  Ht. 
Abd.,  319. 


4^*^    pSrusah.     Headstrong, 
domineering,  of  men. 


wilful,     of     wives ; 


pSruwang.  '  Ilmu  peruwang :  a  magic  art 
by  which  a  wizard  (pandai  peruwang)  can 
keep  the  water  away  from  his  head  when  he 
sinks  into  the  sea,  and  can  thus  escape 
drowning. 

Peluru  p. :  a  bullet  of  lead  mixed  with  gold 
or  silver  which  is  destined  to  penetrate  into 
the  body  of  a  man  whose  skin  is  impenetrable 
(kebal)f  penetration  taking  place  through  the 
natural  orifices  of  the  body. 

Peruwang  is  also  used  of  the  cleansing  of  a 
dead  body  from  impurities  at  the  abaimana 
and  (according  to  Klinkert)  of  a  cruel  kind 
of  torture,  presumably  that  of  '*  the  growing 
bamboo,"  a  form  of  impaling. 

See  also  niwang,  with  which  these  words  are 
probably  connected. 


U^^J^    pfirongos.  Peevish,    short    tempered  ;    see 

rongos. 

3^jL^    pgrupok.  A  plant,  hemigyrosa  longifolia. 

OjL^    pSruwan.  The  yard  of  a  ship. 


PfeROHONG 


[    460    ] 


pliBiai 


f^X^    pSrohong.     Terperohong :  having  a  large  hole 
^  in  its  side  or  bottom, — of  a  saucepan,  jar, 

kettle,  or  vessel  of  any  sort. 


iJ^3J^  pSnihi.  Crumbling,  as  a  lump  of  earth  when 
picked  up  ;  easily  falling  to  pieces.  Also 
(Penang)  perul,  and  (Kedah)  perui. 


lSj^j^    p§rui.     See  periihi, 

ji^^   pgrwira  or  perawira. 

hero,    a  great   warrior, 
phasized). 


[Skr.  prawira.]     A 
Gagah  p, :  id.   (em- 


3ij^ 


i^ 


t5^ 


^y 


pfironyok.  To  crumple  up,  as  paper  is 
crumpled  up  in  the  hand.  Terperonyok  :  crum- 
pled up  into  a  ball  or  lump. 

pSrah.  I.  Pressure  in  the  hand ;  squeezing 
in  the  hand ;  to  express  the  juice  of  anything ; 
to  milk  ;  to  wring  out  wet  clothes.  Tiyada-kah 
di-perah  susu-nya :  are  they  not  milked ;  Pel. 
Abd.,  94. 

Perahan  :  milking.  Kambing  p. :  a  milch- 
goat  ;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  20,  95. 

Perahkan :  to  squeeze  out,  to  press  out,  to 
milk  ;  Ht.  Sh.,  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

n.     A  tree ;  mezzetia   leptopoda,  or   elatcerio- 
spermum  tapos, 
P.  paya  :  a  tree,  elceocarpns  mastersi, 
Rtimpui  p, :  a  sedge,  fimbristylis  diphylla. 


oi    p§reh.      (Kedah) 
^      childbirth. 


The   straining   pressure   at 


pSrai.  I.  Berperai'perai :  Scattering,  of  people; 
resolving  itself  into  pieces,  of  a  crumbling 
clod  of  earth  or  of  a  fungus;  Sh.  Pant. 
Shi.,  6. 

n.  Kain  per  at :  a  black  silk  cloth  of  Siamese 
origin  (said  to  be  of  Chinese  make  but  dyed 
in  Siam)  in  common  use  in  Penang.  Kain 
chitap,  :  a  cloth  fabric,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

in.  Turning  right  round  from  right  to  left 
or  vice-versa.  Membuwang  p, :  to  tack  ;  Pel, 
Abd.,  117. 

IV.  "  Prye  "  in  Province  Wellesley. 
Sa-berang    P. :     Province     Wellesley ;      Ht. 

Abd.,  353. 

pSri.  I.  Way,  manner,  matter.  P.  Ml : 
details,  circumstances ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  45 ; 
Cr.  Gr.,  81.  Peri  Ml  ahwdl :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd., 
320.  Al-kisah  peri  mengatakan:  the  story  is 
concerned  with  the  narration  of ; — a  common 
way  of  beginning  a  Malay  tale ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak., 
42.  Tiyada-lah  dapat  di~perikan  lagi  perchin- 
taan  akan  anakanda  itu :  his  regret  for  the 
loss  of  the  prince  was  indescribable ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. 

II.  Eng.     Free,  gratuitous,  without  payment. 

III.  [Pets,  pari,]  A  fairy ;  a  "  peri."  Jin 
p^ri  dewa  mambang :  a  common  expression  in 
romances  to  signify  fairies  of  all  classes. 


(Jj^  pSriya.  A  cultivated  pumpkin  with  a  pro- 
verbially bitter  taste ;  momordica  charantia. 
Ada-pun  bttwah periya  itu  kalau  di-tanam  di- 
at  as  batas  sagu  dan  di-haja  dengan  madu  lagi 
di-siram  dengan  manisan  serta  di-letakkan-nya 
di-atas  tebu  sa-kali-pun,  apa-bila  diya  masak 
pahit  juga  :  you  may  plant  the  bitter  cucum- 
ber on  a  bed  of  sago  and  manure  it  with 
honey  and  water  it  with  treacle  and  train  it 
over  sugar  cane,  but  when  cooked  it  will 
still  be  bitter  ;  natural  habits  cannot  be  eradi- 
cated ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A,  S.,  I.,  89.  Sudah  tahu 
periya  pahit :  "  you  knew  it  to  be  the  bitter 
cucumber  "  ;  a  proverbial  reproof  to  a  man 
who  trusts  a  notorious  scoundrel  and  then 
complains  that  his  trust  is  misplaced. 

Sudah   tahu  periya  pahit, 

Siapa  suroh  petek  bnnga-nya; 

Sudah  tahu  diya  ta'-baik 
Siapa  suroh   dari  mola-nya : 

you  knew  it  was  the   bitter   cucumber:  who 
told  you  to  pluck   its   flower  ?     You  knew  he 
was  worthless,  who  then  forced  you  from  the 
first  (to  trust  him)  ?  Prov. 
P.  hutan  :  a  wild  vine,  vitis  mollissima, 

yi^    pSriyawa.     An   edible    salt-water     fish   (un- 
identified.) 

lS\j^    periyai.     A  lesser  noble,  a  notable  (in  Java). 

4^Juj3    pgridi.  I.    Prolific  (of  anything) ;  fast-growing, 
*     *  of  a  creeper. 

Short   and  slight,  of  a  man 


Si} 


II.     (Kedah.) 
or  woman. 


p6risai.  A  shield,  a  buckler ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ; 
Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. ;  Sh.  Bid.,  54;  etc. 

pSriyang.  The  proper  moment  for  doing 
anything ;  the  exact  time  at  which  padi-^ldsii- 
ing  should  commence  ;  the  auspicious 
moment ;  the  tide  in  the  affairs  of  men  which 
when  taken  at  its  flood  leads  on  to  fortune. 

p§riyok.  A  cooking-pot  of  earthenware  or 
metal  in  common  use  for  cooking  rice ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  104,  295.  Masak  periyok  asing-lah  kita  : 
let  us  heat  our  saucepans  separately ;  a  pro- 
verbial suggestion  of  divorce. 

P.  api  :  a  bomb-shell. 

P.  kera :  the  pitcher  plant,  nepenthes. 

pgrigi.     (Riau,      Johor.)     A  well,   a  spring; 
Ht.  Abd.,   201,  209.     In  Kedah  telaga  is  the 
word  in  more  common  use  in  this  sense. 
Perigi  di-katakan   telaga, 

Tempat  budak   berulang  mandi; 
Mas  tinggi  ada  herherga, 
Budi  behasa  sukar  di-chari : 
a  well  is    called    "  telaga,'' — a   place    where 
children  bathe. 


PAS 


[    461    ] 


PiSSONA 


cr» 


i^ 


.LJ 


d^luJ 


-4^er  p, :  well-water ;  water  obtained  by 
underground  drainage  in  contradistinction  to 
that  of  surface  ponds  fed  by  the  rain  only ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  278. 

pas.     Eng.     A  "  pass  "  for  a  theatrical  perform- 
ance ;  a  permit. 


jj^    pos.     (Kedab.)      The  blowing   of  a  porpoise  ; 
(Riau)  kus.     Pronounced  pons. 

Um5    p6sa.     A  roller  or  rod  on  which  cloth  is  wound 
up  as  it  is  woven. 

^U*3    pSsara.     A  poetic  variant  of  the  word  pasar 
(a  market) ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard.     See  pasar. 


pSsaka  or  pusaka.  Heirloom,  family  or 
quasi-entailed  property.  'Adat  p,  :  the  Malay 
rules  guiding  the  use  of  family  property 
especially  land.  Hakk  p, :  family  property. 
Keris  ttu  asal-nya  pesaka  jug  a  :  the  keris  in 
question  was  originally  an  heirloom ;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah.  Merompak  itu  sudah  pesaka-nya  :  piracy 
was  an  ancestral  heritage  with  them;  Ht. 
Abd.,    234. 

pSsawat.  An  instrument,  a  machine;  (by 
extension)  the  male  organ  of  generation. 
Kuwasa  p,  :  the  force  generated  by  a  machine  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  166. 

pSsta.  [Port,  festa,]  A  festive  gathering 
(used  of  Dutch  gatherings)  ;  Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  4. 
P.  dangsa  or  p.  menari :  a  ball ;    a  dance. 


pUSta.      [Port,     ftista,]       A    small    sea-going 
vessel,  Sej.  Mai,  (quoted  by  Klinkert). 


pgstaka,  pustaka,  or  (Kedah)  pistaka. 
[Skr.  pustdka :  a  book.]  A  book  of  divination 
or  sorcery ;  magic  practices  generally ;  the 
black  art ;  injury  as  the  result  of  the  black  art. 
Demikiyan-lah  pestaka-nya  keris  itii :  such  is  the 
magic  of  that  keris ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Kevas 
pestaka-nya  daripada  hamba :  his  magic  is 
mightier  than  I ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Malang  p, : 
a  curse  inflicted  by  magic  art ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  89. 

The  word  is  also  used  and  understood  of  the 
transformation  effected  by  the  supernatural 
power  of  an  ancient  divinity.  Dewa  Durga 
Kisoma  pun  rawat-lah  mola  pestaka-nya  kombali 
menjadi  dewa :  the  god  Durga  Kesoma  returned 
to  the  shape  he  possessed  at  the  outset  of  his 
transformation  and  again  became  a  god  ;  Ht. 
Mas  Ed. 

Bala  p.  :  the  work  of  magic ;  evils  brought  on 
a  man  by  the  magic  art  of  his  enemies; 
cf.  malang  p. y  supra. 


ti"^ 


tf 


,  yuJLfj^ 


pSsti.  Certain,  sure,  positive,  reliable.  Khobar 
yang p.  :  definite  news;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  P,  iya 
berteras:  it  must  have  a  hard  core;  Ht.  Abd., 4. 
Cf.  mesti, 

pSsing.  I.  A  fetid  smell,  a  stench.  Better 
pering. 

n.    (Singapore.)    The  whizz  of  a  projectile 
through  the  air.     The  word   is    onomatopoeic. 

puspa,  paspa,  or  p6spa.  [Skr.  pushpa.]  A 
flower;  flowered,  variegated.  The  word  is 
common  in  compounds  such  as  Paspa-ningrat 
("flower  of  the  country,"  a  princesses  name, 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg.),  Paspa-jimita  ("flower  of  life," 
another  name,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.),  Paspa-sari 
("flower  of  flowers,"  another  name,  Sh.  Panj. 
Sg.),  paspa -danta  (ivory  cut  into  flowered  pat- 
terns ?  Ht.  Ind,  Meng.),  paspa-ragam  (varie- 
gated pattern,  of  cloth,  etc.)  Permata  paspara- 
gam  :  gems  of  many  colours ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  41, 

puspas.  An  exclamation  for  driving  away 
cats.i 

p6sok.  Perforated;  broken  through  or  broken 
down;  fallen  in,  as  a  roof;  fallen  down,  as 
a  screen.  Kenmtong  p.:  a  hole  with  a  small 
mouth  or  opening.  Gendcrang  perang  bagaikan 
pesok  rtipa-nya :  the  wardrums  looked  as  though 
they  had  been  perforated ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 
Binding  mana4ah yang  pesok:  what  partition 
wall  has  given  way;  Ht.  Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  3. 

Pesok'pesok:  full  of  holes;    Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  46. 
P.  berlobang:  id.;  Sh.   Abd.  Mk.,  6;    Sh,  Jut. 
Bud.,  31. 

piskal.  [  Dutch  fiskaaU  ]  A  procurator  fiscal, 
a  minor  judicial  officer  in  the  days  of  Dutch 
rule  in  Malacca;  Ht.  Abd.,  34,  in. 

pasmen.  [Dutch  passement.]  A  kind  of  lace 
work;  passementerie. 

pesan.  Order,  instruction,  command,  direc- 
tion. Pesanan  :  an  order ;  instructions ;  Ht» 
Abd.,  136. 

Pesani :  to  give  instructions;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn., 
42 ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  19.     Berpesan:  id. 
Memesankan :  to  direct,  to  order  (  a  person  to 
do  anything);   Sh.   Panj.  Sg.     Pesankan:  id.; 
Ht.  Abd.,  220. 


cJj.^    pSsolot.     A  creek;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  VHL,  131 


pdsona.  [Pers.  afsun.]  A  spell,  a  magical 
incantation  ;  the  effects  of  a  spell ;  witchcraft. 
^Ilmu  p. :  witchcraft.  Kena  p. :  to  be  afflicted 
by  the  effects  of  witchcraft.  Orang  p.  :  a 
witch;  Sh.  Bid.,  47.  Membuwat  p, :  to  work  a 
spell,  Sh.  Bid.,  33.  Uleh  karena  anliya  pesona : 
because  of  this  wizard  of  a  (soi-disant)  saint ; 
Sh.  Ul.,  22.  Si'pesona  mana  :  what  wizard  ; 
what  sorcerer ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  80, 


Ujk    pistul.      Eng;     A    pistol; 


a    revolver;    Ht. 


Abd.,  106. 


I  Pus-pas  di'halau  kuching, 

Kuching  chechak  atas  para; 
Putus  r^nggang  haik  berdamping, 
Hati  Using  mhichari  mara. 


58 


PiSAI 


[  462  y 


PANGKENG 


j\^ 


©/JUMWwd 


,vU 


J^ 


6^ 


U^ 


J  w  4Xin**.n5 


pSsai.  Berphai-pesai :  crumbling  away,  as  the 
lime  on  an  old  wall. 

pasiban  or  (Kedah)  pgsiban.  A  broad  gang- 
way round  the  SBri  Balai;  the  place  where 
the  lesser  chiefs  sit,  P.  agong :  (at  Jngra) 
the  raised  dais  in  the  Balai. 

Akan  jamuwan    orang  yang  datang, 
Di4uwar  pintu  ada  pasiban : 

to  entertain  all    comers  a  platform  has  been 
placed  outside  the  gates ;  Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  3. 

pdsiyar.  [Port,  pasear  :  to  go  for  a  walk  ?] 
To  stroll  about ;  usually  bersiyar,  from  siyar, 
q.  V. 

pSsirah.  L  An  officer  in  charge  of  a  district ; 
Laws  of  Palembang,  13. 

11.  A  bath-room  idi-tuwangkan  ka-dalam 
pesirah  tempat  tuwan  puteri  mandi,  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.) 
=pesiram  ? 

pasisir.     Jav.     The  shore,  the  beach  ;  v.  sisir, 

pong.     Onom.     A  thumping  sound. 

pSngapoh.  A  small  vane,  pennon  or  weather- 
cock ;  KL,  Pijn. 

Layar  p.:  a  topsail  or  topgallant  sail  ; 
(Kedah)  layar  pengampoh. 

pgnganan.  [Jav.  pangan:  to  eat.]  Deli- 
cacies, cakes,  sweetmeats. 

pgngat.  A  sweetmeat  made  of  fruit  {labu, 
pisang,  keledek,  etc.),  cooked  in  coco-nut  milk 
and  sugar. 

pSngar.  Dull-witted,  as  a  man  after  a  heavy 
sleep  induced  by  drugs ;  KL,  v.  d.  W.,   Pijn. 

p§ng6reh.  A  fish-trap  set  down  in  deep 
water  when  the  current  is  strong  and  taken  up 
when  the  water  is  still.  It  resembles  the 
lukah. 


pangsa.  A  carpel  or  division  of  a  durian  ;  the 
natural  *' slice"  of  an  orange;  the  natural 
division  of  any  fruit.  SapMi  duriyan 
menunjokkan  pangsanya  :  like  the  durian  show- 
ing its  carpels ;  revealing  one's  true  character ; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  66. 

Berpangsa-pangsa  :  in    divisions,   of  a    fruit ; 
Ht.  Koris. 

pSngsStukara.  Transformed  (by  the  decree 
of  a  divinity) ;  Ht.  Mas  Edan,  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 
See  setu. 


^yJi  pSngsan  or  (Kedah)  pangsan.  Swooning, 
fainting,  loss  of  consciousness.  Rebah  p.  :  to 
fall  in  a  faint.  Hampir-hampir  p, :  nearly 
fainting;  Ht.  Abd.,  165.  Terpengsan :  in  a 
dead  faint ;  Ht.  Abd.,  15. 


^j-«Ji^  pon^SU.  A  hillock  or  mound;  cf.  busut,  A 
distmction  is  sometimes  drawn  between  pongsu 
(a  mound)  and  busut  (an  ant-hill),  but  is  not 
always  observed.  ^ 

^^Ji    pangsi.     L     The  peg  of  a  top. 

n.     (Kedah.)    Dull,  of  a  sound  which  ought 
to  be  resonant. 


pSngap.  L  Covering  up,  sealing  from  intru- 
sion ;  hermetically  closing  ; — used  especially 
of  the  process  of  salting  and  storing  up  fish 
in  a  tightly  sealed  jar  where  corruption  cannot 
set  in.  By  metaphor,  the  word  is  used  of 
criminal  breach  of  trust, 

II.     Panting  ;  to  pant ;  from  ngap. 


jJii    pongpang.     (Kedah.)    A   fishing-boat  of    the 
^  sampan  kotak  type. 


pSngkalan.  A  landing  stage ;  a  place  of 
embarkation.     See  pangkaL 

pangkat.  Grade,  degree,  rank,  stage;  office, 
dignity.  Mendapat  p,  :  to  be  promoted.  Mah- 
kota  tujoh  belas  pangkat :  a  crown  of  seventeen 
tiers ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Tetapi  ada  pangkat-nya  : 
but  there  are  various  degrees  (of  love)  ;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg.     Cf.  angkat. 

Pangkatkan  :  to  confer  rank  upon  (a  person) ; 
Ht.  Best. 

Berpangkat'pangkat :  in  grades,  in  stages  ;  Ht. 
Koris,  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 


^Ji    pengkar.     Bow-legged 


pangkor.     A  sort    of    pick    or    mattock  for 
scraping  sago  out  of  the  tree-trunk. 


Jsii 


lK 


^^ii 


U^ 


cr 


5>vA^ 


iiX^ 


pungkor.  (Kedah).  The  stern,  the  posterior, 
the  anus.     Also  punggor. 

P.  siput :  the   heart   of  the   whorl   in   finger 
impressions. 

Tulang  />. ;  the  pubic  bones.    Tnlang  papanp. : 
the  lumnar  vertebrae. 

pSng[k§ras.  (Kedah.)  A  fee,  a  donation  for 
services  rendered ;  v.  keras.  Also  (Riau, 
Johor)  pengeras, 

pangkas.  To  cut  off  the  top  or  extremities 
of  anything ;  to  crop  the  ends ;  to  cut  (of 
hair). 

pongkes  or  pongkis.  A  shallow  rubbish - 
basket  such  as  is  used  by  scavenging  coolies. 
Also  tongkis, 

pangkeng.  [Chin,  pdng-keng.]  A  bedroom, 
a  sleeping  place. 

J  Cf .  the  following  pantun  : 

Kalau  tuwan  mandi  di-snngai, 
Singgah  mht^bang  kayu  giyam  ; 
S^haya   ^mpama  sUanai-anai 
Di-pongsu  burok  tempat  bMiyam, 


PANQKONG 


[    463    ] 


PINOQANG 


pangkong.     To  strike  with  a  heavy  stick ;  to 
pommel  or  pound. 

;^J^    pongkak.     A  variant  of  pangkal ;  v.  infra. 

Vx^    pangkal.     The  beginning,  the  commencement ; 
•-^  the  earhest  stage  or  first  portion  of  anything. 

Sesat  di-htijong  jalan  balek  ka-pangkal  jalan : 
if  you  miss  your  way  at  the  last  point  of  the 
road  i  start  afresh  at  the  first  point  of  the 
road;  starting  afresh  is  often  better  than 
the  attempt  to  otherwise  remedy  a  blunder; 
Prov.,     J.   S.  A.   S.,  IL,  144. 

P,  bahu  :  the  shoulder. 

P.  btdoh  :  the  clump  near  the  root  of  the 
bamboo ;  J.  S,  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  94. 

P.  Icngan  :  the  upper  arm. 

P.  paha  :  the  upper  part  of  the  thigh. 

P.  pokok  :  the  visible  root  of  a  tree  ;  the  point 
where  the  tree  begins  to  be  visible  above  the 
ground. 

Pangkalan  or  pengkalan :  a  landing-place ; 
the  point  where  a  traveller  leaves  the  sea  or 
river  for  a  land  journey  or  vice-versa,  Itu4ah 
pangkalan  segala  kapal-kapal :  that  (Jeddah)  is 
the  port  of  disembarkation  for  all  ships ;  Pel. 
Abd.,  155. 

pangku.     Breast,    bosom ;    holding    between 
breast  and  forearm  ;  nurturing,  fostering. 

Petek  jambti  di~dalam  paya, 
Tanam  padi   di-dalam   lobok ; 

Penat  pangku  letak  di-riba^ 

Letak   di-bantal   takut   merajok  : 

if  you  are  tired  of  supporting  (her  head)  let 
it  rest  on  your  lap ;  if  you  place  it  on  the  pillow 
there  is  the  fear  that  she  will  be  displeased. 

Pangkuwan :  the  upper  portion  of  the  lap  ; 
the  breast. 

Memangku  :  (i)  to  hold  on  the  breast,  as  a 
court  servant  holds  the  royal  betel-box ;  Ht. 
Koris,  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  10 ;  (2)  to  attend  to  the 
affairs  of  a  country  as  regent  (t.  e.,  as  a  nurse, 
not  as  a  mother),  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  31. 

Pemangku :  a  regent,  an  acting  or  temporary 
ruler,  Ht.  Sh.     P.  raja:  id. 

pangkah.    I.    To  peg  a  top, 

IL  Cruciform;  the  assumption  of  a  cruci- 
form shape ;  the  sign  of  a  cross ;  the  cross 
mark  placed  on  the  forehead  of  a  child  or  the 
bows  of  a  ship  to  frighten  away  evil  spirits ; 
the  caste-mark  of  a  Hindu. 

Memangkah :  to  flash  out  cross-wise,  as  the 
streaks  of  light  from  the  sun  and  moon  in 
certain  states  of  the  sky. 

III.     Hind.     A  punkah. 


yJi 


aS^ 


^ 


pungkah.     A    fragment,    a    large     piece 
anything.     Usually  pokah,  or  pukah^  q.  v. 


of 


d^ 


*-   pgngga. 
Pijn. 


Deep,   of  a   dish ;    KL,   v.    d.   W., 


Jj^ 


p3nggaga.  A  creeping  herb  much  used  in 
medicine,  hydrocotyle  asiatica.  Usually  (in  the 
Straits)  pegaga,  q.  v. 

pfinggawa  or  punggawa.  [Skr.  punggawa,] 
An  officer  in  charge  of  a  district ;  Sh.  Bid.,  54  ; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah., 


panggar.  A  scaffolding  for  workmen  ;  a  frame- 
work giving  a  raised  floor. 

pinggir.  Edge,  border,  boundary,  limit.  P. 
negeri  :  the  frontier  of  a  country  or  district ; 
Sh.  Lamp.,  3.  Pinggir  an  negeri :  id. ;  Sh. 
Lamp.,  8.  Peminggir  negeri:  id.,  Sh.  Panj. 
Sg.  Peminggir  Majapahit  itu  :  the  frontier  of 
the  state  of  Majapahit;  Sej.  Mai.,  134. 

punggor.  I.  A  fallen  tree,  a  dead  trunk  ;  a 
leafless  or  fallen  trunk.  Kayn  punggor  yang 
sudah  mati  :  a  dead  tree-trunk,  Ht.  Gh.  Tung- 
gul  p, ;  id.,  Ht.  Best.  Punggor  rebah  belatok 
menumpang  mati :  when  the  tree-trunk  falls, 
the  woodpecker  which  lives  in  it  perishes ;  the 
fall  of  a  prince  means  the  ruin  of  his  followers ; 
Prov. 
II.     A  variant  of  pungkor^  q.  v, 

panggang.  1.  Roasting;  cooking  by  the 
direct  action  of  fire  ;  toasting.  Bagai  kuching 
dengan  panggang  :  like  the  cat  and  the  roast 
(not  easily  kept  apart)  ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XXIV.,  96.  Saperti  kuching  makan  panggang : 
like  a  cat  eating  the  roast  (excitedly  and 
fiercely)  ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Sh,  Pulut  p  :  a  sweet- 
meat prepared  from  pulut  rice. 

P.  pari :  "  the  roasting  of  the  skate  fish  "  ; 
a  descriptive  name  given  to  the  appearance  of 
the  sail  when  set  at  right  angles  to  the  boat, 
e.  g.y  when  the  bree^je  is  right  astern ;  (by 
metaphor)  "under  full  sail,''  of  a  dandy  coming 
down  the  street  in  gorgeous  raiment. 

Pemanggang :  the  roast. 

II.  Shut  in,  imprisoned, — of  a  piece  in  a 
game  of  chess  or  draughts. 

panggong.  An  erection  on  pillars,  a  stage,  a 
raised  flooring.  P.  wayang:  the  stage  on 
which  a  theatrical  performance  takes  place ; 
Ht.  Mas  Edan;  cf.  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  4. 
P.  kepala  :  to  raise  the  head  ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.; 
Ht.  Best.  Dudok  bersila  p.  :  to  cross  one  leg 
over  the  other. 

pinggailg.  The  waist ;  the  central  portion  of 
a  long  body ;  amidships,  in  a  vessel.  Pinggang 
ramping :  a  slender  waist ;  an  attribute  ascribed 
to  most  Malay  heroines  of  romance.  Ikat  p., 
or  tali  p, :  a  girdle.  Berchekal  p, :  to  grip  the 
waist  in  wrestling ;   see  also  -chekaL 

Kalaii  tiyada   riyal   di-pinggang 

Saudara  yang  rapat  menjadi  rHggang : 
if  you  have  no  money  by  your  waist  your  near- 
est relatives  will  become  distant  to  you ;  Prov. 


PUNGGONG 


[    464    ] 


PfiPAT 


J^ 


J& 


J^ 
^ 


Sa-helai  sa-pinggang :  one  garment  to  one 
waist ;  owning  nothing  but  the  clothes  one  is 
wearing ;    Ht.  Abd.,  365. 

Peminggang :  the  midmost  portion.  Meriyam 
p. :  the  central  battery  in  a  Malay  warship. 
Dayongp. :  the  central  oars,  the  oars  amidships ; 
Ht.  Raj,  Don.,  27.  Jin  peminggang  gunong: 
an  invisible  spirit  with  a  voice  like  the  howling 
of  a  dog.  Kain  sa4ai  peminggang  habis  :  one 
sarong  exhausts  (the  clothing  of)  the  waist; 
extreme  poverty;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  IL,  153; 
Cf.  sa-helai  sa-pinggang. 

punggong.  The  posterior,  the  seat ;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah.,  Ht.  Ind,  Meng.  P.  pedang :  the  blunt 
side  of  a  sword.     Main  p. :  sodomy. 

punggok.  L  Flat-bottomed;  stumpy;  tail- 
less, or  with  only  a  short  squat  tail.  Mulut 
panjang  ekor  ptmggok'.  with  a  long  mouth  and 
stumpy  tail,  a  description  of  a  snipe.  Ayamp.: 
a  fowl  with  a  stumpy  tail.  Lang  p. :  a  species 
of  falcon. 

Burong  p, :  a  small  owl  which  is  proverbially 
represented  as  the  lover  of  the  moon  and 
therefore  as  the  type  of  despairing  but  passion- 
ate love;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  H.,  138.  Laksana punggok 
merindukan  bulan  :  like  the  owl  moping  for  the 
moon ;  Prov. 

n.  Large  and  high,  as  an  island  conspicuous 
in  the  distance. 


panggal.  Cutting  or  chopping  through ;  sever- 
ing. Panggalkan :  to  cut  through,  to  decapi- 
tate, to  chop  off  the  top  of  a  branch  ;  Sh.  Pant. 
ShL,  14 ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Habis  matt  berpang- 
galan :  they  died  decapitated  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
Panggal  tiga :  to  cut  into  three  pieces;  Sej. 
MaL,  43. 


panggil.  Sunimoning^,  calling ;  (occasionally) 
naming,  entitling.  Panggil  orang  itu  kamari  : 
call  that  person  here.  Kechiljangan  di-panggil 
anak :  when  he  is  young  do  not  call  him  your 
child;  do  not  take  liberties  with  those  of 
higher  rank  even  when  opportunities  for  such 
liberties  present  themselves;  Prov, 

Panggilan:  an  appellation;  Ht.  Abd.,  21. 

Panggilkan:  to  have  a  man  summoned;  to 
send  for,  Di-panggilkan-nya  tukang  China  :  he 
sent  for  Chinese  workmen;  Ht.  Abd.,  176. 

Memanggil:  (i)  to  call,  to  summon  ;Ht.  Abd., 
loi,  250;  (2)  to  invite;  Ht.  Abd.,  142;  (3)  to 
name,  to  designate;  Ht.  Abd.,  22. 

punggol  or  ponggol.  To  hurl,  to  throw 
violently. 

pinggan.  [  Tamil  ?  ]  A  plate,  a  tray,  a  saucer. 
Di-mana  pinggan  pechah  di-situ-lah  tembekar 
tinggal :  where  the  plates  are  broken  there  will 
the  broken  pieces  of  pottery  remain;  Prov. 
Pinggan  mangkok :  plates  and  cups;  crockery 
generally;   Ht.  Abd.,  354,  364. 


s^ 


f^ 


aIv^ 


panggau.  A  light  raised  framework  on  which 
fish  is  exposed  to  dry, 

punggah.  Unloading,  discharging;  removing 
goods  from  one  place  to  another.  Punggaft 
angkat :  to  pick  up  and  remove ;  to  shift  or 
transport;    Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

pimggai.  (Kedah.)  A  stick  used  to  throw  at 
trees  with  the  purpose  of  knocking  down  the 
fruit. 

pangling.  Failing  to  recognize,  being  unob- 
servant or  not  noticing,  absent-mindedness; 
Ht.  Perb.  Jaya.     Cf.  paling, 

pSnglima  or  (Kedah)  panglema.  An  execu- 
tive in  contradistinction  to  a  presidential 
officer  (penghulu)  ;  a  leader  in  war;  an  adjutant 
or  aide-de-camp.  P.  6^sar:  a  commander-in- 
chief.  P.  kanan  and/>.  kiri :  officers  command- 
ing (titularly)  the  right  and  left  wings  of  an 
army.     P.  perang :  a  military  chief. 

pSngampoh.  Layar  pengampoh;  (Kedah)  a 
topsail  or  top-gallant-sail ;  v.  pengapoh, 

pSngantin.  I.  A  bride,  a  bridegroom,  a 
party  to  a  marriage.  Senapang  p, :  a  double- 
barrelled  gun. 

Mengantinkan :  to  marry ;  to  set  by  the  bride 
or  bridegroom;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

n.     The  player  of  the  viol  (rebab)  in  the  band 
used  at  a  theatrical  performance  (ma'yong). 

pSngulun.     Lord;  a  variant  ofpenkulun,  q.  v. 
p§ngulu.     A  headman ;  v.  ulu. 


^jlj^    pgnghulu.     A  chief,  a  headman  ;  v.  ulu 
0^ 


pSngawinan,     Tombak    pmgawinan:  a  state 
lance  (variety  unidentified). 


J 


m 


pangeran.     A  Javanese  title  of  very  high  rank;  J^ 
the  equivalent  of  the  Malay  tengku.  P.  adi-pati : 
id.,  Ht.  Koris.     Seri  p, :  id. ;  Ht.  Sh. 

This  title  is  used  (of  nobles  generally)  at 
Brunei,  and  occurs  in  Malay  romances,  but  is 
not  in  use  among  the  princely  houses  of  the 
Malay  Peninsula. 

pSpatiL     A    carpenter's  tool  of  the  hatchet 
type.     k\?>o  patiL 

pSpara.     Batang  pBpara :  a  tree ;    Ht.    Mar. 
M2ih,;=  para? 


p 


Xft^    P§param.     A  cooling  ointment. 


V 


\^    pSparu.     The  lungs ;  better  paru-paru. 


pSpat.  L  Smooth;  offering  no  inequalities  of 
surface,  as  wood  when  planed  or  as  a  liquid  at 
rest. 

n.     A  variant  oip^pak,  H.,  q.  v. 


PfePAK 


[    465    ] 


PiiKEK 


3^ 


p3pak.     I.     Mastication,  chewing. 

II.     Complete;     in    full;     fully     attended. 

Pepak  di'hadap  segala  munteri :  fully  attended 
in  the  presence  of  all  his  ministers,  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng.  Sedang  pepak  di-hadap  orang  di-pasiban 
agong :  while  in  full  state  with  all  the  people 
in  the  great  gallery  before  him ;  Ht.  Sh. 

Penoh  p.  :  quite  full,  "chock  full." 

papakSrma.     Miserably  poor  ;  see  papa. 

p^putut.     The  disciple  of  a  Hindu  sage;  Kl. 

pSpulut.     A  plant,  urena  lobata.     Also  pulut- 
puhit, 

pSpuwah.     Curly,  woolly,  or  frizzled,  as  the 
hair  of  a  Papuan.     Orang  p.:  a  Papuan. 

pSpuyu.    (Kedah.)     A  freshwater  fish  (uniden- 
tified) ;=   (Riau,  Johor)  piiyu-puyu. 


4i3    pepah.     To  strike  with  a  long  stick  or  pole. 


ItMiwJtd 


J* 


pfipisang.     A  plant, />o/yaft/iza  sp.  Also  ^isa^ig*- 
pisang. 


I.     Onom.     A  clapping  sound. 
Father  (familiarly  expressed) ;  v.  pa\ 


L? 


pak. 
II. 

III.  Eur.     A  pack,  a  bale,  a  packing-case. 

IV.  [Dutch    pacht]     A   farm,  a  monopoly. 
Usually  pajak, 

pdk  and   pik.     Onom.    A  sound  such  as  that 
of  a  stick  striking  a  flat  piece  of  wood. 


l3    pok.     Onom.     A    dull    clapping   sound.     Cf. 
pak,  tepok,  etc. 


pokta.     See  po'ta. 


\^,l%  paksa.  I.  Force,  compulsion;  wilful  action; 
Ht.  Sri.  Rama,  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Memaksa:  to 
compel,  to  force;  Sh,  Lail.  Mejn.,  9. 

II.  Auspicious,  favourable,  lucky;  good 
fortune ;  the  proper  moment  for  doing  anything; 
a  lucky  find.  Paksa  tektikor  padi  rebah :  the 
pigeon's  opportunity  is  the  fallen  eorn;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.  III.,  37.  Paksa  balam  padi 
rebah  :  id.  Angin  dan  paksa  pun  terlalu  baik  : 
the  wind  and  the  time  were  favourable ;  Ht. 
Isk.  Dz. 


^JL5  paksi.  I.  [Skr.  paksin,]  A  bird  (expressed 
poetically).  P,  jentayu  :  the  jentayu  bird;  Ht. 
Koris,  P.  dewata :  the  bird  of  paradise ;  Sh. 
B.  A.  M.,  12. 

II.     A  variant  of  paksa,  II.,  q.  v.  Angin  p, :  a 
favourable  wind ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  80. 


III.  A  pivot,  an  axis.  P.  bindu :  (as  a 
turner's  term)  the  pivot  inserted  in  the  block  of 
wood  set  in  the  lathe ;  (as  a  knife  grinder's 
term)  the  iron  pivot  on  which  the  whetstone 
revolves.     Cf.  pangsi, 

\j\^aX*^  paksina.  Jav.  The  North.  Dari  daksina 
datang  ka-paksina :  from  the  South  to  the  North ; 
from  one  end  of  the  world  (or  country)  to  the 
other;  Sej.  Mai.,  8. 

U5    pakma.     Bunga  pakma  :  a  flower  [Skr.  padma : 
the  lotus  ?  ] 

^Us,5    p6kacha.     Ratna  pekacha :  a  term  of  endear- 
C  ment  ;=gem  of  purity  ?     See  kacha, 

-Mi^    pSkasam.     A  preparation  of  salt  fish ;  it  has  a 
r  strong  smell.     Ahmg-alang  menyelok  pekasam 

biyar  sampai  ka-pangkal  lengan :  if  you  are 
going  to  put  your  hand  into  the  jar  of  salt  fish, 
put  it  in  up  to  the  biceps ;  in  for  a  penny,  in 
for  a  pound;  Prov.,  see  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  41. 

Perkasamkan :  to  make  into  pekasam ;  Ht. 
Bakht.,  51, 

Also  perkasam.     The  word  is  a  derivative  of 

asam. 

d3  ^  pSkaka.  Burong  pekaka :  the  kingfisher.  Also 
pekakaL 

**5  ^    pfikakas.    Contrivances,  appliances,  materials 
^"^  for  doing  anything.     Also  perkakas,  q.  v. 

^\^  pSkakak.  Burong  pekakak :  the  local  king- 
fisher ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  6,  28. 

C-Ss3    pgkat.    Sticky,  thick,  of  fluids ;  strong,  of  coffee. 

ci/^  pSkor.  Terpekor :  plunged  in  thought ; — a 
corruption  of  (Arab.)  iafakkur,  q,  v. 

itSsi    pgk6rti.     [Skr.  prakrett]    Nature,  disposition, 
^         character.    Budi  p, :  id.  (when  speaking  of  a 
good  disposition). 

*— aS^  pfekong.  A  name  for  a  class  of  foul  smelling 
ulcers ;  cancerous  growth.  Busok  p, :  foul- 
smelling  in  the  extreme. 

^jSsS    pgkop.     See  pekok. 

1X5  pSkak.  Hard  of  hearing.  Tuli  pekak  telinga 
segala  yang  menengar-kan  diya  :  the  ears  of  all 
who  heard  it  were  dulled  with  deafness ;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah. 

iSo  pSkek.  A  shrill  cry  or  scream,  Jerit  pekek : 
screams  and  shrieks ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mim^kek :  to 
scream  out ;  Sh.  Abd,  Mk.,  23. 


PllKOK 


[    466    ] 


PiLANGI 


^^    pdkok.     Distorted,  deformed,  twisted   (of  the 

arm) ;  KL,  v.  d.  W.  In  Kedah  pekop  is  used  of 
fingers  which  are  malformed  and  seem  to  turn 
naturally  downwards  when  at  rest. 

•5s3    pSkan.     I.     A    market;    a   market-place;    an 
emporium;  Ht.  Abd.,  112. 

Bukit  p. :  "  hill  tribes  of  the  market " ;  Tamil 
coolies ;  see  bukit, 

Bimga  p, :  a  flower,  jasminum  grandiflorum  ; 
Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  I.  P.  htctan,  p,  betina,  p.  jantan  : 
jasminum  bifaritim , 

II.  Terpekan :  plunged  in  thought,  silent 
meditatively;  Ht.  Sh. 

Shaikh  pun  ttmdok  main -malum an ^ 
Karena  mhiengar  diyam  terpekan  : 

the  Shaikh  bowed  his  head  in  shame  as  he 
listened  in  meditative  silence  ;  Sh.  UL,  26, 

III.  A  variant  of  pakan,  q.  v. 

,<3    P^kin.      (Penang.)      Thinking    out    a    thing. 
*^         Berapa  jimat  berapa  pekin  :  however  much  you 
ponder,  however  much  you  work  it  out.     Cf. 
pekan  IL 

jj^j^  pakanira.  Jav,  A  pronoun  of  the  second 
person  occurring  in  romances  from  the  Java- 
nese or  in  quoting  conversations  with  Javanese ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  145. 

<^    pekau.     A  meaningless  cry  of  excitement,   as 
-^"^      that  of  a  frightened   man  ;  a   yell ;   to   scream 
out  with  fear  (but  not  with  pain   or  as  a  cry 
for  aid). 


c)p 


pSkulun.  Jav.  A  royal  title  met  with  in 
romances  adapted  from  the  Javanese;  Ht.  Mas 
Ed.  Also  pmgulmt  (Ht.  Sh.  Kub.),  and 
plguhm  (Ht.  Sh.). 


pfigari.     [Kedah.]     Invisibility.     'Ilmup. 
magic  art  of  making  oneself  invisible. 


■the 


^^ 


^ 


^ 


pSgaga.  A  creeping  herb  much  sought  after 
for  medicine,  hydrocotyle  asiatica.  Also  peng- 
gaga. 

P.  teku  or  p,  ular :  a  creeping  plant  with   the 
habits  of  the  hydrocotyle, 

pSgawai.  An  officer  in  charge  of  anything,  a 
superintendent,  an  overseer.  P,  mhjid :  the 
caretakers  of  the  mosque,  P.  pada  ist^ri-nya : 
to  take  charge  of  his  wife;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  60. 
Munteri  pegawai  :  state  officers  and  officers  in 
charge  of  districts. 

pSganyah.  (Kedah.)  Never  to  change  one's 
clothes;  a  man  who  always  wears  the  same 
suit. 

pSgar.  L  Burong  pegar :  the  fireback- 
pheasant,  lophura  rufa,  and  euplocomm  vidlloti. 
Also  ayam  pegar, 

11 .     To  vibrate,  to  quiver. 


^jSi    pfigas.     To  beat  with  the  wing,  of  a  bird. 


r^ 


pSgang.  To  hold;  grasp;  control.  Kata 
tidak  di'pegang-nya :  he  never  keeps  his  pro- 
mises; J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  152.  Di'pegang-nya 
tangan  putiri :  she  took  the  princess  by  the 
hand ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  44. 

Pegangan :  hold,  control ;  occupation,  employ- 
ment; Sej.  Mai,,  126.  Sa-kaliyan  itu  pegangan 
Grand  Jury  :  all  such  matters  were  within  the 
province  of  work  of  the  Grand  Jury;  Ht. 
Abd.,  369. 

Bcrpegang :  attached  to  ;  adhering  to  ;  in  the 
control  of;  Ht.  Abd.,  150. 

Memegang  :  to  hold  in  the  hand ;  to  grasp  ; 
(by  metaphor)  to  possess  or  control.  M, 
j(inggtU :  to  hold  a  beard  in  the  hand;  Ht. 
Abd.,  310.  M.  tali  torn  :  to  grasp  the  reins  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  106.  M,  kerajaan:  to  have  the 
government  of;  Ht.  Abd.,  295.  M,perentah: 
id.,  Ht.  Abd.,  13.  M.  pekerjaan :  to  hold 
office  of;  to  be  in  the  employment  of;  Ht, 
Abd.,  10,  II.  M.  penjara  :  to  be  in  charge  of 
a  prison;  Ht.  Abd.,  117. 

pggan  and  pggun.     Terpegan  or  tSrpSgun : 

meditatively  silent ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  23. 
Also  pekan,  q.v. 

pal.  I.  A  tack  in  sailing.  Berpal-pal :  in 
tacks,  tacking ;  Pel.  Abd.,  12.  Membuwang- 
buwang  pal-pal  ka-laut :  to  beat  sea- wards; 
Pel.  Abd.,  116. 

II.  [Dutch  :  paaL]  The  Dutch  ''  pole  "  as  a 
measure  of  length;  Sh.  Lamp.,  9;  Sh.  Kumb. 
Chumb.,  18. 

pglabor.     See  labor. 

pSlata.  Ikan  pelata :  a  small  marine  fish 
(unidentified). 


3"^    pelatut.     An  idler. 


pSlatok.     Burong  pelatok  :  the  Malayan  wood- 
pecker.    Also  belatok.    From  patok. 


J 


p€lajau.  Batang  pelajau :  a  plant  (unidentified) 
yielding  a  milk-like  liquid  used  for  medicinal 
purposes. 

y)i    pSlara.     Fish  preserved  in  an  air-tight  jar. 


Cr^. 


:U 


pulasan.     A  fruit  closely  resembling  the  ram- 
butan,  nephelium  mutabile ;  Ht.  Isk.  T>z, 

P.  hutan :  a  tree,  anthocephalus  cadamba. 


aJ^    pSlasoh.     A  ne*er-do-weel ;  a  worthless  idler 


p31asah.     (Kedah.)     To  borrow  new    things 
and  return  them  to  the  owners  when  used  up. 


c^U     pSlsingi.     (Riau,  Johor.)     A  rainbow  (Ht.  Sh. 
^  Kub.,  Ht.  Ind.   Meng.) ;  a  descriptive  name 

given  to  patterns  marked  by  streaks  of  bright 
colours  (Ht.  Bakht.  9,  Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.).  In  Kedah,  a  rainbow  is  called  ular 
danu. 

Pokok  p. :  a  plant,  aporosa  mtcrocalyx. 


P&LAPAH 


[    467    ] 


PfiLIPISAN 


o 


>"^ 


lT^ 


:^ 


»^ 


pSlapah.     A   flooring  or    partition    of    split 

bamboos. 

Ptsau  p.  :  (Kedah)  a  knife  used  for  scraping 
and  cleaning  hides. 

pSlaga  or  pulaga.  Buwahp. :  the  cardamom, 
amomum  cardamomum;  Pel.  Abd.,  131;  Sh. 
Pant.  ShL,  9. 

Ikan  p, :  a  small  fresh-water  fish  (unidentified). 

pSlamin.  A  sleeping  platform  or  large  couch, 
Ht.  P.J.  P.    Also  pelaminan,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

pglana.  Pers.  A  saddle ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.,  Ht. 
Ind.  Nata;Ht.  Hamz.,  24;  Ht.  Abd.,  106. 
Berpelana  :  saddled ;  e.  g.,  berpelana  mas  :  with 
a  golden  saddle,  Ht,  Sh.  Berpelanakan :  id., 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Alas  p.  :  a  saddle-cloth ;  a  numnah. 

p61awas.  Akar  pHawas  :  o,  plant,  calycopteris 
floribunda. 

pSlawan.  A  generic  name  given  to  a  number 
of  trees  yielding  a  hard  and  good  timber ; 
tristania  spp. 

pSlawai.  (Selangor.)  A  large  tree,  termenalia 
fcetidissima. 

p§lahang.     Gaping  wide  open. 

pfiiahap.     A  gluttonous  eater;  gluttonous. 

pglgbagai.  Varied;  of  different  kinds;  all 
sorts  of.    Cf.  bagai, 

pfilebaya.  (Kedah.)  An  executioner  ;=:(Riau, 
Johor)  pertanda. 

pSlat.     [  Dutch  ^/aa^.  ]     A  sort  of  thimble  or 

finger-plate  used  by  sailmakers. 

Jarmnp,:   (Kedah)    a    pin;  =  (Riau,  Johor) 
jarum  peniti, 

p§lit.  (Kedah.)  A  hanging  fringe  with  a 
saw-edged  border ;  a  long  single  tuft  ending  in 
a  point. 

p616ting.  I.  A  piece  of  bamboo  on  which 
the  thread  is  rolled  up  when  weaving. 

n.     (Kedah.)     Theft,  stealing;  to  steal. 

paltu.  Auxiliary,  assistant.  P.  shah  bandar  : 
a  Deputy  Master  Attendant. 

pSltu.  To  draw  upon  a  common  fund  or 
joint  account, — used  of  one  partner  drawing 
from  funds  belonging  to  all. 

p§l§chus.  (Kedah.)  To  go  somewhat  wide 
of  a  target,  to  miss.     Tepelechus  :  missed. 


ji 


LT^ 


p6ler.      The     male     organs    of    generation. 

Batang  p, :  the  penis.     Buwah  p, :  the  testes. 

P.  itek  :  a  screw. 

P.  kambing:  the  fruit  of  the  plant  heritiera 
lift  oralis, 

P.  musang  :  a  shruhj  fagra^a  atmculata. 

pSlas.  I.  To  fasten  together  (in  nautical 
language);  to  tie;  =  hubong^ 

n.  Kena  mempelas :  (Kedah)  to  be  stripped 
of  one's  property  as  a  woman  married  to  a 
husband  who  spends  her  money  and  divorces 
her  when  it  is  exhausted,  or  as  a  partner  in 
business  when  his  fellow  partner  spends  the 
common  funds  and  dissolves  the  partnership. 
From  mempelas? 

pSlasari  or  pulasari.  A  medicinal  shrub, 
alyxia  sp.     Also  mempelas  hart, 

p§l6sat.  To  fly  off,  as  a  ball  struck  at  an  angle 
by  a  stick, — a  term  used  in  playing  buwah  keras, 

pS16sit.  Belalang  pelesit:  a  small  cricket  or 
grasshopper  which  enters  houses  at  night  and 
is  believed  to  be  the  visible  form  of  a  powerful 
evil  spirit.  The  spirit  itself  is  said  to  be  the 
creation  of  sorcerers  who  send  it  into  houses  to 
work  their  will. 

4-wJl5  palsu.  [Vori,  f also,]  False,  forged,  counter- 
feit,— of  money,  bank-notes,  etc.  The  word 
is  also  used  (lakt4aki  palstc)  of  a  woman  in  the 
garb  of  a  man  ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


1  "ar^-w^rt.^* 


& 


pelang.  Colo\u-ing  when  arranged  in  stripes. 
Bandera  berpelang  iiga :  a  tricolour.  Cf.  pclangi 
(a  rainbow). 

4tsiL^    p61angkeng.     A     "  palanquin "  ;    a    covered 
C  carriage.     Kitrong  p.:  one  form  of  the  cabin  in 

a  native  trading  vessel. 

pglenggas.     A  shelf  where  padi  is  stored. 


3    pglenggap.     A  sleeping  platform. 

i    pSlinggam.     Marble  or  stone,  the  veining  of 
which  offers  a  contrast  of  colour  with  the  rest. 


^ 


pSl^pah.  The  branch-leaf  of  trees  of  the  palm 
kind ;  the  midrib  of  a  palm-leaf.  Pelepah  bawah 
luroh,  pelepah  atasjangan  gelak :  when  the  lower 
palm-leaf  falls  let  not  the  upper  palm-leaves 
laugh ;  when  a  man  dies  let  not  the  survivors 
be  amused,  their  turn  will  come ;  Prov.  Saperti 
puchok  dengan  pelepah :  like  the  shoot  and  the 
leaf  of  the  palm  (which  provide  mutual 
support);  a  useful  alliance;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XL,  64. 

pSlipisan.  The  temples  (of  the  forehead), 
P.  kening :  id.,  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

I  PUiis   tali  pimati  btihu, 
Jangan  hehagi  puncha   terombak  ; 

Betas  hati  bSrasa  pilu, 

TSrang  chuwacha  mtiram  bertagak. 


p£lek 


[  468  ] 


^jh    p@lek.    I.    Strange,  curious,  precious,  valuable, 

11.  Defective,  of  behaviour  or  character; 
lacking,  in  breeding.  Anak  raja-raja pelek  itu: 
those  ill-bred  princes ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.  Tampak 
hati  orang  pelek:  seeing  the  deficiencies  of 
character  in  those  people;  Ht.  Best. 

iJU    pSlok.     The    act    of    folding    in     the    arms; 

embracing. 

Berpelok :  to  embrace.  Memelok :  id.  Pelok- 
kan :  id. 

A  sap   apt   bergtilong'gulong, 
A  nak   buwaya   telempai-lempai  ; 

Niyat  hati   berpelok  gunong, 
A  pa  up  ay  a,   tang  an   ta'-sampai: 

I  hoped  to  embrace  a  mountain,  but  what 
could  I  do?  My  arm  could  not  get  round 
it ; —  I  hoped  to  marry  above  my  position,  but 
what  could  I  do  ?  My  means  would  not  permit 
of  it;  Prov:,  v.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  162.  Takut 
hantu  pelokkan  bangkai :  to  hug  the  corpse  for 
fear  of  the  ghost ;  to  jump  from  the  frying-pan 
into  the  fire;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  97. 

Pelok  tuboh  mengajar  diri :  hug  your  body  and 
lecture  yourself;  grin  and  bear  it;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  95. 

Pemelok:  the  compass  of  the  arms.  Sa- 
pemelok:  as  much  as  one  can  hold  in  the 
arms,  used  as  a  measure  of  circumference,  e.  g., 
sa-pohim  kayu  besar-nya  tig  a  pemelok  (Ht.  Ind. 
Meng.);  cf.,  also  Sej.  Mai.,  56. 

^J^    pdluk.     Vapour  distilled  on  glass;  =  peloh? 

cSji    p616kat.     I.      [Dutch  ^/a^aai.]  A  placard. 
II.     To  caulk  a  ship. 

SJ3    palkah.     The  hatch  of  a  ship. 

JosJ3    p616koh.     I.     Bowed  or  bent,  of  the  neck. 
11.     A  term  of  abuse  ;  "  a  dirty  brute." 


o> 


^yoi  pSlalauwan.  A  notice  or  sign  to  warn  tres- 
passers off  land  or  to  keep  away  persons  from 
a  place  where  someone  is  ill ;  v.  lalau. 

^UA5  p616mbaya.  An  executioner.  A  variant  of 
pUebaya,  q.  v. 

*J^    p61embang.     The  name  of  a  well-known  state 
Kl  in  Sumatra. 

^jJUi  pSlampas.  (Kedah.)  Swift  in  movement  (of 
the  tongue,  foot,  or  hand)  ;  swift  in  speech  or 
action. 


pglampong.  A  float ;  flotsam ;  a  floating  mark ; 
cf.  apong.  The  word  is  used  of  the  float 
marking  the  position  of  an  anchor,  the  floats  of  a 
net  or  fishing  line,  etc. 

pSlSmpap.  Sa-pilempap :  a  hand's-breadth, 
as  a  unit  of  measurement ;  see  telempap. 


>uU 


PfeLURU 


pSlantar.  Flooring,  staging  (without  a  roof); 
a  platform  ;  the  part  of  a  Malay  house  near  the 
staircase.     Also  pelantaran, 

pSlanting.  To  fall  and  rebound ;  rolling  over 
and  over  after  a  fall.  Berpelantinganka-tanah: 
rolling  along  the  ground;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 


jLJlS    pSlantek.     (Kedah.)     A    spring-gun   or  trap 

for  large  animals,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  76;  =  (Riau, 
Johor)  belantek,  q.  v. 

s„^^^^    pSlanjib.    Eng.    The  flying  jib;  Pel.  Abd.,  105. 
P,  bum;  the  flying-jib-boom. 

^j)^    p61anji.     The   miniature   saddle    in    draught 
'tr  harness. 

^Z.J^    pfilenchet.     Terpelenchet :  (Riau,  Johor)  forced 
"*  out  by  pressure,  as  matter  is  forced  out  of  a 

boil;  (Kedah)  tepelechet. 


^ 


pelanchar.  I.  A  joist  or  cross-beam  joining 
together  the  foundation  pillars  of  a  house. 
This  joist  connects  the  pillars  a  little  below 
the  flooring  and  is  only  required  where  the 
pillars  rest  on  bricked  up  foundations  and  are 
weak. 

II.     See  lanchar. 


^^   pelanchok. 

"^       fled). 


A kar pelanchok:  a  liana  (unidenti- 


;JaU 


MiXa^ 


pSlandok.     I.  The  dwarf-deer    or   chevrotin, 

tragulus  kanchil ;  an  animal  to  which  the  Malays 
ascribe  many  of  the  qualities  attributed  by 
Europeans  to  the  fox.  Hikdyat pelandokjenaka; 
*' the  story  of  the  wily  dwarf-deer, "  a  collection 
of  fables  relating  the  triumphs  of  intellect  over 
brute  strength.  Cf.  kanchil :  kanchil  is  the  name 
given  to  the  animal  for  its  size,  and  pelandok 
(Dayak  landok,  stratagem)  for  its  wiliness. 

In  Pantuns  the  pelandok  is  the  type  of  a  very  J 
humble  animal  to  which  a  lover  likens  himsen 
in  a  spirit  of  self-abasement,  cf.  Sh.  Pant.  Shi. 

II.     A  dancer;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

pSlenset.     Terpelenset :  turned  inside  out,  of  the 
upper  eyelid.     Cf.  belenset. 


y^    pSlau.     (Kedah.)    Failure;  unsuccessful  effort. 

Aj  Jl5  pglurn.  [Port,  pelotiro,]  Shot,  bullets;  Ht. 
Abd.,  13,  298. 

P.  besi  lantai :  cylindrical  shot. 

P.  bolang'baling :  chain-shot. 

P.  jantong:  bullets  with  a  cylindrical  body 
and  rounded  point. 

Ta'-ampong  pHuru  di-lalang :  bullets  are  not 
to  be  stopped  in  grass;  do  not  resist  the  power- 
ful with  feeble  weapons ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
L,  96. 


PfiLUWANG 


[    469    ] 


pSm£ndak 


b^ 


J 


\^ 


li 


p61uwang.  Still,  calm, — of  wind  or  weather. 
Minta p,:  (Kedah)  to  ask  for  a  period  of  delay; 
to  ask  for  time. 

pfilupok.  Pelupok  mata :  the  eyelid.  Also 
kelopak  mata. 

pglupoh.  Jo  flatten  out  by  drubbing;  to 
thoroughly  thrash. 

piluka.  A  Javanese  musical  instrument ;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg. 

pfilonok.  To  kill  a  fowl  by  breaking  its  neck 
with  a  backward  jerk. 

pSlohong.  Gaping  open,  perforated  by  a  huge 
hole. 

p61eh.     Sakit  peleh  :  a  disease  (of  the  liver  ?). 

p§loh.  Perspiration,  sweat.  Berpeloh:  to 
perspire.  Pechah  pHoh  merah  padam  :  bursting 
into  sweat  and  fiery  red; — a  description  of 
an  angry  man.  Berkerja  itu  dengan  berpeloh- 
peloh :  to  work  perspiringly ;  Ht.  Abd.,  275. 

pdlihara.  [Skr.  parihdra,]  To  cherish;  to 
nurture ;  to  bring  up ;  to  protect ;  to  guard. 
Lidah  mulut  hendak  pelihara  :  you  should  guard 
your  tongue.  Nama  laki-laki  engkau  peliharai  : 
preserve  your  reputation  as  men;  Sh.  Pr. 
Ach,,  16.  Besar  di'dalampeliharaan  tuwan-ku  : 
grown  up  under  Your  Majesty's  fostering  care ; 
Ht.  Koris.  &mpama  orang  memeliharakan  diri- 
nya  dalam  sarang  lebah :  as  a  man  protects 
himself  in  a  bees' nest ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XI.,  37. 
Also  piyara, 

pSlita.  [Vers.  palUa,']  A  lamp.  Pikir  itu pelita 
hati  :  thought  is  the  lamp  of  the  mind  ;  Prov. 
Tampok  p. :  the  ring-like  carving  round  the 
hook  from  which  a  hanging-lamp  is  suspended. 
P.  terpasang :  a  lighted  lamp;  Ht.  Abd.,  312. 

pSlechok.  A  false  step,  a  slip  causing  the  hand 
or  foot  to  be  twisted  and  strained. 

pglecheh.  Over-flattery;  *' buttering  up"  a 
person ;  "  laying  it  on  with  a  trowel  ";  wheed- 
ling or  cozening. 

pfiliyas.  A  spell  to  make  the  enemy's  shots 
and  blows  miss  one. 


pSlisa.     Instructions 
use  (of  medicine). 


for    use,  directions  for 


pSleset.  To  roll  a  gummed  piece  of  paper  or 
cloth  over  any  surface  so  as  to  stick  it  on  that 
surface ; — used  of  sticking  baize  on  a  table  or 
paper  on  a  wall. 

pSlipis.  The  temples  of  the  forehead.  Also 
pelipisan, 

^^^Si^    pSlekat.     Kain  pelekat :  a  cloth  imported  from 
India. 


P 


3-^ 


pSliman.  A  kar  peliman :  a  medicinal  plant 
(unidentified). 

pSmatang.  A  stretch  of  high  ground  in  padi- 
fields ;  also  permatang,  q.  v. 

pSmarit.  An  instrument  for  scratching  a  line 
parallel  to  the  edge  of  anything, 

pdmalap.  To  reduce  the  size  of  a  light  in 
any  way ;  to  lower  the  light. 

B^sar  pelita   kechil  pefnalap, 

Terang  sangat   habiskan  minyak : 

large  is  the  lamp  and  small  the  check  on  the 
light,  it  is  too  bright  and  wastes  the  oil. 

pSmalam.  To  stop  a  crack  or  crevice  by 
pushing  cloth  into  it  at  the  point  of  a  knife. 

pSmali.  Forbidden,  tabooed;  a  prohibition. 
Pantang  p. :  id.  The  word  is  used  of  the 
numerous  superstitions  against  doing  certain 
things  or  eating  certain  food  at  specified  times, 
lest  such  actions  should  bring  bad  luck. 

pompa.  [Dutch  pomp.]  A  pump;  a  spout; 
a  hose  ;=:bomba. 

pampas.     The  name  of  a  tree  (unidentified). 

pampang.  Stretching  out  before  the  eye ; 
plainly  visible ;  visible  even  at  a  distance ;  Pel. 
Abd.,  47. 

pompong.  I.  A  large  floating  fish-trap 
mainly  of  net.  It  is  usually  anchored  in  a 
tide-way.  This  method  of  fishing  is  much 
practised  by  Chinese  fishermen  in  Province 
Wellesley. 

II.  A  tree-name  (unidentified). 

III.  A  sheath  for  the  protection  of  a  finger- 
nail that  has  been  allowed  to  grow  long. 

pumptin.  A  harmless  sea-millipede  three  or 
four  inches  long.  It  is  much  used  as  bait  for 
fish. 

pimpin.  I.  To  lead  by  the  hand.  Memimpin, 
and  memirnpinkan  :  id.  Memimpinhan  tangan 
tuwanputeri :  leading  the  princess  by  the  hand ; 
Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 

Peinimpin :  A  mentor,  a  guide.  P.  Johor : 
the  '* Johor  Guide";  the  name  of  a  Malay 
grammar. 

IL  Daun  pimpin:  A  plant  (unidentified) 
with  a  leaf  proverbially  unaffected  by  boiling ; 
(by  metaphor)  an  obstinate  man ;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
III.,  38. 

pgmikiran.  (Kedah.)  A  boundary,  a  frontier ; 
a  variant  oi  peminggiran. 

pSmSndak.     A  gold  or  silver  joint  or  ferrule 

between    the    blade  and   handle    of  a  keris. 
\] snoXly  pinongkok  or  pendongkok. 


59 


P&MURHS 


[    470    ] 


PfiNTONQ 


pSmuras.  A  blunderbuss;  Ht.  Gh.;  Ht.  Ind. 
Nata;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  71 ;  Sh. 
Abd.  Mk.,  61. 

p3midaxig.  A  frame  or  stretcher  used  for 
embroidery.     From  bidang,  q.  v. 

pSmipit.    See  pipit. 

pgmikat.     See  pikat 

pSnajap.  (Kedah.)  A  Malay  boat;  (Riau, 
Johor)  pinjajap. 

pSnaram.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Malay  pat^s  con- 
taining prawns,  meat  or  fish ;  (Kedah)  p^neram. 

pinaka.  So  to  speak,  as  it  were,  if  by  any 
chance.  Jika  laksamana  itu  hidop  pula  penaka 
kita  mendapai  perbendaran  di-muka  burnt:  were 
the  laksamana  to  be  alive  again  it  would  be 
giving  us  a  treasure  on  earth ;  Ht.  Hg. 
Tuw.,  63. 


^  b3    pfinakan.     A  variant  of  peranakkan  ;  v.  anaL 

^^^1  pdnaga.  A  generic  name  for  a  number  of 
trees,  especially  calophyllum  inophyllum;  Ht. 
Koris. 

P.  batti :  calophyllum  wallichianum. 

P.  lilin  :  myristica  sp. 

P.  nasi  :  litsea  myristica  folia, 

P.  pay  a :  kayea  grandis. 


\::^    pfinahap.     A     corner;   =   p^njuru,     Bmpat 
penahap  *dlam  :  the  four  quarters  of  the  earth. 


p6nat.  Weariness,  exhaustion,  labour,  fatigue. 
Bilanja-nya  dan  penat-nya :  his  expense  and  his 
trouble;  Ht.  Abd.,  141.  Siya'siya4ah  ada-nya 
pinat  IHah'ku :  my  labour  had  been  spent  in 
vain ;  Ht.  Abd»,  191.  Memenatkan  tuboh  :  to 
weary  the  body ;  to  labour ;  to  take  trouble ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  96. 


3    pdnta.     Berpinta-pinta : 
in  quantities;  Sh.  Panj. 


in  crowds,  in  groups, 
Sg. 


pinta.  Asking  for ;  to  request,  to  apply  for. 
Also  pinta\  SBhya  pinta  duwa  perkara  sehaja  : 
I  ask  for  two  things  only ;  Ht.  Abd.,  30.  Jikalau 
di-pinta-nya  sehaja  ku  berikan  choma-choma: 
they  have  only  to  ask  for  it  and  I  will  give  it 
gratuitously ;  Ht.  Abd*,  38. 

Pintai:  to  ask  for ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  63.  M^minta  : 
to  ask,  to  apply.  Barang-siapayang  meminta 
iya  akan  mendapat:  whosoever  asketh,  he 
shall  also  obtain ;  Ht.  Abd.,  5.  MiminU-lah 
kapada  yang  muUa :  ask  of  him  who  is 
illustrious. 


\^    piata'.    A  variant  oipinia^  q.  v. 


pantat.  The  base,  the  fundament,  the 
posterior,  the  anus.  Hitam  bagai  pantai 
belanga :  black  like  the  bottom  of  the  saucepan; 
Prov.,  Ht.  Best.  Saperti  anjing  menyalak 
di'pantat  gajah  :  like  a  dog  barking  behind  an 
elephant ;  impotent  abuse ;  Prov.  Mulut  bawa 
madu,  pantat  bawa  shtgat :  a  honeyed  mouth 
and  a  sting  behind ;  a  false  flatterer ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  79. 


J^    pintar.     Batav.     Clever,  wily,  sharp. 

^j*ax5  pantas.  Swift,  speedy,  Ht.  Sh.  Mard.;  quick, 
agile,  ready.  P.  mulut:  ready-witted.  Saperti 
kilat  pantaS'Uya:  swift  as  lightning;  Prov., 
Ht.  Abd.,  106;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  45.  Tangan 
kaki-nya pantas :  agile,  nimble;  Ht.  Abd.,  96. 


^J*^*^ 


(J*^* 


LT^ 


1«. 


pantis.  A  slight  smear;  as  much  colouring 
matter  as  one  can  pick  up  on  the  finger-tip  at 
one  time;  to  pencil  the  eyebrows  with  colouring 
matter  in  order  to  improve  their  appearance, 
Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  25.  ^ 

pSntas.  A  sleeping  platform ;  a  raised  flooring 
which  serves  as  a  sleeping  place  in  a  Malay 
dwelling. 

Orang  berdendang  di-pentas-nya, 
Orang   beraja   di-hati-nya : 

a  man  sings  on  his  own  sleeping  place  and  is 
king  in  his  own  heart ;  a  man  has  only  to  be 
contented  in  order  to  be  happy ;  Prov.,  J.  S, 

A.  s.,  ni.,  22. 

pintas.  To  cut  across;  to  take  a  shortcut; 
to  intercept  by  taking  a  short  cut.  Di-pintasi 
juga  belayar :  he  shortened  the  voyage ;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah.  Maka  sigera  di-pintasi  uleh  S.  dari 
hadapan :  S.  promptly  cut  across  to  meet  him 
in  front ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

pantang.  Forbidden,  prohibited ;  to  interdict, 
to  abstain  from.  Hang  Tuw  ah  pun  masok 
keluwar  tiyada  berpantang  /ag-**;  Hang  Tuwah 
was  free  to  go  in  and  out,  no  one  forbidding 
him ;  Ht.  Hg,  Tuw.,  21.  i 

P.  pimali:  tabooed,  things  tabooed; — used 
especially  of  articles  of  food  which  an  invalid 
may  not  eat  or  which  people,  for  superstitious 
reasons,  may  not  consume  at  certain  times,  ^.g^., 
during  pregnancy.  P.  larangan :  id.,  Sh.  Lail. 
Mejn.,  8. 

panting.  Pontang-panting :  topsy-turvy,  helter- 
skelter,  spread  about  here  and  there. 

pSnting.  Worth  or  soundness.  Bangsa 
b^rpenting:  of  good  descent  on  both  sides. 
MunUri  pmtingan :  v^eW-hoxn  officers  of  state; 
Sh.  Pang.  Sg. 


4i:3   pSntong.    To  club  or  cudgel. 


Cf.  also  the  following  description  of  a  Malay  beauty : 
Anak    rambut   mSlSnteh  Wilis, 

Ehof  mata-nya  bagai  di4uli$, 
ChUak  s?ni  kining  di-pantis, 

Chankk  di-handing  di-dalam  maflh. 


PINTANG 


[    471    ] 


PUNTOH 


itXX5    pintang.     Hilang-pintang . 
^         intensitive  of  hilang. 


altogether  lost;  an 


jtU^    pontang     or      ptintang,     Pontang-panting  : 
^         stretched  about  all  over  the  place. 

^2^    punting.     A  variant  oiputing,  q.  v. 

^-^^  puntong.  A  stump;  a  half  burnt  log;  the  fag 
^  end  of  a  cigar  or  any  cylindrical  object.  Sa- 
lambak-lambak  puntong  di-dapor  di4iyup 
bernyala  juga :  however  carelessly  heaped  up 
the  half-burnt  logs  may  be,  you  have  only  to 
blow  on  them  and  they  will  flare  up;  Prov,, 
Ht.  Gh.  Di'bakar  melilit  puntong :  burn  it  and 
it  winds  round  the  firewood  (so  as  to  put  it 
out) ;  he  is  a  man  who  will  not  take  an  injury 
quietly;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  36.  Padam 
menyala  tarek  puntong:  when  the  blaze  is 
extinguished  you  can  withdraw  the  log; 
when  my  life  leaves  me  then  only  will  you  get 
possession  of  me;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  iii. 
Tarek  puntong  padam-lah  bara:  withdraw  the 
log,  the  embers  are  burnt  out ;  you  can  do  what 
you  like,  the  danger  is  past ;  Prov. 

Harimau  puntong  permn:  a   variety  of    the 
black  panther. 


^j^^    pantak.     Forcing  a  stick  into  a  hole,  driving 

a  nail  into  a  wall,  forcing  a  long  body  of  any 
sort  into  a  narrow  aperture. 

3^^  pantek.  I.  Striking  together  two  hard  sub- 
stances such  as  flint  and  steel.  Pemantek  apt  : 
a  flint  and  steel  for  kindling  a  light. 

II.    (Singapore.)    A  variant  of  pantat,  q.  v. 
P.  indok:  a  gross  insult  ;=z  pantat  ibu. 

pantok.  The  combing  on  a  Malay  half- 
decked  boat. 

pantnl.  Pantul  balek :  to  rebound,  to  bound 
back. 

pintal.  To  twine,  as  in  the  process  of  making 
rope.  Rumput  dengan  kebanyakan  di-pintalkan- 
nya  kaki  gajah  pun  dapat  di-jeratkan  :  even 
grass,  if  twined  into  rope  in  sufficient  quantity, 
may  go  so  far  as  to  trap  an  elephant  by  the 
leg ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  314. 

A  wan  p, :    a    rope-like    pattern    carved    in 

wood ;  spiral  carving. 

puntal.  To  coil  rope  round  the  hand  so  as  to 
get  a  good  grip  of  it ;  to  screw  round  the  end 
of  a  piece  of  cloth  as  in  wringing. 

pantSlun.     Eng.     Pantaloons,  trousers. 

^j.:ui  pantun.  A  simile,  a  proverbial  saying ;  (by 
extension)  a  quatrain,  the  first  line  of  which 
rhymes  with  the  third  and  the  second  with 
the  fourth.  In  Sumatra  sa^pantun  is  used 
where  saperti  would  be  used  in  the   Peninsula, 


j^ 


and  the  word  sa-panttm  occurs  in  this  sense  in 
Shamir  Jubili  Melaka,  In  some  romances  {cg.y 
the  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  and  Ht.  Hamz.)  the  word 
pantun  is  used  with  the  meaning  of  **  proverbial 
saying"  (umpamaan);  in  other  romances  it  is 
confined  in  use  to  the  well-known  quatrains. 
The  connection  would  appear  to  be  in  the  use 
of  proverbial  sayings  meaningless  in  them- 
selves, but  used  as  the  equivalents  of  intelligible 
sayings  rhyming  with  them ;  e.g.,  sudah  geharu 
chendana  pula  being  used  for  sudah  tahu 
bertanya  pula.  The  transition  from  '^proverbs  " 
of  this  sort  (based  on  sound)  to  proverbial 
rhymes  would  be  simple. 

Pantunkan :  to   render   proverbial ;   to  make 
a  pantun  of;  Sej.  MaL,  82. 

Berpantun  :  to  utter   a  pantun.     Berpantun- 
pantun  :  id.  (frequentative) ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

j^^     pantau.     I.     Memantau:    to    *'look    up'*     a 
person ;  to  visit. 

II.     (Kedah.)     A  sort  of  rack  for  sticks,  etc. 


^:3     pintau.      The      name       of    a     small     bird 
(unidentified).     Also  pitau. 


J^ 


4JU3 


pintu.  A  door,  a  gate,  an  entrance.  Di-muka 
p.  :  at  the  entrance ;  in  front  of  the  door. 
Penunggu  p. :  a  porter  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Satu 
pintu  kalau  tertutup  sa-puloh  pintu  lagi  terbuka : 
shut  one  door  and  you  will  find  ten  others 
open ;  this  is  a  thing  which  you  cannot  keep 
secret ;  Prov. 

P.  ambang :  a  light  framework  of  wood 
covered  with  cloth  used  as  a  door  when  the 
real  door  is  too  heavy  or  clumsy  for  constant 
opening  and  shutting.  It  does  not  cover  the 
whole   doorway.     See  ambang, 

P.  ayer :  a  water  gate  ;  a  sort  of  lock. 

P.  gerebang,  or  kerebang :  a  main  gate  or 
entrance  ;  (by  metaphor)  toothless,  of  a  man. 

P.  jandela  :  a  long  window  reaching  to  the 
floor  and  partly  closed  by  a  balustrade. 

P.  kambi :  a  light  door,  like  the  p,  ambang, 
but  reaching  to  the  floor. 

P.  lawang  :  a  gate. 

P.  mating :  a  backdoor  without  a  staircase 
to  it ;  Ht.  Sri.  Rama,  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

P.  matt :  sl  door  permanently  nailed  up, 

P.   natang  :  (Kedah)  a  form  of  the  p.  mating, 

P.  salah  :  a  window  in  the  centre  of  the  wall 
of  a  palace. 

P.  serambi :  a  door  leading  from  the  verandah 
to  the  central  room  of  a  Malay  house. 

Jenang  p. :  the  door-posts. 

Penebus  p.  :  a  sort  of  fine  paid  by  a  bridegroom 
to  the  bride's  friends  in  order  to  secure 
admission  to  her  house. 

puntoh.  A  broad  gold  bracelet  worn  on  the 
upper  arm  ;  Ht.  Koris ;  Ht.  Sh. ;  Ht.  Bakht., 
10 ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 


PANTAI 


[    472    ] 


PfeNJURIT 


^ 


iS^ 


i  W^ 


f 


i>\^ 


}^ 


c^ 


.1^ 


pantai.  A  beach  ;  the  sea-shore.  Di-Upi  p.  : 
by  the  edge  of  the  beach.  Orang  p.  :  coast 
dwellers,  as  opposed  to  orang  darat,  dwellers 
in  the  interior.  Lobok  jadi  pantai,  pantai  jadi 
lobok  :  the  ocean  hollows  become  beaches  and 
beaches  become  hollows ;  a  reversal  of  all 
things ;  Prov. 

Berpantaikan :  having  a  beach  of.  Lautan 
madn  berpantaikan  sagar :  an  ocean  of  honey 
with  a  beach  of  sugar  (a  world  of  sweetness) ; 
Ht.  Koris. 

Pantai  is  also  used  metaphorically  of  the 
edge  of  a  forest  {pantai  suwata  hutan)  ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  82. 

punti.  I.  Ikanpunti'pimti:  a  fish  (unidenti- 
fied). 

II.  Buwahpunti  ;  a  fruit  (unidentified). 

III.  Ular punti :  a  snake  ;  bimgarusfasciatns  ?  ^ 

pontiyanak  or  puntiyanak.    An  evil  spirit 

believed  to  be  created  by  the  blood  shed  in 
child-birth  if  that  blood  is  not  carefully 
removed  and  buried.  This  spirit  is  believed  to 
assume  the  form  of  a  small  child.  The  evil 
spirits  known  as  bajang,  pataranggas,  and 
pontiyanak,  though  created  by  child-birth, 
are  not  the  ghosts  of  either  mother  or  child 
(who  may  both  survive);  the  langsuwir,  however, 
pre-supposes  the  death  of  the  woman  and  is 
a  ghost  proper. 

panja.  The  name  given  to  a  large  image  of  a 
human  hand,  the  hand  of  Hasan  (grandson 
of  Muhammad).  This  iscarried  about  Penang 
at  the  Muharram  to  excite  people. 

pgnjagap.  A  Malay  fighting  vessel  with 
peculiarly  adorned  bows.  P.  kepala  kakatuwa, 
and  p.  pagar  tenggalong :  varieties  of  this  kind 
of  ship. 

pfinjara.  [  Skr.  panjdra.  ]  A  prison.  Terpen- 
jara  :  imprisoned.  Penjarakan  :  to  imprison  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  214.  Mempenjarakan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  73. 

panjut.  I.  Tipped  with  white,  marked  with 
a  white  spot  (believed  to  be  lucky).  The 
word  is  used  of  dogs  and  buffaloes  the  tails 
of  which  are  tipped  with  white,  of  a  keris  with 
a  lucky  white  mark  on  it,  etc. ;  Ht.  Sr.  Rama 
(  Maxw.),  II. 

II.  Seluwar  panjang-panjut:  trousers  tight 
at  the  ankles  and  wide  above. 

panjat.  To  climb  (trees,  trunks,  ropes, 
masts,  etc.).  This  word  is  not  used  of 
climbing  hills  or  ladders  (naik),  or  scaling 
walls  (ragang),  or  of  passing  from  branch  to 
branch  of  a  tree  (meniti).  Panjatkan :  id. 
Memanjat:  id,;  Ht.  Abd.,  28;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  89. 

1  Ular  punti  badan-nya  nunioh, 

Rupa~nya    hitam     bHang  kuning  ; 
Malum  herjalan  siyang  mengantok 
Jangan  mudah  di-achan  main. 


^ 

> 

^ 


Jl*» 


^ 


ponjot  or  punjut.  To  tie  up  the  corners 
of  a  handkerchief  or  the  loose  ends  of  a  piece 
of  cloth  so  as  to  constitute  a  little  sack ;  to 
fold  up. 

panjar.     Earnest-money ;  =  chengkeram, 

panjang.  Length;  long;  tall,  of  people. 
*  Umur  p, :  long  life.  Berapa  panjang-nya  :  how 
long  is  it?  Sa-panjang  jalan:  all  along  the 
road  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  4.  Sa-panjang-panjang  jalan  : 
id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  269.  Menarek  nafas  panjang : 
to  draw  a  long  breath ;  Ht.  Abd.,  364. 

Rumah  p, :  (  Singapore )  a  brothel, — from 
the  name  of  the  locality  in  which  the 
prostitutes  were  originally  located. 

Siptit p,  :  a  shell  (unidentified). 

Tinkap  p. :  the  window  running  along  the 
verandah  (serambi  jatoh)  of  a  Malay  house. 

Panjangkan  :  to  lengthen.  Memanjangkan  : 
id.  Tiyada-lah  hamba  memanjangkan  cheritera : 
I  will  not  lengthen  out  the  story ;  Sh.  Put. 
Ak.,  21. 

Berpanjangan  :  for  a  lengthy  period ;  at  great 
length.  Hati-ku  rosak  berpanjangan  :  my  heart 
is  broken  for  ages  to  come ;  Ht.  Koris  ;  cf.  also 
Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  7. 

Panjang  is  also  used  as  a  familiar  name 
(timang4imangan) ;  v.  anjang.  It  is  given  to 
the  fourth  or  fifth  child  in  a  family. 

punjong.  An  arch  of  lattice  work  for  trailing 
plants  to  form  an  arbour. 

panjak.     The  man  who  plays  the  drum  at  a 
ma'yong ;  a  drummer;   a  gamelanpldiyer,   Ht. 
Mas.  Ed.,  Sh. 
panjak-nya). 


Panj.  Sg.  ( gamelan  di-paln  uleh 


pinjul.     (Kedah.) 
above  the  proper 
one  too  many. 


To  throw  in  one  over  and 
number  ;  to  give  or  count 


pinjam.  Loan,  lending.  Pinjaman  :  a  loan  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  231.  Negeri  dunya  ini  negeri 
pinjaman :  the  kingdoms  of  this  world  are  only 
lent  us  for  a  time  ( they  are  not  eternal  like 
the  kingdom  of  God) ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  25.  Minta 
pinjam :  borrowing.  Biri  pinjam :  giving  in 
loan.  Meminjam  :  to  have  in  loan,  i.e.  to  lend 
out  ( one's  own  money )  or  borrow  ( that  of 
others )  according  to  the  context.  Meminjam 
perkataan  behasa  Iain-lain :  to  borrow  words 
from  other  languages ;  Ht.  Abd.,  344. 

p§njam.  To  close  the  eyes ;  a  variant  of 
pejam,  q.  v.  Di-penjamkan  mat  any  a :  he 
closed  his  eyes;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 


panju.     (Penang.) 
napkin. 


A  handkerchief,  towel    or 


>  ^    pfinjurit.      A   warrior,   a  plunderer,   a  thief. 


See  jnrit. 


PfiNJURU 


[    473    ] 


PANCHING 


^?    pSnjuru.     A  corner,  a  quarter;  v.  juru.. 

^3    panji.     I.     Panji-panji:     a    pennon,    a    long 
^^       streamer  on  a  lance ;  Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub., 
etc. 

Anak   china   tebang  keranji, 
Habis  buwah  bertabor -tabor an ; 

Tiiwan   laksana  panji-panji, 

Di-tiytip   angin  b^rkibar-kibaran  : 

you,  Sir,  are  like  a  pennon  which  quivers 
as  the  wind  blows  (you  are  of  uncertain 
disposition) ;  Prov. 

The  word  is  also  used  to  describe  the  peculiar 
streamers  decorating  a  sacred  tree  or  keramat ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  204. 

II.  An  old  Javanese  military  grade.  Seri 
Panji,  or  Sira  Panji :  the  nom  de  guerre  of  the 
Javanese  hero  Raden  Imi  Kertapati,  Prince  of 
Kuripan. 


i 


M 


pancha.  [Skr. :  five.]  Five,  multiple ;  the 
hand  with  the  five  fingers  stretched  out 
(cf.  panja), 

P.  indera:  the  five  senses;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  156. 

P.  lima :  sleight-of-hand. 

P.  logam :  an  alloy  of  several  (nominally  of 
five)  metals. 

P.  persada :  a  bathing-place  (usually  a  tem- 
porary structure)  where  the  ceremonial  washing 
after  a  royal  wedding  takes  place ;  Ht.  Si  Misk. 
It  derives  its  name  from  the  number  of  its 
towers  or  cupolas.  P.  pennandiy an :  id. ;  lit, 
Sh.  Kub. 

P.  raja  di-raja :  a  royal  hearse,  Ht.  Ism. 
Yat.,  139 ;  =  angkatan  raja  di-raja, 

P.  roba :  uncertain,  of  wind ;  vacillation,  of 
temperament. 

P.  rona :  of  many  colours.  Benang  pancha- 
rona :  thread  or  string  the  strands  of  which 
are  of  different  colours. 

P.  w arena  ;=:/).  rona. 

Main  p, :  to  press  hand  against  hand, — of  a 
game  where  two  people  test  the  strength  of 
their  hands.     Berpancha  :  id.,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

3  puncha.  The  loose  end  or  fag  end  of  anything, 
such  as  a  piece  of  rope  or  cloth ;  the  pendent 
extremity  of  a  scarf  worn  on  the  shoulder ;  Ht. 
Sh.,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.,  Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

Umpan  habis,  panching  puttis, 
Puncha  terl^pas  daripada  tangan  : 

the  bait  is  finished,  the  line  is  broken  and  the 
loose  end  of  it  has  slipped  from  the  hand; 
— everything  has  failed  and  no  hope  is  left ; 
Prov. 

pgnchalang.  A  native  sea-going  vessel  with 
a  peculiar  high  stern  and  low  bows.  It  is 
much  used  by  Bugis  traders. 

3  pSnchalak.  A  stick  used  to  extract  the 
pounded  areca-nut  from  the  portable  pounder 
(gobek)  used  by  old  men. 


ai\i?    pSnchalok.     I.     A    preserve    made  of  small 

'^        prawns,      salt,     pepper,     onions,     etc.     Also 
chenchalok, 

II.  A  thick  brush  such  as  is  used  for  gum- 
ming or  painting  large  surfaces.  Cf.  chalit 
and  palit, 

^j^^    panchit.     To  ooze  out,  to  gush  forth  in  a  thin 

*  stream,     Cf.  panchut, 

.13    panchut.     To     spout   out    with    force    and 
* — t         rapidity;  to    gush     forth,    of  a    liquid.     Cf. 
panchar,  panchor,  and  panchut, 

^zJr     penchot  or  pinchut.     See  penchang, 

ii 

j^    panchar.     To  gush  out,  to  pour  out,  to  be 

*  dashed  out  with  force.  Kilai  memanchar :  the 
lightning  flashes.  Terpanchar  otak-nya :  his 
brains  were  blown  out;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  442, 
Otak-nya  pimberpancharan  :id. ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  17. 

J^    panchar.     Flowing  of  water  through  pipes  or 
along  conduits ;  to  flow  out  of  the  end  of  a  pipe. 

Panchoran:  a  conduit,  Ht.  Hamz.,  5  ;  better 
panchar  an  ayer,  Panchar  lavangan :  '*  the 
conduit  which  it  was  forbidden  to  approach," 
a  name  given  to  a  spring  at  which  princesses 
bathed;  Ht.  Abd.,  199. 


^j 


p^nchSrut.  Fastening  by  constriction ;  tying 
a  knot  round  an  object;  tying  up  by  the  use  of 
an  elastic  band. 


^^J^    pancharoba.     See  pancha. 


ip    pancharona.  0{fivecolours,=panchawarena, 
O^X^      see  pancha. 


^^    panchang.     1.  A  long  pole,  a  pile,  a  stake, — 
Cj        used  especially  of  the  stakes  driven  into  the 

sea-bottom  to  serve  as  moorings  for  light  boats. 

Bagai    panchang    di-gonchang    harus:     like   a 

mooring-pile  shaken  by  the  current ;  vacillating; 

Prov. 
II.     A  form  of  wrestling  (KL,  quoting  from 

the  Hikayat  Raja  Pasai).     CL  penchok, 

^^  panching.  Angling;  fishing  with  hook  and 
C?  line;  a  line  for  fishing.  P.  ikan:  to  angle  for 
fish. 
Bodoh-bodoh  sepat,  nak  makan  panching  mas: 
the  folly  of  the  fish  *' sepat ''  which  hkes  to 
swallow  a  golden  hook;  the  folly  of  a  man  who 
ruins  himself  for  a  show  which  all  laugh  at ; 
Prov. 

Panching  is  also  used  (metaphorically)  to 
signify  that  a  man  picks  and  chooses  in  his  diet 
and  so  conveys  the  meaning  ^*  fastidious,"  or 
*^delicate." 


PANCHONG 


[    474    ] 


PINDANQ 


^ 


^ 


^ 


yf 


panchoBg.  Cutting  off  a  projection,  lopping, 
beheading,  cutting  off  a  limb,  mutilating, 
Panchong'lah  muluUnya :  mutilate  the  mouth, 
i.e.,  cut  out  the  tongue;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam,,  255. 

Banyak  belanda  terkena  panchong, 
Sa4engah  terk^rat  tilinga  dan  hidong ; 
many  Dutch  were  mutilated,  some  had  their 
ears  and  others  their  noses  cut  off;  Sh,  Par. 
Ach.,  17. 

Memanchong :  to  prune,  to  lop,  to  behead,  to 
mutilate;  Ht.  Raj,  SuL,  25,  Panchongkan  :  id. 
Panchongkan  kepala :  to  behead ;  Ht,  Pg.  Ptg. 
Timpat  pimanchongan :  a  place  of  execution  or 
punishment;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul,  26.     Cf.  manchong, 

penchang  or  pmchang.  Pimhong-pinckut,  or 
(Kedah)  penchang-penchot:  zigzag,  irregular. 

Pinchang'ptnchut,   kaki  ayam, 

Ptmkor  herut  berjalan  malam : 

zigzag,  zigzag,  like  the  feet  of  a  fowl,  crooked 

behind  and  choosing  night  for  their  walks, — 

a  proverbial  rhyme  quoted  against  prostitutes. 

penchong.  Out  of  line,  swerving  from  its 
proper  direction  or  course;  crooked,  broken, 
discontinuous, 

panchapersada.    See  pancha. 

pSnchak.  A  variety  of  the  sword  dance; 
fencing.  Silatp,:i±y  Ht.  Gh.  M^menchak: 
(Kedah)  to  fence.  Berpmchak:  id.,  Ht. 
Hamz.,  14.     Cf.  panchang  and  pancha, 

pinchok.     A  way   of  preparing  sour  fruits  or 

vegetables  for  consumption ;  slicing  and  boiling 
them  in  syrup. 

Laksana  nyior   mumbang  di-buwat 
Pinchok   menghilangkan  kelat: 
like    a  young  coco-nut  which    is  made  into 
pinchok  to  deprive  it  of  its  "bite'* ;     Prov. 

ponchak  or  pxmchak.  Top,  summit,  crown ; 
the  end  of  a  rope ;  the  top  of  a  Malay  umbrella; 
the  knob  on  a  flagstaff.  P.  gunong:  the  crest 
of  a  mountain,  Sh.  Panj.  Sh.  See  kemonchak 
which  is  the  (derivative)  form  in  common  use. 
Also  (Kedah)  pochak, 

pSnohil.  Detaching ;  separation ;  severance  of 
an  individual  or  small  body  from  the  main 
body.  Terpenchil :  to  get  detached,  to  become 
severed  (from  the  main  body).  Terpinchil4ah 
raja  daripada  lashkar-nya:  the  prince  got 
separated  from  his  army;  Ht.  Gh.  Barang 
yang  terpenchil  di4angkap  uleh  harimau :  what- 
ever got  separated  was  taken  by  tigers;  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  382. 

panchalogam.  An  alloy  of  several  metals; 
seepancha. 

panchawardna.  Of  several  (nominally  five) 
colours;  see  pancha. 


joi 


,\jci 


•jb\jci 


o^ 


J 


joi 


J 


xfi 


ojJci 


^Jifi 


'Jci 


pSnda.  To  amend ;  to  alter  with  the  object 
of  improving  (used  of  amendments  to  rules 
and  regulations). 

pandawa  or  pgndawa.  Skr.  A  name  given 
to  the  heroes  of  the  Mahabharata,  the  five 
sons  of  Panda.  The  three  most  commonly 
known  are  Yudisthira  (Malay:  Maharaja 
Dermawangsa) ;  Arjuna  (Sang  Ranjtma)  and 
Bhima  (Sang  Bima) .     Hikdyat  Pandawa  J  ay  a, 

Hikayat  Pandawa  Lima:  names  of  Malay  stories 

borrowed  from  the  Mahabharata. 

These  heroes  have  also  given  their  names  to 
patterns  of  swords,  rings,  etc. ;  e.  g.,  mengunus 
pandawa,  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  39;  bSrchinchin 
pandawa-jaya,  Ht.  Ind.  Nata;=:  kain  songket 
pandawa  (a  pattern  of  cloth) ;  pisau  pandawa  (a 
Kedah  weapon) ;  dudok  di-wijil  pandawa,  Ht. 
Perb.  J  ay  a. 

pdndahan.  A  javelin,  a  dart  hurled  by  the 
hand;  Ht.  Hamz.,  20. 

pandir.  Pa'  pandir:  **old  Father  Pandir,'' 
the  name  of  a  legendary  person  who  typifies 
the  born  fool.  Saperti  Pa'  Pandir :  like  Pa' 
Pandir,  a  proverbial  description  of  a  loquacious 
fool. 

pdndar.  Phosphoric  light,  phosphorescence, — 
used  of  the  "phosphoresence"  of  the  waves, 
the  luminosity  of  the  millipede  (kelemayar), 
the  glow  of  a  firefly  or  glow  worm,  etc.  P. 
mata:  "to  see  stars."     Also  (Kedah)  penar. 

p3nd§rah.  A  talismanic  protection  against 
wounds  either  by  the  use  of  a  lucky  keris  which 
wards  off  all  blows  or  by  direct  magical 
influence  on  the  arm  of  the  assailant. 

pandang.  Gazing;  looking  fixedly  at  any 
thing  ;  noticing  ;  seeing  and  observing,  in 
contradistinction  to  merely  seeing.  Di- 
pandang-nya  lebeh  kapada  orang  kaya  dan  korang 
kapada  orang  miskin :  he  paid  more  attention 
to  the  rich  and  less  to  the  poor ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  290. 

Pandangan :  sight,  observation,  notice ;  Ht. 
Abd,,  148.  PBmandangan  :  id.  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  166,  295,  336. 

Memandang :  to  see,  to  observe,  to  notice,  to 
look  at,  to  stare  at.  Pnchat-lah  muka-ku  sebab 
memandang  muka  segala  peranakan  holanda  : 
my  face  became  pale  (with  shame  and  annoy- 
ance) at  seeing  the  looks  of  the  men  of  Dutch 
descent ;  Ht.  Abd.,  191. 

pSnding  or  (Kedah)  pSndeng.  A  metal  clasp 
for  a  girdle  ;  an  ornamental  waist-buckle; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah. ;  Sh,  Bid.,  9 ;  Sh.  Kamp. 
Boy.,  II ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  15. 

Tali  p. :  a  girdle  with  a  metal  plate-clasp. 

pindang.  Fish  cooked  with  a  piquante  sauce 
containing  salt,  asam  gelugor,  and  other 
ingredients.  P.  bitawi  and  p,  serani :  varieties 
of  this  dish. 


PONDONQ 


[    475    ] 


pIindekar 


J^ 


*-Jjci 


pondong.  I.  To  carry  in  the  folds  of  a  scarf 
slung  over  the  back. 

II.     A  temporary  shelter  built  by  travellers 
who  have  to  pass  the  night  in  the  jungle.     Cf. 

pondok. 

punding.  To  twist  or  ravel  up, — of  rope 
which  has  been  held  tight  and  is  then  relaxed 
so  that  it  ravels  up. 


pSndongkok.    A   metal 

blade     and     handle     of 
penongkok. 


ferrule  between  the 
a    kiris;     (Kedah) 


i±i 


;Ja5 


pfindap.  I.  A  plant  (unidentified).  Benibah 
rupa  futroh  baginda  leteh  lesu  sapevti  pmdap 
layu  rupa-nya:  the  bodily  appearance  of  the 
prince  was  changed  by  weariness-  till  he 
drooped  like  the  faded  pmdap ;  Ht.  Koris. 

II.     Ikan  pmdap :    (Riau,  Johor)   fish    pre- 
served in  salt. 

pandak.  Short  (in  certain  expressions  only, 
the  usual  word  being  pendek)  ;  a  name  {timang- 
timangan)  given  to  the  fifth  or  sixth  child  in 
a  family.  Keris  p.:  a  short  keris,  Ht.  Hg. 
Tuw.,  38. 

pendek.     Short.    Pidang pendek-pendek :  a  very 

short  sword.  Panjang  p, :  long  and  short ; 
tall  and  short.  Bekerja  panjang  p. :  to  work 
irregularly;  Ht.  Abd,,  96.  The  word  pendek 
would  appear  to  be  only  a  local  (Straits) 
variant  of  pandak,  but  it  is  the  common 
colloquial  form. 


^•XX3  pendok.  A  wrapping  of  thin  metal  round  the 
lower  part  of  the  sheath  of  a  k^ris.  Berpendok 
mas :  with  a  wrapper  of  gold ;  Ht.  Ind,  Nata. 

3*^  pondok.  A  shed,  a  lean-to,  a  temporary 
shelter  (Ht.  Abd.,  201,  229) ;  (Singapore)  a 
sort  of  residential  club-house  for  Boyanese. 
Jika  ttiwan  sudi  bernaung  di-pondok  aku :  if 
you,  Sir,  care  to  take  shelter  in  my  humble 
hut ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

Kepala  p, :  (Singapore)  a  Boyanese  headman. 

mJ:^  pandam.  A  goldsmith's  term  describing 
the  process  of  fixing  a  piece  of  jewellery  in 
rosin  so  as  to  prevent  it  from  moving  when 
worked  at. 


f 


•Ax^    p3ndam.  To  bury.  Berahi-nyayangterpendam , 


buried  feelings  of  love ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

\Jc^  pandan.  A  generic  name  given  to  the 
smaller  screw- pines  {pandanacece)  the  leaves 
of  which  are  used  in  making  mats. 

P.  berduri  ;=:/>.  tikus. 
P,  biru  :  mapania  hypoUtroides, 
P.duri:  pandanus  fascicutaris. 
P.  rasan :  pandanus  rusow. 
P,  tihus :  pandanus  ovatm. 


jJci    pandu.    A    guide,   a  pilot,   the  leader  of  a 
-^  dance  or  first  dancer. 


Q^^-M    pgndoman.     A  compass ;  see  pedoman. 

AA^Jci    pSndomah.     See  phtomah. 

oJa3  pindah.  Transition ;  movement  from  one 
place  to  another;  transference,  translation. 
Pindah  ka-nimah :  to  move  to  a  house;  Ht. 
Abd.,  194. 

Pindahkan :  to  transfer ;  to  take  from  one 
place  to  another;  to  translate.  Pindahkan 
tulang-tulang  orang  mati :  to  transfer  the  bones 
of  the  dead  (to  a  new  tomb) ;  Ht.  Abd.,  255. 
Behasa  inggBris  di-pindahkan  kapada  behasa 
melayu  :  English  translated  into  Malay ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  i6g. 

Berpindah :  to  move  (intransitive)  from  one 
place  to  another, — especially  of  changing 
one's  abode.  Bapa-ku  pun  berpindah-lah  ka- 
rumah  lain :  my  father  moved  to  another 
house  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  22. 


i^X3  pandai.  Skilled,  able,  learned,  versed  in; 
a  skilled  artificer,  a  mechanic;  industrial  art. 
Mmchari  Hlmu  sa-hingga  menjadi  pandai :  to 
seek  knowledge  till  one  becomes  learned ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  47.  Jikalau  pandai  dan  muliya 
tetapi  tiyada  bcfMria  neschaya  terhina  juga : 
though  learned  and  illustrious,  if  he  has  no 
money,  people  will  look  down  on  him ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  5.  Membuwat  pandai-pandai :  to  play 
the  learned  man;  to  swagger  or  pretend  to 
know ;  Ht.  Abd.,  45. 

P.  best:  a  blacksmith;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  20. 

P.  kayu:  a  carpenter;  Ht,  Sh.  Mard. 

P.  lukis:  an  engraver;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  100. 

P.  mas:    a     goldsmith;     Ht.     Sh.     Mard.; 
Ht.  Isk.  Dz.;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  340. 

KBpandaiyan  :  learning,  knowledge,  skill;  Ht. 
Abd.,  4,  22,  40,  etc. 


r  Jl13    ptindi.    Pundi'pundi :  a  satchel,  a  bag,  a  purse, 
^"^      Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  71;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  25,  145; 
(also)    a  bladder.    Pundi-pundi  h^mpedu :  the 
gall-bladder. 


jJci    pSndiyat.    An    enclosure    into    which   wild 
elephants  are  driven ;  a  corral. 


Cp*iJ^  pandita.  [Skr.  pandita.]  A  learned  man, 
a  sage,  a  "pundit";  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.;  Sej. 
Mai.,  7. 

y^i^  p6ndekar.  A  warrior  who  fights  in  the  van, 
a  champion,  a  professional  fighter;  Sh,  Abd. 
Mk.,  4;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  25, 


P£SNAR 


[    476    ] 


PUTAT 


Misai   di'penaik,  janggut  di-hnrnt, 
Menunjok  pendekar   tanda   berani; 

Gendang  perang  berbunyi   kSlam    kabtU, 
Diya4ah   dahulu   membawa   dirt : 

he  curls  up  his  moustaches  and  twists  his  beard 
into  a  fork  to  show  that  he  is  a  champion  and  to 
bear  witness  to  his  pluck,  but  when  the  drum  of 
battle  sounds  and  the  clouds  of  battle  gather 
it  is  he  who  is  the  first  to  take  to  flight. 

j^    pSnar.     (Kedah.)    Phosphorescent  luminosity; 
V.  pendar, 

\xl    Pensil.     Eng.     Pencil;     Pel.  Abd.,   56;    Ht. 
^  Abd.,  ^08,  ^64. 


oj^ 

<u^ 


4J^ 


4;^ 


iS^ 


Abd.,  308,  364. 

pensan.  To  faint ;  a  variant  (Riau)  ofpengsan, 
q.  V. 

pSning.  Dizziness  as  after  a  blow ;  faintness  ;  a 
rush  of  blood  to  the  head.  P.  kepala  or  sakit  p. : 
swimming  in  the  head ;  vertigo  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  280. 
Rasa  p, :  the  sensation  of  giddiness. 

pgnongkok.  A  variant  (Kedah)  of  pendongkok, 
q.  V. 

pSninggir.  The  outskirts  or  outlying  portions 
of  an  empire ;  the  confines  of  a  country ;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mahaw. 

penakawan.     The  suite  of  a  Javanese  prince. 

pSnomah.  Jav,  A  present  made  by  a  bride- 
groom to  the  bride's  parents.  Also  raja  peno- 
mah  and  (Kedah)  pmdomah.  In  Kedah  these 
presents  are  brought  separately  and  need  not 
be  returned,  as  the  pesolok  presents  must  be  in 
the  form  of  return-presents  of  equal  value. 


pSnoh. 


Ever;  a  colloquial  variant  of /jmm/t, 


V. 


pSnoh.  Fullness ;  full.  Kampong  penoh  dengan 
pohun  kelapa:  a  compound  full  of  coco-nut  trees ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  170.  P.  sesak  :  chock-full ;  crowded ; 
crammed;  Cr.  Gr.,  64;  Ht.  Abd.,  113. 

Dengan  sa-pSnoh-penoh  :  with  all ;  with  every ; 
to  the  full  extent  of  the  contents  of  anything. 
Harap'lah  aku  dengan  sa-penoh-penoh  harap  akan 
Tuhan :  I  trust  with  the  fullest  confidence  in 
God;  I  put  all  trust  in  God;  Ht.  Abd.,  281. 

Penohi  and  memenohi ;  to  fill  up ;  (by  metaphor) 
to  complete,  to  accomplish,  to  fulfil*  Supaya 
di-penohi-nya  akan  kehindak  kekasih-kti  ttu :  that 
He  may  grant  fulfilment  to  the  desire  of  my 
beloved  friend ;  Ht.  Abd.,  15.  Memenohi  kolam 
dengan  ayer  mawar :  to  fill  a  pond  with  rose- 
water;  Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  64. 


pSniti.     [Port,  alfinete.]      A   pin;  Sh. 
Shi.,  12.     Bantal  p, :  a  pin-cushion. 


Pant. 


fj^    pfineram.     A  sw^eetmeat  made  of  tepong  jawi 
and  sugar,  cooked  in  coco-nut  oil. 


pfinnyet.  Hidong  pennyet :  a  flattened  nose,  a 
**pug"  nose. 

p6nnyut.  Sucking  at  the  breast,  of  children, — 
with  reference  to  the  peculiar  sucking  action 
of  the  cheeks. 


^.•Mwd 


pgnnyap.     Hidden, 
sight.     Cf.  lennyap. 


vanished,     lost,   out    of 


pSnnyu.  The  green  turtle,  chelone  mydas; 
Ht.  Koris.  Penny u  itu  bertelor-telor  beribn-ribu 
sa-orang  pun  tiyada  tahu ;  ayam  bertelor  sa-biji 
pechah  sa-buwah  negeri :  the  turtle  lays  eggs  by 
the  thousand  and  no  man  knows  of  it ;  a  fowl 
lays  a  single  egg  and  the  whole  town  is 
acquainted  with  the  fact ; — boasting  is  usually 
inversely  proportionate  to  the  value  of  the 
work  done;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XI.,  70. 

po.  [  Chin.  p6.]  Main  po  :  a  Chinese  form 
of  gambling.  The  po  itself  is  a  sort  of  brass 
box  in  which  a  die  is  concealed. 

puwadai.  [Tam.  pdwddei.]  Cloth  laid  down 
at  a  burial  or  wedding  for  the  procession  or 
guests  to  pass  over;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  2. 

puwasa.  [Skr.  upawasa.]  Fast,  abstinence. 
Puwasa  pada  siyang  hart :  to  fast  during  the 
day-time ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  380.  Puwasahan :  to 
observe  a  fast,  to  make  a  fast ;  Ht.  Abus.,  32. 
BtUan  pnwasa :  the  month  of  Ramadlan. 

puwaka.  A  spirit  of  the  earth;  a  demon 
believed  to  dwell  in  a  fixed  spot  or  locality ; 
a  **  genius  loci  "  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Ayer   berpntar  jangan   chebok, 
Puwaka   besar  dudok   meminggn : 

do  not  take  your  water  from  an  eddy,  a 
mighty  demon  dwells  there  to  guard  it. 

Che'   Ayti  orang  melaka^ 

Stinting  btmga   kuntimi   bertangkai; 
Kayii  geharu  kayu  puwaka 

Sukat  di-puja   beharu    di-pakai : 

incense  wood  (aquilaria  malaccensis)  is  wood 
that  is  haunted ;  only  by  worshipping  before 
it  can  you  venture  to  put  it  into  use. 

puwalam.     Tam.     Marble. 

po'ta.     Matchless,  excellent ;  also  pokta. 


for   a    number    of 


putat.     A   generic   name 
plants,  viz.  : 


P.  bukit :  barringtonia  sp. 
P.  darat :  barringtonia  macrostachya, 
P.  gajah  :  barringtonia  pterocarpa. 
P.  padi  :  barringtonia  racemosa. 
A  kar  p, :  gnetum  funiculars 


PUTAR 


[    477    ] 


POTIYA 


j*^  putar.  L  Rotation,  motion  on  an  axis. 
Pxiiav  hemiidi :  to  turn  the  wheel  in  steer- 
ing. Putaran :  a  windlass;  Sh.  Lamp.,  ii. 
Terputar-putar :  turned  round  and  round; 
revolving  continually ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Memtdar 
jagat :  turning  the  world, — a  Javanese  desig- 
nation forming  a  part  of  the  full  royal  title ; 
Ht.  Sh. 

II.  Akar    putarwali :     (Jav.     bratawali)     a 
medicinal  creeper,  also  known  as  akar  sBruntim. 

III.  Btirong  ptitar :   a   kind   of  turtle-dove 
(unidentified). 


^jJj3  putus.  Severance,  splitting  or  breaking  of; 
(by  metaphor)  to  settle,  to  put  an  end  to. 
Ayer  di-chenchang  tiyada  puUis  :  water  does  not 
break  in  two  under  a  cut;  Prov.  Tetak  ayer 
manakan ptittis  :  a  variant  of  the  same  proverb). 
Putus  benang  dapat  di-hubong,  patah  arang  siidah 
sa-kali :  a  broken  thread  may  be  united  by  a 
knot,  a  piece  of  charcoal  once  broken  is 
broken  for  ever;  there  are  quarrels  which  can 
be  settled  and  others  which  make  reconciliation 
impossible;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  147.  P. 
bichara  :  the  settlement  of  a  dispute;  Ht.  Raj. 
Don.,  77.  P.  rmiwdfakat :  to  come  to  a 
definite  agreement ;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  76.  P. 
razki :  to  exhaust  one's  supplies.  P.  makan  : 
id.  P.  asa  :  hopeless.  P.  nyawa  :  to  die.  P. 
herga :  to  pay  a  price,  to  settle  a  bill. 

Putuskan :  to  settle,  to  terminate,  to  break. 
Memutuskan  :  id.,  Ht,  Raj.  SuL,  22.  Putusi : 
id.  Herga-nya  beluni  hamba  putusi :  I  have 
not  yet  paid  its  price ;  Sh.  Sri.  Ben.,  80. 

Keputman  :  severance,  settlement,  completion. 

K,  beya:  the  payment  of  customs  dues ;  Ht. 
Ism.  Yat.,  99.  Yang  tiyada  berkeputusan  : 
endless,  uninterrupted;  Ht.  Abd.,  113,200; 
Cr.  Gr.,  43. 

Cf.  potong  and  puntong. 


'& 


potong.  Cutting;  cutting  off;  a  piece  so  cut 
off.  Sa-potong  tanah :  a  piece  of  land ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  236.  Sa-potong  kain  :  a  strip  of  cloth  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  268.  Di-suroh  potong  akan  ganibar 
itu  di'papan :  he  ordered  the  picture  to  be  cut 
in  wood;  Ht.  Abd.,  155.  Di-sukai-nya  per- 
kataan  rengkas  di-potong-potong-nya  di-tengah- 
tengah :  he  liked  brevity  of  speech  and  cut 
sentences  short  in  the  middle ;  Ht.  Abd.,  337. 

Memotong :  to  cut,  to  cut  down  or  cut  off. 
Cf.  puntong,puting  and  putus. 


j^A    puting.     The  part    of    the    blade    which    is 
Gr        buried   in  the  handle ;  a  pointed  projection  of 
any  sort ;  a  fag  end  or  stump. 

P.  bUiyong :  (i)  that  part  of  a  native  hatchet 
which  is  buried  in  the  handle ;  (2)  a  whirlwind ; 
Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  4 ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard, 

P.  chipU'Chepu :  the  pointed  foot  of  a  mast 
which  is  buried  in  the  truck. 

P.  damar :  the  part  of  a  torch  which  is  held 
in  the  hand  and  is  left  unconsumed. 

P.  susu:  the  nipple  of  the  breast. 


P.  tmggala :  the  handle  of  a  plough-share. 

Parang p,:B,  very   sharp   chopper    (parang), 
Hikdyat  parang  puting :  a  story  in  which  the 

hero  conquers  a  number  of  dragons  by  the 
use  of  one  of  these  choppers  which  (by 
magic  art)  cut  heads  off  automatically. 

Surah   kerja,   golok   keling ; 
Surah  makan ,  parang  puting: 

order  him  to  work  and  he  is  the  bluntest  of 
tools  fa  golok  keling)  ;  order  him  to  eat  and 
he  is  the  sharpest ;  Prov, 


putek  or  putik.  The  fruit  as  it  appears 
immediately  after  the  falling  of  the  blossom. 

putu.  A  generic  name  given  to  a  number  of 
cakes  made  of  pulut  flour,  and  forced  into  a 
wooden  mould.  Kuweh  putu  mayang :  the 
best  known  of  these  cakes. 

putah.     A  river  fish  (unidentified), 

puteh.  White,  whiteness;  (also)  a  familiar 
name  (timang-timangan)  given  to  the  sixth  or 
seventh  child  in  a  family.  Puteh  puteh  udang 
kepai;  hitam  hitam  gajah:  one  is  white  but  it 
is  the  whiteness  of  a  shrimp,  the  other  is  black 
but  it  is  the  blackness  of  an  elephant;  one 
is  fair  but  it  is  an  ugly  fairness,  the  other  is 
dark  but  it  is  a  comely  darkness ;  Prov. 

P.  kuning  :  "white  yellow," — a  much  admired 
colour  for  a  complexion,  and  a  term  of 
endearment,=  "  my  fair  one." 

P.  mata  :  being  put  to  shame ;  the  shamefaced 
look  on  being  *' scored  off" ;  Ht.  Koris,  Sh. 
Lamp.,  34.  Putehkan  mata:  to  put  to  shame  ; 
Ht.  Koris. 

Puteh  mata  si-burang  punai, 
Kayu   ara   di-tunggu   lang : 

the  poor  green  pigeon  has  been  badly  sold, 
the  fig-tree  (he  perches  on)  is  being  watched 
by  a  hawk ;  Sh.  Peng.,  5. 

P.  meleseh  and  p,  puchat :  pale  whiteness. 

P.  tulang :  the  whitening  of  bones;  a 
metaphor  for  death.  Biyar  puteh  tulang  jangan 
puteh  mata :  **  let  your  bones  whiten  rather  than 
your  eyes  "  ;  better  death  than  dishonour ;  Prov. 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  26. 

Kayti^  p. :  kajeput. 

Orang  p, :  a  white  man ;  a  European  and 
(especially)  an  Englishman. 

Puteh'putehan  :  a  disease  of  women  ;  leucor- 
rhoea? 

Memuteh  :  to  become  white ;  Ht.  Best. ;  Ht. 
Raj.  Don.,  11.  Memuteh  bunga  di-dalam  kebun, 
sa4angkai  sehaja  yang  menggila :  the  flowers 
are  all  blossoming  white  in  the  garden,  but  one 
flower  alone  has  power  to  make  me  distracted 
with  love. 


Ul^     potiya.     Chin.     An  overseer  of  labour. 


60 


PUJA 


[    478    ] 


PUWAR 


£^ 


pma.  [Skr.  p4jd,]  Prayer,  adoration, — used 
of  the  rites  performed  before  the  old  Hindu 
divinities,  and  of  the  rites  still  performed 
before  spirits,  haunted  localities  {v,  ptmaka), 
etc.  The  word  is  also  used  of  prayers  uttered 
by  divinities  themselves  over  an  object  to 
effect  its  transformation,  as  in  the  story  of  the 
creation  of  Dermadewa  and  Dermadewi  from 
buds  of  the  nagasari  flower ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
Memuja :  to  utter  these  prayers,  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng.,  Sh.  Kub.     M.  bcrata  :  to  worship  idols. 


pijjut. 

q.  V. 


To  strangle ;   Kl.     A  variant  of  kujut, 


J=^y 


c?ry 


pijjok.  Coaxing,  wheedling,  flattery  ;  v.  bujok, 
of  which  it  is  a  variant.  Pujokkan :  to  coax, 
to  flatter ;  Sh.  Bid.,  46.  Metnujok :  id. ;  Ht. 
GuL  Bak.,  loi. 

Manis  sunggoh   tebu  sa-birang, 
Dari  akar  sampat    ka-pachok  ; 

Manis  sunggoh   mulut  orange 
Kena   tipu   di-dalam  pujok  : 

truly  sweet  is  the  sugar-cane  of  Province 
Wellesley,  sweet  from  its  root  to  its  highest 
point ;  sweet  indeed  can  the  mouth  of  man  be 
when  we  submit  to  being  deceived  by  flattering 
words. 


puji.     Praise,  laudation. 

Ptiji'pnjiyan :  praises ;  the  compHmentary 
phrases  at  the  commencement  of  a  Malay 
letter  (Ht.  Abd.,  124) ;  songs  of  praise.  Kitdb 
puji'pujiyan :  a  hymn  book ;  Ht.  Abd.,  450. 

Pujikan:  to  utter  praise  (to  God);  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  75. 

Memtiji :  to  praise ;  to  declare  praiseworthy ; 
to  flatter;  to  compliment.  Tiyada  iyamahu 
memtiji  Udisan-ku :  he  did  not  wish  to  praise 
my  handwriting ;  Ht.  Abd.,  39.  Memtiji  diri  : 
to  praise  oneself. 

Tirptiji  :  praised ;  complimented ;  well  spoken 
of.  Supaya  terpuji  nama-nya  kapada  Kompeni : 
that  his  name  might  be  in  good  odour  with  the 
Government ;  Ht.  Abd.,  330. 

puchat.  Pallor.  Maka  jikaUm  sehaya 
mencMriterakan  sakaliyan-nya  neschaya  ptichaU 
lah  muka  orang  yang  birbuwat  pirkara  yang 
dhnikiyan :  were  I  to  relate  everything  the  faces 
of  those  \yho  perpetrate  these  things  would 
be  pale  indeed  (with  anger  and  shame); 
Pel.  Abd.,  124.  P.  led:  bloodless  (of  pallid 
cheeks);  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Also  P.  lesu ;  Ht.  GuL 
Bak.,  7z^  78. 

P.  manai:  pallor  caused  by  inflammation  ;  the 
colour  of  inflamed  flesh. 

P.  perang :  pale  red ;  the  pallor  of  a  dark  skin 
in  disease;  Sh.  May.,  5. 


*,  i    puchang.     The  areca  palm,  Kl.  (quoting  Sh. 
O^      Ken.  Tab.). 


i>^    puchong.      I.    Biirong  puchong:     the    purple 
^*  heron,  ardea  manillensis ;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  6. 

n.  (Singapore.)  An  uncomplimentary  nick- 
name given  to  Chinese  who  have  been 
converted  to  Muhammadanism. 


i    pochak.     A  (Kedah)  variant  of  ponchak,  q.  V. 


by 


o-y 


iS^y 


jy 


puchok.  I.  A  young  shoot,  a  sprouting 
branch;  the  highest  point  of  a  (growing)  tree;  a 
numeral  coefficient,  v.  infra.  Puchok  di-chinta 
iilam  mendatang:  to  have  a  craving  for  young 
(bamboo)  shoots  just  as  the  fruit  arrives;  to  want 
something  and  get  more  than  you  hoped  for ; 
Prov.,  J.  S,  A.  S.,  n.,  148.  Saperti  puchokyang 
layu  di'Siram  hujan:  (reviving)  like  a  fading 
shoot  when  washed  by  the  rain;  Prov.,  Ht. 
Perb.  Jaya. 

P.  apt:  the  shooting  points  of  flame  in  a  fire. 
P.  rebong:  (i)  the  edible  young  shoots  of  the 
bamboo ;  (2)  a  pattern,  chevrons,  herring-boning. 
Matt  p.:  sexual  impotence  in  the  male. 

Tikar  p . :  di  xxidit  made  of  young  mengkttwang 
shoots  and  of  very  superior  quality. 

Ular  p, :  a  venomous  snake ;  lachesis  sp.  ? 

As  a  numeral  coefficient  the  word  puchok  is 
used  with  words  signifying  firearms  (Ht. 
Abd.,  106)  and  letters  (Ht.  Abd.,  102,  270; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  36,  75). 

II.  A  medicinal  drug  imported  from  China, 
the  root  of  a  plant  of  the  radish  type. 

pudat.  To  stuff  away  anything  carelessly 
into  a  drawer  or  bag ;  shoving  a  thing  out  of 
the  way;  full  (of  a  dirty-clothes'  basket,  etc.). 

pudar.  Dim-looking,  faded, — of  the  eyes. 
Used  to  describe  the  eyes  of  a  sick  or  dying 
man  when  the  brightness  has  left  them. 
Puchat  p,  :  pale  in  cheek  and  lustreless  in  eye. 

puding.  A  common  cultivated  plant  with 
variegated  leaves ;  the  garden  croton,  codiceum 
variegatum. 

P.  hutan :  iaberncemontana  malaccensis, 

A  kar  p,  rimba  :  ampelocissus  cinnamomea. 

podak,  or  (Kedah)    pudak.     Pandanp.:    the 

plant,  pandanus  inermis ;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  14 ; 
Sh.  Raj.  Haji. 

podi,  or  (Kedah)  pudi.  Tam.  The  dust  of 
gems ;  very  small  gems  used  in  large  numbers 
as  a  setting  or  to  give  a  glittering  appearance  to 
a  piece  of  jewellery;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.;  Sh.  Abd. 
Mk.,  27 ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  75.  Infan  p.:  diamond 
dust ;  small  diamonds  used  in  quantities. 
Paspa-podi :  small  gems  of  different  kinds  set 
together;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Rempahp. ;  a  mixture 
of  spices. 

puwar.  Pokok  puwar,  ox  pokok  puwar-puwar : 
a  plant,  amomum  cardamomum. 


PURA 


[    479    ] 


PUPUT 


J^ 


pura.  I.  [Skr.  pura^  A  city,  a  town,  e.  g., 
Indera-pura,  the  city  of  Indra;  Singa-pura, 
the  city  of  the  lion ;  Istana-pura-negara,  the 
Sanskrit  Hastinapura  ;  etc.  Jikalau  kita  diyam 
di'ptira  ini:  if  we  remain  in  this  city;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb. 

II.  Pura-pura  :  feigning,  assuming  a  decep- 
tive appearance,  pretence.  Pura-pura  menchari 
ayanif  ekor  mata-nya  di-anak  orang  :  he  pretends 
to  be  in  search  of  a  fowl,  but  the  corner  of  his 
eye  is  on  the  girls.  Memberi  tabek  pura-pura 
iya  tiyada  melihat :  when  a  salutation  is  given 
they  pretend  not  to  see  it.  Menangts 
pura-pura :  to  shed  crocodile*s  tears ;  sham 
mourning;  Ht.  Abd.,  291. 

III.  See  porak. 


-y 


d>y 


puns. 

frond. 


(Kedah.)     The    midrib  of  a  coco-nut 


poros.  The  culminating  point  of  a  cylinder  ; 
the  narrow  end  or  top  of  a  cylindrical  body  ; 
the  top  of  a  mast. 

porong.  Ikan  porong  :  a  marine  fish  (unidenti- 
fied). 

porak.  Porak  peranda  or  porak  parek :  in  con- 
fusion ;  in  a  hopelessly  mixed  up  state  ;  topsy 
turvy ;  helter-skelter.  Sometimes  pronounced 
pura  peranda, 

porok.  A  sort  of  quoit  made  out  of  coco-nut 
shell"  and  used  as  a  plaything.  Main  p. :  to 
play  at  a  native  game  resembling  quoits. 

puru.  A  skin  disease,  frambosia  indica? 
Bunga  p, :  the  blotches  or  pimples  caused  by 
this  disease.  Bagai  lalat  chart  puru  :  as  the  fly 
seeks  the  sore ;  where  the  carcase  is,  there  will 
the  eagles  be  gathered  together;  Prov.,  J.  S. 
A.  S.,  XL,  32.  Orang yang puru  gatal  tuboh-nya 
ncschaya  menggaru  juga  kerja-nya :  a  man 
whose  body  is  itching  with  puru  will  always 
be  engaged  in  scratching  it;  Ht.  Kal, 
Dam.,  297.  Berpuru:  to  suffer  from  puru; 
Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  10. 
Katak  />. :  a  toad. 

puri.  [Skr.  pttri,]  The  residential  portion 
of  a  palace ;  Ht.  Sh. ;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed. ;  Sh.  Panj. 
Sg. ;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  3. 

puwas.  Sated,  having  had  one's  fill ;  satisfac- 
tion ;  (by  extension)  thoroughly,  fully.  Tiyada 
puwas  hati  marika-itu :  they  were  not  satisfied ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  337.  Sudah  puwas  fuwan  melihat 
taman  itu  :  have  you  gazed  your  fill  upon  that 
garden.  Sa-telah  pnwas-lah  sudah  di-chanang- 
kan :  when  the  crier's  gong  had  been  every- 
where beaten;  Ht.  Abd.,  252.  Minum  ayer 
sa-puwas-puwas :  to  drink  one's  fill ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  180. 


Memuwaskan  hati : 
Abd.,  33. 


to   satisfy   oneself;   Ht. 


j^y 


cry 

by 


L?y 


c^y 


pusat.     The  navel,  the  centre. 

P.  belanak  :  the  centre  of  a  series  of  concentric 
ellipses,  e.g.,  the  centre  of  a  whorl  (in  finger 
impressions)  or  the  centre  of  the  peculiar  oval 
markings  on  a  keris, 

P,  bulat :  the  centre  of  a  circle. 

P.  tasek  :  the  centre  of  the  ocean  where  the 
tree  pauh  janggi  is  believed  to  grow;  Ht.  Raj. 
Don.,  31. 

Tali  p, :  the  umbilical  cord.  Mengerat  p. :  to 
sever  the  umbilical  cord ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  77. 
Potong  p. :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  386. 

pusar.  A  spiral  or  horizontal  circular  motion ; 
cf.  putar  and  pusing. 

Pusaran  ayer :  a  whirlpool  or  eddy. 

Pusaran  angin :  a  whirlwind. 

P.  kepala  :  the  centre  of  the  parietal  bone. 

pusang.  Pusang  hati :  confusion  of  thought ; 
inabiHty  to  think  out  anything. 

pusing.  Revolution,  rotation,  motion  in  a 
circle  ;  cf.  putar,  pusang,  and  pusar,  P.  kepala  : 
vertigo,  giddiness.  Berpusing-pusing :  in  revo- 
lution ;  revolving.  Pusingkan :  to  cause  to 
revolve. 

In  the  towns  of  the  Straits  Settlements  the 
word  pusing  is  often  used  metaphorically  to 
signify  **  deception  "  or  '*  fraud." 

pusu.  I.  BerpusU'pusu :  surging  to  and  fro, 
of  a  crowd  of  people. 

II.     A  variant  oi pongsn,  q.  v. 

pusi.  Btdu  pusi :  a  kind  of  cotton  wool  of  a 
yellowish  colour,  used  by  natives  for  dressing 
wounds. 

pixngut.  Picking  up  from  the  ground;  to 
gather,  to  collect.  Meinungut:  id.  Maka 
ketika  duriyan  gugor  masing-masing  pBrgi 
memungut  sehaja :  when  the  durian  fruit  fell 
every  one  did  nothing  but  pick  them  up  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  414.  Kitdb-kitdb  di-pungut-nya  daripada 
sa-gcnap  ncgeri :  he  collected  books  from  every 
country;  Ht.  Abd.,  288.  Apa-bila  di-lihat 
di-suroh-nya  pungut :  when  he  saw  it  he  ordered 
them  to  pick  it  up ;  Ht.  Abd.,  204. 

piingah.  Arrogance,  pride ;  to  be  puffed  up 
with  self-conceit.  Istimewa  pula  Hang  Jibat 
laku-nya  saperti  anak  raja-raja  dengan  pungah- 
nya  iya  akan  isi  istana  ini :  Hang  Jebat  above 
all  behaves  as  if  he  was  a  prince  from  his 
arrogant  manner  towards  the  dwellers  in  this 
palace;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  43.  Also  Ht.  Koris ; 
Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  6. 
Terong  p, :  stramonium. 

puput.  I.  To  blow;  to  sway  anything  (of  the 
wmd).  Di-puput  bayu :  to  be  swayed  backwards 
and  forwards  by  the  wind.  Di-puput  tufdn  : 
blown  away  by  a  tempest ;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  30. 
Bayu  mana  gerangan  tuwan  yang  datang 
berpuput  ini :  prithee.  Sir,  what  puff  of  wind  has 
blown  you  hither;  Marsd. 
11.     A  salt-water  fish  (unidentified). 


PUPOR 


[    480    ] 


PUKUL 


^y 


crV 


3b^ 


yy 


A^y 


a^ 


o5j3 


pupor.  I.  A  face  powder  made  of  rice-meal 
and  fragrant  herbs ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  29 ;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg.     Puporan  and  tepong  pupor :  id. 

Bepupor:  to  apply  this  powder  to  the  face. 
A  da  yang  Ungah  berpupor  tidor  dengan  pupor- 
nya:  some,  while  putting  powder  on  their  faces, 
fell  asleep  with  the  powder  by  them  ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng. 

II.  The  peculiar  rotatory  or  rolling  move- 
ment by  which  a  fowl  scoops  out  a  sort  of 
nest  for  itself  in  the  dust  or  sand.  Puporan 
ayam :  the  sitting-place  so  made. 

pupus.  Blighted,  of  plants ;  left  desolate,  of 
human  beings.  The  word  is  used  of  plants 
which  have  perished  to  outward  appearance, 
but  the  roots  of  which  may  have  power  to 
cause  new  plants  to  spring  up  in  the  place  of 
the  old.  In  the  case  of  men,  it  applies  to 
persons  who  have  lost  everything  and  seem 
irredeemably  ruined,  but  who  may  nevertheless 
build  up  new  fortunes  for  themselves. 

pupok.      The    application    of    plasters    and 

poultices  to  the  body,  and  especially  to  the 
head;  the  poultices  so  applied,  Jikalau 
kakanda  sakit  kepala  mari4ah  beta  buboh  pupok  : 
if  my  love  has  a  headache,  come,  let  me 
poultice  it  for  him  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

pupu.  A  grade  or  degree  of  relationship; 
a  generation.  Sa-pupu  :  belonging  to  the  same 
grade  of  relationship,  both  being  one 
generation  off  the  original  family.  Saudara 
sa-pupu  :  first  cousins.  Saudara  duwa  pupu  : 
second  cousins  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

pupoh.  To  fly  at  each  other  (of  fighting 
cocks) ;  to  keep  up  a  contest  vigorously  by 
attack  as  well  as  defence.  The  word  is  used 
of  cocks  fighting  without  artificial  spurs  and 
of  men  fighting  with  no  weapons  except  those 
with  which  nature  has  provided  them.  Ayam 
pupoh,  sabong  ta'-bertaji  :  sham  game-cocks  that 
fight  without  spurs, — a  proverb  derisive  of 
unarmed  men ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  46. 

Berpupoh  ayam :  to  set  cocks  to  fight  (with- 
out spurs),  Ht.  Koris.  Berpupoh  bandong  : 
id. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.,  Ht.  Koris. 

puwak.     An  assembly,  a  troop,  a  gathering. 

Maka  segala  puwak  masing-masing  naik  ka-atas 
bahtera-nya  :  the  companies  embarked  each  on 
its  own  ship ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  81. 

Berpuwak  :  to  meet  in  a  body,  to  be  gathered 
in  a  troop  (of  animals,  Ht.  Best.). 

The  word  is  also  used  to  express  **  family  " 
in  the  widest  sense,  embracing  all  known 
relatives. 

pukat.  A  seine-net,  or  drift-net ;  Sh.  A.  R. 
S.  J..  3- 

P.  hanyut :  a  drift-net  supported  by  floats. 
P.  lengkong :  a  seine-net.  P.  talang,  p.  kedera, 
and  p.  siyakap  :  seine-  or  drift-nets  named  after 
the  kinds  of  fish  which  they  are  specially 
adapted  to  catch. 

Pukat  di-darat :  fishing  ashore ;  a  proverbial 
expression   signifying   to  seek    enemies    and 


cA? 


y 


^y 


c^y 


y? 


quarrels.  P.  berahi :  the  nets  of  love;  Ht. 
Hamz.,  66.  Sampan  p. :  a  fishing  boat. 
Laksana  sampan  p* :  like  a  fishing-boat  (which 
is  unable  to  put  out  far  to  sea) ;  a  proverbial 
simile  for  a  man  of  limited  resources. 

Memukat:  to  fish  with  the  pukat;  Ht. 
Bakht.,  78;  Sej.  MaL,  120. 

pukas.  An  exclamation  of  fear  or  surprise 
indulged  in  by  women  afflicted  with  latah.  It 
would  appear  to  suggest  nakedness  and  to  be 
connected  possibly  with  pukang  and  puki, 
Berpukas,  and  berpukas-pukasan :  in  a  state  of 
nudity.  Berpukas  ka-laut :  (to  plunge)  naked 
into  the  sea;  Ht,  Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  5. 
Berpukas-pukasan  tiyada  sedarkan  kain  :  nude 
and  regardless  of  clothing  :  Ht,  Ind.  Meng. 
Mandi  berpukas-pukasan :  to  bathe  in  a  state  of 
nudity;  Ht.  Koris. 

pukang.  The  angle  formed  by  the  legs,  the 
point  where  the  legs  meet,  the  perineum. 
Kain  terlengser  terbuka  pukang :  the  sarong 
slipped  down,  causing  exposure ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 
Selap.  -'  the  perineum;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Lintang  p, :  at  an  angle,  forming  an  angle, — of 
straight  bodies  falling  across  each  other,  or  of 
men  falling  with  their  legs  wide  apart;  Ht. 
Abd.,  325,  344.     Pokok  p. :  id. 

Pukang  is  also  used  of  a  peculiar  contrivance 
used  as  a  hook  for  catching  crocodiles.  It  is, 
however,  not  properly  a  hook,  but  a  stick 
sharpened  at  both  ends  and  hidden  by  the  bait 
(usually  a  live  animal)  attached  to  it.  The 
jaws  of  the  crocodile  when  closing  on  the  bait 
get  caught  on  this  stick  to  which  a  line  (tali 
alir)  is  attached ;  v.  alir, 

pokok.     A  tree,  a  bush,  a  plant ;  the   nucleus 

of  a  storm  of  wind  or  rain ;  the  capital  for 
working  any  industry  or  undertaking. 
P.  kelapa  :  a  coco-nut  tree  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  ig6. 

P.  angin  :  a  gathering  cloud  presaging  wind ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  221. 

P.  hujan :  a  cloud  presaging  rain. 

P.  kayu  :  a  tree. 

P.  ribut :  a  storm  cloud. 

Pokok-nya  :  ''  its  genesis  was  as  follows  "  ; — 
an  expression  used  when  describing  the  source 
or  origin  of  any  affair. 

pukal.  A  lump  or  clod  of  anything.  Mas 
sa-pukal :  a  gold  nugget.  Keris  sa-pukal : 
V.  keris, 

pukul.  Beating;  striking;  knocking;  the 
striking  of  a  clock ;  fabrication  by  heavy  blows 
(e,  g,,  the  work  of  a  smith).  P.  chanang :  the 
beating  of  a  gong ;  Ht.  Abd.,  226.  P.  tambur  : 
the  beating  of  a  drum ;  Ht.  Abd.,  193.  P.  best : 
the  shoeing  of  a  horse.  P.  kaki  kuda :  id. ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  404.  P.  chap :  printing.  Pukul  enam 
petang:  six  o'clock  in  the  evening  ;Ht.  Abd.,  19. 
Kena  p, :  to  be  struck,  to  be  beaten ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  22.  Tiyada-lah  pernah  di-pukul-nya  atau 
di-marah-nya :  he  was  never  beaten  or  angrily 
spoken  to. 


PUKAU 


[    481    ] 


POLONG 


yj 


'y 


Jy 
Jy 


Pukulkan  :  to  strike ;  to  beat.  Memuhil :  to 
strike  a  blow ;  to  give  a  blow.  Memuhil  huta 
ttdi :  to  strike  out  wildly.  Pukulkan  kapada 
tembaga :  to  beat  upon  brass ;  to  work  a 
hammered  design  on  a  brass  surface. 


pukau,  A  narcotic  used  by  thieves  to  drug 
their  victims  to  sleep.  Nyedar  laksana  terkena 
pukau :  unconscious  as  though  under  the 
influence  of  this  thieves'  narcotic ;  Sh.  Lail. 
Mejn.,  6. 

Terlangsong  sejok   badan-nya  ketar, 
Gigi   berantok   atas    bawah ; 

Kena  pukau   tiyada  sedar, 
Habis   lennyap   herta  rumah : 

under  the  influence  of  this  drug  you  are 
conscious  of  nothing,  while  the  goods  in  your 
house  disappear  one  and  all. 

pokah.  To  become  bent ;  to  give  way ;  (Kedah) 
to  be  broken.  Ikan  biyar  dapat  serampang 
jangan  pokah :  let  the  fish  be  caught  without 
bending  the  spear-shaft ;  do  not  over-do  things ; 
Prov.,  cf.  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  90. 

puki.  (Coarse.)  The  pudendum  muliebre, 
especially  as  a  term  of  abuse,  e.  g.,  puki  mak. 
P.  anjing :  a  plant,  cynometra  cauliflora. 

pugar.  Restoration,  renewal,  complete  repair. 
Sa-bilah  pedang  yang  sudah  terpugar :  a  sword 
which  had  been  restored ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

pula.  Also,  likewise,  too,  again,  Demikiyan 
pula  :  and  so  again ;  and  so  once  more.  Lagi 
pula :  moreover.  Siyapa  pula :  who  then. 
Mengapa  pula  :  why  then. 


puwal. 

Pijn. 


To  whirl  about,  to  eddy ;  KL,  v.  d.  W, 


pulut.  Adhesiveness,  stickiness, — a  term 
applied  to  a  number  of  glutinous  plants  and 
especially  to  soft  rice  and  to  cakes  made  of 
that  soft  rice.  Terpulut :  adhering  to,  attached 
to;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Sebab pulut  santan  binasa : 
"  because  of  the  soft  rice  the  coco-nut  milk 
was  spoilt,"  a  rhyming  equivalent  for  the 
saying :  sebab  mulut  badan  binasa :  because 
of  the  mouth  the  body  is  ruined ;  foolish  words 
lead  to  destruction.  Bukan  pulut  hang  nak 
polok  :  (Kedah)  '*  I  am  not  soft  rice  that  you 
can  swallow  at  a  gulp  ";  I  am  willing  to  fight 
you. 

Tuwan  k^tam  padi  pulut, 

Sehaya   ketam  padi  jawi ; 
Tuwan   kata  sidap  mulut, 

Sehaya   dengar  sakit  hati : 


you  reap  soft  rice  and  I  reap  the  hard,  you  can 
speak    with    kindness,  but    I  must  listen 
wrath ;  Prov. 


m 


The  following  plants  are  known  by  the  name 
pulut : 

Pulut-pulut  bukit :  mallotus  griffithianus, 

Pulut'pulut  hutan  :  mallotus  porterianus. 

Pulut-pulut  kechil :  urena  lobaia, 

Pulut-pulut  pokok  :  chrysophyllum  roxburghii, 

Rumput  pulut :  fimbristylis  asperrima. 

The  following  are  some  of  the  best  known 
preparations  of  pulut  rice : 

P.  inti :  pulut  cooked  in  a  syrup  of  coco-nut 
milk,  sugar  and  egg, 

P.  kachau :  baked  ptdut,  cooked  in  coco-nut 
milk  and  sugar. 

P.  lemah :  crashed  rice  in  coco-nut  milk  as 
syrup. 

P,  panggang;  crushed  rice  and  coco-nut 
roasted  in  a  wrapper  of  plantain-leaf. 

P.  serikaya:  crushed  rice  and  coco-nut 
with  a  syrup  of  cinnamon  and  other  spices 
and  egg. 

P.  udang :  rice  and  coco-nut,  mixed  with 
prawns,  red-pepper  and  saffron,  and  wrapped 
in  plantain-leaf. 

The  form  pepidut  occurs  (Kedah)  for  pulut- 
pulut. 

j^j^    pulor.     (Kedah.)     The  pith  of  vegetables ;  also 
hempulor  and  mempulor. 

lyy^^    pulas.     I.     Twisting,  wringing,  wringing  out. 

^^^  Yang  telinga  lembut  ya-itu-lah  orang  hendak 
pulas :  it  is  the  soft  ear  that  people  will  always 
be  twisting ;  a  pigeon  invites  plucking  ;  a  fool 
invites  the  plunderer ;  Prov. 

P.  leher  :  to  wring  the  neck. 

P.  hantu  :  a  plant,  petunga  vemdosa. 

Pulaskan  :  to  twist.  Di4angkap-nya gading-nya 
di-pulaskan-nya  :  seizing  its  tusk  and  twisting 
it  round ;  Ht,  Sh.  Kub.  Tiyada  btdeh  tandoky 
telinga  di-ptdaskan:  if  he  cannot  twist  the  horn, 
he  twists  the  ear ;  he  is  determined  to  do  it  by 
hook  or  by  crook;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  96. 
Tandok  tiyada  terpulas  telinga  di-pulas :  id. 

Memtdas  :  to  twist, — used  of  griping  pains  in 
the  stomach.     Sakit  memulas  :  the  gripes. 

Pemtdas :  a  twister ;  e,  g.y  in  the  expression 
pemidas  sekerup  :  a  screw  driver. 

By  metaphor,  pulas  signifies  to  swindle,  to 
cheat. 

II.  Pulasan  :  a  well  known  fruit;  a  variety 
of  the  rambtdan, 

jjA-Li  polls.  Eng,  A  police  court :  Ht.  Abd.,  iii,  283. 
Tuwan  p, :  a  magistrate.  Rumah p, :  a  police 
court  building;  Ht.  Abd.,  226. 

iJy    polong.     An  evil  spirit ;   Ht.  Abd.,  153,  154. 

Saperti  polong  kena  sembor :  like  an  evil  spirit 
struck  by  (magic)  water;  rushing  off  in 
consternation ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  64. 

Daun  p, :  a  parasite  (unidentified)  which 
destroys  the  tree  on  which  it  grows.  Also 
daun  pelesit. 

Kachang  p, :  a  bean  {canavalia  insiformis  ?), 


PULANG 


[    482    ] 


PUNAI 


f^y 


Jy 


oiy 


^y 


pulang.  Return  to  the  original  starting-post; 
restoration  to  the  first  owner.  Tiyada  di-lepas 
pulang :  he  was  not  allowed  to  go  home  (from 
school):  Ht  Abd.,  29.  PHyakit-ku  itu-pun 
pulang'lah  saperti  sadiya  kala :  my  disease  came 
back  as  severely  as  before ;  I  had  a  relapse. 
Berjalan  pidang:  to  return ;  to  go  back. 

Pulangkan  and  memulangkan :  to  return  (tran- 
sitive) ;  to  restore ;  to  give  back.  Di-pulanghan- 
lah  uleh  bapa-ku  akan  segala  perkakas-nya  dan 
peti'peti  ttdis-nya  kapada-ku :  my  father  gave 
me  back  his  appliances  and  writing-desks ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  46. 

polak.  Polak-palek  :  (  Kedah )  equivocation, 
inconsistency;  =  bolak-balek, 

polok.     Swallowing  a  huge  mouthful,   taking 

a  big  bite  at  anything,  carrying  off  the  lion^s 
share,  greedy  behaviour.  Bukan  ptdut  hang 
nak  polok :  (Kedah)  I  am  not  soft  rice  which 
you  can  swallow  at  a  gulp ;  I  am  not  so  easily 
triumphed  over  as  to  give  in  to  you. 

Makanan  sadikit   banyak   di-polok, 
Hudoh   btidi  perangai-nya   btirok  : 

there  is  little  food,  but  he  insists  on  taking 
much ;  his  character  is  ugly  and  his  manners 
are  coarse. 

pulak.  Again,  also,  likewise ;  a  variant  ofpula, 
q.v.' 

pillik.  Equally  strong,  evenly  matched ;  KL, 
Pijn!,  v.  d.  W. 

polan*  [Arab  j^  ]  Si-polan  :  so-and-so ;  = 
si-anu*  Si-polan  itn  tiyada  menyafmt :  so-and- 
so  does  not  answer ;  Sh.  May.,  3. 

pulan.  Well  cooked  (of  rice);  crisp  but 
neither  too  crisp  nor  soft. 

Masak   nasi  pulan-pulan 
Kasi   tnakau  raja   kita : 
cook  the  rice  crisp  and  nice,  give  it  to  our  king 
to  eat;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

pulun.  Gathering  up  in  folds, — used  especially 
of  gathering  up  the  sarong  so  that  all  the  folds 
fall  together  in  a  bunch  in  front.  Berptdun' 
pultm :  in  folds. 

pulau.  I.  An  isolated  patch  of  anything,  an 
island.  P.  percha :  Sumatra,  P.  Singapura  : 
the  island  of  Singapore.  P.  hutan :  an  isolated 
patch  of  jungle.  Hutan  b^rpulau-pulatt :  jungle 
in  isolated  patches. 

Buntiit  pulau  :  the  down-stream  end  of  a 
riverine  island. 

Very  large  islands  such  as  Java  are  called,  as  a 
rule,  tanah  not  pulau. 

IL     Hind.    Nasi  pulau:    a    "pillau,''    rice 
cooked  in  broth  and  mixed  with  raisins,  meat, 
-etc. 


4y 


t_-^ 


oy 


oy 


jy 


puleh.  Return,  revival,  renewal,  reaction. 
Badan-nya  puleh:  his  body  returned  to  its 
original  condition ;  he  got  well  again ;  Sh.  Lail. 
Mejn.,  13.  Pulang  p. :  to  be  restored  to  its 
original  condition;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  57. 
Simpul  p' :  di  fastening  such  as  that  of  a  shoe- 
lace which  becomes  undone  without  difficulty ; 
Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  4. 

Pidehkan :  to  bring  back,  to  restore ;  Ht.  Koris, 
Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.  Memulehkan  :  id.  Mengamok 
memtdehkan  rayat-nya  undor  itu.:  he  charged 
furiously,  leading  back  his  fleeing  soldiers  to 
the  fight ;  Ht,  Ind.  Meng. 

pixlai.  A  large  tree,  ahtonia  scholaris ;  Ht. 
Raj.  Don.,  51, 

P.  pipit ;  elceooarpus  stipularis. 


^^    poniang. 


The  name  of  a  wood  (unidentified); 


J,  s.  A.  s.,  vni.,  131. 

piin.  An  inseparable  particle  suffixed  to 
Malay  words  which  it  tends  to  emphasize. 
ItU'pun:  that  also.  Sa-kali-pun :  yet.  Ada- 
pun ;  furthermore  there  are. 

puwan.  I.  A  royal  betel-box ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  92. 

n.  Enche'  puwan  :  a  title  given  to  the  wife 
of  a  high  dignitary,  and  even  (in  the  Hikayat 
Koris)  to  the  queen  herself  (enche'  puwan 
permaisuri  mahkota  raja),     Cf.  ampuwan. 

To'  puwan:  the  principal  wife  of  a  Malay 
dignitary. 

punat.     The  core  of  a  boil. 

Pokok   settd   di'tepi   tebing, 
Buwah  jatoh  di-ayer   tenang ; 

Bisid  menanah   di-dalam   daging 
Kaluwav  punat   berasa  senang : 

the  boil  is  gathering  matter  in  your  flesh,  but 
when  the  core  is  extracted  you  will  feel  all 
right  again. 

Budak  p. :  a  worthless  boy, — a  term  of  abuse. 

ponok.     A   fleshy  hump  or  protuberance  on 

the  back  of  the  neck  or  on  the  shoulders  ;  the 
hump  on  an  Indian  ox. 


Jj5    ponu.     Tam.     A  bridegroom. 

AjA  punah.  Habis-lah  punah  :  utterly  destroyed  or 
exhausted, — an  intensitive  of  habis ;  Sh. 
Lamp.,  7,  25 ;  Sh.  May.,  19 ;  Sh.  Jur. 
Bud.,  26. 

Punahkan :  to   exhaust,   to   finish,  to  spend 
(money) ;  Sh.  UL,  23. 

A^    poni.     Tam.    A  tin  spoon  or  ladle. 

J^  punai.  Burong  punai :  the  green  pigeon ; 
osmotreron  vernans* 


PUWAH 


[    483    3 


PIYAMA 


cy 


oy 


Mata  p,  :  canework  with  small  orifices, — 
used  especially  of  the  canework  on  an  Austrian 
bentwood  chair. 

P.  gading  :  the  bird  ptilopm  jambu. 

P.  rimba :  the  cuckoo-dove,  macropygia 
mficeps, 

P,  sty  til :  the  bird  osmotreron  olax* 

P.  tanah  :  the  bronzewing  chalcophaps  indica, 

puwah.  Berpuwah :  (Malacca)  to  perform 
certain  old  world  ceremonies  which  are 
believed  to  have  the  effect  of  driving  away  evil 
spirits  from  a  district  and  so  bringing  good 
crops. 

puwih.  Reput-ptiwih :  crumbling  to  pieces, 
falling  to  bits ;  v.  reput.     Also  reput  pehuwi.       I 


^J^    pohok.     Chin.     Peppermint  used  medicinally. 

^^  pohtm.  I.  A  tree ;  the  stem  of  a  tree ;  the 
origin  or  beginning  of  anything.  P.  kelapa  : 
a  coco-nut  tree.  P.  nyior :  id.  P.  pandan  : 
a  pandanus  tree.  P.  kaytt. :  a  tree  generally  ; 
Sej.  MaL,  116.  P.  telinga  :  the  junction  of 
the  ear  with  the  rest  of  the  head. 

II.  Begging,  requesting,  asking  for  any- 
thing ;  (by  special  use)  asking  leave  to  depart, 
saying  goodbye.  Pohunkan :  to  Rsk  or  Sipply  for 
anything.  Memohtmkan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  448. 
Jikalau  korang  paham-mu  pohmkan-lah 
kapada  Ttihan :  if  your  knowledge  is  insuffi- 
cient pray  to  God  (for  more) ;  Ht.  Abd.,  5. 
Memohtmkan  amptm  :  to  beg  pardon. 

Bermokun :  to  ask  for  leave  to  depart ;  to 
take  one's  departure.  Bermohtm-lah  hendak 
ka-mmah-nya :  he  took  his  leave  intending  to 
go  home  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  123.    Cf.  molmn. 


o. 


^y 


puhi.  Reptit  piihi :  crumbling  at  a  touch  ; 
V.  reput.     Also  pnwih,  and  pehuwi, 

poyang.  A  Sumatran  word  sometimes  used 
with  the  meaning  "  ancestor  "  (=  moyang)  and 
sometimes  with  the  meaning  ** magician'' 
(  =zpawang), 

puyu.  Ptiyti'puyti :  a  small  freshwater  fish  ; 
Pel.  Abd.,  49  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  97.  Also  (Kedah) 
pepuytL 

puyoh.  Burong  ptiyoh :  the  bustard-quail, 
itirnix  puanax,  Melagakan  puyoh  :  to  set  quails 
to  fight ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Bintang  puyoh  bMaga  :  *'  the  fighting  quails,'' 
— the  name  of  a  pair  of  stars  (unidentified), 
Ikut  puyoh  :  the  Malay  '*  hide  and  seek." 


Q^    punya.     A  variant  of  Imptmya,  q.  v. 
M    paM.     The  thigh ;  v.    <tU 
^    j>\ii    PShadUL     (Kedah.)    To  care  about ;  =  J^ 


'in? 


JWi 


,\v 


J*^ 


oy^ 


yU^ 


3 
j3\J 


pShala.  [Skr.  phdla.]  Profit,  earnings, 
advantage,  gain.  P.  akhirat :  the  gain  of 
eternal  life;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  29. 

p6hana.  [Arab.  -U  ?]  (Kedah.)  Perishing, 
coming  to  an  end,  being  exhausted. 

Apa  sebab   dengan   kerana 

Barang  ku-simpan  hcibis  pehana: 

what  is  the  cause  and  what  the  reason  that 
all  that  I  store  up  only  perishes. 


pShil.     To   pinch,    to   nip 
finger  and  the  thumb-nail. 


between   the  fore- 


pahlawan.  [Pers.  pahlawdn,]  A  leader  in 
war,  a  champion.  Johan  p.:  id.  Terlalu 
pahlawan  nipa-nya  :  he  looked  most  heroic; 
Ht,  Koris. 


I     pai.     Belum  pat . 
helum  sampaL 


not  yet;    a  contraction   of 


pi.  Main  pi :  to  gamble  on  credit,  the  results 
being  marked  down.  Kena  pi  dtiwa  nnggit : 
to  have  lost  two  dollars  in  counters. 

piyatu.  Desolate,  of  a  man  or  woman ;  left 
without  relatives.  Anak  p,  :  an  orphan. 
pagang  p, :  a  stranger,  having  no  relatives 
in  the  town  he  resides  in.  Kepiyatuwan4ah 
hamba  tiyada  bersaudara :  I  am  left  desolate 
without  brothers  (or  other  near  relatives) ; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  154.  Keduwa  kita  sama  piyatu : 
we  are  both  alike  orphaned  ;  Ht.  Sg,  Samb. 

piyara.  To  nurture,  to  bring  up ;  a  variant 
of  pelihara,  q.  v. 

piyarit.  A  harpoon  with  a  double  barb ; 
KL,  Pijn,  V.  d,  W. 

piyagi.  (Kedah.)  To  give  a  blow  which  is 
designedly  weak  ;  to  strike,  when  the  strength 
of  the  blow  is  measured  so  as  not  to  do  more 
than  a  certain  amount  of  damage. 

piyala.  [Pers.  piyalah.]  A  small  beaker, 
a  cup  or  goblet.  Sigera  di-sambut  uleh  Putera 
J  ay  a  Pati  akan  piyala  itu  lalu  di-minum-nya : 
the  Prince  J  ay  a  Pati  promptly  picked  up  the 
goblet  and  drank  it  off;  Ht.  P.  J.  P.  See  also 
Ht.  Hamz.,  9. 

piyalang.  To  give  an  order  for  purchase 
without  actual  payment ;  to  buy  on  credit  in 
the  ordinary  course  of  business. 

piyaling.  A  small  bird  (unidentified);  it  is 
also  known  as  serindit  gajaL 

piyama.  (Kedah.)  The  wet  season;  the 
rains  during  which  padi-planting  takes  place, 
Awal  p.:  the  first  rains  of  the  wet  season. 
Sayup  p,:  the  close  of  the  wet  season. 


PETA 


[    484    ] 


PICHU 


peta.  Clear,  certain ;  =  nyata,  Khabar  yang 
p, :  certain  news,  definite  news. 

pita.  [Port,  fita,]  Tape,  ribbon,  P.  khtimba : 
red  tape.  P.  manikam :  a  ribbon  set  with 
pearls ;  Sh.  Bid.,  86. 

piyat.  I.  Twisted,  oblique,  out  of  line. 
Memiyat :  to  wrench,  to  give  a  twist  or  curve. 

II.     A  remote  descendant;  the  great  grand- 
son of  a  grandson  ;  v.  piyut. 

piyut.  A  remote  descendant ;  the  grandson 
of  a  grandson.  It  is  possible  that  the 
distinction  sometimes  drawn  between  piytit 
and  piyat  is  simply  due  to  piyut -piyat  being 
originally  a  frequentative  of  piyut  and  not  to 
their  being  etymologically  distinct  words. 


J*^  petar  or  pitar.  To  train  a  gun  on  to  any- 
thing, to  take  a  true  aim.  Pandai  pemetar : 
a  certain  shot ;  a  man  or  boy  who  never 
misses  what  he  shoots  at. 

>u5  pStor.  [Port,  feiton]  A  "  factor  "  ;  a  man 
in  charge  of  a  factory  in  the  old  trading-factory 
days  ;  a  magisterial  officer  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  34, 

{j*^  petes.  Fluent,  clear,  ready, — of  speech.  Mulut- 
nya  p,  :  of  ready  speech  ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  30. 
Terlalu  sangat  petes  mtihit-nya  berkata-kata  : 
id. ;  Ht.  Sh. 

l/*^  pitis.  A  very  small  denomination  of  coin 
something  like  the  Chinese  cash.  The  coins 
were  sometimes  made  of  sheet  lead  or  of  tin  and 
varied  in  value ;  600  at  Achin  (in  Marsden's 
time)  were  equivalent  to  one  dollar,  while 
Abdullah  gives  3,840  tin  pitis  to  the  dollar ; 
Pel.  Abd.,  37,  26.  Pitis  of  gold  and  silver  are 
also  mentioned  ;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed. 

tii3    petak.     A  square  compartment,  a  locker,  the 

hold   in   a   ship,    a   division    of  a   padi-fieldy 
a  room. 

petek.  Ikan  petek-petek  :  an  edible  marine 
fish  (unidentified).  Layang-layang petek-petek  : 
a  kite  so  called  from  its  imaginary  resem- 
blance to  this  fish  ;  it  somewhat  resembles 
our  European  kites. 


J^ 


*J    pitam.     A  rush  of  blood  to  the  head  causing 
1^      dizziness. 

Pening  kelam  ptising   kepala, 
Angin  pitam  naik  ka-atas : 

when  your  head  whirls  and  your  eyes  darken 
with  dizziness,  a  rush  of  blood  is  rising  (to 
your  head). 

aiJ    pitau.     Burong  pitau:  a   bird   (unidentified). 
Also  pintail. 

ax3    pittl.     Jav,    Seven.    Bulan  kepitu  :  the  seventh 
^^"       month  ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 


jfe 


j^ 


^^  pitah.  Eloquent,  soft-spoken,  gracious.  P. 
majlis:  id.;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  8. 
P.  kemalu-maluwan :  modest  in  speech ; 
gracious  but  modest ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  5. 


pijat.  A  biting  louse,  a  bug,  a  flea.  Also pij at- 
pijat,  Sebab  pijat  mati  tuma  :  the  harmless 
louse  perishes  because  of  the  stinging  one; 
avoid  bad  company  if  you  wish  to  avoid  being 
punished  for  what  your  friends  do ;  Prov.,  see 
s.  V.  tuma. 

Pijat   berseru   di-tengah    medan, 

Memegang    tombak   meminta   law  an; 

Terkejut-lah   singa   di-dalam   hutan, 
Gerda    lari   ka-kaki   aw  an  : 

the  flea  was  shouting  on  the  battlefield  grasp- 
ing his  lance  and  asking  for  a  foe ;  so  the  lions 
were  startled  in  the  woods  and  the  eagles  fled 
to  the  foot  of  the  clouds ; — a  proverbial  rhyme 
ridiculing  absurd  pretensions. 

pijar.  I.  A  resinous  substance  (sandarac  ?) 
used  by  gold-  and  copper-smiths  for  their  work. 

II.  Extreme  heat,  the  glow  of  extreme  heat 
or  of  fever. 

pijak.      Stepping  upon,     setting   foot  upon ; 
treading  under  foot. 
Memijak  :  to  tread  upon ;  Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  6. 
Pemijak  kaki  :  the  sole  of  the  foot. 

pichit.  Pinching,  pressing  between  finger  and 
thumb.  The  pressure  referred  to  does  not 
imply  pain,  but  only  compression  or  contraction. 

Pichiikan :  to  compress,  to  squeeze,  to  con- 
tract. Di~pichitkan  baginda  jari  permaisuri  : 
the  king  squeezed  his  queen's  finger ;  Ht. 
Koris.  Pichitkan  razki :  to  limit  a  man's  food, 
to  shorten  supplies. 

Memichit :  to  compress,  to  squeeze,  to  pinch ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  Ht.  Koris;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  88 ; 

=  pichitkan. 

Keris  pichit :  a  keris  said  to  have  been  made 
by  an  artificer  who  had  the  power  of  compres- 
sing steel  between  his  fingers.  One  of  these 
weapons  is  said  to  be  in  the  possession  of  the 
Sultan  of  Perak.  Cf.  jikalau  besi  pun 
di'pichiUnya  mhtjadi  lilin  :  if  he  pressed  iron 
between  his  fingers  it  became  as  wax ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Mard. 

pechak.  Crushed  flat  or  sunken  in,  of  roundish 
objects ;  flattened  in  one  spot  as  a  rotten  fruit. 

pichek.  Narrow,  confined,  limited,  com- 
pressed. Cf.  pichit.  Bumi  ini  pichek-lah  pada 
kami :  the  world  is  too  narrow  for  us ;  Ht.  Md. 
Hanaf.,  13. 

pechun.  Chin.  The  dragon-boat  festival  of 
the  Chinese. 


.i^ 


pichu.     The  trigger  of  a  gun. 


PEDIR 


[    485    ] 


PESAH 


pedir.     The  name  of  a  Sumatran  district  (on 
the  Achinese  coast). 


pedor.     Lameness,  the  shin-bone  being  bent 
into  a  curve. 


J 
U^^    piris.     (Kedah.)     To  slice  up;  cf.  hiris. 


peras.     Perang perns:     very  pale,  very   wan; 
— an  intensitive  o(  perang,  q.v. 


t^ 

<-^ 

^ 


©^;3 


IL^wmiaJ^ 


peraixg.  Pallor  (in  a  dark-complexioned  man); 
pale,  wan,  sallow  ;  light  brown  or  light  red  of 
objects  which  are  usually  dark  brown  or  dark 
red.  Rambiit  p. :  light  brown  hair.  Mata  p. : 
light  brown  eyes. 
P.  perns :  very  sallow,  very  pale,  very  wan ; 
Ht.  Kal,  Dam.,  182.  Puchat  p. :  id,,  Sh. 
May.,  5. 

piring.  Plate ;  saucer.  Sa-huwah  p, :  a  plate  ; 
Ht.  Hamz.,  51. 

perap.     To  quicken  the  stroke  when  rowing. 

perak.     Silver.      Mas   dan  perak :    gold    and 

silver.     Dtiwa  rupiyah  perak  :  two  rupees  in 
silver;  Ht.  Abd.,  215. 

Perak  is  also  the  name  of  an  important  river 
and  State  in  the  Malay  Peninsula. 

pirek.  To  crush  small ;  to  grind  anything  to 
powder  by  stamping  on  or  hammering  it ;  to 
stamp  on  a  fallen  enemy. 

pirau.  (Kedah.)  To  turn  round,  describing  a 
semicircle  to  the  right  or  left ;  wheeling  right 
about  or  left  about. 


3    pereh.    (Riau,  Johor.)    Worn  out  by  a  struggle 
or  sustained  effort ;  exhausted,  of  a  fighting 


cock  or  fencer ;  unable  to  continue  a  struggle 
from  exhaustion,  not  from  injuries. 

pirai.  Penyakit  pirai :  a  rheumatic  disease ; 
rheumatic  or  gouty  pains  which  seem  to  be 
seated  in  the  bones. 

piyas.  A  horizontal  strip  of  matting;  the 
strips  of  a  mengkuwang  sail,  lerang  being  used 
of  canvas  sails.     Cf.  tempiyas, 

pesong.  To  alter  the  direction  in  which  any- 
thing is  going,  e.g.y  as  a  billiard  ball  changes 
the  line  of  its  motion  after  concussion  ;  to  set 
a  boat  or  ship  on  a  different  course.  Terpesong- 
pesong :  knocked  out  of  one's  course  by  a 
collision. 

pisang.  A  generic  name  for  the  banana 
(musa  sapientum)  of  which  many  varieties  are 
recognized ;  e.g.,  p,  raja,  p.  lilin,  p.  mas, 
p,  abti,p.  wangi,  p.  siisu,  p.  hijau,  etc.  Ahi^  btikan 
budak'budak  makan pisang  :  I  am  not  a  banana- 
eating  boy  ;  I  am  not  so  easily  taken  in;  Prov. 
Dtiwa  buiir  p.:  two  bananas ;  Ht.  Abd.,  313. 
P.  karok  :  the  wild  plantain,  mtisa  malaccensis, 
Pisang'pisang  :  (i)  the  line  along  the  side  of 
a  Malay  boat,  this  line  not  being  painted,  but 


L>^ 


nailed  on ;  (2)  a  generic  name  given  to  a 
number  of  wild  anonaceous  plants,  especially 
uvaria  purpurea. 

P.  p,  bnkti :  unona  discolor. 

P.  p,  hitam  :  twaria  dulcis, 

P.  p,  jantan  :  uvaria  purpurea.  Also  p.  p, 
ktmingy  and  p.  p,  tandok, 

P.  p.  padi :  tmona  dumosa.    Also  /».  p,  pipit, 

Akar  p,  p,    bukit  :   melodorum    prismaticum* 

A  kar  p.  p,  buloh  :  phytocrene  palmata. 

Bcronok  p,  :  a  sea- worm,  colochyrus  anceps, 

Gamat  p,  :  a  sea- worm,  stichopus  variegatus, 

Katak  p,  :  a  small  frog  remarkable  for  its 
great  leaping  powers. 

Tali  p.  :  dried  strips  of  banana  bast. 

Sa-perpisang :  as  much  time  as  it  takes  to 
eat  a  banana ;  a  primitive  measure  of  time ; 
Ht.  Sri  Rama  (Maxw. ),  27.  Perpisang, 
pepisang,  and  merpisang  =  occur  as  variants  of 
the  plant-name  pisang -pisang, 

pesak.     A  gore,  a  piece  of  cloth  let  in  under 

the  arm  in  making  a  coat.  Bajn  p, :  a  coat 
fitting  fairly  tightly  at  the  shoulders,  but 
faUing  in  wide  folds  below.  Bajn  p,  layang  : 
(  Penang )  a  coat  opening  down  in  front ;  = 
bajn  belah  dada,  Bajup,  sa-belah:  a  double- 
breasted  bajn.  Bajn  p.  enam  :  a  coat  with 
six  of  these  gores   sewn  into  it. 

pisau.     A  generic  name  for  knives  of  all  sorts; 

Ht.  Abd.,  210,  300.  Sa-bilah  pisau  :  a  single 
knife  ;  one  knife ;  Ht.  Abd.,  308. 

P.  chukor  :  a  razor.  Also  p,  penchukor,  and 
p, penynkor,  P.phiyukor  halus  :  (Penang)  a 
very  sharp  razor ;  a  man  who  quickly  gets 
through  any  money  or  property  that  may 
be  given  him. 

P.  daun  padi :  a  lancet. 

P.  lidah  ayam  lipat,  or  p.  lipat :  a  penknife,  a 
folding  or  clasp-knife. 

P.  lidah  ayam  :  an  office  knife  with  a  small 
blade  which  does  not  fold. 
P.  meja  :  ( modern )  a  table    knife. 

P.paung:  (properly)  a  bread-knife ;  a  knife 
with  a  turned  handle  and  a  heavy  blade. 

P.  penggiyau  :  (  Kedah )  a  reaping-knife  for 
padi, 

P.  rant :  a  small  knife  for  cutting  off  excres- 
cences on  a  stick  and  giving  the  stick  a 
smooth  surface ;  v.  rant, 

Mata  p, :  the  blade  of  a  knife. 

Pimggong  p, :  the  back  or  dull  edge  of  the 
blade. 

pesah  or  pjisah.  Putting  asunder,  divorc- 
ing, matrimonial  separation,  severance 
generally.  Nyawa  dan  badan  sa-rasa  pisah  : 
feeling  as  though  the  soul  was  being  severed 
from  the  body;Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Ada4ah  aku 
ini  belum  pernah  berpisah  dlngan  engkau :  I 
have  never  yet  been  separated  from  you ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata.     Cf.  pasah. 


61 


PIYANG 


[    486    ] 


PEKA 


tf 


JJ 


p4 


piyang.  Mother  (in  Boyanese);  Sh.  Kamp. 
Boy.,  4. 

penget.  Confined  to  the  house,  kept  under 
lock  and  key,  not  allowed  any  liberty,  shut  up 
(of  a  girl  jealously  guarded).  BBrpenget :  to 
be  shut  up  in  this  way ;  Ht.  Koris ;  Ht.  Sri 
Rama  (Maxw.),  65.  Memenget :  to  keep 
( a  girl  or  wife )  under  lock  and  key. 

Kunyet  p. :  a  medicinal  drug  ( unidentified )  ^  ; 
it  is  said  to  be  used  in  decoctions  for 
procuring  invulnerability  (kibal). 

piyanggang.  A  large  green  bug  destructive 
to  vegetables  and  rice ;  Marsd.,  KL,  v.  d.  W., 
Pijn. 

piyanggu,  A  tree  yielding  a  red  fruit  the 
size  of  a  coffee  berry,  clerodendron  nutans. 
This  fruit  is  very  astringent  and  is  eaten  with 
salt  as  a  sambal ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  VIIL,  128. 

P.  hutan  :  ( Pahang)  a  plant, j'?c«s  consociata, 

P,  jantan :  a  tree,  pellacalyx  saccardianus ; 
also  myristica   ridleyana. 


wet;  don't   drive  them   away   and  they  will 
finish  your  padi ; — a  choice  of  evils ;  Prov. 

P,  serunai :  a  primitive  wind  instrument 
consisting  of  two  pieces  of  dry  lontar  leaf 
placed  in  the  mouth  of  a  pipe  (serunai)  so  as 
to  vibrate  against  each  other  under  a  current 
of  air.  Daun  p, :  a  similar  but  more  primitive 
form,  a  serunai  not  being  used.  Phnipit 
rusa :  a  pipe  on  the  same  principle,  but  with 
laminae  of  buffalo  horn  instead  of  dry  leaf;  this 
instrument  when  blown  into  makes  a  sound 
resembling  the  call  of  a  young  deer,  and  is 
used  by  trappers  and  hunters  to  call  deer. 
Daun  pipit  rusa  :  (  Kedah )  id. 

Pipit  is  also  used  ( Riau,  Johor )  as  a 
euphemism  for  the  penis  of  a  very  young  boy. 

y4-3  peper  or  (Kedah)  pipir.  Motion  edgeways 
or  sideways ;  reeling  sideways  as  a  man  stag- 
gering under  a  blow ;  a  sidelong  motion,  in  a 
sailing-boat.  Memipir  or  mipir :  (  Kedah )  to 
be  driven  sideways  as  a  boat  with  a  heavy  sea 
or  tide  on  its  beam. 


J^ 


pixigai.     I.     Faded,    of  colouring  ;  dulled,  of 
brilliancy  ;  fallen  off,  in  looks. 

II.  Burong  pingai :  a  bird  (unidentified) 
remarkable  for  the  fact  that  the  semangat  is 
believed  to  take  its  form.  The  w^ord  burong 
pingai  is  often  used  where  semangat  is  meant. 


jl3    pixigi.     A  plant  name  (unidentified). 


A  * 


&  & 
C-*^ 


Kunyet  fenget,   kunyet  warangan, 
HHdak  di-gantong  di~muka  pintu; 

Tuwan  penget,   tuwan  larangkan, 
Hati  s^haya  sa-bagai  runtoh. 

Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 


pipa.  Eur.  A  barrel;  Sh.  Lamp.,  8;  Ht. 
Abd.,  229. 

pipit.  Onom.  The  piping  or  twittering  of 
small  birds;  (whence)  a  generic  name  for 
small  twittering  birds  like  sparrows  and 
finches,  cf.  chiyak  (which  is  the  commoner 
form  in  Kedah).  P.  rumah:  the  common  house 
sparrow.  P.  uban:  the  white-headed  Java 
sparrow.  P.  tuli:  a  small  padi-eB.img  bird 
which  is  not  easily  scared  and  is  called  **the 
deaf  sparrow,"  because  noises  alone  will  not 
drive  it  away.     P.  pisang:  a  small  green  finch. 

Burong    pipit  sama  enggang 
Mana   buleh  sama  terbang : 

a  sparrow  and  a  horn -bill,  how  can  they  fly 
together;  like  must  consort  with  like;  Prov. 
Pipit  nak  mhninang  anak  enggang :  the  sparrow 
wanted  to  ask  the  horn-bilPs  daughter  in 
marriage;  a  ridiculous  aspiration;  Prov.,  v. 
supra. 

Pipit  tuli  mahan   berhujan; 
Di'halaUy  kain   basak ; 
Ta^'di-halaUf  padi  habis: 

the  deaf  sparrows  are  eating  ( your  padi )  out 
in  the  rain;  drive  them  away  and  you  will  get 


J^ 


/%*X3  pipis.  Pounding  between  two  hard  sub- 
stances, mashing,  bruising,  reducing  to  a  pulp. 
Burong  terbang  di-pipis  lada :  while  the  bird 
is  still  flying  to  pound  the  pepper  (for  cooking 
the  bird);  to  count  one*s  chickens  before  they 
are  hatched;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  92. 

4jL5  pipeh.  Flatness,  flat.  C hacking  p,  or  ulat  p,: 
a  tape-worm.  Hidong  p, :  a  flat  nose. 
Kelim  p.:  a  flat  hem. 

pipi.  The  cheek.  Merah4ah  keduwa  pipi-nya  : 
her  cheeks  were  red ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  47. 
Memerahkan  pipi  :  to  rouge  the  cheeks ;  Marsd. 
The  use  of  the  word  pipi  is  not  confined  to 
the  cheeks  of  a  human  being,  but  is  applied 
to  the  corresponding  portion  of  the  anatomy 
of  any  animal ;  cf.  Ht.  Abd.,  206. 

piyak.     A   fold    (in   the   sense  of  a  piece);   a 

layer,  used  as  a  measure  of  quantity.  Sa-piyak 
pinang:  a  strip  of  betel-nut  prepared  for 
chewing  (composed  of  a  bit  of  areca-nut 
between  two  layers  of  sir  eh  leaf).  Sa-piyak 
kartds  :  a  strip  of  paper. 

Telaga  tenyak-riyak, 

Merpati  berulang  mandi; 

Kalau  tidak  mas  sa-piyak 
Kerja  di-mana  buleh  jadi : 

if  one  has  not  even  a  single  strip  of  gold-paper, 
what  attempt  can  ever  succeed;  without 
money  nothing  is  possible ;  Prov. 

This    word  is  possibly   a  variant  of  pehak, 
q.  V. 


-,  * 


d53 


peka.  Attention  to ;  to  attach  importance  to ; 
not  to  be  indifferent  to.  Ishdrat  yang  baik 
di'peka :  a  hint  which  it  will  be  well  to  take ; 
Sh.  Dag.,  8. 


PIKAT 


[    487    ] 


PILU 


(^aJ 


p 


y^ 


pikat.  L  A  horse  fly,  a  sort  of  tick ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng.;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard.;  Ht.  Koris.  Sapcrti 
pikat  kehilangan  mata  :  like  a  horse  fly  which 
has  lost  its  eyes ;  blundering  and  uncertain  in 
movements;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A,  S.,  XL,  64. 

n.  The  snaring  of  birds;  Sh.  Kumb. 
Chumb.,  14.  Memikat :  to  catch  birds,  to 
snare.  M .  ayam  hutan  :  to  snare  jungle-fowl ; 
Ht.  Koris.  Maka  Pemikat  juga  kerja-nya  dan 
itu4ah  kehidopan-nya :  he  was  engaged  in 
snaring  birds  and  obtained  his  living  in  that 
way ;  Ht.  Bakht.,  30.  Pemikat :  a  bird- 
catcher,  a  fowler ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  63. 

pikir.     [Arab.  ^.  ]     To    think;    thought, 

mental     consideration.     Maka     pikir-ku :     I 
thought;  my  idea  was;  Ht.  Abd.,  147. 

Pikiran :  consideration.  Sa4Hah  tetap4ah 
pikiran-ku :  when  I  had  thought  the  matter 
out ;  Ht.  Abd.,  254.  Mhiaroh  pikiran :  to 
deliberate  on  a  matter.  Masok  pikiran 
ka-dalam  hati-ku :  an  idea  occurred  to  me. 
Datang  suwatti  pikiran  kapada-ku  :  id. 

Berpikir  :  to  ponder ;  to  meditate ;  to  be 
plunged  in  thought.  Ada-pun  diyam  tuwan  R. 
itti  terlebeh  baik  daripada  kita  dndok  berpikir : 
Mr.  R.'s  silent  rest  was  more  productive  than 
our  striving  to  think  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  263. 

Memikirkan  :  to  deliberate  upon ;  to  consider 
mentally ;  to  think  out;  Ht.  Abd.,  54,  233. 

pekong.     Chin.     A  joss ;  v.  tapekong, 

pekak.     I.     Chin.     Aniseed. 
II.     Chin.     A  card-game. 

pikul.  To  carry  a  heavy  load;  to  bear  on  the 
shoulders ;  to  lift  from  the  shoulder ;  to  weigh  ; 
a  measure  of  weight  approximately  equal 
^^  133J  pounds  avoirdupois.  Di-pikul-nya 
berjalan :  he  lifted  it  up  and  walked  off  with  it. 

Memiknl :  to  bear  on  the  shoulder,  to  carry  a 
(heavy  burden),  to  lift.  Tangan  menetak  balm 
memikul:  the  hand  chops  while  the  shoulder 
lifts;  energy  that  wastes  no  time  or  oppor- 
tunity; Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  94.  Berapa  sakit 
mata  mcmandang,  sakit  lagi  bahu  memiknl: 
however  it  may  pain  the  eye  of  the  spectator,  the 
man  who  bears  the  burden  feels  it  more :  Prov. 
Other  variants  of  the  same  proverb  are  :  berapa 
janh  mata  memandang  jatJi  lagi  bahu  memikul 
( i.e.,  the  distance  seems  further  to  the  weight- 
carrier  than  to  the  spectator),  and  (Kedah) 
apa  sakit  mata  memandarig,  bahu  inenanggong4ah 
yang  merasa  (there  is  no  real  pain  in  sympathy; 
the  sufferer  feels  all  there  is). 

pikau.     Mental  confusion  or  dullness. 

Terpikaii'pikau  :  dazed,  silly,  not  in  full  posses- 
sion of  one's  senses;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  11. 
Burong  pikau :  a  bird  so  called  because  it 
makes  no  attempt  to  escape  out  of  the  way  of 
men ;  cf.  our  "  booby.*'  It  is  the  blue-breasted 
quail,  excalfactoria  chinensis. 


piku.     Minyak  piku  :  a  resinous  oil  (unidenti- 
fied) ;  it  is  used  medicinally  by  Malays. 


cM 


J^ 


p 


pegU.     Pegu,  Lower  Burmah.     Beras  p, 
from  Burmah. 


nee 


piyal.  The  wattles  on  the  comb  of  a  cock ; 
also  (  Kedah )  the  name  of  a  tree  (unidentified). 

pelat  or  ( Kedah )  pelet.  Peculiarities  of 
intonation;  provincialism  in  accent ;  brogue ; 
dialectic  differences  of  intonation  and  even 
(by  extension)    in  the  use   of  words.     Pelat 

marika4tu  hampir4iampir  saperti  pelat  Kedah  : 

their  pronunciation  of  the  language  resembled 
very  closely  the  Kedah  dialect. 

Chakapan  pelet  orang  PBtant, 

Mart   ka-Tanjong  hendak   membeli ; 

Bodoh  korang  paham   herii 
Kambeli  di-kata  permadani : 

Patani  men  speak  with  a  brogue  of  their  own 
when  they  come  to  Penang  to  make  their 
purchases,  they  are  stupid  and  hardly  know 
the  proper  meaning  of  words  :  when  they  want 
a  blanket  they  talk  of  a  floor  rug. 

pelor.  (  Kedah. )  The  leading  ship  in  a  line 
of  battle.  Cf.  pilau.  The  pelor  is  a  vessel 
which  is  given  the  lead  because  of  its  speed. 

pilis.  A  mark  traced  on  the  forehead  usually 
for  medicinal  purposes  or  as  a  protection 
against  spirits.  Sunggoh  berpilis  biikan-nya 
sakit :  though  marked  for  illness  yet  not  ill ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

pilus.     Kuweh  pilus  :  a  cake  made  of  pulut  rice 
and  egg,  cooked  in  oil,  and  eaten  with  a  syrup 
of  melted  sugar. 
Akarp,:   (Kedah)  a  plant  (unidentified). 

pelang.  A  native  galley  or  barge;  Ht.  Koris; 
Ht.  Best.;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  83,  86;  Sej. 
Mai.,  45;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  21  ;  etc. 

pelong.     Bent,  warped. 

pilin.  To  twist,  to  entwine,  to  plait.  Di- 
buwat'kan  tali  di-pilinkan:  he  made  rope  by 
twisting  it;  Marsd.  The  word  is  used  both  of 
untwisting  the  strands  of  a  rope  and  twisting 
them  up. 

pilau.  A  native  vessel  of  a  type  now  obsolete 
and  not  to  be  identified ;  a  ship  mentioned  in 
the  Sejarah  Melayu  and  explained  by  some  as  a 
Chinese  pronunciation  ofperahu.  See,  however, 
pelor. 

pilu.  Tender  feeling,  sensibility,  sympathy, 
regret,  melancholy.  Yang  memberi  pilu  dan 
hibba  :  inspiring  tenderness  and  love ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  91. 

Muka-nya  manis  kepilu-piluwan 
Saperti   bidan  di-sapu  aw  an : 

her  countenance  was  sweet  and  tenderly 
compassionate,  like  the  moon  when  the  clouds 
are  sweeping  across  her  face;  Cr.  Gr.,  32. 


PILEH 


[    488    ] 


KASID 


aJu^  pileh.  Choice,  selection,  discrimination. 
Pileh  pileh  rnwas^  Urpileh  pada  buku:  in  dis- 
criminating between  pieces  (of  sugar-cane 
between  the  joint)  you  may  get  left  with  the 
(inedible)  joint  itself;  to  be  too  particular 
often  leads  to  one  getting  nothing;  Prov. 
Hamba.  ini  salah  pimileh :  I  have  made  a  bad 
choice;  Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  8. 

Pilehan  :  selection.     Orangp.  :  picked  men. 
^J^    pili.     [  Tamil  ?  ]     Pili  ayer :  a  water-tap. 
^y^    pena.     Eur.     A  pen. 


O^ 


pina.  Pina-ptna  :  an  edible  plant,  plukenetia 
corniculata.  Siput  pina-pina :  a  shell,  the  outer 
side  of  which  is  covered  with  spikes. 

pinis.     Eng.    A  pinnace. 


pinailg.  The  areca-nut,  areca  catechu,  Bagai 
pinang  di-belah  duwa :  like  a  betel-nut  cut  in 
two  (the  two  parts  exactly  fitting  each  other); 
a  proverbial  simile  for  a  suitable  combination. 
Bagai  pinang  muda  di-belah  duwa :  like  a  young 
betel-nut  cut  in  two;  id.,  Ht.  Mas  Ed.  By 
an  extension  of  meaning  to  the  person  who 
brings  young  people  of  opposite  sexes  together, 
the  expression  pinang  nmda  has  an  objection- 
able signification  attached  to  it ;  Pel.  Abd.,  81 ; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  55. 

In  compounds  pinang  may  either  refer  to  the 
various  trees  resembling  the  pinang  palm,  or  to 
the  various  conditions  of  the  nut  and  ways  of 
preparing  it  for  consumption.  The  following 
belong  to  the  former  category. 

P.  boreng :  pinanga  malayana,  P,  boreng  padi  : 
pinanga  disticha. 

P.  kaki  pelandok  :  pinanga  polymorpha. 

P.  loyar :  a  cudgel ;  it  is  obtained  from  a  small 
tree,  the  root  of  which  serves  as  a  knob  and 
the  stem  of  which  serves  as  a  handle  for  the 
cudgel. 

P.  raja :  the  red  stemmed  palm,  cyrtostachys 
lacca, 

Rumput  p. :  a  grass,  rnariscus  umbellaUis. 


The  following  words  have  reference  to  the 
fruit  of  the  areca-nut  palm  : 

P.  awa :  betel-nut  prepared  for  consumption 
by  having  the  top  sliced  off  and  the  rest  divided 
into  four  parts  and  dried. 

P.  jerekat :  (Riau,  Johor)  unripe  betel- nut ; 
also  (  Kedah )  p,  kachat. 

P.  kutai :  dried  betel-nut. 

P.  lechak :  betel-nut  when  fresh  and  juicy. 

P.  nkup :  betel-nut  perfumed  by  incense- 
smoke. 

Bekas  p, :  a  betel-nut  box. 

The  use  of  the  areca-nut  as  a  ceremonial  gift 
on  the  occasion  of  a  formal  proposal  of 
marriage  has  led  to  the  word  pinang  being 
used  with  the  meaning  **  to  ask  in  marriage.*' 
Meminang :  id.  Bagai  kapak  masok  miminang : 
like  an  axe  undertaking  marriage  negotiations, 
— a  rough  instrument  being  used  for  excep- 
tionally delicate  work;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
III.,  24.  Tebiiwan  meminang  anak  lelaba: 
the  hornet  asking  for  the  spider's  daughter 
in  marriage, — a  ridiculously  inappropriate 
request ;  Prov.  Pipit  nak  meminang  anak 
enggang :  the  sparrow  wishes  to  ask  the 
horn-bill's  daughter  in  marriage ; — a  similar 
proverb.  Peminangan :  a  formal  proposal  of 
marriage;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

pinak.     Anakpinak:  descendants,  family. 


7^^     piyutang.     See  hutang, 

piyah.     A  small  coin,  =  i  mayam,     Cf,  piyak. 


*K^ 


4^ 


^-H^ 


piyoh.     I.     Terpiyoh:  knotted  or  twisted,  of 
roots ;  involved,  of  a  cause  of  dissension. 

II.     Bnwah    piyoh:    a   fruit  (unidentified); 
Pel.  Abd.,  78. 

pehak.    Side.     P.  kepala :  the  side  of  the  head. 

Titwan-hamba  jamu  hatnba  dan  satidara  hamba 
pada  pehak  igama :  you,  Sir,  are  my  guest 
and  my  brother  on  the  side  of  our  common 
religion;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  234. 

pSnySngat.     A  wasp  ;  from  sengat,  q.  v. 


^ 


pgnyu. 

pennyn. 


The  green  turtle,  chelone  my  das ;  see 


The  letter  kdf;  the  twenty-fourth  letter  of 
the  Malay  alphabet ;  the  equivalent  of  the 
number  100  in  the  abjad,  q.  v. 

k&f.     L     The  name  of  the  letter  ^3  * 

11.  Arab.  The  name  of  a  gigantic  mountain 
which,  according  to  Muhammadan  belief, 
keeps  the  earth  in  position. 


03J^ 


Ju?U 


kS,rAn.     Arab.     Korah ;     according     to     the 

Muhammadans,  a  man  famous  for  his  wealth. 
This  wealth  being  supposed  to  be  buried  in 
the  earth  is  much  sought  after  by  the  help  of 
wizards. 

kglsid.     Arab.     A  messenger,  a  delegate. 


kAfilah 


[  489  ] 


KABUT 


aIjU 


kd,filah.     Arab.    A  caravan. 


kd.m'&S.   Arab.     Kitdb  kdmus :  an  encyclopaedia, 
a  dictionary. 


^^    kiblat.     Arab.     The   side    towards    which   a 

Muhammadan  turns  in  prayer ;  the  direction 
in  which  Mecca  lies. 


^ 
^ 


Ji 


J 


5jJ3 


kubur.     Arab.     A  tomb, 

kabill.    Arab.    Consent,  confirmation,  accept- 
ance. 

kadar.      Arab.      Strength,      power,       might. 

Dengan  sa-kadar-nya  :  with  as  much  power  as 
possible. 

kudrat.   Arab.    Might,  power.    Dengan  kudrat 
A  llah  ta^ala  :  by  the  power  of  God. 


f 


-^    kadam.     Arab.     Foot. 


U^> 


J3 


r-^ 


r" 


kudus.    Arab.    Holy.    RuhiCl-kudus :  the  Holy 
Spirit. 

kadir.     Arab.     Mighty,   powerful,    Almighty. 

'  A  bdu'l-kadir :  "  the  servant  of  the  Almighty," 
— a  proper  name  often  met  with. 

karar.     Arab.     Confirm,  approve. 
kuran.     Arab.     The  Koran. 

kurban.     Arab.     A  sacrificial  offering. 

kart&S.     Arab,     Paper. 

karib.     Arab.     Near ;    near    and    dear ;     an 
intimate  friend  or  relative. 

kasam.     Arab.     To  divide  ;  distribution. 


4JLk3 


kasab.     Arab.     Gold  or  silver  thread. 
kisah.     Arab,     A  story,  a  narrative. 
kasad.     [Arab,  kasd.]     Intention,   purpose. 
kadla.     Arab.     Decision,  fate,  destiny. 
kutub.     Arab.     Polar  star. 
katifah.     Arab.     A  valuable  cloth, 
kulzuiu.     Arab.     Laut  ktdzimi :  the  Red  Sea. 
kalam,     Arab.     Pen,  writing. 

kalamdan.     Pers.     A  coffer  or  chest  with   a 
loose  lid. 

kamar.     Arab.     The  moon. 

kamariyyah.  Arab.    Lunar  character.  Tahun 

kamariyyah  :  the  lunar  year. 

kamisa.     Port.     A  shirt. 
kandll.     Arab.     A  lantern,  a  lamp. 
kuwat.     Arab.     Strength,  power. 
kaul.     Arab.     To  vow,  a  vow. 
kaum.     Arab.     Family,  people. 

kawi.     Arab.     Strong,  of  power. 

kahwah.     Arab.     Coffee. 

kiyas.     Arab.     Analogy. 

kiyamat.      Arab.      Judgment.     Hari   k,    or 
yaumtCUk. :  the  day  of  Judgment. 


s 


^  The  letter  ifea/;  the  twenty-fifth  |letter*of  the 
Malay  alphabet ;  the  symbol  for  the  number  20 
in  the  abjady  q.  v. 

s^  ka.     Arab.  Thy ;  an  Arabic  personal  pronoun, 
second  person,  singular,  masculine. 

^s^  ku.  I,  my,  mine ;  a  Malay  pronominal  prefix 
or  suffix  (first  person  singular).     Also  aku. 


\f^  ka'.     I.    Elder  sister ;  a  colloquial  abbreviation 
for  kakak,  q.  v. 
II.    A  Chinese  game  of  cards. 

Z^v     kabat.     Eng,     A  cupboard,  an  almeirah. 

^  kabut.     Cloudiness ;  mistiness ;  indistinctness. 
Jangan  di-sesal  gunong   berlari,   hilang    kabut 


KABIT 


[    490    ] 


KATUP 


tampak'lah  diya :  do  not  trouble  youjc^lf  lest 
the  mountains  run  away, — when  the  mist  clears 
away  they  will  be  visible ;  do  not  worry  yourself 
about  very  improbable  contingencies ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV,,  io6. 

Kilam  k> :  darkness  making  objects  indistinct ; 
(by  metaphor)  confusion,  obscurity.  Malum 
itu  sangat  kUam  kabut :  the  night  was  very  dark ; 
Sej.  MaL,  105.  Pikiran  pun  kelam  kabut: 
obscured  intelligence,  Ht,  Gul  Bak.,  64. 
Kelam  kabut-lah  lautan  :  the  sea  was  darkened 
(by  the  multitude  of  ships) ;  Ht.  Abd,,  113. 

Mata  k,  :  dim,  of  the  sight  when  looking  at 
distant  objects.  K.  mata :  myopia.  Cf. 
kabor  mata, 

Napas  berkabtU  :  smoky  breath ;  the  breath  of 
a  very  weary  or  dying  man ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  22, 

Sesal  kabut :  extreme  weariness.  Sesal 
birkabut :  id. ;  Sh.  May.,  3. 

Berkabutan :     in    clouds     (of    dust     rising); 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 
Cf.  abu,  kabor  and  kabus, 

iA»0     kabit.      [Arab.  wi^W  .]   A  pickpocket. 


LTJ 


^ 


O  kabu.  KabU'kabu :  a  coarse  tree  cotton 
used  in  its  natural  state  as  a  material  for 
stuffing  mattresses,  pillows,  etc. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  77  ; 
Pel.  Abd.,  95.  Pokok  kabu-kabu:  a  shrub 
with     a     thornv     stem     and    lobed    leaves, 


^^    kabor.     Dimness  of  vision  as  the  result  of  age 
^*  or  infirmity,  but  not   ordinary    myopia ;    cf. 

kabut,  Mengalir  mata  bertambah  kabor :  tears 
flowed  afresh,  further  obscuring  the  vision, 
Sh.  May.,  6.  Menghilangkan  kabor  dan  kelabu 
mata :  to  get  rid  of  dimness  of  vision  and 
discoloration  of  the  eye;  Muj.,  51.  Mata-nya  \ 
itU'pun  lagi  kabor ^  belum  lagi  buleh  di-pandang-  \ 
nya  baik-baik :  his  eyes  were  still  weak,  it  | 
was  still  impossible  to  see  clearly  with  j 
them;  Ht.  Si.  Misk.,  42.  \ 

JS  kabir.  The  act  of  drawing  anything  towards  \ 
oneself  by  means  of  a  pole  or  paddle ;  ! 
working  the  paddle  towards  oneself  so  as  to  I 
turn  the  boat.     Cf.  nwet. 

O  kabus.  Dimly  visible ;  dim,  as  distant  ; 
mountains  imperfectly  outlined  through  mist. 
Kabus  rupa-nya  di-dalam  kabut  duli  itu :  dimly 
outlined  in  the  clouds  of  dust ;  Ht.  Koris.  I 
Telah  hilang  kabus  segala  asap  ubat  bedil :  the 
obscurity  caused  by  the  smoke  of  the  firing 
had  passed  away;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  27. 

*j^  kabong[.        I.        The     sugar    palm,    arenga  \ 
Cl         saccharifera.     Kalam  k, :   the  ordinary  Malay  | 

pen.     Siput  k. :  a  shell  fish  (unidentified).  \ 

II,  A  white  band  worn  round  the  head  as  a  ' 
mourning  emblem  for  some  high  dignitary.  ; 
Berkabong :  to  be  in  Court  mourning;  Ht.  : 
Abd.,  425;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz,;  Ht.  Hamz.,  99. 

HI.     A  measure  of  cloth;  =  4  hesta, 

IV.  (Kedah.)  To  bolt,  to  abscond, — as  a  j 
slang  expression.  ! 


j^ 


trevesia  sandaica,     Kabu-kabu  hutan :  a   shrub 
(xanthoxylum)  myriacanthum. 

Also  (Kedah)  kekabu,      Cf.  kapok  and  kapas* 

kata.  [Skr.  kdthd.]  Utterance,  spoken 
words ;  saying ;  mention.  Sa-patah  k, :  a 
single  word,  Jangan  di-kaia:  not  to  mention. 
SapMi  kata  melayu  :  as  the  Malay  saying  runs; 
as  the  Malays  say.  Kata  yang  empunya 
cheritera  ini  ;  or  kata  sdhibu  H-hikdyat  ^  the  saying 
of  him  whose  tale  it  is ;  the  narrator  goes  on 
to  tell. 

Katakan :  to  repeat ;  to  convey  a  message  by 
repeating  it.  Katakan  sehaya-punyatabek  :  give 
(him)  my  compliments. 

Berkata :  to  speak,  to  say.  Berkata-kata : 
to  have  the  power  of  speech ;  to  converse. 
Tiyada  kuwasa  berkata-kata :  he  was  unable  to 
speak ;  he  had  lost  the  power  of  speech. 

Mengata:  to  utter  (usually  in  the  sense  of 
uttering  bad  language).  Mengatangata  :  to  be 
abusive  ;Ht.  Abd.,  312;  Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  27, 
Mengatai :  to  insult,  to  abuse;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Mengatakan  :  (i)  to  utter,  to  mention ;  (2)  to 
abuse,  =  mengata  akan, 

Perkaiaan :  a  saying,  an  utterance ;  a  word, 
words. 

katib.  Arab.  A  writer,  a  scribe,  a  notary; 
Ht.  Best.,  3,  Wakdtiba  Buyong  Kadtr :  Buyong 
Kadir  wrote  it. 

JU     katar.     [Eng. :  cutter.  ]    A  one-masted  sailing 
^  boat. 

-^  kater     or    katir.       Outriggers.      Jongkong 
-^  berkatir :  a  small  boat  with  outriggers. 

ijU     katang.     I.     Katang-katang :  a  square  packet 

CI  made   6f    pandanus    leaves    and    used    as    a 

receptacle  for  gambier,  sago,  and  miscellaneous 

spices  or  drugs    (rempah-rempah) ;  Sh.  Kumb. 

Chumb.,  14. 

n.     Ular  katang  tebu :   the   fasciate    viper, 
.  bungarus  fasciatus. 


^< 


a 
not 


iiu     katong.     1.     The  up  and  down   motion  of 
^         boat  at  anchor  ;  tossing  on  the  waves,  but  n- 
being  borne  along  by  them.    Cf.  along, 

Tanjong  k, :  a  point  stretching  out  to  sea 
and  to  which  the  waves  give  the  appearance  of 
motion. 

n.     A  plant ;  cynometra  polyandra, 

HI.     A  turtle  (species  unidentified). 

IV.  Baju  katong :  a  sleeveless  coat ;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah.     Better,  baju  kotong. 

jU  katup.  Tightly  closed,  shut  up,  closed  up. 
Katupkan :  to  close,  as  a  door  is  closed  (Ht. 
Abd.,  80)  or  of  a  mouth  being  closed. 
Mengatupkan :  id.,  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 

Hrkatup  :  closed.  Mulut  terkatup  :  silenced ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  67 ;  Sh.  Jub.  MaL,  9. 


KATAK 


[    491    ] 


KACHAR 


|JU  katak.  A  toad,  a  frog.  Sa-ekor  katak  di-bawah 
tempurong :  a  frog  beneath  a  coco-nut  shell ;  a 
proverbial  description  of  a  narrow  minded 
person;  Ht.  Abd.,  469,  486;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XL,  52;  XXIV.,  no.  Laksana  katak,  sadikit 
hujan  banyak  bermatn :  like  frogs  who  enjoy 
themselves  immensely  over  very  little  rain ; 
a  man  who  makes  a  mountain  out  of  a 
molehill;  Prov. 

Katak,  katak,  mengapa  kau  panggil  hujan  ? 

Bagaimana  ta' -panggil,  ular  nak  makan  aku : 
frog,  frog,  why  are  you  calling  down  rain  ? — 
How  can  I  help  calling  down  rain  when  the 
snake  is  wanting  to  eat  me.  ^ 

K,  betong :  the  bull-frog. 

K.  lempong :  a  frog,  oxyglossus  lima  or 
oxyglosstis  levis, 

K.  pisang :  a  green  variety  of  frog  with  great 
leaping  powers,  rana  erythrcea  or  rhacophorus 
leucomystax* 

K.  piiru  :  the  common  toad.  Masa-lah  katak 
ptiru  selalu  berkerutu,  di-timpa  hujan  linchin 
juga :  will  the  toad  have  always  a  rough 
skin  or  will  his  skin  become  slippery  when 
the  rain  falls  on  it ;  will  a  man  be  always 
bad  or  will  he  not  rather  have  occasional 
moments  of  goodness ;  Prov. 

K,  umpan :  a  small  variety  of  frog  used  as 
bait  by  natives  fishing  in  the  padi  fields. 

K,  bertandok,  k,  gendang,  k.  kembong, 
k.  kimak,  k,  tninyak,  and  k.  rendang :  other 
unidentified  varieties  of  toads  and  frogs. 

Buwaya  k, :  the  marsh  crocodile,  crocodilus 
palnstris.  The  name  is,  however,  often  given  to 
short  thick  specimens  of  the  more  common 
crocodile,  crocodilus  porosus. 

Meriyam  k, :  a  cannon  when  short  in 
comparison  with  its  calibre ;  a  howitzer. 

Sedti  k, :  short  quick  breathing  as  the 
result  of  violent  exertion. 


katek.     Stunted,  dwarfed;  small  in  size  but 

not  deformed,  of  an  adult.     Ayam  k,:   a  small 
fighting-cock. 

katok.  Rapping ;  knocking  a  hard  substance 
against  another;  usually  ketok,  q.  v. 

katil.  Tam.  A  bedstead ;  a  couch,  bench,  or 
resting-place;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

kati.  I.  A  "catty";  a  local  standard  of 
measurement  corresponding  to  our  pound 
avoirdupois,  but  weighing  about  one-third 
more;  Ht.  Abd.,  114,  413;  Cr.  Hist.  Ind, 
Arch.,  I.,  275. 

II,  Sa-kaii'lima,  or  si-kati-lima :  (i)  damages 
for  injury  done,  blood  money;  (2)  a  plant, 
aganosma  marginata. 

Si'kati-mtma ;  ( i )  the  name  of  a  great  serpent 
slain  by  Sang  Seperba;  (2)  a  flower 
(unidentified). 


^  The  cry  of  the  frog  is   believed  to  attract  rain;   of. 
J.  S.  A  S.,  XI.,  42. 


i>.^    kajang.     A  kind  of  waterproof  matting  made 
w  of  pandan  or  mengkuwang  leaves  and  used  as 

a  protection  against  rain  ;  the  use  of  such  a 
protection.  Su'bidang  k,:  a  piece  of  this 
matting;  Pel,  Abd.,  8.  Samir  ta'^habis 
kajang  pida :  you  have  not  yet  done  with  the 
fresh-leaf  protection  and  here  you  come  for 
matting :  =  bayar  ta'-habis  hutang  ptda :  you 
have  not  paid  your  old  debts  and  here  you 
come  borrowing  again;  Prov.  Papas  k, :  to 
remove  kajang  tents;  Sh.  Sri  Ben,,  90. 

K,  berapit :  kajang  mats  fitted  together  so 
as  to  cover  a  larger  space ;  kajang  mats  used 
for  walls  of  roofing;  Ht.  Abd.,  224. 

K.  magon :  a  permanent  roof  with  a  curved 
outline  used  to  cover  a  portion  of  a  native  ship 
and  to  provide  accommodation  for  its  master ; 
Pel.  Abd.,  112. 

K.  rangkap :  two  pieces  of  kajang  matting  set 
alongside  one  another  and  giving  a  double 
ridge  to  the  roof. 

K,  rungknp :  matting  forming  a  sort  of  roof 
the  eaves  of  w^hich  do  not  come  quite  to  the 
ground. 

K.  serong :  roofing  used  on  a  ship  on  the  same 
lines  as  the  k.  magon,  but  angular  instead  of 
curved  in  outline  (a  cross-section  being 
taken). 

Terkajang :  roofed,  protected  from  the  rain. 
Batu  di'pulait  tidak  terkajang:  rocks  on  the 
islands  need  no  protection  against  the  rain ; 
wealthy  relatives  need  no  support ;  Prov.,  v. 
J.  S.  A  S.,  I.,  96. 


iSr 


J^  kajai.     Tali  kajai  ;  a  halter  for  a  horse. 

.^  kaji.  Reading  the  Scriptures  (used  as  a  root 
for  mengaji,  v.  aji).  Sakaliyan  perempuwan 
hafuS'lah  kaji:  all  women  should  read  the 
Koran;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  48. 


-.^  kacha.  Glass  ( the  material,  not  glass  in  the 
Cl  sense  of  a  tumbler).  Roda  k, :  a  glass  wheel. 
Saperti  kacha  terhempas  di-atas  batu  :  like  glass 
crashing  on  stone ;  an  utter  smash ;  Prov., 
Ht.  Abd.,  447.  Saperti  kacha  jatoh  di-batu  : 
id.;  Ht,  Sg.  Samb. 

In  Batavia,  and  sometimes  in  Singapore, 
kacha  is  used  where  cheremin  would  be  used  in 
the  Riau,  Johor  and  Kedah  dialects.  K. 
mata:  spectacles;  Kam.  Kech,,  7 ;  ft.  muka: 
a  looking-glass ;  Kam,  Kech.,  7. 


^  kachat.    (Kedah.)    Pinang  kachat :  betel-nut  in 
an  unripe  state ;  (Riau,  Johor)  pinang  jerBkat. 

u     kachit.     Betel-nut  scissors;  better  kachip,  q.v. 


pJS    kachar.     l.    A  short  line  used  in  fishing  for 
-^  the  ikan  sembilang;  Kl. 

II.  Siput  kachar :  3,  shell,  valuta  pulchr a* 

III.  Fussy  behaviour ;  running  hither  and 
thither. 


KACBANO 


[    492    ] 


KAOOK 


& 


r 


& 


r 
r 
^ 


kachang.  I.  A  generic  name  for  beans. 
Kachang  lupakan  kulit :  the  bean  forgets  its 
pod;  a  proverbial  expression  applied  to  a 
notiveau  richer  who  forgets  his  humble 
extraction;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  149. 
K,  babi  :  an  irritant  bean  (unidentified). 

K.  bendi :  the  okra  or  beni  fruit,  hibiscus 
esculentus. 

K,  botor :  a  cultivated  bean,  psophocarpus 
tetragonolobus.  Also  k,  botol,  and  (Kedah)  k* 
kotor, 

K,  btiltt:  tephrosia  hookeriana, 

K.  bunchis  :  French  beans. 

K.  china  :  (Singapore)  the  pea-nut,  arachis 
hypogcea.  Also  applied  to  the  haricot  bean, 
phaseolus  lunatus, 

K*  chindai  :  phaseolus  mungo, 

K,  gore  Jig  :  the  pea-nut,  arachis  hypogcea, 

K.  hantu :  canavalia  emiformis.  K.  hantu 
darat :  crotalaria  alata, 

K.  jawa :  =  k.  china, 

K,  jepun  :  the  soy  bean,  soya  hispida, 

K,  jBriji  :    dolichos  lablab  ;  (Favre). 

K.  kachang :  ageloea  vestita  ?  or  canavallia 
virosa  ? 

K,  kara :  dolichos  lablab.     Also  k,  kara-kara, 

K,  kayu :  the  Indian  dall,  cajanus  indicus. 
K,  kayu  betina  :  desmodium  polycarpum.  K,  kayu 
lant :  pongamia  glabra  ? 

K,  kedelai :  a  bean  (dolichos  lablab  ?)  Ht. 
Abd,  180. 

K.  kelisah:  (Kedoh) psophocarpus  tetragonolobus 
Also  k,  kotor. 

K,  kota  :  cassia  occidentalis. 

K,  laui :  (Pahang)  dioclea  reflexa. 

K,  lender :  hibiscus  esculentus ;  Hay.  Haiw. 

K.luli :  a  variety  (unidentified),  Muj.,  48. 

K,  menila  :  voandzeia  subierranea, 

K.  merah  :  vigna  katiang, 

K,  parang  :  canavalia  ensiformis, 

K,pendek:  the  French.hea.n;  phaseolus  vulgaris. 
Also  k,  bunchis, 

K,  puteh  :  peas,  pisum  sativum, 

K,  sepat :  a  bean  (unidentified) ;  Muj.,  47. 

K.  serinding :    Lima  beans,  phaseolus  lunatus, 

K,  tauge :    a  black-seeded    variety  of  vigna 

catiang, 
K,  tupai  :  pithecolobium  fasciculatum, 
11.     Kachang'kachang :    the  name  of  a   fish 

(unidentified) ;  Pel.  Abd.,  30. 

kachong.  Jav.  **  Youngster,"  a  form  of 
address  for  a  child.  Belalang  k. :  a  grasshopper 
(species  unidentified). 

kachip.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Betel-nut  scissors ; 
(Kedah)  kelati. 

kachak.  I.  Smart  in  appearance;  looking 
w^ell ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  33.  Si-kachak :  a  dude, 
a  dandy. 


yr 


^ 


^:> 


11.  Stepping  along  on  tiptoe;  moving  along 
quietly  as  a  thief  who  wishes  to  escape  observa- 
tion ;  treading  gingerly  on  anything.  Mandi 
berkachak  di-atas  ikan  raya:  bathing  while 
keeping  a  foot  on  the  great  fish  (for  support), 
Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  35.  Sudah  terkachak-kan  benang 
arang  hitam-lah  tapak :  when  you  have  stepped 
on  a  line  drawn  in  charcoal  the  sole  of  your 
foot  will  be  blackened ;  you  cannot  touch 
pitch  without  being  defiled;  Prov.,v.  J.  S.  A.  S., 
IL,  145. 

kachau.  Confusing,  mixing  up,  disturbing; 
confusion.  K.  birau:  extreme  confusion,  an 
utter  mixture  or  mess  (of  what  should  be  in 
order).  K.bilau:  id,  Terkachau-kachau :  ntterly 
involved  or  mixed  up  ;  in  extreme  confusion  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  390.  Mengachau,  and  mengachau-kan: 
to  confuse,  to  upset  order  or  arrangement ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  ig,  22.     Cf.  chachau, 

kachu.     Terra  japonica,  catechu. 

kacheh.    See  kochah. 

kachi.     I.     A  fine  fabric    of  cloth    (obtained 
from  Cutch  in  India?) 
II.     Ikan  k,:  a  fish  (unidentified). 

\f^  kadut.     A  kind  of  coarse  sackcloth  regularly 
>v       worn    by    Chinese    women  at    funerals,    and 

sometimes  used  for  sacking  (Sh.  Panj.  Sg.)  and 

sail-cloth. 


Ls^  kadang.     I.     Kadang-kadang:  on  occasions,  ^X 
C,  intervals,  at  times,  sometimes;  Ht.  Abd.,  319. 

Also  terkadang;  Ht.  Abd.,  29,  49,  79,  etc.;  and 
terkadang- kadang ;  Ht.  Abd.,  41,  77. 

1 1.  Kadang'kedayan :  the  following  of  a 
Javanese  prince;  a  Javanese  prince's  suite  (in 
the  language  of  old  romances). 

'^K*    k^d^^'     ^  plant,  the  leaves  of  which  resemble 
^  those  of  the  sireh  vine ;  piper  longum  ?  or  piper 

densum?  Also  sireh  kadok,  Kadok  naikjunjong: 
the  kadok  vine  on  2l  sireh  prop;  the  worthless 
in  the  position  of  the  worthy ;  a  beggar  on 
horseback ;  Prov.  ^  Kadok  kena  baja,  or  kadok 
kena  ayer  tahi :  an  ill  weed  manured  (when  it 
grows  fast  enough  without  it);  assistance  to 
the  unworthy;  Prov. 

K,  hutan:  a  jungle  pepper,  piper  stylosum. 

Pa'  kadok:  a  nickname  for  a  man  who  poses 
as  learned  when  he  really  knows  very  little. 

I    This  proverb  may  be  used  either  as  a  simile  for  the 
worthless  and  conceited  or  to  rebuke  presumption ;  e.  g.: — 

Ada  sa-ekor  bttrong  pnchong, 
Leher  panjang  laksana  teropong ; 

Tiyada  tahu  sendiri  kosong 
Sa-bagai  kadok  naik  junjong. 

Orang  mhijala  dalam  teloh, 
Dapat  sa-ehor  hudang  ganiong; 

Enche*  laksana  daun  kadok, 
Mana  buleh  naik  junjong. 

Sa4ama  tUok  menjadi  tanjong, 
Burong  s^rindit  menjadi  tiyong^ 

Kadok  hendak  naik  junjong, 
Itek  'birkukok  hendak  bSrsabong. 


KADAL 


[    493     ] 


KABAM 


IS 


U^J 


Sangat-lah      karut :      it 
obviously  absurd ;  Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  4. 

Che'  Alt  orang  di-kota 

Turun  ka-bendang  ketani  padi ; 

Alang'kah  karut  tuwan  berkata, 
Belah  dada  btikan-kah   matt : 

is  it  not  nonsense  that  you  are  now  talking, — 
if  I  open  up  your  heairt  will  it  not  mean 
death  ?  i 

Mopeng  karut :  very  much  pockmarked. 

Mengarut :  to  talk  nonsense. 

Kami  is  sometimes  used  with   the  meaning 
'*  a  spider's  web  "  ;  cf.  rakut, 

^   karas.     Karas-karas:    a   species    of   cake   or 
sweetmeat.     Also  kekaras. 


t^  karang,    I.    A  reef, 

w^  SDone^e.     Kena  k.  • 


sponge.     Kena  k, . 
Abd.,  190. 


a  coral   bank,  coralline 
to  run  on    a    reef;    Ht. 


\j>0     kadal.     Jav.     The  grass  lizard,  niabuia ;  Sh. 
^  Panj.  Sg.    Usually  bengkarong  or  inengkarong,    1 

jO     kara.     I.     Kachang  kara :    a   plant,     doltchos    I 
lab-lab.     Also  kachang  kara-kara. 

II.  Udang  kara:  a  lar^^e  lobster; — from 
Skr.  indkdra,  Malay  mengkara?  ! 

III.  Gendang  kara:  (Riau)  a  drum  beaten    j 
on  one  side  only.  I 

IV.  Akar    kara  -  kara :    an   Arab  drug  used    : 
medicinally ;  =  kachang  kara  ? 

V.  Sa-batang  kara  :  alone,  unaccompanied  ;    i 
Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  8.     Better  karah,  q.  v.  | 

VI.  A  variant  of  angkara,  q.  v.  i 

i 
I 

C^jS     karat.    I.    Rust;  (by  metaphor)  deterioration,    | 
depreciation  as  the  result  of  the  lapse  of  time,    j 
Habis'lah  'akal-nya    itu   di-makan   karat :    his    ' 
intellect  wasted  away  ;  his  mind  deteriorated ; 
Ht.      Abd.,      483.     Karat     di-hati :     mahce, 
malicious  feelin^^-. 

Kalan   marah   kata    sa-kali, 
Jangan   tar  oh    karat   di-hati : 

if  you  are  angry  say  so  straight  out,   do   not 
bear  malice  in  your  heart, 

Berkarat:  to  rust;  (by  metaphor)  to  bear 
malice.  Bukan-nya  diyam  penggali  berkarat : 
his  rest  was  not  the  rest  of  the  spade  which 
rusts  (depreciates  when  doing  no  work) ; 
Ht,  Abd.,  263.  Jangan  berkarat  ayuhai  siti : 
lady,  do  not  bear  me  a  grudge;  do  not  be 
secretly  offended ;  Sh.  Ul.,  24. 

II.  The  fighting  of  cats  with  claws  or  of 
crabs  with  pincers.  K.  gigi :  to  grind  the 
teeth. 

^  A5     karut.      Obvious     nonsense ;     lying    that     is 
-^  seen    on    the    face    of  it  to   be   lying ;    self- 

contradiction.        San^at-lah      karut 


I  This  pantun  is  a  proverbial  reply  to  another  pantun 
suggesting  that  the  sceptical  girl  should  rend  her  lover's 
heart  and  see  for  herself  whether  her  image  is  there. 


BaM  k, :    coralline  rock ;   (also)    galena  ore. 

Bunga  k. :  a  sponge  (coralline  or  otherwise) ; 
Sej.   Mai.,  45. 

Ikan  k. :  a  fish  (unidentified). 

hi  k. :  shells,  corals,  and  other  things  picked 
up  on  the  beach. 

Penyakit  karang-karang :  a  form  of  syphilis. 

Karang-karangan :  =  isi  karang, 

Berkarang :  to  go  hunting  for  shells,  etc., 
on  the  beach;  Sej.  MaL,  67. 

II.  Ordering,  arrangement,  composition; 
literary  composition,  Payong  di-karang 
mntiyara :  an  umbrella  set  with  pearls  in 
patterns  ;Cr.  Gr.,  32.  Puncha  di-karang  akan 
dastar :  a  loose  piece  of  cloth  arranged  as  a 
turban;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 

Karangan :  setting;  composition.  Mntiyara 
terJiambor  daripada  karangan-nya  :  pearls  fallen 
from  their  setting;  Ht.  Abd.,  15,  79.  Kitdb 
kdmih  karangan  tuwan  Marsden  :  a  dictionary 
of  Mr.  Marsden's  composition;  Ht.  Abd.,  182. 
Karang-karangan :  literary  composition  in 
general;  all  forms  of  literary  work;  Ht. 
Abd.,  48.  Karang-mengarang ;  to  do  literary 
w^ork. 

Karangkan :  to  set  in  order,  to  arrange,  to 
compose.     Mengarangkan  :  id. 

Pengarang :  an  author,  a  composer;  Ht. 
Abd.,  139. 

Terkarang:  arranged,  composed,  put  in  order. 

The  word  karang  is  also  used  (in  romances 
from  Javanese  sources )  of  an  ordered  garden. 
Kekarang:  id.;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed.  Karang 
kesteriyan  :  a  garden  for  the  ladies  of  the 
palace;  the  harem  garden ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

C.  }$     karong.     A  coarse  sack  made  of  matting  and 
^  containing  at  least  about  2  J  gantang^  a  smaller 

sack  being  known  as  kampit.  Maka  keratan 
mata  tombak  itu  di-angkat  orang  berkarong- 
karong :  men  picked  up  the  broken  spearpoints 
by  the  sackful;  Sej.  MaL,  142.  Kain  karong : 
matwork  sacking  ;  sacking  generally. 

_3  iU     karap.     A  comb  used  in  weaving. 

i  \<^  karip.     Sleepy ;  a  ( Javanese  )  variant  of  arip, 
-^J^       q.  V. 

AjO     karam.     I.    Foundering,  sinking ;  being  buried 

»  in  the  w^aters ;  (  by  metaphor)  ruin,  destruction. 

Karam    tiyada     berayer:  to    founder  without 

water ;  ruin  without  apparent  reason  or  as  the 

result  of  accident ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  162. 

Karam  berdtiwa  basah  sa-orang :  two  men 
foundered,  but  one  only  got  wet ;  two  men 
undertook  something  in  partnership,  but  one 
emerged  with  all  the  profit;  Prov.  Orang 
karam  di-laut,  aku  karam  di-darat:  others 
founder  at  sea,  I  met  destruction  on  land ;  Ht. 
Abd.,   447. 

Pisau    rant   Maharaja   Lela, 

Pakaiyan    anak    raja   di-Jtiddah; 

Karam    di4aut    buleh    di4imba, 
Karam   di-hati    bilakan   sudah : 


62 


KAR&NA 


[    494    ] 


KASEH 


OJ 


r 


JL> 


^J 


"J 


r 
r 


if  you  are  swamped  at  sea  you  can  bail  the 
water  out,  but  if  you  are  wrecked  in  your 
affections  when  can  you  hope  to  get  over  it ; 
Prov.,  cf.  J.  S.  A,  S,,  II.,  153. 

11.     [Arab.  *\^']    A   term  of  abuse;    Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  346. 

karSna.  [Skr.  kdrdna.]  Cause,  reason; 
because.  A  pa  sibab  dingan  karena :  for  what 
cause  or  reason ;  why.  Karena  Allah  :  God's 
will ;  God  as  the  originating  cause  of  anything. 
Usually  pronounced  kBrna  or  kerana, 

karun*  (Arab.  kdrun,)  Korah,  known 
among  Malays  as  a  Croesus. 

karuniya.  [Skr.  kdmnya.']  Favour;  kind- 
ness from  a  superior  to  an   inferior ;  v.    \j  <^. 

karau.  Stirring  up,  disturbing ;  splashing 
water  with  the  feet ;  stirring  up  the  oil  when 
frying ;  drawing  in  a  fishing  line  slightly  so  as 
to  draw  the  attention  of  the  fish  to  the  bait. 

karu.  Breaking  into  a  conversation  ;  interrupt- 
ing.    Cf.  haru. 


karah.  I.  KuUt  karah:  tortoise-shell.  Btdoh 
k.:  a  bamboo  with  a  peculiar  variegated 
pattern  suggesting  tortoise-shell.  Berkarak  : 
variegated.  Pennyu  karah  :  the  turtle  yielding 
this  shell. 

Karah  is  also  used  to  describe  the  appearance 
of  the  teeth  when  lumps  of  sireh  or  other 
foreign  substances  are  adhering  to  them,  and 
to  describe  the  appearance  of  leaves  when 
covered  with  the  white  spots  of  disease. 

II.  Sa-hatang  karah :  alone,  by  oneself, 
unattended  by  one's  usual  suite.  Jambafan  k, : 
a  bridge  without  a  parapet.     Also  kara. 

©  .0     kareh.     Stirring  up  cooked  grain  with  a  hot 
spoon  so  as  to  get  it  cooked  evenly  throughout. 

^  kari.     I.     Curry.     The  proper  word  for  Malay 
curry  is  gulai, 

II.     Surplus,  remainder;  KL,  v.  d.  W. 


^j 


lT 


^  kasa.     I.     A  kind  of  cloth;  =  <^\^. 


r 


II.     The  firmament ;  =  angkasa, 

kasut.     Shoes,   boots.     Memakat  k. :  to   wear 
boots.     K.     sa-pasang  :  a  pair  of  boots. 

K,  belulang :  leathern   shoes. 

K,    kayu :  clogs. 

K,    pilembang :  a  sort  of  clog  with  a  projec- 
ting knob  for  seizure  between  the  toes. 

K,  rumput :    Japanese    grass    slippers.     K. 
serit:  id. 

Tapak  k. :  the  sole,  in  a  shoe. 

A»0  kasar.  Roughness  or  coarseness  (of  manner, 
texture,  or  material) ;  thickness ;  gruffness. 
Kilakuwan  k. :  coarse  boorish  manners. 
Kasar-nya  saperti  ibu  kaki :   it  (the  fuse)    was 


,^ 


r 


about  as  thick  as  a  man's  ankle ;  Ht.  Abd.,  64., 
Dapat'lah  ku  Uirut-turut  rupa  huruf  sadikit- 
dikit,  tetapi  dhigan  kasar-nya  :  I  managed  to 
follow  the  lines  of  the  written  characters  though 
only  in  a  rough  sort  of  way ;  Ht,  Abd.,  21. 

Kekasaran  :  roughness,  coarseness,  rudeness ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  371. 

kasap.  I.  Rough  to  the  touch,  as  coarse 
paper  or  coarse  woollen  material.  Buloh  k, 
and  mcmpelas  k, :  plants  with  rough  leaves. 

II.  A  sailor  whose  duty  it  is  to  look  after  the 
flags,  cordage  and  lamps  of  a  ship. 

III.  Nakhoda  kasap,  ox  anakhoda  buloh  kasap 
or  anak  kuda  bulu  kasap  :  meaningless  variants 
of  a  jingle  suggesting  pang  kal  hilang  hujong 
lesap :  the  handle  is  gone  and  the  point  is  lost ; 
all  is  lost ;  all  is  up.  ^ 

kasip.  The  last  of  anything ;  the  last  rains  of 
a  wet  season ;  the  last  gusts  of  a  parting 
monsoon. 


,0     kasek.     See  kosaL 


^  kasau.     A  rafter,  a  cross-beam ;  cf.  rasok  and 

-^         gelegar.     K,    jantan :   the  main    rafters.     K, 

betina:  the  minor  rafters.     Harimau  belang  ft., 

or  harimau  torang  k.,  or  harimau  terong  k. :  the 

royal  tiger  (from  its  stripes). 


.\r 


4^0  kaseh  or  kasih.  Affection,  love,  strong 
liking.  Merajok  pada  yang  kaseh  :  be  sulky 
with  those  who  love  you  (for  they  only  will 
stand  it) ;  Prov. 

Terima  k. :  the  receipt  of  kindness  or  favour ; 
the  acknowledgment  of  a  favour;  the  usual 
Malay  expression  of  thanks.  Beribu-ribu  terima 
k, :  many  thousands  of  thanks. 

Kasehan  :  kindness,  favour,  mercy  (especially 
in  the  sense  of  the  pity  or  favour  of  one  who 
is  vested  with  power) ;  a  pity,  an  unfortunate 
thing.  Dengan  kasehan  Allah:  by  the  mercy 
of  God.  Menaroh  kasehan  :  to  harbour  feelings 
of  pity;  to  feel  pity;  to  be  merciful.  Gajah- 
gajah  itU'pun  kasehan  semuwa-nya  habis  mati  : 
unfortunately  all  the  elephants  died;  Ht. 
Abd.,  76. 

Kasehaniy  or  mengasehani :  (i)  to  feel  pity; 
(2)  to  pity  (transitive). 

Kasehankan  or  mengasehankan  :  to  treat  as  an 
object  of  pity;  to  pity.  Kasehankan  raja 
berusong :  to  pity  the  prince  borne  by  in  his 
litter  ;  misplaced  condolence ;  Prov. 

Kasehi  or  mengasehi :  to  love  ;  to  feel  love  for 
any  one. 

Berkaseh'kasehan  :  in  mutual  love  or  affection ; 
with  love  on  both  sides. 

Mengaseh :  to  fall  in  love  with ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

Pengaseh  :  a  creator  of  love ;  love  arousing. 
Do'd  p. :  formulae  to  win  love  or  affection. 
Guna  p. :  love  magic,  love  potions,  any  magical 

I  Another  variant  of  the  second  line  is  modal  habis  laha 
Usap :   the  capita!  is  gone  and  the  profits  have  vanished. 


KASAI 


[    495     ] 


KAPUS 


-\r 


method    of    winning    the    love   of  another. 
^Azimat  p,:    a    love    talisman. 

Pingasehan:    love.     Tamanp,:   a    garden    of 
love;  Ht.  Abd.,  79. 

Perkaseh:  a  variant  oipengaseh;  Muj.,  84. 

See  also  kasi  I. 


^^  kasai.  A  cosmetic ;  Sh.  Bid.,  26,  46.  In  the 
Peninsula  it  is  better  known  as  bedak,  K. 
hangat  and  k.  sejok  :  varieties  of  this  cosmetic. 

^U  kasi.  I.  (Singapore.)  Give.  Kasi  sama 
sehaya:  give  me.  This  word  (which  is  a 
"Bazaar"  Malay  word)  is  possibly  a  variant  of 
kasihf  in  the  sense  of  bestowal. 

II.  [  Hind.  j5^  ]  Castration,  gelding. 
Ayam  k.:  a  capon.  Lenibu  k.:  a  bullock. 
Laksmia  lembu  kasi:  like  a  bullock  (which 
threatens,  but  never  charges) ;  threats  which 
mean  nothing ;  Prov. 

j^^     kangor.     Lang  kangor :  a  (red)  variety  of  hawk, 
w— ^"^     kaf.     The  name  of  the  letter  ^. 


J> 


f^  kgtflr.  Arab.  Unbeliever,  infidel;  one  who 
denies  the  faith.  Orang  k,:  non-Muham- 
madans.  Jin  k»:  evil  spirits  who  do  not 
acknowledge  the  faith  of  Islam.  Sa4engah 
kdfir^  sa-tengah  islam :  half  were  infidels,  half 
Muhammadans;  Sej.  Mai.,  21.  Menjadi  kdfir 
meninggalkan  tmdn :  to  become  an  infidel  and 
abandon  the  true  faith ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  3. 
Kafir  rushiyan  goyang  kepala:  the  infidel 
Russians  shook  their  heads;  Sh.  Pr.  Turki,  5. 

{S^^  kaflri.  Arab.  Infidel, — an  adjectival  form  of 
kafir;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  70. 

jJu     kafur.     Arab.    Camphor;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  352; 

V.  kapor, 

u-3u     kapa.     I.     A  sort  of  very  temporary  gunwale 
to  tide  over  a  passing  difficulty ;  cf.  rtibing, 

II.  Nervous  trembling;  fits  of  shivering  at 
night  as  the  result  of  bad  dreams.  Terkapa- 
kapa:  id,;  Ht.  Best. 

III.  [Arab,  kdfi,]  Complete,  perfect ;  used 
of  the  impression  of  a  seal  in  wax  being  perfect. 

C-^u  kapit.  I.  Support  between  two;  support  on 
each  side.  This  word  is  especially  used  of  the 
"supporters"  of  a  bridegroom,  the  ** seconds" 
of  a  combatant  in  a  duel,  and  other  bestowers 
of  moral  support  rather  than  actual  assistance ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Ht.  Koris;  Sh,  Bid.,  iig. 
Pengapit:  a  supporter,  a  second ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama. 
Cf.  apit. 

II.  Pressure  between  two  connected  surfaces; 
a  variant  of  kepit,  q.  v, 

Jo  kapar.  Lying  about  without  order  or  method ; 
scattered  about  here  and  there ;  lying  in  a 
careless  or  unstudied  attitude. 

Kaparkan:  to  scatter  about;  Sej.  MaL,  159. 


Berkaparan:  scattered  about  in  disorder,  as 
flowers  blown  down  from  a  tree  (Ht.  Sg.  Samb.), 
or  as  flags  and  pennons  abandoned  on  a  battle- 
field (Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  87),  or  as  sentinels  tired 
out    and    asleep  (Ht,   Ind.  Jaya). 

Tirkapar :  fallen  into  a  chance  attitude  or 
position,  as  a  man  after  a  sudden  fainting 
fit;  Sh.   Ik.  Trub,,  12. 

j^^     kaper.     Jav.     A  night-bird  (unidentified). 

i^  kapir.     Infidel ;  =  (Arab.)  J^,  q.  v. 

j3  V  kapor.  Chalk,  lime,  camphor ;  the  camphor 
tree;  the  lime  eaten  with  sireh  leaf.  Sireh 
sa-kapor :  a  quid  of  betel  leaf;  Ht,  Koris. 
Kapor  di-htijong  tekmjok:  sireh  lime  at  the 
tip  of  the  finger;  a  type  of  transitory  existence 
since  it  is  not  allowed  to  stay  there  long ;  Prov. 
Bagai  kunyetdengan  kapor:  like  saffron  and  sireh 
lime;  an  appropriate  conjunction;  Prov.,  J.  S. 
A.  S.,  III.,  24.  Bagai  chichakmakan  kapor :  3ls 
a  lizard  eats  sireh  lime  (with  delight) ;  Prov. 
Menyapu  kapor:  to  whitewash  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  352. 
K,  bams :  camphor  (the  best  camphor  coming 
from Barusin Sumatra);  dryobalanops  aromatica. 

K,  bHanda:  chalk. 

K.  buloh  :  a  substance  resembling  camphor, 
but  found  in  the  bamboo. 

K,  masak :  plaster. 

K,  tohor :  whitewash. 

Ikan  k. :  a  fish  (unidentified) ;  Sh.  Ik. 
Trub.,  12. 

Kaporkan :  to  put  lime  (on  sireh),  Ht.  Hg. 
Tuw.,  100.     Mengapor:  id.;  Ht.  Koris. 

Pekapor:  the  cylindrical  box  in  which  the 
lime  is  kept  in  a  set  of  betel-chewing  requisites. 

i^  kapas,     A  generic  name  for  cultivated  cottons, 
^-^  especidiWy  gossypitwt  herbaceimt.     Sembeleh  ayam 

dengan  pisati,  sembeleh  orang  dengan  kapas: 
slaughter  a  fowl  with  a  knife  and  a  man  with 
cotton ;  an  allusion  to  the  piece  of  cotton 
through  which  the  keris  is  driven  in  a  Malay 
execution  (salang) ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  109. 
Saperti  kapas  yang  di-busor:  like  newly-cleaned 
cotton ;  a  simile  for  extreme  whiteness. 

K,  benggala:  gossypium  herbaceum,  var. 
vitifolium. 

K,  bulan :  xanthophyllmn  rufum, 

K,  hantti :  hibiscus  abelmoschus, 

Buwah  k,:  xanthophyllmn  obscnrum, 

Limau  k. :  the  common  lime-fruit ;  citrus  acida. 

5^  kapis.     (Riau,  Johor.)    A  generic  name  given 
^^  to  several  shells  of  the  genus  pecten^  notably 

pecten  japonicus  and  pecten  pleuronectes.  Also 
(Kedah)  kekapis. 

fyS^   kapus.     Terkapus:    washed    out,   effaced    (of 
^^  inkstains  or  writing  which  has  been  in  contact 

with  water).    Cf.  apus. 


KAPANO 


[    496    ] 


KAEI 


X 


kapang.  I.  Moving  the  arms  and  feet  like 
a  man  treading  water ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  20, 

II.  The  teredo  navaliSy  a  marine  worm  which 
eats  into  ships'  bottoms;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

III.  Matter  adhering  to  the  body  of  a  new- 
born child  ;  (by  metaphor)  covered  with  open 
sores. 

kapong.  Terkapong'kapong :  moving  up  and 
down  with  the  waves ;  =  terapong-apong.  See 
apong. 

kapak.  A  native  hatchet;  an  axe.  Sa-bilah 
kapak  :  one  axe.  Kapak  menelan  beliyong  :  the 
axe  has  swallowed  the  hatchet ;  good  money 
thrown  after  bad  ;  Prov.  Bagai  kapak  masok 
meminang :  an  axe  conducting  marriage 
negotiations ;  an  inappropriately  clumsy 
instrument  for  a  delicate  matter ;  Prov.  Kapak 
naik  pemidangan :  an  axe  on  the  embroidery 
frame ; — a  similar  proverb ;  Pel.  Abd.,  44. 

Bandera  h, :  a  broad  ensign  in  contradistinc- 
tion to  a  pennon. 

Gigi  k. :  large  front  teeth. 

Ular  k. :  a  very  venomous  viperine  snake. 

kapek.  Kopak-kapek :  very  limp  and  pendulous, 
of  the  breasts;  v.  kopak  and  kopek. 

kapok.     I.     Berkapok:  to  enfold  in  the  arms  ; 

to  climb  a  tree  while  enfolding  the  trunk  in 
the  arms. 

11.  Jav.  A  tree  cotton;  the  cotton  of  the 
tree  eriodendron  anfractuosiwi.  Better  kabu-kabu, 

kapal.       Tarn.      A    ship.     Usually       written 
J^  q,  V. 

kapiL     Side  by  side ;  better  keptl,  q.  v. 


Q36  kapan,  I.  [Arab,  o^-  ]  A  shroud;  a 
winding-sheet.  Charek  k, :  ''tear  the  shroud/' 
a  nickname  given  to  the  back  teeth  of  the 
crocodile  from  which  there  is  no  escape. 
Matt  berkapan  chindai:  to  die  in  a  shroud  of 
many  colours;  to  die  for  a  girl  of  rank  (for 
whom  there  is  some  credit  in  dving) ;  Sh.  Pant. 
ShU6. 

Kapankaii :  to  use  as  a  shroud;  Sh.  Kumb. 
Chumb.,  17.  Terkapan:  wrapped  up  in  (a 
winding-sheet);  shrouded  in;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  30. 

II.  (Batav. ;  sometimes  heard  in  Singapore.) 
When  ;  Kam.  Kech.,  14;  =  bila, 

A.5u  kapah.  Nervous  trembling,  quivering,  shud- 
dering.    Better  kapah,  q.  v. 

^O  kapai.  Terkapai'kapai:  idly  flapping,  as  a  flag 
in  a  very  light  breeze;  nervously  moving  or 
twitching  of  the  hands ;  to  fondle  or  caress  ; 
Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.  Terkapai'kapai:  waving  the 
arms,  as  a  drowning  woman  struggling  for  life; 
Ht.  Hamz.,  'j^. 


■^ 


^€' 


kapi.  A  pulley.  It  is  used  especially  of  the 
pulley  upon  which  the  mainsail  of  a  boat  is 
hoisted.  Pechah  kapi  putiis  stiwai  :  the  pulley 
breaks  and  down  comes  the  tackle  (a  man's 
fall  involves  his  dependents) ;  Prov.,  J.  S. 
A.  S.,  XL,  69. 

kakas.  Perkakas  :  instrument,  utensil,  machine. 
P.  rumah:  household  furniture.  Also  (Kedah) 
pe  kakas, 

kakang.  Elder  brother,  elder  sister;  = 
kakanda,  but  confined  to  literature  ;  Ht.  Koris  ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 

Puna-kakang:  my  elder  brother  or  sister; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ; — a  variant  for  kakanda  in 
Javanese  tales. 

kakap.  I.  Ikan  kakap:  a  fish,  lates  nobilis. 
Also  siyakap, 

II.  A  peculiarly  built  pleasure  boat  used  by 
Malay  princes ;  it  has  a  high  prow  and  a  lofty 
stern,  but  a  low  freeboard  at  its  waist.  Perahu 
k. :  id. ;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  10.  K.  naga  :  a  variety 
of  this  type  of  vessel ;  Ht.  Abd.,  220. 

III.  Mata  kakap  :  a  plug  hole  in  the  bottom 
of  a  boat  which  serves  to  let  the  water  run  out 
on  the  boat  being  hauled  ashore. 

IV.  (Kedah.)     Reconnoitring  ;  spying  out. 

kakak.  I.  Elder  brother  or  sister  {hut  abang 
has  practically  superseded  kakak  in  the  former 
sense).  Adek  k, :  younger  and  elder  brothers 
and  sisters;  one's  immediate  relatives;  Ht. 
Abd.,  9,  32,  177.  Besar-nya  hati  kakak  :  you 
are  over-confident,  my  brother ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

II.  Onom.     The  cackling  of  poultry. 

Itek  mengakak  malam  juma'at 
Masok   kampong  Deii)a   Raja; 

Apa  di-kirim  di-dalam  surat  ? 
Chembul    berisi    ayer   mata  : 

the  ducks  were  cackling  on  Thursday  evening 
as  they  entered  the  compound  of  Dewa  Raja, 

III.  Kakak  tuwa  :  the  cockatoo  ;  v.  keketuwa. 

iS  0     kakek.     Grandfather.     Cf.   aki.     Kakek  is  not 

properly  a  Straits  word,  but  is  heard  in 
Singapore  through  Borneo  and  Batavia 
Malays. 

S  0  kaku.  Hardness,  stiffness,  toughness ;  lockjaw. 
Ikan  di-Singaptira  pada  niasa  itu  kaku  dan  keras  : 
Singapore  fish  was  tough  and  hard  in  those 
days;  Ht.  Abd.,  202. 

A".  7?tata  :  stiffness  of  the  eyelids. 

A'.  mnhU  :  difficulty  of  speech. 


;sr 


f^ 


kaki.  Foot ;  the  lowest  part  of  anything  such 
as  the  foot  of  a  mountain ;  the  part  on  which 
anything  rests,  as  the  foundations  of  a  building  ; 
a  foot,  used  as  a  measure  of  length ;  a  numeral 
coefficient  for  flow^ers.  K.  geta:  the  foot  of  a 
bed.     K.  bukit :  the  foot  of  a  hill.     K,  hiUan : 


KALA 


[     497     ] 


KALONG 


J^ 


the  edge  of  a  forest.  K,  tembok  :  the  foundations 
of  a  wall.  Terikat  kaki  tangan  :  bound  hand 
and  foot.  Akan  membasoh  kaki  tangan:  to 
wash  hands  and  feet  with ;  an  idiomatic 
expression  signifying  that  a  thing  is  one's 
absolute  property;  Ht.  Abd.,  397.  Bunga 
bukan  sa-kaki,  knmbang  bnkan  sa-ekor :  flowers 
are  not  unique,  nor  is  there  only  one  bee  (in 
the  world) ;  a  proverbial  expression  based 
upon  the  metaphorical  use  of  the  bee  and  flower 
as  a  type  of  a  lover  and  his  mistress,  and 
signifying  that  ''  there  are  as  good  fish  in  the 
sea  as  ever  came  out  of  it." 

K.  hong  :  a  stake  in  a  Wahweh  lottery.  Tikam 
k,  hong:  to  stake  in  such  a  lottery. 

K,  rambtit :  the  top  of  the  back  of  the  neck  ; 
the  lowest  point  reached  on  the  neck  by  the 
hair. 

Burong  k.  diyan :  a  bird  of  the  sandpiper 
class. 

Ibu  k. :  the  big  toe. 

Jalan  k. :  motion  on  the  feet,  walking.  Yang 
kaya  berkereta,  yang  miskin  bevjalan  kaki : 
the  wealthy  went  in  vehicles,  the  poor  on 
foot ;  Ht.  Abd.,  462. 

Jari  k. :  the  toes. 

Mata  k. :  the  inner  ankle  bone. 

Pergelangan  k,  :  the  ankle. 

Sarong  k. :  stockings,  socks. 

Tapak  k. :  the  sole  of  the  foot, 

Tembiring  k. :  the  outer  edge  of  the  foot. 

Pekaki  layar :  the  boom  of  a  mainsail. 

kala.     I.      [Skr.   kdla^      Time,   epoch,   period 
of  time,  age. 

Barang-kala :  whenever ;  at  whatever  time. 
Bila-kala  and  mana-kala :  id. 

Dahnlu  k,  :  zamdn  dahulu  k. ;  perba  k. ;  and 
zamdn  perba  k. :  the  past ;  past  ages. 

Scdiya  k, :  former  time,  formerly,  time  closely 
preceding.  Saperti  sediya  k.  :  as  before.  Rnpa- 
nya  scdiya  k.  :  its  former  shape.     Also  sedekala. 

Senja-k. :  eventide,  dusk. 

Tatkala  or  tetekala  :  when ;  the  time  when  ; 
that  time.     Pada  tatkala  itn  :  at  that  time, 

II.  A  scorpion.  Di-sengat  k.  :  stung  by  a 
scorpion  ;  Muj.,  4.  Saperti  kala  mencheborkan 
diri-nya  ka-dalam  apt :  as  a  scorpion  plunges 
into  fire ;  a  simile  descriptive  of  blind  fury; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

K,  bangkang :  the  black  forest  scorpion  ;  also 
kala-kala. 

K.  jengkeng :  (Riau,  Johor)  the  common 
house  scorpion ;  also  (Kedah)  k.  lipit. 

K.  lipan  :  the  centipede.    Better  halipan, 

K,  mayar :  the  luminous  millipede.  Better 
kelcmayar. 

Bintang  k. :  a  star  or  constellation  (uniden- 
tified) ;  possibly  Scorpio. 

III.  [Skr,  kala.]  Betam  Kala:  Kala; 
Siva   as  the    Destroyer,    represented   in   old 


^«' 


^"^ 


^^ 


^< 


romances  as  a  maleficent  deity  constantly 
transforming  men  into  animals  and  otherwise 
eifecting  changes  which  lend  sensation  to  the 
story. 

kalat.  I.  Ikan  kalat :  a  fish  (unidentified). 
Also  called  anak  kalat. 

II.  (Kedah.)  Kalat  nipah  :  thdl  portion  of 
the  nipah  leaf  which  is  worthless  for  use  as  a 
cigarette  wrapper. 

III.  (Kedah.)  Tahi  kalat:  dirt  under  the 
prepuce. 

kalut.  The  protrusion  of  the  tongue  of  a 
dying  man  ;  hanging  down ;  exceptional  exten- 
sion. Btiwiit  k. :  to  poke  fun  at  a  man  ;  to  make 
faces  at  him.  Kerjn  herkalnt :  plentiful  and 
continuous  work ;  work  that  allows  no  respite, 
but  keeps  coming  in.  Datang-lah  berahi 
dendam  berkalut :  love  and  passion  came  on 
ever  increasing  in  quantity  ;   Sk.   Panj.  Sg. 

kalas.  I.  The  rattan  thole  fastening  the  oar 
to  the  tholepin  in  boats  of  native^^'construction 
and  local  type. 

II.  [Arab.  (j^.J  Habis  kalas  :  quite  finished, 
altogether  gone  ;  an  intensitive  of  habis. 

kalis.  Inadhesiveness;  inability  to  permeate; 
irrcccptiveness;  impermanence;  ineffectiveness. 
This  word  is  used  of  vapour  on  a  metallic  or 
glass  surface ;  of  medicine  the  effects  of  which 
quickly  pass  away ;  of  love  when  lightly  for- 
gotten ;  etc.  Kalis  bagai  ayer  di-datm  keladi : 
ineffective  as  water  on  a  calladium  leaf;  rolling 
off  like  water  on  a  duck's  back ;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
II.,  152.  Memberi  rindn  dendam  ta' -kalis: 
inspiring  a  love  which  does  not  quickly  pass 
away;Sh.   Panj.  Sg. 


^     kalang.     I.     Orang  kalang :   a  piratical   tribe 
of  the  Orang  Laut. 

II.  (Kedah.)    Kalang  ay  am  :  a  henroost. 

III.  (Kedah.)  Kalang  dada:  giving  addi- 
tional buoyancy  to  a  boat  by  lashing  timbers 
to  its  sides. 


t^ 


t^ 


If 


kaling.     1.     Tinned    iron;  work   in   what    is 
generally  known  as  tin.     Tnkang  k. :  a  tinker. 

II.  Kolang-kaling :  topsy-inrvy,  upside  down  ; 
(Kedah)  a  name  given  to  an  animal  of  the 
loris  kind  which  progresses  along  branches 
while  hanging  from   them  head  downwards ; 

nyciicebm  tardigradus  ? 

kalong.     L     A    metallic    collar    worn   as  an 
ornament  in  the  romantic  ages;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

II.  A  fruit-bat  resembling  the  keluwang, 

III.  Akar  kalong :di  common  wild  pepper, 
the  leaves  of  which  are  sometimes  consumed 
like  sirch  leaves ;  piper  caninwn, 

A  kar  k.  gajah  or  akar  k.  tilar  :  a  large  climbing 
wild  pepper  used  medicinally ;  piper  ribesioides. 


KALAK 


[    498    ] 


KANAN 


f 


kalak.  Songsang-kalak :  topsy-turvy ;  con- 
fusion when  what  is  below  should  be  above, 
and  what  is  above  should  be  below, 

kalek.  Kolak-kalek :  up  and  down  motion ; 
motion  backwards  and  forwards;  Sh.  Lamp.,  33. 

kalok.  I.  Hooked  shape;  a  hook,  crook  or 
curve  in  anything.  Tongkat  b^rkalok:  a 
walking-stick  with  a  crook  at  the  end  of  it. 
Cf.  lok  and  telok. 

II.  (Singapore.)  Cheating  at  cards  or  in  any 
form  of  gambling  ;  unfair  play  ;  card-sharpers' 
tricks. 

III.  (Kedah.)  A  peculiar  sieve  used  for 
winnowing. 

kalam.    I.    [Arab.     U.]    A  pen ;  v.    15. 

11.  Impurities  removed  from  metals  in  the 
process  of  smelting ;  flaws  in  diamonds. 


J  U     kalau.     See  jikalan 


ci^ 


f^ 


kalah.  Defeat,  being  worsted;  getting  the 
worse  of  an  encounter ;  cf.  alah.  Kalah  jadi 
abu,  menang  jadi  arang :  defeat  means  reduction 
to  ashes,  success  means  reduction  to  charcoal 
(Hobson's  choice) ;  Prov.  Menghalahkan :  to 
defeat,  to  reduce  to  subjection  ;  Muj,,  7 ;  better 
mengalahkan. 

kaleh.  Shifting  ;  change  of  position ;  =  aleh, 
q.  V.    Berkaleh  musim :  the  change  of  monsoon. 

kalai.  I.  A  very  venomous  water  insect,  also 
known  (Kedah)  as  the  water  hornet  {tebuwan 
ayer). 

II.  The  scraping  of  pots  and  pans  prepara- 
tory to  replating  or  tinning. 

III.  A  species  offish-trap  used  only  in  fresh 
water. 

kali.  I.  Time,  occasion,  instance.  Yang 
keduwa  kali :  the  second  time,  the  second 
occasion.    Tiga  kali  :  three  times. 

Barang'kali:  perhaps;  on  some  possible 
occasion. 

Sa-kali  :  (i)  once ;  (2)  on  one  occasion,  at  one 
time,  in  one  mass,  altogether.  Baik  sa-kali : 
altogether  good ;  very  good ;  excellent.  Habis 
sa-ftd/i  .-altogether  finished.  Sa-kalikali  :  an 
intensitive  ofsa-kali;  most  exceedingly.  Tiyada 
sa-kali-kali :  by  no  possible  means ;  in  no 
possible  way  (a  very  strong  negation).  Sa-kali- 
pim :  although,  yet. 

Sakaliyan  :  all. 

kama.  [Skr.  Kama.]  The  Hindu  God  of 
Love.  Betara  Kama  Jaya  :  id.,  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 
(where  he  is  represented  as  the  lover  of  the 
nymph  Sekerba).  K^rma  Wijaya  is  a  variant 
of  Kama  Jaya,  "  Love,  the  conqueror.'* 


'U     kamat.      The    last    call    to    prayer;    Arab. 

4j\}\ ,  q-  V. 

,^    kamit.     KomaUkamit :  the  movements  of  the 
mouth  in  speaking  or  eating  ;   Ht.  Abd.,   104. 

4^5     kamar.     [Dutch  :  kamer.]     A  room ;  a  cabin. 


K,   loteng :  an  upstairs  room. 
jaS     kamir.     [Arab.      i.  .]     Leaven. 


^^O     kamek.     Komak-kamek :  mouthing;  =  komat- 
kamit,  V.   komat, 

^  liO     kijnil.     Arab.   Complete,   fulfilled ;     Ht.   Sh. 
^  Mard. 

a^u  kamu.  You.  Kamti  sakaliyan  :  you  all.  Kamu 
is  often  contracted  to  mu. 

^U  kami.  We  (the  speaker's  party  in  contradis- 
tinction to  the  party  addressed) ;  we,  in  the 
sense  of  the  French  nous  autres.  Jikalau  kami 
keduwa  tinggalkan  kapada-mu  beberapa  banyak 
herta  :  if  we  two  (your  parents)  were  to  leave 
you  any  quantity  of  property ;  Ht.  Abd.,  43. 

Kami  is  sometimes  used  as  a  pronoun  of  the 
first  person  singular ;  when  so  used  it  is  more 
distant  than  aku* 

Kalau  tuwan  mudek   ka-Jambi 
Ambilkan   sehaya   buwah  delima; 

Jika   tuwan   kasehkan  kami, 

Bawakan    sehaya  pergi   bersama: 

if,  my  lord,  you  really  love  me,  take  me,  your 
servant,  along  with  you;  Cr.  Gr.,  33. 


.  ^  kana.     [  Jav. :  the  arm.  ]     Gelang  kana:  large 
^  hollow    bangles    worn   on   the    lower 

Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ;  Ht,  Sh. ;  Ht.   Ind 

Bakht.,  10. 


arm; 
Nata ;  Ht. 


\^  kanar.     Buwah  kanar :  a  fruit  (unidentified). 
i*V<^  kanang.   The  name  ofa  tree  (unidentified);  Kl. 

•j^  kanak.     Kanak-kanak :  a  child,  a  very  young 

boy  or  girl.     Sngkau  lagi  kanak-kanak  :  you 
are  still  a  child.   Cf.  anak. 


,vO    kanan.    The 


•au  tkt3bu.cbjjL,  xiic  right,  the  right-hand  side. 
Tangan  k, :  the  right  hand.  Bentara  k,  :  the 
herald  who  stands  on  the  raja's  right-hand  side. 

Langkah  k. :  (literally)  a  step  to  the  right ;  to 
turn  up  punctually. 

Kanankan :  to  put  on  one*s  right-hand  side ; 
to  keep  on  one's  right ;  to  pass  to  the  left  of. 
Maka-kami  kanankan4ah  A  dan:  we  left  Aden 
on  our  right;  Pel.  Abd.,  141. 


KAUT 


[    499     ] 


KAYA 


^^ 


r 


:..< 


o^ 


^^ 


^ 


kaut.  Scraping  towards  oneself;  peeling  any- 
thing with  the  blade  turned  towards  oneself; 
scraping  or  drawing  in. 

Mengaut :  (Kedah)  to  heap  up  the  mown  grass 
on  the  dykes  (batas)  separating  the  padi-fields 
when  those  fields  are  being  cleared  for  cultiva- 
tion. Tajak  kaiit :  the  scythe-like  implement 
with  which  this  is  done. 

kawat.  (Singapore  from  Batavian  Malay.) 
Metallic  thread ;  wire ;  copper  wire  ;  =  dawai. 
Baik-lah  kita  membuwat  jerat  kawat :  well,  let 
us  make  a  running  noose  of  wire ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Nata. 
Surat  kawat :  (rare)  a  telegram. 

kawit.     I.     A  fish  (unidentified). 

II.  (Riau.)  Family  connection  ;  the  position 
of  people  who  have  common  relatives,  but  are 
not  themselves  actually  related  by  blood. 


J^ 


|U     kawar.     (Kedah.)    A  thief.     Cf.   gawar. 


kaus.    I.  =  ^f,  q.  V. 
II.     Eng.   A   couch,  a  sofa. 

kaung.  An  edible  fresh-water  fish  (unidenti- 
fied); Kl.,   Pijn.,  V.  d.  W. 

kawang.  Minyak  kawang  :  the  fat  of  the  tree 
diplocnemia  sebifera.  Also  minyak  tengkawang 
and  (Kedah)  minyak  chenoL 

kaup.  Scraping  or  drawing  towards  oneself ; 
a  variant  of  kaut,  q.  v. 


kaul.    = 


=  Jy 


q.  V. 


<JJ 


r 


kawal.  Tarn.  A  watchman,  a  sentry, 
watching.  Holanda  itti-ptm  terlalu  keras  kawal- 
nya  :  the  watch  kept  by  the  Dutch  was  very 
strict ;  Ht.  Abd.,  lOO.  Bnwah  kawal :  a  pro- 
tecting piece,  at  chess. 

Kawalan  :  a  watch ;  a  guard  of  watchmen  ; 
a  patrol ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

Berkawal :  on  the  watch ;  to  be  employed  on 
sentry  duty. 

Mengawal :  to  watch.  M,  istana  :  to  stand 
sentinel  over  a  palace;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  M. 
daripada  kejahatan:  to  guard  from  evil ; 
Muj.,  90. 

Mengawali  :  to  watch  over  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 

kawan.  A  company  ;  a  party ;  one  of  a  party 
in  relation  to  the  others ;  accompaniment;  a 
companion;  (by  extension  of  meaning)  a  friend; 
*'  friend,''  as  a  term  of  address  used  somewhat 
condescendingly  by  a  raja  when  addressing  an 
old  man,  or  familiarly  by  one  old  man  when 
addressing  another.  K.  gajah :  a  herd  of 
elephants.  K.  kambing :  a  flock  of  goats. 
K.  jalan:  a  roadside  acquaintance.  K,  perahu  : 
a  shipmate.     K,  phtyamun  :  a  band  of  robbers. 


O^ 


^ 


Saperti  harimau  masok  kawan  kambing  rupa- 
nya  :  looking  like  a  tiger  entering  a  flock  of 
sheep  ;  a  simile  for  the  effect  produced  by  a 
hero's  attack  on  his  enemies ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
Saperti  kawan  lebah  menchari  sarang  :  like  a 
swarm  of  bees  seeking  their  nest ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng. 

Sa-kawan :  one  group ;  forming  one  group ; 
together. 

Papan  A.  :  a  plank  on  the  side  of  a  boat 
between  the  apit  lempang  and  the  pisang- 
pisang. 

Mengawankan  :  to  accompany ;  Ht.  Abd.,  9 ; 
Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  21. 

kawin..     L      Kekawin:    poetic    narrative;    v. 

kawi. 

II.  Tombak  pengawinan :  a  state  pike,  the 
blade  of  which  is  of  a  wavy  pattern  like  the 
blades  of  certain  forms  of  the  keris, 

in.     Marriage  ;v.  kdwtn. 


A  large  iron    cauldron   for  boiling 
sugar ;   a    cauldron   generally ;    (by 


oaO    kawah. 

sago   or 

simile)  the  crater  of  a  volcano ;  the  vortex  of  a 
whirlpool.     Lobok  k. :  the   name   given  to  an 
extinct  crater  in  the  Lingga  archipelago. 
Orang  tuwa  bongkok   tnenggelisak   gadoh, 
Kena  serekup  di-bawah  kawah : 

a  humpbacked  old  man  was  starting  a  row 
when  a  cauldron  was  stuck  as  an  extinguisher 
over  him. 


'^i 


r 


the     old     poetic 
a   poetic  narra- 


O-.} 


^ 


kawi,  I.  Behasa  kawi : 
language  of  Java.  Kekawin 
tive ;   Ht.  Mas  Ed, 

IL  Red-brown.  Batu  ftaze'z :  manganese  or 
cinnabar. 

III.  Besi  kawi :  an  iron  believed  to  possess 
supernatural  hardness;  cf.  besi  khersani 
(Khorassan  iron). 

kawin.  Pars.  Marriage  ;  wedding.  Minas  k, : 
the  mahr  or  dowry  (in  the  Muhammadan 
sense);  the  settlements  made  by  a  bridegroom 
on  a  bride ;  Simb.  Ch.,  13;  Pel.  Abd.,  131. 
Often  written  kahwht. 


^  kahar.    See    ^v^  . 

iftO     kahang.        strong-smelling,      rancid.      Also 
C7  kohong, 

(jAO     kahin.     Arab.     A  pagan  priest  or  wizard. 

icv  kaya.  I.  Wealth;  power.  Buleh-lah  kaya 
segala  orang  misMn  dalam  Melaka  :  all  the  poor 
of  Malacca  will  be  able  to  become  rich ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  55. 

Pisang  raya  masak  seraya, 
Pisang  raja   masak   di-hnjong ; 

Orang  kaya  sama  kaya, 

Orang  miskin   membawa  untong : 


KAIT 


[    500    ] 


KAYAU 


J< 


the  wealthy  will  consort  with  the  wealthy, 
and  the  poor  must  bear  their  own  hard  lot ; 
Prov. 

Orang  k, :  (i)  a  rich  man  ;  (2)  a  Malay  title 
given  to  a  headman  with  delegated  and  not 
independent  power ;  a  vassal  or  tributary  chief. 

Tuhanyangk.:  God  Almighty;  Sh.  Ibl.,  i. 
Ildhi  rabbi  yang  amat  k. :  id. ;  Sh.  Nas.,  14. 
Kekayaan  Tiihan :  the  Almighty  Power  of 
God;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  61. 

II.  Buwah  seri  kaya :  the  bullock's  heart 
fruit,  anona  squamosa  :  also  buwah  sireh  kaya, 
Puitit  seri  kaya  :  a  Mala\'  cake,  v.  piihit, 

kait.  Hooked  ;  a  hook  :  a  barb ;  seizure  and 
retention  by  thorns  or  barbed  points;  the 
clinging  of  thorns  as  distinct  from  their 
scratching.  Di~kait  onak-onak  dan  diiri  :  caught 
by  thorns  and  prickly  plants ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  30. 
Saperti  kambing  di~kait  harimau  :  like  a  sheep 
caught  in  the  claws  of  a  tiger ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
Berkait  kelingking :  with  little  fingers  inter- 
locked (of  the  bride  and  bridegroom  sitting  in 
state).     CL  kais  ^xiA  kaiL 

Mengait :  to  catch  with  a  barb  or  hook;  Sh. 
Lamp.,  37. 

X*^  kais.     Grabbing,  clutching  at ;   scratching  up, 
^*-^  as  fowls  scratch  up  the  earth  in  search  of  worms. 

^_„|^\>  kayap.  A  dangerous  eruptive  disease.  K.  api, 
K,  ayer,  k,  badak,  k.  barah,  k,  gajah,  k.  kala, 
k.  kepala  harimau,  k,  tnnggal,  and  k,  tdar  : 
varieties  of  this  disease. 


y^ 


kail.  I.  Anghng ;  fishing  with  a  hook  and 
line.  Tali  k, :  a  line.  Mata  k. :  a  hook.  Kail 
sa-bentok,  timpan-nya  sa-ekor ;  sa-kali  ptitns 
sa-hari  berhanyut :  one  hook  and  one  bait ;  one 
breakage  and  you  waste  the  day  in  aimless 
drifting ; — it  is  false  economy  to  have  no  reserve 
for  accidents ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  IL,  152. 

Mengail:  to  fish  ;  Sej.  MaL,  102  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  229. 

Pengail :  engaged  in  fishing;  a  fisherman, 
Sej.  Mai.,  102.  Perahup.:  a  fishing-boat; 
Ht.  Abd.,  213,  459. 

1 1.  Kail-kail :  a  sore  throat  accompanied  by 
pain  in  swallowing.     Also  sakit  kekaiL 

kayal.  Intoxicated ;  a  colloquial  variant  of 
(Arab.)    JU.,q.v. 

kayul.  Spoilt  by  moisture  and  age,  of 
tobacco;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

kain.  Cloth  ;  a  garment ;  the  garment  know^n 
in  the  Straits  as  a  sarong.  Ta'-mahu  koyak 
kulit,  koyak  kain  mahu  jitga  :  he  won't  risk  his 
skin,  but  he  will  risk  his  clothes ;  selfish  half- 
heartedness ;  Prov.  Kain  ta'-bertepi :  a  garment 
without  an  edge  to  it;  hypocritical  unreahty; 
Prov.  Laksana  hain  patch  :  like  a  white  piece 
of  cloth  (which  can  be  dyed  any  colour) ;  a 
mind  open  to  any  influence  ;  Prov.  K,  lama 
di'Champak  buwang,  kain  beharu  pula  di-chari  : 


sarongs  used  as 


he  has  thrown  away  his  own  clothes  and  is 
looking  for  new ;  he  has  discarded  his  wife 
and  is  on  the  look  out  for  a  new  one ;  Prov. 
K,  panjang  empat  di4arek  ka-atas  ka-bawah 
ia'-sampai  :  a  quilt  four  feet  long,  if  you  draw 
it  up  (to  cover  your  chest)  you  are  left  uncovered 
below  ;  unsatisfactory  as  a  man  who  cannot  be 
put  on  one  duty  without  neglecting  others; 
Prov. 

A",  baju  :  clothing  generally. 

K,  basah  or  k,  basahan  :  old 
bathing  clothes. 

A",  betek  :  painted  sarongs  of  Javanese  make. 

A.  bebat :  swaddling  clothes. 

K.  berantai :  chain  mail. 

A.  chita  :  flowered  chintz. 

Kepala  k, :  a  peculiar  portion  of  a  Malay 
sarong  differing  in  pattern  from  the  rest. 

Jp     kayu.     Wood,   wooden ;    anything    made    of 
-^  wood  ;  if  the  context  shows  what  the  object  is, 

e.  g.,  memanjat  k, :  to  climb  a  tree ;  di-paln-nya 
dengan  kayu :  he  struck  him  with  a  stick. 
Kayu  is  also  used  as  a  unit  of  measurement 
for  cloth,  a  kayn  being  a  roll  of  cloth  of 
varying  length. 

A.  api :  firewood. 

A.  chagak  :  the  forked  rest  of  a  swivel-gun. 

A.  geharn  :  a  scented  wood,  aquilaria 
malaccensis, 

A.  gelam  :  see  infra. 

A.  manis  :  cinnamon.  A  kar  k.  manis :  a  plant, 
acacia  pinnata. 

A.  puteh :  the  cajeput  oil  tree,  melalenca 
leucodendron.     Also  k.  gelam, 

A.  semangat  padi :  (Kedah)  a  fine  soft  wood 
used  for  cabinet  work. 

A.  fas :  a  wood  believed  to  have  the  property 
of  frightening  away  wild  animals  ;  the  wood  of 
Kurrimia  pannicidata . 

A.  tiga  sa-kambu  :  a  sort  of  native  three  card 
trick  played  with  sticks  of  unequal  length. 

Akar  k,:  a  creeping  or  climbing  plant. 

Ayer k, :  wood  and  water;  supplies  for  ships. 

Batang  A. ;  a  log,  a  tree  trunk. 

Datm  k. :  a  leaf. 

Kulit  k, :  bark  (of  trees). 

Pohun  k, ,  ov  pokok  A. ;  a  tree. 

KayU'kayuwan  :  bits  of  wood  ;  pieces  of  wood ; 
all  kinds  of  trees ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Sej.  Mai.,  25. 
Meramu  kayuwan :  to  pick  up  fallen  pieces 
of  wood  in  the  jungle  for  use  as  firewood ;  Sh. 
Lail.  Mejn.,  40. 


jj 


< 


kayau.  I.  Inundation,  when  it  covers  places 
not  usually  reached  by  water  and  in  contradis- 
tinction to  the  regular  flooding  of  the  padi 
fields  in  the  wet  season, 

II.  Dyak  head-hunting;  the  cutting   off  of 
heads  as  trophies. 

III.  (Kedah.)  Noisy.    Kayau  mulut'nya:he 
is  noisy  in  speech ;  =  (Riau)  riyoh  mulut-nya. 


KAIH 


[    501    ] 


k£bil 


4jS  kstih.  (Penang.)  The  process  of  fishing  out 
with  a  piece  of  wood  anything  fallen  into  dirt 
into  which  one  does  not  like  to  thrust  the 
hand.     Cf.  kais. 

AjS  kayoh.  Paddling ;  the  use  of  the  paddle. 
Berkayoh :  to  paddle  (intransitive).  Malu 
bSrkayoh  ph'ahu  hanyut :  while  you  are  ashamed 
to  paddle  the  boat  goes  drifting  down  the 
stream  ;  false  modesty  or  procrastination  only 
makes  a  difficulty  worse  ;  Prov. 
Kayohkan:  to  paddle  (transitive);  Ht.  Hg. 
Tuw.,  6g. 

Kemayoh,  or  (more  commonly)  pengayoh :  a 
paddle;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  8.  Apa  gadohkan, 
pengayoh  sama  dt4angan  perahu  sama  di-ayer : 
why  should  we  dispute,  we  have  the  same 
paddle  in  hand  and  the  same  boat  in  the  river ; 
our  interests  are  identical  and  the  worst  thing 
we  can  do  is  to  oppose  each  other ;  Prov- 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  21.  Awak  mengambil 
pengayoh,  sehaya  sudah  sampai  sa-berang :  while 
you  are  getting  hold  of  the  paddle,  I  have  got 
across  the  stream ;  a  proverbial  reproach  to  a 
dawdler;  see  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  114. 

w^w     kab§.b.     [Pers.  and  Hind.,  id.]     Small  pieces 
of  meat  roasted  on  a  spit ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  32. 

\,\j^    kSbabal.     Hhe     young     half-grown     nangka 
^'  '         or  chempedak  fruit. 


\S    kgbasi.     A  fish  (unidentified). 


^V5  kSbahi.  J  a  v.  A  petty  village  official.  Kebahi 
kebayan :  petty  village  officials  generally ; 
Ht.  Sh. 


^V5     kfibaya.     [Port,  cabaya,]     Baju  kebaya :  a  long 
-    '         outer  garment  worn  by  Malay,  Eurasian  and 
Straits-born     Chinese    women;     Sh.    Kamp. 
Boy.,  13. 

^\S    kSbayan.      I.      Jav.      An    order;  a     village 
^^  *        regulation ;   a  village  headman  ;  Ht.  Sh.    Cf. 

kebahi, 

II.  Nenek  kebayan:  a  sort  of  old  granny  or 
fairy  godmother  who  plays  a  considerable  part 
in  Malay  romances  as  the  somewhat  lax 
guardian  of  lovely  princesses. 


r 


J' 


^ 


kfibat.  Tied,  wound  round,  enfolding  (in  one 
fold).    Cf.  bibat. 

kgbar.  Shaking  a  stick  in  water  to  frighten 
fish  and  drive  them  towards  nets  or  fish-traps; 
cf.  kibar  and  gembor, 

kfebor,  (Johor.)  To  clean  a  well  by  stirring 
up  the  water  and  bringing  the  dirt  to  the 
surface. 


<i^     Mbriyah.      Arab.      Greatness,      haughtiness, 
pride. 

yS^  kSbas.     I.    (Riau,  Johor.)    The  act  of  shaking 
^■"^       a  cloth  vigorously  so  as  to  shake  out  dust  or 
water  from  it ;  (Kedah)  keribas. 

II.  Deadened,  paralyzed  ;  loss  of  sensation 
as  the  result  of  injury  or  disease.  Di-kebaskan 
uleh  ikan  itu  tangan-nya  :  his  hand  was  para- 
lysed by  the  fish  (a  ray) ;  Ht.  Abd.,  230. 

III.  KebaS'kebus :  (Onom.)  the  sound 
given  out  by  a  new  stiff  sarong  as  its  wearer 
bustles  about  a  room.  Also  (frequentative) 
gerebuS'gerebas, 


of 


jr 


y 


kSbus.     Kebas-kebiis  :  see  kebas. 

kSbek.     Slightly  awry,  as  a  man's  mouth  when 

his  tongue  is   against  his  cheek.     Cf.  chebek 
and  sebek, 

kSbok.      I.      (Kedah.)      Assembly,      meeting 

together ;  gathered  in  a  group. 

II.  A  hollow  cylinder  used  in  making  laksa 
or  kuhi  mayang, 

kfibal.  Impenetrability  of  the  flesh;  invul- 
nerability. 

K,  daging:  impenetrability  confined  to  the 
flesh  only,  the  skin  remaining  vulnerable. 

A',  katak  puni :  v.  infra. 

K,  kulit  nangka  :  invulnerability  due  to  the 
hardness  of  the  skin,  the  flesh  remaining 
penetrable.    Also  k,  nangka  and  ft.  katak  ptiru, 

K.  minyak :  invulnerability  due  not  to  the 
hardness  but  to  the  slipperiness  of  the  skin 
which  causes  weapons  to  glide  off  it  without 
doing  harm. 

A',  nangka  :  v.  supra. 

K.  pakan :  invulnerability  by  the  use  of 
magical  drugs  or  formulae  which  cause  an 
opponent's  weapons  to  miss  their  mark  or 
break  to  pieces  before  contact  with  the  flesh 
which  otherwise  remains  vulnerable. 

K,  penimbul :  invulnerability  caused  by  some- 
thing intercepting  the  blow  beneath  the 
epidermis.  K,  penimbul  raksa :  invulnerability 
caused  by  the  subcutaneous  injection  of  quick- 
silver. This  mercury  is  believed  to  be  attracted 
instantaneously  to  any  spot  where  iron  or  steel 
enters  the  body  and  to  interpose  a  barrier  to 
its  further  progress. 

K.  samptd :  the  invulnerability  obtained, 
according  to  Malay  belief,  by  people  who  are 
born  with  a  complete  caul  if  that  caul  is 
preserved  and  eaten  by  them.  The  body  is 
believed  in  such  cases  to  be  exempted  not  only 
from  the  possibility  of  injury  during  life  but 
even  from  decay  after  death. 

kSbil.  The  blinking  of  an  absent-minded  man  ; 
the  far  away  look  and  sleepy  movements  of  the 
eyes  of  a  man  who  is  wrapped  in  thought  and 
pays  no  attention  to  his  surroundings. 


63 


K&BAM 


[      502      ] 


kStang 


^ 


of 


of 


k^bam.  I.  Dark-coloured ;  smoky  or  leaden- 
looking,  of  the  sky. 

II.  Kebam  hibir :  to  turn  the  lips  inward  so 
that  they  cease  to  be  visible ;  cf.  kUam  and 
ketap, 

kSban.  (Malacca.)  A  sort  of  work-basket. 
Tudongk.:  the  lid  of  a  work-basket;  J.  S. 
A.  S.,  VIIL,  126. 


kgbin. 

keban. 


(Kedah.)     A  work-basket;  (Malacca) 


u9 


y^  k6bun.  A  plantation  or  garden  when  properly 
fenced  in  and  enclosed.  Tukang  k. :  (Straits 
Settlements)  a  gardener.  Berkebtm  :  to  work 
in  a  garden ;  to  be  a  gardener ;  Ht.  Abd.,  367, 
Chinchin  konang-konang  sa-kebun  :  a  ring  set 
with  a  large  stone  in  a  circlet  of  smaller  stones 
thus  giving  it  a  very  glittering  appearance ; 
Ht.  Koris. 


i^ 


^ 


kgbuli.  [Pers.  and  Hind.;  the  adjective  of 
Kabul  in  Afghanistan.]  Na^i  kebuli  :  rice  cooked 
in  the  Afghan  way ;  a  rich  preparation  of  rice. 
Also  nasi  minyak  and  nasi  kembtdi, 

kdbah.  I.  Breaking  into  perspiration  ;  com- 
mencing to  sweat  profusely  during  fever, — 
considered  a  hopeful  sign  by  Malays  as 
indicating  a  lowering  of  the  temperature  of 
the  body.  Kebah  demam  sekarang  iya  pergi 
mengadap  :  his  temperature  is  reduced  and  he 
is  now  going  to  the  king's  presence;  Ht.  Best. 
II.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Kebah  raksa :  rubbing 
quicksilver  into  the  skin  (under  the  knee-joint 
in  treating  elephantiasis  or  over  the  lymphatic 
glands  for  hydrocele) ;  Muj.,  70.  Also  (Kedah) 
gosok  raksa, 

kabir.     Arab.     Great,  mighty,  powerful. 

e^;^     kebirah.     Castrated  ;  an  eunuch  ;  Ht.  Hamz., 
67.     Usually  kebiri  or  kembiri, 

iSJ)^     kSbiri.      Gelding,      castration.       Ayam  h :   a 
capon.    Ktida  k. :  a  gelding.     Also  kembiri. 


^ 


%    kabisat.     Arab.     Leap-year. 


^^^  kut.     (Penang.)     Perhaps,,  possibly. 
U^  kfita.     A  couch  ;  more  commonly  geia,  q.  v. 

\j5     kit§,b.     Arab.     A   writing;  a  book;  Scripture. 

"^  K.   highat:    a    vocabulary;    Ht.   Abd., g.     K. 

kdmus :  an    encyclopedia,  a   dictionary.     K, 

nahu  :  a  treatise   on  grammar ;  Ht.    Abd.,  142. 

Sa-buwah  k, :  one  book,  a  book. 


d"^ 


Arab.     **  Connected  with  the  Scrip- 
a  name  applied  by  Muhammadans  to 


kitabi 

tures,' 

followers  of  religions  which  accept  part  at  least 
of  the  books  reverenced  by  the  Muhammadan 
world  as  sacred,  but  which  do  not  accept  the 
Koran;  Jews  and  Christians. 


J 


,v^ 


^<r 


kStara.  Jav.  Visible,  obvious,  plain.  Nyata 
k. :  positively  clear ;  very  evident. 

Bintang  Timor  gelaran   Ztihrahy 
Petang  di-mashrtk   iya   ketara : 

the  Star  of  the  East  bears  the  name  of  Venus ; 
it  may  be  seen  at  evening  in  the  Orient. 
Ketaraan :  visibility ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  381. 

kStarap.     A  fish  (unidentified). 

kStapang.  The  Indian  almond;  terminalia 
catappa, 

kdtageh.  Craving  (for  opium,  tobacco,  or 
drink)  ;  v.  tageh, 

kfitanah.  A  tree  (unidentified) ;  it  resembles 
the  medang. 

kStaya.  A  kind  of  torch-holder  consisting  of 
a  bamboo  split  at  one  extremity  so  as  to 
permit  of  a  torch  being  held  there. 

kgtayap.  (Kedah.)  A  little  white  skull-cap 
worn  under  a  turban. 

Knweh  k  :  a  sweetmeat  made  of  flour,  coco- 
nut milk,  coco-nut  sugar,  etc. 

kStat.  Tight-fitting,  close-fitting,  of  things 
which  fit  into  orifices,  e,  g.,  of  the  cork  in  a 
bottle  or  of  a  mast  in  its  truck.  Pakaiyan  k, : 
tights. 


ketit.     (Kedah.)     Sa-ketit  : 
quantity  of  anything. 


a   pinch,    a   small 


k6tar.  I.  Quivering  or  nervous  tremors  such 
as  afflict  an  extremely  aged  or  weak  man  ;  the 
convulsive  movements  of  a  dying  man  or  of  a 
corpse  immediately  after  death  ;  shivering  with 
cold.     Terketar-ketar :  id.;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

II.     Slightly  rancid  to  the  taste. 

kStor.  A  spittoon  as  used  by  chewers  of  betel ; 
a  cuspidore  or  state  spittoon  borne  as  one  of 
the  appurtenances  of  royalty;  Sej.  Mai.,  92  ; 
Ht.  Koris. 

K.  ayer :  a  stagnant  pool ;  Ht.  Best. 
$j^      kutSri.     The  cabin  in  an  Arab  trading  vessel. 


^ 


O*^' 


<r 


f 


kStis.  A  sudden  jerk  with  the  finger,  arm  or 
leg ;  to  fling  off  anything  with  a  jerk ;  to  jerk 
off.  In  Kedah,  ketis  is  used  of  a  jerk  with  the 
leg  only. 

kfitang.  I.  Tightly  closing  round  or  over 
anything, — as  the  cover  of  a  jam-pot  is  drawn 
tightly  over  the  mouth  to  prevent  the  passage 
of  air.  Ketang  ka-dada :  drawn  tight  over  the 
breast,  of  the  sarong  as  worn  by  Malay  women 
bathing  or  in  the  house,  Cf.  chekang  and 
tegang, 

II.     Covered  with  a  sticky  substance,  as  the 
fingers  after  being  dipped  into  syrup. 


k£tino 


[  503  ] 


k£:tam 


if 


kSting.  That  portion  of  the  leg  which 
covers  the  tendon  A  chillis*  Urat  A. :  the  tendon 
A  chillis.   Mengeting :  to  cut  the  tendon  A  chillis. 

k§tong.  I.  Onom.  A  sound  such  as  that 
given  out  by  a  drum  or  hollow  wooden  block 
when  struck  violently. 

II.  Semut  ketong :  a  venomous  jungle  ant. 

III.  (Kedah.)  The  stump  left  when  a  branch 
or  limb  is  cut.  K,  ekor  :  the  stump  of  a  tail 
in  a  horse  or  dog.  Mengetong :  to  cut 
mengkuwang, 

^Jl^  kfitengkang.     The  hermit-crab;    more  com- 
C[/^        monly  timang-iimang. 


^ 


^ 


^ 


kStangkai.     A  marine  fish  (unidentified). 

kStfengga.  (Kedah).  Kayu  ketengga :  a.  very 
beautiful  wood  ;  a  kind  of  ebony. 

kStap.  Mengctap  bibir :  to  bite  the  lips. 
Mengerat-ngerat  gigi-nya  dan  mengctap -ngetap 
bibir-nya :  grinding  their  teeth  and  biting  their 
lips  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub,  Cf.  also  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  28. 

ketip.  I.  The  biting  or  stinging  of  a  small 
insect  other  than  a  very  venomous  one ;  nip- 
ping or  holding  gently  between  the  teeth  (less 
than  ketap,  q.  v.)  as  a  man  sometimes  sucks  or 
bites  the  point  of  a  thumb  or  finger.  Di-ketip 
nyamok  :  bitten  by  a  mosquito.  Di-ketip  lintah: 
bitten  by  leeches.  Di-ketip  belut :  bitten  by 
an  eel.  Mengetipkan  jari:  to  hite  one's  finger  ; 
Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  35. 

Main  ketip-ketip  semnt :  a  game  played  by 
Malay  children  who  place  their  hands  one  on 
each  other,  the  upper  hand  pinching  the  lower 
which  in  its  turn  becomes  the  upper  and 
pinches  its  former  tormentor. 

II.  The  name  sometimes  given  (Singapore) 
to  the  smallest  silver  piece  in  actual  currency. 

ketak.     I.     (Onom.)     A  ticking  sound,  duller 

than  keteky  but  more  distinct  than  ketok, 

IL  A  crease  in  the  folds  of  the  skin ;  a 
furrow  or  wrinkle  (more  distinct  than  retak, 
which  is  merely  a  line  such  as  the  lines  on  the 
hands  or  fingers).  Leher-nya  jinjang  berketak 
tiga :  her  neck  was  tapering  and  contained 
three  furrows  (considered  a  good  sign) ;  Ht. 
Gh.,  Ht.  Koris. 

k6tek.     I.     (Onom.)     A     ticking     sound ;    cf. 

ketak. 

IL  (Riau,  Johor.)  The  longest  pair  of  legs 
in  insects  of  the  grass-hopper  type ;  (Kedah) 
keteh. 


*jC  kStok.  I.  (Onom.)  A  sound  such  as  that 
of  the  rapping  of  knuckles  on  a  wooden  surface ; 
tapping;  the  note  of  certain  birds.  Ayani 
berketok  :  the  clucking  of  a  hen  after  laying  an 
egg.  Mengetok  pintu:  to  rap  at  a  door;  Ht. 
Md.  Hanaf.,  83. 


s^ 
j^ 


II.  (Onom.  ?)  The  name  of  a  small  bronze 
instrument  of  the  gong  type ;  Cr.  Hist.  Ind. 
Arch.,    I.,  336. 

III.  A  rice-chest;  Kl. 


kgtdki.     (Kedah.) 
teka'-teki. 


Riddling  ;  =  (Riau,  Johor) 


^ 


^ 


f 


k^tSgar.  Obstinacy  ;  innate  wilfulness.  Hati- 
nya  banyak  ketegar :  they  were  of  a  very 
determined  disposition  ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

Ikat  pagar   tali  aka}% 

Pagar   rebah  di4epi  perigi; 

Orang  ketegar  jangan   di-ajar, 
Perangai   ta'-buleh  ubah   lagi: 

do  not  attempt  to  instruct  the  obstinate,  their 
dispositions  are  beyond  all  change. 

k6tiL  Pinching,  nipping;  pinching  off;  a 
pinch,  a  small  portion  of  anything,  Bagai 
belut  di'ketil  ekor :  like  an  eel  the  tail  of  which 
has  been  nipped  (off  like  lightning) ;  Prov., 
Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  10. 

kStul.  A  piece;  a  clot;  a  hardish  lump  of 
anything ;  a  lump  made  up  of  grains  of  rice 
adhering  to  one  another ;  a  lump  (of  dough) ; 
a  loaf  (of  bread) ;  a  clot  (of  blood) ;  a  thick 
piece  (of  firewood) . 

ketelum.  [Tamil  kottalam  ?  ]  A  bulwark,  a 
bastion  of  a  fort ;  Ht.  Abd.,  56. 

kStam.  I.  A  plane  for  smoothing  wood; 
the  process  or  act  of  planing.  Ada-pun  batu- 
batu  itu  terlalu  lichin  dengan  rata -nya  saperti 
di-ketam  rupa-nya :  the  stones  were  very  slippery 
and  smooth  as  though  they  had  been  planed ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  56.    Tahi  k, :  shavings. 

K,  jantan,  k.  betina^  k,  lis,  k,  chuchi,  k,  perapat : 
different  native  tools  of  the  plane  type. 

II.  The  time  of  harvest;  (sometimes)  har- 
vesting.    Pengetaman :  id. 

Orang  di-ladang  mengetam  padi, 
Padi   di-ketam  di-makan  pipit; 

A  bang  di4aroh  di-dalam-nya  halt, 
M  mar  oh  gondah   bukan  sadikit : 

the  men  in  the  field  were  harvesting  the  padi, 
but  the  harvested  padi  was  borne  off  by  the 
birds. 

III.  A  generic  name  for  crabs.  K.  renjong, 
k.  pasiry  k,  batn  :  varieties  of  the  crab.  Lumpor 
k, :  mud  full  of  crab-holes  such  as  is  often  seen 
in  mangrove  swamps;  Ht.  Abd.,  204,  228. 
Bersepii  bnkan  ketam  :  with  pincers,  yet  not  a 
crab.  Mengambil  k. :  to  go  crab-catching;  Sej. 
MaL,  45. 

K.  kemudi :  a  peculiar  oval  block  with  two 
holes  in  it  used  with  the  native  rudder  (kemudi 
sepak) . 

Kobak  k. :  a  triangular  rent  in  a  piece  of  cloth. 

Ketam  is  also  used  of  a  pinching  grip  when 
the  whole  hand  is  used. 


kStumbit 


[  504  ] 


k£tiyak 


li* ^r'^ 


C: 


k3tlimbit.  I.  A  common  white-flowered 
herb,  leiwa%  zeylanica,  much  used  in  the  treat- 
ment of  skin  diseases.  Also  called  datm  luka- 
luka, 

K.  jantan :  Si  groundsel  with  pink  flowers; 
emilia  sonchifolia. 

K,  padang  :  a  weed ;  blainvillea  latifolia, 

II.     (Kedah.)     A  stye  in  the  eye. 

kStximbar.  Tam.  Coriander,  coriandrum 
sativum;  Kam.  Kech.,  9;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  10; 
Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  14. 

K.  hiitan  :  (Malacca)  a  shrub  with  buff  flowers ; 
sida  carpinifoUa. 

kStimbong.     A  variant  of  ketimpong^  q.  v. 

kStambak.     A  marine  fish  (unidentified). 

kStimpoilg,  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  people 
splashing  about  when  bathing;  the  act  of 
disporting  oneself  in  the  water;  splashing  one 
another  (of  bathers).  Also  (Kedah)  ketimbong. 
Mandi  berkHimpang  dan  berenang :  bathing, 
splashing  about  and  swimming ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

kettmpal.  A  disorderly  or  tangled  heap,  such 
as  a  mass  of  worms  or  maggots  crawling  over 
one  another  in  decaying  organic  matter. 

kStan.  (Batav.)  Drypulut-rice;  Sh.  Lamp.,  18. 

kattan.     Arab,     Cotton  ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  5. 

kdto.  A  head-dress  or  kerchief  worn  by  ascetics 
in  the  old  Hindu  days. 

katw&L  Pers.  A  police-ofiicer ;  an  officer  of 
the  town  guard. 

kStubong.  I.  (Johor.)  A  boil  under  the 
armpit ;  =  susii^  ktibong, 

II.  The  swarming  and  stinging  of  hornets  ; 
(by  metaphor)  mobbing.  Kena  k. :  to  be 
stung  by  hornets.  Sarang  iebtiwan  jangan 
di-jolokf  mati  kena  ketubong :  don't  stir  up  a 
hornet's  nest,  you  will  only  be  stung  to  death  ; 
Prov. 


^ 


Zj^     kStuwat.     A  large  pendulous  wart 


ketutu.     A  plant  (unidentified) ;  Pel.  Abd.,  11 1. 
Also  ketutoh. 


e^ 


k§tupat.  Pulut  rice  cooked  in  a  wrapper  of 
mSmpelas  leaf;  Ht.  Si.  Misk.,  5 ;  Sh.  Lamp., 
28;  Ht.  Sh. 

kStopong.  A  stiff  peaked  or  lofty  head-dress  ; 
a  helmet  or  shako ;  Ht.  Koris ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz.  ; 
Ht.  Hamz.,  26;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  18 ;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach., 
19.   Also  (Riau)  kechopong, 

Ubi  k, :  Q.  long  yam,  also  known  as  ubi  tiyang 
and  ubi  teropong. 


kStola.  A  generic  name  for  a  number  of 
pumpkins.  Buwah  k. :  a  pumpkin,  Muj.,  69. 
Also  (Kedah)  pUola. 

K.  hutan :  luffa  acutangula, 

K,  manis  :  a  cultivated  gourd ;  luffa  cylindrica. 

K.  tilar :  a  gourd ;  trichosanthes  anguina . 

Akark.  hutan:  a  plant,  aristolochia  roxburg- 
hiana, 

M)y6     kStulul.     A  thieves'  confederate  in  a  house ;  a 
guiding  accomplice  ;  a  go-between  ;  a  pimp. 

f^^     kStumang.     Ikan  ketumang :  a  fish   (unidenti- 

^  fied).     Also  (Kedah)   ikan   tumang.     Possibly 

identical  with  the  tuman  (ophiocephalus  striatus). 

Jb^jS    kfituhar.     An  oven ;  a  furnace ;  a  kiln  ;  KL, 
^^         Pijn.,  v.  d.  W. 

4:6     kSteh.     See  ketek,  II. 


/ 


/ 


kStai.  I.  Spontaneous  dissolution ;  crumb- 
ling to  pieces  on  account  of  age  as  an  old 
fallen  tree. 

.II.     Anak  ketai ;  =  anak  keti ;  v.  keti,  IV. 

k6ti.  I.  Hundred  thousand.  Sa-keti :  one 
hundred  thousand,  a  lakh,  Laksa  dan  keti : 
myriads  and  lakhs,  immense  wealth.  Berketi : 
in  hundreds  of  thousands ;  Cr.  Gr.,  56. 
Berketi'keti :  id.;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  34, 

II.  Keti-keti :  a  small  venomous  wasp  ;  Kl. 

III.  A  sweetmeat  made  of  bij an;  Kl. 

IV.  Anak  k, :  3i  metal  ball  used  in  playing 
some  games,  but  most  commonly  occurring  as 
a  simile  for  heads  rolling  about  on  the  battle 
field;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. ;  Ht. 
Hamz.,  61 ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

jt^^     kStibong.     A  variant  of  ketimpong,  q.  v. 

i-UD     kStitir.     Burong  ketitir  :  a  bird  (columba  malac- 
censis?);  Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  3;  Ht.   Perb.  Jaya. 

*-<^  kdtiti.     A  plant  (unidentified). 

^j»^  kfitirah.     A  plant  with  red  leaves   (unidenti- 
fied);  Sej.  MaL,  134. 

^|.tS     kgtiyap.     (Kedah.)     A  kind  of  false  gunwale 
used   on   river   boats  to  permit  of  additional 
passengers  or  cargo  being  taken  in  on  emer- 
gencies.    Perahu  k.  :  a  boat  so  fitted. 
» 

kStipong.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  drumming ; 
a  small  drum  beaten  with  the  hand  ;  a  cry  to 
which  Malay  children  beat  time  in  certain 
games  (the  full  cry  is  kethnang  ketipong,  or 
ketipong  pak  pong) . 

1j6     kgtiyaks     The  arm-pit ;  Ht.  Abd.,  382.     Tong- 


\^^ 


kat  k, :  a  crutch. 


KliTIKA 


[    505    ] 


KijAK 


*-3u6  kStika  or  kutika,  [Skr.  ghatika  ?]  Moment ; 
period  of  time  ;  epoch ;  divisions  of  time  with 
special  reference  to  divination  or  astrology. 
K.  tengah  malam :  the  midnight  hour*  Pada 
ketika  itti :  at  that  moment,  at  that  period  of 
time.  Pada  tiyap-tiyap  masa  dan  ketika  :  at  all 
times  and  seasons;  at  every  moment.  Sa- 
ketika  :  (i)  a  moment ;  the  lapse  of  a  moment; 
(2)  at  the  same  moment,  while,  simultaneously 
with. 

K,  langkah:  **  the  proper  time  for  setting  out 
on  journeys;'*  a  very  elaborate  system  of 
divination  based  upon  two  tables  and  a  treatise. 

K,  lima  :  **the  Five  Ominous  Times ;''  divina- 
tion by  dividing  the  month  into  periods  of  five 
days,  and  the  days  into  five  parts,  and  then 
working  out  the  prevailing  influence  for  the 
critical  hour.  The  dominant  influences  in  this 
case  are  the  Hindu  deities  Maheswara  (Siva), 
Vishnu,  Sri,  Brahma,  and  Kala,  to  each  of 
whom  a  period  is  allotted. 

K,  tujoh:  **the  Seven  Ominous  Times;'* 
a  system  of  divination  by  dividing  the  calendar 
into  periods  of  seven  days  and  the  day  into 
seven  parts,  and  then  finding  out  the  dominant 
influence  for  the  critical  period  regarding 
which  enquiry  is  being  made.  The  dominant 
influences  in  this  case  are  the  Sun  and  Moon, 
and  the  planets  Mercury,  Mars,  Venus,  Jupiter 
and  Saturn, 

^y^     kStiyal.     Awkward  or  difficult  to   move,  as  a 
cork  stuck  too  tightly  in  the  mouth  of  a  bottle. 

^J<P     kStela.    Biiwah  ketela  :  a  name  sometimes  given 
(at  Penang)  to  the  papaya  fruit ;  v.  betek. 


'< 


pom 


ijcp    ketimang.     See  s.  v.  ketipQ 

^yc^    kStimun.     (Batav.)      The    cucumber;    Kam. 
Kech.,  g.     Seementimim, 

y^     k§tiyan.     A    plant    (unidentified)    yielding  a 
species  of  gutta;  J.  I.  A.,  I.,  259. 

J<P  kStiyau.  A  plant  (unidentified)  yielding  an 
oil  {minyak  ketiyau), 

C-^  kSjat.  Firmly  or  tightly  fixed;  immoveably 
imbedded, — of  a  thing  intended  to  be  so  fixed. 
Cf.  ketiyal,  which  refers  to  tightness  when  such 
tightness  is  not  desired.  Kijat  is  also  used 
(by  metaphor)  of  a  bargain  being  concluded, 
or  of  any  arrangement  being  settled  beyond 
the  possibility  of  repudiation  by  either  contract- 
ing party.     Also  (Kedah)  kejap. 


kSjUt.  A  feeling  of  sudden  alarm  on  the  occur- 
rence of  something  unexpected;  nervous 
shock ;  being  startled  or  roused  from  sleep 
by  external  agency  in  contradistinction  to 
spontaneous  awakening.  Di-kejutkan  orang 
akandaku  daripada  tidor-ku :  men  woke  me 
from  my  sleep ;  Ht.  Abd.,  3.  Terkejut :  startled, 
roused. 


j»-  kfijar.  Pursuit ;  the  following  up  of  a  fugitive ; 
hotly  pressing  on  any  one's  track.  Yang 
di'kejar  iiyada  dapat :  what  he  was  in  pursuit  of 
he  failed  to  get;  Pel.  Abd.,  20. 

Belanda  ptm  sigera   lari   ka4aut 
Di-kejar  Acheh  gedubang   berchabut : 

the  Dutchmen  ran  to  the  sea  pursued  by  the 
Achinese  with  drawn  broadswords;  Sh.  Pr. 
Ach.,  12. 

Mengejar :  to  pursue,  to  run  after.  Mmgejari 
perburuwan :  to  hunt  game;  Sh.  Bid.,  73. 

kfijor.  Stiffness  ;  inelasticity ;  stiff  as  a  piece 
of  stick  that  will  not  bend  under  pressure  but 
will  only  break. 

kSjang.  Stiftness,  inelasticity, — of  a  living 
limb ;  stiff  as  a  joint  which  cannot  be  bent 
without  pain  and  the  exercise  of  force ;  stiffen- 
ing and  stretching  out  the  limbs,  as  is  done 
when  a  man  is  yawning.  Kaki-nya  kedtiwa 
berkejang-kejang :  stretching  out  both  legs;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg.,  70. 

Terkijang-kokol :  drawing  up  the  limbs  and 
then  stretching  them  out,  as  a  man  in  agony 
or  as  an  animal  struggling  in  the  throes  of 
death ;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  38. 

^i^  kfejap.  I.  The  closing  or  partial  closing  of 
the  eye.  Sa-kejap  mata  :  a  very  short  time ; 
as  much  time  as  it  takes  to  close  an  eye. 
Cf,  kejam  and  kejip. 

II.  (Kedah.)  Firmly  fixed;  (Riau,  Johor) 
kcjaty  q.  V. 

''^    kfijip.     A  wink  ;  the  closing  and    reopening  of 
the  eye.     Sa-kejip  mata :  a  wink.     Cf.  kejap. 


f 


kdjal.     Stiffness, 
p^jal,  q.  V. 


hardness    of    the  flesh ;  = 


o^ 


kSjam.  The  closing  of  the  eye  (for  a  prolonged 
period).  Mata  pirn  kejam  muhit  terkatiip  :  the 
eyes  closed  and  the  mouth  shut;  Sh.  Jub. 
Mai.,  9. 

Kejamkan,  rnengejam  and  mengejamkan :  to 
close  (the  eye).  Maka  Sang-aji  kula  pun 
rnengejam  mata-nya,  sa-kUika  jtiga  ghaib  iya 
daripada  mata  segala  dewa-dewa :  then  His 
Majesty  closed  his  eyes  and  in  a  moment  he 
had  vanished  from  before  the  eyes  of  all  the 
Gods ;  Ht,  Sg.  Samb.  Cf.  also  Sh.  Lamp., 
20 ;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  22. 

kejan.  Urging  on,  inciting,  hurrying  up,  press- 
ing for  speed. 

Ta'-mahu  buwat,  jangan   berstmgttt, 
Siapa  gagahy   siapa  k^jan  ? 

Jahai   malas  snka    berhanyut, 
Makan  jasa  daripada   kawan : 

if  you  do  not  want  to  work  do  not  grumble  at 
your  work,  for  who  incites  you  to  it,  who  is 
there  pressing  you  on  ?  It  is  only  an  idle 
scoundrel  who  likes  to  drift  about  living  on  the 
charity  of  his  friends. 


k£jora 


[  506  ] 


k£chubong 


»«>-   kSjora.     Bintang  kejora  , 
^-^'       Kl.,  V.  d.  W. 


J 


the   morning   star; 


k€jai.     L     To  stretch  the  limbs;    KL,   Pijn., 
V.  d.  W.     Cf.  kejang, 

IL     The  halter  of  a  horse.     Also  tali  kajai. 

^^  kSji.  Opprobrium,  meanness,  infamy;  low, 
mean,  Mati  dengan  membawa  namayang  keji :  to 
die  bearing  a  bad  name ;  Ht.  Abd.,  216,  Paderi 
itti  suwatu  ftama  yang  keji :  "clergyman,"  as  a 
name  of  infamy ;  Ht.  Abd.,  174.  Pekerjaan 
yang  keji:  discreditable  actions;  Sej.  Mai.,  81. 
Kelakuwan  yang  keji:  evil  characte;r,  bad 
behaviour  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Kekejiyan  :  infamy,  discredit ;  Ht.  Ind,  Nata. 
\>-  k3cha.     To  tear  between  the  hands,  to  rend. 


1^  kSchapi 

c>  y      strings; 


[Skr.  kachchapi.]    A  lute  with   four 
strings;  Cr.  Gr.,  82 ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  85. 

Burong  k, :  a  sea  bird   (unidentified). 

Buwah  k. :   the  fruit  of  the  plant  sandorimm 
radiatum. 


C-*i.  kSchut.  I.  Shrunken,  shrivelled  up,  as  the 
skin  round  a  boil  when  the  matter  has  run  out, 
or  as  food  when  boiled,  or  as  the  hands  after 
long  immersion  in  water,  or  as  withered 
leaves ;  Ht.  Abd.,  302  ;  Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  39. 

II.  (Kedah.)  A  forked  prop  supporting  a 
seat  or  rest  to  enable  a  man  to  fell  a  tree  at 
some  height  above  the  ground. 

^  kSchar.     A  shell  (unidentified). 

ji.   kSchor.     A  jar  with  a  narrow  mouth. 

m^   kSchoHg.     Bulu  kechong:  (Riau,  Johor)  neck- 
CS       feathers  on  a  fighting-cock. 

-^  kechap.  (Onom.)  Tasting,  smacking  the  lips 
^^  after  tasting ;  the  *'  watering  "  of  the  mouth  at 
the  sight  of  a  good  dinner;  the  sound  made  by 
a  lizard  on  a  wall;  the  sound  given  out  by  the 
lips  when  sobbing.  Beharu  akn  kechap  akan 
ayer  madu :  then  first  I  tasted  the  honey  (of 
knowledge);  Ht.  Abd.,  25. 

Mengechap  :  to  sob  ;  Sh.  Ken.  Tab. 
Chichak   di-dinding  terke  chap -kechap  ^ 
Terhanchui  mata   pandang  selalu : 

the  lizard  on  the  wall  keeps   smacking  its  lips, 
projecting  its  eyes  and  eternally  watching. 

1^  kSchup.  Kissing  with  the  lips  (in  contradistinc- 
*  tion  to  the  native  way  of  kissing  with  the  nose, 
v.  chiyurn),  Maka  di-sambut-nya  ideh  Laksamana 
keris  itu  di-kechtipi-nya :  the  Laksamana 
took  the  kSrts  and  kissed  it;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw. 
Mengechtipi  kaki  raja  Iskandar :  to  kiss  the 
feet  of  King  Alexander;    Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 


(CjAi>-   kachapuri.     The  midmost  or  inmost   portion 
*       of  anything ;  the  capital  of  a  column ;  the  lower 
terrace  on  which  a  palace  is  built ;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah. 

Duriyan  k, :  a  durian  which  has  a  little  flesh 
at  its  very  centre, 

l9^  kfechik.     A   common    colloquial     variant    of 
kechtl,  q.  V. ;  small,  little. 

\X  kechil.  Insignificance  of  size  or  station ; 
^-^  inferiority  of  rank  or  position  ;  childhood,  in 
contradistinction  to  manhood.  lya  memeli- 
harakan  aku  daripada  kechil-ku  :  he  brought  me 
up  from  my  youth  upwards ;  Ht.  Abd.,  15. 
Kechil'kechtl  anak  harimau  :  though  small  yet 
the  cub  of  a  tiger ;  though  young  now,  he  has 
a  future  before  him ;  Prov. 

Kechil  hati :  a  grudge,  malice.  Ber kechil  hati : 
to  bear  a  grudge,  to  take  angrily  to  heart ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  243 ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  433. 

Kechil-kechilan :  extreme  use ;  Ht.  Hg. 
Tuw.,  92. 

Mengechilkan :  to  reduce  in  size.  M.  hati  : 
to  give  cause  for  resentment ;  Ht.  Abd.,  290. 

Terkechil:  very  small,  insignificant.  Kechil  is 
also  used  as  a  familiar  name  {timang-timangan) 
for  the  eighth,  ninth  or  tenth  child  in  a  family. 

4.^    kechambah.  Germ ;  the  seed-bud  of  anything ; 
*  *        a  shoot  from  plants  in  water ;  (Kedah)  chambah, 

iir"    kechimpong.     Splashing   about   in   water;  a 
CT^        variant  of  ketimpong,  q.  v. 

^  Ju.C    kdchundang,     The  vanquished  ;  the  relation 
^     ^       ship  borne   by   the   loser   to  the  winner ;  se( 
chundang. 

^\^  kSchuwali.     Excepting ;  v.  chuwali, 

Jt>^  k§chubong.  I.  The  datura ;  the  well  known 
^  ^  poisonous  plants  datura  metel  and  datura 
fatuosa,  Mabok  k,  :  the  intoxication  induced 
by  datura  poisoning  ;  Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.; 
Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. ;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed.  K.  berhulam  ganja : 
datura  eaten  with  Indian  hemp;  poison  added 
to  poison;  worse  and  worse;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XL,  38. 

The  name  kechubong  is  also  applied  to  three 
more  plants;  viz.: — 

K.  pay  a:  gardenia   tentactdata, 

K,  rimba:  randia   macrophylla. 

A  kar  k. :  byttneria   maingayi. 

The  word  is  also  applied  by  metaphor  to 
objects  resembling  the  flower  of  the  kechubong 
in  its  expanding  shape;  e.  g.,  mulut  berkechu- 
bong:  bell-mouthed,  of  a  blunderbuss  or 
trumpet.  In  the  case  ofthis  weapon,  however, 
a  cross  section  of  the  mouth  would  show  a 
polygonal  rather  than  a  round  form. 

II,  (Kedah.)  A  helmet.  Also  kechopong, 
and  ketopong,  q.  v. 


see 


kIichopong 


[  507  ] 


K^DiKENG 


III.  Batu  k^chubong:  the  amethyst,  of 
which  Malays  recognize  three  varieties:  k, 
kandan,   k.  nilam,  and   k.  olong, 

i^^  kSchopong.     (Riau.)   A  helmet;  also  (Kedah) 
^  kechubong,  and  (literary)    ketopong,  q.  v. 

^^   kgchuwak.     [Chin.   ka4sodk]    A  cockroach; 
=  lipcis. 

^   kgchah.     See  kechah. 

4ji    kSchoh.    Kechoh'kechah:  fussing  about;  Mget- 
^       ing;  perpetually   on   the   move,  of  the   limbs 
or  of  the  tongue, 

Dengan  sa-kechoh :  (Kedah)  at  once,  in  an 
instant.   Kechoh-kechoh :  extremely  quickly. 


J 


kSchai.     I.     Rending   to    pieces,    tearing  to 
pieces.     Cf.  kecha, 

II.     A  tree   (unidentified).     It  has  a   thorny 
trunk. 

jlL^   kSchipong.     To  splash  about   when  bathing; 
^  *       a  variant  of  ketipong,  q.  v. 

j.^  kSchewa.     Injured,  wronged,  harmed ;  put  to 
shame,     disgraced.     Jangan    ttman-ku   nania 
kechewa:   do   not   permit  any   injury  to  your 
name,  my  lord;  Sh.    Sg.    Ranch.,  29.     Orang  \ 
apa   kapada   orange    dirt  juga   yang    kechewa:  \ 
what  matter  your    misfortunes   to   another?   | 
You  yourself  will  (alone)  feel  the  injury ;  Prov.     ' 

1-^     k6da.     A  glazed  earthenware  vessel  of  Chinese   • 
make;  Kl.     Seekedah,  II,  ' 

jJ>\Jl>  kedadak.  A  violent  diarrhoea;  a  choleraic 
attack.  The  word  is,  however,  rarely  under-  | 
stood  in  this  sense,  but  survives  in  the  expres- 
.  sion  ckekek  kedadak :  an  imprecation  calling 
down  a  miserable  death  of  a  somewhat 
indefinite  character.  Also  chekek  kedadah, 
mtiutah  kedarah  and  muntahkan  darah, 

oS\j6     kddadah.     See  kedadaL 

i-^ JO     kSdanga.     Kedanga    hutan    hitam :   a   plant ; 
^  myristica  globidaria. 


kSdali.     A  variant  of  kendali,  q.  v. 


f^^'^-U     kgdaung.     A     large     tree     with    medicinal 
properties ;  parkia  roxbtirghii. 

Oi'*-^  kSdayan.  Jav.  Servants,  followers  of  a 
prince ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.,  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  Ht. 
Mas  Ed.,  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

CjJS  kSdut.  A  crease,  a  fold,  a  wrinkle  ;  cf.  ketak. 
Kedut  is  especially  applied  to  creases  in  a  dress. 
Berkedok'kedut :  (Kedah)  crumpled,  of  a  dress. 

wl>-^  k6dit.  A  waistbelt  ;  more  usually  kendit  or 
gendit. 


)j-^     kSdfira.     Ikan  kedera:   a   well   known   edible 
marine  fish. 
Btirong  k  :  a  sea-bird  (unidentified). 

P^j5    k6d6rang.     A  tree  (unidentified), 

pJO     kSdang.     Stretched    out,    extended;   at   full 
^  length.     Cf.     adarig,     Mengedang-ngedangkan 

tangan:  to  stretch  out  the  arms ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 


D    kfidangsa. 

form  of  the 

blossom  of  the  lime  ;  Ht.  Koris. 


^j-jtjj^     k^dangsa.      Limau     kedangsa :  a    cultivated 
form  of  the  lime ;  citrus  acida,     Kuntum  k. :  the 


^j.f 
^j5^ 


.ijf 


k^dgngkang.    (Onom.) 
blow  on  brass  or  wood. 


The  noise  of  a  heavy 


kgdSngkeng.  (Onom.)  A  sound  somewhat 
sharper  in  tone  than  that  defined  by  kedengkang, 
q.  V. 

k6d6ngkong.  (Onom.)  A  sound  somewhat 
deeper  in  tone  than  that  defined  by  ked^ngkang, 
q.  V. 

kedengkek.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Extreme  emacia- 
tion.    Also  (Kedah)  gedongkeng, 

kedongkok.      (Singapore.)       The     flowered 

metallic  ring  under  the  keris  handle  and  next 
the  blade  ;  (Riau,  Johor)  pendongkok,  (Kedah) 
penongkok, 

kSdap.     I.     Tight ;  close  ;  almost  waterproof. 

II.  Sa-kedap :  (Kedah)  a  handful, — used  of 
a  handful  of  padi'Stolks  held  in  the  hand  for 
beating  against  the  side  of  a  tub. 

III,  (Kedah.)     To  scratch  the  head. 


0J^  kMepong.    I. 

C-  kedempong,  q.  v. 


II.     (Onom.) 
hollow  surface. 


Worm-eaten,  of  fruit.   Better 
The  sound  of  thumping  on  a 


-j^  kedak.     I.     Lintang-kedak :  lying  across  each 


;ji^ 


other  confusedly  ;  scattering  in  all  directions. 

IL  Kedok'kedak  or  kedak-kedok  :  (Onom.)  a 
noise  such  as  that  of  a  bullock  cart  rolling 
along  the  road. 

kddek.  Slightly  bent  or  curved;  a  slight 
curve.  Dtidok  terkedek  :  sitting  with  shoulders 
bent ;  cf.  kedu.  Mata  kBdek,  mata  kail  kedeky 
or  (Kedah)  mata  tekHek  :  a  peculiarly  shaped 
fish-hook ;  a  hook  the  shaft  of  which  curves 
slightly  backwards  so  as  to  bring  the  barb 
closer  under  the  line. 


tjjS     k6dok.     I.     See  kedak,  II. 


^aT 


II.     A  tree  the  leaves  of  which   are   chewed 
as  sireh,  Kl. ;  ==  kadok  ? 

kfidfikeng.     Extreme     hardness ;     not   easily 
broken  up,  of  stone. 


kSdiIkek 


[  508  ] 


KUR 


kSddmpoag. 

rotten,  of  fruit. 


I.      Worm-eaten ;     internally 


Laksana   biiwah   kedempong  ; 
Ltiwar   bBrisi,   da  lam   kosong: 

like  rotten  fruit;  prj3mising  without  but  empti- 
ness within  ;  Prov. 

Also  (Penang)  kedepong. 

II.  (Onom.)     A     thumping    sound.     Also 
kedepong, 

III.  A  tobacco-pouch  made  of  pandan  leaves 
and  used  to  give  fragrance  to  tobacco. 

PXM    kfidondong,   or   (Kedah)    kedundong.     A 
C  generic  name  given  to  a  number  of  trees  mostly 

of  the  genus  canarmm;   Sh.    Pant.   Shi.,   8. 

Amra  jangan    sangka    kedundong:     do     not 

mistake  a  hog-plum  for  a  kedundong  ;  all  is  not 

gold  that  resembles  it ;  Prov. 
K,  btdan  :  canarmm  rnfnm, 
K,  bulan  ptdeh  :  santiria  fasciculata, 
K.  hutan  :  canarmm  nitidum, 
K,  maiahari  :  canarium  kadondon, 
11.     Ikan  kedondong  :  a  fish  (unidentified). 

J  JO  kSdau.  Mengedau :  to  cry  out  loudly  for  any- 
thing, e.  g.,  for  assistance. 

J jS  k6du.  The  attitude  of  a  man  whose  head  is 
slightly  bent  forward  and  whose  shoulders  are 
slightly  raised.  Terkedu4erkedek :  sitting  in 
this  attitude  but  with  the  body  slightly  bent; 
sitting  like  a  writer  at  a  desk. 


kddSkek.  A  greenish  compound  resembling 
salt.     It  is  used  medicinally. 

kSdSkai.  A  tree  (unidentified)  the  fruit  of 
which  is  used  medicinally. 

kSdal.     A  disease  causing  discoloration  of  the 
skin;   Muj.,    69;  Sej.  Mai.,  31,  157;  Ht.    Best. 
It  is  akin   to  sopak,   but  sopak  refers  to  white 
discoloration  and  kedal  to  other  colours  of  the  j 
disease. 

K,  anjing :  coarse  black  patches  of  colour  on  | 
the  skin.  | 

K.  gajah  :  extensive  discoloration  of  the  skin.  | 
K.  tulah :   discoloration   of  the   skin    as   the 
result  of  a  curse  (usually  for  profanation). 

kSdul.  A  ball  of  wood,  horn,  or  ivory  used  in 
playing  certain  Malay  games. 

k§d§lam.  A  drinking  vessel  with  a  narrow 
neck.     Also  kendelam, 

kdddlai.  Kachang  kedilai :  a  plant,  phaseolus 
immgo;    Ht.  Abd.,  180.   Also  kedele  and  kedeli. 

kfidampas  or  k^dumpas.  Orang  tuwa 
kedampas:  a  term  of  abuse  applied  to  a  shameless 
old  man.     Also  orang  tnwa  kedtimpas. 


jj,aS' 


>^ 


■.^ 


kSdudok.     (Kedah.)     The  name  of  a  number 

of  plants  with  showy  pink  flowers ;  melastoma 
polyanthum,  and  allied  species  ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama 
(Maxw.),  64;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 
Also  (Riau,  Johor)  sBndndok,  (Bencoolen) 
sekMudok,    (Menangkabau)  si-kadudttk, 

kddah.     I.    Kedah,  a  state  on  the  West  Coast 

of  the  Malay  Peninsula.     Better  r-Ji* 

II.  Exposed;  gaping  open.  Mangkok  k.  : 
a  bowl  with  a  wide  mouth.  Tidor  terkedah  : 
to  sleep  without  proper  covering. 

kSdai.  A  shop ;  a  selling  booth  ;  a  place  where 
articles  are  exhibited  for  sale  by  retail  in 
contradistinction  to  an  office  where  mercantile 
business  is  transacted,  but  where  the  articles 
sold  are  not  actually  stored.  Ada  yang 
berkedai  ada  yang  bersandagar :  some  opened 
shops,  some  opened  merchants'  offices;  Ht. 
Abd.,  215. 

k6di.  Congenital  impotence;  Ht.  Sh.; 
Muj.,  61.  The  word  is  applied  also  to  herma- 
phroditism where  the  female  organs  are  the 
more  strongly  developed. 

f^JjM  kSdidi.  Burong  kedidi :  a  snippet,  a  sand- 
piper; Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  15  ; 
Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  9.  Laksana  kedidi^  ka-mana 
pantai  terchnnggit-chnnggit :  like  a  sand-piper 
which  goes  hopping  about  wherever  it  can 
find  a  beach  ;  all  is  fish  that  comes  to  his  net ; 
Prov. 

J- Ju     kSdera.      [Port,   cadeira,]     A  stool. 

iSx^   kSdiri.    Self;  v.  diri.   Also  kendiri, 

.   j5     kudiyan.      I.      (Kedah.)      Cheap,    common, 
^^  ordinary.     Kain  ft.  ;   common     cheap     cloth. 

Orang  k, :  one  of  the  proletariat. 

II.  [Eng.  accordeon.]  A  concertina,  an 
accordeon. 


:ar 


^^^^jS     kgdewas.     The  name 


of  a   fish.     Also   bawal 


kidewas 


J^  kadzab.    Arab.     A  liar. 

•  ^  kidzib.        [Arab,    kidzb.']       A   lie.       Khabar 
^"^      yang  k, :  false  reports,  slanders,  lies  ;  Ht.  Raj. 
Sul.,  8. 

p     kar.     [Dutch  kaart.]     A  chart,  a  map. 

kur.  A  cry  for  calling  fowls ;  (by  extension) 
the  cry  by  which  the  bird-like  semangat  is 
invited  to  approach  or  persuaded  to  remain 
still.  Knr  semangat  has  also  become  a  term 
of  endearment,  the  beloved  one  being 
addressed  as  the  very  life  or  soul  of  the 
lover;  Sh.  Bid.,  7 ;  Sh,  Abd.  Mk.,  78. 

See  semangat.  In  Kedah  kmi  is  the  word 
used  for  calling  fowls  and  ktis  for  invoking 
the  semangat. 


s 


k£]ra 


[  309  ] 


kiSrawat 


]^  kSra.  The  common  long-tailed  monkey 
(macacus  cynomologus)  of  the  Malay  Peninsula; 
Ht.  Abd.,  90,  385,  387.  Dmm  kera  berjuntai  : 
a  name  given  to  dry  banana  leaf.  Genggam 
A^ra  :*' a  monkey's  grip"  ;  a  very  firm  grip; 
Prov.  Kera  dapat  btmga  :  a  monkey  that  has 
got  a  flower;  pearls  before  swine;  Prov.  Akar 
periyok  kera  :  a  pitcher  plant,  nepenthes, 

\j>  kSrabat.  Swarming  up,  climbing  up,  sticking 
to.  Ikat  k. :  a  fastening  in  several  successive 
coils.  Kura-kura  pandai  kerabat  kayu  :  when 
tortoises  learn  to  climb  trees  ;  when  miracles 
take  place ;  Prov. 

\S  kSrabut.  Swarming  up,  climbing  up  in 
large  numbers;  =  kerabat ^  but  exclusively 
frequentative. 


^\f 


kSrabek.     Kerobak-kerabek :  plucked  to  pieces; 
cf.  rabeky  kerobak^  etc. 

kSrabu.     I.     A   flat     round    ear     ornament; 
Kam.  Kech.,  11. 

II.     A  tree;  xanthophyllmn  rufum  or  lophopeta- 
htm  fimbriatiim;  J.  I.  A.,    L,  259. 

IIL     A  sort  of  salad  made  of  fish,  prawns  or 
sea-slugs  and  cucumber. 

kSraton.     Jav.     A  palace,  the  home  of  a  ratu 
(ke-ratu-'n);  Ht,  Mas  Ed. 


i>-\S     kSrajang.     A  variant  of  kerachang,  q.  v. 


k§rachang.     Emas  kerachang:  tinsel,  gold  foil; 
Ht.  Sh.,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.,  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

Kerajang  according   to    Klinkert;  also  (Riau, 
Johor)  keronchong;  (Kedah)  geranchang. 

*>-y  kSrachap.  (Kedah.)  A  wooden  musical 
instrument  used  in  inenora  performances ;  a 
bamboo  or  wooden  tube  beaten  as  a  drum  (not 
identical  with  cherachap,  the  Malay  castanets). 

l^^  kSrachak.     Ripples,  cat's-paws  on  the  water; 

'^^*  '^       the   wake   of  a   swiftly     rowing  boat.     Also 
(Kedah)  kelochak, 

i3^\r     kdrasak.     Rubbish  cast  up  by  the  sea. 


kurr^sah.      Arab.      A   copy-book;   a   blank 
book. 


kdrapis.     See  keropas, 

k6rapu.     A  marine  fish  (unidentified). 

kSrapai.  I.  Fumbling  about  with  the  arms; 
the  frequentative  of  kapai,  q.  v.  Cf.  rapai, 
apaiy  gerapai,  chapaiy  etc. 

II.     (Kedah.)    A  powder-flask  ;  see  kerepai. 


^\S 


^/ 


k3rakap.  Sireh  kerakap :  dry  sireh  leaves 
growing  near  the  stem  ;  the  worst  leaves  of  a 
sireh  vine  in  contradistinction  to  sireh  charang, 
the  best.  Mati  laksana  sireh  kerakap :  dead 
like  old  sireh  leaf;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  32. 

Kain   berstiji  di-atas   aiap, 

Bajii  bertekat  chelana   merechul ; 

Jikalau  stidi   turn  an -ku   santap, 

Sireh   kerakap,    tembakau-nya   kaytil : 

if  you  wish,  my  lord,  you  may  consume  it,  but 
the  sireh  is  old  and  the  tobacco  spoilt  by 
moisture ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng, 

k^rakah.  I.  [Dutch :  kraak  ?]  A  carrack  ;  an 
old  type  of  sailing  ship. 

II.     (Kedah.)   A  long-armed  monkey;  (Riau, 
Johor)  kekah. 


kgraki.    [Tamil?] 

Also  kereki. 


The  blinds  of  a  palanquin. 


^.\/ 


kdrama.  A  curse.  Akan  jaioh  kerama-nya 
pada  Radin  Asmara  J  ay  a  :  that  his  curse  may 
fall  on  Radin  Asmara  Jaya;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 
Better  kerma,  q.  v. 

kdramat  or  karamat.  Arab.  A  saint,  a  holy 
place;  a  miracle-working  place,  shrine  or 
person,  especially  when  the  miracles  are  due  to 
the  personal  sanctity  of  a  living  or  dead  man. 
Keramat  yang  hidopyang  pergi  ka-Makkah  dan 
ka-Madtnah  tiyap4iyap  hart :  living  saints  who 
miraculously  visited  both  Mecca  and  Medinah 
daily;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  13. i  Jika  sunggoh 
mati  Chau  Pandan  sunggoh-lah  tuwan  keramat : 
if  Chau  Pandan  is  really  dead  then  you  are 
certainly  a  holy  worker  of  miracles ;  Sej. 
Mai.,  117. 

Wali  k.  or  datok  k, :  the  lord  of  a  shrine  ;  the 
saint  buried  in  a  wonder-working  tomb;  the 
individual  whose  holiness  in  life  has  invested 
any  place  with  miracle-working  power. 

Di-timpa  k. :  struck  down  by  the  miraculous 
power  of  a  saint ;  slain  by  the  unseen  powers 
for  sacrilege. 

The  name  keramat  is  given  to  many  old  trees, 
stones,  etc.,  which  are  believed  to  be  haunted 
by  familiar  spirits  and  which  point  rather  to 
an  older  religion  than  Muhammadanism  than 
to  Muhammadan  saintship.  The  word  is  also 
applied  to  some  elephants,  crocodiles,  and  other 
animals  which  are  believed  to  possess  a 
supernatural  character. 

,  \^^  kSrana.     Because;  v.  karena. 

j\p     kerani.     [Hind.    (ilX-l  A  confidential  clerk  ; 
a  secretary ;  a  clerk  generally. 

Jijt\j     kerawat.     A   rattan   brace   or  fastening  with 
^^       which  the  iron  of  an  adze  is  made  fast  to  the 
handle. 


I     An  identical  miracle  is  mentioned  in   the  Hikayat 
Shah  Mardan. 


64 


KfiEAWIT 


[    510    ] 


K&BTASARI 


kSlUWit.  Chmhing  kerawit  or  chocking  kiruwit: 
intestinal  worms, 

kirawang.  Fret-work ;  open  work ;  work, 
the  pattern  of  which  is  cut  right  through  any 
substance  and  not  merely  carved  on  it ;  Pel. 
Abd.,  81  ;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  10;  Sh.  Kamp. 
Boy.,  6.     Cf.  rawang  and  awang. 


■4 


kSrawak.    The 

Also    (Penang) 
gerabak. 


red    squirrel,  sciurus  bicolor. 
tupai    belang,    and   (Kedah) 


lt^^j 


t^ 


< 


kSrawai.  A  species  of  hornet  or  large  wasp 
which  makes  its  nest  in  the  ground. 

kSrfibat.  Enfolding  in  many  folds,  winding 
round  ;  cf.  hebai  and  kerabat. 

k6r6bas.  Vigorously  shaking ;  a  frequentative 
of  kebas,  q.  v. 

k^l^bang.  Opening  wide.  Pintu  kerebang  : 
the  main  gate  or  entrance  to  a  dwelling ;  a 
folding  or  double  door;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.;  Ht. 
Koris  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Kerebangkan  rambut: 
to  let  the  hair  fall  loose  and  spread  it  over  the 
shoulders,  Ht.  P.  J.  P.  Mengerebangkan 
rambtit :  id.;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  33. 

Also  gerebang. 


m^p    kSr^bong. 

^  kentbong. 


A    granary    or  padi-store.     Also 


-    \     kSrebok.     Boring   into,   tapping  ; — used   of  a 

worm  or  squirrel  boring  into  fruit.  Nyior 
di'kerebok  Uipai :  a  coconut  tapped  by  a 
squirrel ;  a  girl  that  has  been  seduced  ;  Prov. 
Tikus  kerebok  labti :  a  rat  that  has  been 
gnawing  into  a  pumpkin  ;  a  seduction ;  Prov. 


J>:/ 


< 


k&rbam.  A  buffalo,  li,  bakw:  a  pink  buffalo. 
K,  denak  :  a  buffalo  used  to  attract  the  other 
buffaloes  into  a  pen.  K,  julang :  a  wild  buffalo; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  Kereta  L :  a  buffalo-cart. 
PBdati  k» :  id.  (in  old  romances) ;  Sej.  Mai.,  120. 
Jmgi^n  bum  at  kef  ban  tandok  panjang:  don't 
play  the  long-horned  buffalo ;  don't  go  seeking 
quarrels;  Prov.  Mmolong  kerbau  di4angkap 
lummau:  to  go  to  the  assistance  of  a  buffalo 
that  is  in  the  clutches  of  a  tiger ;  a  foolish 
enterprise;  Prov*,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  H.,  160. 
Kerbaii  sakit  sapi  beruleh  nama:  the  buffalo 
was  ill,  but  the  ox  got  the  credit  of  it ;  one 
man  often  does  the  work  and  another  gets 
the  credit;  Prov.  Laksana  kBrbau,  di-mana 
mmput  hijau  di-sana  terkam :  ISce  :a  buffalo 
wbich;plungesin[to  grass  wherever  it  is  greenest 
(pointing  to  water  being  at  its  roots) ;  where 
the  carcase  is  there  will  the  vulture  rush; 
Prov.  Sa-ekor  kerbau  membawa  lim^orhabis 
merechek  sa-rata-rata  :  one  buffalo  is  covered 
with  mud  and  the  whole  place  around  is 
besprinkled  with  it ;  a  bad  member  corrupts  a 
whole  society ;  "Prov. 


-/ 


-/ 


LTtf 


LTi 


=/ 


'^J 


\jjiji 


kSrat.  I .  C  utting  off ;  severance ;  the  part  cut 
off  or  severed  from  the  main  body.  Di-suroh- 
nya  kSrat  leher  Smyid  \Ali  hmayamdi :  he 
ordered  the  beheading  of  Sidi  Ali  Ismayamdi ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  79.  Sa4engah  itu  kepala  di-kerat : 
half  of  them  were  headless  ;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  17. 

Sa-kerat :  a  portion,  half.  Kereta  sa-kerat : 
(Penang  and  Perak)  a  vehicle  which  is  like  half 
a  palanquin  and  is  generally  known  among 
Europeans  there  as  a  ''shandrydan.''  Kaseh 
sa-kerat  jalan  :  love  that  only  goes  half  way ; 
a  proverbial  expression  for  what  is  only  half 
love. 

KahiH   tuwan  pergi   ka-hulu 

Singgah   bermain   tepi  pengkalan ; 

Hendak  turttt,  turut  selalu, 
Jangan   turut  sa-kerat  jcdan: 

if  you  follow,  follow  altogether,  do  not  follow 
for  only  half  the  way ;  don't  do  things  by 
halves ;  Prov. 

Kcratan :  a  severed  piece.  Keratan  mata 
tombak  :  the  spear  points  broken  off  from  the 
shafts;  Sej.  Mai.,  142. 

Kerati :  to  cut,  to  sever  ;  Sh.  Jur,  Bud.,  ^7  ? 
Sh.  Bid.,  71.  Mengerat :  id.,  Sh.  A.  R.  S. 
J.,  II  ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  76.  Mengeratkan:  id.; 
Muj.,  46.  Mengerat  kuku :  to  cut  the  nails 
(oereniomally) ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 

II.  A  measure  of  weight  for  diamonds  (a 
carat  ?)  ;  it  is  the  equivalent  of  8  beras ;  see 
note  s.  V.  beras. 

III.  (Onom.)  A  scraping  or  scratching 
sound  ;  cf.    kerit  and  kerut. 

kSret  or  kSrit.  I.  (Onom.)  A  scraping 
or  scratching  sound.  Keretan  apt :  (Johor) 
matches ;  also  (Riau)  kerek  apt,  (Singapore) 
korek  apt,  and  (Kedah)  goris  apt. 

H.  Kerit'kerit :  a  creeper ;  Kl.  Better  ^mY- 
gerit  {wilhighbeia  firma), 

kfirut.     I.     (Onom.)  A  harsh  scraping ^ound. 

II.  Creasing  up,  crumpling  up;  frowning. 
Befhata  masam  mengkerui :  to  speak  with  a 
sour  and  frowning  countenance  ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

kort.  Eng.  The  Supreme  Court,  in  'Contra- 
distinction to  a  Police  Court  (polis) ;  Ht, 
Abd.,  Ill,  247. 

kSrtas.     Paper;  better  (Arab.)  u^^^,  q.  v, 

k6r6tas.     See  keretus, 

kfirfitUS.  I.  KiretuS'keretas,  (Onom.)  The 
sound  of  rain  falling  on  paper ;  fhe  sound  of 
paper  being  crumpled  up ;  etc. 

II.  (Riau,  Johor.)  The  sensation  of  irequent 
tugs  at  a  fishing-line;  (Kedah)  geredus. 

k§I%asari.  Jav.  The  name  of  a  flower;  a 
name  often  given  to  heroines  of  Javanese 
romance. 


k£rIitano 


[     5H     ] 


KERAS 


uJj^ 


O". 


^f 


kSrtika.     A  variant  of  kUika  or  kutika,  q.  v. 

^S     kSlja.    [Skr.  kdrya  ?]  Work,  occupation,  trade, 
^  business,  profession  ;  the  working  or  bringing 

about  of  any  result ;  the  carrying  out  of  orders 
or  instructions  received.  Kerja  raja :  work  for 
the  prince ;  profitless  labour ;  Prov.  Kerja 
raja  dt-junjong,  kerja  kita  di-kilek :  while  bearing 
the  prince's  work  on  our  heads  we  can  still 
carry  our  own  under  our  arms ;  we  can  often 
help  ourselves  while  working  for  others;  Prov. 
Hendak  kerja  golok  keling,  hendak  makan 
parang  puting  :  he  is  the  dullest  of  choppers 
when  he  has  to  work,  and  the  sharpest  of 
blades  when  it  is  a  question  of  eating ;  Prov. 

Kerjakan :  to  effect ;  to  put  through ;  to  work 
out  or  carry  out  anything.     Mengerjakan  :  id. 

Pekerjaan:     work;      business      or      duty; 
occupation ;  employment. 


ftiy     kSrStang.     I.    A  saltwater  fish  (unidentified),  i 

II.  Smeared   with  dirt  or  filth  which  has 
been  allowed  to  dry  on  the  body ;  covered  with  | 
itch  or  dirty  sores.  ; 

III.  (Onom.)     A  clanging  sound, 

jiS    ker6ting  and  kSrdtong.    (Onom.)    The  sound 
^  of  metal  being  struck ;  clanging. 

p     kfirStapi     (Onom.)   A  dull  sound  such  as  that 
of  a  door  being  closed .  BerkerUap  btmyi  kunchi :  \ 
the  clattering  of  locks  was  heard ;   Ht.   Sri  I 
Rama  (Maxw.),  38.  ! 

Kerehip'kiretap  hunyi  di-tutup, 
Kunchi  pintu   nialam-malani ; 

Ayer   laut  hijau   siapa   cheltip  ?  i 

Duri  di-htitan  siapa  pertajam: 

clatter,  clatter,  goes  the  sound  of  closing  up  as  i 
we  lock  the  doors  every  night.  See  also  Ht.  \ 
Raj.  Don.,  12. 

I 

kSrStip  and  kfirStup.     (Onom.)     Clattering  \ 

noises  of  varying  sharpness  ;  cf.  keretap,  ^ 

^^^  k6r6tak.     I.     (Onom.)    A  sound  such  as  that 

■^-^       of  grinding  the    teeth.    Cf.    karai,   of  which  ! 
this  is  a  frequentative.  | 

II.     [Jav.   kreteg.]    Abridge.    Also  geretaL     \ 


./ 


^^^  kSrfitek.     (Onom.)       A      sound       somewhat 
^-^        sharper  than  that  described  by  keretak,  q.  v. 

yP     kSrStok.     I.     (Onom.)      A   sound   somewhat 
duller  than  that  expressed  by  keretak,  q.  v. 

II.  (Onom.)  Rapping,  tapping ;  a  frequenta- 
tive of  ketokf  q.  v.  Di-keretok-nya  tongkat  itii : 
he  rapped  away  with  his  stick ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 

JS^    kSrStau.     I.     A  tree  (unidentified). 

II.  A  small  insect  destructive  to  cloth. 

III.  An  evil  spirit  represented  as  having  the 
head  of  a  deer  and  the  body  of  a  pig. 


Tv^ 


<r 


kdrSjang.     I.     Emas    kerijang :    tinsel,    gold 
foil ;  V.  k^rachang, 

II.  Kicking  out  with  the  legs,  as  a  man 
swimming.  TerMr&jang-kBr^jang :  constantly 
kicking  out ;  prancing,  as  a  horse.   Cf.  rejang. 


kSrgchut.    A 

of   which    is 
nmcronafus. 


common     sedge,     the     stem 
used    in    mat-making;    scirptis 


7J-' 


<r 


kSrSchap.  (Onom.)  Striking  two  pieces  of 
bamboo  together  by  way  of  keeping  time  to 
music;  J,  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  92 ;  the  noise  so  made. 
Kerechup'kerechap  :  the  smacking  of  the  lips  in 
eating.     Cf.  kerachap  and  kechap. 

k6r6chup.     See  kerechap, 

kerSchau.  1.  (Onom.)  The  sound  made  by 
people  splashing  through  shallow  water. 

II.  (Kedah.)     Stiffness  of  the  limbs. 

III.  Knotted,  not  straight, — of  a  string 
which  after  having  been  long  twisted  retains  a 
certain  warp  and  does  not  readily  straighten. 

k6r6da.     (Singapore.)     A  curry-comb. 

kSrSdut.  Wrinkled,  rumpled,  creased;  the 
frequentative  of  kedut,  q,  v. 

k6r§dak.     (Vulgar.)     Possessions,  property. 


N$^    kferSdil.      Below    the     average     in     size    or 
^  ^        height, — used   of  one  article  of  a  set  or  of  one 
member  of  a  family  being  less  in  size  or  stature 
than  the  rest. 

^>^     kSrSdam.  (Onom.)  Kcrcdtim-keredam:  a  sound 

^  like  that    of    oars     plunging  in  water   (Sh, 

Abd.  Mk.,  28),  or  as  that  made   by  betel-nut 

consumers     using    the    gobek    or    betel-nut 


r^/ 


pounder, 
k6r6duin.     See  keredarn. 


y,p  kSras.  Hardness,  firmness;  strict,  stiff, 
inflexible,  obstinate,  difficult  to  influence, 
merciless.  Terlalu  keras  kawal-nya  :  the  watch 
kept  by  them  was  very  rigorous.  Keras 
batn-nya  :  its  stone-work  was  very  hard;  Ht. 
Abd.,  55.  Panas  keras :  extreme  heat.  Bau 
tMalu  keras :  a  very  pungent  odour,  Keras 
hati :  obstinacy  of  disposition,  hardness  of 
heart.  Masim-kemarau  keras :  a  hard  drought ; 
an  extremely  dry  season.  Haiyat  keras 
daripada  maiU  :  life  is  stronger  than  death  ;  Ht. 
Isk.  Dz. 

Akar  keras  tulang :  a  medicinal  drug 
(unidentified). 

Btiwah  k. :  the  candle-nut,  aleurites  moluc- 
cantis.  Buwah  k,  laut:  a  large  sea-shore  tree, 
hernandia  sonora. 

Kerasi :  to  press  for  anything ;  to  bring 
pressure  to  bear;  to  exert  oneself;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  21,  66, 


KiRIS 


[    512    ] 


KiRING 


U^} 


Keraskan :  to  increase  the  strength  (of  any- 
thing) ;  to  deepen  (the  voice)  ;  to  intensify 
(sensation) ;  Ht.  Abd.,  50.  Mengeraskan:  id. ; 
Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  62 ;  Muj.,  52 ;  Ht.  Abd.,  262. 

Pengeras :  (i)  a  drug  to  intensify,  harden, 
stiffen,  or  strengthen  anything;  Muj.,  71 ;  (2) 
a  fee,  e.  ^.,  a  retaining  fee  to  a  midwife,  or  to  a 
theatrical  {ma'yong)  company,  or  to  a  pair  of 
dancing  girls,  or  to  a  sorcerer  (pawang).  Also 
(in  this  latter  sense)  pengMras, 

k6ris.  The  well-known  Malayan  dagger  ;  the 
"  kris  "  or  *'  creese  "  made  either  with  a  straight 
or  with  a  wavy  blade.   Sa-bilah  k, :  one  kris. 

K.  alang :  a  straight  keris  of  medium  length, 
i,  e.,  shorter  than  k,  panjang  and  longer  than 
ft.  pandak. 

K.  cherita  :  a  long  keris  with  some  17  or  19 
curves  (lok)  in  the  blade.  K>  cherita  tambang 
sari  :  a  long  keris  with  some  13  or  15  curves  in 
the  blade. 

K,  lenden,  or  k.  lendayan  :  a  long  keris  with  a 
sword-handle  instead  of  the  ordinary  keris 
handle. 

K.  merubi  :  a  keris  with  a  peculiarly  shaped 
handle.    This  type  of  keris  is  made  in  Patani. 

K.  pandak  :  a  short  straight  keris, 

K.  panjang  :  a  long  straight  keris.  This  type 
of  keris  was  the  one  used  at  executions  by  the 
keris, 

K,  pichit :  a  keris  believed  to  have  been  shaped 
by  mere  finger  pressure  ;  v.  pichit. 

K.  sapukal :  a  broad  short  straight  keris 
intermediate  in  length  between  the  k,  pandak 
and  k.  alang. 

K.  sempana  :  the  ordinary  keris  with  3,  5,  or  7 
curves  in  the  blade, 

K.  silam  upeh :  a  keris  resembling  the  k. 
sapukal^  but  naving  a  narrower  blade. 

K.  kUamsani  (Ht.  Sh.) ;  k.  dahong  pati  (Ht. 
Sh.)  ;  k.  melela  (Ht.  Ind.  Nata)  ;  unidentified 
varieties  of  the  Javanese  keris. 

The  addition  oiganja  iras  to  any  of  the  above 
names  (e.  g.,  k.  sempana  ganja  iras,  Ht.  Raj. 
Don.,  13)  signifies  that  the  blade  and  guard 
iganja)  of  the   keris  are  in  one  piece. 

Buntiit  k.  :  the  ferrule  at  the  base  of  the  keris- 
sheath. 

Pamor  k. :  the  damascening  of  the  keris. 

Sampir  k. :  that  portion  of  the  ft^ns-sheath 
which  covers  the  guard.  It  looks  like  a  cross 
piece  on  the  sheath  proper. 

Sarong  k. :  the  ft^s-sheath. 

Ukas  k.  :  a  shell  (malleus)  found  in  Celebes  and 
resembling  in  form  the  sheath  of  a  keris. 

Ulu  k. :  the  handle  of  a  keris. 


-iu^p     kdrsani.      Best    kersani :     Khorassan     iron ; 
better  <i^r»"* 

»^     kdrSsut.     I.     A  groove  cut  in  planks. 


by 


L?^ 


./ 


LTty 


r 


II.  The  puckering  up  of  a  child's  face 
before  it  cries  ;  crumpled  up,  of  a  piece  of 
paper.     Cf.  keresut. 

kSristam.     An  Indian  cotton  fabric  ;  v.  d.  W. 

kSrSsang.  I.  Dry  and  stiff,  of  the  hair  ;  dry 
and  unfertile,  of  the  soil ;  the  stiffness  of  cloth 
when  covered  with  coagulated  matter ; 
unusual,  unnatural  or  artificial  stiffness  in 
what  is  generally  a  soft  material. 
II.     A  brooch  ;  better  kerosang. 

k6rSsak.     (Onom.)    The  noise  made  by  dry 
leaves  when  stepped  on. 

kSrSsek.     L     (Riau,  Johor.)   Gravel,    coarse 
sand ;  (Kedah)  geresek. 

II.  (Onom.)  A  noise  such  as  that  made  by 
dry  leaves  when  the  wind  blows ;  the 
mysterious  noises  of  the  jungle. 

Tekeresek    bimyi   di-changak   rata, 
Takiit   h^haya   di-dalam    sulip : 

at  the  least  sound  he  glances  quickly  around  ; 
he  fears  danger  in  what  he  cannot  see.  Cf. 
keresak. 

kSrSsok.     (Onom.)     A   sound  similar  to  that 
described  by  keresak,  but  duller  in  tone. 

kSrSsul.     (Kedah.)     Coarse  and  stiff,  of  hair 
that  is  never  oiled.    Also  (Singapore)  kerusul. 

kursi.     Arab.     Stool,    seat,    chair;   Ht.    Sg. 
Samb. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  10,  21. 
K.unggity  k.  goyang,  or  k.malas:   (Kedah)  a* 
rocking-chair. 

^y     kSrfisai.     Crispness,  in  cooked  rice. 

f'y     kSrang.    I.    An  edible  shell-fish,  arca\  Kam. 
^         Kech.,  6;  Sh.  A.   R.  S.  J.,  4;  Sh.   Peng.,  5 ; 

Ht,   Abd.,    284.    K.  bulu :  a  variety   of  this 

shell-fish. 
IL    Rough  earthenware  of  Chinese  make. 

III.  Kerong'kerang :  (Onom.)  A  clanging 
sound  as  of  brass-ware  falling  on  a  stone 
surface  ;  Sh.  Peng.,  17. 

IV.  Kerang'kerup  :  a  species  of  sirehhox  ;  Kl. 


&1? 


if 


kSring.  I.  Dryness;  dry.  K.  kirontang: 
extreme  dryness.  KMngayer  mata-nya:  his 
tears  were  dried  up.  Belulang  kering :  a  dry 
hide  (which  won't  absorb  moisture) ;  a  pitiless 
miser  ;  Prov.  Kain  basah  kering  di-pinggang : 
(wearing)  bathing  garments  which  are  allowed 
to  dry  on  the  body;  having  no  change  of 
garments ;  extreme  destitution ;  Prov.  Kering 
laut  tanah  Melaka :  when  the  sea  round 
Malacca  becomes  dry  land ;  when  the  Greek 
Calends  come  round  ;  Prov. 


K^RONG 


[    513    ] 


KfeRfiKUT 


If 


Batok  k,  :  consumption. 

Ikan  k. :  dried  fish. 

Ktiweh  k. :  a  cake  made  of  egg  and  flour 
cooked  in  a  flower-like  mould. 

Tulang  k. :  the  shinbone  or  tibia, 

Kekeringan :  dryness.  K,  saperti  ikan  yang 
kenajemor :  the  dryness  of  fish  that  have  been 
dried  in  the  sun;  extreme  dryness;  Prov.,  Ht. 
Abd.,   216. 

Keringkan  :  to  dry  ;  Muj.,  58.  Mengeringkan  : 
id.,  Muj.,  51. 

IL     (Onom.)    A  ringing  sound,  sharper  in  | 
tone  than  that  described  by  kerang.  \ 

kSrong.  I.  (Onom.)  A  deep  metallic  sound;  | 
cf.  kerang,  \ 

II.     Cutting  a  round  hole  through  anything;  | 
boring ;  a  round  hollow  cutting. 

kgrengseng,  I.  A  brazen  vessel  for  oil  and  i 
other  liquids.    Also  gerengsmg,  \ 

II.     Mtilut  terkerengseng :  di  grinning  mouth;  i 

a  mouth  the  teeth  of  which  are  exposed  by  a  \ 

harelip  or  other  deformity  which  gives  the  | 

mouth  the  semblance  of  a  grin ;  Sh.  Peng.,  19.  | 

Also    (Riau)    gerengseng ;    (Johor)     kereseng ;  \ 

(Kedah)  gerising,  \ 

kSrongsang.  A  native  brooch  fastening  the  ; 
kebaya  together;  also  (Singapore)  k^rosang ;  \ 
(Riau,  Johor)  keronsang ;  (Kedah)  keresang,         \ 

i 

kgrangkang.  The  fork ;  the  point  where  the  I 
lower  limbs  meet ;  cf,  kangkang.  \ 

kSrongkong.     The  gullet ;  v.  wngkong,  \ 

\ 

kSrengkek.     See  kerengkel 

kgrengkel.  Berkerengkel :  (Riau,  Johor)  to 
spread,  of  a  skin-disease  like  puru  or  kurap. 
Also  (Kedah)  kerengkek, 

kgrSngkam.  (Riau.)  A  seaweed  found  on 
coral  reefs.     Also  (Kedah)  ringkam  karang, 

kSringkam.  Kain  keringkam  :  (Riau)  an  Indian 
cloth  fabric;  also  kain  kelingkam  and  kain 
kelengkang, 

kgrgngga.  I.  The  red  ant,  the  bite  of  which 
is  very  painful ;  Ht.  Abd.,  406 ;  Ht.  Jay. 
Lengg. ;  Marsd.  Gr.,  210. 

Btdoh   telor  di-buwat  Urompet^ 
Bila   di-iiyup   lidah  terapit ; 

Sa-ekor   kircngga  datang  mSnggigit 
Jantong  lempedu   berasa  sakit, 

when  a  red  ant  comes  and  bites  you,  you  feel 
the  pain  of  it  in  your  very  heart  and  spleen. 

II.  KerSngga-mtinggu :  a  spice ;  amomrmi 
cardamonmm. 


if 


kSrap.  Repetition,  frequency.  K,  kali: 
frequently,  repeatedly,  often.  Kerap  ka- 
mahaligai  puteri :  he  was  always  going  to  the 
princess's  palace;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  26. 

Kerapi :  to  repeat ;  to  keep  repeating  anything, 
e.  ^.,  doses  of  medicine  ;  Muj.,  51. 

II.     (Onom.)     The  sound  of  rapping. 

-^      k6rip.     (Onom.)    Mengerip  :  to  gnaw,  as  mice. 

ip      kfirup.     (Onom.)    A    sound  such  as  that  of  a 
man  munching  crisp  cakes. 


ltV' 


S    karpus 


■/ 


[Port,  capuz,]  A  long  knitted  cap 
worn  by  a  child ;  a  knitted  cap  similar  to  that 
sometimes  worn  by  boys  playing  football. 

k§r§pas.     1.    (Onom.)     A  rustling  sound. 

II.  The  dregs  of  anything ;  sediment,  such 
as  is  left  in  a  cup  of  coffee  or  in  an  inkstand. 

III.  Tekerepas  :  (Kedah)  startled  ;  =  terkejtit. 
kgrSpis  and  kergpus.    Variants  of  kercpas,  L 

kerdpak,  kgrepek  and  kgrSpok.    The  sound 

of  anything  cracking ;  the  sound  of  a  breaking 
branch  or  twig  ;  crackling. 

43p      k^rSpoh.     Ikan  kerepoh  :  a  fish  (unidentified). 


u^. 


LT^f 


}f 


J/ 


^ 


3f 


^f 


kgrSpai.  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  powder  flask,  Ht. 
Abd.,  106 ;  =  (Kedah)  kerapai, 

kdrak.  I .  The  scorched  pieces  of  food  adher- 
ing to  the  sides  of  a  saucepan.  Keras-keras 
kerak,  di-baboh  ayer  longkahjnga :  however  hard 
the  saucepan  refuse  may  be,  it  will  soften 
when  water  is  applied ;  however  angry  a  true 
friend  may  be,  a  few  kind  words  will  restore 
harmony ;  Prov.  Balek  k, :  to  return  for  the 
refuse  ;  a  proverbial  metaphor  used  of  a  man 
who  remarries  his  divorced  wife  through  the 
medium  of  a  nmhalUL  Berkerak :  covered 
with  burnt  food;  a  proverbial  expression 
descriptive  of  a  man  who  is  very  dirty,  or, 
by  metaphor,  who  has  many  debts. 

II.   (Onom.)    A  sound  such  as  that  of  a  man 
cracking  nuts  or  hard  biscuits  with  his  teeth. 

kSrek.     (Onom.)    A    sound    similar   to   that 

described  by  A^raife,  II.,  but  sharper  in  tone; 
the  gnawing  of  a  mouse  ;  cf,  kerip, 

kSrok.  I.  (Onom.)  A  dull  cracking  or  croak- 
ing sound ;  the  croaking  of  a  frog,  Ht.  Sg, 
Samb. ;  the  gnawing  of  a  large  rat,  cf.  kerip 
and  kerek, 

II.  A  curry-comb.    Also  kMda, 

III.  Kerok'kirok  :  a  card-game. 

IV.  (Singapore.)   The  fruit  fly ;  more  usually 
bari'bari. 

kSrSkut.     A  chain  for  closing  a  door. 


KURKUR 


[    514    ] 


KfeRONTANG 


J' 


J/ 


J/ 


J/ 

r/ 


ktirkur.  (Onom.)  The  note  of  the  Malay 
turtle-dove  {Ukukor), 

kSrfikap.  (Onom.)  Kerikap-kerikup :  a  crack- 
ing and  crunching  sound  such  as  that  made 
by  a  dog  eating  bones.     Cf.   kerekak, 

kSrSkup.     I.    See  kerekap. 

II.  Btiwah  kerekup  :  the  fruit  of  allomorphia 
griffithii, 

kdrSkak.     Onom.     Crunching;  the  sound  of 

crunching.      Mengerekak :     to      crunch      up. 
Mengerekak  otak  di-minmn-nya  darah :  crunching 
up  the  bones  and  drinking  the  blood;    Ht.  : 
Ind^  Meng.    Maka  Girgasi  dan  Raksasa  pun  \ 
herperang'lah  kerekak-mengerekak  :  the  Gargasis  I 
and  Raksasas  fought   with  their   teeth ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Meng.    Cf.    kerekah  and  kerekap, 

kurkum.     Arab.    Kurkuma;  saffron. 

kSrSkau.     Clawing  ;  cf.  chekau  and  geregau,        \ 

kSrSkah.  (Onom.)  Crushing,  gnawing  (of  a  I 
wild  animal  tearing  its  prey  and  crushing  the  i 
bones);  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  217;  Ht.  Mar.   Mah.  ! 

Also  kerekak^  q.  v.  i 

karki.    Arab.    The  crane, 

kSrSki.     Tarn.    The  blinds  of  a  palanquin. 

kSrul.  [Eng. :  curl  ?]  Curled  ;  stiffened  into  ; 
curls.  Sikat  k. :  a  comb  worn  in  the  hair.  \ 
Minyak  k,:  pomatum.   Rambui  k. :  curly  hair.     | 

kSrfiling  or  kfirling.  A  side-glance  ;  a  meaning  | 
look  out  of  the  corner  of  the  eye.  Di-kerling-  \ 
nya  dengan  ekor  mata-nya  :  she  looked  at  him  | 
out  of  the  corner  of  her  eye ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.       1 

MBngerling :  to  give  a     side-glance ;  to  cast  | 
sheep's  eyes  at  a  person ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Sh. 
Lail.  Mejn.,  8.     Mengerlingkan  ekor  mata:\d,\ 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata.    MengirMg  is  also  used  of  the 
twinkling  of  the  stars;  Sh.  Bun  Pungg.,  17. 

kfirfilap  or  kSflap.  I.  Glitter,  glistening. 
MlngirHap :  to  glitter ;  Ht.  Koris.,  Ht.  Best. 

II.  A  momentary  snooze  ;  dropping  off  to 
sleep  for  a  moment  or  two  when  sitting  or 
lying  down  without  the  intention  of  seeking 
sleep. 

kSrfilip.  Flickering;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam,,  197;  the 
frequentative  of  keltpf  q.  v. 

karam.     Arab.     Nobility,  magnanimity. 

kSrma.  I.  [Skr.  karma,]  A  curse.  Tiyada 
btileh  jatoh  kerma  pada  orang  lain  :  the  curse 
cannot  fall  on  any  one  else;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed^ 
Papakerma  :  an  accident ;  J,  S.  A^  S.,  III.,  73. 

II.  [Skr.  kdma,]  Betara  kerma :  the  God 
Kama;  the  Hindu  God  of  Love.  Kerma 
wijaya  :  victorious  Love  ;  better  kmna  jaya. 


S     korma.     [Arab,    khurma.]     The   date    fruit ; 


'  Muj.,  27.     Better  khurma. 

O^^     kSrambil.     (Menangkabau.)    The  coconut. 

T'y^y     kSramboja.     [Skr.   tarambuja,]    A  melon. 

f^^     k§rSmang.    A  plant-name  (unidentified) ;  Kl. 

vfS^A^p     k6r§mangka.    A  plant ;  draccena  maingayi. 

<\[^*^  kSrampagi.    Tam.    A  razor-bowl. 

^  <^  kSrampang.     The  fork  ;   the  point  where  the 
JT^       lower  limbs  meet  th 


L^. 


the  body. 

^S     kSremak.    A  generic  name  for  a  number 
plants ;  e,  g,: — 


of 


K,  btikit :  alternanthera  sessilis. 

K,  jantan  :  eclipta  alba, 

K,  rusa  :  hygrophila  silicifolia, 

K,  susti. :  euphorbia  pilltdifera. 

Akark, :  ruellia repem  znd ipomea  angmtifolia. 

4xXa^     kfirfemunting.     The  rose-myrtle ;  rhodomyrius 
^  tomentosa ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.,  Ht.   Ind.  Jaya ;  Ht. 

Abd.,  196.     Also  kemtmting, 
Akar   k. :  anplecUim  divaricattmt, 

^U>  <^  kSrmanichi.     A  Malay  dish  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 
kfirgmah*     Siput     kerimah :     a     shell ;     oliva 


-/ 


subtdata  and  oliva  nobilis. 


^  kfirfimi.      L       (Johor.)      C hacking       kh'emi : 
iSJr        intestinal  worms ;  also  (Riau)  chaching  k^rami, 

II.  Say  or  keremd  :  wild  herbs  (unidentified). 

III.  (Singapore.)    Ikan  keremi  :  the  sucking- 
fish;  =  (Riau)  ikan  gemi,  (Kedah)  ikan ged^mi, 

.  S     k6ran.     A  small  portable  stove  or  brazier. 
.  <^  k@nm.     The  glass  hangings  of  a  chandelier. 

\;,p     kgrdna.     Because  ;  v.  ^J^ 

oJy     kSranta.     A  species  of  worm  (unidentified). 
^  ..•  <^  k6r6ntat.     Dwarfed,  stunted. 

^<^  kgrenting.     I.     (Onom.)     The    chinking    of 
C!y        the  metal ;  the  clinking  of  glass. 

11.     Woolly,  curly,  of  the  hair.    More  usually 
kereting, 

^^.<^  kSrmteng    or   kSrinting.    Shell-fish    dried 
^J^       for  preservation. 

yCip     kSrontang.     Parched ;  extremely  dry.   Kering 
^^       A.:  id. 


KfeRUNTING 


[    515    ] 


KfeEUBUT 


^rj' 


kSrUBting.  A  wooden  clapper  worn  as  a  I 
sort  of  bell  by  buffaloes.  i 

kgrentil  or  (Kedah)  kgrintil-  I.  Abundant;  ' 
hanging  down  abundantly,  of  fruit  on  the  1 
branches  of  a  tree. 

II.  (Kedah.)     Patches  of  discoloration    on 
the  skin  of  the  arm, 

kSrontul.  Hanging  down  heavily  as  well  as 
abundantly  (of  fruit  on  a  bough.)   QiJicrentily  I. 

kSranjat.  Terkermijat :  startled ;  =:terp^ranjat.  \ 
See  peranjat, 

kSranJang.  A  coarse  sack  of  bamboo;  Ht. 
Abd.,  363. 

kSranJi.  A  generic  name  for  a  number  of  trees; 
Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  13 ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  10 ; 
J.  I.  A.,  IIL,  448. 

K.  burong :  dialium  tnaingayi. 

K.  papan :    dialiimt    laurimmi    and   dialium 
platy  Sep  alum, 

K.  tembaga :  (Selangor)  dialiwn  platyscpalimu 

iv.  tuiibuf :  dialium  patens, 

Akar  k,  :  hydnocarpus,  sp. 

Asam  k. :  diaUimi  induin, 

kSrSnchat.  Dwarfed ;  of  fult  age,  but  not  of 
full  size  (of  men  and  trees). 

k^raiLCliang.  Emas  keranchang  :  tinsel,  gold 
foil.     Also  kerajang. 

ker6nchang,k6r6ncheng,  andkgrgnchong. 

(Onom.)     Clinking,     chinking,     clanging    or  ; 
ringing  sounds ;  metallic  resonance. 

kgrencheng.  (Onom.)  The  triangle  (musical  I 
instrument).  1 

kMnclimg.  (Kedah.)  Diminutive,  dow  of  * 
growth;  short  and  thin  for  his  age,  of  a  boy. 

kSronchang,     A    variant   of  keranchang,  and 

kerajang,  q.  v. 

kgronchong.     1.     A  large  hollow  anklet ;  Sej. 
MaL,  91;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,   i5;jHt.  Mar.  Mah. ;  > 
tit.  Koris. 

n.     The  inner  end  of  a  fish-trap.     Saperti  \ 
ikan    dalam    ke.ronchong :   like   a   fish   in   the  \ 
inmost   part   of  a   trap ;  hopelessly   caught ; 
Prov. 

III.  (Onom.)  A  bell,  hung  from  the  neck 
of  a  buffalo  or  bullock ;  a  noisy  clapper  for 
frightening  birds  from  a^i^^'-field ;  a  cage  in 
which  a  dog  is  placed,  the  cage  being  then  . 
suspended  from  a  tree  for  the  night  so  that  the  ; 
howling  of  the  dog  may  frighten  away  animals 
and  birds,  I 


^/ 


./ 


kSroncho.  A  fish  (unidentified).  SapMi 
keroncho  dengan  belangkas  :  like  the  king-crab 
and  the  keroncho;  a  proverbial  simile  for 
affection. 

kSranda.  [Skr.  karanda.]  A  native  coffin 
(made  of  three  planks) ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.,  Ht. 
Ind.  Jaya,  Ht.  Koris. 

Buwah  k, :  (Kedah)  a  fruit  (unidentified). 


k^P      kSronsang.     (Riau.)      The    native     brooch ; 
C7^         also  kerongsang  and  kerosang, 

^y     k§rnu.     [Port,   como,]     A   gun-powder  horn. 


sZ^^j^ 


4jy 


kSrSnai.     Cutting  or  slicing  into  small  pieces. 

kdrniya.  [Skr.  kdnmiya.]  Favour,  kind- 
ness from  a  superior  to  an  inferior ;  the  favour 
or  mercy  of  God  or  of  a  prince ;  a  grant  of  a 
gift  from  a  superior  to  an  inferior.  Jikalau 
ada  kerniya  tuwanku :  if  Your  Highness  pleases. 
Sireh  k. :  sirek  bestowed  by  a  superior  as  a 
mark  of  favour  on  a  subject ;  Ht.  Ind,  Meng. 

Mengerniyai :  to  favour;  to  grant ;  to  bestow 
upon  a  subject. 

kferSnnyat.  lOnom.)  KermnyaUkemmyut : 
a  sound  such  as  the  creaking  of  oars.  Also 
keriyang-keriyut  and  keriyat-keriyut, 

kfirgnnyit.  I.  The  knitting  of  the  brows;  a 
movement  of  the  eyebrows  not  as  the  result 
of  anger  but  as  a  signal. 

II.     Convulsive  quivering  ;  cf.  kerenuyut, 

kfirSunyut.  I.  Nervous  quivering  of  the 
body  ;  palsied  shaking ;  trembling  in  a  greater 
degree  than  that  described  by  kerenuyit. 

II.     See  kerennyai. 

k6rgnnyeilg.     Angry  snarling. 

kSrgianyam.  Constant  and  irregular  move- 
ment; the  fidgets  of  a  man  suffering  from  the 
itch. 

k6?c63anyau.  I .  H  arsh,  grating,  quarrelsome, 
querulous, — of  the  voice  of  a  man  of  an  ill- 
natured  disposition. 

II.  Hairy,  of  the  nostrils ;  with  hair  project- 
ing from  the  cavity  of  the  nose. 

III.  Extremely  indecent  and  vulgar 
behaviour, 

kgrSnnyeh.  Grinning;  a  grin  of  pleasure  or 
satisfaction  ;  the  facial  contortion  of  a  monkey. 

k§ru.  (Kedah.)  A  cry  for  calling  fowls;  see 
kur, 

kSrubut.     I.     A  plant,  thottea  grandiflora. 

XL  A  rush  to  a  single  spot  (such  as  occurs 
when  a  man  throws  a  coin  into  the  centre  of  a 
crowd). 

in.     (Kedah.)     A  padi-hssn. 


kSrubong 


[  516  ] 


KiSRUYUP 


&>/ 


^.Xr 


<r 


kerubong.  I.  Jav.  The  gathering  of  people; 
the  formation  of  a  crowd ;  to  crowd  together ;  to 
meet  together.  Kerubongi  and  mengerubongi  : 
to  mob;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.     Cf.  kerumun. 

IL  (Penang.)  A  padi'h3.rn;  a  small  store- 
house built  of  pandan  leaves. 

kSrobak.  I.  Heavily  pockmarked  ;  pock- 
pitted ;  Kl.,  v.  d.  W,,  Pijn. 

IL  The  cutting  of  a  wide  hole  or  aperture 
through  a  wall  or  partition  (as  w^hen  a  house- 
breaker obtains  ingress  to  a  house)  ;  cf.  kerebok, 
which  refers  to  a  small  hole  only. 

III.  Kerobak'kerabek :  plucked  ox  picked  to 
pieces ;  cf.  robak  and  rabek, 

kfirobek.  Plucking  out  or  picking  out  small 
pieces  of  anything ;  picking  out  the  contents 
of  anything  a  pinch  at  a  time.  Cf.  robek, 
kerobak,  kerabek,  etc. 

Kerobek'kelebek  :  id.,  but  frequentative. 
*3vLr     kSrobok.     A  provision-hamper. 


b^ 


f 


hijf 


Oi^ 


<r 


■o^' 


o=rj/ 


r 


k§rubi.  A  species  of  wasp  or  hornet  (according 
to  Abdullah's  dictionary). 

kSruwit.  I.  C hacking  keruwit :  intestinal 
worms.     Also  chaching  kerawit, 

II.  A  movement  of  the  tip  of  anything, — as, 
for  instance,  when  a  cat,  otherwise  at  rest, 
sways  the  tip  of  its  tail  from  side  to  side. 

kgrotot.  Deeply  furrowed,  of  the  face.  Cf. 
keredut  and  kenitii, 

kSrutup.  I.  (Penang.)  Assault  by  a  gang; 
the  attack  of  many  persons  upon  one, 

II.     (Ononi.)     A  cracking  sound. 

kerutu.  Wrinkled,  lined,  of  the  face.  Cf. 
kerotot  (which  is  a  stronger  expression),  keredut , 
and  kedut.  Masakan  katak  puru  selalu  berkerutu, 
di-ttmpa  hujan  linchin  juga :  will  a  toad  be 
always  rough  to  the  touch  ?  When  it  is  rained 
upon  it  becomes  slippery ;  Prov. 

kirochok.  An  instrument  somewhat  sug- 
gestive of  a  rattle ;  it  serves  to  attract  the 
parang-parang  fish  and  is  used  for  that  purpose 
by  fishermen. 


xZj^^    kfirudut.     Wrinkled  ;  a  variant  of  kMdut. 
'3? 


^       < 


kSrosot,  or  kgrusut.    Very  much  entangled, 
a  frequentative  or  intensifier  of  ktisut^  q.  v. 


^X^ 


<r 


kSrosek.     (Onom.)     The  washing  of  rice  in  a 
saucepan  ;  =  kosek,  but  frequentative. 

kSrosok.     (Onom.)    The  rustling  of  dry  leaves 
when  a  man  walks  over  them ;  cf.  keresek, 

kdrusill.     (Singapore.)     Coarse    and    stiff,  of 
unoiled  hair;  also  (Kedah)  kerestd, 

kSrosi  or  kSrusi.      [Arab,  kursi.]   A  chair  ;  v. 
ktirsi. 


^^< 


./ 


kf 


kSruwing.    A  generic  name  given  to  a  number 
of    trees    yielding    a    special   kind    of     oil ; 
dipterocarpns       cormitus,      and      dipterocarpus 
hasseltit. 
K,  biiloh  :  dipterocarpus  crinitus, 
K,  chayer  :  dipterocarpus  kerrii, 
K,  dadeh  :  dipterocarpus  pterygocalyx. 

kSruput.  A  preparation  of  meat  or  fish;  also 
keropok, 

kfiropas.  Keropas-kerapis :  odds  and  ends; 
small  miscellaneous  articles  of  every 
description. 

kfiruping.  The  crust  which  forms  over  a  sore 
or  wound  while  it  is  healing.     Cf.  kuping, 

kSropok.  A  condiment  made  of  fish  and 
flour,  and  eaten  with  rice.  Also  keruput. 
K,  jangat :  strips  of  beef  fried  in  oil. 

kdrokot  or  kgrukut.  Curled  up,  twisted, 
bent ;  curling,  as  the  leaves  of  certain  plants ; 
dislocated  and  distorted,  of  a  limb ;  bent,  as 
the  arm  when  twisted  inwards ;  clinging  and 
hanging  on,  as  a  child  which  hangs  from  his 
mother's  skirts  and  raises  his  feet  off  the 
ground  to  detain  her  by  his  weight  when  he  is 
unwilling  to  part  with  her.  Cf.  kttku,  ktikut, 
kerekut,  etc. 

kSrumit.     I.     To  gnaw. 

II.    Slow  crawling  progress.  Jalau  terkerumit- 
kerumit :  to  crawl  along,  to  creep  along. 

kSrumus.  I.  Wild  hugging  and  kissing  (as 
when  two  women  part) . 

1 1.     (Kedah.)     Dirt,    in  food  that  has  been 
insufficiently  washed  or  carelessly  cooked. 

kSromong.  A  set  of  twelve  gongs  forming 
part  of  thegamelan  or  Javanese  orchestral  set. 

kerumun.  Crowding  together ;  massing ; 
mobbing;  collecting  in  one  place.  Jin  sa-orang 
di'kermnun  raksasa  sa-ratus :  a  single  spirit 
mobbed  by  a  hundred  goblins  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 
Kerumuni  :  to  mob ;  Ht.  Koris.  Berkerumun  : 
to  gather  together ;  to  assemble ;  to  come 
together  of  a  crowd;  Ht.  Abd.,  83,  206,  207, 
248,  etc.     Cf.  kerubong, 

keruwan.  [Jav.;  from  weruh,^  =  (Malay) 
tahu.]  Tiyada  keruwan  :  indescribable ;  inde- 
scribably confused ;  =  ta'-ketahuwan.  Meratap 
tiyada  keruwan :  to  lament  extraordinarily 
copiously;  Sh.  Bid.,  41.  Rupa  tiyada  keruwan  : 
an  extraordinary  or  indescribable  appearance  ; 
Sh.  Bur,  Pungg.,  18.  &ntah  ka-mana  belum 
keruwan :  whither,  I  cannot  say ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

kS3ruiias.  (Penang.)  To  pick  to  pieces ;  to 
exhaust  a  store  by  taking  small  quantities  at 
a  time. 

kSruyup.  Extreme  domesticity  ;  uxoriousness. 


kIirah 


[  517  ] 


kSresut 


^^  kSrah.  The  calling  together  of  people  for 
any  general  service  such  as  a  corvee,  or  for 
mutual  defence;  summoning  to  a  public 
assembly.  Korang-korang  di-kerah  lebeh-lebeh 
iya  hmdak  datang :  the  fewer  summoned 
together,  the  more  are  likely  to  come;  Sej. 
MaL,  134. 

J  urn  k. :  an  official  subordinate  of  the  batin 
or  chief  of  a  tribe  of  Orang  Laut. 

Mengerahkan :  to  call  (the  people)  together; 
to  summon  all  ahke ;  Sej.  Mai.,  83;  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya. 

Pengcrah :  he  who  (or  that  which)  calls 
together  a  general  assembly  of  the  people. 
Gong  p,  :  a  gong  used  for  this  purpose  ;  Ht.  Sh. 

toy  kSreh.  I.  Laborious,  difficult;  slowly  pro- 
gressing, owing  to  obstacles  in  the  way. 

II.     The  chattering  of  monkeys. 

top  kSroh.  I.  Turbidity,  of  liquid;  disturbance 
^  causing  a  liquid  to  become  foul.  Ada-kah 
pernah  telaga  yang  keroh  mengalir  ayer-nya 
jerneh  :  is  the  flow  of  a  turbid  pool  ever 
composed  of  limpid  water  ;  can  you  expect  figs 
from  thistles;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  450. 

K.  hati  :  ill-temper,  malicious  feeling.  Jerneh- 
kan  hati,  jangan-lah  keroh  :  purify  your 
disposition,  get  rid  of  ill-feeling;  Sh.  Nas.,  II. 
Buwangkan  ayer  yang  keroh,  mengambil  ayer 
yang  jerneh :  empty  out  the  dirty  water  and 
get  clean  ;  a  proverbial  expression  to  the  same 
effect. 

IL  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  snoring;  snoring; 
=  dengkor,  but  usually  suggesting  less  harsh 
a  sound.  Naga  itii-piin  tidor  dan  bunyi  keroh- 
nya  saperti  petir :  the  dragon  was  asleep  and 
the  sound  of  its  snoring  weis  as  that  of  thunder; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 


sf 


iSip     k§rai.     A  sleeping  platform  ;  better  ^Jra/,  q.  v. 

(Sp  kSri.  A  sort  of  sickle  ;  a  knife  for  cutting  out 
W'eeds  after  the  padi  has  been  planted. 

(<p  kSriya.  Kuweh  keriya  :  a  sweetmeat  made  of 
iibi  keledek,  tepong  jawi,  and  sugar,  cooked  in 
oil  and  steeped  in  molasses. 

^  S  koriya.  A  score ;  a  measure  of  numeration 
occasionally  used  in  commerce. 

^r^S    kfiribas.     To  shake  a  fan  or  any  flat  thin  body 
^^^        held  in  the  hand  ;  a  frequentative  of  kibas,  q.  v. 
Cf.  also  kipas, 

CWr  kSriyat.  Keriyat-keriynt :  (Onom.)  the  sound 
of  oars  moving  in  their  rowlocks  or  of  a  door 
creaking  on  its  hinges.     Also  keriyang-keriytit, 

ip     k6riyut.     See  keriyai. 

iy     kSreta.      [Port,  carreta,]     A  carriage,  a  cart; 
a  vehicle  generally. 


K,  angin  :  (Straits  Settlements)  a  switchback 
railway. 

K,  apt :  a  railway  or  steam  tramway, 

K.  asap :  a  railway,  Ht.  Abd.,  444  ;  but  k.  apt 
is  the  word  in  colloquial  use. 

K.  becha  :  [Chin. :  be-chhia]  ajinrikisha.  Also 
(Singapore)  k.  hongkong, 

K,  bogi :  a  hooded  vehicle;  a  victoria  or  a 
buggy  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  234. 

iv.  dokat :  a  dog-cart.     Also  k,  lokat, 

K.  hanUi :  (Singapore)  a  motor-car;  (elsewhere) 
a  name  sometimes  given  to  a  bicycle. 

A',  hongkong :  (Singapore)  a  jinrikisha. 

K,  kerbau :  a  buffalo-cart. 

K,  lemhii  :  a  bullock-cart. 

K,  lereng  :  a  bicycle. 

K,  lokat :  a  dogcart ;  also  k.  dokat, 

K,  pelangkeng :  a  palanquin,  when  the  cha- 
racter of  the  vehicle  is  specified.  Otherwise 
the  expression  k.  sewa  is  used  of  palanquins 
serving  as  hackney  carriages. 

A',  sa-kcrat :  a  shandrydan  as  used  in  Province 
Wellesley,  Perak,  and  the  country  districts  of 
Penang. 

A',  sewa :  a  hackney  carriage. 

Bariit  k.  :  a  long  wrapper  worn  by  infants. 

Ikan  k. :  a  fish  {nautilus  pompilius,  v.  d.  W). 
According  to  description  it  should  be  an 
octopus. 

Naikk.:   to  go  for  a   carriage   drive;    Ht. 
Abd.,  94. 

Pasang  k,:  to  prepare  a  carriage  for  use  ;  to 
harness  horses  to  a  carriage. 

Sa-buwah  k, :  one  carriage. 

Sewa  /v. ;  carriage  or  cart  hire. 

Berkereta  :  to  be  in  a  carriage. 


kSretut. 

wavv. 


Uneven,   of  sewing;   unequal   and 


^^     kfireting  or  keriting.    Woolly  or  curly,  of 
^  the  hair;  Ht.  Mar,  Mah. 


j€/ 


kdrichal.  The  slave  of  a  pachal  (himself  a 
slave) ;  tlie  slave  of  the  meanest  of  slaves, 
used  as  a  term  of  extreme  inferiority  or 
self-abasement. 


"Aj  ^  kdredak.  Dry  flaky  dirt  on  the  body;  covered 
with  caketl  filth  ;  (by  metaphor)  smothered  in 
debt. 

t3-^  keridek.  The  mole-cricket,  the  note  of  which 
is  heard  in  the  jungle  about  sunset.  Bunyi  k,  : 
when  the  mole-cricket  is  heard,  t.  ^.,  about  5.30 
p.m.  Sabong  k, :  to  make  these  mole-crickets 
light ;  an  amusement  among  Malay  boys. 


/ 


kferesut  ork6risut.     Puckering  the  forehead. 


65 


K&RISING 


[    518    ] 


kSstubi 


J^y 


< 


o-^^ 


< 


< 


iSr\r 


kSrising.  Just  revealing  the  interior,  as  the 
mouth  of  a  man  when  the  lips  are  slightly 
parted  permitting  the  teeth  to  be  just  seen,  or  as 
a  durian  when  a  crack  just  shows  its  contents. 

kdrisek.     I.     Sand,    gravel ;     a     variant     of 
keresekf  q.  v. 
11.     A  preparation  of  bananas. 

kdrisi.  Ikan  kerisi:  a  fish  (unidentified);  Sh, 
Ik.  Trub.,  19. 

kSriyang.  A  plant,  archytea  vahlii.  Also 
riyang'riyang, 

kSreput.  Wrinkling  up  or  shrivelling  round  a 
central  point  (as  the  skin  round  an  old  boil 
or  scar). 

kfirepes.  Moving  the  fingers  in  search  of 
anything ;  groping  with  the  fingers  only. 


<^f 


kgrepek. 

sugar. 


A  round  flat  cake  of  sago-meal  and 


j^/ 


Oi 


iT 


kuripan.  A  state  in  Java  ;  a  kingdom  which 
played  a  considerable  part  in  Javanese  history 
between  1000  and  1300  A.  D. ;  the  home  of 
the  hero  Sri  Panji  or  Sira  Panji. 

kSriyok.  (Onom.)  The  crowing  of  many 
cocks;  a  frequentative  of  kiyok,  q.  v. 

kfireket.  Completely  closed  up,  of  the  hand ; 
completely  shrivelled  up  into  scroll-shape,  of 
the  extremities  of  certain  climbing  plants. 
Cf.  kerekui, 

kfirekut.  The  curling  or  warping  of  certain 
substances  when  exposed  to  the  influence  of 
great  heat ;  the  shrivelling  up  of  paper  when 
thrown  into  the  fire ;  shrivelled  up,  curly,  or 
hook-shaped,  if  loosely  curling  and  not  tightly 
closed.  Orang  k. :  a  miser  (who  coils  round 
property  and  will  not  part  with  it) ;  Prov. 

kSrikal.  I.  A  large  flat  tray  or  salver ;  a  tray 
such  as  would  be  supported  by  more  than  one 
person  or  by  one  person  in  both  hands ;  Sej. 
Mai.,  92,  159;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  92;  Ht.  Ism. 
Yat.,  76. 

11.     Bain  kerikal :  flint ;  Ht  Isk.  Dz. 

kdrikam.  Kain  kerikam :  a  coarse  fabric  of 
linen  from  India ;  Sh.  Bid.,  89.  Also  keringkam. 

karim.  Arab.  Merciful,  generous.  Al-karhn  : 
the  All-Merciful ;  God. 

kSremut  or  kSrimut.  The  twitching  or 
puckering  of  the  face ;  to  pucker  up  the  face, 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

kdrimun.  Pulau  kSrimun  :  the  '*  Carimons"  ; 
a  group  of  islands  not  very  far  from  Singapore. 


^ 


kSrenall.  I.  Composed  of  many  items; 
working  at  many  things ;  miscellaneous  (of  work 
or  material) ;  possessed  of  an  uncertain  temper, 
capricious, 

II.     (Penang.)     To  unintentionally  reveal  a 
secret ;  "  to  let  the  cat  out  of  the  bag.  " 

kSriyau.  Crying  out ;  making  a  loud  noise  or 
uproar.  Blrkeriyau  pint  a  tolong :  crying  for 
help ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

kas.  L  Kas-ktis :  (Onom.)  the  sound  of 
Europeans  talking  to  each  other;  the  general 
impression  left  on  a  Malay  ear  by  European 
speech.     Cf.  cho-che  and  gerok-gerak, 

II.  Eur.     A  packing-case. 

III.  (Riau.)     Epaulets. 

kus.  I.  A  sound  made  to  drive  away  a 
cat. 

II.  [Arab,  hiss,]     (Vulgar.)    The  pudendum 
muliehre, 

III.  (Riau.)   The   blowing   of  a   porpoise; 
(Kedah)  pof^s, 

IV.  (Kedah.)     The    cry     for     calling    the 
semangat;  =(Riau,  Johor)  kur, 

V.  See  kas,  I. 


kSsa.  The  first  (from  sa,  q.  v.)  ;=  pertama, 
which  is  the  commoner  form. 

kSsibukan.     Better    kesimbukan,  q.  v. 

kesat.  I.  Roughness  to  the  touch  ;  unevenness 
of  surface,  coarseness  of  texture  ;  (by  extension) 
acidity  which  sets  the  teeth  on  edge,  Halus 
dan  kesat :  fine  and  coarse  (contrasted) ;  Sh. 
Lamp.,  ig.  Kesat  daun  pimpin:  the  roughness 
of  the  pimpin  leaf  (which  does  not  soften 
under  the  action  of  hot  water) ;  ingrained 
coarseness;  Prov. 

II.  Wiping  moisture  off  a  smooth  surface, 
as  water  is  wiped  off  a  table  by  means  of  a 
duster. 


C-%JS     kusta.     I.     [Skr.     knshta,]     Leprous   ulcera- 
tion ;  leprosy. 

K,  bangau :  leprosy  with  white  ulcers* 

K,  bimga :  leprosy  showing  itself  in  patchy 
discoloration  of  the  skin. 

A',  dendang :  leprosy  with  black  ulcers. 

A\  limbong :  leprosy  causing  the  extremities 
to  fall  off. 

K.pari:     black    swelHngs    with     knob-like 
projections  on  them. 

II.     [Port,   casta.]     Caste,  race ;  descent. 


^x 


)T^ 


kSsturi.  [Skr.  kasturi.]  Musk;  Ht.  Abd., 
132,  387;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.;  Muj.,  47;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.  Kayu  k.  :  a  tree  (unidentified) ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. ;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  7 ;  v,  infra. 

K,  hutan :  a  plant ;  gomphandra  lanceolata. 


kIsstela 


[  519  ] 


K&SOMA 


CT 


cr 


M.X.<aA^ 


Btmga  k.  :   the   scorpion   orchid ;   renanthera 
moschifera. 
Limau  k. :  the  sour  lime ;  citms  acida. 
Tikus  k. :  the  musk-rat;  also  tihis  turi. 

kSstela.  [Spanish  casfilla,]  Castille  ;  Castil- 
lian ;  Spanish. 

kSsar.     (Kedah.)     Dirt  in  the  armpit. 

kasrah.  Arab.  A  vowel  point,  Ht.  Abd., 
145;  better  known  as  the  baris  di-bawah. 

kSsang.  I.  Sneezing;  blowing  one's  nose 
with  the  lingers.     Also  kesmg, 

11.  An  animal  very  destructive  io padi-cvoips; 
Muj.,  91. 

kSsing.     See  kesang,  I. 

kSsangka.     A  large  earthenware  pot. 

kSsip.  Lacking  a  kernel ;  pipless,  of  fruit ; 
lacking  the  edible  portion  ;  the  sucking  or 
mastication  of  a  fruit  so  that  the  soft  portion 
may  be  swallowed  and  the  pip  and  skin  ejected 
from  the  mouth. 

kSsup.  I.  (Onom.)  A  sucking  sound.  Cf. 
kechiip. 

II.  The  attitude  of  a  man  who  sits  or  stands 
with  his  head  sunk  down  between  his  shoulders. 

kesak.     1.     (Onom.)     Mengesak :    to    draw   a 

deep  breath  ;  to  sigh.     Better  kesah,  q.  v.     Cf. 
isak. 

II.  Shuffling  on  a  bench;  pushing  one's 
neighbour  a  little  to  the  side  (as  when  people 
on  a  bench  wish  to  make  room  for  a  new 
comer). 

III.  See  kesok. 

kSsek.  Kesek'kesek :  (Onom.)  the  sound  of 
whispering ;  rustling ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  VIII.,  128. 

kSsok.  Kesok'kesak :  (Onom.)  a  sound  such 
as  that  of  paper  being  crumpled  up. 

kaskas.  A  preserve  of  dates  used  either 
medicinally  or  as  a  condiment  in  preparing 
Arab  dishes. 

kaskus.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  European 
speech  ;  v.  kas. 

keskes  or  kuskus.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of 
whispering  or  rustling;  =  kesek-kesek. 


OJ 


\j^ 


kdskul.     See  Jj^^. 


kSsal.  Jav.  Regret,  repentance,  trouble; 
Ht.  Sh.  Mard,  ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  24.  Usually  s^sa/, 
q.  V. 


.^ 


cf^ 


kSsmaran.  [Jav.,  from  Skr,]  Inlove;Sh. 
Panj.  Sg.,  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya.  Etfan  A.  :  madly 
in  love,  Ht.  Mas.  Ed.,  Ht.  Sh,;  =  gila  berahi, 
in  pure  Malay  romances.  Mabok  k. :  id. ;  Sh. 
Sh.  Al.,  14.     From  asmara,  q.  v. 

kSsumba.  [Skr.  kusumbha.]  A  plant,  the 
arnotto,  bixa  orellana ;  also  epiprimis  malayanus, 

K.  btikit :  trichospermum  kurzii, 

K,  jantan  :   ostodcs   macrophyllus, 

Kestimba  is  also  the  name  given  to  a  red  dye 
made  from  this  plant  and  so  (by  extension) 
means  "  red  "  or  '^  dyed  red."  Baju  k. :  a  red 
coat ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Sh.  Bid.,  86.  Layar  k. : 
red  sails.  Ayer  L :  red  dye  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
Limt  k. :  a  red  ocean  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 

Manek   samban   di4umpahkan, 

Puchok   sawi'Sawi   mtidci : 
Di'Menangkabau   baju   di-sudahkan, 

Di'Betawi   beharu   di-kesumba : 

the  coat  was  completed  in  Menangkabau,  and 
in  Batavia  it  was  dyed  red. 

kSsimbukan.  I.  A  medicinal  plant ;  saprosma 
arbor  emn, 

II.  (Kedah.)  A  vessel  for  washing  the 
hands  ;  an  ewer  ;  a  basin. 


kSsambi.     A  plant  yielding  a  very  hard  wood 
(canarium  secnndtim  or  antidesma  ghoesembilla)? 


le^    kSsimak.     A  dried  fruit  imported  from  China, 


kismis.     Raisins,     currants;     better     (Pers.) 
kishmishy  q.  v. 


k6san.  An  indentation  in  the  skin  as  the 
result  of  the  pressure  of  a  hard  pointed  sub- 
stance ;  a  mark  left  on  the  skin  without 
actually  perforating  it ;  the  footprint  of  an. 
animal. 

kSsna.  [Skr.  krishna,]  BBtara  kisna :  the 
Great  God  Krishna;  Vishnu  incarnate  in 
Krishna. 

kSsu.  (Onom.)  Kesu-kisi :  the  sound  of 
whispering ;  =  kesek-kesek. 

kSsuwari.  Barong  kesuwari :  the  cassowary ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  77. 

kfisoma.  [Skr,  kusuma.]  A  flower,  flowery; 
(by  metaphor)  a  beautiful  woman.  Pohim 
kayii.  k.  :  a  flowering  tree ;  Sej.  Mai.,  19.  Saperti 
kesoma  sa-gunong :  like  a  mountain  of  flowers, 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  K,  ningrat:  **  flower  of  the 
land,"  as  a  title  for  a  prince  (Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  7) 
or  princess  (Ht,  Mas.  Ed.).  Bangsa  k. :  a 
beautiful  race;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Orang  mtida  k, : 
a  fair  young  man ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard, 
Anta-khoma  :  {1)  flowery;  (2)  the  name  of  a 
cake.  Baju  anta-kesoma :  a  coat  of  many 
colours;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Jayeng  k,  or  jaya  k. :  a  conqueror  in  love ; 
a  refined  and  complimentary  equivalent  for 
the  expression  **  lady-killer." 


k£sah 


[     520     ] 


KANGKONQ 


kSsah.  Keloh'kesah  :  sighing ;  restlessness  ; 
incessant  fidgetting ;  inability  to  rest  as  the 
result  of  anxiety;  Ht.  Abd.,  15,  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
Cf.  kesak. 

kSseh.     L     The  grinning  of  a  monkey. 

11.      (Onom.)      Heavy     sibilant     breathing. 

Kesoh'keseh :  id. 

kSsoh.     See  k^seh,  II. 

kSsi.     t.     Extreme  pallor;  usually  lesi^  q.  v. 

II.       (Onom.)      KesU'kesi :     the     sound     of 
whispering. 


kSshatMya.     [Skr.  kshatriya.]     A  Kshatriya ; 
a  member  of  the  princely  or  warrior  caste. 


XM     kushti.  Pers.  Wrestling.  B^>/^ws/^^i;  to  wrestle. 


€ 


€ 


kushklil.     Pers.     A  beggar's  bowl   (made  of  I 
the  shell  of  the  bauh    migm  or  kelapa   laut ) ; 
Ht.  Suit.  Ibr.,  3  ! 

kishmish.  Pers.  Raisins,  currants;  Pel.  ! 
Abd.,  146;  Kam.  Kech.,  8.  Colloquially,  \ 
kismis. 

kashmiri.      [Pers.  and  Hind.]      Cashmerian  ; 
appertaining  to  Cashmere.     Sal  k. :  (properly)    ^ 
a     Cashmere    shawl ;     (usually)     a     woollen   i 
puggaree   or  turban    cloth  of  Cashmere;   Sh. 
Ul.,  28. 

ka'abah.  Arab.  The  Caaba;  the  square 
temple  at  Mecca.  Ka'abatu'llah :  ''God's 
Caaba";  id.;  Ht.  Suit.  Ibr. 

kang,  I.  A  large  receptacle  for  water ;  a  wide- 
mouthed  tub. 

IL  The  bridle  of  a  horse  and  the  reins ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  122  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.;  Ht.  Hamz.,  49  ; 
Ht.  Md.  Hanaf^,  87.     Also  kekang. 

III.  Jav.  Elder  brother;  an  abbreviation 
for  kakang,  q.  v.  i 

IV.  Kang  Sinuhun :  Your  Majesty ;  a 
Javanese  title  of  exalted  rank ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
(where  it  is  applied  to  Betara  giivii). 

keng.  I.  Ttdang  keng  :  A  bone  at  the  junc- 
tion of  the  lower  and  upper  jaw,  which  seemsto 
move  as  the  mouth  is  opened  and  closed. 

II.     The  whining  of  dogs ;  better  kengkeng.  , 
Cf.  kmi"". 


koilg.     I.     (Onom.)     A  deep    metallic  sound ; 
the  booming  of  a  bell  or  gong. 

II.  The  crooks,   knees,  or  ribs  of  a  boat ; 
partitions  across  a  boat. 

III.  (Onom.)     The  deep    bay  of   a    large 
dog.     Better  kongkong.     Cf.  keng. 

IV.  A  shell ;  cassis  cornuta. 


ixiS     kangteng.      [Dutch  :  kantinc]    (Riau.)   A  can- 
^  teen.     Also  kangtin  and  kantin. 


i-T- 


xiS     kangtin.     See  kangteng. 


^y>jS  kangsa.  1.  A  brass  tray,  Sh.  Bid.,  46; 
brass  generally,  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  11. 
Usuall}^  gangsa. 

II.     A    goose;     Ht.     Ind.     Nata.     Better 
angsa, 

J  ,,iS     kangsor.     Terkangsor  :  pushed  a  little   aside  ; 


terans^sui 


kangsin.     A  mischief-maker. 


kongsan.     A  coif,  a  hood,  a  covering  for  the 
head. 


^*%i3     kongsi.      [Chin,  kong-st.]    A  partnership;  an 

association     of  shareholders;    a     club;    a 

Chinese    secret  society ;    a    society    of    any 
sort. 

,^5^5  kangka.  [Chin.  kang~ka,]  A  gambier  estate 
(in  Johor)  ;  an  association  of  Chinese 
workers  constituting  a  gambier  estate. 

.ji^^^J^  kingkit.     A   small   species  of  lime-fruit.    Also 
kingklp. 


^ 


kangkang.  Wide  separation  of  the  limbs ; 
wide  apart,  as  the  legs  when  a  man  steps 
out ;  widely  open  as  a  door  ;  the  fork,  the  angle 
formed  by  the  legs.  K,  kiyap :  opening  and 
closing  the  thighs,  holding  them  apart  and 
then  bringing  them  together.  Cheluh  k.  :  the 
perineum  ;  the  point  of  junction  of  the  lower 
limbs  ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Belat  k. :  a  small  stream 
fish-trap. 

Mengangkang :  to  separate  the  legs  widely ; 
to  step  out;  to  stride;  to  take  long  paces. 
Saiidagar  datang  mengangkang  turun :  the 
merchant  came  along  stepping  with  long 
strides ;  Sh.  Peng.,  14. 

Terkangkang :  stretched  out ;  extended 
widely  apart,  of  the  limbs  ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  78  ; 
Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  11. 


joJu     kangkong.    A    white  or  pink  flowered  con- 
C-  volvulus,  cultivated  and  commonly  used  as  a 

spinach;  ipomea  aqtiatica;  Sej.  Mai.,  153. 

K,  ayev :  a  marsh  plant,  floscopa  scandens, 

K.  htikit :  a  large  climber,    ipomea  peltata. 

K,  laut :  a  large   pink-flowered    convolvulus 
with  digitate  leaves ;  ipomea  angustifolia. 

A  kar  L  gajah  :  vitis    lanceolaria. 

Say  or  k, :  the   spinach   obtained  from   this 
convolvulus. 


KENGKANG 


[    521    ] 


KfePALA 


^ 


^ 
^ 


kengkang.  Limited  separation  of  the  lower 
limbs ;  separation  at  the  knees,  but  not  at  the 
feet ;  the  attitude  of  a  very  bowlegged  man ; 
the  walk  of  a  man  who,  owing  to  an  injury  to 
the  perineum  or  for  any  other  reason,  wishes 
to  avoid  friction  between  the  lower  limbs. 
Kengkang  is  also  used  of  a  man  sitting  or 
standing  with  one  leg  stretched  out,  while 
kangkang  implies  the  extension  of  both. 


^ 


^ 


kengkeng.  The  raising  of  a  foot  or  paw  off 
the  ground ;  the  lifting  of  one  knee  over  the 
other. 

kongkang.  I.  The  slow  iMalayan  loris,  com- 
monly, but  incorrectly  called  a  sloth  ;  nycticebus 
tavdigradus ;  Sh.  Sg.  Ranch,,  40.  Also  kukang. 

II.  Mengongkang :  to  club,  to  cudgel;  Kl., 
Pijn.,  V.  d.  W. 

III.  Gnawing  and  sucking ;  consuming  any- 
thing by  biting  at  it  and  sucking  or  swallowing 
its  juice,  as  a  man  consumes  a  sugar-cane. 

kongkeng.  Verbal  altercation  ;  wordy  war ; 
snarling  at  one  another,  like  dogs ;  cf.  kong 
and  keng. 


z^J^  kongkong.     I.     Any  object   suspended   from 
C.  the  neck  or  hung  round  the  neck  for  purposes   I 

other  than  those  of  adornment ;  objects  such 
as  the  iron  ring  on  a  convict's  neck  or  the 
block  of  wood  hung  from  a  buffalo's  neck  to 
impede  his  movements. 

II.     The  deep-toned  barking  or  baying  of  a 
dog ;  cf.  kong.     Mengongkong  :  to  bay  ;  to  come   ' 
barking  up  again  after  a  repulse;  (by  metaphor)   ' 
to  repeat  an  offence  after  being  warned  against 
its  repetition. 

v^ixiS     kingkap.     Kain   kingkap  :  a  cloth  fabric  ;  also 
called  kimkha  and  kain  kap,  I 

v«.i$^i$^  kingkip. 


^ 
^ 


A  small  lime;  also  called  kinghit. 


kongkol.  [Dutch:  konkelen.]  A  verbal 
arrangement  or  agreement ;  talking  over  a 
matter. 

kungkuxn.  Elastic  pressure  round  any  object ; 
shrinkage  round  anything, — used,  for  instance, 
of  the  pressure  of  an  elastic  band  upon  a  roll 
of  paper  or  of  any  similar  pressure.  Mengung- 
kum  :  to  close  in  upon,  to  press  in  upon.  Cf. 
mungknm, 

kongkiyak.     A  very  large  black  biting  ant. 

kafsigar.  Pers.  A  shoe-maker;  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  56. 

kafal.     Arab.     A  horse-cloth. 

kafan.  Arab.  A  shroud;  a  winding-sheet; 
V.  kapan. 


kap.     I.     (Nautical.)    To  stop  the  running  out 
of  the  cable ;  to  fix  the  cable, 

IL     The  roof  of  a  palanquin  ;  the  hood  of  a 
carriage. 

III.     Kain  kap:    a  cloth    fabric;  =   kimkha 
and  kingkap. 

y tS     kep.     Eng.     A   percussion  cap.     Senapang  k, : 

a  muzzle-loader. 


^ 


kop.     I.     A  coal  shovel. 

II.  The  cupola  on  thehowdah  of  an  elephant 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah. ;  j.  S.A.  S.,  XXXL,  124. 

III.  A  Siamese  measure  of  value  ;  a  ''  tical  *' 
or  about  60  cents. 

IV.  (Kedah.)  Bertemu  kop :  the  completion 
of  a  cycle  ;  the  period  from  a  certain  day  of  a 
certain  month  to  the  same  day  in  the  following 
month,  or  from  a  certain  hour  to-day  to  the 
same  hour  to-morrow. 

jj\AJ  keparat.  [Arab,  kafdrat.]  Unbelieving; 
infidel; — a  term  of  abuse  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng,  ; 
Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  3. 

f^XiS     k§pari.     The    name    of  a    tree;    Sh.    Kumb. 
-  ^  Chumb.,  10.     Dunn  pokok  k.  :  mint. 


\iS 


X 


L^  kafl. 


Arab.     Accomplished,  complete. 


kgpala.  [Skr.  kapdUu]  Head;  (by  metaphor) 
fountain ;  source ;  origin ;  leader  or  chief. 
Tahan  jerat  sorong  kepala  :  to  set  a  snare  and 
then  stick  one's  head  into  it ;  to  be  hoist  on 
one's  own  petard  ;  Prov.  Tiyada  kepala  ekor  : 
without  head  or  tail ;  confused  or  unintelligi- 
ble, of  a  story  ;  Prov. 

K.  angin :  foolish,  frivolous,  empty-headed. 

K,  bahu  :  the  angle  of  the  shoulder, 

X.  balak  :  the  end  of  a  beam. 

A',  berat :  heavy-vvitted. 

iv.  chichak  :  a  corner  in  the  guard  iganja)  of  a 
keris, 

K,  dusim  :  a  vilhige  headman. 

K.  kain :  a  peculiar  flowered  portion  of  a 
Malay  sarong. 

K.  kongsi :  the  hend  of  a  secret  society. 

K.  Intnt :  the  forepart  of  the  knee. 

K.  ngilu  :  dizziness. 

K.  perang :  a  leader  in  war. 

i\.  perompak  :  a  piratical  chief, 

K.pondok:  (Singapore)  the  headman  of  a 
Boyanese  society. 

K.  sanian  :  the  thickest  part  of  the  milk  of  a 
coconut ;  (by  metaphor)  virginity. 

K.  sural :  the  heading  to  a  letter  (usually 
consisting  of  two  or  three  Arabic  words 
expressive  of  sincerity  or  of  trust  in  the 
Almighty). 

K.  simi  :  cream. 

Batu  k.  or  batok  k, :  the  skull,  the  cranium, 
the  head  (when  taken  as  a  trophy)  Sh.  Panj. 
Sg. ;  (by  extension)  a  term  of  endearment. 


kIipalang 


[   522   ] 


KAPAL 


jJViT 


>ur 


Godok  k, :  the  occipital  bone. 

Haluwan  k,  biyola  :  fiddle-bows,  in  a  ship. 

Ptisar  k.  :  the  centre  of  the  parietal  bone, 

Ringgit  k. :  a  Dutch  2J  guilder  piece. 

Ringan  k.  :  intelligence,  quickness  of 
apprehension. 

Sakit  k, :  headache. 

Ular  kepala  chiwa:  a  peculiar  blind-worm. 

Mengepalakan  :  to  sit  on  the  head  of  an34hing; 
to  take  the  front  place  or  the  lead.  M.  gajah  : 
to  sit  on  an  elephant's  head  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  93.  M.  rata  :  to  take  the  foremost 
place  in  a  chariot ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  M.  pedati  : 
to  take  the  driver's  seat  in  a  cart ;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed. 

kdpalang.  Ordinary;  not  out  of  the  common ; 
unimportant.  B/fArt?f  ^.  .-extraordinary,  import- 
ant;  Ht.  Abd.,  364;  Cr.  Gr.,  45.  Tiyadak,: 
id.;  Cr.  Gr.,  56. 

kSpaya.  Buwah  kepaya:  the  papaya  fruit. 
Better  betek. 


\  i^  kSpayat.     A  large  fish  (unidentified). 

,  U<^  kSpayang.     A  tree,  pangium  edtde  ;  Ht.  Koris; 

^  w       Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  10.  Mabok  k. :  intoxicated 

by  the  fruit  of  the  kepayang;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  102. 

Laksana  buwah   kepayang , 

Di-niakan   mabok,    di-buwang   sayaiig  : 

like  the  fruit  of  the  kepayang  which  intoxicates 
you  if  you  eat  it  and  which  you  have  not  the 
heart  to  throw  away ;  pretty  but  harmful ;  Prov. 

A',  ayer :  a  shrub,  gardenia  tentactdata. 

Akar  k.:  (Pahang)  hodgsonia  heterocliia. 

lI^w  kSpit.  I.  Pressure  between  two  connected 
surfaces,  as,  for  instance,  between  the  arm  and 
the  side  of  the  body.  Cf.  sepit,  which  refers 
to  similar  but  tighter  pressure,  and  apit,  which 
refers  to  pressure  between  two  unconnected 
surfaces.  Mengepit :  to  hold  or  carry  under 
the  arm.  M.  sa-buwah  kitdb  :  to  carry  a  book 
in  this  way;  Sh.  Ul.,  16. 

H.     A  vessel  like  a  bnyong.  It   is  especially 
used  for  perfuming  liquids.     Also  kcmpit. 

kaptan.     Eng.     The  captain  of  a  European 
ship  ;  a  master  mariner.     Cf.  kapitan, 

kapada.     To,  towards ;  v.  ha  and  pada. 

k§par.       I.       An    edible     fresh     water    fish 
(unidentified). 

H.     A  curious  stumpy  palm,  (unidentified) ; 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  Vni.,  128. 

JS     kdper.     A  sudden  jerk  of  the  hand   (intended 
to  shake  oflF  any  object  adhering  to  the  hand). 

JiS^  kopral.     Eng.     Corporal:  Sh.  Pr.  Ach,,  10. 

^^,,,^K^  kapista.     [Skr.  papistha.]     Godless,  wicked. 


iSjiS     kapri.     Negro,  African. 

y;;^jS    kipsiyau.      [Chin.  ?]    A  coffee-pot. 

i|^     kSping.     A  bit,  a  piece,  a  morsel,  a  fragment ; 
Cr        a    classifier    of    morsels,   especially   used   of 

foliaceous  objects   such    as   sheets   of   paper. 

Kartds  sa-keping  :  a  piece  of  |)riper.     Sa-keping 

papan :  a  piece  of  planking.  Delapan  keping 
tembekar  :  eight  broken  pieces  of  pottery. 

Keping  is  also  the  name  given  to  a  piece  of 
money  of  very  small  value,  such  as  a  quarter 
cent. 

Papan  sa-kcping:  the  plank  used  in  the 
simplest  form  of  burial  when  the  body  is  laid 
in  a  hollow  excavated  in  the  side  of  the  grave 
and  the  hollow  is  closed  up  with  this  single 
plank,  after  which  tlie  grave  is  filled  up. 


e^ 


^ 


X 


X 


kSpong.  Surrounding,  fencing  in,  investing, 
besieging.  The  word  is  also  used  to  describe 
the  process  of  stopping  up  a  part  of  a  stream 
{bandar  ayer)  so  as  to  let  water  into  the  padi 
fields.  Hang  Kestnri  di-kepong  orang :  Hang 
Kesturi  was  surrounded;  Sej.  Mai.,  158. 
Di-suroh  kepong  kota  itti  berkeliling  :  he  ordered 
the  fort  to  be  invested  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

Berkepong  :  to  patrol  round  and  round.   Orang 
b.  :  the  watch  on  a  ship;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI.,  70. 

Mengepong  :  to  surround,  to  besiege,  to  invest; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Sej.  Mai.,  121,  158. 

Terkepong :   surrounded,  invested,   besieged; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  241. 

kgpak.  A  wing,  a  pinion  ;  the  act  of  flapping 
the  wing  or  pinion.  Kena-ldh  kepak  biirong  itn 
patah  sa-bt'lah :  the  bird  was  struck  on  its 
wings  and  one  pinion  was  broken  ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  62.     Mengepak-ngcpak  :  to  flap. 

Pnlati  Jerejak   tentangan  Tanjong, 
Anak    keling  pegaitg  pedoman ; 

Nyamok    ber kepak   dunya   berchondong, 
Lautan    kcring   di-hisap   kuman: 

the  mosquito  flaps  its  wings  and  the  world  is 
knocked  out  of  position  ;  the  ocean  is  dry  having 
been  drunk  up  by  a  gnat. 

Pintti    berkepak    dnwa :   a    folding    door ;   a 
double  door. 

k6pok.  A  receptacle  for  storing  rice.  It  is  a 
large  barrel  or  box. 

A  pa  guna   kepok   di4adang 
Kalati   tidak    berisi  padi : 

of  what  use  is  a  rice-box  in  your  padi-Helds  if 
you  do  not  fill  it  with  padi ;  do  not  keep  things 
for  show  only  ;  Prov. 

kapal.  Tam.  A  ship;  a  ship  of  Arab  or 
European  type  in  contradistinction  to  a  local 
pcrahu.  K.  api :  a  steamship.  K,  layar :  a 
sailing  vessel.  K,  perang  :  a  warship.  Kapal 
pechah  yu   yang    kennyang :  when  a  ship  is 


K^PAL 


[    523    ] 


KfiKfeTUWA 


X 


^ 


X 


.iSSUf 


wrecked  the  sharks  eat  their  fill ;  it  is  an  ill-  \ 

wind   that   blows   nobody   any  good ;    Prov.  ; 

Kapal  satu  nakhoda  diiwa :  one  ship  with  two  j 

captains;  a  lady  with  two  lovers;  Prov.     In  | 

many     pantuns    the     word     kapal    is    used  ; 
metaphorically  for  the  lady. 

kSpal.     A  lump ;  a  coagulated  mass ;  a  clotted 
bit.      Htidang  k.:    a    shrimp;   J.    S,    A.    S.,  ! 
III.,  40.     Puteh  hiidang  k, :  the  whiteness  of  a  j 
(dirty)  shrimp ;  a  good  feature  vitiated  by  many 
bad  ones ;  Prov.     Also  hudang  kepai,  j 

kSpil.     Hard  by;  close   together;  side  by  side 
or  in  line.     Gajah  di-kepilkan  :  they    drew  up  I 
the    elephants   in    line ;    Sej.   MaL,    93,   130,   | 
Maka  gajah  pennaisuri  pun  Urkepil-lah  di-balai  1 
itti :  the  queen's  elephant  drew  up  alongside 
the  platform  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

kfepul.  Closely  packed  ;  pressed  side  by  side  ; 
massing  in  crowds,  or  lumps,  or  clots.  Sa-kcpiil: 
a  measure  of  volume  approximately  equal  to  J 
chupak.  Berkeptd'keptd  :  in  huge  volumes,  as 
smoke  rising  out  of  a  funnel ;  Ht.  Abd.,  61 ; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  258. 

kSpulaga.  A  plant ;  amomum  cardamomum. 
Also  pelaga. 

Jo     kSpom.     Hollow    and     drawn,     of  the   face; 
1  sunken,    of  the    cheeks.     Also    kempong   and 

kcmpom. 


kdpudang.  Bin'ong  kepudang :  a  kind  of 
thrush  ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya  ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

kepurun.      Broth  made  from  sago  meal. 

kfipuyu.     A  lish  ;  better  pityu-puyu. 

kdpuyoh.    The  Malay  quail ;  better puyoh,  q.  v. 

kepah.  A  iiat  broad  sea- mussel,  capsa;  Ht. 
Abd.,  88;  Ht.  Mar.  Mahaw.  K.  bugis :  a  shell 
from  Celebes,  anodonta.  K,  kurap :  another 
shell,  capsa  deflorata. 

kSpoh.  Full,  as  the  sails  of  a  ship;  bulging 
out  with  contents,  of  a  bag  or  other  receptacle. 

kSpai.  Hiidang  kepai :  (Kedah)  a  shrimp; 
(Riau,  Johor)  hudang  kepaL  Also  hudang pepai, 

k6piyalu.  Demam  kepiyalu:  malarial  fever; 
Ht.  Abd.,  362.  Ahar  k, :  a  plant,  grewia 
mnhellaia.  Dimam  A.  radang^  and  demam 
kepiyalu  nyaman :  malarial  fever  in  different 
degrees  (delirium  and  consciousness). 
Demam  k.  ketulangan :  rheumatic  fever. 

kdpiting.  An  edible  salt-water  crab ;  Kam. 
Kech.,  6. 


< 


-u: 


jjlJt3  kapitan.  [Port,  capitan,]  A  captain,  whether 
as  the  headman  of  a  race  under  the  Portuguese 
and  Dutch  systems  of  Government  or  as  the 
master  of  a  ship  (in  which  sense  kaptan  is 
becoming  more  common) .  Dalam  Melakapada 
masa  tin  ada  empat  kapitan  masing-masing  bangsa 
dengan  kapitan-nya  :  at  that  time  there  were 
four  **  captains"  in  Malacca,  each  racial  section 
of  the  community  having  its  own  "  captain''  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  34.  K.  china  :  the  representative  of 
the  Chinese.  K,  kapal :  the  master  (of  an 
English  ship) ;  Ht.  Abd.,  222.  K,  perang :  a 
(Dutch)  military  leader;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  11. 


^SJ^  kgpiri. 


Kain  kepiri  :  n apery  ;  Kl. 


i<^  kSpiyah    or    kopiyah.    A    cap, 
Mengenakan  k, :    to   wear   a  cap ; 


a     hood. 
Ht.    Gul. 
Bak.,  go.  Seri  k.:  a  name  given  to  the  Emperor 
of  China;  Sej.  MaL,  157. 


^ 
^ 


yta-iO 


^ 


kak.     An    abbreviation  for  kakak  (elder  sister), 

q.  V. 

kek.  I.  (Chin,  kheh,)  Orang  kck  :  Kheh  or 
Hakka  Chinese. 

II.  (Onom.)  The  note  of  certain  birds. 
Mekek  :  to  sound  a  note  (of  the  Argus-pheasant) ; 
J.S.  AS.,  II.,  138.  Berkek  :  R  snipe  (Riau, 
J  ohor) . 

III.  (Onom.)     Tirkek-kek :  giggling. 

kok.  A  yoke,  in  a  cart ;  cf.  igu  (the  yoke  in  a 
plough). 

kokkok.     To  carry  pick-a-back  ;  also  ko'ko\ 

kfikateh.     (Penang.)     The  large  wall -spider. 

kekara.     (Kedah.)    A  plant;  --=:  kachang  kara? 
kSkaseh.     Beloved  ;  v.  kaseh. 

kdkapah.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Driftwood  on  a 
river. 

kfikawin.  Jav.  Poetical  recitative ;  v.  kawt 
and  kawin. 

kdkat.  Fallen  leaves,  rubbish,  and  scum  on 
the  surface  of  water, 

Balek  k. :  the  time  when  rubbish  begins  to 
turn  back  upstream  ;  the  turn  of  the  tide  after 
the  ebb. 

Mati  k. :  the  time  when  rubbish  remains 
stationary ;  dead  low  water  (at  sea) ;  the  period 
of  the  tide  when  tide  and  river  current 
neutralize  each  other ;  the  period  just  before 
the  turn. 

kfikStUWa.  The  white  cockatoo  of  the 
Moluccas ;  a  nail  extractor,  so  called  from  its 
teeth  suggesting  the  beak  of  the  cockatoo. 
Also  kakak  tuwa. 


K&KAR 


[    524    ] 


K&LASA 


kikar.  Mengekar  :  to  set  objects  further  apart 
from  each  other  ;  to  separate  objects. 

kfikang.  A  bit  or  snaffle ;  the  bridle  (inckiding 
the  bit  and  the  reins.  Kena  k, :  to  be  bitted. 
Tali  k,  :  the  reins.)     Also  kang, 

kSkal.  Permanence ;  enduring,  lasting, 
eternal.  Akhirat yang  k, :  the  future  life  which 
is  eternal.     Hal  negeri  Singapura  ini  smientara 

sehaja  tiyada  akan  kekal  :  the  existence  of 
Singapore  as  a  settlement  is  temporary  and  is 
not  likely  to  last ;  Ht.  Abd.,  217. 

Kckalkan  :  to  perpetuate  ;  to  give  permanence 
to.  Barang  di-kekalkan  uleh  Dewata  Muliya 
Raya  di-atas  takhta  kerajaan  :  may  the  revered 
and  mighty  Divinity  retain  him  for  ever  on  the 
throne;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Kekali  and  rmngehali  :  (in  medical   prescrip- 
tions) to  continue  a  treatment,  to  repeat  it  at 
regular  intervals  till  the  expiration  of  a  fixed  ■ 
period   or  till    permission   is  obtained    for  its 
discontinuance  ;  Muj.,  7,  15. 

kakanda.  Elder  brother  or  sister  ; — a  respect- 
ful and  endearing  form  of  kakak,  q.  v. 

kekandi     (Kedah.)     A  small  purse  or  wallet;  ; 
(Riau,  Johor)  kandi-kandi, 

kSkau.  Starting  out  of  sleep  in  alarm : 
awaking  in  terror.     Cf.  igau.  \ 

j^     kgkora     or    kSkura.     (Kedah.)     A  tortoise;  i 
(Riau,  Johor)   ktira-kura. 

c  iy$      kekoroh.     I.     A   marine   insect;    (an   eye-fly  ' 
-^  according  to  Maxwell).  i 

II.     Repulsive,    fierce,    or   savage    looking.  I 


aJ^o 


Also  koroh'koroh. 


kSkoleh.     A  Kedah  cake  ;  v.  kolch. 


dSS    kfikah.    (Riau,  Johor.)  A  long-armed  monkey; 
(Kedah)  kerakah. 


s 


koMla.  [Skr.  kokUa.]  The  gracida  religiosa  ;  | 
the  bird  most  commonly  known  as  tiyong  or  i 
beyo.  I 

kfikili.  (Kedah.)  The  nose-ring  of  a  buffalo. 
Chabtit  kekili :  to  strip  a  buffalo  even  of  its 
nose-ring ;  (by  metaphor)  stark  naked. 

kal.  I.  A  measure  of  capacity ;  =  J  a  chiipak, 
Sa-kal  mana  bnleh  jadi  sa-chupak  :  how  can  a 
kal  become  a  cimpak ;  how  can  you  expect  a 
man  of  little  intelligence  to  act  as  if  he  had 
much ;  Prov. 

II.     Kal-kal :  a  name  given  to  the  descendants 
of  a  bintara  kanan. 

kul.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Main  kul :  a  children's 
game  in  which  one  child  has  to  try  and  catch 
others,  the  one  caught  taking  the  place  of  his 
captor  and  having  to  catch   others  in  his  turn. 


O-^^yS     kSlabat.     I.      [Arab,      khildbat.]      Deception, 
beguiling. 

II.  Langkah  kclabat:  a  step  in  dancing;  Kl. 

III.  [Arab. -V^".]     A    seed,  fcentim  gr cecum ; 
Muj.,  48. 

^y^     kSlabang.  (Batav.)   The  centipede  ]  =  halipan. 


kSlabong.     (Penang.)     Mixed  up,  rummaged 
into  confusion. 

kSlabu.     Grey  or  ash-coloured;  Ht.  Abd.,  106. 
K,  mata  :  a  film  over  the  eye ;  Muj.,  51.  Cf.  ahi, 

kSlabau.     Ikan    kelabau :   a   fresh-water   fish 
(unidentified). 


^i^ 
3^^ 


^s^ 

^s^ 


^j 


.•^ 


u^ 


.■r 


kfilati.  I.  (Kedah.)  Betel-nut  scissors ;  (Riau, 
Johor)  kachip,  (Trengganu)  chelekati, 

II.     (Kedah.)     A  forked  stick  used  as  a  sort 
of  rowlock ;  (Riau)  keliti  dayong. 

kSladang.  A  tree  (unidentified)  ;  J.  I.  A., 
I.,  296. 

keladak.     I.     Dregs,   at    the  bottom  of  any 

liquid;  refuse,  in  a  jug  or  vessel  of  any  sort; 
the  crust  on  the  sides  of  a  cooking-pot.  K,  perut: 
(vulgar)  a  contemptuous  nickname  for  the 
youngest  of  a  family  ;  also  penyaptt  perut, 

II,     (Kedah.)     A  locker  in  a  boat. 

keladau.  Watching  or  looking  after  any- 
thing; (Kedah)  appropriating  a  find,  the 
owner  being  unknown. 

kSladi.  A  generic  name  given  by  Malays  to  a 
number  of  aroids ;  Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ; 
Ht.  Jay.  Lengg., ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  385, 
387;  Pel.  Abd.,  35.  Ayer  di-daun  keladi: 
water  on  a  calladium  leaf;  *Svater  on  a  duck's 
back " ;  Prov.,  Sh.  Bah.  Sing.,  7.  Keladi 
ta'-kena  asam :  aroids  eaten  without  acids ;  a 
symbol  for  extreme  lasciviousness ;  Prov. 
K.  pari :  a  thorny  stemmed  aroid  growing  in 
swamps ;  cyrtosperma  lasioidcs, 

K,  rimau  :  a  common  wild  aroid  with  a  mottled 
leaf  stalk ;  alocasia  longiloba. 

K,  telor :  the  common   small  keladi^  colocasia 
antiquornm, 

k61ara.  Ikan  kelara :  a  fish,  said  to  be  a 
young  sembilang, 

kelarah.  A  maggot  which  eats  into  wood  and 
fruit. 

kSlarai.    I.  A  peculiar  diamond  shaped  pattern 
(in  cloth,  basket  work,  etc.). 
II.     Talking   about  the    same    person   con- 
tinually ;  harping  on  the  same  string. 

k61asa.  L  A  hard  protuberant  mass  of  flesh 
such  as  the  hump  of  a  camel. 

II.  A  fish  (unidentified) ;  Sh.   Ik.  Trub.,  2, 
10, 15  ;  also  kelesa, 

III.  (Jav.)    A  floor-mat.     Also  kelasaL 


kSlasak 


[  525  ] 


KELAT 


iJ^ 


lJ'**'" 


kSlasak.     I.     (Riau,  Johon)     A     floor-mat; 

(Jav.)  kelasa ;  (Kedah)  gelasak, 

IL     A  long  light  buckler  of  leather  or  wood, 
with  a  handle  in  the  centre. 

JjS     kglasi.      [Pers.  ^^]  A  sailor;  (by  extension) 
a  Borneo  monkey,  hylobates  letwisctis. 


kSlangut.     BerkHangut :     looking    up 
head  and  chin  raised  ;  =  dongak,  q.v. 


with 


kSlapa.  The  coco-nut.  Pohnn  k,^  or  pokok 
A. :  the  coco-nut  palm;  Ht.  Abd.,  170,  ig6. 
K.  hijmi :  a  green  coco-nut;  Muj.,  58. 

In  the  Northern  Malay  States  nyior  is  used 
of  the  fresh  coco-nut,  the  word  kelapa  being 
confined  to  the  dried  nut. 

K,  laid :  a  name  sometimes  given  to  the 
coco-de-mer  or  pauh  jcinggi. 


yyS    kelakar.     Joking,  jesting 


k^lalut.     Confused     and  twisted,     of  the 

tangled  roots  of  a    tree ;  hanging    out  and 

twisted,    of    the    tongue.  Cf.     kelelut  and 
kehihit, 

kSlalang.     An  earthenware  water-vessel ;  KL, 
V.  d.  W.,  Pijn. 

kSlalak.     (Kedah.)  Chongkang  kelalak  :  upside 

down,   topsy-turvy;    (Riau,  Johor)    songsang 
kalak. 


nK^  kSlamin.     A  married  couple ;  man   and  wife ; 
O^y^       a  household ;  a  pair,  male  and  female  ;   Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  249  ;  Ht.  Bakht.,  :^z, 

•  N)5  kglana.  I.  Wandering;  a  wanderer,  a 
vagabond.  Kelana  yang  hina  papa :  a  miserable 
wandering  wretch ;  Ht.  Sh.  Tawanan  k,:  a 
wandering  slave;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Ngelana:  to 
wander, 

n.  A  Bugis  title,  given  in  Sungei  Ujong 
to  a  ruling  chief  and  at  Riau  to  the  heir  of  a 
ruling  chief. 

Z,J^  kelanet.  Opening  out  a  seam  ;  cutting  small 
rents  here  and  there  along  a  seam  so  as  to 
allow  the  garment  to  rip  open  at  the  least 
strain  ;  picking  out  small  pieces  of  anything. 

^^  kglawar.  I.  The  bat  (animal).  Tahi  k,: 
guano.     Also  kelalawar, 

II.     [Dutch:  klaver.]     Clubs,  as  a  suit  in 
playing  cards. 


J> 


^^    kSlahi.      [Skr.  kalahi,]     Fighting,   disputing, 
-  quarreling. 

Berkelahi :  to  be  engaged  in  a  quarrel,  to 
quarrel.  B,  di-dalam  mimpi  :  to  fight  in  a 
dream  (to  take  trouble  for  nothing)  ;  Prov., 
J,    S.  A.  S.,    I.,    93.     Berkelahi  pun     tidak, 


berdamai  pun  tidak  :  they  were  not  at  war  yet 
a  settlement  had  not  been  arrived  at;  Sej. 
Mai.,  126. 

Perkelahiyan :  a  dispute,  a  quarrel ;  Ht. 
Abd,,  196,  369. 

kSlayu.     A  tree,  arytera  liUoralis, 

kelayak.    =  Ji^,  q.  v. 

kalb.  Arab.  Dog.  A  l-kalb  :  the  Dog-star ; 
Sirius, 

kelebut.  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  wooden  rest  for  a 
fez ;  a  wooden  last  for  a  shoe  ;  a  closely-fitting 
model    for     guidance     in     making     a     cap 

=  (Kedah)  jelebut, 

kelebok.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  a  fruit 
falling  on  soft  ground. 

kalbu.     Lant  kalbu  :  the  Persian  Gulf. 

kS16boran.  The  deep  ;  a  sea  of  great  depth. 
Jika  melaluwi  padang  menjadi  keleboran  :  if 
they  traversed  a  plain  it  became  a  deep  sea  ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

k61at.  I.  Tali  Mat :  the  sheet,  the  sheet  of  a 
boat  in  contradistinction  to  that  of  a  larger 
vessel  (daman),  Angin  kenchang  kclat :  a  breeze 
which  stiffens  the  sheet,  a  stiff  breeze. 

In  Kedah  kclat  is  used  of  fastening  sheet- 
like objects  together  (as  when  a  man  connects 
three  or  four  pieces  of  paper  by  running  a 
pin  through  them).  Mengelatkan  layar :  to 
reef  a  sail. 

II.  Acidity  of  taste;  taste  which  sets  the 
teeth  on  edge;  J.  S.  A.  S,,  IL,  141;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng.;  J.  I.  A.,  L,  265. 

III.  A  generic  name  applied  to  a  number 
of  trees,  especially  : 

K.  apt  :  eugeiiia  filiformis, 

K,  asani :  eugenia  decmsata ;  also  (Malacca) 
gordonia  excelsa, 

K.  beliyan  :  =  k,  apt. 

K.  besar  :  eugenia  pendens, 

K.  birii :  pternandra  ccendescem. 

K.  bising  :  eugenia  griffithii, 

K,  bnrong :  eugenia  macrocarpa. 

K.  hitam  :  etenolophnm  parvifolius. 

K,  jambu  :  =  k.  bnrong. 

K.  janibti  ayer :  eugenia  vennlosa. 

K.  j  ant  an  :  eugenia  cymosa. 

K,  jolong  puteh  :  aphania  paucipiga. 

K.  lapis :  =  h.  api. 

K,  layu  hutan  :  parinarium  niiidum. 

K.  layu  laut :  (Singapore)  erioglossum  edule, 

K.  menahun  :  kibessia  simplex, 

K,  merah :  eugenia  lineata. 


66 


KfiLIT 


[    526    ] 


K£;LONasoR 


^ 


K,  pasir :  parastemon  urophyllum, 

K,  paya :  decaspermtwt  paniculatum, 

K,  penaga  :  eugenia  cymosa. 

K,  puteh :  eugenia  pyrifolia, 

K.  puteh  bukit :  eugenia  demiflora, 

K,  patera  :  eugenia  venulosa, 

K.  tandok  :  ixora  parviflora, 

K.  ttilang  :  aphania  paucijuga, 

kfilit.  A  sudden  movement  out  of  the  way ; 
the  avoidance  of  a  blow  by  getting  out  of  its 
course;  **  dodging"  anything;  avoiding  being 
seen  by  hiding  behind  something  whenever 
a  person's  glance  is  wandering  towards  one. 
Cf.  kHip. 

kSlStar.  Quivering,  shivering,  trembling;  a 
frequentative  of  kitar,  q.  v.     Also  gHetar. 

kSldtang.  (Onom.)  A  ringing  sound  such  as 
that  made  by  the  fall  of  a  metallic  substance 
on  the  ground.    Cf.  keleiing  and  keletong. 

^J^  kSldting.     (Onom.)    A     ringing   or    tinkling 
T^        sound  ;  cf.  kelUang. 

ycS    kSlStong.     (Onom.)    A  thumping   sound;  cf. 
C  keletang. 

rj^  k€lStak.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  con- 
tinuous rapping ;  the  frequentative  of  ketak, 
q.  V. 

^J^  kglStek.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  continuous 
ticking. 

-^  kSlStok.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  repeated 
blows  on  a  dull  hard  surface. 

iJ^j^  kaJajSngking.     A  scorpion  ;  v.  kala, 

t^  k3lSohap*     A    bird     (better    known    as    the 
^""^      sepah  puteri). 


k6l6dut.     Crumpled,     ruffled,     wrinkled     (a 
frequentative  of  kedni). 

kSldu.      [Port,  caldo,]     Chicken  broth. 


jj^  kalde  or  k§ldai.    Tarn.    A  donkey.    Mengajar 

^  keldai  hindak  di-jadikan  kuda :  to  instruct  a 

donkey  with  a  view  to  making  him  a  horse ; 

to  waste  time  on  the  impossible;   Prov.,   Ht. 

Abd.,  186. 


X 


X 


kdlar.  A  cut  which  does  not  altogether 
sever ;  a  superficial  cut,  notch  or  dent ; 
— applied  especially  to  the  peculiar  trans- 
verse lines  cut,  by  local  fishmongers,  in  fish. 

kSIor.  (Kedah.)  Summoning  by  voice, 
calling ;  =  panggil. 


cX 


kSlas.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Still,  of  water  when  the 
tide  is  about  to  turn ;  high  water  when  the 
flow  has  ceased  and  the  ebb  has  not  yet 
commenced. 


k€lis.     I.     The    avoidance    of     a     blow 
getting  out  of  its  way ;  =  kilit,  q.  v. 

II.     Winking,  blinking.     Usually  kelip. 


by 


kSlus.    I.    (Riau,  Johor.)    An  edible  sea-worm 
like  a  small  gamat. 

II.  A  method  of  skinning  animals  in  vogue 
among  Tamils.  The  skin  is  cut  across  the 
body  instead  of  along  it  and  is  removed  in 
two  pieces. 


VJT 


kglSsa.    A 

Also  kelasa. 


fresh    water    fish    (unidentified). 


jyjUKoJS  kulasSntana.  Jav.  The  family  and 
dependents  of  a  prince ;  the  whole  of  a  royal 
household.     Cf.  kelmvarga  (kula-warga). 


ff 


If 


■f 


k§lang.  I.  "  Klang,"  the  name  of  a  district 
in  Selangor  and  of  a  small  township  in  that 
district.  The  name  is,  however,  often  applied 
to  the  whole  state  of  Selangor. 

XL  (Kedah.)  Kelangdara:  the  ring  or 
fastening  connecting  a  boom  and  the  mast ; 
=  (Riau,  Johor)  kelendara, 

III.  Bimga  kachang  kelang :  a  flower 
(unidentified). 

IV.  A  variant  of  selang,  q.  v.;  Maxw. 

kSling.  *'KHng;" — the  name  given  in  the 
Straits  to  all  immigrants  from  the  Coromandel 
coast.  K.  islam :  Muhammadans  from  the 
Coromandel  coast.  Negeri  k. :  the  Madras 
Presidency ;  the  Coromandel  coast. 

Dayongk.:  (Penang)  the  suit  ** spades"  at 
cards. 

Pasang  k, :  the  highest  tide  of  the  year. 


kSlong.  I.  Curved,  dome-shaped,  arching 
as  the  top  of  certain  doors  and  windows; 
concave,  as  a  soup-plate.  K.  dahi :  with  a 
forehead  the  hair  of  which  approaches  in  form 
to  a  semicircle;  a  feature  admired  by  Malays; 
Ht.  Sri.  Rama.    Firing  k, :  a  soup-plate. 

II.  A  shield  made  of  wood  and  large  enough 
to  shelter  the  whole  body.  This  type  of 
shield  was  used  by  Ilanun  pirates. 

III.  Tikam  kHong :  to  turn  on  its  keeper, — of 
an  elephant. 

kSlSngar.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Swooning,  fainting, 
loss  of  consciousness. 

i.«**S     kfilingsir.     MengUingsir:  to    slip, — a  verbal 
form  of  lingsir,  q.  v. 

j.mJiw     kSlongSOr.     MBngHongsor :  to    slip    or  slide 
^  forward ;  cf.  longsor. 


X 


KfeLONaSONQ 


[    527    ] 


K&LAM 


iLM^iD     k61ongSOng.     A  leaf  or  leaf-like  wrapper  or 

CI  covering;  the  tissue  paper   wrapper  of  a  fez; 

the  skin   cast   by   a  snake  ;  the  leaf  enfolding 

maize  ;  a  leaf  twisted  up  into  a  receptacle  for 

water ;  the  bark  of  some  trees. 


kglangkeng.     A  fruit,  the  laichi ;  also  called 
buwah  lengkeng. 


p^>    k616ngkang  or  kelangkang.    The  point  of 
^  junction   of  the  lower  limbs,  the  perineum. 

Cf.   kans'ka^t^. 


^ 


^ 


^ 
^ 


junction   ^x   ^x 
Cf.   kangkang, 

kSlengkang.    I.    (Singapore.)    A  cloth  fabric ; 
also  keringkam, 

II.  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  round  iron  ring  from 
which  anything  is  to  be  suspended;  a  key 
ring,  =  (Kedah)  gelang  kunchi. 

kglengkeng  or  kglengking.  I.  A  small 
pied  hornbill ;  anthracoceros  albinostris. 

II.  The  little  finger ;  Muj.,  20,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
Jari  k, :  id.  Ktirong  k. :  the  inmost  portion  of 
a  fish-trap. 

kSlongkong.  (Riau,  Johor.)  The  shell  of 
the  coco-nut  while  still  soft  and  edible;  (Kedah) 
kelengkok.     See  nyior. 

kglgngkok.  (Kedah.)  The  soft  shell  of  the 
young  coco-nut ;  v.  kelongkong, 

\j^  kglingkam.     (Johor.)     A  cloth    fabric;  also 
r  kelengkang,  keringkamy  and  kerikam, 

y^J^  kelip.  A  twinkle;  the  appearance  and  dis- 
appearance of  light;  opening  and  closing,  of 
the  eye ;  the  shimmer  on  water ;  the  peculiar 
radiance  of  the  stars.  Kelip-kelip  :  (i)  fireflies 
(owing  to  the  peculiar  appearance  of  a  tree 
covered  with  them) :  (2)  spangles.  Kelip- 
kelau :  twinkling ;  a  frequentative  of  kilip. 
Terkelip'kelip  :  opening  and  shutting  the  eyes ; 
blinking,  twinkling  (of  a  light) ;  Ht.  Abd., 
415,  419  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ; 
Sh.  Ik.  Trub. 

sZ^JiS  kdlpat or  (Kedah)  kalpat.  Caulking;  filling 
up  the  seams  of  a  boat  with  oakum. 

^::„J^  k616pet.  Hanging  down  slackly;  turned 
down  ;  turning  inwards,  as  the  outer  edge  of 
the  cartilage  of  the  ear.  Kelepet-kelepai : 
swaying  slackly,  as  a  broken  branch. 

jJ5     k§16pir,     (Singapore.)     The  testes;  =  (Riau, 
-^^        Johor)  buwah  peler. 

t*-aJi>  kSlSpas.  Eng.  A  pair  of  compasses;  usually 
jangka. 

x£X>     kSlSpak.     (Onom.)     The  sound  of  continuous 
clapping. 

ii}b     kSlSpek  or  kSlSpok      ? Ouom.)  Dull  sounds ; 
variants  of  kelepak,  q.  v. 


^JjS  k^lSpai.  Hanging  slightly  down ;  broken  and 
crooked  but  not  absolutely  pendulous, — of  a 
branch  half  broken  through  and  bent.  Kelepet- 
ke lep at :  sw drying  slackly  as  a  broken  bough 
when  shaken  by  the  breeze. 

ID     kSlak.     An     idiomatic    adverbial    expression 

indicative  of  future  possibility.  Uleh  perem- 
ptiwan  tiiwa  ini-lah  kelak  hdsil  pekerjaan-tmc  : 
you  may  perhaps  be  able  to  effect  your  object 
by  means  of  this  old  woman;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  16. 
Siipaya  nimah-mu  kilak  berseri  :  in  order  that 
your  house  may  be  brightened  ;  Marsd.  Gr.,210. 
Di'belakang  kelak  beharu-lah  engkau  tahu :  at 
some  future  date  perhaps  you  will  begin  to 
understand ;  Ht.  Abd.,  42, 

IJB     k61ek.     A   slight    inclination,    bend,   or  bow, 
with  the  upper  portion  of  the  body. 

^J^     k^Iok.     A  curve,  an  arch,  a  semicircle.     A  wan 

birkelok  :  a  pattern  in  which  the  semicircle  is 
the  prevailing  motif;  Sh.  Pant-  ShL,  13. 
BBrkelok'kelok  :  in  semicircles,  of  a  fringe  or 
border  the  edge  of  which  is  cut  into  a  succes- 
sion of  semicircles.  Berkelok  paku  :  a  way  of 
dressing  the  hair. 

Cf.  lokf  eloky  teloky  and  kelong, 

JW>     kSISkatu.     The  flying  ant,  the  Malay  equiva- 
■^  lent  for  the  proverbial  moth  which  is  attracted 

by  flame  and  perishes  in  it.  Saperti  kelekatu 
masok  apt  tiyada  tahukan  matt  laku-nya  :  as  the 
ant  flies  into  the  flame,  apparently  unaware  of 
impending  death  ; — a  simile  often  applied  to  a 
lover  lured  to  destruction  or  misery  by  a 
woman  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng,,  cf.  also  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  75,  105. 

Also  kelekaii ;  Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 

^^3f>^  kSlSkati.     A  variant  of  kelekatu,  q.  v. 

^V^  kulakasar.     Arab.     Baggage,     luggage,  im- 
-/^  pedimenta    generally;  goods    and    chattels; 

Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 


jy 


^"^ 


f 


kalikauthar.     Arab.    A  river  of  Paradise ;  Sh. 
I.  M.  P.,  3. 

kalakiyan  orkglSkiyan.     Moreover;  =  kala 
and  kiyan. 

kalalawar.     A  generic  name  for  bats;  Muj. ,46; 
usually,  in  the  Malay  Peninsula,  kelawar, 

kSlam.  Darkness,  gloom,  obscurity;  an 
obscurity,  however,  less  profound  than  that 
expressed  by  the  work  gelap,  Siyang  chuwacha 
menjadi  kelam :  the  brightness  of  day  was 
obscured ;  Cr.  Gr.,  44.  Kelam  mata-nya  dengan 
menangis:  with  eyes  obscured  by  tears;  Ht. 
Best. 
jK".  baja :  (Riau)    from  4  p.m.  to  4.30  p.m. 

K.  kabut :  the  darkness  caused  by  clouds  of 
vapour,  smoke,  or  dust ;  the  gloom  of  battle; 
Ht,  Abd.,  113;  Sej,  MaL,  105. 


K&LIM 


[    528    ] 


KfiLllNTIT 


'f 


op' 


pining  k. :  dizziness  affecting  the  optic  nerves. 

Kelam  is  also  used,  by  metaphor,  of  confusion 
of  intellect  or  obscurity  of  thought ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  64;  Ht.  Koris. 

kSlim.     A  small  seam  ;  hemming. 

kSlum.  A  curving  pattern  ;  arcs  of  a  circle  in 
succession.     Cf.  kelong^  and  kelok. 

kSlSmarin  or  kglmarin.  Yesterday;  Ht. 
Abd.,  37,  142.  The  forms  keUmari  and 
kemarin  also  occur. 


^cy^    k616mari.     A  variant  of  helemarin 


Ji^ 


"^^ 


kSlSmayar.     The  luminous  millipede. 
Also  (Kedah)  gtdumayar,  and  kala  mayar. 

iV^  kdlSmayoh,     A  creeper  (unidentified). 


^ur 


■^ 


kglgmbahang.  A  wild  aroid  the  leaves  of 
w^hich  give  an  itching  pain  to  the  hand  that 
grasps  them.  Anak  kelhnbahang :  *' child  of 
itchiness,"  a  term  of  abuse  addressed  to  a 
profligate. 

kSlambit.  (Singapore.)  The  large  fruit-bat 
commonly  known  as  the  flying-fox :  pterocarptis 
edulis.     Better  keluwan^. 


j\jf   kSlambar.     A  fresh -water  fish;  (unidentified). 

j^  kSlambir.      I.      (vSingapore.)     The   coco-nut 
palm  ;  Muj.,  86,  92.     Better  kelapa, 

II.     Soft  and    swaying;  pendulous;   (Riau) 
the  dewlap ;  =  (Kedah)  gelamhir. 


\^  kSIambor.     Dimpled,  wrinkled 


kSlSmbong.     Blown  out,  swollen  with  wind ; 
a  blister  on  the  skin.     Cf.  kembong. 


kSlumbong.  (Kedah.)  Veiling  ;  covering  the 
head  or  face  with  a  cloth.  Di-kelumbong 
kepala-nya :  with  veiled  head;  Ht.  Best.  Maka 
awan  iiu-pun  di-kehmibongunya  akan  baginda 
rastU  A  llah  :  the  cloud  veiled  the  Prophet  of 
God;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  15.  Also  (Riau,  Johor) 
selubong,  and  kelnbong, 

kSlembak.    I.    A  fragrant  wood  (radix  rhei  ?) , 
Often  written  khalambak, 
11.     A  species  of  moth. 

kdlambu.  A  mosquito  curtain;  Ht.  Abd.,  312  ; 
Sh.  Bid.,  46,  58. 


>i>.jlS     kSlSmbubu.     Angin  keUmbubu:  an  eddy. 

iSjJb     kSlfimbuwai.     A   small   thin  shell   found  in 
*    '  padi  fields* 


kSlSmbai.  I.  Sang  Kelembai :  (RidLXX,  Johor) 
a  wizard  of  gigantic  power  who  plays  a  con- 
siderable part  in  Malay  folk  tales ;  (Kedah) 
SangGedembai;  (Menangkabau)  Si-Kulambai. 

II.     A  shell-fish;  =  kelambuwai,  q.  v. 

kalimat.      [Arab.  4^]  Word,  speech,  sentence. 

Kalimatti's  shahadat :  the  testification  of  faith  ; 
the  statement  of  the  creed  of  Islam. 

kSlampes.  [Jav.  lampes.]  A  kind  of  fennel 
used  medicinally. 

kSlampong.  Drifting  about  in  water  ;  tossed 
about  by  the  waves ;  cf,  apong, 

kelSmping,  Flabby,  as  an  empty  stomach ; 
pendulous,  of  the  breasts. 

kSlSmpong.  (Singapore.)  A  condiment 
made  of  the  entrails  of  fish;  (Riau,  Johor) 
lupa-lupa. 

kSlompang.     I.     A  tree,  buchania  hicida, 

II.  The  broken  egg-shell  when  the  chicken 
has  been  hatched. 

k61umpong.  A  cluster  or  group  ;  =  kelompok, 
q.  V. 

kdlompok.     A  cluster  ;  a  collection  of  many 

objects  in  one  place;  a  group;  a  crowd.  Sa- 
kelompok  :  together ;  a  group  or  cluster ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  383.     Cf.  tompok  and  kwnptd. 

kSlamkari.  [Pers.  isj^i  A  cloth;  (also) 
the  name  of  a  flowering  shrub  (unidentified) ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

kSlemunting.  A  (Riau)  variant  o(  kemunting^ 
q.  V. 

kfilSmomor  or  kSlemumor.  (Riau.)  A  scaly 
eruption  or  rash  on  the  head;  scurf;  dandruff. 

kSlemoyang.  A  name  given  to  a  number  of 
plants,  including  honiolomena  cmrulescens, 
h.  rodrata,  and  others. 

K»  ayer  :  tacca  cristata, 

A  kar  k,  :  a  climbing  aroid,  raphidophora  minor. 
Rumput  k. :  a   grassy-leaved    ginger,  alpinia 
conchigera. 

kdlun,  Berkehm  :  to  rise  in  spirals,  of  smoke. 
Cf,  kelong,  keloky  etc. 

kSlSntit.     The  clitoris. 

K,  kering  (i)  a  vulgar  nickname  for  an  old 
woman ;  (2)  a  plant,  =  k.  nyaniok  ? 

K,  nyamok  :  a  plant,  decaspermmn  paniculaUmu 

K,  puteri :  a  cockle-shell,  also  known  asputtng 
puUri, 

A  kar  k,  kira  :  a  plant,  rourea  rugosa. 


kel£ntang 


[  529  1 


K&LUPOR 


^r 


J: 


.^< 


■tf 


J 


< 


J 


\^ 


^juK' 


jjJT 


kSldntang.  (Onom.)  A  succession  of  heavy 
clanging  sounds ;  heavy  metal  repeatedly 
striking  against  hard  substances. 

kSlentang.  Buwah  kelentang :  the  horse  radish 
(obtained  from  the  plant  moriuga  pterygos- 
perma) ;  Ht,  KaL  Dam.,  281. 

kelenteng.     A   Chinese  temple. 

kSlSnting.  (Onom.)  A  sound  such  as  that 
of  repeated  ringing. 

kSlSntong.  (Onom.)  A  repeated  booming 
sound. 

k^lentong.  (Onom.)  An  instrument  beaten 
by  Chinese  pedlars  to  draw  attention  to  their 
presence ;  (by  extension)  a  pedlar.  Also 
(Singapore)  kelontang, 

kSlontang.  I.  A  sort  of  noisy  scarecrow; 
an  instrument  for  frightening  birds  away  from 
the  padi  fields. 

II.     See  kelentong, 

kSlantan.  The  name  of  a  Malay  State  on  the 
East  Coast  of  the  Peninsula. 

kSlenjar.  The  region  of  the  lymphatic  glands. 
Biji  kelenjaran  :  the  lymphatic  *glands.  Buwah 
kelenjaran  :  swollen  glands.  Sakit  kelenjarmi  : 
bubonic  inflammation  ;  glandular  swellings. 
Cf.  also  machang. 

kfilinchir.  MengelincMr:  to  slip,  to  slide  ;  = 
menggelinchiv.  Cf.  gelinchir,  gehinclwr,  lichiny 
etc. 

k^lenchong.  Motion  such  as  that  of  a  man 
threading  his  way  through  a  crowd ;  the 
motion  of  one  item  among  many  when  that 
item  does  not  move  uniformly  with  the  rest. 

kSlinchi.  Akar  kelinchi:  (Kedah)  a  creeping 
plant,  guilandina  bonduc;=  (Riau,  Johor)  akar 
kelichi. 

kalandar.  Pers.  A '*  Calendar*/'  a  Persian 
ascetic. 

kSlendara.  (Riau,  Johor.)  The  ring  or 
fastening  connecting  a  boom  with  the  mast, 
Pel.  Abd.,  108 ;  =  (Kedah)  kelang  dara. 

kSlindan.  Strong  sewing  thread.  Lulus 
benang  lulus  kUindan :  if  cotton  will  go  through, 
so  will  thread  ;  if  one  man  must  put  up  with 
anything  his  equals  must  do  the  same  ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  39. 

kelinsir.     To  slip;  usually  gelinsir,  q.  v. 

kdlonsor.     A  variant  of  gelonsor,  q.  v. 

kSlSnong.  (Onom.)  A  sound  such  as  the 
booming  of  a  gong. 

kdlSxmyar.  Scratching  ;  continuous  scratch- 
ing such  as  that  excited  by  the  itch. 


J5  kSlau.  KBlip-kelau :  glistening,  twinkling ; 
appearing  and  disappearing  as  flashes  of  light 
on  a  moving  surface  such  as  that  of  the  sea. 

JS     kglu.     Dumb,  speechless ;  Ht.  Gh. ;  Ht.  Koris  ; 
-^        Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Sh.  May,,  3. 

.0     k61o.     (Kedah,  Trengganu.)     To  call;  to  sum- 
-^  mon ;  a  variant  of  kelor,  q.  v. 

jr^  kalau.     See  ^^  and  ^C  • 

K^  k§  ubor.     A  soft   or  muddy  hole ;  a  pit.     Cf. 
-^'-y  keleboran. 


jt^ 


kfilubong.     Veiling  ;  to  veil ;   Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
239  ;  Ht.  Si.  Misk.,  46.     Also  kelumbong,  q.  v. 

f^  J5     kSlubi.     Asam  kebthi :  a  plant ;  zalacca  conferta. 
..-  \<v^  kdlotok.     A  variant  of  gelotok,  q.  v. 

x^  kSlucha.     (Kedah.)     A    sweetmeat    made  of 
^  Jl>      jawi  flour,  sugar  and  egg,  and  cooked  in  coco- 
nut  oil. 

v^  kSIochak.     Mengelochak  :  to  strip  bark  or  skin 
<^J^        off  anything;  =  mmgelupas. 

kSlochah.  (Kedah.)  Broken,  of  water ;  choppy 
of  a  sea;  v.  kunchah,  II. 

kSlodak.     Thunder ;  Kani.  Kech.,  7. 


Y^  kelodan.     Panah    kelodan :    a     meteor ;    Kl., 
b"       V.  d.  W.,  Pijn. 


jy-f    keluwar. 

lnwar. 


Motion   outwards  ;  =  ka-luwar  ;  v. 


V^  kSlurut.     A     disease;     a     gathering   at     the 
^■^-^        extremity  of  a  finger. 

\^  kfelorak.     Rumpnt  kebrak  :  a  grass,  lophaterium 
*-2>v^       gracile. 

-     ^  kSlurok.     Jav.     The  clucking  of  fowls. 

^<^  V^  kgluwarga.      [Skr.     kula-warga,]       Family; 
J>         kinsfolk ;  circle  of  relations.   Kaum  keluwarga  ; 
one's  family  and  connections  ;  Ht.  Gul.   Bak,, 
39.     Cf.  ktda  sentana. 

kSloSOk.  Mengelosok :  to  rub  cloth  against 
itself  when  washing  it.  Also  menggHosoL  Cf. 
gosok. 

kSluwang.  The  large  fruit-bat  or  "flying- 
fox,"  pterocarpus  edulis  ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  29.  Siku 
k,:  a  very  acute  angle;  an  acute-angled 
pattern;  Pel.  Abd.,  81. 

i    ix^  kSluwangsa.      [Skr.   kula-wama.]      Family, 
{^j*^J^       kindred ;  =  keluwarga,  and  kulas^ntana. 

^  kSlupor.      The     convulsive     struggling     and 
jiJS      sprawling  of  a  fowl  when  being  slaughtered. 

Mlngilupor :  to  sprawl  and  struggle  in  this 
way;  Ht.  Best.  Also  menggelnpor,  Ht.  Raj. 
Don.,  64;  from  gHupor,  q.  v. 


a.amaA^ 


cr. 


y^ 


KiLUFAS 


[    530    ] 


KiLICHI 


{^^y^  kSlupaS.  Mmgelupas:  to  keep  peeling  off;  | 
the  frequentative  of  kupas^  q.  v.  The  word  is  | 
also  used  of  a  man  wasting  in  disease  ;  Ht.  | 
Ham^.j  95.  I 

i3 JS     kSlopak.     A  sheath  or  covering  of  a  leaf;    a 

leafy  wrapper ;  the  calyx  of  a  flower ;  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  loi. 

K.  jantong  :  the  extremity  of  the  flower  of  the 
banana. 

K.  niata  :  the  eyelid;    Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  21. 

K.  salak :  the  calyx  of  the  salak  flower. 
Tinggal  kelopak  salak  :  only  the  calyx  is  left  to 
the  salak ;  a  proverbial  expression  signifying 
that  a  man  owns  nothing  except  the  clothes 
he  is  wearing. 


^ 
jX 

cJ^ 


cA^ 


kSluwek.     A  plant,  stercuUa  campanulata. 

kSlola.  I.  Management,  superintendence  ; 
the  putting  through  of  work  by  a  contractor. 

11.     Steel.     Also  keluli. 

kfilulut.  I.  A  small  bee  {trigma)  which 
affects  certain  plants.  Getah  k. :  a  sticky 
substance  produced  by  this  bee. 

II.  Pokok  kelulut :  a  common  shviih,  tirena 
lobata,  Pokok  k,  merah :  cyaihula  prostraia, 
Pokok  k,  puteh  :  sida  cordifolia.  Rmnput  ft.,  or 
akar  k, :  fuirena  glomerata. 

III.  (Riau,  Johor.)  The  mumbling  of  a  dying 
man ;  the  low  unintelligible  utterances  of  a 
man  in  extreme  pain  and  weakness. 

kSlulus.  A  vessel  of  an  obsolete  type;  a 
native  ship  occasionally  mentioned  in  litera- 
ture {e.g.,  Sej.  Mai.,  54)  but  not  in  modern 
use. 


<^j^     kSlonet.     Sa-kelonet :  a  little ;  =  sa-dikit. 


kfiloloh.     Rough,  clumsy, — of  work. 

kdluli.     Steel.     Also  kelola, 

kSluna.     A  climber  with  large  green   berries ; 
smilax  megacarpa. 


kSluweh.  Mengeluweh :  to  empty  out  any- 
thing ;  to  let  anything  out  by  utilizing  its 
weight,  e,g.,  as  men  empty  their  pockets  by 
turning  them  out  and  letting  the  contents  fall 
on  the  floor,  or  as  men  throw  a  burden  off  the 
shoulder  by  tilting  up  the  inner  portion  of  the 
shoulder. 

^^     kSloyak.     Torn    and    hanging;   tattered;   a 
frequentative  of  koyak,  q.  v. 

4^  kfileh.  (Kedah.)  To  notice,  to  glance  at  any- 
thing. Ta'-kUeh  mahu  iengok :  he  wishes  to 
see  without  glancing ;  he  wants  the  results 
without  the  causes ;  Prov. 


AJS  kSloh.  Panting,  deep  breathing.  K,  khah : 
sighing  and  restless  (used  of  the  restless 
sighing  of  a  lover);  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.;  Ht.  Abd.,  15. 

Mengeloh :  to  draw  Si  deep   breath,   to   sigh; 
Ht.  Koris ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  4. 

4^    kulah.     Pers.     A  hood ;  a  tiara. 


L> 


^  kgli.  A  fish  (unidentified);  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  12. 
Keli  duwa  sa4obang :  two  keli-i\sh  in  a  single 
hole ; — a  proverbial  expression  signifying  that 
a  woman  has  two  lovers;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XXIV.,  109. 

C^JS  kfilibat.  I.  A  double  paddle  ;^  also  gelibat. 
Aku  nampak  olak,  kelibat  hang  siidah  ku  tahii : 
on  seeing  the  ripples  I  recognized  ( the  work 
of)  your  paddle  ;  I  recognize  your  handiwork 
in  this  business  ;  Prov. 

II.  An  up  and  down  curving  motion  such 
as  the  motion  of  a  leach  over  the  ground. 
Terkelibat 'kelibat  saperti  lintah  lapar  :  wriggling 
forward  as  a  hungry  leach  ;  a  metaphor  for  a 
thief  on  the  prowl ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  96. 

III.  Appearing  at  intervals,  intermittently 
visible ;  occasional  faint  indications  or 
glimpses  of  anything. 

^,,^  kfelebet.  Mengelebet :  to  turn  up  the  edge, 
tip,  or  fold  of  anything  in  order  to  see  what 
lies  underneath.     Also  kelebek. 


4JUD 


0^ 


kSlebang.     Dancing  about,   as   a  swarm   of 
insects  round  a  flame  ;  irregular  movement  in 


swarms. 


k61ebek.     See  kelebet. 

kSliting.  Terkelitmg'keliting  :  shaking  a  door 
to  see  if  it  is  locked,  testing  the  condition  of 
anything  by  moving  it  in  contradistinction  to 
merely  feeling  its  surface  (teraba-raba) . 


kSlitah.     Manner,   idiosyncracy. 
capricious ;  Sh.  A.   R.  S.  J.,   19 

rag  am, 

kSliti.     A  Malay  thole-pin. 


Banyak  k,  : 
=  banyak 


jf 


kelichu.  Pilfering ;  theft  or  swindling  by 
purloining  a  little  at  a  time  in  the  hope  that 
it  will  not  be  missed. 

k61icheh.  Slipping  away  from  a  point,  as 
when  a  man  putting  his  foot  on  a  slippery 
place  finds  that  he  slips  a  little  to  one  side  or 
another  but  does  not  actually  lose  his  footing ; 
aslant  or  askew, — of  a  blow  which  though  it 
strikes  the  object  aimed  at  does  not  strike  it 
exactly  where  the  blow  was  aimed,  or  if  it  does 
strike  it  there  glances  slightly  aside  and  expends 
its  force  elsewhere. 

kilichi.  Buwah  kUichi :  a  hard  fruit  (uniden- 
tified) used,  like  the  buwah  keras,  by  Malay 
children  as  a  ball  in  playing  children's  games. 


K&LEDAR 


[    531     ] 


k£mangi 


J 


^ 


3^ 


kSledar.  Preparing  to  meet  impending  diffi- 
culties ;  precautions ;  defensive  measures ;  the 
taking  of  such  measures  ;  Bint.  Tim.,  4  April, 

1895. 

kSledang.     A  large  tree,  artocarpics  lancecefolia, 
K,  berok  :  artocarptis  lakoocha. 

kSledak.     Dregs;  caked  dirt  in  saucepans,  etc. 

kSledek.     Ubi     keledek :     a     common    tuber 

(convolvulus  batatas  ?) ;  Pel.  Abd.,  16  ;  Ht.  Sh. ; 
Ht.  Koris ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 

Loyar  k,:  a  cheap  lawyer ;  a  properly  qualified 
lawyer  with  a  pettifogging  practice. 


aJJS     kSlidau.     Cooking  utensils. 


yi 


jT 


kfiliru.     Confusion    of  thought;  inability   to  I 

understand   the  ins  and  outs  of  a  question  ;  I 

*' to  be  at  sea,"  mentally.     Barang  k. :  a  thing  | 

difficult  to  understand  or  find  out ;  *'  a   needle  1 

in  a  bundle  of  hay ;  "  Prov.  I 

Sa4engah  orang  pikiv  keliru, 

Tidak  menurut  pengajaran  guru :  [ 

many  people  think  most  confusedly  and  never  ! 
follow  the  instructions  of  their  teachers;  Sh.  I 
Nas.,  9. 

^j-mX^     kSlesa.     Careless  and  slovenly,  of  work. 


I twwJS 


J-tD 


jUsT 


J^ 


kglisa.     I.     A  church. 

II.     Kachang  kelisa :  a,  plant    (unidentified),  i 
Lanjut  L  :  another  such  plant ;  J.  I.  A.,  I.,  331.  j 

kdlisar.     A  door-mat ;  Kl.,  Pijn.     Also  kelisaL  ^ 

kglisip.     See  kelesek, 

kSlesek.  The  thin  skin  or  coating  on  an  \ 
object  such  as  a  banana  stem  or  aloe  leaf 

kglisal.     A  door-mat ;  KL,  Pijn.     Also  kelisar,  I 

kSlepet.  A  turned-down  corner  or  fold  of  j 
anything  such  as  the  turned  down  corner  of  ; 
the  page  of  a  book.     Cf.  lipat  and  kelepek, 

kSlepak.  Pendulous,  of  the  breasts  or  heavy  J 
objects. 

kfilepek.  Pendulous,  of  light  thin  objects 
(such  as  the  ears  of  an  animal  or  broken  wing 
of  a  bird)  and  not  of  heavy  globular  objects ; 
cf.  kelepak. 

kSlikir.  I.  A  ring-shaped  body;  a  loop  or 
circlet ;  the  strap  of  rattan  binding  an  oar  to 
the  thole  pin. 

Bumi  b^rkelikiry  langit  berthiiberang :  **with 
the  earth  for  a  thole-strap  and  the  sky  for 
stays ;"  a  meaningless  expression  in  itself  but 


^K' 


intended  to  suggest  a  rhyming  proverbial 
equivalent :  salah-salah  pikir  menjadi  hamba 
orang :  confusion  of  thought  makes  one  the 
slave  of  others;  cf.  Sh.  Lail,  Mejn.,  48. 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  75. 

II.     Batu  kelikir  :  gravel. 

^Jb     kglekok.     A  bird  (unidentified). 

cJLJb     kSlelut.  Kata  berkMelut :  broken  and  inaccurate 
speech. 

kSliling  or  kuliling.     The  surroundings ;  the 
part  round  anything ;  position  encircling. 

Kelilingkan  and  mengelilingkan  :  (transitive) 
to  whirl  round ;  to  turn  anything  round  and 
round;  to  carry  round  and  round;  Ht.  Ind. 
Nata. 

Berkeliling  :  around,  surrounding.  J5.  neg^ri  : 
round  the  town. 

Mengeliling  to  surround,  to  encircle,  to 
travel  round  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  Mengelingi :  id. ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  356,  359,  385 ;  Sej.  Mai.,  7,  76,  etc. 
Mmgelilingi  kota :  to  surround  a  fort.  Men- 
gelilingi  bumi :  to  circumnavigate  the  earth, 
Mengililingi  sa-genap  tempat :  to  travel  about 
everywhere. 

^JJf^  kalilah.  [Arab,  '^^]  The  name  of  one  of 
the  two  foxes  in  the  Fables  of  Bidpai  known 
to  the  Malays  as  the  Hikdyat  Kalilah  Damtnah. 
Often  pronounced  Galtlah, 

\^  kalimah.     The    Muhammadan   profession   of 
faith.     Better    (Arab.)  ^,  q. 


V. 


o^ 


k61iyan.  (Kedah.)  A  mine.  Properly  kaliyan 
(from  kali,  a  variant  of  gali,  to  dig) ;  =  (Riau, 
Johor)  galiyan, 

j^JS     kSlewer.      [Dutch  kluiver^     A  foresail. 

kglewang.     A  heavy   chop] 
used  especially  by  Achinese. 

•y^  kSmatu.   Keras  kematu  :  obstinately  hard,  as  a 
y  fruit  upon  which  boiling  produces  no  softening 

effect.     Probably  a  variant  of  keras  tembatu  : 
hard  as  the  fruit  of  the  nipah. 


LJ^  kSlewang.     A  heavy  chopping   short   sword 


Ravenous  hunger. 

Yesterday;  a  variant  of  kelSmarin, 


Ik\^  kSmarok. 

.   \<^  kgmarin. 
OJ^      q.  V. 

\^  k3marau.     A  drought ;  a  period  of  continuous 
•^^  absence  of  rain.     Musim  k. :  the  dry  season  ; 

Ht.  Abd.,  217,  278.  Masa  itusangat  kemarau 
telaga  habis  keying  :  the  season  was  a  very  dry 
one  and  all  the  pools  were  parched  up;  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  no. 

L\j    kSmangi.   Medang  kemangi :  a  strongly-scented 
-  tree  used  in  native    medicine;  cinnamomum 

parihenoxylon. 


KiiMALA 


[    532    ] 


KlilMBANG 


kdmala.     A  talismanic  stone.  Usually  gemala^ 
q.  V. 


kSmalai.  Laxity ;  weakness ;  yielding,  sway- 
ing, drooping.  Lemah  kemalai :  soft  and 
yielding.  Pinggang-nya  lemah  kemalai  saperti 
tar  ok  angsoka  di-tiytip  angin  :  her  waist  was  soft 
and  yielding  as  the  twigs  of  the  angsoka  (tree) 
when  swayed  by  the  wind;  Ht.  Sh. 


\^  kSmamam.     Feeling  weak  after  illness. 


r 


k6mayoh.     A   paddle.     Also  pengayoh,   from 
kayohy  q.  V. 


kumba.      [Skr.  ktmtbha.]     A  frontlet  worn  by 
an  elephant  in  its  state  trappings. 


kSmbara     or    kumbara.     Mengembara:   to 
wander,  to  rove. 


kSmbala.    [Skr,  gopdla.]  A  herdsman.  Better 
gembala,  q.  v. 


kSmbali  or  kombali.  Return;  motion  or 
transference  back  to  the  original  starting 
point.  Kembali-lah  iya  ka-Melaka  :  he  returned 
to  Malacca.  Hidop  kembali :  to  return  to  life. 
Kembali  ka-rahmat  Allah:  to  return  to  the 
mercy  of  God;  an  euphemism  for  death  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  12.  Kembali  ka'ddru'l-bakd  :  to  return 
to  the  abode  which  is  eternal ;  to  die ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  17. 

Kembalikan :  to  give  (anything)  back ;  to 
return  (anything);  Sej.  MaL,  132;  Sh.  Sg. 
Kanch.,  40;  Sh.  Lamp.,  34;  Ht.  Koris. 
Mengembalikan  :  id.;  also  to  resume.  Mengem- 
balikan  rupa-nya  yang  sediya-kala :  to  resume 
their  original  form  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 


W    kSmbayat.     Cambay  (in   India).   Kain  k. :  a 
Cambay  fabric  of  cloth, 

<^  kambut.     A  large  basket;  a  receptacle  con- 
"**        taining  about  10  gantangs  of  padi. 


/i-' 


f 


kSmbar.  Duplication;  a  match  or  pair; 
twin.  Dtiwa  orang  anak  laki-laki  kembar:  twin 
sons;  Ht.  Abd.,  135,  Saudarasa-kembar :twin- 
brothers ;  Ht.  Gh..  Punggok  dtiwa  sa-kembar  : 
t^Nin  punggok'hirds  ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  4. 

Mmgembari :  to  duplicate;  to  be  a  match  or 
equivalent  for  any  person  or  thing.  Penglima- 
nya  yang  mmgembari  raja-nya :  their  penglima 
who  was  the  equivalent  of  a  king  to  them  ;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah. 


J' 


kgmbor.    Chakap 
sensical  talk. 


kembor :     boastful     non- 


VjT 


wr 


lt^ 


kumbar.  A  large  almost  stemless  palm  with 
large    thorny     leaves;     zalacca     wallichiana. 

Ritmpiit     k. :     a     common      sedge ;    scleria 
snmatrensis. 

kdmbSra.  L  Moving  in  a  scattered  swarm, 
as  flies  when  disturbed  in  large  numbers. 

II.     A  ship-cabin  ;=\  <' 

kambus.  Stopping  up  an  orifice;  filling  up  ; 
choking  up ;  silting  up.  Sungai  lama-fiya  iiu 
sa7igat  berbelit'belit  lagi-pim  hendak  kambns 
menjadi  sungai  tohor :  for  the  old  river  with 
much  meandering  and  with  its  tendency  to 
silt  had  become  quite  shallow. 


LT' 


S  kumbas. 


Jtv 


(Kedah.)    Mengnmbas  :  to  abscond, 
to  bolt.  Also  timbas, 

kambang.  Mengambang :  to  soar  on  out- 
stretched pinions  as  an  eagle  or  hawk.  Cf. 
ambang^  kimbang,  terbang,  etc. 

kambing,  A  generic  name  for  sheep  and 
goats. 

K.  belanda  :  the  common  sheep. 

K.  benggala :  a  large  goat  imported  from 
Bengal. 

K.  biri'biri :  a  small  local  sheep. 

K,  burong,  k,  btinm,  or  k,  gernn  :  the  wild 
goat  of  the  Malay  Peninsula. 

K,  kachang :  the  Hainan  goat. 

K.  kibas  :  {krdb.kibash)  the  Arabian  big-tailed 
sheep. 

K.perahan:  a  milch-goat,  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf., 
20,   95. 

K,  randok :  a  hairy  and  rank  old  he-goat ; 
a  metaphor  for  a  lascivious  old  scoundrel, 

K,  shaieni  (Sydney) :  the  Austrahan  sheep. 

Ktiku  k, :  (i)  the  trotters  of  a  sheep  ;  (2)  the 
feet  of  a  salver  (pahar)  ;  (3)  a  peculiar  forked 
instrument  for  planting  the  padt-shoots  taken 
from  the  nursery. 

kdmbang.  Opening  out,  expansion,  spread  ; 
the  open  flower  in  contradistinction  to  the 
bud.  K,  kemhup  :  opening  and  closing,  as  an 
umbrella.  Btmga  yang  layu  balek  kembang  :  a 
faded  flower  that  is  blossoming  out  again  ;  an 
old  man  dressed  as  a  young  one ;  Prov. 

Balai  k,  :  an  open  pleasure  house  or  kiosque ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng.,  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg, 

Belat  k. :  an  outshore  fish-trap  on  the  lines 
of  the  belat  betawi  but  rather  smaller. 

Bunga  kembang  sa-mangkok :  a  seed  which 
swells  to  a  great  size  under  the  influence  of 
water ;  the  seed  of  the  tree  sterctdia  scaphifera, 

Kain  k, :  a  sarong  worn  without  trousers 
underneath ;  Ht.  Abd.,  49. 


kSmbong 


[    533    ] 


K^MBOJA 


^ 


Berkembang :  to  blossom  out,  to  open  out. 
Segala  bunga-bimgaan  berkembang-lah  saperti 
bersemhahkan  bmi-nya  pada  Radin  Galoh :  all 
the  flowers  blossomed  out  as  though  to  offer 
their  fragrance  for  the  acceptance  of  the 
princess;  Cr.  Gr.,  79. 

Terkembang :  opened  out,  expanded.  Ter- 
kembang'lah  hati-ku  :  my  heart  swelled  (with 
joy) ;  Ht.  Abd.,  458. 

kdmbong.     Inflation,     blowing   out,    swollen 
^  with  air. 

Hantu  k, :  a  spirit  of  disease  afflicting 
humanity  with  pains  and  swellings  in  the 
stomach  ;  J.  I.  A.,  I.,  307. 

Ikan  k,f  or  buntal  A.  :  a  fish  which  blows 
itself  out  to  a  considerable  size. 

Laksana    buntal   kembong, 

Perut    hiuichit,   dalam-nya   kosong  : 

Hke  the  fish,  buntal  kembong^  which  has  a  huge 
stomach  and  nothing  inside  it  ;  a  proverbial 
simile  for  empty  sw^agger. 

Penit  k. :  the  feeling  of  fullness  or  inflation 
after  meals;  Muj.,  94. 

Terkembong:  swollen  out,  puffed  out, 
inflated. 

iji    kimbang.     The  wheeling  or  turning  motion 
^        of  a  kite  or  eagle  on  the  wing. 

Terkimbang-kimbang  :  approaching  and  then 
turning  away;  moving  backwards  and 
forwards  ;  going  some  w^ay  and  then  turning 
back,  as  a  man  pacing  up  and  down  when 
waiting  for  a  friend  with  whom  he  has  an 
appointment. 


tf 


kumbang.  A  generic  name  for  coco-nut 
beetles,  humble-bees,  and  similar  creatures, 
especially  when  of  a  black  colour,  Bagai 
kumbang  putus  tali :  like  a  coco-nut  beetle 
when  the  thread  (tied  to  it  by  its  captor)  is 
broken;  off  at  once ;  Prov.,  Ht.Raj.  Don.,  10. 
Kumbang  tidak  sa-ckor,  btinga  tidak  sa-kaki : 
there  is  more  than  one  humming-bee  (the  type 
of  the  lover)  and  more  than  one  flower  (the 
type  of  the  beloved) ;  there  are  as  good  fish  in 
the  sea  as  ever  came  out  of  it ;  Prov. 

K.  bertedoh  :  a  black  mole  on  the  skin. 

Harimau  k.  :  the  black  panther.  Harimau 
menunjok  kumbang  :  the  panther  showing  its 
black  skin  ;  a  proverbial  expression  for  a 
wicked  man  betraying  his  true  character. 

Sayap  k, :  the  wing  of  a  coco-nut  beetle  or 
humble-bee ;  a  symbol  for  a  black  and  shiny 
object.  Asahsayapk,:  to  file  and  stain  the 
teeth  so  as  to  resemble  the  wings  of  a  humble- 
bee. 

Sa-ekor   naga    di-lautan    China 
Di-gonggong  kumbang  di-bawa-nya  lari  : 

a  dragon  in  the  China  Sea  has  been  pounced 
on  by  a  humble-bee  and  carried  off  by  it; 
a  sneer  at  an  incredible  story  of  a  conquest 
of  the  great  by  the  mean,  or  a  proverbial 
protest  against  a  girl  of  rank  being  given  in 
marriage  to  an  adventurer  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  409. 


Jt^ 


J 


^ 


kSmbok.     (Riau.)     A  brass    bason  or  finger 
bowl.     Also  (Kedah)  kembokan  and  kesimbokan, 

kumbakara.     [Skr.    kumbhakdra,]    A  potter. 


\^     kSmbal.     A   sort   of  pouch,    basket,   or   box 
^*  made  of  mengkuwang   leaves.     K.   7na$ :    the 

name  of  a  cake,  Ht.  Best.  Ikan  k.  mas :  a 
well-know^n  fish,  known  when  dead  and 
preserved  by  this  name,  but  when  alive  as 
ikan  ambn-ambu. 


kimbul.  A  privy  built  over  the  stern  of  a 
ship. 

kambSli.  Pers.  Coarse  thick  woollen  or 
hair  cloth ;  Pel.  Abd,,  140.  Kain  k, :  a 
blanket,  a  rug.     K,  kuda :  a  horse-cloth. 


^V      kambam.     To    lash   fast ;     to    secure     with 
1'  lashings. 

^-V  kemban.  P^astening  round  the  chest  ;  a  way 
of  folding  the  sarong  round  the  breast.  Maka 
tuwan  putcri  pun  terkejut  lain  tenirai  kemban- 
nya  :  the  princess  was  startled  and  the  fasten- 
ing of  her  sarong  was  loosened ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya. 

Berkemban :  wearing  the  sarong  fastened 
round  the  breast,  ix,,  in  deshabille^  without 
an  upper  garment ;  Pel.  Abd.,  81. 


^ 


kambu.     I.     A    state   of    extreme    collapse; 
utterly  pulled  down,  of  a  sick  man, 

II.  The  block  at  the  end  of  a  piston-rod 
in  a  pump  or  syringe. 

III.  Kayu  tiga  sa -kambu:  a  form  of 
gambling  somewhat  similar  to  the  three  card 
trick  ;  trying  to  guess  which  is  the  shortest  of 
three  sticks  the  ends  of  which  only  are  visible. 


^'^   kambau.     A  tmtle  (unidentified). 

<^     kumbu.     A   rough    basket    used  by  anglers; 
y^         a  fish-basket;  Ht.  Raj.  Haji.,  184. 

7-0.^    kSmboja.       I.       The     frangipanni,    phmiera 

tr*'  acutifolia.     The  tree   itself  is   usually   called 

chempaka  biru  or  chempaka  muliyUy  the  flowers 

and  leaves  kemboja ;  it  is  planted  in  cemeteries 

like  the  yew  or  cypress. 

Kalau   tuwan  jalan   dahulu 

Chartkan  sehaya  daun   kemboja; 

Kalau   tuwan   matt   dahulu, 

Nantikan   sehaya  di-pintu  shurga : 

if  you,  my  lord,  should  go  before  me,  find  for 
me  a  spray  of  frangipanni ;  but  should  you 
die  before  me,  await  me  at  the  gate  of  heaven  ; 
Cr.  Gr.,  65. 

II.    Cambodia;  also  kemoja^  Sh.  Pant.  Shl.,3. 


67 


KUMBAH 


[     534     ] 


KAMPOICG 


^ 


b  kumbah.  Washing ;  washing  off  or  washing 
out ;  washing  on  a  large  scale  ;  (by  metaphor) 
all-comprehensive,  of  abuse,  as  when  a  man 
abuses  his  enemy's  family  down  to  his  most 
distant  relatives.  Saperti  beras  kumbah :  like 
soaked  rice  (which  will  fetch  nothing  if  sold, 
and  is  worth  nothing  as  food) ;  a  type  of  worth- 
lessness;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  36. 

kambi*  I.  A  thin  planking  running  along 
the  foot  of  a  wall ;  a  sort  of  plank  dado. 
Dinding  k,,  id. ;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  91. 

Pintu  k,:    a  light    door  like   a  pintu  avibang 
but  reaching  to  the  ground. 

IL     (Kedah.)     An  ear  pendant. 

iS/h^     kSmbiri.     Gelding,  castration,      Ayam  k,  :  a 
*    **  capon  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  177. 

Kuda  ^. :  a  gelding.     Also  kebiri, 
X*.J$    kSmbili.     A  tuber,  coleus  ttiberosus ;  Ht.  Koris. 
^   kSmat.     A  colloquial  variant  of /t//%wa^,  q.  v. 


^    <^     k@mut.     Gentle  throbbing  pressure  or  move- 
'^"^*"        ment.    Jalan  terkemut-kemut :  the  walk  of  an  old 
man.     Cf.  temot. 


J 


kSmSjan.  Yu  kemejan  :  a  species  of  shark  or 
dog-fish.     Also  (Kedah)  yu  kemennyan, 

kimMia.  [Chin,?]  A  rich  Chinese  fabric 
{kimkha yang  perbiiwatannegeri  China  ;  Ht.  Isk. 
Dz.),  Generally  known  as  kain  kingkap  or 
kain  kap. 


Ck 


j^  komSdor.       [Dutch  coimnaiideiirJ\     Harbour- 
master (Riau). 

J^^  k&nudiyanv  Afterwards;  subsequent  to. 
Kemidiyan  davipada  iUt:  after  that,  subse- 
quently. Hari  yang  kemudiyan  :  days  to  come ; 
the  future.  Pronounced  kemcdiyan  or  hetndiyan. 
Cf,  udi,  mttdek,  kemudi,  etc, 

J^  .  kamail^     Pel's-     A  scarf,  a  girdle. 
Up     kamfira.     Eur.     A  cabin  on  a  ship. 
9yk^    kfimgring,    A  wehr.tig< 


er. 


a^ 


kgmSrok. 

eggs. 


(Penang.)   Telor  kemerok :    rotten 


U*^ 


<r 


kSmas.  Packing ;  storing  away  in  limited 
space.  HMor  yang  kemas-kemm  :  valuables  ; 
goods^the  value  of  which  is  out  of  proportion 
to  the.space  they  take  up;  Ht.  Hg*  Tuw.,  49. 
Berkemas:  to  pack  up;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  25; 
Ht.  Ab4»}  loi.  Klmaskan  :  to  pack  (any- 
thing) up;  Sh.  UL,  15.  Berkemaskan,  and 
berBmaS'kemaskan :  id.;  Hf.  Abd.,  124,  130, 
390- 


LTV 


U^' 


r 


k^mis.  I.  [From  khdmis,  Thursday.]  To 
beg  (on  Thursdays)  for  donations  in  connec- 
tion %vith  the  Friday  services. 

n.     (Kedah.)     To  pass  urine.     See  kemeh. 

kamasta.  Pers.  A  sort  of  beaker  or  bowl ; 
Kl.,  v.  d.  W.,  Pijn. 

kamsen  or  komsen.  Eng.  Commission 
on  a  sale  ;  brokerage ;  a  gift  or  present  to  a 
party  through  whose  offices  a  bargain  has 
been  effected. 

kSmang.  I.  An  evil  spirit  believed  to  affect 
newly-born  children.  Tahi  k,  :  matter  on 
the  body  of  a  newly-born  child. 

n.     A  tree,  mangifera  hemanga, 

kSlQUngkus.  I.  Cubebs;  more  commonly, 
lada  berekor  or  khnnkus, 

n.       Telor    kemtmghis :    eggs   which   never 
hatch.     Also  (Kedah)  telor  kemukus, 

kampa.     A  tree  (unidentified). 

kSmpa.     Pers.     A  seal  of  state;  Sej.  Mai,  36. 

kampit.  A  small  bag  made  of  wicker  work. 
Also  (lied^h)  kampiL 

kempit.  An  earthenware  water  vessel  some- 
thing Hke  a  buyong ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  105. 
Usually  kepit 

kempot.     Sunken  and  hollow  of  the  cheeks. 

kompot.  Maimed;  having  a  limb  lopped  off 
when  no  stump  of  the  limb  is  left.  Cf.  /eom- 
pong. 


jw 


^     kampar.     The  name  of  a  Sumatran  state. 


^jjf 


kfempas.  A  large  tree,  cumpassia  inalaccensis  ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  57. 

kempis.  Reduction  in  size  owing  to  loss  of 
contents,  as  a  sack  becomes  smaller  when 
some  of  its  contents  are  removed,  or  as  an 
inflammation  is  reduced  whfen  eased  by  loss  of 
pus,  or  as  the  breasts  are  reduced  after  the 
milk  has  been  taken  out  of  them. 

kompas.     Eng.     The  face  of  the  compass. 


jj^  kampomg.  Assembling,  grouping ;  a  hamlet, 
CT^  a  cluster  of  houses.  Saperti  gajah  masok  kam- 
pong:  like  an  elephant  entering  a  hamlet 
(breaking  down  everything) ;  a  proverbial 
description  of  a  calamitous  event  such  as  the 
arrival  of  a  raja  and  his  followers ;  Pro  v., 
J,  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  142.  Kampong  yang  tempat 
aku  di'peranakan  itu  :  the  village  which  was 
my  birthplace ;  t  Htl  Abd.,  14.  Orang  tuwa- 
tuwa  kampong  :  the  village  elders.  Ketuwa 
kampong  rid*  Tanah  kampmtg  :  garden  land  (on 
which  houses  can  be  built)  in  contradistinc- 
tion to  swampy  padi  land: 


k£mpang 


[    535    ] 


EEMUNCHUP 


Kanipongkan,  mengampong  and  mengampong- 
kail :  to  assemble,  to  gather  (people)  together. 
K,  perkataan:  to  collect  words  {e.g,  for  a 
dictionary),  Ht,  Abd.,  162.  Mmgarnpong  isi 
negeri  :  to  call  together  the  inhabitants  of  a 
place ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  150.  Mengampongkan 
dagang  senteri :  to  gather  together  the 
strangers;  Sh.  Bid.,  94. 

Berkampong :  to  meet  together;  to  assemble 
(intransitive) ;  Ht.  Abd.,  42,  72,  170,  etc. 

kgmpang  or  (Kedah)  kempang.  A  river 
boat,  a  sort  of  dug-out. 

kempong.  Shrunken  about  the  cheeks,  as 
when  a  man  is  toothless ;  hollow  and  drawn. 

kompong.  Maimed,  as  a  limb  which  has  been 
cut  off  so  that  oidy  a  small  stump  is  left.  Cf. 
rompong  and  koinpot. 

kSmpek.     I.  Fidgeting  and  restlessas  the  result 

of  curiosity,  —  used,  for  instance,  of  women 
when  they  hear  there  is  a  stranger  in  the  house 
but  do  not  wish  to  betray  their  desire  to  see 
him;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  5. 

II.  Kembong-kempek :  an  intensitive  oikem- 
hong,  q.  V. 

kampil.  I.  A  short  sword  heavy  at  the  point. 
Also  kampilan. 

II.  (Kedah.)  A  sort  of  small  sack  made  of 
mengkuwang  work;  =  (Riau,  Johor)  kampit. 

kfimpul.  Terkhnpid'kemptil :  slow  and  labori- 
ous progress,  as  that  of  a  man  paddling 
against  wind  and  tide. 

^  kumpal.     A  clot,  a  lump.     Daging  sa-kampal : 
a  lump  of  meat ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam. 


i^ 
^ 
^ 

^ 


^ 


^ 
>' 


\j^    kumpul.      Assembly,       gathering,       meeting 
O^       together.      Sa-kumpttl :      in      one    gathering, 
together. 

Kimipulan  :  a  gathering,  an  assembly;  Ht. 
Abd.,  254.  Perkumpulan  :  id.;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata; 
Sh.  Lamp.,  34. 

Kurnpulkan :  to  assemble  (people)  together ; 
to  collect  (objects) ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  42.  Men- 
gumpul :  id.;  Sh.  Peng.,  20.  Mengnmpidkan  : 
id.;  Sh,  Peng.,  19. 

1  \  K^  kSmpSlang.     To  strike  with  a  piece  of  wood 
J^      or  iron. 

i<^  k§mpom.     Hollow  and  drawn,  of  the  cheeks; 
p        =  kempong  and  kepom. 

^  1^  kompSni,  Eur.  The  East  India  Company; 
(S^  the  Government.  Yang  berlmrmat  Hindiya 
Kompeni:  the  Honourable  the  East  India 
Company;  Ht.  Abd.,  265.  Herta  k. :  public 
property.  Tanah  k, :  Crown  land  ;  Sh.  Kamp. 
Boy.,  14.  Hamba  k, :  (in  the  Hikayat  Abdullah) 
the  convicts  in  the  old  East  India  Company 
days. 


a.£i  kfiinpil.  A  round  box  or  case  with  a  cover 
to  it. 

^j^yU  kempiHian.  A  dilemma ;  a  difficulty  caused 
by  every  course  open  to  one  having  its 
disastrous  features.  Lepas  dcri  kumpwtan:  to 
escape  from  an  awkward  iix;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  6, 

4i5  kampoll.  I.  A  connecting  link  between  two 
flat  objects  ;a  classifier  of  objects  so  connected. 
Terubok  sa-kampoh  :  (i)  a  piece  of  ternbok  roe ; 
(2)  a  weapon  now  obsolete. 

II.     A   head-covering;   Ht.    Sh.    Kub. ;    Sh. 
Panj.  Sg. 

1$  kumpai.  Rumput  kmnpai :  a  swamp  grass  the 
pith  of  which  is  used  as  a  sort  of  primitive 
wick ;  panicum  my  urns. 

A',  fikus  :  floscopa  scandens. 

I  Q     kempilor.     A  wicker  case  divided  into  many 
-^  compartments. 

qLP    kampilan.     See  kampil. 

^  k^mek.     Dented    but    not    perforated,   of   a 

*"^  metallic  surface.  Kemok-k,:  covered  with 
dents.  Hidong  /e. :  a  nose  shrunken  or  eaten 
into  by  disease, 

-S    k6mok.     See  klmcL 

^^^  kimka.     See  kimkha. 


kamkam.     The   bone    corresponding    to   the 
hinge  in  working  the  jaws ;  a  cheek-bone. 


f 

Y^^  kumkuma,      [Skr.      kungkuma.]      Curcuma, 
^^      saffron;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz.;  Muj., 
20,  30.     Also  koma  koma, 

^JjX'  kSmfilut.  The  crisis  in  a  disease,  K,  naik  : 
the  period  just  before  the  crisis.  K.  turtin : 
the  period  immediately  subsequent  to  the 
crisis. 

K^  kamSli.     Thick  woollen  material  such  as  that 
o         of  which  blankets  are  made.     Also  kambeli. 


kSmam.     Holding  in  the  closed  mouth  without 
swallowing, —  as  a  quid  of  tobacco  is  held. 


i , .  ^  kdmunting.     The  rose-myrtle.     Also  keremtm' 
Cr^       ting,  q.  v. 

».<^  k§m§ntam.     (Onom.)     A  sound  such  as  that 
I*  of  people  stamping  on  the  ground;   Ht.  Mar. 

^  Mah. 


\<^  kemSnjaya.     A    variant   of   kama  jaya    (the 
^  *         victorious  God  of  Love). 


i^$"  kdmunchup.     Rumput  kemunchup :  love  grass 
^t^        Ht,  Sri.  Rama  (Maxw.),  64. 


KEMONCHAK 


[    536    J 


k£:na 


^_ji^    kSmonchak.     Summit,  top,  crest ;  Sej.  Mai., 

14,34;   Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ;   Ht.   Abd,,    59.     Also 
(Kedah)  kemochak.     Ci.  puuchak. 


J\J:f 


kSmfendalu.  I.  Kayu  klmendalu:  a  mistle- 
toe; a  parasitic  plant  ;  =  6lwrf^ite,  mendalu, 
nenalu,  etc. 

II.     [Arab.     J^J     A  bucket,  a  jar,  an  Arab 

water- vessel. 

Zj^^S    kfinifindit.     l^ali  kemendit :  a  narrow  belt  or 
girdle;  Ht.  Hamz.,  66.     Also  tali  kendit, 

yJ:u    komendor.      [Dutch  conimandeur,]     The  har- 
^  bour-master  at  Batavia.     Also  (Riau)  komedor. 


kSmgndikai. 

rnendikai. 


A  water-melon.     Also  (Kedah) 


kSmSimyan  or  kSmfinnyen.  I.  Benzoin ; 
a  sweet  smelling  drug.  Kayu  k. :  the  tree 
from  which  this  benzoin  is  obtained,  styrax 
benzoin.  Pasang  k. :  to  burn  benzoin  ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.  Bakar  k, :  id,  Kemennyen  sa-besar 
lutut,  jika  iiyada  di-bakav  manakan  berban :  a 
piece  of  benzoin  may  be  as  large  as  your  knee, 
but  if  you  do  not  burn  it  how  are  you  to  get  at 
its  fragrance;  many  things  are  useless  if 
hoarded  and  only  useful  if  spent ;  Prov. 

K.  'arab,  k.  puteh,  and  k,  hiiam :  varieties  of 
benzoin.  K,  merah:  '* dragon's  blood;"  dw- 
monorops  draco.  K,  serani :  a  sweet  smelling 
gum,  also  known  as  getah  rokam.  Ahar  k, : 
dioscorea  pyrifolia, 

1 1 .  Yu  kemennyan  :  (Kedah)  a  species  of  shark 
or  dog-fish  ;=  (Riau,  Johor)  jw  kemejan. 


k6mau.     Tenmg  kemau  (or  kong  k,  ? ) ;  a  creeper 
(unidentified);  also  known  as  ahar  kelemayoh. 


ytS  ^^^OJa.     x\  variant  of  kemhoja,  q.  v. 


6j^ 


kSmudi.  A  rudder;  Ht.  Bakht.,  39.  Berke- 
mtidi  dari  halnwan :  to  steer  from  the  bows ; 
a  proverbial  description  of  a  household  in  which 
the  wife  or  some  subordinate  member  really 
rules;  cf.  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  152.  Patah  kemudi 
dengan  ebam-nya :  the  rudder  is  broken  and  so 
is  its  cross  piece;  all  is  lost;  Prov.  Pegang  k. : 
to  **hold  the  rudder;"  to  steer. 

iv .  chawat :  a  European  rudder. 
K.  sepak :  a  native  paddle-rudder. 
Siput  k:   a   long   thin    shell   found  in   mud 
banks  along  the  coast.     Cf.  kemudiyan, 

kSmtxrok.  Telor  kemnrok :  a  rotten  egg.  Also 
Ulor  k  emir  ok* 

kdmukut.  Rice  chaff  ;=  (Riau,  Johor)  melukut, 
(Kedah)  denmkut,  (Trengganu)  lemtikok,  etc. 

kfimukus.     I.     (Kedah.)      Cubebs;  =    (Riau, 
Johor)  kBmungkus,  or  lada  berekor. 

II.     Telor  kenmkus:  (Kedah)  eggs  which  will 
not  hatch ;  addled  eggs.     Also  kemungkus. 


s 


kSmuning.  A  small  tree  yielding  a  beauti- 
fully veined  yellow  wood  which  takes  a  high 
polish  and  is  used  for  making  keris  handles 
and  portions  of  the  sheath ;  murraya  exotica ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb..  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  From  ktining, 
^^yellow." 

kfimeh.  Berkemeh :  to  make  water,  to  pass 
urine;  Muj.,  83. 

kdmi.  Ikan  kcmi :  the  sucking-fish.  Also 
gemi,  and  (Kedah)  gedetni, 

kfimetut.     Dwarf,  insignificant, —  of  fruit. 
kSmetek.     Wan  kemetek :  a  type  of  kite, 

kemeja,  or  kameja.  [Port,  camisa.]  A  shirt ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  247. 

kSmiri.  The  candle-nut,  alenrites  mohiccanus ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg.     Also  kembiri  and  buwah  keras, 

komisi.  [Dutch  commissie.]  A  judicial  officer 
of  minor  rank. 

kemishen.  Eng.  Commission,  percentage, 
discount,  brokerage ;  Ht.  Abd.,  233,  278. 
Usually  (in  colloquial  language)  kamsen  or 
komsen* 

kSmili.      Ubi  kemili :   (Kedah)  a  tuber,  coleus 
tuherosus ;  :==:  (Ki'du,  Johor)  nbi  kembili. 

kemgnyan  or  kgmSnyen.  Benzoin;  see 
keinennyan, 

kan.  I.  An  ornamental  railing  at  the  bows 
and  stern  of  a  native  perahu ;  the  balustrade 
of  the  d  and  an, 

II.     An  abbreviation  for  aA'a;;,  q.v. 

ken.  Jav.  A  titular  prefix  to  the  names  of 
women,  e,g.  Ken  Tabuhan  (in  the  Shair  Ken 
Tabuhan)  Ken  Bayan  (in  the  Hikayat  Mas. 
Edan),  etc. 


kun.     I.     [Arab  ^^:  to  happen,  to  take  place.] 

An   expression   the   equivalent  of  jadi-lah   in 

incantations. 

said  God, 


Ktm  kata  Allah:  '*^let  this  be," 


uT 


II.  [Chin.  Kiin,]  A  border  to  a  garment 
when  that  border  is  made  of  a  cloth  of  a  colour 
different  to  that  of  the  rest  of  the  garment ; 
a  border  sewn  on  to  anything ;  a  trimming. 


k6na.  Contact ;  to  come  into  contact  with ; 
to  incur  or  experience ;  to  exactly  touch  or 
hit  it  off,  K,  denda  :  to  incur  a  fine ;  to  be 
fined.  K.  pnkul :  to  be  struck.  K,  karang  : 
to  run  on  a  reef,  of  a  ship.  K,  rugi :  to  be  put 
to  loss.  K,  sakit :  to  fall  ill.  Saperti  ular 
kena  pain :  like  a  stricken  snake ;  a  proverbial 
description      of    impotent     struggling;     Ht. 


K&NARI 


[     537     ] 


KANTIN 


^J 


Abd.,  204,  Bagai  chinchin  kena  permata :  like  a 
ring  fitted  with  a  gem ;  a  most  appropriate 
combination  ;  Prov.,  Sej.  Mai.,  102.  &ntahkan 
salah,  entahkan  kena  :  whether  wrong  or  right ; 
whether  hitting  it  off  or  not;  Sh.  Ungg.  Bers. 
Jdnggal  tci'-kena :  jarring  and  inharmonious 
(as  bad  rhymes  or  inappropriate  wording) ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

K,  pasang :  to  hit  a  vital  spot  ;  to  hit  **  full." 

Kenakan  and  mengenakan :  to  bring  into 
contact ;  to  put  on  or  assume ;  to  lit  one  thing 
on  another ;  to  deceive  or  take  in.  Mengenakan 
senjata  :  to  assume  weapons;  to  arm  oneself; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  M,  anak  panah :  to  fit  an 
arrow  to  a  bow ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  Raja  yang 
pandai  tiyada  buleh  di-kena-kenakan  akandiya  ; 
an  experienced  ruler  is  not  to  be  taken  in  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  260. 

Berkenaan  :  in  harmony;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Mengena'i :  to  touch,  to  come  in  contact  with, 
to  strike.  Ada  bain  yang  terbang  sampai 
ka-saberang  dan  mengena'i  rnmah-mmah  :  some 
stones  flew  across  to  the  other  side  and  struck 
the  houses  there ;  Ht.  Abd.,  64. 

Terkena:  that  have  been  fitted  to;  set  or 
mounted ;  deceived,  taken  in.  Tiyada  bnleh 
aku  terkena  emas  a  tan  perak  lanchongan  :  I  am 
not  to  be  taken  in  with  counterfeit  gold  or 
silver;  Ht.  Abd.,  25.  Intan  baiduri  yang 
terkena  kapada  pelana  kuda  itii :  the  diamonds 
and  opals  with  which  the  saddle  was  studded  ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

\j^    kSnari,     Eur.  CinrdryseeA,canarinrnco)nmu}ie, 
Bnrong  k, :  (Singapore)  the  canary. 


k\*^  kdnanga 

C  used   for 


A  tree  with  scented  green  flowers 
making  perfume,  cananga  odonita, 
K.  hntan  :  a  tree,  polyalthia  scortechinii.  K, 
paya :  a  shrub,  unona  longiJJora.  A  kar  k. 
hutan  :  a  climber,  unona  discolor. 


k^napa.  Why ;  for  what  reason  ;  (=  kena 
apa  ?), 

konta.  I.  [Port,  conta.^  A  reckoning,  an 
account. 

H.     (Singapore.)     A  tale-bearer,  a    scnndal- 
monger. 

kentara.     Visible  ;  a  variant  of  ketara,  q.  v. 

kSntala.     Bnrong  kentala  :  a  heron. 

kSntut.  Breaking  wind;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  39, 
Pokok  si-kentni,  or  pokok  kentut-khitut :  shrubs 
exhaling  a  very  unpleasant  smell  ;  sapi'osnia 
sp.,  and  lasianthus  sp. 

kantor.  [  Dutch  kantoor,  J  A  police-court 
(in  Netherlands  India);  Kam,  Kech.,  11;  Sh. 
Lamp.,  32. 

kentar  or  kintar.     L     Eng.     A    decanter. 
II.     A  variant  of  kitar,  q.  v. 


konterlir.      [Dutch   controleur.] 
Officer  in  the  Dutch  possessions. 


A    District 


kantang.  Exposed  by  low-tide,  of  the  banks 
at  a  river's  month  ;  a  bank  so  exposed. 

kanting.     See  kontang, 

kantong.     I.     A  purse,  a  satchel. 

II.  [Cantonese  kwang4ung.]  China  kan- 
tong :  ''Chinese  from  Canton,"  a  name,  how- 
ever, given,  in  ignorance,  to  Muhammadan 
Chinese  from  Yunnan,  the  Cantonese  being 
generally  known  as  orang  makau.  The  form 
china  knwantung  is  more  common.  In  the 
Hikayat  Abdullah  (p.  146)  china  kantong  refers 
to  Cantonese. 

III.  Bnrong  kantong :  a  bird  (unidentified)  ; 
Sh.  Ung.  Bers.,  7,  28. 

kentang.  Ubi  kentang :  the  potato,  solanmn 
tuberosum;  Ht.  Sh. 

kSntong.  lOnom.)  Kentong-kentong :  a 
wooden  sounding-block  used  at  a  private 
mosque  {suran  or  bandarsah), 

kentong.     An  earthenware  vessel  or  pot. 

kontang.  Kontang-kanting  :  swaying  or 
shaking  to  and  fro ;  dangling  and  swinging. 
Cf.  kontaUkantil . 

konteng.  Berkonteng  :  (Singapore)  to  follow 
its  parent  about,  of  a  child. 

kantil.     See  kontal. 

kSntal.  Jav.  Thick;  only  shghtly  fluid,  of 
viscous  bodies.  Diyani  ubilagi  kcntal :  the  rest 
of  the  tuber  which  becomes  more  solid  with 
rest ;  rest  which  invigorates,  in  contradis- 
tinction to  idleness  which  demoralip^es ;  Prov. 

kontal.  Kontal'kantil :  pendulous  and  swaying, 
of  short  thick  objects  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  130.  Cf. 
kontang-kanting  which  refers  to  longer  things. 

kontol,  Jav.  Stunipv  and  thick  ;  the  rod  of 
the  penis.  Bnrong  k. :  a  bird  without  a  tail 
or  with  only  a  sttnnpy  tail ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  67. 

kuntum.  A  bud,  a  blossom.  Bimga  nagasari 
dtiwa  kuntum  :  two  buds  of  the  nagasari  flower ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Dada-^'a  ptm  memolai  terbii 
saperti  kuntnni  mclali :  her  breasts  began  to 
swell  like  the  bud  of  the  jasmine;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  87.  Kalau  bnnga  bukan  sa-kuntum :  as 
for  flowers,  there  is  not  one  bud  only  in  the 
world;  there  are  lots  of  good  fish  in  the  sea; 
Prov. 

r^\S    kantan.  A  large  wild  ginger,  nicoiaia  imperialis. 
K,  hutan  :  alpinia  imwlucrata. 

rnj^    kantin.      [Dutch  cantine,]      Canteen. 


KONTAN 


[    538    ] 


KANCHING 


O^     kontan.      [French   conipiant,']     Cash;     ready 
(of  money)  ;  Kam.  Kech.,  11.     Usually  innai, 

iil^lO     kontento.    [Port,  contento,]    Willing  ;  satisfied 
-^  ready  to  accept  or  agree. 

axS     kantu.      Stiffness    in      the     limbs;     cramp; 
inability  to  move  without  effort  and  delay. 

axS     kuntau,      [Chin.    kun4hdu.]     The  fist.    Ber- 
main  k,  :  to  box  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  362. 

,,^   kuntuwan.      [Chin.      kun4dan?\      A    coarse 
Ojf^       fabric  something  like  satin. 

«y     kinja.       Terkinja-kinja :      fidgeting,      restless, 
Cl        unable  to  keep  still.     Lompat  k, :  id.,  Ht.  Sri 
Kama  (Maxw.),  55.     Also  kinchak. 

*^^  kunjit.     See  kunjang. 


.<r  kanjar.     I.      [Fers,  khanjar.]     A  dagger;  Pel. 
^       Abd.,  65. 

11.     Tearing     at     anything;     tugging     and 
running;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

■*^     k§njor.     Erect,  stiff;  also  gcnjor,  q.  v. 

J^  kanjus.     I.     Buwah    kanjus :  the  cashew-nut, 
Lr^       anacardiiim  occidentale ;  dlso  known  as   (Riau) 
gajt^s,  and  (Kedah)  janggus. 

II.     [Eng. :     congee-house.]     A  house     of 
correction  ;  a  lock-up  or  gaol;  v.  kmtji, 

^  kSnjas.     To   snatch   a  thing   forcibly    out  of 
**^'        another  man's  possession. 

ij5^  kanjang.     Berkanjang:   to   exert    oneself,  to 
Q        make  an  effort.     Bertali  kanjang:    (Kedah)  to 
play  the  fool. 

j^  kanjang.     Mmgenjang  :  to  dig. 


kUDJang.     I.     (Borneo.)    A  cat. 

11.  Kunjang'ktmjit :  {RidiU,  Johor.)  Running 
backwards  and  forwards  as  a  broker  engaged 
on  business. 


jc^    kunjing.     A  fish  (unidentified) ;  KL,  v.  d.  W.  ; 

C:         (=  gonjeng?), 

1^^  kunjong.     I.     Mmgunjongi:   to  pay   a  cere- 
Q         monial  visit  to  a  superior ;  see  tmjong. 

II.  Bek^ijong :  (Kedah)  to  rise  to  a  very 
great  height,  of  smoke. 

III.  Mengunjong:  (Riau,  Johor)  to  he 
prostrate  on  the  ground  (used  of  a  big  boy 
only). 

i^  kanjapuri.     A    variant     (Ht.   Mas.    Ed.)    of 
iSjJ^      kackapuri,  q.  v. 

^1^^?    kenjah.     Berkenjah-kenjah :  in  scattered  quan- 
tities (of  fruit  lying  on  the  ground,  etc.). 


^J^    kaBJi.     *'  Congee  ;"  thick  rice  gruel ;  Ht.  Abd., 
166;  Sej.  Mai,,  131. 


r 


kuncha.     1.     (Kedah.)     A  fish-basket. 

II.     A   bale;    a    measure   of    quantity;   v. 
ktmchah. 


rj\^    kenchana.    [Skr.  kanchdna.]    Gold  (in  literary 

"^        language  only).     Anak-anakan  k. :  an  image  of 

gold;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  41 ;  Cr.  Gr.,  79.     Paspa 

k, :  flowered  gold.     Ukir  k. :  graven  in  gold  ; 

Sh.  Bur.  Nuri.,  7. 

^j:^i^    kanchut.     A  w^orn  piece    of  cloth   used  as  a 
*        loin-cloth     (chawat).     Tali  k, :     (Kedah)    the 
fastenings  of  a  seine  net  (pukat). 


kinchat.  Tekinckat-kinchat :  (Kedah)  running 
along  with  short  quick  steps;  cf.  kinchak. 
Also  teginjat-ginjat. 


■^ 


7*  kinch.it.  I.  A  slight  involuntary  issue  of 
foecal  matter  (oraiig  berjalan  kelnwar  sadikit 
tahi  dengan  iiyada  berasa ;  kalau  banyak^  cheret). 

II.     (Kedah.)     Dust  eddies  on  a  windy  day. 

^•Z^     konchet.     I.     A  short  queue  such  as  is  worn 
by  a  Tamil. 

II.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Perversity ;  a  mental 
warp.  Orang  itu  konchet  sa-kali  :  that  man  is 
most  perverse. 

^^p    kSnchar.      Terkenchar-kenchav :      (Singapore) 
^^        making  short  rushes  from  one  place  to  another 
(as  a  child  that  can  only  just  walk) ;  Sh.  Put. 
Ak.,  28.     Cf.  kinchat,  and  kinchak. 


J^    kSnchor.     A  (Batavia)  variant  of  chckor,  q.  v. 

j^    kinchir.     A    peculiar    contrivance    used    in 
^       Chinese  tin-mines  for  raising  water  to  a  higher 
level. 


konchor.  (Riau,  Johor.)  An  animal  resembling 
the  belangkas  (king-crab,  limnliis  molnccanus). 
Also  (Kedah)  keroncho, 

kaxiching.  A  bolt,  a  rivet,  a  buckle ;  buckling 
or  bolting  together. 

Kanchingkan  :  to  bolt,  to  buckle  together,  to 
fasten.  Menganching :  id.;  Sh.  Peng.,  19. 
Menganchingkan :  id.  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  106.  Lalu 
di-kanchingkan  pintu  nunah-nya  uleh  baginda 
'Umdr :  then  the  Caliph  Omar  bolted  the  door 
of  his  house ;  Ht.  Abus.,  24. 

B^rkanching :  having  a  buckle,  bolt  or 
fastening.  B.  mas :  with  a  golden  buckle ; 
Sh.  Bid.,  26. 

Terkanching :  bolted,  fastened  up,  secure. 

Tulang  penganching :  a  bone  near  the  junction 
of  the  upper  and  lower  jaw ;  also  ttilang 
kamkam. 


KfiNCHANG 


[     539    ] 


KUNCHAH 


kSnchang.  L  Stiff,  of  a  breeze;  steady  and 
strong ;  vigorous.  Bnnyi  k, :  a  loud  and  pro- 
longed cry  ;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  31.  Angin  k.  ;a 
stiff  breeze,  a  gale  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  11.  Ribut  k. 
or  tufdri  k.  :  a  violent  hurricane ;  Ht.  Abd.,  126 ; 
Ht.  Koris.  Angin  k,  kelat :  a  wind  that  stiffens 
the  sheet ;  a  strong  and  steady  breeze. 

Kenchang- kenchang   angin   timor, 
Hcndak   belay ar   tanah   saber ang ; 

Minta   do'd  panjang    Uinior 
Hendak  balas  biidi   orang : 

steady  and  strong  may  the  east  wind  blow 
when  we  wish  to  sail  to  the  land  across  the 
Straits. 

In  Penang  the  word  kenchang,  when  applied 
to  a  man,  signifies  that  he  is  'Svarm"inthe 
sense  of  wealthy  and  prosperous.  In  Riau,  it  is 
used  of  a  man  being  "  dressed  up  to  the  eyes." 

XL  (Riau.)  A  small  bag  or  sack  made  of 
mengkuwang  w^ork. 


L^  kencheng.     I.     A    Chinese    drill    for   boring 
Cj        holes.     It  is  worked  with  a  bow. 

II.     (Riau,  Johor.)     A  kettle  of  iron  ;  a  kettle 
of  a  European  type. 


_j^ 


jT 


kSnchihg.  Passing  urine;  Ht.  Abd.,  269; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  K,  karang, 
and  k,  darah  :  kidney  diseases. 

K,  kambing :  a  wild  jasmiuey  jasminum  smila- 
cifolinm. 

K,  pelandok :   a   small   plant,    apostasia  nuda. 

Akar  k,  kerbau  :  i\    woody   climber,  /i6rat/r^a 
chlorolciica. 


i  K^  kenchong.     1.     Kasut    kenchong:    a  type    of 
^^       slipper  with  upturned  toes. 

II.  (Singapore.)     Swindhng,  deceptive ;  = 
kechong  and  kichu. 

III.  Akar  kenchong :  a  large  woody  climber, 
melodornm  manu briatn m . 

•  <^  kinohang.     Kinchang-kinchang,    or    kinchang 
Jj         kerap :  gadding  about,  rushing  about,  busying 
about.   At   Riau   kinchang    is  also  used  con- 
temptuously  of  the   affected    swagger    of    a 
prostitute's  w^alk. 

konchong.     (Riau.)     The   white    cap   which 
^        covers  the  face  of  a  condemned  man  at  an 
execution     by    hanging.       Also    (Singapore) 
kochong. 


if 


uJ' 


kunctlOlIg.     (Singapore.)    The  peculiar  fringe  i 

on  a  certain  species  of  paper  kite  known  as  ; 

the  layang'layang  tokong,  I 

kahch^p.     Flush;    on    an  exact  level; — used  i 

of  water  being  flush  with  the  brim  of  a  glass  | 

or  of  a  tidal  mark  or  stake  being  exactly  level  j 
with  the  surface  of  the  sea. 


kenchup  or  (Kedah)  kinchup.  Coming  to  a 
point;  shaped  like  a  sharp  point;  —  used 
especially  of  the  first  appearance  of  a  flower- 
bud.  Btmga  kembang  herbal ek  kinchup  :  a  fully 
opened  flower  becoming  the  freshest  of  buds ; 
an  old  man  or  woman  affecting  the  playful 
w^ays  of  extreme  vouth  ;  Prov. 

S  kunchup.  Closing  up  or  folding  up,  of  an 
umbrella  or  any  similar  object  which  closes 
on  itself  (but  not  of  things  like  flags  and  sails 
which  are  rolled  up  or  folded  round  some- 
thing else).  Mengunchupkan  payong :  to  close 
an  umbrella  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Kembang 'kunchup  :  opening  and  shutting  (of 
an  umbrella),  Ht.  Koris;  expanding  and  con- 
tracting. 

ij^  kanchapuri.     A   \  ariant   (Ht.    Mas.   Ed.)   of 
^JJ^       kachaptm,  q.  v. 


^ 


kinchak.      Terklnchak-kinchak :    swaying  the 

arms  and  body  when  singing ;  pantomime 
accompanying  singing.  Also  (Kedah)  teginjat- 
ginjat. 

•^^  konchak.     (Riau,  johor.)     The  summit  of  a 

^         heap   of  stones   or   any   similar     object;    cf. 
kemonchak,  ponchak,  etc. 

Distinctions  in  meaning  are  sometimes  drawn 
between  derivatives  of  this  group  of  words, 
e,g,  (Riau)  konchak  is  the  top  of  a  heap  of  an 
artificial  mound,  while  kemonchak  is  the 
summit  of  a  mountain ;  (Kedah)  pochak  is  a 
rounded  summit,  while  kentochak  is  a  peaked 
summit.  These  distinctions  are  not,  however, 
generally  observed. 

<^  kanchil.     The  barking-deer,  ccrvulns  muntjac  ; 

""  Ht.  Abd.,  88.  Shanr  Sang  Kanchil:  ''the 
Poem  of  master  Dwarf-deer,"  a  story  in 
which  the  Dwarf-deer  plays  a  part  very 
similar  to  that  of  the  Fox,  as  the  emblem  of 
cunning.  (T.  pelandok ;  the  name  pelandok 
is  given  to  a  dwarf-deer  for  its  cunning, 
while  kanchil  is  given  it  for  its  size,  v.  kechil. 

Kayii  k  :  a  shrub,  anisophyllea  disticha. 

X^  kmchah.  Cleansing  other  than  washing; 
^^  cleaning  by  rubbing  dirt  off  or  scraping  it  off. 
Bnsok  daging  di-kinchah  di-makan  jnga,  bmok 
ikan  di'bmtHing  :  when  meat  is  bad  we  scrape  off 
(the  bad  parts)  and  eat  (the  rest),  when  fish 
is  bad  we  throw  it  away  altogether ;' when 
our  relatives  offend,  we  whitewash  them; 
when  strangers  offend  we  have  nothing  more 
to  say  to  them  ;  Prov.     Also  (Kedah)  ginchah, 

4^'  konchah.     See  kunchah,  IL 


^ 


^ 


kunchah.  I.  A  measure  for  grain,  =  Jth 
of  a  iqyaw  (KL),  or  (Kedah)  iSogantang;  (Riau, 
Johor)  a  bale,  a  measure  for  straw  or  grass  or 
for  anything  easily  made  up  into  bales  (barang 
yang  bertangkai), 

II.  Disturbed  and  broken,  of  water ; 
choppy,  of  a  sea;  KI.  =  (Riau,  Johor)  konchah; 
{KedBhykelochah, 


KUNCHI 


[    540    ] 


KUNDANG 


#    kunchi.     A  lock ;  (better  anak  kunchi)  a  key  ;  to  ; 

^^         lock  up.  K,  pcti  :  a  lock  sunk  in  a  door  so  that  | 

only  the  key-hole  is  visible.     Memhawa  kunchi  \ 

fnembukakan  pintu  :  to  bring  a  key  to  open  the  \ 

door;  Ht.  Abd.,  117.    Anak  k,:a  key  ;  Cr.  Gr.,  ; 

63;    Ht.     Abd.,    418.   Ktinchikan :   to  lock    (a 

door) ;  Ht.  Abd.,    244,    323,    436 ;    to    fasten   i 

chains  (with   a   padlock),  Ht.    Abd.,  29.  Ber- 

kunchi:  to  be  provided  with  a  lock.   Tempat  \ 

pengunchi :  a  pl^ce  where  keys  are  kept;   Sh.   : 

Abd.  Mk.,  145.  \ 

Siput  k.  :  (Kedah)  a  shell  (unidentified)  found  \ 

in  mangrove  swamps.  I 

Temu  k,:  a  small  cultivated  ginger,  kcempferia  \ 

pandurata,  \ 

JgD      kanda.      1.     Elder  brother  or  elder  sister,  Ht.  I 

Koris ;  a  variant  of  kakanda,  q.  v.  i 

n.     (Riau.)  A  titleor  appellation  given  to  an  , 

officer  whose  duty  it  is,  when   a  raja  is  born,  \ 

to  throw  the  caul  (iembuni)  into  the  sea. 

(J\juJ      k6nda,ti.     Desire,  wish;  Bint.  Tim.,    23   Feb,,   \ 
1895  ;  =  kchendak  haft, 

\\^   kSndara.      [Skr.  kanddra,]  To  be  borne  along 
J  either  mounted  on  a  horse  or  other  animal  or  ; 

else  carried  in  a  litter  or  carriage.  Kendaraan  :  ; 
a  mount ;  a  steed ;  a  vehicle ;  a  carriage.  ! 
Kendaraan  :  is  often   pronounced  ketndcraan. 

Mengendara'i :  to  ride  ;  to  be  borne  in.  | 

kSndala.  [Skr.  kandala.]  Hindrance,  diffi-  \ 
culty,  obstruction,  stumbling-block.  Usually  | 
gendala,  q.  v. 

kfindali.  Jav.  The  bridle  of  a  horse.  1 
Usually  kang  kuda.  I 

kandut.  (Batav.)  To  hide  or  stow  away  in 
the  lap.  Biinga  di-kanduti-nya :  she  put  the 
flower  away  in  her  lap;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


OJCD 


kdndit.     A  narrow  belt  or  girdle, 
and  (Kedah)  gendit. 


Also  kedit, 


kXS     kandar.     Carrying  on  a  pole  (a  burden  being 
-^  hung  from  each  end).     Sa4engah  junjong,  sa- 

tengah  kilek,  sa-tengah  berkandar :  some  carried  \ 
burdens  on  their  heads,  some  under  the  arms,  i 
some  on  carrying-poles;  Ht.  Best. 

j-X6      k6ndor.     Loose,     not     taut,      slack.    Kendor  \ 
berdetingHleting,  tegang  berjela  jela  :  the  loose  is 
twanging,    the   taut   is    hanging    loosely;    a  \ 
proverbial   expression  signifying  that  "black 
is  white  and  white  black ;''  cf.  J.  S,  A.  S.,   II.,   j 
151.     Kopek  k, :  hanging  slackly,  of  the  breasts,   j 
Tiiboh-nya     berkendor- kendor :    id.,     Ht.     Kal. 
Dam.,  274.  i 

J Ju6      kundor.     The  wax  gourd,   benincasa  cerifera ;   \ 
^  Ht.  Koris.     Kundor  tiyada  mclata  pergi,  labu 

tiyada  melata  mart:  if  the  gourd-plant  does 
not  creep  forward,  the  pumpkin  vine  will  not 
creep  to  meet  it ;  advances  must  be  met  half- 
way; Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  150. 


iJjjS  kSndfiri.  [Tamil /^m/W,]  A  *' candareen,"  a 
measure  of  weight  the  equivalent  of  one  saga. 
Also  keneri  and  saga  keneri, 

j^  Ju5     kandas.     Running  aground ;  being  brought  to 
^^  a  stop  by  insufficient  depth  of  water ;  a  hind- 

rance or  obstruction .  A  ku  taknt  akan  kandasan 
banyak  di-jalan  :  I  fear  that  there  will  be  many 
obstructions  in  the  way ;  Ht,  Perb.  Jaya. 

wAu  kandis.  I.  A  tree  with  an  edible  fruit, 
garcinia  nigrolineaia  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  387,  Ht.  Koris. 
/v.  gajah :  an  allied  plant,  garcinia  andersoni. 
1 1 .  Sw^eets  ;  a  type  of  sweetness  {saperti  madu 
dan  kandis,  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  15;  madu  kandis 
laku-nya,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.). 

i  1^  kandang.     An  enclosure ;  a  kraal ;   a  pen  for 
CL  cattle ;  a  fold  for  sheep  ;  a  sty  for    pigs ;  the 

inner  circle,  ring,  or  square,  about  the  bull's  eye 
in  a  target.  K,  kuda :  a  stable,  a  stall  for  a 
horse;  Ht.  Abd.,  56.  K,  babi :  a  sty;  Ht. 
Abd.,  60.  K,  gajah  :  an  elephant  corral, 
V.  Ht.  Abd.,  71,  72. 

Lj^  kandong.     Carrying  in  an  enclosure;  carrying 
C  inside    anything,   e,g,y   in   a   sack   or   in   the 

w^omb.  Kechil  di-kandong  ibu,  besar  di-kandong 
*ddat,  mati  di-kandong  tanah :  when  young  a 
man  is  borne  in  the  womb  of  his  mother,  when 
grown  he  is  borne  in  the  wrappings  of  custom, 
when  dead  he  is  folded  in  earth ;  man  is 
always  the  creature  of  his  environment;  Prov., 
cf.  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  14.  Di-kandong  tanah 
(enfolded  in  earth)  is  a  proverbial  equivalent 
for  death. 
Kandongan :  the  folds  of  anything ;  the 
receptacle  or  container ;  J.   S.  A.  S.,  XXIV., 

lOI. 

Mengandong :  to  bear  inside  one,  to  support, 
to  contain  ;  to  be  pregnant  with.  A  wan  yang 
mengandong  hujan  :  clouds  containing  rain,  Ht. 
Abd.,  392.    Cf.  kendong. 


Lj^^  kSndang. 


A  variant  of  kedang,  q.  v. 


9^ 


kendong.     A  tree  (unidentified). 

kendong.     Carrying  in  a  small  fold  or  wrap- 
L^  ping;  cf.   kandong  which   refers    to  carrying 

on  a  larger  scale.  Thus,  carrying  anything 
in  an  apron  of  which  the  ends  are  held  up 
to  form  a  sort  of  sack  would  be  kandong ;  to 
carry  tucked  away  in  the  folds  of  the  sarong 
above  the  belt  would  be  kendo7ig.  Yang  di- 
kejar  tiyada  dapat,  yang  di-kendong  berchichiran  : 
what  he  chased  he  failed  to  catch,  while  what 
he  carried  got  spilt  by  degrees;  a  proverb 
suggesting  that  it  is  unwise  to  risk  a  certainty 
for  a  chance;  cf.  Pel.  Abd.,  120. 

PjS    kundang.     I.     Control,  command,  authority  ; 

^  the  possession  of  authority  over ;  the  direction 

or  rule  of;  (in  magic)  the  possession  of 
influence  on  the  will  of  another  ;  cf.  undang. 
Kundangan     raja :     the     body-servants     and 


KiiNDAK 


[     541     ] 


kIinal 


;ju^ 


3^ 


personal   attendants  of  a    prince,  Ht.  Kal. 

Dam.,   335.     Budak   kundang :  id.;  Ht.  Raj. 

Don.,  52.  Btidak  kimdangan :  id.;  Ht.  Raj. 
Don.,  62, 

n.  Tali  kundang:  a  wrapper  or  bandage 
used  after  circumcision  to  avoid  injury  by 
friction  against  the  open  wound. 

kSndak.     Illicit  intercourse;  sexual  intrigue; 

a  party  to  an  intrigue;  a  mistress  or  guilty  lover. 
Berkendak  :  to  commit  adultery  or  fornication ; 
to  have  illicit  connection.  Di-katakan  iya  berken- 
dak dengan  sa-orang  dayang-dayang  raja :  they 
said  that  he  had  guilty  relations  with  one  of 
the  prince's  female  attendants;  Sej.  MaL,  150. 
Chandn  dan  berkendak :  opium  smoking  and 
fornication;  Ht.  Abd.,  411. 

kendek.     (Kedah.)   Berkendek-kendek :  with  a 

rolling  or  swaggering  gait.  Berjalan  berkendek- 
kendek  :  to  swagger  along.    Cf.  kedek, 

kendok.     A  grass  (unidentified) ;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
Vni.,'128. 

kandul.     To  gather  up  a  cloth,  curtain  or  net, 
fastening  it  on  the  inside. 

kandan.     Kechubong  kandan  :  a  variety  of  the 
amethyst. 

kfinduri.     Pers.     A  feast  in  honour    of   the 
dead.     Often  pronounced  khandtiri. 

kandi.     (Riau,  Johor.)     A    purse    or    small 
satchel ;  =  ( Kedah )  kekandi. 


(5-X6  kSndi.  I.  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  water-vessel 
made  of  earthenware ;  (Kedah)  a  brazen  vessel 
like  a  kettle.  In  literature :  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Sej.  MaL,  92,  127;  Kam. 
Kech.,  10. 

II.  Nila-kendi :  a  precious  stone  (the 
sapphire?);  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  7.  Ratena 
kendi :  id. ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub, 

III.  A  weapon  (mentioned  in  a  list  of 
weapons  given  in  three  places  in  the  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.) — exact  type  unidentified. 

(_5JuS  kundai.  Tam.  Rambut  anak  kundai :  a 
fringe  of  short  hair  over  the  forehead. 

(C^JuS     kSndiri.     Self,  oneself,  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;=s^;^rfm. 

^..4/0     kunarpa.     [Skr.   kunapa,]     A  dead  body. 

fC/O     kSneri.     A  variant  of  kenderi,  q.  v. 

_j5     kdnas.     Shellfish  preserved  in  salt  with  rice, 
*-^**'"^       sago,  etc.     K.  kerang  and  A.  knpang :  varieties 
of  this  preparation  differing  in  the  character 
of  the  shell-fish  used. 


68 


konsStebal.  Eng.  A  European  police  con- 
stable (in  Singapore  and  Penang);  a  Sikh  police 
constable  (in  Johor). 


konsil.     Eng.     Consul. 

kSnang.  Calling  to  mind;  meditating  on  or 
thinking  over  anything  ;  recollection  ;  love,  in 
the  sense  of  loving  remembrance.  Barang 
yang  hilang  tin  jangan  di-kenang  lagi :  do  not 
recall  that  which  is  lost;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  64. 
Ptiteh  tnlang  di-kandong  tanah,  budi  yang  baik 
di-kenang  juga  :  when  dead  (when  your  bones 
whiten)  you  are  buried  in  earth,  but  a  kindly 
disposition  continues  to  be  remembered; 
Prov. 

Ayer  mata-nya  chuchor  berlenang-lenang 
Pada  putera-nya  juga   di-kenang: 

her  tears  kept  flowing  continuously  as  she 
recalled  old  memories  of  her  son ;  Sh.  Bid., 

28. 

Ami   kapas   menjadi   benang, 
A  sal   benang   menjadi  kain ; 

Sudah   Upas  jangan   di-kenang 
Sudah   menjadi   orang   lain : 

what  was  once  cotton  is  made  into  thread,  and 
from  thread  it  is  transformed  into  cloth;  if 
your  love  has  left  you  do  not  regret  her,  she 
is  transformed  into  a  person  (other  than  the 
one  you  loved)  ;  Prov. 

Kenangan  :  loving  recollection  ;  Ht.  Abd., 
449,476.  Pengenangan  :  id.;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 
Perkenangan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Abus.,  23. 

Kenangkan :  to  remember  lovingly  or  regret- 
fully. Mingenangkan :  id.  Terkenangkan :  id. 
Mengenang-ngenang  :  id.  (frequentative),  Maka 
Sultan  Mansur  Shah  pun  mengenang-ngenang 
Laksamana :  Sultan  Mansur  Shah  kept 
regretting  the  Laksamana;  Sej.  Mai.,  159. 
Mengenangkan  untong :  to  ponder  over  one's 
fortunes;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  29.  Terkenangkan 
binar-lah  umpamaan  melayu :  recalling  the  truth 
of  the  Malay  proverb;  Ht,  Abd.,  115. 

kSning.  The  brows ;  the  portion  of  the  fore- 
head immediately  above  the  eyes.  Bulu  k» : 
the  hair  of  the  eyebrows.  Pelipisan  k. :  the 
temples,  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Angkat  k. :  (i) 
the  raising  of  the  eyebrows  as  a  signal ;  (2)  a 
period  of  the  morning  when  it  is  possible  to 
look  straight  ahead  towards  the  East.  Belum 
terangkat  k, :  **  before  the  eyebrows  can  be 
fully  raised,"  i.e.,  when  the  morning  sun  is 
still  so  low  on  the  horizon  that  one  cannot 
face  the  East  without  turning  one's  eyes 
towards  the  ground. 

*;5     kfinong.     A  small  copper  gong  forming  part 
CT       of  the  gamelan. 


tf 


y 


kSnal.  Recognition,  acquaintance ;  knowledge 
by  recognition,  Orang  melayu  pun  pandai 
kenal  inggeris  daripada  bangsa  Iain-lain:  the 
Malays  are  quick  at  distinguishing  an  English- 
man from  a  man  of  another  race ;  Ht.  Abd., 
148. 


K&NAN 


[    542    ] 


KUWASA 


c^ 


Kenalan :  acquaintance.  KeMnalan :  id. 
Kenal'kenalan :  acquaintances.  Tiyada  ber- 
kenalan  kawan  dengan  lawan :  friends  were  not 
to  be  known  from  foes;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
Menjadi  berkenal-kenalan-lah  hapa-ku  itu  dengan 
segala  raja-raja  negeri-negeri  yang  Ursebut  itu  : 
an  acquaintance  sprang  up  between  my  father 
and  all  the  princes  of  the  above-mentioned 
states  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  11.  Bertemu  kenal-kenalan  : 
to  meet  one's  acquaintances;  Sh.  Ch.  Ber.,  3. 

Kenali:  to  recognize,  Ht.  Gul.  Bale.,  45,  102. 
Mengenali :  id.  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  MBngenal : 
id.  Mmgcnalkan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  277.  Jauhari 
juga  yang  mengenal  manikam  :  it  is  the  jeweller 
who  knows  a  gem;  Ht.  Abd.,  4. 

k€nan.  Berkenan  :  to  have  a  liking  for  any- 
thing; to  find  anything  to  one's  liking. 
Perkmankan;  id.,  Ht.  Abd.,  274,  438;  Ht. 
Ind.  Jaya.  Memperkenankan :  id.;  Muj.,  2. 
Segala  iuwan-tuwan  orang  puteh  semuwa-nya 
berkenan-lah  akan  kehendak  tuwan  R,  itu:  all  the 
English  gentlemen  approved  of  the  wishes  of 
Sir  Stamford  Raffles;  Ht.  Abd.,  264. 

Kenan  is  also  used  of  the  effects  of  antenatal 
suggestions  and  influences  upon  the  appearance 
of  a  child. 

kSnantail.  Ayam  kenantan:  a  white  fowl, 
especially  a  white  fighting-cock. 

kSnShang.  A  very  foul -smelling  ulcer  attack- 
ing the  nose ;  a  sort  of  polypus. 

kantsah.  Arab.  A  place  of  worship  used  by 
Jews  or  Christians  (kifdbt  worshippers) ;  a 
church  or  synagogue. 

i  -5     kSnnya.     [Skr.   kanya?]     A  maiden.  Cf.   ken. 

^„^'^    kSnnyat.     Kennyat-kennyut :  nervous  or  quiver- 

^  ing  movement;  throbbing;   the  sucking  of  a 

child   at  the   breast;   the   movement  of  the 

fontanel ;  the  sucking  movements  of  a  toothless 

old  man  when  consuming  his  food. 

kSnnyit.     Slight  jerky  movement  of  the  lips 
*  or  eyelids ;  cf.  k^nnyat. 

c^>6     kSnnyut.     See  khmyat. 

^^  kgnnyir.     To  lust  after ;  =  ingin. 

juS    kfinnyang.     Sated ;     satisfied     with     food ; 

V-?  repletion.     Jong  p^chah  yu    yang   kdnnyang : 

when  a  junk  is  wrecked  the  sharks  have  their 
fill ;  it  is  an  ill  wind  that  blows  nobody  any 
good;  Prov.,  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  5.  Anjing  di- 
beri  makan  nasi  bila  akan  kennyang :  will  a  dog 
be  ever  satisfied  however  much  rice  you  may 
give  him ;  kindness  is  wasted  on  coarse-minded 
people;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A,  S.,  L,  91.  Orang  yang 
kennyang  kalau  di-jamUy  lauk  yang  sMap  di-kata 
tawar :  feed  a  full  man  and  he  will  pronounce 
your  best  dishes  tasteless ;  Prov. 


\  *i.i-ti^iO 


._^.13 


uX6 


kSnnyap.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  a  man 
eating.  Riyoh-rendah  biinyi  kennyap-nya :  the 
sound  of  the  men  falling  to  was  quite  an 
uproar ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Kennyap-kennyop : 
id.  These  words  are  pronounced  kennyp^dp- 
kennyi^op. 

kSnnyop.     See  kennyap. 

Ijj     kSnnyak.      Kenny ok-kennyak  :   spoilt,    ruined. 
Also  kennyok'kennyek. 

rji     kSnnyek.     See  kennyak. 

-  ;<;     kSnnyok.     See  kennyak. 


J/ 


/ 


dj 


^f 


U" 


\f 


kSnnyal.  Elastic  or  pliable  to  the  touch, — 
of  flesh,  or  as  a  ball  or  inflammation. 

kgnnyam.  To  taste  anything,  to  touch  the 
lips  with  anything  by  way  of  testing  flavour. 

kau.     L     You,  thou  ;  =  engkau,  q.  v. 

II.  [Chin.  kdu :  nine.]  Main  kau :  a 
Chinese  game  also  known  as  pakau  (Chin. 
phah'kdu), 

ko.  (Kedah.)  An  equivalent  oftengku  (prince) 
when  not  given  in  conjunction  with  the  full 
name  but  only  as  an  exclamation  of  respect 
or  assent. 

ku.  I ;  a  pronoun  of  the  first  person ;  = 
akuy  q.  v. 

kuwa.     [  Chin.    ?  ]     A  card-game. 
kuwatir.     Better  (Arab.)  j:\^  ,  q.  v. 
kuwarik.     A  golden  ornament  worn  by  Bugis. 

kuwaran.  A  species  of  pigeon  ;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XL,  74. 

kuwasa.  L  [Skr.  washa;  Kawi  kawaska,] 
Power,  strength,  might;  (by  extension)  an 
agent,  an  attorney.  K,  ubat  bedil :  the 
strength  of  gunpowder.  Aku  jadikan  kuwasa- 
ku  tuwan  T.  :  I  appointed  Mr.  T.  my  attorney ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  300.  Surat  k. :  a  power  of 
attorney ;  (in  the  Straits)  letters  of  adminis- 
tration, 

Berkuwasa :  powerful,  possessed  of  strength. 
Mana  lebeh  berkuwasa  ubat  itu-kah  atau  rupiyah 
ini'kah  :  which  is  the  mightier,  that  magic  or 
this  rupee;  Ht.  Abd.,  73. 

Penguwasa  :  power;  Cr.  Gr.,  41. 

Perkuwasa  :  mighty,  heroic ;  an  equivalent 
(by  erroneous  etymology)  of  pirkasa,  q.  v. ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  13. 

IL  [Skr.  angkusa.]  The  ankus  or  goad 
used  by  a  mahout.     Better  kusa. 


KUWALA 


[    543     ] 


KOTONG 


^\y  kuwala.  The  mouth  or  estuary  of  a  river; 
the  point  of  junction  of  a  tributary  stream 
and  a  river. 

^\,\S    kuwali.     A  saucepan  or  cooking-pot,  whether 
*  -^       of  earthenware  or  iron. 

4j  y  kuwayah.  A  kar  kuwayah  :  a  lofty  climber, 
millettia  ertantha, 

^J^     koba.     Main  koba  :  a  Malay  game. 

C^^S     kubit.     Sa-hibit :     a    pinch,     a    very    small 
quantity;  ==  sa-chtibiL 

j,S  kobar.  Mtdut  kobar-kobir :  scandal-monger- 
ing,  evil  speaking. 

j,S    kobir.     See  kobar. 

j,S    kubor.     A  tomb ;  better  (Arab.)  ^,  q.  v. 

,  ^S    kobis      or     kubis.      Eng.      Cabbage;     Ht. 
^^^        Abd.,  177. 

joS    kobang.     (Kedah.)     A  coin  of  the   value  of 
^  2J  cents.     Also   gobang.     Possibly  a   variant 

of  ktipang. 

L^S     kubang.     A  wallow ;    the  act  of  wallowing  in 
Qr         mud.     Berkubang  :  to  wallow.     Saperti  kerbati 
berkubang     di-dalam    darah :     like   a   buffalo 
wallowing  in  blood ;    Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

K.  nadi  :  the  hollow  at  the  base  of  the  throat 
just  above  the  sternum. 

itjjp     kubong.     The  flying  lemur,  pteromys  oral. 

liS  kobak.  I.  Peeling,  unhusking ;  =  ktipas, 
Kobakkan  :  to  peel ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mahaw. 

II,  (Riau.)     A  scaly  eruption  on  the  face. 

III.  Kobak-ketam  :  a  large  triangular  rent 
in  cloth. 

-,X^  kobok.  A  party,  a  group,  an  assembly. 
Dudok  berkobok'kobok  :  to  sit  in  groups. 

\S    kubal.     L    Ikan  kubal:    a  fish   like   a   large 
*^  senangin;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  18. 

II.  A  section  in  a  log,  the  division  between 
these  sections  being  marked  by  notches. 
These  sections  are  marked  when  the  tree  has 
been  stripped  of  its  branches  but  before  it  has 
been  planed. 

jJjp  kubu.  A  stockade ;  a  rough  defence  of  earth 
and  wood;  Ht.  Abd.,  58,  400,  470.  Maka 
baginda  pun  menitahkan  sakaliyan  orang  btrku- 
bukan  betis  :  the  prince  ordered  them  all  to 
make  a  fence  of  their  shins ;  Sej.  Mai.,  83. 


^/ 


-/ 


kobah.     Pers.     A  kettle-drum. 

kota.  [  Skr.  ktcta.  ]  A  fort ;  a  permanent 
fortress  in  contradistinction  to  hastily  con- 
structed stockades  or  entrenchments.  Sudah 
di'kata  itti-lah  kota :  let  what  is  once  said  be 
(reliable  as)  a  fort ;  let  promise  be  as  good  as 
performance;  Prov.,  cf.  Ht.  Abd.,  271. 

K.  mara :  the  permanent  bulwark  protecting 
the  gunners  in  a  ship's  battery,  in  contradis- 
tinction to  the  moveable  gunshields  {apilan) 
only  affixed  during  an  engagement;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg. 

Kota'i :  to  fortify;  Ht.  Hg,  Tuw.,  77.  Berko- 
takan :  to  build  a  fortress  of  (anything) ;  Sej. 
Mai.,  83. 

In  the  Hikayat  Sang  Samba  kota  is  used  with 
the  meaning  *'  funeral  pyre  "  in  describing  the 
obsequies  of  Samba. 

kuwat.     [  Arab.    Sy.  ]     Strength    (especially 

physical  strength).  Kuwati :  to  exert  strength ; 
to  force  or  take  by  force.  Maka  bebirapa  di- 
kuwati-nya  dan  di-hela-nya  ekor  kera  itu  Mndak 
tnelepaskan  tiyada  juga  dapat :  however  much 
he  exerted  himself  and  tugged  to  get  himself 
loose  from  the  monkey's  tail  he  could  not 
manage  it;  Ht,  Sg.  Samb.  Herta  orange 
hendak  di- kuwati:  to  take  by  force  the  property, 
of  others;  Sh.  Jur,  Bud.,  37. 

Menguwatkan  and perkuwatkan :  to  strengthen, 
to  intensify;  Muj.,  21,  50;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
103.     Penguwat:  a  strengthener ;  Muj.,  72. 

kuwit.  A  movement  with  the  tip  of  the 
finger;  to  playfully  tap  anything  (using the 
cushion  of  the  forefinger  and  not  the  back  of 
the  finger-nail) ;  cf.  chuwit  and  gamit,  Kuwang- 
kuwit:  (i)  to  move  a  finger  backwards  and 
forwards  on  its  joint ;  (2)  the  name  given  to 
a  peculiar  bird  which  is  said  to  accompany 
the  tiger  and  to  warn  him  against  foes. 
Hendak  berchakap  chakap4ah  mulut,  tangan 
jangan  dt-kuwit-gamit :  if  you  wish  to  speak 
speak  out  with  your  mouth,  do  not  go  making 
signs  with  your  fingers. 


i^y     kutib.     See  kutip. 


kotor.     Foul,  dirty ;  filth ;  the  menstrual  flow. 

Mangkok    itu    terlalu    kotor:    the     cup     was 
extremely  dirty ;  Ht.  Abd.,  310. 

Kekotoran :  filth,  foulness ;  Pel.  Abd.,  77. 


crt 


^/ 


kotis.  Plucking  a  small  quantity  at  a  time ; 
taking  a  pinch  (of  fish,  etc.).  Sa-kotis :  a 
pinch. 

koteng.  Parang  koteng :  (Riau)  a  chopper 
(parang)  without  a  handle.  Terkoteng- koteng : 
by  oneself,  alone,  in  solitude. 

kotong.  Baju  kotong  :  a  short  coat  (baju)  with 
short  sleeves  or  with  no  sleeves.  ChBlana  kotong 
or  (Riau)  seluwar  kotong :  short  loose  trousers. 


KUTANG 


t    544    ] 


KUJUT 


£/ 


■4 


Baju  kotong  chelana  pendek 
Masok   kampong  churi  bebek  : 

short  coat  and  short  trousers  enters  the  village 
to  steal  the  ducks ;  —  a  popular  rhyme 
ridiculing  these  garments  as  those  usually 
worn  by  sneak-thieves. 

kutang.     A  tight  bodice  worn  next  the  skin 
(by  women  only) ;  =  choli, 

kutip.  Picking  up ;  picking  something  lying 
below  you  ;  cf.  pungid,  which  is  used  of  a  man 
picking  fruit  from  a  tree  or  otherwise  picking 
objects  placed  above  him.  Also  (Penang) 
ktitib.  Tanah  ptitehf  bench  hitam  ;  tabor  dingan 
tangan,  kutib  dingan  mtihit :  black  seed  on  white 
soil,  —  sowed  with  the  hand  and  gathered 
with  the  mouth,  —  a  riddle  describing  a  letter 
(epistle).  K.  telor :  (Penang  slang)  to  live  on 
the  proceeds  of  a  daughter's  prostitution. 
Mengutip  :  to  pick  up;  Sh.  Bid.,  107. 

^S  kotak.  A  chest,  a  locker.  Sampan  k.:  a 
peculiar  Chinese  shoe-boat  with  lockers  in  the 
stern ;  this  boat  is  very  common  at  Singapore. 
K,  sorong-sorong  :  a  drawer.  J\ .  pcngimbar  : 
(Riau)  a  sort  of  punt  used  in  working  fishing- 
stakes  {kelong,)  K,  sireh  :  a  locker  of  a  peculiar 
shape. 

jjjy  kotek.  I.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Tail,  caudal  projec- 
tion. Terkotek'kotek:  wagging,  as  a  dog's 
tail ;  =  (Kedah)  tegodek-godek.  Bintang  ber- 
kotek :  a  comet ;  =   bintang  berekor, 

Kotek  is  also  used  as  a  euphemism  for  the 
penis  of  a  small  boy. 

11.  B er kotek :  (Singapore)  to  cackle,  of  a 
hen  that  has  just  laid  an  egg. 

ftj^  kotok.  SUiiwar  kotok  :  short  loose  trousers ; 
more  commonly  seluwar  kotong :  v.  kotong, 

rjK^  klltok.  A  curse ;  accursed.  Di-kerat-nya  kepala 
belanda  kutok :  they  cut  off  the  heads  of  the 
cursed  Dutchmen ;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  12.  PBrem- 
pnwan  yahudi  kutok  chelaka  itu :  that  accursed 
and  ill-omened  Jew  woman;  Ht.  Abus.,  12, 
Muka-nya  kutok :  his  accursed  face :  Sh.  Sg. 
Kanch.,  3.  Kutok4ah  atas-mu :  may  a  curse  rest 
upon  you;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz.  Sa-ribn  k.:  a 
thousand  curses;  Ht.  Sri  Rama. 

Di'kutok  Allah  matt   terdiri, 
Gajah   kutok  gajah  chelaka: 

may  God  curse  him  with  a  standing  {i.e.  violent) 
death,  this  cursed  elephant,  this  ill-omened 
elephant;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  30. 

Si'kutok :  a  damned  wretch  or  scoundrel ; 
accursed ;  Sh.  Sri.  Ben.,  82  ;  Sh,  Peng,,  g. 
Si'kutok  luntok  :  a  perverse  old  scoundrel ;  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub.    Tuwa  k:  id.  Ht.  Best. 

Kutoki :  to  curse ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. ;  Ht.  Md. 
Hanaf.,  59 ;  Sh.  Ibl.,  4.  Mengutoki :  id.;  Ht. 
Koris;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  33. 


j=/ 


kotil  or    kutil.    L     A   wart,   a  flesh   protu- 
berance. 

n.  To  break  off,  pick  off,  or  bite  off  small 
pieces  of  anything.  Sa-kotil :  a  very  small 
piece.     Cf.  kotis. 

rS     kutum.     (Kedah.)    A  bud;   =    (Riau,  Johor) 
» "^        kuntum,  q.  v. 

Jy  kutu.  I.  A  louse;  an  insect  parasite;  (by 
metaphor)  a  parasite  generally,  a  man  who 
lives  on  another.  Di-mana  kutu  mahu  makan 
kalau  tidak  di-kepala:  where  is  a  louse  to  feed 
if  not  on  the  heads  of  others ;  how  is  a  prince's 
parasite  to  live  except  by  plundering  others 
in  his  master's  service ;  Prov.  Kutu  berperang 
dengan  gerda :  the  louse  is  warring  on  the 
eagle ;  a  proverb  ridiculing  vain  boasting. 

K.  anjing:  a  flea;  (sometimes)  a  tick. 

K.  babi :  a  bug. 

K.  bidok  :  the  insects  in  the  timbers  of  an 
ill-kept  boat. 

K.  pajak  :  a  vagrant,  a  loafer. 

Tindas  k. :  to  kill  lice  by  breaking  them  on 
the  thumb-nail. 

II.  Tarn.  An  association,  especially  a 
peculiar  kind  of  club  for  saving  money,  each 
member  paying  instalments  to  a  joint  fund. 
Sa-kutu :  association,  combination.  Menya- 
kutu:  to  associate,  to  combine,  to  multiply; 
e,g.,  menyakutu  Tuhan :  to  represent  God  as 
an  association,  i.e,^  as  multiple;  Sh.  Ibl.,  11. 

-<^  kotah.     (Riau,    Johor.)     Sa-kotah:     all,    the 
-^       whole ;  =  sakaliyan. 

/Is     kotai  or  kutai.     I.     Pinang    kotai :  old  dried 
--^       betel  nut ;  v.  pinang. 

II.  Hanging  by  a  thread ;  not  quite  severed. 

III.  The  name  of  a  state  in  Borneo, 

t  ^  kuti.     Kuti'hiti :    petty    annoyance,  nagging, 
W^       tormenting  by  little  things. 


a    ^  kauth.     Arab.     Shoes.     Often  written  kaus. 
yy       Paradise 


A  <^  kauthar.     Arab.     The    name    of  a   river    of 

'y 


'tS     koja.     I.     [Arab.  Jy  ?]    A  water  vessel  with 

handles   and   a   narrow  neck  but   without   a 
spout;  Ht.  Abd.,  416.     Also  (Penang)   kujau. 

II.     [Pers.    ^\^]     A   name   given    to  the 

descendants   of   Indian    traders  by  Javanese 
women.    Also  kojah. 

^S  kujut.  Strangling;  killing  with  a  noose  or 
bowstring ;  garrotting ;  Ht.  Abd.,  61 ;  Ht. 
Koris.  The  word  is  especially  used  of  the 
strangling  of  adulterous  women. 


KOJOR 


[     545     ] 


KUDIS 


A>0 


kojor  or  (Kedah)  kujor.  I.  A  spear  with 
a  broad  blade  and  long  handle. 

11.     The  young  king-crab. 

kiyong.  (Kedah.)  A  conical  cap;  =  (Riau) 
kochoftg. 

kujau.  (Penang.)  A  jug  or  water- vessel ;  an 
ewer;  =  koja,  L,  q.v. 

kojah.     See  koja,  II. 

kojoh.  The  flooding  oi  the  padi-fi^ldiS.  Usu- 
ally bah, 

kuchut.  (Singapore.)  Shrinking  with  fear. 
Cf.  kepit,  of  which  it  is  probably  only  a  variant. 

kochar.  Kochar-kachir :  higgledy-piggledy ; 
in  utter  confusion ;  at  sixes  and  sevens. 

kuchir.  A  short  queue  such  as  that  worn  by 
a  Tamil.     Also  konchet. 

kuching.  I.  A  cat.  Ikan  gantong  kuching 
tunggu :  the  fish  is  suspended  and  the  cat  is 
watching ; —  a  proverbial  description  of  eager 
but  not  very  hopeful  longing.  Kuching  bertan- 
dok :  *'when  cats  have  horns;*' the  Greek 
Calends ;  Prov.  Saperti  anjing  dengan  kuching : 
like  dog  and  cat ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  97.  Tahi 
kuching :  a  slang  expression  equivalent  to  our 
"Walker."  Saperti  kuching  :  like  a  cat,  i.e,^ 
a  tom-cat;  a  proverbial  simile  for  a  lustful 
old  man.  Kuching  melotnpat :  an  idiom  signi- 
fying a  sudden  start  from  sleep ;  awaking  with 
a  start.  Dudok  saperti  kuching  melompat  saperti 
harimau  :  to  sit  like  a  cat  and  leap  like  a  tiger ; 
a  proverbial  description  for  a  quiet  but  brave 
man. 

K.  belanda :  a  rabbit ;  a  hare ;  Ht.  Haiw. 

K,  hutan  :  a  wild  cat. 

K,  kuching :  the  triceps  muscle. 

K.  negeri :  the  domestic  cat. 

K,  pekak  :  a  Chinese  rat-trap. 

K.  tapai :  the  rabbit ;  also  k.  belanda. 

Ekor  k :  a  small  plant  with  close  spikes  of 
flowers  suggesting  a  cat's  tail ;  uraria  crinita. 
Rumput  ekor  k :  perotis  latifolia, 

Mata  k, :  a  well-known  fruit  tree,  nephelium 

malaiense.  Damar     mata  k, :    the    cat's-eye 

dammar;  hopea     globosa,    or    pachynocarpus 
wallichii, 

II.     A  variant  of  kochi,  q.  v. 


5t>-^     kochong.     L     The  cap  put 
^  the  condemned  man  at  an  ex 


over  the  head  of 
execution  by  hang- 
ing.    Also  konchong. 

II.     Hantu  kochong :  a  name  sometimes  given 
to  the  hantu  bungkus ;  v.  btingkus, 

i^^  kuchup.     A  smacking  kiss  with  the  lips;  cf. 
tJ^       kichup. 


yry 


kochak.     Shaking  up  or  stirring  up  water  so 

as  to  disturb  the  sediment ;  disturbance,  unruly 
behaviour.  Berkochak:  to  be  disturbed,  as 
water  in  a  tub ;  to  roll  in  waves  from  side  to 
side;  Ht.  Abd.,  115.  Lobok  berasal  jangan 
di' kochak,  penunggu-nya  sudah  m^njadi  datok  : 
do  not  disturb  the  water  in  a  hollow  of 
primeval  age;  its  tutelary  spirit  will  have 
become  a  mighty  power. 


(J>^     kochek.     A  pocket  in  a  garment;  Sh. 
Mk.,  92 ;  Ht.  Gh. 


Abd. 


>/ 


kuchil.  To  slip  out  of  position,  as  a  mast 
slipping  out  of  a  shallow  and  badly  fitting 
truck. 


4p- 


-y  kochah.  Kochah-kacheh :  to  ** fiddle  about" 
with  things ;  to  turn  them  over  and  over  under 
the  plea  of  examining  them. 


t/ 


kochoh.     Haste,  hurry ;  =:gopoh. 


\     kuchai.     I.     [Chin,  ko-chhai?]     A  vegetable, 


*^^-^        allium  uliginosum,   or  allium  porrum;    Kam. 
Kech.,  g.     Also  bawang  k, 

II.  To  disturb,  to  confuse,  to  annoy,  to 
upset;  =  kachau,  q.  v. 

i^Ty     kochi.     I.     Cochin     China.     Also     kuching. 
*  '  Ayam  k. :  a  Cochin  China  fowl. 

11.  A  water-jug,  Kam.  Kech.,  10.  See 
ktijau  and  koja. 

^S  kuda.  A  horse  ;  the  knight  in  chess ;  a  title 
in  old  Java.  Kuda  itu  telah  jinak :  that 
horse  has  been  broken  in;  Ht.  Hamz.,  23. 
Kereta  kuda:  a  vehicle  drawn  by  ahorse; 
a  carriage.  Mengendarat  k, :  to  ride  a  horse, 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  120;  also,  in  more  colloquial 
language,  tonggang  A.,  or  even  naik  k.  (Ht. 
Ind.  Jaya;  Ht.  Abd.,  78.) 

X.  api :  a  Chinese  lantern  fantastically 
shaped ;  Ht.  Abd.,  362. 

K.  beraksa :  a  magical  steed  ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat. ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

K.  kuda :  a  bench  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

K.  tezi,  or  k,  techi :  a  winged  horse,  a 
pegasus;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.,  Ht.  Koris. 

Gembala  k, :  a  groom,  a  **syce;"  Ht.  Abd., 
408. 

Kandang  k. :  a  stall ;  Ht.  Abd.,  56. 

Naik  atas  k,  hijau :  *'to  ride  the  green 
horse;  "  to  be  intoxicated  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  82. 

Birkuda :  to  be  mounted  on  horseback ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb. 

Kuda,  as  a  title,  occurs  :  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.,  Ht. 
Mas.  Ed. 

w^^  kudis.     Scurf;     skin   disease  causing  scurf; 
*^  ^       Muj.,  27  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  209  ;  Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  10. 


KUDONQ 


[    546    ] 


KORENG 


PJy     kudOBg.     Stumpy,    maimed,   cut  short.     Si- 
^  kudong  dapat  chinchm :   a  maimed  man  who 

has  found  a  ring  ;  Prov.,  v.  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III., 
23.  Saperti  Upas  k,  :  like  the  tailless  cock- 
roach ;  a  simile  for  extreme  rapidity  of  mo- 
tion ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  96.  Biyawak  kudong 
masok  kampong  :  a  stumpy  monitor  entering  a 
village ;  a  man  fallen  among  enemies  ;  Prov. 
Naga  itti  ekor-nya  kudong  htijong-nya :  the 
dragon  had  a  tail  the  end  of  w^hich  was 
missing;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  Di-suroh-nya 
kiidongkan  tangan-nya  dan  dtiwa  kaki-nya  itu  : 
he  ordered  the  man's  hands  and  both  his  feet 
to  be  cut  off;  Ht.  Gh. 

Perahu  k, :  a  vessel  with  a  square  stern  ;  Ht. 
Raj.  Don.,  8.  Sampan  k. :  a  boat  with  a 
broad  stern  and  narrow  bows. 


,  ^kudap.     A    **  snack;"      light     refreshments 
-^        between  meals.     Usually  alas  perut. 


i^S  kodok.  I.  (Singapore  and  Java.)  A  toad,  a 
frog ;  =katak.  Terttnggong  saperti  kodok  dalam 
lobang :  squatting  like  a  frog  in  a  hole ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb.  Laksana  kodok  dapat  bungasa-kuntum: 
like  a  toad  that  has  got  hold  of  a  flower  ;  an 
ugly  person  proudly  wearing  jewellery  which 
only  enhances  his  ugliness;  Prov.  Laksana 
kodok  di-timpa  kemarau :  like  a  frog  in  a 
drought;  a  simile  for  a  clamorous  person; 
Prov. 

n.     Chuchor  kodok :  a  cake   made   of  flour, 
banana  and  sugar. 


^^S^  kudok.     The  back  of  the  neck 

kudal,      (Kedah.)       Dirty    in 
caked  with  dirt  ;=(Riau,  Johor)  sempudaL 


\^^    kudal«      (Kedah.)       Dirty    in    the    extreme; 


kudil.    (Penang.)    Scurf;  a  variant  of  kudisj  q.v. 


J-/ 

w<^  kudu,    i 
^""^        II.    (Si 


A  folded  bud. 

(Singapore.)    A  Kling    idol ;   Sh.  Jub. 
Mai.,  7;  =  (Penang)  tabut,  q.  v. 

<^^  kudai.    A    pouch    used   for  tobacco,   or  for 
^  y       keeping  a  fishing  line,  or  for  any  similar  pur- 
pose; Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 

i<:^$    kodiorkudi.     L    A  score;    twenty*     Dewa 
-    y       zanggi  yang  tiga  puloh  kadi :  thirty   score  of 
black  genii ;  Ht.  Sri.  Rama. 

BBrkodi  :  in  scores  ;  Sh.  Nas.,   18  ;    Sh.  Sg. 
Ranch.,  52.  Birkodi-kodi :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  406. 

jV^^y    kodiyau  or kudiyan.    Eng.    An  accordion ; 
"^       a  concertina. 


jy  kora  or  kura.  I.  Kura-kura :  a  tortoise, 
cyclemys  ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  69  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 
Kura-kura  hendak  memanjat  pokok  kayu :  the 
tortoise  wants  to  climb  trees  ;  a  proverbial 
expression  ridiculing  absurd  aspirations. 
Pijat'pijat  pun  telah  menjadi  knra-kura  :  the 
bugs  have  become  tortoises  ;  the  mean  have 
become  great ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd,,  4.  Sisek  kura- 
kura  :  tortoise-shell.     Also  kekora  or  kekura, 

n.  Demam  kura :  remittent  fever.  Penya- 
kit  k. :  disease  of  the  spleen  ;  Muj.,  51.  Berke- 
kura  :  to  suffer  from  this  disease  ;  Muj.,  83. 

HI.     (Kedah.)    An  old  type  of  fighting-ship. 

^S  kuwar.  Swinging  a  long  stick  horizontally 
in  front  of  oneself,  e,g.,  as  a  man  does  who 
wishes  to  keep  a  dog  off,  or  as  is  sometimes 
done,  less  violently,  by  a  man  feeling  his  way 
in  the  dark,  to  make  sure  there  is  no  obstacle 
in  front  of  him.  Di-hulorkan  kayu  di-kuwar- 
kuwarkan-nya  :  he  stretched  out  his  stick  and 
waved  it  horizontally  in  front  of  him  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  323.     Cf,  kuwak. 


^  koret.     (Singapore.)     Dregs  or  sediment. 


UVy       24  pages 


<^  koris.     A  scratch,  a  line;  =  goris,  q.  v. 

^  kuras.      [Arab,    kurrdsat.]     A   folio   of  about 

>y 


/kurus.  Thin,  attenuated ;  leanness.  Kurus 
kering :  "thin  and  dry ;''  thin  and  bony.  Kurus 
kering  sakit  merana  :  attenuated  to  skin  and 
bone  under  a  wasting  disease ;  Ht.  Abd.,  179. 

Kurus  kering  saperti  bayang^ 
Siapa  pun   tidak    menaroh  sayang  : 

thin  and  wasted  to  a  shadow,  no  one  can  ever 

feel  love  for  her  ;  Prov. 
Kekurusan  :  thinness ;  attenuation  ;  Hd.  Ind. 

Jaya. 


bf 


korang.  Reduction,  lessening ;  less  ;  wanting 
in  ;  (by  extension)  a  negative  adverb.  K,  baik : 
bad  ;  wanting  in  goodness.  K.  hati  :  spiritless. 
Lebeh  k, :  more  or  less.  Korang-korang :  the 
less ;  the  fewer.  Korang-korang  bubor,  sudu 
yang  lebeh  :  the  less  broth,  the  more  spoons  ; 
Prov. 

Kekorangan :  a  reduction  ;  a  want  of ;  an 
absence  of,  K.  wang  :  a  lack  of  money  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  327.  Telah  mBngetahuwiakan  kekorangan- 
nya :  he  learnt  his  deficiencies ;  Ht.  Abd.,  486. 
BerkBkorangan :  to  be  deficient ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  42. 

Korangkan :  To  reduce ;  Ht.  Abd.,  185. 
M^ngorangkan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  183,  186. 


PjS     koreng.   Koreng-koreng :  a  scurfy  skin  disease  ; 
^^        =  kudis.    K.  moreng :   covered  with    patches 
and  stripes  of  disease  or  dirt ;  cf.  choreng. 


KURONG 


[    547    ] 


KUSI 


b/ 


\:>x 


>f 


hf 


Ol 


kxirong.  Enclosing,  shutting  off;  a  private 
apartment  or  enclosure;  a  room  ;  a  cabin  ;  to 
confine  in  a  room;  to  shut  up  at  home. 
Kena  k, :  to  be  locked  up,  to  be  imprisoned 
for  debt ;  Ht.  Abd.,  429. 

Di'dalam  kurong  di-halau  puteri, 
Dttdok  di'haluwan  sa-orang  dirt: 

he  sent  off  the  princess  to  her  cabin  and 
remained  alone  on  the  bows  (of  the  ship) ;  Sh. 
Put.  Ak.,  21. 

K,  bajau  :  a  sort  of  quarter-deck  or  enclosed 
space  over  a  cabin. 

K,  laut,  k,  tengahy  k.  kelingking :  the  names  of 
the  enclosures  in  a  large  sea  fish-trap  (kelong), 

Bajti  k.  :  the  ordinary  loose  coat  (baju)  worn 
by  Malays. 

Kiirongan  :  a  cage  or  enclosure;  Ht.  Abd., 
252  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  44. 

Berkurong :  to  be  confined  to  one's  room  or 
to  a  cage ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  18.  Berkurongan  : 
id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  83. 

Terkurong :  shut  up,  confined. 

Sa-ekor  burong, 

Mata   lepas   badan   terktirong : 

a  bird  whose  eye  may  rove  but  whose  body  is 
caged  ;  a  proverb  descriptive  of  the  position  of 
many  wives;  J.  vS.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  iio;Sh. 
A.  R.  S.  J.,  30. 

kurap.  I.  A  generic  name  for  a  number  of 
parasitic  diseases  of  the  skin  such  as  ringworm ; 
Muj.,  70;  Hay.  Haiw.;  Ht  Raj.  Don.,  52. 
Malay  doctors  recognize  many  varieties,  e.g,, 
k.  ay  am;  k,  buktt,  k,  gajah,  k,  kain,  k.  losong  or 
k,  kelongsongf  k,  pBkan,  and  k,  susu, 

n.  A  shell,  capsa  deflorata  ;  Sh.  A.  R,  S.  J.,  4. 
Also  kepah  kurap. 

korek.     Boring   or  digging  a  hole;  Ht.  Abd., 

64;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  370. 

K,  ulat :  **to  dig  up  worms;"  a  slang  expres- 
sion signifying  searching  for  an  excuse  to 
quarrel. 

Mengorek  :  to  dig;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  39. 


(Jlr     ^^^^^'     t^"g-  ^^  Dutch.]     Coral. 

.J' 

oj^   korah.     [Arab.    'Xl     A  ball 


kurau.     A  well-known  fish,  a  variety  of  the 
senangin;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  6  ;  Kam.  Kech.,  6. 


kurai.     Straight   broad  veining  or  marks  in 
wood  or  on  a  keris-hla.de. 


Ut 


kori  or  knri.     A  water-vessel ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 
Also  gori, 

^  kosa  or  kusa.     [Skr.  angkusa.]     The  ankus 
ly      or  goad  used  by  a  mahout;  Ht.  Sh.     Kosat : 
to  prod  with  the  ankus  ;  Ht.  Isk,  Dz. 

Also  (Kedah)  best  kuwasa.  Pronounced  (Riau, 
Johor)  ko^sa. 


ry 


kuwas.     See  ktiwis. 


^S  kuwis.  Striking  aside  with  the  finger-nail ; 
shoving  aside  with  the  foot ;  poking  up  and 
knocking  out  with  a  sharp  object.  Saperti 
ayam,  kuwis  pagi  makan  pagi,  kuwis  petang 
makan  pitang :  like  a  hen  which  eats  in  the 
morning  what  it  scratches  up  in  the  morning, 
and  eats  in  the  evening  what  it  scratches  up 
in  the  evening  ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,    II.,  146. 

Kuwas-kuwis :  id.  (frequentative). 

Kuwiskan :  to   pick  out,  to   scratch  out ;  to 
poke  out  (with  a  toothpick,  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.). 


./ 


kusut.  Tangled,  matted  (especially  of  hair) ; 
confused,  perplexed.  Rambut  kusut :  tangled 
hair;  Ht.  Abd.,  295;  Ht,  Ind.  Meng.  Rambut 
hisut'kusut :  id. ;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed.  Hati  kusut  : 
perplexity ;  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  3;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  7; 
Sh.  Ch.  Ber.,  8. 

K.  masai  :  an  intensitive  of  kusut. 

kusar.     Anger,  annoyance.    Better  gusar. 

kusus.     Better  (Arab.)  khusus,  q.  v. 

koseng.  Chin.?  To  be  *' cleaned  out"  at 
gambling;  to  lose  all  one's  money.  Pro- 
nounced ko^-seng. 

i^X^   kosong.     Empty,    idle,   hollow.     Karong  k. : 
QT^       an  empty  bag. 

Empama   buwah  kedepong, 
Luwar  merah   dalam-nya  kosong : 

like  the  kedepong  fruit,  red  outside  and  hollow 
inside ;  specious  but  worthless  ;  Prov. 

kosak.     Kosak'kasek  :  (Onom.)  the  sound  of  a 

restless  man  fidgetting  about  on  his  chair  or 
couch.     Also  kosak'kosek. 


r^y 


lt: 


.     <^  kosek.     I.      See  kosak. 

^  II.     (Onom.)     The  sound  of  washing  rice  or 

of  scraping  the  scales  off  fish.     Pronounced 
koHe\ 


J-/ 
J-/ 

f^y 
T*y 


iSt 


kusal.  To  roll  up  anything  by  friction  between 
the  hands. 

kosil.  To  **keep  hammering*'  at  any  task;  to 
work  a  bit  at  a  time  but  at  many  times  ;  to 
keep  reverting  to  a  point  or  worrying  a  person. 

kusam.  Lustreless ;  dull,  in  contradistinction 
to  shiny. 

kusu.     I.    A  small  group   of  two  or  three 

persons;  a  knot  of  men  gathered  together  to 
talk.  Berkusu'kusu  :  in  clusters,  of  men  whis- 
pering together;   Ht.  Abd.,  404. 

II.    KusU'kusu  :  the  vetiver  or  cuscus  grass, 
andropogon  tnuricatus. 

^S    kusi.  Rumputkusi:  ^grdissipoacynosur aides?). 


KUWANG 


[    548    ] 


KUWAK 


t/ 


kuwang.  I.  A  pheasant,  especially  the  argus- 
pheasant.  Saperti  kuwang  mekek  di-puchok 
gtmong  :  like  the  argus-pheasant  calling  on  the 
mountain-peak ;  a  simile  for  a  complaining 
lover  ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  IL,  138.  Mati  ktmang 
karma  bimyi :  the  argus  pheasant  perishes 
because  of  its  note ;  everything  has  some  feature 
by  which  it  can  be  tracked;  Prov.,  J,  S.  A.  S., 
IIL,  42. 

K,  raya :   the    argus-pheasant.     K.     ranggas 
or  k  cheremin :  the  peacock-pheasant. 

IL     Kuwang 'ktiwit :  v.  kuwit, 

kuwing,  (Kedah.)  A  village  messenger;  a 
man  employed  to  call  people  to  meetings  of 
the  mukim  inhabitants. 

AfiS    kufaJl.     Cufa ;  the  seat  of  the  Cufite  empire. 

J  ^  kuwap.     To  open  the  mouth  wide  and  draw  a 
J^        long   breath;  cf.  uwap.     Pronounced  kuwa^^p, 

2^S     kupat.     A   wrapper  made  of  nipah   leaf.    Cf. 
^       kUupat. 

kupor.     [Arab,  jy^l     Boasting,  bragging. 


If 


tf 


kupas.  Shelling,  peehng,  skinning,  removing 
the  outer  covering  of  anything.  Jikalau  belum 
aku  kupas  kulit  Mpala-nya  belum-lah  puwas  hati- 
ku:  so  long  as  I  have  not  torn  the  skin  off  his 
face,  so  long  will  I  remain  unsatisfied ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. 

Kenak:  to  be  stripped  of  all  one's  belong- 
ings ;  to  be  "  cleaned  out." 

Kupaskan :  to  skin,  to  peel ;  Muj.,  62. 
Mhigupas  :  id. ;  Sej.  MaL,  69. 

Terkupas :  peeled,  skinned,  shelled.  Pipi-nya 
saperti  telor  terkupas:  her  cheeks  were  like 
shelled  eggs ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  BBras  yang  sudah 
tirkupas:  husked  rice;  Sej.  Mai.,  153.  Cf. 
kBlupas. 

kupang.  I.  A  marine  mussel,  myiilus  ;  Sej. 
MaL,  45. 

IL  A  coin  or  measure  of  value  differing  in 
various  places ;  (in  Penang)  10  cents.  Duwit 
pun  tidak  barang  sa-kupang  :  he  had  not  a  single 
kupang  in  the  way  of  money  ;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J., 
30. 

K.  tembaga  :  (Penang)  copper  {ix.  false)  ten- 
cent  pieces ;  boasts  that  will  not  pass  current ; 
Prov. 

IIL     A  measure  of  weight ;  =  J  jampal. 

kuping.     I.  Jav.    The  ear.     Cf.  chuping. 
II.    The  crust  which  forms  over  a  sore  or 
wound  when  healing  ;  Muj.,  27.     Cf.  k^ruping. 

kopak.    I.      Limp,  of    the  breasts.    Kopak 

kapek  :  id.  (exaggerated).     Cf.  kopek, 

II .  Plucking  out  a  small  portion  of  the  shell 
or  skin  of  anything  which  can  be  plucked  to 
pieces;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  83.  Kopak-kapek: 
plucked  to  pieces,  dispersed,  scattered  (as  a 
defeated  army) ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 


III.  A  case  or  box.  Ada  yang  mengeluwarkan 
kopak  inhigambil  kain  baju  :  some  brought  out 
their  boxes  and  took  clothes  from  them ;  Ht. 
Pg.  Ptg.     Senapang  k, :  a  breachloader. 

IjS^  kopek.     Very    limp   and     pendulous,  of  the 

breasts.  Ma' -kopek  :  (i)  a  somewhat  irreverent 
way  of  addressing  an  old  w^oman  ;  (2)  a  title 
given  usually  to  a  woman  of  low  rank  who 
becomes  the  mother  of  a  raja,  and  sometimes 
to  a  raja's  fostermother.  Mengopek  susu  :  to 
suck  at  the  breast. 

3^     kopok.     An  obsolete  musical  instrument ;  Sej. 

Mai.,  144 ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata ;  Sh.  Sri.  Ben.,  74. 
According  to  Dutch  authorities  it  was  made 
of  copper  ;  local  informants  state  that  it  was 
an  instrument  resembling  a  pair  of  cymbals 
but  made  of  wood. 


of 


AS^  kupu.     I.     Arab  [Arab,  j^]       Equality 

rank,  parity  of  position.  Bukan-nya  jodo  atau 
kupu  darah  orang  kebanyakan  itu  dengan  darah 
raja-raja  :  there  is  no  matching  or  equalizing 
the  blood  of  the  people  with  the  blood  of 
kings ;  Ht.  Abd.,  409. 

II.  A   butterfly  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  87  ;  Marsd.  Gr., 
208.    Also  rama-rama, 

^S     kopah.     A  quantity  ;  a  mass  ;  a  clot.  Berkopah- 
-^       kopah  :  in  quantities,  in  lumps  or  clots. 

A}y     kopeh.     A   quantity   rather    less   than    that 
described  by  kopah. 

pS    kopi.     L     Eng.     Coffee.  Pronounced  ko^pi, 
IL     Eng.  Copy.   Buwat  k,:  to  make  a  copy. 
Also  kupi. 

III.  (Riau,  Johor.)    Incorrect,  full  of  errors 
and  mistakes. 


K,    ubat : 


Is     kupL     1.     A  small  flask  or  pouch. 
^-^       a  powder-flask  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  248. 

II.     See  kopi,  IL 

^  <^  kopiyah.    A  cap ;  v.  <i^ 

..  <^  kuwak.  L  To  open  out  by  seizing  anything 
^'■^  in  two  places  and  pushing  the  places  asunder ; 
to  make  a  passage  through  a  crowd  by 
pushing  people  apart ;  to  draw  aside  curtains. 
Ketika  kita  hendak  pergika-darat  mestimenguwak- 
nguwakkan  bangkai-bangkai  China  itu:  when 
we  wished  to  go  landwards  we  had  to  open  out 
a  way  between  the  dead  bodies  of  Chinese ; 
Bint.  Tim.,  16  Feb.,  1895. 

IL  (Onom.)  A  noise  such  as  the  croaking 
of  a  bull-frog.  Menguwak-nguwak  bagai  hidong 
gajah :  bellowing  as  though  he  had  the  nose  of 
an  elephant ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  IL,  159.  Cf. 
uwak.    Kuwak  is  pronounced  nasally  kuwa^L 

Burong  k.,  or  burong  kuwak-kuwak  :  a  bird 
(unidentified). 


KOKOT 


[     549     ] 


KOKOH 


^f 


// 


^f 


if 
if 


kokot  or  kukut.  Shaped  like  a  claw ;  claw- 
ing with  the  hands  ;  scraping  downwards  with 
the  fingers  or  finger-nails  ;  bending  the  hand 
into  the  shape  of  a  claw.  Cf.  kuhiy  htkor, 
kokong,  etc. 

K,  jantan  and  k,  bUina :  the  hinges  of  a 
rudder,  the  k,  jantan  fitting  into  the  k. 
betina, 

kukor.  I.  (Onom.)  The  murmuring  note  of 
the  ground-dove  (teknkor) ;  the  French  ro;/co?//^r. 

II.  To  scrape,  to  rasp  ;  a  scraper.  Kukor 
nyioTf  or  kukoran   nyior :  a    coco-nut  rasper. 

Empama  nyior  di -kukor ;  santan  di-ambily  henipas 
di'buwang :  like  a  rasped  coco-nut,  the  flesh 
is  taken,  the  rest  is  thrown  away  ;  a  simile  for 
a  girl  loved  for  a  time  and  then  abandoned  ; 
Prov.  Kukor  apa  kapada  kukor,  nyior  juga  yang 
binasa:  what  does  scraping  matter  to  the 
rasp  ?  —  it  is  the  coco-nut  that  is  ruined  by 
it ;  what  does  a  man  really  care  for  the  suffer- 
ing he  inflicts  on  others  ?  —  the  others  have 
to  bear  the  full  weight  of  it ;    Prov. 

Nyior  tahan  kukor  :  the  young  coco-nut  just 
before  the  water  begins   to  be  formed   in    it. 
Cf.  kuku,  kukut,  etc. 

kukus.  The  process  of  steaming ;  cooking 
by  steaming.  Tukang  kukus  nasi  :  a  cook 
whose  business  it  is  to  see  that  the  rice  is 
properly  steamed ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Knku- 
san  :  a  special  boiler  or  cauldron  for  steaming 
rice. 

kokang  or  kukang.  The  so-called  Malayan 
sloth,  nycticebus  tardigradus :  Ht.  Sh.  Kub, 
Usually  kongkang.     Cf.  kuku,  kukongy  etc. 

kokong  or  kukong.  Very  claw-shaped; 
claws  that  twist  almost  round ;  claws  like  those 
of  the  slow  loris.     Cf.  kokang,  kuku,  kukut,  etc. 


// 


kokop  or  kukup.     Alluvial    flats  formed 
the  deposits  at  the  mouth  of  a  river. 


kukok. 


by 


The   crowing  of  a  cock, 
to  crow.  Ay  am  pun  berkukok  hampir- 


y/ 


kokok  or 

Berkukok 

lah  siyang :  the  cock  crowed ;  day  was  at  hand  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  262.  Mandong  pun  sudah  berkukok 
ramai :  the  cocks  were  crowing  in  large 
numbers  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Masok  kawan  ayam 
berkokok  :  w^hen  you  enter  a  company  of  cocks, 
crow  ;  do  at  Rome  as  the  Romans  do  ;  Prov., 
Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  14.  Sa-ekor  ayam  ta'-berkukok 
hari  ta'-siyang-kah :  if  not  a  single  cock  crows 
will  daylight  fail  to  appear ;  Prov. 

K.  belemak  is  used  with  the  meaning  ''  owl  '* 
or  ^'plaintive  note  of  the  owl;"  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
{suwara-nya  mhtangis  saperti  k.  belemak), 

II.    To  carry  pick-a-back.  Pronounced  ^o'fto'. 

kokol  or  kukul.  Bent,  bowed,  curled  up, — 
as  a  man  huddled  up  with  cold.  Terkejang- 
kokol :  drawing  up  the  limbs  and  then  shooting 
them  out  again  ;  convulsive  struggling  such 
as  that  of  a  man  in  agony ;  Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  38. 


^/ 


kuku.  I.  A  nail  of  the  finger  or  thumb  ;  a 
claw ;  a  hoof;  the  pad  of  an  elephant  (Sej. 
Mai.,  124)  ;  the  talons  of  a  hawk.  Saperti  kuku 
dengan  isi  :  like  the  nail  and  the  quick  (the 
parting  of  which  is  intensely  painful) ;  a 
proverbial  simile  for  the  love  which  finds  it 
intolerable  to  be  separated  from  one's  beloved; 
Ht.  Sh.  Mard.  Harimau  sorokkan  kuku:  a 
tiger  drawing  in  its  claws  ;  a  power  concealing 
its  strength  (and  therefore  the  more  to  be 
dreaded);  Prov.  Harimau  menyorokkan  kuku, 
and  harimau  sembnnyikan  kuku  :  variants  of  the 
same  proverb.  Nyawa  bergantong  di-hujong 
kuku  :  life  hanging  from  the  tip  of  the  finger- 
nail;  life  depending  on  a  single  hair;  a  very 
dangerous  position  ;  Prov.  ^ 

K,  bajang :  see  bajang, 

K,  kambing  :  (i)  a  peculiar  forked  stick  used 
in  padi  planting  ; — the  young  plant  from  the 
nursery  is  placed  in  the  cleft  and  so  thrust  into 
the  ground  ;  (2)  the  foot  of  a  peculiar  kind  of 
salver  (pahar), 

K,  lang  :  (i)  the  talon  of  a  hawk;  (2)  a  hook 
with  a  barbed  point  turning  outwards. 

K,  sank :  the  claw  of  an  anchor. 

Bunga  k,  :  the  light  patch  at  the  base  of  the 
finger  nail.     Also  ktdit  adain, 

Pahat  k, :  the  round  chisel. 

Penyirat  k. :  the  skin  covering  the  base  of  the 
nail. 

Several  plants  are  named  after  real  or  fancied 
resemblances  to  the  feet  of  animals  ;  viz. : — 

K,  baning :  (tortoise  foot)  memecylon  hetero- 
pleurum,  and  memecylon  myrsinoides,  Akar 
k.  baning :  canthium  sp. 

K.  lang  paya :  (hawk  talon)  the  wild  jasmine, 
jasminum  bifarunu  K,  lang  rimba :  zizyphus 
calophyllus.     A  kar  k,  lang  :  randia  fasciculata. 

Akar  k.  balam  :  (pigeon-claw  climber)  zizyphus 
venoplia, 

II.  (Onom.)  The  murmuring  note  of  the 
dove  ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  I.     See  kukor, 

kokoh  or  kukoh.  Strong,  stiff,  steady.  K. 
kota :  the  strength  of  a  fortes  construction  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  55,  56.  K,  sitiya :  firm  fidelity ;  unshaken 
loyalty;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  lya  berkokok  di-dalam 
'adat  pusaka  nenek  moyang  itu  :  he  is  obstinately 
faithful  to  the  customs  handed  down  to  him 
by  his  ancestors;  Ht.  Abd.,  g8.  Berkokok 
negeri:  to  strengthen  the  city  (with  a  fort) ; 
Sh,  Sri  Ben.,  3.  Berkokok  diri :  to  strengthen 
or  encourage  oneself;  Sh.  Bah.  Sing.,  6. 

Kokokkan :  to  strengthen.  Mengokohkan  and 
perkokokkan  :  id.  K.  kota :  to  strengthen  a  fort ; 
Ht.  Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  69.  F.  kota:  id.; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  M.  kata  :  to  strengthen  one's 
words  (by  an  oath) ;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  29. 

1     As,  for  instance,  the  position  of  a  man  who  rouses 
the  jealousy  of  another : 

Orang  mengail  di-lobok    btilang, 

Umpan  diya   hulit  duku; 
Susah  b^rmain  kSkaseh  orang, 

Nyawa  bergantong  di-hujong  huku. 


69 


KUWAL 


[    550    ] 


KOMAT 


j/ 


J/ 


kuwal.  Swaying  slowly  from  side  to  side; 
rolling,  as  a  ship  rolls, 

kuwil.     L     Tam.     A  Hindu  temple. 

11.     To  lever  up  ;  to  thrust  up  by  leverage. 

kula.  I.  Jav.  I,  me;  the  first  personal 
pronoun.  Mana4ahjanjipaduka  beiara  dengan 
kula  :  what  of  my  lord  the  king's  agreement 
with  me;  Sej.  MaL,  135.  Kula  Hyada  takut 
akan  baginda  itu :  I  am  not  afraid  of  the 
prince ;  Ht.  Koris. 

II.      Skr.      Family,    race;    see    keluwarga, 
kula-sentana  and  kula-wangsa, 

kulat.  A  mushroom ;  a  fungus ;  a  generic 
name  for  fungi  such  as  mushrooms  and  toad- 
stools. Cf.  chendawan.  Berkulai :  to  be 
covered  with  fungoid  growth. 

kulit.  Skin,  peel,  husk,  shell,  crust,  rind, 
bark,  leather ;  the  outer  covering  of  anything, 
K.  kayu :  bark.  K,  harimau  :  a  tiger's  skin. 
K,  babi  :  pigskin ;  (by  metaphor)  a  dishonour, 
a  disgrace;  Ht.  Abd.,  396.  Tali  k,:  a  leather 
strap.  Pakai  kulit  ketam :  to  wear  the 
garments  of  a  hermit  crab ;  to  wear  borrowed 
plumes ;  Prov.  Kachang  lupakan  kulit :  the 
bean  forgets  its  pod ;  the  upstart  is  forgetting 
his  low  origin;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  11. ,  149. 
Ta'-mahu  koyak  kulit ^  kqyak  kain  mahujuga:  he 
does  not  want  his  skin  torn  but  he  is  ready  to 
have  his  clothes  torn  ;  he  is  ready  to  risk  his 
property  but  not  his  precious  person  ;  Prov. 
Tinggal  tulang  dengan  kulit:  only  skin  and 
bone  are  left;  Prov.,  Ht.  Isk.  Dz.  Saperti 
kambing  di-kuliti :  like  the  skinning  of  a  (live) 
goat;  a  proverbial  description  of  intense 
pain;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  61. 

if.  adam:  the  light  patch  at  the  base  of  a  fmger 
nail. 

kulor.  A  cultivated  variety  of  the  bread  fruit; 
artocarpus  incisa, 

^UXwy  kulasfintana.  Skr.  Family,  race,  especially 
the  family  of  a  prince,  Cf.  keluwarga.  See 
kula. 

rkolang  or  knlang.  Kulang-kaling :  motion 
to  and  fro ;  backwards  and  forwards.  Cf.  ulang, 
pulang,  etc.  Kulang  mlntong :  running  in  short 
snatches ;  action  by  fits  and  starts. 

^y     kolong.     I.     A  surface  mine ;  surface  diggings. 

II.  A  hollow  under  anything,  e.^.,  the  space 
under  a  table  or  under  a  Malay  house. 

III.  An  equivalent  oikalong,  q.  v. 

v-JJ^    kulup.     [Arab,    w-iip;  foreskin.]     A   sort  of 

nickname    {timang4imangan)  given  to  young 
(uncircumcised)  boys. 


;/ 


js/ 


ji/ 


If 


c}f 


J/ 


j/ 


kolak.     Kolak'kalek  :  striking  one  side  and  then 

another ;  shaking  in  a  sheath  ;  waggling,  of  a 
sword  in  a  scabbard  that  is  too  wade  for  it ; 
motion  from  one  side  to  another  and  then 
back;  Sh.  Lamp.,  33.     Cf.   kolang,   olak,  etc. 

kolek.     (Riau,  Johor.)     A  Malay  canoe;  the 

small  narrow  boat  with  very  sharp  lines 
commonly  known  among  Europeans  as  a 
''  koleh  ;"  Ht,  Abd.,  230. 

kolam.  Tam,  A  pond,  a  pool,  a  reservoir  or 
tank;  Ht.  Abd.,  97. 

kulim.     A  large  tree,  sorodocarpus  borneemis, 

ktdum.  Mastication ;  keeping  in  the  mouth  ; 
mouthing.  Di-kulum-nya  gula  batu  dalam 
mulut'tiya  :  he  was  chewing  a  lump  of  sugar ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  197.  Chakap  jangan  kulum :  out 
with  it,  don't  keep  it  in  your  mouth  ;  a  collo- 
quial expression  meaning  *'  speak  plainly." 

Menguhim  :  to  chew,  to  mouth.  Menangis 
saperti  mengulum  madu  :  to  weep  till  the  eyes 
are  red  with  weeping  ;  literally,  to  w^eep  like 
mouthing  honey:  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  11. 

kulon  or  kulun.  Jav.  The  West.  Bang- 
kulun:  **the  Western  Country;"  Bencoolen. 
Orang  knlun  atau  wetan  :  men  of  the  West  or  of 
the  East ;  Sh.  Panj,  Sg. 

kolah  or  kulah.  L  Buwah  kolah :  a  fruit 
(unidentified)  :  it  is  said  to  be  a  sort  of  wild 
mango. 

II.     [Pers.  ^  J      A  helmet. 


koleh.  Koleh'koleli  :  flour  in  granules,  starch. 
Kuweh  koleh'koleh  :  a  sweetmeat  prepared  in 
i;rranularform. 


A^  koloh.     Ayer  koloh  :  the  coarse  dye  in  which 
y       cloth  is  first  steeped  in  the  process  of  dyeing. 

L^y  )s,vli.  [Hind,  (iy  and  J^  ]  A*'coolie;"  a 
day-labourer;  Ht.  Abd.,  62,  236.  Berkuli : 
to  work  as  a  coolie ;  Ht.  Abd.,  213,  215. 


i/ 


kulai.  I.  Hanging  down  slackly  as  a  broken 
branch  or  limb.  Tangan-nya  patah  ter kulai : 
his  arm  was  broken  and  hung  slackly  down  ; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mahaw.  Cf.  also  Ht.  Abd.,  66, 67  ; 
J.  I.  A.,  I.,  150. 

11.     A  shell,  turbo  marmoratus. 
HI.     (Kedah.)     A     tree;     also    known     as 
nierkulai. 

^S    kuma.     Kuma-kuma  :  saffron  ;  better  \5^'^  ,  q.  v. 

komat  or  krnnat.  Kumat-kamit:  the  move- 
ments of  the  mouth  in  speaking  or  eating. 
Midut-nya  sehaja  kumat-kamit  di-bacha-nya : 
his  mouth  simply  moved  as  he  read  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  104. 


c„^y 


KUMOR 


[    551    ] 


KUWEH 


J-/ 


o*y 


< 


kumor.  To  gargle;  to  rinse  the  mouth. 
Berkumor-kumor :  id.  (frequentative) ;  Muj.,  68; 
Hay.  Haiw. ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  66,  158,  163. 

kumis.  Hair  near  the  lips  ;  the  moustache 
and  the  hair  just  under  the  under-Hp  ;  Sh. 
Lamp.,  10;  Sh.  Paoj.  Sg. 

komeng.  Small  of  its  kind ;  shrunk ;  (by 
extension  of  meaning)  insufficient  sexual 
development,  impotence. 

Nyior  k. :  an    abortive  coco-nut ;   one  which 
contains  no  edible  flesh. 

komak.  Komak-kamek :  a  variant  of  komat- 
kaniit ;  v.  komat, 

kumal.  Crumpled ;  ruffled ;  slightly  soiled,  as 
paper  after  it  has  been  written  on ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  125, 

koman.  Eng.  "  Common,"  in  the  sense  of 
**  inferior"  (of  goods).  Barangyang  k. :  shoddy 
goods. 


tf 


<^  kumi.     [Port. 

f^       Kumi  tiiwan  sireh 


cotne,]     To  eat ; 
take  sireh,  sir; 


i^  <^  kuwantong. 


See  kantong. 


.^^  kuman.  A  very  small  louse.  Sa-ekor  human 
^  *  di'benuwa  China  dapat  di-lihaty  tetapi  gajah 
bertangkap  di-batang  hidong  tiyada  sedar :  he 
can  see  a  louse  as  far  off  as  China  but  cannot 
see  an  elephant  caught  on  the  bridge  of  his 
nose  ;  Prov.,  J.  S,  A.  S.,  XL,  67. 

Sa-ekor  kuman  kena  pelantek^  ^ 

Darah  menimpa   sa-rata  ^dlarn : 

a  single  louse  has  been  caught  in  a  trap  yet  its 
blood  is  falling  all  over  the  earth  ;  much  cry 
and  little  wool ;  Prov. 

Hati  gajah  sama   di-lapah, 
Hati  kuman  sama    di-chtchap  : 

together  have  we  sliced  the  heart  of  the 
elephant ;  together  have  we  dipped  the  heart 
of  the  mite ;  we  have  shared  fortunes  for  better 
and  for  worse;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  IL,  162. 

^S     kumai.     An   ornamental    groove,   or    a  thin 

^-^       strip  of  wood  nailed  on  a  surface  for  ornamental 

purposes;   a   line    either   inset    or  in   relief. 

Berkumai  :  adorned  with  a  line,  as  the  side  of 

a  ship ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  20. 


to  consume. 
Ht.  Koris. 


konang  or  kunang.  Konang-konang :  a  firefly ; 
a  glow-worm;  Ht.  Koris;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  12. 
Mata-nya  saperti  konang-konang :  his  eyes  were 
like  fireflies  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Konang-konang 
sa-kebun  :  **  a  garden  of  fireflies ; "  a  name  given 
to  a  pattern  of  jewellery  where  many  gems  are 
used,  e.g,^  when  a  large  stone  is  set  in  a  ring 
of  smaller  ones;   Ht.  Koris,   Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

Blrkonang-kmtang :  glittering ;  Sh.  Ch.  Ber.,  7. 


;ir 


kuning.  Yellow.  Bandera  k. :  a  yellow  flag. 
Payong  k.  :  a  yellow  umbrella. 

Mambang  k.  :  a  glow  at  sunset  which  gives  a 
yellowish  tinge  to  the  complexion  ;  it  is  believed 
to  bring  bad  luck, 

Puteh  k. :  white-yellow ;  a  much  admired  colour 
for  the  complexion,  Puteh  kuning  saperti  mas 
tempawan  :  white  yellow  like  beaten  gold  ;  Cr. 
Gr.,  79.  Puteh  kuning  is  used  as  a  term  of 
endearment  meaning  **my  fair  one." 

Kekuningan :  the  colour  yellow,  the  royal 
yellow;  Sej.  Mai.,  90. 

kunun.  Report ;  it  is  said  ;  we  believe  ;  the 
story  goes.  lya  kunun  pandai  menilek  :  he,  they 
said,  was  gifted  with  second  sight;  Pel.  Abd., 
g.  Inggeris  kunun  hendak  memechahkan  kota 
Melaka  :  the  English,  so  they  said,  were  going 
to  destroy  the  fort  at  Malacca ;  Ht.  Abd.,  55. 

The  use  of  this  word  in  connection  with 
doubtful  or  suspicious  statements  (cf.  the 
French  07t  dit)  has  given  it  the  secondary 
meaning  of  ** deceiving"  or  ^'taking  in"  the 
credulous  in  the  expression  perkunun,  Hendak 
melihat  kelakuwan  orang  jangan  di-perkunun 
orang :  to  observe  the  conduct  of  others  so  as 
to  avoid  being  taken  in  by  them ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

Ambil  torak   lalu  bertenun 

Tenunan  kesumba   batek  Surabaya, 

Lain  orang   buleh  perkunun, 
Jangan  choba  kapada  sehaya : 

others  you  may  deceive  but  do  not  try  it  on 
me. 


frX^  kuau.     A  bird  closely  resembling  the  argus- 
^-^       pheasant  (if  not  identical  with  it).    Cf.  kuwang, 

^y  kuwah.  Sauce,  gravy.  Kuwah-nya  gulaiayam: 
with  curried  fowl  as  sauce  ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 
Kuwah-nya  chuka  :  with  vinegar  for  sauce ;  Sh. 
Peng.,  5.  Tuwang  k, :  to  pour  out  the  gravy ; 
Sh.  Lamp.,  17.  Kuwah  tumpah  ka-nasi  :  gravy 
is  emptied  on  rice ;  a  son  takes  after  his  parents ; 
Prov.,  Ht.  Koris;  cf.  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  73. 
Makan  birkuwah  ayer  mata:  to  flavour  one's 
food  with  tears ;  to  live  a  sorrowful  life ;  Prov., 
J.  L  A,,  L,  150. 


A  generic  name   for  cakes.     T^pong- 
iya  mahti  kuweh-nya  pun  iya  mahu : 


9^y    kuweh. 

nya  pun 

he  wants  both  the  flour  and  the  cake  (which  is 
made  of  it)  ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  45. 
Bagaimana  chetak  bagitu4ah  kuweh-nya :  as  the 
mould  is  so  will  the  cake  be ;  as  the  parents 
are,  so  will  the  children  be  ;  Prov. 

A  few  of  the  best  known  cakes  are : 

K.  bangkit,  made  of  arrow-root,  flour,  eggs, 
white  sugar,  and  suet ;  it  is  baked  in  a  mould ; 

K.jongkongy  of  which  jawi  flour,  sugar  and 
coco-nut  milk  are  the  main  ingredients ; 

K,  sepit,  a  thin  crisp  wafer-like  cake  made  of 
eggs,  jawi  flour,  white  sugar  and  coco-nut 
milk,  pressed  in  a  mould  ; 


KOHONQ 


[    552    ] 


K&YANaAN 


Ok 


:f 


jif 


K.  tar^  made  of  flour,  sugar,  suet,  egg,  and 
coco-nut ;  it  is  baked  in  a  mould ; 

K.  Ulor,  made  of  pului  flour,  eggs,  and  coco- 
nut oil ;  it  is  served  up  with  sugar; 

K.  ya,  hard  white  pastry. 

kohong.  Stinking,  putrid,  smelling  vilely, — 
a  very  strong  expression.  Pronounced  (Riau, 
Johor  and  Kedah)  Whong, 

kuwai.    A  plant  (unidentified)  ;  J.  I.  A.,  L,  331. 

kliwi.     A  bra-zier's  mould. 

kowe.     Jav.     You;  =  kaii  or  mgkau. 

ktl3rut.  Hati  ktiyut :  (Riau)  pining,  homesick, 
lovesick.     Cf.   kuyup, 

kawit6ra.  [Old  Jav.  pawitra,]  The  name  of 
a  holy  water  mentioned  in  old  romances ; 
V.  d.  W.,  Kl. 

koyang.  (Singapore.)  An  epidemic  disease 
attacking  fowls. 

kuyong.     A  marine  shell-fish  (unidentified). 

kuyup.  Basah  kuyup :  wringing  wet ;  Pel. 
Abd.,  128.  Hati  k, :  pining,  homesick,  love- 
sick ;  also  (Riau)  hati  ktiyut, 

koyak.     Tearing,     rending;     torn.     Sa~paroh 

di'koyak  uleh  anjing :  some  were  torn  to  pieces 
by  the  dogs;  Ht.  Abd.,  83.  Ta'-mahu  koyak 
kulit,  koycik  kain  mahii  juga :  he  does  not  want 
his  skin  torn  but  is  willing  to  let  his  clothes 
be  torn  ;  he  will  risk  his  property  but  not  his 
precious  self;  Prov.  Koyak  ta' -berbimyi :  tear- 
ing without  any  sound ;  simulation  without 
reality ;  Prov.  Koyak  baju  malm  ukor  badan : 
to  tear  the  coat  in  measuring  the  body  for  it ; 
to  ruin  a  thing  in  attempting  to  improve  on 
it ;  Prov.  Koyak-koyak  :  much  torn  ;  ragged  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  308. 

Koyakkan  or  koyak-koyakkan  :  to  keep  tearing, 
to  tear  up  or  tear  to  pieces.  Mengoyakkan : 
id.  Mengoyak:  to  tear  (used  of  a  woman 
tearing  out  her  own  eyes,  Ht.  Best.). 

koyok,     I.     A  cur;  an  expression  (the  Orang 

Laut  word  for  dog)  used   by   Malays   as   an 
abusive   form    of  anjing.     Mingenakan  k  :  to 
hit  the  curs  ;  Sh.  Panj.    Sg. 
n.     See  koyo. 


kuwilu. 

teniwilii. 


(Port,    coelho.)     A      rabbit.      Also 


<^  koyan.      A  measure  of  weight  or  capacity; 
O^J^      Ht.    Abd.,  367,   413.   K,  melayu :  40    pikuls. 
K,jawa:  30    pikuls.    In  Kedah    a    koyan  is 
equal  to  800  gantang. 


ko'yam.     (Riau,  Johor.)   A   species  of  broth 
made  of  flour-meal. 


a)S     koyo.     Chin.  ?     A  medicinal  plaster. 


kuwini.     Jav.      The  wild  mango,  mangifera 
foetida,  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  2  ;  =  (Malay)  bachang. 


Ji?" 


r 


ijr' 


r 


fey 


kuyu.  Looking  melancholy;  not  looking 
well.  Rupa-nya  knyu  :  looking  ill ;  Sh.  Lail. 
Mejn.,  17.  Mukak,:  a  sickly  countenance; 
Sh.  Nas.,  13.     Ayam  k, :  a  fowl  that  looks  ill. 

kunyet     or     (Kedah)     kunyit.      Curcuma, 
turmeric.    Bagai  kimyet  dengan    kapor :    like 
turmeric  and  lime ;  blending  instantaneously, 
— ^love  at  first  sight;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,    III., 
24.   Beras  k, :  rice  stained  with  turmeric  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  423. 
Akar  k,-k, :  a  plant,  limacia  triandra, 
Kayu  k, :  a  tree,  cryptocarpa  impressa. 
Temu  k, :  turmeric,  curcuma  longa. 

konyong.  1.  Sa-konyong-konyong :  all  of  a 
sudden  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  11 ;  Ht.  Abd.,  363. 

II.  Terkonyong-konyong :  (Riau,  Johor)  a 
stiff  straight  attitude.  Berjalan  terkonyong- 
konyong:  to  walk  looking  like  a  ramrod. 


konyek. 

monkey. 


Mengonyek  :   (Riau)     to  grin,  of  a 


konyok.  Crumpling  up  clothes  hastily  and 
throwing  them  aside;  to  leave  clothes  un- 
folded on  a  chair  or  otherwise  lying  in  a 
disorderly  way  about  the  room. 

4^5  kunyah.  Chewing,  ruminating;  chewing  in 
the  closed  mouth.  Cf.  mamah  (which  refers  to 
more  violent  chewing). 


^ 


kah.  I.  An  interrogative  particle.  lya-kah 
atau  tidak  :  is  it  so  or  not  ?  Apa-kah  dosa-nya  : 
what  fault  has  he  committed  ?  Benar-kah  :  is 
it  true  ?  Ada-kah  banyak :  are  there  many? 

II.  (Onom.)   The  sound  of  a  laugh.   Berkah- 
kah :  to  laugh. 

>j^.X^  k6h6ndak.     Will,  wish,  desire;  v.  hendak. 

^^^  kahwin.     Marriage  ;  =  (Pers.)  kawm,  q.  v. 

5^  ke.    (Riau.)   ''So-and-so;" ''what's his  name;" 
^       an  expression  used  to  describe  a  person  whose 

name   is   for  the   moment   unknown   to   the 

speaker. 

^  kiya.     I.    Jahit  bikiya  :  chain-stitch  ;  v.  bekiya. 

^  II.  Yu  kiya-kiya  :  a  shark  the  tail  of  which 
resembles  that  of  the  ray  or  skate.  Saperti  yu 
kiya-kiya  :  like  the  fish  (shark  at  the  head  and 
skate  at  the  tail) ;  double-faced,  treacherous ; 
Prov.,  V.  J.  S.   A.  S.,  II.,  139. 

III.  [Hind,  kya,],  See  chandakiya. 

^\$^  kgyangan.     See  j^a^g- (divinity). 


KIYANI 


[    553     ] 


KECHI 


^ 


kiyani.     Pers.    Royal.    Singgasana  Myani :  a 
royal  throne  ;  Ht.  Ham^.,  67,  68,  71. 

r w     kiyai.     Jav,     A  title  of  respect  given  to  the 
venerable ;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  ^;^f  53. 


JW 


lt^ 


kibar.  Waving.  Berkibaran :  to  be  waving 
(of  a  flag  or  pennon);  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya  ;  Ht.  Koris. 
Cr.  Gr.,  78.  Berkibar-kibarmi :  id.  (frequen- 
tative) ;  Sh.  Jub.  Mai.,  g.  Kibar kan:  to  wave 
(transitive), — used  of  a  bird  shaking  out  its 
wings;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

In  Kedah  kibar  is  also  used  in  the  slang  sense 
of  bolting  (^'shake  your  legs  and  be  off'*). 

kibas.  I.  Holding  anything  in  the  hand 
and  shaking  it,  e.g,^  as  a  servant  waves  about 
a  fan  to  drive  mosquitoes  out  of  a  mosquito- 
net.  Kibas-kibas: id.  (frequentative);  Pel. Abd., 
47.  Kibaskan  :  to  knock  aside  in  this  way,  e.g., 
as  a  man  swinging  a  stick  or  his  arm  in  front 
of  him  makes  his  way  through  thin  under- 
growth ;  Sej.  Mai.,  57.  The  word  is  also  used 
(Ht.  Ind.  Nata)  of  men  spitting  bad  food  out 
of  their  mouths  and  (colloquially)  of  blowing 
out  a  light. 

II.  [Arab,  kibdsh.]  The  tail  of  a  sheep. 
Kambing  k,  :  the  Arabian  sheep.  Dayong  k. : 
an  oar  at  the  stern  of  a  boat. 

J|tr      kebeng.     Eng.     A  cabin  on  a  ship. 

^5  kebak.  Gaping  open,  of  a  deep  cut ;  exposing 
the  interior. 

^^S  kita.  We;  (in  some  cases)  I.  Kita  includes 
the  person  addressed  ;  cf.  kami.  Kita  is  used 
for  the  first  person  singular  by  Malay  princes 
on  the  East  coast  of  the  Peninsula  and  also 
by  some  foreign  settlers  notably  Indians. 

,j;.J>  kiyat.  I.  Out  of  joint,  not  meeting  exactly  ; 
a  strain.  Leher  bekiyat :  (Kedah)  a  stiff  neck. 
Tidang  kiyat :  a  dislocated  joint  of  the  body. 

II.  (Onom.)  Kiyat'kiytd  (Singapore)  the 
creaking  of  rowlocks  or  of  the  hinges  of  a 
door;  also  (Riau,  Kedah)  kiyang-kiyut.  Pro- 
nounced kiyaH'kiyuH, 

,j^^J^  kiyut.     See  kiyat. 

^  ,<^  ketut.     Warped,      shrivelled,      stunted.     Cf. 
*"'^*-        keretut  and  kemetiU. 


^ 


i^- 


kltar.  Revolution  round  a  central  point; 
motion  in  a  circle.  Cf.  kisar  and  idar. 
A  distinction  is  sometimes  drawn  between 
kisar  and  kitar  by  using  ^zVaf  of  relatively  slow 
revolution  and  ki$ar  of  rapid  revolution. 

Kitarkan :  to  turn  (anything)  round  as  one 
turns  a  horse  by  leading  him  in  a  circle  ;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg. 

ketang  or  kitang.  I.  A  salt-water  fish  with 
venomous  fins,  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  7, 

11.     Chin,  ?     A  tea-cup. 


cf 


kiting.     Vulg.     A  bit,  a  very  small  portion  of 
anytning;  KI.,   v.  d.  W. 


'^  ketak.     Berketak-ketak :  in  groups,  of  people. 


7^ 


■^ 


ketek.    Jalan  tlrketek-ketek  :  the  walk  of  a  fat 

man    with     short    legs ;    the   strutting   of  a 
stumpy  fowl. 

ketel.     Eng.     Kettle. 

kijang.  The  barking  deer  {cervulus  muntjac  ?) ; 
Sej,  Mai.,  44;  Ht.  P,  I.  P.;  Ht.  Abd.,  88;  Ht. 

Sri,  Rama. 

kijing.     An  edible  marine  mussel. 

keju.      [Port,  qtieyo.]     Cheese. 

kijai.  The  nervous  quivering  of  a  man  after 
being  stung  by  a  venomous  insect.  Tirkijai- 
kijai :  shaking  in  this  way, 

kecheng.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Having  one  eye 
closed ;  (according  to  Dutch  authorities)  closing 
an  eye, 

kechong.  Swindling;  obtaining  goods  by 
false  pretences,  or,  having  obtained  the  goods 
on  credit,  to  deny  indebtedness  for  them. 


^t^  kechap.     Soy,  ketchup,  sauce. 

l^^  kechek.     Importuning,    wheedling,  worrying 

*"*  by  importunity ;  obtaining  by  flattery  or  impor- 
tunity. Kena  k. :  to  be  swindled  by  empty 
promises  ;  to  be  taken  in  by  a  plausible  story. 
K,  anak  Melaka  :  wheedlers  are  the  men  of 
Malacca;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  115. 
Sicdah  di-kechek  di-kechong  pula :  to  wheedle  a 
man  into  lending  money  on  poor  security  and 
then,  on  top  of  that,  to  deny  the  debt ;  swindle 
upon  swindle  ;  Prov. 


3^ 


jf. 


^ 


«r 


kichak.  (Onom.)  The  note  of  the  murai 
bird;  Ht.  Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  i. 

kichu.  A  dodge,  an  artifice,  a  swindling 
contrivance;  to  swindle.  Ada-kah  patut  raja 
hendak  kichu  ambil  herta  orang :  is  it  right  that 
a  prince  should  swindle  people  out  of  their 
property;  Ht.  Best.  Mengichti-ngiclm  orang: 
to  be  a  swindler,  to  practise  swindling;  Ht. 
Raj.  Sul.,  2.  Cf.  kechong,  kechoh^  kechek  and 
kelichu. 

kechoh.  Swindling  by  giving  false  weight; 
cheating  at  cards ;  cheating  in  its  criminal  forms. 
Cf.  kichu. 


^Jf^    kechi.     Eng.     A   ketch;   a   sailing   vessel   of 
"^*       small  tonnage  and  light  draft ;   Ht,  Abd.,  13, 
98,  217 ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. ;  Marsd.  Gr.,  137. 


KIDA 


[    554    ]  KISA 


aT 


kida.     Kida-kida  :  thin  gold  spangles  shaped 
like  lozenges;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  ii. 

PjS^  kidong.  Crooning;  singing  with  a  nasal 
C  "  intonation ;  a  peculiar  kind  of  recitative, 
Di-dengar-nya  suwara  laki-laki  mengidoftg  :  he 
heard  the  voice  of  a  man  crooning  (his  wife  to 
sleep) ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  BMandak  sambil 
mlngidong :  dancing  and  intoning  narrative ; 
Ht,  Mas.  Ed.  Timbang  kidong :  the  time  or 
measure  in  which  a  story  is  intoned  ;  Sh.  Panj. 
Sg,  Ttikang  kidong :  (Borneo)  a  man  who,  at 
a  wedding,  sings  a  complimentary  history  of 
the  family  of  the  bridegroom. 


o4' 


J^ 


r 


Mdap,     Rubbish,  dirt,  (ilth,  dust. 

kedek.  Birjalan  terkedek-kedek :  to  waddle 
along  like  a  duck;  v.  kedek. 

kidal.  Left,  the  left-hand  side ;  =  kiri,  but 
used  especially  with  the  meaning  **  left- 
handed,"  e.g,,  of  a  left-handed  man  or  of  a 
stroke  with  the  left  hand. 


kidol  or  kidul.  Jav,  The  south.  Birjalan 
menuju  sa-belah  kidol :  to  travel  towards  the 
South ;  Ht.  Sh.  Di-hadapan  birhala  segara 
kidol:  before  the  idol  representing  the 
Southern  Ocean;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed.  Anak  orang 
kidol  alasan :  a  native  of  the  jungle-covered 
South  ;  Ht.  Perb,  Jaya. 


j^  kidam.     A  variant  of  idam,  q.  v. 

'^  kera  or  kira.     I.     Estimating,    calculation, 

^^       thinking.     Sihaya   kira    bukan-nya    inggeris  : 

I  think  he  is  not  an  Englishman;  Ht.  Abd., 

148.    Jikalau   kira-nya :  if  by  any  chance ;  if, 

by  way  of  a  supposition. 

Kira-kira :  (i)  calculation,  accounts,  arithme- 
tic; (2)  about,  approximately.  'Ilmu  k.-k. :  the 
science  of  arithmetic ;  Ht.  Abd.,  9,  168.  jFC.- 
k.  lima  enam  belas  orang :  about  fifteen  or 
sixteen  persons  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  18.  Sa-kira-kira : 
about,  approximately. 

Kira-kiraan :  opinion,  estimation  ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Nata, 

Berkira-kira:  to  meditate,  to  think  over;  Ht. 
Abd.,  10,  265,  362. 

n.     Temm  k, :  a  process  of  weaving. 


•  ^  "kervLt.    See  kerang. 


kerang.  Kerang-kerut :  uneven,  irregular,  as 
the  writing  of  a  man  on  unruled  paper.  Also 
kerang 'ker  oh. 

kjj^   kerong.     Kerong-kerong :    the    hole   through 
C*        which  water  escapes  from   the   scuppers  of  a 
ship, 

Ikan  kerong'kerong :  a  marine  fish  (unidenti- 
fied) ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  80. 


i^ 


kerap  or  kirap.  Swift  but  irregular  motion  ; 
the  flapping  of  a  sail ;  the  bustling  of  a  man 
who  wishes  to  walk  at  a  pace  to  which  he  is 
not  accustomed ;  the  darting  of  a  fish  along 
the  surface  of  the  water.  K,  kerap  :  id.  Ikan 
terkerap  jala  tiba  :  the  casting-net  arrives  just 
as  the  fish  has  darted  along  the  surface  {i.e., 
just  in  time) ;  taking  immediate  advantage  oiF 
an  opportunity;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV,, 91. 

)^jS    kirip.     Siput  kirip :  an  edible  shell-fish  (uniden- 
tified). 

IjS    kerek.     L     A   measure   of  capacity   used  in 

selling  sugar. 

n.  The  tire  of  a  wheel ;  the  small  wheel 
inside  a  pulley, 

^jS    kirim.     Sending  (used  of  sending  things  not 
»    *        of  sending  persons).     Di-kirim-nya  sural :  he 

sent  a  letter. 
K.penit:  to  send  a  gift  (as  a  sort  of  retaining 

fee)  to  a  midwife. 

Kiriman :  a  thing  sent.  Perkiriman  :  id. ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Nata,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Sural  kiriman :  a 
letter ;  Ht.  Abd.,  9,  46. 

Kirimi :  to  send;  Sej.  Mai.,  53.  Kirimkan: 
id.  ;Sej.  Mai.,  151;  Ht.  Abd.,  91,101,341. 
Mengirimkan :  id. ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 


iS/f 


iS^ 


kerau,     (Kedah.)     Half-ripe,  of  fruit. 

keroh.  Kerang-keroh :  uneven,  irregular,  out 
of  line  ;  v.  kerang. 

kirai.  L  BBrkirai-kirai :  marbled  ;  with  veined 
variegated  markings. 

II.  Shaking  out  the  water  from  a  wet  cloth ; 
shaking  oneself  as  a  dog  that  has  just  come 
out  of  the  water ;  shaking  off  dust ;  dusting ; 
winnowing.  Kiraikan :  to  cleanse  (in  this 
way);  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Kirai-kiraikan :  id.; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

MBngirai-ngiraikan :  id.;  Ht,  Sg.  Samb,, 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

RoH  kirai :  a  preparation  made  of  flour  and 
egg  and  resembling  macaroni. 

A  kar  kirai :  a  plant,  hiptage  sericea. 

kiri.  L  Left,  the  left-hand  side.  Tangan  k,  : 
the  left  hand.  Langkah  k> :  to  step  out  to  the 
left ;  (by  metaphor)  to  arrive  unpunctually. 
Lepas  kiri  kanan  ta'-dapat :  to  let  go  the  left 
and  fail  to  catch  the  right ;  to  fall  between  two 
stools ;    Prov. 

IL  Kirikan :  (Riau,  Johor)  to  give, — used  by 
an  inferior  of  a  gift  made  to  him  by  a  superior. 


C-%^     kisa.     I.     A  small  drag-net.     II.    See  Ms. 


kls.     Arab.    A  purse,  a  little   bag,  a  satchel ; 
the  envelope  of  a  despatch.     Also  kisa. 

Myas. 


See   i^Vj 


KESUT 


[    555    ] 


KILA 


K,2.0»>.AM^ 


V.^A'MW 


iS- 


J-T 


kesut.  Edging  towards  anything,  moving 
edgeways,  pushing  slowly  towards  a  person. 
Terkesui'kestd  bagai  anak  iidak  di-akii:  edging 
up  towards  one  like  a  child  whose  parent 
refuses  to  notice  it ;  overtures  on  the  part  of 
anyone  in  disgrace  ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A,  S.,  IIL,  27. 
Cf.  esut. 

kisut.     Crumpled,  ruffled,  shrivelled  up. 

kisar.  Revolution  ;  swift  motion  in  a  circle. 
Berkisar :  to  revolve  rapidly.  Ayer  yang  ber- 
kisar  :  an  eddy ;  Muj.,  93. 

Kisaran :  anything  that  does  its  work  by 
revolution,  e.g.,  a  lathe  or  grindstone  or 
millwheel.  Pengisar :  id. ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  144. 
Mengisarkan  :  to  grind  with  a  wheel,  to  break 
on  a  wheel,  to  sharpen  on  a  grindstone;  Sh. 
Panj,  Sg. 

kesor.  To  shove  forward ;  to  push  forward. 
Mengesor  segala  pedaii  meriyam :  to  run  out  the 
gun-carriages  ;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  16. 

kesep.  Bad  in  one  item  or  section ;  partly 
bad,  as  a  durian  of  which  one  section  is 
withered  while  the  rest  are  all  right. 

Btita  k, :  blindness  when  the  eyeball  is 
destroyed. 

kesek.     The    process   of  producing,   by   the 

friction  of  two  pieces  of  bamboo,  a  sound 
resembling  the  note  of  a  bird;  KL,  v.  d.  W., 
Pijn.    Locally  (Riau,  Johor)  gesek. 

kisal.  Mengisal :  to  rub  (anything)  against 
the  lower  part  of  the  palm  of  the  hand. 


I     <^  kesel.     To  rub  an  itching  body  or  limb  against 

v^^**^        anything,  as  a  horse   suffering  from  itch  rubs 

itself  against  the  sides  of  its  stall.     Also  gesel. 


iS^ 


eT 


kisi.  A  bar  or  post  in  a  series ;  a  rod  in  a 
loom.  Kisi'kisi :  trellis-jvork ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  ; 
Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  27,  114.  Berkisi-kisi :  adorned 
with  trellis-work ;  Sh.  Pant,  ShL,  13. 


kiyang.     Kiyang-kiynt :  (Onom.)    the  creaking 
of  a  door ;  v.  kiyuf. 


ijS     kiyong.     A  marine  shell-fish  (unidentified). 

4\jS^   kaiflyat.     Arab.    Manner,  way,  quality,  mode. 

._|^     kiyap.     I.     The  truck  of  a  mast  or  flagstaff, 
n.     Kangkang'kiyap :  opening   and    closing 
the  thighs. 

^Ji^    kepet.     I.     Turned   back,  of  the   edge   of  a 
pillow ;  broad  and  retrouss^,  of  the  nose. 

II.     Unwashed  (of  the  abaimana) ;  a  term  of 
abuse ;  KL,  v.  d.  W. 

,^<^  kepot.     Leaning  or  crouching  over  on  one  side. 


O^ 


J^ 


^ 


^ 


^ 


L/^ 


kipas.  A  fan.  Tingkap  k,  :  Venetian  blinds ; 
Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  2.  K,  kapal :  the  screw  of  a 
steamer. 

Kipasi :  to  fan ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  87.  Mcngipas  : 
id.,  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

kepeng.  A  small  copper  coin  av  weight ;  a 
'*cash;"a   h^U-duwit. 

kepak.     I.     r^rA^/ai^  ;  bent,  warped,  twisted, 

— of  an  arm,  branch,  or  limb. 

II.  Dukong  kepak  :  to  carry  on  the  shoulder 
or  hip  without  using  a  sling.  The  word  is 
used  of  the  way  a  child  is  carried  or  of  the 
way  a  tiger  carries  off  its  prey. 

kipai.  I.  Besprinkling,  by  waving  a  wet 
cloth  or  an  aspergilhis. 

II.  Welding  metals  together  by  the  use  of 
heat  and  pressure. 

III.  (Kedah.)  Partial  paralysis;  paralysis 
confined  to  one  side. 

kiyok.  L  (Onom.)  The  cackling  of  a  fowl. 
Pronounced  kiyo^^k. 

II.  Terkiyoh  :  twisted  ;  turned  almost  to  the 
point  of  dislocation. 

III.  Piitu  kiyok:  (Riau.)  The  name  of  a 
sweetmeat. 

kikir.  A  file ;  a  grater  ;  Kam.  Kech.,  9;  Ht. 
Abd.,  181.  Kikir  pari  belulang  keying  rendam 
iujoh  hart  ta'-basah  :  a  skate-skin  grater  and  a 
dry  pelt  though  sunk  in  water  a  week  will 
not  absorb  moisture  ;  a  metaphor  for  a  miser 
on  whom  solicitation   is  wasted;  J.  S.  A.  S., 

lU  150. 

The  use  of  kikir  in  this  metaphorical  sense 
*'miserly"  is  more  common  colloquially  than 
in  its  literal  meaning  '*  a  file.'* 

kikis.  A  rough  first  scraping ;  scraping  paint 
off  wood  preparatory  to  re-painting  ;  rubbing 
off  roughnesses  with  a  view  to  ultimately 
cleaning  and  polishing;  rubbing  off  mussels 
from  the  bottom  of  a  ship.  Kikiskan :  to 
clean  by  scraping,  to  scrape ;  Muj.,  86. 


^ 


I.     (Onom.)     A  giggling 


kekek  or  kikek. 

laugh. 

II.     A  gusset ;  a  crescent-shaped  or  triangu- 
lar piece  of  cloth  let  into  a  garment. 

Ikan  A. ;  a  fish  (unidentified). 

^S    kekok.     Blundering,  awkward,  or  clumsy, — of 
work. 

^^CS  kekel  or  kikil.     I.     Extreme  stinginess.    Cf. 
^  "       kikir, 

II.     Shaking  with  laughter. 

\5     kila.     [Skr.     indrakila,]     Berania  kila :    the 
mountain  Indrakila. 


KIYAL 


[    556    ] 


kSnyano 


kiyal.  Supreme  effort  or  exertion.  Terkiyal- 
kiyal :  throwing  all  one's  strength  into  a  last 
effort. 

kilat.  Scintillation,  flashing;  lightning.  Petir 
kilat :  thunder  and  lightning;  Ht.  Abd.,  370. 
Kilat  senjata  :  the  flash  of  weapons  in  fencing ; 
Cr.  Gr.,  44.  Kilat  sabong  menyabong :  forked 
lightning ;  flash  against  flash  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ; 
Sej.  MaL,  152.  Saperti  kilat  pantas-nya  :  swift 
as  lightning  {of  a  horse) ;  Ht,  Abd.,  106. 

Berkilat :  to  flash  ;  shining.  Tembaga  6.  : 
shining  brass ;  Ht.  Abd.,  453.  Hitam  b,  : 
shiny  black.  Berkilat  ikan  di-dalam  ayer : 
let  a  fish  but  flash  (its  scales)  in  the  water. 

Berkilat-kilat :  glittering  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  113,  273. 
Berkilatan  :  shining ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  29. 


kilir.     Sharpening,      setting, 
sharpen ;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  77. 


Mengilir 


to 


Mlas.  A  thong  for  tying  the  hands  behind 
the  back ;  the  process  of  pinioning.  Di-kilas 
siku-nya  t^goh-tegoh :  his  elbows  were  securely 
pinioned ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

kelang..  The  rollers  or  crushers  of  a  mill; 
a  mill  generally.  K.  ubi :  a  tapioca  mill.  K. 
minyak :  an  oil  mill. 

kelong.  The  well-known  fish-trap  everywhere 
seen  on  the  shores  of  the  Peninsula ;  better 
known  (Kedah)  as  bilat,  q.  v.  Membnwat  k, : 
to  erect  fishing-stakes. 

kelek  or  kilek.     Carrying  anything  under  the 

arm  without  using  a  clothorsling;  Sh.  Lamp., 
26;  Ht.  Best.  Kerja  raja  di-jwijong^  kerja  kita 
di'kilek  :  to  carry  our  work  for  the  prince  on 
the  head  while  carrying  our  own  work  under 
the  arm  ;  to  look  after  private  interests  w^hile 
attending  to  those  of  one's  employer ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  H.,  152. 

Tulang  kilek  buyong :  the  crest  of  the  ilium. 

Mengilek :  to  carry  by  one's  side  ;  Sh.  Kamp. 
Boy.,  4.     Kilekkan:  id.;  Sej.  MaL,  92. 


kelok.     An 

Cf.  lok, 

kilan.     Jav. 

jBngkaL 


artistic    curve ; 


kalok,    q,  V. 


The    span     of  the   hand;  = 


kilau.  Brilliancy,  radiance,  glitter.  Kilat  di- 
dalam  kilau,  gtiroh  mengandong  hiijan :  light- 
ning lurks  within  brightness,  thunder  is  big 
with  rain  ;  a  hidden  purpose  may  lurk  behind 
apparently  innocent  behaviour;  Prov.,  J.  S. 
A.  S.,  n,,  150. 

KilaU'kilauwan  :  flashing  at  intervals,  glitter- 
ing ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Kilau  is  used  of  light  which  keeps  varying  in 
brightness  but  which  does  not  appear  and 
disappear. 

^J^  kilah.     A   salt-water  shell-fish   (unidentified). 


of 


of 

if 


4' 


kill.  Kili'kili :  the  small  reel  on  a  Malay 
fishing-rod  ;  the  ring  through  a  buffalo's  nose ; 
a  thread  wrapped  round  the  legs  of  a  fighting 
cock.  Also  kekili.  Chabtit  kekili :  (slang) 
stark  naked. 

kima.  Siput  kima :  a  very  large  shell  (tri- 
dacna  squamosa  ?). 

kiyambang.  An  aquatic  plant,  pistia  stra- 
tiotes, 

kemut.     A  variant  of  khmit,  q.  v. 

kimiya.  Arab.  Alchemy ;  chemistry.  'Ilmu 
kimiyd :  id. 

kiyan.  "Time"  in  such  expressions  as 
**  five  times,"  *'ten  times."  S a-kiy an :  once, 
this  much,  so  much.  Sa-puloh  k, :  ten  times ; 
Ht,  Best. ;  Ht.  Sri.  Rama.  Jangankan  sa-kiyan 
ini  tinggi-nya  jikalau  sa-puloh  kiyan  sa-kali-pun 
kena  juga  di-panah-nya  nleh  Sang  Ranjuna  itu : 
not  only  at  this  height  but  even  at  ten  times 
this  height  he  could  be  struck  by  an  arrow 
from  Arjuna ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Demi-kiyan  :  to  this  extent,  so. 

Ara-kiyan  :  accordingly  ;  v.  ara* 

Kala-kiyan:  this  time  having  elapsed;  next; 
in  the  next  place ;  afterwards. 

kenek.  Shrunken;  dwarf;  old  but  un- 
developed. 

kini.     A  variant  of  ka-ini  :  v.  ini, 

kenang  or  kinang.  I.  Jav.  Kinangan :  a 
s^V^A-box. 

n.     Kuweh  kenang-kenang :  (Kedah)  a  cake 
made  of  pulut  rice. 


kewang.     A  plant  (unidentified). 

kiwi.  I.  A  supercargo  or  officer  in  charge 
of  the  hold  in  a  native  ship  ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III., 
64. 

IL  Kiwi-kiwi  :  ridiculous  pride  of  ownership  ; 
the  pride  of  a  man  who  goes  round  showing 
his  latest  purchase  to  everybody. 

kiyah.     Pengiyah  :  a  shoe-horn. 

kehel  or  (Kedah)  kihil.  Not  fitting,  in- 
harmonious  ;  out  of  its  course,  of  a  ship. 

kinyang.     Rock-crystal. 

kfinya.     [Skr.  kanya,]     A  maiden  ;  v.  kennya, 

k6nyut.     See  kBnnyut. 
kdnyit.     See  kennyit, 
kfinyang.     See  kinnyang. 


gA 


[    557    ] 


GADIS 


S 


^ 


The  letter  gd  ;  the  twenty-sixth  letter  of  the 
Malay  alphabet ;  the  symbol  for  the  number 
6000  in  the  Abjad,  q.  v. 


O    gSl.     The  name  of  the  letter  J^. 
jj*oO    gabas.     Coarse,  rough  (of  work  done). 


gabar.    (Penang.)    Boasting,  boastful;  (Kedah) 
ti'kahar;  (Arab.)  takabbur. 


U-i 


\r 


v^ 


v<r 


y^ 


gabus.  1.  Kayu  gabtis  :  a  soft  wood  used  in 
ship  building ;  soft  wood  generally ;  also 
(Kedah)  kayu  pegabtis.  Pisau  g. :  a  knife 
used  for  cutting  soft  wood ;  a  knife  with  a  very 
keen  edge ;  (by  extension)  sharpening,  i 

M.     Ikan  gabtis  :  a  fish,  ophicephaliis,  sp, 

gabok.     Unwieldy    build    or    bulk ;  obesity ; 

heavy- bodied,  of  a  short  thick  atiimal.  Biyawak 
g.,  or  (Kedah)  bewak  g. :  a  short  and  broad 
variety  of  the  monitor-lizard. 

gatal.  The  sensation  of  itchiness;  itching; 
(by  metaphor)  lustful,  lascivious.  Gigi  beta 
sangat  gataUnya  :  there  is  a  very  itchy  feeling 
about  my  teeth  ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Raja  China 
pun  sakit  gatal :  the  Emperor  of  China  fell  ill 
of  the  itch;  Sej.  MaL,  157.  Siapa  gatal  diya- 
lah  gam  :  whoever  is  itchy  will  be  the  man  to 
scratch  himself ;  whoever  is  guilty  will  take 
offence  at  my  remarks ;  Prov.  Sennit  gataUiak 
giinggong gunong,  sa-bagai-manadunya  ta'-sunyi : 
the  ants  are  itching  to  carry  off  the  mountains, 
how  comes  it  that  the  world  is  not  a  desert  ? 
— a  proverbial  expression  ridiculing  absurd 
presumption. 

Miiyang  g, :  extreme  itchiness  or  hiscivious- 
iiess;  an  intensitiveof  g'a^rti. 

V^  gajus.     The   cashew,    anacardinm    occidcntale, 
U^  Also  (Kedah)  janggus ;   (Riau)  jambu  monyet ; 

(Achin)  jambu  bersin  ;  etc. 

4j>.U  g^j^'h.  Skr.  The  elephant;  the  bishop  (in 
the  game  of  chess) ;  a  descriptive  adjective 
meaning  ^  Marge"  when  applied  to  the  names 
of  varieties  of  plants.  Saperti  gajah  masok 
kampong :  like  an  elephant  entering  a  hamlet 
(and  doing  much  damage) ;  Prov.  Gajah  sa-ekor, 
gembala  duwa  :  an  elephant  with  two  mahouts ; 

I     Cf .  the  pantun : — 

Semhor  ka-luwar  berehiis-rebns, 
Habis  merechek   sa-rata-rata  ; 

Barang  tumpul  bath  di-gabus, 
Sunggoh    ta'-kilat    tajmn  mata. 


a  girl  with  two  lovers ;  Prov.  Tebu  masok 
mulut  gajah  :  sugar  cane  entering  an  elephant's 
mouth  (and  not  likely  to  come  out  again) ; 
rushing  to  certain  destruction  ;  Prov.  Gajah 
terum  tengah  riiviah  :  an  elephant  lying  dow^n 
in  a  house;  a  bed  and  mosquito-net  in  a  room; 
Prov.  Gajah  matt  tulang  sa'timbuu ;  when  an 
elephant  dies  its  bones  make  a  heap ;  when 
a  house-  falls  its  woodwork  forms  a  heap; 
Prov.  Tiyada-kah  gajah  dapat  ka-tangan 
manusiya  :  does  not  even  an  elephant  fall  into 
the  hands  of  men ;  nothing  is  impossible  to 
enterprise  and  daring ;  Prov.  Tudong  bangkai 
gajah  dengan  nyirn :  to  cover  the  carcase  of  an 
elephant  with  a  sieve  (in  the  hope  of  hiding  it) ; 
a  hopeless  enterprise  ;  Prov. 

G.  berjuwang  :  a  fighting  elephant. 

G.  lalang  :  a  tame  elephant. 

G .  menyusu  :  a  covered  way   between  a  house 
and  its  outbuildings. 

G.  meta:  a  rogue  elephant. 

G.  mina :  (literally)  a  iish    elephant;  a  levia- 
than ;  a  whale. 

Bergajah:  mounted  on  an  elephant. 

Berjuwangkan  g, :  to    make    one's   elephant 
fight  or  charge. 

Hikmatg, :  the  magic  art  of  catching  elephants. 

Also  ^ilniii  ^\ 

Main 


gajahan. 


to  play  chess.     Also  main  gajah- 


Lfr 


)^  gaji.  I.  [Eur.  ?  J  Wages,  salary ;  Ht.  Abd., 
186,  225,  342  ;  Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  40.  Orang  g. : 
servant ;  a  paid  employe.  Makan  g, :  (Straits 
Settlements)  to  be  in  the  pay  of. 

II.     Gaji-gaji:     a     saw.      More    commonly 
gergaji,  or  gdji-gaji- 


V^gada.      [Skr.  gadd.] 
^      obsolete      weapon 


A    club,    a   mace;   an 
mentioned     in     ancient 
romances;    Ht.   Sg.   Samb.  ;    Ht.   Sh.  Kub. ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  Sh.  Abd.  ML,  18;  etc. 


A^  gadis.     A    maiden,   a   spinster,  a   young   un- 
l/*  married   girl;  a  Sumatran  equivalent  for a^a^ 

data,  Gadis  sudah  berlaki :  a  married  maiden; 
a  girl  who  has  been  seduced  ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
II.,  144.  Ahli  g, :  the  relatives  of  the  girl 
(bride)  ;  Simb.  Ch.     (Lawsof  Palembang),  13. 

Kayti  g. :  a    medicinal    plant,  cinnamomum 
parthenoxylon. 


70 


QADING 


[    558    ] 


QARU 


pOu  gading.  The  tusk  of  an  elephant ;  ivory ;  a 
descriptive  epithet  applied  to  several  plants 
v^ith  ivory-like  v^ood.  Dada-nya  sapMi  gading 
di'larek  :  her  breast  was  like  polished  ivory ; 
Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  147.  Gajah  bergadingkan  mas  : 
an  elephant  with  tusks  of  gold  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 
Tandok  bersendi  gading  :  horn  set  in  ivory ;  a 
commonplace  thing  in  a  setting  too  good  for 
it;  Prov. 

AtiT  g.   or  buloh  g, :  the  large  yellow  bamboo, 
bambusa  vulgaris, 

Gading'gading  :  the  ribs  of  a  boat. 

Kclapa  g.   or  nyior  g, :  an  ivory  coloured  coco- 
nnt. 

Pimai  g.  :  a  pigeon, ptilopus  jambu, 

Serig.  or  6im^i^  sm«^.  ;  a  plant  (unidentified); 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub.;  Sej.  MaL,  134. 

Siput  nialang  g.  :  a  shelf  (unidentified). 

The  following  plants  are  also  known  by  this 
descriptive  name : 

Pokok  g.  or   kayu  g, :  himteria  corymbosa   and 
petunga  venulosa, 

G,  betina  :  aporosa  a  urea. 

G.  gajah:  eria  pellipes. 

G.  hutan  :  pavetia  indica, 

G.jantan:  xanihophyllnm  ajfinc. 

G.  tidang  :  randia  densiflora. 

P^O     S^.<^^^S-     A  climbing  plant  the  tubers  of  which 

C«  yield    a    narcotic  poison  ;   dioscorea  dceinomim, 

Saperti  orang  mahok  gadong  :  like  a  man  drugged 

vsf'iXh  gadong  ;  oui   of  one's  senses;  Prov.,  Ht. 

Koris,  Ht.  Mas.  Ed.,  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 

G.  china  :  a  medicinal  plant  ;  sniilax  dmia. 
G.kesturi:   a    species     of  epidendrum ;    Sh. 
A.  R.  S.  J.,  7  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Laks. 
G.  tikus  :    a  thorny  climber  ;  smilax  helferi, 

.^^^  gadok.     Scluwar  gadok  :  a  pattern   of  trousers 
^  worn  in  Siak. 

^3^$^  gadah.  [Skr,  ^arf^.J  A  mace,  a  club.  Better 
gada,  q.  v. 

&^^  gadoh.  Uproar,  tumult,  noisy  disturbance, 
altercation,  row.  Membuwat  g. :  to  create  a 
disturbance.  Bergadoh :  to  take  part  in  a 
disturbance.  Gadohkan :  id.  A  pa  gadohkan, 
pengayoh  sama  di4angan  pevahii  sarna  di-ayer  : 
why  should  we  quarrel;  do  we  not  each  hold 
a  paddle  and  are  we  not  afloat  in  the  same 
boat?    Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI.,  21. 

Pergadohan :  a  disturbance,   a  noisy  dispute, 
an  altercation  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  254,  401. 

c^^  gadai.     Pawning,    pledging.     Pajak  g, :    the 
^  pawnbroking  farm  (now  abolished) ;  a  pawn- 

shop.    Birgadai :  to  pawn. 

Gadaiyan :  a  pledge,  a  thing  pawned. 


q.  v. 


^  gara.     Better  gehara, 

-    ^  garut.     Grating,  scraping,  scratching ; 
^^J  Misk.,  141.     Cf.  garok  and  garis. 


^ 


Ht.Si. 


^j  u  garis.  Scratching ;  a  scratch ;  a  line  traced 
by  the  point  of  anything  upon  a  surface  over 
which  it  is  drawn.  Garis-garis :  much 
scratched  ;  continuous  clawing  or  scratching ; 
Ht.  Perb.  Jaya.  Garis  sadikit  dada-nya  :  her 
breast  was  slightly  scratched;  Ht.  Koris. 
The  word  is  also  used  of  striking  a  match ; 
Sh.  Kamp.   Boy.,  3, 

Bergaris :  to  be  marked  with  scratches ;  to 
be  scratched. 

r,  \^  garang.       I.      Fierceness,   savagery ;    hostile 
Cr  behaviour.     Terlalu     garang     kelakuwan-nya : 

their  behaviour  was  most  savagely  hostile. 
Orang  melihat  inggeris  pnn  saperti  melihat 
harimau  scbab  nakal-nya  dan  garang-nya :  men 
looked  upon  the  English  as  tigers  because  of 
their  unreasonableness  and  ill-temper ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  81. 

Menggarang :  to  behave  in  a  savagely  ill- 
tempered  way ;  to  i\y  into  a  passion  over 
anything;  Sh.  Nas.,  9. 

Menggarangkan  :  to  inflame  hostile  feelings  ; 
to  rouse  the  passions  ;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  15. 

H.     See  gerangan. 

C  \<^  faring.     I.     A  kind  of  satchel  or  basket;   Ht. 
U        Abd.,  3-^2,  386,  387. 

H.  Crispness  ;  crisp  and  dry  as  fish  roasted 
on  embers.     Cf.  kering. 

111.  A  kar  garing'garing  :  a  climbing  shrub, 
cuestis  ra  m iflo ra . 


OJ 


\^  garak.     Gnling-garak  :  rolling  about  uneasily, 
as  a  man  who  tries  to  sleep  but  cannot. 


"  K^  S^^ok.       1.      Scraping,    grating,    scratching; 
*-^  rubbing  with  a  pointed  object.  Maka  lain  di- 

garok-nya  dengan  kuku-nya  :  he  then  scratched 
It  with  his  nail;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  167. 
Menggarok :  to  scratch;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  164. 
Cf.  garut,  and  gam. 

II.      Hoarse;    raucous,    of  the   voice.    Also 


^  garam.     Salt.     Membuboh  g, :  to  salt ;  to  add 
fj  salt    to    anything.    Bnnyi    orang    merendang 

garani :  the  sound  of  people  cooking  salt, —  a 
crackling  or  fizzing  sound  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 
Laksana  asam  dengan  garam :  like  acids  and 
salt  (which  suit  each  other) :  Prov.,  Ht.  Ind. 
Nata. 

Garam  jantan  :  long  grained  salt. 

Garam  sa-buku :   **  a  single    lump  of  salt:" 
a   name  given  to  large  diamond  ear-studs. 

Km  garam  :  coarse-grained  salt. 

^  xU     garau  or  garu.     Hoarse  or  raucous,   of  the 
^-^  voice;  Ht.  Abd.,  328.    Also  garok, 

^jO     garu.       1.      Scratching,    scraping    with    the 
nails.    Cf.  garok. 


QARI 


[     559     ] 


GALANG 


,\r 


^j 


y^ 
j-,^ 


v^*** 


r 


Gani'garu :  an  itchy  feeling;  Muj.,  27. 

Menggaru :  to  scratch ;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  5 ; 
Ht.  Best. ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  298,  Menggaru^ 
gam  :  to  keep  scratching ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
116. 

Penggaru  :  a  harrow,  a  scraper;  Cr.  Gr.,  41. 

II.     A  variant  oi geharu,  q.  v. 

gari.     I.     Handcuffs. 

II.  Malau  gari :  (Kedah)  sealing-wax;  v. 
alkari, 

gasang.  Incontinence;  lustful  excitement; 
impetuosity. 

gasing.  A  spinning-top;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ; 
Ht.  Hamz.,  47;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  Sh.  Put. 
Ak.,  22.     Also  (colloquially)  gcgasing. 

gasak.     Striking;  a  blow.    G.  lari  :  (slang)  to 

take  oneself  off,   to  "  clear  out ;  "  Bint.  Tim., 
23  Feb,  and  4  April,   1895. 


^ 


\J^    gasal.     (Kedah.)    Odd,  uneven,  —  of  numbers  ; 
'-'  =  (Riau,  Johor)    gcmjil.       Empat   gasal,   lima 

genap :  four  is  odd    and    five   even ;   white    is 
black;  Prov,,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  151. 


^^ 


gapil.  Menggapil :  to  carr}'  off  something 
unintentionally  or  unconsciously;  (colloquially) 
to  give  unnecessary  but  well-meant  advice, 
to  interfere  with  other  people's  work  in  a 
well-meant  but  indiscreet  way. 

^^  gapah.  Gopoh'gapah  :  very  great  haste  ;  hurry 
scurry;  an  intensitive  o{  gopoh,  q.  v.;  Sh. 
Kamp.  Boy.,  2. 


^ 


gagang.  The  stalk  or  stem  of  a  flower  or 
leaf.  Sirch  piilang  ka-gagang :  a  sireh  leaf 
restored  to  its  stem;  a  scoundrel  sent  back  to 
liis  proper  surroundings  after  temporary  dis- 
tinction ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  63. 

gagap.  Stammering,  stuttering ;  an  impedi- 
ment in  speech.     Orang  g, :  a  stammerer. 

gagak.  The  Malayan  crow;  Sej.  Mai.,  151; 
Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Burong  gagak  iUi 
jikalau  di'mandikan  dengan  aycr  mawar  tiyada 
akan  mcnjadi  puteh  biilti-nya  :  you  may  wash  a 
crow  with  rosewater  but  its  feathers  will  never 
become  white;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  132.  Burong 
gagak  piUang  ka-benuwa  :  a  crow  that  has 
returned  to  his  own  country  (as  black  as 
when  he  left  it) ;  a  man  to  whom  travel  brings 
no  wisdom;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  IL,  139. 

pO     gstgau.     Groping  or  feeling  about  for  some- 
^  thing    unseen ;    searching    for    anything    by 

means  of  the  sense  of  touch  and  not  of  the 
sense  of  vision  ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  71. 

Gagau  is  also  a  word  of  command  given  to 
an  elephant  to  order  him  to  pick  up  anything 
fallen  on  the  ground. 


j^ 


X 


X 


gagah.  Valour,  pluck,  firmness,  courage; 
force,  compulsion.  Pahlawan  yang  gagah :  a 
valiant  warrior  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  7.  Gagah  perkasa : 
valiant  and  strong.  *  Ilrnu  gagah :  the  magic 
art  of  courage;  acquaintance  with  courage- 
inspiring  talismans;  Ht.  Abd.,  154. 

Orang   Tenau   niudek  bergalahy 
Tukar   chiika   dengan  padi ; 

Orang   ia'-mahu^  jangan  gagah ; 
Santa   suka  beharu  jadi  : 

when  one  is  unwilling  use  no  compulsion, 
both  must  be  willing  before  it  can  take 
place. 

Gagahi  :  to  bring  pressure  to  bear  ;  to  force 
by  menaces  ;  Ht.  Abd,,  416  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  76. 
Menggagahi :  id.  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  410 ;  Sh.  Abd. 
Mk.,  71.  Beberapaptm  di-gagahi-nya  diri-nya 
itu  hendak  lari  iya  tiyada  juga  beruleh  lari  lagi  : 
however  much  he  tried  to  force  himself  to  run 
he  could  not  manage  to  run  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Gagah  is  sometimes  used  as  a  simple  future, 
=  hendak,  Perempuwan  yang  gagah  beranak  :  a 
woman  about  to  be  confined;  Muj.,  60, 

gala.  L  Tiyada  bergala  :  unlimited,  unbound- 
ed, unqualified  ;  utterly.  Snka-nya  hati  tiyada 
bergala:  his  pleasure  was  unbounded;  Sh. 
Kumb.  Chumb.,  14.  Luloh  lantak  segala 
tulang-nya  tiyada  bergala  lagi :  his  bones  were 
crushed,  they  were  utterly  crushed ;  Ht. 
Hamz.,  15. 

II.  Gala-gala  :  a  mixture  of  resin  emd  pitch 
used  for  caulking  boats.     Also  gegala. 

galir.  I.  Flowing  or  running  rapidly  but 
unevenly ;  running  loosely  as  a  wheel  which 
is  not  exactly  at  right  angles  to  its  axle. 
Ferkataan  yang  galir :  fluent  but  foolish 
speech.    Cf.  alir, 

II.  Kain  galir:  the  curtain  used  in  a 
puppet-show  {wayang  kulit). 


the  path  followed 
Cf.  alor. 


galor.     Furrow ;  channel ; 
by  the  current  of  a  stream 

Ombak  g,:  waves  bounding  back  from  a  cliff; 
waves  thrown  back  in  the  direction  from 
which  they  came. 

5«sor^.;  investigation  of  the  source  of  any- 
thing ;  historical  or  antiquarian  research. 

•Jo    galas.     Carrying  on  the  back  when  a  sash   or 
^"^  support  is  used ;  carrying  a  child  in  a  cloth  or 

sarong  slung  on  the  back  ;  a  sort  of  basket  of 
open  work  used  for  carrying  things  on  the 
back.  Tiyada  heban  batu  di-galas  :  having  no 
burden,  he  carries  a  stone  on  his  shoulder; 
making  unnecessary  work;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
U  95- 

Menggalas:  to  carry  in  a  sling  or  sack  over  the 
shoulder;  Sh.  Raj,  Haji,  186. 

galang.  A  cross-bar  or  beam  ;  the  bars  of  a 
door  or  window ;  the  rollers  on  which  a  boat 
rests  when  hauled  up  on  shore,  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah. ;  a  bar  interposed  as  a  protection  against 
a  descending  blow  or  against  pressure  from 
above. 


r 


GALAK 


[    560    ] 


GANAS 


G.  thnalang :  rollers  resting  on  other  rollers 
and  at  right  angles  to  them. 

Galangan:  a  slipway;  Sh.  Sri.  Ben,,  6. 

Galangkan :  (i)  to  lay  (a  boat)  on  a  slip  or 
on  rollers;  Sej.  Mai.,  46;  (2)  to  interpose 
(a  weapon  or  the  arm)  so  as  to  meet  a  descend- 
ing blow;  (by  metaphor)  to  obstruct.  Meng- 
galangkan  :  id.  Galangkan  segala  kehendak-nya  : 
obstruct  all  his  desires;  prevent  the  fulfil- 
ment of  his  wishes  ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

Menggalang :  to  be  in  the  way ;  to  obstruct ; 
Ht.  Best.,  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  19.  Tergalang  : 
placed  in  the  way,  obstructing;  Sh.  Lail. 
Mejn.,  5 ;  Sh.  Bid.,  57. 

Cf.  alang  and  inalang. 

aio  gS'lstk.  Menacing,  threatening,  terrifying ; 
"  bluffing" ;  assuming  a  threatening  appearance 
whether  with  or  without  the  intention  of 
backing  threats  with  force;  (colloquially) 
uxorious,  lascivious.  Singa  yajtg  g,  :  a  roaring 
Hon ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.,  Ht.  P.  J.  P.  Harimau  yang 
g.:  a  threatening  tiger;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  60. 
Gajahyang  sa-hagiin  hesar-nya  dan  galak-nya  : 
an  elephant  whose  size  is  so  great  and  whose 
appearance  is  so  terrific ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Anjing 
galak  babiberani  :  the  dogs  are  barking  threats, 
but  the  boar  has  the  courage  ;  big  words  do  not 
necessarily  mean  business ;  Prov.,  cf.  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XXIV.,  go.  Laksana  lenihu  kast^  galak  sehaja 
tiyada  melawan  :  Hke  a  bullock  which  threatens 
but  does  not  fight ;  Prov. 

lio  S^l®^"  Golak'galek :  the  wrong  way  about, 
Sh.  Lamp.,  8,  34  ;  ~  bolak-balek. 

^\^  galah.  A  pole  (for  poling  a  boat)  ;  a  long 
barge-pole  or  mooring  pole  ;  a  stick  for  knock- 
ing down  fruit  from  trees.  Bagai galah  di-tengah 
hams  :  like  a  poling  stick  in  the  middle  of  the 
current  (quivering  as  the  current  rushes  past)  ; 
a  proverbial  simile  for  trembling;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XXIV.,  97.  Bergalah  hilir  tertawa  buwaya: 
pole  downstream  and  the  crocodiles  laugh  (at 
your  wasted  energy) ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI.,  41, 


r 


^^galoh.     Jav.     A  princess ;  Ht.   Sh.  Kub.,    Ht 


Sh.,  etc.     Raden  g.  :  id. 


,\f 


gali.     Digging,  excavation. 

Galiyan :  a  digging,  a  surface  mine.  Also 
(Kedah)  keliyan. 

Menggali  :  to  dig.  M,  ubi  :  to  dig  up  tubers  ; 
Sh.  Lamp.,  32.  Barang-siapa  menggali  lobang 
iya  juga  terperosok  ka-dalam-nya  :  whoso  diggeth 
a  pit  he  also  shall  fall  into  it ;  Ht.  Abd.,  177. 

Penggali :  a  spade ;  a  digging-tool  of  any  sort. 
Diyam  penggali  birkarat :  the  rest  of  a  spade 
which  rusts  with  rest;  unprofitable  idleness  in 
contradistinction  to  recuperative  rest ;  Prov. 
Ht.  Abd.,  263. 

gamat.  L  An  edible  sea- worm ;  a  large 
variety  of  the  beche-de-mer.  Menikam  g. :  to 
spear  this  sea-worm  ;  Ht.  Gh. 

G.  pisang  :  a  variety  of  this  sea- worm  ;  stichopm 
variegatus. 

n.  Pleasant,  lively,  agreeable  (used  of 
festivities  or  of  a  tune). 


gamit.  A  slight  inward  movement  of  the 
fingers ;  beckoning  with  the  fingers ;  turning  in 
the  Hps  (Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  38) ;  swaying  inwards 
of  any  pendulous  body.  Di-gamiUnya  d^ngan 
hujong-nya  jari :  he  beckoned  with  the  tips  of 
his  fingers ;  Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  8. 

Ber gamit 'gamit  an  :   beckoning,    swaying    in- 
wards; Ht.  Best. 

Menggamit:   to   beckon,     to   sway    inwards. 
Sundal  m. :  a  plant  (unidentified). 

Tergamit'gamit :  inclined  or  swaying  inwards ; 
Ht.  Koris. 


.\r 


(j**^V>     gamis.      [Arab.  kamh.  ]      A  shirt ;  Sh.  UL,  20. 


C^ 


v»U  gStmak.  I.  The  initiation  of  any  act;  any 
act  which  conveys  the  idea  that  something  is 
about  to  follow ;  a  threatening  gesture  (Ht. 
Hg.  Tuw.,  86)  ;  a  preliminary  act.  Tiyada  g. : 
he  dares  not ;  he  does  not  even  attempt  it. 

Menggamak :  to  threaten,  to  start  doing. 
M.  liulii  keris  :  to  let  one's  hand  fly  to  the  keris 
handle. 

n.  Guessing;  approximately  estimating  ;  = 
agak,  Gamak  kami  beli :  we  may  perhaps 
purchase;  Ht.  Best. 

Gamak-ganiah  :  approximately,  more  or  less. 
Gamak'gamak  mperti  orang  menyambal :  by 
approximation,  as  one  measures  out  the 
sambal ;  guessing  the  amount  required,  as  when 
a  man  helps  himself  to  spices;  Prov. 

*ti*U     S^'^^lOin.     Jav.     A   complete   set  of  musical 
^^  instruments  making  up  a  Javanese  band. 


r 


}^  gamam.  A  restless  or  uneasy  sensation  such 
as  that  of  a  man  who  is  restrained  from  taking 
part  in  anything  which  he  likes  and  which  he 
sees  going  on  before  him ;  the  desire  of  an 
interested  spectator  to  join  in  a  fight  or  dance 
(Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  112,  114);  restlessness  in 
response  to  surrounding  influences;  the  restless 
wakeful  feeling  which  prevents  a  would-be 
sleeper  from  lying  still  in  any  position  for  a 
prolonged  period. 

Gopoh  g. :  eager  haste. 


<^ 


)^  gamoh. 

water. 


large 


vessel  or  jug  for   storing 


•  ^  gana.    L    f  Arab.  jW  .J    Great,  of  God. 

n.     Skr.     Sangyang  Gana:    the  old  Hindu 
deity  Ganesha. 

HL     Guna-gana:     confused,     mentally   be- 
fogged, out  of  one's  senses. 

•K^  ganir.     Ejig.     Gunner  (as  a   nautical  term). 

I\S     ganas.     Fierce,  of  animals  ;  not  hesitating  to 


lt 


attack  men.  Harimau  g, :  a  man-eating  tiger ; 
Pel,  Abd.,  17.  Buwaya  yang  g. :  a  man-eating 
crocodile;  lit.  Raj.  Don.,  35. 


QANAP 


[    561    ] 


gIitar 


v\>      ganap.     Even,  of  numbers;  complete.   More 
commonly  genap,  q.  v. 

^O     gani.     A  proper  name ;  a  common   abbrevia- 
tion of  the  Arabic  'AbduH-ghdni. 

aU     gfitwa.     I.     P<?;^^^a?x^a  :  an  official  of  some  rank 
^  in  Java. 

11.    Pergawa  :  important  (halus  lagi  pergawa)  ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Ji  gawar.  A  token  or  mark  placed  across  a 
road  or  by  the  side  of  a  road  to  show  that 
traffic  is  prohibited. 

Gawav-gawar  or  gegawar  :   quarantine. 

9-  ^*'0     gaung.     A  dulled  sound  ;   noise  dulled  by  the 
t--^  interposition    of  a  wall   between    the  hearer 

and  the  source   of  the  disturbance ;  reflected 

sound;  reverberation  ;  echo. 

i'jS    gawang.     Shaking  a  stick  in  front  of  oneself 
^  so  as  to  prevent  a  dog  getting  near ;   keeping 

or  driving  anything  off  by  shaking  a  stick. 

ijy^    gaul.     Champor  gaul :  thoroughly  mixed  up, 
Ht.  Sh.  Mard.    An  intensitive  oi champor,  q.  v. 

^  ^    gawai.     1.     Jav.    A  tool   or    instrument    for 
^-/  effecting   anything;    an     agent.    Pegawai :    a 

representative,  an  agent,  a  District  Officer. 
II.     Layar  gawai :  a  topsail. 


etousness, 


jbO     &^^^^'     (Kedah.)     Lust,  longing,  cov 
^         desire,  cupidity. 


J^  gaya.      [Skr.  geya  ?]      Conduct,  manner,  tone, 
^  melody  ;  =  tingkah  and  ragam,     Basha    hindi 

rupa  gaya-nya  :  his  appearance  and  manners 
were  those  of  an  Indian  pasha ;  Sh,  Pr.  Turk., 
8.  Gaya  ustll :  manner  and  look ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  15. 

Bergaya :  in  an  affected  manner ;  mincing, 
self-conscious ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Tiyada 
bergaya  :  unconscious,  insensible,  confused ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Pel.  Abd.,  96. 
Luloh  lantak  segala  tulang-nya  tiyada  bergaya 
lagi  lain  mati :  his  bones  were  crushed  to 
atoms,  he  lost  consciousness  and  died  ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb. 

CUiO  ^ayat.  The  sensation  of  giddiness  felt  when 
standing  at  a  great  height ;  the  feeling  of 
nervousness  in  any  position  where  a  fatal  or 
dangerous  fall  is  suggested  to  the  mind.  G. 
hati :  nervous  terror  ;*Ht.  Best. 


K^  gayut.     Suspension  at   the   end  of  a   rope  or 
*'"^-         bough ;    swinging  from  bougli  to   bough  as  a 
monkey  on  a  tree. 

ij^U    gaing.     A  false  keel   which  does   not   extend 
C  along  the  whole  length  of  the  true  keel ;  a  sort 

of  shallow  fin -keel  of  wood. 


iju     gayang.     Lightness,  uselessness,  instability; 

^  want  of  firmness  or  virility;   unfruitfulness. 

Rasa  g. :  lightheadedness ;  the  sensation  of 
weakness  after  a  bad  night.  Badan  g, :  a  feel- 
ing of  unsteadiness  or  weakness  about  the 
body. 

iiu    Sayong.     I.     A  vessel  made  of  coco-nut  shell ; 
CI         half  a  coco-nut  shell  with  a  handle  attached 
to  it. 

II.     B er gay ong  :  io  kwce  or  box.    Also  main 
gayong. 


ro     gayam.      Buwah  gayam  :  the  Otaheite 
»  nut,    inocarpus    edidis.       Siput    g,  :    a 


chest- 
a    shell 


(unidentified). 


Ck^     gayun.       Menggayun :    to    sway,  to    rock,  = 
mengayiin.    See  aytm. 

4^0     gayau.     Buwah  gayau  :  a  hard  stony  fruit  used 
-^  in  playinir  some  Malav  erames. 


J 


\C^  ganyut.      Only   superficially    cooked ;     hard 
^■^  inside  (of  potatoes,  etc.) 

^\<^   ganyah.      Gonyoh-ganyah :    to  rub  down ;   to 
"  scrub  vigorously ;    an    intensitive  of  gonyoh, 

q.  v.     Also  gochoh-ganyah, 

jS    g^bar.      A   sheet   or    counterpane   of  coarse 
white  cloth. 

G.  gandan  :  a  white  counterpane  with  a  green 
border. 

^jS^  geb^TXaen.     Eng.      Government;    Ht.   Abd., 
461. 

^\j/S    gebemador.    [Fort,  gobemador,]    A  governor. 
.^   gebernor.     Eng.      A   governor;   Ht.   Abd., 


J^ 


223 


^  gdbu.      Soft  and  white ;   delicate  in   texture 
J^       and     colour.     G.    chantek :     daintily     pretty. 
Padr  g.  :  fine  light  sand. 

-  ^  sat.     I.     A  variant  of  niegai,  q.  v. 
IL     The  first  tooth  of  a  child. 

•  ^  git.  7'o'  git :  (Kedah)  the  caretaker  of  a 
mosque  {pcnghtUu  masjid) ;  an  abbreviation  of 
dato'  niasigit  (inasjid), 

\;5  g6ta.  [Pers.  kat  and  kit :  a  royal  throne ; 
Skr.  khatwa  :  id.]  A  sleeping  platform,  a 
divan,  a  broad  sofa  or  couch. 

G.  kerajaan :  a  royal  divan. 

G.  pevadtiwan  :  a  sleeping  platform ;  Ht.   GuL 
Bak.,  41. 

G.  ratena  :  a  variant  oi  peter  ana,  q.  v. 

•^  getar.      Quivering,  shivering,  trembling,   Sej. 
-^        Mai.,  56;  = /?e^ar.     Cf.    also  gemetar,   gentar, 
etc. 


gIjtang 


[  562  ] 


Q^DUBANG 


k^    gStang.     I.     Covering   tautly,  e.g,,    covering 
^        the  mouth  of  a  jar  with  a  piece  of  parchment 

tightly  stretched  across  it.    Cf.  ketang,  chekang, 

etc. 

IL      A   plant    (unidentified) ;     also     called 
(Kedah)  gegetang, 

\^  gStil.     Pinching,  nipping.    Bagai  belut  di-getil 

*-^      ekor :  like  an  eel  when  you  pinch   its  tail  (off 

like  lightning)  ;  a  proverbial  description   of  a 

hasty  departure.    Cf.  ketip,  ketam,  getavt,  getu 

and  kebam. 

i5     gfitam.     To  bite  the  upper  lip ;  cf.  kebam. 


^ 


gStU.  To  nip  between  the  finger  nails.  Cf. 
getil,  chubity  getam,  etc,  MenggiHi  kuman : 
**  to  kill  an  insect ;  "  (by  extension)  to  work  off 
etmui  by  exercise,  to  go  out  in  order  to  pass 
the  time. 


^^  gStah.  Latex  or  gum  produced  by  trees  ;  bird- 
lime ;  gum  generally;  cautchouc  ;  gutta.  Pokok 
g,:  a  cautchouc-yielding  tree.  Niyathati,  nak 
gUah  bayaity  sudah  getah  buroftg  serindit :  I 
wanted  to  lime  a  parrokeet  but  only  limed  a 
serindit;  I  got  something  but  not  exactly  what 
I  wanted ;  Prov.  Dmm  dapat  di4ayangy  getah 
jatoh  ka-perdu  juga :  leaves  may  be  borne  away 
by  the  breeze  but  the  gum  of  a  tree  falls  near  its 
base ;  a  man's  acquaintances  may  desert  him 
but  his  blood  relations  fall  with  him ;  Prov. 

G.  ipoh:  the  poisonous  sap  of  the  ipoh 
{antiaris  toxicaria) ;  the  vegetable  poison  used 
by  the  aborigines  on  their  darts. 

The  following  are  the  principal  varieties  of 
gutta  w4th  the  plants  from  which  they  are 
obtained : — 

G,  geharu  :  willnghbeia  cariacea. 

G.  geritf  g.  gegerit  or  g,  senggerit :  rubber 
vines  of  the  order  apocynacece  ;  v.  gerit, 

G,  hudang :  garcinia,  sp. 

G*  jelutong  :  dyer  a  costulata. 

G.  menjawa  :  =  g.  geharu, 

G.  percha  :  dichopsis  giUta. 

G,  percha  btirong :  payena  maingayi, 

G.  pttlai  :  alstonia  scholarts, 

G.  puyoh  :  leptaspis  tcrceolata, 

G.  susu  :  =  g,  jelutong, 

G.  taban  merah  :  =  g,  percha. 

G.  taban  puteh  :  dichopsis  obovata. 

G.  terap  :  artocarpus  ktmstleri, 

*^   gSti.     Geti'geti :  a  kind  of  cake. 

X  gdchar.     To  water  ( of  the  mouth ). 

\j3^  gSda-     Bergeda  :  dirty  ;  smeared  with  dirt. 

\jK^  gMabir.     Loose  folds  of  skin.    Also  gelmnbir, 
J*'  q.  v. 


O'^ 


Aj\jS    gSdabah.     A  hair  ornament  worn  by  women  ; 
KL,  Pijn.,  v.  d.  W. 

ijjS    gSdfibong.     L     A  cylindrical  box  of  bamboo 
^  (tabong)  fitted  with  a  cover. 

IL  A  square  piece  of  cloth  the  central 
portion  of  which  is  in  two  folds,  forming  a 
sort  of  pouch. 

M     gSdSbuk.     (Onom.)     The  sound    of  a  body 
falling  on  a  soft  surface. 

P^jS    gSdang.     L     (Properly   a  Sumatran    or  Java 

^  word.)     Great,    large.     Betawi    negcri    yang 

gedang:  Batavia,  that  great  city ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  28. 

IL  Menggedang :  (  Kedah )  opening  out  the 
arms  so  as  to  catch  or  intercept  ;  = 
mengadang,    Cf.  adang, 

i     ^gfidong.     An    office,   a  store,    a  magazine,  a 

^J^       **  godow^n.  *'    Sa-ekor  tikns  yang  jatoh  ka'dalam 

gcdong  beras  :   a  mouse  fallen  into  a  barn  ;  in 

luck;   Prov.    Ht.  Abd.,  10.    G.  tnwan  J. :  the 

**  godown  "  of  Mr.  J.     Also  gudang. 


^jT 


gSdongkeng.    (Kedah.)   Extreme  emaciation  ; 
=  (Riau,  Johor)  kidengkek. 


^  gSdik.      Tegedik-gedik  :      (Kedah)      shivering 
i3  acutely  with  cold  ;  —  stronger  than  terkitar- 

ketar, 

IJ5  gSdok  or  gfidtlk.  (Province  Wellesley.)  The 
drum  of  a  mosque,  used  for  summoning 
people  to  prayer  or  meetings  but  not  for 
musical  purposes.  Also  bedok  and  gendang 
ray  a. 

Geduk'gednk  :  (Kedah)  a  small  drum  beaten 
on  one  side  only.  The  performer  sits  on  the 
ground,  while  the  drum  rests  on  the  ground 
with  its  face  tilted  up  towards  the  drummer. 

^kJa^  g6d6gap.     (Penang.)     Very  coarse  or  rough, 
of  a  fabric  or  of  behaviour. 

"     jX^  gSdombang.      Siput     gidombang :      a     shell 
t^  (unidentified). 

jS  gfidombak,  A  drum  used  in  ma'yong  per- 
formances ;  it  is  beaten  on  one  side  only,  the 
other  side  tapering  away  to  a  point.  Terlalu 
sangat  gemnroh  btmyi  gendang  gedombak  :  very 
loud  was  the  sound  of  the  drums  and  gedombak; 
Ht.  Koris. 

Orang   Siyam   main   menora, 

Puktd  gedombak   kerachap   bambti ; 

Sunggoh  berdiyam,   dengan   berkera, 
Supaya  jangan   terkena  semu  : 

the  Siamese  are  giving  a  menora  performance  ; 
they  are  beating  the  gMombak  and  using  their 
castanets. 


K^ 


Cy  Ach.,  I. 


An  Achinese  broadsword ;  Sh.  Pr. 


g^dSmbai 


[  563  ] 


G^RUT 


t^ 


ji^ 


g6d6mbai  or  ggdumbai.  (Kedah,)  The 
name  of  a  great  magician;  (Riau,  Johor) 
San^  Kelemhai.  Mulut  hang  lebeh  daripada 
gedemhai :  your  mouth  is  more  than  a  wonder- 
worker ;  you  quite  outdo  even  Kelemhai  if  you 
are  to  be  beheved  ;  Prov. 

gSd^mi.  Ikan  gedcnii  :  (Kedah)  the  sucking- 
fish  ;  (Riau,  Johor)  ikan  genii, 

g6du.  A  musical  instrument  used  in  a  ma' 
yong ;  better  geduk-gMnk ;  v.  geduk, 

gSdubil.  Muka  gedubil :  (Kedah)  trying  to 
look  indifferent ;  affected  stoicism  ;  shame- 
lessness ;  brazening  a  thing  out. 


f^jS   S^di.     ( Penan g.)     Extreme  cold  ;  cf.  gedik. 

"it 


^1; 


gSrapak.     (Kedah.)    Startling  ;  attempting  to 

frighten.  Kapada  sehaya  jangan  gerapak :  do 
not  try  to  frighten  me  (I  am  not  to  be 
bluffed). 

Bnnyi   meriyam   di-daUun  kiibu, 
Gerapak   sehaja,    hukan  peltiru  : 

there  is  the  sound  of  cannon  firing  in  the  fort, 
but  though  they  startle  they  only  fire  blank 
charges ;  a  proverbial  reply  to  empty  bluster. 


i\C^g6rapai.     Menggerapai :   to   fumble  with  the 
^^       hands  ;  to  feel  about.    Cf.  rapai. 

S\S    gfiragas.      Menggeragas :  to    comb  down  the 
'^^  -^       hair  over  the  forehead   into  a  sort  of  fringe. 
Also  (Kedah)  geregas. 


g6ra.  Reminding,  drawing  one's  attention 
to  anything, 

gerabang.  Gembang  pari :  (Kedah)  strips  of 
salted  pari  fish  prepared  for  preservation  as 
food. 


^  \  ^  gdrabak.     (Kedah).     The  red  squirrel,  scinrus 
^*y       bicolor  ;  =  (Riau,  Johor)  kerawak, 

m:^p    gdrachang.     Emas  geradumg  :  tinsel,  Ht.  Sh. 
Qj^       Kub.     Usually  emas  keranchang, 

.jp\C^  gfirangan.      Perhaps;   perchance;    possibly; 

^"■^^  an  idiomatic  expression  giving  a  suggestion  of 
doubt  or  interrogation  to  the  sentence  in  which 
it  occurs.  Bagaimana  gerangan  inimpi  yang- 
dipertuwan :  what  then,  perchance,  was  Your 
Majesty's  dream ;  Cr.  Gr.,  45.  Wah,  bnlan 
pernama  gerangan  jatoh  daripada  langit  yang 
keempat  itu :  Oh  1  can  it  be  that  the  full  moon 
has  fallen  from  its  place  in  the  fourth  heaven  ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  14. 

The  primitive  form  gerang  or  garang  is  very 
rare. 

yi\S    gfirangau.     To  scratch  ;  better  gerengaic,  q.  v. 


g3ragau.  A  small  shrimp.  Sungkor  geragau  : 
to  sprawl  and  draw  the  open  hand  through 
mud  so  as  to  find  any  shell-fish  or  shrimps 
buried  in  that  mud ;  to  sprawd  generally. 

gSrahaxn.  A  molar  tooth.  Usually  gereham 
or  gerham  or  (Kedah)  geham. 

ij\  ^  gfirayang.  Menggerayang  :  to  go  about  pick- 
C^  ing  up  rice  abandoned  in  the  field  by  its 
owner  as  not  worth  collecting ;  to  snap  up  ill- 
considered  trifles ;  to  fish  about  for  odds  and 
ends  ;  to  ** sponge  "  or  ""  cadge  "  for  meals  or 
for  anything  one  can  get. 

j^^  gSrSbang.       Spread    out,     extended.      Pintu 
Qjr        g,:  double  doors,     gates;    the   main   gate   or 

entrance  to  a  palace;    Ht.    Hg.    Tuw.,   102; 

Ht.  Sg.  Samb.     Also  kcrchang, 

Menggerebang :  to  open  out  or  spread  out, 
especially  of  hair  being  opened  out.  RambiiU 
nya  menggerebang :  her  hair  was  loose,  ix.^ 
not  fastened  but  allowed  to  spread  over  her 
shoulders;  Ht.  Abd.,  313,  481. 


g§r6bong.     A  granary.     Also  kerubong. 

Spreading,    to   be   diffused, - 


I. 


ggrebak. 

of  odour. 

n  A  noisy  clapper  used  for  keeping 
squirrels  and  other  vermin  from  attacking  the 
fruit  on  a  tree.  It  is  made  of  split  bamboo 
and  is  worked  by  pulling  a  string. 


0/ 


ggrat.     (Ononi.) 
gerit,  etc. 


A  rasping  sound.    Cf,  kevat 


gSrit.  I.  (Onom.)  A  scraping  sound; 
the  sound  of  a  mouse  gnawing ;  any  action 
which  produces  such  a  sound.  Kain  mas- 
tidi  di-dalani  bungkusan,  di-gerii  tikus  apa 
guna-nya  :  you  may  have  the  best  cloth  done 
up  in  a  parcel,  but  if  a  mouse  nibbles  at  it 
will  the  cloth  l)e  of  any  use  ;  a  small  injury 
may  do  incalculable  harm  ;  Prov. 

H.  Ikan  gerit'gerit :  a  small  edible  fresh- 
water fish  (unidentified).     Also  ikan  geglrit, 

HI.  Akar  gerit-gerit  or  akar  gegerit :  a 
generic  name  for  a  number  of  rubber  vines 
belonging  to  the  order  apocynacece.  Also 
senggerit. 

Gegerit  best  :  w  ill  ugli  beta  fir  ma.  Also.  ;!^. 
hit  am. 

G.  merah  :  urceola  lucida  and  chonemorpha 
macrophylla. 

G.  nasi :  urceola  lucida, 

G.  puteh  :  .-  urceola  brachysepala, 

G.  sundek  :  leuconotis  eugenicefolius. 

G,  tembaga  :  urceola  elastica. 


^/ 


gfirut.     I.      (Onom.)     A    rasping   sound;    cf. 
gerat  and  gerit, 
H.     Ikan  gerut-gerut :  a  lish  (unidentified). 


aiRfeTAK 


[  564  ] 


aiRiK 


jjl^    gdrStak.     I.     (Onom.)     The  sound  of  much 

rapping  or  tapping;  any  action  which  gives 
out  such  a  sound  ;  to  keep  rapping  ;  to  keep 
knocking  one's  heels  against  a  hard  surface. 
K^na  g. :  to  get  a  thrashing  with  a  slipper  or 
any  similar  object;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  51. 

Menggeretakkan  kuda  :  (of  a  rider)  to  keep 
knocking  one's  heels  against  the  flank  of  a 
horse ;  to  urge  on  a  horse  with  blows  from 
the  heel ;  Ht.  Abd.,  37. 

IL     (Kedah.)     A  bridge.     See  also  keretak. 


..^  ggretek 


I.    (Onom.)    The  sound  of  repeated 
ticking  or  clicking. 


sjp     gerfitok.     I.     (Onom.)     A  dull  sound  such  as 

that  of  a  cloth  being  shaken  out  or  of  a  carpet 
being  beaten. 

1 1.     Minggeretok   kuman  :  to  work  off  ennui 
or  dullness  by  exercise ;  =  inenggehi  kuman. 


f/ 


gdrStam.     (Onom.)     To    stamp    the   foot   in 
anger. 


\jS  gSrda.  [Skr.  gariida.]  The  ''garuda"  or 
eagle  of  the  Hindu  divinity  Vishnu ;  a  fabu- 
lous bird  often  mentioned  in  old  Malay  tales; 
Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.,  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
Also  geroda. 

y*^P    gerSdas.     A  backward  jerk  or  stroke  with  the 


thumb-nail 


I3S  gSrSdak.  (Onom.)  A  sound  such  as  that  of  a 
heavy  box  being  shut  or  of  people  dancing 
on  a  wooden  flooring  or  of  carts  rumbling 
over  a  bridge.  Geredok-geredak :  the  same 
sound  but  repeated  in  varying  degrees  of 
intensity ;  Sh.  Kamp,  Boy.,  10. 


i:>^  gSrddok.    See  ge 

3<^gir6dam 

r  -^      repeated 


re  dak. 


(Onom.)    To  slam ;   the  sound  of 
slamming  or  ramming.    Geredum- 
^eridam :  the   same     sound     if    repeated   in 
varying  degrees  of  intensity. 


^J>^  g6r6di 

r  ^       in  ton 


ium.     (Onom.)     A  sound  rather   deeper 
in  tone  than  that  described  by  geredain,  q,  v. 

lS^^    ggrdi    or    gurdi.     An   auger,    a   drill.     Also 
gerodi, 

^  gSrus.     Rubbing  the  asperities  off  anything 
UVr       so  as    to   give  it   a  smooth   surface ;    sand- 
papering ;  polishing ;  smoothing. 


coarse 


^^  gSrdsek  or  (Kedah)    ggrdsik.    Gravel, 

sand.  Saperti  geresek  di-pantai  :  as  the  sands 
of  the  beach  (in  number) ;  countless,  innumer- 
able ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg,,  Ht.  Sh.,  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.,  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.     Also  kerhek. 


If 


If 


If 


ggrang.  I.  Cosmetic  obtained  by  heating 
certain  materials  till  a  kind  of  oil  is  exuded. 
G.  tempurong :  a  cosmetic  obtained  in  this  way 
from  copra. 

n.  Perchance,  perhaps ;  Cr.  Gr.,  45. 
Usually  gerangan,  q.  v. 

gSring.  Illness  (of  a  raja) ;  =  sakit,  but 
limited  in  use  to  language  regarding  persons 
of  royal  descent.  Maka  Sultan  gering-lah  :  the 
Sultan  fell  ill;  Ht.  Abd.,' 422 ;  Sej.  Mai., 
71.  G,  hulu  :  a  headache  (in  courtly  language); 
Ht.  Koris.  G,  hendak  be ranak  :  child-heaving; 
Ht-  Hamz.,  3. 

gSrong.  I.  (Onom.)  Menggerong :  to  growl, 
of  a  wild  animal. 

n.     Ikan  gerong  :  a  fish  (unidentified). 

gerengseng.  I.  A  bronze  vessel  used  in 
cooking;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  22. 

n.  Jav.  A  class  of  patterns  in  batek  sarongs. 
G.  wayang :  one  of  these  patterns;  Ht.  Gh. ; 
Ht.  Sh.;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya;  Sh.  Bid.,  6;Sh. 
Ken.  Tab.;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  G,  sangupati  (Ht. 
Sh.) ,  and  g,  lelakon  ramayana  (Ht.  Perb. 
Jaya),  other  varieties  of  patterns. 


j^  <^  ggronggang.     I.     Hollow,    deficient  in  con- 
CT-^      tents  or  core,  empty. 
n.     See  g^ronggong. 

J^y    geronggong.     I.     A  tall  tree  with  small  deep 
CI    "^       red  flow^ers ;  cratoxylon  arborescens.     Also  called 
geronggang, 

n.      A     large  goitre-like    swelling   on    the 
neck. 

HI.     A  stinging  medusa  or  jelly-fish. 

Apy  gdrSngau.  (Kedah.)  Clawing  or  scratching ; 
scraping  as  one  scrapes  the  sides  of  a  cooking 
pot. 

A^  garfu.      [Port,  garfo.]     A  table  fork. 


3p    gSrop.     (Kedah.)     Projecting   and   scarce, 
the  teeth  of  an  old  man. 


as 


u35^  gfirup.     A  portion  of  the  Malay  loom  in  which 
the  comb  (sisir)  is  fixed. 

A3S    gerepoh.     A  fish  (unidentified), 

(3^  gSrak.  I.  Movement;  motion;  bestirring 
oneself.  G.  hati  :  emotional  impulse  of  any 
sort. 

Bergcrak  :  to  move  ;  to  stir.  Tiyada-lah  btdeh 
bergerak :  unable  to  move ;  Ht.  Abd.,  104, 
206. 


GEROK 


[    565    3 


G&RINDA 


^ 


Menggerakkan  :  to  move,  to  give  motion  to. 
M.  kepala  :  to  move  one's  head ;  to  incline 
one*s  head;  Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  21. 

Gerak  is  sometimes  used  without  hati  to 
signify  "emotion,"  *Move,"  or  "inclination/' 
Jadi  chonderong  dan  bergerak-gerak  kapada 
kekaseh  antara  laki  isteri  :  mutual  inclinations 
and  impulses  towards  affection  will  spring  up 
between  husband  and  wife  ;  Muj.,  30. 

II.     (Onom.)     To  crack ;  a  cracking  sound. 

gSrok.     I.     A  wrapper  of  leaf  used  to  prevent 

heavy  fruit  (such  as  the  chempedak  and  the 
nangka)  falling  to  the  ground  under  the  strain 
of  its  own  weight. 

II.  (Onom.)  A  sound  resembling  that 
described  by  gerak  but  duller  in  degree. 

gurg.     Pers.    A  wolf;  Mahk.  Raj.,  126. 

iSr^J^  gSrgaji.  A  saw.  G.  parang  and  g.  tangan : 
varieties  of  the  saw.  A  bok  g, :  saw-dust.  Saperti 
gergaji  diiwa  mata  :  Hke  a  double-edged  saw  ; 
treacherous,  double-faced;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
II.,  139.  Yu  g.  :  the  saw-nosed  shark  or 
large  saw-fish. 

Also  (Kedah)  gaji-gaji  and  gegaji. 


df 


^ 


}sy  g^j^f 


asi.  Skr.  ?  An  ogre  or  goblin;  an 
evil  spirit  of  the  biita  and  raksasa  type ;  the 
name  given  by  Malays  to  the  aborigines  of 
Kedah  who  are  represented  as  tusked  man- 
eating  monsters.  ^  lya  tiyada  buleh  menchiyum 
bau  manusiya  karena  asal-nya  raja  itii  daripada 
gergasi  dan  sa-belah  ayah-nya  daripada  raksasa : 
the  prince  could  not  stand  the  smell  of  man 
for  he  was  a  gergasi  by  origin  on  his  mother's 
side  and  a  raksasa  on  his  father's ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Luroh   buwah    di-tahan   tampong, 
J  atoll    terletak   tiyada   merekah ; 

^  I  bar  at   laksana  gergasi  birsiyong, 
Senentiyasa   meminum  darah  : 

like  the  tusked  gergasi  who  is  always  drinking 
blood. 


J-/ 


ggregas. 


See  geragas. 


gSrSgak.     I.     (Onom.)     A    bamboo    clapper 

used    for  frightening  squirrels  from    a   fruit- 
bearing  tree.     Also  gerebak  and  geregoL 

II.  Geregak'geregau  :  opening  and  closing 
the  hands;  (by  metaphor)  darting  about  in 
search  of  food. 


r5y     gSrSgok.     See  geregak,  I. 


I  In  the  Kedah  Annals  (Hikayat  Marong  Mahawangsa) 
the  early  founders  of  the  state  are  represented  as  having 
found  Kedah  inhabited  by  the  Gergasi  and  as  having  inter- 
married with  them.  In  consequence  of  this,  one  of  the  later 
princes  became  tusked  and  took  to  cannibalism,  losing  his 
kingdom  as  the  consequence  of  his  crimes.  In  the  Hikayat 
Parang  Puting,  the  contemptuous  coefficient  ekor  is  applied 
to  a  Gergasi.  The  name  Ghgasi  is  still  given  to  the 
aborigines  of  Kedah  and  the  old  beliefs  prevail  to  this  day 
regarding  the  tusks. 


SS  gSrSgau.  Menggeregau  :  to  claw ;  to  hold  the 
hand  in  the  shape  of  the  claw  of  a  bird. 
Geregak-geregati :  v,  geregak.  Cf.  chekau  and 
kerekau, 

y\^S    gSrgahayu.     A  variant  of  dergahayu,  q.  v. 

^P    gSrgling.     Mmggereling :  to  give  a  side  glance; 
Cf        =:  mengerelingy  from  kereling,  q.  v. 

\^P    gSrSlap.     A  variant  of  kerelap,  q.  v. 

\^  ggram.     I.    [Dutch  geraamte,]     The  wooden 
K        framework  of  a  house. 

II.  Warmth  of  courage  or  passion,  Di- 
tahan-nya  geram  di-dalam  chita :  he  suppressed 
the  passionate  burst  of  his  feelings;  Sh.  Sri, 
Ben.,  50.  Memberi  g. :  to  excite,  to  impassion  ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub.    Naik  ^. :  to  become  excited. 

Menggeram:  to  feel  angry  or  excited;  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  81 ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

\^  g§rim.      [Dutch  grein,]     Kain  gerim  :  a  coarse 
K        flannel  cloth. 

mP    g6remit.     (Penang.)     An  auger,  a  drill. 

^C^  gSremut.     Menggeremttt :  to  thtoh,  of  a  boil. 
-^      Cf.  nmt,  temntf  etc. 

,j»^,^„^  <^  ggramsut.     A  rich  cloth  fabric  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

•    ^  gfirdmang.     MenggerSmang  :  to  bristle  up,  of 
Jlr       short  hair. 

^u   ^  gerSmpagi.     A    weapon    mentioned    in   the 
(J\^j>       Hikayat  Hamza  (p.  79). 

.  \^  ggrun.     Panic,  alarm  ;  vague  fears  ;  sensations 
^^      of  terror  without  visible  cause ;  nervousness ; 
the  fear  of  the  unknown.     Kambing  g. :  the 
wild  goat  of  Malaya.     Cf.  ngerun. 

\ .  <^  gornador.      [Port,    gobemador.]     Governor  ; 
J'^^r      Marsd.  Gr.,  140.    Also gebernador  and  gebernor, 

1^  <^  gSrgntang.    (Onom.)  Mmggerintang  , 
C-^      a  row,  to  create  a  disturbance. 


>  to  make 


•  *  ^  gSrfintam.     (Onom.)    Menggerentam  :  to  make 
f^^      a  noise  by  stamping  the  feet  on  a  wooden  floor 
or  by  slamming  doors  or  anything  similar. 


r^/ 


gSrinjam.     An  instrument  for  cleaning  out 
the  interior  of  anything ;  an  ear-cleaner. 


gfirSnchang.     (Onom.)     A  clanging  noise. 

m^^  ggronchong.     A  variant  of  k^ronchong,  q.  v. 

jj  p    gSrinda.     Batu  gerinda  :  a  whetstone ;  a  stone 
^      used    for    filing    teeth.     Also   (Kedah)    batu 
gerindam. 


71 


GiRENDENO 


[    566    ] 


GiRIGEK 


p-Hr     gfirendeng.     Snappish,  irritable. 

pJjS    gSrondong.     L     Siput    g^rondong :    a    shell 
^  (unidentified). 

II .     A  goitre-like  swelling  on  the  neck.     Also 

geronggong  and  gondong, 

f^H^  gfiriixdam.  I.  \T^mi\  kirandam;  Skr.  gmntha.'] 
A  smart  saying  or  apposite  quotation ;  a  tag  of 
proverbial  poetry ;  a  clever  but  not  original 
remark;  Cr,  Gr.,  82 ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  4,  8, 152. 

Berg^rindam  :  to  quote  a  proverbial  saying. 
II.     Batu  girindam  :  (Kedah)  a  whetstone,  a 
stone  for  filing  the  teeth.     Also  batu  gerinda. 

k^^  ggrSnnyeng.     To   show   the  teeth ;   to  snarl 
G-^       (of  a  dog) ;  to  grin  (of  a  monkey). 

A-Jp    gSrSimyau.     Over-talkativeness  (in  a  young 
"^-^       girl  or  in  anyone  to  whom  silence  is  befitting). 

tkS    gSrau.     A  cook  in  a  palace. 

*  S    g®3^-     Menggeru  :  to  trumpet,  of  an  elephant ; 
-i^       Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

jOaS   gSrubong.     Menggerubong :    to    gnaw    (of  a 
Gr*^       squirrel  or  rat) ;  =  kerebok, 

.     ^  gSrobok.     I.     Jav.     A  chest  or  almeirah  for 
^-2^      storing  crockery. 

II.  Menggerobok:  to  give  out  a  babbling 
noise ;  to  bubble  up  or  boil  up,  of  water.  Also 
jnembobok, 

•      <^  gSruwit.     Menggemwit :   to   wriggle,  to  twist 
^"^X^      about, — as   a  worm   coming  out  of  its  hole. 
Also  menguwit. 

^.^    <^  gSrutup.     (Onom.)     A  noise  such  as  the  roll 
-2>^      of  artillery  fire. 

J)    C^  gSrutU.     Rough,  coarse  ;  also  kerutti,  q.  v. 

3a p    g§roda.     The  eagle  of  Vishnu  ;  v.  gerda, 

.^   <^gSrodak.     (Onom.)     A     continuous     clatter 

^  -*^      such   as   is   made    by   beating   about  a  stick 
against  the  sides  of  a  box. 

V    <^  ggrodi  or  ggrudi.     Tam.    An  auger,  Ht,  Ind. 
^P  Jt^      Nata.     Also  gurdi, 

d^^P    gSropoh.    Minggeropoh  :  to  splash. 

\5\^  gSrugul.     I.     A  sort  of  marquee  or  pavilion. 

II.  H antu  gerugul :  *dn  evil  spirit  haunting 
secondary  jungle  and  believed  by  Malays  to 
be  endowed  with  the  power  of  striking 
intruders  dumb. 

^^f  gSrogoh  or  ggruguh.  (Kedah.)  A  trap  for 
shrimps,  prawns,  etc. 


ydj^y    gSruning.     A  species  of  lizard  (unidentified). 

,j-^.  5^^  gSronyot.      A  thrill,   a   twinge   of  pain   for 
tJ/^      which  no  external  cause  can  be  seen. 

(bS    gSrah.     A  variant  of  kerahf  q.  v. ;  Sh.  Sri.  Ben., 
33 ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  7,  55, 

(^P    g6roh.     I.      Inherent  misfortune ;  persistent 
^      ill-luck   dogging  a  person,  in    contradistinc- 
tion  to   occasional  or   apparently   fortuitous 
misfortune. 

II.  (Onom.  ?)  Mmggeroh  :  to  trumpet,  of  an 
elephant ;  to  cry  out  in  mental  agony ;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg.    Cf.  gem. 

.  \  1^  C^  ggrhana.  [Skr.  grahdna,]  Eclipse.  G,  mata- 
^  ^  hart  dan  bulan  :  eclipses  of  the  sun  and  of  the 
moon ;  Ht.  Abd.,  356,  380.  Mengapa-lah 
puchat  ttiwan  laksana  gerhana  :  why  are  you  pale 
as  (the  moon)  in  eclipse ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  152. 
Kena  gerhana  :  (by  metaphor)  to  incur  misfor- 
tune (when  speaking  of  a  great  man).  Dalam 
kena  gerhana  :  in  his  sorrows  or  troubles. 

1ft  ^  gfirShak.     To  cough  up  phlegm  ;  coughing  to 
get  something  out  of  the  throat. 

jbp    gfirSham  or  gfirham.    A  molar  tooth.    Gigi 
r  g, :  id.     G.  bongsu :  a  wisdom    tooth.      Also 

gaham  and  geraham, 

^   gSrai.     A    sleeping  dais     or     platform.    The 
^J^      word  is  used  especially   of  the  bridal -bed  and 
of  the  platform   on   which   a  newly-confined 
woman  is  laid. 

^  P    geri.     A  slight,  almost  unconscious  movement ; 
-^       shrugging  the  shoulders  instinctively. 

^^gSreja,      [Port,  igreja,]     Church;  Ht.   Abd., 
^       59,    431.      Bttrong   g.  :    the    common  house- 
sparrow  ;  Cr. 

^  <^  gSrichau.      Menggerichaa^ :  to    talk  in   sharp 
Jt^y      shrill  tones;  to  utter  sharp  notes  (of  a  bird). 
Also  merichan. 

k^p    gfirising.     A  variant  of  kerising,  q.  v. 

4^^<^g6resah.     (Kedah.)    Longing,  pining.      Geri- 

"^      yang'geresah  :  intense  longing;  =  rindu  dendam. 


tf 


ggriyang.     I.     A    large    water-lizard;    J.   S. 
A.  S.,  VIII.,  120. 
II.     Geriyang'geresah  :    intense    longing;  v. 


glresah. 


lip    gfiriyak.     Spitting  up  from  the  throat,  hawk- 
ing.    Cf.  gerehaL 

ir^y    gfirigis.     Jagged,  as  the  edge  of  a  rusty  knife. 
^^  Cf.  gigi  and  girigi. 

J^^p    gSrigek.     A  fish  (unidentified). 


g£rigi 


[  567  ] 


GONGGONG 


fj^J>    gdrigi.     Tooth-edged,  serrated.     Cf.  gigi  and 
gBrigis. 

^^^    gSrenek.     Short  and  slight,  of  size ;  tremulous 
and  low,  of  sound.     Cf.  reneL 

^J^    g^reneh.     Mourning,  lamentation ;  Kl. 

j5  gaz.  Pers.  A  measure  of  length  approximately 
equal  to  a  depa  or  a  little  under  6  feet.  Sa- 
hiwah  biikit'tinggi  lima  ribti  gaz  :  a  hill  of  the 
height  of  5,000  gaz ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz,  Panjang-nya 
hamparan  itii  enam  ratus  gaz :  a  carpet  twelve 
hundred  yards  long;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  58, 
Kopiyah  lima  gaz  tinggi-nya :  a  cap  thirty  feet 
high ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  26. 

^j-5  gas.  Eng.  Gas;  Ht.  Abd.,355, 444.  Minyak 
g.  :  (Straits  Settlements)  kerosene  oil. 

^jS  gUS.  Off,  away,  together, — in  certain  idiomatic 
expressions.  Dengan  sa-kali gtis  :  all  together. 
Tiga  kali  gtis :  three  times  together ;  three 
times  collectively. 

The  addition  of  gus  to  kali  gives  it  a  col- 
lective meaning ;  e.g.,  di-tembak-nya  tiga  kali  : 
they  fired  three  shots ;  di-tembak-nya  tiga  kali 
gus :  they  fired  three  volleys  in  succession ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  424. 

^Z,^  gusta.     (Kedah.)     Leprosy;  better  kusta,  q.  v. 


^*^' 

^ 


gUStum.  A  champion.  G,  hidubalang :  a 
champion  among  warriors ;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy,,  8. 

gUSti.  I.  [  Jav.  and  Balinese.]  A  title  given 
to  members  of  the  Vaisya  or  third  Caste ;  a 
title  of  considerable  distinction  in  states 
where  members  of  the  two  higher  castes  were 
few  in  number ;  master,  lord  (Ht.  Sh.) ;  a 
term  of  endearment  (Ht.  Sg.  Samb.) ;  an 
equivalent  for  tuwan  (Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  76). 

n.  Pers.  Wrestling.  Bergmti  :\.ov^vQsi\^; 
Sej,  Mai.,  58;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Bermain  ber- 
gusti  :  id. ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  14.  Berlawan  bergtisti: 
to  have  a  wrestling  contest ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  52. 

gSsak.  A  slight  shift  or  change  of  position  ; 
cf.  kisak. 


gang.  A  brazier*s  chisel.  G.  btdat:  a  brazier's 
chisel  with  a  rounded  end.  G.  ranchong :  the 
same  with  a  sharp  cut  point. 


^  gong.     (Onom.  ?)    A  gong ;  Ht.  Abd.,  205  ;  Sh. 

CT  Bid.,  84;  Ht.  Sh.  The  gong  proper  is  distin- 
guished from  the  chanang  in  that  it  has  a 
hemispherical  protuberance  in  the  centre 
while  the  chanang  is  plain.  Pemukul  g,  :  the 
wooden  striker  of  a  gong. 

Gong  tawak'tawak  (Sh.  Panj.  Sg.),  g.simboyan 
(Ht.  Sh.  Mard.),  'g,  ributjaya  (Ht.  Mas.  Ed.), 
g.pelatmg  (Ht.  Raj.  Don.) :  different  kinds  of 
gongs  mentioned  in  romance. 


^j*»A5  gangsa.  I.  [Skr.  kdngsya.]  Bell-metal ; 
bronze. 

n.     [Skr.  hansa.]     A  goose  ;  usually  angsa, 
q.  v.    Perhaps  from  the  Dutch  gans. 

^JS  gangsi.  Menggangsi:  (Kedah)  to  perfume 
cloth  (by  smoking  it  with  incense)  ;  = 
mengnknp. 


gangga.  [Skr.  gangga,]  The  deified  Ganges, 
Betara  G.  ;  id.  In  Malay  romances  ^a^^^g^a  is 
often  used  indefinitely  as  the  name  of  a 
fabulous  animal  or  as  an  adjective  in  the  des- 
cription of  a  fabulous  animal  ;  e.g.,  gangga  apt 
melayang  (Ht.  Sh.  Kub.),  nila  gangga  (Ht. 
Koris),  naga  gangga  (Ht.  Koris),  gangga  kala 
Ht.  Sh.). 


ijV^i^  g6nggayang 

C  £[avani{'S^ayan 


A   tree     (unidentified).     Also 


gayang'gayang. 


sJiT 


^ 


^ 


ganggut.  Grazing  ;  cropping  the  grass,  of  an 
animal.  Kalau  bertnnas  di-ganggtU  kambing  :  if 
it  puts  forth  a  shoot,  the  shoot  is  bitten  in 
two  by  a  goat ;  a  proverbial  expression  des- 
cribing the  condition  of  a  man  whose  small 
hard-earned  profits  are  all  swallowed  up  by 
misfortunes,  or  of  an  invalid  whose  attempts  to 
pick  up  strength  are  all  frustrated  by  accidents 
just  as  they  begin  to  promise  well. 


ganggang.  I.  Warming  before  the  fire ; 
toasting ;  slowly  roasting  in  front  of  (and  not 
on)the  cooking-range.  B er ganggang :  to  toast ; 
to  roast  before  the  fire  ;  Sh.  Ul.,  32. 

n.     A  variant  of  gagajig,  q.  v. 

genggang.  Kain  genggang  :  a  striped  cloth 
fabric. 

genggeng.  I.  Carrying  between  the  teeth, 
=  gonggong,  but  confined  in  use  to  cases  where 
only  a  very  small  portion  of  the  object  carried 
is  held  between  the  teeth. 

H.     The  name  of  a  shell,  nautilus  pompilius. 

genggong.  A  sort  of  native  Jew's  harp  made 
of  bamboo;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  VIIL,  96. 


*^[^gonggong  or  (Kedah)  gunggong.  L  Seiz- 
C/^  ing  and  carrying  oflf  between  the  teeth.  Sapirti 
anjing  menggongong  tulang :  (snarling)  as  a 
dog  when  it  carries  off  a  bone  ;  Prov.,  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  23  ;  Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  18  ;  Sh.  Ch. 
Ber.,  7.  A  njing  gonggong  bangkai  :  a  dog  carry- 
ing off  a  carcase;  a  proverbial  simile  for 
a  dirty  and  ill-tempered  beast.  Gagak  gonggong 
telor :  a  crow  with  an  egg  in  its  mouth, — 
appearing  even  blacker  by  contrast ;  an  ugly 
woman  beautifully  dressed  only  to  appear 
uglier  by  contrast ;  Prov.  Dendang  gunggong 
telor :  (Kedah)  id. 

Sa-ekor  naga  di4autan  China, 
Di-gonggong  kumbang,    di-bawa-nya  lari : 


G^NGOAM 


t    568    ] 


GUL 


^ 


^ 


^ 


^ 


a  dragon  in  the  China  Sea  has  been  seized  in 
a  humble-bee's  fangs  and  has  been  carried 
oif;  a  proverb  ridiculing  a  mesalliance;  Ht. 
Abd.,  409. 

Daun  petal   luroh   berdBngong ; 

Buwah  rmniyah   dari  Pitani ; 
Semut  gatal   ^nak  gunggong  gimong, 

Sa-bagai-mana  dunya   ta^-sunyi : 

the  ants  are  itching  to  carry  off  the  mountains, 
how  comes  it  that  the  earth  is  not  a  desert  ? 
— -2l  proverbial  quatrain  ridiculing  absurd 
ambition.     Cf.  genggeng, 

IL  Menggonggong  :  to  sing  to  the  accompani- 
ment of  a  tambourine  (rebana). 

III.  A  generic  name  given  to  a  number  of 
shells:  strombtcs  urceaSy  stronibus  isabella,  and 
others.  Sa-ekorg,:  one  of  these  shells;  Ht. 
Koris. 

G.  bugis :  a  shell  ;  voluta  sp. 

G.  mulut  merah :  a  shell ;  conus  sp. 

ggnggam.  Grasp ;  seizure  in  the  closed 
hand.  Di-genggam-nya  tangan-nya :  he  closed 
his  fist. 

G.  kera  :  a  monkey's  grip;  a  grip  that  never 
lets  go  ;  Prov. 

Sa-genggam :  a  handful ;  as  much  as  the 
closed  hand  will  contain. 

Sireh  genggam :  the  name  given  to  a  supporter 
of  a  Malay  bridegroom  corresponding  in  some 
slight  degree  to  our  **  best  man.** 

Genggamkan  :  to  seize  in  the  closed  hand, 
claw,  or  mouth;  to  close  the  hand.  Di- 
genggamkan  dengan  ktiku-nya  yang  kanan :  it 
(the  garuda)  seized  (the  ship)  with  its  right 
talons  ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

Jangan  di-genggam   bara, 
Rasa   hangat  di-lepaskan : 

never  touch  burning  embers,  you  will  only 
drop  them  on  feeling  them  burn ;  Marsd. 
Gr.,  210. 

Genggamkan  is  used  (Muj.,  93)  of  closing 
the  mouth  (genggamkan  mulut),  and  ter genggam 
(Ht.  Mar.  Mah.),  of  a  ship  being  seized  in  the 
beak  of  a  bird.   This  use  is  rare  ;  cf.  gonggong. 

ganggU.  Importunity ;  annoyance ;  worry- 
ing ;  insistence ;  constant  enquiry  or  depreca- 
tion. Ganggukan :  to  vex,  to  trouble,  to 
importune  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  48.  Menggangu  ;  id. ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

gap.  L  (Onom.)  A  dull  sound  such  as  that 
made  by  the  fall  of  a  hard  substance  on  a  soft 
substance. 

IL  [Hind,  guft.]  Scandal,  lies;  false 
reports  or  slanders;  "gup." 

gup.  I.  (Onom.)  A  dull  sound  such  as  that 
described  by  the  word  gap,  but  duller  in 
intensity. 


jjiS    ggpok.     I.     A  Malay  sweetmeat. 

II .  Plump,  of  children.     Cf.  gemok, 

III.  A  small  silver  tobacco-box  somewhat 
resembling  a  watch.  It  is  carried  about 
attached  to  a  scarf  or  sapu-tangan, 

sJlj    gapura.     Skr.  ?     Pintugapm^a:  the  main  gate 
-^--^^      of  a  palace ;  =  pintu  gerebang. 

aI5    ggpoh.     Gepoh'g^poh :  (Kedah)  a  padlock. 
kJ^^  gggasing.     (Kedah.)     A   top  ;  v.  gasing. 

\^0    S^S^l^"     Pitch ;  material  for  caulking   boats. 
'  Also  gala-gala. 


*^Ko    gSgaman.     Jav.     Weapons ;    armed  soldiery ; 
^-^  Ht.  Mas.  Ed. 

jjuJS    gSgawar.     Quarantine;  v.  gawar. 

\zSS  gSgat.     A   small  insect   which  bores   holes  in 
cloth  and  so  ruins  articles  of  clothing. 

yiSS   gSgStar.     A   hair-ornament  worn  by  a  bride. 

jC^S     gegetang.     (Kedah,)    A   plant    (unidentified); 
Cr  =  (Riau,  Johor)  getang, 

<3^  S^S^^*     Quivering,     shaking ;   the     motion  of 
-^  a   ship   when    the   engines    are   working ;   a 

thrill  or  quiver  of  the  body  ;  a  quavering  or 
trilling  note. 

•^ 5o^  g6g6rit.     A  plant  name  ;     also  gerit-gerit,    v. 
^^^      gevit, 

lySS    gSgas.     A   moveable  hatch  or  planking  in  a 
Malay  boat. 

1^*^  g^g^P-     Gegap'gempita :  confusion  of  sound 
* — ^^^        uproar.     Better  gegak-gempita. 


;  an 


^^  gegak.     Noise,  din,    uproar.   Berperang  terlalu 

S^S^^  '  fig^hting  most  clamorously ;  in  the  din 
of  battle ;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  13  ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk., 
54.  G.  gempita  :  confused  uproar,-an  inten- 
sitive  oi gegak;  Sej.  Mai.,  142;  Ht,  Abd.,  293. 

5o^  gdgaL     Lacking   in   stiffness,    consistency   or 
^r  firmness ;   loosely     put    together   (of  houses, 

boats,  etc.) 

_p    gal.     Tegal'gal:  (Kedah)  mimicking,  taking  off. 

Jk  guL  L  (Onom.)  A  sound  such  as  that  of  the 
head  knocking  against  a  wooden  surface ; 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  VIIL,  128. 

IL  Picking  up  (small  objects)  with  the 
fingers  ;  picking  up  bread  crumbs,  etc. 

III.  [Pers.  and  Hind.]  A  rose.  Gul  Baku- 
wait :  the  rose  Bakuwali,  a  wonder-working 
flower  mentioned  in  a  Malay  tale  ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak. 


aiLABIR 


[  569  ] 


a^LAR 


j^yS    gglabir.     Hanging  folds  of  flesh  ;   the  dewlap. 
Cf.  gedabir  and  gelambir, 

J^  gSlabor.     Minggelabor:  to  fall  **  plump  "into 
^'  the  water.     Cf.  chebor  and  laboh. 

J^^  gdlatek.  (Singapore.)  The  Java  sparrow. 
Also  jelatek  and  chiyak  ti^ban,  G.  kampmtg  :  a 
village  sparrow  ;  a  description  of  an  unenter- 
prising domesticated  character ;  Prov. 

y'^i^J    gfilatok.     Menggelatok  :   to  quiver,  of  the  chin 
and  lower  jaw ;  to  chatter,  of  the  teeth. 

)  J^©     gSladir.     An  opening  in  the  side  of  a  ship ;  a 
^  moveable  bulwark,  the  removal  of  which  by 

lowering   the   freeboard   enables  cargo  to  be 
more  easily  shipped. 

Sj^  g61adak.     The  deck  of  a  ship. 


l5' 


o-"* 


vi^  gSlasar.     Mmggelasar  :  to  slip  or  slide  forward, 
"^      — used    of   a    man     losing    his     footing  on 
slippery  ground.     Also  gelansar, 

^i^g^lasak.     (Kedah.)     A  floor-mat;  =    (Riau, 


Johor)  kelasak. 


p^^  gfilakak.  A  chuckling  laugh ;  a  prolonged 
chuckle.     Cf.  gelak,  kah,  etc. 

J^^)^  gSlagah.  A  wild  sugar-cane ;  saccharum 
glaga  ?  This  plant  has  a  fine  flower  but  no 
fruit  and  is  used  as  a  proverbial  simile  for  a 
man  who  promises  much  and  performs  no- 
thing ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  IL,  154. 

Jn)o    S^l^^^^'     A  well-known  marine  fish;   Sh.  A. 
r  R.  S.J.,  2;J.  I.  A.,  L,  150. 

(JyS  gfilana.  A  wanderer,  an  outcast ;  to  wander 
about  as  a  vagabond;  Sh.  Bid.,  90;  Ht. 
P.  J.  P.     Better  kelana,  q.  v.     Cf.  also  ngelana. 

yjyO  gulana  or  gSlana.  [Skr.  gldna.]  Sadness, 
listlessness.  Gondah  g, :  very  sad  and  listless ; 
loss  of  till  interest  in  life ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  121. 

u-it^  gSlfibap.  (Onom.)  A  dull  sound  such  as  that 
of  coconuts  falling  on  sand.  Cf.  gelebak, 
debap,  etc. 

•J^  gSlSbak.     (Onom.)     A  sound  similar  to  that 

described  by  gelebap   but  not  quite   so  dull  in 
tone. 

rj^  gglSbok.     (Onom.)     A  variant  of  gelebaky  q.  v. 

c:,Jd    gfilit.     Maingelit:  a  card  game. 

^2J£  gfilut.  Striving,  contesting,  putting  forth 
one's  strongest  efforts,  wrestling. 


^ 


Bergelut :  to  strive,  to  contest.  B.  lanchang  : 
to  race  boats ;  to  hold  a  regatta ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng.,  Ht.  Koris.  BergBktUgelut  dan  bersmda- 
senda:  in  contests  of  strength  and  exchange  of 
wit ;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  20. 

Menggelut :  to  urge  on,  to  stimulate  ; — used 
of  love  inflaming  a  person,  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

gSldtar.  Quivering,  shaking ;  a  frequentative 
of  ketar,  q.  v.  Meiiggeletar :  to  tremble,  to 
quiver;  Ht.  Abd.,  391. 


ijg^  gSlSting.     A  verbal  variant  of  leting,  q.  v. 

•  Jj^  g§l§tek.     I.     Wriggling,  squirming,  as  worms 

or  snakes ;  leaping  about  convulsively,  as  fish 
out  of  water  ;  flapping,  as  a  flag.  Menggeletek  : 
to  wriggle,  to  squirm,  to  flap;  to  beat 
irregularly,  of  the  heart;  Ht.  Abd,,  71. 

H.    (Onom.)  Menggeletek  :  to  tick,  of  a  clock, 

HL     The  Java  sparrow ;  better  gelatek. 

\^  ggl6cha.     I.     A  thin  light  mattrass. 

^  II.      A  plant    (unidentified);  it  is  said  to 

resemble  ramie. 

III.     The  name  of  a  cake. 

l^  gSlSdor.      Tergeledor :    looming  large,  =  ter- 
J"^      beledoh;v.belUoh. 

•^jj^  gglfedang.     I.     Menggeledang  :  to  stretch   out 
(^  the  arms  at    right    angles    to    the    body ;  = 

mengedang-ngedang.     Cf.  kedang, 

II.     (Kedah.)     A  tree  (unidentified). 


9- jJ^  gSlMing. 
Q  wood. 


Menggeleding :  to  warp,  of  fresh 


b  jJST  gSlSdoh,    A  variant  oigeledor  and  beledoh,  q.  v. 

J^  g61ar.  The  bestowal  of  a  complimentary 
designation  or  of  a  title  of  distinction  or  even 
(but  less  correctly)  of  a  nickname.  Di-g^lar 
uleh  marika-itti  akandaku  munsht :  they  gave 
me  the  title  oi  munsht ;  Ht.  Abd.,  41.  Di-gelar 
orang  nama-nya  iuwanpinyapu  :  they  called  him 
by  the  nickname  "  Mr.  Broom ; "  Ht.  Abd., 
210.  Dt'gelar-lah  uleh  Yamtuwan  akandiya 
l^engku  Muda  *A  bdiCl-kadw :  the  Sultan  gave 
him  the  title  of  Tengku  Mtida 'AbduH-kadir ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  408. 

Gelaran  :  a  designation  ;  a  title  ;  Ht.  P.  J,  P. ; 
Ht.  Gul,  Bak.,  57 ;  Ht.  Abd.,  41. 

Gelari :  to  bestow  a  title. 

Bergelar :  entitled;  possessing  a  title. 
Bevgelar  Tengku  Penglima  Besar :  bearing  the 
title  Tengku  Penglima  Besar.  Raja  bergelar : 
a  prince  by  designation  as  well  as  by  birth  ; 
(in  some  cases  by  contradistinction  to  raja 
berasal)  a  prince  by  virtue  of  acquired  and  not 
of  hereditary  rank. 

Menggelar :  to  ennoble,  to  confer  a  title  on 
anyone;  Ht.  P.  J.  P.;  Sej.  Mai.,  93;  Sh. 
Kumb,  Chumb.,  24. 


a£LAS 


[  570  ] 


g£lok 


(j*J^    gSlas.     Eng.     Glass,   tumbler  (but  not  gl 
as  a  material)* 


ass 


1^ 


^ 


f^ 


IwUb^WuD 


y0iJyiS 


g616sat.     Menggelesat :  to  flutter,  of  a  bird, 

gdlang.     A  bracelet  or  anklet. 

G.  basahan :  common  bracelets  or  anklets  of 
little  value  and  which  need  not  be  removed 
when  bathing ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 

G.  chert :  a  bangle;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

G.  kaki :  an  anklet ;  Sej.  Mai.,  91, 

G,  kana  :  a  Javanese  bracelet ;  Ht.  Sh.,  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub. 

G.  kunchi  :  a  key-ring. 

Dawai  g.:  wire  wrapped  round  a  cylindrical 
surface  (as  in  the  case  of  wire  round  the  neck 
of  a  bottle  of  wine). 

C hacking  gelang-gelang  :  a  species  of  worm  or 
millipede  which  rolls  itself  up  on  being 
touched;  Sej.  Mai.,  64;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  34. 

Pergelangan  or  (Kedah)  penggelang :  the 
circumference  of  the  wrist ;  the  wrist ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.,  Ht.  P.  J.  P.,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Pergelangan 
kaki :  the  ankle;  Ht.  Hamz,,  15. 

gSling.  I.  A  slight  shake  of  the  head. 
Anggok  biikan,  geling ya  :  a  nod  means  no  and 
a  shake  of  the  head  means  yes ;  an  inversion 
of  the  natural  meaning  of  things;  Prov.,  J.  S. 
A.  S.,  XXIV.,  89. 

H.  (Kedah.)  Ticklish  sensation  ;=  g^^/i, 
q.  v. 

gdlong.  1.  A  passage  through  the  bar  of  a 
river ;  the  true  channel  when  winding  through 
a  mass  of  mud.     Cf.  alor. 

Beting   bHar^  gelong  ta'4entu, 
Ta'4miii  arah  hendak  di-tuju: 

large  are  the  banks,  uncertain  is  the  channel, 
and  doubtful  the  direction  to  which  the  course 
should  be  set. 

G.  ayer:  (Kedah)  the  cutting  through  which 
water  enters  and  escapes  from  a  padi  field. 

H,  A  double  or  multiple  loop  of  rattan  ;  a 
double  loop  generally.  G.  rotan :  id.;  (by 
extension)  the  loop  pattern  in  finger-prints. 
Cf.  elongf  lokf  telok,  etc. 

HI.  (Kedah.)  An  elephant-track  in  the 
jungle.    Cf.  d^nai. 

gdlingsir.  Meggelingsir :  to  slip  sideways  off 
anything  as  a  man  slips  off  a  greased  pole  or 
slippery  tree-trunk.  Cf.  gelinchir,  gelongsor^ 
^nd  gelnnchor. 

gSlongSOr.  MenggHongsor:  to  slip  or  slide 
forward  down  an  inclined  surface.  Cf. 
geltmchor,  gelinchir  and  gUingsir. 


^ 


Lji^  gSiongsong. 


A  variant  of  Mongsong,  q.  v. 


f^ 


gSlanggang.  A  ring  for  cocks  to  fight  in; 
a  ring  for  a  boxing  match  (Ht.  Abd.,  81) ;  an 
enclosed  space  for  a  contest. 

G.  ay  am  :  a  ring  for  fighting-cocks. 

G.merah:  the   red   circle   round   a   boil  or 
wound. 

G.  stisu  :  the  ring  round  the  nipple. 

gSlenggang.  A  medicinal  plant,  cassia  alata ; 
Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  29.  It  is  also  called  daun  knrap 
because  of  its  use  in  curing  itch. 

G.  kechil  or  g,  padang :  cassia  tor  a. 

gelinggam.  A  red  dye  of  local  make.  Also 
called  gelnga,     Cf.  sedelinggarn. 


^ ^^   gglap.     Darkness,  obscurity;    utter  darkness 

in  contradistinction  to  gloom  {kelam).  Also 
(in  a  number  of  expressions)  stealthy, 
surreptitious,  secret,  sub  rosa. 

G.  gulita  or  ^.  katup  :  pitchy  darkness. 

Chandu  g, :  (Straits  Settlements)  smuggled 
opium. 

Mata  g. :  sleight  of  hand. 

Mata-mata  g. :  a  detective. 

Sang  g,  :  **  Mr.  Thief; "  =  si-penchnvi, 

Satu  g. :  the  first  day  on  which  the  moon  is 
invisible.     Duwa  g,  :  the  second  day ;    etc. 

Menggilapkan :  to  obscure,  to  conceal  in 
darkness.  Hujan  lumpor  menggelapkan-nya : 
a  rain  of  mud  hid  everything;  Sh.  Lamp.,  11. 

^\^    gSlip.     A  variant  of  helip,  q.  v. 

v«il$^   gSlup.    Menggehip :  to  fall  out,  of  the  teeth ; 
=  tanggaL 

jtD  g61Spar.  MenggBlepar  :  to  strike  out  with  the 
paws,  of  an  animal ;  to  flap  the  wings,  of  a 
fowl ;       to      struggle      convulsively.       Also 

mBnggehipor, 

ilij    gSlSpong.       (Onom.)      The   noise   made   by 
CT        heavy  bodies  falling  into  the  water ;  plumping. 

^IS    gSlak.     Laughter;    loud  laughter.       Tertawa 

gelak-gelak  :  peals  of  laughter. 

G.  snmbing:  a  sickly  laugh;  a  laugh  to  hide 
discomfiture. 

ri^    gSlok.     A  mug  or  drinking  bowl  made  of  the 

shell  of  a  coco-nut ;  a  vessel  of  coco-nut  shell 
for  gutta,  water,  etc.  The  gelok  has  a 
comparatively  narrow  mouth ;  if  the  mouth  is 
wide  the  receptacle  is  called  sibor.  Buwah 
bagai  gelok  keluwar  lada  hitam  :  a  fruit  like  a 
gilok  (spherical  bowl)  from  which  black 
pepper  issues;  a  riddling  description  of  the 
papaya  (buwah  betek). 


gSlSkak 


[  571  ] 


gSlinchir 


^ 

^"S^ 


gSlSkak.     MlnggeUhak  :  to  become  loose  and 
fall  off,  as  the  plaster  on  a  wall. 

gSlSgata.     A  kind   of    nettle-rash,   urticaria. 
Also  gelegatti. 


j3a.5    gglggatu.     Seegelegata. 

szS^  g616gut.  Menggelegtit :  to  shiver,  to  shake; 
to  tremble,  of  the  body  ;  to  chatter,  of  the 
teeth.     Also  menggelngnt.    Cf.  also  gemelegut, 

j^    gSlegar.     I.     A  girder,   a   rafter,  a    beam ; — 
used  of  the  rafters  on  which  a  flooring  rests. 

IL     The  frequentative  of  gegar,  q.  v. 

i«^iSJS    gglegak.       I.       Boiling,     bubbling      up,~of 

boiling  water. 

1 1.  A  heavy  hollow  wooden  sounding-block 
for  frightening  wild  pig  and  other  animals 
from  the  vicinity  of  a  house  or  kapnpong ;  = 
(Kedah)  toktoL 


KJS'   galgal.     See  gaL 


gelegam.     Hitam  gelegam :   deep  black.     Also 
hitam  legam. 


\f 


gdlam.  I.  A  well-known  tree,  melaleuca 
leitcadendron, 

IL     The   name   of  a  siikii  or    tribe  of  the 
orang  latU  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  201. 

gSlSma.  Phlegm  ;  thick  mucus  ejected  from 
the  throat  when  a  man  is  suffering  from  a 
cold. 


\^  gulumayar.     (Kedah.)      The  luminous  milli- 
-^  pede  also  known  (Riau,  Johor)  as  kelemayar. 

j^  gglambir.  I.  Pendulous  flesh;  the  dewlap 
of  an  ox ;  the  gills  of  a  cock ;  the  loose  folds 
of  skin  on  a  very  withered  old  man.  Cf. 
gelembor, 

IL  A  preparation  of  coco-nut;  a  dish  of 
which  coco-nut  is  the  main  ingredient.  Cf. 
kerambil, 

^^  gglgmbor.     L     Wrinkled,  furrowed,  lined  in 

'^^      many  places ;  a  frequentative  o{  gembor,  q.  v. 

Kiilit-nya  menggelembor :  her  skin    was    very 

furrowed  (of  a  very  old  woman) ;   Pel.  Abd., 

67.    Cf.  gelambir. 

II.  (Kedah.)  Extremely  light ;  very  delicate 
in  texture ;  an  intensitive  of  gebu,  q.  v. 

^^  gSlimbir.     Pendulous,  of  the  cheeks ;  Kl.    Cf. 
^"^■^      gelambir  and  gelembor. 

iJS^  gSlSmbang.     See  gelembong. 

^^  gglSmbing,     See  gelembong. 


gSlSmbong.  A  bubble;  anything  blown  out 
with  wind ;  cf.  kembong  and  gembong,  G. 
gelembing  :  swollen  out  in  different  places  or 
in  different  degrees  of  swelling  ;  bumpy,  as  a 
mattrass. 

Gelembongan :  a  chicken's  bladder  used  as  a 
toy  for  children  to  blow  out. 

Menggelembong  :  to  swell  out,  as  a  fruit,  cloth, 
or  sail ;  to  be  puffed  out,  as  the  cheeks  of  a 
man  playing  a  wind  instrument.  Mengg^lem- 
bong'gelemhang :  to  play  at  bubbles. 

gfilombang.  Long  rolling  waves  (stronger 
than  ombak) ;  billows.  Main  gelombang  duwa 
betas  :  to  play  in  the  surf  of  twelve  waves ;  '*  to 
go  the  pace  *'  in  enjoyment. 

G.  bimga  lepang  :  *'  white  horses ;"  waves  with 
white  crests. 

G.  kepala  kera  :  choppy  waves. 

G.  mangkok :  an  eddy,  a  whirlpool. 

Hempasan  g.:  breakers. 

gSlSmat.  I.  (Kedah.)  Gelap  gelemat :  pitchy 
darkness  ;=  gelap  gulita, 

1 1.  Decking  over  the  bows  or  stern  of  a 
ship  ;  the  lockers  in  the  bow  and  stern  of 
some  boats ;  a  coping  rising  above  the  main- 
deck  in  some  types  of  native  vessels. 


-  -  ifT  g^l^l^PStng.     Extension  at  full  length  on  the 

^^       ground.    Sipdht-sipAM  bergelempangan  mabok: 

soldiers  stretched  about  on  the  ground  in  a 

state  of  drunkenness ;  Ht.  Abd.,  in.    Cf.  also 

Bint.  Timor,  16  Feb,,  1895. 

itJS    gfiiSmpong.     A  spongy  kind  of  lint  used  by 
CI  natives  for  staunching  the  flow  of  blood. 

xjj^  g616mpok.      Gelempok  gemok  :  extremely  fat ; 
an  intensitive  of  gemok  ;  Muj.,  58, 


^ 


cX«i": 


iinan.  Geli-geleman :  the  nervous  sensa- 
tion excited  by  certain  rasping  or  grating 
noises. 


•^J^  gfilfintar.     Menggelentar :  to  quiver,  to  tremble. 
y^      Qf^  ketar,  geletar,  etc. 

-^   gSlintar.      A  thunderbolt ;  Ht.   Sh.    Usually 
-^^^^       halilintar  or  halintar, 

iu)S    gSlfintang,      Giding-geleniang :   rolling     and 
^—  pkmging;  a  frequentative  of  guling  gantang. 

ijixb    gSlantong.      Hanging    in   pieces    here    and 
CT  there;  a  frequentative  of  ganiong,  q.  v. 

^  gfelinchir.  Slipping  away  to  the  side,  slipping 
-^  aside  ;=  g^e/mg^sir,  q.  v.  Tergelinchir :  sM-ppQAf 
fallen  by  slipping;  Ht.  Hamz.,  73.  Tergelin- 
chir  kaki-nya  lalu  jatoh :  his  foot  slipped  and 
he  fell ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Tergelinchir  matahari  : 
the  sun  was  inclined  from  its  zenith ;  the  sun 
was  setting;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  12. 


OllLINCHOH 


[    572    ] 


giSli 


4^*  gdlinchoh.     Stumbling,  stumbled. 

c  V\^  gSlindong.     A  reel,  a  shuttle  ;  a  sort  of  roller 

^  for  smoothing  padi  land. 

^^  gSlonsor.      Slipping   forward;    a  variant    of 


%    -y^^^^ 


gelongsor  and  gelunchoTy  q.  v. 

gSlonsong.      A    variant    of   gelongsong    and 
kHoftgsongf  q.  v. 

^^  gglSimyar.      Tingling;       the      sensation     of 
"^^       tingling. 

^^    gSlobok.       Menggelobok  :    to  splash  about  in 

the  w^ater  (of  a  bather) ;  to  bubble  up,  of 
boiling  water.     Cf.  gerobok  and  bobok, 

^4^   g61otak.      Menggelotak :     to    remove  a   hard 

husk  or  rind  from  a  fruit  so  as  to  get  at  the 
edible  portion  inside. 

i^J^   geiojoh.     Gluttony. 

3^   gSlodar.     I.     MBnggelodar :  to  struggle   with 
-^  ^      a  view  to  shaking  oneself  loose. 

II.  Clouded  with  dirt,  of  a  liquid;  thick 
and  lacking  in  transparency;  muddy,  of  the 
sea. 

J^   gSlora.      [Arab.     5j,j^.]     Stormy;  troubled, 

of  the  sea ;  trouble  or  care  generally.  Beralun 
gUora  di'jantong  beta  :  waves  of  care  are  surg- 
ing through  my  heart;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  30. 

Also  gelorah  (KL),  and  gelarat  (Sh,  Sri.  Ben., 
42;  Sh.  May.,  4). 

li^yS    gglurat.     See  s.  v.  gelora. 
tbjJb    gfilorah.     See  s.  v.  gelora, 
j^y^    gglosor.     A  variant  oi  gelongsor,  q.  v. 

,j-*^  gdlosok.  Wringing  out  or  rubbing  vigor- 
ously between  the  hands ;  rubbing  one  hand 
against  the  other  when  washing  the  hands ; 
a  frequentative  oi  gosok,  q.  v. 

ij^    gglupar  or     gSlupor.     I.     Minggehpar:    to 
-^-^      sprawl,  to   convulsively   struggle;    Sh.   Lail. 
Mejn.,  27.     Cf.  kelupar, 

II.  (By  extension  of  I.  ?)  A  sort  of  nest  made 
by  a  fowl  lying  down  in  the  dust  and  turning 
itself  round  and  round.  G,  ayam :  id.  G. 
puyoh :  a  similar  resting-place  made  by  the 
Malay  quail. 

^j^j^    gSlupas.     A  variant  of  kekipas,  q.  v. 

lSa^  gSlopak.  The  fallen  skin  or  covering  of  any- 
thing, especially  of  a  fruit.  Cf.  kelopak  which 
refers  to  such  a  skin  whether  shed  or  not. 


y^jS^  gSlukap.     A  tree  (unidentified) . 


gdluga.  A  red  dye.  Kayu  g. :  the  tree 
(unidentified)  from  which  this  red  dye  is 
obtained;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

gSlugut.  Violent  shivering ;  quaking, 
quivering  ;  ague  fits  ;  the  chattering  of  teeth. 

gfilugor.  Asam  gelugor :  a  tree  with  orange 
acid  fruits  used  for  flavouring  curries  ;  garcinia 
atroviridis, 

G.  gajah  :  a  plant,  pyrenaria  acuminata. 

The  word  is  also  used  to  describe  fluting   or 
fluted  patterns  in  wood-carving. 

gSlogok.     Enquiry  accompanied  by   menaces 

or  in  a  threatening  voice  ;  "  bluffing  out  *'    an 
answer.     Cf.  ngut, 

gSluIor.  Menggelulor:  to  slip  off,  of  a  gar- 
ment or  covering ;  to  slip  down,  of  a  sarong. 

gSlumat.     A  variant  oi  gelemat,  q.  v. 

gSlomor  or  gSlumor.  I.  Menggelomor:  to 
dirty.     Cf.  lomor  and  gelomong. 

II.     Eng.     Gold  mohur ;  Kl. 


gSlomong.     The 

with   a   dry   dusty 

dust    or   sand   after 


gglomang     or     (Kedah) 
contact  of  a   moist   body 
surface ;    wallowing    in 
bathing. 

Bergelomang :  to  wallow  in  dust ;  to  be 
covered  with  particles  which  have  adhered  to 
a  wet  skin.  Bergelomang4ah  iya  dengan  ianah 
penganan-nya  itu :  he  was  covered  with  the 
dust  off  those  cakes;  Ht,  Ind.  Meng.  Tiktis 
bergelomang  di-dalam  tipong :  a  mouse  that 
has  rolled  its  wet  body  m  flour  ;  a  proverbial 
simile  for  a  dark  lady  who  has  whitened  her 
complexion  with  face-powder  (bedak). 

Minggelomang :  to  dirty  oneself  when  wet ; 
to  have  particles  of  matter  adhering  to  one*s 
skin;  Pel.  Abd.,  42;  Ht.  Abd.,  210,  487; 
J.  I.  A.,  L,8i. 

Cf.  lomor  and  gelomor, 

gSloneng.     A  small  copper  gong  forming  part 
of  the  gamilan, 

gdlohok.  Extensive       perforation;      the 

existence  of  a  gaping  rent  or  hole  in  anything. 
Khting  tBrgelohoh  :  eyebrows  the  continuity  of 
which  is  broken  by  gaps.  Also  (Kedah) 
iriUhok, 


\^  gSloh.     I.     A  variant  of  kelolx,  q.  v. 
11.     A  variant  of  gelok,  q.  v. 

,_£^]S    g616hok.     See  s.  v.  gelohoL 

K"^  gdli.  The  sensation  of  ticklishness,  an 
^  inclination  to  laugh  or  quiver.  G.  geman  or 
g.  gBleman  :  the  nervous  sensation  created  by 
certain  grating  or  rasping  sounds.  G.  haii : 
lightheartedness ;  the  feeling  of  intense  enjoy- 
ment; Ht  Koris,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
Pinggeli  hati :  things  that  excite  mirth  or 
laughter;  laughter-rousing  tales  (the  name 
given  to  a  collection  of  Malay  humorous  stories) . 


G^LEBAR 


[    573    1 


gSmbala 


j-uD  gSlebar  or  gelibar.  Continuous  flapping; 
a  frequentative  of  kibar^  q.  v. 

O^JS"  gSlita  or  gulita.  Darkness.  Gelap  gtiltta  : 
pitchy  darkness  in  contradistinction  to  mere 
obscurity  or  gloom;  Ht.  Abd.,  221,  319. 

\z,,JS  g§liyat.  Twisting;  straining;  stretching  round; 
transitive  form  of  liyat,  q.  v. 

Menggeliyat :  to  writhe  or  twist  as  a 
wounded  snake ;  to  turn  and  twist  as  a  man 
yawning  and  stretching  his  limbs. 

Tergeliyat :  twisted,  stretched ;  strained,  as 
an  ankle  or  other  joint.  Also  geliyut,  Cf. 
kiyat, 

^^ .  1^  geliyut.     See  geliyai  and  gcliyatig. 


o^ 


gSletek.     The  act  of  tickling ;   the  creation  of 

a  thrill   by  touching  a   nervous  person   in  a 
sensitive  place.     Menggeletek:  to   tickle.    Cf. 


gelt. 


g§leser.    Menggekser  :  to  flutter,  to  struggle,  of 
a  bird ;  to  wriggle  about,  of  a  person  ;  to  fidget. 


-    .J5    gSlisek.     (Kedah.)    Menggelisek  :  to  search  the 
hair  for  vermin  ;  =  (Riau,  Johor)  menyelisek. 

^^^  gdlisah.     Menggelisah  :    to    fidget,     to    move 
^***^      about  restlessly  or  uneasily,  to  be  troublesome. 

k^  gSlisai.     Menggelisai :   to  stir  up  ;    to  disturb ; 
l^*^       to  work  things  into  a  mess. 


^ 


gdliyang.  Mmggeliyang :  to  sway  about,  to 
swing  about ;  a  transitive  form  of  liyang^  q.  v. 
Mmggeliyang  bagai  ular  di-ptikul :  swaying  as  a 
stricken  snake ;  Prov. 

Geliyang-geliytit :     swaying       and     twisting 
(oneself) ;  also  liyang-liyut. 


jj^ggliyong.     I.     Eur.     A  galleon. 

^  11.     M^;/-^g-^%o;i^;  to  writhe  (of  a  snake), 

•  jj^  gelepek.     To  lie  slackly  against  anything,  as 
a  sail  lying  slackly  against  the  mast. 

J^^^  gSliga  or  guliga.  Stoity  growth  in  an  animal 
body ;  chalk-stones  ;  a  bezoar  stone.  Stones 
of  this  character  are  believed  to  have  certain 
absorbent  qualities  and  to  suck  up  venom  from 
a  wound.     Batu  g,  :  id. 

Hari'hari   inembakar  arang ; 

Habis  padi   di-makan   apt; 
A  pa   nak  takiit  ular   belerang  ? 

Geliga   a  da  di4angan  kami : 

why  should  we  fear  the  snake  ular  belerang  ? — 
we  have  the  (curative)  bezoar  here  in  our  hands. 

Menggeliga :  to  work  up  sago  into  granular 
form. 

cSsM    g^ligit.     A  frequentative  of  ^ig^i^  (to  bite),  q.  v. 


ijSsM    gdligis.     Quivering ;     inwardly      shuddering. 
Menggeligis  :  to  shudder  ;   Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

^OsJS    g^ligin.     A  cross  rod  in  a  weaver's  loom. 

C-a^    gdlimit.     (Kedah.)     Thread    left    over    after 
weaving  a  garment. 

ixJS    gSlinang.     A  set  of  three  gongs  in  the  gamelan, 

rgam.     (Onom.)     A  deep  sound  such  as  that  of 
a  clap  of  thunder.     Cf.  gum  and  degam, 

rgum.     (Onom.)     The  boom   of  thunder;   cf. 
gam, 

\^  gdma.     Echo,  reverberation. 

\\  <^  gfimala.  I.  A  talisman ;  a  stone  possessed  of 
^J^V  magic  properties  especially  that  of  luminosity. 
G.  hikrnat :  id.  Naga  gerangan  naik  ka-maha- 
ligai  itu  dengan  bersulohkan  gemala-nya :  a 
dragon  perchance  is  on  his  ascent  to  the 
palace  using  a  talismanic  stone  to  light  his 
way,  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  138 ;  cf.  also  Sej.  Mai.,  28. 

Gemala  is  also  used  as  a  term  of  endearment ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  79;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  13, 

II.     A  (Kedah)  variant  of  gembala,  q.  v. 

\  \  <^  gemalai.     Lemah  gemalai :  extreme  lassitude ; 
^r  ^       Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  49,  126.     Also  lemah  kemalai, 

i    Ajt^  gfemaung.     The  murmur  of  a  crowd.  Gemaung 
O  majlis  tiyada  terkira :  the  crowd  murmured  in 

an  uproarious  way;Sh.  Panj.  Sg.     Gemaung 
majlis  bukan  sa-umpama  :  id. ;  ibidem. 


ur 


gomba.  [Skr.  kumbha,]  The  frontlet  of  an 
elephant ;  an  ornamental  spike  or  tassel  placed 
on  the  forehead  of  an  elephant ;  Sej.  Mai.,  16. 


\\_^g6mbala  or  gombala.  LSkr.  gdpdla.]  A 
^  *  herdsman;   a   man    employed   to  look   after 

animals  of  any  description.  Saperti  kawan 
kambing  tiyada  bergembala  :  like  a  flock  of  sheep 
without  a  shepherd;  Ht.^Isk.  Dz.  Gajah 
sa-ekor,  gembala  duwa :  an  elephant  with  two 
mahouts  ;  a  lady  with  two  lovers ;  Prov. 

G.anjing :  a  dogboy;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  58, 

G,  ayam:  a  keeper  of  fowls;  Sej.  Mai.,  75; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  5. 

G.  gajah  :  a  mahout. 

G.  harimau  :  a  tiger-tamer. 

G.  kambing:  a  shepherd  or  goat-herd;  Ht. 
Hamz.,  4. 

G.  kuda :  a  groom;  Ht.  Abd.,  408. 

Mengembala  :to  tend  (animals) ;  Sej.  Mai.,  74. 
Mengembalai :  id. ;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  33.  Men- 
gembalakan :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  77. 


72 


g£mbut 


[    574    ] 


gSm^rSsek 


sZ'"^ 


^ 


gSmbut.  I.  Surface  motion;  the  quivering 
of  the  fontanel;  the  movement  of  the  sand 
when  an  animal  is  working  underneath ;  the 
motion  of  the  bed-clothes  as  a  person  moves 
under  them. 

II.  A  canopy  borne  by  an  elephant ;  Ht. 
Ism.  Yat.,  96. 

III.  A  golden  betel-nut  box  ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat., 
28. 

gambar.  Imaging,  representation  ;  a  picture, 
statue,  or  sketch  of  any  sort.  G.  tulisan :  a 
sketch.  Leher-nya  laksana  gambar  di-larek : 
her  neck  was  (smooth)  as  a  polished  statue ; 
Ht.  Koris. 

Tergambar :  pictured.  Tuwan  tergambar  di- 
dalam-nya  hati :  your  image  is  ever  in  my 
breast;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri.,  27. 


j^   gambir.     Gambier  ;  uncaria  ganibir 


ggmbar.     Twin  ;  duplicate ;  Ht.  Best.  Usually 
kembar,  q.  v. 


gdmbor.  Loose,  of  earth  which  has  been 
thrown  in  to  fill  up  a  cavity  but  has  not  been 
rammed  down  ;  unrolled,  of  a  road  that  is 
being  made. 


jQ    gumbar.     A  variant  of  ktimbar,  q.  v 


gSmbSreng.     A  musical  instrument  like  the 
triangle.     Also  bereng-bereng. 


gambang.  A  musical  instrument  of  ancient 
Java ;  Ht.  Koris ;  Ht,  Ind.  Nata ;  Ht.  Abd., 
293,  462;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed.;  Cr.  Hist.  Ind.  Arch., 
Im  337- 

g^mbong.  I.  Expansion;  blown  out, swollen 
with  wind ;  cf.  kembong  and  gelembong, 

II.     A  sir  eh  box. 


^^  gombang.     An  earthenware  vessel  used  as  a 
C^       rough  measure  of  capacity  varying  from  5  to 
10  gantang. 


3^ 


ggmbak    or  gombak.     A  tuft ;  a  lock   of 

hair ;  a  tuft  of  grass,  flowers,  or  feathers ;  a 
tuft  when  not  dressed  or  plaited  or 
harmoniously  arranged,    Cf.  jambuL 


iS  gSmbok.     Menggembok  :  to  pollute  clear  water 
by  stirring  up  the  mud. 

^3t^    gombok.     Menggombok  :  to  flatter,  to  cajole. 

{J^    gSmbal.     A  variant  of  k^mbal,  q*  v. 

^J^  gSmbol.  A  bump  or  hemispherical 
excrescence ;  a  knotty  growth  in  the  lower  part 
of  a  tree-trunk ;  a  spherical  projection  from 
a  bundle. 


jj' 


gombal.     The  name  of  a  tree  (unidentified). 

gamboh.  The  name  given  to  a  class  of  danc- 
ing girls  who  are  believed  to  dance  when 
possessed  by  the  spirit  of  dancing;  a 
professional  dancing-girl  from  Java  or  Madura. 
Menjadi  gamboh :  to  become  a  dancing  girl ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Sa-keti  pitis  satu  gamboh-nya :  2i 
hundred  thousand  cash  for  a  single  dance; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Lagu  gamboh:  the  tune  played 
when  the  puppets  in  a  puppet-show  {wayang 
kulit)  are  made  to  dance.  Bergainboh  or 
bermain  gamboh :  to  dance  (of  these  dancing 
girls) ;  Ht.  Koris. 

gSmbira.  Passion,  fire,  excitement,  feelings 
of  impetuous  courage.  Naik  g,:  flaring  up; 
firing  up  ;  getting  excited  to  courageous  deeds. 
Memberi  g,:  to  excite  ;  to  stimulate  to  valour; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Simara-nya 
pun  gembira :  his  voice  boldly  cheered  them 
on ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  96.  Yang  tiyada  tahu 
berperang  pun  menjadi  gembira-lah  hati-nya 
hendak  berperang  :  even  those  who  did  not  know 
how  to  fight  became  so  excited  that  they 
wished  to  fight ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

gSmfitar.  Quivering,  trembling,  fear;  a 
frequentative  of  ketar  or  getar.  Taknt  dan 
geniUar  :  fear  and  trembling ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 

gSmar.  Pleasure,  satisfaction.  Tiyada  lagi 
gemar  dudok  bersamasama  bidiyadari :  she  no 
longer  cared  about  living  with  the  nymphs ; 
Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  147. 

Gemari  :  to  like,  to  take  pleasure  in.  Membeli 
makanan  mana  yang  di-gemari :  to  buy  any  food 
for  which  he  might  have  a  liking ;  Sh.  Pr. 
Ach.,  19;  cf,  also  Ht.  Abd.,  396. 

Kegemaran  :  pleasure,  liking,  delight ;  a 
source  of  joy  or  satisfaction;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.; 
Sej.  Mai.,  153.  Pergemaran :  id.;  Ht.  Jay. 
Lengg. 

gSmdrStap.  (Onom.)  A  sound  such  as  the 
clatter  of  rain  falling  on  wood  or  atap, 
BergemerUap  :  to  rattle,  to  clatter;  Ht.  Mar, 
Mah. 

gSmSrStup.  (Onom.)  A  continuous  clatter- 
ing sound  rather  duller  than  that  expressed  by 
gem^rUap. 

ggmdr&tak.  (Onom.)  A  rattling  or  clatter- 
ing sound. 

gSmfirSchak.     (Onom.)     A  splashing  sound, 

or  clashing  sound,  continually  repeated ;  the 
plash  of  oars,  etc. 

ggmSrSchek.     (Onom.)     A  splashing  sound 

less  loud  than    that   expressed  by  the  word 
gemirechak. 

ggm3r3sek,  (Onom .)  A  continuous  scratch- 
ing or  crackling  sound. 


GiM^RiLAP 


[    575    ] 


g£m£l£tak 


uJl^    gfimgrSlap  orggmfirlap.  Continuous  glitter  ; 
repeated     reflection ;     sparkling.     GemerHap- 

an :  id.  Saperti  mutiyara  yang  terhambor 
daripada  karangan-nya  gemerelapan  ch^haya- 
nya  :  of  glittering  lustre  like  pearls  fallen  from 
their  settings  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  79. 

i;^^^  gfimSrSnchang.     (Onom.)      A     clanking   or 
Cj^^      ringing   sound   continually  repeated ;  to  keep 
clanking  or  ringing. 


Cf-^ 


ggm§r6ncheng.  (Onom.)  A  continuous 
ringing  or  tinkling.  G.-gemerenchong :  clanging 
and  ringing;  Ht.  Si  Misk.,  119. 


yc£^fS  g^^S^S^lchong.      A      deep     clanging      con- 
^jV^       tinuously         repeated ;  =  gemerenchang       or 
gemerencheng  but  deeper  in  tone. 

-^  ^^  gdmSrdnchek.     A  variant  of  gemerechek,  q,  v, 

•*   ^^  gSmdrotok.     (Onom.)     A  continuous  clatter  ; 
"^^      keeping  up  a  continuous  clatter. 

y^  gSmas.     Anger,  envy,  annoyance. 
>^^  \    gSmSstu.     A  sea-worm  (unidentified) ;  KL 

V 


gSmang.  Disproportionate  thickness;  un- 
graceful bulk.  Ptitu  gemang:  a  Kedah 
sweetmeat. 


l<(^  g^map.     Inability   to    move     through    being 
^^  suddenly  alarmed ;  **struck   all   of  a  heap ;  " 

being  thunderstruck.     Tergemap  :  taken  aback 
and  motionless ;  thunderstruck. 


^ 


^ 


gSmpa.  An  earthquake ;  cataclysmal  shaking. 
Bumi  di'gonchang  gempa  :  the  earth  is  shaken 
by  earthquake.  Gempa-nya  itu  bertalu-talu : 
there  were  earthquakes  at  intervals;  Sh. 
Lamp.,  3.  Gempa  yang  keras  :  a  violent  earth- 
quake; Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Di-gerak  gempa: 
shaken  by  an  earthquake  ;  in  the  throes  of  an 
earthquake;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 

Gempa  is  also  used   of  the  cataclysms  which   | 
are  expected  to  precede  the  end  of  the  world. 


gfimpar.  Noise,  clamour;  the  creation 
of  disturbance.  Menjadi-lah  gempar :  a 
disturbance  arose.  G.  terlalu  gempita:  an 
extremely  vociferous  uproar.  Jangan  di-per- 
gemparkan :  do  not  create  a  disturbance ; 
do  not  disturb  ;  Ht.  Best. 

Gempar  is  also  used  in  the  sense  of  the  loud 
or  frequent  repetition  of  a  rumour  or  of  the 
sensational  reports  consequent  on  a  rumour. 
Maka  gempar4ah  khabar  ka-Singaptira  menga- 
takan  Inggeris  hendak  berpirang :  news  was 
excitedly  repeated  at  Singapore  to  the  effect 
that  the  English  were  about  to  go  to  war; 
Ht.  Abd.,  393 ;  cf.  also  Ht.  Abd,,  69. 


j^ 


gampang.  Jav.  Light,  easy ;  of  little  account. 
Anakg,:  a  child  of  doubtful  paternity;  the 
child  of  a  common  prostitute. 


gumpong.     A     clump    of    thick     interlaced 
jungle ;  a  thicket ;  a  small  patch  of  dense  forest. 


g^mpal.  Neither  tall  nor  short;  medium- 
sized  ;  moderate ;  =  sederhana  but  without  any 
idea  of  *'the  right  medium."  Tuboh-nya 
gempal'gempal :  he  was  of  average  build ;  Pel. 
Abd.,  59 ;  Ht.  Abd.,  109. 

gumpaL  Rolling  up  anything  into  a  ball  or 
roughly  spherical  lump ;  a  clod  ;  a  clot ;  a 
lump.  Di'lontar-nya  sa-gtimpal  tanah :  he 
threw  a  lump  of  earth  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Berguinpal-gumpal :  clotted;  coagulated;  in 
clods  or  lumps  ;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  100.  Bergum- 
pal'gumpal  rasa  hati-ku  :  my  heart  stood  still ; 
Ht.  Perb.  Jaya ;  cf.  beku  di-dalam  hati. 


^gampoh. 


A  variant  of  kampoh,  q,  v. 


ggmpita  or  gumpita.  [Skr.  kampita.]  Up- 
roar; noise.  Gegak  g.:  uproarious  noise;  an 
intensitiveof^^^a^  or  gempita;  Sej,  Mai,,  142; 
Ht.  Abd.,  193,  293,  393,  Mahag, :  id. ;  Ht. 
Hamz.,  58.  The  word  occurs  in  titles  as  a 
complimentary  designation  with  a  suggestion 
of  the  **thunderer.*' 


•  X'   gfimak.      Thunderstruck,  startled  ;    =:  gemap, 
q.  v. 


^ 


P 

^ 


gSmok.  Fat,  plumpness,  corpulence ;  plump, 
fat.  Tuboh-nya  sederhana,  tiyada  gemok  tiyada 
kurus :  he  was  of  medium  build,  neither  fat  nor 
thin  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  86.  Gelempokg,  :  excessively 
fat ;  an  intensitive  of  gemok  ;  Muj.,  58. 
Gemok  is  also  used  of  richness  of  soil ;  Pel. 
Abd.,  28, 


^   gamgam.     Naik     gamgam :    (Kedah)    to   get 
angry;  to  "flare  up," 


ggmal.  A  clump ;  a  cluster ;  a  bunch  of  padi- 
stalks  as  gathered  up  for  planting  out. 
Bergemal'gemal :  in  clusters  or  clumps,  of 
padi'St^lks,  grains  of  rice  (when  adhering  to 
each  other),  and  other  small  objects. 


•  "NkX"  gSmSlatok.     (Onom.)     Gelak  gemelatok  :  pro- 
^  longed  chuckling  laughter ;  Ht.  Si  Misk.,  49. 

^|>1^  ggmfilStap.     (Onom.)     The    sound  of    con- 
tinuous rapping  or  tapping. 

rJ^  g6m616tak.     (Onom.)     The  sound  of  rattling 
^"^^      or  tapping,  rather  sharper  in  sound  than  that 
expressed  by  gemeletap. 


GiMiLfiTOK 


[    576    ] 


GANTONG 


^j^    gfimSlfitok.     (Onom.)     The  sound  of  rapping 

or  tapping,  rather  deeper  in  sound  than  that 
expressed  by  gemeletak. 

^^<^V^  g§m§l§gut.     Continuous  shivering  ;   the   fre- 
quentative of  g'^/^g'zf^,  q.  V. 

. Aj    ggmfelan.       The      '' gamelan''     or    Javanese 

^"^      orchestra;  a  number  of  musical   instruments 

forming  a  complete   set ;  Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Sh., 

Ht.  Sh.  Mard.,  Ht.   Mas.  Ed.,  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Also  gamelan. 


g§m61ugut.        Continuous       shivering       and 
trembling;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard.     Also  gemelegut. 


Q    gSmSlai.     Swaying  backwards  and  forwards. 
.^^  g§man.     Nervous     quivering;    cf.    gelt     and 

JU4>    gSmSntar.     Trembling ;    continuous  quaking 
-^^""^        or  shaking.     Also  gemetar  ;  cf.  getar  and  ketar. 

xj^  gSmgntam.     (Onom.)  A  crashing  sound  such 
f"^"^      as  that  of  a  house  falling  into  ruins. 

Sb\^  ggmuroh.  The  roll  of  thunder,  cf.  guroh;  a 
-"^•^  prolonged  thundering  sound  such  as  the  tramp 
of  large  masses  of  men  (Cr.  Gr.,  13),  the  roar 
of  an  angry  crowd  (Ht.  Sg.  Samb.),  the  thun- 
der of  artillery  (Cr.  Gr.,  60),  the  sound  of 
many  rushing  waters  (Ht.  Sg.  Samb.),  the 
music  of  many  bands  playing  simultaneously 
(Ht.  Koris),  etc.  Dada  g, :  nervousness  of 
speech ;  broken  utterance. 


^ 
^ 


gSmi.  Ikan  gemi :  the  sucking  fish  ;  also 
(Kedah)  ikan  gedemi, 

g6milang.  Shining,  dazzling,  glittering ;  a 
frequentative  of  gilang,  Gilang-gemilang  paras- 
nya :  of  dazzling  beauty.  Gilang-gemilang 
saperti  bidan  peruama  empat  belas  hari-biUan : 
shining  in  beauty  like  the  full  moon  on  the 
fourteenth  day  of  the  lunar  month  ;  a  favourite 
simile  for  a  beautiful  face. 


^^^^^j)^^^  gfimilap.     Glittering,  sparkling.  CLgemerelap. 

^^gan.     (Kedah.)     Unwillingness  to    pay  one's 
Cr      debts ;  putting  off  a  creditor. 

Orang  kaya  jangan   di-gan^ 
Orang  miskin  jangan  di-hina  : 

do  not  defraud  the  rich  (of  their  dues),  do  not 
debase  the    poor   (in   your    power)  ;    Prov., 

J,  s.  A.  s.,  in.,  22. 

^Ji  gun.  (Kedah.)  Rising  ground;  upland; 
an  elevation  not  sufficiently  marked  to  be 
designated  a  hill  but  yet  sufficient  to  be 
distinguished  from  its  lower  surroundings. 

\^\S   gunapa.     Why,  for  what  end ;  =  kenapa. 


gSnalu.     A  parasitic  plant ;  a  mistletoe.     Also 
ketnendalu,  q.  v. 


jjttUJ  gunawan.  The  adjective  of  g-ima,  q.  v.  This 
word,  however,  retains  the  special  meaning  of 
'*  skilled  in  magic  arts,"  lya-lah  raja  yang 
diraja  yang  amat  bangsawan  dan  hertawan  dan 
gunawan :  he  was  a  king  of  royal  birth,  of 
ancient  family,  of  wealth  and  magic  power ; 
Ht.  Berm.  Sh.    Also  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  i6g. 

CL^U  ganta.  (Kedah.)  Carelessness  about  dress; 
slovenliness. 

O^uS^  ggnta.  [Skr.  ghanta,]  A  bell ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  10,  21. 
Menggoyang  g.,  or  menggerakkan  g. :  to  ring 
a  bell. 

\\;U$^  gSntala.      A    magic     wheeled    car    in    con- 
^  tradistinction  to  a  winged    chariot  (rata)  in 

old  romances ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Naga  g, :  a  monstrous  dragon  ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
415 ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 

xS   gSntat.     Shrunken  on  one  side  as  a  diseased 
lime-fruit. 


^ 


gentar.  Quivering,  shaking ;  cf.  ketar,  Btimi 
pun  ber gentar  saperti  gempa :  the  earth  shook  as 
though  there  were  an  earthquake;  Sej.  Mai., 
14.  Gentar  dan  takut :  trembling  and  fear  ; 
Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

guntor.  Thunder.  Saperti  gnntor  btmyi-nya 
tuwan  :  its  sound  was  as  that  of  thunder,  Sir  ; 
Sh.  Lamp.,  2.  Saperti  itek  menengarkan 
gnntor :  like  a  duck  listening  to  thunder :  Prov., 
Pel.  Abd.,  121 ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  58. 


-j^  gSntas.  Cutting,  severing,  plucking  by 
^-"^^"^  cutting  through  the  stalk.  Di-keluwarkan'nya 
chakar-nya  di-gentaskan-nya :  he  drew  out  his 
discus  and  severed  it ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Di- 
gentas  dengan  knkn :  cut  through  with  his  nail ; 
Ht.  Perb.  Jaya.  Gentas  sunting :  to  pick  a 
flower  for  adornment ;  Ht.  Pg,  Ptg. 

G.  bay  am  :  a  familiar  spirit  of  the  pelesit  type. 

i^;^  gantang.     L     A  measure  of  capacity  ;  a  vessel 
CT  representing   that   measure   of  capacity ;  Sh. 

Pant.  Shi.,  14;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.; 
Ht.  P.  J.  P.  Sa-clmpak  tiyada  buleh  jadi 
sa 'gantang :  you  cannot  make  a  quart  out  of  a 
pint;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A  S,,  XL,  150,  cf.  Ht.  Abd., 
279. 

G.  rabong  :  a  measure  that  is  more  than  full. 

Ular  g. :  an  edible  snake  (unidentified). 

Gantang  is  also  a  measure  of  weight  for  gold 
equal  to  one  bongkal. 
II.     Giiling  gantang  :  rolling  o\'er  and  over. 

ijufT   gantong.     Suspension,  dependence,  hanging. 

Gantongkan :    to    hang    (anything)  up ;   to 

suspend  (anything)  from  anything  else;  Ht. 

Abd.,  155,   241,  385.     Menggantong  :  id. :  Ht. 

Abd.,  ii7;Sh.  Ul.,  30. 


G&NTENG 


[    577    ] 


GONJANG 


^ 


jtxO 


^ 


Bergantong :  in  suspension,  in  dependence. 
A  da-pun  segala  peremptiwan  itu  bergantong  iya 
pada  segala  pekerjaan  atas  sttwami-nya  juga: 
all  women  are  in  everything  dependent  on 
their  husbands;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  310.  Ber- 
gantong rambut  sa-lai :  hanging  by  a  single 
hair;  a  precarious  position;  Prov.  Bergan- 
tong tiyada  bertali :  in  suspension  without  a 
rope  to  support ;  a  metaphorical  description  of 
a  helpless  woman  without  husband  or  father  ; 
Prov.  In  some  cases  bergantong  tiyada  bertali 
is  used  literally  to  describe  the  position  of  a 
mighty  spirit  who  needs  no  support. 

T^rgantong :  suspended. 

Tiyang  gantong:  the  name  given  to  ornamental 
cornices  or  points  which  turn  downwards,  in 
contradistinction  to  pinnacles  which  point 
upwards. 

Gantong  is  often  used  also  in  the  sense  of 
execution  by  hanging;  Ht.  Abd.,  117,  250,252. 
But  kujnt  would,  strictly  speaking,  be  more 
correct. 

ggnteng  or  gSnting.  I.  A  roofing  tile. 
Atap  g, :  a  tiled  roof;  Pel.  Abd.,  130. 

II.  Slenderness  to  the  extent  of  fragility; 
extreme  slimness  ;  hanging  by  a  thread  ;  about 
to  break.  Pinggang-nya  g.  :  wasp-waisted. 
Atap  mana-lah  yang  genting :  what  roof  is 
falhng  to  pieces  ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  3. 

G.  bnkit:  the  junction  between  two  high  hills 
when  they  join  near  their  bases  and  make  the 
pass  between  them  disproportionately  low. 

gSntong.     A  large  earthenware  tub  or  jar. 

guntang.  Bukit  si-gnntang-gnntang :  the  name 
of  a  hill  in  the  hinterland  of  Palembang. 
This  hill  is  the  legendary  first  home  of  the 
Malay  race. 

gunting.  Shears,  scissors;  severance  by 
means  of  scissors;  shearing.  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 
Saperti  gnnting  makan  di-hujong :  working 
with  its  point,  like  a  pair  of  scissors  ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  62. 

Menggunting :  to  cut  with  a  pair  of  scissors 
or  shears  ;  Sh.  Dag.,  8. 

guntong.  I.  Stumpiness  owing  to  a  point 
or  portion  being  removed.  Tiyang  g, :  a  mast 
when  the  topmast  has  been  lowered.  Perahu 
g. :  a  ship  stripped  of  its  projecting  gangways 
(dandan) , 

Cf.  pnntong,  potong,  kotong,  kndong,  etc. 

II.     A  creek  ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  VIII.,  128. 

guntak.  The  noise  of  pips  ratthng  in  a  dry 
fruit. 

gentel  or  (Kedah)  gintil.  A  small  pellet ;  the 
formation  or  rolling  up  of  a  small  pill  or  pellet 
by  the  use  of  the  fingers  only.  Cf.  ketul 
(which  is  used  of  a  ball  rolled  up  between  the 
palms). 


j^ 


i 


ganti.  Substitution ;  the  bestowal  of  one 
thing  in  place  of  another  ;  stead,  instead.  Iya 
memberi  wakil  Kapada  Kapitan  Baud  menjadi 
ganti-nya :  he  gave  a  power  of  attorney  to 
Captain  Daud  to  be  his  substitute ;  Ht.  Abd,, 
igo.  Kerana  ganti  beradti  di-sisi  kekaseh-nya 
di-lihat  diri-nya  terchampak  di-lmtan  rimba  :  for 
instead  of  resting  by  the  side  of  his  beloved, 
he  found  himself  a  castaway  in  the  wilds  of 
the  forest;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  116. 

G.  rasa  :  the  name  of  a  dish. 

G,  rugi :  compensation  for  injury. 

G.tikar:  a  change  of  sleeping  mats  ;  (by 
metaphor)  a  change  of  mistress. 

Gantiyan:  a  substitute;  Sej.  Mai.,  59.  Per- 
gantiyan  :  id. ;  Ht,  Sg.  Samb. 

Gantikan:  to  substitute;  Ht.  Abd.,  10. 
Menggantikan :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  455 ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Berganti :  in  the  place  of;  to  replace ;  to 
represent.     Mengganti :  id.    Ht,  Gul.  Bak.,  8. 

Berganti-ganti :  successively  taking  each 
other's  place  ;  a  continuous  round  of  changes 
as  when  sentries  are  changed  from  time  to 
time  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  57. 

ganja.  I.  Indian  hemp;  cannabis  sativa, 
Saperti  orang  mandam  ganja  laku-nya :  be- 
having like  a  man  intoxicated  with  Indian 
hemp ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Kechuhong  berhtdam 
ganja :  the  kechiibong  (an  intoxicating  plant) 
eaten  with  Indian  hemp;  poison  added  to 
poison;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  38.  Mabok 
gadong  kechiibong  berhulamkan  ganja  rupa-nya  : 
apparently  intoxicated  with  gadong  and 
kechiibong  eaten  with  Indian  hemp;  hopelessly 
overcome  by  intoxication;  Ht,  Mas.  Ed. 

II.  The  peculiar  guard-like  piece  at  the  top 
of  a  kevis  blade.  Keris  ganja  iras:  a  keris  with 
the  guard  and  blade  in  one  piece;  Ht.  Raj. 
Don.,  13, 


^_^  ganjat. 


Abnormal. 


genjut.     L     Aslant;    not  at  right  angles;  out 
of  the  perpendicular. 

11.  Sidelong  shifting  motion  as  when  a 
person  sitting  on  a  bench  wishes  to  make 
room  for  another.     Cf.  kesut. 


»^  ginjat.     Posture  on  tip-toe.     Terginjai-ginjat: 
moving  along  on  tip-toe. 

j§     ganjar.     L     (Kedah.)    Rent,  wages;  payment 
-^       for  the   use  of  anything  or  for  the  services  of 
anyone. 

IL     A  very  long  pike  (said  to  be  of  Balinese 
origin)  used  as  an  emblem  of  rank  in  Riau. 

r^  gSnjor.     A  variant  of  kenjor,  q.  v. 
i  ^  genjang.     Wry,  crooked,  aslant,  not  parallel. 


jf 

cf 


iT  gonjang.     Rambut  gonjang:    long-haired;  v. 
d.  W. 


aONJONG 


[  578  ] 


O^NDiRANG 


3^ 


gOXljong.     Forming   a  very  acute   angle,  of  a 
Malay  roof ;  very  sharp  ridged. 


ganjapuii. 

q.  V. 


A   (Kedah)  variant  of  kachapuri, 


ganjak.     Slight  backward  or  forward  shifting 

motion,  as  when  a  man  pushes  his  chair  slightly 
forward  after  taking  his  seat  at  table.  Cf. 
genjut  (which  refers  to  similar  sidelong 
motion). 

gonjak.     To  hint  at. 

ganjaL     I.     A  wedge;  KL 

II.     (Kedah.)    Unevign,  odd,  ofanumber ;  = 
(Riau,  Johor)  ganjil. 


ga^jil.     (Riau,     Johor.)      Uneven,     odd,     of 
number  ;  =  (Kedah)  ganjal  and  gasal. 


^J^    ginjal.     The  kidneys.     Also  kBrinjal 


^ 

cf 


^ 


gUHjai.  A  sort  of  fringe  or  ornamental  tassel 
or  border  at  the  end  of  a  puggaree ;  an  orna- 
mental hanging  added  to  the  head-dress ;  Ht. 
Koris.  Sirban  yang  bergunjai :  a  turban  with 
a  hanging  ornamental  end ;  Ht.  Mar,  Mah. 


ganchang.     Nimbleness,  swiftness,  agility. 

gonchang.  The  act  of  shaking  anything; 
causing  anything  to  shake,  rock  or  sway.  Di- 
goftchang-nya  tangan-nya  :  he  shook  the  man's 
hand;  Ht.  Abd.,  100.  Buwaiyan  ptm  dU 
gonchang^  anak  pun  di-chubit :  while  rocking  the 
cradle  to  pinch  the  child ;  to  do  a  bad  turn  under 
cover  of  a  good  one  ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  43. 
Cf.  goyang, 

Gonchangkan  and  meng gonchang :  to  shake 
anything.  Menggonchang  locheng:  to  ring  a 
bell  (by  shaking  it).  Gonchangkan  sir  berahi  : 
to  shake  up  quiescent  lustful  passion ;  to  stir 
up  or  excite  lust. 

genohok.     I.     A  method  of  pounding  padi; 

giving   a  twist   to  the  pounder  as  it  comes 
down. 

II.  Menggenchok :  to  get  up  to  dance ;  to  start 
dancing. 


\^    genchel*     String-like;  cord-shaped. 

^  ganchu.     A  crook;   Ht.   Gul.    Bak.,   139;  a 
*        long   stick  with  a  hook   at  the  end  used  for 
drawing    down    branches    with   a    view    to 
getting  fruit  off  a  tree. 

^    ginchah.    (Kedah)  cleansing ;  =  (Riau,  Johor) 
t        kinchahf  q.  v. 

-j&    gunchi.     A  lock  of  hair  hanging  down  from 
-  *'        under  the  turban  ;  KL     Cf.  gunjai. 


j^ 


ganda.  I.  An  idiomatic  expression  used  in 
giving  the  number  of  times  or  occasions  on 
which  a  thing  is  represented  or  reappears ; 
time,  occasion.  Sa-kali  ganda:  once;  Ht. 
Gh.;  Ht.  Abd.,  350.  Duwa  kali  ganda  :  twice. 
Ganda  blrganda  :  time  after  time ;  over  and 
over  again.  Birganda-ganda :  id.  ;  Sh.  Abd. 
Mk.,  91. 

In  speaking  of  financial  transactions,  ganda 
means  cent,  per  cent.  Makan  riba  ganda 
berganda :  to  charge  many  hundreds  per  cent, 
interest ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Bayar  ganda:  to 
return  the  earnest-money  doubled  (as 
a  penalty  for  the  non-fulfilment  of  a 
contract). 

Gandakan  :  to  repeat,  to  double,  to  multiply. 
Soldadu  yang  menjaga  rumah-nya  sndah  di- 
gandakan  lagi  :  the  soldiers  who  kept  guard  on 
his  house  have  been  doubled ;  the  guard  has 
been  doubled;  Bint.  Timor,  22  Feb.,  1895. 

II.  [Skr.  gandha,]  Odour,  perfume;  a 
component  part  of  the  names  of  many  flowers, 
e.g,,  gandarnsa,  gandasuli,  etc.  Such  com- 
pounds are  sometimes  divided  up  in  poetry ; 
e.^.,  berkata  bnnga  ganda-nya  sidi, 

III.  Ganda  kisturi :  (Kedah)  a  sweet  ;  = 
(Riau,  Johor)  andaseturi,  q.  v.  Also 
gandaseturi, 

Ji5^ JOj    gSndaga.     A  variant  of  kendaga,  q.  v, 

gSndala.  Hindrance,  obstruction,  difficulty, 
opposition.  Aral  g,:  id.;  Ht.  Sri  Rama 
(Maxw.),  4.  Pergendalakan  :  to  obstruct ;  Ht. 
Best. 


gSndit.     A  belt,  a  girdle. 


Also  kendit,  q.  v. 

of    the 


gSndut.      Heavy     and    pendulous 
stomach ;  Ht.  Abd.,  328. 

gandar.  I.  The  lever  of  the  lesong  hindek 
(rice  pounder) ;  a  long  handle,  lever,  or 
projection  by  which  a  heavy  mass  is  moved 
up  or  down,  or  kept  in  position. 
G.  chinchin  :  the  claws  in  a  ring  which  hold 
the  gem  in  position. 

II.     A  variant  of  kandar,  q.  v. 

gandir.     A  kar    gandir :   a  climbing     plant 
(unidentified) ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  98. 

gSnder.  A  Javanese  musical  instrument ;  Sej. 
Mai.,  144 ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed.;  Cr.  Hist.  Ind.  Arch., 
Im  337- 

g§nd3rang.  A  drum ;  a  big  drum  beaten  on 
special  occasions  as  a  sort  of  tocsin.  Cf. 
gendang, 

G.  arak-arakan :  a  processional  drum ;  Ht. 
Isk.  Dz.' 

G.  berangkat:  a  special  drum  beaten  to 
announce  the  departure  of  a  Sultan ;  Ht.  Isk, 
Dz.;  Sej.  Mai.,  11. 

G.  kombali  :  a  special  drum  beaten  to  recall 
an  army  from  pursuit  or  to  order  a  return  to 
camp ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

G.  perang  :  a  drum  beaten  to  call  troops  to 
arms. 


GANDARUSA 


[    579    ] 


QANDAWARI 


(3jv^«XO 


G.  perhentiyan :  a  drum  beaten  to  command  a 
halt ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

G.   raya :   a  big    drum    beaten    on    special 
festivals  or  to  celebrate  great  events. 

gandarusa.  [Skr.  gandha;  and  rma,]  A 
medicinal  plant,  justicia  gandarusa. 

gandarukam.     A  plant  (unidentified). 

gandariya.     A  plant  (unidentified). 

gandis.     A  variant  of  kandis,  q.  v. 

gfindis.    Jav.    Sugar. 

gandasuli.  A  plant,  hedychmm  coronarium; 
Sej.  Mai.,  100  ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. ;  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  4. 

gandong.  I.  A  sort  of  outrigger ;  light  logs 
to  which  a  heavily  laden  vessel  is  lashed  so  as 
to  give  it  greater  buoyancy. 

II.     Petak    gandong:    the   hold   of  a    ship; 
Malay  Maritime  Law,  J.  S.  A,  S.,  III.,  69. 


tjjS    gfindang.     A  native  drum  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  34,  93  ; 
C  Ht.  Abd.,  205.     Cf.  genderafig. 

G.  keling  :  a  drum  both  sides  of  which  are 
beaten. 

G.  kera  :  a  game  played  by  children. 

G.  kesukaan:  a  joy-drum;  a  drum  beaten  on 
festive  occasions ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  48. 

G.  melela  :  a  long  drum  one  end  of  which  is 
beaten  with  a  stick  and  the  other  end  with 
the  hand. 

G.  raya:  a  big  drum  beaten  to  summon 
people  together,  Sej.  Mai.,  102  ;  the  drum  used 
at  a  mosque  to  call  people  to  prayer  ;  =  b^dok 
q.  V.  Gendang  raya  hunyi  deras,  ta'4ahu  diri-nya 
berongga  :  the  big  drum  beats  fast ;  it  does 
not  know  its  own  hollowness ; — a  fool  talks 
much  and  does  not  know  that  talk  exposes 
his  ignorance ;  Prov. 

G.  serama  :  a  drum  resembling  the  g,  melela 
but  with  a  more  delicate  sound. 

II.     A  ream  (of  paper). 

P'Jm    gendong.     A  sling ;  porterage  in  a  sling ;    a 

w  variant  of  kendong,  q.  v.     Sevaya  mengeluwar- 

kan  mas  daripada  gendong-nya :   as    he  took 

gold  out  of  the  folds  of  his  garment ;    Ht.    Si 

Misk.,  II. 

c j^  gondang.     A  generic  name  given  to  a  number 
C  of  shells,  especially  dolium  perdix  and   doliuni 

maculattim, 

G.  bukit :  a  land  shell,  cyclophorus  sp. 

J'JUj    gondong.     A  painful  inflammation  about  the 

C-  central  portion  of  the  neck ;    a  sort  of  goitre 

rendering  swallowing  difficult.     Cf.  gerondong 

(which  means  a  painless  goitre  in    a  lower 

position). 


v«3-Xo    gSndap.    Jnru  gendap  :  the  leading  drummer 
in  a  Malay  band. 

j^^  gandapura.     A  plant  (unidentified). 

•Jj3^  gandek.  A  frontal  ornament  worn  by  a 
bride, 

I JuS  gondek.  Pointing  downward ;  turned  down, 
of  a  buffalo's  horns.     Cf.  gondok, 

I-Xu  gondok,  I.  Squat;  short  and  stout.  Leher- 
nya  gondok  :  bull-necked.  Mcrpati  gondok  :  a 
tailless  bird  of  the  dove  class.     Cf.  gondong. 

II.  Pointing  towards  the  tail,  of  horns; 
cf.  gondek  (which  means  pointing  towards  the 
ground). 

ft-i;6  gundek.  An  inferior  or  secondary  wife;  a 
woman  married  to  a  prince  by  a  relatively 
informal  ceremony  such  as  that  of  marriage 
to  his  keris  or  to  his  bulang  ulti;  a  sort  of 
morganatic  wife.  Cf.  isieri^  chandeky  and  jamah- 
jamahan.  Anak  g. :  a  child  by  an  inferior 
wife;  a  child  not  fully  legitimate;  Sej.  Mai.,  69, 
Menaroh  g,:  to  keep  secondary  wives;  Sh,  A. 
R.  S.  J.,  19. 

Bergundekkan :  to  take  as  a  secondary  wife, 
to  marry  morganatically ;  Ht.  Koris. 

\jj^  gendul.     A  fold  in  the  sarong  used  as  a  pocket 
O  for  money  or  receptacle  for  odds  and  ends. 


jxT 


gondol  or  gundul.  Baldness;  absence  of 
covering  whether  of  clothing,  hair,  bark,  or 
skin.  Tanah  g, :  bare  land;  land  not  covered 
with  vegetation;  Pel.  Abd,,  150.  lya  snka  ber- 
gondol  dHgan  tiyada  berbaju :  he  liked  to  go  bare 
without  wearing  a  coat  (baju);  Pel.  Abd.,  75. 
Cf.  dogoL 


j^X^gandam.     The    discoloration    of    the    teeth 
r  consequent  on  excessive  betel  chewing.     Gigi 

^. :  id. 


mAS    ga^ndom.     Pers.     Corn, 
1  flour ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  32. 


wheat.     Tepong  g. 


.  jj^  gandan.     Gebar  gandan  :  a  large  cover  of  silk 
^  cloth  ;  a  rich  cloth  placed  over  a  divan. 

.  j^  gandin.     A  mallet ;  a  heavy  wooden  hammer. 

t,^gandu.     Bnwah    gandu:  a   hard    black    fruit 
^^^      (unidentified)  used  as  a  ball  in  playing  some 
children's  games. 

A  JoS    gundu.     A  name  given  to  the  player  who  has 
^  the  throw   (when  playing  marbles  or  similar 

Malay  games). 

(jSmJjS    gandawari.    A    figure-head  or    lofty  prow 
"  attached  to  state  river- barges. 


GONDAH 


[    580    ] 


auwiT 


bJU.^ 


gondah.  Sorrow,  sadness,  despondency ; 
sorrowing  after.  Gondah  gulana  :  (intransitive) 
extreme  sorrow  or  repining.  Hati  yang 
gondah :  a  sorrowing  heart,  sorrowful  feelings. 

Gondahkan :  to  sorrow  after.  G,  buwah 
di-makan  burong :  to  repine  over  (the  loss  of)  a 
fruit  which  has  been  eaten  by  birds ;  to  mourn 
over  a  girl  becoming  the  bride  of  another; 
Prov.,  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  14. 

^  JuS  gandai.  A  gold  frontlet  worn  by  a  bride ;  a 
variant  of  gandek, 

^j^^'^gandi.     A  bow  (the  weapon).     Also  gandewa, 
-  Main  g, :  archery. 

i<Jj3    gSndi.     A  variant  of  kendi,  q.  v. 

3J AO    gSindewa.      [Skr.     and     Jav.]      A  bow  (the 
-^  weapon).     Also  gandi. 

j^^y*%0  gSnis.  The  teeth  in  a  cow-elephant  corres- 
ponding to  the  tusks  in  the  bull-elephant. 
Also  geneh. 


IIkMaJw 


gansang.     A^(Riau)  variant  of  gasang,  q.  v. 


u-lu  gSnap.  Completeness ;  fullness ;  evenness  in 
number.  Duwa  puloh  genap  :  quite  twenty,  a 
full  score.  Genap  atau  ganjil:  even  or  odd. 
&mpat  ganjily  lima  genap :  four  is  odd  and  five 
even  ;  black  is  white ;  two  and  two  make  five ; 
Prov. 

Lengkap  genap :  fully  complete,  quite  com- 
plete; Ht.  Abd.,  50,  191,  451,  482.  Also 
lengkap  dengan  genap, 

Sa-genap :  every.  Sa-genap  tempat :  every- 
where. Sa-genap  kali  :  every  single  occasion. 
Sa-genap  tuboh :  all  over  the  body.  Sa-genap 
perkara :  every  circumstance ;  all  the  circum- 
stanced. 

Sa-telah  genap:  on  the  completion  of.  Sa- 
telah  genap  duwa  bilas  tahtm  Himur-nya :  when  he 
had  fully  attained  the  age  of  twelve ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  4.  Sa4elah  genap-lah  bnlan-nya:  when 
her  months  (of  pregnancy)  were  completed ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  II ;  Ht.  Abd.,  15. 

Menggenapi :  to  complete  ;  to  add  to  anything 
so  as  to  make  it  complete ;  Sej.  Mai.,  97. 

Py3    gSnuwang.     A     speckled     deer    with     short 
C=r  straight  horns.     Also  bennwang, 

tjj^  gSneh.     The  teeth  in  a  cow-elephant  corres- 
ponding to  the  tusks  in  the  male.     Also  genis, 

^    g§ni.    [Jav.  from  Skr.  agni,']    Fire. 

icyup    gSnitSri.     A  tree  (unidentified). 

luS    gSniyok.     Menggeniyok :  to  impede  the  upward 

growth  of  a  tree  with   a  view  to  making  it 
spread  laterally. 


J' 


jP  gu.  Yoke ;  (by  metaphor)  a  pair,  a  yoke,  when 
speaking  of  draught  oxen.     Also  igti. 

\p  guwa.  I.  [Chin,  goa,]  I;  the  first  person 
singular  as  used  by  Chinese ;  Ht.  Abd.,  308, 
346;  Cr.  Gr.,  75.    Cf.  lu, 

IL     A  cave.     Also  goha  or  guha,  q.  v. 

S^  gobar.     Gloomy,  sombre,  overcast ;  darkness  ; 
^^      a  dark  appearance  such  as  that  presented  by 
the  sea  when  a  storm  is  brewing;    Sh.    Sri 
Ben.,  48;  cf.  also  Sh.  Lamp.,  30. 

^u^jp    gubSmador.     [Port,  govemador.]     A  gover- 
nor. 


jj,  Ji    gubSmor.     Eng.     A  governor ;  v.  gebernor, 

%)S  gobang  or  gubang.     I.     A  one-masted  sea- 
^  going  native  ship  {peralm)  of  a  Bugis  type. 

n.  A  notch  cut  in  the  trunk  of  a  tree  to 
facilitate  climbing. 

III.  A  coin  of  the  value  of  about  2J  cents. 
Also  kobang,     Cf.  hipang, 

IV.  A  kind  of  song  ;  Kl, 

li^    gobak.     A  thick  flat  cake  ;  Kl. 

ijy    gobek.     I.     A   bamboo   cylinder  (one  end  of 

which  is  closed)  in  which  areca-nut  is  pounded 
for  the  use  of  men  whose  teeth  do  not  permit 
of  its  being  crushed  in  the  mouth;  the  process 
of  so  pounding  betel-nut.  Mata  g,  :  the  chisel- 
shaped  extremity  of  the  pounder  in  the  gobek. 

II.  To  strike  (an  expression  used  in  playing 
porok) . 

liS^  gubak.     (Kedah.)     A  feeling  of  fear  ;  nervous- 
ness. 

V,  X*^  gubal.     That  section  or  part  of  the  trunk  of  a 
^-^      tree  which  lies  immediately  under  the  bark 
and  which  separates  the  bark  {knlit  kayu)  from 
the  hard  wood  inside  (teras) . 

Nyior  g.  :  a  coco-nut  with  the  husk  cut  off  so 
as  to  lighten  it  for  transport, 

<>y    gubah.     Sticking  (  a  flower  or  ornament)  into 
^       the  hair  of  the  head ;  implanting,  placing  or 
wearing  in  the  hair;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.,  Ht.  Koris; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Tajok  giibahan  :  a  tuft,  aigrette,  or  nosegay 
stuck  in  the  hair  by  way  of  adornment. 
Tiyada4ah  pernah  di-persunting-nya  tajok  gii- 
bahan yang  di-jambafigan  itu :  he  has  never 
worn  the  tuft  of  flowers  in  that  parterre  ;  (by 
metaphor)  he  has  never  taken  advantage  of 
the  good  fortune  which  lies  at  his  disposal ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  37. 


^/ 


guwit.     A  gentle  sidelong  push  with  the  foot. 
Cf.  chiiwit  and  knwit. 


GOTIS 


[    581    ] 


GUSAR 


\j^y    gotis.      Menggotis:  to  break   (the  stalk  of  a 
flower)  ;  to  snap  (a  connecting  link).     Cf.  getas. 

^S    gotok.     The  process  of  making  chandu  ;  Kl. 

d^£   gOChoh.     Striking  with  the  fist ;  Ht.    Bakht., 
'  71.     G.  tampar :  striking   and  slapping;    Ht. 

Ism.  Yat.,  168  ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  29.  Bergochoh 
bertampar :  with  fisticuffs  and  slaps  ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng.  Kena  g, :  to  be  struck  with  the  fist ; 
Sh,  Sri  Ben.,  94. 

Gochohi  :  to  strike  (a  blow)  with  the  fist ;  Sh. 
Sri  Ben.,  35.  Menggochoh  :  to  strike  (a  person) 
with  the  fist.  Biyar-lah  isUri-nya  datang 
menggochoh  madti-nya  :  let  his  wife  come  and 
fight  her  rival;  Ht.  Koris. 


^  <^  guchi 

^J^  Tt    iq   1 


A  vessel  of  yellow  glazed  earthenware. 
It  is  used  as  a  sort  of  hot-water  jug. 

goda.  Incitement ;  spurring  on;  urging  on  ; 
pursuing  ;  following ;  goading.  Mcnggoda  :  to 
goad  on ;  to  urge  on. 

In  one  passage  goda  has  the  sense  of  tempting. 
Sang  Ranjuna  di-goda  tUeh  hidadariyang  ketujoh  : 
Arjuna  being  tempted  by  the  seven  nymphs  of 
heaven  ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 

i  sX'    gudang,     A  store-house ;    a    warehouse ;   an 
C-^      office  or  *'godown;'^  Ht.  Abd.,  255;    Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.,  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  80.     Also  gedong, 

-  s  ^    godak.     Mixed.     Nasi  g.  :   a   preparation   of 
^  ^      rice  used  as  a  medicine. 

/k^S    godok.     Godok  kepala  :  the  occipital  bone. 


r^/ 


godam.  A  heavy  pounding  blow  with  a 
hammer  or  club ;  the  striking  of  such  a  blow ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Menggodam :  to  strike  a  blow  with  a 
hammer;  Ht.  Mar,  Mah.  Penggodam :  a 
hammer,  club,  or  mace  for  striking  heavy 
pounding  blows ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 


^  y        hnhh 


(Onom.  ?) 
hubble-bubble. 


Giidii'gtidu  :  a  hookah,   a 


U^2 


./ 


goris.  A  scratched  line;  a  scratch;  a  line 
marked  on  a  soft  surface  by  drawing  any 
pointed  thing  over  it ;  Ht,  Abd.,  26.  G.  apt : 
matches. 

Goriskan:  to  scratch  (anything). 

Bergoris  :  scratched ;  lined  with  scratches. 


i   ^  goreng.     Frying ;  the  process  of  cooking  in  a 

(2-^      frying  pan.     Ikan  g. :  fried  fish.      Btinyi-nya 

saperti    bereteh    di-goreng :    it    sounded    like 

parched  rice  being  cooked  in  a  pan  ;  a  simile 

for  the    cracking    of  musketry;    Ht.    Abd., 

113- 

Goreng'gorengan  :  cooked  food  generally  ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Nata. 


XL 


>/ 


X. 


s 


^J>. 


4 


>n 


■/ 


gorap  or  gurap.     I.      [Arab.^\^.]     A  type 

of  sailing-vessel ;  a  sort  of  dhow. 

11.  A  salt-water  shell-fish,  capsa  deflorata. 
Also  kurap. 

guram.  Cooking  in  a  dry  pan  on  the  fire. 
Cf.  goreng, 

gurun,     I.     Wilderness.     Kambing  g. :  a  wild 
goat.     Also  kambing  gerun,   kambing     burunt 
and  kambing  hntan, 
II.     Pmggnnm :  a  scarecrow.      V.  gerun, 

gurau.  Sporting,  jesting,  joking;  the  mak- 
ing of  jests.  Senda  g, :  id.  G.  jenaka  :  id.; 
Ht.  Koris,  Madah  pantun  senda  gurauwan : 
with  jokes  and  rhymes  and  quips  and  cranks  ; 
Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  25.  Bergurau:  to  jest; 
to  joke;  to  interchange  jests. 

guru.  [Skr.  gtiru.]  A  teacher.  Munshi  herti- 
nya  guru :  a  mtmshi  by  which  is  meant  a 
teacher.  Menjadi  guru  daripada  igama  dan 
behasa  :  to  become  a  teacher  of  religion  and 
language. 

Mak  guru  or  siti  guru  :  a  female  teacher ;  a 
school-mistress. 

Guruwan  :  teaching.    Orang  g, :  a  teacher. 

Berguru  :  to  take  as  teacher  ;  to  learn  from ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  90;  Ht.  Abd.,  14,  51, 

In  ancient  literature  guru  is  specially  used  of 
a  teacher  of  magic  arts  and  incantations.  The 
word  is  even  now  often  used  in  this  specialised 
sense,  cf.  Ht.  Abd.,  154, 

Betara  guru  :  the  descriptive  name  by  which 
Siva  was  best  known  to  the  ancient  Javanese ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

gorah  or  gurah.     I.     Menggorah  :  to  spill. 
II.     Gorahan  :  the  floor  of  a  furnace. 

guroh.  Thunder.  Guroh  pun  berbunyi4ah 
sayup-sayup  :  the  thunder  rolled  dimly  in  the 
distance ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Ribut  yang  besar 
serta  guroh  dan  petir  kilat  itu :  a  violent  storm 
with  thunder  and  ligUtiiing;  Ht.  Abd.,  370. 
Jangan  di-dengar  guroh  di-langit  ayer  tempayan 
di'churahkan :  do  not,  on  hearing  thunder  in 
the  sky,  empty  out  the  water  in  your  receiving 
jar ;  do  not  count  on  rain  till  it  actually  comes ; 
Prov. 
Gemuroh :  to  thunder. 

guri.  I.  A  small  earthenware  vessel;  J.  S. 
A.  S.,  I.,  97;  Ht,  Sh.  Kub. 

11.  China  guri:  a  plant-name.  Also 
sHeguri, 

gusar.  The  rise  of  anger;  being  angered. 
Gusar-kah  adinda  dengan  abang :  are  you,  my 
love,  angry  with  me ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Jangan 
gusar :  do  not  be  offended ;  Kam,  Kech,,  13. 
Gusari  :  to  become  angry,  to  get  angry ;  Sh. 
Bid.,  19,  30;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  27,  113,128. 
Menggusari :  id.,  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 


73 


OUSONG 


[    582    ] 


OOLEK 


k^y    gusong. 


A  sandbank.     Also  busong. 


gOSOk.     Friction,  rubbing  ;  the  application  of 

friction.  Di-gosok-nya  pula  tembaga  itu  dengan 
satujenis  abu :  he  then  rubbed  the  brass  with 
a  kind  of  powder;  Ht.  Abd,,  453. 

Gosokkan :  to  rub,  to  scrub ;  Ht.  Koris. 
Menggowk:  id.;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  27,  32;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb.     Menggosokkan  :  id.;  Muj.,  46. 


j%*iy    gusi.     I.     The   gums.     Gusi    dan    lidah :   the 
gums  and  the  tongue ;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  i. 

II,    Jib  gusi  :    the  jib  proper ;  Pel.  Abd.,  48. 


^^  gOpoh,  Haste  or  hurry.  Gopoh-gopoh  : 
extremely  hurried ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.  ;Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  78.  G.  gapah :  id.; 
Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  2.  G.  mamang :  id.;  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  364.     G.  mamam  :  (Kedah)  id. 

Dengan   tergopoh-gopoh :    in   extreme    haste ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  15,  125. 

PP  B^LgOV.  Unnatural,  premature,  unwilling  or 
-^•^  unintentional  falling;  miscarriage;  the  fall  of 
anything  that  would  naturally  be  expected 
not  to  fall.  G.  pengsan  :  to  fall  fainting  to  the 
ground;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  122.  Anak  g,  :  a 
miscarriage;  a  premature  delivery.  Bintang 
g.:  a  falling  star;  Sh,  Tab.  Mimp.,  3.  G. 
bunga  :  the  falling  of  flowers ;  Sh,  B.  A.  M.,  8 ; 
J.  S.  A,  S.,  I.,  93.  G.  rahat  duriyan:  a 
general  fall  of  durians  from  a  tree;  Ht.  Abd., 
414. 

Kegugoran  :     the  act  or  process  of  premature 
fall;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  17. 

Menggugorkan :     to  let  fall;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

^\  gUgUS.  Patchiness ;  consisting  of  clumps  or 
^J^y  clusters,  and  not  altogether  continuous. 
Rambtd-nya  g. :  with  patchy  hair.  G.  pidan- 
pulaii :  a  cluster  of  islands,  an  archipelago. 
Btmga-nya  (api  itu)  jatoh  bergugtiS'gugus  :  the 
sparks  fell  in  clusters;  Ht.  Abd.,  363. 

\Ks'  g]'^S^P»     Confused  uproar;  clamour.  G.  riyoh  : 
y      id.  (intensilied).    Cf.  gegap  and  gegak, 

K^    gogol.     A  chisel  with  a   long   handle.     This 
L/^y      chisel   is   used  by   braziers   for  scraping  the 
inner  portions  of  copper  vessels. 

^S  gogah.     Pers.     Alarm, 

^S    gogoh.     Shivering   as   the   result  of  extreme 
^      cold. 

\p  gula.  Sugar;  a  generic  name  for  sugars. 
^-*^  Matt  sBmut  kena  gida  :  ants  die  in  sugar ;  evil 
passions  are  killed  by  kindness ;  Prov,  Manis 
laksanagula  dBrawa :  sweet  as  syrup ;  Prov.,  Ht. 
Koris.  Manis  saperti  gula  derawa:  id.,  Ht. 
Mas.  Ed. 


G.  batu  :  loaf  sugar. 

G.  mUaka  andg'.  tuwak :  a  sugary  substance 
obtained  from  coco-nut  juice. 

G.  pasir :  granular  sugar. 

G.  ulu :  a    sugary    material    obtained    from 
kabong  juice. 

Ayer  g. :  syrup. 
*jjS  gulana.     Sorrow,  sadness ;  v.  gondah. 


tJ 


golot.  Hurried  arrangement ;  hurrying  and 
fussing  over  work.  Kaluwar  masok  bergolot- 
golot :  rushing  in  and  out,  hurrying  and 
fussing;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  115. 

golang.  Golang-golek  :  the  swaying  of  a  circular 
object . 

guling.  Turning  anything  round,  giving  a 
circular  motion  to  anything;  revolution,  rolling. 
G.  gantang  :  rolling  over  and  over.  G.  garak  : 
rolling  to  one  side  and  then  to  another  as  a 
sleeper  who  does  not  wish  to  get  up.  Batu 
besar  berguling  turun,  batu  kechil  berguling  naik : 
the  large  rocks  come  rolling  down,  the  small 
stones  go  rolling  up ;  a  reversal  of  fortune 
which  ruins  many  previously  wealthy  and 
sets  poor  men  in  their  place ;  Prov.  Cf. 
gulong,  golang,  and  golek, 

Hukum  guling  batang  :  a  punishment  consist- 
ing of  putting  a  man  in  a  nail-studded  barrel 
and  rolling  the  barrel  about  till  the  man  dies. 

Gulingan :  a  rolling  motion  ;  turning  round 
and  round. 

Gulingkan :  to  roll  (any  long  body)  round 
and  round;  to  cause  anything  to  rotate;  Ht. 
Ind.  Nata.  Menggulingkan :  id.;  Ht.  Abus., 
23;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  8  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Terguling-guling :  rolling  about;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. 

Guling  is  also  used  of  rubbing  a  ball  of  egg 
on  a  diseased  part  of  the  body  in  the  hope  of 
curing  the  disease ;  cf.  alin, 

gulong.  Twisting  (anything)  round  itself  or 
round  anything  else ;  rolling  up ;  giving  the 
shape  of  a  roll  to  anything.  Tikar  duwa  g. : 
two  rolls  of  matting;  two  mats  rolled  up. 
Ular  g.  btdai  :  a  sea-snake  (unidentified);  also 
ular  bidai,  v.  bidai. 

MenggtUong :  to  roll  up,  to  wind  up.  Meng- 
gtdong  belalai-nya  ka-atas  kepala-nya :  winding 
its  trunk  round  his  head;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 
M.  layar :  to  roll  up  a  sail;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  23. 

golak.  Golak'galek :  topsy-turvy ;  the  wrong 
way  about;  Sh.  Lamp,,  8,  34;  =  bolak-balek, 

golek.     Easily  swaying,  as  an  object  with  a 

high  centre  of  gravity ;  easily  shaken  or  rolled. 
Golang  golek :  the  swaying  of  a  large  ball  or 
other  circular  object. 

Dayong  g, :  an  oar  of  European  type. 


GOLOK 


[    583    ] 


GOHA 


js/ 


Hantu  g, :  a  ghost  which  rolls  along  the 
ground,  being  unable  to  walk  owing  to  its 
being  iDOund  up  in  its  grave-clothes.  Also 
hantu  bnngkus. 

Sampan  g, :  (Penang)  the  common  sampan 
or  Chinese  shoe-boat. 

Golekkan :  to  turn  a  thing  over  and  over. 

Tergolek :  turned  over,  rolling  over.  Rebah 
t, :  falling  and  rolling  over;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  92. 
Tertawa  tergolek-golek :  rolling  over  and  over 
with  laughter;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub, 

Cf.  guling,  gulong,  kolak^  golak,  kalek,  etc. 

golok.     A   chopper  or   bill-hook  for  clearing 

jungle, 

G.  bangkong :  a  heavy,  slightly  curved  chopper 
with  a  broad  blade. 

G.  chakok :  a  chopper  the  point  of  which  is 
turned  down. 

G.kelmg:Si  blunt  heavy  chopper  for  rough 
work. 

G.  rernbau:  a  bill-hook. 

HabiS'lah  keris  tinggal-lah  golok :  when  his 
keris  was  done  with,  he  still  had  his  bill-hook ; 
Sh,  Dag.,  II. 

Suroh    kerja   golok  kUing, 
Siiroh  makan  parang  pnting : 

he  is  the  bluntest  of  choppers  when  you  tell 
him  to  work  and  the  sharpest  of  cutters  when 
you  bid  him  eat ;  Prov. 

gulu.    L    Gulu  mayar :  v.  kelemayar. 
II.     Guhi  mornor :  v.  kelemomor, 

gulai.  Curried  food  to  be  eaten  with  rice. 
Ikan  di-gulai  sudah  melompat :  the  fish  in  the 
curry  jumped  out  (of  the  pot) ;  incredible  bad 
luck ;  Prov.  Gulai  sedap,  nasi  rnentah ;  nasi 
sBdap  gulai  menfah :  when  the  curry  is  good, 
the  rice  is  insufficiently  cooked ;  when  the  rice 
is  good,  the  curry  is  insufficiently  cooked; 
nothing  is  perfect ;  Prov. 

Minggulai:  (i)  to  curry  anything;  Sh.  Raj. 
Haji,  182,  183;  (2)  to  prepare  curry;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng.  Mempergulaikan  :  to  curry  (anything) ; 
Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  62. 


mS   guwam.     A  disease  (of  the  nature  of  sprue?) 
1^       attacking  young  children. 

^X*^  gumis.     Finished,     exhausted;     a     (Penang) 
^"^^^       equivalent  of  habis. 


equn 

gomeng.      Dwarfed,      stunted;      a     (Kedah) 
variant  of  komeng, 

\aS    gomoL     Bergomol :  to  struggle  as  a  wrestler  ; 

*"^^       to  be  engaged  in  wrestling ;  to  fight  with  the 

weapons  with  which  nature  has  provided  man ; 

Ht.   Sh.    Kub.;    Ht.   Mar.   Mah,;    Ht.   Ind. 

Meng.;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 


^^^  gtma.  [Skr. guna.]  Use,  utility;  (in  ancient 
works  especially)  magic,  wonder-working 
philtres.     Hairdn-lah  pada  piktran-ku  apa  pula 

guna-nya  memdis  nama-nama  orang  choma- 
choma :  I  mentally  wondered  what  could 
possibly  be  the  use  of  writing  dow^n  people's 
names  without  doing  anything  more ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  36.  Sesal  dahulu  pcndapatan^  sesal  kemu- 
diyan  apa  gnna-nya :  repentance  in  time  is 
profit,  but  of  what  use  is  repentance  that 
comes  too  late ;  Prov. 

Guna-gana :  mentally  confused;  bewilderment. 

Gunakan :  to  make  use  of;  Ht.  Abd.,  258. 
Menggunakan  and  pergunakan  :  id.;  Ht.  Abd., 
54,  402. 

Berguna  :  useful.  Patut  di-pelajarkan  behasa 
^Arab  karena  ya-iiu  berguna  kapada  igama  dan- 
lagi  dalani  akhirat :  it  is  right  to  learn  Arabic 
for  it  is  useful  for  devotional  purposes  and 
it  will  be  useful  in  the  world  to  come ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  48, 

Ubat  guna :  a  philtre;  Ht.  Abd.,  154,  390. 
Guna  pengaseh  :  a  love-potion ;  a  love  philtre ; 
Ht.  Koris.  Kena  guna :  to  be  affected  by  a 
magic  philtre;  Sh.  Ul.,  31 ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  32. 
Pergunaan :  magical  properties;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 
Cf.  also  gunawan, 

"s^S  g'^^^.wan.     [Skr.    gunawani.]     Possessed    of 
^-^  -^      magic  skill ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.,  Ht.  Berm.  Shahd. ; 
V.  guna. 


t^ 


gixnong.  Mountain;  a  lofty  mountain  in 
contradistinction  to  a  hill  (bukit).  Duwa 
buwah  gunong:  two  mountains ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Chempaka  g, :  (literally)  the  mountain 
champak ;  liliodendron  lilifcra^  Cr. 

Gunong  is  often  used  as  a  term  of  endearment 
conveying  the  idea  of  a  mountain  of  gems. 
G.  baiduri:  a  mountain  of  opals;  id.;  Ht.  Pg. 
Ptg. 

Merak   mas   burong   dewata 
Matt   di-panah  dewa  di-awan; 

Gunong  mas  tambak  permata 

Mana-kah  sama   dengan   bangsawan : 

a  mountain  of  gems  banked  higher  with  pearls 
is  not  to  be  compared  (in  preciousness)  with 
my  beloved.  Harap  hati  nak  pelok  gunong : 
I  hoped  to  embrace  a  mountain  (of  gems),  i.e., 
a  girl  of  rare  charms ;  Prov.,  see  s.  v.  biyawak, 

gimam.  The  kneeling  of  a  royal  elephant  to 
permit  of  a  sovereign  mounting. 

goni  or  guni.  A  sack;  a  "gunny-bag;"  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub.;  Ht.  Abd.,  204,236,  256;  Sh.  Pant. 
Shi.,  7. 


ft^goha. 


A  cave,  a  cavern.  Mulut-nya  iernganga- 
nganga  saperti  sa- buwah  goha  :  its  mouth  gaped 
wide  like  a  cavern  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Aku4ah 
masok  ka-dalam  goha  itu  :  I  entered  the  cave ; 
Ht.  jay.  Lengg. 
Also  gowa  and  guwa. 


QOYANG 


[    584    ] 


aisiB 


t^ 


<U 


goyang.  A  shaking  or  swaying  motion. 
Kerosig. :  a  rocking  chair.  Tiyang  g. :  a  pecu- 
liar post  in  the  stern  of  some  types  of  boats  to 
which  an  oar-rudder  (kemiidisepak)  is  attached. 

Ber goyang :  to  shake  (intransitive) ;  to  sway 
from  side  to  side  ;  Ht,  Abd.,  75.  M^nggoyang 
and  menggoyangkan  :  to  give  a  swaying  motion 
to  anything ;  to  shake  (transitive)  ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  ig,  21. 

jly    guyu.     Mmggtiyu  :  to  tease  ;  Kl. 

J  S^  gonyeh.     Mastication  without  teeth ;  chewing 
*-^      between  the  gums. 

Orang   tuwa   makan  daging^ 
Gonyeh'gonyeh   tiyada  hanchor ; 

Kechewa  golok  meninggal  puting^ 
Baja   di'tokok   habis    bertabor : 

when  aged  (toothless)  people  try  to  eat  meat 
they  may  chew  and  chew  but  they  cannot 
crush  it  up. 

To'   Pulau   Lidi 

Gulai   ikan   telan, 
Dato'    ta'-bergigi 

Gonyeh'gonyeh    telan  : 

the  headman  of  Pulau  Lidi  curried  a  telan 
fish ;  as  the  old  man  had  no  teeth  he  mouthed 
the  fish  and  swallowed  it. 

^  \^  gonyoh.     Rubbing   till  the  sweat   pours  out 
's-y        (as     one     is    rubbed   in    a    Turkish     bath) ; 
scrubbing  the  flesh  to  force  impurities  out. 

^  gah.  Dignity,  importance,  greatness,  pride  ; 
arrogance,  haughtiness.  Bukan  daripada  gah 
dan  takabbnr :  not  out  of  arrogance  or  pride ;  Ht. 
Ism.  Yat.,  12.  Kemorahan  dan  gah  mashhtir- 
nya  :  his  generosity,  his  greatness  and  his  fame ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  14.  Barang  di-tambah  Tuhan 
pangkat  darjat-nya  serta  beruleh  gah  kebesaran  : 
may  God  increase  his  rank  and  may  he  obtain 
greatness  and  power;   Marsd.  Gr.,  137. 

\j^  g^hara.  Legitimacy;  lawful,  legitimate. 
Anak  g.  :  a  legitimate  child;  a  child  by  a  fully 
wedded  wife.  Dtiwa  orang  itu  anak  gehara 
dan  sa-orang  anak  gundek  :  two  were  children 
of  full  rank  while  the  third  was  his  child  by  an 
inferior  wife ;  Sej.  Mai.,  69.  Raja  yang  gehara  : 
a  lawful  king ;  a  king  of  full  royal  blood  ;  Sh. 
Sri  Ben.,  49. 

Kain  chindai  gehara  :  a  rich  cloth  fabric. 


J 


;Wi    g§haru. 


^j^f*  ^t?jLia,ru.  Kayn  geharu :  a  fragrant  wood, 
agila  wood.  Di-Uiwar  kota  pan  di-timbun' 
kan-nya  dengan  kayu  khalambak  dan  geharu  dan 
chindana  :  outside  the  fort  (funeral  pyre)  they 
heaped  up  camphor  wood,  agila  wood,  and 
sandal  wood ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Sudah  geharu  chendana  pula :  "  it  was  agila 
wood  and  now  it  is  sandal-wood  again,"  — 
a  proverbial  expression  used  as  a  rhyming  equi- 
valent for  sudah  tahu  birtanya  pula  (you  have 
been  told  and  here  you  come  asking  me  again) ; 
V.  chendana. 


^^V^gtoari.    A  wi.„.  of  »,.,»„■,  q.v. 

^j    gi.     [Hind,  ghi,]     Ghee,  clarified  butter. 

ij^S    gibas.      [Arab,     kibash.]     Kambing   g. :     the 
Arabian  sheep. 


jub    gebang.     L     The  name   of  a  shell-fish;   also 
^         gewang. 

n.  Swagger,  pride,  boastfulness,  exaggera- 
tion. 

kJS    gebeng.     L     Eng.     The  cabin  of  a  ship. 

n.  A  long  native  boat  with  a  rudder  of 
European  type.  Dayong  g,  :  an  oar  the  blade 
of  which  is  nailed  on  to  the  shaft. 


^ 


getek.     L     The  suggestion  of  immorality;  a 

loose  gait  or  manner.  Menunjok  g, :  to  assume 
a  profligate  manner  or  bearing.  Menggetek  : 
id.;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  5. 

n.     Jav.     A  small  bamboo  raft. 


lT- 


>»j^  giras.     Kain  giras  :  a  coarse  linen  fabric  made 
in  India. 


M' 


t^ 


gerang.  Extreme  eagerness  ;  zest  ;  keenness. 
Tiiwan  puteri  Chanderawati  itu-pun  bercherai- 
lah  dengan  segala  dayang-dayang-nya  sebab 
gerang -ny a  memungut  bunga-btmgaan  itu  :  the 
Princess  Chandrawati  separated  herself  from 
her  maids  of  honour  in  consequence  of  her 
eagerness  to  pluck  the  flowers ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 


giring.     I.     Menggiring  to  drive  wild  animals ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  72,  73. 

II.  A  peculiar   bell  made  out  of  a  sea-shell, 
Sej.  Mai.,  144.    Also  giring-giring. 

III.  G.    angin:     a   bird     like     a   swallow. 
G,  landak  and  iemu  g. :  names  of  plants. 


j^^  girap.     Quickening  the  stroke  when  rowing, 

-  ^  gerek  or  girek.     I.     Boring  ;   making  a  hole 

*'^*  or  driving  a  sharp  instrument  into  a  hole ;  the 
process  of  cleaning  the  aural  cavity  with  a 
feather.     Menggerek  :  to  bore,  to  penetrate. 

II.      Eagerness;     keenness     in     work     or 
pleasure ;  =  gerang. 


sjf^^ 


[Skr.  giri,']  A  mountain.  The  word 
only  occurs  in  compounds,  ^.g".,  indera-giri, 
the  name  of  a  state  in  Sumatra  near  Siak. 


gisar.  Menggisar  :  to  twist ;  to  give  a  twisting 
motion  to  anything;  a  transitive  variant  of 
kisar. 

gisir .  Rubbing  or  scraping  past  another  body 
(as  when  two  ships  strike  each  other  at  a  very 
acute  angle) ;  =  (Jav.)  gtngsir.     Cf.  gesek. 


GESEK 


[    585    ] 


GELER 


ij"**^ 


gesek.      Rubbing  or  scraping  a    sharp  edge 

against  anything, — used  especially  of  playing 
the  violin.  To" -dan  gesek  biyola  hendak 
menari  dahtdu  :  before  you  have  time  to  scrape 
your  fiddle  he  is  off  trying  to  dance  ;  excessive 
self-assertion ;  Prov.  Menggesek  :  to  rub  or 
scrape.  M.  biyola:  to  play  the  violin.  Cf. 
gosok,  gisir  and  gesel, 

gesel.  Rubbing  two  sticks  or  other  light 
bodies  gently  against  one  another, — used 
especially  of  ignition  by  friction.     Cf.  gesek, 

gisi.  Gnawing  the  very  bones ;  eating  what  is 
usually  left  untouched  at  a  meal. 

giyang.  Lustfulness;  shameless  behaviour: 
lascivious.  Giyang  sangat  bisi  chelaka  ini ; 
this  accursed  harlot  is  over-lascivious ;  Ht. 
Best.     Cf.  biyang  and  miyang. 


^ 


giyong. 

Lr       porok. 


A    technical    term    in    the    game 


jT 


giyap.  Giyap-giyap  :  timid  hesitation ;  half- 
heartedness  as  the  result  of  fear; 
nervousness. 


A  curtain ;  Kl. 


gigit.  Biting ;  cf.  gigi.  Kti  gigit  teltrnjok-kti : 
I  bit  my  finger  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  114.  Hidong  di- 
chiyiim  pipi  di-gigit :  while  kissing  the  nose  to 
bite  the  cheek  ;  doing  an  injury  under  cover 
of  kindness ;  Prov. 

Bergigit :  in  the  act  of  biting ;  to  bite. 
Bergigitkan :  to  cause  (anything)  to  bite. 
Yang  berkuda  bergigitkan  kiida-nya  :  those  who 
were  mounted  made  their  horses  bite  (the 
enemy)  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Menggigit:  to  bite  ;  to  create  a  pain  similar 
to  that  of  a  bite.  Orang  sakit  penit  memulas 
afau  menggigit :  a  man  suffering  from  griping 
or  biting  pains  in  the  stomach. 

J>^  geger  or  gigir.  Noisy  panic  ;  the  clamour  of 
fear  or  anxiety ;  Ht.  Sh. ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ;  Ht. 
Raj.  Sul.,  I  ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

^%S    gigi.     A  tooth  whether    natural  or  artificial ; 

-  *  anything  of  the  nature  or  appearance  of  teeth 
(such  as  the  teeth  of  a  saw) ;  (in  a  few  expres- 
sions) the  confines  or  edge  of  anything. 
Sa-bilah  g. :  one  tooth ;  Sh.  Ch.  Ber.,  4. 
Sa-buwah  g, :  id.;  Muj.,  61. 

G.  anjing :  the  canine  teeth. 

G.  asmara  danta  :  fair  white  |:eeth  ;  *Ht.  Mas. 
Ed. 

G.  asti :  =  g,  anjing. 

G.  ayer  :  the  rippled  surface  of  water. 

G.  belalang:  black  teeth. 

G.  berdnkong :  double  or  overlapping  teeth. 

G.  hutan  :  the  fringe  of  the  jungle. 


G.  jentira :  the  teeth  of  a  toothed  wheel. 
G.  kapak  :  large  front  teeth. 
G.  latit :  high-water  mark. 

G.  manis :  the  incisor  teeth;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah. 

G.  parang-parang:  small  separated  teeth; 
Pel.  Abd.,  67. 

G.  ptitaran  :  =  g.  j  inter  a, 

G.sambut:  teeth  when  those  of  the  lower 
jaw  fold  outside  those  of  the  upper. 

G,  seri  :  =  g,  asu, 

G.  sisir  :  the  teeth  of  a  comb. 

G.  siyong  :  =  g.  asu. 

G.  snlong  :  the  four  front  teeth. 

G.  tikns  :  small  regular  teeth. 

Asah  g.:  the  filing  of  teeth;  Ht.  Abd., 
204. 

Chnngkil  g, :  the  cleansing  of  teeth  with  a 
toothpick;  Ht.  Kal,  Dam.,  41. 

Karat  g, :  the  grinding  of  teeth. 

Penchtmgkil  g. :  a  toothpick. 

Cf.  gigit  and  gerigi. 


dS 


gila.  Madness,  insanity.  Saperti  laku  orang 
gila:  like  the  behaviour  of  a  madman;  Ht. 
Abd.,  14,  211. 

G.  'ashik  :  mad  with  love. 

G.  babi :  epilepsy. 

G.  behasa:  slightly  mad ;  cracked ;  eccentric ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  115. 

G.  beraki :  mad  with  love. 

G,  berangta:  =  g.  berahi. 

G.  pengsan-pengsan :  liability  to  intermittent 
fainting  fits. 

G.  nrat :  nymphomania. 

Lopak-lopak  g, :  a  pouch  worked  in  an  irre- 
gular and  puzzling  pattern. 

Murai  g,  :  a  fantail  flycatcher. 

Si'palek  g.  :  the  name  of  a  wonder-working 
charm. 

Gila  is  often  used  by  itself  in  the  sense  of 
the  madness  of  love ;  =  g.  berahi,  Banyak- 
lah  yang  gila  akan  Hang  Tuwah  itu :  there  were 
many  women  madly  in  love  with  Hang  Tuah  ; 
Sej.  MaL,  143. 

Gilakan :  to  madden;  to  render  insane;  Sh. 
Put.  Ak.,  40.  Menggilakan :  id. ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  80.  Gila  berahikan  and  g,  'ashikkan :  to 
madden  with  love.  Gilakan  is  also  used  (Ht. 
Ism.  Yat.,  47)  in  the  sense  of  falling  in  love 
with  ;=  gila  akan. 

Cf.  edan. 

geler  or  gilir.  Succession;  occurrence  in 
succession  or  in  turn.  lya  dudok  sampai giliran 
tari-nya  :  he  sat  down  till  it  came  to  his  turn 
to  dance;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  112. 
Bergilir  ka-btiritan: to  wear  ship;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XL,  41.  BergiUr-gilir :  in  succession;  one 
after  the  other  ;  =  birganti-ganti. 


GILIS 


[    586    ] 


jjJlS    gilis.     (Selangor.)     The  thole-strap  ;  v.  linggis, 

jj^^<^  gilang.     I.     Radiance    splendour,    brilliance. 

Q^  gilang-gimilang  :  dazzling  with  radiance,  as  a 
gem ;  sparkling.  Wajah-nya  gilang-gemilang  : 
his  face  was  radiant.  Terhit-lah  btilan  pernama 
impat  belas  hari-bulan  gilang-gemilang:  then 
rose  the  fourteen -day-old  moon,  the  full  moon 
radiantly  glowing ;  Ht.  Abd.,  222. 

11.  A  kind  of  toddy;  a  drink  often  men- 
tioned in  romances  and  poetry;  Ht.  Sh.;  Ht. 
Ind.  Meng.  ;  Sh.  Bid.,  95. 

giling.  Rolling  up,  as  a  cigarette  is  rolled  up ; 
rolling  into  a  cylindrical  or  spherical  shape  ; 
Muj.,  48,  49  ;  Ht.  Abd..  44.    CL  gelek, 

gilap.  Lustre  from  a  polished  surface; 
poHshing;  rendering  lustrous;  Ht.  Raj.  Don., 
50.     Mmggilap  :  to  polish. 

gelek.  The  act  of  folding  the  hand  or  twist- 
ing up  any  portion  of  the  body ;  a  bent  or 
folded  appearance  of  any  part  of  the  body ; 
the  rolling  out  of  the  wax  sheets  in  braziers' 
work. 

Menggelek  :  to  fold  (the  hand)  ;  to  bend  (the 
armor  leg).  Menggelek-gelekkan  leher-nya  :  to 
arch  the  neck  (of  a  long-necked  bird)  ;  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub. 

As    gilau.     A  variant  oikilan,  q.  v.;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


of 


LABAK 


giyam.     A  tree  (unidentified). 

gemang.     A  fish  (unidentified). 

giyan.  Exhaustion  (in  the  sense  of  money  or 
other  property  being  exhausted) ;   loss  of  all. 

Kalan   boros   lekas  giyan, 
Merapu   dana  hari   kemudiyan  : 

lavishness  leads  to  exhaustion  and  to  beggary 
in  the  days  to  come  ;  Prov. 

genang.  I.  Genang-genang :  a  native  sweet- 
meat. 

n.  Flowing,  of  tears.  Bergenang -genang  : 
to  flow  continuously,  of  tears;  Ht.  Raj.  Don., 
21;  Ht.  Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  26;  =  berlenang- 
lenang, 

giyau.  Pisau  penggiyau :  (Kedah)  a  reaping- 
hook  or  bill-hook  for  cutting  grass  or 
stubble. 

gewang.     I.     A  shell-fish  (unidentified.) 
II.     Waving  a  stick  in  front  of  oneself  by 
way    of  finding   out   whether     there   is   any 
obstacle  to  progress  (of  a  blind  man  or  of  a 
man  in  the  dark). 

giwah.     Pers.     A  kind  of  shoe. 

genyut.     Not  meeting ;  not  in  line  ;  askew. 


J 


A  The  letter  lam  ;  the  twenty-seventh  letter  of 
the  Malay  Alphabet ;  the  symbol  for  the 
number  30  in  the  Ahjad,  q.  v, 

H    la.     Arab.     Not. 

piil  laba.  I.  Great  profits ;  rich  returns ;  gain. 
Beruleh  L:  to  get  rich  returns;  to  profit 
considerably;  to  prosper  in  business;  Sh. 
Rej.,  4,  17 ;  Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  6. 

II.  Laba-laba  or  (Kedah)  lelaba:  a  spider. 
Bhar  laba-laba :  great  at  spider's  tricks,  i,e,, 
great  at  spinning  a  web  of  arguments  and 
excuses  to  cover  a  lie;  Prov,  Tebuwan 
meminang  anak  lelaba  :  the  hornet  wants  the 
spider's  daughter  in  marriage ;  an  incongruous 
alliance ;  Prov.  Bagaimana  laba-laba  chinta 
kaseh  sayang  kapada  Ulor-nya  :  as  passionately 
as  the  spider  loves  its  eggs ;  Prov.  Also 
labah-labah. 


j^^    li.bud.     [Arab.  Idbudda,]     Without  fail. 

^    labor.     I,     Smearing,    Ada  pula  orang  yang 

-^*        m^mbawakan   dawat  hitam  di-laborkan-nya  di- 

batu  itu :  others  brought  ink  and  smeared  it 


'^ 


over  the  stone  (so  as  to  decipher  the  char- 
acters on  it);  Ht.  Abd.,  237.  Melabor  puteh: 
to  whitewash. 

II.  Pelabor :  rations  supplied  to  troops  or 
labourers ;  money  advanced  to  meet  the  current 
expenses  of  any  enterprise.  Pelabor  habis, 
PBlembang  ta'-alah :  when  the  rations  (of  the 
besiegers)  were  exhausted,  Palembang  was 
still  uncaptured;  a  proverbial  description  of 
money  or  eifort  altogether  wasted.  Pelabor 
orang  bekerja  :  the  rations  of  the  workers ;  Ht. 
Hg.  Tuw.,  28. 

Tatike  labor :  the  (Chinese)  capitalist  financing 
a  tin  mine  in  Perak  or  Selangor. 


9-^    labfirang.     A  name  given  to  certain  tackle 
^  the  rigging  of  a  native  ship. 


m 


oJ    labang.     Melabang:     (Kedah)      to     wander 
Q        aimlessly;     to    travel    without    any    definite 


destination. 


labak. 

fied)". 


Ikak  labak  :  a  salt-water  fish  (unidenti- 


LABU 


[    587    ] 


LATAH 


y^ 


labu.  A  generic  name  given  to  gourds  and 
pumpkins;  a  calabash  used  as  a  drinking 
vessel.  Labic  berisi  ayev :  a  calabash  full  of 
water;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Labu  di-kerebok  tikus: 
a  gourd  pierced  by  a  rat ;  a  girl  who  has  been 
seduced ;  Pro  v. 

L,  ayev :  a  pumpkin,  cucurbita  pepo, 

L,  ayev  bMeher :  the  bottle  gourd  when  bottle 
shaped ;  v.  infra. 

L,  ayer  hutan :  a  small  wild  pumpkin  with 
bright  red  fruits  ;  trichosanthes  cordata. 

L,  ayev  puteh  :  a  variety  of  the  bottle  gourd  ; 
v.  infra. 

L,  batti:  a  pipkin  of  earthenware. 

L.jantong:  the  bottle  gourd  when  roughly 
heart-shaped ;  lagenaria  vulgaris, 

L.  labu :  a  calabash  for  holding  water. 

L.  mani^  :  the  gourd,  cuctirbita  pepo, 

L.  merah  :  the  gourd,  cuctirbita  maxima. 

L.  peringgi :  =  /.  manis. 

L .  tanah :  =  /.  batu, 

Siptit  I. :  a  shell,  imirex  haustellum, 

Tampok  L :  the  small  stalk  on  a  gourd ;  ( by 
metaphor)  the  clitoris,  especially  when  unna- 
turally enlarged.     Main  t,  labu  :  amor  lesbicus, 

Labu  is  also  used  as  a  cry  by  Malay  medicine 
men  (pawang)  when  they  want  a  crocodile  to 
rise  to  the  surface.  Melabu:  to  blow  one's 
body  out ;  to  swell  about  the  body ;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
II.,  159. 


Ajj    labah.     Labah-labah  :  a  spider;  v.  laba, 

4^    laboh.     Letting   down  or  lowering  by  means  j 

of  a  string,  rope,  or  cable ;  lowering  a  fishing-  ' 

line ;  anchoring ;  letting  down  chicks  or  cur-  j 

tains.     Ptikat  ku  laboh,  ikan  ta'-dapat :    I   let  I 
down  the  seine  net  and   caught   nothing;   I 
was  taken  in ;  Prov. 

Labohan :  an  anchorage;  Ht.  Abd.,  13,  no, 
459.     Pelabohan :  id.;  Ht.  Abd.,  190,  324, 

Labohkan:  to  lower,  to  let  down.  L.pukat: 
to  lower  seine-nets  into  the  sea;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub., 
20.  L.  keranda  best  kadalam  latit :  to  lower 
an  iron  bier  into  the  sea;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  L. 
tirai :  to  let  down  curtains;  Sh.  Bid.,  46;  Ht. 
Jay.  Lengg. 

Berlaboh :  to  moor,  to  anchor;  Ht.  Abd.,  122, 
128,  190,  324. 

Terlaboh:  lowered  (of  curtains);  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  104;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  129. 

^  labi.  Labi'labi :  small  soft-shelled  turtles; 
trionyx  cartilaginens  and  pelochelys  cantoris; 
Pel.  Abd.,  49. 

Siput  labi'labi:  a  large  shell-fish,  with  a 
peculiar  yellow-spotted  body. 


\i    l&t.     Arab.    The  name  of  a  God  of  the  old 
Arabians. 


lata.  Creeping;  the  crawling  of  insects. 
Melata :  to  creep.  Saperti  semut  melata :  like 
creeping  ants ;  Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  9.  Sakaliyan 
mergesettiwa  yang  melata :  all  creeping  things 
thathve;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  117.  Lata  melata: 
to  keep  creeping;  (by  metaphor)  to  chatter 
continuously.  Ayer  melata  :  torrential  flow  of 
water;  a  rapid;  Ht.  Koris. 

Labu   melata   mari, 
Kundor  melata  pergi : 

the  pumpkin  is  creeping  towards  us  and  the 
gourd  is  creeping  away  from  us  (to  meet  it) ; 
the  parties  are  meeting  each  other  half-way; 
Prov,,  cf.  J.  S.  A.  S,,  II.,  150. 

Ta'-tumbohi  ta' -melata:  if  there  is  no  growth, 
there  will  be  no  creeping; — a  proverbial 
equivalent  for  the  corresponding  rhyme  ^^ta'- 
sunggoh  orang  ta'-kata''  ^  :  if  it  is  not  true, 
people  would  not  be  saying  so;  ** there  is  no 
smoke  without  fire;'*  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  95. 

^    latok.     Parang  latok :    (Riau,  Johor)    a    long 

chopper,  the  end  of  the  blade  of  which  is 
turned  downwards. 


f 


M    latam.     The  process  of  stamping  down  loose 
'      earth  so  as  to  give  it  a  hard  surface;  treading 
or  pressing  down  (e.g".,  under  a  heavy  roller). 


43^^  latah.  A  peculiar  nervous  paroxysmal  disease. 
Its  principal  characteristics  are :  (i)  the 
paroxysms  are  always  provoked  by  a  shock  or 
by  startling  its  victim ;  (2)  the  paroxysms 
often  take  the  form  of  mimicry  and  appear  to 
be  suggested  to  the  victim ;  (3)  the  disease 
appears  to  be  in  some  way  sexual  and  its  fits 
are  often  accompanied  by  obscene  conduct 
or  language.  Maka  pennaisuri  pun  latah-lah 
saperti  orang  gila  tiyada  khabarkan  diri-nya: 
the  queen  fell  into  a  fit  of  latah  and  became 
as  one  mad,  not  knowing  what  she  was  doing ; 
Ht.  Koris.  K arena  bonda  Morah  di-dalam  latah- 
nya  bavang  kata  orang  semuwa  di-turut-nya: 
Mother  Morah  is  suffering  from  one  of  her  fits 
of  latah;  .ill  that  people  say  she  mimics;  Ht. 
Koris.  rura-pura  latah:  pretending  to  be  a 
latah  subject;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  23. 

Bukan-nya  patah,   ruwat ; 
Bukan-nya   latah,    di-buwat  buwat : 

it  is  not  broken  but  bent;  it  is  not  hysteria,  it 
is  only  pretence; — a  proverbial  expression, 
the  first  line  of  which  is  often  given  to  suggest 
the  second. 

L.  midut:  a  Hght  form  of  latah  in  which  a 
shock  causes  the  victim  to  fly  into  a  paroxysm 
of  coarse  language  but  nothing  more;  Ht. 
Raj.  Don.,  4. 

I     Variants   of  this  proverbial  expression  are  common, 

e.g.  :— 

Jika  ta'-tumboh  periya  melata, 

Anak  ikan  di-dalam  padi; 
Jika  ta' sunggoh  bagat  di-kata, 

Bukan-lah  beta  PuUra  Jaya  Pati. 

Ht.P.J.P. 


LATEH 


[    588    ] 


LARAT 


Latah  is  often  used  metaphorically  of  the 
madness  of  love.  L,  wilangan :  id,;  Ht.  Mas. 
Ed.,  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya.  L.  wilangan  kesmaran  : 
id,,  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya,  Hanya4ah  ttiwan  hamba 
latahkan :  I  am  mad  with  love  for  you  alone  ; 
Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  33.  Latah  menyebut  mas 
tempawan :  madly  repeating  ^^mas  t^mpawan'' 
(a  term  of  endearment);  Sh.  Panj.  Sg, 

^  lateh.  Orderly,  methodical,  accurate  and 
consecutive.  Melateh  mulut :  to  speak  cohe- 
rently and  logically.  Di-latehkan  mengaji : 
to  be  kept  systematically  at  work. 


^^    lati.     Lati-lati :  soft,  pulpy. 


^  lajor,  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  band  or  furrow;  a 
broad  line  drawn  across  anything ;  (Menang- 
kabau)  jalor,    Cf.  alor  and  jalor. 


a>^  laju.  Speed,  swiftness,  rapidity  of  motion. 
Kapal  terlalu  laju :  a  very  swift  ship;  Ht, 
Abd.,  112.  Terlalu  sangat  laju  lari-nya 
ktjang  itu:  the  chevrotin  ran  extremely 
swiftly ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

[S^jf^    lajuwardi.     [Pers.  lazuward,]     Lapis  lazuli. 

,I>^    lachak.     Common,    abundant.    Melachak  or 
belachak  :  to  be  abundant.     Melachak  yak  :  id. 


-^    lachi     [Dutch  laadje.]     A  drawer ;  a  chest  of 
^'         drawers. 

jjj  lada.  A  generic  name  applied  to  pepper  ;  a 
name  given  to  many  plants  used  as  food  and 
having  an  aromatic  or  biting  taste.  Berisi 
lada :  full  of  pepper ;  Ht.  Abd.,  387.  Berkebtm 
lada :  to  have  a  pepper  plantation  ;  Ht.  Abd., 
309.  Btirong  terbang  di-pipis  lada :  to  grind 
pepper  for  (cooking)  a  bird  on  the  wing ;  to 
count  one's  chickens  before  they  are  hatched  ; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  92. 

L,   antan :   a  wild    climbing   pepper;    piper 
lonchifes* 

L.  berekor  :  cubebs  ;  piper  cubeba, 
L.  burong :  a  shrub;  greenia  jackii. 
L.  china:  a  pepper,  piper  chaba;   Ht.  Abd., 
26,  30,  385- 
L,  hantu :  a  wild  jungle  pepper ;  piper  canitim, 
L.  hitam :  black  pepper; piper  nigrum. 
L.  lada :  a  plant ;  alsodeia  echinocarpa. 

L.merah:  red  pepper;   capsicum;  capsicum 
annuum. 

L.mutiya:    small   rolls  of    flour  and  sugar 
resembling  grains  of  pepper. 

L.  rimba :  a  large    wild  climbing  pepper; 
piper  ribesioides, 

Akar  lada-lada :  a  climbing  shvxxb ^strychous  sp. 


in 


.1^ 


^ 


0^ 


^J' 


ladang.  A  plantation  on  dry  ground;  the 
cultivation  of  high  in  contradistinction  to  that 
of  swampy  ground.  L.  padi :  **hiir'  padi- 
planting,  L,  gambir :  a  gambler  plantation  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  310.  L.  lada  :  a  pepper  plantation ; 
J,  I.  A.,  II.,  182.  Ladang  dan  sawah  :  "  dry  " 
and  "wet"  plantations;  plantations  on  dry 
ground  and  in  swamps ;  Ht.  Abd.,  367. 

Ber ladang  :  to  plant  on  dry  soil.  Peladang  : 
a  planter,  a  cultivator ;  Ht,  Gul.  Bak.,  132. 

lading.  Parang  lading :  a  long  chopper  or 
cutter  the  blade  of  which  tapers  towards  the 
handle  and  not  vice  versa.  Perahu  lading :  a 
heavy  cargo-boat ;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  3. 

ladong.  Stagnation,  standing  still  (especially 
of  drops  of  water  clinging  to  anything). 
Batti  L  :  a  plummet  or  weight  to  keep  a  fishing 
line  steady.     L,  kail :  id. 

Chaupandan   anak   Bubanya 

Hendak   niBnyerangkan   Melaka ; 

Ada  chinchin  berisi  bunga, 
Bnnga    beladong  si-ay er  mata : 

Chaupandan,  the  son  of  Bubanya,  set  out  to 
attack  Malacca ;  there  is  a  ring  set  round  a 
posy  of  flowers,  but  the  flowers  are  bedewed 
with  tears;  Sej.  Mai.,  117. 

ladan.  Minyak  ladan  :  a  strong  oily  prepara- 
tion used  in  caulking  native  boats.  Setanggi 
ladan :  joss-sticks. 

ladu.     I.     A  variant  of  rfa^f(,  q.  v. 
II.     Kuweh  ladu  :  small  round  cakes. 

ladeh.     Curds ;  coagulated  milk.     Also  dadeh, 

lara.  Disquietude,  sorrow,  care ;  the  solicitude 
of  love.  Penglipor  lara  :  a  soother  of  cares ;  a 
comforter  ;  a  name  given  to  professional  story- 
tellers. Taman  penglipor  lara  :  a  garden  in 
which  all  care  is  forgotten ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  82. 
Berhati  lara  :  sorrowful ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb., 
17.  Orang  yang  lara  :  sorrowful  people ;  Sh. 
Lamp.,  43.  Membalas  lara :  to  return  sorrow 
for  sorrow;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 
* 

larat.  I.  Dragging  on  slowly;  long-winded; 
lengthy;  diflicult.  Jangan  shaHr  di-perlarat- 
larat:  do  not  let  the  poem  be  too  long- 
winded;  Sh,  Dag.,  17.  Jadi-lah  tahun-tahun 
larat  iya  mengatur  diya :  he  spent  long  years 
in  arranging  them ;  Ht.  Abd.,  170.  Berchinta 
berlarat'laratan  :  loving  on  for  years  ;  pining 
endlessly ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  7. 

Takutkan  perkataan   kelak   m^larat, 
Lagi  pun  banyak  yang  tiyada  t^ringat : 

fearing  that  my  story  may  go  on  to  wearisome 
length ;  besides  which  there  is  much  which  I 
cannot  recall ;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  25. 

Awan  larat :  a  pattern  (unidentified). 

II,  Tiyada-larat :  inability;  also  (colloqui- 
ally) ta'4arat,  Tiyada-lah  hamba  larat  berjalan  : 
I  cannot  manage  to  walk ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  402. 

III.  [Arab,  madlarat.]  A  term  of  abuse  or 
reprobation;  Ht.  Koris. 


LABUT 


[    589    ] 


LANGUT 


oj^   larut. 


To  drag,  of  the  anchor. 


^^J  laras.  I.  Smooth  and  cylindrical ;  the  stem 
of  a  tree ;  the  barrel  of  a  gun.  Senapang  diiwa 
lavas:  a  double-barrelled  gun. 

11.     Terang  laras  :  the  doubtful  light  of  very 
early  dawn. 


UV^ 


t> 


laris.  Jav.  In  demand ;  selling  well,  of  goods. 
Pelaris  berjtiwaUbeli :  a  charm  to  make  one's 
goods  sell  well;  Muj.,  75.  ^Ilniti  pelaris  or 
hikmat  pelaris :  id. 

larang.  Prohibition.  Larangan :  a  thing 
prohibited.  Larangan  Allah  dan  rasul-nya: 
things  forbidden  by  God  and  by  the  Prophet; 
Ht.  Abd.,  480.  Bukit  laraftgan:  a  hill  which 
is  tabooed  ;  a  hill  which  men  are  forbidden 
to  approach ;  Ht.  Abd.,  198.  Hutan  larangan  : 
a  forest  which  it  is  forbidden  to  enter ;  Ht. 
Mas.  Ed. 

Larangkan  :  to  forbid,  to  prohibit ;  Ht.  Abd., 
73,  igg.  Melarangkan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  172,  258. 

Buta  larang  or  buia  larangan :  permanent 
myopia. 

larong.     A  native  coffin  or  bier. 

larap.     L     Readily    saleable;     in     demand; 
selling  well ;  =  laris, 
n.     (Kedah.)     Smarting;  very  painful, 
ni.     Lam/)a;i :  the  rest  for  the  chisel-holder 
(a  copper-smith's  term). 

IV.  Multiplicity.  Melarapkan  tali:  to 
separate  the  strands  of  a  rope. 

larak.  I.  Close  together,  as  the  seeds  of  a 
durian  which  has  little  pulp  in  it ;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
VIII.,  128. 

IL  Akar  larak:  a  monkey  rope  which  when 
tapped  yields  a  greenish  water ;  melodorum 
fulgens  ? 

larek.  Turning  by  the  use  of  a  turning-lathe  ; 
polishing  and  rounding  a  surface.  Gading  di- 
larek  :  rounded  and  polished  ivory ;  a  simile 
for  a  beautiful  breast;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  147. 
Pauh  di'larek :  a  polished  pauh  nut ;  a  simile 
for  a  beautiful  heel ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 
Larekkan  :  to  round  and  polish  by  the  use  of 
a  lathe ;  to  turn ;  Ht.  Mash.,  19.  Melarek  :  id. ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 


^yi    larau.     Disturbance,   confusion;    annoyance, 
"^  stirring  up.     Membalas   larau :   to   pay   out  a 

man  for  annoying  you ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Melarau :  to  be  intractable ;  to  be  naughty, 

of  a  child. 


d,-^ 


i> 


M- 


laru.  An  ingredient  used  in  making  native 
sugar.  The  staple  in  this  ingredient  is  lime 
such  as  is  used  with  sireh  leaf. 


^> 


^j" 


(J-^ 


r' 


y.2 


larah.  Berlarah-larahan  :  one  after  another  ; 
in  succession  ;  —  an  expression  used  especially 
of  people  toasting  each  other.  Maka  minum- 
lah  terlaln  ramai-nya  bersidang  sulangan  dan 
berlarah-larahan :  they  drank  very  festively, 
sometimes  drinking  in  unison,  sometimes 
toasting  each  other  in  turn;  Ht.  P.  J.  P.; 
Ht.  Sh. 

lari.     Running;    to   run    (but   not   of  liquids 

running,    which     is  alir) ;   to    escape    from. 

L.  mengaji :  playing  truant;  Ht.  Abd.,  28. 

Lariyan :  running ;  a  place  on  which  anything 

runs.     Pelariyan :  id.    P.  kota :  the  terrace  be- 

.  hind  the  battlements  of  a  fort ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 
Larikan  :  (i)  to  run  from,  to  escape ;  (2)  to 
cause  to  run  ;  (3)  to  run  away  with.  MBlarikan  : 
id.  M.  chukai :  to  evade  payment  of  taxes.  M. 
kuda  :  to  make  a  horse  gallop.  M.  gundek 
Sultan  Johor :  to  run  away  with  a  secondary 
wife  of  the  Sultan  of  Johor  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  391. 

Berlari:  to  run;  Ht.  Abd.,  66,  94,  116. 
Berlari'lari :  to  keep  running;  Cr.  Gr.,  57. 
Berlariyan :  to  be  running;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
21,  69, 

lazim.  Arab.  Dependent,  necessary,  connec- 
ted ;  transitive,  of  a  verb. 

lazuwardi.  [Pers.  lazuward.]  Lapis  lazuli ; 
Ht.  Sh.;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  15. 

lasa.  Paralysed,  numbed.  Dan  anggota yang 
lasa  jnenjadi  lagi  rasa  :  the  numbed  limbs  re- 
cover the  power  of  sensation ;  Muj.,  59.  Tumbok 
lasa:  a  swelling  at  the  back  of  the  neck. 
Kayu  lasa  :  the  yoke. 

lasak.  Pakaiyanpelasak :  working-day  clothes ; 
every  day  wear. 

lasom  or  lasum.  Batek  lasom :  a  special 
kind  of  painted  sarong  of  Javanese  make. 
£mpama  batek  lasom  makin  basoh  bBrtambah 
bau:  like  batek  lasom  cloth  which  increases 
in  fragrance  the  more  you  wash  it ;  improving 
with  time  and  use  ;  Prov. 

lasu.  Change  of  taste  consequent  on  food 
being  kept ;  staleness,  overripeness. 

lasah.  Striking,  switching ;  (by  metaphor) 
working  continually,   always  on  the  move. 


.0   langit 


'M 


langit 


The  sky,   the  heavens.     Tujoh  petala 
the  seven  folds  of  heaven ;   the  seven 

strata  of  the  sky;   Sh.  Jub.   Mai.,   12;  Bust. 

Sal.     Langit'langit :  a  canopy ;  a  cloth  ceiling ; 

Ht.  Abd.,  177;   Sej.  MaL,  96  ;  Sh.  Peng.,  13. 

Kirongkongan    langit-langit :  the  roof   of  the 

mouth  ;  Ht*  Jay.  Lengg. 

langut.     Melangut:  to  gaze  with  longing  at 
anything,  as  a  hungry  boy  looks  at  cakes. 


74 


LANQIR 


[    590    ] 


LAKON 


jPi!  langir.  Materials  used  in  the  bath  much  as 
Europeans  use  soap.  Mandi  b^rlangir :  to 
wash  oneself  thoroughly  ;  to  use  native  soap 
in  washing  in  contradistinction  to  merely 
standing  in  water ;  Sej.  MaL,  130.  Mandi 
berbedak  Imtgir :  to  wash  using  native  soaps 
and  cosmetics  ;  Ht.  Bakht.,  73.  Langiri  :  to 
wash  with  soap ;  Ht.  Bakht.,  75  ;  Sh.  Bid.,  26  ; 
Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  43.  Langirkan :  id. ;  Ht.  Koris. 
Melangirkan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Hg,  Tuw.,  82. 

The    native    **soap'*    is   usually    a  fibrous 
vegetable  substance. 


LTJ"^ 


langon.  A  pleasure  garden ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 
Better  lelangon,  q.  v. 

langau.  A  large  stinging  fly;  Sh.  Kumb. 
Chumb.,  12;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  26;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng. ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak,,  34 ; 
Ht.  Raj,  Don.,  52. 

langai.  Belat  langai:  a  bag-net  running  up 
and  down  six  bamboo  posts.  Also  (Kedah) 
langgai. 

lapar.  Hunger;  hungry.  Lapar  dehaga  :  hun- 
ger and  thirst;  Ht.  Abd.,  28,  Lapar  susu: 
hungering  for  milk  (of  a  baby) ;  Ht.  Abd.,  448. 

Lapar kan :  to  render  hungry ;  to  starve 
(a  man  or  animal)  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  74. 

Kelapuran  :  hunger  ;  Muj.,  62  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  313  ; 
Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  39. 

lapis.  A  fold ;  a  wrapping ;  a  stratum ;  a 
coating.  Di-atur4ah  uleh  orang  besar-nya  tiga 
lapis :  their  captains  arranged  them  three 
deep ;  Ht.  Abd.,  109.  Lapis  langit :  a  fold  of 
heaven  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Pintti  ttijoh  lapis  :  a 
door  seven  planks  thick;  Sej.  Mai.,  93. 

LapiS'lapisan  :  a  name  given  to  the  second  row 
in  a  cluster  of  bananas. 

Berlapis  :  double,  in  two  folds.  Sehiwar  ber- 
lapis  :  lined  trowsers ;  Sh.  Peng.,  6.  Berlapis- 
lapis :  in  many  folds  or  coatings  (used  of  dirt 
on  a  Sakai's  body,  Ht.  Abd.,  382). 


0^    lapang.     Empty   space;    presenting   a    wide 
-         orifice  or  gap;  a  vacuum;  stripped  bare  or 
robbed  of  contents. 

Kalau  tiyada   senapang 
Baik  jalan   lapang: 

if  you  have  no  gun  you  had  better  give  (your 
enemy)  a  wide  berth;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI., 
37.  L.  hati :  loss  of  heart,  despair;  Sh.  Peng., 
22;  Sh.  Ch.  Ber.,  3.  Tempat  L:  a  barren 
spot;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  131;  Sh.  Lamp.,  8. 
Gtmong  Argasinga  pun  lapang,  tiyada  pohun 
kayU'hayxman  yang  birdiri :  Mount  Argasinga 
was  made  desolate,  no  trees  were  left  standing 
on  it;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  Lapang4ah  daripada 
hadapan  segala  raja-raja  itu :  an  empty  space 
was  left  before  the  princes  (their  audience 
departed) ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Kelapangan:     emptiness,     vacuity;     empty 
distance;  Ht.  Gh,;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  IL,  142. 


^"j    lapek.     I.  A    pedestal ;  a  surface  on   which 

anything  rests;  a  rug,  mat,  or  other  thin 
surface  placed  under  a  body.  L.  kaki : 
sandals.  L.  ptmggong :  a  mat  for  sitting  on. 
L.  tangan  :  a  glove  or  scrubbing  cloth  placed 
over  the  hand  when  working  on  a  rough 
surface  so  as  to  avoid  hurting  the  skin  ;  Ht. 
Best. 

Pagi  pagi  masak   kanji 

Makan  dihulu   melapekkan  pernt ; 

Chakapan   kosong   tiyada  berisi, 
Menjadi  dusta   berchampor  karat : 

early  in  the  morning  cook  your  gruel,  eat  it 
first  as  a  basis  (for  other  food). 

n.     Lopak-lopek:  confused,  inconsistent,   in 
disorder. 

15^  lapok.  Mould ;  mouldiness.  Chekel  habis  lapok 
bertedoh :  the  extreme  of  avarice  is  to  leave 
the  mould  untouched;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  L, 
98.     Berlapok :  mouldy. 

*j!^  lapun.  Nets,  toils  or  snares  for  catching 
small  animals  (such  as  the  pelandok)  and 
birds.  L.  tarek :  a  trap  watched  by  the 
trapper  who  pulls  a  string  at  the  proper 
moment.  L.  dtidok :  a  trap  working  auto- 
matically; it  is  used  especially  for  snaring 
green  pigeon. 

4^"^  lapah.  Stripping,  skinning,  removing  the 
outer  covering.  Di-suroh-nya  lapah  hidop- 
hidop :  he  ordered  him  to  be  skinned  alive ; 
Ht.  Isk.  Dz.  Hati  gajah  sama  di-lapah,  hati 
human  sama  di-chechap :  together  have  we 
skinned  the  elephant's  heart,  together  have 
we  dipped  the  heart  of  the  mite;  we  have 
shared  plenty  and  scarcity  like  tried  com- 
rades; Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  n.,  162. 

Lapah  is  most  commonly  used  of  skinning 
a  slaughtered  animal  for  the  market. 

,,_5j  l^i'ka.  Kaynlaka:  a  tree;  Sh.  Raj.  Haji,  183. 
Possibly  phyllanthus  emblica  and  p,  pectinatus. 
Also  laka-laka  and  melaka. 

Laka-laka  jantan :  a  plant,  walsura  mtdtijuga. 


S^    lakor.     Mixture,  =  champor;  Kl. 


s 


lakom  or  lakum.  A  generic  name  applied 
to  several  species  of  wild  vines  the  leaves  of 
which  are  used  to  make  a  kind  of  tea.  These 
plants  have  a  reddish  sap ;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch., 
14.     The  principal  varieties  are : 

L.  ayer :  jussieua  stifructicosa* 

L,  btdan  or  /.  embun :  vitis  diffusa, 

L,  gajah:  vitis  mollissima, 

L.  teberau:  vitis  novemfolia. 

lakon  or  lakun.  [Jav.  and  Siamese.]  A 
staged  play  or  performance,  used  now  especi- 
ally of  Siamese  plays  but  in  ancient  Java  of 
classical  plays,  e,g.,  lakon  Pandawa  Jaya,  Ht. 
Mas.  Ed.  Di-lakonkan  Ranjuna  Tapa  :  they 
represented  the  story  of  Arjuna  as  an  Ascetic 
(the  Arjuno  Wiwoho);  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 

Also  Ulakon, 


LAKU 


[    591    ] 


LALA 


/^ 


S^ 


laku.  Conduct,  manner,  behaviour,  mien, 
deportment,  gestures;  to  act  or  behave;  to 
take  effect,  to  pass  current.  Rosak  badan 
karma  penyakit,  rosak  bangsa  karena  laku :  the 
body  is  ruined  by  disease  and  good  birth  is 
ruined  by  bad  behaviour;  Prov.,  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya.  Saperti  laku  orang  gila :  Hke  the 
behaviour  of  a  madman ;  Ht.  Abd.,  14, 

Sa-laku :  like,  similar  to,  in  this  way.  Apa 
mola-nya  maka  turn  an  sa-laku  ini :  how  come 
you  to  be  in  this  state;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  16. 

Ta'-laku:  that  will  not  do,  that  will  not  pass 
current.  Laksana  golok  kayu,  tetak  ta'-makan 
juwal  ta'-lakii :  like  a  wooden  chopper  which 
will  not  cut  if  struck  with  and  will  fetch 
nothing  if  sold  ;  Prov. 

Tingkah  laku :  behaviour,  conduct,  manners ; 
Kam.  Kech,,  2 ;  Ht.  Abd.,  96,  164,  458, 

Lakukan :  to  work,  to  put  into  effect  or 
action;  Ht.  Abd.,  325,  409.  Melakukan:  id.; 
Ht.  Abd.,  12,  289,  418;  Sej.  MaL,  119. 
Barang  kehendak-nya  di-lakukan-nya  sehaja :  he 
simply  did  anything  he  pleased.  Melakukan 
Hrddai :  to  work  His  will  (of  God);  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak. 

Berlaku :  to  take  effect,  to  prevail.  Telah 
berlaku-lah  kehendak  Allah  di-atas  hamba-nya : 
the  will  of  God  has  been  worked  upon  us,  his 
servants  ;  Ht.  Abd,,  437.  Bertitah  lalu,  sembah 
berlaku:  the  (king's)  decree  is  passed  over, 
the  (subject's)  petition  prevails;  a  proverbial 
saying  when  a  humble  memorial  persuades  a 
prince  to  withdraw  an  issued  order;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
I.,  93-  ' 

Kelakm^an :  manner,  conduct,  bearing,  de- 
meanour. K,  binatang :  the  manners  of  a 
beast;  Ht.  Abd.,  411.  K.  gajah-gajah:  the 
behaviour  of  the  elephants;  Ht.  Abd.,  74. 


laki.  Husband;  a  less  respectful  word  than 
suwami,  Laki4aki:  male,  masculine;  manli- 
ness ;  a  man  of  masculine  qualities.  Barang- 
siapa  mahu  terbilang  laki-laki  rnari-lah  ka-tengah 
maiddn  supaya  kit  a  bermain  smjata  sama-sama 
anak  laki-laki  :  if  any  one  desires  the  reputation 
of  manliness,  let  him  come  to  the  middle  of 
the  battlefield  that  we  may  fight,  weapon  to 
weapon,  like  men  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Titah 
baginda  di-pertidak-nya  laki4aki  kita  tdeh  Betara 
Majapahit :  the  king  said  :  our  manliness  is 
denied  by  the  Ruler  of  Majapahit ;  Sej.  MaL, 
53.  Cf.  also  Ht.  Hamz.,  58.  Menunjokkan 
laki-laki :  to  show  off  one's  courage  ;  Ht.  Sri 
Rama. 

Berlaki  :  to  have  a  husband ;  to  be  married 
(of  a  woman).  Anak  dara  sudah  berlaki :  a 
married  maiden  ;  a  girl  who  has  been  seduced  ; 
Prov.  Janda  belum  berlaki  :  a  widow  who  has 
never  been  wedded ;  id. 


Cf.  also  the  following  pantun  : — 

Bunga  chempaka  di-karang  awan, 

Bunga  di-reka  dart   Dang  Biku; 
Alang'hah  suha  hati-ku,   tutvan, 

SBab  shnbah   sudah  berlaku. 


J5 


jTv 


j^ 


J^ 


Berlakikan  :  to  take  as  one's  husband  or 
possess  as  one's  husband  ;  =  berlaki  akan, 
Mengapa  maka  tuwan-hamba  berlakikan  orang 
tuwa  bongkok  ini:  why  have  you  married 
this  humpbacked  old  man  ;  Ht.  Mash.,  12. 
Ternanii-nanti  bagai  berlakikan  raja  :  waiting 
and  waiting  as  though  you  were  marrying  a 
prince  (Malay  princes  being  proverbially 
unpunctual  in  order  to  show  their  importance) ; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI.,  28. 

laga.  The  fighting  of  animals  such  as  buffaloes 
and  bulls,  and  (less  commonly)  oframs^ 
chevrotins2,  and  even  of  quail s3.  Berlaga : 
to  fight  (of  such  animals) ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  17. 
Lagakan :  to  set  animals  to  fight  one  with 
another;  Ht.  Sh.  Berlagakan  :  id.,  Ht.  Sh. 
Mard.     Melagakan :  id.,  Ht.  Koris. 

lagang.  The  initial  steps  taken  in  weaving  a 
mat ;  beginning  to  weave ;  starting  to  weave. 
The  weaving  proper  (when  the  work  is  fairly 
started)  is  called  anyam^  and  the  weaving  of 
the  selvage  or  border  (which  completes  the 
work)  is  called  legu. 


^    lagam.     [Hind. /^g-am.]     The  bit  (of  a  horse). 

X9    lagU.     A  tune. 

Masing-masing  masok  menari 
Menurui   lagu-nya    bermacham  tart : 

each  entered  and  danced  various  dances 
according  to  the  tune ;  Bint.  Tim.,  24  Jan., 
1895.  Menurui  lagu  biduwan  bernyanyi  itu  :  in 
unison  with  the  tune  of  the  minstrel's  song; 
Ht.  Koris. 
Kitdb  puji-pujiyan  dengan  berlagu :  a  hymn- 
book  with  tunes ;  Ht.  Abd.,  450. 


lagi.  More,  yet  more;  still,  also,  moreover. 
Lagi-lagi,  saperti  belanda  minta  tanah :  '*more, 
more,"  as  the  Dutchman  says  when  applying 
for  land  ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  20.  Lagi 
tongkat,  lagi  senjata :  with  a  stick,  moreover, 
and  with  weapons  as  well ;  a  proverbial 
expression  suggesting  assurance  that  is  doubly 
sure;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  155.  Lagi  terang,  lagi 
berstdoh :  in  daylight  moreover,  and  with  a 
torch  as  well ;  a  similar  proverb.  Berapa  lagi  : 
how  many  more.  Duwa  lagi:  two  more. 
Semuwa-nya  mati  tetekala  lagi  ke^chil :  all  died 
while  still  in  infancy ;  Ht.  Abd,,  14. 

Dan  lagi :  furthermore  ;  besides.  Dan  lagi 
ptda  :  id, 

Sa-lagi  :  so  long  as  ;  as  long  as  ;  while.  Sa- 
lagi  ada  Himur  hamba :  as  long  as  I  live  ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  25.  Sa4agi  ada  peridaran  chakera- 
wala :  as  long  as  the  vault  of  heaven  revolves  ; 
i,e,,  for  ever  and  ever. 

lala.  I.  Siput  lala :  a  salt-water  bivalve 
resembling  a  mussel ;  it  is  found  embedded  in 
the  mud  on  the  banks  of  the  sea-coast. 


I  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 
Bur.  Pungg.,2.  3. 


2  Ht.  P.J.  P.  3  Ht.   Koris;  Sh. 


LALAT 


[    592    ] 


LAMAT 


II.  Laleh  di4ala  :  an  expression  imitative  of 
the  singing  of  a  meaningless  chorus  or  refrain 
of  a  song ;  Bint.  Tim.,  13  March,  1895.  Cf. 
also  Pel.  Abd.,  107. 

Also  lalah, 

III.  Melala  :  to  swim  on  one's  back. 


:J^ 


& 


jn 


P 


J^ 


lalat.  The  common  fly,  musca,  BHum  Urbang 
lalat :  before  the  flies  are  astir  ;  the  very  early 
morning,  Lalat  chari  puru :  the  fly  goes 
straight  to  the  sore  ;  where  the  carcase  is  there 
will  the  eagles  be  gathered  together ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  32. 

L.  hijau:  the  *' blue-bottle"  fly. 

L.  kerbau  :  the  oestrus. 

L.  huda :  the  tabanus. 

Berani  L  :  the  courage  of  a  fly  ;  i.e.,  courage 
which  allows  a  man  to  run  away  but  brings 
him  back  incessantly  to  the  assault. 

Harimau  L  :  a  peculiar  small  striped  spider 
which  advances  by  short  leaps. 

Tahi  L  :  a  mole  or  freckle ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  11. 

lalang.  I.  The  well-known  "lalang"  grass, 
imperata  cylindrical  Tanam  lala^tg  ta'-akan 
tnmboh  padi :  if  you  plant  lalang,  padi  will  not 
grow;  you  will  not  get  figs  from  thistles;  Prov., 
J.  S,  A.  S,,  L,  94.  Saperti  bunga  lalang :  like 
the  downy  blossoms  of  the  lalang ;  a  simile  for 
the  waving  pennons  of  an  advancing  army ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Cr.  Gr.,  78.  Saperti  api 
makan  lalang  yang  kering,  tiyada  dapat  di-padam 
lagi :  like  fire  consuming  dry  lalang,  it  cannot 
be  put  out ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

L.  hantti  I  ant  or  suda  lalang  laut :  a  grass 
(unidentified). 

L,jawara.  grass,  imperata  exaltata. 

Gajah  L  :  a  tame  elephant. 

n.  Lalio  lalang  :  going  and  coming ;  passing 
to  and  fro ;  moving  backwards  and  forwards 
or  hither  and  thither ;  the  movement  of  traffic 
in  a  thoroughfare ;  Ht.  Abd.,  201,  352 ;  Ht. 
Md.  Hanaf.,  44. 

lalak.     The  touch-hole  of  a  cannon.     Melalak  : 

to  flash  in  the  pan,  to  miss  fire  (of  a  gun);  Ht. 
Ind.  Meng. 

lalau.  Hindering,  preventing.  Melalau :  to 
warn  or  notify  trespassers  by  putting  up  a 
mark  in  front  of  a  claim   of  land.     Hikmat 

pelalaii :  a  charm  to  prevent  a  woman  marrying. 

lalu.  Past,  after,  afterwards ;  elapsing,  passing, 
moving  past,  traversing.  Pada  masa  yang 
telah  lalu:  in  the  past;  Sej.  Mai.,  5.  Tahun 
lalu :  last  year.  Lalu4ah  kami :  we  passed  b}^ 
Orang  masok  lain  dudok  :  they  entered  and 
then  sat  down. 

L.  lalang:  passing  to  and  fro;  v.  lalang. 

Sa4alu  :  always  continually ; — pronounced 
silalu. 


aJ-J 


3^ 


jy 


Laluwi :  to  traverse, .  to  pass  over,  to  con- 
trovert or  disobey.  MUaliiwi  :  id.  Yang  mana 
kehdndak  anak  kita  itn  tiyada  kita  laluwi  :  I  will 
not  oppose  your  wishes,  my  child  :  Sej.  Mah, 
47.  Melaluwi  hutan  yang  besar-besar  :  to  tra- 
verse great  forests ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 

Terlalu  :  surpassingly  ;  exceedingly  ;  very  ; 
extremely.  Tirlalu  elok :  surpassingly  beautiful. 

lalah.  I.  The  gluttonous  eating  of  a  man 
who  lives  from  hand  to  mouth. 

II.     A  variant  of  lala,  q.  v. 

lalai.  I.  Careless,  thoughtless,  listless,  sleepy, 
Lalat  dengan  memakan  pisang  dan  tebu  itu : 
sleepy  after  their  meal  of  bananas  and  sugar- 
cane ;  Ht.  Abd.,  y^. 

^  Ilmu   dan   *akal   di-halai-balai 
Itihlah   tanda   orang  yang   lalat : 

a  mind  and  ideas  that  are  always  uncertain 
are  the  marks  of  a  man  of  indolent  character  ; 
Prov. 

Pinang  muda  jangan  di-salai, 
Jika   di-salai   isi-nya    binasa ; 

Orang  muda,  jangan  di4alai ; 
Kalau  di4alai,    badan   binasa : 

young  man  never  be  indolent,  if  you  are 
indolent  you  will  come  to  ruin  ;  Prov. 

Lalaikan  :  (i)  to  forget ;  to  lose  interest  in 
any  person  or,.thing,  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  18  ; 
(2)  to  render  forgetful,  Sh.  Ibl.,  3.  Melalai- 
kan  :  id.  Kakanda  nan  tidak  lalaikan  adinda  : 
I  shall  never  forget  thee,  my  love  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Kelalaiyan  :  carelessness,  listlessness,  forget- 
fulness ;  Pel.  Abd.,  29. 

Pelalai  :  a  spell  to  render  people  forgetful 
or  unconscious;  Ht.  Abd.,  154. 

IL  The  rope  with  which  the  sail  is  hauled 
up  or  lowered  ;  the  halyard  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  127. 


insensible     to    pain, 

berperang    sangat4ah 

unconscious  of  fear ; 


lali.     Dull,     senseless ; 
reproof,   or    fear.    Jika 
lali :  in   fighting,   quite 
Sh.  Ibl.,  7. 

Buku  L  :  the  ankle  bone,  or  as  much  of  it  as 
projects  outwards. 


^    lam.     The  name  of  the  letter    J^ 


lama.  Duration  of  time ;  long  (of  time) ; 
ancient,  former,  long  since.  Orang  I.  :  the 
ancients.  Berapa  I,  :  how  long.  Beberapa  L  : 
for  some  time ;  Ht.  Abd.,  32.  Rumah-nya 
yang  lama  :  his  former  dwelling.  Sa4ama  :  as 
long  as.  Duwa  jam  lama :  for  two  hours. 
Sa4ama4ama'nya  :  for  ever.  Lama  kelamaan  : 
in  course  of  time  ;  finally  ;  ultimately.  La^na- 
lama :  id.  Mola-mola  bermain  mata  sehaja, 
lania4ama  iya  bermukah :  at  first  they  only 
exchanged  amorous  looks  but  ultimately  they 
had  guilty  relations  ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  202. 


lamat.     [Arab,    'aldmat,]     Mata    lamat : 
bull's  eye  in  a  target ;  v.  'aldmat. 


the 


LAMAS 


[    593    ] 


LAUN 


iy**jl    lamas.     Bunga  lamas 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 


a  flower  (unidentified) ; 


rJii 


J'- 


H^ 


LT' 


lamang.     (Riau,  Johor.)     A  heavy  sword. 

lanian.  A  green  or  open  space  in  front  of  a 
house  ;  a  lawn  or  court.     Better  halaman. 

lamun.  In  case  that ;  if  it  be  that ;  provided  ; 
although.  Maka  sahtit  tuwan  ptiteri  tin  jangan- 
kan  demikiyan  jikalau  ka-latit  api  sa-kali-ptm 
hamba  pergi  juga  lamun  dengan  kakanda :  the 
princess  replied :  not  only  would  I  do  this  but 
I  would  even  go  to  the  sea  of  fire  provided 
only  you  were  with  me  ;  Ht.  Bakht.,  8.  Di- 
chap  kan  k^lak  lamun  berwaktu :  they  may 
possibly  be  printed  if  only  the  occasion  arises ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  157. 

lamin.  Kelamin  :  a  pair,  a  married  couple ; 
husband  and  wife.  Pelamin  :  the  bridal  bed. 
Pelaminan:  id.;  Sej.  MaL,  147. 

lanar.  Mud,  slime  ;  the  mud  banks  often  met 
with  along  the  sea  coast. 


lanang.    I. 

IL     Jav.     A   man, 
tuwan  bersalin  pakaiyan  chara  lanang  :  you  will 
do  well  to  dress  as  a  man ;  Ht.  Sh 


To  twist ;  to  twine  by  twisting. 
A   man,    male,   manly.     Baik-lah 


lanun.  **Ilanun;"  the  name  of  a  piratical 
tribe  living  on  the  island  of  Mindanao;  a 
pirate ;  Sh.  Peng.,  13  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  464. 


Jj    lanau.     Slimy  mud  ;  Kl.     Usually  lanyau. 

^  lawa.  I.  Melawa  :  to  stop  the  way;  to 
intercept  the  passage  of  a  bridal  party  pending 
the  payment  of  a  fee;  Sh.  Peng.,  14,  23. 
Upah  pembuka  lawa  :  the  fee  paid.  The  lawa 
is  a  string  dravv^n  across  the  passage. 

The  name  lawa  is  also  given  to  the  crossbar 
in  the  construction  of  a  fish-trap  (kelong). 

n,     Lawa-lawa  :    (Jav.)    a   spider;  =  /^6a- 
laba. 


laut.  The  sea.  Laut  mana  ta'-berombak,  burnt 
mana  ta'4impa  hujan  :  what  sea  has  no  waves  ; 
on  what  land  does  the  rain  never  fall ; — it  is 
a  long  lane  that  has  no  turning;  Prov. 
Manis-nya  saperti  laut  madu :  sweet  as  a  sea  of 
honey  ;  Prov.  Laut  madu  berpantaikan  gula  :  a 
sea  of  honey  with  a  shore  of  sugar;  a  symbol 
of  extreme  sweetness  ;  Prov. 

L.  jerebti :  the  sea  out  of  sight  of  land. 

Bar  at  L  :  the  North- West.  Utara  bar  at  laut : 
N.  N.  W. 

Chemara  I,  or  eru  L  :  the  casuarina  tree. 

Orang  L  :  the  name  given  to  a  number  of 
ancient  non-Malayan  tribes  dwelling  on  the 
shores  of  the  Riau-Johor  Archipelago. 

Timor  I. :  the  North-East. 


Lautan  :  the  seas,  the  ocean.  Tujoh  L  :  the 
Seven  Seas  ;  the  World's  oceans.  L .  china : 
the  China  Sea. 

MUaut :  to  travel  to  the  sea ;  to  go  out  to  the 
sea.  Ta'-sunggoh  seluwang  melaut :  the  seluwang 
fish  does  not  really  go  out  to  sea  (it  goes  a 
little  way  and  then  returns);  a  proverbial 
expression  ridiculing  a  stay-at-home  person 
who  talks  of  travelling ;  cf.  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  95. 

Melauti :  to  navigate. 


lawat.  Melawat :  to  visit.  Datang4ah  sahdbat 
handai  sakaliyan  melawat  akandaku  serta  bertany- 
akan  khabar :  all  my  friends  came  to  visit  me 
and  to  ask  the  news;  Ht.  Abd,,  445. 


u^y 


b"^ 


j-,>j 


j»^ 


^y 


o,^ 


A  preparation   made   of  parang- 
ninced  very  fine. 

n.     Kelawar  :  a  bat.     See  s.  v.  kelawar. 


v^    lawar.     I.     A   preparation 
■^.?        parang  fish  minced  very  fine, 


lawas.  I.  Empty;  free;  unobstructed,  of 
the  view ;  vacuity ;  the  feeling  of  ease  when 
the  mouth  or  tongue  has  been  rid  of  an 
unpleasant  taste  or  the  stomach  of  a  heavy 
meal. 

II.     Old  ;  of  old  standing  ;  survivals,  as  fruit 
still  left  on  a  tree  when  the  season  is  over. 


laung.  Calling  out  in  a  deep  voice ;  a 
resounding  roar.  Seru  laung  berhala  besar  itu : 
the  deep  cry  of  the  great  idol ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

Berlaung  :  to  cry  out  loudly  ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 
Melaimg  :  id. ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  22.  Gong 
pelaung:  a  deep-noted  gong  ;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  6, 

lawang.  I.  A  great  gate  ;  a  gate  of  honour  ; 
Laws  of  Palembang,  Simb.  Ch.,  14.  Lain 
dtidok  di'bawah  lawang  mahaligai :  then  sat 
under  the  palace  gate  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Turut 
ka-rnuka  lawang  :  to  follow  as  far  as  the  front 
of  the  great  gate  ;  Sh.  Dag.,  4.  Lawang  batu  : 
a  stone  gate ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Peterana  lawangan :  the  forehatch  in  a  native 
ship  ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  67. 

II.  Bunga  lawang:  mace;  Muj.,  59,  87. 
Kulit  lawang :  an  aromatic  bark,  cinnamomum 
culitlawan, 

lauk.     I.     Materials  (other  than  rice)  eaten  at 

a  meal  with  rice.  Lauk  pauk  :  all  kinds  of 
food  of  this  sort.  Lagi  lauk  lagi  nasi :  the 
more  meat,  the  more  rice  ;  the  more  wealth, 
the  more  followers ;  Prov.,  J.    S.  A.  S.,    II., 

155- 
II.     A  mil  lauk  :  a  shell,  fusus  longissimm. 

lawak.    Lawak'lawak :  joking,  jesting,  amusing 

oneself  at  the  expense  of  others.  Pelawak  :  a 
practical  joker. 

laun.  Long  in  duration,  lengthy,  tedious, 
dragging  on.  Jangan  berlaun :  do  not  spin  out 
your  work  too  much ;  do  not  be  too  slow  over 
your  work. 


LAWAN 


[    594    ] 


LAYAK 


QOI  lawan.  Opposition  ;  withstanding  ;  competi- 
tion ;  to  resist,  to  combat.  Lawan  bertikam  : 
to  have  a  contest  in  the  use  of  stabbing 
weapons.  Apt  itn  tetekala  iya  kechil  itu  kawan 
maka  apabila  besar  kelak  menjadi  lawan  :  fire, 
when  in  small  quantities,  is  a  friend  ;  but  when 
it  becomes  large  it  is  an  enemy ;  Prov.,  Ht. 
Abd.,  418. 

Lawani  :  to  contend  against,  to  strive  against, 
to  rival;  Sej.  Mai.,  127. 

Berlawan :  in  rivalry,  comparable ;  Cr.  Gr., 

78. 

Melawan  :  to  combat,  to  fight ;  Ht.  Abd.,  30, 
4i5»  477- 

feN    lawah.     Unimpeded,  of  the  view;    =    lawas, 
^        q.  V. 

iSy  lawi.  Btdn  lawi:  (Riau,  Johor)  the  long 
feathers  in  a  cock's  tail. 

Aw    lahad.     See  lahad. 

^  lahar.  (Kedah.)  A  pool,  a  muddy  pond  or 
mere ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  72  ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 
Also  (in  literature)  wilahar, 

j^    lahir.     A  colloquial  variant  of  dlahir,  q.  v. 

ij^    lahang.     [Jav.  and  Sundanese.]     A  fermented 
cr         drink  better  known  among  Malays  as  nira, 

mj^    lahap.     PHahap  :  a  glutton,  a  voracious  eater. 


J^    layar.     I.     A    sail;     to     sail.     Layar     timpa 
^        tiyafig :  the  sail  strikes  down  the  mast ;  our 
mainstay  has  turned  traitor;  Prov.     Belayar : 
to  sail. 

Kain   entelas   dart   udara, 

Pakaiyan  anak   raja  wilanda ; 

Baht^ra  mas,   layar-nya  sutera, 
Hendak   belayar   angin   tiyada : 

the  ship  is  of  gold  and  its  sails  are  of  silver; 
but  when  we  wish  to  sail  the  wind  is  lacking ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

L,  agong  :  the  mainsail. 
L,  apit :  a  lug-sail  with  reefs. 
L.  batang  :  a  triangular  sail  like  a  lateen  sail. 
L.  bulu    ay  am  :    a      sail      intermediate     in 
appearance  between  a  lug  and  a  lateen  sail. 
L.  dastor :  a  studding-sail;  Pel.  Abd.,  120. 
L,  pengapoh  :  a  topsail. 
L.  pmyorong :  a  mizzen. 
L.  samandera  :  a  sprit-sail. 
L.  top  :  a  lugsail. 
L.  tupang  :  a  foresail. 
Andakkan  L  :  to  shorten  sail. 
Kain  L  :  sail-cloth,  canvas. 
Pasang  L  :  to  set  sail. 
P^bahii  L  :  the  yard. 


Pekaki  L  :  the  boom. 

Tibar  L  :  a  part  of  the  wall  included  in  the 
angle  formed  by  the  sloping  sides  of  the  roof. 

Melayarkan  :  to  put  a  ship  to  sea ;  Ht.  Hg. 
Tuw.,  3. 

Pelayaran:  a  journey  by  sea. 

II.     Eng.     A  lawyer.     See  loyar, 

ji^  layor.  I.  Parching,  blasting,  scorching  up. 
Melayor:  to  parch.  Maka  terbit-lah  matahari 
melayor  panas-nya :  the  sun  rose  with  scorching 
heat;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

IL     Ikan  layor :  a  fish  ;  trichmrus  haiimila  ? 

^^s>4    lais.     I.     Ikan  lais :  a  stinging  fresh-water  fish ; 
<-^-         J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  102. 

II.     Melais  :  to  back  water  (in  rowing). 

ij^    layang.     Flying;   soaring   in   the   air;    being 
Cl        borne  through  the  air  as  a  leaf  borne  along  by 
the  wind. 
Biiwah  sumbti  L  :  a  fruit  (unidentified). 

Layang-layang :  (i)  a  generic  name  for  birds 
of  the  swallow  or  swift  type,  Sh.  Ung.  Bers., 
5 ;  (2)  a  kite,  Ht.  Abd.,  22,  31.  Ka-mana 
hendak  pergi  layang-layang  itti,  tali  ada  di- 
tangan  kita :  how  can  that  kite  get  away  while 
the  string  is  in  our  hands ;  how  can  a  debtor 
escape  when  we  hold  substantial  bail  for  him ; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  149.  Layang-layang 
ptitus  tali-nya :  a  kite,  the  string  of  which  has 
been  broken  ;  at  the  mercy  of  fortune ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  75. 

Berlayangan :  in  the  act  of  flying ;  Sh.  Sg. 
Ranch.,  9 ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Melayang :  to  fly,  to  be  borne  away  by  the 
wind;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.,  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 
Kalau  getah  meleleh,  kalau  daun  melayang : 
if  gutta,  it  will  trickle  down  near  you  ;  if  a  leaf, 
it  will  fly  away ;  friends  share  your  fortunes, 
acquaintances  are  always  prone  to  desert  you ; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  38. 

Melayangkan :  to  fly  away  with.  Malaikat 
melayangkan  nyawa  si-fuldn  :  the  angel  is  flying 
off  with  the  soul  of  So-and-so  ;  Sh.  May.,  14. 

u-t^  layap.  Melayap  :  to  just  skim  the  surface,  as  a 
swallow  flying  just  above  the  earth,  or  as  an 
overladen  boat  moving  almost  flush  with  the 
water. 


^^' 


^    layak.     I.     Splitting  open  along  the  line  of 


the  backbone  as  a  fish  or  bird  is  cut  into  two 
for  the  purpose  of  preservation. 

IL  [Arab.  Idtk.']  Suitable,  fitting,  right, 
appropriate.  Bukan  layak  :  kita  memakai  diya  : 
it  is  not  seemly  that  we  should  wear  it ;  Sej. 
MaL,  99.  Layak  di-hadap  hulubalang  munteri : 
with  his  warriors  and  councillors  drawn  up 
befittingly  before  him;  Sh.  Sri  Ben,,  76. 

Ma'dfkan  hamba  fakir  Mushtari, 
Btikan-nya  sa-kali  abil  shaHri, 

Tiyada  layak  gUaran  di-beri, 

Menyusahkan  hati  hamba  sendiri : 


LA'fK 


[    595    ] 


LABERANG 


M 


OL- 


o>^ 


W' 


Ji 


pardon  me,  the  poor  Mushtari,  for  in  no  sense 
can  I  be  termed  a  Poet ;  it  is  not  right  to 
term  me  so  and  it  saddens  my  own  heart 
(when  I  hear  myself  so  called) ;  Bint,  Tim., 
2  Jan.,  1895. 

III.  Akar  layak  :  a  fibrous  climbing  plant, 
the  trailers  of  which  are  used  for  string;  J.  S. 
A.  S.,  VIIL,  126. 


Arab.     Right,  proper,  fitting  ;   v.  layak. 


11." 

layam.  A  sort  of  sword-dance.  Berlayam : 
to  dance  this  sword-dance  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  141. 

lay  an.     Attendance,  service,  waiting  on. 

Lay  am  :  to  wait  on  (a  person);  to  attend  to 
(anything).  Melayan,  mUayani,  and  melayan- 
kan  :  id,  Melayani  meja  :  to  wait  at  table ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  177,  Melayani  baginda  :  to  wait  on  a 
prince ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Melayan  baginda : 
id.,  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  38.  Layani  kehendak  :  to 
attend  to  (another's)  wishes;  Sh.  Bid.,  52. 
L.  maksud :  id. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  66. 

Ramai'lah  orang  yang  dudok  makan, 
Banyak'lah  orang  yang  melayankan  : 
many  were  the  people  who  sat  down  to  supper, 
and  many  were  the  servants  who  waited  upon 
them ;  Bint.  Tim. 

layon.  I,  Jav.  The  dead  body  (of  a  prince). 
Sa-telah  sampai  kapada  layon  Sang-nata :  when 
they  came  upon  the  body  of  the  king ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Ayer  mawar  mendiruskan  kapada  layonan  :  rose- 
water  to  sprinkle  on  the  body;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng.,  199. 

n.  (Daik.)  A  preparation  like  emping  but 
made  of  young  padi, 

lain.  Different,  other  than;  some... others. 
Lain  daripada  itu  :  different  from  that.  Ubat 
berjinis-jinis,  lain  di-mimim  lain  di-sapii  perut  : 
all  kinds  of  medicines  some  to  be  drunk,  others 
for  external  application  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  20. 

Lain   dtdang,   lain   kaki ; 
Lain   orang,   lain   hati : 

different  salvers  have  different  feet,  different 
men  have  different  dispositions;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  77.  Menchari  L  :  to  seek 
another  (love). 

Lain-lainkan  :  to  sort  (type)  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  167. 

Berlainan :  differing  from ;  apart  from ; 
separate  from  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  391  ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 

Melainkan  :  but ;  nevertheless  ;  except.  Belum 
pernah  ku  lihat  melainkan  khabar  orang  ttiwa- 
tuwa  sehaja  :  I  never  saw  it  myself,  but  it  is 
what  old  men  say  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  61. 

layu.  Fading,  withering.  Habis4ah  pohun 
itu  simuwa-nya  layu :  the  trees  all  withered 
away;  Sh.  K.  G.  T.,  21.  Tnboh-ku  pun  layu- 
lah :  my  body  wasted  away;  Ht.  Abd.,  449. 
Saperti  telipok  layu  :  like  the  faded  lotus  flower ; 
a  simile  for  a  beautiful  ear ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg., 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Bunga  layu  sa-mola  kembang : 
a  faded  flower  that  is  blooming  as  of  old  ;  an 
old  man  dressed  as  a  young  dude ;  Prov. 


A^ 


Ji^ 


Ji^ 


ChempMak  di-kampong  To*   Bandar, 
Daun-nya  jangan   di-beri  layu; 

Tuwan  Mndak   berkata   benar, 
Sekaya  jangan  di-beri  malu : 

there  is  a  chempedak  tree  in  the  garden  of  the 
Dato'  Bandar, — never  let  its  foliage  fade ;  do 
you  now  only  tell  me  the  truth  and  do  not 
later  bring  shame  upon  me ;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  7. 

layah.  L  MHayah  :  to  bend  right  over  back- 
wards ;  to  sway  backwards  and  forwards ;  to 
reel ;  to  sweep  the  ground,  of  the  branches  of  a 
tree.     Siyah-layah  :  id.,  frequentative. 

II.  A  plain  loose  outer  garment  worn  by 
female  hajis.  It  is  made  of  one  piece  and 
covers  the  head  and  the  whole  body. 

lanyak.     Treading  down  ;   trampling   down ; 

— used  especially  of  a  rough  method  of  turn- 
ing up  the  soil  of  a  padi  field  by  turning 
buffaloes  into  it  to  tread  it  down.  Di-lanyak- 
lanyak :  (the  soil)  was  all  trodden  down  (by 
the  elephants) ;  Ht.  Abd.,  74, 

lanyau.  Drifted  mud ;  slimy  mud  with  a 
hard  crust,  or  soft  mud  mixed  with  harder 
substances  such  as  driftwood,  fallen  leaves, 
and  rubbish  generally. 


Aj^   lanyah. 

*         rubbing. 


Rubbing ;      wearing      down      by 


.    \^    ISbaran.     A    Javanese  name    for  the    great 
•^  *       festival   (hari    raya)    following    the    Fasting 


Month. 


luban.     Arab.     Frankincense. 


lebat.  Set  closely  together  ;  dense,  of  foliage ; 
close,  of  hair.  Hujan  I. :  heavy  rain ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  217,  281.  Bulu  kening-nya  lebai :  he 
had  bushy  eyebrows ;  Ht.  Abd.,  86.  Rambut- 
nya  lebat :  with  thick  hair ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 


J 
J 


Ifibar.      Melebar : 
scalded  skin. 


(Kedah)    to    peel    off,    of 


16bor.  Smelting;  the  molten  state;  solution, 
liquefaction,  destruction.  Jika  besi  sa-kali-pun 
hanchor  lebor-lah  kelak :  even  iron  would  be 
melted  down;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  130.  Santa 
lebor,  sania  binasa :  crushed  together,  perishing 
together;  companions  even  in  misfortune 
and  death ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.  Hati 
lebor  :  a  crushed  spirit ;  Sh.  May.,  5.  Jikalau 
rnelaluwi  tanah  yang  rata  menjadi  keleboran  dan 
stmgai :  if  they  traversed  a  plain  it  was  trodden 
into  puddles  and  watercourses;  Ht.  Sh. 
Mard. 


i  J   labSrang.     See  ^^1 . 


LliBANG 


[    596    ] 


lStang 


t> 


G> 


c«i 


^ 


4J 


ISbang.  Lebang  pinggang  :  weakness  and  pain 
following  on  childbirth;  disease  or  undue 
weakness  attending  a  bad  recovery  after  a 
confinement. 

Patah  lebang  :  spoilt  in  the  process  of  making, 
of  any  article. 


lebong.      (Onom.)      The 
body  falling  into  water. 


sound    of  a  heavy 


^^^^^jj  ISbap.  (Onom.)  Lebap'lebup :  a  sound  such 
as  that  of  fruit  falling  on  a  sandy  soil ;  a  dull 
thud. 

L-jLi    16bup.     See  lebap. 

•J    ISbak,     I.     (Onom,)     A  thud  rather  clearer 

than  that  expressed  by  lebap  and  less  full  than 
lebok ;  a  sound  such  as  that  of  a  fruit  falling 
on  hard  soil.  Lebak4ebok  or  lebok4ebak  :  id., 
frequentative. 

IL     (Daik.)    Family,  race.     Lebak  siamt :  of 
So-and-so's  family. 

III.     A  jungle-plant  (unidentified). 
ij    16bok.     See  lebak,  I. 


ISbam.  I.  Livid;  the  colour  of  a  bruise. 
Badan-nya  pun  birii  Ubam  :  his  body  was  a 
livid  blue ;  Ht.  Abd.,  158. 

II.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  a  body  falling 
on  a  fairly  resonant  surface. 

ISbum.  (Onom.)  A  sound  somewhat  fuller 
than  that  expressed  by  lebamt  1 1.,  q.  v. 

ISbaxi.  Kayti  leban :  a  tree,  vitex  pubescem. 
Also  haleban, 

L.  bunga  :  a  tree,  vitex  vestita, 

L,  kimyet :  vitex,  sp. 

L.  pilandok :  a  tree  with  white  flowers; 
evodia  latifolia, 

ISbtm.  Cheating  by  adulteration;  fraud  by 
imitation;  a  specious  but  treacherous 
appearance. 

16bu.  Dust.  Lebu  duli :  id.,  Sej.  Mai.,  17; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  (by  extension) 
a  royal  title ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed.  Tidor-nya  itu  di- 
lebti  tanah :  they  slept  on  the  dust  of  the 
earth ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

Lebu  is  also  (rarely)  used  as  a  humble 
pronoun  of  the  first  person,  **I,  the  dust  under 
your  feet."  Mana  sabeda  Kang  S^nohm-lah pun^ 
lebu  sediya  junjong :  I  obey  whatever  your 
Majesty  commands ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Idbah.     The  common  honey-bee. 

Sarang  L  :  a  bees'  nest ;  Ht.  Abd.,  25,  180. 
Kawan  L  :  a  flying  swarm  of  bees ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng.  L.  bergantong :  a  hanging  swarm  of 
bees ;  a  descriptive  name  given  to  a  certain 
pattern  of  prow  in  native  ships. 


<J 


^ 


J 


cJ 


oj 


u 


ISbeh.  More;  superior ;  greater.  Yang  lebeh  : 
the  most,  the  more.  Korang-korang  buboVf 
stidu  yang  lebeh  :  the  less  broth  the  more 
spoons  ;  the  less  work  the  more  fuss  ;  Prov. 
Sa-depa  atau  lebeh  :  a  fathom  or  more ;  Ht. 
Abd,,  28.     Lebeh  korang  :  more  or  less. 

Lebehkan  :  to  augment,  to  increase ;  Ht.  Abd., 
402  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  130.  L.  p^rkataan  :  to  boast ; 
Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  18. 

Berlebeh-lebehan :  increasing,  going  on  increas- 
ing ;  Ht.  Abd.,  475.  Chakap  I,  :  boastfulness  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  4. 

Kelebehan  :  increase,  superiority ;  Ht.  Abd.,  38. 

Melebehi  :  to  surpass  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Terlebeh :  more.  Yang  terlebeh  :  the  most ; 
most.  TerUbeh'lebeh  ma'almn-lah  ttiwan  yang 
membacha  hikdyat  ini :  you,  gentle  reader  of 
this  story,  know  more  about  this  than  I  do ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  38. 

Lebeh  is  also  used  (Kedah)  of  the  shot 
furthest  from  the  target ;  =  luwi. 

ISboh.  A  broad  street  with  shops  on  each 
side ;  a  busy  thoroughfare  where  much  trade 
is  transacted  but  not  a  regular  market-place 
ipekan)  ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  94,  100,  117. 

Idbai.  A  mosque  official ;  Ht.  Abd.,  416. 
The  lebai  attends  to  the  order  of  the  religious 
service.  In  Penang,  the  term  is  applied  to 
many  Indian  Muhammadans  who  have  no 
duties  in  the  public  mosques  but  who  are 
attached  to  private  chapels  {bandarsah)  and 
are  descendants  of  the  founders  of  the  chapels. 

lat.  I.  Alternation,  in  time  or  (Singpore)  in 
position.  Lat  sa-hari :  every  other  day.  Lat 
duwa  tiga  hart :  every  two  or  three  days ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  98. 

1 1.     See  helat. 

lot  or  lut.  I.  Penetration,  incision  by  a 
weapon.  Kena  pinggang-nya  tiyada  lut:  it 
struck  him  on  the  waist  but  did  not  penetrate ; 
Ht.  Best. 


II.     Batu  lot. 
XL,  65. 


a  sounding-lead;  J.  S.  A.  S., 


Idta.  Mean,  low,  base,  despicable,  bad.  Sa- 
tengah  baik,  sa4engah  leta :  half  good  and  half 
bad;  Sh.  Rej.,  11.  Nama  leta:  a  bad  name; 
Sh.  Nas.,  6.  Hai  penchuri,  orang  yang  leta: 
oh  thief,  you  despicable  man ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak,,  50. 


IStas.      Litus4etas :     (Onom.)      A     snapping 
sound ;  **  snip-snap ;  "  the  noise  of  tearing  cloth. 


j**J    IStus.     See  letas, 


IStis,  (Onom.)  Whisking  about ;  the  leaping 
of  fish  or  prawns  on  the  beach ;  (by  extension) 
fidgety ;  frisky,  of  a  young  woman. 


ij    I3tang.     (Onom.)     A     clanking     or    banging 
CT      noise ;  the  sound  of  a  tambourine  (r^bana). 


LUTING 


[    597    ] 


lSchok 


^ 


u- iJ 


^ 


Igting.  (Onom.)  A  sound  similar  in  character 
to  that  expressed  by  letang  but  sharper  in 
tone;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  IL,  151. 


iii    16tong.    (Onom.)    A  sound  similar  in  character 
CT      to  that  expressed  by  letang  but  deeper  in  tone. 

—tx)    IStap.     (Onom.)     A  rapping  sound. 

Htijan   turun   letup-letap, 
Habis   tiris  segala  atap  : 

the  rain  is  falling  rap-rap-rap,  and  all  the  roof 
is  leaking. 

IStup.  (Onom.)  A  deep  rattle  or  rap;  the 
crackle  of  musketry ;  the  reverberations  of 
thunder.  Limmi  nianis  pun  me  letup  saperti 
petas  :  the  oranges  went  off  with  a  burst  like 
crackers;  Ht.  Abd.,  364.  Sa-kali  letup  tiga 
degum :  one  firing  of  the  match  caused  three 
shots  to  reverberate;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  17. 
Meletup  di'Sana,  di-sini  bunyi-nya  :  firing  on  that 
side  and  noise  on  this ;  one  person  sows  and 
another  reaps ;  Prov. 


I.    Putting  down  ;  laying  down  ;  setting 
Tatkala     iya    letak   kepala-nya     sudah 


16tak. 

down 

tertidor :  the  moment  he  laid  down  his  head  he 

fell  asleep ;  Bint.  Timor,  22  Feb,,  1895. 

Letakkan  and  nieletakkan  :  to  lay  down,  to  set 
down,  to  place.  Letakkan  di-atas  tebu  :  to  train 
(a  plant)  over  sugar-cane;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  L,  8g. 
Di'dirikan  suwatu  dan  suwatu  di-letakkan-nya  : 
he  set  one  erect  and  the  other  he  laid  down  (on 
the  ground)  ;  Ht.  Mash.,  32.  Meletakkan  ubat : 
to  put  medicine  (on  a  wound) ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk., 
23.  MUetakkan  ^ddat :  to  lay  down  legal 
methods  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  441.  Letakkan  hukum  :  to 
lay  down  laws ;  Ht.  Abd.,  369. 

Tetak   buloh  akan   bengkawan, 
Di'belah   temu   di-batu  besi ; 

Datang'lah   dudok   'drif  bangsawan, 
Sudah4ah  patek  meletakkan  kerosi : 

come  and  sit  down,  my  learned  and  noble  one ; 
I,  your  servant,  have  set  down  a  seat  for  you ; 
Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

Terletak  :  laid  down.  Biyar  terletak  jangan 
terhempas :  let  a  thing  be  laid  down  and  not 
thrown  down ;  do  not  overdo  things,  violence 
defeats  its  own  ends;  Prov.,  cf.  J.  S.  A.  S., 
HI.,  26. 

IL  (Onom.)  A  tapping  or  cracking  noise; 
cf.  letap  (which  represents  a  duller  sound). 


lA    16tek,     (Onom.)     A   ticking  sound;    to    tick. 

Ill    IStok.     (Onom.)     A  deep  tapping  or  rapping  ; 
cf.  letak,  II. 


r^ 


Igtam.     See  Utum. 


(^ 


l§tuin.  (Onom.)  A  booming  sound  such  as 
the  roar  of  artillery.  Leium-leiam :  id.,  but 
frequentative.  The  word  is  also  used  of  the 
sound  made  when  working  a  rice-pounder  ;  e,g.: 

Letum-letam   menumbok   tepong, 
Tepong  ptdut   bukan  jawi. 

16teh.  Weakness,  fatigue.  L.lesu:  id.,  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  105.  L.  lisut:  id.;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
L.  lelah  :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  319. 

ji-  Ifijar.     Extreme  weariness  ;  =  penat, 

lX-  16jang.     Shooting    or    darting   forward,  as  a 
Cj       snake  darts  along  the  ground.     Cf.  rejang. 


^ 


4^^  lujah.     Arab.     The  ocean  ;  the  open  sea. 

U- 

C^  16chat.     Extreme  smoothness  or  slipperiness 


16cha.     A  gold  neck-ornament  worn  by  Tamil 
women. 


lechit.  I.  Slipping  from  between  the  fingers, 
as  a  sHppery  round  body  when  pressure  is 
applied.  Melechit :  to  slip  or  shoot  out  in  this 
way.     Cf.  lechut, 

II.     (Onom.)     The  twittering  of  young  birds. 
Cf.  dichit. 


.  ^  Ifichut.     Lechutkan :  to  force  out  the  interior  of 

^"^f      anything  by  pressure  on  the  sides  ;  to  squeeze 

a   fruit  so  as  to  cause  the  pips  or  juice  to 

squirt  out  with  force.     Melechut :  to  squirt  or 

gush  out  in  this  way. 


A 


16char.     (Kedah.) 
of  a  bruise. 


Melechar  :  to  become  livid. 


A.     ISchor.     Melechor :  to  be  scalded ;  to  suffer 
^     from  scalding.     The  word  is  used  of  injuries 
from   hot   moist   substances  as  well  as  from 
boiling  water. 

jy^A-  I6chas.     (Penang.)     Extremely  sweet. 

v_.ti.  ISchap.       I.      (Onom.)      Lechap'lechiip :    the 

^^  ^      sound  of  people  eating ;  the  smacking  of  the  Hps. 

II.     Saturated,  wet  through,   LUhap4ah  sapu 

tangan  uleh  ayer  mata :  the  handkerchief  was 

soaked  with  tears ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

,_ji.  16chup.     I.     See  lechap. 

^        II.    Melechup  :  to  be  blistered,  of  the  skin; 
=  melechor. 

l^  lechak.  (Onom.)  Lechak-lechok :  the  sound 
of  people  trampling  through  soft  mud ;  sucking 
noises. 

I.3L  Igcliek.  (Onom.)  The  twittering  of  birds  ;  = 
lechit,  II. 


-A.  16chok.     See 

LTV 


lechak,  I, 


75 


LiCHAH 


[    598    ] 


l£sap 


<^  ISchah.  Muddy  walking;  partly  wet  and 
partly  dry;  the  state  of  a  bad  road  a  short 
time  after  rain.     Musim  L  :  the  rainy  season. 

^^  l^choh.     Steeping  vegetables  or  rice  in  water. 

Padi  sa-genggam  habis4ah   lechoh, 
Tidak   biileh   di4umboh-nya   lagi; 

Kehendak  Allah  juga  yang  sunggoh, 
Tidak   btdeh  kihendak   hati : 

when  a  handful  of  padi  has  once  been  steeped 
in  water  it  is  not  to  be  pounded  any  more; 
the  Will  of  God  is  alone  to  be  relied  on,  we 
cannot  trust  the  impulses  of  the  heart;  Sh. 
Pant.  ShL,  14. 

j^  lahad.     Arab.     Liyang  lahad :  an  excavation 

on  the  left  side  of  a  grave,  for  the  reception 
of  the  dead  body. 

c.jj    Igdang.     (Kedah.)     Stepping  on,  treading  on. 

i  jj    ISding.     MBleding  :  to  warp,  to  curve  inwards 
d         under  the  influence  of  heat. 

ijj    IMong.     MelBdong :    to    **give'\*    to    take    a 
w         concave  shape  under  pressure,  as  when  planks 
give  under  a  heavy  weight. 

^j^    ledzdzat.     [Arab,     oil.]     Delightful   to   the 

taste ;  pleasurable,  enjoyable ;  Ht.  Abd.,  286, 
377,  467.     Often  pronounced  lazzat. 


(J 


lar.     An  insect ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  116. 

lor.  Jav.  The  north ;  Cr.  Hist.  Ind.  Arch., 
11. ,  lOI. 

Idras.  Lerus4eras:  (Onom.)  A  scratching 
sound  such  as  that  made  by  fowls  scratching 
up  earth. 

Idrus.     See  iBras, 

Idrak.     I.     Buwah    lerak :    a    fruit,    said    to 

resemble  soap ;  sapindus  rarak, 

11.  (Onom.)  A  sound  such  as  that  made 
by  a  large  animal  crashing  through  under- 
growth; to  burst  open,  of  an  overfull  box;  to 
split,  of  a  house. 

Ifirek.     A  variant  oi  derek,  q.  v. 

Ifiram.     A  variant  of  der am,  q.  v. 

ISnuil.     A  variant  of  derum,  q.  v. 

Idrah.  Tcrlerah  :  thrown  down  and  injured, 
of  fruit  blown  down  by  a  squall ;  knocked  out 
of  its  binding,  of  a  book. 


\    ISrai.     Melerai :  to  separate   a   pair  of   com- 
W^      batants  or  things  adhering  to  each  other. 


.U 


iU 


W-.t^*^) 


lazawardi.     Lapis  lazuli ;  V.  is^j^ji- 

las.  I.  Batulas  :  a  hard  mineral  substance 
used  as  emery-stone. 

II.     LuS'las:     darting    by,     flashing    past; 
coming  in  and  going  out  freely. 

lis.  I.  [Dutch /es^.]  A  cord,  a  twist, — but 
used  of  a  peculiar  cord-like  pattern  in  wood- 
carving. 

II.     Eng.     List ;  enumeration. 


^j-J    lus.     See  las,  II. 


lisdiH.  Arab.  Tongue,  speech.  Dengan  lisdn: 
orally.  Maka  di-jilat  dengan  Hsdn  tujoh  hart: 
then  lick  it  with  the  tongue  on  seven  days ; 
Muj.,  96. 

lisdill!.  Arab.  Lingual  (of  certain  letters  of 
the  alphabet).     Htirilf  L  :  the  lingual  letters. 

Ifisit.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  a  grasshopper 
rustling  in  grass.  Cf.  pelesit.  Lesit  is  pro- 
nounced lesiH. 

ISsut.  (Onom.)  The  switching  sound  made 
by  a  rattan  when  whipping  through  the  air. 
Pronounced  lestifH, 


ISstaka. 

bow. 


The  central  or  thicker  portion  of  a 


Idsar.  (Onom.)  Lesor4esar :  the  rustling  of 
grass, — a  gentler  sound  than  lesok-lesak. 

16sir.  A  sword-dance ;  fencing  with  swords  or 
other  weapons  against  an  imaginary  opponent. 
Main  L  :  to  dance  or  fence  in  this  way. 


j-mJ    ISsor.     See  lesar. 


ISsing.     (Onom.) 
Using  :  to  whiz  2. 


A   whizzing   sound.      Me- 


ISsong.  A  wooden  mortar ;  a  pounding  recep- 
tacle, the  pounder  being  called  antan  or  alu. 
Lesong  menchari  alu  :  the  mortar  works  up  to 
the  pestle ;  a  reversal  of  the  natural  order  of 
things,  as  when  a  woman  makes  love  to  a 
man ;  Prov.  Antan  patah  lisong  hilang  :  if  the 
pounder  be  broken  the  receptacle  will  be  lost; 
if  the  husband  is  useless  the  wife  will  be 
unfaithful;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  89. 
The  word  also  occurs:  Ht.  Abd.,  357 ;  Sh. 
Bid.,  114;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  24, 

L-  hindek  :  a  pounding  machine,  worked  by 
the  foot,  for  pounding  padi, 

L,  pinang :  a  betel-nut  pounder  ;  =  gobek. 

ISsap.  Disappearance,  vanishing,  occultation. 
L.  daripada  mata:  to  disappear  from  sight; 
Bint.  Tim.,  4  April,  1895.  L.  sa-kali :  to  dis- 
appear altogether;  Ht.  Abd.,  208.  Cf.  lennyap 
and  resap. 


LiSAK 


[    599    ] 


LANQSAT 


iS^ 


^j^  ISsak.  (Onom.)  Lesok4esak  .-to  rustle, of  stiff 
clothes,  etc. 

^j--J    ISsok.     See  lesak, 

^y^    laskar.     A  variant  of  lashkar^  q.  v. 

y^  ISsu.  Weak,  tired  out, — stronger  than  leteh, 
Leteh  lesu  :  id.;  Cr.  Gr.,  80,  81;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
85.  Puchat  lesu :  pale  with  weariness,  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  7^,  78,  145;  cL  puchat  lest. 

ISsi.     I.     Spiritless;  despairing  unwillingness 
to  fight,  as  the  result  of  many  defeats. 

II.  Puchat  lest:  extreme  pallor,  pale  as 
death.  Ptiteh  L  :  white  as  death ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng.  Apa  mola-nya  maka  engkau  puchat  lest 
bagai  tiyada  makan  nasi  :  why  are  you  pale  as 
though  you  had  had  nothing  to  eat ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.    Cf,  lesu, 

<jj    lashkar.     Pers.     A  soldier,    an  infantryman, 
-^  a  sailor;  Ht.  Abd.,  103;   Sej.  Mai.,  loi,   117; 

Ht.  Hamz.,  11,  34. 

,_ijy  latlf.  Arab.  Charitable.  ' A  bdu'  I4atif :'' the 
servant  of  the  most  charitable;"  a  proper 
name  of  common  occurrence  among  Malays. 

\j,J    la'aL     Arab.     A  ruby ;  ruby-red  wine. 

AM  la'anat.  Arab.  Curse.  Iblis  'alaihi  la'anat: 
Iblis,  may  a  curse  rest  upon  him ;  Ht.  Md. 
Hanaf,,  13.  Kafir  la'anatan :  the  accursed 
infidels;  Sh.  Rej,,  13.  La'anatuHlah :  the 
curse  of  God.  Iblis  la'anatu '  llah :  Iblis,  upon 
whom  may  God's  curse  rest ;  Ht.  Isk,  Dz. 

2j^  lughat.  Arab.  Spoken  sounds,  words.  Ini- 
lah  highat-nya :  these  are  the  words ;  this  is 
the  exact  text  or  formula ;  Muj.,  53.  'Ilmu  L  : 
philology.  Kitdb  /. ;  a  dictionary  or 
vocabulary ;  Ht,  Abd.,  9. 

ij  lang.  I.  A  generic  name  for  birds  of  prey 
C  such  as  hawks,  kites,  falcons,  and  eagles. 
Belalang  telah  menjadi  lang  :  grasshoppers  have 
become  kites  ;  the  mean  have  become  great ; 
Ht.  Abd,,  4.  Laksana  lang  makan  rnenyambar 
sa-genap  pulau :  like  a  hawk  which  seeks  its 
prey  all  over  the  islands;  a  proverbial  simile 
for  a  predatory  vagabond.  Lang  laut :  a  sea- 
eagle;  another  proverbial  description  of  a 
wandering  thief.  Sapirti  lang  bermain  angin : 
like  a  falcon  amusing  itself  in  the  wind ;  a 
simile  for  a  defiant  swagger;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

L,  ay  am  :  a  hawk  which  preys  on  chickens. 

L.  borek  :  a  spotted  hawk. 

L.  hantu  :  a  name  given  to  the  owl. 

L.  hindek  :  a  variety  of  fish-hawk. 

L.  hangar  .-another  variety  of  sea-hawk. 

L.  malam:  =  /.  hantu. 

L.  merah  :  a  reddish-coloured  hawk; 


jj 


L.   punggok :     a     short-tailed    hawk ;    also 
(metaphorically)  a  night-prowler. 
L.  raj  await :  an  eagle. 
L,  sewah  :  a  large  hawk ;  a  kite. 
L.  sikap  :  a  small  variety  of  land  hawk. 
L.  suwir  :  a  vampire. 
L.  tembikar  :  a  hawk  (unidentified). 

Dada  L :  Q.  peculiar  hut  so  called  from  its 
curving  roof. 

Kuku  L  :  "  the  claws  of  a  hawk ;  "  a  hook  the 
point  of  which  points  away  from  rather 
than  towards  the  shaft  of  the  hook. 

Patpat  L  :  a  game  in  which  the  players  stand 
one  behind  the  other  each  holding  the  one  in 
front. 

Sepak  l.  :  a  nickname  given  to  the  single  tuft 
of  hair  worn  by  Malay  boys. 

II.  A  variant  of  selang,  q.  v. 

III.  A  salt-water  shell-fish  (unidentified)  ; 
Kl. 

pJ    leng.     A  measure  of  capacity  ;=  J  a  chupak, 

long.  I.  A  kind  of  native  coffin  (without  a 
bottom  to  it).  The  body  is  laid  in  the  grave 
and  the  long  is  placed  over  it.  Papan  L  :  a 
Chinese  coffin.  Puteh  kuning  di-dalam  long : 
**  my  fair  one  in  her  coffin ;  "  white  and  yellow 
in  a  case ;  a  riddling  description  of  an  egg. 

II.  (Penang.)    To  call ;  ^panggiL 

III.  A  curve,  a  winding.    Cf.  lok,  tUok^  etc. 

IV.  A  variant  of  sulong,  q.  v. ;  a  familiar 
name  {timang  timangan)  given  to  the  eldest  of 
a  family. 

\j^    Idnga.     Minyak  lenga  ;  oil  made  from  sesamum 
{bijan)  ;  Muj.,  27,  28. 

^  a\    ISngat.     Cooking  by  placing   in  a  receptacle, 
^■^         the  receptacle  being  placed  in  boiling  water. 

^•_.i\  Ifingit.  Defeated  and  demoralised;  the 
demoralization  consequent  on  a  complete 
defeat. 

j\    ISngar.     Pain  and  dizziness  consequent  on  a 
-y^      blow  on   the   head.      Tombong    laku-nya  Si- 
K^pala   Lengar  ini :  this  Mr.    Dizzy-head  is 
altogether  too  arrogant ;  Ht.  Sh. 

Telengar ;  knocked  silly ;  (by  metaphor) 
bumping  its  bows  continually  on  the  reef,  of  a 
boat  that  has  run  aground. 

^jJH  16ngas.  Clamminess,  greasiness;  moisture 
such  as  collects  on  a  sugary  surface  or  on 
iron ;  moisture  on  a  hot  human  body. 
Melengas  :  to  become  clammy  or  moist. 

^^.,.i\  langsat.  A  well-known  fruit,  lansium 
domesticum ;  Hi.  Abd.,  241;  Ht.  Koris;  Ht. 
P.  J.  P. 

Anjing  L  or  anjing  bulu  I. :  a  dog  of  a  white- 
yellow  colour  like  the  colour  of  this  fruit. 


LANQSIT 


[    600    ] 


L&NGKOR 


langsit.      (Penang.) 
albidiflora. 


A   shrub,    prismatomens 


,^ 


j^> 


>4aJi) 


J 


<M^ 


lengset.  Bekngset:  turned  inside  out, — used 
especially  of  a  boy's  trick  of  turning  down  the 
eye-lid  so  as  to  expose  its  inner  side.  Buta 
bekngset:  blindness  with  the  eye  injured  and 
projecting ;  also  bttta  belemet, 

langsar.  Length  disproportionate  to  breadth ; 
long  and  straight ;  tall  and  erect.  TunggMl-nya 
l.  :  the  standard  was  straight  and  lofty ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb.  Ttiboh  langsar  batang  menjtiai : 
tall  and  erect  in  body  as  the  trunk  of  the 
menjelai  ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  42. 

lengser  or  lingsir.  Slipping  or  sliding  down, 
especially  slipping  to  the  side;  sending  any- 
thing sliding  along  the  ground  ;  rubbing  oil  or 
grease  on  the  sides  of  a  saucepan.  L,  matahari  : 
the  descent  of  the  sun  from  its  irenith  ;  the  fall 
of  day  ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. ;  Sh.  Bid.,  28.  Hari  I, : 
id.;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya,  Ht.  Sh.  Kain  terlingsir  : 
the  sarong  slipped  down  ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Cf. 
gelinchir,  linchin,  longsor,  etc. 

Melingsir  :  to  rub  a  little  oil  or  other  fatty 
matter  on  the  sides  of  a  saucepan  in  certain 
processes  of  cooking. 


JL*mBu 


JL*i*W 


longsor  or  lungsor.  Slipping  or  sliding 
forward;  slipping  down.  Melongsor :  to  slip 
down.  M.  dart  ribaan  :  to  slip  down  off  a 
person's  lap  ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya,  Cf.  gelongsor^ 
lingsir,  etc. 

langsong.  Proceeding  ;  moving  on  to ;  issuing  ; 
forthwith,  next.  Berjalan-lah  langsong  ka- 
pekan  :  they  went  straight  to  the  market-place. 

Terlangsong  perahu  buleh  balek; 
Terlangsong  chakap   ta'-buleh   balek  : 

a  boat  that  has  gone  forth  may  be  recalled, 
but  words  that  have  gone  forth  are  beyond 
recall ;  Prov. 

Terlangsong  also  means  "  too  much"  ;  cf. 
terlalu  from  lahi,  Jangan  terlangsong  :  do  not 
overdo  it. 


i„^    langsing.     Shrill,  of  tones  ;  =  langsi,   Melang- 
C  singkan   suwara  :  to   make  one's  voice  shrill ; 

Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  11.     Frononnced  langsi^ng. 

ij-^^    longsen    or    longsin.    I.    The     warp    (in 
weaving). 

n.     Eng.     Dozen.     See  dosen, 

-,^fO    lengsan.     Listless,  idle  ;  dawdling  over  work  ; 
absent-minded. 

Orang  yang  haiwdn  hati-nya   lengsan, 
Ta'-btdeh  di-harap  stiwatu   Mrjaan ; 

Sa-hari   kerja  jadi  sa-bulan 

Sunggoh  di'buwat  tiyada  sampaiyan : 

a  boorish  and  absent-minded  man  is  not  to  be 
trusted  with  any  work  at  all ;  a  day's  work 
drags  on  for  a  month,  and  though  he  is  engaged 
on  it  the  work  is  never  finished. 


^ 


^ 


J 


Cr^ 


^ 


>iJ 


^ 


langsi.  L  Shrill,  clear, — of  the  voice,  of 
musical  notes,  etc.  MHangsi:  to  give  out  a 
shrill  note.  Kumbang  melangsi  btmga  :  the  bee 
utters  its  shrill  note  over  the  flower  ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.  Kumbang  pun  melangsi  lalu  hinggap 
kapada  sanggul :  the  bee  uttered  a  shrill  note 
and  perched  upon  the  lady's  tresses ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng.  Melangsi  bunyi  terompit-nya  :  the  notes 
of  their  trumpets  sounded  shrilly ;  Sh.  Pr, 
Turk.,  5. 

n.  Hangings  such  as  are  placed  over  a 
door ;  drapery.  Langsi-nya  daripada  beludu  : 
the  hangings  were  of  velvet ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
Di-atur-nya  nieja  di-buboh-nya  langsi  :  they  laid 
the  table  and  draped  it;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  8. 
Sometimes  pronounced  langsai  or  langse. 

langsai.  Completion,  winding  up,  putting  an 
end  to.     Habis  L  :  quite  finished. 

ISngang.  Sparse,  of  population ;  poor,  of 
attendance  at  a  service  or  festival. 

l§ngong.  Melengong :  to  be  pensive ;  to  be 
wrapped  in  thought ;  to  be  unconscious  of 
one's  surroundings,  as  when  a  man  receives 
bad  news.  Dudok-lah  melengong  di-bawah 
pohun  kayu :  he  sat  day-dreaming  under  a  tree ; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

ISngkara.  L  [Skr.  alang-kara.]  Fabulous, 
unlikely,  improbable,  miraculous,  wonderful. 

n.  A  corruption  of  the  word  negara  (a 
kettle-drum),  q.  v, 

Idngkayan.  A  sort  of  crow's-nest  or  tree 
platform  on  which  light  guns  {lela)  were 
mounted  in  Malay  warfare. 

langkat.  L  Three  days  hence ;  the  day  after 
the  day  after  to-morrow ;  =  tulat, 

IL  Tikar  langkat :  a  special  pattern  in  mats. 
Langkat  is  also  the  name  of  a  well-known 
district  in  Sumatra. 

lengkar  or  lingkar.  A  coil, — of  a  snake, 
or  of  rope,  or  of  anything  similar.  Di-suroh 
ideh  Sang  Seperba  lengkar  rotan  sa-besar  perisai : 
Sang  Seperba  ordered  a  coil  of  rattan  to  be 
made  of  the  size  of  a  shield;  Sej.  MaL,  41. 
Segan  mengorak  lengkar:  slow  to  unwind  its 
coils,  of  a  snake;  slow  to  do  any  work, 
sluggish,  of  a  man  ;  Prov.    Cf.  lengkang, 

Berlengkar  :  in  coils,  coiled  up.  B.  saperti  tali  : 
coiled  up,  like  rope  ;  Sh.  Abd,  Mk.,  25.  Babi 
tunggal  siyong-nya  birlengkar  tujoh  lengkar  :  a 
lone  boar  with  tushes  rolling  up  into  seven 
coils ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Ular  b, :  a  coiled 
snake ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  16.  Di-dalam 
hati  chinta  berlengkar :  love  is  entwined  round 
the  heart ;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  12. 

Idngkor.  L  Melengkor  :  to  be  slightly  bowed 
or  bent. 

IL  (Kedah.)  MBUngkor  :  to  snore  loudly  ;= 
(Riau,  Johor)  mendingkor. 


LANGKAS 


[     6oi     ] 


LfeNGKUWAS 


{j^^    langkas.     Fiery,  of  a  steed  ;    spirited  ;  active, 
of  a  man.    Cf.  tangkas, 

jj*S\iJ    lingkas.     A  variant  of  ringkas,  q.  v. 

iSj^   lengkang  or  lingkang.    I.    Ring-shaped ;  a 
CI  circumference ;     a     numeral     coefficient     for 

bracelets,    anklets,   and     objects     of    similar 
appearance.    Cf.  lengkar  and  chelengkang, 

L.  lengkok  :  meandering.    Cf.  bengkang. 

IL     To  peel  off',  of  paint,  whitewash,  etc. 


^ 


langkang.  Terlangkang  :  opening  out ;  wide 
apart  at  the  extremities,  of  a  buffalo's  horns  ; 
cf.  bangkang. 

Igngkong.     I.     Bowed,  bow-shaped. 

II.     (Onom.)     A  deep  booming  sound ;  cf. 
kong,  gong,  etc. 

lengkeng.  A  name  (said  to  be  Chinese)  given 
to  the  biiwah  bidara. 


lengkong  or  lingkong.  Circular,  curving; 
motion  in  a  circular;  the  rim  of  a  wheel. 
Habis  di'lengkong  sakaliyan  kota  :  they  com- 
pletely surrounded  all  the  forts ;  Sh.  Pr.  Turki, 
II.  Kuwala  di-lengkong  karang :  an  estuary 
encircled  by  reefs ;  Pel.  Abd.,  log. 

Lengkongan  bnlan :  the  revolutions  of  the 
moon ;  the  name  of  a  Malay  paper  published  in 
Singapore  (A.  D.  igoo). 

longkang.  A  drain,  a  cesspool.  Di-bawah 
rumah-nya  itti  penohlah  dengan  longkang  dan 
sampah-sampah  :  the  space  below  their  houses 
was  occupied  by  cesspools  and  rubbish-heaps  ; 
Pel.  Abd.,  77.  Kain  dalam  achar  kniip  chuchi 
diya  hendak  masok  ka-dalam  longkang  juga : 
you  may  pick  out  an  old  garment  from  the 
sink  and  you  may  clean  it,  but  it  will  want  to 
go  back  into  the  cesspool  all  the  same  ;  you 
may  educate  a  man  of  low  tastes  but  he  will 
return  to  his  vices  just  the  same ;  Prov. 
Laksana  intan  manikam  jatoh  di-longkang  ta^- 
hilang  chehaya :  like  diamonds  and  pearls 
which  do  not  lose  their  lustre  even  if  they  fall 
into  a  cesspool ;  characters  which  the  worst 
surroundings  cannot  degrade ;  Prov. 

In  Penang  parit  is  used  of  an  open  running 
drain  where  longkang  would  be  used  in 
Singapore. 


^{<Ca\  langkap  or  Igngkap.  I.  Complete ;  fully 
equipped;  sufficiently  supplied.  Biirong yang 
lengkap  dengan  diiwa  sayap  :  a  bird  in  possession 
of  both  its  wings;  Ht.  Abd.,  71. 

Chnkup  L  :  fully  suppHed,  complete  ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  27.  L.  genap  :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  140,  191, 
451- 

Sa4engkap :  all  over  ;  including  all.  Dengan 
sa-lengkap-nya  :  in  its  completeness ;  in  full ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  217,  284 ;  Sej.  Mai.,  92. 


Lengkapi  :  to  equip  ;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  26  ;  Sej. 
Mai.,  36,  116,  Lengkapkan  :  id. ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben., 
81.  Melengkapi :  id.  ;  Sej.  MaL,  19=  ;  Ht. 
Mash.,  42.  uUengkapkan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
ii>  154- 

Berlengkap :  to  be  complete ;  to  be  fully 
supplied  or  equipped  ;  Sej.  MaL,  54,  115. 

Kclengkapan  :  equipment ;  necessary  fittings 
or  appurtenances;  Ht.  Abd.,  472. 

II.  A    plant,    arenga    obtusifolia, 
Akar  /.  :  a  plant,  tinomiscium  petiolare, 

III.  The  space  underneath  the  sliding-piece 
or  tray  in  a  sireh-hox, 

IV.  A  large  fly  ;=  langan. 


langkup.     To   capsize, 
bottom  upwards. 


of  a    boat ;    to   turn 


lingkap.  (Penang.)  Lost,  perished,  ruined, 
spoilt,  wasted,  spent  {of  money  or  property).^ 
Also  lingktip, 

lingkup.  I.  Bundling  a  thing  to  one  side; 
laying  a  table-cloth  or  any  similar  object  so 
that  it  hangs  down  principally  on  one  side  ; 
wearing  a  veil  so  that  it  hangs  down 
extensively  on  one  or  more  sides,  Bertudong 
linghip  :  veiled  in  this  way ;  Ht.  Koris. 

1 1.     Spent,  destroyed  ;  =   lingkap, 

lungkup.  To  capsi/^e ;  a  variant  of  langkap^ 
q.  v. 

lengkak.     Lengkak  leman  :  a  tree  yielding  a 

wood  well-adapted  for    shipbuilding ;   KL,  v. 
d.  W. 

lengkok.      MUengkok :    to    bend,    wind,    or 

curve, — as   a  river   or   road.    Cf.    chelengkok, 
Lengkang4engkok  :  winding,  meandering. 

longkum  or  lungkum.  Dome-like,  dome- 
shaped  ;  convex  on  one  side  and  concave  on 
the  other. 


langkan.       [Chin.   Idn-kan,] 
balustrade  or  railing. 


A   balcony ;    a 


langkau.  Skipping ;  overlapping ;  omitting 
and  resuming  ;  leaving  a  blank  space  in  writ- 
ing, or  omitting  paragraphs  when  reading. 

ISngkuwas.  An  aromatic  plant  used  in 
making  curries,  alpinia  galanga ;  Muj.,  51.  L. 
miida  :  the  young  lengkuwas  fruit,  a  proverbial 
simile  for  a  beautiful  heel;  Ht.  Koris.  L. 
ranting :  a  small  wild  ginger,  alpinia  con- 
chigera, 

1  Cf.  the  pantun  :~~ 

Orang  Acheh  tanam  lada 

Buwat  phtjunjong  batang  d^dap ; 
Kalau  jadi  pura  ph'anda 

Modal  lingkup  hMa  lingkap. 


LfiNQKOYAN 


[    602    ] 


LENGGANG 


^ 
^ 

S^ 


ISngkoyan.  (Kedah.)  A  ginger ;  zingiber 
casstimtmaar.    Also  Umpoyan. 

langkah.  Stepping,  pacing  ;  a  step  ;  a  stride ; 
striding  over ;  starting  out  on  a  journey.  Tiyap- 
tiyap  langkah  ingat4ah  abang :  remember  me  at 
every  step  you  take ;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  30. 
Peremptiwan  ini  langkah  ular  tiyada  lepas  :  **  if 
this  woman  steps  over  a  snake  the  snake  will 
not  let  her  escape  ;  "  she  is  so  ugly  that  Pro- 
vidence will  take  the  first  opportunity  of 
removing  her. 

L,     kanan  :     to   arrive  punctually. 

L.     kiri :  to  arrive  late, 

Kutika  L  :  the  lucky  seasons  for  undertaking 
a  journey.  Terlalu  banyak  paham  di-langkah : 
very  learned  regarding  the  luckiest  times  for 
starting ;  Sh.  Ul.,  4. 

Mengangkat  I,  :  to  step,  to  move  ;  Sh.  Abd. 
Mk.,  108. 

Salah  /.  :  a  false  step  ;  to  slip.  Maka  salah 
langkah  Shah  Knbdd  chokmar  Tiran  Shah  iUi- 

pun  mhigHai  Shah  Kubdd  :  owing  to  Sh.  Kubad 

taking   a  false   step,  the   mace  of  Tiran  Shah 
struck  him  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Langkahkan  :  to  put  down  (the  foot)  in  taking 
a  step.  Melangkahkan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  114. 
Apa-bila  di4anghahkan-nya  kaki-nya  memijak 
daratan  maka  meriyam  pun  di-pasang-lah  :  the 
moment  he  set  foot  on  the  shore  the  guns  fired 
(a  salute) ;  Ht.  Abd.,  109. 

Langkahi :  to  walk  over;  Sej.  Mai.,  82. 

Melangkah  :  to  step,  to  stride^  to  travel  over. 
M,  lautan  :  to  cross  the  seas ;  Ht.  Abd.,  280. 
M .  bukit  gunong :  to  traverse  hills  and  moun- 
tains; Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

Pelangkahan  or  perlangkahan  :  paces,  steps ; 
a  journey;  Bint.  Tim.,  13  March,  1895.  'Adat 
p. :  the  compensation  or  extra  gift  given  to  the 
parents  of  a  bride  if  the  bride  is  a  younger 
daughter,  the  elder  being  unmarried ;  Laws  of 
Palembang,  Simb.  Ch.,  14. 

lengkah.     At  variance,  in  disagreement. 

longkah.  Loosened  from  its  place ;  strained  ; 
out  of  its  socket  or  joint.  Bunyi  kBlongkah- 
longkah  :  the  sound  of  the  straining  of  the 
timbers  in  a  ship  in  bad  weather. 


ISngkai,  Panjang  lengkai : 
graceful,  of  the  human 
lissome;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  8. 


long  and  slender ; 
figure ;    willowy ; 


Ifingkitang.     A  mussel  (unidentified). 

Idngkiyang.     A  small  granary  or  rice-store. 
Also  rhtgkiyang, 

lingga.     L    The  name  of  a  well-known  island. 

IL    The  transplanting  of  a  tree    together 
with  the  soil  adhering  to  its  roots. 


:>GsM    Idnggada.     A   medicinal    plant  (diospyros  lu- 
cida  ?) , 

.J^    Ignggana.     [Skr.   langghdna,]     Unwilling. 

pj^    langgar.     L     Knocking  against,  coming  into 
^  collision  against,  attacking, 

Baik   dan  jahat^   ayuhai   taulan, 
Jangan  dt-langgar  Hlmti   demikiyan  : 

Oh  my  friends,  do  not  attack  such  knowledge 
as  tells  you  what  is  good  and  what  is  evil ;  Sh. 
Rej.,  I. 

Langgaraii :  the  attack;  Ht.  Sri  Rama 
(Maxw.),  70. 

Langgari :  to  resist,  to  oppose,  to  attack,  to 
fight  against ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  56.  Langgarkan  : 
id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  206.  Melanggar :  id. :  Ht.  Abd., 
305.  469- 

H.  Jav.  A  Muhammadan  private  chapel, 
better  known  as  (Malacca)  surau,  or  (Penang) 
bandarsah  ;  a  small  shrine  for  a  few  people  and 
not  a  mosque  of  general  assembly;  Kam. 
Kech.,  II;  Sh.  Ung.  Bers.,  6;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah. ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  139,  141. 


lenggar.     Wide  apart,  as  packages  in  a  box. 

longgar.  Loose,  as  a  keris  in  a  scabbard 
which  is  too  wide  for  it ;  knocking  against  the 
sides. 

langgas.  (Penang.)  Without  ties;  unres- 
trained, as  a  man  who  has  no  wife  or  relatives 
to  consider. 

linggis.  Linggisan  dayong :  the  long  pole 
which  is  elevated  above  the  side  of  the  boat 
and  is  made  fast  to  the  thole-pins. 

langgang.  Tonggang4anggang^ :  (Riau,  Johor) 
topsy-turvy,  helter-skelter,  upside  down,  head 
over  heels;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.,  Sh.  Sing.  Terb., 
10.     Tunggil  L  :  (Kedah)  id.    Cf.  longgang, 

ISnggang.     A  short  pause ;  Kl.,  v.  d.  W. 


lenggang.  Rocking,  swaying ;  the  rolling  of 
a  boat ;  swinging  the  arms  when  walking ;  a 
rolling  or  swaggering  gait.  L.  huln,  L  hilir : 
rolling  up  and  rolling  down;  the  aimless 
peregrinations  of  a  vagrant.  Lenggok-lenggang 
bagai  chupak  hanyut :  rocking  to  and  fro  like  a 
floating  coco-nut  shell;  a  proverbial  descrip- 
tion of  a  loose  woman ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  n.,  156. 
Berjalan  serta  lenggang-nya  yang  lemah-lembnt : 
to  walk  with  a  gently  swaying  action ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Nata.  Berjalan  mengayun  lenggang:  to 
walk  with  a  marked  roll  or  swagger;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng. 

L.penit:  a  ceremonial  washing  of  the  body 
of  a  woman  in  the  seventh  month  of  pregnancy. 

Birlenggang :  to  roll  (of  a  ship) ;  to  lurch 
about  or  roll  about  (of  a  man) ;  Sh.  Pant. 
Shi.,  I ;  Pel.  Abd.,  32. 


lSnggak 


[  603  ] 


LliPAS 


^ 


J^ 


^ 


J^ 


s^ 


Idnggak.     Thrusting    the    head    backwards; 

forcing  it  back  so  as  to  strain  the  neck; 
looking  intently  upwards.  Cf.  longgak^  changak, 
etc. 

lenggok.     The  swaying  of  a  dancer ;  posturing ; 

gesticulating;  moving  the  head  or  body 
meaningly.  L,  lenggang :  id.  (frequentative); 
V.  lenggang,  Berlenggok  :  to  sway  the  body  as 
a  dancer ;  to  walk  with  a  slight  roll.  Berkata 
seraya  berlenggok :  to  gesticulate  while  speaking ; 
Sh.  Ung.  Bers.,  4.  Terlenggok-lenggok  .-gesticu- 
lating or  swaying  the  body  continually;  Ht. 
Ind.  Meng.,  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

longgak.  Looking  directly  upwards,  as  a 
man  would  look  at  the  moon  in  mid-heaven. 
Hantti  I. :  a  name  given  to  an  evil  spirit  the 
head  of  which  is  turned  permanently  upwards 
(an  attribute  sometimes  assigned  to  the  spectre 
huntsman  or  hantu  pemburu),  Cf.  dongak, 
lenggak,  etc. 

longgok  or  lunggok.     Heaping  up  into  little 

mounds ;  the  collection  of  grass  or  stubble  and 
its  distribution  into  little  heaps;  piling  up 
small  pieces  of  firewood  in  stacks.  Longgok" 
kan :  to  gather  into  heaps, — used  of  people 
piling  their  furniture  into  heaps  in  the  street 
during  a  fire  so  as  to  save  it;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb., 
20  ;  Sh.  K.  G.  T.,  20.  Berlonggok  :  gathered 
in  such  heaps,  of  furniture;  Sh,  K.  G.  T.,  15. 

langgam.  Berlanggam  :  to  club  together  ;  to 
subscribe  to  a  common  purpose;  Bint.  Tim., 
23  February,,  1895. 

linggam.     Red.     Cf.  sedBlinggam,  red-lead. 

ISnggundi,  A  small  tree  with  violet  flowers 
and  aromatic  leaves,  vitex  trifolia ;  Ht.  Koris ; 
Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  13 ;  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  5.  The 
leaves  of  this  tree  are  used  medicinally.  Also 
pronounced  legtmdi, 

lunggu.  Belunggu  :  shackles,  fetters,  stocks  ; 
Muj.,  27  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  16,  25,  35,  79.  Also 
pronounced  bHenggu, 

langgowan.     A  rice-store  or  granary  ;  KL 

lenggoh.  Melenggoh  :  to  lean  on  one's  arms; 
to  sit  with  one's  elbows  resting  on  the  table. 


langgai.  1.  A  rough  scaffolding  or  flooring 
(with  wide  interstices  between  the  timbers) 
used  for  drying  fish  or  meat  in  the  sun. 
Langgaiyan :  id. 

II.     Belat  langgai  or  belat  langai :  a  bag-net 
working  on  six  bamboo  posts. 


linggi.     The  covered  or  decked   portions  of 
a  Malay  boat  (at  the  prow  and  at  the  stern). 


^ 


j*i 


cA 


langlang.  L  Handsome,  pretty,  lovely  (in 
Romance  and  Poetry), 

II.  Jav.  Travelling  over,  cruising  about. 
L,  biiwana:  wandering  over  the  earth;  Ht. 
Ind.  Jaya.  L.  samudra :  cruising  over  the 
ocean ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

longlai.  Bent,  bowed.  Lentah  longlai :  gently 
bowing,  slightly  swaying,  willowv;  Ht.  Gh. ; 
Sh.  Ul.,  28. 

ISngan.  The  arm;  the  slee\e  of  a  garment. 
Saperti  lengan  besar-nya  :  as  big  as  the  arm  ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  20. 

Pangkal  I, :  the  upper  arm. 

Tidor  bevbantal  lengan :  to  sleep  using  an  arm 
for  a  pillow  ;  v.  bantaL 


4^  ISngoh.  Stiffness  and  pain  in  the  joints. 
Melengoh :  to  feel  stiff  in  the  joints  as  a  horse 
or  man  after  much  exercise. 

ii  ISngai.  Listlessness,  carelessness;  =  lalai, 
Kerja  lengai'lengai  lambat  huleh  laki:  listless 
work  delays  one  getting  a  husband ;  Prov. 

Jai)  lafatl.  Arab.  Word,  expression;  Ht.  Ind, 
Nata;  Sh.  I.  M.  P.;  Muj„  16. 

K^tj  lap.  A  dishcloth.  Kartds  I, :  blotting  paper. 
Melapkan :  to  suck  up  moisture  with  cloth  or 
blotting  paper ;  to  extinguish  small  embers  by 
pressure. 

^ jj    lup.     I.     A  technical  term  used  in  weaving; — 

the  rod  through  which  the  threads  pass  ? 

II.     (Onom.)     The  sound  made  by  a  heavy 
body  going  '* plump"  into  water. 

ViJ  16pa.  An  edible  part  of  the  sago  palm. 
Lepa-lepa  :  a  kind  of  small  boat;  Kl.,  v.  d.  W. 

O-ol  16pat.  A  class  of  cakes  consisting  of  a 
sweetmeat  wrapped  up  in  a  leaf  and  so  cooked ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Mengikat  I, :  to  put  these  sweetmeats 
in  their  wrappers ;  Ht.  Si.  Misk.,  28. 


LT' 


ISpor.     Mali  lepor :  to  be  suffocated  in  mud. 

ISpas.  Liberation,  release,  escape,  quitting; 
past,  ago,  since.  Lepas  sembahyaiig  maghrib  : 
after  evening  prayer;  Ht,  Abd.,  32.  Tiyada 
di-lepas  ptilang  :  they  did  not  let  him  return 
home. 

Kain  L  :  a  loose  garment  worn  as  a  sort  of 
plaid  or  shawl ;  an  unsewn  *' sarong.'* 

Lepasi :  to  release  from ;  to  permit  the 
avoidance  of;  to  free  from.  Lipaskan  and 
melepaskan:  to  let  (a  person)  go;  to  release; 
Ht.  Abd.,  30. 

Tirlepas :    having   escaped,   having   avoided. 

Terlepas   daripada  mulut   buwaya  masok    ka- 

dalam  mulnt  harimau :   after  having  escaped 


LEPANG 


[    604    ] 


LliKAT 


^ 


from  the  crocodile's  jaws  to  fall  into  the 
mouth  of  a  tiger ;  out  of  the  frying-pan  into 
the  fire;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  97.  Bagai 
tBrlepas  daripada  tangan :  like  escaping  from 
the  very  clutch  (of  the  captor) ;  a  very  narrow 
escape;  Prov.  Ami  nyawa-nya  terlepas :  pro- 
vided only  his  life  is  spared. 

ISpang.  (Onom.?)  A  creeping  plant  yielding 
an  empty  bladder-like  fruit  which  boys  amuse 
themselves  by  bursting,  Bnwah  L  :  the  fruit 
in  question. 

Ombak      bwiga    L :      white -crested     waves  ; 
**  white  horses  ''  at  sea. 


Lfti    ISpong.     (Onom.)     A  thumping  noise ;  a  noise 
-        as  of  a  bladder  bursting  or  drum  beating. 

Idpak.  L  Puteh  melepak  :  snowy  white  ;  ex- 
treme whiteness  such  as  that  of  cotton  wool. 
Also  puteh  menjelepak. 

II.     (Onom.)     A     dull   thud    such  as    that 
created  by  an  open  book  falling  on  the  grdund. 

ISpek,     (Onom.)     A    dull    squelching     sound 

such  as  that  given  out  by  a  wet  roll  of  cloth 
when  stepped  on. 

ISpok     (Onom.)     A    sound    similar    to   lepak, 

II.,  but  duller  in  tone ;  the  sound  made 
by  a  piece  of  wood  striking  a  coco-nut  shell. 
Lepok4epok  :  a  clapper  made  of  a  striker  and 
half  a  coco-nut  shell. 


v3^ 


^ 


^ 


J^    ISpau.     The    verandah   of    a     Malay    house; 
-^^      usually  serambi, 

j^    l§pu.     A   salt-water  fish     (unidentified)    with 
venomous  spiked  fins. 


Al 


]  Idpeh.  Turned  over,  folded,  as  when  a  page  is 
turned  down ;  =  lipatf  but  confined  in  use  to 
cases  where  only  a  very  small  portion  of  the 
edge  is  turned  over.  Lepeh  is  also  used  (Kedah) 
of  the  ravelled  or  turned  down  edge  of  a  mat. 


^  ISpoh.  Melepoh  :  to  be  blistered,  as  the  skin 
is  blistered  by  sun-burn  or  by  hot  iron  or  by 
the  juice  of  some  plants. 

ij  lok.  A  curve  or  wavy  indentation,  especially 
in  a  keris.  Lok-nya  tujoh  :  it  (the  weapon) 
had  seven  curves  in  its  blade ;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw., 
76.  Parang  sari  sa-bilah  tujoh  belas  lok-nya : 
a  knife  (parang  sari)  with  seventeen  windings 
in  its  blade;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  73.  Sundang 
berlok :  a  sundang  (weapon)  with  a  sinuous 
blade. 

Also  elok ;  cf.  telok,  kelok,  gelong,  etc. 


\j^    lik&.     Arab.     Meeting,  encounter;  combat. 


Voj,^%\ 


jUmaJ 


jW-J 


^ 


laksa.     I.     [Skr.  laksa  :  a  hundred  thousand.] 

A  myriad;  ten  thousand.  Sa-laksa  dirham  : 
ten  thousand  dirham ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  10. 
Keduwa-nya  ada  ribu  dan  laksa  :  secondly,  she 
must  have  thousands  and  ten  thousands  (of 
money);  she  must  be  rich ;  Marsd.  Gr.,  210. 
Sa4aksa  tujoh  ribu  lima  ratus  ringgit :  seventeen 
thousand  five  hundred  dollars ;  Ht.  Abd.,  265. 
IL     [Pers.  lakhshah,]     A  kind  of  vermicelli. 

laksana.    I.    Likeness,  similarity  ;  resembling* 

as,  like,=  saperti  or  bagai. 

Laksanakan :  to  imitate,  to  equal,  to  rival,  to 
compare  with.  Tiyada  dapat  di-laksana-kan 
lagi:  peerless;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 

IL  Bijak  laksana  :  prudent,  modest,  chaste, 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  ;  =  bijaksana, 

laksamana.    [Skr.  laksamma,  the  half-brother 

of  Rama.]  The  name  of  the  half-brother  of 
Rama,  the  hero  of  the  Ramayana ;  the  title  of 
a  high  official  in  a  Malay  state  corresponding 
in  some  respects  to  an  admiral, 

Dato'  Bendahara  memerentah  negeri, 
Laksamana  memerentah  taut : 

the  Dato'  Bendahara  rules  the  land  and  the 
Laksamana  rules  the  sea ;  J.  I.  A.,  L,  150. 

L,  mengamok :  the  name  of  a  Malay  dish  of 
fruit  cut  up  and  mixed  with  sugar. 

Baris  L  :  the  line  drawn  by  Laksamana  to 
protect  Sita  from  Rawana ;  the  magic  encircling 
line  drawn  by  magicians;  the  double  triangle. 

laklak.     The  hollow  just  above  the  sternum  ; 

the  hollow  at  the  base  of  the  throat  and  within 
the  collar  bone.     Also  known  as  kubang  nadi, 

loklek.     (Penang.)     A  graceful  walk ;  a  languid 
but  pretty  way  of  moving. 


4j\    loklok.     I.     [Arab.  luHu\1     A  pearl;  v.  /o7o'. 
II,     A  pool,  a  swamp ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

jj^    luklak.    (Kedah.)    Disorderly ;  confused  ;  dirty 
lack  of  neatness. 

^    16ka.     A  long  hookah. 

^^2^  ISkat.  Adhering;  sticking  to;  adhesive, 
clammy.  Daripada  masa  itu  lekat-lah  gelaran 
itu  sampai  sekarang  ini :  from  that  day  to 
the  present  time  the  name  stuck  (to  me) ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  41. 

Lekatkan  :  to  stick  (a  thing)  on  something  else ; 
Muj.,  78-  Melekatkan  :  id.  Melekatkan  keresek 
ka-buloh  :  to  stick  coarse  sand  on  bamboo ;  to 
waste  time  (for  as  the  wet  sand  dries  it  falls  off 
again) ;  Prov. 

Melekat  :  to  adhere  to,  to  stick  to ;  Ht.  Abd., 
62. 


LfeKIT 


[    605    ] 


LAaiKAN 


Pelekat :  a  placard,  a  bill  (possibly  from 
the  English  '*  placard  "  and  not  from  lekat), 
Siirat  p. :   id. 

Terlekat :  stuck  upon,  stuck  to,  adhering  to  ; 
Ht,  Abd.,  106. 


^^^^    16kit.     Adhesive  ;  cf.  lekat. 


ISkar.     A  rattan  frill  for  lifting  pots  off  the  fire 
without  burning  the  fingers. 

L,  betina  :  a  double  frill. 

L,  jantan  :  a  single  frill. 


l§kir.  Panau  lekir  :  a  disease  discolouring  the 
skin. 

ISkas.  Hastily ;  quickly ;  speedily  ;  soon.  Nanti 
lekas  rosak  mata ;  your  eyesight  will  soon  be 
spoilt ;  Ht.  Abd.,  39. 


jj*Sj    Igkis.     A  tree  (unidentified) 


'^ 


ISkang.  I.  Shelling;  removing  the  skin  of  a 
fruit  with  the  fingers.  Rambutan  L  :  a  variety 
of  rambutan  so  called  because  the  stone  is 
easily  separable  from  the  edible  flesh  in  which 
it  is  encased. 

11.     (Onom.)    A  sound  such  as  that  of  ham- 
mering on  metal. 

Igkong.  I.  (Onom.)  A  sound  similar  to 
that  described  by  lekang,  II.,  but  deeper  in 
tone. 

11.     Mata  lekong :  hollow-eyed;  better  cheng- 
kong,  q.  V. 

13kap.  I.  Cleaving,  sticking  (of  flat  things) ; 
flattened  on  ;  cuddling  up  against,  as  a  child 
cuddles  up  against  his  mother. 

II.     See  mup,  II. 

lekup.     I.     A  wild  mango  (unidentified). 
II.     Lekup'lekap :  (Onom.)  the  noise   made 
by  coco-nut  shells  rattling  on  the  ground. 


l§kak.     See  lekok. 


low 


^ 
^ 


ISkok.     I.     Hollow,    concave;    low     swampy 

ground ;  the  lower  levels  of  a  roadway  where 

water  collects. 

Menambun  tanah  yangtinggi, 
Menggali  tanah  yang  lekok  : 

to  heap  earth  on  mounds  and  dig  away  the 
ground  where  it  is  lowest ;  to  spend  labour 
where  it  is  least  needed;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XXIV.,  117. 
Lekak'lekok  ox  lekok-lekok :  swampy  places,  low- 
lying  tracts  or  pieces  of  land  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  238. 

II.     (Penang.)  The  suit  *' hearts  "  in  playing- 
cards. 

ISkam.  To  grasp  in  the  hollow  between  the 
forefinger  and  thumb,  i.e,,  near  the  joint  not 
between  the  tips. 


lakum.     [Arab, 
windpipe. 


hulkum,]     Throat,     gullet, 


lakin.  Arab.  Well,  so,  yet,  but,  however. 
Wa-lakin  :  and  yet ;  and  still. 

ISkon.  [Siamese.]  A  play  or  native  opera 
acted  by  Siamese  women  ;  cf.  lakon  and  lelakon, 

ISku.      Berteleku :  to  lean  on  the   elbow ;  v. 

teleku. 

I^kah.     A  variant  of  rekah,  q.  v. 

Ifikeh.  (Onom.)  Lekoh4ekeh :  the  noise  of 
panting ;  deep  breathing. 

ISkoh.  (Onom.)  Lekoh-lekoh:  a  sound  such 
as  that  of  a  man  continually  coughing.  Lekoh- 
lekeh:  the  sound  of  a  man  panting  and 
puffing. 

lakyu,  [Chin.  ?]  A  chopper  of  Chinese 
make. 

lega.  Broad,  wide ;  space,  freedom  from 
obstacles ;  (by  metaphor)  easiness  of  mind  or 
body;  good  health;  good  spirits.  L,  dada : 
broad-chested  ;  full-chested.  Rawan  ta'4ega: 
love  will  not  leave  (him)  in  peace ;  love  that 
disquiets;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

ISgat.  Keeping  straight  on;  continuing  on 
the  same  course,  of  a  ship. 

ISgor.  The  district  ''  Ligor  "  in  the  Siamese- 
Malay  States. 

ISgas,  To  *' snick"  off  anything;  to  cut  off  a 
projection  by  a  slight  blow. 

16gong.  (Onom.)  A  noise  such  as  that  of  the 
booming  of  a  gong. 

Iggap.  (Onom.)  Legup'lega^ :  a  noise  such 
as  that  of  two  people  fightmg  or  of  planks 
falling  on  each  other. 


i^    ISgup.     See  legap. 


Iggam.  I.  Black.  H itam  legant :  pitch-hlackf 
coal-black.  Sa-orang  habsM  laM4aki  hitam 
legam :  a  male  Ethiopian  of  a  coal-black 
colour;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  89. 

IL     [Hind,  lagdm,]     A  bit   (for  a    horse). 
Usually  pronounced  lagam. 

III.    (Onom.)     A  sound  such  as  the  roar  of 
artillery. 


legum.  (Onom.)  The  deep  boom  of  heavy 
gun-firing.  Legum4egam :  id.  (frequenta- 
tive). 


*SS!l    lagikan.    A  compound  form  of  lagi  akan 


Iggen.     Jav.     Palm-sap  used  as  yeast. 

ISgundi.     A  plant,  vitex  trifolia;  Bint,  Tim,y 
27  February,  1895.     Also  Imggundi,  q.  v. 

Iggu.     Melegu  :  to  weave  the  selvage  or  border 
of  a  mat.   Cf.  lagang. 


76 


LJ&LABA 


t    606    ] 


L&MBAYONG 


ISlaba.     A  spider  ;  better  laba-laba ;  v.  laba, 

ISlangit.  A  canopy,  Cr,  Gr.,  58 ;  =  langit- 
langit. 

ISlangon.  Jav.  A  pleasure  garden,  Ht.  Sh., 
Ht.  Mas  Ed. ;  =  taman.     Also  langon. 

ISlakon.  Jav.  A  staged  play  or  performance ; 
Ht.  Sh.,  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya,  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Also 
lakon,  q,  v, 

161aki.     Male ;  =  laki-lakL 

ISlayang.     A  paper  kite;  a  swallow;  Cr.  Gr., 

58  ;  =  layang-layang, 

Ifilat.  Sireh  lelat :  a  name  given  to  the  sirehy 
and  to  the  bearer  of  the  sireh,  at  a  wedding 
when  the  sireh  is  used  ceremonially  by  the 
bride  and  bridegroom  in  plighting  their  troth. 
Cf.  sireh  gcnggam, 

ISlar.  Continually,  repeatedly,  again  and 
again,  reiteration.  Di-pelelar  timba  ka-perigi 
ta'-sa-kali  sa-kali  pechah  :  a  pitcher  which  is 
always  going  to  the  well  will  some  time  or 
other  get  broken ;  Prov. 

lelas.  To  trim.  Melelas  balong  ayam:  to  trim 
the  comb  of  a  cock. 

ISlap.  Deep,  of  sleep ;  profound,  of  slumber. 
Tidor  ta'4elap :  half  asleep ;  light  or  broken 
slumbers ;  Ht.  Abd.,  15 ;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  28. 
Tidor  lelap :  deep  sleep ;  sound  asleep ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  375,  412. 

Lelap  is  also  used  of  the  expiration  of  the 
time  allowed  for  the  redemption  of  pawned 
property.  Sadah  L  :  ( the  pledge)  has  been 
forfeited  by  lapse  of  time. 

Idlak.  To  get  loose  and  fall  down,  of  clothing  ; 
to  slip  off  or  slip  down. 

ISlomba.  A  dolphin,  a  porpoise  ;  Cr.  Gr.,  58; 
— a  variant  of  lomba-lomba. 


l§lah.  Weariness,  exhaustion  ;  being  tired  out 
by  work.  Leieh  I.  or  penat  L :  extreme 
weariness;  Ht.  Abd.,  191,  319.  Birhentikan  h : 
to  put  a  stop  to  one's  weariness ;  to  rest  one's 
wearied  limbs ;  Cr.  Gr.,  31.  Sa-lelah  biirong 
terbang:  as  far  as  a  bird  can  fly  without 
weariness ;  an  indefinite  measure  of  length 
signifying  ** a  considerable  distance"  ;  Ht.  Sri 
Rama  (Maxw.),  55  ;  cf.  sa-rijang  kuda  berlari. 

Batok  L :  whooping  cough,    in  adults ;  long 
exhausting  fits  of  coughing. 

Berlelah  :  to  be  wearied  ;  to  be  listless  with 
fatigue ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  68. 

Kelelahan :  trouble,  labour,    weariness;   Ht. 
Abd.,  123 ;  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  9. 


^ 


lillahi.  Arab.  To  (or  for)  God  ;  a  dative  of 
Allah.  Al'hamduHillahi  :  praise  be  to  God,  a 
common  exclamation ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  10. 

161ai.  Drawing  a  bough  towards  one  ;  swaying 
inwards  or  downwards,  of  a  bough. 

ISlepek.     A  kind  of  beetle. 

Ifilewa.  Behaviour.  Tingkah  L  :  customs  and 
ways ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  =  tingkah  laku.  Mint- 
biiwat  L  :  to  be  affected  or  capricious ;  Sh, 
Panj.  Sg. 


1    lam.     A  species  of  waterworm  from  which  an 
r      oil  is  extracted.     Minyak  L  :  the  oil  in  question 
which  is  used  as  a  specific  for  wounds. 

\    lum.     Masak  liim  :  overripe ;  ripe  to  rottenness. 

^  .\1    ISmari.     An  almeirah  ;  a  wardrobe  ;  a  variant 
"  of  alinari,  the  commoner  form, 

i.j^    lemba.     A  plant ;  pothomorpha  subpeltata. 

v-yji*  lomba.  A  billowy  motion  ;  a  word  specially 
applied  to  the  mode  of  progression  of  a 
porpoise  or  dolphin,  or  of  a  horse  when 
cantering  or  galloping.  Cf.  ombak  and  gelom- 
hang, 

Lomba-lomba  :  a  porpoise  or  dolphin  ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.;  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  4;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI.,  34. 

L,  L  alor :  the  porpoise,  phoccena  phoccenoides. 

L.  /.  sungai :  the  dolphin  ;  delphinns  delphis. 

Berlomba :  to  gallop ;  to  race.  Berlomba- 
lomba:  id.  Berlomba  kuda:  to  race  horses. 
Berlomba  perahu  :  to  race  boats.  Berlomba' 
lomba  keduwa  buwah  sekochi  itti^ :  the  two  boats 
raced  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  105.  Lima  hari  lima  malam 
iya  di-laut  bermain-main  dan  berlomba4omba  : 
he  was  at  sea  for  five  days  and  five  nights, 
racing  and  amusing  himself;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
400.  Berlombakan  knda  patek  dengan  kuda 
Hamza :  to  race  my  horse  against  that  of 
Ham2:a ;  Ht.  Hamz. 

ISmbaga.  Original  form ;  embryo ;  early 
stages ;  beginnings  of  anything ;  primeval 
customs.  L.  bisul :  the  early  stages  of  a  boil. 
L.  nabi  Muhammad  :  the  earth  out  of  which  the 
Prophet  Muhammad  Was  created ;  Ht.  Md. 
Hanaf.,  2.  Bonda-nya  naik-lah  lembaga  iya  : 
his  mother  conceived  him ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.  'Adat 
L  :  the  traditional  customs  or  customary  law 
of  a  country  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  130;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.; 
Hi.  Raj.  Don.,  24.  The  word  is  also  used  as 
a  title  for  certain  officers,  guardians  of  ancient 
customary  law  in  the  Negri  Sembilan. 

ISmbayong.  A  climber  (unidentified).  It 
has  purple  flowers.  Warna  L  :  purple  car- 
mine; Ht.  Sri  Rama  (Maxw.),  10. 


dJO. 


^u 


LAMBAT 


[    607    ] 


l£:mbeng 


^.Tiiii^rA 


lambat.  Slow;  behind  time.  Lamhat  belajar: 
slow  to  learn.  Lambat  lawan  :  to  fight  for  a 
long  time  ;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed.  Jika  lambat  menulis 
lambat'lah  mendapat  wang  :  if  you  are  slow  to 
write  you  will  be  slow  to  earn  money ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  39.  Biyar  lambat  asal  selamat :  let  it  be 
slow  provided  it  be  safe  ;  slow  and  sure ;  Prov. 
Berlambatan  :  slow ;  in  arrear ;  behind  its 
time;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  84;  Ht.  Abd,,  60. 
Kelambatan  :  sluggishness,  slowness ;  Muj.,  70- 

^^^  lambut.  Melambut :  to  rise  high  into  the  air 
(of  smoke). 

•    I     lembat.     I.     The    swaying   of    a    bough    or 
hanging  piece  of  cloth. 

n.  A  salt-water  fish  (unidentified);  Kl., 
V.  d.  W. 

CuJL  lembut.  Softness,  delicacy;  weak,  flexible, 
eflFeminate.  Ktdit  tangan-nya  itu  saperti  tangan 
kanak-kanak  lembnt-nya  :  the  skin  of  his  hands 
was  soft  as  the  skin  of  a  child ;  Ht.  Abd.,  119. 
Tiyada  btileh  iya  mengangkat  diiwa  ptUoh  kati, 
bagitii'lah  lembut  orang-nya  :  he  could  not  lift 
twenty  catties,  so  weak  was  he;  Ht.  Abd.,  114. 

L.  hati  :  loss  of  resentment ;  softer  or  kinder 
feelings.  Hati-ku  pirn  lembut-lah  :  my  resolve 
was  weakened ;  my  feelings  were  softened. 

Lemah  L  :  extremely  mild,  soft  or  delicate. 
Anginyang  lemah-lembtit :  a  very  gentle  breeze  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  222.  Kelakuwan  lemah-lembut :  gentle- 
ness of  manner.  Lemah-lembut  mahc-maluwan  : 
full  of  gentleness  and  modesty;  Cr.  Gr.,  30, 

Lembiiti :  to  soften ;  to  pacify ;  to  render 
gentle ;  to  meet  with  fair  words ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Mard. 

Melembtitkan  :  to  soften,  to  pacify,  to  render 
kindly.  M.  hati  perempuwan :  to  allay  the 
anger  or  win  the  love  of  a  woman  ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

IjX    lambgdak.     A   fish    (unidentified)  ;  Ht.   Raj. 
Pas.,  69. 

lambor.  A  large  jelly-fish ;  (in  romances)  a 
monstrous  medusa  mentioned  in  conjunction 
with  dragons ;  Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  See 
also  lambok, 

16mbar.  I.  A  thread,  a  strand.  Tali  sa- 
lembar :  a  strand  of  a  piece  of  a  string  ;  Sh. 
Pant.  Shi.,  9.  Tali  yang  tiga  lembar  itu  ta'- 
stiwang-suwang  puttis  :  a  rope  of  three  strands 
cannot  be  easily  broken  ;  union  is  strength  ; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XI.,  45. 

n.  Jav.  A  sheet ;  a  piece  (of  cloth,  paper, 
etc.)  ;  =  helai.  Smpat  lembar  kartds :  four 
sheets  of  paper  ;  Muj.,  25.  Kain  sa4embar  : 
a  single  piece  of  clothing  ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

limbor.  Sambor  limbor :  appearing  and  dis- 
appearing ;  flashing ;  intermittent  visibility. 
Also  sambor4imor  and  sabor4imor, 

lambing.  Pricked  up,  of  the  ears  ;  coming  to 
a  point.  L.  susu  :  the  udder  or  breast  swelling 
with  milk. 


^ 


A 


A 


A 


C: 


^ 


b^ 


c^ 


lambong.  I.  The  side  or  flank.  Lambongan : 
id.  Aku  tahii  asal  engkau,  keluwar  daripada 
lambong  kiri  Adam:  I  know  your  origin,  you 
issued  from  the  left  side  of  Adam.  Luka  di- 
lambongan :  a  wound  in  the  side ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.  Menikam  lambongan :  to  pierce  the 
side ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Di-chakar  uleh  Betara 
Kesna  khia  lambongan,  lalu  gugor  ka-bumi : 
when  the  Great  God  Krishna  threw  the  discus 
at  him  he  was  struck  in  the  side  and  fell  to 
the  ground  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb, 

Roda  lambong  :  a  paddle-wheel. 

n.  SweUing  up,  as  a  wave;  bounding  up, 
as  an  india-rubber  ball  when  thrown  forcibly 
against  the  ground  ;  darting  up,  as  a  bird 
making  for  the  upper  air. 

Lambongkan  :  to  cause  to  surge  up,  to  create 
a  swell  in  the  ocean.  Di-lanibongkan  ombak  : 
to  rise  on  the  crest  of  a  swell,  of  a  man 
swimming  in  the  sea ;  Ht.  Gh. ;  Sh.  A.  R.  S. 
J.,  6. 

Melambong  :  to  bound  up  ;  to  surge  or  swell 
up;  to  shoot  up.  Tiiwah  mUambong  tinggi, 
chelaka  menimpa  badan  :  good  luck  has  soared 
aloft  and  misfortune  crushes  down  the  body ; 
a  proverbial  description  of  unmixed  ill-luck ; 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI.,  29. 

Lambong  is  also  used  in  a  technical  sense  of 
the  start  given  to  a  kite  by  the  person,  who 
launches  it  upwards.  ^  By  metaphor, 
lambong  is  used  to  describe  excessive  flattery. 
Bukan  sehaya  lambong :  I  am  not  flattering 
you;  it  is 'no  mere  flattery.  Jangan  tuwan 
lambong  terlampati :  do  not  overdo  your  praises. 

ISmbang.  Soft-spokenness,  '* blarney";  com- 
pliment ;  speaking  in  low  gentle  tones.  MeUm- 
bang  perlahan4ahan  rasa-nya  saperti  memujok 
yang  di-berahikan :  speaking  in  soft  low  tones 
as  though  to  charm  one's  beloved. 

lembangorlimbang.  L  Low-lying  swampy 
or  broken  land ;  mud  ;  a  puddle,  Btmi  jangan 
lembang,  pemalu  jangan  patah,  ular  biyar  mati : 
let  not  the  earth  be  disturbed  nor  the  stick 
broken,  yet  let  the  snake  be  killed  ;  if  you  have 
anything  to  do,  do  it  as  cheaply  as  is  consistent 
with  eff'ective  workmanship  ;  Prov. 

n.  Milembang :  to  take  a  circuitous  route 
on  a  journey;  to  **  beat  about  the  bush,"  in 
speech. 

HI.    The  process  of  washing  rice. 

IV.  Past,  of  time.  Limbang  tengah  hari : 
after  midday. 

Igmbeng  or  ISmbing.     A  light  spear  or  lance. 

Segala  yang  berUmbing  bertikamkan  lembing : 
all  who  had  lances  thrust  with  their  lances  ; 
Sej.  MaL,  17. 


E.g.,  in  the  proverbial  pantun  :— 

Putus  tali  melambong  wau, 

Wau  di-lamhong  saberang  paya; 

Ptttus  hati  pandang  ka-pnlau, 
Pulau  tidak  mHanggong  sehaya. 


liSmbono 


[   608   ] 


LIMBAH 


cf 


cf 


ai 


U?* 


uJ* 


L.  buwang-buwangan  :  darts ;  light  javelins ; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

L.  tikam  pari  :  a  lance  with  a  triple  barb. 

Perlembingkan  :  to  pierce  with  a  lance ;  to 
spear ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

13mbong.  Expansion;  swelling;  blown  out, 
swollen  with  wind, 

Melembong :  to  be  puffed  out  or  blown  out. 
Menggelembongkan :  to  blow  (anything)  out. 
Saperti  ikan  buntal  menggelembongkan  diri  :  as 
the  bnntal  fish  puffs  itself  out ;  a  proverbial 
simile  for  a  man  who  talks  bombastically. 

limbong.  I.  Limbongan:  a  dry  dock;  a 
cutting  in  which  native  vessels  are  laid  up  for 
repairs ;  Sh,  Sing.  Terb.,  46. 

11.  Kmta  limbong :  leprosy  causing  the 
extremities  to  fall  off. 

lombong  or  Imnbong.  Concavity;  a  large 
basin  or  hollow  in  the  ground  such  as  that 
left  after  the  explosion  of  a  mine ;  a  surface 
mine.  Hanya-lah  tinggal  lombong-nya  satu  : 
only  a  great  concavity  was  left  (after 
the  eruption) ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  41.  Perahu  L  :  a 
vessel  of  broad  beam  and  great  draught. 
L,  timah  :  a  surface  digging  for  tin. 

ISmbap.  Moist ;  clammy ;  wet,  but  not  very 
wet.  Sebab  tiyada  tahu  menari  di-katakan 
lembap  :  to  say  it  is  too  wet  for  dancing 
because  one  does  not  know  how  to  dance ;  a 
bad  workman  finds  fault  with  his  tools  ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  54.  By  metaphor,  the  word 
is  used  of  idleness  in  a  worker. 

lambak.     A  confused  heap ;  a  pile.  Wang  ber- 

lambak'lambak  :  money  in  piles,  e.g,,  on  a  table 
when  a  gambler  is  winning  heavily.  Beras 
pun  melambak  penoh  di-lorong :  the  rice  lay 
about  in  heaps  on  the  road ;  Sh.  K.  G,  T.,  12. 

lambok.     L     Melambak :    to    throw    up,     in 

digging, — used  of  a  man  digging  a  well  and 
throwing  the  earth  outside  the  well. 

IL  A  large  jelly-fish  or  medusa.i  L.  kepala 
keras  and  /.  nangka :  recognised  varieties  of 
the  large  jelly-fish  seen  floating  about  in 
harbours.    Cf.  lambor. 


^ 


IIL  Bubor  lambok : 
prawns,  fish,  ginger, 
Also  lambok'lambok. 


a  kind  of  soup  made  of 
and  other  ingredients. 


i„J» 


lembak.     MUembak  :  to  boil  over,  as  a  pot  on 
the  fire. 

I  E.g.,  in  the  pantun  : — 

Anah  berok  mimakan  siput 

Di-sambar  nleh  hnwaya  katak; 
Laksana  lambok  di-thigah  laut, 
TmggHam   tinibul  di-lambong  ombak. 


^^ 


J 


ol^ 


a 


a 


16lXlbek.     Soft   and    moist;   pulpy;    viscous; 

Kam.  Kech.,  8,  Yang  ada  mhnbawa  tipong 
Umbek-lhnbek  di-tekankan-nya  di-batu  itu  :  some 
brought  very  moist  dough  and  pressed  it  upon 
the  stone ;  Ht.  Abd.,  237.  Cf.  also  Pel.  Abd., 
69 ;  Sh.  Abd,  Mk.,  24. 

lembek.     A  thin  mat  or  rug  of  Arab  make. 

limbok.  A  species  of  wild  dove ;  a  name  some- 
times given  to  the  ^^  ild  dove  in  the  language 
of  sorcery. 

ISmbam.     Slow,  sluggish  ;  dilatory  in  work. 

ISmbu.  An  ox.  Anak  L  :  a  calf.  L.  jantan  : 
a  bull ;  Ht.  Abd.,  105.  Minyak  sapi  lembu : 
cow's  milk  (in  contradistinction  to  buffalo- 
milk)  ;  Muj.,  60.  L.  kasi :  a  bullock.  L.  dogol  : 
a  hornless  bull  or  bullock.  Laksana  lembu 
kasi  or  laksana  lembu  dogol :  like  a  bullock,  or 
like  a  hornless  bull  ;  a  proverbial  simile  for  a 
man  who  threatens  but  does  no  more. 

Lembu  also  occurs  as  an  Old- Javanese  title  ; 
Ht.  Perb.  Jaya.  Cf.  kerbau,  misa,  gajah,  kuda, 
etc. 

Siput  mata  lembu  :  a  shell  (unidentified) ;  Ht, 
Sh. 


Igmbuwara. 

lambor. 


A  kind  offish;    v.  d.  W.    Cf. 


ISmbuwana.  The  name  of  the  weapon  used 
by  the  Spectre  Huntsman  (hantu  pemburu). 

Ifimboyan,  Orang  lemboyan  :  (Kedah)  invisible 
elves  of  the  sea-shore  and  forest;  =  (Riau, 
Johor)  orang  buniyan, 

ISmball.  Low-lying  land,  meadow,  swamp, 
valley.  Jikalau  berjalan  di-padang  menjadi 
lembahjikalau  berjalan  di-leinbah  menjadi  sungai: 
if  they  marched  over  a  dry  plain  it  became  a 
swamp,  if  they  marched  over  a  swamp  it 
became  a  flowing  river ; — a  description  of  the 
heavy  march  of  a  huge  army  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 
L.  gunong :  the  foot  of  a  mountain ;  the 
swampy  valley  at  the  base  of  a  mountain  ;  Ht. 
Koris,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.,  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Tanah 
lembah  kandongan  ayer :  low-lying  land  is  a 
gathering  place  for  water ;  folly  invites  plunder 
or  defencelessness  invites  attack;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  loi. 

limbah.  (Riau,  Johor.)  A  cess-pool,  a  sink ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  24,  237,  344.  Limbahan  :  id. ;  Pel. 
Abd.,  36.  Pelimbah:  id. ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb., 
20 ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  125.  Pelimbahan :  id. 
Manikam  itu  kalau  jatoh  ka-dalam  limbahan 
sa-kali'pun,  tiyada  akan  hilang  chehaya-nya : 
were  a  gem  to  fall  even  into  a  cess-pool  it 
would  not  lose  its  lustre ;  virtue  is  virtue  even 
in  mean  surroundings ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  362; 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  33. 


LUMBAH 


[    609    ] 


LAMPAB 


-d 


^ 


^ 


lumbah.     A   generic   name  for  a  number  of 
plants,  especially  the  curculigo. 
L.bukit:  peliosanthes  spp. 
L,  merah  :  curculigo  recurvata, 
L,paya:  homalomena  rostraUmt. 
L.  rimba  :  curculigo  sum atrana. 

lambai.  The  act  of  waving  or  beckoning  with 
anything  as  people  wave  their  farewells  to  a 
departing  ship,  Di-lambai-nya  dengan  chemara 
merah  maka  di-balas-nya  uleh  perahu  itu  dengan 
chemara  kuning  :  they  waved  a  red  yak-tail  and 
were  answered  from  the  ship  with  a  yellow 
one ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 

Melambai :  to  wave,  to  beckon.  Di-lambai- 
nya  dengan  tangan-nya :  he  waved  his  hand;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah.  (Drang yang  membawa  jalan  melam- 
bai4ambai  sehaya  dengan  G.  ;  the  people  who 
took  us  on  board  waved  their  farewells  to  me 
and  G. ;  Pel.  Abd.,  57.  When  used  of  a 
dancer  the  word  refers  to  a  movement  of  the 
arm  suggesting  encouragement  or  invitation. 

limbai.  Melimbai  :  to  swing  the  arm ;  to  wave 
about  a  whip ;  to  flicker,  of  a  flame ;  to  sway 
the  arm,  of  a  dancer  when  the  swaying  is 
intended  to  suggest  a  negative.  Membuwang 
limbai :  id.  (in  the  last  sense  only). 


viSwl    16mbega.     A  plant,  better  known  as  rembega, 
q.  v. 


U^ 


ISmas.  L  Loss  of  consciousness  consequent 
on  immersion  in  water  or  suffocation  in  smoke 
or  mud ;  drowning ;  (by  metaphor)  diz^y  un- 
consciousness of  one's  surroundings.  Habis- 
lah  mati  lemas  kena  asap  api  itu  :  they  were  all 
suffocated  in  the  smoke  of  that  fire ;  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  258.  Habis  binasamati  lemas  di-dalam 
laut :  all  were  destroyed  being  drowned  in  the 
sea ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Kelemasan  di-dalam  laut 
'dshik  berahi :  drowned  in  the  ocean  of  love ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  77.  Lemas  pikir  :  confused 
thought. 

Anak  angsa  mati  lemas, 
Mati  lemas  di-ayer   masin; 

Hilang  behasa  karena  emas, 
Hilang  budi  karena  misktn  : 

the  gosling  died  drowned,  it  died  drowned  in 
briny  water;  wealth  ruins  courtliness  and 
poverty  ruins  discretion ;  Prov. 

II.  Weak,  feeble ;  =  lemah.  Putus-putus 
lemas  suwara-nya :  his  voice  was  broken  and 
weak ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  43. 


l\    ISmang.     I.     Cooking  in   a  hollow    bamboo 
CL       lined  with  plantain  leaves.     Di-lemang  dalam 
buloh  muda :  cooked  in  a  piece  of  young  bam- 
boo; Muj.,  64.      Melemang  :  to   cook  in  this 
way. 

Belah  lemang;  a  feast  held  when  the  padi 
crop  is  approaching  maturity  to  propitiate 
the  padi  spirit  (sBmangat) ;  v.  Perak  Govt. 
Gazette,  25  June,  1894. 


II.  Melemang:  to  bend  over  backwards 
(and  pick  up  with  the- teeth  a  coin  from  the 
ground  behind) — a  feat  performed  by  Malay 
dancing  girls. 

i\  limpa.  The  liver.  Ambil  ujong  limpa  kam- 
bing  di'kerat  uleh  orang  yang  sakit  dimam  itu  : 
take  the  tip  of  a  goat's  liver  after  it  has  been 
cut  off  by  the  fever-patient;  Muj.,  61.  L. 
jantongan :  the  liver  and  heart ;  the  seat  of 
the  feelings;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  14. 

tAA    ISmpaung.     A  tree  (unidentified) ;  Kl. 


C-^  lampit.  Jav.  A  sleeping-mat  of  fine  texture; 
cf.  selampit,  Terima  kaseh  di-bawah  lampit : 
a  meaningless  expression  used  as  an  equivalent 
for  sudah  di-kaseh  jarigan  di-bangkit :  when  you 
have  definitely  made  a  present  don't  keep 
harping  on  it ;   Prov. 

,  j\     lampat  or    limpat.     Fresh,    strong,    jovial, 
"-^""^^      handsome.     L.  johari :  id.;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

C-JX  lompat.  Leaping,  springing,  jumping;  (by 
metaphor)  to  behave  without  self-restraint,  to 
give  rein  to  one's  wishes. 

Lompati:  to  spring  upon.  Banyak  mati 
di-lompati  uleh  todak  itu :  many  perished  through 
the  saw-fish  leaping  on  them  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  82. 

Berlompatan  :  in  leaps  ;  jumping,  springing 
forward  ; — as  fish  leaping  out  of  the  water 
(Sej.  Mai.,  82),  or  as  tigers  leaping  forward, 
when  released  from  the  toils  (Sh.  Abd.  Mk., 

51). 

Melompat :  to  jump  ;  to  leap.  Kuching  m.  :  a 
''  cat's  leap;  "  an  idiomatic  expression  signify- 
ing awaking  with  a  start ;  Ht.  Abd.,  262. 

Terlompat-lompat :  jumping  about  with  joy, 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  36  ;  ricochetting  as  a  bullet. 

\  vj\     16inp6daL     A  variant  ofmempedal,  q.  v. 

.i\     IgmpSdu  or  (Kedah)  lampSdu.     The  spleen. 
^MX      Bagai  lempedu  lekai    di-hati  :  as  the    spleen 
adheres  to  the  liver  ;  a  simile  for  close  affection  ; 
Prov.  I 

Also  hempHu, 


A 


lampar.  Spreading  over  a  surface;  spread 
flat  over  ;  sprawling.  Btrnga-nya  berkemban- 
gan  berlampar  di'tanah :  its  flowers  in  full  bloom 
lay  covering  the  ground;  Ht.  Sh.  Tentara 
berlampar  mendaun  kayu  :  the  troops  lay  thickly 
on  the  ground  like  the  fallen  leaves  of  a  tree  ; 
Ht.  Koris.  Tidor  berlampar  or  iidor  berlam- 
paran  :  to  sleep  sprawling  about  the  bed  or 
ground  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.     Cf.  hampar. 

I  E.g,,  in  the  pantun  :— 

Acheh  bersunting  bnnga  shia, 

Pergi  ha-fumah  Enche'  SUi; 
Kaseh  tuwan  sudah  sSmph-na 

Bagai  Ihnpedu  lekat  di-kati. 


LEMPAR 


[    6io    ] 


LAMPllNAI 


Ju  lempar.  Throwing,  casting.  Lempar  batu 
sembunyikan  tangan  :  to  throw  a  stone  and  hide 
the  hand  that  threw  it;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL, 

76. 

Lempari  and  melempar  :  to  pelt.  Melempar  : 
merak  itu  dengan  biji  khurmd :  pelting  the 
peacock  with  date  seeds ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  53. 

MUemparkan  :  to  throw  (anything).  Lalu  iya 
mUemparkan  rantai-rantai  itu  kapada  Indera 
Nata  :  then  he  threw  the  chains  at  Indra  Nata. 
Ht,  Ind.  Nata. 


X\  lumpor.  Mud,  slime.  Sa-ekor  kerbau  niBm- 
^^^  bawa  lumpor  semiiwa  kerbau  terpalit:  if  one 
buffalo  is  covered  with  mud  all  the  rest  of  the 
herd  will  be  smeared  with  it ;  one  scoundrel 
will  corrupt  a  whole  gathering;  Prov.,  Ht. 
Abd.,  24.  Lmtt  L  :  a  sea  of  mud ;  Ht.  Abd., 
337- 

L.  ketam  :  hard  mud  perforated  with  crab- 
holes,  such  as  is  often  met  with  near  high- 
water-mark. 

jiu    lampas.     I.     M^/^w^/jas  :  to  render  smooth,  to 
polish. 

n.  Sensitiveness  ;  nervous  sensibility;  fret- 
fulness. 

fj*^    lampaixg.     A  temporary  shed  erected  for  the 
accommodation  of  guests  at  a  great  festival. 


cf 


^ 


^ 


^ 


lampong.  I.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Pelampong :  a 
buoy,  a  float,  driftwood,  flotsam ;  also  (Kedah) 
telampong,     Cf,  apong, 

IL  The  name  of  a  district  or  division  in 
South  Eastern  Sumatra.  ShaHr  Lampong 
karant :  the  Poem  of  the  submersion  of  the 
Lampong  districts — a  name  given  to  a  poem 
on  the  Krakatoa  eruption  which  created  a 
tidal  wave  that  did  great  damage  in  the 
Lampong  districts. 

Igmpaxig.  Lying  athw^art  or  across  anything ; 
obstructing.  Apit  iBmpang :  (i)  the  planks 
immediately  above  the  keel  or  lunas  in  a  Malay 
boat ;  (2)  supporters  or  adjutants  of  a  Malay 
prince  who  stand  by  his  side  to  take  orders. 
Also  apit  lempang'^     Cf.  depang. 

lempang.  L  Apit  lempang  or  (Selangor) 
lapek  lempang :  common  variants  of  apit  lem- 
pang;  V.  lempang, 

n.  Melempang :  to  lie  down  ;  to  lie  stretched 
in  repose;  Sh.  Rej.,  i. 

limpeng  or  Igmping.  (Riau,  Johor.)  A 
name  given  to  light  flat  cakes ;  (Kedah)  peng- 
anan  chuchor.  Pinganan  lempeng :  id.;  Ht. 
Best. 

I  Possibly  from  the  planks  lying  one  on  each  side  of  the 
lunas ;  v.  lempang,  IL 


yL 


lampong.  Light,  of  wood,  pumice-stone,  etc. ; 
(by  metaphor)  of  little  value.  Kayu  yang  L : 
light  wood  ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

Smpama  kayu   lempong, 

Belum   di'tolak   sendiri  chondong : 

like  light  wood  which  falls  down  even  before 
one  pushes  it ;  unreliable ;  Prov. 

Che'   ^Ali   menembak   lotong, 

Dapat  sa-ekor  anak  berok  ; 
Sehaya  laksana   kayu   lempong^ 

Tiyada  terpakai  di-makan  bubok  : 

I  am  like  light  wood  which  becomes  worm 
eaten  if  left  disused ;  I  am  not  to  be  neglected 
with  impunity ;  Prov. 


jj^    lempong.       Katak  lempong  :  a  frog,  oxyglossus 
ar      lima  or  oxyglossus  Icevis. 

iiX    lompang,     L     A  wooden  pestle  for  pounding 
^        rice. 

n.     A    vacant    space,    a    gap;    the    space 
between  two  houses. 


3^ 
J- 


lempek.     Berlempek-lempek :  in  coats  or  layers ; 

coated.     Hal  marika-itu  berlempek-lempek  daki- 

nya :  they  were   coated  with  dirt ;  Ht.  Abd., 
389.     Also  lepeL 

13mpok.      L      Fruits      (especially     durians) 
cooked  in  sugar. 
n.     A  plaster  or  poultice  used  medicinally. 

lampam.     Ikan   lampam :  a  fresh-water    fish 
(unidentified). 


lampan.     Alluvial  tin  mining ;  washing  for  tin. 
Melampan  :  to  wash  for  tin. 


lampin.     A  wrapper  or  swaddling  cloth  for  a 
newly-born  child.  ^ 

Birlampin :    swaddled ;   swathed  ;   Ht,   Md. 
Hanaf.,  16. 

Sakit  melampin  :  to  be  an  incurable  invalid  ; 
incurable  disease. 


lampSnan.     A  fruit  (unidentified). 
lampSnai.     A  tree  (unidentified). 


I  E.g.,  in  the  pantuns  : — 

PSfbuwatkan  lampin  kain  yang  k^chil 

Pakaiyan  kamk-kanak  bSharu  mhijadi; 
Omng  miskin  jangan  di-chichih, 

K^besaran  ta'-buleh  membawa  mati. 

Btidak  bMampin  kHa  bSdong 
Besar  sadikit  m^makai  barut, 

Empama  laksana  bewak  kudong, 
Sa-h^ts-nya  siyal  tiyada  patut. 


LAMPAU 


[    6ii     ] 


LAN 


A 


lampau.  Excess ;  surpassing ;  exceeding. 
*  Urnur-nyapun  lampau  tiiha-nya  daripada  abang : 
in  age,  too,  he  is  older  than  my  elder  brother ; 
Ht.  Koris.  Lampau  serai  masok  gulai  tentu 
mating:  if  there  is  too  much  lemon-grass  in 
the  curry  it  is  sure  to  be  nasty ;  if  one  element 
preponderates,  the  combination  will  prove 
inharmonious ;  in  every  alliance  there  must 
be  a  balance  of  power;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II., 
155. 
Melampau  :  to  go  too  far. 

Melampauwi  :  to  overdo,  to  carry  to  excess. 
Jangan  melampauwi  bersukasuka  :  do  not  push 
pleasure  too  far;  Sh.  Nas.,  15. 

Terlampau  :  exceeding,  excessive  ;  too,  over ; 
more  than.  Terlampau  daripada  'ddat :  more 
than  usual ;  unusual ;  Ht.  Abd.,    24,  328. 

lampo  or  lampu.  Eur.  A  lamp.  Auliya 
membawa  lampu  suwatu  :  the  holy  man  carried 
a  lamp ;  Sh.  UL,  33. 

Daun  lampU'lampu  :  a  medicinal  herb  (uniden- 
tified). 

ISmpunai.     A  large  shrub  (unidentified). 

lSmp6yang.  A  ginger,  zingiber  cassumunaar, 
L.  padi,  L  pahit  and  /.  wangi  :  varieties  of  this 
plant  recognised  by  natives. 

ISmpoyan.  I.  (Selangor.)  A  fishing-reel 
used  without  a  rod. 

II.  A  plant,  stereospermum  fimbriatum.  Also 
(Kedah)  lengkoyan. 

L,  pay  a :  myristica  irya. 


AM    16nipeh.     A  salt-water  fish  (unidentified). 

4^  limpah.  Flowing,  overflowing;  to  flow. 
Tuhan  yang  amat  limpah  kurniya  :  God,  whose 
kindness  is  overflowing;  Ht.  Abd.,  217. 

Harapkan  anipun  yang  kelimpahan, 
Harapkan  tuwan-kti   belas  dan   kasihan: 

trusting  in  the  stream  of  charity,  trusting  in 
the  mercy  and  the  pity  of  my  lord ;  Cr.  Gr.,  43. 

Melimpahkan  :  to   spill,  to  shed,  to  cause  to 
overflow ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  88. 

^Ju  lumpoh.  Lame;  lameness,  especially  the 
lameness  caused  by  peripheral  neuritis  or 
oedema  of  the  legs.  Kaki  yang  kuwat  pun 
tnenjadi  lumpoh :  the  sturdy  leg  has  become 
lame;  Sh,  Sing,  Terb.,  10.     Sakit  L  :beri-beri. 

ii    lampai.     Slender ;  lissome ;   svelte.     Panjang 

^        lampai  sederhana  :  tall  and  moderately  slender ; 

Ht.  Ind.  Meng.     Ada  yang  ghnok  ada  yang 

lampai:  some  were  stout  and  some  were  slim  ; 

Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  26. 

Melampai :  to  hang   down   slackly,   as   the 
branches  of  a  tree,     Cf.  ampai  and  apai, 

^  16mpai,  MHhnpai:  to  bend  over  at  the  edges 
as  a  leaf  when  struck  by  a  squall  or  as  a  leaf 
when  it  commences  to  shrivel  up. 


3- 


ISmak.     Fat,  grease,  blubber,   adipose  tissue. 

Barang-siapa  lomorkan  sakaliyan  tuboh-nya 
dengan  lemak  hariman :  whoever  smears  his 
whole  body  with  tiger-fat;  Hay.  Haiw.  Isi 
lemak  dapat  ka-orang,  fulang  bulu  ptdang  ha- 
kita  :  the  flesh  and  fat  go  to  others,  the  bones 
and  feathers  come  to  us ;  we  get  the  kicks  and 
others  the  half-pence ;  Prov. 

ISmau.     Weak,  sleepy,  apathetic. 

Idmuwas.  Bhiemuwas  :  Smeared  with  dirt ; 
foul,  filthy,  as  a  running  nose  when  not  pro- 
perly wiped,  or  as  a  child's  face  after  eating 
greasy  food  in  a  slovenly  way. 

Ifimukut.  The  broken  grains  of  husked  rice. 
Also  melukut  and  demtikut,  Saperti  lemukut 
di'tepi  gantang :  like  the  rice-dust  on  the 
sides  of  the  measure  ;  something  the  presence 
or  absence  of  which  makes  little  difference 
one  way  or  the  other;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II., 
143- 

Ifemukok.     A  variant  of  lemukut. 


16mah.  Weakness ;  slackness ;  want  of  rigidity 
or  firmness.  Pisauyang  Umah  :  a  knife  of  soft 
metal.  Lemah-lah  sudah  s^gala  gajah  itu  uleh 
sebab  tiyada  makan  dan  minimi :  all  the  ele- 
phants were  weak  for  want  of  food  and  drink  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  75. 
L.  lembut :  softness;  mildness;  gentleness, 
whether  of  conduct  (Ht.  Abd.,  114;  Cr.  Gr., 
30)  or  as  a  gentle  breeze  (Ht.  Abd.,  222). 

L.longlai:  weakness;  slackness;  the  slow 
movements  of  a  man  exhausted  by  fatigue ; 
Sh.  UL,  28. 

Lcmahkan  :  to  soften,  to  weaken,  to  enfeeble, 
to  enervate.  Di4emahkan  Allah  akandiya 
serta  di'ta^lokkan-nya  akandiya  ka-bawah  peren- 
tah  bangsa  lain  :  God  has  weakened  them  and 
brought  them  under  the  sway  of  other  races ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  412. 

Kelemahan  :  weakness,  feebleness ;  Ht.  Abd., 
5,  259. 

Pelemah  :  a  weakener ;  that  which  enervates 
or  enfeebles.  Bab  ini  ^aztmat  pelemah  hati 
orang  supaya  tiyada  melawan  kita  :  this  chapter 
is  a  charm  for  weakening  resolution  in  others 
so  that  they  may  not  oppose  us;  Muj.,  78. 

l§midang.  The  flat  rim,  brim  or  edge  round 
a  plate  or  dish. 

lamina.  Scale  armour.  Berbaju  L  :  wearing 
a  coat  of  scale  armour ;  Ht.  Koris,  Ht,  Ind. 
Meng. 

Ian.  I.  [Chin.  Ian  :  the  penis.]  A  term  of 
abuse. 

H.  (Penang.)  Repulsion;  nausea,  Sudah 
L :  his  stomach  turns  at  it, — used  of  a  man 
who  cannot  bring  himself  to  eat  food  which 
men  of  other  races  eat,  but  which  his  bringing 
up  makes  him  revolt  against. 


LONTA 


[    612    ] 


l£ntang 


cJ 


^ 


^ 
^ 


^ 


^ 


^ 


lonta.  TMonta-lonta :  struggling ;  trying  to 
wrest  oneself  free  from  the  clutches  of  another ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg.     Cf.  ronta. 

lantar.     Lying  flat ;  v.  hantar, 

Pelantar :  a  flooring  without  a  roof  to  it ;  a 
scaffolding ;  a  stage  in  the  open  air ;  a  dais ; 
Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  36.  Pelantaran :  id. ;  Ht. 
Hg.  Tuw.,  74. 

Telantar:  lying  stretched  out  on  the  floor;  = 
terhantar,  Sakit  t, :  a  disease  which  confines 
one  to  one's  bed. 

lentir.  PeUntir :  profligate  ;  of  loose  life.  Also 
perlenteh,  q.  v, 

ISntor.  Bending,  as  a  bough ;  twisting ;  flexi- 
bility. Jikalau  di-lentor  sadikit  neschaya  pechah- 
lah  iya :  if  you  attempt  to  bend  it  a  little,  it 
will  certainly  break;  Ht.  Abd.,  26. 

Lentori :  to  bend  or  twist  (anything) ;  to  give 
a  twist  to  anything.  Apa-hila  iya  lagi  muda, 
bagaimana  kehhidak  kita  buleh  di4entori  akan- 
diya :  while  it  is  still  young,  we  can  bend  it  in 
any  direction  we  please ;  Ht.  Abd.,  26. 

Melentor :  to  bend  (intransitive).  Sa-puloh 
orang  bergantong  iiyada-kan  melentor:  if  ten 
people  were  to  hang  from  it  it  would  not 
bend;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Tiyada  iya  tahu 
melentor  saperti  tiyang  kayu :  it  will  not  bend 
Hke  a  wooden  pillar;  Ht.  Abd.,  24.  Melentor 
wilts :  curving  slightly  inwards ;  curling ; — used 
in  romances  to  describe  beautiful  hair,  cf.. 
meleniek  wilts  s.  v.  lentek, 

lintar.  A  thunderbolt ;  better  halintar  and 
halilintar.  Batu  L:  '* thunderbolt-stones;" 
the  name  given  by  Malays  to  flint  spear-heads 
and  other  relics  of  the  stone  age,  the  origin  of 
which  is  (to  a  Malay)  clothed  in  mystery. 

lontar.  I.  [Jav.  ron-tal;  ron  =  (Malay) 
daunJ]  The  palm  borassus  flabelliformis, 
Daun  L  :  the  leaf  of  this  palm  formerly  used 
for  writing  upon.  Ttdisan-nya  dalam  datm 
lontar  itti  semuwa-nya  :  writings,  all  upon  lontar 
leaves ;  Ht.  Abd.,  283.  Di-ambiUnya  sa-keping 
lontar  lalu  di-surat-nya :  he  took  a  piece  of 
lontar  leaf  and  then  wrote  upon  it ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. 

Subang  L  :  ear-rings  of  a  pattern  called  after 
the  young  rolled-up  leaf  of  the  Palmyra  palm ; 
Ht.  Sh.,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

n.  Hurling;  throwing  vigorously  at  any- 
thing; pelting.  .  Also  lotar.  Lain  tersennynm 
serta  berdiri  mincharek-charek  sural  itu  lalu  di- 
lontarkan  kapada  miika  utusan  itu :  then  he 
smiled,  and,  standing  up,  he  tore  the  letter  to 
pieces  and  threw  the  pieces  in  the  envoy's 
face ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

Lontarkan :  to  throw  (anything) ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  20.  Pelontar  or  pelontaran :  a  missile ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  TBrlontar :  struck  by  a  missile ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

luntor.  Peluntor:  a  purgative;  a  cleaning 
medicine,  used  especially  of  drugs  to  promote 
the  flow  of  urine  or  (p.  darah)  the  menstrual 
flow. 


U^ 


i^^JmJ  lantas.  Consequent  on;  following  on;  pro- 
ceeding to ;  forthwith.  AjaUnya  sampai  lantas- 
lah  matt :  his  fated  hour  arrived  and  he  forth- 
with died ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  25.  Sa4elah  daiang  lalu 
naik  lantas  ka-peraduwan :  after  he  arrived  he 
went  straight  to  bed ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Dan 
lantas  ka-pada  kuda-nya :  and  promptly  mounted 
his  horse;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz.  Dart  perbantahan 
perkataan  lantas  di-gunakan  kaki  tangan :  after 
a  wordy  war  they  proceeded  to  use  their  feet 
and  hands;  Bint.  Tim.,  23  Feb.,  1895.  The 
word  also  occurs :  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  366 ;  Sh. 
Sri  Ben.,  84;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.;  Ht.  Berm.  Sh.; 
Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

lintas.  Dashing  past ;  moving  rapidly  across 
one's  path ;  flashing  by ;  taking  a  short  cut 
past.  Melintas :  to  dash  by  or  dash  across. 
Maka  melintas  pula  harimau  keluwar  dart  dalam 
belukar-nya :  a  tiger  dashed  across  coming  from 
the  low  scrub;  Ht.  Berm.  Sh.  Binatang 
tiyada  buleh  melintas  sudah  di-telan-nya :  no 
animal  could  dash  across  his  path  ;  he  ate  it ; 
Ht.  Koris.  TerlintaS'lah  sa-ekor  menjangan 
di'hadapan  Tdpi'l-muluk  :  a  small  deer  dashed 
across  Taju'l-muluk's  path;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 4. 
Orang  yang  boros  tiyada  memileh,  yang  mana 
terlintas  semuwa  di-beli  :  a  spendthrift  uses  no 
discretion ;  he  buys  all  that  crosses  his  path  ; 
Prov. 

Jin  lintasan  :  an  evil  spirit  of  the  nature  of  a 
will  o'  the  wisp ;  it  is  said  to  resemble  a  comet 
flashing  past  the  observer. i  This  spirit  is 
described  as  the  feminine  of  mambang  kuning 
and  as  being  capable  of  serving  as  a  familiar 
spirit. 

•^  lontos.  Smoothly  cylindrical ;  cylindrical  from 
end  to  end,  as  a  column  without  a  capital  or 
a  flagstaff  without  a  head  or  knob  at  the 
extremity. 

jy-:j    limtas.     See   behmtas,  of  which    luntas  is    a 
(Java)  variant. 

mXo    lantang.     Clear,  open,   unobstructed,  having 
^         nothing   in    sight,  empty.     Pasar  yang  ramai 

menjadi  lantang:  the  crowded  market  becomes 

an  empty  space  ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

itX:j    lanting.     Eng.     Lantern,  hurricane  lamp. 

ituJ    lantong.     I.     Intense,  of  a  smell;  putrid. 

II.  Jav.  Petroleum.  Pelantongan :  a 
petroleum  spring ;  Kl. 


U^ 


Cr 


ISntang.    (Onom.)    A 

tang.  Lentang'lentong  : 
various  tones. 


clanging   sound;    cf. 
id.,    but   repeated  in 


I     Cf.  the  lines : — 

Nyior  ladeh,  nyior  makan  bulan, 
Tanah  minyak  buwat  tibatan; 

Budah  pHgsan  di-thigah  jalan, 
T^rkhm  hantu  jin  lintasan. 


L^NTING 


[    613    ] 


LANTEK 


^ 


^ 


ISnting.  L  (Onom.)  A  tinkling  or  ringing 
sound ;  (by  extension)  the  twang  of  a  sharply- 
stretched  cord  or  string  ;  to  be  stretched  very 
taut.     Cf.  leting  and  deling. 

II.  Mengelenting  or  inelcnting :  to  warp,  of 
fresh  wood  exposed  to  great  heat ;  to  shrivel  up 
in  the  fire,  of  leaves  or  paper;  to  spring  about, 
of  live  embers  or  coals. 

III.  (Onom.)  The  sound  made  by  certain 
projectiles  hurled  with  great  force  through  the 
air. 

ISntong.  (Onom.)  A  deep  booming  sound  ; 
cf.  tong,  lentang,  etc. 

lentang  or  lintang,  I.  Crosswise ;  across ; 
position  athwart ;  cf.  lintas.  Bujor  lain  lintang 
patah :  that  which  is  in  line  goes  straight 
down,  that  which  is  athwart  is  broken  (and  goes 
down) ;  all  is  fish  that  comes  to  his  net ;  Prov. 
Pakai  hajii  rajitai  jam  di4intang:  wearing  a 
coat  with  a  watch-chain  across  it. 

L.  batang  or  Z.  batangan  :  to  throw  a  tree  or 
barrier  of  any  sort  across  a  river  so  as  to 
obstruct  navigation  and  secure  the  payment 
of  customs  dues  or  of  any  toll  or  blackmail. 

L.  bujor:  diagonal;  diagonally.  Lintang 
bujor  seniuf  berlari :  right  and  left  went  the 
ants;  Sh.  Sri.  Ben.,  4. 

L.  payar  :  to  moor  a  guard- vessel  in  the  river 
so  as  to  stop  navigation  and  secure  the  tolls. 

L.  pukang :  (sprawling)  with  legs  wide  apart ; 
(running)  with  long  gawky  strides  ;  (scattered 
about)  topsy-turvy,  of  goods;  Cr.  Gr.,  30;  Ht. 
Abd.,  325,  344;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Balat  L :  a  court  stretching  out  at  right 
angles  to  the  main  building ;  Sh.  Bid.,  89. 

Palas  I, :  the  platform  or  bridge  on  a  Malay 
perahu ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  70. 

Sanggiil  I. :  a  mode  of  dressing  the  hair  so  as 
to  make  portions  of  it  stick  out  at  right  angles 
to  the  head;  Pel.  Abd.,  81. 

Miika    bujor   sanggul  lintang, 
Bagaimana    hati   ta'-gila : 

your  face  is  oval,  your  head-dress  stands  out 
from  it, — how  can  the  heart  avoid  being 
thrilled  with  love  ? 

Lintangi :  to  thwart,  to  stand  in  the  way  of; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  15.  Mclintangi :  id.;  Ht. 
Mash.,  26. 

Lintangkan ;  to  lay  anything  across  or  athwart 
anything  else ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. ;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  21. 
Melintangkan :  id.;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  116. 

Kelintangan  :  position  cross-wise.  K,  bayang- 
bayang :  when  the  shadows  lie  across  (the 
path). 

Melintang :  to  move  or  lie  cross-wise  or 
athwart.  Terbang  m, :  to  fly  across  the  sky; 
to  fly  from  right  to  left  or  left  to  right  of  the 
spectator;  Sh.  K.  G.  T.,  23 ;  Marsd.  Gr.,  208. 
Bagai  anjing  melintang  denai :  like  a  dog 
crossing  the  track  made  by  a  wild  beast ; 
Prov.,  v.  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  92. 


^ 
^ 


lT 


Pelintang :  a  name  sometimes  given  to  the 
ambang  or  cross-beam  over  a  door  ;  v.  ambang, 

Terlintang :  lying  athwart  or  across ;  placed 
across.  Minta  do' a  tangan  terlintang :  praying 
with  arms  crossed  over  the  breast;  Sh.  Pr. 
Ach.,  4.  Terlijttang  berisi  ayer,  tertiyarap  berisi 
tanah :  when  turned  up,  filled  with  water ; 
when  turned  down,  filled  with  earth ; — the 
miserable  lot  of  the  coco- nut  shell,  used  as  an 
imprecation;  v.  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  46. 

II.     Jav.     A  star;  =  bintang. 

linting.  Pelinting :  (Singapore)  the  name  given 
to  a  short  wooden  bar  upon  which  the  oars  of 
a  Malay  boat  are  placed. 

luntang.  Kelnntang  or  pelimtang :  a  float 
made  of  a  very  light  wood  (the  root  of  alstonia 
scholaris  ? ) ;  it  is  allowed  to  drift  about  with  a 
short  baited  line  attached  to  it. 


^_j^;;*J    lintap.     Lying  one  on  another,  of  fiat  things 
such  as  books ;  lying  in  strata  or  rows. 

i\    lintup.     A  variant  of  littip,  q.  v. 

r:^;J    lantak.     Hammering  down  ;  driving  down  by 


j^ 


blows  or  pressure  ;  ramming  down.  Senapang 
sudah  di-lantak :  loaded  guns,  i.e,,  muzzle- 
loaders  with  the  charge  well  rammed  down ; 
Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  10. 

Lantak-lantak :  short  piles  which  are  driven 
down  in  a  row  to  strengthen  the  foundations 
of  a  dam. 

L.  senapang :  a  ramrod.     Also  pelantak, 

Luloh  L :  crushed  to  pieces  under  heavy 
blows  or  weight.  Habis  Itdoh  lantak  menjadi 
saperti  tepofig :  crushed  to  powder;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.  Luloh  lantak  tidang-nya  lain  mati :  his 
bones  were  smashed  to  pieces  and  he  died ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Di-palu-nya  dengan  chokmar- 
7iya  luloh  lantak  dengan  kendaraan-nya  sa-kali 
menjadi  tepong :  under  the  blow  of  that  mace 
he  fell  crushed  to  the  earth,  horse  and  all,  and 
crumbled  to  dust;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Lantak  is 
sometimes  used  by  itself  in  this  sense  e,g,, 
kayu  ptm  habis-lah  lantak  berkeping-keping :  the 
wood  crumbled  to  fragments ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Pe lantak  :  a  ramrod. 

Lantak  is  also  used  coarsely  of  gluttony,  i.e,^ 
*'  ramming  down  "  food.  In  Selangor  it  is  also 
used  of  an  unnatural  offence;  melantak  = 
memburit  or  main  mangkok. 


lantek.     L      Installation;     the     process     of 

installing  a  prince  or  high  officer  of  state. 
Daing  Ganggik  itu  di-lantek  uleh  Dato'  Ben- 
dahara  Pahang :  Daing  G.  was  installed  by  the 
Bendahara  of  Pahang ;  Ht.  Abd.,  456.  Sa- 
bagairaja  beharu  di-lantek :  like  a  newly  crowned 
king  (overcome  by  his  own  importance) ; 
Prov.,  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  37. 


77 


L&NTEK 


[    6i4    ] 


LONJA 


3^ 


J-1 


Melantek :  to  instal ;  to  crown  or  enthrone. 
Lantekkan:  id.;  Ht.  Abd.,  198,  421,  Betapa 
^ddat  hendak  melantek  raja :  what  are  the  forms 
to  be  observed  in  the  coronation  of  a  king  ; 
Ht.  Sh. 

Cf.  gelar,  which  refers  to  the  appointment  of 
minor  dignitaries  while  lantek  is  used  of  the 
greater  ceremonial  installations. 

II.  Pelantek :  a  pitfall,  a  trap ;  see  s.  v. 
pelatitek.     Also  belantek. 

ISntek.      Curling    inwards   or   curling    back; 

curving  concavely.  Anak  rambui-nya  melentek 
Wilis :  with  locks  curving  delicately ;  with 
slightly  wavy  locks  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.,  Sh.  Bid., 
20.  Gigi-nya  lentek :  with  teeth  filed  so  as  to 
give  a  concave  surface,  i.e,,  teeth  filed  about 
the  centre  but  left  untouched  at  the  extremi- 
ties ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Kening-nya  lentek :  with 
slightly  curving  eyebrow;  Sh.  Bid.,  87. 
Hidong-nya  manchong  serta  lentek  :  with  a  sharp 
and  slightly  tip-tilted  nose ;  Sh.  Bid.,  21. 
Ekor  mata-nya  melentek  wilts :  with  eyelids 
the  lines  of  which  curved  slightly  up ;  Sh.  Abd. 
Mk.,  86.  Bumhong  lentek  :  a  roof,  the  line  of 
which  forms  a  curve  rising  at  the  extremities 
(as  with  the  roofs  of  Chinese  houses). 

Tangan    hagai   tangan  puteri 
Lentek  longlai  empat  jari  : 

a  hand  like  the  hand  of  a  princess,  with 
slender  fingers  tilted  at  the  tip. 

ISntok.     Supple ;  flexible.     Lemah  liyat  kayu 

akar,  di4entok  buleh,  di-patah  ta'-dapat :  yielding 
but  supple  as  a  liana  which  bends  but  cannot 
be  broken  ;  a  proverbial  description  of  a  man 
who  knows  when  to  give  way  somewhat  but 
who  always  wins  his  point  in  the  long  run  ; 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  116.    Cf.  lefttor. 

lentok.  To  move  the  head  to  one  side  or 
another. 

luntok  or  lontok.     Short  and  thick  ;  stumpy. 

Orang  tuwa  L :  a  broken  down  old  man ;  a 
man  who  is  old  before  his  time  or  older  than 
his  years. 

ISntul.  The  empty  feeling  about  the  stomach 
in  a  hungry  man.  Melentid  :  to  feel  empty,  of 
the  stomach ;  to  be  fiabby,  as  an  empty 
stomach. 

ISntam.  (Onom.)  A  thumping  sound. 
Lentani'lentum :  id.,  frequentative  and  of  vary- 
ing intensity,  as  when  a  number  of  people  go 
stamping  over  a  floor;  Sh.  Peng.,  15,  17. 

ISntum,     See  Untam. 


lanten   or  lantin.     Eur.      A    lantern: 
Abd,,  142.     Also  a  hurricane-lamp. 


Pel. 


^^  lenteh.  Perlenteh :  lustful,  lascivious,  pro- 
fligate, dissolute.  Terlahi  sangat  garang  lagi 
perlenteh  kapada  anak  isteri  orang :  very  savage 
and  lustful  after  the  wives  and  daughters  of 
men  ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama.     Also  perlente. 


4\XJ    lantah.        Insufficiently 
jelantahy  q.  v. 


*;J 


t 


cooked. 


Better 


lintah.  The  large  horse-leech.  L.  gajah, 
Lpadi  and  /.  percha  :  three  varieties  of  the  large 
leeches  known  to  Malays,  the  lintah padi  being 
used  in  medicine.  Lintah  yang  meminum 
darah  hamba  A  Huh  ;  leeches  who  suck  the  blood 
of  God's  poor  ; — a  metaphorical  description  of 
rapacious  officials  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  209. 

Dart  mana  datang  lintah  ? 

Dart  paya   tiinm  ka-padi. 
Dari-mana   datang  chinta  ? 

Dart   niata    turtm   ka-hati : 

whence  comes  the  horse-leech  ? — from  the 
swamp  it  comes  down  to  the  padi-fields. 
Whence  then  comes  love  ? — from  the  eyes  it 
comes  down  to  the  heart ;  Prov. 

Also  alintah  and  halintah. 

lintoh.  Dizziness ;  loss  of  consciousness. 
'Ilmu  pelintoh  :  magic  arts  for  depriving  people 
of  consciousness  so  as  to  facilitate  theft  or 
abduction. 

lonteh.     A  harlot ;  a  slut.    Also  lonte, 

lantai.  A  floor  when  made  of  laths  or  thin 
strips  of  bamboo;  Ht.  Abd.,  286.  Musangterjim 
lantai  tirjongkit :  when  the  civet  cat  jumps 
down,  the  flooring-laths  stick  up ;  an  evil 
reputation  sticks  to  a  locality  even  when  the 
cause  is  removed;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,   II.,  158. 

lente.  Jav.  Perlente :  profligate,  dissolute  ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  141.    Also  perlenteh, 

loixte.     Jav.     A  harlot.     Also  lonteh, 
lantera.      [Port,  lantema.]     A  lantern. 

Ifinja.  I.  Running,  of  the  saliva.  Sawan 
lenja  :  fits  accompanied  by  foaming  at  the 
mouth.  Melenja:  to  run;  to  drip,  of  the 
saliva. 

II.  A  coarse  netting  of  rope  or  cord  in 
which  things  are  hung  from  the  roof  for 
protection  from  mice. 

L.  tangkup:  a  similar  receptacle  with  smaller 
meshes  and  made  of  thinner  material. 

lenja.     Melenja  :  to  sulk ;  Sh,  Nas.,   17. 


^    lonja.      Milonja  :     to     make     a    stroke     in 
^      swimming  which  forces  the  shoulders  out  of 
the  water. 


LANJUT 


[    615    ] 


LUNCHOR 


s2-*t^  lanjut.  I .  Long  in  duration ;  lasting ;  lengthy ; 
prolonged.  Peraduwan  yang  lanjut:  a  long 
lawsuit ;  Ht.  Abd.,  337.  Perkataan  yang  Ian- 
pit :  long-winded  talk;  Ht.  Abd.,  31,  ^^y. 

Berlanjiitan  :  at  great  length  ;  lengthily ;  Sh. 
K.  G.  T.,  22. 

Lanjiitkan :  to  lengthen ;  to  prolong.  Me- 
lanjutkan :  id, ;  Ht.  Abd.,  169.  Metuperlan- 
jtitkan:  id.;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  81.  Lanjutkan 
perkataan:  to  spin  out  a  story;  Ht.  Abd.,  16. 
Barang  di-lanjutkan  Allah  ta'ala  Uimur-nya : 
may  God  prolong  his  life. 

n.  Buwah  lanjut :  a  fruit  (unidentified)  eaten 
by  Malays;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  VIII.,  129.  ^ 


J^    lanjar.     Long,  of  ropes,  etc. 


lanjor.  Protracting,  prolongation ;  lasting 
too  long ;  dragging  on ;  cf.  anjor  and  lanjut. 
Telanjor  or  terlanjor :  over-protracted,  as  a 
useless  discussion ;  Ht.  Abd.,  319,  464 ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  116. 

J^    Igxijar     or  (Kedah)    ISnjer.     Biji  kelenjar  or 

"^       biji   kelenjer :    a   gland.     Sakit  kelenjaran :   a 

sympathetic    tenderness   of  the   glands,    Cf. 

kelenjar, 

^  lunjor.  Stretching;  extension  of  the  body 
-^*  or  limbs.  Berapa  panjang  lunjor  bagitu-lah 
selimut :  the  sheet  must  be  in  accordance  with 
the  length  the  body  stretches ;  you  must  cut 
your  coat  according  to  your  cloth  ;  Prov.,  J.  S. 
A.  S.,  XL,  41. 

Belunjor :  to  stretch.  B,  kaki  :to  stretch  out 
one's  legs.  Belum  dudok  belunjor  dahulu  :  to 
stretch  one's  legs  before  sitting  down ;  to 
disregard  the  rules  of  respect  or  politeness 
before  familiarity  permits  liberties,  or  to  show 
an  arrogant  disregard  for  the  opinion  of 
others;  Prov.,  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  21. 


t^ 


lanjang.     Terlanjang  :  naked  ;   Sh.  Peng.,  17  ; 
=  telanjangi  q.  w 

lanjong.     Tebu     lanjong  :     a    long   and    thin 
variety  of  the  sugar-cane. 

lonjong  or  lunjong.    Tall  and  thin,  as  certain 
kinds  of  trees. 


r^    lanjok.     (Penang.)     Excessive ;  =  terlangsong. 

-j^    lonjak  or  lunjak.     Melonjak:    to  rise  on  the 

tips  of  one's  toes  ;  to  stand  on   tiptoe  so  as  to 
look  over  a  barrier. 


o^ 


ISnjan.  Collective  stamping  or  pressing ;  the 
work  of  a  gang  of  coolies  in  beating  down  a 
road  so  as  to  give  it  a  hard  surface  ;  (by  exten- 
sion) abuse  that  is  not  confined  to  the  doings 
of  a  single  person  but  drags  in  all  the  scandals 
relating  to  his  family. 

I  Cf.   also  the  pan  tun : — 

Buwah   lanjut  buwah  Unjai 
Mari  bnwat  asam  sambal,  etc. 


A 


A 


A 


Ignjuwang.     The   dracoena. 

L.    bukit :  dracmna  congesta, 

L .  merah  :  the  common  red  dracoena,  cordyline 
terminalis, 

lancha.      [Port,  laucha.]     A  light  sloop. 

lanchut.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  water  gusli- 
ing  or  squirting  up, 

lanchit.  (Onom.)  The  sound  of  the  squirting 
of  a  thin  stream  of  water. 

ISnchit.  Springing  forward,  as  a  slippery 
body  when  squeezed  between  the  fingers. 

lonchat.  Jumping  with  both  feet  together ; 
hopping ;  leaping,  as  a  fish  leaps  out  of  the  water ; 
springing  as  a  worm  springs  along  the  ground 
in  short  jerky  movements.  Tir lonchat 4onchat 
bagai  ulat  pinang  :  hopping  about  like  a  betel- 
nut  worm  ;  a  restless  person;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A. 
S.,  III.,  27. 

lanchar.  I.  Quick-darting,  as  a  snake; 
fluency,  of  speech.  Di-bacha-nya  sadikit-dikit 
akan-tetapi  belum  lagi  lanchar  iy a  m^mbacha  :  he 
read  a  little  but  as  yet  without  any  fluency  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  146. 

Lancharan:  a  swift  ship  of  war;  a  sort  of 
native  cruiser.  Duwa  puloh  lancharan  bertiyang 
tiga :  twenty  three-masted  cruisers;  Sej. 
Mai.,  44,  126. 

Melanchar :  to  move  swiftly ;  to  dart  along. 
Lari  ka-luwar  dari  tempat-nya  bertelor  me- 
lanchar  ka-dalam  ayer :  she  dashed  away  from 
the  place  where  she  had  laid  her  eggs  and 
darted  into  the  water ;  Ht,  Koris.  See  also 
Sej.  Mai.,  58. 

II.  Tiyang pelanchar  :  pillars  supporting  the 
back  of  a  house. 

lanchor.  Gushing  or  spurting  violently  out ; 
spitting  or  squirting  out :  cf.  panchor, 

Bomba  itu-pun  sangat4ah  bochor, 
Sa-panjang  jalan  habis4ah  melanchar : 

the  hose  was  very  leaky  and  kept  squirting 
out  water  all  along  the  road ;  Sh.  Sing. 
Terb.,  13. 

Lanchor  is  used  in  a  technical  sense  by 
alluvial  miners  to  describe  the  process  of 
emptying  the  wet  tin-bearing  earth  into  the 
washer  in  order  to  separate  earth  and  ore. 

lunchor.  I.  Confiscation ;  the  lapsing  to 
the  pawn-broker  of  a  thing  pawned ;  forfeiture, 
as  the  result  of  non-payment  or  non-com- 
pliance with  the  terms  of  an  agreement ;  the 
acquisition  by  a  creditor  of  a  right  to  the 
ownership  of  the  person  and  services  of  a 
debtor  (in  the  Malay  system  of  debt-slavery) 
when  the  debt  is  not  paid. 

Sa-orang  matt,  sa-orang  b^rhutang, 
Sa-orang  lunchor  ka-pada  raja  : 


L&NCHAS 


[     6i6     ] 


LENDER 


cr4 


^ 


i4 


one  man  is  dead,  another  is  in  debt,  and  a 
third  has  become  the  slave  of  a  raja  (for  non- 
payment of  a  fine). 

II.  To  glide  or  slip  out  of, — used  of  a  knife 
falling  out  of  its  sheath,  etc.  Melnnchorkan 
sampan  ka-ayer :  to  shove  a  boat  into  the  sea ; 
to  launch  a  boat. 


ISnchas.     (Kedah. 
caterpillar. 


A  large  species  of  hairy 


lonchos.  Sharp  smoothness ;  tapering 
smoothly  to  a  point ;  forming  a  smooth  cone  ; 
sharp  as  the  bows  of  a  boat ;  bare  of  obstruc- 
tion ;  (by  extension)  bare  generally,  naked. 

Sebab   niiskm   badan   hi  lonchos ; 
Jihalau   ada,   tentti   her  saint : 

through  poverty  my  body   is   left  naked ;  had 
I  anything,  I  would  surely  be  cloaked. 


^    lunchas.     Missing   the  mark,    failing   to  hit. 
U**T       Also  (Selangor)  luchas. 


lanchang.  I.  [Port,  lanchao.]  A  Malay 
war-vessel ;  a  ship  built  for  speed  and  fighting ; 
Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  20;  Sej.  Mai.,  38 ;  Ht.  Koris; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  92;  Ht.  Si  Misk.,  25. 

Siyapkan  lanchang   nagasari 

Hendak   membawa   adinda  ptiteri 
Bermain   di4attt   duwa   tiga   hart : 

get  ready  my  ship,  the  ** nagasari,"  to  take  my 
love,  the  princess,  for  a  two  or  three  days' 
pleasure  trip  to  sea;  Sh.  A.  R,  S.  J.,  3. 

Bergelut  I, :  to  race  these  boats ;  to  hold  a 
regatta  for  light  cruising-craft ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

The  name  lanchang  is  now  applied  to  all  the 
model  ships  which  are  launched  with  sacri- 
ficial offerings  to  propitiate  the  demons  of  the 
sea ;  =  (in  the  towns)  kapal  hantn.  These 
models  are  of  no  particular  type,  even  steamers 
being  sometimes  imitated. 

Batn  I. :  the  money  (three  small  coins)  placed 
as  an  offering  in  one  of  these  sacrificial  boats. 

II.  Running  ahead,  running  before  another  ; 
dashing  forwarder  anticipating  ;  Cr.,  Hist.  Ind. 
Arch.,  II.,  102.  Melanchang :  to  have  gone 
forward  too  fast ;  to  have  outstripped  the  rest. 

lanching.  Jav.  Trowsers  worn  by  Javanese 
males.  Lanchingan  :  id.;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed.  Bev~ 
lanching:  to  wear  trowsers  (of  some  pattern 
or  another),  e,g,^  berlanching  gerengseng  wayang 
(Ht.  Sh.,  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya) ;  berlanching  vambnti 
halus  (Ht.  Sh.) ;  etc. 

lanchong.  False,  counterfeit;  debased,  of 
currency.  Supaya  iiyada  buleh  aku  terkena  emas 
atau  perak  lanchongan  :  so  that  I  may  not  be 
taken  in  by  counterfeit  gold  or  silver ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  25. 


■^ 

^ 
-¥ 

^ 

t 

^ 
^ 


ISnchong.  Milmchong :  to  deviate  from  the 
straight  path ;  to  edge  towards  the  right  or 
left ;  to  incline  or  swerve  to  one  or  other  side 
of  the  road. 

Innchang.  The  point  of  the  rice-pounder 
(alu) ;  V.  d.  W. 

laBChap.  Slipping  down  easily,  of  food; 
smooth  and  unobstructed,  of  a  surface.  Me- 
nara  mas  lanchap  terlahi :  a  smoothly  cylindrical 
minaret    of  gold ;   Ht.   Gul.    Bak.,   105.     Cf. 

lonchos. 


Jul 


J 


J 


J^ 
J^ 


lanchip  and  lunchip. 

smooth,  cylindrical. 


Variants  of  lanchap  . 


lanchok.  (Kedah.)  A  swampy  bit  of  ground; 
a  muddy  pool ;  a  large  puddle.^     Cf.  lanyau, 

lonchok.     To  give  a  push  to  an  object  floating 

in  water ;  to  send  some  object  across  a  stream 
by  setting  it  afloat  and  then  giving  it  a  push 
so  as  to  drive  it  to  the  other  side,  as  is  done 
with  a  light  object  which  a  fall  might  injure 
but  to  which  a  wetting  would  do  no  harm. 

lenchun  or  (Kedah)  linchun.  Saturation 
with  liquid ;  dripping  wet.  Lenchun  basah  kain 
sntera:  the  silk  sarong  is  dripping  wet. 


linchin.     Smooth,    slippery ; 
lichin,  q.  V. 


a     variant     of 


lenchah  or  linchah.  Restlessness;  fidgety 
motion.  Terlenchah-lenchah :  constantly 
moving;  restless;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

landa.  I.  Melanda :  to  push  or  force  one's 
way  through  anything;  to  force  an  entrance 
or  passage.  Naik  ka-rumah  hendak  melanda: 
to  go  up  to  the  house  to  force  one's  way 
into  it;  Sh.  Peng.,  17. 

II.     Melanda  emas :  to  wash  for  gold ;  alluvial 
gold  mining. 

ISndat.  Trampled  down  ;  bent  this  way  and 
that,  as  undergrowth  over  which  a  wild  beast 
has  passed. 

lendut.  Bowed  down;  ** giving"  under  one, 
as  a  bridge ;  bent  or  bowed,  as  a  horizontal 
lath  or  rope  between  two  supports. 


landar.     Beronok   landar : 
lodactyla  molpadisides. 


a    sea-worm ;  hap- 


ISnder  or  Igndir.  Slime ;  slimy,  greasy ;  vis- 
cous and  sticky ;  greasy  matter  of  any  sort 
exuded  from  trees  or  from  the  body  in  certain 
diseases;  Ht.  Abd.,  297,  304;  Muj.,  50. 

Kachang  L :  the  okra  or   beni  fruit ;  hibiscus 
escidentus;  Hay.  Haiw. 

Makan  hdsil  L  :    (Penang)    to   live   on   the 
earnings  of  the  prostitution  of  others. 

I  E.g.:— 

Umpan  ikan  tahan  m^mh'ang, 
Tahan  di-lanchok  hutan  hakau:   etc. 


LANDAS 


[    617    ] 


LENSET 


lT 


-Xx)  landas.  A  foundation  or  base  upon  which 
anything  is  hammered  or  beaten.  Landasan, 
or  pe landas  :  an  anvil. 

Landas  hukit :  a  plant;  macaranga  triloba. 

Landas  pay  a  :  a  plant ;  greenia  jackiana. 

landong.     Long,  of  ropes. 

L.  padi  :  a  shrub,  conocephahis  stibtrinervius. 

16ndong.  Melendong:  to  be  concave,  of  sur- 
faces w^hich  are  usually  convex  and  which  are 
forcibly  knocked  in, — used  of  a  "bowler" 
hat  the  top  of  which  has  been  knocked  in  or 
of  a  roof  which  has  given  way  and  fallen  in. 

lindong.  I.  Shelter;  protective  cover  or 
concealment. 

Lindongi,  lindongkan,  berlindongkan,  melindong, 
melindongi  and  melindongkan :  to  protect,  to 
conceal  by  covering,  to  shelter.  Di4tndongi 
uleh  awan  itu :  hidden  by  the  cloud ;  Ht.  P. 
J.  P.  Dari  mata  orang  akn  lindongkan  :  I  will 
hide  him  from  the  eyes  of  men ;  Sh.  Bid.,  46. 
Khaiinah  melindong  panas  :  tents  to  keep  off  the 
heat ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  25.  Dewata  sinar  melin- 
dongi din:  the  God  of  Light  (the  sun)  hid 
himself;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  22. 

Berlindong :  to  take  shelter.  Berselindong : 
id.  Tiyada  tempat  kapal  atan  perahu-peraJm 
hendak  berlindong  kalan  angin  ribiit :  there  was 
no  place  where  ships  could  take  shelter  in  the 
event  of  storms;  Ht.  Abd.,  190.  Maka  ttiwan 
puteri  pun  lari-lah  naik  ka-atas  balai  berselindong 
kapada  tirai  kelambti  balai  itu :  the  princess  ran 
up  to  the  hall  and  hid  herself  behind  the 
curtains ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Kelindongan  :  shelter;  hiding;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
Perlindongan :  id.  Tempat  perlindongan :  a 
place  of  shelter ;  a  harbour  of  refuge ;  Ht.  Abd., 
467. 

Terlindong :    hidden,    sheltered;    Ht.    Abd., 
351,  357- 
n.     A  species  of  eel. 

9JCJ    londang.     A    mud-hole;    a    pool    or   lagoon 
^  sheltered  behind  mud  banks ;  the  water  in  a 

ring-shaped  bank. 

Akar  L  :  a  parasitic  creeper  (unidentified). 
^3Jui    ISndip.     (Kedah.)     Neat,  natty,  smart. 

IJCJ     landak.     A  porcupine.     Tiyada-kah  kijang  Ian- 

dak  dengan  kurongan-nya :  have  not  roes  and 
porcupines  their  shelters  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  44. 

Bagaimana  di4angkap   landak  ? 

Di-asap  pintu-nya   dengan   api ; 
Bagaimana   mola   berkihendak  ? 

Dari   mata  tunm   ka-hati  : 

how  is  the  porcupine  caught  ? — by  smoking 
him  out  with  a  fire.  What  is  the  source  of 
love  ? — from  the  eyes  it  descends  to  the 
heart ;  Prov. 


iJoJ 


.Jui 


.Jjj 


dJoJ 


oJul 


dJoI 


:-X*J 


L.  kawan^  L  ray  a  or  /.  ttmggal :  the  regular 
porcupine ;  hystrix  longicauda, 

L.  batii :  the  Asiatic  brush-tailed  porcupine  ; 
atherura  fasciculata  or  athenira  macrura,  L. 
ubi  or  /.  kelubi :  a  porcupine  possibly  identical 
with  /.  batu. 

Bnnga  L  :  a  bush  with  spiny  bracts  ;  barleria 
prionitis, 

landen  or  landin.  A  handle;  =  landaiyan, 
Keris  I. :  a  dagger  with  a  full -sized  handle  such 
as  is  grasped  in  the  palm  of  the  hand.  See 
landai.     Often  pronounced  lenden. 

lindu.  An  earthquake.  Lindu  menggonchang 
negeri  Sang  Ratu :  an  earthquake  is  shaking 
the  city  of  my  lord  the  prince ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

lundu.  L  A  fish  (unidentified).  H.  A  plant; 
an  tidesma  bimias. 

landoh.  Increasing  in  width  as  progress  is 
made, — used  of  a  sugar-loaf,  or  of  a  chain 
the  links  of  which  increase  in  thickness  as  you 
follow  them,  or  of  a  man  with  a  narrow  waist 
and  large  stomach. 

lendeh.  Melendeh  :  to  press  up  against,  as  a 
boat  borne  by  the  current  presses  up  against 
others  tied  to  a  landing  stage;  to  nestle  up 
against,  as  a  child  nestles  up  against  its 
mother. 

londeh.  The  loosening  of  the  fastening  of  a 
sarong  so  that  it  gives  way  at  a  pull.  Terlondeh 
kain :  to  have  the  sarong  bound  insecurely 
round  the  waist  at  a  certain  risk  to  seemliness.^ 

landai.  L  vSloping  away ;  sloping  down  to. 
Tanah  melandai  :  land  gradually  sloping  away 
towards  a  river  or  other  depression. 

IL  A  handle  of  a  weapon  when  that  handle 
is  of  sufficient  size  to  permit  of  its  being 
grasped  firmly  in  the  palm  of  the  hand.  Keris 
landai-nya  chula :  a  keris  with  a  handle  of 
(dragon's)  horn;  Ht.  Sh.  Landaiyan^  landen, 
or  landin :  a  handle.  Memegang  landen  keris- 
nya  :  grasping  the  handle  of  his  keris ;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg.  Keris  landen  or  keris  landaiyan:  a 
keris  with  a  handle  of  full  size  (the  ordinary 
keris  having  a  peculiarly  shaped  handle  which 
is  not  grasped  in  the  palm  of  the  hand  in  the 
way  that  a  sword-handle  is  grasped) ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Nata. 

lansat.     A   fruit,    lansinm 
commonly  langsat^  q.  v. 


domesticimi.     More 


v_l,tn..,'?^  lenset.  Belenset:  turned  inside  out, — used 
especially  of  a  boy's  trick  of  turning  down  the 
eiye-lid  so  as  to  display  its  inner  side. 

I  Cf.  the  passage : — 

Jalan  masok  hutan  bemban, 

T^p^relus  kaki  dalani  lobang : 
Serempak   ta'-dan  hendak  berhSmban, 
Terlondeh  kain^  malu  ka-orang. 


LANSAR 


[    6i8     ] 


LUWAT 


jit  uit  1-f 


^ 


jj 


lansar.  Disproportionate  length ;  a  variant  of 
langsar,  q.  v. 

lenser  or  linsir.  Slipping  or  sliding  away  to 
the  side;  a  variant  of  lengser,  q,  v. 

lonsor  or  lunsor.  SHpping  or  sliding  forward ; 
a  variant  of  longsor,  q,  v. 

lansing.     Shrill ;  a  variant  of  langsing,  q.  v. 

lansong.  Proceeding  ;  motion  on  to  ;  a  variant 
of  langsong,  q.  v. 

lonsen  or  lonsin.  Eng.  A  dozen.  Also 
longsin  and  lose7t, 

lansai.  Completion  ;  winding  up  ;  a  variant 
of  langsai,  q.  v. 

lansi.  Shrill,  clear,  of  the  voice  or  of  the 
notes  of  a  musical  instrument ;  a  variant  of 
langsai,  q.  v. 


y^ 


ijj    Igning.     (Onom,)     The  tinkling  of  a  little  bell 


Idnong.     (Onom.)     The  booming  of  a  gong  or 
big  bell. 


iSunyap.  Disappearance,  vanishing.  Lennyap 
di-pandang :  vanishing  from  before  one's  sight; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

M^lBnnyapkan  :  to  cause  to  vanish  or  disappear; 
Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  23. 

Idimyak.     Deep,    of    sleep.     Apa-bila    sudah 

tidor-mu  lennyak  :  when   your  sleep  is  sound 
and  deep  ;  Sh.  Dag.,  3. 

ISnnyau.  Treacherous  ground ;  a  variant  of 
lanyati,  q.  v. 

ISnayah,  The  sensation  of  treading  on  some- 
thing dirty  or  repulsive  ;  a  shudder  of  aversion. 

lonnyai.  Soft  from  overboiling;  insipid  in 
taste  and  wanting  in  firmness,  of  rice. 

lau.  I.  Arab.  If.  Wa-lau:  and  if.  Jika- 
lau  or  kalau  :  if. 

II.  Daunlau  :  a  plant,  hcemaria  discolor.  The 
name  is  also  given  to  various  species  of 
anactochihis  orchidece, 

III.  A  very  gradual  curve. 
lo.     Eng.     Law. 

lu.  I.  [Chin.  M.]  You;  a  pronoun  of  the 
second  person  used  to  and  by  Chinese ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  308,  346. 

11.  Raga  hi :  di  kind  of  basket  used  for  the 
conveyance  oipadi. 


^^ 


01 


■J 


fj 


ui 


■J 


liwsLt.     Arab.     Sodomy.      Barang'Siapa   liwdt 

di-masokkan  ka-dalam pipa  itti  di-golek  berkeliling 
negeri  sa-hingga  hanchor-lah  badan-nya  :  who- 
ever was  guilty  of  sodomy  was  put  into  the 
barrel  (studded  with  nails)  and  rolled 
round  the  town  till  his  body  was  torn  to 
pieces;  Ht.  Abd.,  61. 

loba.  Greed  ;  covetousness.  Loba  akan  herta 
hamha  :  hungering  after  my  goods  ;  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  loi.  Jangan-lah  loba  menchari  herta : 
do  not  be  covetous  in  the  pursuit  of  wealth; 
Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  2.  Aniyaya  dan  loba  raja- 
raja  :  the  tyranny  and  greed  of  (native)  princes; 
Pel.  Abd.,  29. 

Also  haloba. 
lubor.     Bclubor  padi  :  a  granary. 

lobang.  A  hole;  a  groove  or  hollow.  L. 
ielinga  :  the  hollow  of  the  ear;  Ht.  Abd.,  105. 
L.jarum  :  the  eye  of  a  needle ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
63.  L.  luka :  the  cavity  of  a  wound ;  Ht.  Abd., 
247.  Barangsiapa  menggali  lobang  iya  juga 
yang  terperosok  ka-dalam-nya  :  whoso  diggeth  a 
hole,  the  same  shall  stumble  into  it ;  Ht.  Abd., 
177. 

L.  tengkok :  the  hollow  at  the  back  of  the 
neck. 

L.  tikiis :  the  side-cavity  in  which  the  body 
rests  in  a  Malay  grave. 

Korek  lobang  ulat:  "to  dig  up  worm-holes  "; 
to  provoke  a  dispute. 

Berlobang  :  with  a  hole  in  it ;  perforated  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  28,  170;  Ht.  Mash.,  51.  Berlobang- 
lobang :  riddled  with  holes ;  full  of  holes,  as  a. 
wasp's  nest;  Ht.  Abd.,  180,  381. 

lobak.     The  Chinese  radish,  raphanus  caudatus  ; 

Muj.,  47,  49 ;  Kam.  Kech.,  g. 

L,  Imian  :  a  plant,   lowia  longijiora, 

L,  jantan :  a  plant,  susum  anthelminticum. 
Also  lobak-lobak, 

lobok  or  lubok.     A  deep  cavity  in  a  river  or 

pool  or  in  the  sea ;  a  cavity  within  a  cavity. 
Lobok  jadi  pantai :  the  deep  becoming  the 
shore  ;  topsy-turvidom  ;  Prov.  Lain  lobok 
lain  ikan-nya :  different  holes  have  different 
fish ;  different  men  have  different  ways  ;  Prov. 
Saperti  ikan  pulang  ka-lobok :  like  a  fish 
rushing  back  to  its  hole ;  a  proverbial  descrip- 
tion of  eager  swiftness;}.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  141. 

loban.     I.     A  fish  (unidentified). 

II.  [Arab,  lubdn.]  Loban jawi :  gum  ben- 
jamin, the  product  of  styrax  benzoin. 


lota.      [Hind. 
Indian  type. 


lota.]      A  water-vessel  of  an 


luwat.  Nausea  or  repulsion ;  feeling  that  one 
would  like  to  get  rid  of  something  swallowed. 
Apus  luwat :  wiped  out  and  spat  out ;  nasty 
work  that  has  been  done  and  finished  with ; 
Prov. 


LUTUT 


[    619    ] 


l6h 


C--3jJ  lutut.  The  knee.  Terangkat  sampai  hitut : 
lifted  as  high  as  the  knee ;  Sej.  MaL,  59.  Nasi 
tersaji  di-luttit :  food  ready  laid  on  one's 
knee;  a  thing  to  be  had  for  the  asking;  Prov., 
Ht.  Abd.,  96. 

Kepala  L  :  the  fore-part  of  the  knee. 

Pelipatan  I.  :  the  hollow  behind  the  knee  ;  the 
intercond3doid  fossa. 

Timpurong  I, :  the  knee-pan  or  patella. 

Berlutut :  to  kneel ;    to  be   on    one's   knees ; 
Bint.  Tim.,   22  Feb,,    1895.     Usually  hertelut. 

j^y    lotar.      Throwing,   hurling ;    Ht.   Kal.    Dam., 
403.     Usually  lontar,  q,  v. 


yj' 


i^ 


lotSrai  or  loteri. 

to  draw  a  lottery. 


ijy    lotang,     A  fire-arm 


Eur.     Lottery.     Puhil  L 


loteng,  [Chin,  latl-teng.]  The  upper  storey; 
upstairs.  Naik  ka-atas  loteng  :  to  go  upstairs ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  125,  319.  Loteng-nya  tiga  tingkat : 
with  three  upper  floors  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  136. 

loting.     Dirty  ;  covered  with  mud. 

lotong  or  lutong.  I.  Black;  a  generic 
name  given  to  monkeys  of  the  genus  semnopi- 
thecus,  e.g.,  s.  maiinis,  s,  obscurus,  and  s. 
femoralis.  These  monkeys  are  often  men- 
tioned in  Malay  works  along  with  the  kera  and 
the  berok ;  e,g,,  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  8.  Hitam  L  : 
intensely  black. 

Ekor  l. :  a  name  given  to  a  type  of  swivel- 
gun  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  56.     Cf.  lotang  and  jelutong, 

11.  A  street-walker;  a  common  -  harlot. 
Melotong:  to  be  "on  the  loose,"  Also 
menjelutong, 

^  J    lotek.    A  kind  of  pitch  used  on  the  bottoms  of 
boats. 


lutu.  Striking  out,  hitting  out;  striking  blows 
right  and  left  with  vigour ;  to  rain  blows  on  a 
person ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  23. 

Melutu:  to  hit  out;  to  strike  or  beat:   Sh. 
Sri  Ben.,  9 ;  Sh.  Peng.,  16. 

luti.  Crumpled  up;  ruffled;  rolled  up  and 
disfigured ;  spoilt  by  continuous  wear  before 
being  actually  worn  out,  of  new  clothes. 


J^^    lujau.     A  fresh-water  fish  (unidentified). 


lujor.     To  tack  ;  to  string  roughly  together  ;  cf. 
jelujoy^ 


>- J    loji.     Eur.     A  fortified  lodgment  or  station  ;  a 
factory  of  the  old  East  India  Company. 


1  This  word  is  given  in  Dutch  dictionaries  as  Chinese, 
but  Chinese  dictionaries  give  no  equivalent.  The  word 
lotang  or  lotong  occurs  in  the  sense  of  a  small  cannon  in  five 
places  in  the  Hikayat  Koris  but  it  may  be  the  same  as  ekor 
lotong,  s.  V.   lotong. 


lucha.        [Hind, 
obscene. 


Inchchd,]        Low ;     mean  ; 


luchut.  I.  Slipping  away;  slipping  down ; 
slipping  off;  being  lost,  as  a  ring  or  necklace 
which  falls  off  without  being  perceived. 
Demi  terluchut  'aztmat  ittt :  when  the  talisman 
fell  off;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  147.  Sebab  biyarkan 
orang'Orang  Melayu  berlaga  kerbau  PengJmlu 
^Abas  di  Bukit  Biruwang  telah  kena  hichut 
phighnhi-nya:  for  permitting  Malays  to  have  a 
buffalo  fight,  Penghulu  Abas  at  Bukit  Beruang 
has  lost  his  penghulu-ship.  Terluchut  baju 
dari  badan  :  his  coat  has  slipped  off  his  body  ; 
Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  6.  Permafa  luchut  dari-pada 
karangan-nya :  a  pearl  fallen  from  its  setting ; 
Ht.  Koris.  Lagi-pun  luchut  daripada  milek 
kita  :  besides  he  has  escaped  from  our  domin- 
ions;  Ht.  Best. 

Meluchutkan  :  to  let  fall,  to  let  drop,  as  a  man 
lets  out  the  cord  attached  to  a  fishing-net ; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Luchut,  however,  is  almost 
invariably  used  of  things  falling  off  or  being 
lost  without  the  intervention  of  human  agency. 

II.  Scraping  the  skin  off;  abrasion.  Ber- 
luchut  an  tiyada  merasai  luka :  abraded  without 
feeling  the  injury  ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Kulit  tnelu- 
chtit :  the  skin  came  off;  Sh.  Lamp.,  25. 

Tebok   aw  an    berkalok-kalok, 

Tepi  di'jait  dengan  renda ; 
Pokok   kayu    besar  jangan   di-pelok, 
Kalau  gagah    meluchut  dada  : 

do  not  put  your  arms  round  too  big  a  tree ;  if 
you  insist  on  doing  so  your  breast  will  have  its 
skin  rubbed  off;  do  not  attempt  too  much; 
Prov. 

luchas.  (Selangor.)  Failing  to  hit ;  missing 
the  mark.     Also  lunchas. 

locheng.  [Chin.  lO'Cheng  ?  ]  A  bell ;  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub.  The  word  is  also  common  colloqui- 
ally. 

lochak.  Melochak :  to  be  abundant,  to  be 
plentiful. 

lochok.  Melochok  :  to  thrust  a  finger  towards 
a  man's  face ;  to  point  insultingly  at ;  to  dig  in 
the  ribs. 

luchu.  Facetious;  amusing;  bright.  Molek 
luchu  saperti  anakan  emas  kinchana :  fair  and 
bright  as  an  image  of  gold  ;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed. 

lo'chuan.  [Chin.  Hdk-chhodn.]  A  strong 
silk  fabric  used  in  making  suits  of  clothes. 

16h  or  Ifth.  [Arab,  liih,]  A  slate ;  a  writing 
board  ;  a'  tablet.  Loh  dan  kalam  :  slate  and 
pencil;  Ht.  Hamz.  Papan  I.  :  a  slate;  Ht. 
Abd.,  20,  22,  L.  chator :  a  chess-board;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  II. 

L.  mahfutl :  the  Tablet  of  Fate  on  which  the 
records  of  a  man's  good  and  evil  actions  are 
kept;  Bust.  Sal.;  Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  3;  Sh. 
Lamp.,  13. 


LUDANQ 


[    620    ] 


LORAH 


b^ 


->y    ludang.     Sampan    ludang:   a   type    of   Malay 
boat ;  Kl. 


b^ 


^  J    luding.     The  name  of  a  variety  of  the  tenggiri 
fish. 


>^ 


o3 


>^ 


oJSji 


c^ 


>^ 


J 


I  Cf.  the  pantun  : — 

Kachang  chemata  di-masak  lodeh, 
Mari  masak  di-htitan   huloh ;  etc. 


lodan  or  ludan.  The  whale  or  leviathan  in 
old  romances.  NagaAntabogaptmbertemti-lah 
dengan  ikan  ludan :  the  Great  Serpent  met  the 
whale ;  Ht.  Ind,  Jaya.  Maka  ikan  ludan  itu- 
pun  pulang  ka-lobok-nya  :  the  whale  returned  to 
its  depths  of  the  ocean  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

ludah.  Expectoration,  spitting.  Ludah  ka- 
langit  timpa  batang  hidong  sendiri :  spitting  at 
heaven  brings  the  saliva  dow^n  on  one's  own 
nose  ;  a  dirty  action  discredits  the  doer  more 
than  its  intended  victim ;  Prov.,  cf.  J.  S.  A.  S., 
IL,  136.  Ludah  inati  paky  telan  matt  mak  :  spit 
it  out  and  your  father  dies ;  swallow  it  dowai 
and  your  mother  dies;  a  choice  of  misfortunes ; 
^^Hobson's  choice;"  Prov. 

Ludahi:  to  spit  at  or  on  (anything).  Di- 
ludahi  rastil  A  llah  :  he  spat  at  the  Apostle  of 
God ;  Sej .  Mai. ,  68.  Di4udah-liidahi-nya  kapada 
patek  :  he  kept  spitting  at  me ;  Ht,  Ind.  Nata. 

Ludahkan  :  to  spit  (anything)  out ;  Sh.  Dag.,  5, 

Berludah:  to  spit;  Sh.  Bid.,  112.  Meludah  : 
id. ;  Muj.,  9. 

lodeh.  Cooking  (vegetables,  etc.)  till  they 
become  soft  and  pulpy.  ^ 


lodoh.     Pulpy   and   rotten,  of  overripe  fruit. 
Cf.  lodeh. 

luwar.  Outside  ;  position  outside.  Di4uwar  : 
outside.  Ka-luwar  :  outwards.  Dan  luwar : 
from  outside.  Luwar ^  berkilat;  dalam,  berongga: 
glittering  outside,  and  emptiness  within; 
glittering  but  not  gold;  Prov.  Tanah  I: 
foreign  countries.  Orang  I, :  a  stranger;  a 
foreigner.  Jakitn  yang  di-luwar-luwar  ini 
bukan-nya  Jakun  yang  asal :  these  wild-men  of 
the  outskirts  are  not  aboriginal ;  Ht.  Abd.,  389. 
Keluwaran  :  outer ;  strange  ;  foreign ;  alien ; 
common.  Perkara yang  k. :  common  things; 
alien  matters ;  matters  that  affect  others  but 
do  not  concern  us ;  Pel.  Abd.,  33.  Orang  k. : 
a  stranger ;  a  man  outside  decent  circles ;  a 
plebeian.  Chara  orang  k. :  the  (bad)  behaviour 
of  a  plebeian  or  stranger ;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed.  Tiyada 
dapat  di'pakai  orang  keluwaran  :  it  (the  colour 
yellow)  was  not  permitted  to  be  worn  by 
common  people;  Sej.  Mai.,  91.  Bukan  budak 
ini  anak  orang  keluwaran,  kelakuwan-nya  akan- 
akan  anak  raja  besar  juga  rupa-nya :  this  boy 
is  no  son  of  plebeian  parents,  his  ways  seem 
to  be  those  of  the  son  of  a  mighty  prince  ;  Ht. 
P.  J.  P. 


-Li 


v> 


lTJ. 


>J 


b^ 


3j^ 


V. 


>^ 


Ka-luwar,  outward,  is  often  used  verbally  to 
signify  motion  outwards,  and  is  treated  as 
though  a  separate  word  {keluwar).  Perkataan 
yang  keluwar  dari  mulut-nya :  words  which  came 
out  of  his  mouth  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  36. 

Keluwari,  mengeluwariy  keluwarkan,  and 
mengeluwarkan  :  to  bring  out ;  to  cause  to 
issue  ;  to  eject  or  evict ;  to  produce  out  of  any- 
thing. Mengehiwari  orang  Siyain  :  to  expel  the 
Siamese  (from  Malacca)  ;  Sej.  MaL,  115. 
Tuwan  R,pun  mengeluwarkan  chakap  :  Mr.  R. 
uttered  these  words;  Ht.  Abd.,  gg. 

Terkeluwar :  brought  out,  projecting;  Ht. 
Abd.,  452. 

lurut.  I.  To  pass  the  hand  over  anything  ; 
to  run  a  rope  or  chain  through  the  hands 
feeling  the  links  ;  to  draw  one's  hand  over  an 
arm  or  long  body  of  any  sort.  Maka  TdjuH- 
muluk  melurutkan  diri-nya  hendak  turun :  T. 
rubbed  himself  through  (the  aperture)  wdth  the 
intention  of  descending ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  39. 

n.  A  whitlow ;  a  sw^elling  on  the  fingers. 
Also  kelurut, 

lurus  or  loros.  Straight ;  smooth  and  straight 
as  the  trunk  of  certain  palms.  Sa-batang  kayu 
yang  baik  lagi  lurus  :  a  tree  that  is  strong  and 
straight;  Ht.  Abd.,  4.  Jalan  yang  bengkang- 
bengkok  hendak  di-luruskan  the  roads  that  are 
zigzag  will  be  straightened  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  336. 

lorong.  I.  A  lane ;  a  narrow  road  or  street. 
Pada  tiyap-tiyap  lorong  dan  jalan :  in  every 
lane  and  road;  Ht.  Abd.,  24.  Also  Ht.  Abd., 
81,  112,  160. 

II.     Unsuccessful;   unlikely  to  come  to  any- 
thing ;  unsound,  of  an  enterprise. 

lurup.  Susup-lurup :  helter-skelter,  of  running ; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

lorek.  Delicate  markings  such  as  those  on  the 
skin  of  a  snake. 

luru.  Meluru  :  to  dash  forward ;  to  leap  for- 
ward; to  charge.  Belanda  meluru  tiyada 
berhenti :  the  Dutch  charged  on  without  inter- 
mission ;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  15.  Datang-lah  anjing 
barang  sa-puloh  ekor  meluru :  some  twenty  dogs 
came  dashing  up;  Ht.  Abd.,  310. 

lorah  or  lurah.  I.  A  groove  in  a  plank  into 
which   the   tongue  of  another  plank  is  fitted. 

L.  hidong :  the  dimple  or  furrow  between  the 
nose  and  upper  lip.     Also  alor  bibir. 

II.  A  district;  a  minor  division  of  the 
country  in  Javanese  tales.  Hendak  menaHuk- 
kan  luroh  tanah  Jawa  :  to  subdue  the  districts 
of  the  land  of  Java;  Ht.  Sh. 

PenggawaL:  a  headman;  a  minor  Javanese 
official ;  ^  Ht.  Sh. 

Sa-luroh  :  in  every  district ;  all  over. 

I     The  order  in  which  these  officials  are  given  is  : — 
Munteri,   htdubalang,     p^nggawa    lurah,   pemhangkal, 
kebahi,   kebayan,     pancha-negara,  va'iyyat     hina-dina; 
Ht.  Sh. 


LURCH 


[    621    ] 


LUPOH 


■U 


>^ 


Gagah  perawira  jayeng   seteni, 
Tiyada   makan  perambut  senjata; 

Sa-hirah  tanah  J  aw  a,  sa-daHrah  tanah 
Melayu, 
Mtisoh   ta'-berani   bertentang   mata : 

in  all  the  districts  of  Java,  in  all  the  divisions  of 
Malaya,  no  enemy  dare  meet  him  face  to  face. 
Sa4nrah  is  often  used  as  a  single  word 
meaning  *'the  whole,"  "all,"  and  is  often 
pronounced  sa-luroh  or  seluroh, 

lurch.  I.  Falling,  dropping;  being  shed, 
Segala  badan  manusiya  ptm  saperti  buwah  luroh 
daripada  pohun-nya :  all  the  bodies  of  men  (lay 
strewn  about)  like  leaves  fallen  from  the  trees ; 
Ht.  P.  J.  P.  Jika  bermimpi  daim-nya  luroh  : 
if  you  dream  that  its  leaves  are  fallen ;  Sh. 
Tab.  Mimp.,  17. 

Bcf luroh  :  to  fall,  to  be  falling.  Berliirohan  : 
id.  Bunga  pun  sedang  kembang  berliirohan 
di~atas  mayat  Sang  Ranjtma  saperti  di4udongi 
dengan  kain  yang  puteh  ada-nya  :  the  flowers 
had  fallen  while  in  full  bloom  upon  the  body 
of  Arjuna  covering  it  as  though  with  a  white 
shroud  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

II.  Sa-hiroh :  all,  the  whole  of.  Sa-luroh 
badan  :  the  whole  body;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  50. 
See  lurahy  III. 

luri.     The  lory  or  parrot ;  usually  nuri,  q.  v. 

lusa.  The  day  after  to-morrow.  Esok  L  : 
to-morrow  or  the  day  after. 

luwas.  Width ;  wide ;  spaciousness.  Dahi-nya 
luwas  :  his  forehead  was  broad  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  86, 
Mulut-nya  hiwas  :  his  mouth  was  wide ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  86,  326.  F\idang  yang  maha-luwas :  a 
very  broad  plain  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Ltiwaskan  :  to  widen ;  to  expand ;  Ht,  Abd., 
336,  401,  485.  Meluwaskan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd., 
235;  Muj.  50. 

Cf.  lebar  (measured  width). 

^  \    losong.     Ichtyosis ;  a  white    scaly   eruption. 
C^      Sakit  I. :  id.;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  VIII.,  127.    Knrap  L; 
id.;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  52. 


losen  or  losin.  Eng.  Dozen.  Also  longsen, 
dosen,  etc. 

lusoh.  Soft  by  long  use,  as  clothes ;  flexible 
and  comfortable,  as  shoes  that  have  been  worn 
for  some  time. 

Ifit.     Arab.     Lot,  tht  nephew  of  Abraham. 

luwang.     I.  To  abate,  of  a  storm  ;  to  be  still, 

of  the  wind.  Teja  keluwang  :  a  rainbow;  the 

glow   in    the  sky   after  heavy   rain ;    Ht.   Sg, 
Samb. 

II.     Keluwang  :  a  fruit -bat.     See  keltiwang, 

lupa.  I.  Forgetfulness;  to  forget.  Kesalahan 
daripada  lupa  :  a  mistake  due  to  forgetfulness; 
Ht.  Abd.,  6. 


Lupakan  and  melupakan  :  to  forget.  Lupakan 
Allah  :  to  forget  God  ;  Ht,  Abus.,  21.  Pelandok- 
lah  lupakan  jerat,  tetapi  jerat  tiyada  melupakan 
pelandok  :  the  mousedeer  may  forget  the  snare 
but  the  snare  does  not  forget  the  mousedeer ; 
Pro  v.,  Ht.  Abd.,  451. 

Meliipai  dirt :  to  forget  oneself;  to  forget  one's 
surroundings;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  37. 

Pelupa :  a  forgetful  person;  absent-minded. 
Bebal  lagi pelupa  :  stupid  and  forgetful;  Sh.  B. 
A.  M.,  7.  Keras  pelupa :  persistently  forgetful ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  371. 

II.  Lupa4upa:  fish-maws  prepared  as  an 
article  of  trade  for  Chinese  consumption. 

lupat.  An  edible  marine  shell-fish  ;  hippopus 
macidatus. 

Input.  Slipping  from ;  escape,  loss.  Luput 
badan  dan  jiwa  :  the  loss  of  body  and  soul ;  Sh. 
Lail.  Mejn.,  20.  Neschaya  luput4ah penglihatan 
yang-dipertuwan :  Your  Majesty's  sight  will 
certainly  be  lost ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.  Pergi  belajar 
jangan4ah  Input :  do  not  forget  to  go  and 
study;  Sh.  Nas.,  13.  Luput  daripada  keja- 
hatan  :  escape  from  evil;  Ht.  Mash.,  49, 

Hilang  L  :  lost  and  gone ;   a  strong  form  of 
luput;    Sh.   Kamp.   Boy.,  6;   Ht.   Gul.   Bak., 
5.99- 
Luputkan  :  to  cause  to  escape  or  lose. 
Di'lenakan   dengan   niinum    dan   makan ; 
Waktu  sembahyang  supaya  di4uputkan  : 

rendered  torpid  by  food  and  drink  so  as  to 
cause  the  hour  of  prayer  to  slip  unnoticed  by ; 
Sh.  Ibl.,  8. 


.  j**^J    lopis.     A  kind  of  cake 


lupas.     Melupas :    to    rub    the    skin    oif;    to 
skin  ;  =:  mingHupas.     Cf.  ktipas  and  kelupas. 


jy 


lopak.      I.     A  hollow  in  which  water  rests;  a 

pool  or  puddle.  Di-ambiUnya  anak  udang yang 
bcrenang  di-dalam  lopak  itu :  he  took  the  young 
shrimps  which  were  swimming  about  in  the 
pool ;  Ht.  Koris.  Lopak  jadi perigi :  the  puddle 
becoming  a  well;  the  beggar  becoming  a 
prince ;  Prov. 

II.  Lopak4opak  :  a  small  pouch  for  tobacco, 
betel-nut,  etc.^  It  is  made  of  fine  basket- 
work.  Lopak4opak  gila  :  id.,  if  the  pattern  of 
the  work  is  very  irregular. 

III.  Lopak4apek :  inconsistent;  confused; 
cf.  upak-apek. 

lopek.     A  kind   of    small   flat-bottomed   boat 
said  to  be  in  use  among  the  Oraiig  Laiit. 


^i  \    lupoh.     Melupoh  :  to  hammer  (bamboo)  flat ; 
y      to  flatt 


to  flatten  out  by  blows. 


r     Cf.   the  pantun:  — 

Datin  duriycm  jatoh   terchampak, 

lopak-lopak   isi  selaseh ; 
Tujoh  tahun  di-lamhong  ombak, 
Tiyada-ku  lupa  hati  yang  kaseh. 


78 


LUPI 


[    622    ] 


LULOR 


iP 


i^ 


lupi.  Papan  Uipi  :  the  name  given  to  the  small 
square  plank  seat  on  a  level  with  the  gunwale 
in  a  Malay  canoe  (kolek) ;  the  decking  in  the 
bows  of  a  perahu  ketiyap, 

luwak.  I.  Mehiwak  :  to  decrease  somewhat ; 
to  be  wanting ;  to  be  less. 

II.  Meltiwak :  to  experience  a  feeling  of 
nausea,  especially  at  a  disgusting  sight;  = 
fnHuwat,  s.  v.  luwat. 

III.  Jav.  A  small  animal;  a  species  of 
pole-cat;  Sh.  Bid.,  66. 

luwek.  A  slight  feeling  of  disgust  or  nausea ; 
less  strong  than   luwak,  11. 

luka.  A  wound;  wounding.  Liika  stidah 
hilang,  parut  ada-kah  hilang :  when  the  wound 
is  healed  does  the  scar  disappear ;  when  an 
injury  is  paid  for  does  it  cease  to  be 
remembered;  Prov.  Luka  di-hati :  a  wound 
in  the  heart ;  (by  metaphor)  a  love-stricken 
heart ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak,,  76. 

Mata  L  :  the  orifice  of  a  wound ;  Ht.  Hg. 
Tuw.,  95. 

Lukai  and  mUuha'i :  to  wound ;  Ht,  Gul. 
Bak.,  Ill ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  147, 

vfSj3    loka.      [Skr.  loka,]     Region,    place ;  Cr.   Gr., 

68.     Shurga4oka :  heaven ;  usually  shurga4oga, 
V.  loga, 

lokat.     I.     Eng.     A    dog'Cart. 

II.  Falling  loose,  as  plaster  from  a  wall  or 
as  a  plank  from  a  rotten  wall. 


lukut.     Melukut :    broken 
letnukut,  demtikut,  etc. 


rice    grains;    also 


lokar.  [Eng,  :  locker,]  A  locker ;  the  sail- 
room  in  a  ship ;  the  forecastle  cabin  in  which 
the  crew  sleep, 

lukis.  Writing;  scratching  letters  with  a 
stylus ;  engraving.  Pandai  L :  a  writer  or 
engraver;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  loi.  Lukis  melukis  : 
engraving,    etching;    Ht.    Sh.    Kub.     Kalam 

melukis:  the  pen  is  running  on;  Sh.  Lail. 
Mejn.,  g.  Dawat  melukis :  the  ink  is  flowing 
out  in  writing;  Sh.  Nas.,  1. 

Lukiskan :  to  reproduce  in  colours  or  ink  ;  to 
scratch  or  etch  a  pattern  ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  67. 
Melukiskan :  id.;  Muj.,  27. 

lokos  or  lukus.  Bedraggled,  of  a  fowl 
caught  in  the  rain,  or  of  a  man  who  has  fallen 
clothed  into  muddy  water. 

lokap.  Eng.  The  "lock-up"  at  a  Police- 
station. 

lukup.  Turned  bottom  upwards,  of  ships, 
cups,  etc. 


4? 


J^ 


f^ 


/^ 


c^Jl 


)) 


p\    lokek.     Stingy,  mean,  miserly;  a  skin-flint. 


lokan.  An  edible  marine  shell-fish  of  the 
cockle  type;  Ht.  Abd.,  88;  Sej.  Mai.,  45;  Sh. 
A.  R.  S.  J.,  5. 

luku.  Meluku :  to  draw  the  fingers  through 
the  hair ;  to  scratch  the  head. 

lokah  or  lukah.  A  fish-trap  set  in  running 
streams.  Kena  L  :  to  be  caught  in  one  of  these 
traps;  Pel.  Abd.,  no.  Menahan  L :  to  set  one 
of  these  traps ;  Sej.  MaL,  55,64.  The  trap 
resembles  a  long  cylindrical  basket. 

loki.      [Chin.:  /o'-H.]     A  Cantonese  harlot. 

loga.  I.  [Skr, /^^^.]  Shnrga4oga  :  heaven  ; 
the  heaven  of  Siva;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed.;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.  Masok  sIitirga4oga  mengadap  Betara 
Guru:  to  ascend  into  Heaven  and  enter  the 
presence  of  Batara  Guru  (Siva) ;  Ht.  Sh.  Also 
shurga4oka, 

II.  Batu  peloga :  a  sounding-lead;  =  battc 
pendoga,  from  doga,  q.  v. 

lugas.  I.  Melugas:  (Kedah)  to  make  a 
"clean  sweep"  of  anything;  to  "clean  out"  a 
house,  as  a  thief  who  carries  off  everything 
and  leaves  nothing  behind. 

II,  Melugas:  (Kedah)  to  feel  inclined  to 
hiccough ;  a  feeUng  of  over-repletion  after  a 
meal.  I 

logam.  Tarn-  Mineral  (only  occurring  in 
compound  words).  Pancha4oga7n :  com- 
pounded of  five  metals,  or  (if  a  stone)  of  five 
colours.  Piyala  p. :  a  goblet  or  vial  made  of 
five  metals ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak,,  68.  Batu  p.  :  n 
stone  of  five  tints;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  Ada-pirn 
sayap  walimana  itic  daripada  pancha-logam : 
the  wings  of  the  harpy  were  made  of  five 
metals  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Berma4ogam :  a  name  given  a  red  talis- 
manic  stone ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

lugU.  Satisfaction.  Sesak  berundor-undor,  lari 
ta'-malu,  menghambat  ta'4ugu  :  to  retreat  when 
hard-pressed,  not  ashamed  to  fly,  and  not 
satisfied  when  pursuing ;  a  proverbial  maxim 
illustrating  Malay  warfare;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II., 
145. 

lulut.  Shampooing;  rubbing  with  the  hand 
so  as  to  force  dirt  out  of  the  pores  of  the  skin  ; 
rubbing  cosmetics  into  the  body.  Di4ulut 
dengan  geharu  kesturi :  rubbed  with  sandal- 
wood and  musk  ;  Sh.  Bid.,  46.  Langir  dan 
lulut :  soaping  and  shampooing  ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk., 
115- 

lulor.  I.  A  (Batavia)  variant  of  lulut :  Ht. 
Ism.  Yat.,  128. 

II.  Swallowing  whole,  as  a  snake  or  croco- 
dile swallows  its  prey.     Also  lulu, 

I     Cf .  the  pantuti : — 

Ditdok    mUugas  ta'-sedap  rasa, 

Dalam  p^rut    sa-bagai  memulas; 
Sudak  pernah  makan  jasa, 
Sisa   belum  mhiinggal  bekas. 


LOLOS 


[    623    ] 


LOMOR 


jy 


lolos.  Slipping  on,  as  a  ring  on  the  finger  ;  cf. 
lulus  which  is  *'to  slip  in,"  of  the  finger  into 
the  ring. 

lulus.  Just  slipping  through ;  ability  to  just 
pass  into  or  through,  as  a  finger  slips  into  a 
ring  or  as  a  piece  of  thread  passes  through 
the  eye  of  a  needle  ;  (by  metaphor)  to  put 
through  a  piece  of  work,  to ''come  off ";  to 
succeed.  Lulus  benang  lulus  kelindan  :  if  cotton 
goes  through  so  will  thread  ;  a  person  must 
submit  to  what  his  fellows  have  to  put  up 
with;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  39.  Adayang 
tempat  jalan-nya  sa-lulus4ulus  orang  sehaja : 
there  were  places  where  only  one  man  could 
pass  through  at  a  time  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  35.  Ltdus 
kehendak  :  to  get  one's  desire  put  through ; 
to  get  what  one  wants  ;  lit.  Abd.,  174.  Ltdus 
saperti  sembah  paiek  ini :  may  what  goes  through 
be  in  accordance  with    this  my  request ;  Ht. 

pg.  ptg. 

Jikalau   di-tageh    Hyada-kan   lulus, 
Jangan   di-bawa    berjanji  putus  : 

if  you  dun  a  man  (on  this  day)  the  dunning 
will  be  unsuccessful,  so  do  not  attempt  to  get 
any  debt  settled ;  Sh.  Rej.,  8, 

Luluskan  and  mekduskan :  to  put  through 
(a  business).  Luluskan  kehendak  or  meltdus- 
kan  kehendak  :  to  meet  a  person's  wishes;  Ht. 
Abd.,  425,  450. 


lolong.     Melolong : 
and  other  animals. 


(Ononi.)    to  howl,  of  dogs 


lolak.     A  shell ;  trochns  niloticus. 

lolok.  Melolok  :  to  spy  upon  ;  to  secretly  keep 
a  watch  on  ;  =  mmyuloh. 

lolok.      [Arab.  lu'lu\\      A  pearl ;  v.  loHo\ 

lulum.  Sucking  at  anything  by  way  of  tast- 
ing it ;  eating  chocolate  or  sweets  which  melt 
in  the  mouth. 


^  Jc- J  lolo\  [Arab.  luHu.]  A  pearl ;  a  precious 
^^  stone  mentioned  occasionally  in  Malay  litera- 
ture. Yakut  I,  :  rubies  and  pearls ;  Sh.  Sg. 
Kanch.,  26.  Permata  yang  L :  pearly  gems ; 
pearls;  Ht.  Sh.  Podi  yang  I, :  id. ;  Sh.  Sri 
Ben.,  75. 

Jy  lulu.  I.  Swallowing  down  ;  consuming  at  a 
gulp.  Hat  mamak  ular  besar,  kata  Awang 
Selamat,  lulu4ah  kaini,  telan-lah  hanii  :  Oh  my 
uncle  the  Great  Serpent,  said  Awang  Selamat, 
gulp  me  down,  swallow  me.  ^ 

II.  Kelulu  :  fitting  ;  proper ;  decent.  Tingkah 
laku  tiyada  kelulu  :  improper  behaviour ;  Sh. 
Mas.,  9.  Takut-nya  Bangui  tiyada  kehdu:  most 
unseemly  fear;  Sh,  Peng.,  18.  Suwara-nya 
besar  tiyada  kelulu  :  a  powerful  voice  of  unseem- 
ly loudness  ;  Sh.  Ul.,  16. 

III,  Lidu-lala  :  incoherent,  in  speech;  con- 
fused; "muddle-headed." 


I     From  a  Phiglifot  Lava   tale. 


4JJ    lulah.     A  species  offish-trap;  KL,  v.  d. 


w. 


i; 


•^ 


'J' 


r. 


4 


luloh.     Powder ;    fragments ;     the   dust     into 
which  anything  is  crushed. 

Menjadi   luloh   kdfir  la'natan, 
Jadi  makanan  hantu   dan   shaitdn  : 

the  accursed  infidels  are  crushed  to  powder 
and  become  the  food  of  demons  and  devils ; 
Sh.  Rej.,  13. 

L.  lentak :  utterly  crushed  to  powder;  a 
strong  expression  used  in  romances  to  describe 
the  condition  of  a  warrior  after  receiving  a 
blow  from  the  hero  of  the  story ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.,  Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Ind.  Nata,  Ht,  Sh. 
Kub.  H anchor  L  :  id.  (Ht.  Sg.  Samb.),  but 
more  common  in  modern  use  especially  figu- 
ratively {hanchor  luloh  di-dalam  hati)  to  describe 
a  broken  heart  or  a  heart  overcome  with  love. 

Dari  Bandan   bttrong  sa-kawan, 
Berchampor  sa-ekor  burong  merpati  ; 

Serta   di-pandang   birtambah  rawan, 
Hanchor   luloh   di-dalam    hati : 

as  soon  as  I  see  her  my  passion  increases,  my 
heart  is  crushed  with  longing;  J.  I.  A.,  III., 

448. 


lull.     Kachang  luli  , 
tified) ;  Muj.,  48. 


a  kind  of  bean   (uniden- 


lumat.  Fine  ;  soft,  of  earth  ;  pulpy;  minced, 
of  food  ;  crushed  ;  ground  or  chopped  to  pieces, 
Melihat  herta-nya  habis4ah  lumat :  seeing  his 
property  knocked  to  pieces  (at  a  fire)  ;  Sh. 
Sing.  Terb.,  24.  Pipis  lumatlumat :  mince  it 
quite  fine ;  Muj.,  64. 

The  word  is  also  used,  by  metaphor,  of 
destruction  in  any  form. 

Nama    kita    tidak4ah    lumat, 
Badan    kita    dapat   selamat : 

our  good  names  will  not  perish  and  our  bodies 
will  find  salvation  ;  Sh.  Nas.,  6. 

Irnnut.  Moss  ;  a  generic  name  applied  to  mosses 
and  mossy-looking  plants  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  87.  Pel. 
Abd.,  93.    Berlimiut  :  mossy. 

L.  ekor   kuning  :   a   water- weed  with  yellow 
flowers  ;  utricidaria  flexuosa, 
Akar  I.  :  a  plant  ;  jasminium  smilacifolium. 

lomor  or  lumor.  Smearing.  Lomorkan :  to 
besmear,  as  ointment  is  besmeared  on  the 
body ;  Muj.,  60 ;  Hay.  Haiw.  Lomor4omorkan: 
id.;  Ht.  Abd.,  386.  Melomor:  id.;  Muj.,  9. 
Melofuorkan  :  id.  Milomorkan  dengan  arang : 
to  defile  with  soot ;  to  grossly  insult ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Nata. 

Berlomor :  besmeared ;  defiled.  B,  dengan 
tahi :  besmeared  with  ordure  ;  Sej.  MaL,  150. 
B.  dengan  arang  :  blackened  with  charcoal,  as 
the  face  of  a  Chinese  gang-robber  ;  Ht  Abd., 
321.  B,  dengan  kesalahan  :  stained  with  sin  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  183. 

Cf.  lomos,  lumut,  lumang,  lumak,  etc. 


LOMOS 


[    6a4    ] 


LETER 


^^ 


&^ 


lomos  or  lumus.  I.  Smeared  with  filth ;  | 
cf.  lomor.  I 

llimang.  Belumang  :  Smeared  with  wet  mud,  i 
of  a  buffalo  fresh  from  its  wallow.  MBnggelu-  I 
mang  :  to  wallow.    Cf.  lomor,  lomos,  liimak,  etc.   • 

lumak.     Oiliness ;    greasiness. 

lumu.     Moss  ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya.    Better  lumut, 

luwan.  The  bows  of  a  boat ;  Sh.  Pang.  Sg.  j 
Better  haluwan, 

lunas.     The  keel  of  a  Malay  boat. 

A  nchak  pelunas ;  a  sacrificial   offering  to  the   : 
hantu  tanah  or  earth  spirits ;  v.  anchak, 

lOBak.  Fleshy,  of  stone-fruits ;  having  lots  of  ! 
flesh  round  the  pip  or  stone.  ! 

luwah.     Spitting   out  food   after  it  has   been   i 
taken  into  the  mouth,   in  contradistinction  to   ; 
spitting   out    phlegm   or    saliva.     Masok  pun 
ta'-penoh,  terbiUpun  ta'-luwah  :   if  it  comes  into 
the  mouth  it  does  not  fill  it ;  if  it  leaves  the 
mouth,  no  effort  is  needed  to  eject  it ;  a  thing  f 
of  inappreciable    importance  ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A. 
S.,  II.,  143. 


fc  J    luweh.     A  variant  of  luwek,  q.  v. 


luwih.  (Kedah.)  Furthest  from  the  goal ; 
furthest  from  the  target  or  bull's-eye ;  last,  in 
a  race.     Also  luwi. 


lohut.     Rotten  through  and  through ;  falling 
to  pieces. 

lohor.     Noon;    a     colloquial    variant    of    the 

Arabic  ^j^' 

Bunga  kembang  lohor :  a  flower  (unidentified). 

Inhak.     A  variant  of  toze'a-fe,  q.  v. 

luwi  or  lui.     See  kiwih. 

loya.  I.  Squeamish  ;  having  a  slight  desire  to  | 
vomit  {maka  dengan  loya-nya  datang  hendak  \ 
muntah  rasa-nya  :  Ht.  Koris). 

II.     (Kedah.)     An  octopus. 

loyut  or  luyut.    Meloyut:  to  bend,  of  branches 
under  the  weight  of  fruit. 

loyar.     I.      Eng.      A    lawyer.     L.    burok :    a  | 
hedge  lawyer;   a    pettifogger    who  works  up 
cases.     L.  keledek  :  a  cheap  (qualified)  lawyer; 
a  man  ready  to  take  up  disreputable  cases  for 
a  small  fee.     Also  layar. 

II.  Pinang  loyar:  a  **Penang  lawyer;"  a 
plant  out  of  which  heavy  cudgels  are  made ;  a 
cudgel  so  made. 

loyang.     I.     Bell-metal. 

II.  A  large  uncovered  tray  of  lacquered 
wood. 

III.  Hantu  loyang:  a  name  for  the  tiger 
spirit  (hantu  beliyan). 


l^y    loyong.     Meloyong :   to  totter;   to  walk  with 
^         tottering  gait,  as  a  drunken  man. 

^J^    loyak.     Soft,  of  rice  that  is  overboiled. 


rij^ 


J 


luyu.  Mata  Inyu :  heavy  or  drooping  eyelids 
(in  a  sleepy  man), 

lonyah  or  lunyah.  To  be  trodden  flat,  of 
earth ;  to  be  trodden  down  into  a  soft  pulp,  as 
wet  soil  on  which  buffaloes  are  turned  loose ; 
a  rough  system  of  preparing  the  soil  for 
cultivation  by  fencing  or  tying  a  buffalo  in  a 
small  field  so  as  to  get  the  ground  trodden 
down. 


lonyai. 

earth. 


Trodden    into   mud ;    slushy,    of  the 


lah.  I.  A  sufiix,  sometimes  having  a  preterite 
signification  (cf.  telah),  and  sometimes  a  quasi- 
demonstrative  meaning.  Pergi-lah  iya :  he 
went.  Orang  itu-lah  yang  pergi :  that  was  the 
man  who  went ;  it  was  he  who  went. 

IL  A  familiar  abbreviation  of  the  (Arabic) 
name  'Abdullah, 

lai.  A  numeral  coefficient  used  with  words 
which  are  the  names  of  tenuous  objects  such 
as  sheets  of  paper,  blades  of  grass,  etc.  See 
he  lai. 

lebar.  Width,  breadth.  Kaki-nya  lebar :  his 
foot  was  broad ;  Ht.  Abd.,  328.  Lebar-nya 
tanah  itu  ada-lah  kira-kira  tiga  empat  puloh 
depa :  the  width  of  that  piece  of  ground  was 
some  thirty  or  forty  fathoms ;  Ht.  Abd.,  153. 

Cf.  luwas,  which  has  the  idea  of  spacious 
breadth  (as  in  the  English  :  '* broad"  lands) ; 
while  lebar  is  measured  or  relative  breadth. 

lebam.     A  fish  (unidentified), 

liyat.  Tough,  leathery,  lithe.  Tanah  L :  clay. 
Lemah  liyat  kayu  akar :  the  tough  flexibility  of 
a  liana  (which  can  be  bent  easily  but  not 
easily  broken) ;  a  man  over  whom  it  is  easy  to 
win  a  momentary  advantage  but  who  is  never 
decisively  beaten  ;  Prov.  Bangsa  balor  liyat : 
a  race  of  slippery  customers ;  a  worthless  idle 
race ;  Prov. 

II.  Liyat-liyut :  twisting  about;  wriggling 
and  writhing,  as  a  snake. 

lijnit.  I.  Lithe,  leathery,  tough  though 
flexible.  Liyat-liyut :  twisting  yet  not  breaking ; 
supple. 

II.     Meliytit :  to  drag  on,  of  an  illness. 


*vi  leter.  Babbling  ;  chatter  ;  jabber.  Beleter  or 
berleter :  to  chatter.  Tiyada4ah  berhenti  mulut- 
nya  daripada  berleter:  his  mouth  would  never 
cease  from  chattering;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  17. 


LITUP 


[    625    ] 


LIDAH 


3^ 


litup.  Completely  closing  up  or  shutting  up; 
covering  and  concealing ;  shutting  off  from 
view.  Habis  litup  dunya  ini  banyak-nya  :  their 
numbers  were  such  as  to  completely  cover  the 
earth ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

letak.     L     Very  weak,  of  a  sick  or  dying  man. 
II.     Meletak  :  to  lie  down  without  a  pillow. 

litah.  Loose,  of  the  tongue.  Dengan  latah 
dan  litah  mulut-nya  :  with  hysterical  action  and 
loose  speech ;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  4.    Cf.  latah, 

lechet.  Blistered ;  having  the  skin  rubbed 
off;  abraded,  of  the  skin  of  the  hands  after 
rowing  ;  chafed,  after  riding.    Cf.  lecher, 

lecher.  Melecher  :  to  be  moist,  of  an  abrasion  ; 
to  suppurate,  of  a  wound. 

lechak.  Moist  and  slippery,  of  the  ground 
after  rain. 


^js^    lichi  or  laichi.      [Cantonese:    la1-chi,\     The 


-^    lechek  or  lichek. 

^^*       of  the  foot. 


I.     Kicking  with  the  side 


II.  Beating  up  or  breaking  up  rice  with  a 
spoon  so  as  to  enable  very  young  children  to 
eat  it.  Pelechek  :  a  kind  of  spoon  for  doing 
this. 

Lipat   baik'baik  jangan  peronyok, 
Simpan   dengan   kain   batek; 

Badan  gemok   bagai   beronok, 

'Akal  sa-bagai   makan   nasi   lichek  : 

with  a  body  as  fat  as  that  of  a  sea-worm,  and 
a  mind  as  though  he  was  being  fed  on  pap  ; 
Prov. 

lechok.     Polishing;   giving  a  surface   of  oily 

smoothness  to  anything.  Berminyak  biyar 
lechok  :  if  you  use  oil  let  the  oiliness  be 
thorough ;  do  not  do  things  by  halves ;  Prov., 
cf.  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  157. 

lichin.  Smooth,  slippery;  bare.  Ada-pun  batn- 
batu  itn  terlalu  lichin  dengan  rata-nya :  the 
stones  (of  which  the  fort  was  made)  were  very 
smooth  and  flat;  Ht.  Abd.,  56.  Bersanggul 
lichin-lichin  :  with  a  plain  head-dress  (without 
head  ornaments) ;  Ht.  Abd.,  96.  Pulau  lichin  : 
a  bare  island  ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  16.  Lichin  lichau  : 
smooth  and  glossy ;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  50.  Lichin 
bagai  basoh  perahu :  stripped  as  a  vessel  when 
the  decks  are  swabbed;  *' cleaned  out,"  as  a 
man  who  has  lost  his  last  cent  at  cards ;  Prov^ 
Also  linchin.  Cf,  lechok,  lichau,  lecher,  lechak 
linchir,  etc. 


^    lichau.     Glossy;  shiny,  as  well-oiled  hair  or 
-^"       as  a  well-varnished  stick;  cf.  lechok,     Lichin 
L:  smooth  and  glossy;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  50. 

\    lecheh.     I.     Melecheh:  to  cajole  or  wheedle; 
^^^      to  coax. 

II.     Idle  and  profligate  ;  dissipated. 


lT 


.Jui 


^Jj 


j4 


bjj 


well-known  Chinese  fruit  nephelium  litchi, 

lidas.  A  smarting  sensation  in  the  mouth 
such  as  that  experienced  after  eating  acid  fruit, 
pineapples,  brinjals,  etc. 

ledang.  Light,  of  colour  ;  pale  ;  shimmering, 
as  a  light  cloud  in  the  sun's  rays  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Gnnong  L:  Mount  Ophir,  in  Malacca.  Puteri 
gunong  I.  :  the  Fairy  Princess  of  Mount  Ophir, 
of  whom  many  legends  are  related  in  the 
Sejarah  Melayu  and  elsewhere. 


lidal.      [Port. :  dedal,] 
and  sarong  jari. 


A  thimble.     Also  didal 


lidah.  The  tongue.  Lidah  pun  tiyada  kelak 
berhenti  daripada  menguchap  wah  wah  :  and  the 
tongue  might  never  cease  to  utter  cries  of 
surprise ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  40.  Apa  guna  ianda 
tangan,  lidah  sehaya  ini  sudah  chukup :  why 
sign  ? — my  word  of  mouth  is  sufficient ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  200.  Chabut  lidah  rnati :  an  idiomatic 
expression  signifying:  "I  will  put  you  to 
shame  even  though  you  keep  silent.'* 

L.  api  :     a  darting  "tongue"  of  flame. 

L.  badak  :  a  climbing  aroid;  pothus  latif alius, 

L,  berchabang :  a  forked  tongue ;  a  treacherous 
tongue  that  says  one  thing  at  one  time  and 
another  at  another ;  Prov. 

L.  biyawak :  a  monitor-lizard's  tongue;  a 
forked  tongue ;  Prov.,  =  /.  berchabang. 

L.  buwaya:  the  ^'crocodile's  tongue" ;  atoe 
ferox. 

L,  gajah:  the  '^elephant's  tongue"  plant; 
aglaonema  oblongifolium . 

L.  jin:  the  ''evil  spirit's  tongue"  herb; 
hedyotis  congesta,  Akar  lidah  jin:  hedyotis 
capitellata,  Rumput  lidah  jin  :  peristrophe  acu- 
minata, 

L.  kBrbau:  the  "buffalo-tongue,"  a  plant, 
clevodendron  deflexus, 

L.  knching :  the  "cat's  tongue;"  turneria 
ulmifolia, 

L,  lembu:  the  "ox-tongue";  a  plant,  amilema 
nudiflorum. 

L,  manis:  "  sweet-tongued  "  ;   sweet-spoken. 

L.  menjulor  :  a  long  darting  tongue  such  as 
that  of  a  snake  or  lizard. 

L,  panjang  :  loquacity;  talkativeness;  lack 
of  reticence. 

L,  patong  :  a  plant,  ipomea  uniflora, 

L.  riisa:  the  " deer's  tongue "  ;  a  small  tree, 
fagroea  racemosa, 

Anak  I,:  the  uvula;  Muj.,  86.  Anak  lidah 
timbangan  :  the  tongue  of  a  balance.  Tatang 
di-anak  lidah  :  carrying  on  the  tongue ;  a  pro- 
verbial impossibility. 

Bertongkat  I. :  using  the  tongue  as  a  prop  to 
keep  the  mouth  open  ;  a  gaping  mouth  and 
prominent  tongue;  Sh.  UL,  26. 


LIDI 


[    6a6    ] 


LIYONG 


iS-i^ 


^ 


Do'd  pematah  L  :  a  spell  to  strike  a  man  dumb 
when  about  to  give  evidence  against  you ; 
J.  I.  A.,  I.,  314. 

Ikan  L  :  a  flat-fish ;  a  sole. 

Membetulkan  L  :  to  correct  the  pronunciation  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  147. 

lidi.  The  side  veins  of  a  palm  leaf ;  very  long 
and  thin,  as  such  veins.  L.  nyior :  a  palm- 
leaf  vein ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  L.  kelapa :  id. 
Penyapu  L  :  a  broom  made  of  these  veins. 

Ular  L  :  a  very  thin  snake  ;  Ht,  Kal.  Dam., 
415  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  This  snake  is  a  proverbial 
simile  for  the  insignificant,  as  compared  with 
the  dragon  inaga)  or  elephant,  the  types  of 
the  mighty.  Gajah  di-Ulan  ular  lidi :  an 
elephant  swallowed  by  the  meanest  of  snakes  ; 
the  great  falling  a  victim  to  the  mean ;  Prov. 
Cf.  Ht.  Abd.,  409;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  74,  Naga 
di'telan  tdar  lidi :  a  dragon  swallowed  by  the 
meanest  of  snakes ;  id.  Naga  menjadi  tdar  lidi  : 
a  dragon  becoming  the  meanest  of  snakes ;  a 
fall  from  a  high  estate  to  a  mean  one ;  Prov. 

liyar.  Wild  (in  the  sense  of  "shy,  untamed 
uncivilized,"  but  not  necessarily  "ferocious"). 
Binatang  yang  liyar:  wild  (as  opposed  to 
domestic)  animals.  Orang  L:  wild  men; 
aboriginal  tribesmen ;  cf,  Ht.  Abd.,  383,  389. 

Burong  yang  liyar  jangan  di4epaskan ; 
Khabar  yang  mustahil  jangan  di-dengarkan  : 

do  not  let  loose  an  untamed  bird ;  do  not  listen 
to  impossible  stories;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI.,  25, 

liyor.  Ayerliyor:  saliva;  Ht.  Sh.,  Muj.,  76; 
Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  8.  Ayer  liyor  basi :  the  dirt 
in  the  mouth  on  awaking  in  the  morning. 

lei'a.  The  body ;  the  organs  of  bodily  feeling  ; 
an  abbreviation  of  sclera,  q.  v. 

leret.  Slipping  aw^ay ;  slipping  down ;  dragging 
on.    Cf,  kirtit, 

lerang.  A  strip  or  slip ;  the  strips  in  a  canvas 
sail.  Kain  $a4erang :  a  sarong  made  in  one 
piece,  in  contradistinction  to  one  made  by 
sewing  together  two  strips  {kain  berkampoh). 

lereng  or  (Kedah)  liring.  The  contour  of 
anything ;  the  raised  edge  of  anything  like  a 
plate,  tray  or  dish ;  the  rollers  under  a  piece  of 
furniture;  a  wheel  when  under  the  vehicle. 
Kereta  I. :  a  bicycle. 

lerap.  A  native  (Balinese  ?)  coin.  Main  L  :  a 
way  of  playing  at  "heads  or  tails"  by  twirling 
a  coin  rapidly  between  the  fingers  and  bringing 
down  the  hand  on  it  before  it  ceases  spinning. 

lerek.  Boring  through.  Melerek :  to  bore  a 
hole  into  or  through  anything. 

lira.  Terkeliru  :  dazed  or  muddled  ;  confused ; 
v.  keliru. 


jwJ  liyas.  Invulnerability  by  causing  the  enemy's 
weapons  to  miss  their  mark ;  cf.  kehal,  Bab 
ini  ^azhnat  pengeliyasan  segala  perbuwatan 
orang :  a  charm  to  futilize  all  that  others  may 
do  against  us;  Muj.,  76,  Sa-bagai  lagi  kebal 
dan  pengeliyas  senjata  orang  iiyada  sampai 
kapada  kiia  jika  sampai  tiyada  Inka :  further 
there  are  the  charms  kebal  and  pengeliyas  which 
cause  the  weapons  of  others  to  miss  us  or  if 
they  reach  us  not  to  hurt  us.  i 

O^,^    lesut  or  lisut.     I.     Shrunk  up,  of  fruit ;  folded 
up  into  a  small  space,  of  a  cloth  or  garment. 

II.     Leteli    lisnt :  tired  and    w^eary;    Ht.    Sg. 
Samb.  ;  =  letch  l^su  or  leteh  lisii, 

kJI^J^    leset.     (Onom.)  A  swishing  or  whistling  sound 
cf.  lesit. 

j^    leser.     Mekser  :  to  trail  along  the  ground,  of  a 
long  garment, 

yj^]    lisu.     A  variant  oi  lisut,  I.  and  II.,  q.  v. 

<-**mJ  lisah.  Restless  motion;  the  fidgets.  Menge- 
lisah  or  menggelisah :  to  move  restlessly. 

A.**^    leseh.     Puteh  nieleseh  :  extreme  pallor.    Cf.  lesi. 


t^ 


liyang.     I.     Aperture;  orifice;  hollow;   hole; 
cutting ;  an  open  grave. 

L .  chinchin :  the  hole  in  the  centre  of  a  ring  ; 
Ht.  Hamz.,  32. 

L.  hidong:  the  nostril;  Ht.  Hamz.,  90;  Ht. 
vSg.  Samb. 

L.  lahad :  the  cavity  in  which  a  body  is  laid  ; 
a  part  of  a  Malay  grave. 

L.    luka:   the   orifice   of  a  wound. 

L .  mata  :  the   eye-socket. 

L.  roma :  the  pores  of  the  skin.  Segala  liyang 
roma-nya  pun  titek-lah  peloh :  all  his  pores 
dropped  perspiration ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  86.  Bulu 
liyang  roma :  the  thin  hairs  that  rise  from 
pores  in  the  skin ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

L.  seniut :  an  ant-hole;  Ht.  Mash,,  26. 

Pintn  L  :  the  side  of  an  open  grave. 

Jenazah   terletak   di-piniu   liyang, 
Imam   dan  khdtib  berdiri  sembahyang : 

the  bier  is  laid  by  the  side  of  the  grave ;  the 
priests  and  readers  stand  and  pray. 

II.  Liyang'liyok  or  liyang-liyut :  swaying 
from  side  to  side  when  walking  as  a  drunken 
man  ;  the  rolling  gait  of  a  tiger. 


ij    liyong.     I.     Tali  liyang :  a  sort  of  waist  belt 
Cz       for  carrying  a  keris. 

II.     Liyong'liyong :  a  salt-water  fish  (uniden- 
tified). 


I  Taken  from  a  MS.  treatise  on  medicine  and  sorcery. 


LENGA 


[    627    ] 


LIPAS 


c^ 


LT*^ 


aXS 


C^ti 


lenga.  Dawdling,  wasting  time ;  slow,  sleepy, 
idle,  indolent.  Also  lengah,  Jangan  lenga 
di-laut :  do  not  waste  time  at  sea  ;  Ht.  Abd., 
102.  Takut  di'langgar  kuda  iya  lenga :  he 
went  slowly,  fearing  the  horse  would  attack 
him;  J.  I.  A.,  I.,  81. 

L.  mata:  to  droop,  of  the  eyes,  under  the 
feeling  of  sleepiness.  Sadikit  melenga  mata 
sudah  hilang  barang-nya  :  if  a  man's  eyes  droop 
for  a  moment,  away  go  his  goods;  Pel.  Abd., 
153.  Tuwan  piiteri  pun  lenga-lah  mata-nya 
daripada  memandang  merak  mas  iUi :  the  eyes 
of  the  princess  became  tired  through  watching 
the  golden  peacock ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 


jMJ  lengar  or  lingar.  Melengar,  melingar  or 
menjelingar :  to  glance  sideways ;  cf.  lenga^ 
jeling  and  lengas. 


lengas  or  lingas.  Melengas  :  to  be  averted,  of 
an  angry  countenance.  Terbelingas  puteri 
hongsu :  the  youngest  princess  turned  away 
her  face.  I 


lengah. 

q.  V. 


Idle,  indolent,    sleepy ;   better  lenga^ 


lepa.  1.  Melepa  :  to  plaster ;  to  cover  with 
any  thick  viscous  substance. 

II.  Terlepa :  thrown  or  lying  carelessly 
about ;  sprawling ;  cast  away.  Dudok  terlepa  : 
sitting  carelessly;  sprawling;  Sh.  Jur.  Bud., 
26.  Biyar  terlepa  :  may  I  be  cast  away ;  may 
I  become  an  outcast;  Sh.  Bid.,  117;  Sh.  Ik. 
Trub.,  7,  Badan  terlepa :  sprawling ;  lying 
about,  of  a  man  in  a  careless  attitude;  Ht. 
Sh.;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  7. 

lipat.  Folding  up,  as  one  folds  up  a  piece  of 
cloth  or  a  garment.  Saperti  kain  di-dalam 
lipat :  like  a  sarong  not  yet  unfolded ;  sweet 
and  new:  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  138.  Di-ambil- 
nya  kain,  di4ipat-nya :  he  took  a  sarong  and 
folded  it  up;  Ht.  Mash.,  8. 

Buwah  pauh,   bunga  machang, 
Bunga  pinang   di-dalam  puwan; 

Angkat  sauh,   lipat  kajang, 

Pulati   Pinang   tinggal   tuwan : 

haul  up  the   anchor,    fold   up   the  awning, — 
Penang  is  left  behind  you,  Sir. 

Chapiyau  I. :  a  cocked  hat. 

Lipatan  :  fold  ;  the  folds  of  anything.  Surat 
di'buka  dari  lipatan  :  the  letter  is  opened  out 
from  its  folds;  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  8.  Cf.  also  Ht. 
Raj.  SuL,  25. 

Berlipat :  enfolded  ;  wrapped  up ;  folded  up ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  310;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Pelipatan  :  a  fold.  P,  lutut :  the  hollow  be- 
hind the  knee;  the  intercondyloid  fossa. 
Pelipat  lutut :  id. 

lipit.  A  narrow  fold  (of  thread,  etc.).  Kala  L  : 
(Kedah)  the  common  house-scorpion. 

I     From  a  PdngUpor  Lara  tale. 


C— SJ  liput.  Entirely  encircling  or  covering ;  flood- 
ing or  swamping  or  enfolding;  (by  metaphor), 
permeating,  passing  through  and  through, 
overcoming.  Meliput,  liputi,  and  meliputi:  to 
cover,  to  flood,  to  permeate.  Tujoh  buwah 
bukit  di-liputi  uleh  harnparan  itu :  seven  hills  were 
covered  by  that  carpet;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  63. 
Di-liputi  sinar  paras  puteri  B. :  flooded  by  the 
light  of  the  beauty  of  the  Princess  B. ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  136.  Di-liputi  segala  pembujok  Sang 
Samba  itu :  entirely  conquered  by  the 
endearments  of  Sang  Samba ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb, 

Kalau  tuwan  plrgi  ka-bendang, 
Jangafi  petek  buwah  nuniyah ; 

Tuwan  laksana  bulan  yang  terang 
Chehaya  meliput  sa-rata  dunya : 

my  love  is  as  the  full  moon  whose  brightness 
floods  the  entire  world. 

lepar.  (Singapore.)  The  pole  on  which  the 
kajang  in  a  Malay  boat  rests. 

leper.  I.  Flat,  shallow,  turned  up.  Leper- 
leper:  a  sort  of  decking  running  round  a 
Malay  boat  to  an  inner  combing  (pantok) ;  a 
slight  half-deck. 

II.  Provincial  accent,  brogue,  peculiar 
dialectic  intonation.    Usually  pelat  or  telor, 

jlJ  lipor.  Soothing ;  consolation ;  calming ;  a 
Javanese  equivalent  of  hibor.  L.  hati :  conso- 
lation; Sh.  Jub.  Mai,,  6;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  12; 
Sh.  Ch.  Ber,,  3 ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Ism. 
Yat.,  140. 

Meliporkan  :  to  soothe ;  to  calm  ;  to  console, 
M,  hati  :  to  soothe  the  feelings ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  16 ; 
Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  52  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  M.  lara  : 
to  allay  care  or  distress ;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  35. 

Penglipor  :  consoler.  Pelipor :  id.  Kekaseh-ku, 
penglipor  lara  :  my  love,  the  soother  of  my  cares ; 
Bint.  Tim.,  16  Jan.^  1895.  Taman  penglipor 
lara  :  a  garden  of  delights  ;  a  garden  where  all 
care  is  driven  away ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  82.  Peli- 
por 'dlam  :  one  who  brings  peace  to  the  world ; 
a  world-consoler;  Ht.  Koris.  Penglipor  lara 
is  also  the  name  given  to  a  rhapsodist  or  pro- 
fessional story-teller  in  Johor,  Perak,  and 
Fahang  ;  =  (Kedah)  selampit. 

^oXj  lipas.  A  generic  name  for  cockroaches.  L. 
kudong  :  the  stumpy  (running)  cockroach.  L. 
terbang:  a  flying  cockroach,  SapMi  lipas  ku- 
dong :  like  the  (running)  cockroach ;  a  proverbial 
simile  for  swift  movement  or  energy;  Ht.  Abd., 
g6.  Memanjat  rumah  sapMi  lipas  kudong : 
swarming  up  (the  sides  oO  the  house  like 
cockroaches;  Sh.  K.  G.  T.,  g, 

Permaisuri  raja   berurap-urapan, 
Lipas   di-dinding  timpu  perasan : 

when  royal  queens  perfume  themselves,  the 
cockroaches  on  the  walls  have  to  suffer  for  it 
(being  injured  in  the  excitement);  Prov. 
The  cockroach  is  not  regarded  with  aversion 
but  rather  with  admiration  for  its  swift  move- 
ments. 


LIPIS 


[    628    ] 


LELA 


dS3 


ci3 


i4w^^  China  pHek  birembang, 
Jatoh    sa-biji   di-tepi  pantai ; 

Tuwan  laksana  Upas  terhang^ 
SBhaya   di- burnt   bila   Urchapai : 

my  love  is  like  a  cockroach  that  flies  through 
the  air;  how  can  I,  on  the  ground,  ever  hope 
to  possess  her  ? 

lipis.  Pelipis  or  pelipisan  :  the  temples  (on  the 
human  head). 

lepak.  Beetling,  of  the  brows;  overhanging; 
overflowing,  of  water. 

lipan.  A  centipede,  Sh.  Rej.,  14;  better  Aa/t- 
pan,  q.  v. 

lepoh.  T erlepoh  :  hent,  as  the  limbs;  turned 
or  twisted. 

liyok.  A  twist  or  turn ;  the  writhing  move- 
ments of  a  dancing  girl  or  of  a  fencer  or 
acrobat.  Tiyang  agong  terliyok-liyok :  the 
mainmast  was  bent  and  swaying.  Laksamana 
pun  liyok  sadikit :  the  laksamana  bent  his  body 
round  slightly;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  91.  Liyang- 
liyok  :  the  peculiar  rolling  gait  of  a  tiger. 

leka.  Prolongation  (in  point  of  time); 
lingering  on ;  dallying  with.  Leka  iya  dengan 
menangis:  prolonging  lamentations;  Ht.  Best. 
Leka  dengan  bermain  :  dawdling  away  time  in 
play;  Ht.  Abd.,  21.  Leka  i?tenckiyum  ban: 
lingering  over  the  enjoyment  of  the  fragrance 
of  anything;  Sh.  Bur.  Fungg.,  2.  Memandang 
leka:  taking  a  long  look  at  anything;  Sh. 
Kumb.  Chumb.,  81.  Maka  baginda  pun  leka- 
lah  dengan  puteri  Indira  Seroja :  the  king 
lingered  on  dallying  with  the  Princess  Indra 
Seroja;  Ht.  Koris. 


likat.     Adhesive;  glutinous;  cf.   lekat, 
L  :   sticky  sauce  or  gravy;  syrup.   . 


Kuwah 


lekor.  A  numeral  which  when  suffixed  to  one 
of  the  numbers  from  one  to  nine  signifies  that 
^'twenty"  is  added  to  it,  e.g.,  sa4ekor,  "one 
and  twenty/'  tujoh  lekor,  ** seven  and  twenty/' 
etc.;  V,  Sh.  Rej.,  16;  Marsd.  Gn,  141;  Ht. 
Abd.,  3,  406. 

likas.  A  small  wheel  between  two  uprights. 
In  weaving,  the  skein  is  wound  off  this  wheel. 

lekak.     Melekak  :  to  turn  the  body  round  and 

round;  to  rotate  five  or  six  times;  to  buzz 
round  a  spot,  as  an  insect  which  is  looking 
out  for  a  good  place  to  alight. 

liku.  I.  A  royal  title  occurring  in  romances 
from  Javanese  sources,  e.g.,  Ht.  Sh.,  Ht.  Mas 
Edan,  Sh.  Panj,  Sg.  Paduka  I, :  id.  The 
exact  meaning  is,  however,  doubtful ;  the  word 
is  used  of  a  secondary  queen  or  reigning  mistress 
in  contradistinction  to  the  first  queen  (ratu). 
Anak  L  :  a  prince  or  princess,  the  child  of  a 
secondary  queen ;  Sh.  Panj,  Sg. 


Also  mandaliku, 

n.     An  out  of  the  way  place  ;  a  place  seldom 
^isited  or  inhabited. 

<UO    lekell.     Low ;  mean  ;   idle ;  despicable ;   unable 
to  work. 

^^  ligat.  Whirling  round  and  round;  spinning 
round,  as  a  top ;  rapid  rotation.  Pandangan 
ligat  saperti  gcgasing :  in  appearance  spinning 
round  like  a  top ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  22.  Berpusing- 
pusing  terlalu  ligat:  rotating  with  extreme 
speed;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  31.  Di-kisar-kisar  uleh 
Amir  Haniza  ligat-ligat  saperti  gasing :  Amir 
Hamza  whirled  it  round  making  it  spin  like  a 
top ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  47, 

legar  or  ligar.  Berlegar  :  to  make  the  circuit 
of  the  rice-mill,  of  buffaloes,  oxen,  etc.  The 
animal  is  harnessed  to  a  pole  which  turns  the 
mill-wheel  as  the  animal  makes  the  circuit. 


ligas.     The  swift  motion  of  a  horse ;  a 
or  trot. 


canter 


ligi.  Meligi  :  to  pierce,  of  a  dart  or  other  thin 
sharp  instrument  (seligi) ;  Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  13. 

lela.  L  A  swivel-gun ;  Sh.  Peng.,  17.  Kalau 
ta'-berlela,  baik  beridld-ridld :  if  you  have  no 
cannon,  you  will  do  well  to  agree  to  any  terms ; 
if  you  have  no  power  you  must  put  up  with 
injury;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  37. 

II.  Beloved;  darling; — a  term  of  endear- 
ment. Muda  lela:  a  young  darling;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  36,  150.  Lela  bangsawan :  charming 
and  well-bred;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

III.  Maharaja  lela :  the  title  of  a  high  court 
official,  a  sort  of  Malay  chamberlain  or  master 
of  ceremonies.  Bermaharaja  lela  :  to  play  the 
Maharaja  Lela ;  to  take  liberties ;  to  act  as 
though  the  whole  place  belonged  to  one ; — a 
proverbial  expression  based  upon  the  fact  that 
the  Maharaja  Lela  though  possessed  of  little 
real  power  was  quite  at  home  in  the  palace 
and  had  (in  state  ceremonial)  authority  to 
order  about  men  of  far  greater  importance 
than  himself;  Ht.  Hamz.,  59;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
66. 

IV.  Waving;  brandishing;  raising  one's 
arms  in  the  air  as  a  sign  of  joy.  Dengan  tepok 
tari  lela-nya  tanda  kesukaan :  clapping  and 
dancing  and  waving  the  arms  in  token  of 
pleasure ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

Melela:  to  wave  (intransitive).  Melelakan : 
to  brandish  (anything).  Laksamana  pun  ber- 
bangkit  melelakan  keris-nya :  the  laksamana  rose 
and  brandished  his  keris ;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  87. 

Besi  melela :  steel. 

Gendang  melela :  a  long  drum  one  end  of 
which  is  beaten  with  a  stick  and  the  other 
with  the  hand. 

Keris  melela :  an  undamascened  keris, 

Temenggong  melela :  a  name  sometimes  given 
to  the  plant,  gandarusa  ;  justicia  gandarusa. 


LILIT 


[    629    ] 


LIMAU 


o-U 


^ 

^ 
& 


lilit.  Winding  round ;  coiling  round.  Di4ilit 
akav :  with  a  liana  coiled  round  one;  in  the 
coils  of  a  climbing  plant ;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  38  ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Di-tindeh  yang  berat,  di-lilit 
yang  panjang :  borne  down  by  the  heavy  and 
enfolded  in  the  coils  of  the  long ; — the  fate 
of  the  humble  who  can  do  nothing  to  resist 
the  great ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  35. 

Melilit :  to  wind  round ;  to  coil  round.  Maka 
ular  Udi  itu-pun  kehiwar-lah  datang  melilit  kaki 
Langlang  Samudera :  the  long  thin  snake  came 
out  and  coiled  itself  about  the  feet  of  Langlang 
Samudra  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  Melilit  panji-panji : 
to  wind  pennons  round  their  staves ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Panjang   rambut    Siti  Juwita, 

Panjang   melilit   ibu   kaki; 
Intan,   zamrud,   cheremin   mata, 

Tuwan  sa-orang   mahkota  hati : 

long  are  the  darling  lady's  tresses,  long  enough 
to  entwine  themselves  round  her  ankles. 

leler  or  (Kedah)  lilir.  I.  Flowing  slowly; 
trickling  down.  Ayer  liyor-nya  pun  berleleran  : 
with  saliva  trickling  down  from  the  mouth ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 

II.     Lelek'leler  :  careless ;  slovenly,  of  work. 

lelang.  [Port. :  leilao,]  Auction ;  selling  by 
auction  ;  Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  g.     Usually  lelong, 

lelong.  I.  A  land  measure;  a  fourth  of  an 
orlong. 

II.  Jalan  melelong  :  to  walk  unsteadily. 

III.  [Port. :  leilao,]  Auction ;  sale  by  auction. 
Di-lelong  herta-nya :  his  property  was  sold  by 
auction  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  216.  Stirat  L  :  an  order  to 
sell  by  auction  ;  Ht,  Abd.,  278.  Tempat  L  :  a 
salesroom ;  Ht.  Abd.,  226.  Lelongkan :  to 
have  (property)  sold  by  auction ;  Ht.  Abd.,  449. 

lilang.     Wax  ;  a  candle  ;  Muj.,  18 ;  =  lilin,  q.  v. 
lelek.     Lelek'leler :  ca.reless;  slovenly,  of  work. 

lilin.  Wax  ;  a  wax  taper ;  a  candle.  L.  lebah  : 
beeswax.  L,  sambang :  beeswax  found  in  an 
abandoned  nest.  Kain  I. :  waxed  sarongs  of 
Javanese  make ;  Ht.  Abd.,  283.  Duwa  lilin 
t^rpasang :  two  lighted  candles ;  Ht.  Abd.,  287, 
Makan  sa-rasa  Itlin :  to  taste  wax  in  food,  — 
the  condition  of  an  anxious  or  preoccupied 
man  who  is  unable  to  enjoy  his  meals ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  158. 

Burong  L  :  the  (smaller)  hornbill. 

lilau.  Melilau:  to  totter,  of  a  man  who  has 
received  a  heavy  blow  and  is  about  to  fall ;  to 
reel,  of  a  sick  or  dizzy  man.     Cf.  lelong,  II. 

leleh.  Flowing  gently ;  trickling  or  running 
down  of  water,  tears,  etc.  Meleleh :  to  flow 
slowly,  to  trickle.  Meleleh  ayer  mata :  to  let 
one's  tears  flow;  Ht.  Abd.,  267;  Sh.  Sing. 
Terb.,  48.  Berlelehan  ayer  liyor :  foaming  at 
the  mouth  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Saperti  ayer  meleleh  dari 
sungai:  like  water  trickling  away  from  the 
main  stream;  Ht.  Jay,  Lengg.  Kalau  getah 
melelehy  kalau  daun  melayang :  if  sap,  it  trickles 
down,  if  leaf,  it  flies  away;  flesh  and  blood 


\ 

1^ 


(relatives)  stick  to  one,  casual  acquaintances 
desert  one ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI.,  38. 

Leleh  is  also  used  of  the  sarong  slipping  down 
somewhat  when  not  attended  to. 


Ikan    lele :     a    mud-fish ;     clarias 


lele.    Jav. 

punctatus. 

lima.  I.  Five  ;  the  old  Indonesian  word  for 
the  hand  (with  five  fingers).  Lima  belas : 
fifteen.  L.  lekor :  five  and  twenty.  Kelima : 
all  five.  Yang  kelima :  the  fifth.  Berlima : 
making  five  in  all ;  with  four  others. 
Buku  L  :  the  knuckles. 

Ketika  L  :  the  Five  Ominous  Times  ;  a  division 
of  the  day  or  night  into  five  sections  each 
presided  over  by  a  Hindu  divinity  (Maheswara, 
Vishnu,  Sri,  Brahma,  and  Kala).  The  presid- 
ing divinity  exercises  a  good  or  sinister 
influence,  rendering  it  important  for  Malay 
soothsayers  to  calculate  out  which  divinity 
will  be  the  presiding  one  at  a  certain  time. 

Penglima  or  (Kedah)  panglema :  a  warrior;  a 
leader  in  war.  P.  kanan  and^.  kiri :  **wing" 
officers,  in  a  Malay  force.  Cf.  penghulu  (the 
"head'');  th^ penglima  being  the  ''hand." 

II.  A  name  given  to  a  number  of  plants 
(species  of  xanthophyllum). 

limar.  A  rich  cloth  mentioned  in  romances ; 
Ht.  Mas.  Ed. ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

limor.  Sambar  limor,  sabor  L  or  sambor  L :  dusk ; 
twilight ;  late  evening. 

limas.  The  shape  of  a  low  pyramid  with  a 
quadrangular  base ;  the  shape  of  a  roof  with 
the  tiles  sloping  down  to  all  four  sides  and  not 
from  a  ridge  pole  to  two  sides  only;  a  roof 
culminating  in  a  point  instead  of  in  a  ridge ;  a 
sort  of  cup  made  in  the  jungle  by  folding  up  a 
palm  leaf  till  it  looks  something  like  an  inverted 
pyramid. 

A  tap  L  :  a  pyramidal  roof. 

Balai  L :  an  open  hall  with  a  pyramidal  or 
very  short-ridged  roof.  Rumah  L :  a  house 
with  such  a  roof. 

Chinchin  L  :  a  ring  set  with  a  stone  cut  to  a 
low  pyramidal  shape. 

leman.     I.    Jav.     An  elephant. 

II.     An  abbreviation  of  Sulaimdn,  q.  v. 

limajl.     A  cloth  ;  Ht,  Koris ;  =  limar  ? 

limiin.  The  art  of  making  oneself  invisible ; 
invisibility;  Muj.,  69.     See  halimun. 

limau.  A  generic  name  for  oranges,  limes, 
lemons,  etc. 

L.  hutan  :  a  small  tree ;  acronychia  porteri, 

L.   kapas:   the   common    lime,    citrus  acida ; 

Muj.,  58 ;  Ht.  Koris. 
£.  karam :  a  bad  lot;  a  family  that  never 

comes  to  any  good. 
L.  kedangsa :  =  /.  kapas, 
L,  kesturi :  the  lime;  Ht.  Abd.,  387  ;  =  L  kapas, 
L. -limau :  a  shrub ;  gelonium  bif avium, 
L.manis:  the  orange,  citrus  aurantium;  Ht. 

Abd.,  363,  470 ;  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  4. 


79 


LENA 


[    630    ] 


mA 


^ 


J. 


.^ 


L.  nipis :  the  lime,  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. ;  =  L 
kapas. 

L,  ptirut :  the  lime ;  =  /.  kapas. 

L,  wangkang :  the  Chinese  orange;  citrus 
aurantium,  var, 

Putus  L  :  to  pay  a  fee  to  a  sorcerer  when  his 
promises  are  justified  by  results. 

Berlimau :  to  use  limes  in  washing ;  Ht.  Mash., 
58.^  Mandi  berlimau  :  id. ;  Ht.  Mash.,  53,  The 
lime  is  cut  in  two  and  the  two  parts  are  rubbed 
on  the  body. 

Pelimau:  a  bathing-place  (for  the  mandi 
berlimau) ;  Ht.  Best.;  Ht.  Mash.,  9. 

lena.  Slumbering,  sleeping,  napping  through 
weariness.  Tidor  I. :  sound  sleep.  Beradu  ta'- 
lena :  to  sleep  unsoundly;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri.,  5. 

L.ayam:  sleep  which  is  broken  at  the  least 
sound  of  danger, 

L.  pelandok :  sleep  with  the  eyes  open. 

Lenakan  :  to  put  to  sleep,  to  cause  to  slumber ; 
Sh.  Ibl.,  8. 

Tirlena  :  sent  to  sleep ;  lulled ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
no. 


(j^    linus.     A  plant  (unidentified) ;  Kl 


lenang.  I.  Berlenang  or  berlenang-lenang :  to 
fall  in  drops;  to  distil; — used  especially  of 
tears  falling  (Ht.  Abd.,  117,  282;  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya;  Sh.  Lamp.,  30;  Sh.  Bid.,  28),  but  also 
of  perspiration  dropping  (Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  105). 
Lenang'lenang  is  also  a  common  chorus  be- 
tween the  lines  of  a  pantun, 

n.     Calm,  of  water. 

Unau.  A  red-stemmed  variety  of  the  betel-nut 
palm;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI., 87. 

liyau.     Meliyau  :  (Kedah)  to  fester ;  to  run,  of 


a  sore. 


boat. 


LiyU'liyti :  the  stern  paddle  in  a  Malay 


enam 


lewat.     I.     Past,    after.     Lewat    pukul 
hampir-lah  kelam  :  after  six  o'clock  when  it  was 
nearly  dark ;  Bint.  Timor,  6  March^  1895. 

n.  Hurry,  speed,  rapidity.  Chepat  lewat: 
quickly,  quickly;  hurry  up.  Di4ewatkan-nya 
pula  s^bab  iya  rasa  gajah  itu  ada  di-belakang-nya  : 
he  hurried  because  he  felt  that  the  elephant 
was  behind  him ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

lewar.  MBlewar :  to  fly  about  in  large  numbers, 
of  birds;  to  dart  about,  of  large  numbers  of 
any  animal  or  bird  or  fish. 


4 


>J 


^ 


Banyak   burong  terbang  mSlewar, 
B^rmain  di-taman  dewa  dewata : 

many  birds  are  wheeling  about  the  sky, 
disporting  themselves  in  the  gardens  of  the 
gods. 

leha.  (Penang),  Lingering  over;  dawdhng 
over ;  prolonging.    Better  leka. 

lihat.  To  see ;  sight.  SMa  di4ihat-nya  nak- 
hoda  itu  :  when  he  saw  the  captain ;  Ht.  Abd.,  44. 

Lihati :  to  see ;  to  inspect ;  to  look  over ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  25 ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  17 ;  Sh.  Pr. 
Turk.,  12.  Melihati:  id.;  Sej.  Mai.,  76;  Sh. 
Jur.  Bud.,  10.  Melihatkan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  74, 
90,  108 ;  Marsd.  Gr.,  144.  Perlihatkan :  id. ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  142. 

Kelihatan  :  sight,  visibility.  Maka  datang-lah 
pada  tiga  hari  pelayaran  kelihatan  kapal  itu : 
after  three  days'  sail  the  ships  came  in  sight ; 
Cr.  Gr.,  79.    Cf.  also  Ht.  Abd.,  328. 

Melihat :  to  see  (intransitive).  Tuhan  yang 
amat  melihat ;  God  the  All-seeing  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  411. 
Orang  buta  itu-pun  dapat-lah  melihat :  the  blind 
man  managed  to  see ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  47. 

Pelihat:  the  sense  of  sight;  Muj.,  ig. 
Penglihat :  id. ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  156  ;  also  insight ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  50. 

Pelihatan  :  the  sight ;  the  range  of  sight ;  Muj., 
20.  Penglihatan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  no,  317,  455  ; 
Sh.  Bid.,  47. 

leher.  The  neck.  Di-gantongkan  di-leher-ku 
supaya  malu :  it  was  hung  round  my  neck  so 
that  I  might  be  put  to  shame ;  Ht.  Abd.,  36. 

Leher -ny a  jinjang :  her  (or  his)  neck  was 
tapering  ;  a  mark  of  beauty ;  Ht.  Abd.,  86 ;  Sh, 
Bid.,  21 ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Leher -ny a  tenggelam  : 
he  had  a  bull-neck;  Ht.  Abd.,  328. 

Batang  L :  the  column  of  the  neck ;  Ht. 
Abd,,  402. 

Kerat  L  :  to  cut  the  throat ;  Sej.  Mai.,  79. 

Panggal  L :  to  cut  through  the  neck ;  to 
behead;  Sej.  Mai.,  78. 

linyar.  Smooth  sailing,  of  a  boat;  gliding 
through  the  water.     Also  linyang. 

linyang.  =  linyar,  q.  v. 

I     Cf.  also  the  following  pantuns:  — 

Menyelam  di-Acheh  di-Batu  Burok, 
Yti  sa?nbaran  datang  melewar;  etc. 

Hari  senja  ay  am  naik  seron, 
Tikus  mHewar  m^nchari  paksa;  etc. 


r 


The  letter  mtm ;  the  twenty-eighth  letter  of 
the  Malay  Alphabet ;  the  symbol  for  the 
number  40  in  the  Abjad,  q.  v. 


u 


ma.     I.    Arab.    That  which. 
II.     Arab.     Not. 


MA' 


[    631    ] 


MATA 


*'Va    ma'.     Mother;  Cr.  Gr.,  65  ;  =  emak  and  mak. 

IjU  mabok.  Intoxication;  giddy  sickness;  sea- 
sickness. Merah-lah  saperti  hunga  raya  sebab 
mabok :  red  as  the  hibiscus  flower  because  of 
their  intoxication  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  313. 

M.  andam  :  overcome  by  the  bridal  trimming 
of  the  hair ;  suffused  with  blushes,  as  a  bride, 
or  (ironically)  over-eager  to  be  married,  of  a 
girl;  cf.J.  S.A.  S.,  XXIV.,  93. 

M.  berahi :  intoxicated  with  the  passion  of 
love;    Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  77. 

M,  bunga  selaseh  :  drunk  and  swaying  like  the 
sweet-basil;  very  drunk;  Ht.  Hamz.,  52; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

M.  chendawan :  intoxicated  as  a  person  who 
has  eaten  toad-stools  for  mushrooms;  (by 
metaphor)  love-sick,  of  a  w^oman ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  75,  142;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

M,  darah  :  (i)  faint  from  loss  of  blood ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  247 ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah, ;  (2)  faint  at  the  sight 
of  blood  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

i¥.  gadong :  intoxicated  with  the  narcotic 
tubers  of  the  gadong  (dioscorea  dcemommt) ; 
( by  metaphor)  love-sick,  of  a  man  ;  Ht.  Perb. 
Jaya.     Also  w.  gadong  kechubong ;    Ht.  Koris. 

M .  hiyas :  overcome  by  the  excitement  of 
adorning  oneself,  as  a  girl  at  a  mirror;  Sh. 
Peng.,  4. 

M.  kecJmbong:  intoxicated  with  datura 
poison  ;  (by  metaphor)  love-sick,  of  a  man  ;  = 
m,  gadong, 

M.  kepayang :  intoxicated  through  eating  the 
kepayang  fruit ;    Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  102. 

M.  ombak :  sea-sick ;  Cr.  Gr.,  63.  Sea- 
sickness is,  however,  often  expressed  by  the 
word  mabok  alone,  e.g.,  Sh.  Sri  Ben,,  82. 

M.  pinang :  the  feeling  produced  by  chewing 
betel;  Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  105. 

M.  selaseh :  =  m.  bunga   selaseh. 

M.  tahi'telinga  :  confused  with  incessant  talk ; 
intoxicated  with  the  exuberance  of  the  ver- 
bosity of  others. 

Btiwah  m. :  the  produce  of  plants  ( such  as 
the  kepayang,  gadong,  kechubong,  etc.)  which 
produce  narcotic  or  intoxicating  effects. 

Memabokkan:   to    intoxicate;    Sh.    IbL,    11. 
^Va    mabai.     A  tree  (unidentified). 

^\^  mata.  The  eye ;  the  focus ;  the  central  fea- 
ture of  anything :  the  blade  of  a  knife ;  the 
point  of  a  spear;  a  point  of  the  compass. 
Silap  mata  pechah  kcpala  :  if  the  eye  is  lax  the 
head  is  broken  ;  if  we  do  not  attend  to  things, 
ruin  follows;  Prov.  Saperti  geregaji  duwa 
mata :  like  a  double-edged  saw  ( which  cuts 
whichever  way  you  draw  it) ;  the  horns  of  a 
dilemma;  Prov.,  J,  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  139. 

M .  'aldmat :  the  bull's-eye  in  a  target ;  also 
m.  lamat. 

M.  angin  :  the  point  of  the  compass  from 
which  the  wind  is  blowing;  the  eye  of  the 
wind. 


M.  ayam  :  a  plant,  baccaurea  brevipes. 

M.  ayer :  a  spring. 

M.  bedil :  the  muzzle  of  a  fire-arm. 

M.  belanak  :  the  focus  of  the  patterns  formed 
by  the  lines  on  a  cushion  of  the  finger. 

M.  benda  :  property  in  small  compass ;  valu- 
ables;   Sej.  Mai.,  35. 

M.  btjt  saga  :  bloodshot  eyes. 

M.  bilas :  blear-eyed. 

M,  bis7d :  (1)  the  head  of  a  boil ;  (2)  a  plant, 
aglaonema  commutata. 

M.  buku :  a  knot  in  wood ;  the  centre  of  the 
knot. 

M.  chemperling :  with  naturally  red-lidded 
eyes;  ** red-eyed  as  the  chemperling  bird." 

M.  daching :  the  marks  on  a  spring-balance 
showing  the  weights. 

M.  dagangan:  the  valuables;  =  m.  benda. 

M.  didi :  the  ankle ;  Ht.  Koris ;  =  m.  kaki, 
but  more  polite. 

M.  gobek  :  the  blade  of  the  betel-nut  pounder. 

M.  gunting:  the  point  of  a  pair  of  scissors. 

M,  hart :  the  sun.  M.  hart  naik,  m,  hari 
tcrhit  or  m.  hari  hidop :  sunrise.  M.  hati 
turun  or  m.  hari  matt :  sunset.  Saperti  bulan 
dengan  mata  hart :  like  the  sun  and  moon ;  a 
dazzling  combination; — used  of  a  bride  and 
bridegroom. 

M.  hati :  the  "focus  of  the  heart"  ;  the  eye  of 
mental  perception. 

M.  hndang :  the  name  of  a  small  aroid  ;  agla- 
onema  minus. 

M.  ikan:  (i)  "fishes'  eyes;"  (2)  pock-marks. 

M.  jalan  :  an  outpost ;  a  scout ;  Cr.  Gr.,  63. 

M. piling:  a  cast  in  the  eye;  squint-eyed; 
cross-eyed, 

M.  kail :  a  fish-hook. 

M,  kakap  :  the  plug-hole  in  a  boat. 

M.  kaki :  the  inner  ankle  bone. 

M.  kayu :  a  knot  in  wood. 

M.  keli:  the  eye  of  the  keli  fish;  a  name 
given  to  a  plant,  gynotroches  axillaris, 

M.  kepala :  the  eye  as  the  organ  of  vision,  in 
contradistinction  to  the  power  of  mental  per- 
ception {mata  hati). 

M.  kcris :  the  blade  of  a  keris ;  Sej.  MaL,  146. 

M.ketambatu:  "crab's  eye";  a  name  given 
to  a  plant,  gomphia  sumatrana. 

M.  kuching:  "cat's  eyes";  a  well-known 
fruit,  nephelium  malayense.  Damar  m.  kuching  : 
a  valuable  damar  obtained  from  hopea  globosa. 

M.  lamat :  the  bull's-eye  in  a  target;  =  mata 
Uildmat. 

M.  lenibu  :  the  eye  of  an  ox.  Siput  m.  lembu  : 
a  well-known  shell. 

M.  liyar :  wild-eyed,  as  a  frightened  man; 
Ht,  Abd,,  382. 

M.  luka :  the  orifice  of  a  wound ;  Ht.  Hg. 
Tuw.,  95. 


MATA 


[    632    ] 


MATI 


M.  mata :  (in  independent  Malaya)  a  minor 
official ;  a  satellite  or  myrmidon  of  an  officer 
such  as  the  shah-bandar  whose  duties  necessi- 
tated the  employment  of  a  staff  of  men ;  (in 
English  territories  generally)  a  policeman ;  (in 
Malacca  only)  a  penghtdu's  assistant  or  atten- 
dant. Mata-mata  gelap  :  a  detective.  Di-mata- 
mata :  publicly ;  in  public ;  in  the  open. 
Mengaleh  kain  payah  juga  ka-cherok,  mengaleh 
chakap  di-mata-mata  sehaja :  changing  one's 
clothes  must  be  done  in  a  hidden  corner  and 
is  inconvenient,  but  changing  one's  word  (lying) 
may  be  done  in  public ;  Prov.  Sa-mata-mata  : 
obviously,  clearly,  plainly.  Di-mata  or  di-mata- 
mata  is  also  used  of  **  having  before  one's 
eyes  "  ;  e,g,,  hanya4ah  nuri  di-mata-mata :  the 
nuri  alone  is  always  before  my  eyes ;  Sh.  Bur. 
Nuri,  16. 

M,  menentang :  eye  to  eye ;  face  to  face. 

M.  meriyam :  the  vent  of  a  cannon. 

M.  panah  :  the  point  of  an  arrow. 

M.  pasak  :  blue  eyes ;  grey  eyes. 

M.  patong : "  doll's  eyes  " ;  staring  prominent 
eyes. 

Af.  pedang :  the  edge  of  a  sword. 

M,  pidoman :  the  needle  of  a  compass. 

M.  pelandok :  *' mouse-deer's  eye";  a  plant 
with  red  berries ;  ardisia  crenata,  M,  pelandok 
gajah :  ardisia  villosa, 

M.  pisau :  the  blade  of  a  knife ;  Ht.  Abd.,  301. 

M.  punai :  (i)  "  green-pigeon's  eyes " ; 
(2)  the  lozenge  pattern  of  a  grille ;  a  grille 
or  cross-grating ;  (3)  the  name  of  a  plant, 
antidesma  bunias, 

M.  sabun :  pale-eyed ;  white-eyed. 

M.  seluwang :  the  eyes  of  the  sehiwang  fish 
(which  are  blinded  in  magic  practices  to  bring 
blindness  on  another  person) ;  eyes  that  are 
blind  but  look  sound, — blindness  in  such  cases 
being  attributed  to  magic  art.  Chuchok  mata 
seluwang :  magic  art  of  this  sort. 

M.  susu :  the  nipple  of  the  breast. 

M.  tombak:  a  spear-point;  Sej.  MaL,  142. 

M.  tong :  the  bung  of  a  cask. 

M.  ular :  "  snake's  eyes " ;  a  tree,  randia 
densiflora. 

M.  wang :  hard  cash  ;  specie. 

Anak  m, :  the  pupil  of  the  eye. 

Ayer  m. :  tears;  Ht.  Abd.,  16,  193,  282,  etc. 

Bermain  m, :  to  cast  amorous  glances ;  to 
carry  on  a  flirtation  with  the  eyes;  J.  I.  A., 
L,  82 ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  142. 

Biji  m, :  the  eye-ball,  either  literally  (Ht. 
Abd.,  30)  or  as  a  term  of  endearment  (Ht,  Gul. 
Bak.,  43). 

Bulu  m. :  the  eyelashes;  Sej.  MaL,  114. 

Chehaya  m, :  "  light  of  the  eyes  "  ;  a  term  of 
endearment ;  Ht.  Gul,  Bak.,  103. 

Cheremin  m, :  eye-glasses ;  spectacles ;  Ht.  Si 
Misk.,  62  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  24. 

Ekor  m. :  the  corner  of  the  eye.  Kereling 
dengan  ekor  mata :  to  glance  significantly  out  of 
the  corner  of  the  eye  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  125. 


Kelopak  m. :  the  eye-lids. 

Liyang  m, :  the  eye-socket. 

Orang-orangan  m. :  the  image  in  the  pupil  of 
the  eye. 

Pohunjn, :  the  interior  angle  of  the  eye, 

Puteh  m. :  being  put  to  shame,  Biyar  puteh 
tulang  jangan  puteh  mata :  better  death  than 
shame  ;  Prov.,  v,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI.,  26.  See  s.  v. 
puteh.  The  expression  also  occurs  :  Ht.  Koris  ; 
Sh.  Peng. ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  34. 

Silap  m. :  (i)  false  pretences ;  Ht.  Abd.,  160 ; 
(2)  conjuror's  tricks. 

Terus  m. :  clearness  of  vision ;  second  sight, 
Ht.  Best. 

Tukang  silap  m. :  a  conjuror ;  Bint.  Timor, 
4  April,  1895.     Also  tukang  gelap  m, 

Mata  is  occasionally  used  in  the  sense  of  the 
"  evil  eye."  Daripada  kejahatan  mata  jin  dan 
manusiya :  from  the  evil  wrought  by  the  eye  of 
demons  and  men  ;  Muj.,  7.  Menginai  m. ;  to 
be  hurt  by  the  evil  eye;  e.g.,  barang-siapa  mem- 
bacha  atas  orang  yang  mengenai  mata  orang 
neschaya  semboh  :  whoever  recites  this  over  a 
man  afflicted  by  the  evil  eye  of  another  will 
certainly  cause  him  to  recover;  Muj.,  9. 

Mata  is  also  occasionally  used  as  a  classifier 
of  objects  which  have  an  orifice  through  the 
centre,  e,g.,  of  the  rungs  of  a  ladder  (Ht.  Bakht., 
49;  Sej.  MaL,  141,  159)  or  of  the  meshes  of  a 
net  (Ht.  Ind.  Meng.). 

Sa-mata or  sa-mata-mata :  like;  almost  exactly; 
— really  semata  [Skr.  samatd] . 

;\^    matab.     (Straits   Settlements.)     Blue   lights ; 
Roman  candles. 


y\^    matang.     Permatang  :  a  strip  of  rising  ground 

lL         (generally  an  old  beach)  in  swamps  lying  near 

the  sea.     Also  phnatang ;    Ht.  P.  J.    P.    Cf 

batang ;  a  permatang  stretches  across  the  padi- 

fields. 

i3\^    mateng.     Jav.     Quite     ripe;    quite     cooked. 
C         Masak  pada  api  sampai  mateng :  cook  it  at  the 
fire  till  it  is  quite  cooked, 

^^    matah.     (Kedah.)     Raw ;  =  mentah,  q.  v. 

J  \_^    mati.     Death  ;  dead ;  finality. 

Bukan-nya  mudah  pekerjaan  mati, 

Di-buka  peti   di-laut   api 

Tidak    buleh  pahlawan   kombali  : 

death  is  no  light  thing ;  when  the  coffin  opens 
it  is  in  the  sea  of  fire,  and  for  the  dead  warrior 
there  is  no  return ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

M.  beragan  :  to  preserve  in  death  the  appear- 
ance of  life ;  to  die  without  visible  sign  of  injury. 

M.  di-bunoh :  death  by  violence :  a  form  of 
imprecation  meaning  **  destined  to  come  to  a 
bad  end."  Mirak  mati  di-bunoh  ini :  this  ill- 
omened  peacock;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  160.  Mati 
di-salang :  death  at  the  executioner's  hands,  a 
similar  expression. 


MAJA 


[    633    ] 


MARA 


M.  lernas  :  death  by  suffocation  or  drowning. 

Mati-mati  :  persistently,  steadily ;  as  much  or 
as  far  as  possible. 

M.  modar :  to  die  choked. 

M.  puchok  :  loss  of  virility ;  impotence. 

A  ngin  m, :  wind  that  has  died  away ;  (by 
metaphor)  dead  passion  or  lust. 

Belanja  m. :  fixed  allowance ;  fixed  salary. 

Geran  m,:  (Straits  Settlements)  a  freehold 
title  for  land. 

Herga  m. :  fixed  price ;  final  price  or  reserve 
below  which  no  sale  takes  place. 

Stmpul  m, :  a  knot  which  is  not  a  slip-knot 
or  running  knot ;  a  knot  which  is  not  intended 
to  be  loosed. 

Tanah  in, :  land  on  freehold  tenure. 

Matikan  :  to  kill ;  to  put  an  end  to ;  to  render 
definite  or  final;  to  fix;  Ht.  Abd.,  28,318, 
483.     Mematikan  :  to  slay ;  Ht.  Abd.,  160. 

Kematiyan :  the  dying  of;  the  terminating  of; 
death.  Perempuwan  ycing  kematiyan  sum  ami- 
nya ;  a  woman  whose  husband  is  dead ;  a 
widow;  Ht.  Abd.,  65.  K.  angin  :  the  dying 
away  of  the  wind  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  118. 

7^\^    maja.     I.     A  generic  name  for  a  number  of 
^         plants;     Ht.    Koris.,    Ht.    Ind.    Meng.     Also 

manja. 
Maja-pahit,  maja-kani,  maja-keling  and  maja- 

lawai :  plants  (unidentified). 

II.  A  salt-water  shell-fish  (unidentified). 

III.  A  contraction  of  semaja  ;=:sengaja  or 
sehaja^  q.  v. 

\>-U  majal.  Short,  stumpy.  Pisau  m. :  a  short 
broad  knife;  Sh.  Jub.  Mai.,  16. 

^V*    majum.     (Kedah.)     Oakum,   especially  when 
P  used  in  the  bows  of  a  boat. 

a>-U  maju.  To  progress;  to  advance;  progress; 
(by  metaphor)  prosperity;  Bint.  Timor,  23 
Feb,,  1895. 

a  fabulous  giant. 
_  aperti  Ydjuj  wa  Mdjuj  kelnwav-lah  dari-dalam 
bukitKdf:  like  Gog  and   Magog  issuing  from 

Mount  Kaf;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 


7-a>-U    majftj-     Arab.    Magog; 
Clrr*  Saperti   Ydjuj  wa  Mdjuj 


\j^    majoh.     Gluttonous  in  eating. 


Ap- 


-•Va    macha.     I.       A     small     shell-fish;       Marsd. 
^         Better  maja, 

II.     Jav.     To  read;  to  recite  ;  to  intone  ;  = 

bacha, 

^j^\a    machis.     Eng.   Matches ;  Sh.  Kamp.  Boy.,  3. 

jc>\a    machang.       (Kedah.)       The      horse-mango, 
C-?  mangiferafcetida.   Also  membachang,  embachang, 

bachangy  etc.     Sakit  m, :    inflammation  of  the 

lymphatic  glands. 


U  macham.  Tam. ?  Sort,  type,  model;  as: 
M acham-macham  :  of  sorts  ;  various  kinds  of. 
A  pa  macham :  how.  Macham  ini :  in  this 
way.  The  word  is  very  common  in  *' Bazaar'* 
Malay ;  it  also  occurs  :  Ht.  Abd.,  149,  354. 


rf>\^    machan.     Jav.     The  tiger;    Ht.    Sg.   Samb.; 
^-^*  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  69;  Cr.  Gr.,  25. 

C^^U  madat.  I.  [Hind.  madad.]  Prepared 
opium;  chandu ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  100;  Ht. 
Abd.,  410,  477;  Sh.  Ibl.,  II. 

II.  A  turret;  awatchtower;  a  part  of  the 
battlements  {madat-nya  herti-nya  bangun- 
bangunan-nya) ;    Pel.  Abd.,  56. 

A^U    madam.     I.      [Eng.:    madam,]       A   lady   of 
r  rank;  J.  LA.,  I.,  82. 

II.  Heaviness;  sluggishness  of  thought; 
from  padarn  ? 

Madam-lah  pikir,  patah-lah   kera, 
Di-tempoh   tdeh   duka   sangsara : 

dulled    is    thought,    broken    the    power      of 
reckoning,  crushed  by  sorrow  and  grief. 

Penyakit  m, :  a  disease  the  reputed  symptoms 
of  which  are  general  depression  and  inability 
to  perspire. 

a^Va    madu.     1.     [Skr.     madhu:    sweet.]       Sweet- 
^  ness;  honey.     Ayev  madu  :   honey;  Ht,  Abd., 

25.     Laut  madu :   an  ocean  of  sweetness;     a 
sea  of  honey  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  221 ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 

II.  The  relationship  or  rivalry  between 
women  married  to  the  same  husband. 
Sunggoh-pun  bermadti  belum  perenah  lagi 
berbantah  sa-patah  sa-orang :  although  they 
were  wives  of  the  same  husband  they  had 
never  had  the  least  quarrel ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
' A  ztmat  perempuwan  tiyada  mahu  bermadu :  a 
charm  for  use  by  women  w^ho  do  not  wish  to 
have  fellow-wives;  Muj.,  86.  Harap-lah 
engkau  jadi  madu-hu :  do  you  hope  to  become 
my  fellow-wife ;  Sh.  Bid.,  31.  The  word  is 
also  used  of  rivals  in  love  generally. 

A  pa   takiit   melawan   hantu ; 

Hantu   a  da   di-balek   tiyang ; 
A  pa   takiit   melawan   madu, 

S ama -san i a   kcris   di-pinggang : 

why  should  I  fear  to  fight  my  rival,  we  both 
alike  wear  a  keris  at  our  waists. 

III.  Madu  kara:3L  silk  cloth  interwoven 
with  gold. 

IV.  Madu  manchong :  coming  to  a  point ; 
the  meeting  of  two  lines. 

ey^  madah.  [Arab.  madah.]  Saying.  Ber- 
madah  :  to  say ;  to  utter  ;  to  speak.  Madah- 
kan  :   id. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  79. 

\jk  mara.  I.  [Skr.  mdra,]  Danger;  mis- 
fortune;  calamity.  Sunggoh-pun  banyakmara- 
nya  di-jalan  :  although  there  are  many  perils 
on  the  way;  Ht.  Abd.,  215. 


MARUT 


[    634    ] 


MASEH 


Rimau  ptmtong   kena  penjara, 
PUandok   kechil  mhiolakkan   mara : 

when  the  black  panther  was  entrapped  the 
little  mousedeer  removed  the  danger  from  it 
(the  fable  of  the  lion  and  the  mouse) ;  Prov. 
Mara-behaya:  danger,  risk,  peril;  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Usually  pronounced 
merbahya, 

Bermara  :  to  meet  calamity ;  to  perish ; 
Sej.  MaL,  159. 

II.  Advance.  Lalu  sama  tampil  mengulang 
mara  :  then  they  dashed  forw^ard  to  renew  the 
advance;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

III.  Kota  mara  :  the  permanent  bulwark  of 
the  battery  in  a  Malay  piratical  ship,  in 
contradistinction  to  the  removable  gun-shields 
(apilan)  which  were  only  borne  in  action;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg. 

'^  .V*    marut.     CharuUmamt :  very  vile,  of  swearing ; 
-^  an  intensifier  oi  charut;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


lTJ 


Cl> 


\^    maras.     Anger  ;  a  dialectic  variant  of  marah  ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

\^    marak.     To  flare  up,  of  a  flame. 
\jk    maru.     An  evil  spirit  of  disease. 


JL> 


^\j,    marah.     I.     Anger,  wrath;    Ht.  Abd.,  37,  94, 

-^  99,  etc.     Marah  jangan  di-pukaf,  razki  jangan 

di'tolak  :   never  net  anger  nor  drive  away  your 

daily  bread ;  never  quarrel  needlessly  or  reject 

a  proffered  service ;    Prov. 

M.  angin  :    idle  threats. 

Kemarahan  :  a  source  or  cause  of  anger ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  39. 

Memarahkan  :  to  rouse  anger  in  another ;  to 
make  a  person  angry  or  to  become  angry  with 
a  person  ;  Sh.  UL,  20. 

II.     A  Sumatran  royal  title;  usually  met  ah, 

^jU  mari.  The  place  from  which  one  speaks; 
here;  "come  here."  Ka-mari :  hither.  Bawa 
ka-mari :    bring  hither  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  36. 

In  the  Straits  Settlements  mart  is  often  used 
with  the  meaning  "  come."  Mart  sini  :  come 
here.    Diya  sudah  mart :  he  has  come. 

^\_^    masa.     I.       [Skr.      masa,]       Time;    season; 
*^^  period  ;    epoch.     Pada  masa  yang  telah  lalu  : 

in  the  past;  Sej.  Mai.,  5.  Pada  masa  itu  :  at 
that  time.  Pada  suwatu  masa :  once  upon  a 
time.  Pada  tiyap-tiyap  masa  dan  ketika :  at  all 
times  and  seasons ;  Ht.  Abd.,  5. 

Masa-mana :  when  (interrogative);  Ht. 
Koris. 

II.  Perhaps,  what  though,  what  if,  supposing. 

Masakan :   id. ;  =  masa  akan. 

III.  Termasa  :  a  show,  a  festival;  a  corrup- 
ted form  of  tamdsha. 


i-**iU    masing.     Separate,    singly.      Masing-masing : 
^  each.     Masing-masing   bangsa   dengan  kapitan- 

nya :    each  race   had   its  own   captain ;    Ht. 

Abd.,  34.     Cf.  asing, 

^LwU    masak.     Ripeness;  maturity  (of  fruit);  cooked, 

of  victuals.  Hampir4ah  masak  padi  itu :  the 
padi  was  nearly  ripe;  Sej.  Mai.,  27.  Kambing 
di-masak  chara  Keling :  goat  cooked  in  the 
Kling  style ;  Ht.  Abd.,  177.  Masak  di-luwar, 
mentah  di-dalam :  cooked  outside  but  raw 
within ;  unsatisfactory  though  apparently 
sound ;    Prov. 

M,  lum  :  overripe ;   ripe  to  rottenness. 

M.  masakan:  cooked  foods  of  all  sorts;  Ht. 
Jay.  Lengg. 

M.  mentah  :  things  cooked  and  uncooked ; 
an  offering  to  evil  spirits. 

Juru  m, :   a  cook ;    Ht.  Abd.,  319,  342. 

Kapor  m, :   plaster. 

Metnasak  :  to  cook ;  Muj.,  48.  Memasakkan : 
id. ;  Muj.',  48,  63. 

Di-pirmasak :  cooked;  Muj.,  87;  Ht.  Jay. 
Lengg.  Bangsal  pemasak :  a  cooking-shed ;  a 
cook-house;  Sh.  UL,  15. 

Masak  is  also  used  of  smelting;  Ht.  Abd.,  266. 

r\.    masok.     Entry ;  going  into ;  progress  inwards, 

(by  metaphor)  admission  to  a  new  religion. 
Masok  igama  islam  :  to  become  a  Muhamma- 
dan ;  Ht.  Abd.,  10.  Di-bawa-masok :  carried 
in.  Masok  keluwar :  going  in  and  out ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  32.  Mata-hari  masok:  sunset;  Ht.  Abd., 
128. 

Masoki :  to  enter  into;  to  go  into.  Memasoki: 
id.;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  4.  Tiyap-tiyap  rumah  yang 
ku-masoki :  every  house  that  I  entered;  Ht. 
Abd.,  432.  Also  Ht.  Abd.,  342 ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya. 

Masokkan  :  to  put  into ;  to  cause  to  enter ;  to 
inject;  Ht.  Abd.,  19,  63,  171,  etc.  Memasak- 
kan :   id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  107,  172,  195. 

Termasok  :  admitted  to,  entered  into.  Belum 
iya  termasok  ka-dalam  belukar  behasa  melayu : 
he  had  not  yet  entered  the  minor  difficulties 
(scrub)  of  the  Malay  language ;  Ht.  Abd.,  342. 

Aj^    masam.     Acid,  sour;     (by  metaphor)   harsh. 
I  M.  muka  :   a  sour  face;    Ht.  Abd.,  24,  38,  118. 

Cf.  asam. 

*^^Va    masin.      Brackish ;    salt ;    briny.      Ayer  m. : 

^""^         salt   water;  Ht.  Abd.,   180.      Tanahyang  m,: 

land  that  will  not  grow  crops;    Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 

102.     Tahi  hidong  m, :    a  vulgar  expression 

meaning  a  miser.     Cf.  asin, 

y\^    masu.     I.     A  sea-urchin  the  spikes  of  which 
give  a  very  painful  wound. 

II.  A  tree  (unidentified)  used  only  for  fire- 
wood. 

4*«U    maseh  or  masill.     L     Still,  while  still,  while 
as  yet.     Usually  masi. 
IL     See  masih. 


MASAI 


[    635    ] 


MAKI 


^U    masai.     Kusut    masai:    very    much    tangled; 
matted  and  disorderly,  of  the  hair. 


L^ 


\. 


masi.  Still,  while  still.  Mast  lagi :  id.  Tat- 
kala  aku  masi  di-dalam  perut  ibu-ku  :  while  I  was 
still  in  my  mother's  womb ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Di- 
lihat-nya  masi  a  da  lagi  bagindasedang  berkata-kata 
dengan  sa-orang  teman-nya  :  he  saw  that  the  king 
was  still  conversing  with  one  of  his  attendants ; 
Ht.  Gul.   Bak.,    122.     Also  masih;  Sh.  Pani. 

mangas.     A  tree  (unidentified). 

mangap.  Jav.  Gaping;  with  open  mouth. 
Mangau  termangap :  id.,  (intensified);  Sh.  Panj. 
Sg,  Btiwaya  mangap:  the  "open-mouthed 
alligator,"  the  name  of  a  formation  for  battle 
(ikat  perang) ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

J\^    mangau    or    mangu.     Agape ;    having     the 
-^  mouth  open.     Hairdn  termangau :  agape  with 

astonishment;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  2.  Maka  Shah 
Kubdd  pun  hairdn  termangau  melihat  rupa-nya 
tuwan  puteri :  Shah  Kubad  was  agape  with 
astonishment  when  he  saw  the  beauty  of  the 
princess;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub,  Pemikat  itu-pun  terman- 
gau-mangau :  the  snare  is  gaping  wide  (for  its 
victim);  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  64. 

Mangap-mangau :     gaping     very     wide ;     an 
intensifier  of  mangau. 

J\j^    mapar.     Gang  mapar:   a  flat-ended   brazier's 
•^  chisel.     Cf.  papar. 


O  U   nxaka.    See  J>^. 


makar.  I,  Hard;  stony,  of  fruit.  Mayang 
in, :  the  blossom  when  still  hard ;  a  simile  for 
beautiful  hair ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya ;  Sh.  Bid.,  20. 

n.  Arab.  Trickiness;  wile;  mischief. 
Makar-nya  dan  jenaka-nya :  his  trickiness  and 
practical  jokes;  Ht.  Hamz.,  9.  Makar  apa  ini 
yang  di-perbuwat  uleh  kakanda :  what  trick  is 
this  that  you  have  played  on  me ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
152.     Also  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  228. 


J'^ 


U    makas.     Hard ;  unyielding,  of  vegetables  that 
will  not  become  soft  when  boiled. 


\\j,    makam.     [Arab,  ^lu]     A  grave  with  a  small 
»  pavilion  over  it ;  v.  makdm, 

^  U  makan.  Eating ;  consumption ;  biting  into  or 
penetrating,  of  weapons,  etc.  Makan  chandu  : 
opium-consumption;  Ht.  Abd.,  305,  307,  411. 
Makan  ta'-kennyang :  to  eat  without  getting 
one's  fill .  M.  jenoh  :  to  eat  one's  fill.  Di-makan 
ideh  karat :  eaten  into  with  rust ;  Ht.  Abd.,  83. 
Tiyada  ada  di-makan  senjata  :  impenetrable  to 
weapons ;  invulnerable ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  85  ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb.  Di-makan  pHuru :  killed  with  shot ; 
penetrable  to  bullets;  Ht.  Abd.,  60. 


./v 


£mpama  golok  kayu 
Tetak   ta' -makan  juwal  ta'-laku: 

like  a  wooden  chopper  which  fails  to  penetrate 
when  used  and  fails  to  fetch  a  price  when  sold ; 
utterly  useless ;  Prov. 

Orang  Awa  pergi   ka-kota, 

Singgah   berhenti  di-tepi  jalan; 

Smtggoh   tuwan   bawa  senjata, 

Berkilat  sehaja,   hardm   ta' -makan : 

although  you.  Sir,  carry  weapons,  the  weapons 
glitter  but  they  can  never  wound  ;  showy  but 
idle;  empty  bluif ;  Prov, 

Kerat  kayu   kepala   kuwala, 
Mart  kerat   batang   beringin ; 

Perahu   burok   di-tampal  gegala, 
Layar  robek  ta' -makan  angin: 

the  vessel  is  worn  and  is  patched  up  with 
caulking ;  the  sails  are  torn  and  do  not  hold 
the  wind; — an  old  man  trying  to  act  as  a 
young  one ;  Prov. 

M.  7tasi :  to  dine. 

M.  suwap  :  to  take  bribes. 

Bidan  di-makan  rahu :  the  moon  being  eaten 
by  the  snake  Rahu ;  the  moon  in  eclipse. 

Nyior  di-makan  bulan  :  "a  coco-nut  consumed 
by  the  moon ; "  a  coco-nut  with  no  milk  in 
it  when  opened. 

Makanan  :  food ;  things  eaten ;  Ht.  Abd.,  90. 

Kemakanan  :  consumption.  Jangan  kemakanan 
mata-nya :  let  not  its  edge  be  eaten  away;  Sej. 
Mai.,  no. 

Memakan  :  to  eat ;  to  consume;  Ht,  Abd.,  201, 
291.  305,  etc. 

Pemakan :  a  consumer.  Saperti  orang  pemakan 
chandu,  dengan  chandu  sampai  matt:  like  an 
opium  consumer,  once  an  opium  consumer 
always  an  opium -consumer  (till  death);  Prov. 

Termakan :  consumed,  eaten  up ;  Ht.  Abd., 
229,  391.  354- 


\^  niakin.  More ;  the  more.  Makin  lama  makin 
baik  :  the  longer  the  better.  Makin  sa-hari-hari 
makin4ah  ku  rasa  senang :  the  more  days  passed 
the  more  comfortable  I  felt;  Ht.  Abd.,  37. 
Also  mangkin. 


/» 


\^    makau.    Macao,  in  China.   Orang  China  Makau : 
Cantonese ;  Ht.  Abd.,  88. 


^\^  makeh.  Chukah-makeh:  (Kedah)  irregular  in 
shape;  uneven  in  arrangement ;  =  (Riau,  Johor) 
chongkah  -  mangkeh , 

^\^    maki.     I.     Abuse,  bad  language,  reviling ;  Ht. 
^  Abd.,  24.    Memaki:  to   abuse;   Ht  Abd.,  16, 

276,  312. 

n.  [Arab,  makki,]  Daun  sena maki :  *'senna 
of  Mecca;"  the  senna,  cassia  angustifolia; 
Muj.,  56. 


MAOAT 


[    636    ] 


MALONG 


oil. 


J- 


magat.  [Skr.  magadha  ?]  A  title  given  (Kedah) 
to  a  person  of  royal  descent  on  his  mother's 
side ;  cf.  megat  (the  more  usual  form)  and  gat. 


magang.     I.     A  tree  (unidentified). 

II.     Overripe,    of  fruit ;    on     the   point    of 
turning  rotten. 


J^U    magel.     Jav.     Half  ripe. 


> 


A 


Dtiagon.  Kajang  magon  :  a  sort  of  companion- 
v^ay  or  skylight  or  deckhouse  in  a  native 
vessel;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  33;  Pel.  Abd.,  112. 

Tingkap  m. :  a  lofty  ventilating  air-passage  or 
window  in  a  house  of  some  pretensions. 

mala.  I.  [Skr.  mdla.]  Accursed ;  misfortune, 
as  the  result  of  a  curse ;  unclean.  M,pMaka  : 
a  curse  resting  on  a  man.  Sangat  keras  mala 
pestaka-nya :  he  is  most  miserably  afflicted  by 
misfortune;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Siapa  gerangan  berbuwat   derhaka, 
Maka-nya  datang  mala  pestaka : 

whoever  is  guilty  of  the  betrayal  of  others 
(will  find  that)  misfortune  will  ever  attend 
him ;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri.,  17. 

II.  Faded,  withered,  of  a  flower.  Laksana 
bungayang  telah  mala  :  like  a  faded  flower ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  147.  Kalau  termala  kunttmi  di-chari  : 
if  the  flower  you  seek  has  withered;  Ht,  Sh. 
Kub.  Mala  kuntum  seroja  :  the  lotus  is  withered ; 
Sh.  LaiL  Mejn.,  8. 

The  name  mala  is  also  given  to  a  number  of 
flowers  (unidentified)  mentioned  in  romances; 
e.g.,  bunga  mala  (Ht.  Sh.  Kub.),  daun  kayu 
sikanda  mala  (Ht.  Sri  Rama),  seroja  mala 
mas  (Ht.  Sh.  Kub.),  and  bunga  wijaya  mala 
(Ht.  Sg.  Samb.).  Of  these  names  the  last  is 
occasionally  met  with  in  modern  use  as  the 
name  of  a  fabulous  flower  which  brings  to  life 
any  dead  body  that  it  touches ;  in  this  sense 
it  is  a  favourite  symbol  for  the  reviving 
influence  on  a  despairing  lover  of  the  presence 
of  his  beloved.  In  the  Sang  Samba,  the 
possession  of  this  talismanic  flower  by  Bhauma 
enables  him  to  bring  to  life  repeatedly  his 
steed  (the  walimana)  when  slain  by  Arjuna. 

III.  A  variant  of  malar,  q.  v. 

m&l.  Arab.  Property,  possession,  goods  and 
chattels.  BaituH-mdl :  the  Treasury  in  a 
Muhammadan  state,  with  special  reference  to 
the  idea  of  property  escheating  to  the  Treasury. 

malar.  Continually;  constantly.  Ayer  malar 
duwa  depa :  the  water  has  a  constant  depth  of 
two  fathoms.  Malar  kurus  dingan  diri-nya : 
always  thin ;  eternally  emaciated ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Malar puchat  kurus: 
always  pale  and  thin ;  Ht.  Mas,  Ed,  Malar 
merechek  peloh-nya:  with  perspiration  ever 
streaming;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng,  M^nangis  malar 
basah  dengan  puncha  sabok-nya:  weeping  till 
the  loose  end  of  her  robe  was  always  wet  with 
tears ;  Ht.  Sh. ;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed.  Malar  bengkak- 
bengkak  dengan  mata-nya :  with  eyes  ever 
swollen  with  weeping  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 


cr 


Lt" 


Malar-malar :  time  after  time ;  so  much  the 
more ;  the  more  ;  however  much.  Malar-malar 
hutan  dan  rimba  ptm  habis4ah  menjadi  terang 
sakaliyan  di-robohkan-nya :  time  after  time 
woods  and  forest  became  open  plains  as  he 
tore  everything  down  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Malar- 
malar  habis-lah  charek-charek  tiyada  juga  mahu 
puteh :  she  went  on  more  and  more  till  the 
cloth  was  torn  to  pieces  but  she  could  not 
wash  it  white  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

Also  mala  and  malah. 


malas.  Idleness ;  laziness ;  sluggishness ;  in- 
dolence. Budak  budak  yang  malas  mengaji : 
idle  school  boys;  Ht.  Abd.,  29.  Senjata  itu 
mendatangkan  malas  :  (the  wearing  of)  weapons 
encourages  idleness ;  Ht.  Abd.,  259. 
Kerusi  m, :  a  rocking-chair. 


]\^    mails.     I.     Faded,  of  colour  ;  faint,  of  odour. 


ju 


^u 


II.     (Kedah.)     To  rub  down  a  horse. 


malang.  I.  Adverse  fortune;  adversity; 
obstruction ;  position  across  or  at  right  angles 
to,  Dengan  sebab  malang-nya  juga  angin-nya 
tiyada  turun :  owing  to  his  ill-luck  no  wind 
came;  Ht.  Best.  Hat  anak  yang  malang 
memberi  *aib  ibu  bapa-nya  :  oh  ill-starred  child 
who  bringest  shame  upon  your  parents ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  147.  Nasib-ku  yang  malang :  my 
ill-luck ;  Ht.  Abd.,  364.  Meriyam  di-atas-nya 
malang  melintang  :  the  cannon  on  it  lay  across 
the  Hne ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Kalau  siyal   berchampor  malang, 
Ikan   di-panggang  tinggal   tulang : 

if  you  are  cursed  with  ill-luck  and  misfortune, 
when  you  cook  fish  you  will  find  only  bones 
left ;  Prov.  A  variant  of  the  second  hne  is 
ay  am  di-tambat  di-sambar  lang :  **the  hawk 
will  get  your  chickens  even  though  you  tie 
them  up;  Prov. 

Siput  malang  gading :  a  shell  (unidentified). 

II.     A  pinnacle-rock. 


maling.  Jav.  A  thief;  thieving.  Melepaskan 
maling-nya  pergi  menchuri  :  to  give  way  to  one's 
thievish  propensities  and  go  and  steal ;  Ht. 
Sh.  M.  penchuri:  a  thief;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  16. 
Penjurit  m, :  id. ;  Ht.  Sh.  Siapa-kah  yang  men- 
jadi maling  itu :  who  is  it  who  was  the  thief  in 
this  case  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  ^Azimat  penutup  m. : 
a  talisman  to  stop  thieving;  Muj.,  79. 

Pintu  m. :  a  side-entrance  or  back-entrance 
to  a  Malay  house ;  **  a  door  of  clandestine 
entry;''  Cr.  Gr.,  15;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.;  Ht. 
Ism.  Yat.,  108  ;  Ht.  Sh. ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama  ;  Sh. 
Bid.,  28. 

Memaling :  to  thieve  ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 

iiV*    malong.     Ikan  malong  :   a  large  fish    (uniden- 
Cl         tified) ;  it  is  classed  with  sharks   and  skates, 
Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  4. 


jiU 


MALAP 


[    637    ] 


MAMAK 


.tiV. 


^U 


nialap.  Reducing  the  light  of  a  lamp  ;  loss  of 
brightness;  flickering.  Diyan  itu~pun  malap 
api-nya :  the  candle  began  to  flicker ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng. 

malik.  Arab.  King,  owner,  lord ;  an  abbre- 
viation for  the  name  ^Abdii  H-mdlik, 

Mdlikii  H'jabar  :  the  Mighty  Lord ;  God ;  Sh. 
Dag.,  7. 

Mdliku  H-maut :  the  Angel  of  Death ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  91 ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  82.  See  s.v. 
maut. 

'A  bdu'  l-mdlik  :  the  servant  of  the  Lord ;  a 
proper  name. 

maligan.  A  variant  of  mdnikam  in  some 
versions  of  the  Shamir  Jatihar  Mdnikam  or 
ShaHr  Johan  Maligan, 

maligai.  Tam.  A  palace.  Usually  mahaligai, 
q.  V. 

malam.  Night;  the  darkness  of  night. 
M.  hari :  night-time.  Tengah  m. :  midnight. 
Pulml  duwa  tengah  w. :  two  a.m.;  Ht.  Abd., 
317.  Siyang  m. :  day  and  night.  Kain  siyang 
m. :  workaday  clothes.  Sa-malam  :  last  night ; 
yesterday  evening.  Sa-hari  sa-malam :  a  day 
and  a  night.  Janh  malam :  late  in  the  night. 
Sa-malam-malaman :  the  whole  night;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  84 ;  Ht.  Abd.,  124.  Bennalam :  to  spend 
the  night ;  to  pass  a  night ;  Ht.  Abd.,  307, 389. 

yV*    malim.     The  mate  of  a  ship  ;  better  i**,  q.  v. 


^ 


^u 


malum.     A    salt-water  fish  (unidentified) ;  Kl. 
V.  d.  W.,  Pijn.    Possibly  malong. 

malan.     Confusion     of     mind;      perplexity; 
anxiety  as  the  result  of  perplexity. 


malu.     Shame;     modesty;    bashfulness.     Di- 

gantongkan-nya  di-leher-hi  supaya  malu :  they 
hung  it  round  my  neck  to  put  me  to  shame ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  36.  Menaroh  m. :  to  have  feelings 
of  shame.  Mendapat  m. :  to  be  put  to  shame. 
Dengan  tiyada  m, :  shameless. 

M,  alah  :  unwillingness  to  seem  afraid ;  can- 
tankerousness  in  a  subordinate  who  wishes  to 
assert  his  independence. 

Puteri  m. :  a  name  sometimes  given  to  the 
sensitive  plant.     Daun  m.  :  id. 

Malukan :  (i)  to  put  to  shame ;  Ht.  Abus., 
21 ;  (2)  to  be  ashamed  of;  =  malu  akan. 

Bermalti, :  to  harbour  feelings  of  shame ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  268. 

Kemaltiwan ;  feelings  of  modesty  or  shame ; 
disgrace ;  the  pudenda.  Menanggong  k. :  to 
reach  the  age  of  modesty,  of  a  girl.  Tuntut  k.  : 
to  sue  for  damages  for  slander.  Kemaluwan- 
lah  iya :  he  was  ashamed ;  Ht,  Gul.  Bak., 
87,  98.  Kemaluwan  suwami-nya  iya  membalas- 
kan:  she  avenged  the  dishonour  put  upon 
her  husband;  Cr.  Gr.,  37. 

malau.     (Kedah.)    Lac ;  =  (Riau,  Johor)  emba- 
lau.     M .  gari :  sealing-wax. 


aJU    malah.     A  variant  of  malar,  q. 


AiU 


maleh. 

aleh,  q. 


Jav.     To  change  ; 


mengaleh, 


from 


v. 


c^U 


Jl. 


malai.  L  A  sort  of  aigrette;  a  flower  worn  in 
the  hair.  Laksanabunga  di-karang  malai:  like 
a  flower  arranged  as  an  aigrette ;  Sh.  Bid,,  12. 
Suntingm, :  id, ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  13;  it  also 
occurs  as  a  term  of  endearment ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Nata;  Ht.  Koris. 

n.     A  plant  (unidentified) ;  J.  L  A.,  L,  259. 

HI,  Weak,  feeble;  Muj.,  89.  Lemah 
kemalai  :  id. ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,   82. 

mali.     L     A  name  given  to  several  plants. 

M.  berduri  :  a  thorny  shrub  ;   leea  horrida, 

M,-mali :  a  common  shrub,  found  on  open 
spaces;  leea  sambucina.  Also  memali,  Angin 
yang  menchabut  mali-mali  di-lumpor :  a  wind 
which  tears  up  the  shrubs  from  the  mud  ;  a 
typically  strong  wind  ;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  22. 

n.  Tali'temali :  all  kinds  of  cordage. 
Mcmali  :  to  twist  a  long  string. 

in.  Pantang peniali  :  a  taboo;  forbidden  by 
superstition. 

f        mama.     Uncle ;  a  variant  of  niamak,  q.  v. 


,u 


b^ 


^u 


L^ 


,u 


mamat.     A  proper  name ;  an 
Muhammad. 


abbreviation  of 


mamang.  L  Looking  absent-mindedly; 
a  stony  unnoticing  stare.  Maka  mata  M,  pun 
mamang'lah  :  the  eyes  of  M.  became  dull  and 
unseeing ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  28.  Also  mamak  and 
mamong.     Cf.  mamai. 

n.  Gopoh-mamang :  wild  haste;  disorderly 
hurry;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  364.  Also  (Kedah) 
gopoh-mamam, 

mamong.       L        An      edible     marine     fish 
(unidentified). 
IL     Dull,  unseeing,  of  the  eye. 

Sudah  terkena   mabok   kechubong, 
Naik   berpmar  mata  mamong  : 

when  you  have  been  poisoned  with  datura, 
your  head  becomes  dizzy  and  your  eyes  lose 
their  power  of  vision.  Also  mamak  and 
mamang, 

mamak.     L    Uncle;  aunt;  a  friendly  expression 

used  by  a  prince  in  speaking  of  or  to  his  tutors 
and  aged  ministers.  Mamak  jtiga  kapada 
senda,  iya-lah  stidara  bonda  patek :  he  is  my 
uncle,  my  mother's  brother ;  Ht.  Sri  Rama. 
Mamak  bendahara  :  my  uncle*  the  Bendahara, 
a  term  used  endearingly  by  a  prince  to  his  chief 
minister;  Ht,  Hg.  Tuw.,  19;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
202.  Baik'lah  mamak-ku  nmnteri  yang 
keempat  kombali  :  well,  let  my  uncles,  the  four 
ministers  of  state,  return; — (said  by  a  prince); 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Also  mama.  Cf.  rama^  demang, 
etc. 
H.     A  variant  of  mamang,   L,  and  marnong, 

n. 


80 


MAMEK 


[    638    ] 


MAN  AN 


j-U 


c^\^ 


X. 


y 


,U 


,u 


oy 


.u 


>u 


tr* 


U 


mamek.      Slightly  altered,    of   taste;    of   a 
slightly  different  flavour. 


A^    mamam.     See  gopoh  and  mamang. 


maman.  A  generic  name  given  to  a  few 
plants.  Akar  m. :  a  medicinal  drug  (unidenti- 
fied). Jerok  m, :  a  fruit  (unidentified).  M. 
babi :  a  common  herb,  hygrophila  salicifolia, 

mamun.  I.  Obscure,  puzzling,  of  accounts  ; 
dizziness  or  headache  as  the  result  of  trying 
to  solve  a  difficult  problem. 

11.     See  mdmun, 

mamtl.  I.  *^  Uncle ; "  a  name  sometimes 
applied  to  old  men  by  the  general  public  but 
rarely  by  nephev^s  to  uncles.     Cf.  inamak, 

II.     A  tree  (unidentified). 
mamtln.     Arab.     Pledged,  fixed,  steadfast. 

mamah.  Chewing  ;  mastication  ;  crushing  to 
pieces  in  the  mouth.  M.  biyak  :  to  chew  the 
cud.  A  ku  mamah  dengan  fulang-itdang-mu  : 
I  shall  chew  you  to  bits  bones  and  all ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.  Rupa  kain-nya  saperti  di-mamah  anjing 
rupa  nya  :  his  clothes  looked  as  if  they  had 
been  chewed  up  by  a  dog ;  Ht.  Si  Misk.,  4. 
Cf.  also  :  Ht.  Abd.,  383,  386  ;  Ht.  Best. ;  Sh. 
Sg.  Ranch.,  7. 

mamai.  Looking  with  unseeing  eyes,  of  a 
sleepy  man ;  talking  in  one's  sleep.  Cf. 
mamang  and  mamong  which  refer  to  a  dizzy 
or  absent-minded  man  when  far  from  being 
actually  asleep. 

mana.  An  interrogative  ;  where,  which,  what, 
how,  why.  Di-mana  :  in  what  place  ;  where. 
Dart  mana :  from  what  place  ;  whence.  Ka- 
mana  :  to  what  place  ;  whither.  Orang  mana  ; 
what  man.  Bagai-mana :  in  what  manner ; 
how.  Masa  mana :  when ;  whenever ;  Ht. 
Koris.  Mana  kala  :  id. ;  Ht.  Best. ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  132.  Barang-ka-mana  :  wherever.  Tiyada 
sa-mana-mana  :  without  why  or  wherefore  ;  for 
no  reason  whatever  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  41,  258  ;  cf. 
semena,  Dari-mana  Mndak  ka-mana ;  whence 
come  you  and  whither  go  you  ?  Di-mana-kan  : 
how  shall ;  ==  di-mana  akan.  Di-manakan 
Betara  Mahabisnu  menchari  aku  :  how  can  the 
Great  God  Vishnu  be  seeking  me ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. 

manis.  I.  Sweetness  ;  sweet ;  light,  of  some 
colours.  M.  gula  :  the  sweetness  of  sugar ; 
extreme  sweetness ;  Prov.  M.  saperti  sakar 
berchampor  madu :  sweet  as  sugar  mixed  with 
honey  ;  id.  Muka  yang  m. :  a  kindly  expression  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  7.  Lidah  m. :  soft  spoken  ;  persua- 
sive ;  Cr.  Gr,,  63 ;  Ht.  Abd.,  86.  Hitam  m.  : 
a  delicate  brown. 
A  das  m, :  aniseed,  illisium  anisatmn, 
Gigi  m, :  an  incisor  tooth  (other  than 
teeth  immediately  in  front) ;  the  teeth  at 
side  of  the  front  teeth. 


the 
the 


^ 


;U 


oU 


^u 


^ 


p 


u 


o- 


U 


Kayu  nu  :  cinnamon,  cinnamomum  zeylanicum. 

Khnanisan  :  sweetness  ;   Ht.  Abd.,  346,  427. 

Mimaniskan  :  to  sweeten  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  48  ;  Ht. 
Jay.  Lengg. 

Pemanis  :  a  charm  rendering  the  person  using 
it  pleasing  to  the  other  sex ;  J.  I.  A.,  I.,  311. 

II.    Jari  manis  :  the  ring  finger ;    Ht.  Ism. 
Yat.,  58. 

manusiya.  [Skr.  mdmmya.]  Man  ;  human- 
ity. Orang  m, :  a  man.  Nyawa  m.  :  the 
human  soul.  Manusiya  sa-orang  tiyada  terka- 
wal :  a  single  human  being  (i.e,,  a  woman)  is 
more  than  a  man  can  keep  in  order ;  Prov., 
cf.  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  153.  Keris  lembeng  tiyada 
tajantf  tajam  lagi  lidah  manusiya  :  daggers  and 
spears  are  blunt  compared  with  the  sharpness 
of  the  human  tongue ;  Prov. ;  cf.  Ht,  Abd., 
210. 

mani*.  Arab.  Obstruction ;  hindrance ;  to 
hinder. 

manek  or  manik.  [Skr.  mani.]  A  coral 
bead  ;  a  bead  generally.  Sa-utas  manek-manek  : 
a  string  of  beads  ;  Ht.  Gh.  M.  mas  :  golden 
beads ;  Ht.  Koris.  Manek-nya  bunga  melati : 
with  beads  of  the  jasmine,  i.e.,  the  flowers  of 
the  jasmine  (either  real  or  imitation)  strung 
on  a  thread  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Berchuchoran 
ayer  mata-nya  saperti  manek  tanggal  daripada 
chuchok-nya  :  her  tears  coursed  down  like  beads 
falling  from  their  string  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 


manok. 

paradise. 


A  bird.      M.   dewata  :    the   bird   of 


manikam.  Tam.  A  gem  *,  a  ruby.  Jauhari 
juga  yang  mengenal  manikam  :  it  is  the  jewel- 
ler who  can  tell  the  gem  ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  4. 
Manikam  itu  kalau  jatoh  ka-dalam  limbahan 
sakalipun  tiyada  akan  hilang  chehaya-nya : 
though  a  gem  falls  into  a  cess-pool  it  will  not 
lose  its  lustre ;  great  qualities  shine  even  in 
mean  surroundings ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  362. 

Ratena  mutu  manikam  :  precious  stones  of  all 
sorts.     The  word  is  often   written  ma'nikam. 

Manikam   is   also    the    name   given    to   the 
embryo  at  conception.  ^ 

manan.  I.  A  proper  name,  short  for  'Abdu' 
l-manndn, 

II.     Akar    manan :    a    creeper    or    climber 
(unidentified). 


I  Malay  ideas  of  embryology  practically  ignore  the 
ovum  and  believe  the  embryo  to  be  created  by  the  union 
of  three  elements  which  are  found  in  separate  existence  in 
the  sperma  genitale.  The  theory  is  given  at  some  length 
in  the  Sha'tr  *Ibarat  Manikam  Pari,  and  may  be  sum- 
marized in  the  following  two  lines  (Sh.  I.  M.  P.,  7): — 

P^rtama  wadi,  keduwa    madzt, 
KUiga,   mani,  manikam  tajallt. 

Thus  mmikam  also  occurs  in  the  sense  of  sperma  genitale  : 
maha  masing-masing  pun  dudok-lah  dengan  berahi-nya ;  maka 
habis-lah  terhambor  manikam-nya  tiyada  khabarkan  diri-nya; 
Ht  P  J.  P.  The  three  elements  are  often  mentioned  in 
sorcerers'  incantations. 


MANU 


[    639    ] 


MAYAT 


y 


I. 


yU 


,u 


>>> 


,v. 


t^^ 


,u 


manu.    Skr. 
lawgiver. 


The   name  of  a  deified  Hindu 


manau.  A  very  long  and  flexible  rattan 
(unidentified).  Laksana  batang  manau  (sa-ribti 
kali  embat  hardm  ta'-patah)  :  like  the  manau 
(which  you  may  use  for  a  thousand  strokes 
without  its  breaking)  ;  tireless,  wiry,  of  a  man  ; 
Prov. 


4jU    manah.     I.     Valuable ;  esteemed. 

II.     The   heart;    the   feelings;    the   mind; 
Cr.  Gr.,  68. 

:\^^    manai.      White ;    pale   with   loss   of  blood ; 
V  anaemic.     Puchat  m, :  id. 

iU    mani.     I.     A  variant  of  tnanek,  q.  v. 
II.     A  variant  of  mam,  q.  v. 

aj\A    mau.     Wish,  will,  intention  ;  v.  mahu. 


mawa.  A  monkey  ;  the  orang  outang  (accord- 
ing to  von  de  Wall)  ;  (Kedah)  a  fabulous 
monkey  which  is  believed  to  live  on  dew  only.  ^ 


b^ 


o^ 


tU 


jj^^U  ?]     Rose-water ; 
:   id.     Bunga  m. :  the 


,V. 


mawar.     I.      [Arab. 

Ht.  Sh.   Kub.    Ayerm 

rose.  Bunga  ayer  m, :  id.  Saperti  ban  bunga 
mawar  tatkala  penoh  dengan  embun  yang  kena 
sinar  matahari  pagi-pagi :  like  the  fragrance  of 
the  rose  when  it  is  struck,  all  wet  with  dew, 
by  the  rays  of  the  rising  sun  ;  Cr.  Gr.,  78. 

II.     T aw ar -mawar :    an   intensified    form  of 
tawaYy  q.  v. 

mawas.  The  "  mias  "  or  orang  outang  {duwa 
ekor  mawas  yang  di-nama'i  uleh  orang  puteh  orang 
utan,  Ht.  Abd.,  89).  The  mias  being  not  found 
in  the  forests  of  the  Peninsula  and  existing 
only  as  a  tradition,  the  maims  is  often  represen- 
ted as  a  semi-human  evil  spirit  with  a  forearm 
of  iron.  Best  m. :  iron  or  bronze  implements 
of  prehistoric  make  assumed  by  Malays  to  be 
the  forearm  of  a  mawas. 

maTing.  Unpleasant  in  taste,  nasty.  Lampau 
serai  masok  gulai  tentn  nianng :  if  there  is  too 
much  lemon-grass  in  the  curry,  the  curry  is  sure 
to  be  nasty ;  if  there  is  too  much  of  one  element 
in  anything,  the  result  is  sure  to  be  unsatis- 
factory ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  155.  Cf.  mahtmg, 

mawin.  Kawin  mawin :  marriage  festivities 
generally,  marriage  business,  a  sort  of  frequen- 
tative of  kawin, 

maha.     I.     The  name  of  a  tree  (unidentified). 
II.      [Skr.  maha,}      Great,   greatly;    an   in- 
tensifying prefix,  usually  written,  V-* ,  q.  v. 


Cf.  the  pantun  :~ 

SUuwar  suterci  'belt  di-kMai; 
Pakaiyan  attain  raja  melayu : 
S^haya  laksana  mawa  di-julai 
Menan  Uk(tn  embun   di~daun  kayu. 


t 


,u 


u 


>u 


^fibU 


CJU 


mahar.    See  ^^ . 


mahir. 

art. 


Arab.     Experienced  ;  master  of  one's 


mahang.  A  generic  name  given  to  a  number 
of  trees ;  macaranga,  spp.  Di-mana-kah  berteras 
kayu  mahang :  how  can  you  expect  hard  wood 
from  a  macaranga ;  never  expect  grapes  from 
thorns  or  figs  from  thistles ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XXIV.,  166. 

M.  api  or  m,  bay  an  :  macaranga  javanica. 

M,  bulan  :  macaranga  hullettii, 

M,  di-makan  pelandok :  homalauthus  populneus. 

A/,  puteh  :  macaranga  hypolenca. 

M.  serindit :  =  m.  bulan. 

M.  teknkor :  macaranga  triloba. 

mahung.  Nasty;  unpleasant,  of  taste  or 
smell;  =  maung,  Merasai  pahit  mahung 
berajakaft  holanda  itu :  to  feel  the  nasty 
bitterness  of  Dutch  rule;  Ht.  Abd.,  366. 
Bau-nya  amat  hanching  dan  amat  mahung :  its 
smell  was  most  foul  and  nasty;  Ht.  Isk. 
Dz. 

mahap.  Pardon,  forgiveness;  a  colloquial 
variant  of  ma^df,  q.  v. 

mahal.  Dear,  costly,  rare,  difficult  to  obtain, 
scarce.  Mahal  di-beli,  sukar  di-chari :  dear  to 
buy  and  difficult  to  get  for  oneself;  a  pro- 
verbial description  of  a  valuable  article ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  132.  Terlalu  mahal  orang  yang  tahu 
menulis :  men  who  knew  how  to  write  were 
very  rare ;  Ht.  Abd.,  46. 

mahu.  Wish,  will,  intention.  Mahu  ta'-mahu  : 
willy  nilly,  Mahu  ta'-mahu  naik  juga :  whether 
they  liked  it  or  not  up  they  went  all  the  same ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  205.  Makan  ta'-hendak,  tidor  ta'- 
mahu  :  unwilling  to  eat  and  unwilling  to  sleep. 
In  the  Straits  Settlements  mahu  is  used  for 
forming  the  future,  e.g.,  sehaya  mahu  pergi : 
I  shall  go.  This  use  is  not  supported  by 
Malay  literature.  The  form  mau  is  most 
common  in  colloquial  language  though  mahu 
is  the  written  form. 

maya.  I.  [Skr.  mdya:  illusion.]  Phantom; 
vapoury;  unsubstantial;  (by  extension)  the 
spirit  of  life  or  semangat.  Jirneh  maya-maya : 
transparent  or  clear  as  an  unsubstantial 
shadow;    Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

II.  Maya  pada :  [Skr.  madhyapada,]  the 
earth  ;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed. ;  also  manja-pada, 

II.  Besar  'umur  maya:  (Penang)  great 
trickiness  ;  wealth  of  resource ; — an  expression 
really  taken  from  ^Umar  Ummaiya,  the 
companion  of  Hamza,  w^ho  is  represented  (in 
the  Hikayat  Hamza)  as  a  warrior  who  trusted 
more  to  stratagem  than  strength. 


lU    mayat.     A  corpse,  a  dead  body;    =    (Arab.) 
q.  V. 


MAIDAH 


[    640    ] 


MATABI 


.^^ ^___„ — . ^ ^_ 

may  am.  A  weight ;  =  ^<j  of  a  bongkaL  It  is 
used  for  weighing  metals  and  precious  sub- 
stances such  as  musk,  otto  of  roses,  etc.  Raksa 
berat  dtiwa  mayam  :  two  mayams'  weight  of 
quicksilver. 

main.  Playing ;  sporting  with  ;  amusement ; 
jest ;  the  absence  of  seriousness.  Bermain : 
to  play ;  to  play  at. 

Bermain  angin :  to  circle  about  in  the  air  as  a 
hawk ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  The  expression  is  also 
used  of  people  going  to  a  place  to  enjoy  the 
fresh  air;  J.  I.  A.,  I.,  150. 

Bermain  jtidi :  to  gamble ;  Ht.  Abd.,  276. 
Main  judi :  gambling. 

Bermain  layang-layang :  to  fly  kites ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  22. 

Bermain  mata  :  to  cast  amorous  glances ;  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  142.  Main  mata :  eye  play ;  Sh. 
Bur.  Nuri,  22. 

Bhinainkan  pedang  :  to  wave  a  sword  about ; 
to  indulge  in  sword-play  ( against  an  imaginary 
opponent) ;  Ht.  Raj.  SuL,  13. 

Bermain  tangan :  to  gesticulate ;  to  make 
signs  as  when  one  tries  to  make  a  deaf  and 
dumb  man  understand  something ;  Ht.  Abd., 
40. 

Bermain  wayang :  to  act  on  the  stage ;  to 
perform  a  play;  Ht.  Abd.,  458. 

Main  btirit,  m,  mangkok  or  m,  ptmggong : 
unnatural  vice. 

Permainan  :  an  amusement ;  a  plaything ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  19,  20,  283.  Permain :  id.;  Ht  Koris. 
Permainkan  :  to  amuse  oneself  with ;  Sh.  Tab. 
Mimp.,  15. 


ft»-X.*U    maidah.     Arab.     A  table  spread  with   food; 
cf.  meja, 

\^    mayar.     Kala  mayar  or  (Kedah)  guln  mayar : 
^         the  luminous  millipede.     Better  kelemayar  or 
gulumayar, 

mayor.  I.  [Dutch:  majoor,]  "Major,"  a 
title  given  to  Chinese  headmen  of  the  highest 
grade  in  Netherlands  India;  Sh.  Lamp.,  29. 
Cf.  kapitan. 

II.  Sayor-mayor :  vegetables  of  all  sorts; 
green  food  generally;  Sej.  Mai.,  121;  Pel. 
Abd.,  80 ; — a  sort  of  frequentative  of  sayor,  q.  v. 


-T- 


u 


u 


LTi 


Ji-U 


h^ 


^u 


mayas.     The  name  given  (in  Borneo)  to  the 
"  mias  "  or  "  orang-outang." 


mayang.  The  peculiar  sheath  with  the 
blossom  of  the  coco-nut,  betel-nut,  and  some 
other  trees  of  that  class.  The  sheath  itself  is 
the  selodang  ;  the  mayang  is  the  blossom  in  the 
sheath  or  the  blossom  and  the  sheath.  Saperti 
mayang  mengurai :  like  the  unfolding  blossom 
of  the  palm  ;- — a  simile  for  beautiful  hair ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.  Laksana 
mayang  mengurai :  id.;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  122. 
The  curl  of  the  hair  is  also  compared  to  the 
curl  of  the  young  blossom  of  the  palm;  Sh. 
Bid.,  20;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  142.  Berhamboran 
ayer  mata-nya  saperti  mayang  tanggal  dari 
selodang-nya  laku-nya :  her  tears  rained  down 
like  palm-blossoms  dropping  from  their 
sheaths;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

II.  Putu  mayang :  a  sweetmeat. 

III.  Perahu  mayang  or  pemayang :  a  variety 
ve  boat ;  Ht.  Abd.,  220. 


111.     i^ er am  mayang  or  pemay 
of  native  boat ;  Ht.  Abd.,  220. 


mayong.  I.  Ikan  mayong:  a  (marine)  fish 
with  a  very  long  body. 

II.  A  plant  (unidentified) ;  J.  I.  A.,  I.,  259. 

III.  Dayong-mayong :    oars    of    all     sorts 
rowing  in  no  regular  time. 

ma'yong.  A  theatrical  troupe  or  company 
usually  of  four  performers.  Bangsal  m. :  the 
shed  or  temporary  theatre  in  which  the  per- 
formances take  place;  Ht.  Koris.  Ma'yong 
is  also  the  name  given  (sometimes)  to  the 
"princess"  or  leading  sentimental  female 
character.  This  form  of  theatrical  enter- 
tainment has  its  origin  in  the  Northern  States 
of  the  Peninsula. 


mayapada. 

Ht.  Mas  Ed. 


[Skr.  madhyapada,] 
Also  manjapada. 


The  earth  ; 


mail.     I.     A  proper  name;  an  abbreviation  of 
the  well-known  name  Ismail. 

II,  A  preparation  for  painting  the  eyelids. 
Peti  m, :  a  box  for  this  preparation ;  the  box  is 
usually  made  of  precious  metal  and  is  furnish- 
ed with  a  mirror. 

III.  Eng.     A  mile. 


u 


^u 


jU 


[  Kedah.)   Absent-minded, 

ers  at  ra 
put  to  him.     Pronounced  maP^yio, 


)\j,   mayo  or  mayau. 

-^*  as  a  man  who  answers  at  random  questions 


j\^    manyar.     A    name    sometimes   given 
weaver-bird  (tempuwa);  v.  d.  W. 


to    the 


•uVa    many  an.        Benzoin  ;       gum  -  benjamin ; — an 
"  occasional  variant  of  kemennyen,  which  is  the 

usual  form. 

^jV-.A    mubarak.     Arab.     Blessed,  fortunate,  lucky; 
Muj.,  71. 

mat.     I.     Mate  (at  chess).     Shah-mat :  check- 
mate. 

II.     A   familiar   abbreviation   of  the    name 
Muhammad, 

mot.     Mot-mot :  the  quivering  of  the  fontanel. 
Temot-mot :  to  quiver,  to  throb,  of  the  fontanel. 

Via  meta.  [Skr.  matta,]  Wild,  excited;  un- 
controllable ;  "  must,"  of  an  elephant.  Gajah 
m, :  a  rutting  elephant ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  105  ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  15;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  103;  Ht.  Ism. 
Yat.,  96.     Also  menta, 

(3  w    matabi.     Kain  matabi :  a  pattern  of  cloth. 


matA' 


[  641  ] 


MUHTASHAM 


utr* 


J^ 


^y- 


4;u 


matst^     Arab.     Goods,  property. 

metapal.  A  tree  (unidentified);  it  yields  a 
soft  wood. 

matSros.  [Dutch  matroos,]  A  sailor;  Ht. 
Abd.,  81 ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  19. 

mStSrus.  Terus  meterus :  straight  through ; 
Sh.  Sri.  Ben.,  77.     From  terus,  q.  v. 

mSteri.  Tam.  Stamp,  seal.  Lekat  saperti 
siirat  termeteri :  stuck  down  like  a  sealed  letter ; 
Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  4.    Cf.  tera. 

metu  or  muttu.  Tam.  A  degree  of  purity 
used  in  testing  gold;  =  2f  carat.  Emas  sa- 
ptdoh  fimttu  :  gold  of  absolute  purity.    See  nmtu, 

m^tulang.  A  medicinal  plant  (unidentified). 
Also  mentulang, 

metah.  Puteh  metah :  snow-white ;  KL,  v.  d. 
W.,  Pijn. 


mutihara.      [Skr.   umtyahdra,]      A    pearl;    a 
gem.     Better  mutiyara,  q.  v. 


fC  ^V^ylA    matahari.     The  sun  ;  cf.  mata  and  hart. 


metai.     Tam.     A  short  square  mattrass  used 
as  a  seat  for  a  prince  or  bridegroom. 


J 


U 


<S) 


\xi< 


1;^ 


mutiya.  [  Skr.  mutya,']  A  pearl.  Sipit^t  m, : 
the  mother  of  pearl  shell.  Tatah  m, :  studded 
with  pearls;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  13.  Intanm,: 
diamonds  and  pearls;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  3. 
Ktiweh  lada  m. :  a  peculiar  sw^eetmeat ;  little 
sweet  drops  of  sugar  and  flour.     Cf.  mtitiyara. 

mutiyara.  [Skr.  mutya  hdra.]  A  pearl. 
Indong  mutiyara :  the  pearl  oyster ;  Ht.  Gh. 

metigi.     A  tree   (unidentified).     Also  nientigi, 

inithal.     See  mithaL 

mithkal.  Arab.  A  weight  of  about  ij 
drachms ;  Muj.,  54. 

mithal.  [Arab,  mithdl:  example;  mathal : 
to  compare.]  A  comparison ;  a  simile ;  an 
example  or  illustration ;  Ht.  Abd.,  5,  295,  426. 
Mithalkan :  to  compare  to ;  to  represent  by ; 
Sh.  Jub.  Mai.,  16.  MithaUnya:  for  instance; 
as  an  illustration  ;  to  illustrate  my  point. 

mathnawi.  Arab.  The  form  of  Persian 
poetry  known  as  the  Mesnevi. 

m^jana.     See  sermnjana. 

mfijSra.  A  sighting  bead,  on  a  gun ;  a  sight ; 
— a  variant  of  pejera. 


^J^    mujarrab.      Arab.      To     test;      proved     by 

experience.  Sehisoh  juwayang  sangat  mujarrab : 
a  thoroughly  tested  remedy  in  confinements; 
Muj.,  39.  Keramat  mujarrab  :  a  shrine  which 
has  been  proved  to  work  wonders ;  a  proved 
saint ;  Sh,  Sg.  Ranch.,  30. 

4j^  mujarbat.  Arab.  The  name  of  a  treatise  on 
medicine,  etc.,  professing  to  give  only  reliable 
or  tested  remedies, 

'jj:i^^    majistret.     Eng.     Magistrate;  Ht.  Abd.,  225, 

244. 

j^^    majakani.     A  plant    (unidentified);   Muj.,  47. 
C»     •       Also  (Kedah)  mmjakani, 

^A^Lrf. .  majlis.  Arab.  A  meeting  place;  a  place  of 
assembly;  a  gathering.  Berhimpun-lahsemuwa- 
nya  dalam  suwatu  majlts  yang  besar :  they  all 
met  together  in  a  great  assembly;  Ht.  Abd., 
32.  Di-tengah  m. :  in  public.  Cf.  also :  Ht. 
Abd.,  47,  251.     Also  majlis. 

jjJbii  m§jdlis.  Fair,  handsome,  pretty.  Elok 
tnejelis-iiya  puteri  itu  :  the  beauty  and  charms 
of  the  princess ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  121.  Keduwa- 
nya  saiua  ntejelis-nya  :  the}'  were  both  of  equal 
beauty;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 


^jj^    mujallat.     Arab.     A  roll,  book,  a  treatise. 


majlis,     A  variant  of  majlis^  q.  v. 


m§jam.  I.  Rotation  without  other  move- 
ment ;  rotation  round  a  fixed  centre,  as  a  top 
which  does  not  move  from  one  point  on  the 
ground. 

II.     Ayer  mejan  :  tree  sap. 


^CJl^ 


majma^at.     Arab.     Place  of  assembly. 

majmu'.  Arab.  Collected ;  united ;  gathered ; 
sum  total. 

majntin.  Arab.  Possessed  of  a  devil. 
Saperti  laku  orang  majnun :  behaving  as  one 
possessed;  Ht,  Kal.  Dam.,  243. 

majuj.     See  mdjtij,  . 

majusi.  Arab.  Appertaining  to  the  Magians; 
fire-worshipping ;  Magian  ;  ancient  Persian. 

muchah.  Pers.  An  eyebrow ;  KL,  v.  d.  W., 
Pijn. 

muhabbat.     Arab.     Love.     Rachun  m.  :   the 

poison  of  love;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  140.  Angin 
yang  terbit  dari-dalani  taman  muhabbat :  a  wind 
which  takes  its  rise  in  the  garden  of  love;  Ht. 
Abd.,  222.  Jambatan  m, :  the  bridge  of  love ; 
the  lap;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  126. 


muhtasham.  Arab.  Shameless.  Sa-orang 
iuwa  muhtasham :  a  shameless  old  scoundrel ; 
Ht.  Ism/Yat.,  17. 


MIHRAB 


[    642    ] 


m£dang 


--*];^    mihr&b.     Arab.      The    niche    in    a    mosque 

showing  the  direction  in  which  Mecca  lies; 
Muj.,  56;  Ht.  Abd.,  437. 

^^   muhaiTam.     Arab.     The  name  of  the  first 

'  month  of  the   Muhammadan  Calendar;    Ht. 

Abd.,  406. 


fc*«*!SF* 


mahshar.     Arab.     Place  of  gathering;  place 
of  assembly. 


\q\^  mahfiltl.  Arab.  Learning  by  heart; 
thoroughly  acquiring  any  knowledge ;  Muj.,  37. 
Mahfutlkan:  to  so  acquire  knowledge;  Muj., 
37-* 

Luh  mahfutl :  the  tablet  of  Fate ;  Sh.  Lamp., 
13 ;  Sh,  Tab.  Mimp.,  3.     Also  IM  tahfutL 


mahkamah.  Arab.  Courts  of  Justice ;  the  law  ; 
the  Bench;  Sh.  Peng,,  8;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  157. 

muhallil.      Arab.      The  man  who  makes   (a 

marriage)  lawful ;  the  intermediate  husband  of 
a  woman  who  wishes  to  remarry  a  husband 
who  has  fully  divorced  her  and  can  only  do  so 
by  being  married  and  divorced  to  someone  else 
first.     Also  china  buta. 


JJ^    muhamiDad.     Arab.  Laudable ;  to  be  praised ; 

the  name  of  the  Prophet  Muhammad;    Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  427 ;  Sh.  L  M.  P.,  4! 

4j  J^    muhammadiyyah.    Arab.     Yang  muhamma' 

diyyah:     Muhammadan;      connected      with 
Muhammad;  Muj.,  14. 


c5> 


^\^ 


sljX^ 


mahmM.  Arab.  Praised ;  belauded ;  a  well- 
known  proper  name.  Al-mahmtid  rasul 
Allah:  praised  be  the  Prophet  of  God;  Ht. 
Md.  Hanaf.,  57. 

mahtdiXL.     A  well-known  proper   name  (often 

transliterated  maidin  ormydin),  a  contraction 
of  muhiyV  d-din. 

makhdAm.  Arab.  Master,  lord,  commander ; 
Sej.  MaL,  89. 

makhltik.     Arab.     Created;    created  things; 

creatures.  Di-ketahtiwi  uleh  segala  makhluk : 
all  creatures  know;  Ht.  Abd.,  192.  Also  Ht. 
Abd.,  410,  448. 

madd.  Arab.  Lengthening,  drawing  out; 
the  use  of  the  vowel  point  which  marks  the 
long  alif, 

madali.  A  musical  instrument  (obsolete), — 
presumably  a  wind  instrument.  Usually 
pronounced  mudelli,  q.  v. 

muddat.      [Arab,  ©^  ]  Length ;  space.  Diyam 

di'Makkah  beberapa  muddat :  dwelling  at  Mecca 
for  some  length  of  time ;  Sh.   Lail.  Mejn.,  7. 


T^  madah.  Arab.  A  saying;  a  witty  remark. 
Demi  di-dengar  akan  madah  puteri  Bakuwali : 
when  the  princess's  words  were  heard;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  99. 

Bennadah  to  speak  wittily;  (in  polite 
language)  to  speak  whether  wittily  or  not. 
Bay  an  itupandai  berjenaka  dan  bermadah :  the 
parrokeet  was  clever  at  quips  and  witty 
speeches ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya, 

Madahkan:  to  narrate;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  113. 
U^J'^    madras.     Arab.     A  book ;  a  scholar. 


A^jjjk 


madrasah.  [Arab,  madrasat.]  A  place  of 
learning ;  a  school,  usually  a  religious  school  in 
connection  with  a  mosque.     Cf.  bandarsah. 

mSdang.  A  generic  name  given  to  a  number 
of  trees  of  the  order  laurinece  and  to  others 
which  have  a  timber  of  similar  appearance; 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  VIII.,  132. 

M.  api-api :  adinandra  dumosa, 
M.  asani :     elceocarptis   mastersi ;    lophopetalnm 
fimbriafum  ;  or  phcebe  mnltiflora. 
M.  belanak  :  gironniera  subcequalis. 
M.  bunga :  lifsia  myristicmfolia, 
M.  bunut :  anisophylleia,  sp. 
M.  burong :  phcebe^  sp. 
M*  busok  :  litsea  polyantha, 
M.  gajah  :  randia  anisophylla, 
M.  gelugor :  pyrenaria  acuminata* 

M.  hempas  Ubu :  gironniera  nervosa.     Also  m. 
hitam. 

M.  hudang :  tetractomia  laurifolia. 

M.  jarak  ;  mallotus  lanctfolius. 

M,  kasap  :  gironniera  nervosa, 

M.  kawan  :  elceocarpus  obtusus, 

M.  kelabu :  endospermum  malaccense, 

M,  keladi  :  helicia  robusta, 

M.  kelawar :  pygeum^  sp. 

M.  kemangi :  cinnamomum  parthenoxylon, 

M.  kuning :    actinodaphne,  sp. ;     also    crypto- 
carya  ccesia, 

M.  layang :  helicia  robusta, 

M.  lebar  daun  :  alseodaphne  semecarpifoUa, 

M.  lenggundi :  erythroxylon  birmanicum, 

M.  melukut  jantan :  eurya  acuminata. 

M.  merah :  phcebe  multiflora, 

M.  miyang  :  litsea  amara. 

M,  panjang :  pimelandra  wallichii, 

M.pasir  :  phcebe  multiflora;   vatica  ridleyana ; 
and  pittosporum  ferrugineum, 

M,  pay  a  :   Under  a    malaccensis,    and   myristica 
intermedia. 

M.  perawas  :  lindera,  sp. 

M.  pipit :  eleocarpus  parvifolius. 

M.  seluwang  :  litsea  zeylanica. 


MfeDANQGA 


[    643    ] 


m]6rta 


3^ 


ci-X* 


M,  serai  :  pentace  triptera. 

M.  sireh  :  meliosma  nitida. 

M,  tahi  ayant :  litsea  myristicmfolia, 

M,  tahi  kerbau  :  alstonia  macrophylla. 

M.  tanah  :  eleocarpus  obtusus. 

M.  tandok  :  (Pahang)  micropora  curtisii, 

M.  tanjong :  eleocarpus  Integra, 

M,  telor  :  eugenia  griffithii, 

M,  wangi :  erythroxylon  birmanicum* 

m^dangga.  (Kedah.)  A  musical  instrument ; 
=  merdangga, 

mgdanggi.  (Kedah.)  A  musical  instrument ; 
=  merdanggi. 

mSdak.  The  approach  of  putrefaction  in  dry- 
ing fish  ;  the  first  signs  of  putrefaction ;  nearly 
rotten. 

mudSUi.  A  musical  instrument ;  an  obsolete 
wind-instrument  mentioned  in  romances;  Sej, 
Mai.,  93 ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  130 ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

m€du.  I.  Squeamishness ;  a  feehng  of  in- 
ability to  swallow  or  retain  food;  nausea. 
M .  hati  :  id. 

11.  Medu  wangsa  :  a  complimentary  epithet 
occurring  in  romances  {sedang  terona  medu- 
wangsa) ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

maddah.    Arab.     The  name  of  a  vowel  point. 

madi.  [Arab.(^iw.]  One  of  the  three  ele- 
ments in  the  sperma  genitale ;  v.  madzi. 

madlnah.  Arab.  The  town  of  Medinah,  the 
burial  place  of  Muhammad. 


t' 


madzbah. 

sacrifice. 


Arab.     An     altar;      a     place     of 


madzbfth.     Arab.     Offered     up;     sacrificed; 
Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  34. 


j>  Xik    mudzakkar.     Arab.    Male ;  masculine ;  manly. 


madzkClr.  Arab.  Mentioned;  stated.  Saperti 
yang  termadzur :  as  follows ;  Ht.  Abd.,  399 ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  II, 

madzhab.  Arab.  Sect;  school,  ^.g^.,  of  poetry; 
Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  6. 

madzi.  [Arab. :  involuntary  seminal  flow.] 
One  of  the  three  vitalizing  elements  in  the 
sperma  genitale;    Muj.,  74;    Sh.  I.  M.  P.,  16. 

See  s.  V.  mdnikam. 


J*    marr.     Arab.     Check  (in  chess). 


murr.     Arab.     Bitter;  myrrh. 

TCLVCkt.  Arab.  Mirror.  Mirdtti'l-muminin : 
"mirror  of  the  faithful;"  the  name  of  a 
religious  treatise. 

murM.  Arab.  Wish,  desire ;  the  thing  wished ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  155. 


mfirangu.     A  musical  wind-instrument  of  an 
obsolete  type ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ;  Ht.  Berm.  Sh. 

meraga.     [Skr.  marga.]     A  wild  animal ;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah,     Usually  merga  or  mergestuwa,  q.  v. 

mSragi.     Btirong  meragi:   the  painted  snipe; 
from  ragi,  q.  v. 

m^rawan.     A  tree ;  hopea  mengarawan.     Also 
the  name  of  a  fish  (unidentified). 

mfirahat.     Excepting ;    excluding ;     without ; 

=  hanya, 

mSrbatu.     A  generic  name  given  to  a  number 
of  trees. 

M.  kechil :  parinarium  nitidum. 

M,  loyang  :  parinarium  griffithianum. 

M.  pasir :  pachinocarpus  wallichii. 


y  \j^    mgrbakau.     A  plant  (unidentified) 


mSrbaya.     Danger; — a  contraction  of  mara- 
behaya,  q.  v. 


mSrSbak  or  mgrbak.  Spreading  an  agree- 
able aroma  around;  to  spread,  of  an  odour. 
Usually  in  the  form  semerbaL  Bunga  bhMUling 
istana  itu-pun  berkentbang-lah  semerbak  bau-nya ; 
the  flowers  round  the  palace  burst  into  blossom 
shedding  their  fragrance  far  and  wide*;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.     Also  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;  Ht.  Abd.,  79. 

mfirSbok.  A  bird  somewhat  resembling  a 
wild  dove;  Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  5;  Sh.  Raj,  Haji. 

mSrbau.  A  well-known  tree;  afzelia  palem- 
banica, 

M.  ayer;    m,  kunyet ;    or   m.  tandok:  afzelia 
coriacea. 

marbtit.  Arab.  A  marabout;  a  holy  (Muham- 
madan)  hermit. 

mfirbulan.  A  tree  (unidentified) ;  it  yields  a 
soft  wood. 

mgrbuloh.     A  plant;  gynotroches axillaris. 
M.  kechil :  myristica  missionis, 

mSrdbah  or  mgrbah.  A  bird  which  is  often 
kept  in  cages  by  Malays  and  is  believed  to 
bring  good  fortune  to  its  owners ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya  ;  Ht.  Koris. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. ;  Sh.  Ungg. 
Bers.,  24 ;  Sh.  Pant.  ShL,  6.  M.  jambul  and 
m,  kapor :  varieties  of  this  bird. 

m6rb6haya  or  marabghaya.  Danger; 
peril ;  v.  mar  a  and  behaya, 

mSrbekang  or  mSrbikang.  A  plant  (un- 
identified). 

mSrta.  I.  Serta  mirta :  and  on  that  very 
moment ;  then  at  once ;  forthwith. 

II.     [Skr.  amreta.]      Ayer  merta-jiwa :   the 
water  of  life. 


mIirit 


[  644  ] 


mSrunggai 


mSrit.       Padi  merit :  a  variety  of  padi, 
mSrtajam.     A  tree  ;  erioglosstmi  edule. 


mgrtapal  or    mfirtapul.     A   tree  (unidenti- 
fied). 


(Jv^    mdrtala.     A  tree  (unidentified). 

J*    mnrtad.     Arab.     Renegade ;  apostate 


martabat.  Arab.  A  rung,  of  a  ladder;  a 
grade  or  scale  of  rank.  Ttijoh  m. :  the  seven 
scales ;  throughout. 


martel.     [Port,  martelo.]     A  hammer  ;    Kam. 
Kech.,  10. 


iS^j^    mgrtambak.     A  tree  (unidentified). 

u3^    mSrtUWa.       Father-in-law ;      mother-in-law ; 
Laws  of  Palembang,  Simb.  Ch,,  14.     Usually 


^^>*   mgrjagong 


mentuwa. 

A  plant,  ixonanthes  obovata^ 

ti^T^    mSrjali.     A  tree  (unidentified). 
\-^^    maij§,n      or      mgljan.        [Arab.      marjAn.] 


cj'^r 


Blood-red  coral ;  red  coral  beads. 


^J^    marja^     Arab.    Return ;   going  back. 


J^r 


mSrcha.  I.  [Skr.  marcha.]  Fainting,  swoon- 
ing. Sa4engah  mercha  dalam  hairdn-nya : 
some  fainted  in  their  astonishment;  Ht.  Ism. 
Yat.,  42.  Sedar  daripada  mercha :  to  come  to 
oneself  after  a  fainting-fit;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  41. 

IL     [Skr.  martya,]     Mercha  pada  :  the  abode 
of  mortals ;  the  earth ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 
ni.     (Kedah.)    Ragged;  torn  ;  in  tatters. 
Sebab   miskin  pakai  mercha, 
Tepi  kain   berambu-rambu : 

because  of  his  poverty  he  is  clothed  in  rags, 
the  border  of  his  garment  is  all  in  tatters. 

march.  Eng.  The  month  of  March;  Ht. 
Abd.,  474. 

mSrchali.     A  tree  (unidentified). 

mdrchapada.  [Skr.  martyapdda.]  The 
earth ;  the  abode  of  mortals ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed.  Cf. 

manjapada. 

mfirchun.  Crackers;  fireworks;  cartridges. 
Memasang  m. :  to  fire  crackers ;  Ht.  Abd.,  350. 

Merchun   btdoh^  senapang  bambti, 
Kapada  sehaya  jangan  di-tuju : 
do  not  aim  at  me  with  your  bamboo  cartridges 
and  your  wooden  gun ;  do  not  try  and  frighten 
me  with  threats  which  I  know^  to  be  empty; 
Prov. 

merchu.  Highest  pinnacle;  summit;  crest. 
M,  gunong  :  the  summit  of  a  mountain  ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Jaya.  Ayer  itu  turun  dart  merchu  pulati 
itu:  the  water  flows  down  from  the  highest 
point  of  the  island ;  Ht.  Koris. 


D* 


p^j* 


>^ 


mSreh.     [Arab,     marah  ?] 
muscles  of  the  neck. 


Urat   mereh :   the 


marhiim.    Arab. 
Mercy   of  God,- 


deceased ;  Ht.    Abd.,  198,  425. 
"  the  late  "  (used  of  princes). 


Having    experienced      the 
-an  expression    used   of  the 


Al-marhum . 


mardan,       [Pers. ;    plur.   of  mard :    a   man.] 
Men ;  heroes.     Hikdyat  Shah-marddn  :  the  name 

of    an    ancient    romance    ; — more    correctly 
Hikdyat  Shah4-inarddn  :  the  stor}^  of  the  King 

of  Men.     It  is  sometimes  called  the  Hikdyat 

Shaikh  Marddn. 


ji 


■^j*  merdangga.  [Old  Javanese  mredangga.]  A 
musical  instrument;  Sej.  Mai.,  144.  Also 
(Kedah)  medangga. 

^S-^jM    merdanggi.  A  bird  mentioned  in  old  romances. 
Also  (Kedah)  medanggi. 


j>V 


^.5vJb 


^^ 


merdu.  [Skr.  mredu,]  Soft;  sweet,  of  the 
voice  or  of  music.  Bunyi-bunyiyan  yang 
amat  merdu  :  very  sweet  music ;  Ht.  Abd.,  221. 
Sayang  suwara  yang  merdu  menjadi  parau : 
sad  that  so  soft  a  voice  should  become  harsh 
(through  sobbing) ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

MerdU'Wali :    a    name    given    to    a   musical 
instrument;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 


merdeheka  or  mgrdahika.  [Skr.  mahard- 
dhika.]  Freedom  in  contradistinction  to 
slavery.  Tiyada  buleh  menaroh  hamba 
melainkan  semuwa-nya  merdeheka :  slaves  may 
not  be  kept ;  all  are  free ;  Ht.  Abd.,  335.  Also 
Ht.  Abd.,  150,  259. 

Merdehekakan :  to  liheTQ.te  from  slavery;  Sej. 
Mai.,  57 ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  42 ;  Ht.  Abus.,  9 ; 
Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  17.  Pemerdeheka :  a  liberator; 
Ht.  Best. 

Pronounced  (Riau,  Johor)  merdeka  or  (Kedah) 
mardeka, 

meresek.     Shrill,  of  sound ;  V.  resek. 


mursal.     Arab.  Apostle ;  one  sent.     Nabi  7n, : 
id. ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  23. 

mersuji.     A  salt-water  fish  (unidentified). 

marghtib.    Arab.   Desirable ;  beautiful ;  sweet, 
of  music ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  130,  147. 

merang.     Merah  merang:   bright    red;    fiery 
red;  KL,  v.  d.  W.,  Pijn, 

mSrangsi.     A  lofty  tree  (unidentified) ;  Kl. 

merunggai.     A     plant-name;     a    variant    of 
remunggai. 


MilRPATI 


[    645    ] 


M&ROMBONG 


ivs 


L>S^ 


y. 


'r 


mdrpati     or    mgrgpati.      [Skr.    hharyapati,] 
A  dove ;  a  pigeon. 

Dayong  merpati  or  dayong  merpati  sa-kawan  : 
oars,  the  blades  of  which  are  painted  white 
and  suggest  the  flight  of  a  flock  of  birds  as 
they  rise  and  fall  in  unison. 

mSrpadi.     Merpadi  paya  :   a  plant,    symplocos 
fascictdata. 

mgrpayang.     A    plant      (unidentified);     KL, 
V.  d.  W.,  Pijn. 

mSrpul.     A  creeping  or  climbing  plant   (un- 
identified). 

merpelam.     The  mango;  usually  mempelam, 
q.v. 


merpantai. 

V.  d.  W. 

merpusing. 

W.,  Pijn. 


A      tree      (unidentified);     KL, 
A  tree  (unidentified) ;    KL,  v.  d. 


fi^j^    mferpuying.     A  plant,  caralUa  integerrima. 


mSrpitis.  A  plant  (unidentified) ;  also  (Kedah) 
tnempifis. 


i-^^^jM    mSrpisang.     A  plant ;  polyalthia  jenkinsit } 


O^ 


mSrak.      The  peacock.     M.  betina  :  a  peahen. 

M.  ntas  :  a  golden  peacock ;  a  type  of  a  beauti- 
ful bird  in  romances;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  M.  tnengi- 
gal :  the  peacock  displaying  its  tail ;  a  type  of 
ornament.  M,  mengigal  di-hutan :  a  peacock 
showing  its  charms  in  the  forest;  wasting 
fragrance  on  the  desert  air;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
I.,  89. 

marka.     A   mark    on  a  log  or  sounding-line. 
Also  markah. 


murka.      [Skr.  nmrkha,]     Wrath;  anger;  the  1 

wrath  of  God  or  of  a  prince.     Maka  haginda  \ 

raja  Majapahit   pun    terlalu    murka  menengar  \ 

sembah  utusan  itu :  His  Majesty  the  Prince  of  I 

Majapahit  was  extremely  angry  when  he  heard  ' 
the  envoy's  words;  Sej.  MaL,  54. 

Murkai :  to  be  angered ;  to  become  angry ;  I 
Sej.  MaL,  loi.  Murkakan  :  to  be  angry  with  i 
(a  person) ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  i 

murakkab.     Arab.     Put  together,  connected, 
united. 

mSrgkap  or  mdrakkap,    A  colloquial  variant 
of  murakkab, 

mSrkubang.       A    tree    {mezzetia  herveyana) ; 
also  (Kedah)  mengkubang. 

mgrkuli.     A  plant  (unidentified);  also  (Kedah) 
mengkuli.     Its  root  yields  a  narcotic  poison. 


^/j 


\^ 


<. 


^ 


s 


'r 


mSrkunyet.  A  kar  mcrkunyet :  a  plant, 
coscinum  bhwieamwL  Also  (Kedah)  mengkunyet, 

markah.  [Port,  marka,']  The  mark  on  a 
log   or   sounding   line  ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL, 

65.     Also  marka. 

mSrekah.  To  crack ;  to  split,  of  fruit,  etc. 
Saga  m, :  the  cracking  Indian  pea,  a  simile  for 
teeth  (the  redness  of  the  pea  suggesting  the 
lips) ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.  Delima  m, :  the  splitting 
pomegranate  ;  id.     See  rekah, 

m6rga  ormarga.  I.  {Skx.mrega,]  A  wild 
animal.  Di-mana  pula  merga  sa-macham  ini 
tahu  berkata-kata  :  how  can  a  wild  beast  like 
this  come  to  know  how  to  speak ;  Ht.  Best. 
Maka  keluwar-lah  suwatu^  merga  terlalu  besar-nya 
kepala-nya  sa-ribu  :  there  issued  a  wild  beast  of 
enormous  size  with  a  thousand  heads ;  Ht. 
P.  J.  P. 

Merga-dipati :  king  of  beasts;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
50- 

Merga-satwa  :  wild  animals;  Ht.  Mas  Ed.; — 
usually  pronounced  mergestiiwa. 

II.  Marga-jiwa:  [Skr.  amreta-jiwa]  the 
Water  of  Life.     Better  merta-jiwa. 

III.  B along  merga  :  a  rose-comb  ;  C.  and  S. 


\vu^   mgrgestuwa. 

Jr     y^      animal ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed 


[Skr.    mrega-satwa,] 
Cf.  merga. 


A  wild 


•  ^  mgrgok.  [Arab.  jV.  •]  A  long  veil  worn  by 
women  during  and  after  the  pilgrimage  to 
Mecca. 


mSral,  A  tree  (unidentified);  KL,  v.  d.  W., 
Pijn. 

m6r§la.  Improperly  suggestive, — used  of  a 
woman's  behaviour. 

mSrdlang.  I.  Smooth  edged;  without  a 
framework  or*  rim  or  raised  edge, — of  plates, 
tablets,  etc. 

II.  To  glitter ;  v.  relang. 

III.  (Selangor.)  A  large  tree,  pterospermum 
diversifolium, 

mfirlokan.  A  tree  (unidentified) ;  also  (Kedah) 
melokan, 

mdrlilin.  A  plant  (unidentified)  ;  J.  LA.,  L, 
259.     Also  (Kedah)  melilin. 

mSrlimau.  A  kar  merlimau :  a  scandent  thorny 
wild  orange,  paramignya  monophylla.  Also 
(Kedah)  melimau, 

mdrombong.  A  small  tree  ;  timontus 
jambosella.     Also  adina  polycephala. 

M.  bukit :  vernonia  arborea. 

M,  bukit  bBsar :  vaiica  pallida. 


8r 


MiBAMBAI 


[    646    ] 


MASA'ALAH 


^^j^    m6rambai.     A  tree  (unidentified). 

^jM    mSranti.     A  name  given  to  a  number  of  the 
-  Shoreas  (trees),  the  timber  of  which  is  in  great 

request  for  building  and  planking ;  Sh.  Raj. 
Haji,  183. 

ilf.  daun  kechil :  shorea  parvifolia, 

M.  pay  a  :  shorea  acuminata. 

M,  puteh :  hopea  griffifhiana, 

M.  tahi :  shorea  curtisii. 


^j^    mSranda.     See  randa. 

iii^^j^    mSrubi.     Keris  membi 
Patani  make. 


a    peculiar    keris  of 


^— ^J/^    mfiruwap.    To  boil  over ;  to  become  damp ; 
to  fester ;  v.  uwap  and  mwap. 

^X^    mSruwah.     (Kedah.)     To   lose   all    sense    of 
shame. 


Otxr^ 


mSroyan.     I.     Sakit  meroyan:    a   disease    of 
women. 

IL     A  generic  name  given  to  a  number  of 
plants. 

M.  bangkai :  dianella  ensifolia, 

M,  batu :  a  shrub,  lasianthtis,  sp. 

M.  busok  :  dissochoeta  punctulata, 

M,  jantan  :  dissochoeta  celebica, 

M.  kabut :  clerodendron  nutans. 

M,  papan :  aspidium  singaporianum, 

M,  pay  a  :  =  tn,  jantan. 

M.  sombong  :  anadendrum  montanum, 

M.  tinggal :  globba,  sp. 

A  kar  m.  sejok  :  dissochoeta  bracteata. 

^    mSrah.     I.     A  title   in  use  in  Sumatra  and 
Java;  Sej.  Mai.;  Ht.  Sh.     Also  marah. 

1 1.     Pleasure,  cheerfulness,  brightness. 


mSreh.     [Arab.^^?]     The    windpipe;    Kl. ; 

V.   d.   W.     Urat  mereh    is    really    the   name 
given  to  the  sides  of  the  neck.     Cf,  amris. 

mdrioha.    Jav.     Pepper;  =  lada. 

msurikh.    Arab.    The  planet  Mars. 

murid.     Arab.     Pupil,   disciple.    Anak   m. :  a 
pupil ;  a  scholar. 


j^   mareka  or  marika.    Marika-itu :  they. 

r^sijA    mSrikan.     I.     American  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  345. 

II.  Tarn.  An  honorific  title  in  use  among 
Muhammadans  from  Southern  India  settled  in 
the  Straits. 

jTjA    mazyaxn.    Arab.     Miriam ;  Mary. 

Siti  Maryam :  the  name  given  to  the  Virgin 
Mary. 


Kj^   mSryam  or  mSiiyam.    A  cannon. 

Bunoh  di-mulut  in. :  to  kill  by  fastening  a 
man  to  the  mouth  of  a  cannon  and  firing  it  off; 
Ht.  Abd.,  131.  Pasang  m. :  to  fire  a  cannon ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  109 ;  Cr.  Gr.,  44.  Puchok  m. :  can- 
non-shots.    Buwah  m. :  cannon  balls. 

M.  agong  :a  double  cannon ;  a  double-barrelled 
cannon. 

M.  buloh  :  a  cannon  with  a  smooth  cylindri- 
cal outer  surface  (as  opposed  to  one  which  is 
much  broader  at  the  breach  than  at  the 
muzzle). 

M.  duwa  sa-haluwan :  the  two  bow  guns  in  a 
piratical  perahu. 

M,  jenjuloftg  or  m.  jolong-jolong :  a  long 
narrow-bored  gun,  tapering  away  to  near  the 
muzzle  and  then  slightly  thickening. 

M.  katak  :  a  short  squat  howitzer-like  gun. 

M.  peminggang :  the  broadside  guns  in  a 
Malay  ship's  battery. 

M.  turut :  the  stern  guns  in  a  Mslsiy  perahu. 
Bendawat  m.  :  the  lashings  of  a  gun. 
Pedati  m. :  the  gun-carriage. 
Ringgit  m. :  the  pillar  dollar. 

j^j*    mgrinyu.     [  Port,  marinho.  ]     A  forest-ranger 
'^         of  the  Land  Office  ;  =  (in  Penang)  ^^^o'  kayu. 

jj^j^    mazmfir.     Arab.     Psalm ;  hymn  ;  flute. 

(j**^    mas.     Gold,  golden ;  a  term   of  endearment ; 
a  Javanese  title.     See  emas. 


J 


V^wu^    musara.       [  Arab.      mushdharat.  ]       Monthly 
payment ;  wage  ;  salary  ;   pay. 


9'j^^    mSsarong.     A  shell,  pinna. 

3\,Aj^    musafir.     Arab.     A  traveller;    a  stranger;   a 


Cr  ^ 


43«^L^ 


guest. 

masakan.  An  expression  of  doubt  or  interro- 
gation ;  =  masa  akan. 

Jika   tidak  karena  btdan, 

Masakan   bintang  timor  tinggi; 

Jika  tidak   karina  tuwan, 

Masakan   abang  datang  ka-mari : 

were  it  not  for  the  moon  would  the  day-star  be 
shining  on  high ;  were  it  not  for  you,  my  love, 
would  your  lover  be  coming  hither;  Cr.  Gr., 
62.    See  masa. 

mas&'alah.  [Arab,  masd'alat;  plural  of 
musd'H,  a  question.]  A  thesis;  a  puzzling 
question ;  a  poser ;  an  enigma ;  a  riddle ;  a 
point  of  dogma;  interrogatories,  queries. 
Ada-pun  masd'alah  yang pertama  baik  b^rkata- 
kata  daripada  diyam ;  the  first  question  to  be 
put  is  *'  is  speech  better  than  silence " ;  Ht. 
Raj.  SuL,  2.     Baik  kita  chart  empat  masd'alah 


MASA'IL 


[    647    ] 


MISRU 


yang  mmhkil :  let  us  find  four  difficult  questions 
to  put ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  390.  Kitdb  masd'alah 
sa-ribti :  '^  the  book  of  the  thousand  questions  "  ; 
an  account  of  a  thousand  questions  addressed 
to  Muhammad  with  the  intention  of  proving  his 
doctrines  unsound. 


AjLu^ 


masall.    Arab. 
masd'alat. 


A    question;  a   problem;    v. 


masta  or  mfista.  Buwah  masta  :  a  name  given 
to  the  mangosteen  in  some  of  the  Northern 
states  of  the  Peninsula, 

mustapa.      I.        [Arab.    Jia.^*.]        Selected; 

chosen;  a  proper  name ;  v.  jiaua^. 
II.     A  colloquial  variant  of  nastapa,  q.  v. 

mustajab.  Arab.  Efficacious;  prompt  and 
certain  to  act,  of  a  remedy  ;  Muj.,  44,  47 ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  75. 

mustahakk.     Arab.     Merit,  reward,  w^orth. 

mustahil.  Arab.  Foolish;  absurd.  MtistahU 
pada  'akal  perkataan  yang  demikiyan  itu :  such 
words  are  patently  absurd  to  any  one  who 
thinks ;  Ht.  Abd,,  345.  Cf.  also  :  Ht.  Abd.,  54, 
90.  Khabar yang  mustahtl  jangan  di-dengarkan  : 
do  not  lend  an  ear  to  absurd  rumours ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  25. 
Mtistahilkan :  to  stultify;  to  render  absurd; 
Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  8. 

mestad.     Eng.     Mustard. 


jw»    mistar.     I.     Eng.    Mr.;    a  prefix  to    English 
names. 
XL     See  mistar. 


^VXgMiA 


iSj^""*^    mSsteri.     A  master-workman. 


musta^id.  [Arab.  mustaHdd.]  Ready;  cap- 
able ;  in  fit  condition  or  working  order,  Sa- 
telah  nttista^id'lah  segala perbekalan  :  when  all  the 
provision  for  the  journey  had  been  got  ready; 
Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  46.  Telah  sudah  mustaHd :  as 
soon  as  he  was  ready  (on  the  spot) ;  Sej.  Mai., 

mustaMm.     Arab.    Upright,    sincere.    Sirdtu 

H-mmtakim :  the  razor-like  bridge  over  which 
the  righteous  have  to  enter  heaven ;  Sh.  Tab. 
Mimp.,  2. 

mastul.     See  mastuH. 

mastuli.  A  thick  cloth  of  considerable  value ; 
Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.^  Juwal  sutBra  bSli 
mastuli :  to  sell  silk  in  order  to  buy  mastuli;  to 
make  a  change  for  the  better ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A,  S., 
XI.,  50.    Cf.  emas, 

I  In  some  passages  {e.g.,  adayang  memahai  m.  hUrpahankm 
hna$:  Ht.  Sh.  Kub).  it  is  not  clear  whether  mastuli  is  meant 
or  another  word  miatul,  which  is  said  to  be  a  head-fillet 
{Ungkolok),  Cf.  also  Ht.  Hg,  Tuw.,  67. 


1  *?  -.^A 
{J"^^*^ 

u 


X^^ma    mesti.     [Jav.;   cf.  pesti,']     Needs;   necessity; 

-  needs  must ;  certainly  must,     Mesti  sanak-nya 

memberi  iahu  :  her  family  must  furnish  informa- 
tion;  Laws  of  Palembang,  Simb.  Ch.,  13. 

w.3n^JI,wu^  mestika  or  mustika.  A  bezoar-stone ;  a  talis- 
man ;  a  term  of  praise  or  endearment,  M. 
yang  tiyada  teniilaikan  herga-nya :  a  bezoar  of 
inestimable  value ;  Ht,  Gul.  Bak.,  64.  M.  di- 
karang :  bezoars  set  in  jewellery ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng.  Gemala'dlam,  mustika  7iegeri :  gem  of 
the  world,  talisman  of  my  country;  Sh.  Panj. 
Sg.  Jauliar  mustika  ratu  perempuwan  :  my  gem, 
my  talisman,  my  queen  among  women;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg.  Laksana  mustika  embun  :  like  the 
bezoar  obtained  from  dew  (a  fabulous  gem 
which  is  believed  to  bring  even  the  dead  to 
life);  Prov.  Laksana  mustika  gamat :  like  the 
bezoar  obtained  from  the  sea-slug  (another 
talisman  of  inestimable  value) ;  Prov. 

jy^*A  masjid  or  mesejid.  [Arab,  masjid,]  A  mosque, 
especially  a  mosque  of  general  assembly, 
in  contradistinction  to  a  private  chapel  (surau 
or  bandarsah) ;  Ht.  Abd.,  14, 32, 448.  Masjidu'l- 
hardm :  the  great  Mosque  at  Mecca ;  Ht.  Suit, 
ibr. 
The  word  is  sometimes  pronounced  mhegit. 

maskharah.  [Arab,  maskharat,]  ^  Joking, 
especially  practical  joking ;  a  practical  joker. 

"  Sa4aku  tuwan-hamha  hendak  berbuwat  maskha- 
rahkah  akan  hamba :  as  though  you  were  about 
to  play  some  trick  or  other  at  my  expense ; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam .,  176.  Memmjokkan  maskharah  : 
to  display  one's  skill  in  practical  joking;  to 
show  off  at  another's  expense;  Ht.  Hamz.,  gg. 

lipo*^  mSsSra.  [Skr.  mishra,]  Permeation;  com- 
plete assimilation  or  commingling  or  absorption, 
— as  salt  is  apparently  absorbed  by  water,  or 
as  habit  becomes  a  second  nature.  Sa-luroh 
^dlam  chehaya-nya  mesera:  the  whole  earth 
absorbs  its  splendour;  Bint.  Timor  (motto). 
MesBra-lah  bau-nya  itu  ka-dalam  jantong  hati 
baginda :  its  fragrance  reached  the  very  heart 
of  the  monarch;  Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  126. 

Selaseh  di-tepi  tubir 

Tanam   bidara  di4Spi  perigi; 

Kaseh  tuwan  di-luwar  bibir, 
Tidak  mesera  ka-dalam  hati: 

your  love  exists  upon  your  lips  and  has  not 
been  absorbed  into  the  heart. 


oJ^ 


oj^*^  masarrat. 

ment. 


Arab.   Gladness,  pleasure,  content- 


Or^ 


ir^ 


misrun.     A  variant  of  misru,  q.  v. 


misru.  Shot  with  gold,  of  cloth ;  cloth  with 
threads  of  gold  running  through  it.  Baju  m. : 
a  coat  of  this  material;  Ht.  Koris.  Seluwar 
m.:  trowsers  of  it;  Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  43*  Also 
misrun  (=  misruwan?);  Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  45. 


MISTAR 


[    648    ] 


MISR 


igMt4 


t^"***^ 


mistar.     Arab.     A  ruled  line;   (by  extension) 

a  ruler.  Ada'pun  jalan  segala  pantun  Melayii 
itu  empat-empat  mistar  ada-nya :  all  Malay 
pantuns  run  to  four  lines ;  Pel.  Abd.,  107. 

The  Malay  **  ruler "  is  in  no  sense  like  an 
English  ruler  ;  it  consists  of  a  board  with  an 
arrangement  of  strings  which  leave  a  sort  of 
dented  line  on  the  paper.  Papan  m, :  this 
Malay  ruling-board;  Ht.  Abd.,  38.  M.tnen- 
ytirat:  id.;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  25. 

mSsak.     A  salt-water  fish  (unidentified). 

maskat.     Arab.     Muscat  in  Arabia. 

miskin.  Arab.  Poverty;  poor.  Jikalau  eng- 
kau  miskin  pinta-lah  pada  yang  kaya  :  if  you  are 
poor,  ask  of  Him  who  is  All-wealthy  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  5.  Miskin  Ml  kehidopanku  :  my  condi- 
tion in  life  is  one  of  poverty ;  Ht.  Abd.,  5. 
Pronounced  (often)  misekin, 

maski  or  m6ski.  [Port,  masque.]  Although; 
even  though.  Meski  berbisek  sehaya-pun  tahti : 
though  you  speak  in  whispers,  I  shall  come 
to  know;  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  5.  Meski  sa-ribu 
herbanjar-pun  sa-kali  mati  semuwa-nya :  even 
when  arranged  a  thousand  deep  the  whole 
thousand  perished  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 


m§s6git.     A  mosque  ;~ 
masjidf  q,  v. 

mgsSlang.      A    tree 
(Kedah)   mensalang. 


-a  corruption  of  (Arab.) 


(unidentified)   ;      also 


muslim.     I.     Eur.    Muslin.  j 

n.     Arab.    Muhammadan ;    a    follower     of  ! 

Islam.   AmtruH-muslimin :     Leader     of     the  \ 

Muhammadan    world;     Commander    of   the  \ 

Faithful.  A  mtm 7 muslimin  'Umar  :  the  Caliph  \ 
Omar. 

masnad.     Arab.     A    cushion  ;    a   pillow ;    a  | 

cushion-seat;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz.  ^ 

jU*AM»    mdsuwara.      [Skr.  maheswdra,']     Ketika  mesti-  \ 

wara :  the  period  of  day  presided  over  by  Siva  j 

(Maheswara)  ;    a    favourable    time     for    any  i 

enterprise.  I 

mSsuwi  or  mSswi.     A  tree  with  a  fragrant 
bark  used  medicinally ;  cortex  onineus  ?  Kayu 
the  bark  so  used. 


iSy-^ 


m. 


masih.       Arab.       Messiah, 
Messiah  ;  Christ. 


Al-masih :     the 


^?*wi    masihi.     Arab.     Christian,  Protestant.  Orang 

m. :  a  Protestant ;  Ht.  Abd.,  187.  Tahun 
m, :  the  year  of  Our  Lord ;  Ht.  Abd.,  266. 
Tarikh   m.  :  the  Christian  era ;  Ht.  Abd.,  3. 

W*^    mfisirah.     A   name    given    to    a    few    small 
plants.     Also  (Kedah)  menserah. 

M.   bukit :  ilex  cymosa. 

M»  mata  kirbau :  randia  demifiora* 

M.  puteh :  =  m*  bukit. 


C-i^w***^    mSsigit.     A   Java-Malay    variant    of  masjid ; 
cf.  mSsigit. 


mSsiyu.     Salt-petre. 
v«5  jli*-»    musharak.     Arab.     In  partnership  ;  allied. 


'J' 


iS  Xz^    mush&rakat.     Arab.      A     partnership ;      an 


o 


association  for  common  business. 


ojXz^   inasha.warat. 


Arab.  Taking  counsel  ;  a 
conference.  Sang  Seperba  pun  mashdwarat 
dengan  segala  munteri  :  Sang  Sapurba  consul- 
ted all  his  ministers  ;  Sej.  MaL,  36. 

Bermashdwarat :   to    take  counsel   together ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  254;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  107,  118,  123. 

Usually   pronounced   meshuwarat. 

iSj^^  mushtari.  Arab.  The  name  of  the  planet 
Jupiter.  Ketika  m,  :  the  period  of  the  day 
presided  over  by  the  planet  Jupiter ;  a 
favourable  time  {waktu  yang  baik  mushtari ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  104).  Tengah  naik  ketika 
mushtari :  early  in  the  day,  when  Jupiter 
was  the  prevailing  star ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  90. 


lV^ 


J^ 


>y^ 


mashrik.     Arab.     The     East.     Dari  mashrik 

lain  ka-maghrib  :  from  the  East  to  the  West ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  7.  Raja  mashrik  dan  maghrib  : 
ruler  of  the  East  and  of  the  West ;  a  favourite 
description  of  great  princes  of  romance. 

mushrik.     Arab.     A  pagan  polytheist. 

mashghtil,  Arab.  Sad,  sorrowful.  Menjadi 
mashghul  sangat  hati-ku  :  my  heart  became  very 
sad  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  262.  Kemashghulan  :  sorrow  ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  115.  Mashghtdkan :  to  be 
sorrowful  about ;  to  be  sad  about ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya;  Sej.  MaL,  136. 

mushkil.  Arab.  Difficult.  Pekerjaan  m,  : 
a  difficult  business ;  Sej.  MaL,  77.  Mushkil 
juga  patek  memikir-nya  :  it  is  difficult  for  me 
to  think  out ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  65.  Also :  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  41,  390  ;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  ig  ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb. 

mashh"flr.  Arab.  Widely  diffused,  of  a 
rumour  or  report ;  widely  known,  of  a  man  ; 
famous.  Daripada  zamdn  itu-lah  beharu  mash- 
hur  pengajiyan  anak-anak  Melaka  :  from  that 
time  dates  the  fame  of  the  natives  of  Malacca 
as  readers  of  the  Koran ;  Ht.  Abd.,  52. 
MashhUr-lah  khabar  yang  jahat :  the  scandalous 
rumour  spread  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  402. 

Mashhurkan  :  to  give  publicity  to ;  to  spread 
(a  rumour)  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  190,  342.  Termash- 
hur  :  diffused  ;  wide-spread  ;  well-known  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  152,  461. 


'"WXi 


M^Xi 


misbih.    Arab. 
Raj.  SuL,  20. 


A    lamp  ;    a   lantern  ;    Ht. 


Usually    pronounced 
the    fair     Egyptian ; 
Potiphar's  wife  ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  125. 


misr.     Arab.      Egypt. 
masir,     Azizu  *l-misr  : 


MISRi 


[    649    ] 


MA^L^M 


^y!^    misri.     Arab.     Egyptian  ;  Sh.  Bid.,  86. 

ija-At    mustafa.     Arab.     Selected,  chosen  ;  a  name  or 

title  often  given  to  Muhammad  (Ht.  Md.  Hanaf., 
2  ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  i),  and  sometimes  to  Ali. 

N^^^^^^  masalla.  Arab.  A  prayer-mat  ;  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  228. 

4JLa»  maslahat  or  muslihat.  Arab.  Resource, 
means ;  stratagem ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.,  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  35,  47  ;  used  as  an  Arabic  equivalent  of 
day  a  and  tipayay  q.  v. 

ij^  mndlarat.  I.  Arab.  Difficulty,  loss,  injury, 
detriment.  Tiyada4ah  aku  hendak  mengambil 
perempuwan  yang  memberi  mndlarat  atas  aku 
ini :  I  do  not  care  about  carrying  off  a  woman 
who  will  bring  trouble  upon  me;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.  Cf.  also  Ht.  Abd.,  97  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  127 ; 
Sh.  I.  M.  P.,  23.  Often  pronounced  mi^/fimf  or 
mutharat  {th  as  in  this), 

II.     A  variant  of  m(2/fl;ra^,   to   incline   to;   v. 
larat, 

mudlghat.  Arab.  A  piece,  a  morsel;  a 
fragment  (especially  of  something  chewed) ; 
Muj.,  8g. 

mutSlla^at.     Arab,     Study ;  to  study. 

mutlak.     Arab.     Wakil    mutlak :     a     general 

written      authority;     a     general     power     of 
attorney;  Sh.  Peng.,  12. 

matllib.  Arab.  Longed  for,  desired;  the  object 
wished  for  or  loved.  Apabila  tdlib  belief nu 
dengan  matlub-nya :  when  the  lover  meets  his 
beloved;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  144.  Mehdsilkan 
fuatlub :  to  realize  one's  desire;  Muj.,  14. 

ma'af.  Arab.  Pardon,  forgiveness;  libera- 
tion from  the  consequences  of  an  offence.  A  ku 
meminta  ampun  dan  ma'df :  I  beg  for  pardon  and 
forgiveness;  Ht.  Abd.,  7,  472.  Ma'dfkan:  to 
pardon,  to  forgive  ;  to  let  a  man  off;  Ht.  Abd., 
37.  Ma'dfi:  id.;  Ht.  Koris;  Sh.  Tab.  Mimp., 
17.  Berma'df-ma'dfan :  mutual  forgiveness ; 
forgiving  one  another's  trespasses ;  Sh.  Lamp., 
7,23. 

mu'tabir.  Arab.  Worthy,  reverend,  respect- 
able. Siti  m,  :  that  most  worthy  damsel 
(ironically) ;  Sh.  Peng.,  23.  The  word  is 
usually  pronounced  moHabar  by  Malays 
unacquainted  with  Arabic, 

Pechah   sunggoh   di-tempoh  pagar, 
Anak    biyawak   matt  di-kait; 

Tuwan-hi   raja  yang  inoHabar, 
Jangan  membawa  hati  ta'-baik  : 

my  lord,  you  are  a  prince  whose  worth  is  res- 
pected, do  not,  therefore,  harbour  ill-feeling  to 
me;  Ht.  Koris. 


aUU 


J*Ujm 


Oj^  mu^jizat.  Arab.  A  miracle;  great,  miracu- 
lous, miracle-working;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  i«;; 
Sh,  I.  M.  P.,  17. 


ma^jlin.  Arab.  A  prepared  medicine ;  knea- 
ded, of  floury  material.  M.  yang  mustajdb  :  a 
medicine  of  tried  merit;  Muj,,  47. 


^j^ 


me^eraj.  [Arab,  mi'araj,']  The  ladder  to 
Heaven ;  the  ''Golden  Stairs;"  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf., 
78.  Lailatti'l-me'erdj :  the  night  on  which  the 
stair  to  Heaven  was  permitted  to  the  vision 
and  use  of  Muhammad.     Cf.  me'eraf. 

C-yM  me^erat.  [Arab,  mi'ardj.]  The  ladder  to 
heaven;  to  die;  to  fall  into  a  trance;  the 
admission  of  Muhammad  to  heaven.  Bulau 
m, :  a  name  given  to  the  month  rajab,  Biyar- 
lah  abang  me'eratserta :  may  I  die  with  you  ;  Ht, 
Sh.  Kub. ;  cf.  also  Sh.  Pant,  ShL,  7.  Me'erat 
sa-ketika  :  a  momentary  trance;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

<^jM^  ma'rifat.  Arab.  Knowledge ;  perfect  know- 
ledge or  wisdom.  Af.  tajwid :  a  knowledge  of 
the  correct  enunciation  of  Arabic ;  Ht.  Ism. 
Yat.,  155.  Hat  sudara-ku  muda  ma'rifat :  my 
young  and  learned  brother;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch., 
14.  Also  Ht.  Koris ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard.;  Sh.  Bur. 
Nuri,  15. 

i^ji^oM    ma'riif.     Arab.     Known,    well-known;   excel- 
-^^         lent ;  active,  of  a  verb. 


ijy 


4  '^"^  t 


a 


h 


)y»A 


h 


r^ 


ma'shllk.     Arab.     The     beloved;     lady-love. 

'Ashik  dan  ma'shiik  :  the  lover  and  his  beloved; 
Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  105. 

ma'siyat.  Arab.  Crime,  treachery,  wicked- 
ness. Ma'siyat  hardm  tiyada  bertcmu  :  sin  and 
defilement  are  not  to  be  met  with ;  Sh.  Ibl., 
5.  Kerjakan  segala  ma'styat:  to  work  all  forms 
of  wickedness ;  Sh.  May.,  10.  Also  Sh.  Tab. 
Mimp.,  I. 

mu^atltlam.    Arab.    Great,  honoured,  revered. 

ma'kul.  Arab.  Comprehension ;  understand- 
ing, 

ma'alimor  mu^alim.  [Arab,  mu'alim,']  A 
learned  man;  a  scholar;  one  well-versed  in 
anything,  especially  in  navigation,  Mtt'alim 
perahu :  the  navigating  officer,  mate  or  pilot 
of  a  ship;  Ht.  Best.  M.  kapal :  id,;  Ht.  Ind, 
Nata;  Ht.  Abd.,  359,  409.  M.  besar :  a  chief 
mate  or  navigator;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  64.  M, 
kechil  or  m.  angin  :  a  second  mate  who  attends 
to  the  sailing  of  the  ship ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  64. 
Often  pronounced  tnalim. 

malum.  Arab.  Known.  MaHtlm-lah :  be  it 
known.  Al-maHtim  :  id. ;  Bint.  Timor,  4  April, 
1895.  Ma'lmU'lah  uleh  sahdbat  beta:  be  it 
known  to  our  friend.  Maka  ada-lah  beta  ma*- 
lumkan  kapada  sahdbat  beta  :  **  I  have  to  inform 
my  friend"; — a  common  expression  in  com- 
mencing the  gist  of  a  letter.    Dalam  maHum- 


ma'mCtb 


[  650  ] 


MONaKOR 


J^ 


^ 


nya :  within  his  knowledge ;  within  the  limits 
of  his  acquaintance ;  Ht.  Abd.,  277,  298.  Ter- 
lebeh  fnaHtim-lah  hiwan-ttiwan  yang  membacha 
hikdyat  ini :  **my  readers  know  more  about  it 
than  I"; — a  common  expression  used  when 
an  author  wishes  to  escape  narrating  anything 
(where  a  European  author  w^ould  put  asterisks). 
Tuwan  yang  lebeh  maUum :  id.  Pronounced 
usually  ma* alum. 

ma^mtir.  Arab.  Populated;  inhabited;  cul- 
tivated ;  in  quantity.  Bandar-pim  terlahi  ma'- 
mur :  the  town  had  a  large  population ;  Sej. 
Mai.,  48.  Wang  terlalu  ma^mur ;  money  was 
very  plentiful;  Ht.  Abd.,  215.  Often  pro- 
nounced ma'amur, 

ma^na.  Arab.  Meaning ;  inner  meaning ;  true 
interpretation  or  signification,  e,g,,  the  hidden 
meaning  of  a  proverb  in  contradistinction  to 
its  superficial  one.  Herti  dan  ma'na  dan  ke- 
hendak  kitdb  itu  :  the  literal  meaning,  the  inner 
meaning,  and  the  design  of  the  book;  Ht.  Abd., 
450.  Ma*na  di-huraikan  dengan  perlahan :  he 
worked  out  the  meaning  slowly;  Sh.  Kumb. 
Chumb.,  3. 

Nuri   berkafa   terlalu  chepat 
Apa-kah   herti  ma^na   empat? 
lya   vienjawdb   sigera-lah   dapat 
tmdUf   islam f   tatihidf   ma^rifat: 

the  lory  very  promptly  said :  what  is  the  mean- 
ing of  the  expression  **the  four  hidden  mean- 
ings underlying  everything  "  ?  He  replied  and 
promptly  gave  the  right  answer:  the  True 
Faith,  the  World  of  Salvation,  the  Unity  of 
God,  and  True  Wisdom ;  Sh.  Ung.  Bers.,  8. 

Vfci    mughal.     Arab.     Mongol;  Tartar;  Mogul. 


^J^ 


^J^ 


Oj^ 


maglnib.  Arab.  West ;  the  West ;  evening. 
Sembahyang  m, :  the  evening  prayer;  Ht. 
Abd.,  32.  Dari  mashrik  lain  ka-maghrib  :  from 
the  East  to  the  West ;  from  dawn  till  eve ;  from 
one  end  of  the  world  to  another;  Sej.  Mai.,  7. 
Raja  mashrik  dan  maghrib :  lord  of  the  East 
and  of  the  West; — a  title  given  to  great 
princes  of  romance. 


maghrabl.    Arab. 
Morocco. 


The     ^^ Western    land' 


Datang'lah  auliyd  dari  Maghrabi 
Birhenfi  di-rumah  Siti  'A  rabi : 

there  came  a  holy  man  from   Morocco  who 
stayed  at  the  Arabian  lady's  house ;  Sh.  UL,  3. 

p.!  JUU    naaghLltlb.     Arab.     Vanquished ;  overcome. 


xnong.     (Onom.)     The  sound  of  a  gong. 
mongmong. 


CL 


mixlgSma.  Bright,  gay  of  colouring;  == 
meragi.  Mingirna4ah  rupa  pawai  panji-panji- 
nya :  gay  was  the  appearance  of  their  lances 
and  pennons ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.     From  rona  ? 


C/*-" 


A.<WU.M 


mangsa.  [Skr.  mdngsa,]  Flesh-food  ;  the 
prey  of  carnivorous  animals.  Ka-mana-kah 
mangsa  ini  kamu  bawa  :  whither  are  you  taking 
your  prey;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  80.  Dan  segala 
mergesttiwa  pun  belum  lagi  keluwar  dari  sarang- 
nya  menchari  mangsa-nya  :  and  all  the  beasts  of 
the  forest  had  not  yet  left  their  dens  in  search 
of  their  prey  ;  Ht.  Si  Misk.,  93. 

mongsang.  A  civet-cat ;  a  (Riau)  variant  of 
musang,  q.  v. 

mSngSU.  Bulu  mengsu  :  the  fine  hairs  round 
the  forehead  (bulu  mengsu-nya  bagai  di-tulis ; 
Ht.  Gh.).     Also  nmngsu  or  mingsu ;  v.  d.  W. 

mangsi.  [Skr. :  ink,]  A  black  compound  of 
burnt  tamarind  bast  used  at  Batavia  for  stain- 
ing the  teeth. 


u3sAA 


mungsi. 

fied). 


A  medicinal  drug  (nature  unidenti- 


J 


mangka.     A  variant  of  ^  ,  q.  V. 

mangkara  or  mengkara.  [Skr.  ?]  Hudang 
mengkara  :  a  large  prawn  or  crab.  M.  jiwa  : 
the  "  cancer  of  lives  "  ;  the  name  of  a  terrible 
weapon  used  by  the  God  Kala ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 


mengkarong.  (Kedah.)  The  common  skink  ; 
mabuia  (usually  mabuia  multifasciata)  ;  = 
(Riau,  Johor)  bengkarong. 


mdngkalai.     Abandoned,  of  work ;   left    un- 
finished ; — a  variant  of  bengkalai,  q.  v. 

mSngkawang,     A  variant  of  bengkawang,  q.  v. 
Cf.  also  kawang. 


K^  mengkasar.     Macassar  in  Celebes. 

^^^  mgngkapas.     A  plant-name,  J.  I.  A.,  I., 

O^^  also  (Kedah)  the  name  of  a  fish  (unident 

J^ju  mgngkala.     (Penang.)     When ;  =  bila. 

c5Ju 


mgngkawan.  A  (Kedah)  variant  of  beng- 
kawan,  q.  v. 

mangkubumi.  An  exalted  title;  regent  or 
viceroy ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht,  Jay.  Lengg. 
From  mangku  {pangku)  and  bumi,  q.  v. 

mangkat.  To  die;  to  depart  this  life; 
(literally)  "  to  be  borne  aloft,'*  of  a  prince ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  198,  330,  414.     Cf.  angkat. 

mangkar.  I.  Still  tough,  insufficiently 
cooked  ;  unripe,  of  fruit.    Also  makar. 

IL    Mayang  mangkar  :  the  opening  blossom 
of  the  coco-nut.     See  mekar  and  megar. 

mongkor.  A  litter  or  sedan-chair ;  Sej.  MaL, 
152;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  137,  140,  174.  Also 
monggor. 


MUNQKIR 


[    651    ] 


MANOMANO 


^Ju    mungkir.      [Arab,    munkir.]      To    deny;    to 
repudiate  a  statement. 

t^Ju    mgngkSrang.     A  variant  of  bengkirang,  q.  v. 


eA 


^pu 


mangkas  or  mSngkas.  Hard,  of  cooked 
things ;  hard,  of  fruit  that  does  not  ripen 
properly ;  cf.  mangkar, 

mfingkis.     To  defy.     Also  rnekis  and  rnemekis, 

m§ngkong.  Chengkong-niengkong  :  very  hol- 
low and  emaciated,  of  the  face. 

mangkok.     A  cup.     Pinggan  mangkok  :  plates 

and  cups ;  crockery ;  Ht.  Abd.,  354,  364. 
Duwa  bUas  hiji  mangkok  :  twelve  cups ;  Pel. 
Abd.,  81. 

Main  m, :  unnatural  vice. 
mongkok.     To  project  above  ;  to  rise  over. 

mSngkal.  Half-ripe,  of  fruit ;  just  beginning 
to  soften. 

mSngkSlan.  Sticking  in  the  throat.  Hendak 
di-telan  Urmengkelan,  hendak  di-ludah  tiyada 
keluwar :  when  you  want  to  swallow  it,  it 
sticks  in  the  throat ;  when  you  want  to  spit  it 
out  you  cannot  get  rid  of  it ;  perverse  ill-luck  ; 
Prov. 

Rasa  fermengkelan  hati  :  ''  my  gorge  rises  "  ; 
I  cannot  contain  myself ;  Prov. 

mSngkSlah.  A  fish  (unidentified) ;  J.  S.  A.  S., 
VHL,  131. 

mungkum.  Rising  in  the  shape  of  a  dome  ; 
convexity.     Cf.  lungkum, 

mangkin.  More,  the  more  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah.     Usually  maUn,  q,  v. 

mengkudu.  A  generic  name  for  a  number  of 
plants  used  in  dyeing,  especially  morinda 
tinctoria;  Sh.  Peng.,  11;  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  4. 
Also  bengkudu, 

M,  badak  :  fagroea  morindcefolia, 

M,  jantan :  morinda  citrifolia. 

AL  kechil :  morinda  umbellata. 

M,  rimba  :  =  m.  jantan, 

mSngkuwang.      The    common     screw-pine, 
pandanus  atrocarpus ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HL,  27.     Also 
bengkuwang, 
M,  ayer  :  pandanus,  sp. 
M.  duri  :  =  m.   laut 
M.  hutan  :  pandanus  hulletianus. 
M.  laut :  pandanus  fascicularis, 
M.  lobok  :  mapania  palusiris.    Also  m.  tUong. 

mgngkuli.  A  plant  (unidentified);  its  root 
yields  a  narcotic  poison.    Also  mBrkuli. 


i^^ty^    mSngkoyan.     A  plant,  rhodamnia  trinervia. 

ju>^i*    mSngktinyet.     4^^^^  mengkunyet :    a  plant; 
coscinum  blumeanum, 

J^l^^  mangkah.  Hard,  of  badly  cooked  food  or 
unripe  fruit ;  a  variant  of  mangkar,  q.  v. 

*^^  mangkeh,  Chongkah-mangkeh :  sticking  out 
in  all  directions ;  in  disorder,  as  the  planking 
of  a  Malay  house  that  is  out  of  repair.  Also 
(Kedah)  chukah-makeh, 

<CiM   mgngkai  or  mingkai.    A  fish ;  a  species  of 
^         ray. 

t-Si*    mangga.     [Skr.     kdmdngga,]      The    mango ; 
usually  mempelam,     Kunchi  m.  :  a  padlock. 

^vJu  mSnggada.  The  (Sanskrit)  city  and  state  of 
Magadha  ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 

Xi^    manggar.     Mayang  manggar  :  the   unfolding 
^  blossom     of  the   coco-nut     palm;    Ht.   Perb. 

Jaya ; — a  simile  for  curly    hair.     Cf.    mekar 
and  mangkar, 

y^    monggor.     A  litter  or  sedan-chair ;    Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.,  Ht.  Koris.     Also  mongkor, 

^^    manggis.     Buwah  manggis  :  (Riau,  Johor)  the 
*^^  mangosteen,  gavcinia  manggostana  ;  Ht.  Abd., 

246,    413.      Also    (Kedah)     mesia    and    (old 
Malay)  manggista. 

C^J^^    manggista.     The   mangosteen ;    Ht.    P.  J.  P. 
Also  (Riau,  Johor)  manggis  dSi&  (Kedah)  mesta, 

manggustan.     The  mangosteen  ;  J.  L  A.,  I., 
216.     See  manggis. 

rS^    monggok.       Dome-shaped ;      mound-shaped. 
Baiu  m. ':  a  mound  of  stones ;  a  rocky  cairn. 

J^    manggul.     Tanah  manggul :  high  land. 

J^^    monggol.     Knotty,  gnarled,— of  a  tree. 

SJkM    minggu.     [Port,    domingo,]      Hari    minggu: 
-'"^      Sunday.     Satu  minggu  ;  a  week.    Cf.  ahad  and 
juma^aty  which  are  the  more  classical  words 
for  Sunday  and  a  week. 

^Ju    munggU.     Kerengga  munggu :    a  name  given 
sometimes  to  the  spice  amomum  cardamomum. 

<^    manggi.     Manggi-manggi :   a  species  of  man- 
^f^      grove ;  Cr.  Gr.,  57. 

jju    mangmang.       Threatening;     menacing;   = 
CZ        mengamang-amang.    Barang-siapa  blrani  mang- 
mang   ta'-dapat'tiyada   berani  melawan  juga: 
he  who  ventures  to  threaten  should  also  be 
bold  enough  to  fight;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,XL,39, 


MONGMONG 


[    652    ] 


mukIm 


k^    mongmong.     (Onom.)  A  small  gong  or  brass 
^         kettledrum.     Memalu  mongmong :  to  beat  this 

gong;    Sej.  Mai.,  76;    Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  30;  Ht. 

Bakht.,  52.     Palukan  mongmongan :    id. ;    Ht. 

Isk.  Dz.     The  mongmong  differs  from  the  gong 

in  that  it  is  laid  on  the  ground  when  struck 

and  is  not  suspended. 

^**^  mSngah.  (Onom.)  Temtengah-mengah :  pant- 
ing, as  a  breathless  man ;  puffing  ;  short  sharp 
breathing;  J.  I.  A.,  L,  82.   Cf.  engah. 

aA*  mfingeh.  (Onom.)  Very  quick  breathing 
(less  loud  than  mengah) ;  the  excited  breathing 
of  a  man  in  anger.     Cf.  engeh. 


oJ^ 


mufarik.       Arab.        Separation,      alienation. 

Snpaya  jangan  lagi  mtifdrik  kita  dengan  diya  :  so 
that  we  may  no  longer  be  separated ;  Sej.  Mai., 
148.  Bichara  sudah  muwdfakathan^  engkaupula 
ycing  mufarikkan  :  the  dispute  had  been  settled 
and  here  you  have  opened  it  up  again ; 
Ht.  Koris. 


O  3 VJu    mufarakat.     Arab.     Separation  ;    alienation  ; 


Jit 


dispute. 

mufti.     Arab.     A   learned  man  ;    one  learned 
inlaw  or  theology;  Sh.  Peng.,  8 ;  Sh.  Ul.,  26. 

mafhum.  Arab.  Understood ;  grasped ; 
comprehended.  Tiyada  majhtim  akan  ma^na 
behasa  melayu :  he  had  not  grasped  the  true 
spirit  of  the  Malay  language;  Ht.  Abd.,  182. 

mupakat.     See  mnwdfakat, 

mSpaga.     A  plant  (unidentified). 

mSpas.  To  fly-fish;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  VHL,  114. 
Also  (Kedah)  mempas, 

mak.     L     Mother;    a  motherly  old  woman; 

a  familiar  expression  or  expression  of  endear- 
ment, the  more  courteous  terms  being  ibii  and 
bonda.  Kalau  telanmati  mak,  kalau  ludah  matt 
bapa  :  swallow  it  and  your  mother  dies ;  spit  it 
out  and  your  father  dies;  Hobson's  choice; 
Prov.,  cf.  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  148.  Bagai  mak 
mandiil  beharu  beranak :  like  a  long-barren 
woman  when  she  at  last  has  just  borne  a  child  ; 
a  symbol  of  elation;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XXIV.,  97. 

M.    awang :  a  name   sometimes   given  by  a 
husband  to  a  wife  after  the  birth  of  a  son. 

M,  bapa  :  parents  ;  usually  ibu  bapa, 

M,  chu  :  an  aunt  (younger  than  one's  mother). 
Also  mak  su. 

M.  kopek  :  a  nickname  for  an  old  hag. 

M.  mintuwa :  mother-in-law. 

M.  tiri :  step-mother. 


lT 


II.  An  expression  signifyiiig  that  the  queen 
is  ''  en  prise  "  in  playing  chess,  provided  that 
the  queen  is  not  threatened  by  the  knight  but 
by  some  other  piece.  Cf.  aras  which  has 
special  reference  to  the  knight. 

mek.     I.      [  Chin.      meh^.  ]      The      (arterial) 

pulse.     Meraba  mek  :  to  feel  the  pulse. 

II.  A  familiar  name  {timang-timangan) 
given  to  Malay  girls. 


\r      makam.     Arab.     A  grave  with  a  small  pavilion 

r  over  it, — usually  the  place  of  burial  of  a  saint 

or  man  of  some  religious  importance  ;  Ht.  Md. 
Hanaf.,  62,  86. 


Jj^ 


UT* 


^yOkA 


makbtal.     Arab.     Confirmed ;    approved ;   put 

into  force.  Makbul  do^d  :  grant  my  prayer ; 
Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  11.  Semiiwa  pinta-nya  saka- 
liyan  makbul ;  all  his  requests  were  granted ; 
Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  2. 

mekteng.     Chabok  mekteng  :  a  foul  ulcer  giving 
out  a  bad  smell. 


j^  mukaddas.  Arab.  Holy.  BaitnH-mukaddas : 
Jerusalem ;  (also)  the  Heavenly  Jerusalem ; 
the  celestial  or  holy  city  ;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  86. 


mekseni.      One    of    the    characters    in    the 

ma'yong  performance ;  the  duenna  or  lady 
escorting  the  heroine. 

maksud.     Arab.    Intention,  desire.    Neschaya 

hdsil'lah  maksud-nya  :  his  desire  will  inevitably 
be  fulfilled;  Muj.,  17  ;  cf.  Ht.  Abd.,  403,  426. 
Tamanyang  di-maksudkan  iUi :  the  house  that 
he  had  willed  ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  45. 

mekga.     A  very  foul  ulcer  ;  cf.  mekteng, 
makam.     See  makdm. 


0--.i^    mokmit.     (Penang.)     The  movement  of   the 
lips  and  cheeks  in  eating. 

^li^    mekmek.     (Kedah.)  Slight  alteration  in  taste ; 
=  (Riau,  Johor)  mamek* 

ii^    mekmulong.      (Penang.)      The   name   of    a 
^  lascivious  dance. 

mukim.     Arab.     A  parish  ;  the  district  served 

by  a  mosque.  Diri-kan  suwatu  masjid  kapada 
suwatu  mukim  ya-itu  suwatu  kampong  yang 
bernama  dusun  chukup  orang-nya  empat  puloli 
orang  :  erect  a  mosque  for  each  parisn,  that  is 
to  say,  for  each  of  the  communities  known  as 
a  **  dusun,  "  having  at  least  forty  persons 
(heads  of  families)  in  it ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

The  expression  mukim  has  been  adopted  in 
Malacca  and  Penang  to  signify  a  sub-division 


r 


MAKA 


[    653    ] 


mSlainkan 


^ 


^ 


X* 


r-^' 


fc^JC 


containing  several  hundred  small  holdings 
without  special  reference  to  the  local  mosques. 
It  is  thus  used  without  its  special  religious 
significance.  Sampai-lah  ka-negeri  tempat 
muktm-nya  :  he  reached  his  native  home  ;  Sh. 
Peng.,  14.  Baba-babaperanakan  yang  bermiikim 
di-dalam  tiga  buwah  negeri  ini  :  the  Straits- 
born  Chinese  who  are  resident  in  the  Straits 
Settlements  ;  Bint.  Timor,  4  April,  1895, 


maka  or  makka. 

a  minute  or  so. 


A  short  space  of  time  ; 


Bulan   dan  hart  jam  maka-nya, 
Aku  hendak  tahn  scmuwa-nya  : 

the  month  and  day,  the  very  hour  and  minute, 
— all  these  are  things  that  I  desire  to  know  ; 
Sh.  Peng.,  21. 

In  this  sense,  however,  the  word  is  rarely 
used  as  it  has  become  a  sort  of  copular  or 
conjunction  signifying  that  a  very  short  time 
elapses  before  the  next  action  takes  place  ; 
"  then,"  ''  and,"  "  also,"  ''  further."  Sa-^ber- 
mola  maka  ada-lah  :  first  of  all  then  there 
was,  etc. 

Also  mangka. 

maktab.     Arab.     A  place  of  writing  ;  a  school. 

maktub.  Arab.  Written.  Al-maktub :  the 
Scriptures.  Jika  siidah  tennaktub  di-mana- 
kah  dapat  di-munkiri  lagi  :  if  it  is  down  in 
writing  what  room  is  there  for  denying  it ; 
Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  61. 


<^    makar.     Arab.     Trick,  deception. 


mekar.  [Jav.  megar.]  To  open  out  (of  a 
flower  or  blossom).  Mayang  m. :  the  opening 
bud  of  the  coco- nut ;  a  simile  for  beautiful 
curly  hair  ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  55.  Often  written 
inanggar  or  inangkar. 

mukarrani.  Arab.  Honoured ;  worthy  of 
honour.  Sha^ban  al-mukarram  :  the  honoured 
(month  of)  Sha^ban  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  3. 

makrdh.  Arab.  Hateful ;  detestable ;  that 
which  is  detestable  ;  Sh.  Ibl.,  3. 


lyS^    m§kis.     To  defy.   Memekis :  id.    Also  mengkis, 

£C»    mfekek.     Ear-piercing,    of  a  sound ;  painfully 
shrill." 


makota.  [Skr.  makuta,]  A  crown.  Usually 
mahkota,  i.e.,  maha-kota,  by  an  erroneous  idea 
of  the  origin  of  the  word.     See  mahkota. 


\X^    mgkula.     A  name  for  the  lotus ;  Muj.,  53. 


mukuti.     Tam.     A    nose-ornament   worn   by 
Kling  women. 


C««vX^ 


y 


f- 


JX* 


megat.  [Skr.  magadha.]  A  title  given  (in 
Kedah)  to  men  of  good  birth  especially  when 
of  good  descent  on  the  mother's  side  but 
unable  from  the  inferior  position  of  their 
fathers  to  take  the  higher  title  of  wan.  The 
contraction  "^ai^ "  is  given  as  a  title  to  men 
of  royal  descent  on  the  distaff  side,  and  this 
is  doubtless  the  ancient  meaning  of  megat, 
but  the  title  is  now  used  very  inconsistently. 

mdgar.  [Jav.,  from  egar,]  To  open,  of  a 
flower  or  blossom.  See  mekar,  mangkar  and 
mafiggar, 

mggak.  Bold,  disrespectful,  taking  unwarrant- 
able liberties. 


magindanau. 

Philippines. 


The  island   Mindanao  in   the 
Orang  m,  :  a  man  of  Mindanao. 


^ 


megah.  To  draw  a  distinction  ;  to  distin- 
guish ;  to  be  above  the  common  herd  ;  greeit- 
ness,  distinction.  Perkarayangmegah-mcgah  : 
things  of  importance ;  Ht,  Gh.  Hendak 
sombong  berbini  banyak,  hendak  megah  berlawan 
lebeh  :  if  you  wish  to  be  arrogant,  add  to  the 
number  of  your  wives  ;  if  you  wish  to  be  dis- 
tinguished, add  to  the  number  of  your  foes  ; 
Prov.,  cf.  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  162.  Hilang  hiput- 
lah  kemegahan  dew  a  dan  peri  uleh  adinda  :  the 
glorious  distinctions  of  the  devas  and  fairies 
are  lost  and  gone  through  you,  my  sister ;  Ht. 
Gul  Bak.,  99. 

mal.  The  head-piece  of  a  weapon  ;  the  capital 
of  a  column.     Cf.  ganja. 

mfilati.  [Skr.  mdlatu]  The  jasmine,  Ht.  Gul 
Bak.,  81,  87;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  17.  Usually 
me  I  or. 


yJljJy^    mSlarat.     I.    A  corruption  of  0^^  ,  q.  v. 
II.     See  larat. 

d5y<>*  m61aka.  [Skr.  amlaka,]  A  plant,  phyllanthus 
pectinatus  {melia  azadiraeta,  v.  d.  W.).  Buwah 
m. :  the  fruit  of  this  plant ;  also  a  name  given 
to  a  sweetmeat  (dough  outside  and  sugar 
inside)  ;  v.  onde,  Sekochi  m, :  a  variety  of 
native  boat ;  v.  sekochi. 
The  town  of  Malacca  is  said  to  have  been 
named  after  this  tree ;  v.  Sej.  Mal.,  87. 

i^*^  malakat.  Arab.  Possession,  property; — an 
alternative  explanation  of  the  name  Malacca 
{maka  uleh  segala  orang  ^arab  di-nama'i-nya 
malakat  herti-nya  perhimpunan  segala  dagang) ; 
Sej.  MaL,  98. 

ft  ^    mSlawah.     Perahu  melawah  :  a  type  of  trading- 
-?  vessel  from  Celebes. 

iSsjyiM    malaikat.    Arab.     An  angel ;  Sh.  IbL,  2.     M. 
yang  memegang  tidor :  the  Angel  of  Sleep. 


^% 


mSlainkan.     But ;  still ;  however  ;  v.  lain. 


82 


m£layu 


[  654  ] 


M&LIMAU 


y% 


A- 


mfilayu.  Malay.  Anakm,:  a  native  Malay. 
Behasa  m, :  the  Malay  language.  Orang  m, : 
a  Malay.  M.  jati :  a  real  Malay  ;  a  Malay  pur 
sang,  Sejdrah  m,  :  the  "Sejarah  Malayu'*or 
Malay  Annals,  a  traditional  history  of  the 
Riau-Johor  Malay  states. 

According  to  the  Sejarah  Malayu  the  name 
nielayu  has  its  origin  in  the  name  of  a  river 
{simgai  melayu)  in  the  hinterland  of  Palembang. 
This  explanation  is  at  least  doubtful. 

malabari.  Connected  with  the  Malabar  coast. 
Chara  malabari  :  in  the  Malabar  way  ;  Sh. 
Pant,  ShL,  i. 

mfilSbera.     A  small  tree,  fagroea  fastigiata, 

mfelit.  Inquisitiveness.  MaHum-lah  kita  se- 
mtiwa  betapa  ^adat  peremptiwan  melit-nya  sangat 
keras :  we  all  know  what  women  are  like,  their 
inquisitiveness  is  very  great  indeed  ;  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  204. 

mSlStir.  A  tree  (unidentified)  used  for  fire- 
wood; J.  S.  A.  S.,  VIII.,  131. 


mfilor.  The  IndidLYi  i^smine,  jasminum  sambu. 
Also  melati.  Hidong-nya  bagai  melor  jantan  : 
with  a  nose  like  a  jasmine  bud;  Ht.  Jay. 
Lengg. 

M,  angin  :  a  shrub  ;  alsodeia  membranacea. 

Akar  in,  Jmtan :  the  wild  jessamine  ;  jasmimim 
bif avium,  A  kar  bunga  m,  hntan :  a  climber 
with  white  jessamine-like  flowers,  coptosapelta 
griffithii,  Pokok  m,  hutan  :  a  shrub  with  con- 
spicuous violet  flowers  ;  eranthemum  malaccense. 


melas.     Not   to   fit,    of  two  things 
intended  to  fit  into  each  other. 


that 


are 


martin  or  mala'tan.  [Arab.  maVun.]  Ac- 
cursed ;  a  favourite  description  of  an  evil  spirit 
and,  as  such,  often  taken  by  Malays  to  be  a 
special  variety  of  evil  spirit.  Hai  mal'iin :  Oh 
accursed  one  ! — an  address  to  an  evil  spirit ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  93.  Jadi  m, :  to  become  an 
accursed  one ;  to  fall  under  the  wrath  of  God ; 
Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  27.   Katim  m, :  the  world  of 

evil  spirits  ;  the  damned  ;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf,,  79. 
Hai  mal^un,  anak  tnaVun^  herti-nya  hai  jauh 
daripada  rahmat  tuhan  :  Oh  maVun,  the  son  of 
a  mal'un, — meaning  thereby  Oh  thou  who 
art  far  removed  from  the  mercy  of  the  Lord  ; 
Ht.  Isk.  Dz, 

mSlang,     The  name  of  a  flower  (unidentified). 

naSleiLg.  To  turn  back,  to  turn  away,  to  avert. 
Maha  Raden  Inu^  pun  meleng4ah  :  the  prince 
turned  round;  Ht.  Mas  Ed.  Maka  munteri 
ketujoh  pun  meleng4ah  :  the  seven  ministers 
turned  away;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.    Cf.  melek, 

inSlong.  1.  Bunga  melong :  a  red  flower 
(unidentified). 

11.  Over-developed  ;  too  big  for  his  age,  of 
a  boy ;  growing  too  fast,  of  a  tree.  Also  belong, 
q.  V. 


^ 


^J 


V 


mglangbang.  A  broad  flat-bottomed  boat  ; 
Sej.  MaL,  54.     Better  melambang. 

malapari,  A  plant  growing  by  the  sea-shore; 
Ht.Abd.,203;  Ht.  P.  J,  F,;  fagroea  fastigiata  ? 

mfilek.  To  keep  one's  eyes  open ;  to  stare 
hard  at  a  person  or  thing ;    to  watch  steadily. 

malak.  Arab.  An  angel.  MalaktCUmaut : 
the  Angel  of  Death;  usually  (in  Malay)  called 
mdlihiH-maut  v.  mdlik, 

milk.  Arab.  Property,  possession ;  usually 
corrupted  in  Malay  to  milek,  q.  v. 

mfilkiwi.     A  variant  of  kiwi,  q.  v. 

mdlambang.  A  broad  flat-bottomed  native 
ship.     Also  melangbang, 

multik.  Arab.  Kings;  the  plural  of  mdlik, 
TdjuH-muliik  :  the  Crown  of  Kings ;  the  name 
of  a  Malay  treatise  on  medicine  and  divination. 

mSlukut.  Rice-chaff; — a  dialectic  variant  of 
demukut,  lemukut,  etc. 

mSlokan.  (Kedah)  a  tree,  unidentified ;  = 
(Riau,  Johor),  merlokan. 

mulham.     Arab.     Inspired ;  possessed. 

muliya.  [Skr.  multya,]  Noble,  illustrious ; 
splendid.  Jikalau  kira-nya  engkau  hina 
meininta-lah  kapada  yang  muliya  :  if  you  are 
humble,  ask  of  Him  who  is  the  All-illustrious ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  5.  Behasa  itu^yang  terlebeh  muliya 
di-antara  orang  islam  :  that  language  (Arabic) 
is  the  noblest  in  the  estimation  of  Moslems  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  48.  Kain  yang  mtiliya :  a  robe  or 
mantle  of  splendid  appearance;  Ht.  Jay. 
Lengg. 

Maha-muliya ;  most  illustrious ;  most  exalted ; 
— a  title  of  respect;  Ht.  Gul  Bak,,  72 ;  Cr. 
Gr.,  64. 

Muliyakan :  to  render  honour  to ;  to  treat 
with  distinction;  Ht.  Abd.,  187.  Memuliya- 
kan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  292.  Permuliyakan  :  id. ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  14 ;  Ht.  Sg,  Samb. ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  5. 

Kemuliyaan  :  a  mark  of  honour  or  distinction  ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

m^lela.  Plain  ;  smooth  ;  undamascened, — of 
weapons.     Besi  m,  :  modern  steel. 

mSlilin.  (Kedah.)  A  plant,  unidentified  ;= 
(Riau,  Johor)  merlilin, 

mSlimun.  Invisibility ;  v.  halimun,  Hantu  m. : 
invisible  spirits. 

m61imau.  (Kedah.)  A  plant,  ==  (Riau,  Johor) 
merlimau. 


MAM 


[    655    ] 


m£mp£:las 


r 


mam.     To   suck   at   the   breast,    of  children. 
M.  stisu:  id.    Bert  in. :  to  give  suck;  Ht.  Best. 


^  mem.  [Eng.,  through  Hindustani.]  An 
English  lady ;  madam.  Segala  ttiwan  ttmaii 
dan  metn-mem  :  ladies  and  gentlemen ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  443. 

^\^    m^mali.     (Kedah.)     The  name  of  a  shrub  ;= 
(Riau,  Johor)  malt -ma  It ;  see  s.  v.  malt. 

V^^    mumba.     An  edible  plant  (unidentified). 

m6mbachang.  The  horse-mango,  mangifera 
foetida.  Also  bachang,  machang,  embachang 
and  hembachang. 

mdmbalau.  Solder,  glue  ;  to  glue ;  to  make  fast 
the  haft  of  a  knife  in  the  handle.  Cf.  embalau 
and  malau. 


jy*    membor.     Worthless;  KL,  v.  d.  W.,  Pijn. 

kj^j,    membfirang.     The  otter,   lutra  vulgaris ;  also 
C'  (Riau,     Johor)     berang-berang    and    (Kedah) 


b^ 


tf 


mambang.  I.  A  spirit;  the  personification 
of  the  golden  sunset  clouds.  M.  kwiing :  id., — 
when,  after  a  rainy  day  the  sunset  seems' to 
give  a  yellow  tinge  to  everything;  Ht.  Abd., 
154.  This  tinge  is  believed  to  be  the  work  of 
evil  spirits  and  to  bring  disease  in  its  train. 

11.^  A  title  sometimes  given   to  a  headman 
of  Semangs. 

mambong.  Hollow;  lacking  in  fleshy  sub- 
stance;  empty,  especially  of  fruit.  Temptiwi 
mambong :  the  young ''tampui  "  fruit  (ba ecu u- 
rea  malayana)  ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  VHI.,  132. 

Orang   Awa  pergi   ka-Tanjong, 

Singgah   belt    beras  Pegu ; 
Tuwan   laksana    chempedak   mambong 

Pulor   sehaja,  jnwai   ta'-laku: 

you,  Sir,  are  like  the  young  jack-fruit  which 
is  all  stone  and  shell  and  fetches  nothing  in 
the  market ;  a  type  of  worthlessness ;  Prov. 

mumbang.  The  young  coco-nut ;  the  nut  in 
its  early  stages  of  development.  Bagai 
mumbang  di-tebok  tupat :  like  a  young  coco- 
nut that  has  been  tapped  by  a  squirrel ;  a  girl 
that  has  been  robbed  of  her  value  by  seduction; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HI.,  34.  Choba-choba 
menanam  mumbang ^  kalau  hidop  turns  negeri : 
keep  trying  to  plant  with  the  young  nut,  if  it 
takes  root  it  will  be  a  pillar  of  the  state ;  do  not 
shirk  an  enterprise  because  of  its  difficulties, 
the  reward,  if  successful  may  be  proportionate 
to  the  difficulties  overcome  ;  Prov,,  f .  S.  A.  S., 
HI.,  34. 


0^    mumbong.     Loaded  above  the  gunwale,  of  a 
J2         ship.     Cf,  bumbong,  jerumbongf  etc. 

y^    mambu.     Jav.     To  smell  foully. 


J^Ju* 


^^    mSmbolong.     A    plant   (unidentified).     Also 
embolong, 

mamdud.  Arab.  Stretched  out,  prolonged; 
prolonged  by  a  diacritical  mark,  of  an  Arabic 
word. 

mSmar.     Bruised,  crushed,  of  a  fruit. 

memerang.  (Kedah.)  The  otter,  lutra; 
also  memberang  and  (Riau,  Johor)  berang- 
berang, 

mSmang.  To  reproach  ;  to  charge  with  ingrati- 
tude; KL;  V.  d.  W. ;  (Kedah)  to  press  an 
unwilling  person  to  give  you  something. 

mempaga.  A  plant  (unidentified).  Also 
mepaga. 


^jVu*    mdmpaus.     A  tree  (unidentified). 

.^^^J^    mampat.    I.     Tight;  close  to   one    another; 
thick;   densely  packed. 

II.  Mampat-mampat  hutan  :  a  name  given  to 
some  trees ;  cratoxylon  formosum  and  cratoxylon 
polyantlmm. 

Mampat  padang :  a  plant ;  daphni-phylliim 
laurinum. 


Jjuu*    mempgdal. 
^  pedaL 


The  gizzard.     Also  empedal  and 


j^    mempgdu.     Gall,  bile;  the  gall-bladder.    Also 
^  empedu  and  hempedu. 


LT' 


i^  mampus.  To  die;  to  be  wiped  out  com- 
pletely ;  to  perish  ;  cf.  apus.  Raksasa  ttu-pun 
terbuntang-lah  mata-nya  ka-atas  saperti  orang 
hendak  mamptis  :  the  evil  spirit  turned  up  his 
eyes  like  a  man  about  to  give  up  the  ghost ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Makanan  payah,  binatang 
mampus  :  food  is  hard  to  get  and  the  animals 
are  dying ;  Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  15. 

Mampus  is  never  polite ;  it  is  either  used  in 
self-abasement  or  in  insult  or  of  animals. 
Btyar  hamba  mampus  :  may  I  die  like  the  beasts 
of  the  field  ;  Ht.  Best.  Hendak  mampus-kah 
engkau  ini :  do  you  want  to  be  utterly  wiped 
out ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 

(j*^    mSmpas.     Fly-fishing;  a  variant  of  mepas. 

iic*    mampong.     Light  and  spongy,  as  bread  or  as 
^  a  bees*  nest. 

jtJliA'*    mSmpSlas.     I.     A  plant,   tetracera  assa :   Sh. 
^  B.  A.  M.,    12;   Sh.   Pant.   Shi,  7,    11.     Also 

empelas  and  hempelas. 

M.  gajah  :  tetracera  macrophylla. 

M.  hari  :  alyxia  stellata  and  alyxia  lucida, 

M.  harimau;  =  m,  gajah. 

M,  hari  betina :  =  dehnia  sarmentosa, 

M.  puteh:  =  m.  hari  betina, 

M,  tikus :  =  m.  hari  betina, 

M.  wangi :  alyxia  pilosa. 


mSmpSlasari 


[  656  ] 


M^NTA 


^J 


II.  Sudah  mempelas  :  (Penang)  he  has  been 
stripped  of  all  he  has ; — a  slang  expression 
used  when  a  man  sacrifices  everything  for  a 
insatiable  woman. 

\^U.<»    mSmpfilasari.     A  climber ;  alyxia  stellata  and 


^ 


> 


alyxia  lucida.     Also  m,  hart  and  ptUasari. 

mSxnpSlam.  The  mango,  mangifera  indica ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.     Also  empelam  and   hempelam, 

M.  babi :  a  big  tree  with  fruits  like  mangoes, 
terminalta  affentens, 

mSmpgle  or  mSmpglai.  Tam.  The  bride- 
groom or  bride.  Naik  vi, :  to  ascend  the 
bridal  dais ;  to  be  married ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 
Santap  m. :  to  eat  the  bridal  feast ;  Sh.  Sri 
Ben.,  88.  Mandi  suwatu  m. :  to  bathe  together, 
— of  the  formal  bathing  of  the  bride  and  bride- 
groom ;  Sh.  Bid.,  12,  'Adat  adab  m, :  the 
customary  ceremonial  at  weddings;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

Mempelai  has  often  the  idea  of  close  combina- 
tion without  the  idea  of  bridal.  Mati  di-panati 
duwa  mempele :  to  be  shot  two  on  an  arrow 
(of  birds) ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  8.  Merapat 
m.  :  to  cuddle  up  close  to  another ;  Sh. 
Peng.,  I. 

mSmpfining.     A  tree,  quercus  hystrix, 
M,  bagan :    qaerctis  simdaica, 
M,  bungktis :    quercus    spiccata, 
M,  jantan :    qtiercus    eichleri, 

mampu.  Means,  resources ;  =  upaya.  Tiyada 
m.  :  to  be  powerless;  to  be  at  the  end  of  one's 
resources. 

m6mpusi.     A  tree  (unidentified). 

mSmpulor.     A  plant  (unidentified). 

mampai.  (Kedah.)  Smooth ;  sharply  cut ; 
sharp. 

Senjata    di-bawa  biikan-nya   choma 
Gigi-nya   mampai  siyong-nya  tajam  : 

the  weapons  he  carries  are  not  carried  for 
nothing,  his  teeth  are  smooth  and  his  tusks 
are  sharp. 

mimpi.  Dreaming,  a  dream.  Berkelahi  di- 
dalam  mimpi:  fighting  in  one's  dreams;  a 
proverbial  description  of  wasted  excitement; 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  93.  Ta^bir  m,  :  the  interpreta- 
tion of  dreams.    , 

Bermimpi:  to  dream;  Ht.  Abd.,  62. 


^^mX^    mSmpiteh.     A  plant  (unidentified). 

.<^    mumkin.     Arab.     Possible;  practicable;    to 
^-^"^       be  in  a  position   to   do   anything;   Sh.  I.  M. 
P.,  8. 

J^Xe    mamlakat.     Arab.     Kingdom,  royalty. 


iV 


mamltik,     Arab.     A  slave. 

mamanda.  Uncle,  aunt;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  99; 
— a  respectful  form  of  mamak,  q.  v. 

mSmubang.     A  tree  (unidentified). 

mSmota.  (Penang.)  To  sleep  (expressed 
coarsely) ; — a  colloquial  variant  of  membtita, 
from  btita,  q.  v. 


c5-M*    m6midai.     A  plant  (unidentified). 

Qjk    man.     I.     Arab.     Who,  which. 

II.  [Pers.  and  Hind.]  An  Indian  weight; 
a  **maund."  Tengah  duwa  rupiyah  satu  man  : 
a  rupee  and  a  half  a  maund;  Pel.  Abd.,  139. 
Didapan  belas  man  berat-nya :  eighteen  maunds 
in  weight ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  26. 


min.     Arab.     From,  of. 

mSna.     I.      Calculation;    =    kera.     Sa-mena- 
mena  :  about ;  more  or  less.    Tidak  ber-sa-mena  : 
not  to   be   calculated;    incalculable;    Sh.    Ik. 
Trub.,  I. 
II.     See  semena, 

mSnatU.     A  laundryman  or  '*dhoby." 

munajat.    Arab.    Secret  conversation  ;  private 
speech  ;  private  devotions. 


\xm    mSnara.     See  manarah. 


J 


manarah  or  minarah.  [Arab,  mandrat,]  A 
minaret;  a  watch-tower,  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  141. 
Sa4inggi  m.  ;  as  lofty  as  a  minaret;  Bint. 
Timor,  16  Jan.,  1895.  Terlebeh  tinggi  dari 
m, :  loftier  than  a  tower;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

Also  nienara. 


riVxA  munafik.     Arab.     A  hypocrite;  an  atheist. 

A\^  mSnalu.     A   misletoe;    a   parasitic   plant;  v. 

-^  dedalu, 

•  .\;^^  xnan4n.     Arab.     Good-natured;  kind-hearted. 


nXM 


minbar.  Arab.  A  sort  of  lectern  or  pulpit ; 
a  raised  dais  on  which  the  Reader  sits  or  stands 
in  a  mosque.  Minbar-nya  shmtwa-nya  batii 
jiiga :  the  reading-platforms  were  all  of  stone  ; 
Pel.  Abd.,  136.  AbU'Samah  pnn  naik4ah  ka- 
atas  minbar  serta  membacha  kimtbah  :  A.  as- 
cended the  reader's  dais  and  recited  the 
prayer;  Ht,  Abus.,  10. 

m3nta.  Mad;  rutting,  of  an  elephant;  a 
variant  of  meta  q.  v.  Gajah  m.  :  a  rutting 
elephant ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz, ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Raja 
Singa  Urlalu  m^nta :  the  Lion  King  became 
very  excited ;  Sh.  Sg.  Ranch.,  6.  Berbuwat  m.  : 
to  feign  excitement  or  madness;  Ht.  Best. 


MINTA 


[    657    ] 


mIintimun 


cT^ 


J^ 


uIXa 


minta.  Asking,  applying  for ;  cf.  pijita.  M. 
ampun :  to  beg  pardon ;  Ht.  Abd.,  161.  M  tabek  : 
to  beg  to  be  excused.  Minta-minta  :  a  beggar ; 
Cr.  Gr.,  57.  M.  do'd  :  to  pray  for  anything  ; 
to  call  down  by  prayer ;  to  invoke  blessings. 

Meminta  :  to  ask  for  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  3,  33,  60. 
Memintakau  :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  115,  117. 

P^mm/a  ;  a  request ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  94;  Ht. 
Jay.  Lengg. ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  243,  344.  Per- 
mijitaan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  124,  397. 

m§ntarang.  SipiU  mentanmg :  (Kedah)  a 
shell-fish  (unidentified) ;  it  has  a  thin  rough 
shell  and  is  found  in  mud-flats. 

mfentangor.  (Kedah.)  A  name  given  to  a 
number  of  trees  of  the  calophyllmn  class ;  = 
(Riau,  Johor)  bmtangor,  q.  v. 

mentapai.     (Kedah.)     A  tree  (unidentified). 

mSntagi.     The  name  of  a  shell  (unidentified). 

mfintaus.  (Kedah.)  Akar  mentatis  :  a  climbing 
plant  (unidentified)  ;  =  (Riau,  Johor)  akar  ben- 
taw  as. 

mentor.  Balai  mentor  :  a  flat  dais  at  the  foot 
of  a  palace  staircase,  used  as  an  informal 
meeting  place  or  hall  of  audience ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng.     Also  balai  mentor  a  and  balai  mentera, 

mant^ra  or  mSntera.  I.  [Skr.  mantra.]  A 
magical  formula.  Kic  bacha  satn  mantera, 
neschaya  tiyada-lah  orang  khabarkan  diri-nya  dan 
pintu  rmnah  terbuka  dengan  mantera-ku  ittc :  I 
shall  recite  a  formula  and  the  people  (in  the 
house)  will  certainly  lose  consciousness  and 
the  door  will  fly  open  before  that  formula  of 
mine ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  18. 

Manterakan:  to  recite  a  formula  over;  to 
endow  with  magical  powers  by  means  of  the 
recitation  of  a  formula.  Jampi-manterakan  : 
id.;  Ht.  Best.  Ayer yangtelah  di-mantera-kan : 
water  over  which  a  magical  formula  has  been 
recited;  a  sort  of  holy  water;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak., 
no. 

n.  Orang  mantera:  an  aboriginal  race  in- 
habiting Malacca  territory.  Many  are  to  be 
found  at  Ayer  Salak  some  nine  miles  from  the 
town  of  Malacca. 


ni.     Balai    mentera  :=:  balai 
balai  mentor ;  v.  mentor. 


isy^ 


nientora    and 


vISUiXa    mintaraga.     The  name  of  the  grotto  in  which 
Arjuna  lived  in  the  days  of  his  hermitage. 


mantSri,  mgntdriormunteri.  [Skv.mantri.'] 
A  counsellor  ;  a  minister  of  state ;  a  civil  offi- 
cial in  contradistinction  to  one  of  the  military 
{htdnbalang) ;  the  queen  in  chess.  Perdana  m. : 
the  principal  minister ;  the  prime  minister.  Cf. 
Ht.  Abd.,  251;  Sej.  Mai.,  34;  etc. 


iUA    mfintang.     Sa-mentang :   although ;    granting 
^         that;   admitting.     Sa-mentang  pun  iya  orang 
yang  birtuwah :  admitting  that   he  is   a  man 
blessed  with  good  luck;  Ht.  Koris. 


e 


mentong.     Kulang   mentong :   running  by  fits 
and  starts  as  a  man  short  of  breath. 


IXXa  montok  or  muntok.  Stumpy;  short  and 
thick;  broad  in  proportion  to  its  length,  of 
anything,  e.g.,  as  certain  snakes. 


4iu« 


mSntSlah.     The  more. 


\yjkA    mSntuwa.     Father    or     mother-in-law;    Ht. 
Gul   Bak.,   60,    137;     Ht.     Ind.   Nata.     Also 

mertuwa. 


jy^  mSntora.  Balai  mentor  a :  a  variant  of  balai 
mentera  or  balai  mentor;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed.  See 
mentor. 


ilj:u4   mgntulang.    A  plant. 


AX^ 


AJIXa 


m€ntah.  Raw,  uncooked.  Daging  m. :  raw 
meat;  Ht.  Abd.,  76.  Bawang  yang  m. :  raw 
onions;  Muj.,  27.  Masak  m,  *' the  cooked 
and  the  raw,"  a  name  given  to  offerings  to 
evil  spirits  as  those  offerings  comprise  both 
cooked  and  raw  materials. 

Pernt^   pernt,   mengapa   kau   sakit  ? 

Bagai-mana   ta'-sakit^   nasi   mentah. 
Nasi,    nasi,    mengapa   kau  mentah  ? 

Bagai-mana  ta  mentah,  kayti  basah  : 

stomach,  stomach,  why  are  you  aching  ? — 
How  can  1  help  aching  when  the  rice  is  un- 
cooked ?  Rice,  rice,  why  are  you  so  uncooked  ? 
— How  can  1  help  being  uncooked  when  the 
firewood  is  ail  wet?  Masak  di4uwar  mentah 
di-dalam :  cooked  outside  and  raw  within ; 
deceptive ;  Pro  v. 

miUltah..  Vomiting.  Terkadang-kadang  mun- 
tah'lah  iya  sebab  banyak  meminnm  ayer  masin 
itu  :  sometimes  he  vomited  for  he  had  swallo- 
wed much  salt  water  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  180.  Mabok 
m.:  drunk  and  vomiting;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Muntah-mtmtah  darah :  to  vomit  blood, — belie- 
ved to  be  the  work  of  an  evil  spirit ;  Ht.  Abd., 
62.  Mnntahkan  darah  :  id, ;  Sej.  MaL,  117. 
Muntah  kedarah  :  id. ;  Ht.  Best.  These  last 
expressions  are  often  confused  with  kedadak, 
and  are  used  as  imprecations  **  may  you  die  a 
miserable  death." 

Mnntahkan :  to  bring  up ;  to  vomit  up. 
M.  biiweh :  to  vomit  froth ;  Sej.  MaL,  30. 
M.  gemala  :  to  vomit  out  a  talismanic  stone; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  84.  Makanan  yang  di-makan- 
nya  itu  di-muntahkan-nya  pula  :  the  food  which 
he  had  eaten  he  brought  up  again  ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Nata. 

mantega.  [Port,  manteiga.]  Butter.  Buwah 
m.  :  the  butter  fruit,  diospyros  discolor. 

mSntigi.     A  plant  {thibandia  sp.  ?). 

rjJ>^  mSntimun.  A  generic  name  for  gourds, 
pumpkins,  passion-flowers,  etc.;  Ht.  Abd., 
310  ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  60.     Usually  timmiy  q.  v. 


MANJA 


[    658    ] 


MANDAN6 


t 


xnailja.  L  Confiding,  familiar ;  in  close 
relations,  of  people  ;  home -like,  of  a  place  ; 
dear,  loved.  Keduwa-nya  itn  terlalii-lah  manja 
pada-ku :  both  were  very  kindly  disposed  to 
me ;  Ht.  Abd.,  21.  Orang  yang  manja  :  one 
dearly  loved.  Permanjakan  :  to  be  very  fond 
of;  Ht.  Gill  Bak.,  36. 

11.  (Kedah.)  A  variant  of  maja ;  a  name 
given  to  a  number  of  plants  {tnanjakam, 
manjapahit,  etc.) . 

menjangan.  Jav.  A  deer;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata; 
=  (pure  Malay)  rusa,  Urat  m, :  a  medicinal 
herb  (unidentified). 


\^    menjana.     See  semcjana  and  semmjana. 


if 


manjong.  A  balcony,  a  projecting  upper 
storey;  Sej.  Mai.,  78,  79,  91.  Better  anjong, 
q.  V. 


mailjapada.      [Skr.  martya-padd.]   The  earth 
Ht.  Perb.  Jaya.     Also  majapada. 


^j^    m6njak.     Semenjak  :  since 


manjakani.  A  medicinal  plant  (unidentified)  ; 
V.  manja  and  maja. 


manjalawai.     A  medicinal    plant    (unidenti- 
fied) ;  V.  manja  and  maja, 

mdnj^lis.     Fair,  pretty,  handsome  ;  =  mejelis, 

m^BJSlai.     A   plant    (unidentified) ;    Ht.    Sri 
Rama  (Maxw.),  42. 

munajim.     Arab.     Astrological ;  appertaining 
to  astrology. 


v.^,^    manchit.    To  spout  out  or  gush  out. 


mSnchit.     To  drive  away  a  buffalo  calf  from  its 
mother  so  as  to  wean  the  calf. 


Lj^    manchang.      The     horse-mango,     mangifera 
Q'        foetida ;    Ht.    Sh.    Kub.      Better   machang  or 
embachang, 

^^    manchong.      Sharply   cut;    sharply   angled; 

Cs  clear  cut,  of  the  profile  and  especially  of  the 
nose,  Hidong  m. :  a  sharply  defined  nose 
(admired  by  Malays)  ;  Sh.  Bid.,  21 ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya.  Hidong  ta'' -manchong  pipi  t^rsorong- 
sorong  :  the  cheeks  being  prominent  when  the 
nose  is  not  sharply  defined  ; — the  opposite  of 
what  beauty  demands  ;  an  expression  used  to 
describe  advances  by  a  woman  when  her  lover 
hangs  back. 

v^    mSnching.     At  full  stretch,  of  muscles ;  swollen 
Q        to  tightness,  of  veins,  the  stomach,  etc. ;  set 
full,  of  a  sail. 


iti-*    monchong    or  munchong.     Snout-shaped; 

^  coming  to  a  point.  M.  cherek :  the  spout  of  a 
kettle.  M .  ikan  todak  :  the  snout  of  the  small 
sword  fish ;  Ht.  Abd.,  204.  Mulut-nya  m, : 
with  pouting  mouth  (of  a  sulky  girl) ;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg.     Cf.  bonjolf  monchol,  etc. 

^ji-*    mSnchak.     Fencing  as  a  sort  of  war-dance ; 

=  main  penchak,  Ada  yang  menchak  main 
seligi  :  some  danced  about  brandishing  darts  ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


ojjf 


monchol.     A  knob  at  the  end  of   anything. 
Cf.  bonjol,  munchong,  etc. 

manchawama.     Many  coloured ;  =  pancha- 
rona, 

manda.     I.     Uncle,  aunt ;  an  abbreviation  of 
inamanda,  q.  v. 

11.     Mandi-manda:  a  frequentative  of  mandi, 
to  wash  ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  42. 


t>^^ 


\j^    mgndarong.     A  tree  (unidentified). 


Sbj\ 


mfindarah.      A     minaret,     a     watch-tower ; 
better  (Arab.)  mandrah,  q,  v. 


^\jOu»    mSndapa.     A  variant  of  pendapa,  q.  v, 


mandab.     Arab.   Tears.     BdbuH-mandab :  the 
S traits  of  Babel  Mandeb  ;  '*  the  Gate  of  Tears." 


X-* 


lTJ 


<*A»*«X- 


mandor.  [Port,  mandador,]  An  overseer ;  a 
**  mandore;  "  Ht.  Abd.,  70,  236. 

mxindor.  To  retreat ;  to  give  way ;  =  men- 
gtmdor,  from  undor,  q.  v. 

mSndSra.  L  Languid  in  movement.  Manis 
m, :  sweet  languor. 

11.  Orang  mendera  :  the  *'  Mantra"  abori- 
gines in  Malacca ;  Ht.  Abd.,  267.  Better 
mantera, 

m6nd§ras.  [Arab,  rf^ras.]  M^wi^ms:  to  study 
the  Koran ;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  22  ;  Sh.  Nas.,  16. 
See  deras. 

mandarsah.  [Arab,  madrasat,]  A  private 
shrine  ;  a  religious  or  educational  foundation  ; 
an  endowed  Koran  school  or  chapel ;  Ht, 
Kal.  Dam.,  429  ;  Pel.  Abd.,  34.  Usually 
(Penang)  bandarsah  and  (Malacca)  stiraii. 


m6nd§rong.     A  kind  of  rush  which  is  plaited 
into  small  bags  and  sacks. 


A^J^    mSndusta.     False,  sham  ;  from  dnstaj  q.  v. 

t 


mandang.     1.     To  see,  to  gaze  at ;  Sh.  Panj. 
Sg. ;  =  memandang,  from  pandang,  q.  v. 

11.  Temandang  :  aspect ;  imposing  appear- 
ance. Hebat  Umandang-mandang  sikap-nya : 
of  terribly  imposing  aspect ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 


MANDONG 


[    659    ] 


M&NANG 


t^ 


mandong.  I.  A  cock.  Mandong  pun  stidah 
berkokok  ramai :  the  cocks  were  crowinf^  in 
all  directions  ;  Ht.  Ind,  Meng.    Also  bandong, 

II.      Kerbaii    inaitdong  :     (Kedah)    a    milch 
buffalo. 


PJOa    ^S^dong.     Jav.    Gloomy ;    overcast,  of    the 
C  weather. 


J 


Axa 


()-^ 


^ 


mondok.  Short  and  thick,  stumpy  ;  cf. 
montok,      Ttkus  m,  :  a  large  field-mouse. 

manduL  Childless,  unfruitful,  barren.  Bini 
yang  m.  :  a  barren  wife ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  132. 
Bagai  mak  mandul  beharu  beranak  :  like  a  long 
barren  woman  when  she  has  at  last  given 
birth  to  a  child  ;  a  proverbial  simile  for  joyous 
pride. 

mSndSli.  A  musical  instrument,  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub. ; — a  variant  of  mudelli,  q.  v. 

mendeleka  or  manduleka.  A  tree  yielding 
a  kind  of  bread-fruit ;  Ht.  Koris ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng.  ;  Ht.  Si  Misk.,  112. 

mandam  or  mgndam.  Dizzy,  intoxicated. 
m.  khaydli :  id. ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  78.  M.  ganja  : 
intoxicated  by  Indian  hemp  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng, 
M.  saperti  mabok  kepayang  :  dizzy  as  though 
overcome  by  eating  the  kepayang  fruit ;  Sh. 
Abd.  Mk.,  102.  M,  laksana  mabok  chendawan  : 
maddened  as  though  intoxicated  by  eating 
poisonous  fungi  (a  description  of  a  love-mad- 
dened girl)  ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Termendam  ka- 
dalam  muhabbat  (Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  20)  or 
termendam  di -dalam  perchintaan  (Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  77)  :  immersed  in  the  maddening 
waters  of  love. 

mundam.  A  large  wash-tub  of  metal,  glass 
or  china  (but  not  of  wood)  ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  31. 

mSndu.  A  theatrical  performance  of  foreign 
origin  met  with  in  the  northern  states  of  the 
Peninsula. 


A  Jo*  mundu.     A  tree,  garcinia  dulcis. 

j^  mendora.     A  Siamese  theatrical  performance. 

-^y  Better  menora,  q.  v. 

^Jcu  mandai.     A  tree  (unidentified). 


(5-^ 


mandi.  I.  Bathing  ;  to  bathe.  Mandi  biyar 
basah  :  when  you  bathe,  get  thoroughly  wet ; 
when  you  do  anything,  do  it  thoroughly ; 
Prov. 

M.  bunting:  the  ceremonial  washing  of  a 
pregnant  woman  ;  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  6. 

M.  darah  :  bathing  in  blood  ;  =  mengarong 
darah, 

i¥.  manda  :  all  kinds  of  bathing,  especially 
the  ceremonial  bathing  after  a  wedding  ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  42.  Mandi-mandi :  id. ;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng. 


J^ 


s. 


Angin  tenggara  mandi:  a  stiff  breeze  from 
the  S.  W. 

Batu  in.  :  a  rock  just  awash  in  a  river. 

Tempat  in. :  a  bath  ;  a  bathing-place. 

Mandikan  :  to  give  a  bath  to  ;  to  bathe  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  18,  132,  186.  Memandikan :  id. ;  Ht. 
Koris  ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  88. 

Permandiyan :  bathing ;  a  place  used  for 
bathing ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  70  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  45. 
Temj)at  p. :  a  bathing-place ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben., 
2;  Sh.  Bid.,  66;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Abd., 
104. 

II.     Jav.     Venomous;  =  bisa. 

mgndera.  I.  I ;  we  ;  your  servant ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub. ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya ;  =  hamba  or  patek. 
Usually  manera. 

II.     A  flag.    Better  bander  a,  q.  v. 

mendikai.  A  watermelon ;  Pel.  Abd.,  6g ; 
Ht.  Berm.  Sh.    Also  ke mendikai,  tembikai,  etc. 


\, jj^    mandil.     Arab.    A  napkin  ;  a  smalltable-cover. 


mgngrong.     A  sedge  used  for  mat-making : 

scirpus  grosms, 

manzil.     Arab.     Place     where    one   alights; 
abode;  station. 


j^ 


manzilat.  [Arab,  manzilat.']  House,  inn ; 
abode ;  Sh.  Peng.,  20. 

mdnsalang.     A  plant  (unidentified). 

monsang.     A  civet-cat ;  usually  mnsang,  q.  v. 

mSnserah.  A  plant,  ilex  cymosa  or  vandia 
densiflora, 

munshi.  [Arab,  and  Hind.]  A  teacher  of 
language.  Mnushi,  Mrti-nya  guru  ataupengajar 
dalam  behasa-behasa :  munshi,  which  means 
teacher  or  instructor  in  languages  ;  Ht.  Abd., 
41. 

manslir.  Arab.  Victor,  conqueror;  a  proper 
name. 

mantik.       Arab.    Logical    speech ;    rhetoric ; 

logical  sequence  of  words ;  syntax.  NaM  dan 
m, ;  grammar  and  syntax  ;  Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  5  ; 
Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  37. 

mintak.  Arab.  Girdle,  zone.  Mintaku'  l-buruj : 
the  Zodiac. 

mSziang.  To  win ;  to  prevail ;  to  be  successful. 
A  ku  alah  engkau-lah  menang :  I  lose  and  you 
gain;  Ht.  Abd.,  356.  Alah  sabong  menang 
sorak :  losing  the  fight  but  victorious  in 
crowing  over  it ;  Prov. 


mIinong 


[  660  ] 


MOTA 


^ 


KL 


AMCkA 


jr^ 


Menangkan  :  to  cause  to  be  victorious ;  to  give 
victory  to.  Memenangkan :  id. ;  also:  to  prevail 
over;  Sli.  Jur.  Bud.,  25;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz.  Raja 
yang  di-mmangkan  Allah  daripada segala  sUent.- 
nya:  a  prince  to  whom  God  has  granted 
victory  over  all  his  foes;  Sej.  MaL,  128. 

Kemenangan  :  prevailing ;  being  successful. 
Mmyurohkan  orang  memberi  tahti  kemmangan 
kita  :  to  order  a  man  to  carry  the  news  of  our 
success;  Ht.  Abus,,  6. 

mSnong.  Sunk  in  thought.  Hairdn-lah  iya 
seraya  termenong  sa-jurtis  sebab  mhiengar  iUi : 
he  was  astonished  at  what  he  heard  and 
remained  plunged  in  thought  for  a  moment ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  219. 

mdnangkabau.  The  name  of  an  old  Malay 
state  in  Sumatra.  Colonies  from  this  state 
at  a  recent  period  settled  in  Malacca  and  the 
Negri  Sembilan  where  they  still  follow  the  old 
customary  law  {'ddat)  of  Menangkabau  and 
speak  the  peculiar  Sumatran  dialects  of  Malay, 

manfa*at.  Arab.  Profit,  gain,  success,  ad- 
vantage. Mengambil  m,  :  to  profit,  to  derive 
advantage;  Muj.,  2.  Bermanfa'at:  id.,  Muj., 
23.     Often  pronounced  niunafa'at. 

munkar.  Arab.  The  name  of  one  of  the  two 
angels  who  examine  the  souls  of  the  dead 
(the  other  being  NaMr) ;  Sh.  May.,  7.  Mim- 
kani  l-maut :  the  death  agony. 

munkir.  Arab.  To  deny,  to  repudiate,  to 
refuse  to  acknowledge,  to  be  false  to.  Munkir 
janji,  or  miinkirkaii  janji :  to  be  false  to  a 
promise;  Sh.  Sg,  Kanch.,  39.  Jika  sndah 
termaktub  di-mana-kah  dapat  di-immkiri  lagi : 
if  it  is  down  in  writing  how  can  it  be  repu- 
diated; Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  61. 

mSnantU.  Son-in-law,  daughter-in-law;  Ht. 
Abd.,  225,  245.  Bermenanttikan :  to  receive  as 
a  son-in-law  or  daughter-in-law ;  to  marry  a 
son  or  daughter  to ;  Sh.  Bid.,  75.  Puktd  ajtak 
sindir  menantu :  to  strike  one's  daughter  in 
order  to  annoy  one's  son-in-law^ ;  to  hurt  a 
person  indirectly;  Prov.  Anak  baik  menantu 
molek :  a  good  son  and  a  pretty  daughter-in- 
law  ;  a  good  harmonious  combination  ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  XXIV.,  90. 

manora  or  minora.  A  theatrical  perform- 
ance of  Siamese  origin ;  it  is  much  in  vogue  in 
the  Northern  states  of  the  Peninsula ;  Pel. 
Abd.,  62.     Also  mendora. 


X\aa    mSnahagU.     (Penang.)    To  importune,  to  dun. 

k*    mani.     Arab.     Seminal  fluid;    Muj.,   46;  Sh. 

-         I.  M.   P.,  7  ;  V.  manikani.     The  word  is  also 

applied  to  a  secretion  in  the  female  ;  Muj.,  88. 

\^  Ux*    mSniyaga.     To  trade  ;  a  variant  of  beniyagay 
q.  V. 


j^   manera,  mSnera  or  manira.    Jav.    I,  we, 

your  servant.  Ada-ptm  manera  sakaliyan  ini 
orang  gimong  :  we  (your  servants)  are  all  men 
of  the  mountains  ;  Ht.  Sh.     Also  mendera. 

^^/Ua    mSniran.     Jav,     A  medicinal  plant  (unidenti- 
fied).    Also  akar  m.  and  mhneniran. 


mfininga. 
manikam. 


A  plant  (unidentified). 
A  gem  ;  v.  manikam. 


mgnikai.     (Kedah.) 
which  Aesivoys  padi. 


An  animal  (unidentified) 


mdnila.  Manila,  in  the  Philippines.  Negeri 
m,  :  the  town  of  Manila.  Rantai  m,  :  a  pattern 
of  necklace  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Tali  m,  :  a  rope  of  good 
hemp  (in  contradistinction  to  one  of  coco-nut 
fibre). 


O^    mSnnyan.       Gum-benjamin,     styrax    benzoin. 
Better  kemennyan^  q.  v. 

y^    mo,     (Kedah.)     True  ;  it  is  true. 

yM    niU.     You  ;  the  pronoun  of  the  second  person 
plural  ;:=zkamu,  q,  v. 


J^ 


)y. 


^\yk 


muwa.     I.     In  high  spirits;  KL,  Pijn.,  v.  d.  W. 

II.  Pandang  termnwa:  (Kedah)  to  see  with 
disgust;  to  feel  abhorrence  at  the  sight  of 
anything.     Pronounced  moa^, 

muwara.     The     broad    tidal    estuary   at  the 
mouth  of  a  Malayan  river. 

nxuwMakat.      Arab.      Agreement;    concord; 

arrangement;  conference;  consultation.  Iya 
telah  muwdfakat  dengan  inggeris  :  he  had  made 
an  arrangement  with  the  English ;  Ht.  Abd., 
13.  Apabila  di-dengar  ideh  Tciju'l-nmlnk  akan 
muwdfakat  marika-itti :  when  T.  heard  the 
agreement  that  they  had  come  to;  Ht.  Gul 
Bak.,  47.  Tanda  muwdfakat  makan  sama-sama : 
dining  together  is  the  sign  of  concord ;  Prov. 
Putus  m. :  arriving  at  an  arrangement ;  Ht. 
Raj.  Don.,  76. 

Mnwdfakatkon  :  to  consult  together ;  to  come 
to  a  common  understanding;  Ht.  Abd.,  199. 
Bermnwdfakat :  to  be  in  league  together ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  190,  196,  199,  etc. 

Colloquially  this  word  is  usually  contracted 
and  corrupted  to  pakat. 


C-^^    mubut.     Fragile,  weak.     Also  mumut, 

Cj^  maut.  Arab.  Death;  the  hour  of  death. 
Kedatangan  m.:  the  coming  of  death;  Ht. 
Abd.,  300.  M dliku' l-maut :  the  Angel  of  Death  ; 
Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  91.  Apabila  engkau  maut: 
when  you  die  ;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  3. 

Cjjt^  mota.  I.  A  coarse  sail-cloth  or  sack-cloth ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg.     Kain  m, :  id. 

II.     See  memota. 


MUWAT 


[    66i     ] 


MORENG 


w>^ 


^y 


j^r 


^Ty* 


^r 


muwat.  Loading;  filling  with  cargo. 
Mxiwatan :  cargo.  Sa-buwah  perahu  yang 
sarat  muwatan :  a  vessel  deep  laden  with 
cargo  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  273.  Kalau  tiiwan  mengalir- 
kan  kapal  jangan  di-rosakkan  muwatan  sehaya  : 
if  you  launch  the  boat  do  not  injure  the  cargo 
I  have  put  into  her ;  Sh.  Peng.,  5. 

Muwatkan  and  memnwatkan :  to  load ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  129,  283,  284.  Bermuwat :  to  be  laden 
with;  Ht.  Abd.,  103. 


mutu.  I.  Sad;  sorrowful;  silent  in  sorrow. 
Berhati  in, :  with  feelings  of  sorrow ;  Sh.  Sg. 
Ranch.,  23;  Sh.  Jub.  Mai.,  6;  Sh.  Lamp.,  28. 
Jangan-lah  sangat  bermutii  dirt :  do  not  take  it 
too  much  to  heart ;  Ht.  Koris. 

n.  Tarn.  A  measure  of  the  purity  of  gold, 
=2!  carat.  Mas  sa-puloh  in,:  24  carat  gold; 
pure  gold ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  40 ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

HL  A  pearl ;  =  mutiya  or  niuttyara.  Ratna 
mutu  manikam :  gems  of  all  sorts ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak,,  41. 


mujor.  Fortunate;  lucky,  in  gambling  or 
sport;  good  fortune;  Kam.  Kech.,  15;  Sh. 
Kamp.  Boy.,  6;  Ht.  GuL  Bak.,  75,  77. 
Kemujoran :  luck ;  good  fortune ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  117,  142;  Ht.  Best.  Mujor  is  used  in 
contradistinction  to  making,  perv^erse  luck ;  cf. 
hiijor. 


manjtld.  Arab.  Existence;  life.  Ini  doUi 
hendak  maujudkan  ra'sa  sudah  kita  makan  :  this 
prayer  is  used  for  giving  life  to  the  quicksilver 
which  we  consume  (for  magical  purposes) ; 
Muj.,  67. 


muda.  Young,  unripe ;  light,  of  colour ; 
impure,  of  metal.  Anak  nmda-mtida :  the 
rising  generation ;  Ht.  Abd.,  47.  Rajah  m. : 
the  heir-apparent  in  a  Malay  state;  the 
highest  official  next  to  the  actual  ruler ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  II.  Pak  m.:  father's  or  mother's 
younger  brother.  Mak  //^;  mother's  younger 
sister.  Merah  m,  :  light  red.  Mas  m, :  gold 
containing  20  to  40  per  cent,  of  alloy.  Toleh 
tenggala  m. :  7  or  8  a.m. 

Anak  kuda  makan  di-padang 

Buwah  dalima  di-dalam-nya  puwan ; 

Banyak'lah  muda  sudah  di-pandang 
Di-mana  sama  bagai-inu  tuwan : 


j^r 


I   have  seen  many  youths  but    where  can 
find  one  as  fair  as  my  lord ;  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  4. 


I 


modar.     Mati  modar  :  to  die  choked;  to  die  a 


violent  death  ;- 
violent  death. 


-in  expressions  imprecating  a 


^;3v»  mudek.  Up-river;  travelling  up-stream. 
Mudek  ka-Jambi :  to  travel  up-river  to  Jambi ; 
Cr.  Gr.,  83.     Cf.  udi,  mudi,  etc. 


J- 


y 


o^y 


Cb:> 


'r 


fj:>jA 


modaL  Tam,  Capital  for  w^orking  a  business ; 
capital,  in  its  economic  sense  and  not  as  mere 
wealth.  Makan  m.  :  to  live  on  one's  capital 
(owing  to  slackness  of  business) ;  Ht.  Abd., 
216.  Menaroh  m.  :  to  invest  money  in  a 
business;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  M,  belajar :  the 
cost  of  an  education  (viewed  as  a  sort  of 
investment) ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  369. 


:>^   modin. 


[Arab.  J-^^.]     A  circumciser  (in  the 

Malay  Peninsula);  Ht.  Raj.  Don.,  48;  a 
muezzin  (elsewhere).  The  muezzin  or  caller 
to  prayer  is  called  bildl  in  British  Malaya. 

mudah.  Easy,  light,  trivial.  Tiyada-lah 
perchaya  yang  buleh  di-pechahkan  kota  tin 
dengan  mudah-nya :  they  did  not  believe  that 
the  fort  could  be  easily  destroyed  ;  Ht.  Abd., 
55.  Ne%chaya  di-mndah  Allah  akan  mati-nya: 
God  will  make  his  death  an  easy  one;  Muj., 
12. 

Mudah-mudahan  :  perhaps  ;  possibly  ;  would 
that.  Mudah-mudahan  kalau  buleh  sigera  iya 
mati  :  may  he  soon  die  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  22.  Mudah- 
mudahan  di-beri  A  1 1  ah  akan  d  iya  Shurga  tempat 
kediyaman-nya :  may  it  come  about  that  God 
gives  her  Heaven  as  her  dwelling-place  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  16. 

Mudahkan  :  to  render  easy,  painless  or  light ; 
Muj.,  40.  Memudahkan :  id. ;  Muj.,  12,  76. 
Kcmudahan :  ease ;  facility ;  being  easy. 
Pcrniudah  :  to  treat  as  light  or  unimportant ; 
to  despise  or  depreciate.  Tidak-lah  bideh  di- 
bum  at  pern  nud  ah  :  it  is  not  to  be  treated  lightly; 
Sh.  Tab.  Mimp.,  i.  Hati-kn  jangan  kamu 
permndah :  do  not  scorn  my  heart ;  do  not 
think    it    is   easily  won  ;  Sh.  Bid.,  112. 


mudi.  The  rear  or  stern  ;  the  rudder ;  cf.  tidi^ 
mudek i  etc.  Jurn  m. :  the  steersman  in  a  Malay 
vessel ;  Pel.  Abd.,  9 ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HL,  64. 

Kcmudi :  a  rudder.  K,  sepak :  a  native 
rudder.  K.  chai^at :  a  single  rudder  on 
European  lines.  Ketam  k, :  a  cross-bar  with 
two  lioles  in  it  used  with  the  k.  sepak. 

Kcmudiyan :  behind,  after,  afterwards. 


A  muezzin,  a  caller  to 
prayer  at  a  mosque;  Sh.  Ibl.,  5.  The  common 
corrupted  form  of  this  word  (modin)  is,  however, 
used  of  a  circumciser. 


.p^    muwadzdzin.    Arab. 


^    mura.      Ular    muva  :    (Riau,    Johor)     a     very 
■^^      venomous  snake  ;    lachesis   purpureo-macidattis  ; 
cf.  bora. 


3.^    murd.     Pers.    The  myrtle. 


muris.     A  kind  of  cloth  ^unidentified.) 


^  morang.       [Port,     murao,]      The    match   or 

(^J^      match-cord  of  a  cannon  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  64. 

P-jyi    moreng.      Choreng-moreng :    streaked    in     all 
^  directions,  vertically  and  otherwise  ;  Ht.  Abd., 

24;  V.  choreng. 


83 


MORONQ 


[    662    ] 


MUSIM 


tjr 


^jy 


py 


"jr 


^jy 


morong.  I.  Listless,  careless,  sad,  gloomy, 
despondent.  Birhati  m, :  sad  at  heart ;  Sh. 
A.  R.  S.  J.,  30.  Birmorong  durja  :  with  a 
melancholy  countenance ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

II.  A  variant  q{  morang,    q.  v. 

III.  A  kind  of  pot  or  cooking  vessel  with 
one  or  two  handles  to  it. 

IV.  Rumput  morong  or  daitn  m, :  a  plant 
used  medicinally;  scirpus  grossus ;  Muj.,  65. 

murup.  Brilliant ;  fiery,  of  colour.  Berpayong 
kartds  merah  miirup :  with  an  umbrella  of 
brilliant  red  paper;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata,  Kestimbam.: 
glowing  crimson.     Kartds  m,  mas  :  paper  fiery 

with  gilding  ;  Ht.  Sh. 

muram.  Sombre,  gloomy,  dark,  overcast. 
JangaU'lah  bermnram  jamjam  durja  :  do  not  let 
the  light  of  your  countenances  be  darkened; 
Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  107.  Bnlan  pun  kelam  serta 
inurain  :  the  moon  was  darkened  and  overcast ; 
Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  75. 

Dart  pay  a  tnrim   ka-bendang, 
Singgah  mandi  dalam   kolam ; 

Sunggoh    chehaya   bnlan   niengambang, 
Di-lindong  awan   menjadi   muram  : 

the  moon  is  glowing  brightly  on  the  face  of  the 
heavens  ;  but  should  the  clouds  veil  it,  it  will 
soon  become  obscured. 

morah  or  murah.  I.  Generous,  good-hearted, 
liberal ;  cheap,  of  goods.  Dengan  ^ddil  dan 
morah  :  with  justice  and  generosity;  Sej.  Mai., 
106.  Hati-nya  morah  ka-pada  segala  orang 
mis  km  :  he  was  of  a  generous  disposition  to 
all  who  were  poor ;  Ht.  Abd.,  153.  Tangan-nya 
morah:  he  was  open-handed;  Ht.  Abd.,  371. 
Jurn  tidis  yang  morah  gaji-nya  :  a  clerk  in 
receipt  of  a  low  salary;  Ht.  Abd.,  186.  Lagt 
morah  lagt  di4awar :  the  more  a  price  is 
reduced  the  more  the  buyer  bargains  ;  give 
an  inch  and  an  ell  is  asked  for;  Prov. 

Maha-morah  :  most  generous  ;  all-generous ; 
Ht.  Hamz.,  9. 

Kemorahan  :  (i)  generosity,  kindness,  liber- 
ality ;  Ht.  Abd.,  5  ;  (2)  cheapness;  Sh.  Lamp., 
22.  Pemorah  :  a  charm  to  cheapen  what  one 
wants  to  buy  or  render  one*s  means  of  liveli- 
hood easily  obtainable  ;  Muj.,  72. 

II.  (Singapore.)  The  lower  fastening  of  a 
sail. 

murai.  The  magpie-robin  ;  copsichus  mnsicus  ; 
Sh.  Ungg.  Bers.,  g  ;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,  5 ;  Sh. 
Bur.  Nuri,  5. 

Bnnyi  m.  or  cherita  m,  :  when  the  note  of 
the  magpie-robin  is  heard,  i.^.,  about  5  a.m. ; 
the  first  dawning  of  day;  Ht.  Sri  Rama 
(Maxw.),  I. 

Murai   bertitah,   miri  meragam, 
Fajar  menyengseng,  habis-lah  malam : 

the  robin  twitters,  the  lory  gives  out  its  note, 
the  dawn  appears  and  the  night  is  at  an  end  ; 
Sh.  A.  R.  S.J.,  4. 


Panjang   rambut  Enche'  Jtdiia, 

Panjang   melilit   ibu  kaki ; 
Menengar  mnrai   bercherita 

A  bang  di-laui    Tanjong  Jati : 

when  you  hear  the  note  of  the  magpie-robin 
{i,e,,  at  the  first  streaks  of  daylight)  I  shall  be 
at  sea  off  Tanjong  Jati. 

M.  batu  :  a  bird,  glareola  orientalis  ? 

M,  gila  :  a  fantail  flycatcher. 


muri.  1.  Pers.  A  sort  of  flute  or  clarionet  of 
metal  ( in  contradistinction  to  a  bamboo-flute 
or  bangsi);  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  11;  Ht. 
Raj.  Sul.,  6;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Meniyup  m,  : 
to  play  on  this  instrument ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  55. 

II.  Moire-cloth;  Ht.  Koris. 


.    .    mauz.    Arab.     The  banana  ;  =  (Malay)  pisang, 
\oj^    moza.     A  variant  ofmozah,  q.  v. 


^JT 


to'i 


'JT 


t^ 


f^y 


mozah.  Pers.  Shoes,  boots.  Mozah-nya  da- 
tang  ka-mata  dnli ;  his  shoes  came  up  to  the 
ankle  ;  Ht.  Koris.  Mozah-nya  datang  ka-mata 
kaki :  id. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Di-champakkan 
mozah-nya  ka-dalam  tasek  itu :  he  cast  his 
shoes  into  the  lake;  Ht.  Koris.  Also  Ht. 
Hamz.,  24.     The  word  is  not  in  colloquial  use. 

musang.  A  civet ;  a  generic  name  given  to  a 
number  of  animals  of  the  family  viverridcd. 
Also  (Riau)  mongsang  or  monsang, 

M.akar:  the  small-toothed  palm-civet ;  arcto- 
gale  leucotis, 

M.  babi  the  water  mongoose,  herpestes  bro- 
chyurns. 

i¥.  bidan:  the  white-whiskered  palm-civet ; 
paradoxtirus  lencomystax, 

M.  jebat :  the  Indian  civet;   viverra  zibetha. 

M,  kudil :  (Kedah)  a  species  of  civet  (uniden- 
tified). 

M.  tenggalong  :  the  Burmese  civet ;  viverra 
megaspila. 

Pa'  Musang :  a  legendary  personage  gifted 
with  an  imprudent  disposition  but  with  an 
unfailing  good-fortune  which  got  him  out  of 
every  difficulty.  Sapcrti  Pa' Musang  :  a  '^  lucky 
devil '';  a  man  whose  very  blunders  turn  out 
well. 


musim.  [Arab,  musim.l  Season,  period, 
time.  M.  hujan  :  the  rainy  season.  M.  kemarau : 
the  dry  season ;  a  drought ;  Ht.  Abd.,  217,  278. 
M.  bugis  datang :  the  period  of  the  year  at 
which  the  Bugis  ships  arrive  from  Celebes; 
Ht.  Abd.,  267.  Af.  utara  :  the  N.  E.  monsoon ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  190 ;  Bint.  Tim.,  16  January,  1895. 
M.  buwah  tempuwi  masak  :  the  season  when  the 
timpuwi  fruit  {baccaurea  malayana)  is  ripe ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  387. 


MUSOH 


[    663    ] 


MUWAL 


4.*JA^ 


milSOh.  A  public  or  national  foe,  in  contra- 
distinction to  a  private  enemy  (setem), 
Inggeris  Utah  bermnsoh  dengan  holanda  :  the 
English  were  at  war  with  the  Dutch ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  98.  Serta  iya  menengar  khabar  mtisoh 
datang  jadi  bStul :  when  he  heard  that  there 
was  truth  in  the  report  that  the  enemy  were 
approaching ;  Sej.  Mai.,  115.  Mtisoh-miisoh 
baik  laimn  atau  perompak  :  enemies  of  all  sorts 
whether  Ilanun  or  other  pirates  ;  Ht.  Abd., 
464. 

Permtisohan  :  a  state   of  public   hostility  ;   a 
state  of  war;  Sej.  MaL,  154. 


dT, 


r 


mtisa.  Arab.  Moses ; 
met  with.  Nabi  m, 
Testament  history. 


a   proper   name   often 
:     the     Moses  of    Old 


musi.     A  granular  medicine  (unidentified). 
mungut.     To  totter  ;  Kl. 

mungam.  To  mutter  ;  to  grumble  to  oneself ; 
to  murmur  (of  a  sulky  man).  Also  (Kedah) 
7tgungain, 

IDOpeng.  (Kedah.)  Pock-marked; pock-pitted. 
Also  (Riau,  Johor)  bopeng. 

muwak.     An     inclination     to     hiccough  ;    a 

nauseating  sensation  ;  a  feeling  of  disgust. 
Also  mtiwa  (pronounced  moa^). 

maukif.     Arab.  A  station  ;  a  stopping-place  ; 

a  place  from  which  a  fine  view  can  be 
obtained, — used  especially  of  Mount  'Arafat 
from  which  the  pilgrims  obtain  a  view  of  the 
holy  city  of  Mecca;  Sh.  May.,  18;  Ht.  Kal. 
Dam.,  423. 

muka.  The  face ;  the  countenance ;  the 
visage  ;  the  front ;  the  proper  surface  or  side 
that  should  face  you.  Saperti  talarn  duwa 
mtika  :  like  a  tray  of  which  either  side  can  be 
used  ;  double-faced  ;  treacherous  ;  Prov.,  J.  S. 
AS.,  II.,  139.  Tarek  muka  duwa-belas  :  to  pull 
a  long  face  (literally  :  to  pull  twelve  faces)  ;  Prov. 
Mukahendaknaikkepala  :  the  face  wishes  to  get 
to  the  top  of  the  head  ;  you  wish  to  go  too  far  ; 
Prov.  M.  papan  :  brazen-faced  ;  impudence. 
M,  mams  :  a  pleasant  or  kindly  countenance  ;  a 
sympathetic  expression ;  Ht.  Abd.,  7,  15. 
Muka-nya  lebar  :  his  face  was  broad  ;  Ht.  Abd., 
328.  Di'imtka  pintu  :  before  the  gate ;  in  front  of 
the  door ;  Ht.  Abd.,  58.  M.  surat :  a  page  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  343,  Orang  inggeris  yang  puteh  muka- 
nya  :  those  of  the  English  who  had  white 
faces  {ix,,  faces  not  reddened  by  intoxication); 
Ht.  Abd.,  82.   MBngadap  m.  ;to  face. 

A  rang  di-mtika  :  coal  smeared  on  the  face  ; 
(by  metaphor)  defilement ;  insult ;  affront ;  Cr. 
Gn,  63.  Arang  yangUrchonteng  di-mtika  ;id. ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  396. 

Alang  m. :  the  place  in  front  of  the  captain's 
cabin  m  a  Malay  ship. 


Jr 


Jr 


Ayer  m.  :  complexion;  expression.  Ahi^ 
binasakan  ayer  muka-nya  :  I  shall  spoil  his  ex- 
pression for  him  ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  44.  Ayer  muka- 
nya  manis  :  he  had  a  kindly  expression. 

Chehaya  m, :  the  light  of  the  countenance  ; 
the  look.  Berseri'lah  chehaya  muka-nya  :  his 
countenance  cleared;  Ht.  Abd.,  222. 

Masam  m,  :  sulkiness  of  expression  ;  sourness. 

Muka-m,  :  airs  ;  feigned  feelings  ;  hypocritical 
airs.  Adayang  menangis  pura-pura  sebab  muka- 
muka  siipaya  di-ketahuwi  orang  iya  bersahdbat 
dengan  raja  :  some  pretended  to  weep  for  the 
sake  of  appearances,  in  order  that  men  might 
know  that  they  were  on  friendly  terms  with 
the  (departing)  governor ;  Ht,  Abd.,  291.  Di- 
buwat-nya  muka-muka  :  to  make  hypocritical 
advances  (to  a  hated  enemy)  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  407. 
Maka  suwara  hamba  ini  bukan-nya  bermuka- 
muka  sa-bcnar-benar-nya  dengan  suchi  hati : 
our  words  are  not  uttered  in  insincerity  but 
are  truly  and  honestly  meant ;  Bint.  Tim,, 
4  April,  1895. 

Seri  m.  :  (i)  the  charm  of  the  countenance ; 
(2)  a  name  given  to  a  sweetmeat  made  of  jawi 
flour  and  coco-nut  milk.  Bergerak  njong 
sanggul  naik  seri  muka  :  whenever  the  loose 
end  of  her  braided  tresses  trembles  new 
charms  arise  in  her  face  ;  Cr. 


mukim.      [Arab,  mukwt.]   A  parish  ;  v.  mukim. 
mukun.     A  bowl  or  cup ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

mukah.  Bermukah :  to  commit  adultery  or 
fornication  ;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw^,  47  ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
55,  62,  202  ;  Ht,  Ism.  Yat.,  49. 


moga.  Moga-moga  :  an  optative  expression 
meaning  "  may  it  be,  "  "  w^ould  that.  "  Moga- 
moga  di-perUmU'kan  Allah  juga  aku  dengan 
sahdbat'ku  yang  baik  itn  :  may  God  unite  me 
with  that  good  friend  of  mine  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  392. 
The  expression  also  occurs  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya  ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak,,  45,  142, 

mugah.  Fornication  ;  Sh.  Dag.,  4.  Usually 
mukah,  q,  v. 

mola.  Commencement ;  beginning ;  source, 
origin.  Apa  mola-nya  datang  ka-mari :  what 
was  the  cause  of  his  coming  here  ;  why  did  he 
first  come  here.  Mola-fnola  :  first  of  all ;  to 
begin  with.     Sa-mola  :  as  at  first. 

Mola'i  to  commence ;  to  begin ;  Ht.  Abd., 
47>  53?  182.  Memolai :  id.;  Ht.  Abd.,  145,  146, 
227. 

Bermola-mola  :  in  the  first  place ;  Ht,  Abd., 
53. 

Permolaan  :  commencement,  beginning; 
Ht.  Abd.,  26,  50 ;  Sh.  Pr.  Turk.,  4. 

muwal.  To  swell,  as  good  rice  does  when 
boiled.  Saperti  beras  kumbah,  di-juwal  ta'- 
laku  di'tanak  ta' -muwal :  like  wet  rice  which 
will  fetch  nothing  when  sold  and  will  not 
expand  when  boiled ;  a  type  of  worthlessness  ; 
Prov.,  J,  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  36. 


MAULANA 


[    664    ] 


MONYET 


\j^j^   maulana. 

land :     Oh 


Kanch. 


Arab.     Our  Lord,     Ayiihai   mau- 
my    lord;    my   master;     Sh.    Sg. 


cJ 


'y 


mulut.  The  mouth.  Perkataan yang  keluwar 
dan  mulut-nya :  the  words  which  left  his 
mouth ;  Ht.  Abd.,  30.  Terkatiip-lah  mulut- 
nya  :  their  mouths  were  closed ;  they  were 
silenced;  Ht.  Abd.,  67.  Sebab  mulut  badan 
binasa  :  because  of  the  mouth  the  body  (often) 
perishes;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  140.  Bawa 
lari  dari  mulut  buwaya,  masok  ka-mulut  harimau: 
to  save  it  from  the  crocodile's  mouth  only  to 
place  it  in  the  tiger's  mouth;  out  of  the 
frying-pan  into  the  fire ;  Prov.  Mulut  di-suwap 
pisangy  buntut  di-jangkit  duri :  to  thrust  banana 
into  our  mouths  and  thorns  into  our  backs ; 
to  do  an  ill  turn  under  cover  of  a  good  one ; 
Prov.,  cf.  Ht.  Abd.,  255.  Pisau  senjata  tiyada 
tajam^  mtdut  manusiya  terlebeh  tajam  :  knives 
and  weapons  are  not  sharp,  for  the  mouth  of 
man  is  far  sharper ;  Prov.,  cf.  Ht.  Abd.,  210. 

Manis  in. :  soft-spoken  ;  gentle,  in  speech ; 
persuasive,  eloquent.  M.  panjang  :  loquacious, 
babbling.     Sedap  m, :    pleasant-spoken. 

Bawa  m. :  to  go  tale-bearing. 

Simpai  m.  :  a  muzzle  {e.g.,  for  a  dog). 

j3^    maulid.     Arab.     Time  of  birth ;  place  of  birth. 
J^j^    mulor.     Extensible,  elastic.     Cf.  hulor. 


•j^    mumut.     The   quivering  of  the    fontanel; 


molos.     Puchok   molos :    the   tip    or    extreme 
point  of  anything ;  the  source  of  a  river. 

mnlas.     Mulas  perut :    colic  ;    choleraic  pains  ; 
gripes.     Also  meinulas  perut  from  ptdas,  q.  v. 


ji 


j^ 


J>J 


molong.  Buwah  molong  :  a  sweetmeat,  said  to 
be  identical  with  the  buwah  melaka. 

molek.     Fair,  pretty,    handsome,     charming. 

Renchaiia yang  molek-molek  :  pretty  stories  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  139.  Orang  muda  yang  molek :  a  fair 
youth;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  91. 

maulM.  Arab.  Birthday.  Bulan  m, :  the 
month  containing  the  Prophet's  birthday; 
the  month  rabiHH-awwal ;  (by  extension)  any 
one  of  the  four  months  known  as  bulan  empat 
sa-nama:  s.  v.  bulan. 


\        mauliya.     Arab.  Lord;  my  Lord.     Ya  man- 
^-^      liyct,  y^  tuhan-ku  :  Oh  Lord,  my  God !  Ht.  Jay. 
Lengg.   A  llah  mauliya  :  Oh  God,  my  Lord ;  Sh. 
Ul.,  32. 


'r 


'r 


momit    or  mumit.     The    movement    of  the 
mouth  in  speaking  or  eating. 

Mulut   bergerak  momit-momit, 
SBndiri  tahu^   ta'-dengar  ka-orang : 

his  mouth  goes  on  moving  and  moving  but  he 
alone  understands,  no  one  else  can  hear  him. 
Also  mokmit. 


iemut-mut 

momong.  A  kind  of  gong ;  a  variant  of  the 
word  mongmong,  q.  v. 

Momongkan  :  to  announce  by  beat  of  this 
gong ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  377 ;  cf.  chanangkan, 
from  chanang,  q.  v. 

mo'mok.     (Kedah.)    Blunt ;  =  mampaL 

mumal.     A  kind  of  muslin  ;  Kl. 

mumin.  Arab.  The  Faithful ;  the  holders  of 
the  true  faith;  religious;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb., 
22.  Amini'l-muminin  :  **  Commander  of  the 
Faithful,"  a  title  taken  by  the  Caliphs. 
Khali fatuH-milminm  ;  id. ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

mtinil.  Gajah  munil :  a  kind  of  elephant 
(unidentified). 

mohur.  The  stamp  on  a  coin.  Chap  m.  : 
the  die  of  the  mint ;  Ht.  Best. 

mohun.  Bermohun :  to  take  one's  leave ;  to  ask 
leave  to  depart ;  ci,  pohun,  Masing-masing  pun 
bennohun-lah  lalu  turun  ka-sampan  :  each  took 
his  leave  and  went  to  his  boat ;  Ht.  Abd.,  294. 
Tiyada  membevi  tabek  atau  bermohun  lagi :  he 
gave  no  greeting  or  word  of  farewell;  Ht. 
Abd.,  335. 

muwai.  To  swell,  of  rice;  =  muwal,  q.  v. 
The  word  is  also  used  metaphorically  to  mean 
extensive,  e.g.,  of  the  Queen's  empire;  Sh. 
Jub.  Mai.,  4. 

moyang.  Great-grandfather  or  great-grand- . 
mother.  AV^^^fe  m. :  ancestors  generally.  Ada- 
pun  moyang- ku  laki-laki  itu  sa-orang  'Arab 
ncgeri-nya  Yaman  :  my  great-grandfather  was 
an  Arab  from  Yemen ;  Ht.  Abd.,  7 ;  cf.  also 
Sej.  Mai.,  138.  '  Adat  nenek  m, :  ancestral 
customs;  Ht.  Abd.,  17,  398. 


ijyi    moyong.     A  plant  (unidentified),  said  to  be  a 
Cy        species  of  nepenthes.     Ikan  m. :  (Kedah)  a   fish 
(unidentified). 

j^        moyangda.     A     respectful     literary  form    of 
^      moyang,    great-grandfather ;     Ht.    Koris.    Cf. 
ayahanda,  bonda,  anakanda,  etc. 

,        muyu.     Buwah  muyu:  a  fruit    (unidentified). 
-?i?^      It  IS  black  and  sour. 


iSy 


B^ 


\r 


monyet.     A     generic     name 
monkey,  as  a  term  of  abuse. 
dan  monyet   di-katakan-nya : 
times  that  he  called  me  **dog 
Ht.   Abd.,   37.     Tiyada  tahu 
monyet  kera  yang  lain :  he  was 
like  other  monkeys;  Ht.  Abd., 
(literally)  a  monkey-house;  a 
Abd.,  58. 


for     monkeys ; 

Beberapa  anjing 

many   were   the 

"  or  *' monkey"; 

menakal  saperti 
not  mischievous 
90.  Rumah  m. : 
sentry-box;  Ht. 


MONYES 


[    665    ] 


MEDAN 


jj-*^^    monyes  or  monyos. 

V.  d.  W. 


Ashamed;    KL,  Pijn., 


I 


<^^  monyeh.  Makan  monyeh:  to  eat  without 
eating  one's  fill ;  to  eat  much,  but  less  than 
enough. 

A^    moh.     No;    I    will    not;    I    won't;    I    refuse; 
unwilling;  =::  emboli, 

V^  maha.  [Skr.  mahd.]  Great ;  very,  exceed- 
ingly (in  compounds).  This  word  is  never 
used  by  itself  but  always  as  modifying  an 
adjective  or  adjectival  noun  with  which  it  is 
compounded. 

Maha-hanyak  :  most  numerous ;  countless ; 
incalculable,  of  wealth ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  24. 

Maha-hesar  :  most  great ;  most  exedted  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  12,  465  ;  Cr,  Gr.,  64. 

Maha-biru  :  Mahameru,  the  Hindu  Olympus  ; 
(by  extension)  huge,  mighty,  of  a  mountain  ; 
Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 

Maha-dewa  :  the  Great  God ;  Siva  ;  one  of  the 
names  or  attributes  of  Siva  personified  as  a 
separate  divinity. 

Maha-elok :  most  fair ;  most  beautiful,  as  a 
complimentary  description ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  32. 

Maha-gempita  :  most  awesome  ;  most  terrible, 
of  the  majesty  of  a  prince  ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  58. 

Maha-kota :  a  crown  ;  a  variant  (by  erroneous 
etymology  of  niakota)  ;  see  also  mahkota. 

Maha-limpah :  ever-flowing  ;  freely  flowing, 
of  generosity  or  mercy ;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  24, 

Maha-luwas :  most  spacious,  of  a  plain  ;  Sej. 
Mai.,  57;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Maha-meru :  the  Hindu  Olympus ;  v.  maha- 
biru, 

Maha-morah  :  the  All-liberal  or  All-merciful, 
of  God ;  most  generous,  of  a  prince ;  Ht. 
Hamz.,  9. 

Maha-muliya :  most  illustrious ;  Cr.  Gr.,  64. 

Maha-nyaring :  most  shrill ;  all-piercing,  of  a 
sound ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

Maha-raja :  great  king ;  a  title. 

Maha-rana  :  a  great  prince  or  king  ;  a  variant 
of  maharaja  ;  Cr.  Gr.,  80. 

Maha-rani :  a  great  queen  or  princess ;  a 
feminine  of  maharaja  or  fiiaharana ;  Sh.  Jub. 
Mai.,  5 ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.  {puteri  Maharani 
Langkawd).  Bandar  maharani :  a  place  in  Muar 
called  after  the  wife  of  the  late  Sultan  (once 
Maharaja)  of  Johor. 

Maha-rishi :  a  great  sage  ;  a  deified  sage ;  Ht. 
Sri  Rama ;  Bint.  Timor,  16  Jan.,  1895. 

Maha-riipa :  most  fair ;  most  lovely ;  most 
beautiful,  of  a  girl ;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  50. 

Maha-snchi :  most  pure  ;  All -pure,  of  God  ;  Ht. 
Raj.  Sul.,  4. 

Maha-tajam :  most  sharp ;  very  sharp,  of  a 
sword ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Maha4angkas :  most  agile ;  very  swift  in  its 
movements ;  Sej.  MaL,  47. 

Maha4inggi :  most  exalted;  Cr.  Gr.,  64. 


^Mr*    mahdi.      Arab.        Rightly      guided;      guide; 
paraclete. 

yifM  mahar.  [Arab,  mahr,]  The  dowTy  (in  the 
Muhammadan  sense) ;  the  settlements  on  the 
bride  which  become  her  property  if  she  is 
divorced  without  serious  cause. 

Hendak   di-pulangkan  segala   mahar, 
Jangan4ah   lagi   niembuwat   tenar : 

all  your  settlements  will  be  paid  back  to  you, 
only  do  not  make  this  matter  public;  Sh. 
Peng. 

The   mahr   is   usually   know^n   by  the  name 
emas  kahwin. 

Ijys,^  mahakota  or  mahkota.  [Skr,  makilta,]  A 
crown  (by  erroneous  derivation  from  maha- 
kota), M.  segala  raja-raja:  "the  diadem  of 
kings";  the  name  of  a  well-known  Malay 
work.  A  mpun  tttwan-ku,  mahkota  negeri  : 
forgive  me.  Sir,  Ruler  of  the  Land ;  Sh.  Pr. 
Ach.,  3.  M,  indera :  a  royal  crown ;  royal 
prince ;  Sh,  Put.  Ak,,  33. 

Putera  m, :  a  son  of  royalty;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


iir- 


J^«r* 


mahaligai.  Tam.  A  palace.  Better  (ety- 
mologically)  inaligai,  but  mahaligai  is  the 
commoner  form. 

mahir.     Pers.    The  moon. 


(^^^^  mahisa  or  mahesa.  [Skr.  mahisha.]  A 
buffalo ;  '*  buffalo,"  as  a  title  of  honour  among 
the  ancient  Javanese.     Usually  misa,  q.  v. 


mait.     Arab.     A  dead  (human)  body ;  a  corpse. 
Usually  pronounced  mayat,  q,  v.      Cf.  bangkai, 

mitai.     Kuweh  mitai :  a  kind  of  cake  (unidenti- 
fied); J.  LA.,  L,  82. 

meja.      [Port,    meza,]     A    table;    Ht.     Abd., 


iS^ 


^   meja. 

C      87,  II 


rjf^    mejan.     A  game  played  with  a  rough  kind  of 
dice  (bnw ah  mej an), 

^\^^    mejah.      [Port,  meza,]     A  table;  a  variant  of 
meja. 

.  \  j^    maidan.     See  medan. 

.X>    midar.     To  travel  round ;  a  Javanese  variant 
^    *       of  mengidar.     Midar  sa-putar  'dlam :  to  travel 
round  the  earth  ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


^jJuA   medan 


[Pers.  maidan.']  A  plain ;  an  open 
field ;  a  field  of  battle;  (by  metaphor)  a  cock- 
pit or  ring  or  any  place  which  is  the  scene  of 
a  combat.  M.  pBperangan :  a  field  of  battle  ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  Pulau  itu 
terlalu  baik  medan-nya :  that  island  has  a  fine 
open  and  level  surface ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  185. 


MERENa 


[     666    ] 


MAIL 


Orang  menjala  di-dalam   Ulok, 

Dapat  sa-ekor  anak  ikan ; 
Gagah  tuwan  jangan4ah   tunjok, 
Tiyada  pernah  masok   di-medan : 
do  not  boast  about  your  courage  for  you  have 
never  entered  the  field  (of  battle). 

pj^    mereng  or  miring.     To  heel  over,  of  a  sailing 
^  boat ;  to  lean  far  over  to  one  side.     Dari  atas 

kuda  jatoh  termereng :  to  fall  right  over   on  one 

side;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

^>>V  merah.  Red.  M.  tuwa  :  dark  red.  M.  muda  : 
light  red.  Best  merah-merah  :  red-hot  iron  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  6i.  Ayer  anggor  merah :  red  wine ;  claret ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  304.  Bermerahkan  :  to  colour  red  ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Kemerah-merahan :  reddish ; 
reddening;  Ht.  Abd.,  453.  M,padam:  lotus- 
red  ;  fiery  red,  as  the  face  of  an  angry  warrior. 

to;-U  mirah.  Batu  mirah:  a  ruby;  a  carbuncle; 
used^also  (Kam.  Kech.,  7)  as  an  equivalent  of 
ya'kut,  a  jacinth. 

^^^-MMt    mesa.     I.     [Port,   meza.']     A  table.     Usually 
meja, 

II.     See  misa. 

^^^    misa.     [Skr.  mahisha.]     A  buffalo ;  a  title  of 
*-^"        honour  used  in  ancient  Java ;  Ht.  Sh.     Misa 

Perbujaya  and  Misa  Tandurraman :  names  of 

old  Javanese  heroes.     Also  mesa. 


itifWhlirt.'^ 


jgV»Mj^ 


Cj"*'^ 


4^*^ 


mising.  (Kedah.)  Bad  diarrhoea  and  vomit- 
ing as  the  result  of  eating  crabs,  shell-fish 
and  other  dangerous  foods. 

mesem.  Grinning,smiling.  Maka  Barat  Gem- 
pita  itti-piin  bermesem-mesem  :  B.  G.  srrinned  ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

misan.  (Kedah.)  The  honey  in  a  comb;  = 
mantsan  ? 

LBbah  bertuwalang   di-pohim  keriyang, 
Batk   lekas   chart  pawang  ; 
Lalai   lengah  nanfi   Urbang, 
Misan    ta' dapat   tinggal  sambang : 

the  bees  are  swarming  on  the  keriyang  tree  ; 
you  will  do  well  to  fetch  a  pawang  (expert) 
quickly ;  for  if  you  are  slow  and  slack  the 
bees  will  fly  away,  you  will  not  get  the  honey, 
but  will  be  left  with  the  dry  deserted  nest. 

misoh.  Jav.  To  abuse,  to  scold.  Minyumpah 
misoh  :  id. ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

misai.     [Tam.  ?]     A  moustache. 

i¥.  beramiis :  a  heavy  unkempt  moustache ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  382. 

i¥.  bertaring:  a  moustache  with  fiercely 
turned-up  ends,— affected  by  Malay  warriors. 

M.  lalat  hinggap :  a  slight  moustache,  very 
faint  in  the  middle  but  darker  at  the  extremi- 
ties. 

M.  Ubat :  a  drooping  moustache. 


miyang.  The  fine  hair-like  bits  of  bamboo 
which  are  seen  when  a  piece  of  bamboo  is 
broken  in  two ;  the  ticklish  feeling  or  smart 
created  by  a  nettle  or  by  these  minute  frag- 
ments of  bamboo;  itchiness  generally ;  lasci- 
viousness.  Miyang gatal :  lustfulness,  itchiness. 
Membiiwang  m.:  to  move  restlessly,  as  a 
spectator  who  would  like  to  join  in  a  game 
but  may  not  do  so. 

mengut.  Not  fitting  properly ;  incongruous  ; 
inharmonious. 


miyap. 

tiyap. 


Miyap-tiyap  :   every,    each  ;  =  tiyap- 


J^  meper.  To  reel  sideways;  to  be  driven  to 
leeward,  of  a  sailing  boat  trying  to  tack.  Also 
memeper.     Cf.  peper, 

^yXuk    niipis.     Thin,  of  paper,  boards,  etc. ;  a  variant 
^^  "        of  nipis ;  Cr.  Gr.,  66. 

miyak.  Chiyak-miyak :  (Onom.)  the  sound 
(Riau,  Johor)  of  the  twittering  of  birds,  or 
(Kedah)  of  the  continuous  crying  of  young 
children  ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  26.     Cf.  chiyar. 


meka  or  mika.    They 
mega,  II. 


marika.    But  see 


mikall. 

Michael. 


Arab.      Michael;      the     Archangel 


mega.  I.  [Skr.  megha,]  White  fleecy  rain- 
less clouds ;  cirrhus. 

M.  berangkat :  rising  white  clouds  ;  Sej.  Mai., 
38. 

A/,  berarak ;  white  fleecy  clouds  driving 
across   the  sky ;   Ht.  Sg.   Samb.,   Ht.  Koris. 

M,  berawan :  white  fleecy  clouds  overhead ; 
Ht.  Rons. 

M.  dadu  :  a  rosy-tinted  sky;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

M.  pengaras  :  clouds  in  long  streaks  or  fleecy 
lines ;  a  pattern  ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  87. 

II.  You;  =  engkaii,  Haiindong Hang  Tuwah, 
dari  sa-lama-nya  mega  diidoh  dekat  kampong 
kita  ini :  mother  of  Hang  Tuwah,  for  a  very 
long  time  you  have  been  living  near  our  resi- 
dence ;  Ht.  Hg.  Tuw.,  15.  The  word  also 
occurs  as  a  second  person  plural  in  two  passages 
in  the  Ht.  Koris  (mari-lah  mega  ikiit  berjalan, 
and  jangan  mega  memakai  sa-rupa  ini) ;  also  (in 
the  form  meka  or  mika)  in  the  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 
{apa  pula  di-hirau-nya  meka  sakaliyan  ini) 
and  in  the  Ht.  Best,  {pelek  pula  meka  ini 
hendak,  etc.)-  According  to  Dutch  authorities 
meka  is  a  variant  of  mareka  (they)  ;  but  this 
seems  doubtful.  Colloquially  it  has  the 
meaning  "you"  whenever  understood,  which 
is  not  often. 


*p^    megan.     A  sweetmeat,  said  to  be  a  variety  of 
the  kuweh  dodoL 

,J^    mail.     Eng.     Mile ;   Ht.  Abd.,  66,  355.      But 
batu  (mile-stone)  is  more  common. 


M&L 


[    667    ] 


MINYAK 


Vt*    mel.     Eng.     Mail.     Kapal  m, :  a  mail-steamer. 

JU*    milir.     To  go    down    stream;    a    (Javanese) 
variant  of  mengilir  ;  v.  hilir. 

iju*    meleng.     (Kedah.)     Shame  ;=wa/i^ 

viSJU*  milek.  [Arab,  milk,']  Property,  possession, 
ownership.  Siapa  empunya  milek :  whose 
ownership;  who  is  the  owner;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk., 
27.  Di'dalam  milek  tiiwan :  in  your  possession  ; 
Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  122.  Badan-nya  bulehdi-milek, 
hati-nya  tiyada  di-milek :  the  body  may  be 
owned  but  the  heart  is  beyond  the  control  of 
others ;  Prov. 

Sehaya   ta'-berani    berjanji    tegoh, 
Sehaya   di-dalam   milek    orang  : 

I  cannot  give  a  definite  promise  for  I  am  in 
the  power  of  another. 

Geran  m, :  a  freehold  title. 

Memileki :  to  own  ;  to  rule ;  to  govern ;  Sh. 
Abd.  Mk.,  49,  no, 

milam.  An  old  man  or  woman  (generally  the 
latter).     M.  perbu  :  id.;  Sh.  Si.  Lemb. 

mim.     The  name  of  the  letter  ^  • 

memang.  Permanently ;  for  good ;  as  a  lasting 
or  lifelong  arrangement ;  firm,  definite.  Bawa 
memang  adek  kami  ini :  we  will  take  our  sister 
home  for  good ;  Ht.  Koris.  Ya-itti  memang 
tahu  behasa :  that  is  to  know  the  language 
beyond  the  possibility  of  forgetting  it;  Ht. 
Abd.,  392.  Di-pegang-nya  jnemang  sudah 
jari-nya :  he  seized  the  fingers  in  an  iron  grip ; 
Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  37.  Memang  hati-nya  terlalu 
rindti  akan  baginda  raja  itu :  her  heart  felt  a 
deep  and  lifelong  attachment  for  the  prince; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata,  Memang-nya  datang4ah 
kapada  zamdn  Shah  '  dlam :  continuously  on 
to  the  time  of  your  Majesty's  reign;  Ht. 
Hamz.,  53. 

memek.  Whining ;  grumbling,  fretting. 
Bermemek-memek  or  te rntemek -memek :  grum- 
bhng  or  fretting  continually ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  24. 

maimtUl.     Arab.     Lucky,  fortunate. 


n.     Btirong  mina:  (Batav.)  the  **mynah' 
( Malay )  tiyong  ;  eulales  javanensis. 


or 


J^ 


0^ 


c^ 


mina.  I.  [Skr.  mina  :  the  sea.]  Gajah  mina  : 
the  "sea-elephant,''  or  leviathan;  a  name 
given  to  the  whale.^ 


I  Whales  being  of  very  rare  occurrence  the  native  idea 
of  their  appearance  is  not  very  accurate,  and  the  description 
of  the  gajah  mina  would  apply  more  closely  to  the  walrus, 
which  is  quite  unknown  as  an  inhabitant  of  these  seas  but 
which  may  be  known  by  the  stories  of  travellers.  The 
gajah  mina  is  popularly  believed  to  be  tusked. 

Gajah  mina  di-laut  Acheh 

Masok  hUuhar  pafah  gading-nya ; 

Sudah  herUmu  dhigan  kSkaseh 
Ddlam  dnnya  sukar  bandtng-nya. 


minat.  To  covet ;  to  desire  what  is  in 
another's  possession.  Hang  ta' -minat ^  akupun 
ta'-bisat :  you  do  not  covet  it  and  I  am 
indifferent  to  it;  six  of  one  and  half  a  dozen 
of  the  other;  Prov. 


minit.     Eng.     Minute, 
minutes ;  Ht.  Abd.,  193. 


r 


A.X-WA 


OJ^ 


fcj^ 


v3r^ 


Sa-puloh  minit :    ten 


minum.  To  drink ;  drinking ;  the  consumption 
by  man  of  fluids;  (by  extension)  smoking, 
M.  teh:  tea-drinking;  Ht.  Abd.,  87.  M. 
madat :  opium  smoking ;  Ht.  Abd.,  410.  M. 
cherutu  :  cigar-smoking  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  133. 

Meminum:  to  drink;  Ht.  Abd.,  180,  209. 
Minumkan :  id. ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Mimiman : 
drinks ;  things  drunk ;  liquid  refreshment ;  Ht. 
Gul  Bak.,  68.  Piminnm:  a  man  given  to 
drink;  a  wine-bibber  or  '*  swiller  "  ;  Sej.  Mai., 
125 ;  Ht.  Haiw. 

minah.  A  proper  name  of  constant  occurrence; 
an  abbreviation  of  the  Arabic  Amtnah, 

mewek.      Pouting;    pursing   up   the    mouth 

before  crying  or  when  feehng  very  sulky. 
M.  menangis :  pouting  and  crying;  sulky 
weeping;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

mewah.  Superfluity,  excess,  extreme  abun- 
dance. Lima  ptdoh  tahun  dengan  kemewahan  : 
for  fifty  years  of  overflowing  prosperity ;  Sh. 
Jub.  Mai.,  6. 

minyak.     Oil,    fat,    ointment,    grease ;     any 

greasy  or  oily-looking  liquid.  Minyak  dengan 
ayev,  buleh-kah  berchampor :  will  oil  and  water 
mix;  will  natural  enemies  be  friendly;  Prov. 
Minyak  dan  ayer  masakan  sama :  id.;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg.  Berminyak  biyar  lechok  :  if  you  oil 
yourself,  oil  yourself  till  you  shine ;  don't  do 
things  by  halves;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  H.,  157. 
Bersikat  berminyak :  combed  and  oiled,  of  a 
dandy  ;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  5.  Sudah  arang-arang 
hendak  minyak  pula  :  you  have  done  with  the 
charcoal  and  now  you  try  ointment;  you 
have  done  all  you  can  to  blacken  my 
character,  and  now  you  wish  to  "  pour  oil  on 
the  troubled  waters  "  ;    Prov. 

M.  ayer  mata  duyo7ig :  a  drug  believed  to  be 
obtained  from  the  tears  of  the  dugong.  Also 
m.  tangis  dtiyong* 

M,  babi :  lard. 

M.  bijan  :  sesamum  oil;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  131 ; 
Muj.,  47. 

M.  chenchawan :  the  oily  secretion  in  the 
knee-pan. 

M,  gas  :  kerosene  oil. 

M.  ikan  :  fish  oil ;  train  oil. 

M.jarak:  castor-oil  (of  local  make);  Muj., 
48.    M.  jarak  benggala  :  imported  castor-oil. 

M.kachang:  ground-nut  oil. 

M.  kBlapa :   coco-nut  oil. 


MINYAK 


[    668    ] 


NASIK 


in. 


M.   lenga :    sesamum   oil;  Muj.,    47; 
bijan. 

M,  makan  :  coco-nut  oil  as  used  for  culinary 
purposes. 

M,  nyior :  coco-nut  oil ;  =  m,  kelapa, 

M,  pasang :  lamp-oil ;  =  m,  gas, 

M,  pekat :  ointment. 

M,  sapi  :  suet. 

M.tanah:  *' earth-oir* ;  crude  petroleum. 

M,  tangis  duyong :  an  equivalent  (Sh.  Panj. 
Sg.)  of  m,  ayer  mata  duyong. 


M,  wangi  :  perfume. 

M,  wijan  :  =  in,  bijan, 

M,  zciitun  :  olive-oil. 

Mandt  in,  :  to  grease  oneself  with  oil,  as 
Tamils  do. 

Melornor  ni,  :  to  rub  ointment  on  the  body 
(medicinally). 

Meminyakkan  :  to  oil ;  to  anoint,  Ht.  Koris. 

Cj\yj^    mSnyuwarat,     A  variant  (Ht.  Ind.  Jaya)  of 
*        miishawarat,  q.  v. 


^  The  letter  nun  ;  the  29th  letter  of  the  Malay 
alphabet ;  the  alphabetical  symbol  for  the 
number  50  in  the  abjad,  q,  v. 

\;  n&.  Arab.  A  possessive  pronominal  suffix  of 
the  first  person  plural,  masculine  and  feminine. 

(^u    nabi.     I.  See  nabt, 

II.  Nabi-nabi  :  the  star-fish  of  seven  points  ; 
cf.  tapak  sidaiman,  which  is  (properly)  the 
5  pointed  star-fish. 

sIAj  nata.  [Skr.  ndtha,]  Master,  lord ;  usually  in 
the  forms  sang  nata :  "  our  sacred  lord  the 
king  ";  paduka  n, :  ''  His  Majesty  the  king  our 
lord  ";  Ht.  Sh. ;  indera  n.  :  **  our  royal  lord  the 
king";  etc. 


J* 


;\j 


natar.  Even,  smooth,  smooth-surfaced ; — 
used  especially  in  describing  fabrics  of  cloth, 
e.g.,  chindai  natar  ungu  and  chindai  naiar  hijau, 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  and  chindai  natar  kuning,  Ht. 
Sh.     Also  datar. 


ij^    natang.      [Siam. :    a     window.]     A     French 
Cl         window  ;  a  window  which   opens  down  as  far 

as   the  floor  but  is 

balustrade  ;  Ht.  Pg.   Ptg. 


guarded 


by  a  railing  or 


^\j  nati.  Fool.  Hai  nati,  aku4ah  raja  di-gunong  : 
fool !  it  is  I  who  am  king  of  the  mountains ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

\jc>\i  n&khod§,.  Pers.  A  ship-captain  ;  the  master 
of  an  Asiatic  trading  vessel  other  than  a  local 
perahu  or  Chinese  junk ;  the  master  of  an 
Arab,  Persian  or  Indian  ship ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz.; 
Ht.  Ism.  Yat. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  43,  44,  102.  The 
word  is  also  used  (metaphorically)  of  a  hus- 
band. Kapal  satu,  ndkhodd  duwa  :  a  ship  with 
two  captains ;  a  woman  with  two  paramours  ; 
Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  71.  iV.  kasap  :  a  short 
rhyming  equivalent  for  modal  herta  simuwa 
resap  :  capital,  property,  all  is  lost. 


J 


A; 
A; 


ijr*^ 


d^ 


Merak    mas,    btirong   di-rimba, 
Turun   makan  chendana  muda ; 

Jong  perak,    layar-nya   kesumba, 
Siapa   chakap  jadi  ndkhodd  : 

the  ship  is  of  silver,  its  sails  are  of  purple,  who 
is  there  then  who  dares  to  command  her ; — a 
metaphorical  pantun  suggesting  a  fair  princess 
whose  love  is  perilous  to  one  of  meaner  rank. 

nadar.  A  vow  or  prayer  to  God  ;  a  corruption 
of  (Arab.)  nadzar,  q,  v. 

nadir.     I.     Arab.    Rare  ;  out  of  the  common. 
II.     Perahu  n. :  a.  Malacca  type  of  boat. 

nadirat.  Arab.  A  rarity ;  a  thing  of  great 
price. 

nadi.  [Skr.  7iddi,]  The  arterial  pulse. 
Tinggal  n, :  with  the  pulse  {i,e,,  life)  only  left; 
ruined  ;  Prov.  kubang  n.  :  the  hollow  at  the 
top  of  the  sternum  just  above  the  point  where 
the  collar-bone  and  sternum  meet. 

nara.  I.  [Skr.  nd^^a  :  a  man.]  Hero,  man  ;— 
only  used  in  titles,  e.g.,  nara-diraja,  nara- 
wangsa,  nara-pati,  etc. 

11.    Nara-setu  :  a,   fragrant    herb  {andropogon 
muricatus  ?)  :  usually  narawastu,  q.  v, 

narong.  A  plant-name ;  a  variant  of  men- 
darongy  q.  v. 

naraka.       [Skr.      ndraka,] 
pronounced  nurdka,  q,  v. 


Hell.      Usually 


narawastu.  [Tam.  ?]  A  kind  of  spikenard 
(obtained  from  the  pla,nt  andropogon  muricatus?), 
Bau  tuboh-nya  saperti  ban  narawastu  :  his  body 
smelt  of  frankincense ;  Sej.  Mai.,  68.  Turun- 
lah  hujan  narawastu  terlalu  harum  bau-nya : 
there  fell  a  rain  of  frankincense  of  most 
fragrant  perfume ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

nasak.  Ika^i  nasak  :  a  fish  said  (by  Klinkert) 
to  be  the  English  '*  jumping  Johnny." 

uasik.  Nasik-nasik  :  a  name  given  to  a  num- 
ber of  plants  ;  see  nasi-nasi^  a  variant  of  this 
name. 


NASI 


[    669    ] 


NAKAL 


t5- 


,\; 


nasi.  Cooked  rice  ;  (by  extension)  food  gene- 
rally, a  meal,  dinner.  Makan  n, :  to  have 
a  meal.  Dibuwangkan-nya  nasi-nya :  they 
threw  away  his  food  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  104.  Nasi 
tersaji  di-littut :  one's  dinner  ready  laid  on 
one's  lap ;  gain  without  effort  ;  the  lot  of  a 
man  born  ''  with  a  silver  spoon  in  his  mouth"  ; 
Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  96.  Gidai  sedap,  nasi  men- 
tah ;  nasi  sedap,  gulai  mentah ;  sudah  'ddat 
bagitii :  when  the  curry  is  good,  the  rice  is 
insufficiently  cooked  ;  when  the  rice  is  good, 
the  curry  is  insufficiently  cooked  ;  such  is  the 
way  of  the  world;  Prov.  Di-manakan  turn- 
pahkan  kuwah  kalaii  tidakkan  nasi  :  where  is 
one  to  pour  one's  gravy  if  not  upon  the  rice ; 
why  rebel  against  natural  law^s  or  human  insti- 
tutions; Prov.  Lagi  lank,  lagi  nasi:  the 
more  curry,  the  more  rice;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
II.,  155,  A  pa  buleh  huwat,  nasi  sudah  menjadi 
bubor ;  what  can  be  done  ? — the  rice  is  now 
reduced  to  gruel;  it  is  no  use  crying  over 
spilt  milk ;  Prov. 

N,  adap-adap :  the  dish  of  rice  placed  in 
front  of  the  bride  and  bridegroom  at  a  wed- 
ding ;  it  corresponds  in  some  respects  to  our 
"wedding-cake";  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Cf.  n, 
damai, 

N,  angkatan :  rice  set  before  guests  of  a 
prince. 

iV.  besar :  =  n.  adap-adap;  also  used  at 
otjier  than  wedding  festivals. 

AT.  dagang :  rice  served  up  in  a  leaf  wrapper 
with  a  little  fish. 

A^  damai :  the  rice  placed  before  the  bride 
and  bridegroom  if  the  bride  is  a  widow  ;  cf. 
n,  adap-adap, 

N,  godak  :  rice  cooked  in  a  special  sauce 
known  as  godak.     It  is  used  medicinally. 

AT.  hadapan :  =  n,  adap-adap. 

N,kabtUi:  "Kabul"  rice;  rice  cooked  in 
the  Afghan  way;  pillau-rice;  Ht.  Abd.,  177. 

N.  kukus:  steamed  rice. 

N.  kuning  :  rice  cooked  with  saffron. 

N,  lemak  :  rice  cooked  in  coco-nut  milk. 

N.  minyak :  rice  cooked  in  oil  or  mutton  fat, 
with  spices  and  onion. 

N.pelabor:  rations. 

A^.  tambah  :  rice  served  round  for  people  who 
want  a  second  helping.  Buwat  nasi  tambah : 
(by  metaphor)  to  take  a  second  wife  ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  26. 

N,  tanak:  plain  boiled  rice. 

N.  telor  :  rice  mixed  with  pieces  of  egg. 

iV.  ulam :  rice  cooked  with  minced  prawns 
and  vegetables. 

Ayer  n. :  gruel;  Muj.,  63. 

Bnnga  n. :  a  flower  (unindentified) ;  Ht.  Si 
Misk.,  47.  The  descriptive  name,  however,  is 
given  to  a  number  of  plants,  e.g.: — 

Nasi-nasi:  engenia  zeylanica ;  also  kelat  nasi- 
nasi.  N.  n.  bukit :  adenosacme  longifolia. 
Akar  n.  n, :  psychotria  polycarpa. 

N.  rimba  :  vitex  vestita, 

N.  sejok  :  (Kedah)  salacia,  sp. 


nasir.     Arab.     Helping ;  a  helper. 

n£isirat.     Arab.     Nazareth. 

natik.  Arab.  Eloquence;  skill  in  speech; 
(by  extension)  wisdom.  Natik-nya  saperti  sa- 
buwah  muwara :  his  wisdom  is  broad  as  an 
estuary;  Bint.  Timor,  16  Jan.,  1895. 

natlir.  Arab.  An  inspector;  an  overseer; 
a  supervisor. 

nangak.  A  trunkless  palm  like  the  nip  ah ; 
Kl.,  v.d.  W.,  Pijn. 


\p\j    nanguL     A  variant  of  nangui,  q.  v 


O 


JV; 


IV; 


dTu 


f^ 


nangui.  Dwarf.  Anak  n. :  a  dwarf  (in  a 
puppet-show).  Babi  n. :  a  small  wild-pig 
found  in  large  numbers  at  a  time.  Muntah 
babi  n.  :  an  earthworm  (unidentified). 

nafi^  Arab.  Advantageous,  profitable;  use- 
ful, especially  spiritually  useful ;  Sh.  I.  M.  P., 
9,  10. 

napas.  [Arab,  nafas.]  Breath.  Bernapas  :  to 
breathe.     See  nafas. 

napal.  Marly  earth  ;  marl  eaten  by  Malays, 
especially  by  women  in  labour.     Tanah  n. :  id. 

napoh.  The  small  deer,  tragtdns  napu ;  the 
larger  of  the  two  local  varieties  of  dwarf-deer 
or  chevrotins ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  VIII.,  108 ;  Ht. 
Koris  ;  Bint.  Timor,  2  Jan.,  1895. 

napi.  Inability  to  notice  ;  loss  of  the  power 
01  observation ;  absentmindedness ;  un- 
consciousness of  one's  surroundings  ;  forget- 
fulness.  Jika  di-kerling-nya  sa-kali  uleh  gemala 
mahaligai  itu  neschaya  napi-lah  dtmya  ini 
kapada  yang  di-kerling-nya  :  if  a  man  comes 
within  sight  of  the  talisman  on  that  palace,  the 
world  will  fade  from  the  sight  and  memory 
of  the  man  upon  whom  the  eye  of  the  talisman 
falls  ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  122,  Ternapi-lah  sakali- 
yan  malu  dan  sopan  :  all  modesty  and  all  sense 
of  shame  were  forgotten  ;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


naka.  Alternation  in  singing ;  part-singing. 
Berpantun  bernaka-naka  :  to  take  it  in  turns  to 
sing  pantuns,  one  singer  replying  to  the  other. 

nakal.  Perverseness  ;  obstinacy  in  doing  the 
wrong  thing ;  mischievous  propensities ;  rowdi- 
ness.  Orang  melihat  inggeris  pun  saphii  meli- 
hat  harimau  sebab  nakal-nya  dan  garang-nya  : 
men  looked  at  an  Englishman  as  they  would 
look  at  a  tiger  because  of  his  perverseness  and 
fierce  ways;  Ht.  Abd.,  81.  Bj^makal  and 
menakal :  to  commit  mischief;  to  injure  others 
through  sheer  perverseness;  Ht,  Sri  Rama, 


84 


NAKAM 


[    670    ] 


NANAS 


f' 


^ 


Ht  Abd.,  339,  487 ;  Sh.  Kumb,  Chumb.,  18. 
Tiyada  iahn  menakal  saperti  monyet  kera  yang 
lain :  he  was  not  mischievous  Hke  other 
monkeys ;  Ht.  Abd.,  90.  Pernakalkan :  to 
outrage,  to  behave  grossly  or  coarsely  to  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  83. 


\)    nakam.     A  ruby.    Also  bakam  and  haUi  dilima. 


naga.  [Skr.  ndga,]  A  dragon  ;  a  snake  of 
supernatural  size.  Ular  n.:  id.  Chaching 
menelan  naga  :  the  w^orm  has  swallowed  the 
dragon;  a  conquest  of  the  great  by  the  mean  ; 
Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  408.  Sa-ekor  naga  di-latitan 
china  di-gonggong  knmbang  di-bawa-nya  lari  : 
a  dragon  in  the  China  Sea  has  been  borne  off 
in  the  jaws  of  a  humble  bee ; — a  similar  meta- 
phor ;  Ht.  Abd.,  409.  Chida  n. :  the  horn  of  a 
dragon  (believed  by  Malays  to  be  endowed 
with  talismanic  properties);  v.  chula,  Gemala  n : 
a  talismanic  stone  possessing  luminous  pro- 
perties and  used  by  dragons  to  light  their 
way  at  night ;  cf.  Sej.  Mai.,  28 ;  Ht.  Gul. 
Bak.,  138. 

iV.  bahm  :  a  fabulous  dragon  believed  to 
destroy  its  enemies  by  lashing  at  them  with 
its  tail.  The  name  is  also  given  to  griping 
pains  in  the  stomach. 

N.  berapi :    a  fire-breathing  dragon. 

iV.  bBrjuwang:  the  *' fighting  dragons";  the 
name  given  to  a  pattern  of  ornament  which  is 
in  two  parts,  the  lines  in  each  part  running  to 
meet  the  lines  in  the  other  and  so  suggesting 
dragons  darting  at  each  other. 

iV.  berseru  :  the  **  calling  dragons";  a  similar 
double  ornament  (e.g,,  a  clasp)  the  lines  of 
which  curve  outwards  and  so  suggesting 
dragons  turning  aside  to  roar  or  call  assistance 
before  commencing  the  attack.    Hikdyat  Naga 

Berseru  :  the  name  of  a  well  known  "  Panji  " 
tale. 

N.  bora  :  a  small  dragon  believed  to  slay  its 
enemies  by  spitting  out  its  venom  upon  them. 
Ular  naga  bora :  (Kedah)  a  name  given  to  certain 
venomous  snakes  {lachesis  piirpureomaculatus 
or,  perhaps,  naja  sputatrix)  believed  similarly 
to  slay  their  foes  ;^  (Riau,  Johor)  ular  mura, 

N.  gangga  :  a  fabulous  dragon  (character 
unknown)  ;  Ht.  Koris. 

N.  ghiiqla:{i)  a  huge  dragon  believed  to 
remain  motionless  throughout  the  year  and 
to  get  possession  of  its  prey  by  the  suction  of 
its  breath  ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.,  66 ;  (2)  a  double 
ornament  the  lines  in  each  part  of  which  run 
parallel  to  those  in  the  other  and  do  not 
converge  ;  cf.  n,  birjuwang  and  n.  berseru. 


I  Many  venomous  snakes  spit  out  their  venom  when 
angry,  and  if  the  venom  touches  a  bleeding  spot  the  results 
may  be  serious.  But  the  Malays  believe  this  spitting  to  be 
the  sole  weapon  of  offence  of  the  ular  naga  bora  and  to 
invariably  produce  terrible  ulcers  where  it  falls : 

Khia  sembor  ular  naga  bora, 
Lihas  mh^oyah  mhijadi  chabok. 


^j 


,\Ju 


N.  jadi-jadiyan :  a  dragon  of  supernatural 
creation,  e.g.,  the  incarnation  of  some  divi- 
nity and  not  a  common  animal  of  the  forest ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

N.-naga  :  (sometimes)  the  figure-head  of  a 
Malay  boat ;  (also)  the  keelson. 

N.  sempiyan  (Ht.  Ind.  Meng.)  and  n.  sohna 
(Sh.  Bid.,  86)  :  dragons  mentioned  in  litera- 
ture but  of  unknown  character. 

iV.  nmbang  :  a  monstrous  dragon  of  the  sea  ; 
the  great  sea-serpent ;  the  dragon  or  serpent 
which  the  Malay  dragon  boats  are  supposed 
to  represent ;  (by  extension)  the  figure-head 
of  a  Malay  dragon -boat  {kakap  naga), 

Kakap  n,  :  a  "  dragon-boat";  a  long  narrow 
row-boat  with  a  large  number  of  rowers  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  220. 

Mengarak  n. :  to  carry  a  dragon  of  tissue  paper 
in  a  procession  (lights  being  placed  inside  it 
at  night)  as  is  done  by  Chinese  on  great 
festivals ;  Sh.  Jub.  Mai.,  7. 

nagasari.     A   tree  yielding  a  pretty   flower, 
messna  ferrea;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  J.  I.  A.,  H.,  182. 


aJU    naleh.     A  measure  of  capacity  ; 
or  ^  kuncha. 


16  gantang, 


nali.     I.     One's  cast  ;  one's  throw ;    a  turn  to 
play  ;  an  **  innings  "  in  certain  Mala}^  games. 

XL     A  variant  of  naleh,  q.  v. 

A>    nama.      [Skr.     ndma.]     Name ;    appellation ; 
•  reputation.     Beruleh  n, :    to  win  a  reputation. 

Nama-nya     Mnhammad :       his      name      was 

Muhammad. 

Naina'i :  to  name  ;  to  give  a  name  to  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  82,  163.  Namakan:  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  199. 
Menaniai :  id. ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  8,  67. 

Bernatna :  by  name ;  named.  Bernama 
Muhammad :  named  Muhammad. 

Kenamaan  :  reputation  ;  the  possession  of  a 
great  name.  Mahii  k, :  to  desire  renown ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Mashhur  k. :  widely  renowned  ; 
Ht.  Isk.  Dz.  Raja  besar  lagi  k. :  a  powerful 
and  renowned  monarch ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  53. 
Gagah  lagi  k. :  brave  and  famous ;  Sej. 
Mai.,  59. 

Ternama  :  renowned,  famous ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

j\j  nanar.  Giddy  ;  silly  as  the  result  of  a  blow 
or  of  illness;  delirious.  Berjalan  chara  n. : 
to  walk  as  one  dazed ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Saperti 
kelakuwan  orang  yang  nanar :  like  the  beha- 
viour of  a  man  who  is  out  of  his  mind ; 
Sh.  Peng.,  6. 

ijw  u    nanas.     The  pineapple,  ananassa  saliva ;   Ht. 
Abd.,  215  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

N,  hijau :   ananassa  viridis, 

N.  kundai :   ananassa  polycephala, 

N.  sural :  ananassa  scripta, 

N,  timbaga :  ananassa  rubens, 

N,  tumpang  :   ananassa  pyramidalis. 


NANING 


[    671    ] 


NAHAS 


iiV*  naning.  A  large  wasp ;  cf.  aning,  Ayam 
^  hiring  scmgka  naning:  a  fighting-cock  with  a 
yellow  beak  and  legs  and  other  markings 
which  are  believed  to  be  lucky  and  to  render 
it  invincible.  Naning  is  also  the  name  of  a 
district  (formerly  a  state)  in  Malacca  territory. 
The  'ddaf  Naning  or  customary  law  of  this 
district  contains  many  peculiar  features,  in- 
cluding inheritance  through  females  instead  of 
by  male  descent. 

4j\j  nanah.  Matter,  pus.  Berisi  n. :  full  of  pus  ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Meng.  Lain  yang  bengkak,  lain  yang 
menanah :  the  swelling  is  on  one  person  and 
the  matter  in  another  ;  things  did  not  turn  out 
as  was  expected ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Koris ;  Ht.  Si 
Misk.,  141.  Bisiil  mengangkut  n. :  a  boil  when 
coming  to  a  head,  i.e,,  gathering  pus. 

^Ju  nanai,  A  name  sometimes  given  to  monkeys 
(e.g.,  kera  dan  nanai,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.)  especially 
in  magical  formulae. 


b 


jU  naung.  Shade ;  shelter  from  the  sun ;  (by 
extension)  shelter  generally.  Keringkan  pada 
naung :  to  dry  in  the  shade ;  Muj.,  58.  D^- 
hawah  naung  kayu :  beneath  the  shade  of  a 
tree;    Ht.  Best, 

Naungi  :  to  give  shelter  to  ;  to  give  shade  to ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  26.  Menaungi :  id. ;  Sej.  Mai., 
152  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Bemaimg :  to  take  shelter  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  467  ; 
Sh.  Sg.  Ranch,,  23  ;    Sh.  I.  M.  P.,  13. 


^j*jbU   nahas.    See  ^j*^ . 

IAU    nahak.     Temahak :   excited,  of  appetite,  lust, 
or  desire. 

ybb    nahu.     See  naM. 

fc\j    nahi.     See  nahi. 

,^^^,e.\;    naib.     Arab.     Deputy,    Ndib  raja  :  the  ruler's 
deputy ;    a  viceroy. 

^£53*\.>  naik.  Motion  up  or  upwards;  to  ascend. 
N.  raja  or  n,  kevajaan  :  to  ascend  the  throne  ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  12,  13.  N.  ka-N aning :  to  travel  up- 
country  to  Naning  (from  Malacca) ;  Ht.  Abd., 
395.  N,  kuda  or  n,  ka-atas  kuda  :  to  mount  a 
horse;  Ht.  Abd.,  78;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;  Cr. 
Gr.,  78.  N,  atas  kudahijau :  *'  to  ride  the  green 
horse '' ;  to  be  drunk;  Ht.  Abd.,  82.  iV.  kereta : 
to  get  into  a  carriage ;  Ht.  Abd.,  78,  94. 
N.  ka-darat :  to  go  ashore  (from  a  ship)  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  100.  A'^.  perak :  to  stretch  oneself. 
N.  haji:  to  go  on  the  pilgrimage  to  Mecca. 
Upah-nya  pun  makin-lah  naik :  his  salary  (or 
their  wages)  went  on  increasing ;  Ht.  Abd., 
62.  Tingah  n,  :  half  grown,  of  a  person ; 
still  immature  ;   Ht.  Abd.,  268. 


Naikkan  :  to  raise  ;  to  lift  a  thing  up ;  to 
cause  to  ascend ;  Ht.  Abd.,  y^,  193,  201. 
Menaikkan  :  id. ;    Ht.  Abd.,  109  ;    Ht,  Koris. 

Kenaikan  :  a  mount ;  a  steed  or  chariot ;  a 
ship  ;    Sej.  Mai.,  46,  149. 

XU    nayam.     The  blade  of  a  plough-share. 

4j[U  nay  ah.  (Kedah.)  Bernayah-nayah  :  in  heaps  ; 
in  quantities. 

^  nabl,  Arab.  A  Prophet ;  a  chosen  preacher 
of  God.  Nabi  Allah:  id.  N.Muhammad: 
Muhammad.  iY.  'tsa :  Christ.  iV,  miha: 
Moses.  AT.  Idris:  Enoch.  AT.  Sulaimdn : 
Solomon.     N.Daud:  David. 

Nabi-nabi  (a  seven-pointed  star-fish)  may  be 
connected  with  the  above. 

^    nabiyah.     Arab,     A  prophetess. 

Ajj    nStiyasa.     [Skr.     nityasha,]     Always ;   at  all 
*-^  "         times.     Usually  in  the   form  sa-nentiyasa    or 
senentiyasa, 

4^\^   najasat.     Arab.     Impurity ;  uncleanliness. 


u^ 


ngjis  or  najis.  [Arab,  najis,]  Filth;  foul- 
ness ;  ordure  ;  things  which  defile.  A^.  besar : 
dung,  foeces.  N.kechil:  urine.  Tahiyangn,: 
dung  that  pollutes  ;  filthy  fcecal  matter  ;  Ht, 
Kal.  Dam.,  77.  Terkena  n. :  to  incur  pollution 
of  this  sort ;  Muj.,  39.  Kelakuwan  yang  n, : 
filthy  habits ;  Ht.  Abd.,  410. 

najm.     Arab.     A  star  ;   cf.  nujtlm, 

nujtim.  [Arab.:  plural  of  wtym,  a  star.]  The 
stars,  especially  considered  astrologically  as 
the  ruling  influences  on  a  man's  life ;  (by 
extension)  astrological  tables.  A  hlu'  n-nujUm : 
men  versed  in  astrology ;  astrologers ;  Ht. 
Jay.  Lengg.,  Ht.  Gul  Bak.  'Ilmu  n. :  the 
science  of  the  stars ;  astrology.  Membuka- 
kan  n. :  to  open  astrological  tables  ;  to  work 
out  a  horoscope;  Ht.  P.  J.  P.  Di-dalam 
nujiim  pemandang  kami :  according  to  what  I 
see  in  your  horoscope ;  Ht.  Koris. 


y^  nahas.  [Arab,  nahs,]  Ill-luck;  misfortune; 
ill-starred  character.  Bulan  n. :  a  name 
given  to  the  Muhammadan  month  safar.  Sa^at 
yang  n, :  an  unlucky  hour ;  Muj.,  35.  Nahas- 
nya  itu-pun  terluput4ah :  the  ill-luck  that 
pursued  him  passed  away;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  133, 

Hari  juma'at  hari  yang  nahas, 
Sakaliyan   binatang  menurun   bisa; 

Tempat  pHunggu  jangan  buwat  bebas, 
Jin  shaitdn  suka  termasa: 

Friday  is  an  unlucky  day  (for  working),  it  is 
the  day  on  which  venom  descends  to  beasts ; 
do  not  be  too  free  with  the  haunts  of  evil 
spirits  or  the  genii  and  demons  will  rejoice 
finely  (over  your  folly). 


NAHtr 


[  672  ] 


NADLAR 


y 


J 


^^ 


^\, 


nahti.     Arab.     The  science  of  grammar ;  the 

rules  governing  the  formation  of  words  from 
the  Arabic  triliteral  root.  Kitdb  n,  :  a  gram- 
mar ;  Ht.  Abd.,  142.  Bahwa  behasa  Milayu 
itii  ada  nahu-nya  :  the  Malay  language  has  a 
grammar  of  its  own  ;    Ht,  Abd.,  50. 


JJ    nadzar.     Arab.     A   vow;     a   wish;     a   good 


cr^U- 


resolution, 

naracha  or  (Kedah)  nuracha.  A  balance ; 
a  sensitive  pair  of  scales.  N.  timbangan  :  id. 
Dattn  n, :  the  scale  of  a  balance.  Jika  ber- 
wimpi  naracha  patah  :  if  you  dream  the  rod  of 
your  balance  is  broken  ;  Sh.  Tab.  Mimp. 

naraka  or  (Kedah)  nuraka.  [Skr.  ndraka.] 
Hell.  N,  loka:  the  Sanskrit  Hell.  iV. 
jahannam :  the  Muhammadan  hell ;  Ht.  Jay. 
Lengg.  Apin.:  the  flames  of  hell ;  Ht.  Abd., 
117. 

nurbisa.  An  antidote  to  poison;  a  charm 
which  if  applied  to  a  wound  caused  by  a 
venomous  animal  is  believed  to  suck  out  the 
poison  and  promote  a  quick  recovery.  Cf. 
btsa. 


jj^3^'    nardin.     Arab.     Nard;  spikenard. 
^^'    nargis.     Pers.     The 


narcissus. 


\VaJ    nirmala.      [Skr    nirmdla,]      Pure,    free    from 
uncleanness.     Cf.  mala. 


jy 


,^  normala  or  nurmala.  Faded,  of  a  flower ; 
scentless,  cf.  mala,  Bunga  seri  gading  stidah 
normala :  the  seri  gading  flower  has  faded 
away  ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  106. 

Chakerawala  ghnilang  pereseh 
Menyuloh   unggas   chanderawangseh ; 
Normala4ah   tarok   htmga  selaseh 
Sa-laku-laku  pmytidah    kaseh : 

loss  of  fragrance  by  a  sprig  of  the  sweet  basil 
is  like  the  termination  of  my  love; i.e.,  sooner 
will  the  sweet-basil  lose  its  fragrance  than  I 
cease  to  love  thee;  a  proverbial  (Kedah) 
protestation. 


T^ir 


u^ 


narawastu.  Tam.  A  fragrant  drug ;  a  sort 
of  spikenard.  Also  narawastu^  narwastu  and 
nara-setu, 

nus.     (Kedah.)    The  sepia ;  an  edible  cuttlefish. 


\^    niSEl.     Arab.     Women.     ' Ilmu  n, :  ars  amoris ; 
Muj.,  88. 


n6sta  or  nista.  [Skr.  kanistha;  Jav.  nista,] 
Insult,  abuse;  Sh.  Dag.,  2;  Sej.  Mai.,  32;  Ht. 
Gul  Bak.,  82.  Menesia :  to  use  abusive 
language ;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  6. 


— ^U*J  nSstapa.  [Jav.  nastapa;  Skr.  manastapaS\ 
Sorrow,  misfortune,  suffering.  Menanggong 
n. :  to  be  sorrowful;  to  have  misfortunes  to 
bear ;  Sh.  Dag.,  2.  Menanggong  dnka  n,  :  id. ; 
Ht.  Sh.,  Ht.  Sg,  Samb. 

^^W    ngschaya    or   nischaya.     Certain,     sure, 
**    *         inevitable ;  must  be ;  must  come  about. 


AiSi^ 


J 


0^ 


u^ 


jya.; 


A^y^ 


j*Cii 


naskhah.  Arab.  The  original  of  anything  ; 
the  first  text  or  model. 

Naskhah   ini   hamba   membeli 
Di'Chapkan   siidah   diiwa   kali : 

I  have  bought  the  original  work  and  have  had 
two  editions  of  it  printed;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  156. 
Cf.  also  Sh.  Jub.  Mai.,  i. 

nasar.  Arab.  Bunmg  nasar :  the  vulture ; 
Marsd.  Or.,  208. 

nushadir.     Pers.     Sal-ammoniac. 

nishan,  [Pers.:  a  symbol,  a  token,  a  mark.] 
A  gravestone  or  pillar  (often  of  wood)  marking 
a  tomb.  N,  batti :  a  tombstone,  Sej.  Mai.,  63. 
iV.  bnlat :  a  round  pillar  placed  over  a  man's 
grave.  iV.  pipeh  :  a  flat  post  placed  over  the 
grave  of  a  w^oman. 
Usually  pronounced  7iesan, 

nashid.  Arab.  Song  ;  hymn  ;  raising  of  the 
voice.  BernasMd :  to  sing,  to  intone,  to  recite 
verses;  Ht.  Gh. 

nass.  Arab.  Sentence,  text ;  word  or  quota- 
tion from  the  Koran. 

nasab.  Arab.  Race,  descent,  origin;  Sej. 
MaL,  29 ;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  7. 

nasrani.  Arab.  Nazarene;  Christian  (es- 
pecially a  Catholic  Christian) ;  a  Malacca 
Portuguese,  Ht.  Abd.,  59.  Kafir  n, :  Nazarene 
infidels;  accursed  Christians  (used  of  the 
Dutch);  Sh.  Pr.  Ach.,  8. 

nasib.  Arab.  Lot  in  life;  fortune;  destiny. 
Apa  buleh  buwat,  stidah  tintong  nasib,  demikiyan- 
lah  sudah  takdir  Allah  melakiikan  atas  hamba- 
nya  :  what  can  we  do ;  it  is  our  destiny ;  such 
is  God's  ordinance  working  on  us  His  slaves; 
Marsd.  Gr.,  144.  N,  malang  or  w.  bedebah : 
accursed  bad  luck;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  8,  15. 
Membawa  n. :  to  risk  one's  fortunes ;  to  stake 
all  one  has  on  an  undertaking  or  enterprise ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  215;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  7,  13. 

nasihat.     Arab.     Advice ;  the  moral  of  a  story. 

Dan-lagi  banyak  nasihat  keluwar  daripada-nya  : 
besides,  many  a  moral  can  be  drawn  from  it ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  164. 
Menasihat:  to  advise;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  82. 

nadlar.  Arab.  Lustre,  beauty.  Usually 
pronounced  nathar.  ^ 

I     "  Th  "  as  in  "  this.  " 


NATLAM 


[    673    ] 


NAK 


jai    natlam.     Arab.     Order,  composition,  arrange- 
r  ment;    Sh.   Rej.,   i;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg.,   i ;  = 


karangan. 


>\*    na'am.     Arab.     The  ostrich. 


jti    na'am.     Arab.     Yes,  certainly,   so  it  is;  Ht. 
l  Suit.  Ibr. 


4^ 


r 


->> 


u^ 


ne'emat.  [Arab,  ni'amat.]  Anything  pleasant 
or  agreeable  to  the  taste  ;  a  delicacy  ;  rapture, 
delight.  Dmiya  ini  serta  dengan  ne^emat-nya  ittt 
tiyada  kekal :  the  world  and  its  joys  are  not 
eternal;  Ht.  Abd.,  231.  Ne^emat  yang 
di-peruleh  ibu  bapa  kapada  hart  kiydmat :  the 
raptures  which  my  parents  will  experience 
upon  the  day  of  Judgment;  Ht.  Abd.,  438. 
Ne^emat  yang  demikiyan  sedap  rasa-nya:  a 
delicacy  of  so  delightful  a  flavour ;  Ht.  Gul 
Bak.,  33. 

na'im.  Arab.  Sweet,  pleasant,  entrancing. 
Shurgayang  n.:  Heaven  of  rapturous  delight; 
Muj.,  2. 

nang.  Who ;  the  relative  pronoun  ;  =yangy 
q.  V.     Also  nan. 

ning.     Onom.     The  tinkling  of  a  bell. 

nong.  1.  (Riau.)  A  title  given  to  princes  of 
the  lowest  grade,  i.e.,  to  princes  several  genera- 
tions removed  from  royalty,  and  whose  purity  of 
blood  has  been  reduced  by  the  fact  that  their 
ancestors  have  intermarried  with  women  of 
humble  rank  ;  cf.  tengku,  engku  and  raja.  Also 
enoug.  The  title  is  not  used  in  Kedah,  and 
even  at  Riau  it  is  often  used  loosely  of  a  man 
who  has  some  royal  blood  in  him  {e.g., 
through  his  mother)  but  is  not  of  direct  royal 
descent. 

II.     Onom.     A  sound  such  as  that  of  a  large 
bell ;  the  booming  of  a  bell. 

ningrat.  Jav.  In  the  land;  of  the  land. 
Jaya-ningrat :  victorious  in  the  land.  Sangkan- 
ingrai :  lord  of  the  land,  king  ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat., 
53- 

nengsan    or    ningsan.    L  A  tombstone  or 

grave-mark ;  =  nishdn. 
II.     The  honey  in  a  comb ;  =  nesan. 


my    younger 
An  abbreviation  of 


dSli 


ningsun.  [Jav. 
sister;  love;  =  adinda,] 
ariningsim ;  younger  sister,  love,  darling, — in 
tales  of  Javanese  origin.  Diyam-lah  ningsun 
abang :  remain,  my  love ;  Ht.  Koris.   Cf.  ingsun. 

nangka.  The  jack-fruit;  artocarpns  integri- 
folia,  Daripada  chempedak  baik  nangka,  dari- 
pada  tidak  baik  ada  :  a  jack  is  better  than  a 
chempedak  {artocarpus  polyphema),  and  some- 
thing is  better  than  nothing  at  all ;  half  a  loaf 
is  better  than  no  bread;  Prov. ;  Ht.  Abd., 
310.     Tanam    chempedak    ttimboh    nangka :   to 


lT 


U^ 


plant  a  chempedak  and  find  a  jack-fruit  tree 
grow  up;  a  bad  son  of  good  parents;  Prov, 
Orang  lain  makan  nangka  aku  kena  getah : 
another  eats  the  jack-fruit ;  I  only  get  its 
sticky  juice  ; — others  get  the  halfpence,  I  get 
the  kicks ;  Prov. 

N,  pipit:   a   tree   like    the    jack-fruit    tree; 
artocarptcs  lancecefolia. 

N.    wolanda :   the    soursop,  anona   muricata. 
Also  duriyan  belanda, 
Kain  pokok  n, :  a  cloth  fabric. 

Kebal  kiilit  n. :  invulnerability  due  to  hard- 
ness of  the  skin  ;  v.  kebal, 

\ij    nifas.     Arab.     Costly ;  of  great  value. 


jvJD 


nafas.  Arab.  Breath ;  respiration.  Menarek 
nafas  panjang :  to  draw  a  long  breath ;  Ht, 
Abd,,  276.  Nafasi  :  to  breathe  on  ;  to  breathe 
upon;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  126.  Bernafas :  to 
breathe;  Ht.  Abd.,  216,  217;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Usually  pronounced  napas. 

nafsu.  Arab.  Lust ;  passion ;  the  prompt- 
ings of  the  flesh.  Hawd  n, :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  262, 
41 1 ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  146.  Menahan  n.:  to 
bridle  one's  desires;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  185.  N. 
emarah  :the  passion  of  wrath;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat., 
167. 

nafsi.     Arab.     Libidinous,  carnal. 


4.J.-SA.5J    nafsiyah.    Arab.    Human  personality ;  bodily 
frame;  Sh.  I.  M.  P.,  12,  13. 


iSJ^ 


nafi.  Arab.  Expulsion,  banishment,  driving 
out.     Nafikan  :  to  expel ;    Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 

nafakah.  [Arab,  nafakat.]  The  necessaries 
of  life;  the  means  of  iivehhood;  a  living. 
Menchari  n.:  to  seek  a  livelihood;  Ht.  Abd., 
51.  Mendapat  n,  :io  obtain  the  necessaries  of 
life;  to  earn  a  living;  Sh.  Lamp.,  23. 

nafiri.  [Pers.  nafiv  or  nifir,]  A  trumpet  used 
as  one  of  the  appurtenances  of  royalty.  It  is 
still  so  used  and  is  solemnly  blown  when  the 
people  cry  *'  daulat  tuwanku  "  at  a  coronation. 
Di'tiyup  orang-lah  nafiri  Uildmat  raja  Iskandar 
berangkat :  they  blew  the  royal  trumpet  to 
announce  the  departure  of  King  Alexander; 
Sej.  Mai.,  II.  Di-jemptit  dengan  sa-lengkap- 
nya  alat  kerajaan  gendang  serimai  nafiri  negara 
payong  ptiteh  duwa  berapit :  he  was  received 
with  all  the  appurtenances  of  royalty,  with 
drums  and  fifes  and  trumpets,  with  kettle- 
drums and  the  double  umbrella;  Sej.  Mai.,  93. 
fin  n, ;  or  sangyang  n, :  an  evil  spirit. 


3^ 


napiri.     A  variant  of  nafiri,  q.  v. 

nak.     (Kedah.)  Will,  shall;  to  intend; 

to  be 

about  to;  =  hendak,  q.  v. 

NEK 


[    674    ] 


NANTI 


nek.     Grandmother,    grandfather ; 
q.  V. 


nenekf 


nuktah.  Arab.  A  diacritical  mark ;  a  vowel- 
point  ;  a  dot.  Saperti  suwatu  nuktah  juga  dalam 
bulai  dtmya  ini :  like  a  dot  upon  the  earth's 
circumference;  Ht.  Abd.,  273.  Bersalahan 
nuktah-nya  sehaja  karma  dalam  surat  melayu 
tiyada  demikiyan  banyak  nuktah-nya :  only 
wrong  in  the  diacritical  marks,  for  in  writing 
Malay  diacritical  points  are  infrequently  used ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  137. 

cfXl    nek.     A  variant  of  nek  and  nenek, 

^Usi  nikah.  Arab.  Wedding ;  marriage  ceremony. 
Masam  bagai  nikdh  ta'-suka :  sulky  as  the 
parties  to  a  forced  marriage ;  Prov.,  J.  S,  A.  S., 
II.,  159,  Khutbahn.:  the  marriage  formula; 
Sej.  MaL,  8.  WakU  n, :  the  parent  or  guardian 
of  the  bride ;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf.,  57.  Nikdhkan  : 
to  give  in  marriage;  to  cause  to  be  married ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  416.  Menikdhkan:  id.;  Ht.  Abd., 
408 ;  Ht.  Best. ;  Muj.,  33.  Bernikdh :  to  marry ; 
to  be  wedded  to.  Bernikdh  maharaja  burnt :  to 
marry  the  prince  of  the  earth ;  to  die  and  be 
buried ;  Prov. 

jOsi    nSkara.     A  kettledrum.     Usually  negara,  q.  v. 

:>^ 


J^ 


nakoda.       [Pers.      ndkhodd,]     A  native  ship- 
master.    See  ndkhodd. 


nakir.  Arab.  The  name  of  one  of  the  two 
Angels  who  interrogate  the  souls  of  the  dead ; 
Sh.  May.,  14. 

nggara.  I.  [Skr.  and  Jav.]  City,  state;  a 
poetical  form  oinegeri;  Sh.  Pr.  Turk.,  3  ;  Bint. 
Timor,  14  March,  1895;  Sh.  Rej.,  4. 

11.      [Arab,   nakarah,]     A   kettle-drum;  Sej. 
MaL,  93,  95.     It  was  one  of  the  royal  insignia. 

nugSraha.  [Skr.  anugrdhd,]  Favour,  kindness; 
gift  by  a  superior  to  an  inferior ;  v.  anugeraha. 

n§g6ri.  [Skr.  ndgari,]  A  city ;  a  state ;  town 
as  opposed  to  country.  Sa-buwah  n, :  a  town; 
Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  53.  Kata-nya  Singapura  tiyada 
buleh  jadi  nBgeri :  they  said  Singapore  could 
never  become  a  town;  Ht.  Abd.,  217, 
Mhnbtika  n.  or  m^mbuwat  n. :  to  found  a  city. 
hi  n.:  citizens;  the  inhabitants  of  a  city. 
Berkeliling  n, :  round  the  town.  Hujan  mas 
perak,  di-negeri  orang ;  hujan  keris  lembing,  di- 
negeri  sendiri :  it  may  rain  gold  and  silver  but 
it  is  the  land  of  others ;  it  may  rain  swords 
and  spears  but  it  is  our  home ;  better  poverty 
at  home  than  wealth  abroad;  Prov.,  cf.  J.  S. 
A.  S.,  III.,  19.     See  also  negara. 


^  \^^  nagasari.    A  flower;  v.  f^j\J\^ 


\;    nal.     [Dutch :  knaL]     The  wad    of    a    gun ; 
^      (sometimes)  the  muzzle  tampion. 


nfilayan,  nalayan  or  nilayan.  [Tam.; 
from  Skr.  narayana,]  A  fisherman.  Hamba  ini 
sa -orang  nelayan  berjuwal  ikan :  I  am  a  poor 
fisherman  and  sell  fish ;  Sej.  MaL,  103. 

nambar  or  nSmbar.  (Straits  Settlements.) 
Eng.  Number,  in  expressions  such  as  *' number 
5,"  *' number  20."  iV.  satu:  "number  one," 
A.  I.;  excellent. 

nimbang.  Ikan  nimbang :  a  fish  (unidentified); 
Kam.  Kech.,  5. 

nambi.     An  ulcerating  disease  of  the  feet. 

namchup.     (Kedah.)     A  dish  of  vegetables.^ 

namrM.     Arab.    Nimrod ;  Nineveh. 

nampang.     Now,  at  once,  at  this  very  moment. 

nampak.     To  see ;  to  be  visible.  Cf.  tampak. 

Nampak  is  more  common  than  tampak  in  the 
colloquial  of  Penang  but  tampak  is  literary. 

naimpal.  Marl ;  marly  earth.  Usually  napal, 
q.  V. 

namnam.     A  fruit  tree,  cynometra  cauliflora. 

nan.  Who,  which,  that ;  a  relative  pronoun ; 
a  poetic  equivalent  of  yang.  It  is  often  used 
to  fill  up  a  foot  of  a  line  of  poetry  and  has 
very  little  meaning  in  such  cases.  ^ 

nin.  This ;  =  i^tin,  a  poetical  variant  of  ini. 
Aku  nin:  I  here. 

nun.     See  nun. 

ndnalu.  A  misletoe;  a  parasitic  vegetable 
growth;  a  variant  of  kemendalu,  bendalu, 
dedalu,  etc. 

nanti.  Awaiting;  to  await.  In  *' Bazaar" 
Malay  the  word  is  often  used  as  an  auxiliary 
for  forming  the  future,  e.g.,  sehaya  nanti  pergi : 
I  shall  go. 

Nantikan :  to  await,  to  wait  for.  Menantikan  : 
id.  N anti-nantikan  and  menanti-nantikan :  to 
keep  waiting  for.  Menantikan  fajar :  to  wait 
for  dawn.  Sehaya  menantikan  tuwan  daripagi : 
I  have  been  waiting  for  you,  Sir,  since  the 
morning;  Ht.  Abd.,  45. 


I     Cf.  the  pantun  : 

Buwah   hUuhi^   asam  pay  a, 

Mart,   orange  buwat  namchup; 
T^rsilu  gUi  di-hati  sehaya 
Bunga  kembang  bSrbalek  kHchup. 


2     E.g. 


Tuwan  nan  lautan  siidah-lah  tSntu 
Dapat  mHghapus  dihaga  nan  itu. 

Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  76. 


NENTIYASA 


[    675    ] 


NONAH 


Menanti :  to  lie  in  wait.  Havimau  sudah  m. : 
a  tiger  was  lying  in  wait ;  Ht.  Abd.,  78. 

Ternanti-nanti :  waiting  and  waiting  on. 
Ternanti-nanti  bagai  herlakikan  raja  :  waiting 
and  waiting  as  at  a  prince's  wedding, — Malay 
princes  making  a  point  of  being  unpunctual ; 
Prov. 

^^w^  nentiyasa.     Sa-nentiyasa    or    senentiyasa :    al- 
ways; V.  netiyasa, 

k^  nanchong.     Nanchong  besi  :  a  climbing  screw- 
^"^       pine,  freycinetia  angtistifolia. 

AxJ  nanda.     Son ;   daughter ;    child ;   a  variant  of 
anakanda,  q.  v. 

JCo  nenda.      Grandfather;      grandmother;      Sej. 
Mai,  12  ; — a  variant  of  nenenda,  from  neitek. 


iy 


nandong.  I.  (Kedah.)  A  fish  resembling 
the  selangat     It  is  salted  and  preserved. 

11.     Tiipai  n.:  a  very  large  squirrel. 
n§nas.     The  pineapple.     Better  nanas,  q.  v. 
nau.     A  palm,  arenga  saccharifera.     Also  enati. 

nu.  (Kedah.)  Yonder,  there.  Nu  diya:  there 
he  is. 

nawab.  Arab.  A  viceroy ;  a  title  held  by  the 
hereditary  ''viceroys"  of  the  Great  Mogul  in 
India,  these  ''viceroys"  often  being  de  facto 
sovereigns  themselves.  Cf.  Ht.  Abd.,  108, — 
the  nawdb  in  this  case,  however,  being  the  Great 
Mogul  himself. 

nobat.  Pers.  A  large  hemispherical  kettle- 
drum. This  drum,  which  is  a  royal  appurten- 
ance, is  beaten  on  state  occasions  such  as  the 
coronation,  marriage  or  death  of  the  sovereign, 
and  is  borne  before  him  in  processions.  Nobat 
di-palu :  the  state  drum  was  beaten ;  Cr.  Gr., 
44;  Sej.  Ma].,  34.     Tertitir  n, :  id.;  Ht.  Best. 

Nobatkan  :  to  proclaim  a  raja  by  beat  of  the 
royal  drum ;  to  raise  a  prince  to  the  throne ; 
Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  125 ;  Sh.  Bid.,  127.  Menobatkan  : 
id. ;  Ht.  Bakht.,  63. 

Bernobat :  possessed  of  the  nobat,  i.e.,  genuine 
kings.  Raja  bernobat:  an  established  ruler; 
Sh .  Abd .  M k . ,  6 1 .  Tunm  tenmnm  ami  bernobat : 
descended  from  ancestors  who  were  royal  from 
the  first;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  6. 


^jAUjj  nubas.     Bnrong  nub  as :  a  bird  (unidentified); 
Ht.  Hamz.,  33. 

(j^  nftbi.     Arab.      Nubian.     Budak      nubi     yang 
hitam :  a  black  Nubian  boy;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  60. 

^y  noja.     A  servant  or  caretaker  in  a  mosque. 

Daun  n. :  a  herb   used   in   dyeing,  peristrope 
montana. 


J\p^    nfth  or  noh.     [Arab.  nuh.'\     Nabt  Noh :  Noah 

jy 


iSjy 


'4jy 
Cyxry 


A^* 


y 


nftr.  Arab.  Light;  brilliancy;  glory.  Nur 
haydti :  the  light  of  life ;  Sh.  I.  M.  P.,  4.  Nuru'l- 
'am :  light  of  my  eyes ;  a  term  of  endearment ; 
Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  117. 

nurani.  [Pers. ;  derivative  from  Arab,  nur,] 
Brilliant ;  shining ;  connected  with  light  or 
(by  metaphor)  with  the  light  of  the  True  Faith. 
Hati  n. :  a  heart  full  of  the  light  (of  faith);  Sh. 
May.,  22.  Wajah  n. :  glowing  face ;  a  face 
shining  with  beauty;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  76. 
Bintang  n,  :  a  star  of  great  lustre. 

no'reng.     (Kedah.)     A  vulture.    Also  ereng. 

nauroz.     Pers.     New  Year's  day. 

nuri.  A  lory;  a  parrot.  This  bird,  like  the 
bay  an,  plays  a  great  part  in  Malay  romances. 

nusa.     Jav.     An  island  ;  =  ptdau, 

nushgidir.     Pers.    Sal-ammoniac,    Also  .^Uj  • 

nushirwan.  Pers.  Nushirvan,  a  Persian 
prince  famous  for  his  justice  and  mentioned  in 
many  old  romances,  e.g.,  Ht.  Hamz.,  Sej.  Mai., 
etc.     N.  'ddil :  id. 

nupin.  The  name  of  a  fresh-water  fish  (un- 
identified); KL,  V.  d.  W.,  Pijn. 

noga.     A  shell ;  turbmella  conigera, 

nomah.  Pmomah  :  a  present  from  one  prince 
to  another;  Ht,  Mar.  Mah.     Aho pendomah. 


•jy    nlin.     I.     The    name    of    the    letter  ^. 

II.     Arab.     The  fish  that  swallowed  Jonah, 

^^y    nona.     A  variant  of  nonah,  q.  v. 

i;  J    nonong.     Mmonong :   to  walk  with  the  body 
C/       erect   but    with    the    legs    staggering,    as    a 
drunken  man. 

rjj    nonam  or  (Kedah)  nunam.     A  shell ;   murex, 
'  sp.    Cf.   unam. 

s-jt-A    llo'no\     The  female  organs  in  a  very  young 
-^  ^      girl ;  a  term  used  in  speaking  to  very  young 
children. 

4jy  nonah.  (Java.)  The  unmarried  daughter  of  a 
European  or  Chinese;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. ;  Sh. 
Lamp.,  36;  (in  Singapore)  a  name  given  to 
the  recognized  mistress  of  a  European. 

Buwah  n, :  the  custard-apple,  anona  squamosa. 
N,  kapri:  the  "bullock-heart"  fruit;  anona 
reticulata. 

Also  nona. 


NAH 


[    676    ] 


NILAI 


Aj    nah.     There  ! — an  interjection. 

^^  nahi.  Arab.  The  forbidden.  Amar  dan 
nahi :  the  commanded  and  the  forbidden ;  Ht. 
Isk.  Dz.;  Ht.  Md.  Hanaf. ;  Sh.  L  M.  P.,  2. 
iV.  Allah:  what  God  has  forbidden;  Sh. 
Ungg.  Bers.,  13. 

(J    ni.     This ;  an  abbreviated  form  of  ini, 

vi5\j  niyaga.  Bemiyaga  :  to  trade,  Ht.  Abd.,  172  ; 
a  variant  (by  erroneous  etymology)  of  beniyaga 
=  Skr.  banijya.  Perniyagaan :  trading ;  trade  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  429,  465;  Marsd.  Gr.,  141.  See 
beniyaga, 

^Vj    niyaya.     [Skr.  anydya,]    Oppression,  tyranny ; 
-    "       Sh.  Ibl.,  15  ;  — a  variant  of  aniyaya,  q.  v. 

jL^    nibong.     A  well-known  palm  used  in  house- 
^         building,  oncosperma  tigillana ;  Ht.  Abd.,  76. 


^ 


iV.    padi :    oncosperma 
macrocladtis. 


sp. 


N.    ibid . 


orama 


,j*i»    nibak.     A  Malay  cake ;  KL,  v.  d.  W.,  Pijn. 

%Z^  niyat.  [Arab,  niyat,]  Desire,  wish,  heartfelt 
longing  or  aspiration.  A"^.  hati :  id.  Niyat-nya 
hendak :  in  the  hope  of.  Niyat  ta'-sampai :  a 
hope  that  falls  short  of  realization  ;  Ht.  Koris. 
Makin  hanyak  orang  makin  banyak  niyat:  the 
more  men  the  more  aspirations ;  a  multitude 
of  councillors  means  a  divided  council ;    Prov. 

Sayang  perigi   bernama   telaga 
T^mpat  mandi   bidadari ; 

Niyat" kn   tidak    berduwa   tiga, 
Tuwan   tcrpaku   di-dalani   hati : 

my  desires  are  undivided,  you  alone  are  fixed 
in  my  heart. 

Niyatkan :  to  will;  Muj.,  64,94. 

U  Ju>  nidSra.  Sleepy ;  sound,  of  sleep ;  =  chendera, 
n.,  and  nyedar. 


j^    niyor.     The  coco-nut,  cocos  nucifera. 
nyior,  q.  v. 


Better 


nira.  A  name  given  to  the  fresh  juice 
(intended  for  fermentation)  of  various  palms. 
This  juice  is  obtained  by  cutting  off  the  young 
sheathed  blossom  (mayang)  of  the  palm.  This 
nira  is  obtained  from  the  kabong  {arenga 
saccharifera) ,  from  the  nipah  (iiipa  fruticans), 
and  from  the  coco-nut  palms. 


a/jJ    niru.     A  sieve ;  =  7tyiru ,  q.  v. 
l£j^    nirai.     (Kedah.)    A  row;  in  a  row,  in  order. 

v^^,:  nisan  or  nesan.  I.  [Fevs.  nishdn.]  A  tomb- 
stone ;  a  mark  on  a  grave ;  Sh.  May.,  6.  Kain 
iutup  n, :  a  shroud  for  a  dead  body. 

II.     Sweets,  honey,  candy;  =  manisan. 


^^•Jul    nipis.     Thin  or  tenuous, 
lips  were  thin;  Ht.  Abd., 
common  lime,  citrus  acida. 


Bibir-nya  n, :   his 
86.     Limau  n.  the 


4ju; 


cW 


^ 


nipah.  A  well-known  trunkless  palm  growing 
in  swampy  ground ;  nipa  fruticans, 

neka  or  nika.  [Skr.  amka,]  Kinds,  species. 
Bunga  berneka :  flowers  of  various  kinds ;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg.    Also  nega  and  aneka. 

nega.  [Skr.  aneka,]  Kinds,  sorts,  species. 
Serba  7i, :  all  kinds,  various  kinds ;  Ht.  Gul 
Bak.,  55.  Nega-nega :  id. ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
Bernega  warna  :  of  various  colours  ;  Sh.  Panj. 
Sg.  Cf.  also  Sh.  Bur.  Pung.,  7 ;  Sh.  Sg,  Kanch., 
51- 
Also  neka,  aneka  and  anega, 

nila.  [Skr.  mla,]  Deep  blue ;  indigo  {indigo- 
fera  tinctoria) ;  sapphire.  Sebab  nila  sa4itek 
rosak  susu  sa-belanga :  by  a  single  drop  of  indigo 
a  whole  jug  of  milk  is  spoilt ;  a  little  evil  goes 
a  long  way;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  132.  Chelupan 
n. :  things  dyed  with  indigo.  Perahu  berisi  n. : 
a  vessel  laden  with  indigo;  Sh.  B.  A.  M.,  10. 

Permata  n, :  the  sapphire ;  Cr.  Gr.,  83.     Nila- 
kendi :  id. 


nil.     Arab. 


Sungai  nil :  the  Nile. 


nilor.      A      long     oval     ornamented     shield. 
Perisai  n, :  id. ;  Ht.  Koris. 

nUakanda.      [Skr.  nila-kdnta,]     The  sapphire. 
Usually  in  the  form  nilakendi. 


nilakSndi.     [Skr. 
(precious  stone).] 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. ;  Sh. 
Chumb.,  7. 


ntla  (blue)  and  kdnta 
The  sapphire;  Ht.  Koris; 
Bur.  Pung.,  5 ;  Sh.  Kumb. 


nilam.  1.  The  patchouli  plant,  pogostemon 
patchouli,  N.  bukit :  a  pla,nt,  pogostemon  heyne- 
anum,     N,  jantan  :  hemigraphis  confinis, 

XL  Tam.  A  sapphire;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub.;  Cr. 
Gr.,  42. 

Ji^    nilau.     A  plant,  cupania  pallidula,     N,  paya: 
commersonia  echinata, 

j^    nUu.     The  sensation  of  setting  one's  teeth  on 
edge ;  better  ngihi, 

^J^    nilai.     Assessment,  valuation. 

Nilai-nya  tinggi :  its  value  is  great ;  Bint. 
Timor,  2  Jan,,  1895.  Nilaikan :  to  fix  or 
estimate  the  value  of  anything;  Sej.  Mai.,  99. 
Menilai:  id.;  Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  3.  Ma'nikam 
yang  tiyada  dapat  ternilaikan  herga-nya :  a  gem 
whose  value  was  beyond  all  calculation ;  Ht. 
Gul.  Bak.,  41. 

Anak   enggang  terbang-nya  rendah, 
Di'panah    uleh  dewa  mempelai ; 

Dagang-nya  elok,   terlalu   endah, 
Mengapa  tidak  mahu  di-nilai: 


NENES 


[    677    ] 


WADLIH 


the  goods  are  fair  and  valuable  why  then  do 
you  refuse  to  say  what  they  are  worth  (bid  for 
them) ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

^j'*^  nenes.  (Riau,  Johor.)  Bemenes  :  to  ooze  out, 
as  matter  from  a  boil ;  to  keep  running,  of  a 
running  sore.  Menenes :  id.  Also  (Kedah) 
meneneh. 

IXJ  nenek.  Grandfather,  grandmother.  Sa- 
orang  n, :  an  old  granny.  Datok  w. ;  ancestors  ; 
Sej.  Mai.,  9.     N,  jnoyang  :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  398. 


^ 


N.  kebayan:  an  old  fairy-godmother  often 
mentioned  in  romances  as  assisting  princes 
and  princesses  to  meet. 

JlUJ    nenenda.     Grandfather  ;  a  respectful  variant 
of  ne7iek  ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  17  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

^Cyj  neneh.  Mmeneh :  (Kedah)  to  ooze  out,  as 
matter  from  an  open  sore  ;  =  (Riau,  Johor) 
bemenes. 


6-\ 


0^\} 


The  letter  wan;  the  30th  letter  of  the 
Malay  alphabet ;  the  equivalent  for  the 
number  6  in  the  abjad,  q.  v. 

wa.     Arab.     And. 

waba.      [Arab,  wabd.]      Plague ;  pestilence. 

watas.     Jav.     A  boundary  ;  =  batas. 

watang.     Jav,     A  tree- trunk  ;  =  batang, 

watu.  Jav,  A  stone ;  =  batu,  Cf.  stiwatti 
(=  sa-watu), 

wati.  [Skr.  watt :  air,  wind.]  The  firma- 
ment ;  the  world.  The  word  is  often  used  in 
compound  Sanskrit  names,  such  as  Januwati, 
Darawatiy  Angsoka-i^ati,  etc. 

waja.     Jav.     Steel ;     tempering ;    manuring ; 

=  baja, 

wajib.     Arab.     Pledged  to  ;  bound  to. 

wajek.  A  sweetmeat  made  of  pulut  rice  and 
white  sugar. 

wajah.     [Arab,     ^y]     Countenance ;  face. 
wadong.     Jav.     A  battle-axe. 


wadal.  A  portion  of  the  pudendum  mnliebre. 
Tahi  w,  :  an  ingredient  in  a  filthy  kind  of 
love-philtre. 

wadon.  Jav.  A  woman.  Memberi  edan  kes- 
maran  lanang  dan  wadon  melihat  diya : 
maddening  with  love  all  men  and  women  who 
saw  him  ;  Ht.  Sh. 


(^^\»    wadi.     See  ^  jj . 


u^jS 


warith.     Arab.  Heir ;  inheritor.     See  warts. 

waras.  Jav.  Improvement  in  health  ;  cure  ; 
convalescence.  Warasan  :  id.  Warip-waras : 
alive  and  well ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed. ;  Ht.  Sh, 
Supaya  sigera  iya  waras  :  that  he  might  soon 
recover ;  Ht.  Sh.  Pergi-lah  tuwan  warasan 
juga  tuwan  beruleh  selamat :  go,  Sir,  you  are 
healed  and  will  be  safe  ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.  Sakit 
tuwan  hingga  waras-nya  :  your  illness  is  now 
in  the  stage  of  convalescence  ;  Sh.  Panj,  Sg. 

waris.  [Arab,  warith.]  Heir,  inheritor. 
A  hit  w. :  the  heirs.  Hakk  w. :  the  inheritance. 
Waris  is  also  used  in  the  Menangkabau  states 
of  tribal  officials  who  control  the  law  of 
succession. 

warang.     Warangan  :  ratsbane  ;  arsenic. 

warong.  Jav.  A  booth  or  stall ;  =  barong. 
Penoh  sesak  pasar  dan  warong :  the  markets 
and  booths  were  crowded  with  people ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg, 

warip.  Alive ;=wn/?.  W.  waras:  alive  and 
well;  Ht.  Sh,;  Ht.  Mas  Ed, 

waru.  Jav.  A  tree,  hibiscus  tiliaceus.  See 
baru. 

wasir.  [Arab.  bawdsir.]  Haemorrhoids; 
piles.     W.  keluwar  darah  :  bleeding  piles. 


la^U    wasit.     Arab.    Midmost,  middle. 


e 


W§,sitah.     Arab.     A  female  go-between ;  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  357. 

WSlsil.     Arab.     Joining  anything;  adjoining; 

united  to*  Wdsilkan :  to  credit,  to  note  down 
a  payment  in  the  account  book. 

W&dlih.      Arab.      Clear,   plain;   settled,    put 

beyond  all  question.  Supaya  buleh  wddlih  dan 
selesai  perkhabaran  kita :  that  our  statements 
may  be  confirmed  and  all  doubts  set  at  rest ; 
Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  3. 


85 


WANGI 


[    678    ] 


WARUNA 


y^. 


fe^ 


wangi.  Jav.  Fragrant,  perfumed,  sweet- 
smelling  ;  =  harum, 

wakap.  I.  Burong  wakap  :  a  bird  (unidenti- 
fied) ;  it  has  a  yellow  neck ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 

II.     Tanah    wakap:  mosque-land;   see   ^-i3j 

Wakil.     Better  wakll,  q.  v. 

walang.  Sad,  sorrowful.  W,  di-hati :  id. ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub.  Berhati  w. :  id. ;  Sh.  Bid., 
48.  Menaroh  w, :  to  be  sorrowful ;  to  brood 
over  sorrows;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  5. 

wallah  or  wallahi.     Arab.     By  God. 

walimana.    See  jW.^. 

wall.  I.  [Arab,  wait.]  Governor;  prince; 
lord;  ruler;  a  saint,  cf.  aidiyd,  Siapa  wait 
menikdhkan  diya :  who  has  authority  to  give 
her  in  marriage ;  Ht.  Best. 

II.  A  small  square  piece  of  cloth  hung  over 
the  shoulder,  W,  kektmingan  :  id.,  of  yellow 
cloth,  worn  as  a  token  of  respect  in  a  princess 
presence;  Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.  Menyam- 
paiw, :  to  wear  this  cloth  ;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  10. 
Menyelampai  w. :  id. ;  Ht.  Koris.  Menyandang 
w. :  id. ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 

III.  Pisau  wait :  a  small  lancet-like  knife; 
Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  16.  W,  potong  lilin :  a 
brazier's  mould-scraper.  PF.  Uhok  bunga  :  a 
brazier's  engraving  knife. 

IV.  A  bird  (in  compounds).  Raja-wali  : 
the  king  of  birds;  the  eagle  or  falcon.  Walt- 
mana :  a  harpy. 

V.  Akar  ptitar  wait :  a  plant  (unidentified). 


I.     The  name  of  the  letter  ^. 
A    paper    kite ;    cf.   layang-layang,     W. 


wau. 
II. 

bidan,  w.  chenchamar^  w,  jala  hodi^  w.  kapal, 
w.  orang,  w.  Pelembang,  w,  sipahi :  patterns  of 
kites  so  called  after  their  shape.  Laksana  wau 
tnelawan  angin :  like  a  kite  trying  to  travel 
against  the  wind ;  an  impossible  task ;  Prov, 

Wayang.  [Jav. :  a  shadow;  =  bayang,  q.  v.] 
A  shadow-play  or  puppet-show ;  a  theatrical 
perforrnance  generally.  W,  wong :  (in  Java) 
plays  in  which  living  actors  and  not  puppets 
take  part;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  W.  Aw/^Y:  puppet- 
plays  ;  Ht.  Koris.  Panggong  w. :  the  stage  or 
platform  on  which  these  performances  are 
held;  Ht.  Mas  Ed.  Berwayang :  to  hold  a 
performance  of  this  sort ;  to  perform  a  play ; 
Ht.  Mas  Ed.,  Ht.  Koris.  Baku  w. :  shoul- 
ders like  those  in  an  actor's  make  up ;  very 
sloping  shoulders  (admired  in  women);  Ht. 
Gh.,  Ht.  Koris. 

Kirengseng  w.  or  gerengseng  w, :  a  pattern 
impressed  upon  batek  sarongs ;  Ht.  Gh. ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Nata;  Sh.  Bid.,  6. 


j^^   wa-ba'ada. 


Arab.     And  after,  next. 


*-U)* 


^^3 


wa-ba'ada-hu.  Arab.  And  after  it;  and 
afterwards ;  next ;  =  maka  kemudtyan  daripada 
itu, 

wat.     Siam.     A  '*  watt  "  or  Buddhist  temple. 

Orang   Birma   masok   di-wat, 

Sembah   berhala  angkat  tangan : 

the    Burmese   enter   a   temple  and  pray  with 
outstretched  hands  to  an  idol. 

wijaya.  Victorious;  better joya,  q.  v.  Bunga 
wijaya  mala  :  the  name  of  a  flower  which  had 
the  power  of  bringing  to  life  any  dead  body 
that  it  touched,  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ; — whence  it 
has  become  a  favourite  simile  for  the  reviving 
influence  of  a  lover's  presence  upon  his 
desponding  beloved.  Kerma  w, :  the  victorious 
God  of  Love ;  better  Kama  jay  a. 


'^y^^     WUJM.       Arab.     Existence,     being, 
Usually  corrupted  to  ujud,  q.  v. 


entity. 


4j>-a    wajah.     Arab.     Countenance,  {ace;=:muka, 
'  ^      in  refined  language. 


Ju>-ft    wahid.     Arab.     Sole,  single. 


widara.  [Skr.  badara.]  A  generic  name 
given  to  several  trees  with  plum-like  fruits. 
Usually  bedara,  q.  v. 

wSdana.     Jav.     A  district  headman. 

wadi.  Arab.  A  vital  element  in  the  seminal 
flow ;  V.  ma'nikam. 

war.     See  uwar. 

warangan.  Jav.  Ratsbane;  realgar.  Cf. 
berangan  and  warang, 

warta.  Tidings,  news,  report.  Warta-nya: 
the  report  was  ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  12.  Maka  di-war- 
takan  orang-lah  yang  baginda  itu  sudah 
datang :  people  reported  that  the  king  had 
come;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

Wirid.      [Pers.  wird.]    Pupil;  disciple. 

wari*.     Arab.     Abstinence,  self-restraint. 


O 


'J^ 


warkat.      Arab.      Letter, 

this   letter    is    a    sincere     one, 
beginning  to  a  Malay  epistle. 


Warkatu'l'ikhlds  : 
a  common 


S 


warga.  Jav.  Distant  relatives;  attendants 
on  a  prince.  W,  dalam:  court  attendants; 
Ht.  Mas  Ed.,  Sh.  Panj.  Sg.  Kula-warga: 
circle  of  relationship;  family  in  the  widest 
sense  ;  usually  pronounced  keluwarga. 

wama,  wSma,  or  warSna.  [Skr.  warm.] 
Colour  :  shade  of  colour ;  (by  extension)  kind, 
species.  Berbagai-bagai  warna-nya  panji-panji 
itu :  the  pennons  were  of  many  colours. 
Warna-nya  hitam :  it  was  black.     Cf.  rona. 


J^Ji   warwar.    See  uwar. 


'Ji 


OJ3 


OV^ 


waruna.    [Skr.  waruna.]  The  Hindoo  Varuna, 
the  God  of  the  Sea. 


WARITA 


[    679    ] 


WIN 


o^^ 


warita.  News;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz.  Usually war/a, 
q.  V. 

wazlr.  Arab.  A  vizier;  a  minister.  Sembah 
wazir-nya  itu  :  the  vizier  said  ;  Ht.  Gh.  Waztr 
mcmangku  negeri:  a  vizier  to  look  after  the 
state  ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  31. 

wasana.  [Skr.  wasmta,]  A  place  of  abode ; 
KL,  Pijn. 

wisStu.     A   variant  of  setu,  q.  v. ;    Sh.   Panj. 

wasangka.     Doubt,  uncertainty,  worry,  care. 

waswas.  Arab.  Possessed  of  a  devil ;  worried 
with  evil  thoughts ;  care,  worry,  anxiety ; 
Ht.  Hamz.,  38. 

! 

! 

waslat.     Arab.     Union,  connection. 

wast.      Arab.     An     executor    of  a  will ;  Ht.  I 
Isk,  Dz. 


k^a    wasiyat.       Arab.      Last  will   or  testament; 


c-^A 


-Xfr, 


b 


b 


LT^) 


^ 


o\i. 


testamentary  dispositions;  deathbed  counsels  ; 
Sh.    Abd.  ML,  16;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  18. 


wa^ad.     Arab.       Bond,   contract ;    Ht. 
Yat.,  52  ;  =  janji. 


Ism. 


wang.  Money ;  a  small  coin,  =  (about)  2| 
cents.  Sa4aU  tiga  wang  jtiga  :  a  tali  is  three 
wang  always ;  six  of  one,  half-a-dozen  of  the 
other  ;  Prov.,  v.  tali.  Sakaliyan  Boy  an  berwang : 
all  the  Boyanese  who  had  money ;  Sh. 
Kamp.  Boy.,  6. 

WOng.  Sund.  A  man,  a  person;  =  orang. 
Wayang  w,:  a  play  acted  by  living  men  (in 
contradistinction  to  a  puppet-show)  ;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg,  W,  keyangan :  an  inhabitant  of 
heaven  ;  Ht.  Sh.  W,  manjapada :  an  inhabitant 
of  earth  ;    Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 

wangsa.  I.  Youthful;  =  terona.  Muda- 
wangsa:  id.;  Ht.  Sh. ;  Ht.  Koris;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng, 

II.  [Skr.  wansa,]  Race  (only  in  com- 
pound expressions),  e.g.,  Marong  Maha-wangsa, 
the  first  ruler  of  Kedah.    Cf.  bangsa. 

wangkang.  A  Chinese  junk  with  a  peculiar 
double  figure-head.  - 

Dari-mana   man   wangkang  ? 
Dart   hulu  negeri   China : 
whence  comes  the  wangkang  ? — from  a  distant 
part  of  China. 

wafat.  Arab.  To  die,  to  perish  (politely 
expressed).  Antara  lima  tahun  nabi  Allah 
wafat :  about  five  years  after  the  death  of  the 
Prophet  of  God;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Wafdt-lah 
suri :  the  Queen  is  dead;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

wap.     See  nwap. 


waktu.      Arab.      Time,      hour,      occupation, 

opportunity.  Pada  wakttt  itu :  at  that  time. 
Pada  tiyap-tiyap  waktu  :  at  all  times ;  =  pada 
tiyap'tiyap  masa  dan  ketika,  Lamun  berwaktu : 
but  only  at  the  proper  time ;  when  occasion 
arises  or  the  chance  presents  itself. 
Bunga  w,  besar :  hibiscus  mutabilis ;  Marsd. 
Btinga  w,  kechil :  mirabilis  jalapa  ;  Marsd, 

wikalat.     Arab.     Tutorship;  tutelage. 

wakusa.  A  bird  (unidentified)  ;  Sh.  Sri 
Ben.,  85. 

wakil.  Arab.  An  agent;  a  tutor;  an  attorney, 
W,  darya :  the  lord  of  the  waters ;  a  tidal 
wave  ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  109.  W.  nikdh :  the 
bride's  guardians,  at  a  wedding ;  Ht.  Md. 
Hanaf.,  57. 

wilada.  Mandi  wilada  :  the  ceremonial  wash- 
ing of  the  lower  abdomen  in  pregnancy. 


^V^a  walasan.  The  lever  for  working  the  bellows 
in  a  brazier's  foundry;  (also)  the  lever  for 
working  the  turning  lathe. 

jfcj  wilahar.  A  lake ;  a  pool ;  a  mere  ;  =  (Kedah) 
^  -^  lahar,  Maka  bertemu-lah  Mngan  wilahar  terlalu 
besar-nya ;  maka  Putera  Jaya  Pati  pun  singgah 
mengambil  ikan  pada  tenipat  itu:  they  came 
across  a  very  large  mere  and  the  Prince  jaya 
Pati  stopped  to  catch  fish  in  it  ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 
Tasek  dan  w,  :  lakes  and  meres;  Ht.  Mar. 
Mah.  W.  dan  kubang  :  meres  and  pools  ;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah. 


c^. 


J*    walakin.    Arab. 
•^      and  lakin. 


And    yet ;    but ;    from 


wa 


J-, 


walimana  or  wilmana.  [Skr.  ?]  A  harpy ; 
a  fabulous  flying  monster  mentioned  (Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.)  as  the  steed  of  Boma  and  as  being 
able  to  speak,  and  sometimes  represented  as 
having  a  human  head  and  the  body  of  a  bird. 
Cf.  wali  (in  raja-wali).  Burong  w.  :  id.;  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub.  ;  Sh.  Sri  Ben.,  86.  W.  terbang : 
id. ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 

y\      wolanda  or  wilanda..      Hollander,     Dutch; 
,?      Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  2.     Ayam  w,  :  a  turkey;   Ht. 
Si  Misk.,  45.     Usually  holanda  and  bUanda. 

Jj    wa-lau.     Arab.     And  yet ;  although. 

A^    wall.     Arab.     Trusty  friend ;   Friend  of  God  ; 
•^^      a  saint.     See  wait. 


O) 


O^ 


wan.  A  title  in  common  use  in  the  Northern 
Malay  states;  v.  uwan.  To'  wan:  (Kedah) 
grandfather. 

win,  (Kedah.)  A  vigorous  eifort  such  as  that 
made  by  a  wrestler  in  trying  to  throw  his 
opponent. 


WANTA 


[    680    ] 


HABU 


wanta.     Dalima  wanfa :  a  name   sometimes 
given  to  the  nyireh  fruit  {carapa  moliiccana). 


^^    wah.     An  interjection  of  sorrowful  surprise; 
^      oh,  alas;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  46. 

fej  weh.  An  interjection  of  address.  Siti  weh ! 
jangan  berbuwat  chura  :  lady,  oh  !  do  not  make 
a  jest  of  it. 

p!^    waham.     Arab.     Opinion,  surmise,  idea,  con- 
jecture. 

L^^    wahai.     An  interjection  compounded  of  wah 
and  hat ;  oh  there ;  hey  there. 

{^/^^  wetan.  Jav.  East  ;  =  (Malay)  ttntor.  Tuwan- 
lah  yang  mengalahkan  kidol  dan  wetan  :  you  who 
have  conquered  the  South  and  the  East ;  Ht. 
Sh. 


i-sC*    wijong.     Jav.     A  small  animal  of  the  squirrel 
C--^      class ;  Ht.  Sh. 


Jo 


wijil.  Jav.  A  sort  of  gallery ;  v.  bijiL  Wijil 
pasiban  and  wijil  pendawa  :  different  passages ; 
Ht.  Perb.  Jaya,  Ht.  Mas  Ed. 

wijan.    Jav.    Sesamum ; — bijan, 

wedam.  [Skr.,  and  Tamil.]  Prayer;  the 
Vedas. 

wira.  [Skr.  wiraJ\  A  man  ;  a  hero.  Perwim  : 
id. 

werong.  Jav.  Main  pa'-werong  :  ^,  theatrical 
performance;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

wila.  An  aboriginal  tribe  in  the  Malay 
Peninsula;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.     Also  bila, 

Wilis.  L  Green  ;  dark  green.  Kartds  w,  : 
dark  green  paper ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

II.     Elegant,  graceful,  delicate. 

Wilang.  Jav.  Madness.  Latah  wilangan  : 
id. ;  Ht.  Mas  Ed.,  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya. 


lb 


The  letter  hd,  the  thirty-first  letter  of  the 
Malay  alphabet ;  the  equivalent  of  the  number 
5  in  the  abjad,  q.  v. 


k  hu.  Arab.  The  possessive  pronoun  third 
singular  masculine  (his)  in  its  genitive  and 
accusative  forms. 


\jfe    ha.     I.     The  name  of  the  letter  *;  Sh.   I.  M. 

p.,  7- 

11.  Arab.  The  possessive  pronoun  third 
singular  feminine  (her)  in  its  genitive  and 
accusative  form. 

\^    haba.     Glow,    warmth,    temperature   of    the 
body  :  Also  aba  and  (Kedah)  behaba. 

^    Y^    habat.     Manner ;  way ;  kind  of  person ;  sort 
^*^  of  person,  especially  a  bad  sort.    Jangan  sa- 

barang  habat :  not  in  any  way ;  not  carelessly 
or  confusedly;  =:  jangan  ta'-ketahuwan. 


un 


U 


habis.  Done,  finished,  exhausted;  the  end 
of;  entirely.  BUum  h, :  not  yet  finished. 
Badan  ptm  habis-lah  luka  :  his  body  was  covered 
with  wounds ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  30.  Sa-hingga 
habis'lah  pohun-pohun  nyior  marika-itu  sakaliyan 
di'tebang-nya  :  until  he  had  felled  every  single 
one  of  their  coco-nut  trees.  Sa-habis-habis  : 
to  the  very  end ;  to  the  very  last.  Dengan  sa- 
habis-nya  :  utterly. 


Habisi  :  to  terminate ;  to  come  to  an  end  of; 
to  exhaust ;  Sh.  Ik.  Ter.,  ig.  Habiskan :  to 
put  an  end  to ;  to  finish ;  to  settle ;  to  exhaust. 
Menghubiskan :  id.  Kn  habis^'an  anak  chuchti 
dan  kanm  keluwarga-mu  :  I  will  put  an  end  to 
your  family  and  your  descendants ;  Ht.  Gul 
Bak.,  39.  Habiskan4ah  knwat  engkau,  hai 
Maharaja  Gangga  Sura  :  put  forth  your  utmost 
strength,  oh  Maharaja  Gangga  Sura;  Ht.  Ind. 
Nata.  Menghabiskan  segala  bichara  dan  perga- 
dohan  itu :  to  settle  all  cases  and  disputes ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  68;  cf.  also  Ht.  Abd.,  34. 

K^habisan  dLiid  penghabisan  :  end,  termination. 
Senjata  yang  k, :  weapons  that  have  been 
destroyed;  Ht.  P.  J.  P.  Jika  tiyada  kehabisan 
bekal :  if  our  stores  are  not  exhausted ;  Sh.  Ik. 
Ter.,  5.  Penghabisan  dunya :  the  end  of  the 
world;  Ht,  Ind.  Nata;  Sh.  Jub.  Mai.,  14. 


jyujvib    habus.     Better  abus,  q,  v. 


'Xjjb  habok.  Dust,  chaff,  powder;  cf.  abu  and 
debu.  &mpama  habok  di-badan  :  like  dust  on 
the  body  (which  the  wind  bears  away) ; 
transient  existence  ;  impermanence ;  Prov. 

jL\Jb    hab61or.     [Pers.  j^, .]      Crystal ;  clear  white, 

of  the  eyes ;  (Kedah)  piebald,  of  a  horse. 
Bukit  h, :  a  hill  of  crystal ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 
Saperti  habUor  rupa-nya  berkilat :  shining  like 
crystal ;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

jA^    habu.     Ash ;  cinders  ;  better  abu,  q.  v. 


HAsfL 


[    68i     ] 


HATI 


J\jBb 


habil.     Arab.     Abel      (of      Old      Testament 
history) ;  Sh,  Rej.,  6. 

hatur.     Putting  or  setting  in  order.     Usually 
atuVf  q.  V. 

hatap.     A  roof ;  "atap";  v.  atap.     The  form 
hatap  occurs :  Ht.  Abd.,  197,  208. 


Vfc    hatam.     A  variant  of^,  q. 


ru 

JU 


V. 


hati.  The  liver  and  heart ;  the  seat  of  the 
feelings ;  the  core  or  heart  ojf  anything.  Hati- 
nya  berlobang-lobang  saperti  sarang  lebah :  his 
liver  was  perforated  like  a  bees'  nest ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  180.  H.  kaki :  the  hollow  of  the  sole 
of  the  foot.  H.  tangan:  the  hollow  at  the 
centre  of  the  palm  of  the  hand.  Jantong  h,  : 
the  heart  (anatomically).  Ulu  h,  :  the  corner 
at  the  end  of  the  sternum.  Sakit  ulu  h,  : 
shooting  pains  in  the  liver.  Tulang  ulu  h, 
or  tulang  sudu  h,  :  the  xiphoid  process. 

In  its  metaphorical  sense  as  the  seat  of  sensa- 
tion and  of  the  passions,  hati  is  extremely 
common.  Ikut  hati  mati,  iktit  rasa  binasa  :  to 
give  rein  to  one's  passions  means  death,  to 
give  rein  to  one's  lusts  is  destruction  ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  I.,  90.  Menurutkan  hati  mati, 
menurutkan  rasa  binasa  :  id.  Terbakar  kampong 
kelihatan  asap,  terbakar  hati  siapa  akan  tahu  : 
when  a  homestead  is  burnt  the  smoke  may  be 
seen  ;  but  when  the  heart  is  aflame  with  feel- 
ings how  can  other  people  guess  it ;  Prov., 
J.  S.  A.  S.,  III.,  28.  Padang perahu  di-lautan, 
padang  hati  di-pikiran  :  the  sea  is  a  ship's 
plane  of  action,  the  thoughts  are  where  the 
feelings  have  full  play ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II., 
148.  Belah  dada  lihat  hati :  open  my  breast 
and  look  at  my  heart, — a  jesting  suggestion 
to  a  lover  who  disbelieves  his  beloved's 
protestations. 

Ambil  di-hati :  to  store  up  a  grudge  against 
a  person  ;  Ht.  Berm.  Sh.  Ambil pada  h, :  id.; 
Cr.  Gr.,  14.     See  also  mengambil  h, 

Bacha  di-dalam  h, :  to  read  to  oneself;  to 
read  silently  or  mentally ;  to  mentally  recite ; 
Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  143. 

Dakar  h. :  passionate  wrath  or  hostility ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  213;  strong  feeling  generally,  Ht.  Abd., 
287. 

Belas  h, :  compassion ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Berahi  h, :  to  feel  a  passion  for  any  person 
or  enjoyment  or  occupation  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  213. 

Berbalek  h, :  to  change  one's  mind ;  to 
experience  a  revulsion  of  feeling;  Ht.  Abd., 
279,  289. 

Berbiilu  h. :  gathering  wrath ;  rising  wrath. 

Berdebar  h, :  to  be  excited  with  fear  or 
exercise  or  surprise;  to  quiver  with 
apprehension  or  excitement ;  Ht.  Abd.,  282, 
297. 

Berkata  di-dalam  h. :  to  say  to  oneself, 
BBsar  A. ;  presumption,  pride ;   Cr.   Gr.,  63 ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  39. 


Buboh  h, :  to  set  one's  heart  on  anything ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  349. 

Busok  h. :  foul  disposition  ;  foul  or  unworthy 
thoughts. 

Buwah  h,  :  heart,  as  a  term  of  endearment ; 
Sh.  Panj.  Sg.,  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Chonderong  h.  or  chondong  h, :  well-disposed 
to;  feeling  an  inclination  or  weakness  for; 
Ht.  Isk.  Dz.,  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

Gerakh,:  stirring  the  feelings;  emotion  of 
any  kind. 

Hanchor  h, :  crushed,  despondent,  heart- 
broken, heart-oppressed. 

Hiri  h.  or  iri  h, :  spite,  malice ;  Ht.  Md. 
Hanaf.,  35. 

Jauh  h, :  alienation  of  feelings ;  loss  of  love 
or  interest. 

Karat  h, :  malice.     Karatan  h. :  id. ;  Cr.  Gr., 

63- 

Kechil  h,  :  spite  ;  a  grudge ;  Ht.  Abd.,  243 ; 
Cr.  Gr.,  63;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
433- 

Keras  A. :  obstinacy;  Ht.  Abd.,  480. 

Korang  h, :  spiritless ;  Cr.  Gr,,  64. 

Lembut  h, :  softening  of  the  heart ;  pacifi- 
cation ;  quieting  down. 

Makan  h. :  to  eat  one's  heart  out ;  to  brood 
over  any  thought;  J.  I.  A,,  I.,  150. 

Mata  h, :  perception  mentally;  Ht.  Abd.,  25. 

Membawa  h. :  to  betake  oneself  in  wrath  to 
any  place  ;  to  carry  one's  angry  feelings  any- 
where. 

Memeliharakan  A, :  to  retain  popularity ;  to 
preserve  the  love  of  others. 

Mengambil  h. :  to  captivate;  Ht.  Abd.,  gi. 

Mengkelan  h, :  rising  feelings  of  wrath  or 
disgust. 

Panas  h. :  zeal ;  eagerness ;  impetuous  feelings ; 
Sh.  Pr.  Turk.,  12, 

Pilu  h. :  melancholy;  Ht.  Abd.,  424. 

Ptiteh  h, :  sincerity;  Cr.  Gr.,  63. 

Pntus  h. :  heartbreaking  longing;  heartbreak. 

Piiwas  h, :  seitisfaction  ;  being  appeased ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  433. 

Rawan  h,  :  rapture. 

Sakit  h, :  anger  with  a  person  ;  angry  feelings  ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  279. 

Sangkuth.:  loving  attachment;  Ht.  Abd., 
292. 

Say  lip  h. :  melancholy  ;  feelings,  as  on  hear- 
ing plaintive  music;  Ht.  Abd.,  193. 

Sebal  A. :  patience;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

Sedap  h. :  satisfaction,  contentment ;  Cr.  Gr., 
63. 

Sejok  h,  :  contentment,  pleasure ;  Ht.  Abd., 
79. 

Suchih,:  sincerity;  purity  of  motive;  Ht. 
Abd.,  285. 


HAJAT 


[    682    ] 


HARU 


J 


,u 


,u 


Smah  h, :  sorrow ;  regret. 
Tangkaih, :  a  term  of  endearment ;  v.  tangkai, 
Tawar  A. :    disinclination ;     Ht.    Abd.,    50, 
Memhcri  tait^ar  h, :  to  appease. 

Terang  h. :  clear-headedness  ;  calmness  ; 
judgment ;  Ht.  Abd.,  338,  340. 

Tinggi  h, :  proud  elation  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  408. 

Was-wds  h, :  worry ;  annoyance ;  Ht.  Abd., 
408. 

Perhatiyan:  mental  assimilation;  Ht.  Abd., 
338,  371-  Perhatikan  or  memperhaiikan :  to 
realise. 

hajat.  Wish,  desire,  intention;  better  (Arab.) 
hdjaty  q.  v. 

haji.     See  hdji, 

hachnm.  To  stir  up  to  enmity  or  hostility ; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah.     Usually  achum,  q.  v. 

hadar.     See  hadr. 

hadap.  Position  before  or  in  front  of.  Also 
adap.  Nasi  hadap -hadap  or  nasi  adap-adap  : 
rice  set  before  a  bride  and  bridegroom ;  Ht, 
P.  J.  P. 

Hadapan :  the  front  or  portion  in  front  of 
anything.  Penghadapan :  id.  Di-hadapan 
enche' :  before  you,  Sir;  Ht.  Abd.,  44.  Baris 
di'hadapan :  the  vowel  point  dlammah ;  Ht, 
Abd.,  145.  Ka-hadapan:  forwards;  in  a  for- 
ward direction ;  in  front ;  Ht.  Abd.,  86.  Balai 
penghadapan:  the  front  hall  of  audience;  Cr. 
Gr.,  42  ;  Sh.  Bid.,  84. 

Hadapi  and  ntenghadapi :  to  face;  to  be  in 
front  of;  to  stand  in  the  presence  of.  Di- 
hadapi  uleh  Nur  Mala:  with  Nur  Mala  in 
front;  facing  Nur  Mala;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  134. 
Semuwa  malaikat  menghadapi-nya  :  with  all  the 
Angels  facing  Him;  Sh.  May.,  14.  lya  pun 
herhenti  seraya  ntenghadapi  segala  anak  raja- 
raja  :  he  stopped  and  faced  the  princes ;  Ht. 
Ind.  Jaya. 

Hadapkan  and  menghadapkan  :  to  set  in  front, 
to  place  in  front ;  Ht.  Abd.,  316. 

Mengadap  or  menghadap :  to  be  in  the 
presence  of;  to  be  in  front  of; — used  especially 
of  being  ^'in  the  presence,*'  of  a  king.  Masok 
m, :  to  be  admitted  to  audience. 

hara.  Ham-hara  or  hiru-hara :  all  sorts  of 
disturbance ;  uproar.  Burong  haru-hara :  a 
bird  (unidentified);  Ht.  Hamz.,  3.     See  haru. 


i^j^    haras.     See  aras^  I.  and  II. 


lTJ 


UV 


haris.      A 

hdrith. 


husbandman.      Better     (Arab.) 


hartlS.  I.  Stream,  current,  freshet.  Aku  di- 
bawa  uleh  harus  ka4engah  laut :  I  was  borne 
by  the  current  to  mid-ocean  ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. 
Ayer  pasang  harus-nya  terlalu  deras  :  the  tide 
was  rising  and  the  current  was  running  very 
strong;  Pel.  Abd.,  11.  Bagai  galah  di4engah 
harus  :  like  a  boat-pole  in  mid-stream  (shaking 
from  end  to  end) ;  Prov.,  J.  S,  A.  S.,  XXIV., 
97.  Songsong  h. :  the  name  of  a  shell,  murex 
ternispina. 


II.  Fitting,  proper,  right.  Anak  yang  dB- 
mikiyan  itu  tiyada  harus  sa-kali-kali  iya  diyam 
di'dalam  negeri-ku :  it  is  not  right  that  such 
a  son  should  go  on  living  in  my  kingdom  ; 
Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  5.  Bahwa  sa-harus-nya-lah 
barang'dimana  suwami-nya  di-situ-lah  isteri-nya : 
it  is  most  fitting  that  where  the  husband  is, 
there  should  the  wife  be  also. 


^jVto   harang. 

^  arang,  q. 


Charcoal,     charcoal-dust  ;      better 


£  Afc    harong.     Wading,   traversing  (water)  ;  better 
w^  arojtg,  q.  v. 


JjU 


OJ 


jU 


harap.  Hoping,  confiding,  trusting.  Harap 
ada]  perchaya  tidak  :  hoping  but  not  expecting ; 
Prov.  Harap-lah  engkau  kapada  Allah  :  put 
your  trust  in  God ;  Ht.  Abd.,  192. 

Berapa    tinggi  pokok  pinang^ 

Tinggi   lagi  asap   api ; 

Berapa   tinggi  Gunong   Ledang^ 

Tinggi   lagi  harap   hati : 

high  though  the  areca  palm  may  be,  the 
smoke  of  a  fire  will  rise  above  it ;  and  great 
though  the  height  of  Mount  Ophir  may  be, 
human  ambition  will  rise  still  higher. 

Harapan  :  trust ;  trusted.     Harapi  :  to  trust. 


3  \^    harip.     Sleepy  ;  Sh. 
^  Also  arip. 


Bid.,  87  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 


\j^    harok.     See  ham, 
\jf^    haram.     See  hardm. 


^  harum.  Aroma,  perfume,  fragrance.  Bunga 
yang  amat  harum  itti :  that  very  fragrant 
flower ;  Ht.  Abd.,  79.  Ban  yang  h, :  a  fragrant 
odour ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  138.  Keharuman : 
fragrance;  Bint.  Timor,  16  Jan,,  1895. 


harau.     I.  To  pull  in  hand  over  hand  as  one 
pulls  in  a  fishing-line. 

II.     See  haru. 


\j^    haru,     I.      Confusion,    uproar,    disturbance ; 

•^^  the  creation  of  a  disturbance  ;  putting   into 

confusion  or  upsetting  ;  plaguing  or  annoying. 

Haru  hara  :  a  noisy  disturbance  ;  an  uproar, 

Ht.  Isk.  Dz.     Menjadi  haru  hara 

there  rose  an  uproar  all  over  the 

Sh.    Kub.      Kita   di-dalam  haru 

we   are    all   in    confusion ;     Sh. 

HarU'biru  :  uproar  ;  Ht.   Abd,, 

dan  kata  haru-biru :  confused  or 

more   noise   than   sense  in 

Orang  haru-biru :  a  rowdy; 


a  clamour  ; 
sa4si  ^dlani 
world ;   Ht. 
dan    hara  , 
Bur.  Pungg. 
248.     Tutor 
noisy   language ; 
speech;  Sh.  Nas.,  9. 


Ht.  Best.     The  form  huru  hara  also  occurs. 

In  the  sense  of  annoyance  the  forms  harok 
and  harau  also  occur.  Di-haru  shaitdn  or 
di-harau  shaitdn  :  plagued  by  an  evil  spirit ; 
Muj.,  82.  Bahwa  Shaitdn-lah  mengharu  raja  : 
it  is  a  demon  who  is  afflicting  the  prince ;  Sej. 
Mai.,  89. 


HARI 


[    683    ] 


HAMA 


II-  Ikan  haruwan  :  a  small  fresh-water  fish  ; 
ophiocephalus  ptmctatus.     From  hanif  I.  ? 

t5jVfi>  hari.  A  day  (either  of  twelve  daylight  hours 
or  of  twenty-four  in  all).  Maka  hart-pun 
malam-lah  :  it  was  night-time  ;  Gr.  Cr.,  80, 
Sa-hari  sa-malam  lama-nya  di-laut :  he  was  a 
day  and  a  night  eit  sea;  Ht.  Abd,  219. 
Siyang  lu  :  daytime.  Malam  h,  :  night-time. 
Sa-telah  hari  siyang  :  when  it  was  daylight. 
Sa-panjang  h,  :  all  day  ;  the  whole  day.  Hari 
ahad:  Sunday.  Tengah  h. :  midday.  Petang  h. : 
evening.  Telah  h.  lingsir  :  when  the  day  was 
closing  ;  Ht.  Perb.  Jaya.  Dini-hari  :  the  dawn. 
Mata-hari  :  the  sun.  Keesokan  h,  :  the  morrow. 

Hari  raya  :  a  holiday,  a  festival  day,  H,  raya 
besar  :  the  great  festival  immediately  after  the 
fasting  month.  H,  raya  kechil  or  h.  raya  hdji  : 
a  festival  of  minor  importance  when  all  those 
who  have  performed  the  pilgrimage  to  Mecca 
appear  in  Arab  dress.  Berhari-raya  :  to  make 
a  festival  of  anything ;  to  hold  high  festival. 

H,  bulan:  the  day  of  the  month.  Sa-hari 
bulan  :  the  first  day  of  the  month  (especially 
of  the  lunar  month).  Laksdna  bulan  empat  belas 
hari  :  like  the  fourteen-day-old  moon — glow- 
ing with  beauty.  Sa-hari  bulan  dahi-nya  itu  : 
with  brows  like  the  one-day-old  moon.  Tiga 
hari  bulan  September  :  the  third  day  of  the 
month  of  September. 

Sa-hari  :  a  day.  Sa-hari-hari  :  every  day.  Sa- 
hari-hariyan  :  id.  ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.;  Sh.  Sg. 
Kanch.,  13.  Ber hari-hariyan  :  in  the  daytime ; 
Pel.  Abd.,  42.  Lat  sa-hari  or  selang  sa-hari  : 
every  other  day  ;  every  alternate  day. 

Xtb    hasut.     See  asut. 


hashim.     Arab,     A  proper  name. 

hangat.  Hot ;  warmth,  whether  of  fire  or 
water  ;  the  glow  of  metal.  Habu  h,  :  hot  ashes, 
cinders  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  386.  Jangan  di-genggam 
bar  a,  rasa  hangat  di-lepaskan :  do  not  grasp 
burning  embers,  you  will  drop  them  on  feel- 
ing the  heat ;  Prov.,  Marsd.  Gr.,  210. 

hangit.  Scorching,  singeing.  Ban  h,  :  the 
smell  of  burning  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  61  ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  7. 

hangUS.  Burning;  being  on  fire;  being 
consumed  by  fire.  Berhala  sakaliyan  hangus  : 
all  the  idols  were  burnt ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  5«. 
telah  di-bakar  hangus  menjadi  habu :  when  she 
had  been  burnt  to  ashes  ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  109. 
Hauguskan :  to  burn  up ;  to  consume  or 
destroy  by  fire  ;  Ht.  Abd,,  477.  Menghangus- 
kan :  id. ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  126. 


hapit.     Pressure  between  two  surfaces, 
ally  apit,  q.  v. 


Usu- 


hapus.     Expunging ;  wiping  out.     See  apus, 
hapak.     Foul  or  rank  in  smell.     Also  apak. 


J3\a    hapek.     Neat,  spruce ;  Ht.  Nakh.   Muda,   36. 
Also   apek, 

UT         hapal.         A  colloquial  variant  of  iab- ,  q.  v. 

\\jb  hala.  Direction,  tendency.  Ta'-tentu  h» :  in 
no  particular  direction ;  aimless,  of  speech. 
Menuju  ka-pulau  Langkapiiri  hala-nya  itu  :  their 
course  was  bent  for  the  island  Langkapuri; 
Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Tanah  yang  berhala  ka-kota : 
the  land  lying  in  the  direction  of  the  fort ;  Ht, 
Mar.  Mah. 

C-Jlfti    halit.     Smearing  the  eyelids  with  cosmetics  ; 
V.  alit, 

y^^    halir.     Flowing  ;  v.  alir. 
JvA    halor.     A  variant  of  alor,  q.  v. 


W' 


iU 


> 


-?■■ 


}U 


halus.  Fineness  ;  delicacy  of  texture.  Pisau 
h. :  a  lancet-like  knife ;  Ht.  Abd.,  300.  Ktc 
rasai  halus-nya  kulit  tangan-nya  itu  saperti 
tangan  kanak-kanak  lembut-nya :  I  felt  the 
delicacy  of  his  hand  to  be  like  that  of  the 
hand  of  a  child  in  the  softness  of  the  skin ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  119.  Behasa  h. :  refined  language. 
Pisau penyukor  h, :  a  sharp  razor;  see  ol'&o pisau, 

Haluskan :  to  render  delicate ;  to  refine  (of 
refinement  of  language)  ;  Ht,  Abd.,  485. 

halun.     I.     Ground-swell;  v.  alun. 
11.    (Penang.)     To  strike ;    cf.   balun. 

halau.  Driving  out;  expulsion.  Pipit  tuli 
makan  berhujan ;  ta' -halau,  padi  habis ;  hendak 
halaUj  kain  basah  :  the  deaf  sparrow  is  eating 
(your  padi)  in  the  rain  ;  if  you  do  not  drive 
him  away  your  rice  will  be  all  eaten  up ;  if 
you  try  to  drive  him  away  your  clothes  will 
get  wet ; — a  choice  of  evils ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A. 
S.,  II.,  147.  Galah  penghalau  lembu  :  a  long 
pole  for  driving  away  straying  oxen ;  Ht. 
Koris. 

halu.     See  haluwan. 

halai.  Confusing.  Halai-balai :  utterly  con- 
fused or  tangled  up ;  vague  self-contradictory 
ideas;  Sh.  Ung.  Bers.,  2;  Sh.  Nas.,  6;  Sh. 
May.,  10. 

Dalam   dunya   engkau  yang  lalai, 
^Ashik   dengan   nasi  dan  gulai, 
*Ilmu   akhirat  di-halai-balai, 
Dalam   nuraka   badan   tarsal  at : 

on  earth  you  were  idle  and  careless,  overcome 
by  the  joys  of  curry  and  of  rice ;  you  were 
confusedly  careless  about  your  own  salvation, 
and  your  body  will  therefore  be  roasted  in 
Hell.     See  also  balai. 


\^    hama.     (Kedah.)     A  very  small  insect;  Sh. 
f  Nas.,  6.    H.  mclayang :  a  gnat.     See  ama. 


HAMIS 


[    684    ] 


HADIYAH 


^^aVA  hamis.  Fish-scented ;  malodorous ;  that  can 
be  smelt  from  a  distance,  like  belachan  or  like 
fish-manure. 

•  \|.    hamak.     Unobliging;     unwilling    to   do    the 

^^  least  thing  to  help   another ;    gruff  and   ill- 

tempered  ;  unpleasant  to  deal  with  generally. 

,    \i^    hamun.     Indiscriminate    abuse;    the    action 
^  of  a  person  who  stands  outside  an  enemy*s 

house    and    abuses    the     inmates;    reviling. 

Maki   dan  hanmn :   insult   and   reviling ;    Ht. 

Ind.  Meng. 

W    hawa.     [Arab.    *|yb.]      Breath,  air;  affection, 

lust,  desire.  Hawa  nafsu :  sensual  desires, 
passions,  carnal  lusts.  Memcrui  hawa  nafsu : 
to  follow^  one's  fleshly  lusts.  Tiyada  mahu 
membtmoh  Daminah  itu  dengan  hawa  nafsti-kn : 
I  did  not  wish  to  slay  Daminah  solely  in  my 
wrath ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  146.  Mengeraskan 
hawa  nafsu :  to  intensify  one's  passions ;  to 
harden  one's  heart  against  the  voice  of 
conscience;  Ht.  Abd.,  262.  Hawa  apt:  the 
hot  breath  of  a  fire;  the  fumes  from  an 
eruption;  Sh.  Lamp.,  25. 


J^' 


u^y 


hawar.     (Kedah.) 
a  murrain. 


A  pestilence ;  an  epidemic ; 


haus.  I.  Lessening  by  wear;  being  con- 
sumed by  constant  friction  or  byrust;Sej. 
Mai.,  20 ;  Ht.  Abd.,  35.  Also  axis,  q.  v.  The 
word  is  also  used  (Ht.  Si  Misk.,  65)  of  eyesight 
being  ruined  by  strain. 

H.     Thirst. 


45Uto    haya.     Haya-haya  :  swaying  from  side  to  side, 
of  the  body. 

\jb    hayat.     Life.     Better  (Arab.)  haydt,  q.  v. 

\^    hayak.     Sifting,    passing    through    a    sieve 
Usually  ayak,  q.  v. 


L^i 


'\jb    hayam.     A  fowl.     Usually  ayam,  q.  v. 


f 


01^ 


^U 


hayun.     Swaying, 
ally  aytm,  q.  v. 


swinging,   rocking.     Usu- 


i-^U 


hanya.  Excepting;  saving;  unless;  only; 
but  only ;  howbeit ;  yet ;  but  if.  Karena  anak- 
ku  hanya-lah  sa-orang  :  for  my  child  is  my  only 
child.  Kita  hanya-lah  duwa  orang :  we  are 
only  two;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  Semuwa-nya  lumpor 
ketam  hanya  di-bukit  buktt-sehaja  :  all  was  crab- 
holed  mud  (mangrove  swamp)  except  on  the 
hills;  Ht.  Abd.,  204.  Yang  mengetahuwi 
hanya-lah  A  llah  :  who  know  that  there  is  but 
one  God;  Sh.  Abd.  ML,  73.  Hanya4ah 
tinggal  lombong-nya  satu :  there  only  remained 
a  huge  hollow  (of  a  crater);  Sh.  Lamp.,  41. 

hanyut.  Drifting  along  with  the  current  or 
wherever  the  winds  and  waves  may  carry  you ; 
adrift,  afloat.  Malu  berkayoh  perahu  hanyut : 
if  you  are  ashamed  to  use  your  paddle,  the 
boat  will  drift  (downstream) ;  false  pride  is  an 


impediment;  Prov.  Malu  berdayong  perahu 
hanyut:  a  similar  proverb ;  J.  S.  A.  S.,  II.,  157. 
Hanyut  buweh  dart  hulu  sungai  PHembang  itu 
terlalu  besar :  a  huge  mass  of  froth  came  drifting 
down  from  the  upper  waters  of  the  Palembang 
River;  Sej.  Mai.,  35.  lya  mendapat  sa-orang 
budak  hanyut  berpcgang  pada  sa-keping  papan  : 
he  came  across  a  boy  adrift  in  the  w^ater, 
clinging  to  a  single  plank;  Sej.  Mai.,  131. 

Hanyutkan :  to  set  adrift ;  Muj .,  73.  Berhanyut  : 
to  be  adrift;  to  drift;  Ht.  Abd.,  415. 
Berhanyutan :  adrift ;  Ht.  Abd.,  133.  Ber- 
hanyut-hanyut :  to  keep  drifting  about  as  a  ship 
that  is  becalmed ;  Pel.  Abd.,  8. 

\j^    hanyir.     Fishy ;  foul-smelling ;  musty,  as  old 
-^  clothes. 

{S^    hubaya,     By   all  means;   on  every  account; 
*    '        in  every  way;   Ht.  Sh.   Kub.,   Sh.   Bid.,  27. 
Hubaya-hubaya  :  id. ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  237. 

*  jt>    habsM.     Arab.     Abyssinian ;    (by    extension) 
^*        negro ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  14,  89 ;  Ht.  Hamz.,  5. 

Jub    habglor.    [Pers.  ^^..]    Crystal ;  also  (Penang) 
piebald ;  v.  J^Ktu  and  abelor. 
^^a.jb    hublib.     Arab.    To  blow.    Hububan :  bellows. 

hat.     (Penang.)     As  far  as ;  up  to. 


hit.     (Penang.)     Menchari     hit:     to    seek    a 
quarrel. 


\^    hija'.     Arab.     Spelling.     Usually  pronounced 
eja,  q.  v. 

Qj^    hajrat     or     hijrat.       [Arab,     hajrat.]       The 
-^^      Flight  of  Muhammad  from  Mecca;  the  Hegira, 
A.  D.  622;  Ht.  Abd.,  3. 

4^\ J^  hidayah.  [Arab,  hiddyat,]  Right  guidance ; 
right  counsel ;  leading  along  the  right  way ; 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  374.  Dapat  h, :  to  be  warned 
in  a  dream. 

j^  hadr.  Arab.  Idle,  vain,  useless.  Matt  h.: 
to  die  without  obvious  cause ;  (by  extension) 
to  be  murdered  without  justice  being  done  on 
the  murderer.     Usually  hadar, 

•^-^  hudhud.  Arab.  Burong  hudhud  :  the  hoopoe, 
a  bird  which  plays  an  important  part  in  Arab 
tales. 

Aj>  JA  hadiyah.  [Arab,  hadiyat.]  A  gift,  a  present ; 
a  gift  from  an  inferior  to  a  superior  (according 
to  Marsden)  but  often  used  loosely  of  any  gift. 
Tiyap-tiyap  surat  yang  di-kirimkan  itu  ada-lah 
dengan  hadiyah-nya  :  every  letter  that  was  sent 
was  accompanied  by  a  present,  Ht.  Abd.,  91. 
Wangh.:  money  gifts;  Ht.  Abd.,  35.  Ada- 
pun  hadiyah-nya  itu  rotan  dan  puji-pujiyan-nya 
itu  maki :  his  gifts  were  rattan-blows  and  his 
praise  was  abuse  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  35. 


H^RBATA 


[    685    ] 


HARIMAU 


OujA    hSrbata.     Noise,    disturbance,    uproar ;    Sh. 
Panj.  Sg. 

hdrbab  or  harbab.  A  viol ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. ; 
Ht.  Raj.  SuL,  6;  Ht.  P.  J.  P.     Usually  rebak 

hgrta  or  harta.  [Skr.  artha,]  Property, 
wealth.  Herta-nya  banyak :  he  had  much 
property ;  his  wealth  was  great, 

Herta   dunya  jangan   tamd\ 
Kalau   matt   tidak   di-ikut  : 

covet  not  the  riches  of  this  world  which  do  not 
attend  you  if  you  die. 

hgrat.  Constriction,—^,  g,,  of  the  constriction 
of  the  waist  by  a  belt,  Sh,  Panj.  Sg.     Cf.  rat. 

hertawan.  [Adjectival  form  of  herta,  q.  v.] 
Wealthy ;  possessed  of  property.  Also  artawan, 

hartal.  A  kind  of  yellow  face-powder  applied 
in  order  to  improve  the  complexion  and  washed 
off  shortly  after  application. 

hferdek.  Strong  reproof ;  censure ;  punish- 
ment by  reproving  words, — used  of  a  teacher's 
censure  of  an  idle  boy,  Ht.  Abd.,  24. 


hgreng.      The  vulture, 
and  ereng. 


Also    no'reng,    reng 


herek.  Mengherek :  to  shriek,  to  cry  out 
with  pain. 

harkal.  Arab.  The  Byzantine  Emperor 
Heraclius.  Hikdyat  perang  raja  H. :  the  story 
of  the  war  with  the  Emperor  Heraclius ; 
a  Malay  version  of  an  old  Arabic  or  Persian 
tale. 

Afj^    hgrkula.     A  tree  (unidentified) ;   Ht.  Sh. 

jS/i  hgrga  or  harga.  [Skr.  argha,]  Price, 
monetary  value.  Segala  benda  masing-masing 
ada-lah  dengan  herga-nya :  everything  was 
priced  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  23.  Memberi  hadiyah  sehaja 
dengan  tiyada  berherga :  to  give  as  a  present 
and  not  at  a  price  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  12.  Hergakan  : 
to  appraise;  to  price;  Ht.  Mash.,  25. 


harglong.  An  "orlong,"  a  measure  =  80 
yards  linear  measure  or  6,400  square  yards 
superficial  measure.     Also  orlong  and  relong, 

hSram.     Sitting  on  eggs,  of  a  fowl.     See  erani, 

hurmuz.     Pers.     Ormus,  in  the  Persian  Gulf. 

hurmtizi.  Pers.  Appertaining  to  Ormus  ;  of 
Ormus.  Benuwa  h, :  the  land  of  Ormus  ;  Ht. 
Kal.  Dam.,  339. 


•j^  jb    haruwan.     Ikan  haruwan  :  a  small  fresh-water 
'^^^      fish,  ophiocephalut  punctatus,    H,  tasek  :  a  salt- 
water fish,  elacate  nigra. 


jX^  harimau.  A  generic  name  for  wild  felidae; 
a  tiger,  leopard,  or  large  wild-cat ;  a  type  of 
the  strong  and  ferocious  in  proverb  or  fable. 
H,  beranak  muda  :  a  tiger  with  young  cubs ;  a 
particularly  savage  character  ;  Prov.  H.  sem- 
btmyikan  kuku  :  the  tiger  is  hiding  his  claws ; 
the  velvet  glove  covers  a  hand  of  iron ;  Prov. 
H.  bertempek  ta'-makan  orang :  a  tiger  that 
dashes  forward  but  eats  nobody  ;  a  man  whose 
bark  is  worse  than  his  bite;  Prov.  Anak 
harimau  menjadi  kuching  :  a  tiger's  cub  becom- 
ing a  cat ;  a  great  man's  son  taking  to  ignoble 
occupations;  Prov.  Kechil-kechil  anak  harimau : 
very  small  but  a  tiger's  cub  for  all  that ;  young, 
but  showing  signs  of  future  greatness ;  Prov. 
Ta'-akan  harimau  makan  anak-nya :  a  tiger  does 
not  prey  on  his  young ;  a  plunderer  respects 
the  property  of  other  plunderers ;  Prov. 
Harimau  mati  tinggal  belang-nya :  when  a 
tiger  dies  his  striped  skin  remains  ;  the  evil 
that  men  do  lives  after  them ;  Prov.  Sudah 
masok  ka-dalam  mulut  harimau  :  he  has  entered 
the  tiger's  mouth  (and  is  not  likely  to  get 
away) ;  he  has  gone  to  certain  death  or  ruin  ; 
Prov.  Saperti  kambing  dengan  harimau :  like 
the  goat  and  the  tiger  ;  like  the  wolf  and  the 
lamb ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  277.  Memakai  kulit 
harimau:  to  put  on  a  tiger's  skin;  to  bluff ; 
Prov.  Harimau  di4akuti  ulch  sebab  gigi-nya  : 
the  tiger  is  feared  because  of  his  fangs  ;  a  dis- 
armed man  is  harmless  ;   Prov. 

H,  akar :  a  large  tiger-cat  with  yellow  and 
black  markings  ;   Ht,  Abd.,  77. 

H.'dlam:  "  Tiger  of  the  World,"  a  title  for 
a  distinguished  warrior  ;  Ht.  Sh.  Mard. 

H,  Allah  :  "Tiger  of  God,"  a  title  given  to 
Ali,  the  son-in-law  of  Muhammad;  Ht.  Md. 
Hanaf.,  76.     Cf.  asad, 

H,  belang  rintek  :  a  tiger-cat  with  small  cir- 
cular spots. 

H.  belang  chechak  :  the  common  greyish  tiger 
cat  with  black  spots. 

H.  belang  kasau  :  (Riau,  Johor)  the  common 
tiger,  the  striped  tiger,  felts  tigris. 

H.  belang  tebuwan :  a  leopard  with  ring-like 
markings  ;  the  *' yellow  panther;  "  felis pardus. 
Also  h,  bintang. 

H,  bintang  :  v.  supra. 

H.  buloh  :  a  panther;  Marsd. 

H.  dahan :  a  large  tiger-cat  or  small  tree- 
leopard  ;  leopardus  macrocedus. 

H.  jadi-jadiyan :  a  were-tiger ;  a  man  in  tiger's 
form. 

H.  kumbang  :  the  black  panther ;  felis  pardus, 
var.  niger. 

H.  lalat :  a  peculiar  jumping  spider. 

H.  tarum  :   a  large  black  panther. 

H.  telap  :  a  spotted  tree-leopard  (unidentified). 

H.  terong  kasau  or  h.  torang  kasau  :  (Kedah) 
the  royal  tiger ;  felis  tigris. 

Tulang  harimau  menangis  :  the  manubrium. 

Uban  tahi  h. :  the  colour  of  the  hair  when 
just  getting  grey  or  when  nearly  white. 


86 


HIS 


[    686     ] 


HALKUM 


M^rimau :  to  behave  naughtily,  of  a  child. 
Also  rimau. 

fj^    his.     An  interjection  ;  =  fye,  for  shame. 

hasta  or  hgsta.  [Skr.  hasta,]  A  Malay 
cubit ;  the  length  of  the  forearm  from  elbow 
to  finger-tip.  Chakapan  sa-jengkal  di-bawa  satu 
hhta  :  give  him  three  inches  of  words  and  he 
will  carry  off  a  cubit ;  give  him  the  least  open- 
ing for  criticism  and  he  will  take  your  whole 
character  away  ;  Prov. 

hang.  I.  (Kedah.)  You  ;  the  pronoun  of  the 
second  person  singular,  =  (Riau,  Johor)  engkau 
or  kau  ;  and  (Menangkabau)  ang. 

Hang  pa  :  you  (plural);  you  all.  In  literature 
hang  occurs :  Ht.  Mar.  Mah. 

II.  An  ancient  titular  prefix  to  the  names 
of  men  of  some  distinction,  e.g.,  Hang  Tuwah, 
Hang  Jibat. 

III.  (Onom.)     A  deep  breath. 

IV.  A  matchan  or  platform  for  tiger-hunters 
in  the  branches  of  a  tree. 


t 


CiSJ^ 


hong.  L  The  Sanskrit  and  Buddhist  Om,  a 
word  of  mysterious  import  sometimes  used  by 
Malay  witchdoctors  (pawangs)  in  their  incanta- 
tions. 

II.  Tikam  kaki  hong  :  to  draw  a  Wah-weh 
lottery. 

heng.     A  cry  directing  an  elephant  to  turn. 

hongkong.  Hongkong.  Kireta  h.  :  (Singa- 
pore) a  jinrikisha. 

hingga.  Limit,  boundary ;  as  far  as,  until, 
up  to.  H.  pada  masa  ini :  up  to  the  present 
time.  Dari  atas  hingga  ka-bawah  :  from  the 
top  to  the  bottom.  Hingga  ka-dalam  taman 
puteri  :  even  into  the  princess's  garden. 

Sa-hingga :  until.  S a -hingga  pukul  mam 
petang :  until  six  in  the  evening.  Sa-hingga 
merah'lah  keduwa  pipi-nya :  until  both  her 
cheeks  were  red. 

Perhinggaan  :  boundary,  limit ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak., 
144.  Tiyada  perhinggaan  :  limitless,  boundless. 
Tiyada  terhingga :  id.;  Sh.  Rej.,  17;  Sh.  Sg. 
Kanch.,  8.     Cf.  also  perenggan. 

hinggut.  (Kedah.)  Swaying  backwards  and 
forwards,  as  a  rower  at  the  oar  ;  swaying  from 
side  to  side  as  a  tree.  Laksana  buwah  masak 
lum,  di'hinggut  perdu  luroh  sendiri :  like  a 
fully-ripe  fruit  which  falls  when  the  stem 
is  shaken  ;  just  of  the  right  age  or  in  the  right 
state ;  Prov.  Ta'-usah  gonchang,  ta'-usah 
hinggut,  tiyada  tirchabut :  it  is  no  use  shakmg 
the  trunk  from  below  or  the  branches  from 
above,  the  tree  is  not  to  be  uprooted  ;  Prov. 
Gonchang  is  used  of  shaking  a  tree-trunk  and 
so  shaking  down  the  fruit,  hinggut  of  a  boy 
who  gets  up  into  the  branches  of  a  tree  and 
shakes  them  so  that  the  fruit  falls. 


..i^ 


■•Aft 


Terhinggiit'hinggut :  swaying  from  side  to 
side  ;  rocking  ;  a  consequential  swagger  or 
strut, 

hinggap.  Perching,  settling  ;  alighting,  of  a 
bird.  Maka  burong  pipit  hinggap  di-atas  chula 
naga  Antaboga:  the  sparrow  settled  on  the 
horn  of  the  dragon  Antaboga ;  Ht.  Ind,  Jaya. 
Akhir-nya  iya  hinggap  di-belakang  k^rbau  juga  : 
it  (the  bangau  bird)  always  settles  in  the  end 
on  the  buffalo's  back ;  a  plebeian  may  rise 
very  high  but  he  will  at  times  betray  his 
plebeian  origin  ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  115. 

hanggok.     A  variant  of  anggok,  q.  v. 


hinggu. 

q.  V. 


[Skr.,  id.]   Asafoetida.    Often  inggu, 


hap.  (Onom.)  A  dry  cough;  the  sound  made 
by  a  man  who  tries  to  cough  up  something 
that  is  tickling  his  throat.  Hap-hap :  id., 
frequentative. 

hapsel.  A  shell  imported  from  Celebes ; 
harpa  conoidalis;  =  (English)  harp  shell  ? 

hak.  Hok'hak  :  speaking  inconsequently  and 
at  random. 

hok.     I.     (Chin.?)     Bunga    hok  :   a    peculiar 
pattern  in  cloth ;  KL,  v.  d.  W. 
II.  See  hak. 


halamang. 

lamang. 


A     heavy      broadsword ;      also 


halaman.  A  lawn  or  open  space  in  front  of 
a  house  or  palace ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  171,  415.  Also  alaman  and 
laman, 

halba.      [Arab.  c-J>-  ]  An    aromatic   plant ; 
fcenum  gr cecum  ;  Muj.,  48. 

hulubalang.  A  military  officer;  a  leading 
warrior  or  champion.  Pakaiyan  h.  :  uniform ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  223.  M^nteri  h. :  civil  and  military 
officers.    See  hulu. 

hulubangsa.  Original ;  the  original  home  of 
a  tribe  or  nation. 

halban  or  halSban.  Kayu  haleban:  a  tree 
with  light  blue  flowers,  vitex  pubescens.  Also 
leban. 

hSlat.  Alternate,  intervening.  Also  elat  and 
lat. 

hSlang.     A  hawk  or  kite ;  usually  lang^  q.  v. 

halkah.    A  horse-collar. 

halkum.     [Arab.  htUk4m>]     Throat,  gullet. 


HALILINTAR 


687    ] 


HAMBA 


>uiU 


halilintar.     A  thunderbolt ;  a  flash  of  hght- 
ning.     Usually  halintar. 


-:j^    halintar.     A  thunderbolt ;  a  flash  of  lightning; 
J"  Sej.    Mai.,    15.    Bagai  halintar  membilah  bumi 

bunyi'fiya  :  in  sound  as  when  the  earth  is 
riven  by  a  thunderbolt ;  Ht.  Gul.  Bak.,  94. 
Panah  h, :  a  thunderbolt ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
Batu  h.  :  fossil  stone  implements,  believed  by 
Malays  to  be  portions  of  a  thunderbolt. 

^^^^    halintah.     A  horse-leech.    Usually  lintah,  q.  v. 

jjtto  holanda.  Dutch,  Hollander.  Peranakkan  h. : 
of  Dutch  birth.  Sa-buwah  per  aim  h,  :  a  Dutch 
ship  ;  Ht.  Abd,,  12. 


\> 


^^ 


halwa.      [Arab.  y>-.]     A  generic  name  given 

to  fruits  preserved  in  sugar,  to  jams,  jellies 
and  confectionery  in  general ;  Ht.  Abd,,  177, 
292,  303 ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.  H.  agar-agar : 
sea- weed  jelly.  H.  pala  :  nutmegs  preserved 
in  syrup. 

haloba.  Greed,  covetousness ;  to  covet. 
Dengan  haloba  tamd'-nya :  through  his  covetous- 
ness and  greed ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.     Tama'  hilang 

rnalu,  haloba  dapat  kebinasaan  :  greed  is  shame- 
less ;  covetousness  brings  ruin ;  Prov. 

haluwan.  The  bows  of  a  boat ;.  the  forepart 
of  anything ;  the  course  of  a  ship  ;  the  line  of 
fire  of  guns.  Turun-lah  kanii  ka-sampan,  dudok- 
lah  aku  di'haliiwan  :  we  all  embarked  on  the 
boat  and  I  took  my  seat  in  the  bows;  Ht. 
Abd.,  455.  Aleh  haluwan  ka4aiit :  to  turn  the 
boat's  head  out  to  sea. 

H.  kepala  biyola :  fiddle  bows. 

H.  tegak  :     straight  bows. 

Haluwan  is  also  used  of  a  subject's  present 
when  brought  to  a  prince. 

hSlai.  A  classifier  or  numeral  coefficient  used 
with  words  which  are  the  names  of  thin 
tenuous  objects  such  as  sheets  of  paper,  blades 
of  grass,  garments,  etc.  Baju  sa-helai :  a 
coat ;  Ht.  Abd.,  397.  Sa-helai  seluwar  :  a  pair 
of  trousers;  Ht.  Abd.,  314.  Dalam  sa-puloh 
helai  di-bacha-nya  tiga  atau  enipat :  out  of  some 
ten  pages  he  read  three  or  four ;  Ht.  Abd.,  87. 
Bergantong  rambut  sa-helai:  hanging  from  a 
single  hair;  a  precarious  or  dangerous  posi- 
tion ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  15.  Tinggal  sa-helai 
sa-pinggang  :  to  have  one  garment  left  for  one 
waist ;  to  be  left  with  nothing  but  the  clothes 
one  is  standing  in ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  288,  365. 


VJufc  haliya.  Ginger,  zingiber  officinalis.  Haliya 
tiyada  tumboh :  the  ginger  (when  planted) 
does  not  grow, — a  rhyming  equivalent  for 
setiya  tiyada  tegoh  :  her  troth  (when  plighted) 
is  insecure ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.,  Ht.  Ind.  Nata, 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub.    Ayer  h. : ginger  syrup ;  Muj.,  51. 

H.  hutan :  a  plant,  globba  sp.  H.  bara  or 
h,  padiy  and  h.  nasi  or  h.  china  :  varieties  of 
ginger. 


> 


jSr       haleja.     A  kind  of  cloth. 

*  jJUfc    halipan.     A  generic  name  for  centipedes;  Ht. 

^  Abd.,  88,   208,   284.     In   colloquial  language 

usually  lipan, 

H.  bara :  a  centipede  with  a  very  dark  back 
and  light  coloured  stomach  and  legs;  it  is 
reputed  very  venomous  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  208. 

H.  laut :  a  sea  centipede  ;  a  nereis. 

H.  pahan  :  the  common  house-centipede. 

H.  pesan-pesan :  a  very  venomous  centipede 
(according  to  Marsden)  ;  in  Riau  pesan-pesan 
is  a  venomous  spider. 

H.  tanah :  a  common  centipede  which  is  dug 
out  of  the  earth. 

H.  tandok  :  an  unidentified  variety. 

Jari  h.  :  a  pattern  made  by  cutting  trailers 
diagonally  from  the  midrib  of  a  palm  leaf. 

rys^  halimun.  Invisibility ;  the  magic  art  of 
rendering  oneself  invisible  or  of  rendering 
objects  transparent.  Jika  aku  hendak  hali- 
munan  ta'-dapat-tiyada  aku  mati  juga  di-bunoh 
orang  :  if  even  I  could  render  myself  invisible 
I  should  meet  a  violent  death  at  the  hands  of 
others;  Sej.  Mai.,  56. 


f 


ham  or  hem.     Onom.     Hum  ;  h'm. 

A    hum.     I.     Arab.     They;    the   third    personal 
\        plural  pronoun. 

IL  Arab.  A  possessive  pronominal  suffix* 
of  the  third  person  plural  in  the  genitive  and 
accusative  cases. 

III.  To  sew  cloth  or  silk  on  the  edge 
of  a  mat. 


Jb    huram.     Arab.     Care,  depression. 

c^  hamba.  A  slave ;  a  self-depreciatory  expres- 
sion often  used  by  an  inferior  in  addressing  a 
superior,  cf.  schaya  and  beta  (less  humble  ex- 
pressions) and  patek  and  pachal  (terms  of 
greater  humility).  H.  tuwan,  h.  datok,  h.  enchek, 
etc.:  **my  lord's  servant,  I,  myself; — terms 
used  to  superiors  of  different  ranks.  Orang 
menjuwal  hamba  :  a  slave-dealer ;  Ht.  Abd.,  18. 

H.  A  llah :  God's  slaves ;  God's  poor ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  25,  209. 

H.  kompeni :  convicts  (in  the  early  days  of 
Singapore) ;  Ht.  Abd.,  326. 

H.  raja  :  slaves  of  the  Sovereign. 

H.  sehaya :  slaves  of  all  grades ;  slaves  gene- 
rally. 

Berhamba :  (i)  possessed  of  slaves ;  Ht.  Abd., 
16 ;  (2)  to  serve ;  Sh.  Abd.  ML,  83. 

Berhambakan :  to  receive  as  a  servant  or 
slave ;  to  reduce  to  slavery;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb,,  Ht. 
Koris.  Perhambakan  and  memperhambakan : 
id.;  Sh.  Lail  Mejn.,  18;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  4; 
Ht.  Ind,  Nata;  Ht.  Mash.  Memperhambakan 
diri :  to  give  oneself  as  a  slave ;  (by  extension 
of  meaning)  to  marry. 


H&MBACHANG 


[    688    ] 


HAMPAR 


J^ 


J^ 


u^ 


Di-perhamha :  to  be  a  slave,  to  be  in  service. 
Yang'di-perhamba :  your  servant. 

Kehambaan :  slavery;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

hdmbachang.  The  horse-mango,  mangifera 
fcetida.  Also  bachang,  machang,  membachang, 
etc. 

hSmbalang.  Rolling  or  tumbling  along; 
rolling  over  and  over  as  a  ball  when  running 
along  the  ground.  Batti  itu-pun  tSrhembalang- 
lah :  the  rocks  came  rolling  down ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Kub.  Also:  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. ; 
Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  149. 

h6mbalau.  Lac,  solder,  sealing-wax.  Also 
embalau,  q.  v.,  and  (Kedah)  malati. 

hanxbat.  Pursuit,  chasing,  rushing  after. 
Patek  sakaliyan  di-hambat  geroda :  we  are  all 
being  pursued  by  a  griffin  ;  Sh.  Bid.,  3.  Ber- 
perang  hambat  berhambat :  to  fight,  pursuing 
and  pursued ;  a  running  fight ;  Sh.  Pr.  Ach., 
17.  Lari  berhambat  hambatan :  to  run  after 
one  another  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  45. 

hSnibat.     Swishing,  whipping;  =  embat,  q.  v. 

hambar.  I.  Tastelessness,  insipidity,  lack 
of  flavour.     Also  arnbar, 

n.  [Arab.  'anbar.'\  A  generic  name  given 
to  a  number  of  viscous  substances  in  use  in 
the  Malay  pharmacopoeia.     Also  ambar,  q.  v. 

haxnbor.  I.  Strewing,  dropping  down,  scat- 
tering. Hambor-hambor :  largesse  ;  coin  scat- 
tered into  a  crowd;  gifts  of  small  coins  or 
tokens  when  distributed  on  a  large  scale. ^ 
Hamboran  :  id. ;  Sh.  Bid.,  127.  Hamborkan  : 
to  scatter  (e.g.,  flowers  or  largesse  or  gems) ; 
Sh.  Jur.  Bud.,  41 ;  Sh.  Bid.,  127.  Mengham- 
borkan :  id. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  Berhamboran  : 
strown,  scattered  about  the  ground ;  dropping, 
of  tears ;  flowing,  of  blood  or  perspiration  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  15,  285;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.;  Sh.  Sri 
Ben.,  4;  J.  I.  A.,  I.,  81.  Mmghambor :  to 
spread,  to  spread  out ;  to  drop,  of  words 
"dropping"  from  the  lips.  M.  behana:  to 
allow  one's  voice  to  flow  out ;  (poetically)  to 
speak;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  117.  Menghambori 
bihana:  id.;  Sh.  Lail.  Mejn.,  15,  32. 
Terhambor :  fallen  out,  dropped.  Saperti 
mutiyara  yang  tBrhambor  daripada  karangannya  : 
like  pearls  fallen  from  their  settings:  Ht. 
Abd.,  79. 

Also  ambor. 

n.  To  spring  or  curvet  or  prance,  of  a 
horse ;  to  leap,  of  a  tiger ;  Ht.  Abd.,  78,  107. 

hdmbus.  Blowing,  pufiing,  making  a  current 
of  air.  Hembusan :  bellows.  Hembuskan : 
to  blow  (with  the  breath)  at  anything, 
e.g.,  as  one  blows  out  a  light  or  on  food  to 
make  it  cold ;  Ht.  Sh. ;  Muj.,  74.  Menghem- 
bus-hembus  nafas-itya :  to  snort  violently,  to 
breathe  hard, — of  a  frightened  horse;  Ht. 
Abd.,  78.     Also  embus, 

I.  Thus  at  the  funeral  of  the  late  Sultan  Abubakar  of 
Johor  each  guest  was  presented  with  a  small  gold  or  silver 
token  stamped  with  the  word  '•  ambor-ambor,"  a  survival  of 
the  idea  of  scattering  gold  and  silver  in  largesse. 


fj^    himbas.     A  variant  of  imbas,  q.  v. 
ij^^    humbas.     A  variant  of  umbas,  q.  v. 
*jb    hambong.     The  surge  or  swell  of  the  waves ; 


j^ 


ambong,  II. 


hambal.     A  thick  plain  rug  used  as  a  mattress 
or  cushion  ;  Ht.  Koris.     Also   ambaL 


rj^    humban.     Humban  tali :  Sikind  of  sling.     Also 
untban. 


^ 


k^ 


himbau.  To  throw  a  stick  not  as  one  throws 
a  spear  but  by  grasping  one  end  of  it  and  send- 
ing it  boomerang-like  through  the  air.  The 
word  is  used  especially  of  throwing  a  stick  into 
the  branches  of  a  tree  so  as  to  knock  down 
fruit. 


himmat.  Arab.  Solicitude,  care,  anxiety, 
trouble.  Dengan  bBberapa  himmat  ndkhodd : 
by  dint  of  great  care  on  the  captain's  part ; 
Pel.  Abd.,  142.  Salah  h. :  a  dilemma ;  a 
choice  of  evils.     See  also  himat. 


hamzah.    Arab.     The 
known  diacritical  mark 


name    of  the    well- 


Ua^ 


hampa  or  hSmpa.  Lacking  contents,  empty, 
hollow,  idle,  useless,  worthless.  Di-lihat-nya 
lukah-nya  hhnpa :  he  saw  that  his  fish-traps 
were  empty;  Sej.  Mai.,  55.  Btimi yang  hempa 
yang  tiyada  orang  diyam-diyami :  a  desolate 
land  and  one  that  men  do  not  inhabit ;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah.  Pergi  hempa  sehaja :  to  go  to  a  place 
without  obtaining  what  one  went  for;  Bint. 
Tim.,  23  Feb,,  95.  Jangan  lama  sangat  takhta 
baginda  hempa  :  let  not  the  king's  throne  lack 
an  occupant  too  long  ;  Ht.  Koris.  Hempakan 
'ddil :  to  bring  justice  to  nought ;  to  ignore  the 
right ;  Sh.  Peng.,  26. 

hamput.     A  variant  of  amput,  q.  v. 


cJt?  hSmpit  or  himpit.  I.  Squeezing ;  wedging 
in  between  two  surfaces ;  Sh.  Lamp.,  8 ;  J.  S. 
A.  S.,  XXIV.,  105. 

11.     (Kedah.)   Shy,  of  a  horse  or  other  animal. 
Badak  h. :  a  small  species  of  tapir. 

^At^  hfimpSdal.  The  gizzard.  Also  empedal  and 
pedal, 

aAL^  hfimpSdu.  The  gall.  Pundi-pundih,  :  the  gall 
bladder.  Tirlebeh  pahit  daripada  h, :  more 
bitter  than  gall ;  Ht.  Abd.,  42. 

j^  hampar ,  Spreading  over  a  flat  surface ;  spread- 
ing out.  Baginda  menyurohkan  orang  hampar 
khaimah-nya  itu :  the  king  ordered  his  tent  to 
be  opened  out  for  his  use;  Ht.  Koris.  Batu 
h, :  bed-rock. 


HAMPIB 


[    689    ] 


RANTING 


^ 


{J**^^ 


U^ 

(.J***^ 


Hcimparan  :  a  carpet ;  a  mat ;  matting  of  any 
sort ;  any  floor-covering  ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.;  Ht. 
Koris  ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  69 ;  Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  4. 

Harnparkan :  to  spread  out,  to  stretch  out. 
Menghamparkan  :  id.  H.  iikar  :  to  spread  out  a 
mat ;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  4.  M.  sayap  :  to  ex- 
tend its  wings,  of  a  bird;  Ht.  Raj,  SuL,  i; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub.,  8. 

Terhampar :  stretched  out  or  spread  out  ; 
lying  so  as  to  expose  a  large  amount  of  surface  ; 
lying  on  one's  face  or  back.  Pasir-nya  terlalu 
puteh  saperti  katn  terhampar  :  its  sand  was  very 
white  as  though  a  cloth  had  been  spread  out 
(over  the  ground) ;  Sej.  Mai.,  46.  Terhampar 
ka-darat :  cast  ashore,  of  a  ship-wrecked 
man  ;  Sh.  A.  R.  S.  J.,  6. 

hampir.  Proximity,  near,  hard  by.  //.  sa- 
rupa  huntf :  nearly  identical  with  letters;  very 
like  human  writing;  Ht.  Abd.,  21.  Tiyada 
berani  hajnpir  ka-pada  sarang  lebah  itu :  not 
daring  to  go  near  that  hive ;  Ht.  Abd,,  25. 
Bimting  hampir  beranak :  near  the  term  of 
pregnancy. 

H ampir 'hampir :  very  near,  about  up  to. 
H,-h.  peiigsan  :  nearly  fainting.  Hampiri  :  to 
approach,  to  near,  to  go  near  to ;  Ht.  Abd., 
247;  Sh.  Nas.,  3.  Menghampiri:  id.;  Ht. 
Gul  Bak.,  7,  24,  49.  Hampirkan :  to  keep 
close  to  one,  to  get  close  to ;  Sh.  Nas.,  g ;  Sh, 
Sg.  Kanch.,  8.  Berhampiran  :  in  the  vicinity, 
close  by ;  Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  126. 

hampas.  Dregs  ;  dross  ;  the  residuum  at  the 
bottom  of  a  cup  of  coffee ;  the  worthless  or 
inedible  part  of  anything.  H,  kofi:  coffee 
dregs.  H.  tebu :  megass ;  the  fibre  of  the 
sugar  cane  when  the  juice  has  been  crushed 
out  of  it.  H,  siitera  :  silk  dross.  Saperti  tebu, 
ayer-nya  di-makan  hampas-nya  di-buwang  :  like 
sugar-cane  of  which  one  sucks  out  the  juice 
and  throws  away  the  pith ;  to  take  out  the 
best  part  of  anything  and  then  throw  it 
away;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  59 ;  cf.  also  Ht. 
Abd.,  427;].  S.  A.  S.,  XL,  35. 

hampus.  Wiping  out,  blotting  out,  erasing. 
Also  haptcs, 

hdmpas.  Dashing  down  violently ;  dashing 
anything  against  a  hard  surface;  throwing 
down  anything  with  a  jerk.  Hempaskan  :  to 
dash  down.  Menghempaskan :  id.  Beberapa 
banyak  papan  loh  yang  pechah-pechah  di-himpas- 
kan  uleh  guru-ku  di-kepala-ku  :  many  were  the 
slates  that  were  broken  owing  to  my  teacher 
dashing  them  down  on  my  head ;  Ht.  Abd., 
22.  Menghempaskan  beban :  to  cast  down  a 
load  that  one  is  carrying ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  56. 
Menghempaskan  dirt :  to  throw  oneself  down 
on  the  ground ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Ht.  Jay. 
Lengg. ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  130, 
Menghempas  or  menghempas  diri :  to  break, 
of  waves.  Saperti  ombak  mBnghempas  bunyi- 
nya :  like  the  sound  of  waves  breaking  (on  the 
beach) ;  Ht.  Ind.  Meng. 


JL£^ 


)j^ 


O^ 


J^jwfli 


Terhempas :  dashed  down ;  fallen  violently 
against.  Saperti  kacha  terhempas  di-atas  batu  : 
like  glass  when  falling  heavily  on  stone ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  447.  Biyar  terletak  jangan  terhempas: 
let  a  thing  belaid  down,  not  thrown  down; 
do  things  gently,  as  violence  often  defeats  the 
object  in  view;  Prov.,  cf.  J.  S.  A.  S.,  HL,  26. 

hampong.     A  variant  of  ampong,  q.  v. 

h6mp61as.  A  generic  name  for  a  number  of 
plants,  fan-palms  (lictiala)  9.nd  others.  Also 
palasy  empelas  and  mempelas. 

h6mp61am.  The  mango,  mangifera  indica. 
Also  empelam  and  mempelant. 

himpun.     Assembly  in  one  place;  gathering 

together.  Himptmkan  and  mmghimpunkan  : 
to  collect  together  (any  things  or  persons) ;  to 
make  a  collection  of.  Di-himptrnkan-nya  segala 
kitdb-kitdb :  he  collected  all  the  books;  Ht. 
Abd.,  443.  Berhimpun :  to  meet  together ;  to 
gather  together  (intransitive).  Perhimpunan  : 
a  meeting,  a  gathering,  a  collection ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  214,  367. 


hSmpulor. 

soft  heart. 


L     The  pith  of  any  tree  with  a 
Also  menipulor, 

H.     Hempulor      rimba :      a      tree,      randia 
anisophylla ;  also  mempulor  and  Bmptdor, 


itUft 


hun.  [Chin,  hull,']  A  small  weight  used  in 
selling  opium;  a  *'hoon"  or  one-tenth  of  a 
mace  {chP^) ;  a  hundredth  of  a  tael. 

hantar.  L  Conveying,  escorting,  conducting ; 
conducting  away,  speeding  the  parting  guest ; 
(in  common  colloquial  language)  sending 
away  in  a  person's  charge.  Di-hantar  nasi 
ka-situ  :  my  dinner  used  to  be  sent  there ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  29. 

Hantarkan  and  menghantarkan :  to  accom- 
pany away,  to  escort,  to  convey.  Pulang 
di-hantarkan  uleh  beberapa  orangperi :  returning 
escorted  by  a  number  of  fairies;  Ht.  Gul 
Bak.,  no.  Ku  hantarkan4ah  akandiya  sampai 
ka-perahu :  I  accompanied  him  as  far  as  the 
ship  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  362,  SBhaya  mahu  hantarkan 
ka-Benggala  kapada  tuwan  jenderal  Benggala : 
I  wish  to  send  it  to  Bengal  to  the  Governor 
General ;  Ht.  Abd.,  260. 

Menghantar :  to  go  in  any  one's  company. 
Menghantari :  id. ;  Sej.  Mai.,  95. 

n.  Lying  prostrate,  lying  spread  out. 
Hantarkan :  to  spread  out ;  to  lay  down  as  one 
lays  down  jewellery  when  stripping  for  the 
bath  ;  Ht.  '  Mash.,  79.  Berhantaran  :  lying 
stretched  on  the  ground,  as  logs  of  wood ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb.  Terhantar :  stretched  out,  as  a 
dead  body;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya.  Tuboh  segala  yang 
mati  terhantar  di-medan :  with  the  bodies  of 
the  slain  stretched  out  on  the  field  of  battle  ; 
Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 

hanting.  Huntang-hanting :  loosely  hanging ; 
pendulous.     See  anting. 


HUNTANG 


[    690    ] 


HANCHOR 


iXJsi    huntang.     See  hantmg  and 


untan^. 


hantap.     Heavy   for  its   size ;    closely   com- 
pressed; specific  gravity. 

hintip.     Jav.     Peering,  spying  out ;  =  hintai. 
Also  intip. 


^3^^    hdntak.     A  variant  of  entaky  q.  v. 


hentek. 

V.  entek. 


Winnowing    with    side-long    jerks ; 


hSntam.     Striking,     stamping     the    foot 
anything,  knocking  down ;  Pel.  Abd.,  72, 


on 


hantu.  An  evil  spirit,  a  ghost  or  goblin  ;  also 
(Straits  Settlements)  a  gambling  informer. 
Ada  banyak  hantu  shaitdn  di-kota  ihi :  there  are 
many  ghosts  and  evil  spirits  in  the  fort ;  Ht. 
Abd,,  62.  Memeliharakan  h, :  to  keep  a 
familiar  spirit ;  Ht.  Abd.,  390.  Membela  h.  : 
id.  Berhantu :  to  exorcise  evil  spirits  or 
otherwise  have  dealings  with  them;  the 
practice  of  the  black  art ;  Ht.  Abd.,  204. 

H,  bangkit :    a  **  sheeted  "  ghost ;   the  ghost 
of  a  man  wearing  his  grave-clothes. 
H.  beliyan :  the  tiger-spirit ;  v.  beliyan. 

H.  bungkus  :  the  h,  bangkit,  so  called  from  the 
appearance  of  the  grave-clothes. 

H.  dagok  :  clouds  on  the  horizon  believed  to 
be  the  ghosts  of  murdered  men. 

H.  doman :  (Kedah)  a  dog-faced  spirit,  a 
survival  of  the  Hanuman  legend, 

H.  gerugul:  a  forest  demon  that  strikes 
people  dumb. 

if.  golek  :  the  h.  bangkit  so  called  because  the 
ghost  fettered  by  its  grave-clothes  can  only 
move  along  by  rolling  over  the  ground. 

H.  janmwan  :  a  familiar  spirit. 

H.  keramat :  the  spirit  haunting  a  keramat, 
q.  V. 

H.  kochong :  the  h.  bangkit  so  called  from 
the  way  the  grave-clothes  are  tied  up. 

H,  orang  matt  di-bunoh :  the  ghost  of  a 
murdered  man  ; — -a  very  revengeful  ghost. 

H.pemburu  :  the  Spectre  Huntsman  of  Malay 
legend. 

H.  penyakit :  a  spirit  of  disease. 

H.  raya  :  an  incestuous  evil  spirit  of  great 
power  and  treachery. 

H,  rimba  :  a  ghost  haunting  the  jungle ;  an 
evil  spirit  of  the  woods  very  dangerous  to 
lonely  travellers  ;  Ht.  Best. 

H.  tanah  :  the  gnomes  or  goblins  of  the  soil 
who  have  to  be  propitiated  by  miners,  land- 
cultivators,  etc. 

Achan  A. :  v.  achan, 

Burong  h, :  an  owl. 

Di-rasok  h, :  to  be  attacked  by  an  evil  spirit. 

Jari  h, :  the  middle  finger. 

Kena  h.  :  to  be  the  victim  of  a  spirit. 


iS^ 


Kena  imbasan  h. :  to  be  afflicted  by  a  passing 
spirit  of  disease. 

Siput  h.  laut :  a  shell  (unidentified). 

Hantu  when  applied  to  plant  names  has  the 
meaning  "  wild  "  as  against  *'  cultivated  "  (by 
human  agency),  the  theory  being  that  ghosts 
plant  these  wild  plants. 

h6nti.  Stopping ;  putting  an  end  to ;  termi- 
nating  ;  coming  to  an  end.  Hentikan :  to  stop 
(a  man) ;  to  keep  a  man  waiting  ;  Sej.  Mai., 
94 ;  to  cause  him  to  desist  from  doing  a  thing, 
Muj.,  62.  Berhenti :  to  come  to  a  stop.  Dengan 
tiyada  berhenti :  without  stopping ;  Ht.  Abd., 
29.  BMientikan  :  to  terminate  ;  to  put  a  stop 
to.  Perhentiyan :  stoppage,  ending,  close. 
Tempat  perhentiyan  :  a  place  of  stoppage  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  37.  Genderang  perhentiyan  :  a  drum 
beating  to  bring  an  army  to  a  halt ;  Ht. 
Isk.  Dz. 

hintai.  Gazing  at,  spying,  watching,  keeping 
an  eye  on.  Laksana  kuching  menghintai 
perburuwan  :  like  the  cat  watching  its  prey ; 
Ht.  Raj.  SuL,  26. 

hanti.  Hentak-hanti :  convulsive  tapping  or 
movement ;  v.  entak. 

hSntimun.  A  generic  name  for  cucumbers 
melons,  gourds,  etc.  Also  timun,  mentimun 
entimun,  etc. 


v-J^ 


^^^^^^    hinjit.     A  variant  of  inchit,  q.  v. 

hlinjor.     Stretching  out,  projection;    Ht.  Sh, 
Mard.,  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.     Also  unjor^  q.  v. 


hunjap.     A  variant  of  unjap,  q.  v. 

hSnjal.     A  variant  of  enjaly  q.  v. 

hunjam  or  hSnjam.  Thrusting  anything 
violently  into  the  earth  ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata;  Ht. 
Best.     Also  unjaMy  q.  v. 

hinchit.  Departure ;  exit ;  quitting  ;  clearing 
out ;  =  inchit,  q.  v. 


hinchut  or  (Kedah)  henchot. 
inchut,  q.  v. 


Variants  of 


hanchor.  Dissolution ;  melting ;  being  crushed 
to  powder;  being  reduced  to  liquid  form. 
Menikam  dan  menchenchang  mayat  sa-hingga 
hanchor-lah  tiyada  berketahuwan  rupa  :  stabbing 
and  slashing  the  corpse  till  it  was  cut  to  pieces 
and  quite  unrecognizable ;  Ht.  Abd.,  248. 
Ringgit  pun  hanchor-lah  saperti  timah :  the 
dollars  melted  like  tin  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  364.  Senjata 
itU'pun  hanchor4ah  saperti  lilin  :  the  weapons 
were  crushed  up  as  though  made  of  wax  ;  Ht. 
Sg.  Samb.  if.  hati  :  feeling  crushed ;  feeling 
"very  much  cut  up";  oppression  of  spirits. 
Terlalu  hanchor  rasa-nya  hati  Sang  Samba 
sapMi  di-hiris  dengan  sembilu:  Sang  Samba 
felt  utterly  heart-broken,  he  felt  as  though  his 
heart  had  been  sliced  to  pieces  with  a  sharp 
bamboo- knife ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 


HANCHING 


[    691    ] 


HUBONG 


Puchok  pauh    berulam  pauh, 
Petang-pitang  kachau  ititt ; 

Sayang  sehaya   berkaseh  jauh, 
Petang'petang  hanchor   hati: 

alas  !  I  love  the  absent :  evening  by  evening 
my  heart  is  oppressed. 

//.  luloh  :  utterly  crushed  or  melted ;  a  strong 
form  of  hanchor  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  H,  luloh  di- 
dalam  hati :  utterly  heart-broken ;  J.  I.  A., 
I.,  448. 

Menghanchorkan  :  to  reduce  to  fragments ;  to 
crush  to  powder ;  to  melt.  M.hati:  to  melt 
the  hearts  (of  an  audience) ;  to  sadden  ; 
Ht.  Koris. 

i^    hanching.     Rank,  foul,  disgusting, — of  smell. 
^         Used  of  the  smell  of  urinals,  etc. 


*j[^JCJb    hfindayong.     Ayer    hmdayong:    saliva    from 


the  roof  of  the  mouth. 


^jU*MJcjb   hindustetn. 


Pers.     India  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  39. 


j-XiJb    hSndak.     Wish,    desire,    intention,    purpose, 

longing  ;  an  auxiliary  in  forming  the  future. 
Hendak  ka-mana :  whither  will  you  be  going. 
Hendak-lah  iya  berpengetahuwan  :  he  should  be 
possessed  of  knowledge. 

Hendakkan  :  to  desire ;  to  want  anything  ;  to 
lust  after,  to  love.  Jikalau  sunggoh  Uiwan- 
hamba  hendakkan  hamba  :  if  you  really  love 
me;  Ht,  Ind,  Jaya. 

Kehendak  :  wish,  desire;  passion,  lust,  will; 
intention,  drift,  meaning.  Dengan  takdir  A  llah 
melakukan  kehendak-nya  atas  hamba-nya :  by 
the  decree  of  God  who  works  His  will  upon  us 
his  slaves;  Ht.  Abd.,  12.  Saperti  kehendak 
tuwan  puteri  :  as  the  princess  pleases.  Mengu- 
raikan  kehendak  kitdb  itu :  to  make  out  the 
drift  of  the  book. 

Berkehendak  :  to  be  desirous  of;  to  entertain 
a  hope  or  desire ;  to  be  in  love  with.  J5.  bertutor 
melayu :  to  be  anxious  to  speak  Malay ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  346.  B.  akan  perhnpuwan  :  to  take  a 
fancy  to  a  woman  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  158. 

Sa-kehendak :  in  accordance  with  one*s  wishes  ; 
at  one's  will.  Membtiwat  dengan  sa-kehendak- 
nya  :  to  do  what  one  pleases. 

Sa-berang  Perai  tanah  yang  rata, 
Buleh   berjalan  sa-kehendak  kaki; 

Bengkalai  Urtinggal  janggal  di-mata, 
Pantang  tukang  pesndahkan   behagi  : 

Province  Wellesley  is  a  level  land  where  one  can 
walk  wherever  one's  feet  wish  to  go. 

Kehendaki  :  to  wish,  to  desire ;  to  lust  after, 
to  set  one's  heart  on ;  Ht.  Abd.,  23,  71,  443, 
etc.     KeMndakkan  :   id,;    Sh.  Abd.  Mk.,  103. 

Also  (colloquially  in  Kedah)  nak. 


fjf^    hanchai.     Letting    go,    losing    hold    of;    v.        0^3 
anchai. 


JUfc 


o^r^ 


hindek.     Leverage  by  pressure  with  the  foot. 

Lang  h. :  a  bird  of  prey  (unidentified). 
Lesong  h. :  a  heavy  rice-pounder  worked  with 
the  foot. 

handaL     Trusty,  reliable. 

hendeL  An  outward  sweep  of  the  arm  in 
dancing ;  v.  endcL 

hindu.  Hindoo,  Indian.  Orang  h. :  an  Indian 
(other  than  a  Muhammadan  from  India). 
Tiga  behagiyan  orang  islam  dan  sa-behagi  orang 
hindu  :  three-fourths  were  Muhammadans  and 
one-fourth  Hindoos;  Ht.  Abd.,  39.  Orang 
hindu  datang'lah  tnasok  igama  islam  :  Hindoos 
came  to  Malacca  and  turned  Muhammadan  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  II.     Cf.  hindu 

handoman.  The  Sanskrit  Hanuman;  the 
Monkey-God.  Also  Sang  Seri  Hanoman  and 
Sang  Hanoman.     See  hanoman. 

handai.  Companion,  associate,  comrade,  inti- 
mate friend ;  Ht.  Abd.,  445 ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak., 
17,  42 ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

hindi.  Pers.  Indian  ;  appertaining  to  India. 
Hikdyat  h. :    an   Indian  tale  ;    Ht.  Gul  Bak., 

157.  This  word  has  no  special  reference  to 
the  Hindoo  religion. 

hindiya.  India, — in  the  expression  yang 
berhurmat  hindiya  kompeni :  the  Honourable 
East  India  Company;  Ht.  Abd.,  265. 

h§ning.  Limpid,  pure,  clear,  transparent, — 
of  water  and  other  liquids ;  (by  metaphor) 
pure-hearted,  guileless,  free  from  ill-will  or 
bad  intent.  Heningkan  :  to  purify  (the  heart) ; 
Sh.  Jub.  MaL,  15. 

hanoman.  [Skr.  hanumant,']  The  Monkey- 
God  ;  a  monkey.  Sang  Seri  H. :  Hanuman  the 
Monkey-God;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  SangH.:  id. 
Berchap  h, :  with  the  monkey  as  an  emblem  ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Saperti  Hanomany  gunong  pun 
dapat  di-bangkit-nya :  like  Hanuman,  he  can 
even  lift  mountains ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  i.  Also 
handoman.  The  hantu  doman  is  a  survival  of 
the  Hanuman  legend. 

hfinnyak.  Stamping  down  with  the  feet, 
pounding  down.     Also  htnyak, 

huwa.     Arab.     He,  i.e.,  God. 


\jti  hawd.  Arab.  Breath,  air,  affection,  desire, 
lust,  sensuality ;  inclination,  will,  wish ;  a 
blast.     Pronounced  hawa. 

^y^  hubong.  Connection ;  linking.  Yangpatutdi- 
hubong  di-cheraikan-nya :  (words)  that  should 
have  been  linked  together,  he  separated; 
Ht.  Abd.,  150.    Hubongan  :  link,  connection. 


HUWET 


[    692    ] 


HUDANG 


Cjyb 


&^ 


Cr^ 


crry^ 


Perhtibongan :  id.;  Muj.,  11.  Hubonganhuruf 
yang  bukan-bukan  :  impossible  combinations  of 
letters  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  185.  Hubongkan  :  to  com- 
bine ;  to  link  together ;  to  join.  Menghubongkan: 
id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  187.  Berhubong  :  linked  with  ; 
connected  with,  e.g.,  by  intermarriage,  Pel. 
Abd.,  79. 

huwet.  A  sidelong  movement  with  the  blade 
of  the  paddle  so  as  to  turn  a  boat's  head ;  a 
sidelong  movement  of  a  shield  so  as  to  turn 
aside  a  blow;  Ht.  Hamz.,  27,  8g.      Also  uwet, 

hutang.  Debt ;  owing  ;  indebtedness.  Hutang 
mas  dapat  di-bayar  hutang  budi  di-bawa  mati  : 
a  debt  of  money  may  be  paid,  a  debt  of  kindness 
abides  till  death  ;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  179.  Men- 
jadi  ringan  hutang 'hutang :  the  lightening  of 
the  burden  of  my  debts ;  Pel.  Abd.,  5. 
FL  kepala  :  a  debt  for  which  a  man  is  answer- 
able with  his  life.  Hutang -hutangan  :  debts 
generally  ;  indebtedness.  Berhutang :  to  owe. 
Surat  tanda  tangan  iya  berhutang  :  a  promissory 
note  ;  an  acknowledgement  of  indebtedness  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  43.  Orang  berhutang  :  the  debtor. 
Orang  hutangan  :  the  creditor.  Piyutang :  a 
debt;   money  owed. 

hutan.  Jungle,  forest,  wilderness  ;  (by  exten- 
sion) appertaining  to  the  forest,  wild.  Babi  h. : 
wild  pig.  Anjing  h. :  wild  dogs.  Ayamh,: 
jungle-fowl;  Ht.  Abd.,  88.  Bunga-bunga  h,  : 
wild  flowers;  Ht.  Abd.,  385.  Orang  h. :  "  a  wild 
man,"  a  name  applied  by  Malays  to  the  men 
of  the  aboriginal  tribes  of  the  Peninsula  and 
by  Europeans  to  the  mias  or  *'  orangoutang'* 
of  Borneo,  v.  Ht.  Abd.,  89.  Orang  h.  is  also 
used  by  metaphor  to  signify  a  rough  boor  ; 
karena  orang  hutan  tiyada  iya  tahu  bichara 
bihasa  negeri  :  for  he  is  a  boorish  j  ungle-dweller 
who  knows  not  the  courtesies  of  towns ;  Ht. 
Mash,,  10. 

hujat.     To  reproach  ;  to  revile  ;  to  blaspheme 

hxijong.  Extremity,  end,  point.  Ada  yang 
tajam  hujong-nya  :  some  had  sharp  points. 
H.  telunjok  :  the  tip  of  the  index-finger ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  35.  H".  tanah  :  a  cape,  a  promontory. 
H,  mata  :  the  outer  corner  of  the  eye  ;  =  ekor 
mata.  Berhujong :  with  a  point,  pointed, 
Bertikam  keris  berhujong-hujongan :  fighting 
with  the  points  of  their  daggers ;  fencing, 
not  cutting ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P.     Also  ujong. 

hiajan.  Rain.  H,  jatoh  ka-pasir  :  rain  falling 
on  sand ;  ineffective  work  ;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
II.,  162.  H.  berbalek  ka4angit :  the  rain  re- 
turns to  the  sky  ;  the  utterly  unexpected  is 
happening;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  150.^  Sadikit 
hujan  banyak  yang  basah :  a  little  rain  makes 
many  wet ;  a  little  mischief  often  does  much 
harm  ;  Prov.  A  da  hujan  ada  punas  :  it  rains 
sometimes  and  is  fine  sometimes  ; — a  rhyming 
equivalent  for  ada  hari  buleh  balas  :  a  time  will 
come  when  you  can  avenge  an  injury ;  Prov. 
H,  kSris  Umbeng,  negeri  kita  ;  hujan  mas  perak 
nigeri  orang ;  it  may  rain  daggers  and  spears 


but  it  is  our  own  country ;  it  may  rain  gold 
and  silver  but  it  is  a  foreign  land ;  better 
discomfort  at  home  than  wealth  abroad  ;  Prov. 

H,  abu :  a  rain  of  ashes  in  a  volcanic 
eruption. 

H,  akhir :  the  last  rains  of  the  rainy  season. 

H,  awal :  the  early  rains  of  the  wet  season. 

H.  batu  :  hail. 

H,  bongsu  :  =  h.  akhir. 

H.  bubok  :  mist ;  "  steamy  "  weather. 

H,  bunut :  very  heavy  rain  ;  rain  coming  down 
in  sheets. 

//.  deras  :  pouring  rain. 

H.  hambat  mentuwa  :  intermittent  showers  ; 
showers  apparently  chasing  each  other. 

H,  lebat :  rain  in  heavy  drops;  heavy  rain. 

H.  panas  :  rain  in  bright  sunshine. 

H.  rennyai  :  drizzling  rain. 

H.  rintek-rintek  :  rain  just  enough  to  make 
spots  on  the  dust ;  rain  in  few  drops. 

H,  sulong :  =  h.  awaL 

H,  tiyada  buleh  chelek  mata  :  rain  so  heavy 
that  "  one  cannot  open  and  close  the  eyes  in  it." 

A  wan  mengandong  h. :  rain-clouds. 

Ayer  h, :  rain  water. 

Hari  h.  :  rainy  weather. 

Ketika  h.  or  musim  h.  :  the  rainy  season. 

Tedoh  h. :  the  cessation  of  rain. 

Turun  h,  :  the  fall  of  rain. 

Hujani :  to  rain  down  upon.  Menghujani  : 
id.  Hujani  dengan  panah  :  to  cause  a  rain  of 
arrows  to  fall  upon  (anyone)  ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

Kehujanan  :  the  state  of  being  rained  upon  ; 
exposed  to  rain.  Saperti  kanibing  kehujanan  : 
like  goats  left  out  in  the  rain  (bleating  miser- 
ably) ;  Ht.  Koris. 

Menghujankan  :  (i)  to  rain  down  (arrows,  etc.); 
(2)  to  expose  to  rain.  Menghujankan  senjata :  to 
rain  weapons  on  an  enemy ;  Ht.  Mas.  Ed. 
Mahu-kah  orang  menghujankan  garam-nya  :  will 
a  man  put  out  salt  into  the  rain ;  Prov. 

<>.aA    ll^|8l^l.     Questioning,    cross-examination ;    = 
*-^      ujah. 

J^^    hudar.     (Kedah.)    To  run  away  ;  to  abscond  ; 
to  bolt. 


£fj* 


hudang.     A  generic  name  for  shrimps,  prawns, 
lobsters,  etc. 

H.  bengkara  :  the  king-crab,  limulus  moluccen- 
sis.     Also  h.  kara  and  A.  mengkara, 

H.  bubok  :  a  shrimp. 

H.  duri :  a  small  prawn   which  is  dried   and 
preserved. 

H.  galah  :  the  lobster. 

H.  geragau:  (Malacca)  the  shrimp,  =  A.  pepai. 

H,  kepai  or  h.  pepai :  the  small  shrimps  which 
are  made  into  belachan. 


HUDAM 


[    693    ] 


HUNUS 


H,  lobok  :  the  common  prawn. 

H,  sungai  :  the  fresh-water  prawn. 

H,  abangy  h.  gantong,  h,  jeriyat,  h.  karah  (a 
black  prawn),  and  h.  pantai :  unidentified 
Crustacea. 

Burong  h,  or  raja  h. :  a  large  bird  of  the 
snipe  or  sand-piper  class. 

hlidam.  Dulled,  faded,  of  colouring ;  dimmed, 
of  brilliancy.     See  udam, 

hudoh.  (Kedah.)  Ugly,  hideous,  repulsive ; 
=  (Riau,  Johor)  udoh. 

hudai.  Orang  hudai  or  orang  iidai  :  the  name 
of  an  aboriginal  tribe  in  the  Malay  Peninsula; 
Ht.  Abd.,  388,  389. 

hurut.  Rubbing  the  hands  over  anything ; 
massage  ;  removing  padi-grains  by  pulling  the 
stalk  through  the  hands.     Also  nnit,  q.  v. 

hurus.     (Kedah.)     Rubbing  ;  ~  urns, 

hurong.  Crowding,  swarming  over  ;  —  used 
especially  of  ants  or  fruit-flies  swarming  on 
anything  they  find  edible.  Di-hurong  semut  : 
covered  with  ants.  Di-hurong  langau  :  covered 
with  flies  ;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  12.  Batu  mas 
hurong :  iron  pyrites ;  so  called  from  the 
numerous  glittering  dots  on  its  surface. 

u-ijaJt    hurip.     Jav.     Alive,  living  ;  also  urip. 
^•^JJ^    hurup.     Money-changing.     Also  urup^  q.  v. 


Jy. 


uvy 

by 


hum.  Huru-hara  :  uproar,  turmoil,  tumult ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  81,  365;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  69.  Cf. 
haru  and  hara. 


(^sjib  hurai.  Disentangling,  loosening,  unwinding  ; 
solving.  Huraikan  :  to  disentangle  ;  to  solve  a 
problem ;  to  make  out  the  meaning  of  an 
obscure  passage ;  Sh.  UL,  13 ;  Sh.  Kumb. 
Chumb.,  3.     Usually  nraiy  q.  v. 


4i^ 
O^^    hulat.     A  worm ;  a  variant  of  ulat,  q.  v. 


huwap.     Vapour,  steam.    See  also  iiwap,  and 
wap. 


hukor.       Linear   measurement.     Also     ukor, 
q.  V. 


'^ AJjA    hukup.     A  variant  of  ukup,  q.  v. 

Ovy*  hokiyan.  [Chin,  hok-kien.]  Fuh-kien;  a 
province  of  China.  Orang  china  h,:  a  Chinese 
from  the  Fuh-kien  province ;  cf.  Pel.  Abd., 
40.     Pronounced  hok-kien. 


hogoh.      To   mimic   a    man's    action,    of    a 
monkey. 


LT^y 


hulor.  Letting  go,  slacking ;  letting  a  rope 
become  loose ;  letting  the  arm  hang  down 
slackly.  Hulorkan :  to  slacken.  Terhulor 
tersentap  :  letting  go  and  pulling  in  ;  playing  a 
fish  on  a  line  ;  (by  metaphor)  playing  fast  and 
loose  with  one's  promises  or  constantly 
changing  one's  intentions. 

hulam.  Vegetable  accessories  to  a  dish ; 
vegetable  condiments;  Sej.  Mai.,  45;  Pel. 
Abd.,  37 ;  J.  S.  A.  S„  XL,  38,  43 ;  =  idam, 
q.  V. 

holanda.  Dutch,  Hollander.  Also  belanda 
and  wolanda. 


upper  portion  ;  beginning ;  the 
of  a   river;    the   uplands  of  a 
See  uIm. 


hulu.  Head ; 
upper  waters 
country. 

hull.  L  (Kedah.)  Kneading;  squeezing  down 
dough.     See  uli, 

IL  Huli'huli :  ramming  down  the  charge 
of  a  muzzle-loading  gun.     Also  uli-uli. 

homa  or  huma.  "  Dry  "  or  "  hill  "  padi 
cultivation  in  contradistinction  to  the  planting 
of  padi  in  swamps ;  a  clearing  on  high  land 
for  planting  purposes  of  any  sort.  Homa 
orang  yang  bertanam  sir  eh  :  a  clearing  made 
by  sireh  planters  ;  Ht.  Mar.  Mah.  Berkeliling 
homa  itu  :  round  the  clearing ;  Ht.  Best. 

Berhoma  :  to  plant  hill-padi ;  Sej.  Mai,,  27, 
42.  Orang  berhoma :  a  padi-planter  (on  high 
land) ;  Ht.  Mash.,  63.  Perhomaan  :  a  culti- 
vated clearing ;  Ht.  Bakht.,  83  ;  Sej.  Mai.,  42. 

homam.  [Tam.;  from  Skr.J  An  Indian 
burnt  offering. 

human.  Human-human :  protracted  and 
wearisome  repetition  ;  v.  uman, 

huna.     Skr.     A  pagoda ;  Kl. 

honar.     [Pers.  ^  ?  ]         Shame,      disgrace, 

discredit ;  a  subject  of  reproach  or  censure. 
Kata-nya  siapa  membuwat  honar:  he  said, 
who  brings  this  disgraceful  charge;  Sh. 
Pr.  Turk.,  12.  Jangan-lah  banyak  berbuwat 
honar :  do  not  try  to  make  too  much  of  this 
fault ;    Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  79. 

Yang  nikdh   di- Ambon   itu-lah   b^nar ; 
Yang  di-Melaka   tentu-lah   honar  : 

the  wedding  at  Amboyna  was  a  good  and 
valid  one;  that  at  Malacca  was  a  discredit- 
able business  ;  Sh.  Peng.,  22.  Khabar  berho- 
nar  :  a  scandal ;  Sh.  Put.  Ak.,  9. 

hunus.  Drawing  a  sword  or  other  weapon 
from  its  scabbard;  unsheathing;  drawing  a 
finger  out  of  a  ring.  Di-hunus-nya  keris-nya  : 
he  drew  his  kris;  Ht.  Abd.,  99.  Di-hunm-nya 
chinchin:  he  took  off  the  ring;  Ht.  Gul 
Bak.,  41;  cf.  also  Sej.  Mai.,  153.  Terhunus  : 
drawn  out ;  bared ;  naked,  of  a  blade.  Pedang 
terhunus:  a  naked  sword;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  12. 
Pedang  yang  terhunus  :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd.,  313. 


87 


HUI 


694    ] 


HIDANO 


iS^^    hui.     An  interjection  of  astonishment. 


i5'y 


jiy 


hoe.  [Chin,  hoe^  A  society,  especially  what 
is  known  as  a  **  hoey "  or  Chinese  secret 
society.  Tien-te-hoe :  the  Triad  society. 
[Chin,  tkien-te-hoi]  ;  the  Heaven  and  Earth 
Society,  a  very  turbulent  Chinese  secret 
society  in  the  early  days  of  Singapore  accord- 
ing to  Abdullah. 

huyong  or  hoyong.  Reeling,  staggering, 
swaying,  shaking  ;  rolling  as  a  ship.  H.  goy- 
ang :  to  roll  about.  B^rhuyong  sepah  :  to  move 
the  betel-nut  about  in  one's  mouth. 


j^ 


J^  hai.  A  vocative  interjection ;  O.  Hat 
saudara-ku :  O  my  brother.     Also  he, 

(^  he.  I.  An  interjection  used  as  a  vocative  ; 
O.  He  abang :  brother !  Cf.  hai,  which  is 
more  literary. 

II.  An  interjection  of  astonished  exclama- 
tion ;  an  interjection  of  interest ;  hullo ;  what 
is  that. 

hiba.      [Arab,  ^-f^y  love.]      Yearning;     love, 

regret,  passionate   longing ;     Ht.    Abd.,   194, 
361.     See  iba, 

OWt^    haiban.     Arab.     Terrific,  alarming,  frightful, 
hideous. 


haibat.  Arab.  Fear,  panic ;  also  (in  Malay) 
of  a  terrifying  appearance,  awe-inspiring.  H, 
biinyi-nya  :  of  terrifying  sound;  Ht.  Abd,,  328, 
363.  Sa-orang  jin  yang  amat  haibat  rupa-nya  : 
a  demon  of  terrible  aspect ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  44. 

hibor.  Consoling,  soothing;  comfort,  conso- 
lation. Menghibor,  hiborkan  and  mlnghiborkan : 
to  comfort,  to  console,  to  allay  distress, 
Maka  kii  hiborkaU'lah  hati-ku  dengan  dudok 
mengarangkan  sha%r  itu :  I  calmed  my  feelings 
by  sitting  down  and  composing  a  poem  ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  365. 

Pichah  buyong  Umpayan  ada 
Buleh  juga  menyuchi  kaki ; 

Terbang  tiyong  bayan  ada 
Buleh  juga  mingibor  hati : 

if  the  mynah  flies  away  the  parrokeet  remains 
with  you,  and  you  can  still  console  yourself 
with  him  ; — there  are  as  good  fish  in  the  sea 
as  ever  came  out  of  it ;  Prov. 

P^nghilor :  a  comforter  ;  a  source  of  comfort  or 
consolation ;  Sej.  Mai.,  143, 

heban.  Seizing  anything  with  both  hands 
and  dashing  it  away ;  heaving  away ;  hurling 
away  a  heavy  object.  Sudah  di-heban  hela 
pula :  after  you  have  hurled  a  thing  away  to 
draw  it  back  again ;  inconsistent  action ;  Prov. 


4^  hilmh.  Giving  away  valuable  property 
without  consideration ;  donatio  inter  vivos  to 
defeat  testamentary  limitations. 


Of^ 


<*Jb  hiboh.  Noise;  uproar;  disturbance  caused 
by  many  people  working  at  once,  or  by  traffic, 
and  not  by  people  who  are  actually  bent  on 
creating  a  disturbance ;  Ht.  Best. 


^^    heta.     A  cubit ;  ^  better  hasta,  q.  v. 


r* 


t 


t^ 


hetongor  hitong. 
Ht.   Abd.,   34,   333. 
metic. 


Calculation,  reckoning ; 
^Ilrnu   hetongan :    arith- 


Merpati   meniti-nya   batang, 

Batang  melintang  di-tengah-nya  jalan ; 
Menanti   abang  lambat-nya  datang 

Dudok   menanti   menghetong  bulan : 

I  await  my  love  but  he  is  slow  in  coming,  I 
await  him  counting  the  months  till  he  arrives ; 
Sh.  Pant.  Shi.,  5, 

hitam.  Black;  dark,  in  colour;  any  dark 
colour  such  as  dark  blue,  or  dark  brown,  or 
dark  green ;  a  timang-timangan  or  familiar 
name  given  to  a  ninth  or  tenth  child  in  a  family. 
Pnteh,  puteh  hudang  pepai ;  hitam,  hitam  gajah: 
white,  but  white  as  a  shrimp  is  white ;  black, 
but  black  as  an  elephant  is  black ; — a  contrast 
between  a  comparatively  great  man  in  an 
insignificant  country  and  a  relatively  minor 
official  in  a  very  great  country, — the  latter 
being  really  greater  than  the  former.  Hitam 
akan  muka-ku  :  black  (i.e.,  charcoal,  defilement) 
upon  my  face;  a  metaphorical  description 
of  insult  or  shame  ;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg.  Menghitam- 
kan  muka  :  to  blacken  the  face ;  to  dishonour ; 
to  disgrace ;  to  insult ;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

H.  bogot:  horridly  black;  black  and  hideous; 
hideously  dark,  as  a  Papuan. 

H,  legam  :  pitch  black. 

H,  manis :  brown. 

H,  merah  :  reddish  black ;  very  dark  red. 

H,  muda  :   deep  blue. 

H.  tuwa  :  very  dark  brown. 

heja.     [Arab.  \^.]     spelling  ;   to  spell ;  v.  eja. 


^  hijau.  Green,  in  colour.  Hijau-hijau :  a 
moss  (unidentified).  Naik  atas  kuda  hijau  : 
**  to  ride  the  green  horse ; "  to  be  drunk ;  Ht. 
Abd.,  82. 


hidang.  Dishing  ;  placing  in  a  plate  or  dish ; 
a  "portion"  of  food ;  a  ** plate"  in  the  sense  of 
plateful.  Hidangan:  a  plateful;  the  contents 
of  a  plate  when  prepared  for  eating,  i.e,,  when 
containing  rice,  curry,  and  condiments,  and 
not  merely  as  a  measure  of  a  plate's  capacity. 
Hidangan  pirsantapan :  dishes  of  food ;  plates 
of    food;   Ht.     Gul   Bak.,    11,   68.      Makan 

I    E.g.,  in  the  pantun: — 

BUi  pSdSndang  tiga  htta, 

Belikan  sal  tiga  jari; 
Pandang  tuwan  peta-peta, 

Jangan  s^sai  k^mndiymt.  han. 


HIDONG 


[    695    ] 


HIBI 


uJJtJt 


sa-hidang :  to  eat  out  of  the  same  plate,  of  two 
or  more  people ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb,  Makan  sa- 
hidangan :  id. ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.,  Sej.  Mai.,  97. 
Terhtdang :  heaped  up  on  the  plate ;  served 
up,  of  food;  Sri  Sri  Ben.,  5.  Ttidong  hidang : 
a  dish-cover. 


hidong.  The  nose  ;  the  organ  of  smell ;  cf. 
hidti,  Hidong  di-chiyum  pipi  di-gigit :  kissing 
the  nose  while  biting  the  cheeks  ;  to  do  one 
a  bad  turn  under  cover  of  friendliness ;  Prov. 
Potong  hidong  rosak  muka :  who  cuts  off  his 
nose  spoils  his  face ;  a  man  who  abuses  his 
family  discredits  himself;   Prov. 

H.  manchong :  a  sharp-cut  nose. 

H.  sederhana  :  a  nose  of  medmm  size. 

Ayer  h,  :  mucus  from  the  nose ;  Ht.  Abd., 
29. 

Batang  h, :  the  ridge  or  (sometimes)  the 
bridge  of  the  nose. 

Liyang  h. :  the  nostril  cavity;  Ht.  Hamz.,  90. 

Lorah  h, :  the  dimple  or  furrow  between  the 
nose  and  the  centre  of  the  upper  lip.  Also 
alar  bibir. 

Tahi  h, :  =  ayer  h.  Tahi  It.  niasin  :  a  nick- 
name for  a  miser. 


hidop.  Life;  being  alive;  coming  to  life; 
(by  extension)  obtaining  a  livelihood  ;  rising, 
of  the  sun.  Apa  guna  aku  ini  hidop  sa-hari- 
hari  tiyada  buleh  senang :  what  is  the  use  of 
being  alive  if  I  can  have  no  peace  day  after 
day;  Ht.  Abd.,  41.  Gajah  h. :  alive  ele- 
phant; Ht,  Abd.,  II.  Btmga-bunga  di4uUs- 
nya  saperti  hidop  :  he  drew  flowers  as  though 
they  were  real  (living)  flowers  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  88. 
Dan  lagi  marika-itu  hidop  dalam  pekerjaan  itu- 
lah  :  besides  they  made  a  livelihood  by  that 
occupation  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  47.  Matahari  h. :  the 
rising  sun;  the  East;  Sej.  Mai.,  10,  129;  Ht. 
Mash.,  16.  Sa-'mnur  h. :  in  a  life-time ;  as 
long  as  I  live ;  Ht.  Abd.,  64,  258 ;  Ht.  Gul 
Bak.,  124. 

Hidopi  :  to  bring  to  life ;  to  give  life  to ;  Ht. 
Sg,  Samb, ;  Ht.  Jay.  Lengg. ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak., 
140.  Menghidopi :  id. ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. ;  Sh. 
Lail.  Mejn.,  24.  Hidopkan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Abd., 
18 ;  also  "to  keep  alive,"  to  feed;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. 
Menghidopkan  :  id. :  Ht.  Abd.,  160 ;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Kchidopan  :  life  ;  means  of  livelihood  ; 
position  in  life.     Hikdyat  segala  kehidopan  dirt- 

ku  :  the  story  of  my  whole  life  ;  my  autobio- 
graphy ;  Ht.  Abd.,  3.  Miskin  hdl  kBhidopan- 
ku :  my  condition  in  life  is  one  of  poverty  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  5.  Mhtchari  kehidopan  :  to  seek  a 
livelihood ;  Ht.  Abd.,  68,  172.  Mendapat 
kehidopan  :  to  earn  a  living ;  Ht.  Abd.,  81. 
Memikatjuga  kerja-nya  dan  itn-lah  kehidopan- 
nya :  snaring  was  their  work  and  that  was 
their  means  of  life ;  Ht.  Bakht.,  30. 

hidam.  The  longings  of  a  pregnant  woman. 
Usually  idam^  q.  v. 


a«XJb    hidu.     Scenting ;  catching  a  whiff  of  anything ; 
getting  on  the  scent  of  anything.     Cf.  hidong, 

Mfc    hira.     Hiru-him:   uproar;    Ht.   Isk.   Dz.;    = 
haru-hara, 

JLi/jA    heret.     See  eret. 

^j\j,i  herot  and  herut.  (Kedah.)  Twisted ;  bent ; 
turned  awry;  lame;  Ht.  Pg.  Ptg. ;  (by  extension) 
warped,  of  the  conscience;  Sh.  Dag.,  16.     See 

ertit. 


U^J^, 


hiris.  Cutting  into  shps ;  slicing;  shredding; 
mincing;  cutting  across  or  aslant.  Saperti 
di'hiris  dengan  sembilu :  as  though  cut  with  a 
bamboo-knife ;  —  "as  though  cut  with  a  razor,** 
in  Enghsh,  a  clean  cut;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb.;  Sh. 
Ik.  Trub.,  22;  Sh.  Bur.  Pungg. ;  Sh.  Pant. 
Shi.,  II.  Seluwar  di -hiris :  slitting  open  a 
pair  of  trowsers  (with  a  knife) ;  Sh.  Peng.,  6. 
Di-brntoh-nya,  di-hiris-nya  dart  muka-nya  lalu 
ka-peruUnya :  he  slew  her ;  ripping  her  open 
from  the  face  to  the  abdomen ;  Sej.  Mai.,  159. 

herang.  Herang-herut :  twisted,  awry.  Also 
erang-erut.     See  erut. 


herap  or 

See  erap. 


hirap.      Resemblance,    similarity. 


hirup.  (Onom.)  Swallowing  by  sucking  up 
the  contents  of  a  spoon  or  saucer ;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz, 
See  irup» 

hirek.  (Kedah.)  To  tread  padi;  =  (Riau, 
Johor)  erek  or  irek,  q.  v. 

hirok.     A  (Penang)  variant  of  hirup  and  irup. 

hiram.  A  variant  of  iram,  II.;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat., 
94.     See  iram. 


heran. 

q.  V. 


Astonishment.    Better  (Arab.)  hairdn, 


kSj^ 


herau.  (Kedah.)  Condolence ;  visits  of  sym- 
pathy on  the  occasion  of  a  death.  Also 
(Riau,  Johor)  erau, 

hirau  and  hiru.  Confusing;  upsetting; 
causing  disturbance;  creating  an  uproar. 
Hiraukan :  to  disturb ;  to  interfere  unjustifiably ; 
to  upset  anything;  Ht.  Gh.;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam., 
21;  Sh.  Ul.,  21. 

Jika  yang  benar  kita   hukumkan, 
Di-belakang  jangan   kita  hiraukan : 

if  we  give  a  true  decision  let  us  not  afterwards 
go  and  disturb  it ;  Sh.  Nas.,  3. 

MlnghiraU'hirati  or  m^nghiru-hiru :  to  create 
an  uproar  or  disturbance;  Ht.  Abus.,  26. 
HirU'hara  :  a  disturbance ;  Ht.  Ism.  Yat.,  89. 
HirU'hira :  id.;  Ht.  Isk.  Dz. 

hiri,  Hiri  hati :  suppressed  or  concealed 
anger ;  spite,  malice ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  76.  Also 
iri  hati ;  Ht.  McJ.  Hanaf*,  35. 


HIYAS 


[    696    ] 


HIYU 


U^ 


hiyas.  Adornment;  the  act  of  adorning 
or  embellishing  anything*  Hiyasi :  to  adorn  ; 
to  ornament ;  Ht.  Abd.,  112,  113,  177.  Meng- 
hiyasi :  id. ;  Sej.  Mai.,  78.  Menghiyaskan  :  id. ; 
Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  10,  142*  Perhiyasan :  orna- 
ment, adornment;  Ht.  Abd.,  50,  177,  292. 

hisap.  Sucking;  drawing  in  one's  breath, 
smoking.     See  isap. 


jJlJt 


Divinity;  Godhead. 


hiyang.     (Old  Javanese.) 
Usually  j^an^,  q.  v. 

hengar  or  hingar.  Brawling,  noisy  disturb- 
ance; Ht.  Best.     See  engar, 

hingUS.  Mucus ;  matter  running  from  the 
nose.  Bagai  budak  sapu  hingus :  like  a  child 
which  has  to  have  its  nose  wiped  for  it ;  a 
simile  for  helplessness;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XXIV.,  95. 

higa.  Jav.  Rib;  flank;  =  rusoL  Di4ikam 
Wirona  kena  higa-nya :  Wirona  was  pierced  in 
the  flank;  Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 

higau.     Delirious  wandering ;  =  igau,  q.  v. 

hela.  I.  Dragging  after  one;  drawing  or 
pulling  along.  Menghela  :  to  draw,  to  drag 
after  one.  Menghelakan  :  id. ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 
Penghela :  which  draws ;  a  puller.  Kuda 
pcnghela  rata  :  a  horse  used  to  draw  a  chariot. 

n.  Aiming  at,  pointing  at,  looking  towards. 
Di'helakan-nya  panah-nya  itu  ka-henuwa  Sty  am  : 
he  shot  an  arrow  towards  Siam ;  Sej.  Mai., 
117.  Menghelakan  senjata-nya  kapada  Sang 
Samba  :  pointing  his  weapons  at  Sang  Samba ; 
Ht.  Sg.  Samb.  Menghelakan  muka-nya  ka- 
dalam :  turning  his  face  inwards ;  Ht. 
Hamz.,  66. 


,jjuto    helat     or      (Kedah)      hilat. 


Expedient,  device,  stratagem. 
elah^  q.  v. 


[Arab.     ^U-.] 
Also  elat  and 


^ 


hilir.  Motion  down  stream;  progress  towards 
the  sea;  the  lower  waters  of  a  river.  lya  pun 
hilir-nya  :  he  travelled  down  stream  ;  Ht.  Abd., 
396.  Jikalau  di'hulu  ayer-nya  keroh^  dapatiyada 
di'hilir-nya  keroh :  if  its  water  in  the  upper 
reaches  is  muddy,  it  will  be  muddy  in  the 
lower  reaches  too;  Prov.,  Ht.  Abd.,  442. 
Tiyada  berketahuwi  hulu-hilir-nya  :  one  cannot 
make  head  or  tail  of  it ;  Ht.  Abd.,  4.  Berhiliran  : 
to  flow  down;  to  flow  on,  of  a  river;  Ht. 
Isk.  Dz. 

hilang.  Loss ;  disappearance ;  (by  extension) 
death.  H.  *akal :  loss  of  common  sense;  loss 
of  self-restraint ;  Ht.  Abd.,  343 ;  Ht.  Gul  Bak., 
10.  H.  arwdh:  loss  of  consciousness ;  fainting. 
H.  semangat:  id.  H.  lapar :  loss  of  hunger; 
Ht.  Best.  Luka  sudah  hilang,  parut  ada-kah 
hilang :  the  wound  disappears  but  does  the 
scar  disappear;  an  injury  may  be  smoothed  over 
but  the  recollection  of  it  remains;  Prov. 
Baginda pun  hilang  :  the  king  died;  Sej.  Mai., 
12.  Hilang  luput-lah  ki-elokan  dunya  ini : 
perished  and  gone  is  the  glory  of  the  world ; 
Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  5. 


Hilangkan  and  menghilangkan :  to  cause  to 
vanish  or  disappear ;  to  remove ;  to  drive  away. 
Menghilangkan  perchintaan :  to  drive  away 
care;  Ht.  Abd.,  221.  Minghilangkan  nyawa: 
to  lose  one's  life;  Ht.  Raj.  Sul.,  13. 

Kehilangan :  loss.  Sap  Mi  anak  ay  am  k^hi- 
langan  ibu-nya :  like  chickens  when  their 
mother  is  lost;  wildly  excited;  Prov.,  J.  S. 
A.  S.,  H.,  142. 

^_^Lfh    hilap.     An    error,    a    mistake;    forgetfulness ; 
better  (Arab.)  khildf,  q.  v. 


J^ 


c^ 


hilaxn.     Hilam-hilam . 
ilam-ilamy  q.  v. 


visible  at  intervals ;  also 


jijt    hilau.     Flickering,  of  light.     Also  ilau. 

4jLJb    helah.      [Arab.  ^Ip-.]     Expedient,  stratagem. 
Also  elah, 

Ljt    hilai.     Loud  laughter ;  =  ilai,  q.  v. 


himat.  [Arab,  himmat.]  Entire  personality  ; 
body  and  soul ;  (by  extension)  devoting  oneself 
to,  care,  attention.  Jika  kita  jaga  dan  himat  : 
if  we  are  watchful  and  attentive ;  Sh.  Nas.,  6. 
Maka  bennain-lah  iya  dengan  beberapa  himat- 
nya  itu-pun  alah juga  iya:  then  they  played 
and  in  spite  of  every  care  she  got  the  worst 
of  it;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  31. 

hemuL  (Kedah.)  Officious  intrusion ;  im- 
pertinent questions;  =  (Riau,  Johor)  emul, 
q.  v. 


,  -jb    heman.     Jav.     Solicitous  affection;   interest; 
^-^^      care;  =  sayang. 

Baik   di-bacha    tuwa   dan   mnda, 
Menambahkan   heman   di-dalam   dada : 


let  all,  young  and  old,  read  it  and  increase  the 
love  (of  knowledge)  in  their  breasts;  Bint. 
Timor,  8  Jan,,  1895. 


hina.  [Skr.  hina.]  Mean,  poor,  miserable. 
H,  dina  :  id.,  frequentative ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb., 
Ht.  Jay.  Lengg.  Hina  keadaan  diri-ku  :  my 
position  is  a  very  humble  one;  Ht.  Abd.,  5. 
Jikalau  kira-nya  engkau  hina  meminta-lah  pada 
yang  muliya :  if  you  happen  to  be  of  mean 
station  ask  of  Him  who  is  All-noble;  Ht. 
Abd.,  5. 

Hinakan  :  to  disdain  ;  to  insult ;  to  treat  with 
contumely  or  contempt ;  Ht.  Abd.,  25,  83, 410 ; 
Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  6;  Sh.  Kumb.  Chumb.,  19. 
Menghinakan:  id.;  Ht.  Abd.,  92,  116,  187;  Sh. 
B.  A.  M.,  12.  Kehinaan :  degradation;  Ht. 
Abd.,  96,  280. 


Lju    hinai.     [Arab.  W.]     Henna.     Seeinai. 

^    hiyu.     A  generic  name  for  sharks  and  dog- 
"^      fish.     Seeyu. 


YA 


[    697    ] 


YANGYANG 


(5 


V. 


The  letter  yd  ;  the  thirty-second  letter  of  the 
Malay  alphabet ;  the  equivalent  of  the  number 
10  in  the  abjad,  q.  v. 

ya.     I.     A    vocative  interjection,     Ya  Allah: 
O  God.     Ya  tuhan-ku  :  O  my  Lord. 

II.  An  interjection  of  astonishment ;  Oh. 

III.  Yes ;  that  is  so ;  =  iya,  Anggok  bukan, 
gtiling  ya:  a  nod  means  **no"  and  a  turn  of 
the  head  means  "yes";  he  calls  black  white 
and  white  black;  Prov.,  cf.  J.  S.  A.  S., 
XXIV.,  89. 

Ya-itii:  that  is ;  i.e. ;  =  iya4Ui. 

IV.  The  name  of  the  letter  iS, 


Aj    yatim.     Orphan ;    fatherless ;    better   (Arab.) 
*  yatim,  q.  v. 


V^ 


u  yajllj.  Arab.  The  giant  Gog.  Ydjuj  wa 
majuj :  Gog  and  Magog;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
Berbuwat  kerja  saperti  ydj4j  wa  mdjuj :  to  do 
one's  work  like  Gog  and  Magog;  to  work 
roughly  and  hastily  ;  Prov. 


Cr- 


-y 


\. 


.1 


f^' 


A  A     yazan.     Turk.     Writing. 
OJ-      "Writing    Sword '^;    the 


Saifti'l-ydzdn  :   the 
name   of  a    Malay 


romance. 


\,    yasin.     The  name  of  a  surah   of  the  Kuran, 

headed  by  the  letter  jya  and  sin.  This  surah 
is  recited  over  the  dying.  Surah  yasin  :  id. ; 
Muj.,  10. 


yakut.     Arab.     A    precious    stone,    properly 

the  jacinth,  but  used  of  all  sorts  of  stones;  Ht. 
Gul  Bak.,  40;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  26. 

yahum.  Angin yahum  :  a  stern  wind ;  =  angin 
menumbok  kurong. 

yai.  Jav.  Younger  brother  or  sister ;  = 
(Malay)  adinda,  Yai  ingsim :  id. ;  Ht.  Sh. 
Haiyai  Paspawati,  pBrgi-lah  yai  tiingguwi  pintu 
istana  ini  :  Paspawati,  my  sister,  go  and  watch 
at  the  gate  of  the  palace ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 

ya-itu.  That  is ;  that  is  to  say  ;  namely  ;  i.e, ; 
to  wit ;  =  iya  itu. 

yatim.  Arab.  Orphaned;  a  motherless 
orphan.  BMambah-tambah  perchintaan  adinda 
melihatkan  segala  anak-anak  kakanda  itu  sudah 
jadi  yatim :  my  sorrow  was  increased  at  the  sight 
of  all  your  motherless  children;  Marsd.  Gr., 
144, 


tW    y^ana.    SeeoVy.. 


\  V    ya»hy§,.     Arab.    John.    I nji I  yahy a  :  the  Gospel 
according  to  St.  John. 

J^    yad.     Arab.     Hand ;  forepaw. 

rx^x    y^^^^'     ^^^b.     The  Jordan. 

/j\3j-    yarkan.     Arab.     Jaundice;  Hay.  Haiw. 

,_^  q^i    ya^kub.     Arab.     Jacob;     James;     a     proper 

name  often    met  with   among  Malays;     Ht. 
Abd.,  182. 

v«)    ysi'ni.      Arab.     This    is     to      say ;     to    wit ; 
^  *      namely. 


b: 


tf- 


yang.  1.  Divinity;  Godhead.  Sembah-yang: 
to  pray  to  God;  to  pray;  v.  sembahyang, 
Keyangan  :  the  abode  of  the  Gods ;  the  Hindu 
Olympus;  fairyland;  the  Heaven  of  Siva 
{betara  Guru)  in  contradistinction  to  that  of 
Indra,  ke-inderaan.  Sangyang : ''Holy  God'' ; 
a  major  Hindu  divinity ;  a  betara,  Sangyang 
Guru:  Betara  Guru fSivdi,  Sangyang  Tunggal: 
the  only  God;  Allah,  when  introduced  by 
later  Muhammadan  writers  into  old  Javanese 
tales, ^  Dewayang-maha-bisnu:  Vishnu.  Yang- 
yang :  God  of  Gods ;  an  occasional  equivalent 
of  Sangyang. 

II.  An  expression  having  the  force  of  a 
relative,  bringing  the  word  or  clause  following 
it  into  relation  with  that  which  precedes; 
e.g.,  masa yang  baik:  a  fortunate  time,  a  lucky 
moment.  The  word  must  not,  however,  be  too 
literally  translated  **who"  or  "which'*;  e.g., 
orang  tuwa  yang  sudah  tanggal  gigi-nya : 
(literally)  an  old  man  such  that  his  teeth  had 
fallen  out ;  an  old  man  whose  teeth  had  fallen 
out.  Yang  muliya:  "the  illustrious  one";  a 
common  expression  used  in  speaking  of  the 
addressee  in  letters.  Yang  maha-muliya :  "the 
Most  Illustrious";  an  expression  often  used 
as  an  equivalent  for  "His  Excellency."  Yang 
Maha-kuwasa :  the  Almighty.  Yang  Maha- 
tinggi :  the  Most  High. 

III.  A  title  used  in  addressing  ladies  of 
respectable  family  ;  an  abbreviation  of  dayang^ 

q.  V. 

yangyang.  God  of  Gods;  Great  God;  an 
occasional  equivalent  of  sangyang;  v.  yang. 
Saperti  yangyang  Bitara  Mahabisnu  indera 
keyangan :  like  the  God  of  Gods,  the  Betara, 
the  Great  Vishnu,  King  of  Heaven  ;  Ht.  Sh. 


I  E.g,,  in  the  last  selection  from  the  Hikayat  Sang 
Samba,  given  in  the  Malay  (Fourth)  Reader.  The  whole 
passage  there  quoted  seems  to  be  an  interpolation  and  does 
not  appear  in  the  older  versions  of  the  romance. 


YOP 


[    698    ] 


NYATA 


yop  or  yup.  An  appellation  or  titular  prefix 
used  with  the  names  of  male  children  of  some 
rank,  e.g.,  Yup  Mat :  Master  Mat.  The  woni 
is  a  corruption  of  kulup,  q.  v. 


ff 


yak.     Melachak  yak    or   belachak  yak 
abundant. 


to  be 


yaktn,  Arab.  Certain,  sure ;  definite  know- 
ledge. Terlalti  yaktn  didalam  hati-nya :  very 
confident  in  his  mind;  Sh.  Sg.  Kanch.,  11.  Cf. 
also  Ht.  Abd.,  6;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  129,  144; 
Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  63. 

yogiya.  Sa-yogiya-nya  :  as  is  fitting ;  properly ; 
appropriately.     Pronounced  saigianya. 

yamtuwan.  Ruler,  prince;  sovereign,  used 
of  a  reigning  prince;  =  yang  di-pMuwan. 
Yamtuwan  mnda :  a  title  given  in  some 
countries  to  the  heir-apparent.  Yamtuwan 
Daik :  the  Sultan  of  Daik  (Lingga) ;  Ht.  Abd., 
190,  327. 


rjS.    yaman.     Arab.     Yemen;    Arabia   Felix;  Ht. 
Abd.,  7. 

^    yaman!.     Arab.     Appertaining     to     Yemen ; 
the  adjective  of  yaman;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  40. 


yamyam.     A  title  given  to  a  Court  cook. 

3ni.  A  shark,  a  dog-fish ;  a  generic  name  for 
all  fish  of  the  shark  or  dog-fish  type.  Ikan 
yti :  id. ;  Sh.  Ik.  Trub.,  5 ;  Ht.  Sh.  Jong 
pechah  yu  saraty  or  jong  pechah  yu  yang 
kennyang :  when  the  junk  is  wrecked,  the 
sharks  fill  their  stomachs ;  it  is  an  ill  wind 
that  blows  nobody  any  good;  Prov.,  J.  S.  A. 
S.,  I.,  98.     Also  hiyu  and  iyti, 

Y.  bengkong :  the  hammer-headed  shark. 

y.  belangkas :  a  large  man-eating  shark, 

Y.  bodoh  :  a  dull-witted  kind  of  basking-shark 
which  is  very  harmless  and  very  easily  caught. 

Y.  gaji'gaji  or  y,  gergaji :    the  saw-fish,  or 
saw-nosed  shark. 


oVji 


Y.  harimau:  the  tiger-shark;  a  shark  with 
markings  on  its  body. 

Y.  kiya-kiya :  a  dog-fish  with  a  head  like  a 
ray  and  a  tail  like  a  shark.  Saperti  yu  kiya- 
kiya:  like  this  fish,  i,e.,  one  thing  at  one  end 
and  another  at  the  other;  double-faced, 
treacherous. 

Y.  palang  :  a  hammer-headed  shark;  a  variety 
of  the  y.  bengkong, 

Y.  sambaran :  a  man-eating  shark. 

Y.  to'kek :  a  savage  inedible  dog-fish. 

Y.  punai,  y.  kemBmtyan,  y.  ken  angi  and 
y.  lavas :  other  undescribed  varieties. 


^y. 


yojana  or  yujana.  [Skr.  ySjana  :  as  far  as  a 
bullock  can  travel  ?]  A  measure  of  length  of 
a  somewhat  indefinite  character,  usually  with 
the  idea  "as  far  as  the  eye  can  see  "  (clearly). 
Sa-yujana  mata  memandang :  id.;  Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
Sa-yujana  mata  menentang  :  id. ;  Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
Sa-yujana  is  usually  pronounced  saujana,  and 
is  treated  as  one  word,  e.g.,  pada^ig  saujana  :  a 
wide  plain. 

yuda.  (Kawi.)  War.  Berantay.:  the  Bha- 
rata-war;  the  Maha-bharata  as  known  to  the 
Malays.     Misa  kesomay, :  a  name;  Ht.  Sh. 


yiisuf.     Arab.    Joseph, 
of  the  Old  Testament. 

yogiya.    See  \iC. 


Nabi  y, :  the  Joseph 


y    yaum.     Arab.     Day    (of   twenty-four   hours). 
-^      YaumuH'kiydmat :  the  Day  of  Judgment ;  Ht. 
Mar.  Mah. 

O^ji    y^S*^-     Arab.     Ionia,  Greece. 

•  .    yftnus.     Arab.     Jonah;    a   name    often    met 
U*^*      with  among  Malays.     Nabf  Yunus  :  the  scrip- 
tural Jonah. 

Ja^    yahMa.     Arab.     Judah;   Judaea;    Ht.   Abd., 
•^  182. 

c5-^>fe    yahMl.     Arab.     Jewish;  Sh.  Sing.  Terb.,  29. 
Orang  y, :  a  Jew. 


6 


The  letter  nya  ;  the  thirty-third  and  last  letter 
of  the  Malay  alphabet ;  the  equivalent  for  the 
number  7,000  in  the  abjad,  q.  v. 


nya.  A  pronominal  suf&x  of  the  third  person 
possessive.  Kata-nya :  his  saying  (was) ;  he 
said.     Di'dBngar-nya  :  in  his  hearing ;  he  heard. 


u    nya.    The  name  of  the  letter 


^U  nyata.  [Skr.  niyata,]  Clear,  obvious,  plain, 
'  visible,  evident,  manifest,  conspicuous.  Puteri 
itu  tiyada  dapat  di-pandang  nyata  daripada 
paras-nya:  the  princess  could  not  be  seen 
clearly  owing  to  (the  dazzling  nature  of)  her 
beauty;  Cr.  Gr.,  18.  Nyata-lah  Saiyid  Yasin 
itu  ada  b^rkutang  lagi :  it  was  shown  in 
evidence  that  Saiyid  Yasin  still  owed  money ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  243.  Khabar  dengan  bUul  lagi 
nyata :  clear  and  reliable  news ;  Ht.  Abd.,  469. 
Nyatakan  and  mBnyatakan :  to  make  clear,  to 
show. 


NYATOH 


[    699    ] 


nyIsnyulong 


T    nyatoh.      A     valuable     timber-tree ;     payena 
costata. 


J 


iV. 


lTJ^ 


v>V> 


o* 


cA". 


nyadar. 

nyedar. 

nyaris. 

about. 


6^ 


J.- 


Fast  asleep ;  sound  asleep.     Usually 


Nearly;  all  but ;  just  short  of ;  just 


Batang   teja   di-dalam  puwan, 
^aris  hilafig  dengan  permata; 

Abang  menentang  durja-mu,   tiiwan, 
Nyariskan  hilang  badan  kakanda  : 

when  I  saw  you,  my  fair  one,  face  to  face,  I 
nearly  died  (of  longing  for  your  beauty) ;  Ht. 
Sh.  Kub. 

In  some  cases  nyaris  ta'  is  used  in  the  sense 
**  all  but." 

Dato'   Penghidu  dudok   berkikir, 
Tempat  simbahyang    di~tepi   kolam ; 

Hujan   di'htdu,   htijan   di-hiliv^ 
Gunong   tinggi  nyaris   ta'-karam  : 

rain  up  country  and  rain  in  the  lowlands  till 
the  lofty  mountains  were  all  but  swamped  in 
the  deluge. 

nyarang.     A  plant  (unidentified). 

nyaring.  Clear,  shrill,  of  sound.  Dengan 
nyaring  suwara-nya :  in  a  clear  voice;  Ht.  Sg. 
Samb.  Demikiyan  kata  naga  iUi-piin  nyaring - 
nyaring  juga  suwara-nya  yang  paiek  dengar :  so 
said  the  dragon  in  a  very  clear  voice  which 
I  could  hear;  Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 

Maha-nyaring :    most    clear   or   distinct,    of 
sound ;  very  shrill. 

nyarap.  (Riau,  Johor.)  To  close  an  orifice 
with  a  stopper ;  to  plug  or  cork  up  anything. 

nyapang.  A  friend,  a  companion.  Jangan 
di4epaskan  takut  terkSjut  nyapang :  do  not  let 
it  go  or  your  friend  may  be  frightened ;  Ht. 
Koris. 

nyala.  Flaring  up ;  glowing ;  shining.  Dan 
api'pun  b^rnyala-nyala-lah  laksana  apt  raja 
Namrud  hendak  membakar  nabi  Allah  Ibrahim 
KhalUuHlah  :  the  fire  flared  up  as  did  the  fire 
of  the  king  of  Nineveh  when  he  wished  to 
burn  Abraham,  the  friend  of  God;  Ht.  Gul 
Bak.,  149.  Saperti  apt  bernyala-nyala  mavah- 
nya  :  his  wrath  glowed  like  fire ;  Ht.  Abd.,  250. 
Menyala  :  to  glow,  to  flare  up. 

nyamok.  A  mosquito.  Damh  ny. :  mosquito 
blood.  Tepok  nyamok  menjadi  daki :  if  you 
slap  a  mosquito  it  is  turned  into  filth  (on  your 
body);  a  choice  of  unpleasant  alternatives; 
Frov. 

nyaman.  A  sound  healthful  feeling ;  feeling 
comfortable  or  "fit."  Beradu  ta'4ena,  makan 
ta'-nyaman :  sleeping  badly  and  troubled  by 
his  food;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  5.  Khabarkan 
nyaman :  give  a  pleasant  reply  (to  questions) ; 
Sh.  Ibl.,  2. 


.\4 


^\, 


L5l 


& 


^r 


nyawa.  Soul,  life,  spirit;  *'life,"  *' my  life," 
as  a  term  of  endearment.  Membuwang  ny.  : 
to  throw  away  one*s  life,  Membuwangkan  ny,  : 
id. ;  Sh.  Bur.  Nuri,  21,  22.     Hal  kita  manusiya 

bernyawa  rapoh :  we  mortals  have  but  a  frail 
existence ;  Ht.  Abd.,  80.  Nyawa-nyawa  ikan  : 
life  like  that  of  a  fish  out  of  water  ;  hovering 
between  life  and  death;  Ht.  Abd.,  66;  Sh. 
Lamp.,  12.  Nyawa  bergantong  di-hujong  kuku : 
life  hanging  from  the  tips  of  the  nails;  life 
that  is  most  precarious ;  Prov.  Badan  di-atas 
nyawa  di-bawah  :  the  body  above  and  the  soul 
below, — a  riddling  description  of  a  kite  flown 
by  a  boy. 

Asam  kandis,   asam   gelugor, 
Ketiga   dengan  asam   rembuniya ; 

Nyawa  mlnangis   dupinttc  kubor 
HBndak   balek  ka-dalam  dtmya : 

the  soul  weeps  at  the  door  of  the  tomb 
wishing  once  more  to  return  to  the  earth. 

nyai,  (Balinese.)  Younger  sister;  =  adinda  ; 
Ht.  Koris,  Ht.  Sh.,  Ht.  Ind.  Nata.  From 
being  a  term  of  endearment  used  to  a  wife 
or  mistress,  the  expression  has  now  come  to 
mean  the  (Javanese)  mistress  of  a  European. 


JjU   nyanyok. 


Dull,    doting;    Ht.    Best.     Orang 

ttiwa  iuyanyok  :  an  old  dotard ;  a  man  in  his 
second  childhood. 


i^n 


'J^ 


,V)  nyanyi.  Singing,  to  sing.  Birnyanyikan  apa- 
kah  budak  kutok  mi  :  what  is  this  young  rascal 
singing ;  Ht.  Koris.  Tarekkan  nyanyi :  to 
draw  out  the  notes  of  a  song;  to  sing.  Sha'tr 
nyanyiyan  :  a  poem  intended  to  be  sung ;  Sh. 
Jub.  MaL,  2.  Menyanyi :  to  sing;  Ht.  Gul 
Bak.,  II,  108. 

nyut.  Nyut-nyut :  the  throbbing  of  a  boil  or 
of  the  pulse  or  fontanel.     Cf.  demtyut 

nySdar.     Sound,  heavy,  of  sleep. 

nyfidSra.     A  variant  of  nyedar^  Ht  Koris. 

nyang.  I.  A  (Batavia)  variant  of  yang,  II., 
q.  V. 

II.     To'  nyang  :  great -great  grandfather. 

nyongkum.  Cuddling  up  against,  as  the 
child  cuddles  up  against  the  mother;  Sh. 
Panj.  Sg. 

nyap.  Nyap-nyap  :  (Onom.)  The  noise  made 
by  young  chickens ;  tweeting ;  twittering. 

nyampang.  Senyampang:  just  exactly  (now) ; 
just  at  that  (or  this)  very  moment. 

nySnnyai.  Coarsely  or  loosely  woven,  of  cloth ; 
badly  made,  of  a  carpet,  which  is  of  unequal 
thickness  and  of  too  wide  interstices. 

nygnyulong.  A  (Kedah)  variant  of  jBnjulong; 
v.  jolong. 


NYOLO 


[    700    ] 


NYENYEH 


^jj    nyolo.      [Chin.?]     A  brazier 


b^ 
^ji 


A.t>ji 


^ 


"i 


•^ 


A 


^ 


nyonya.     See  nyonyah. 


Hyonyot.  Pulling  out  anything  that  gives 
way  under  a  pull;  pulling  at  the  breast,  of 
children;  drawing  by  suction,  sucking;  pulling 
a  thing  to  pieces. 


nyonyong.  Puffed  up,  as  a  lip  swollen  by  a 
blow.     Terkenyonyong :  id. 

nyonyah.  An  appellation  or  title  given  (in 
Java)  to  married  European  or  Chinese  ladies 
of  some  position  ;  (in  the  Straits)  to  Straits- 
born  Chinese  and  Eurasian  ladies.  Cf.  nonah 
and  baba. 

nyonyeh.  (Onom.)  The  sound  made  by  a 
toothless  old  man  trying  to  speak;  old  and 
toothless. 

nyah.  Moving  off;  quitting ;  rapid  departure ; 
off,  be  off.  Also  ennyah,  Nyah-lah  engkaii : 
be  off!  Maka  di-halau  orang4ah  akan  5.  A. 
itu,  nyah  daripada  UmpaUnya  dudok  itu  :  S.  A. 
was  expelled  by  them,  and  disappeared  from 
his  place  of  residence ;  Ht.  Kal.  Dam.,  384. 
Lalu  di-nyahkan-lah  daripada  negeri-nya :  then 
he  was  driven  from  his  country;  Ht.  Ind. 
Meng. 

nyeh.  Removing  mucus  from  the  nose  (in 
the  native  way) ;  the  Malay  practice  corres- 
ponding in  results  to  the  use  of  a  pocket- 
handkerchief. 

nyiyat.  Nyiyat-nyiyat :  a  medicinal  herb  used 
as  a  remedy  for  the  itch. 

nyiris.     See  nyireh. 

nyini.  A  winnowdng-pan  or  sieve.  Matahari 
itu  buleh'kah  di4utnp  dengan  nyiru  :  can  the  sun 
be  concealed  by  a  winnowing  sieve ;  a  proverb 
ridiculing  attempts  to  attain  great  results  with 
trifling  measures;  J.  S.  A.  S,,  II.,  158. 

nyireh.  A  tree  growing  on  the  sea-shore  and 
yielding  a  large  inedible  fruit ;  carapa  moluccana; 
Sej.  MaL,  116.     Also  (Selangor)  nyiris. 

nyilu.     On  edge,  of  the  teeth.     Also  ngilu. 

nyior.  The  coco-nut,  cocos  nucifera.  The 
word  kelapa  is  sometimes  used  in  the  same 
sense  (Riau,  Johor,  not  Kedah)  but  is  strictly 
speaking  confined  to  the  dry  nut,  copra. 


U^ 


^t-* 


The  Malays  recognize  the  following  species 
of  coco-nut  according  to  the  colour  of  the  nut : 
ny.  gadifig,  ny,  hijau^  ny.  khumba,  and  ny, 
merah.  They  also  recognize  two  varieties 
according  to  edibility  :  ny,  maiiis  (the  husk  of 
which  is  eaten)  and  ny,  tampok  manis  (which 
is  edible  near  the  stalk).  They  also  give  the 
name  ny.  laut  to  the  coco-de-mer  or  pauh 
janggi. 

They  also  recognize  the  following  varieties 
in  the  nut  according  to  its  stage  of  growth  : 

Ny,  chungkilan  :  a  nut  when  the  outer  shell 
has  to  be  cut  by  a  knife ; 

Ny,  di-makan  bulan  :  a  coco-nut  without  water 
in  it; 

Ny,  gigi  bUalang  :  a  coco-nut  which  is  light 
on  one  side  and  darker  coloured  on  the  other ; 
Ny,  gonchang  sa-kali  :  =.  ny,  semantan ; 

Ny,  gubal :  a  nut  with  the  husk  cut  off  so 
as  to  lighten  it  S6r  transport ; 

Ny,  ingman  :  the  young  coco-nut  with  a  thin 
inner  coating  of  edible  matter  ; 

Ny,  kelongkong  :  the  young  coco-nut  when  the 
inner  shell  has  formed,  but  before  the  edible 
part  has  commenced  to  form ; 

Ny,  komeng :  an  abortive  coco-nut  containing 
no  edible  matter  inside ; 

Ny.  kotai  :  a  seed-coco-nut; 

Ny.  ladeh  :  a  coco-nut  the  water  of  which  has 
coagulated  into  a  pulp  ; 

Ny,  mnmbang :  the  very  young  coco-nut ;  the 
nut  when  it  first  appears ; 

Ny,  semantan :  the  coco-nut  when  the  water  in 
it  can  be  heard  on  the  coco- nut  being  shaken. 

Ny.  sungkoran  :  the  coco-nut  which  can  be 
scraped  out  shell  and  all,  the  shell  not  having 
commenced  to  harden ; 

Ny.  tahan  hikor :  the  coco-nut  just  before  the 
water  in  it  can  be  heard  on  shaking  the  nut ; 

Ny,  telinga  kambing  :  the  coco-nut  when  it  has 
commenced  to  harden  (one  end  hardening 
first). 

nyenyen.  Insulting,  affronting ;  teasing, 
**  badgering,*'  annoying; — used  especially  of 
children  teasing  each  other  in  childish  ways. 

nyenyeh.  I.  Mmyenyeh :  to  press  the  ac- 
ceptance of  a  gift  on  any  one ;  to  importune 
a  person  to  accept. 

II.  A  pirate  chief. 

III.  A  variant  oi  nyenyen,  q.  v. 


^(^ 


=)g 


Missing 
Page 


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Page 


A 

MALAY-ENGLISH 

DICTIONARY 


BY 


R.    J.    WILKINSON, 

{Straits    Settlements    Civil    Service). 


Part   III. 

APPENDICES, 

INDEX, 

ADDENDA    et    CORRIGENDA, 


Sinoaporc : 

PRINTED     AND     PUBLISHED 


BY 


KELLY    &    WALSH,     LIMITED, 

32,    Raffles    Place, 


AND     AT 


HONGKONG,     SHANGHAI,     and    YOKOHAMA. 

1903. 


PREFACE. 


The  requirements  of  a  student  of  Malay  vary  with  the  object  with  which  he  is  learning  the 
language ;  indeed,  one  might  almost  say  that  the  language  to  be  acquired  similarly  varies.  No 
single  book  can  meet  the  needs  of  every  learner.  To  avoid  misunderstanding,  therefore,  I  wish 
to  clearly  set  out  the  Hmitations  of  this  work.  It  confines  itself  to  the  Malay  of  literature  and 
to  the  colloquial  of  the  two  principal  dialects  spoken  in  the  Straits  Settlements.  It  is  not  written 
for  the  beginner,  nor  is  it  encyclopaedic  enough  for  the  specialist.  It  does  not  deal  exhaustively 
with  any  single  branch  of  Malay  research,  but  it  will,  I  hope,  be  found  useful  in  advanced  studies 
of  a  general  character,  in  the  interpretation  of  documents,  and  in  giving  more  precision  generally 
to  translations  in  Courts  of  Law. 

It  is  often  thought  that  the  merits  of  a  Malay  Dictionary  are  to  be  measured  by  the  number 
of  new  words  that  it  contains.  This  is  a  somewhat  narrow  view  of  the  matter.  A  few  common 
words  and  expressions  have  doubtless  been  accidentally  omitted  in  the  excellent  works  of  the 
Dutch  lexicographers,  but  the  average  ''  new  word  "  only  owes  its  novelty  to  its  limited  use  and 
range.  A  story  is  related  of  a  local  student  who  was  delighted  to  discover  a  term  so  rare  that  it 
was  confined  to  folk-lore  about  the  otter ;  his  pleasure  was  damped  by  the  exclamation  of  one  of 
his  hearers,  ''  think  how  useful  this  word  will  be  to  all  of  us."  The  study  of  little-known  dialects 
such  as  those  of  Situl,  Perils  or  Patani,  would  provide  innumerable  new  words,  just  as  the  study 
of  Aberdonian  might  be  used  to  supplement  our  best  English  Dictionaries.  The  Kedah  dialect 
has  never  received  much  attention  at  the  hands  of  Dutch  authorities  so  that  a  fair  proportion  of 
new  expressions  will  be  found  to  be  included  in  this  work;  at  the  same  time,  my  primary  aim 
has  been  the  more  precise  explanation  and  illustration  of  the  better-known  words  rather  than  the 
inclusion  of  the  less-known.  Quotations  from  every  department  of  Malay  literature  have  been 
used  to  explain  and  illustrate  the  range  and  meaning  of  terms  and  expressions.  References  to 
the  book  quoted  are  given  so  as  to  render  it  easy  for  the  advanced  student  not  only  to  see  for 
himself  how  a  word  is  used,  but  also  where  it  is  used,  and  to  judge  of  its  antiquity  and  the  class 
of  Uterature  in  which  it  is  found.  Many  Malay  works  have  never  been  printed  ;  in  such  cases  a 
reference  is  given  to  the  name  (generally  well-known)  of  the  work  itself  while  the  original  MSS. 
have  been  presented  to  the  Cambridge  University  Library.  Much  use  has  also  been  made  of 
the  numerous  proverbs,  quatrains  and  idiomatic  sayings  common  among  Malays.  These  features 
will,  I  hope,  add  to  the  practical  utility  of  the  book. 


[     ii     ] 


A  Dictionary  deals  with  such  a  range  of  subjects  that  it  must  be  largely  a  compilation 
based  upon  the  labours  of  others.  By  giving  references,  I  have  acknowledged  Avhat  I  directly 
owe  to  other  writers,  but  I  do  not  wish  my  indebtedness  to  them  to  be  only  measured  by 
matters  of  detail.  They  have  helped  me  by  the  models  they  have  furnished,  the  enquiries 
they  have  suggested  and  the  checks  which  they  have  provided  on  information  independently 
obtained.  It  is  not  a  question  of  originality  in  the  narrowest  sense  of  the  word, — not  a  question 
of  material  so  much  as  of  assistance.  But  for  the  existence  of  the  Dictionaries  of  Klinkert, 
PijNAPPEi.  and  VON  Dewall,  this  work  would  have  been  impossible  on  its  present  scale.  They 
in  their  turn  owed  much  to  the  labour  of  predecessors  such  as  Roorda  van  Eysinga,  who  owed 
much  to  Marsden.  I  have  also  been  greatly  assisted  by  the  Malay  proverbs  collected  by 
Mr.  Hugh  Clifford  and  the  late  Sir  William  Maxwell,  and  by  the  unfinished  Malay-English 
Dictionary  of  Mr.  Clifford  and  Sir  Frank  Swettenham.  My  thanks  are  due  to 
Mr.  H.  N.  Ridley  for  permission  to  practically  embody  his  list  of  Malay  plant-names  in  this 
book,  to  Mr.  A.  L.  Butler  for  a  list  of  bird-names  (given  in  the  Addenda),  and  to 
Dr.  H.  L.  E.  LuERiNG  and  Mr.  W.  W.  Skeat  for  general  assistance  given  throughout  the  work. 
Indeed  the  work  was  originally  taken  up  at  Mr.  Skeat's  suggestion  and  in  collaboration  with 
him.  I  wish  also  to  express  my  gratitude  to  Mr.  W.  Langham  Carter  for  revising  the  proofs 
of  this  book  during  my  absence  in  Europe  to  Dr.  R.  Hanitsch  for  identifying  many  shells, 
snakes  and  birds  collected  by  me  for  lexicographical  purposes,  and  to  Zainu'l-*abidin  bin 
Kasim,  a  munshi  in  Singapore,  for  his  zeal  in  procuring  Malay  books  and  manuscripts  for  me, 
and  for  his  patience  in  undertaking  much  of  the  drudgery  inseparable  from  the  preparation  of  a 
Dictionary.  The  service  rendered  me  by  my  printers  is  obvious  ;  but  I  should  like  to  specially 
acknowledge  the  trouble  taken  by  Mr.  G.  Brinkworth  in  arranging  the  plan  of  pubhcation, 
and  by  Mr.  J.  E.Tyler  in  carrying  it  out.  Dr.  Giles'  Chinese  Dictionary  suggested  many 
features  of  this  book. 

R.  J.  WILKINSON. 

LuMUT,  Dindings, 

1st  January,  1903. 


INTRODUCTION. 


MALAY   HISTORY  AND   LITERATURE. 

The  original  home  of  the  Malay  race — or,  to  speak  more  precisely,  the  country  in  which  the 
Malays  first  differentiated  themselves  from  kindred  races — was  probably  in  Central  Sumatra. 
A  Sumatran  origin  can  be  traced  in  history  or  legend  for  the  inhabitants  of  Riau,  Johor, 
Malacca,  Pahang  and  Selangor,  and  for  the  *' Menangkabau ''  communities  dwelling  in  Naning 
and  in  the  modern  **  Negri  Sembilan."  The  history  of  the  Northern  States  of  the  Peninsula  is 
somewhat  obscure,  and  the  circumstances  under  which  they  came  to  be  founded  are  not 
sufficiently  explained  by  the  little  we  have  of  royal  genealogies  and  popular  folk-lore.  It 
would  appear,  at  least,  that  the  Malays  are  not  indigenous  to  the  country.  In  the  mountains 
of  the  interior  there  are  found  aboriginal  tribes  of  at  least  two  very  distinct  racial  types.  Many  of 
these  aborigines  speak  a  language  akin  in  some  respects  to  ancient  Cambodian  (Khmer).  Some 
old  civilisation  can  also  be  traced  in  mining-shafts  constructed  with  forgotten  skill,  in  rock- 
inscriptions  (in  Kedah,  Province  Wellesley,  Singapore  and  the  Karimon  Islands),  and  in  curious 
clay  tablets,  stamped  with  undeciphered  lettering,  which  have  been  found  in  old  Kedah  graves. ' 
The  traditions  of  the  last  mentioned  state  recognize  three  periods  in  its  history:  (i)  the  modern 
period  dating  from  the  arrival  in  Kedah  of  the  first  king,  Marong  Mahawangsa ;  (2)  the  heroic 
age  to  which  the  unpublished  tales  of  men  like  "  Trong  Pipit"  and  **  Selampit  "  belong; 
(3)  the  age  of  the  demi-god  Sri  Rama.  Indeed  Marong  Mahawangsa's  followers  are  represented 
as  having  intermarried  with  the  Gergasi  aborigines  so  that  no  claim  is  put  forward  for  the 
indigenous  character  of  the  Malayan  element  in  Kedah.  It  also  seems  reasonable  to  infer  by 
analogy  that  that  element  in  the  North  as  well  as  in  the  South  of  the  Peninsula  was  introduced 
by  emigration  from  the  Sumatran  coast. 

The  alteration  of  trade-routes  through  the  use  of  steam-power  has  obscured  the  fact  that 
the  Straits  of  Sunda  and  not  those  of  Malacca  were  until  quite  recently  the  door  of  communica- 
tion between  the  West  and  the  Far  East.  It  was,  no  doubt,  by  this  route  that  the  silks  of 
China  found  their  way  to  the  markets  of  the  Roman  Empire.  Who  were  the  pioneers  of  this 
very  ancient  trade  ?     Fa  Hien,  a  Chinese  monk,  who  travelled  (a.d.  400)  through  Tibet  and 


I  These  tablets  are  in  the  Raffles  Museum.  I  was  also  shown  (1901)  photographs  of  two  curious  bronze  vessels 
(possibly  bells)  dug  up  at  Klang,  and  a  copy  of  a  curious  old  book  said  to  be  the  sacred  book  of  a  community  near 
Singgora.    I  was  also  given  by  Kedah  Malays  a  series  of  numerals  said  to  be  the  ancient  numerals  of  their  country. 


Cashmere  to  India  and  Ceylon,  makes  it  clear  that  his  countrymen  were  not  the  great  navi- 
gators of  that  time.'  He  relates  that  from  Ceylon  he  went  by  sea  to  **  a  country  called  Java- 
dvipa  where  various  forms  of  error  and  Brahmanism  are  flourishing."  He  stayed  in  JaA^a  some 
months  and  then  took  ship  to  China  with  a  number  of  merchants  who  were  Brahmans  and 
therefore  hostile  to  the  Buddhist  Fa  Hien."^  Nor  were  the  crew  Chinese,  for  on  landing  on  an 
unknown  part  of  the  China  coast,  they  '^called  on  Fa  Hien  to  act  as  interpreter."  ^  It  seems 
fairly  clear  that  these  early  merchants  were  Indians  and  that  they  had  established  trading 
stations  on  the  coast  of  Java.  From  the  ports  of  Java,  Hinduism  gradually  spread  to  the 
interior,  till  it  led  to  the  rise  of  great  kingdoms  and  to  the  building  of  monuments  like  the 
temples  of  Boro-Bodur  and  Brambanan  that  represent  the  highest  degree  of  civilisation  to 
which  any  autonomous  Indonesian  states  have  attained. 

The  first  historic  seat  of  Malay  rule  was  Pagar  Ruyong  (in  the  mountains  of  Sumatra),  the 
capital  of  the  so-called  "  Empire  of  Menangkabau."  Inscriptions  in  an  ancient  Javanese 
character  tend  to  show  that  the  rise  of  this  state  may  have  been  in  some  measure  due  to  Hindu 
influences.  Very  little  is  really  known  about  this  old  *' Empire."  Traditions  of  its  greatness 
survive  in  legendary  histories  such  as  the  Sejarah  Melayti  and  in  the  claims  of  royal  houses  to 
descent  from  the  ruling  family  of  Pagar  Ruyong.  Greatness  is  a  relative  term ;  the  fame  of 
Menangkabau  may  be  due  to  the  fact  that  it  was  the  mother-country  whence  Malay  colonies 
descended  in  all  directions  to  the  sea  rather  than  to  any  actual  dominion  which  it  exercised  over 
other  districts.  In  any  case  the  inhabitants  of  this  highland  state  seem  to  have  developed  a 
certain  degree  of  culture  independently  of  foreign  influence.  They  excel,  to  this  day,  in  the 
industrial  arts  and  in  agriculture.  They  retain  curious  old  customs  such  as  their  law  of 
succession  through  females  and  the  limitation  of  land-tenure  to  women.  The  most  remarkable 
feature  about  these  Malays  is  their  possession  of  most  elaborate  tribal  constitutions  under  which 
the  power  of  the  chiefs  is  controlled  by  the  operation  of  customary  law.  The  security  of  tenure 
W'hich  these  little  communities  consequently  enjoy  has  made  them  continuously  prosperous  and 
may  explain  the  growth  of  population  which  sent  their  colonies  beyond  the  seas.  There  is  a 
native  proverb:  ^^  dull-witted  are  the  men  of  Menangkabau  who  have  no  footing  on  the  sea."'^ 
The  reproach  is  ill-deserved.  The  chiefs  on  the  coast,  where  absolutism  is  the  great  feature  of 
government,  have  given  the  Malay  name  an  evil  reputation  for  piracy,  treachery,  murder  and 

1  '*  Several  years  liacl  now  elapsed  since  Fa  Hien  left  the  land  of  Han  ;   the  men  with  whom  he  had  been  in  inter- 

course  had  all  been  of  regions  strange  to  him  :  his  eyes  had  not  rested  on  an  old  and  familiar  hill  or  river,  plant  or  tree ; 

and  a  constant  sadness  was  in  his  heart.  Suddenly  when  by  the  side  of  this  image  of  jade  (in  Ceylon)  he  saw  a 
merchant  presenting  as  his  offering  a  fan  of  white  silk ;  and  the  tears  of  sorrow  involuntarily  filled  his  eyes  and  fell 
down."     LegCxE,  Fa  Hien's  Record  of  Buddhistic  Kingdoms,  pp.  102,  103. 

2  After  daybreak  the  Brahmans  deliberated  together  and  said  :  **it  is  having  this  Sramana  on  board  which  has 
occasioned  our  misfortune  (a  storm)  and  brought  us  this  great  and  bitter  suffering.  Let  us  land  the  bhikshu  and  place 
him  on  some  island  shore.  We  must  not  for  the  sake  of  one  man  allow  ourselves  to  be  exposed  to  such  imminent 
peril." — Legge's  Fa  Hien,  p,  113. 

3  *  Legge's  Fd  Hien,  p,  114. 

4  Bodoh  orang  Menangkabau  yang  tiyada  menumpu  laiit. 


misrule.  Contact  with  the  more  civiHzed  nations  of  the  West  brought  a  certain  amount  of 
enhghtenment  to  the  maritime  Malays,  but  placed  them  in  the  position  of  parasitic  communities 
dependent  for  their  welfare  upon  the  trade  of  others  rather  than  in  that  of  states  slowly  working 
out  original  civilizations  of  their  own. 

The  stream  of  emigration  from  the  Sumatran  highlands  to  the  coasts  brought  the  Malays 
into  relation  with  Persian  and  Arab  traders  on  the  one  coast  and  with  the  Indo-Javanese  civili- 
sation on  the  other.  The  story  of  the  Sejarah  Melayu  is  that  the  Eastward  emigrants  first 
settled  in  Palembang,  then  in  the  Riau-Lingga  archipelago,  then  in  Singapore,  and  finally  in 
Malacca.  It  was  not  till  they  reached  Malacca  that  they  came  into  touch  with  Moslem  traders 
and  were  converted  to  Muhammadanism.  In  Malacca  many  influences  met  and  blended.  The 
Sejarah  Melayu  mentions  relations  with  the  Coromandel  coast  while  we  know  from  Portuguese 
accounts  that  there  was  a  Javanese  colony  resident  in  the  tov\m  and  from  Chinese  records  that 
Chinese  traders  visited  the  place. 

In  the  meantime  the  stream  of  emigrants  from  Menangkabau  to  the  Western  shores  of 
Sumatra  were  brought  into  contact  with  the  stations  which  the  traders  from  the  Persian  Gulf 
had  established  upon  the  coast.  There  is  no  record  to  prove  exactly  when  these  traders  first 
appeared  in  the  Archipelago.  The  literature  introduced  by  them  shows  a  Persian  rather  than 
an  Arabian  origin,  but  it  belongs  to  Muhammadan  Persian  and  not  to  Pehlevi.  They  were 
certainly  in  Sumatra  in  the  days  of  Marco  Polo;  and  in  the  fourteenth,  fifteenth  and  sixteenth 
centuries  they  were  influential  enough  to  make  the  native  rulers  adopt  the  Moslem  reh'gion  and 
put  forward  fictitious  pedigrees  claiming  descent  from  Persian  kings. 


These  pedigrees,  false  though  they  may  be,  are  interesting  and  instructive.  According  to 
the  Sejarah  Melayu^  the  ancestor  of  the  royal  line  of  Malacca  was  ''  Aristun  Shah,''  a  son  of  the 
Macedonian  Alexander  and  of  "  Shahru'l-bariyah."  Then  follows  an  extraordinary  line  of 
descent,  according  to  which  Ardashir  Babagan,  the  first  of  the  Sassanian  line  of  Persian  kings, 
married  a  daughter  of  Nushirvan  the  Just  (Chosroes)  who  was  one  of  the  last  of  the  same 
dynasty.  Ultimately  one  of  this  line  is  represented  as  having  descended  into  the  depths  of  the 
ocean  and  m.arried  a  mermaid,  whose  children  returned  to  the  earth  to  claim  their  father's 
heritage  in  the  land  of  "  Andalus "  or  Palembang.  F'rom  this  point  the  pedigree  given  is 
straightforward  enough.  According  to  the  Bustdmi's-Saldtm,  the  Sultans  of  Acheen  w^ere  also 
descended  from  Alexander  the  Great.  The  Btistdnu's-Salat^n  is  a  very  scholarly  work  which  is 
clearly  based  on  Perso-Arabic  models  and  which  gives  references  to  Tabari's  Annals,  to 
Firdausi's  Epic  of  Kings,  and  to  other  well-known  books.  It  does  not  attempt  to  explain  hov/ 
the  Sultans  of  Acheen  claimed  descent  from  the  Sassanian  dynasty,  but  sets  out  with  great 
accuracy  the  Persian  version  of  the  descent  of  the  Sassanians  from  the  Macedonian  conqueror. 
The  rulers  of  Menangkabau,  in  their  list  of  titles,  also  claimed  descent  from  Alexander.  The 
Sultans  of  Kedah  contented  themselves  with  a  comparatively  modest  claim  to  descent  from  a 


trusted  statesman  of  Alexander's  empire,  Marong  Mahawangsa,  **  vizier  of  Rum.'*     This  humility 
may  have  been  due  to  the  fear  of  offending  the  powerful  rulers  of  Acheen. 

The  Sassanian  kings  never  themselves  claimed  descent  from  the  Macedonian  conqueror. 
To  them,  he  was  ''  the  accursed  Alexander  the  Roman,"  who  did  his  best  to  destroy  the  Magian 
religion.  The  legend  that  Alexander  was  descended  from  the  Kaianian  kings  (Achaemenides) 
and  the  Sassanian  line  from  Alexander,  was  the  invention  of  a  later  time  and  was  grafted  upon 
that  version  of  his  life  which  has  come  to  be  known  as  the  *'  Pseudo-Callisthenes '*  story. 

This  story  first  appeared  (so  far  as  we  know)  in   Egypt  about  the  year   200  b.c.     It  was 
written  in  Greek  and  was,  at  one  time,  beheved  to  be  the  work  of  Callisthenes,  one  of  the  Con- 
queror's companions.     It  is  the  least  reliable  of  the  extant  lives  of  Alexander,  but  its  very  fault — a 
fondness  for  the  miraculous — ensured  its  popularity  and  made  it  play  a  great  part    in  almost 
every    European   and   West-Asiatic   literature.      The    Greek  version    [followed  by  the   Early 
English,   Romance,   Latin,   Byzantine,   Syriac,   Aethiopic,   and   (possibly)   Armenian  versions] 
begins  by  representing  Alexander  to  have  been  the  son  of  Nectanebo,  last  king  of  Egypt,  by 
Olympias  whom  he  deceived  in  the  disguise  of  the  Egyptian  deity  Amen-ra  (Jupiter  Ammon). 
The  Persians  altered  this  part  of  the  story  to  one  more   pleasing  to  their  national   pride. 
According   to   them   Alexander   was   the   grandson   and   not   the   son  of  Philip  of  Macedon. 
Alexander's  father,  they  said,  was  an  elder   Darius   (Dara),   who  divorced  his  wife,   Philip's 
daughter,  in  ignorance  that  she  was  pregnant.     In  this  way,  the  Macedonian  conqueror — and 
not  Darius  Codomannus  (Darab) — was  the  true  heir  to  the  Persian  crown,  and  his  success  did 
not   place  Persia   under   the  rule  of  an  alien.     The  Persian  story  is  followed  by  the  Malay 
Hikdyat  Iskandar  dzuH-Karnain^  while  the  account  of  the  birth  of  Aristun  Shah,  without  his 
father's  knowledge,  is  merely  transferring  to  Alexander's  son  (in  the  Sejarah  Melayu)  the  story 
which  Firdausi  tells  of  Alexander  himself.     The  legend  of  the  journey  of  King  Suran  into  the 
depths  of  the  sea  is  also  an  exaggerated  version  of  the  adventures  of  Alexander  who  is  repre- 
sented as  having  undergone  a  similar  experience.     The  name    *' Aristun  Shah  "  is  one  of  the 
Persian   equivalents  of  Aristotle,  who  plays   a  considerable  part  in  the  Pseudo-Callisthenes 
legends.      The     name   ShahruH-bariyah  is   an   Arabic   equivalent  for  the   Persian   Raushanak, 
Roxana.     There  are  however  two  points  which  show  that  the  Malay  version  comes  from  a  very 
late  Persian  account.     The  simple  and  early  form  of  the  story,  as  given  in  the   Epic  of  Kings, 
only  mentions  one  Indian  prince,  Porus  (Fur),  and  does  not  allude  to  *' Andalus."'     The  later 
and  longer  stories  mention  two  Indian  kings,  Porus  and  '*  Kaid  the  Indian,"  the  Malay  **  Raja 
Kidahindi,''  whose  daughter  (both  in  the  Persian  *   and  in  the  Malay  accounts)  Alexander  is 
represented  as  having  married.     The  later   versions   also   mention   Andalus   (Andalusia)    and 
identify  it  with  the  Kingdom  of  Queen  Candace. 

1  Usually  pronounced  Endelas  by  modern  Malays. 

2  In  this  term  I  include  Persian  accounts  written  in  Arabic.     Raid's  daughter  was  not  Raushanak  (Roxana). 


The  identification  of  Andalusia  with  Palembang  in  Sumatra  is  only  one  more  instance  of 
the  confusion  of  the  Sejarah  Melayu  story.  Alexander's  expedition  to  the  kingdom  of  Queen 
Candace,  according  to  the  Greek  text,  occurred  while  his  army  was  in  occupation  of  Egypt. 
This  expedition  was  therefore  taken  to  represent  the  furthest  limit  of  his  western  conquests,  and 
was  subsequently  explained  as  a  journey  to  Abyssinia.  Indeed  the  Abyssinian  (Aethiopic)  version 
of  the  Pseudo-Callisthenes  tale  adopts  Candace  as  a  national  heroine  and  dwells  with  pride 
upon  her  success  in  outwitting  the  great  Conqueror  and  securing  his  alliance.  As,  however,  the 
story — in  Persia — became  exaggerated,  the  land  of  Candace  was  placed  further  and  further  West 
till  it  came  to  be  identified  with  Andalusia,  by  the  Pillars  of  Hercules,  the  Western  hmit  of  the 
ancient  world.  The  title  of  *'the  two-horned"  (dzti'l-karnainy  given  to  Alexander  had  also 
become  figurative ;  he  was  the  man  who  had  conquered  the  Eastern  and  Western  horns  of  the 
earth,  the  raja  mashrik  dan  maghrib  of  Malay  romance.  That  Andalusia  was  the  Western  horn 
mattered  little  to  a  writer  who  knew  that  Palembang  would  represent  an  extremity  of  conquest 
in  one  or  other  direction.  The  story  of  the  relations  between  Sang  Nila  Utama  and  the  Queen 
of  Bentan  appears  also  to  be  an  echo  of  the  legend  of  Alexander  and  Candace.  History  had 
long  been  lost  in  legend,  and  one  of  the  later  Persian  writers  actually  represents  Alexander  as 
dying  with  a  quatrain  of  Omar  Khayyam  upon  his  lips. 

It  seems  useless  to  seek  for  a  basis  of  truth  in  Malay  legends  when  we  find  so  many  of  them 
to  be  mere  echoes  from  a  foreign  literature  and  to  have  no  really  local  connection  whatsoever. 
There  exists  a  Sanskrit  element  suggested  by  names  such  as  Sang  Sapurba  and  Nila  Utama, 
the  earliest  local  members  of  these  royal  pedigrees,  and  a  suggestion  has  been  made  that 
**  Sapurba''  is  really  **si-perba,"  the  first  or  earliest  of  kings.  But  Sapurba  and  Nila  Utama  are 
the  names  of  the  best-known  of  the  nymphs  of  heaven  (bidadari),  and  the  occurrence  of  such 
names  as  the  designation  of  early  Malayan  heroes  tends  to  show  that  the  historian  was  as  much 
at  fault  in  his  Indian  legends  as  he  was  in  his  Persian.  From  the  evidence  of  Chinese  records 
it  would  seem  that  the  later  Sultans  of  Malacca  are  correctly  enumerated  in  the  Sejarah  Melayu 
though  its  chronology  is  at  fault.  The  legends  concerning  them  are  at  least  doubtful.  The 
great  Laksamana  Hang  Tuwah,  for  instance,  is  credited  with  adventures  borrowed  from  the  much 
earlier  stories  about  the  Javanese  hero,  Sira  Panji.  The  history  of  Acheen,  as  given  in  the 
Btistdmc'ssaldtin,  is  a  curious  record  of  the  introduction  of  various  branches  of  theological  learning 
and  is  punctuated,  so  to  speak,  by  the  chronicling  of  the  murder  or  deposition  of  rulers.  Apart 
from  the  shadowy  Alexander  pedigree,  it  claims  no  great  antiquity  for  the  reigning  house  in 
Acheen. 

Taking  all  the  evidence  we  have  regarding  early  Malayan  history,  the  conclusion  to  be 
drawn  is  that  the  legendary  accounts  are  entirely  unreliable ;  that  no  maritime  Malay  state  ever 
enjoyed  a  long  spell  of  prosperity ;  and  that  misrule  was  rife  and  probably  accounted  for  the 


I  Amen-ra  (Jupiter  Ammon)  was  a  deity  with  the  horns  of  a  ram ;  and  the  expression  **  the  two-horned"  had  a 
literal  meaning  in  the  early  Nectanebo  story  and  was  supported  by  the  evidence  of  coins.  But  Persian  writers  who 
discarded  the  Nectanebo  legend  and  knew  nothing  of  numismatics  were  much  puzzled  by  the  name. 


[     vi     ] 


brevity  of  the  popularity  of  a  port.  The  names  of  the  old  Sumatran  emporia  and  of  a  few  of 
their  rulers  survive.  The  ports  rose  into  notice  through  foreign  trade  and  probably  declined 
through  driving  trade  away  by  their  exactions.  In  any  case  as  soon  as  commerce  became 
independent  of  native  princes  owing  to  the  establishment  of  European  settlements,  all  the  Malay 
maritime  communities  fell  into  decay.  Their  history  for  the  last  three  centuries  may  be  said  to 
consist  of  genealogical  details  of  little  interest  to  the  average  student. 

Old  Malay  literature — in  which  term  oral  compositions  should  be  included — may  be 
divided  into  five  classes  of  works  : 

(i)     romances  based  upon  the  Sanskrit  epics  ; 

(2)  versions  of  Persian  tales,  and  treatises  based  on  Persian  or  Perso-Arabic'  models; 

(3)  tales  from  the  Javanese  cycle  dealing  with  the  adventures  of  Sira  Panji ; 

(4)  miscellaneous  works  of  a  romantic  character  in  which  the  influence  of  more  than  one 
foreign  literature  can  be  traced; 

(5)  proverbial  poetry,  proverbs,  and  unambitious  oral  compositions  belonging  in  matter  to 
the  province  of  folk-lore. 

It  is  doubtful  whether  any  of  the  legends  of  the  Indian  epics  came  to  the  Malays  directly  from 
the  Sanskrit.  The  Mahabharata  romances — such  as  the  Hikdyat  Pandawa  lima  and  Hikdyat 
Pandawa  Jaya — are  hardly  known  in  the  Peninsula.  The  Hikdyat  Sang  Samba  is  better  known, 
but  it  openly  speaks  of  itself  as  the  narrative  of  a  story-teller  (dalang)  at  a  Javanese  shadow- 
show  (wayang  kulit).  It  would  seem  therefore  that  the  Mahabharata  tales  were  introduced  into 
Malay  literature  through  the  Javanese.  It  is  different  with  the  Ramayana  legend.  The  story 
of  the  demi-god  Sri  Rama  is  folk-lore  in  Kedah,  while  it  has  very  little  vogue  in  the  Southern 
states.  Any  explanation  of  this  fact  must  owe  a  great  deal  to  conjecture.  The  Ramayana  is 
very  popular  in  Buddhist  countries,  and  its  occurrence  in  Kedah  supports  the  theory  that 
Muhammadanism  supplanted  old  Buddhist  kingdoms  in  the  North  of  the  Peninsula.  More  than 
one  version  of  the  story  of  Rama  exists  in  Malay  literature,  but,  failing  the  proof  of  the  existence 
of  strong  Hindu  influences  in  the  Peninsula,  it  is  difficult  to  believe  that  any  single  version  was 
actually  translated  from  the  Sanskrit  original. 

The  influence  of  the  Persians  on  Malay  literature  has  been  great  but  it  has  rarely  been 
exclusive  or  direct.  The  Bustdnu's-Saldtin  and  the  Tdju's-Saldtm  are  direct  imitations  of  the 
Persian,  and  the  Hikdyat  Hamza  and  the  Hikdyat  hkandar  dzuH-karnain  are  practically 
translations  from  that  tongue.  The  Hikdyat  Muhammad  Hanafiyyah  may  have  been  taken 
from  the  Arabic.  We  have  some  evidence  as  to  the  age  of  these  books.  The  last  three  are 
mentioned  in  the  Sejdrah  Melayu  (a.d.  161  i)  so  they  were  in  existence  at  that  date.  The 
Bustdnu'S'Salditn  is  dated   a.d.    1636,   and  its   author  mentions    having    written     a  history    of 


I     Many  early  Persian  histories  {e.g.,  Tabari's  and  Dinawari's)  were  written  in  Arabic.     Even  Persian  navigators 
often  wrote  accounts  of  their  travels  in  Arabic.     I  use  the  term  "  Ferso-Arabic"  of  such  literature. 


Alexander,  so  that  the  Hikdyat  hkandar  dzuH-karnain  had  not  been  long  in  existence  in 
A.D.  1611.  The  author  oi  the  Sejdrak  Melaytc  st2ites  thd.t  the  Hikdyat  Hamza  and  the  Hikdyat 
Muhammad  Hanafiyyah  were  in  existence  when  Malacca  was  taken,  but  his  statement  is  worth 
very  little.     It  is  sufficient  to  say  that  these  stories  were  considered  old  in  a.d.  161  i. 

The  ''Panji*'  tales  in  Malay  show  a  distinct  Javanese  origin  not  only  in  their  matter  but 
in  their  style.  They  are  never  written  in  a  pure  Peninsular  dialect.  It  is  difficult  to  date  them, 
but,  so  far  as  the  Peninsula  is  concerned,  they  are  probably  modern.  The  Sejdrah  Melayu 
(a.d.  1611)  quotes  them,  but  quotes  them  in  the  Javanese  original.  Werndly  (a.d.  1736) 
omits  them  from  his  list  of  Malay  literary  works.  Raffles  collected  a  number  of  them  early  in 
the  Nineteenth  Century.  At  the  present  day  they  are  very  well-known  through  the  shadow- 
show  {wayang  kulii)  and  they  constitute  by  far  the  most  bulky  section  of  Malay  literature. 
The  principal  tales  of  this  cycle  are  the  Hikdyat  Chekel  Waning  Pali,  the  Hikdyat  Ratti  Enom^  the 
Hikdyat  Charang  Kalina^  the  Hikdyat  Perbu  J aya,  the  ^^Panji  Samerang''  poems  and  stories,  the 
Ken  Tambuhan  poem,  the  Hikdyat  Naga  berseru,  the  Hikdyat  Mas  Edan,  and  the  Hikdyat  Sharkan. 
As  all  these  stories  deal  with  the  same  cycle  of  events,  it  is  sometimes  difficult  to  distinguish  one 
from  another. 

The  fourth  division  of  Malay  literature — stories  showing  mixed  influences — includes  the 
Sejarah  Melayu  which  unites  in  one  book  Persian  stories  of  Alexander,  Javanese  legends  of  Sira 
Panji,  folk-tales  of  the  Fairy  Princess  of  Mount  Ophir,  detailed  rules  of  ceremonial,  and 
descriptions  of  historical  events  such  as  the  capture  of  Malacca  by  d'Albuquerque.  Books 
purporting  to  be  historical  are  however  rare  and  the  fourth  class  of  Malay  compositions  is  better 
represented  in  pure  romance.  The  typical  work  of  this  kind  is  a  story  of  a  prince  who  goes 
wandering  from  land  to  land,  marries  numerous  fair  princesses,  and  slays  evil  genii,  monsters, 
and  dragons  by  means  of  his  proficiency  in  magic  art.  The  story  sometimes  purports  to  be 
told  of  a  historical  personage  such  as  Kubad,  father  of  Nushirvan  the  Just,  but,  of  course,  it  is 
quite  unreliable  as  a  biography  and  shows  a  curious  medley  of  foreign  influences,  Persian  kings 
being  mentioned  along  with  Hindu  divinities  and  Persian  fairies  [peri)  with  Hindu  **devas," 
and  Indonesian  personifications  of  the  sunset  glow  {mambang).  Local  Malay  colour  is,  as  a  rule, 
quite  absent,  except  in  the  numerous  quatrains  {pantnn)  with  which  the  story  is  brightened. 
Whence  came  these  tales,  and  when?  They  are  never  dated.  Werndly  (a.d.  1736)  mentions 
several.  The  Hikdyat  Koris,  which  is  exceptional  in  that  it  contains  many  local  references, 
clearly  belongs  to  the  period  of  Portuguese  rule  in  Malacca.  It  was  probably  written  in  the 
Peninsula  as  it  contains  descriptions  of  the  Semang  and  Pangan  aborigines,  and  it  shows  a 
friendly  spirit  to  Europeans,  a  rare  thing  in  those  days.  The  Dutch  are  not  mentioned.  The 
Hikdyat  Indera  Mengindera  approaches  the  Hikdyat  Koris  so  closely  in  point  of  style  as  to  suggest 
the  same  authorship  or  at  least  the  same  school  of  authorship.  It  is  clear  that  some  of  these 
romances  date  back  to  the  Seventeenth  Century,  perhaps  to  the  Sixteenth,  but  it  is  unlikely  that 
they   go   back  further.     Their  use  of  quatrains  suggests  that  they  are   not    as    old    as    the 


[    viii    ] 

Hikdyat  Hang  Ttiwah^  for  instance,  in  which  the  word  pantun  is  used  in  the  more  primitive 
sense  of  ** proverbial  saying.*' 

The  origin  of  these  stories  can  be  (to  some  extent)  inferred  from  their  contents.  They 
cannot  be  taken  direct  from  the  Persian  as  the  strong  Hindu  element  would  then  be  absent. 
They  cannot  come  from  the  Sanskrit  as  the  Arabic  features  would  then  be  inexplicable.  They 
must  have  been  originally  composed  in  a  country  where  Muhammadan  and  Hindu  influences 
met  and  blended;  in  short  they  must  come  from  modern  India  or  be  original  to  Malaya. 
Probably  most  of  them  came  from  India.  The  Hikdyat  Gul  Bakuwalij  a  perfectly  modern  work, 
was  translated  from  the  Hindustani  a  few  years  ago,  but  it  is  identical  in  character  with  the  old 
romances.  The  Hikdyat  Isma  Yatim  is  avowedly  Indian  and  is  old  enough  to  be  mentioned  by 
Werndly  (a.d.  1736).  The  Hikdyat  Khiiwdjah  Maimun  is  at  least  a  century  old  ;  it  is  a  Malay 
version  of  the  Hindustani  Tota  Kahani,  which  is  itself  taken  from  the  Persian  Tuti-nama.  The 
entire  absence  of  local  colour  from  many  of  these  romances,  coupled  with  their  mixed  mythology, 
forces  the  student  to  the  conclusion  that  the  vernacular  literatures  of  India  are  the  source  of 
most  Malay  works.' 

The  Hikdyat  Hang  Tuwah  occupies  an  almost  unique  position  in  Malay  literature.  It  deals 
with  a  local  hero  and  is  therefore  national  in  its  character.  It  cannot  be  really  ancient  for  its 
hero  was  born  in  the  Fifteenth  Century,  and  it  is  sufficiently  unhistorical  to  suggest  a  later 
date.  Probably  it  was  written  about  1550  a.d.  It  is  much  admired  by  Malays  for  the  purity 
of  its  style. 

The  romances  of  the  type  of  the  Hikdyat  Raja  Ambong^  Hikdyat  Raja  Donan,  and  Hikdyat 
Raja  Budiman  have  been  called  '* folk-tales"  because  they  were  dictated  to  their  editors  by 
professional  rhapsodists.  They  are  not  true  folk-tales.  They  are  elaborate  romantic  com- 
positions which  owe  their  oral  character  to  the  illiteracy  of  the  audiences  for  whom  they  were 
composed  and  not  to  any  primitiveness  in  their  subject-matter  or  authorship.  When  committed 
to  writing  they  show  strong  resemblances  to  the  ordinary  hikdyat^  but  they  possess  considerable 
interest  owing  to  the  small  details  which  have  been  inserted  to  please  the  taste  of  the  simple 
villagers  to  whom  they  are  addressed.  They  are  not  mere  copies  of  Indian  models  and  deserve 
more  attention  than  they  have  received.  At  the  same  time  they  are  not  folk-tales  but 
adaptations  of  foreign  types,  and  belong  properly  to  the  fourth  category  of  Malay  Hterature. 

The  true  folk-tales  are  those  of  popular  characters  such  as  Pa'  Pandir,  Pa'  Belalang^  Pa' 
Musang  and  others.  Folk-lore  is  rather  the  subject  of  literature  than  actual  literature,  but 
when  it  becomes  stereotyped  into  conventional  narrative  the  rudiments  of  literary  work  may  be 
said  to  exist.  That  is  the  position  of  many  of  these  tales.  In  some,  only  the  point  of  the 
gtQfy or  some  jest  or  other  detail — has   been  fixed  in  form ;  the   rest  is  left  to  the  teller  to 


I     The  Javanese  tales  of  Sira  Panji  are  the  source  of  the  longest  Malay  works ;  but  the  Indian    romances  are  the 
more  numerous. 


[     ix     ] 


give  in  his  own  words.  In  some  cases  the  story  is  lost  or  is  passing  away,  while  the  kernel  of 
it  survives  as  a  proverb.'  The  Malay  language  is  rich  in  rudimentary  literature  of  this  sort,  in 
folk-tales,  proverbs,  and  proverbial  quatrains.  Many  ''pantuns^in  common  colloquial  use  are  of 
some  antiquity  inasmuch  as  they  contain  allusions  to  half-forgotten  legends  and  occur,  word  for 
word,  in  old  romances.  Very  few  true  Malay  folk-tales  have  been  published.  Some  fables  and 
*' mouse-deer"  stories  have  been  translated  or  otherwise  recorded  by  Mr.  W.  W.  Skeat  and 
others,  but  the  farcical  adventures  of  Pa'  Pandir  and  other  heroes  of  his  stamp  have  received  no 
attention  at  the  hands  of  Europeans. 

Popular  instruction  has  fostered  the  growth  of  a  voluminous  modern  Malay  literature  of 
little  value.  The  only  native  work  of  real  importance  written  in  the  Nineteenth  Century  is  the 
Hikdyat  ^Abdu'llah,  This  book  was  written  partly  as  a  text-book  for  Englishmen  studying 
Malay.  It  offends  in  many  ways  against  the  canons  of  native  literary  taste.  To  some  extent 
this  offence  is  inevitable  since  the  work  deals  with  the  common-places  of  modern  life  rather 
than  with  the  events  of  an  imaginary  romantic  age.  But  Abdullah  really  pushes  colloquialism 
too  far.  With  all  its  faults  his  work  is  a  useful  manual  for  beginners  owing  to  the  wealth  of  its 
vocabulary  and  its  realism.  The  author  is  not  dull  to  one  who  can  read  him  with  fluency, 
though  he  is  sometimes  pedantic  and  garrulous.  Since  Abdullah's  time  the  old  literature  has 
been  gradually  perishing,  and  nothing  of  any  value  seems  to  be  taking  its  place.  There  are 
however  many  pretty  **pantuns''  still  to  be  learnt  from  the  lips  of  the  people,  and  some  of  the 
topical  songs  sung  at  the  Mtiharram  are  not  lacking  in   cleverness  and  wit. 

I  A  very  good  example  of  this  is  the  pithy  proverbial  advice  containing  :  Kalau  tiada  padi,  sa-havang  kerja  ta'-jadi; 
kalau  tiada  senapangj  haikjalan  lapangf  etc.  The  proverbs  are  given  in  Maxwell's  list  with  a  brief  notice  of  their  origin. 
The  story  is  given  at  greater  length  in  Sir  F.  Swettenham's  Malay  Sketches^ — "The  passing  of  Panglima  Prang 
Semaun." 


APPENDICES, 

INDEX, 

ADDENDA  et  CORRIGENDA. 


APPENDICES. 


APPENDIX  I. 


THE  MALAY  ALPHABET. 


The  modern  Malay  alphabet,  as  usually  accepted  by 
lexicographers,  consists  of  33  letters,  and  the  character  in 
which  they  are  written  is  the  Arabic.  Many  natives, 
however,    do    not    recognize    the    distinction    between 

^  and  ^ ;  they  only  use  the  form  ^  and  pronounce  it 
as  a  p.  Others,  again,  admit  the  existence  of  a  letter  3^ 
which  they  never  employ.  Old  writers  distinguished 
between   two   forms   of  the   letter    t    (exclusive   of  the 

Arabic  Is,)  and  marked  this  variation  in  different  ways. 
Some  modern  Meilays  also  consider  the  combination 
lam-altf  Ci )  and  the  diacritical  mark  hanizah  {^)  to  be 
separate  letters,  and  so  add  them  to  the  alphabet. 

The  Malay  alphabet  may  therefore  be  theoretically 
considered   to   consist   of  35   letters   of  which   two  are 


practically    obsolete   and   one   is  obsolescent  except   for 

European   influence.     The   addition   of  S   and    ^  would 

increase  the  number  to  thirty-seven ;  but  it  is  due  to  a 
misconception  which  will  be  explained  in  discussing 
the  letter  alif  (Appendix  II).  Of  the  thirty-five  real 
letters,  twenty-eight  represent  the  Arabic  alphabet ;  five 

(ZI'  ^>  ^^f  >  and  t),)  represent  old  Malay  sounds 
or  letters  for  which  the  Arabic  had  no  equivalent ;  while 
the  remaining  two  letters  (now  obsolete)  represented 
Sanskrit  distinctions  between  a  hard  and  a  soft  d  and  a 
hard  and  a  soft  t.  These  last  distinctions  are  met  with 
in  MSS.  of  Malayo-Javanese  tales  (such  as  those  of  the 
Panji  cyclus),  and  are  still  in  regular  use  in  Javanese. 

The  form  of  the  different  Malayo- Arabic  letters  varies 
with  their  position  in  a  word  or  combination  of  characters, 
as  shown  in  the  subjoined  table  : — 


(Note,-  The    Lacun/E    SigxNify    that    the    Letter    does    not    Connect    and,    therefore,    that  the 

Unconnected    Form    is    Used.) 


Name  of 
Letter. 


Unconnected 
Form. 


Form  in  Connection. 


Conven- 
tional 
Romanized  { 

Equivalent.       With  a  Following 
I  Letter. 


With  a 

Preceding 

Letter. 


With  Both 


With  a 
Following 
Letter. 


Examples  of  its  Use. 


With  a 
Preceding 
Letter. 


With   Both, 


Alif 

Ba 

Ta 

Tha 

Jim 

Cha 

Ha 

Kha 

Dal 

Dzal 

Ra 

Zk 


E 

c 
t 

J 

j 


b 
t 
th 

j 

ch 
h 

kh 
d 
dz 
r 
z 


t 
t 

t 

t 

J 

y 


> 


U 


oil 


i 

i 
t 

t 


ij* 


7o6     J 


(Note. — The    Lacun/Ij   Signify   that   the   Letter   does    not   Connect  and,   therefore,   that  the 

Unconnected  Form  is  Used.) 


1                  1 

F'orm  in  Connection. 

1 

Examples  of  its  use. 

1                                   j 

j  Unconnected  j 
\       Form.        j 

Conven- 
tional 
Romanized 
equivalent. 

S 

With  a 

Preceding 

Letter. 

With  a 

Preceding 

Letter. 

i 

Name  of 
Letter. 

With  a  Following 
Letter. 

With  Both. 

With  a 

Following 

Letter. 

With  Both. 

Sin 

^ 

of^" 

'           -I 

J^. 

Shin 

A         1 

sh 

J^ 

0^^*^ 

j       ^>^ 

^.^yi^ 

Sad 

u- 

s 

^a 

L^ 

^ 

Cj-^^-l^ 

u^ 

J-* 

Dlad 

l> 

dl 

A^ 

i> 

-A 

v-i^ 

u*l/ 

j.^ 

TA 

^ 

t 

^ 

L 

'^ 

& 

1      i^ 

> 

Tla 

^  i 

tl 

^ 

li 

ii 

> 

Wq^ 

.^>i^ 

'Ain 

1    t  ' 

i 

f. 

L 

n. 

vL^ 

d- 

> 

Ghain 

Nga 

Fa 

^    t 
t 

f 

5 

t 

t 

« ft. 

k 

0=^ 

Pa 

w9 

I^ 

» 

v.^ 

I 

c-^\.» 

.  11..- 

O.A 

KM 

Kaf 

O     i 

k 
k 

9 

< 

c 

Ga 

1    s\ 

i                    ' 

S 

< 

j: 

< 

<:r 

Ji, 

^• 

Lam 

1    J 

1 

\ 

J 

i 

^ 

J^ 

^•- 

Mim 

f 

m 

A 

r 

A 

tfju 

^ 

^ 

Nun 
Wau 
Ha 

0 

n 
w 

1 

< 

At 

^ 

J- 

h 

ft 

^«r 

cr> 

*j^V 

Ya 

lS 

}■ 

) 

c* 

; 

\i 

«/^ 

t^ 

Nya 

0 

■ 

"y 

4 

u- 

T 

ol. 

6i-. 

^ 

The  Arabic  feminine  termination  o.  which  is  a  form  of  o  .  is  very  generally  employed  by  Malays  instead  of  jj^.      The   object    with    which 

this  form  is  used  is  to  suggest  that  a  writer  is  acquainted  with  the  Arabic  language ;  should  his  reader  be  acquainted  with  Arabic,  it  would 
prove  the  very  contrary.  The  use  of  this  form,  though  it  can  be  defended  by  the  extent  to  which  the  custom  prevails,  is,  therefore,  a  piece 
of  affectation  which  it  is  better  to  avoid. 


The  Romanized  equivalents  given  must  not  be  taken 
to  represent  the  exact  sound  of  the  character  for  which 
they  are  used  as  substitutes.  The  pronunciation  of  the 
Mahiyo-Arabic  letters  is  discussed  elsewhere  [Appendix 
11],  and  is  best  acquired  in  a  practical  way  by  listening  to 
the  speech  of  educated  natives. 

Besides  the  letters  constituting  the  Alphabet,  certain 
diacritical  marks  are  occasionally  met  with  in  literature. 
Some  of  these  marks  only  occur  in  Arabic  quotations  and 
need  not  be  acquired,  but  the  followang  should  be  known 
to  every  advanced  student  of  Malay. 


The  Vowel  Pouiis. — The  letters  of  the  Arabic  alphabet 
are  all  considered  to  be  consonants  [Appendix  II].  The 
vowels  are  either  understood,  or  are  expressed  by  the 
vowel-points/<:zi/m//,  k asr ah  ixnd  dlatnmah.  These  represent 
short  vowels,  but  when  followed  by  the  consonants  alif, 
yd,  and  muiu  respectivel}',  they  become  long  vowels. 

In  Malay  the  fafhah  ( -'  )  is  known  as  the  baris  di-atas ; 
it  is  pronounced  as  a  short  a  or  (when  follow-ed  by  an  alif) 
as  a  long  a.  The  kasrah  {~t')  is  known  as  the  baris  du 
bawah ;  it  is  pronounced  as  a  short  e  or  i,  or  (when 
followed  by  a  yd)  as  a  long  e  or  i.     The  dlammah  (^)  is 


[     707    ] 


known  as  the  baris  duhadapan,  and  is  pronounced  as  a 
short  0  or  u,  or  (when  followed  by  a  wau)  as  a  long 
0  or  n. 

These  vowel  points  are  very  rarely  met  with  in 
modern  Malay  writing.  Their  disuse  and  the  occasional 
substitution  for  them  of  the  fmriif  saksi  are  more  proper!}- 
discussed  when  dealing  with  the  question  of  Malav 
orthography  [Appendix  IV]. 

The  Jazm. — The  mark  (--)  which  in  Arabic  is  called 
jazm  (amputation)  indicates  that  the  consonant  over 
which  it  is  written  is  the  final  consonant  of  a  closed 
syllable.  Thus  in  writing  the  diacritical  marks  over  a 
word  like  takhta,  a  jazm  would  be  written  over  the  kh  to 
show  that  it  is  the  final  consonants  of  a  3'llable,  takh,  and 
not  the  initial  consonant  of  a  new  syllable.  In  more 
popular  language  it  means  that  the  kh  is  not  followed  b\ 
a  vowel. 

The  TashdicL— The  mark  (™-'-)  which  in  Arabic  is 
called  tashdU  (strengthening)  indicates  that  the  consonant 
over  which  it  is  placed  is  doubled.     Thus  in  writing  the 


diacritical  marks  on  a  word  like  takabbur  [  ^^  ],  a 
tashdid  would  be  written  over  the  letter  bd. 

The  Hanizah. — The  word  hamzah  signifies  (in  Arabic) 
*'  compression,"  ix,,  of  the  larynx.  It  is  written  by  Arabs 
over  the  initial  or  '' hamzated  "  alif  to  indicate  its  being 
the  spirit  Its  lenis  in  contradistinction  to  the  alif  of  prolonga- 
tion ;  V.  Appendix  II.  In  Malay,  this  initial  hamzah  is 
not  used.  In  the  middle  of  a  word  the  occurrence  of 
hamzah    (both   in  Arabic  and    Malay)   signifies  that  the 

sellable  commences  with  the  spiritus  lenis.  Thus  C^^j 
would  be  ra-iiuit,  ra-wit,  ra-wut,  but  o.- ^''U  would  be  ra-hif. 
The  Malays  also  use  hamzah  at  the  end  of  a  word  instead 
of  a  final  ^  ,  e,g.,  *y V";  for  ^Su  .  This  last  is  a  special 
use  of  hamzah  confined  to  the  Malay  language. 


The  Arabic  signs  maddah  and  waslah,  and  the  marks 
of  nunation  (tanwin)  need  not  trouble  the  student  of 
Malav, 


APPENDIX    IL 


PRONUNCIATION. 


The  correct  pronunciation  of  the  letters  occurring  in 
Malay  words  ought  to  present  no  difficulties  to  the 
EngHsh  student.  The  purely  Arabic  letters  are  harder 
to  pronounce,  and  present  distinctions  which,  to  be 
properly  appreciated,  must  be  studied  practically,  by 
listening  to  well-educated  Arabs  only, — as  the  modern 
dialects  of  Egypt  and  of  Hadramaut  (from  which 
countries  the  Arabs  of  the  Straits  are  mainly  drawn ) 
differ  very  materially  from  the  classical  language.  Fortu- 
nately, however,  for  the  student,  these  peculiarly  Arabic 
letters  are  as  difficult  of  pronunciation  to  Malays  as  they 
are  to  Europeans,  and  their  mastery  serves  no  practical 
purpose. 

Consonants, — All  the  letters  of  the  Malayo-Arabic 
alphabet  are,  theoretically,  consonants,  but  three  of  them 

[ ,  ^,  c>]  when  used  in  "  prolongation  "  help  to  form  the 
long  vowels  and  therefore  correspond  to  English  letters 
like  w   and  y,  which   are  classed  as  semi-vowels.     The 

letter  p  also,  from  its  unpronounceable  character,  is  often 

treated  by  Malays  as  if  it  were  identical  with  the  letter  \* 

The  letter  \,  when  used  at  the  beginning  of  a  word 
or  syllable,  is  the  spiritus  lenis  which  is  not  symbolized  in 
English,  but  which  is,  in  its  essential  character,  con- 
sonantal. In  Arabic,  this  initial  alif  is  written  \  and  is 
called  hamzah  or  the  *' hamzated  alif  to  distinguish  it 
from  the  \  of  prolongation  which  converts  a  into  a  and 

of  which  the  use  is  exemplified  in  "^  ^      In  this  way  the 


mark  hamzah  (  *- )    and    the    combination    Idm-alif   {H  ) 

instead  of  being  treated  as  illustrations  of  the  dual  nature 
of  alif  are  assumed  by  Malays  to  be  regular  letters 
unconnected  with  alif  and  are  added  as  such  to  the 
alphabet. 

The  letter  bd  corresponds  exactly  in  sound  to  our 
letter  6. 

The  letter  td  in  Arabic,  Persian  and  Hindustani  is 
somewhat   softer   than   our   t,   so   that  in  transliterating 

European  names  the  Arabs  used  la  rather  than  cj  as  an 

equivalent  for  t.     In  Malay  the  distinction  between  t  and 

Cj  is  imperceptible. 

The  letter  thd  is  pronounced  in  Arabic  as  our  th  in 
"thin."  Educated  Malays  attempt,  with  more  or  less 
success,  to  so  pronounce  it ;  but,  in  popular  use,  the  letter 
is  pronounced  as  an  s  ;  e.g.,  hari  selasa  for  hari  thaldtha. 

The  letters  jim  and  did  approximate  in  sound  to  our 
j  (in  '*  June"  )  and  ch  (in  "church  ")  respectively. 

The  letter  hd  is  an  emphasized  h.  The  h  in  "  huge  " 
has  been  suggested  as  an  approximate  equivalent.  Hd  is, 
however,  a  purely  Arabic  letter  and  is  not  generally 
distinguishable,    in    the     mouth    of    Malays,    from    the 

unemphasized  hd  (ot)* 

The  letter  khd  is  a  harsh  guttural  sound  like  the  ch 
in  loch. 


Dcil,  in  Malay,  is  practically  our  cL  In  Arabic  it  is 
somewhat  softer ;  in  Hindustani  markedly  so. 

Dzdl  is  an  Arabic  letter  pronounced  something  like  th 
in  *'this."  Malays  sometimes  succeed  in  approximating 
to  this  sound,  but  often  only  pronounce  it  as  z,  dz,  or 
even  j. 

The  letter  rci  is  a  distinctly  articulated  r, — the  Scotch, 
rather  than  the  English,  r. 

Zd  is  the  English  z.  The  sound  is,  however,  foreign 
to  Malays  and  is  often  corrupted  toj,  e.g.,  janggi  for 
zanggi,  and  teji  for  tezi. 

Sin  is  the  Enghsh  s  in  "  sit,'^  "  sing."  It  is  the  s  in 
*'hiss"  rather  than   in  ''  his." 

Shin  is  the  English  sh  in  ''  shin,"  ''  fish." 

The  Arabic  letter  sad  is  a  very  strongly  articulated 
s.  It  has  no  approximate  equivalent  in  English.  By 
attempting  to  imitate  the  effect  of  Arabic  upon  the  ear, 
educated  Malays  pronounce  this  and  the  four  following 
letters  very  gutturally.  This  habit  gives  a  throaty  sound 
to  the  accompanying  vowel  while  leaving  the  consonant 
practically  unaffected.  In  popular  language,  however, 
no  distinction  is  made  between  the  sound  of  the  shi  and 
the  sad. 

The  letter  ^  is,  in  Arabic,  a  sort  of  aspirated  d  and 

is  pronounced  something  like  the  combination  dth — the 
th  being  the  th  in  *'  this,"  *'  that,"  '*  thine."  Educated 
Malays  give  it  the  sound  of  the  th  only ;  but,  for  some 
unexplained  reason,  the  sound  given  to  it  in  popular 
corruptions  of  Arabic  words  in  which  it  occurs  is  that  of 

/,  e.g.,  loha  for  ^.      The  conventional  transliteration  dl 

is  a  combination  of  these  extremes,  the  Arabic  d  and  the 
Malay  /. 

7^d  is  a  strongly  articulated  palatal  t.  Malays  pro- 
nounce it  as  an  ordinary  t  but  (as  explained  above)  give 
a  throaty  sound  to  the  vowel  which  accompanies  it. 

The  letter  ]a>  is  a  strongly  articulated  palatal  z. 
Malays  pronounce  it  exactly  as  they  pronounce  ^^  e.g., 
lohor  for^^^. 

'Ain  is  a  strong  Arabic  guttural  letter  unpronounce- 
able to  Malays  and  therefore  slurred  or  elided.  Its 
occurrence  in  the  body  of  a  word  is  usually  marked  by  a 
sort  of  hiatus  or  by  a  sort  of  doubling  of  the  vowel, 
e.g.,  ba4d  for  ba%d,  baada-hu  for  ba'da-hu.  As  an  initial 
letter  it  is  only  distinguished  from  alif  by  the  affected 
throatiness  with  which  educated  Malays  pronounce  it. 

The  letter  ghain  has  no  equivalent  sound  in  ordinary 
English.  The  Northumbrian  r  is  said  to  resemble  it, 
and  the  Modern-Greek  gamma  is  a  slightly  softer  form  of 
the  same  sound.  In  Kedah,  the  pronunciation  of  ra 
approximates  to  the  true  sound  of  ghain,  while  in  Riau 
the  sound  given  to  ghain  appi'oxi mates  to  that  of  rd. 

The  letter  t  is  peculiar  to  Malay.     It  is  pronounced 

like  ng  in  ''swinging,"  *'  ringing,"— not  as  ng  in  *'  single," 
nor  as  ng  in  "  plunger." 


The  letters  uJ  and  ^  correspond  in  sound  to /and 
p  respectively. 

The  sound  of  the  letter  ^  has  been  compared  to  the 

caw  of  a  raven.     It  is  a  guttural  k.     As  a  final  letter  it  is 
not   pronounced  but  indicates  that  the  vowel  sound  is 

closed    abruptly.       Thus     r,*\   is    not    pronounced    otak 
but  ota  \ 

The  letter  ^corresponds  to  the  English  k,  while  the 

letter  .jT'is  the  hard  English  g,  i.  e.,  the^Mn  "girl,"  not 
the  g  in  *'gem." 

The  letters  lain,  mhn  and  nun  are  pronounced  like  the 
English  Z,  m  and  n  respectively. 

The  initial  wan  is,  in  sound,  the  English  consonantal 
w.  The  wan  of  prolongation  serves  to  make  up  the  long 
vowel  6  or  «. 

The  letter  &  is  a  gentle  aspirate.  Like  the  English 
aspirate  it  is  dropped  altogether  in  some  dieilects. 

Initial  ^ya  corresponds  to  consonantal  y.  The  j'a  ot 
prolongation  serves  to  make  up  the  long  vowel  e  or  /. 


Nyd    is    pronounced    like     the     Spanish    n    or    the 
uguese    nh.      It    approximates  in  s( 
sound  in  words  like  ''  new,"  or  ''  neuter." 


Portuguese    nh.      It    approximates  in  sound  to    the   ny 


Vowels. — ^There  are  in  Arabic  three  short  vowels  and 
three  long  vowels,  and  the  Arabic  written  character 
provides  for  such  vowels  only.  The  alphabet  does  not, 
therefore,  adequately  deal  with  the  vowel-sounds  met 
with  in  Malay. 

Apart  from  the  indeterminate  vowel,  the  distinction 
between  a  short  vowel  and  a  long  vowel  is  not  as  marked 
in  Malay  as  in  Arabic.  Thus,  in  the  word  bodoh,  the 
difference  in  sound  between  the  first  and  the  second  o  is 
very  small  indeed  when  allowance  has  been  made  for 
the  fact  that  the  first  syllable  is  an  open  syllable 
and  the  second  is  closed  by  a  consonant.  Again, 
even  open  syllables  are  curiously  shortened  when 
followed  by  a  syllable  commencing  with  the  letter  fe,  e.g., 

in  words  like  Johor,  and  jahat,  A  comparison  of  the 
sound  of  the  first  a  in  parang  and  of  that  in  Pahang  will 
illustrate  the  imperfection  of  the  Malay  alphabet  when 
marking  distinctions  in  vocahc  sound. 

It  may  be  generally  laid  down  that  there  are  three 
common  \^owels  and  one  indeterminate  vowel,  and  that 
these  four  vowels  are  those  which  are  almost  invariably 
met  with.     The  remaining  vocalic  sounds  are  exceptional. 

The  first  vowel  is  a,  which  is  sometimes  expressed  by 
the  alif  of  prolongation  and  is  sometimes  understood. 
This  a  is  intermediate  in  sound  between  the  English  ar  in 
''bar"  and  the  French  a  \n  facile. 

The  second  vowel  is  usually  romanized  as  e  or  i.  It 
is  either  omitted  in  the  Arabic  character  or  is  expressed 
by  the  yd  of  prolongation.  Its  sound  really  lies  between 
that  of  ai  in  '*  wait  "  and  that  of  ^^  in  "  sweet "  or  between 
the  French  c  and  i. 


[     709    J 


The  third  vowel  is  romanized  as  o  or  u,  and  in  Malay 
writings  is  either  left  unexpressed  or  is  expressed  by  the 
wan  of  prolongation.  Its  sound  lies  between  that  of  oo  in 
"  school  "  and  that  of  o  in  ''  alone," 


The  indeterminate  vowel,  usually  romanized  as  c,  is 
pronounced  like  the  first  c  in  ^'  interesting."  It  is  the 
shortest  possible  of  vowel  sounds,  and  may  be  described  as 
an  attempt  to  omit  the  vowel  altogether  between  con- 
sonants which  do  not  readily  combine.  An  attempt,  for 
instance,  to  sound  the  k  in  "knee"  would  give  an 
indeterminate  vowel-sound  between  the  k  and  the  ;/. 

Other  rarer  vowel  sounds  have  l)een  introduced  into 
Malay  phonology  (i)  by  the  use  of  onomatopoeic  terms 
which  imitate  peculiar  sounds  heard  in  nature,  (2)  by  the 
adoption  of  foreign  words  and  consequently  of  foreign 
sounds,  (3)  by  the  intermixture  of  Malays  from  different 
parts  of  the  Peninsula,  which  leads  to  several  dialectic 
variations  of  the  same  vowel  being  often  heard  simultane- 
ously in  the  same  place,  (4)  by  the  adoption  of  Malay 
as  a  lingtia  franca  for  Chinese,  Tamils  and  other  settlers 
in  the  Peninsula. 

Diphthongs, — There  are  only  two  diphthongs  in  Malay. 
The  first  is  ai,  pronounced  like  i  in  "fight,"  "write?' 
The  second  is  au,  pronounced  like  ow  in  "how,"  '*  now." 
The  first  is  sometimes  shortened  till  it  approximates  to  ai 
in  "paid,"  "maid,"  and  the  second  similarly  tends  to  be 
confused  with  the  sound  of  ow  in  "  know." 

Combinations  of  Consonants, — Certain  combinations  of 
consonants,  in  English,  represent  what  are  really  distinct 
consonantal  sounds  and  not  true  combinations.  For 
instance,  the  th  in  "thin  "  is  a  conventional  symbol  for  a 
missing  letter  and  does  not  unite  the  sounds  of/  and  of//. 
In  Malay,  the  combinations  ngk,  ngg,  mb,  7np,  nt,  nj,  nch,  and 
nd  are  really  single  sounds  and  should  not  be  separately 
pronounced.  The  true  syllabic  division  of  a  word  like 
timbang  is  ti-mbang  and  not  tim-bang.  The  exact  sounds 
represented  by  these  combinations  are  practically  un- 
pronounceable for  Europeans;  but  their  etymological 
importance  is  considerable,  and  they  deserve  notice  at  the 


hands  of  the  student  of  Malay  dialects.  Thus  the  mb 
approaches  a  simple  m  in  sound  in  the  Kedah  dialect  so 
that  sembilan  is  pronounced  almost  like  semilan. 

Accent, — It  is  usual  to  consider  that  in  Malay  the 
accent  falls  on  the  penultimate  syllable,  but  care  should 
be  taken  not  to  over-accent  any  portion  of  a  word.  The 
fact  is  that  there  is  very  little  accentuation  of  special 
syllables. 

Pronunciation  and  spelling. — The  pronunciation  of 
Riau-Johor  Malay  agrees  generally  with  the  orthography 
of  the  language,  but  two  peculiarities  should  be  noticed. 
The  first  is  the  fact  that  the  final  k  is  not  sounded.  It  is 
often  supposed  that  the  practice  of  sounding  the  final  k 
which  prevails  in  Java  and  in  Borneo  Malay  represents 
what  was  the  universal  practice  when  the  Arabic  character 
was  introduced,  and  that  the  omission  to  sound  this  letter 
represents  a  later  developement.  If  that  is  the  case,  it  is 
difficult  to  understand  w^hy  the  Malays  should  have  adopted 

the  peculiar  Arabic  letter  ^  to  represent  a  final  k  when 

they  used  ^to  represent  k  in  any  other  part  of  the  word. 

The  other  peculiarity  w^hich  calls  for  notice  is  the  fact 
that  the  spelling  of  derivatives  ending  with  the  suffixes 
-an  and  i  does  not  agree  with  their  pronunciation.  Thus 
pendapatan  is  usually  written  pendapdtan  but  is  really 
sounded  as  pendapattan ;  tuntnti  is  spelt  tuntuti  but  is 
pronounced  tuntutti.  This  peculiarity  is  perhaps  partly 
due  to  the  awkwardness  of  writing  words  like  pendapattan 
and  tuntutti  without  using  diacritical  marks;  still,  it 
deserves  mention  as  it  is  apt  to  give  an  incorrect  idea  of 
tlie  pronunciation  of  such  words. 

A  number  of  Sanskrit  words  are  not  sounded  in  the 
way  they  are  usually  spelt.     Thus  the  ?>o\md  of  utama  is 

not  suggested  by  the  combination  \^\.  These  discrep- 
ancies are  due  to  the  fact  that  the  spelling  of  the  words 
follows  their  Sanskrit  originals,  while  the  sound  of  the 
words  has  been  modified  in  the  speech  of  the  people. 
The  orthography  of  the  English  language  presents  many 
similar  examples  of  literary  conservatism. 


APPENDIX    III. 


MALAY      DIALECTS. 


Malay  is  spoken  in  the  Southern  half  of  the  Malay 
Peninsula,  in  the  Riau-Lingga  Archipelago,  in  portions  of 
Central  Sumatra,  on  most  of  the  Sumatran  coast-line,  in 
some  of  the  Javanese  ports  and  maritime  districts,  on  the 
North-West,  West  and  South  coasts  of  Borneo,  in  the 
Moluccas,  and  in  Indo-China.  Colonies  of  Malays  are 
also  settled  in  Ceylon  and  in  Cape  Colony.  There 
are,  however,  great  dialectic  variations  in  the  language. 
The  Malay  spoken  in  Java  and  in  Southern  Sumatra 
contains  many  Javanese  and  Sundanese  words  and 
expressions ;  that  of  Borneo  is  naturalh^  influenced  by 
the  various  Dyak  tongues ;  the  expression  "  Menangkabau 
Malay "  covers  a  whole  group  of  dialects  spoken  in 
Sumatra,  in  the  Naning  districts  of  Malacca,  and  in  the 


Negri  Sembilan;  while  even  in  the  Peninsula  there  exists  a 
wn"de  difference  between  the  Riau-Johor  Malay  spoken  in 
the  South  and  the  speech  of  Kelantan  and  Patani  men 
which  is  practically  incomprehensible  to  all  who  have  not 
made  a  special  study  of  it. 

This  Dictionary  only  deals  with  two  dialects.  Before 
discussing  their  peculiarities,  however,  allusion  may  be 
made  to  the  much-discussed  subject : "  which  of  all  these 
varieties  of  the  language  should  be  taken  to  be  the  best  or 
standard  Malay  ?  " 

The  answer  to  this  question  must  depend  mainly 
upon  the  method  of  comparison  adopted.    If  by  "  the  best 


[    710    ] 


Malay"  is  meant  the  dialect  least  affected  by  the  intro- 
duction of  foreign  words,  it  is  probable  that  the  standard 
of  excellence  would  be  set  by  some  one  of  the  obscure 
tongues  of  Central  Sumatra  where  the  people  retain  many 
primitive  customs  and  have  been  but  little  affected  by 
Indian  and  Arabian  rulers  and  traders.  But  the  applica- 
tion of  such  a  test  to  the  provincial  dialects  of  English 
would  give  somewhat  paradoxical  results.  The  standard  of 
good  English  may  be  assumed  to  be  set  by  our  best  litera- 
ture, and  not  by  etymological  considerations.  In  what 
part  of  Malaya,  then,  does  the  speech  of  the  uneducated 
people  approach  most  closely  to  the  language  of  the  books  ? 
Natives  of  Kedah  and  Perak  patriotically  claim  that  the 
diction  in  use  at  the  courts  of  their  princes  is  the  purest 
in  the  Peninsula.  Let  a  concrete  example  be  taken.  The 
word  betul  is  universally  written  with  a  iinal  /  but  the 
peasants  of  Kedah  pronounce  it  betuif  while  those  of  Riau 
utter  it  as  it  is  spelt.  The  fact  that  a  few  cultured  indivi- 
duals at  the  Kedah  court  have  adopted  a  pronunciation 
which  agrees  in  the  main  with  that  of  the  mass  of  the  popu- 
lation in  Riau  and  Johor,  would  only  strengthen  the  claim 
of  the  latter  to  the  honour  of  speaking  the  best  Malay. 
When  it  is  said  that  the  best  French  is  spoken  in  Touraine, 
no  reflection  is  cast  upon  the  language  of  the  Professors  at 
the  University  in  Paris.  So  when  all  credit  has  been 
given  to  the  learning  of  the  literary  coteries  at  Alor  Star 
or  Kuala  Kangsar,  the  dialect  of  Kedah  or  of  Perak  must 
be  judged  by  the  speech  of  the  masses  of  the  people. 

The  Bmtdnu'S'Saldtina,  perhaps  the  best  of  Malay 
literary  works,  was  written  at  Achin  about  the  year  1636 
A.  D.  The  language  in  which  it  is  written  is  that  which 
is  still  spoken,  even  by  the  illiterate,  in  the  South  of  the 
Peninsula,  while  it  bears  no  resemblance  to  the  Achinese 
of  to-day.  The  reasons  for  this  similarity  between  one 
modern  dialect  and  the  old  literary  language  can  be 
explained,  though  imperfectly,  by  the  facts  of  history ; 
but  whether  explained  or  not,  the  resemblance  is  there, 
and  gives  a  special  interest  to  the  speech  of  the  inhabitants 
of  Riau,  Johor,  Malacca,  Selangor  and  Pahang. 

The  pronunciation  of  Malay  at  Johor  itself  and  in 
the  Riau-Lingga  Archipelago  differs  in  two  important 
respects  from  the  written  language.  A  final  a  is  pro- 
nounced like  the  German  0  or  as  the  English  ir  in  "sir." 
A  final  r  is  not  distinctly  enunciated ;  it  is  pronounced  as 
an  English  rather  than  a  Scotch  r.  These  differences 
disappear  on  the  West  coast  after  the  Malacca  river  has 
been  passed.  It  is  a  curious  fact  that  the  line  of  demar- 
cation between  the  two  divisions  of  the  Riau- Johor  dialect 
should  be  drawn  so  abruptly  in  the  centre  of  the  town  of 
Malacca  itself.  The  language  of  the  coast  districts  from 
the  Malacca  River  to  the  River  Bernam  is  therefore  very 
correct  indeed,  but  the  immigration  of  foreign  Malays  into 
Selangor  is  causing  great  changes  in  the  speech  of  the 
inhabitants  of  that  state. 

The  dialect  of  Kedah  differs  very  materially  from 
that  of  Riau  and  Johor,  The  differences  divide  them- 
selves naturally  into  four  classes. 

The  first  class  includes  all  cases  in  which  entirely 
distinct  words  or  expressions  are  used  to  express  the  same 
idea.  Thus  the  pronoun  of  the  second  person  is  hang  in 
Kedah  and  engkau  in  literary  Malay;  the  word  for  a 
rainbow  is  ular  dami  in  Kedah  and  pelangi  at  Riau  and 
Johor.  This  class  can  be  extended  so  as  to  cover  cases 
where  one  dialect  has  words  for  which  the  other  has  no 


corresponding  equivalent.  Thus  the  word  gun  is  purely 
a  Kedah  word  unknown  in  any  form  to  the  Malays  of  the 
South. 

The  second  class  includes  all  cases  where  the  same 
word  exists  in  both  dialects  but  is  used  in  slightly  different 
connections  or  senses.  Thus,  alor  bears  one  meaning  in 
Malacca  and  a  somewhat  different  one  in  Kedah  Malay. 
Differences  of  this  sort  are  somewhat  rare. 

Dialectic  differences  of  the  two  classes  above-men- 
tioned can  only  be  recorded  in  the  body  of  a  Dictionary. 

The  third  class  includes  all  cases  in  which  groups  of 
words  of  a  certain  form  consistently  adopt  a  certain 
different  form  in  another  dialect.  Thus  words  terminating 
in  id  in  Riau-Johor  Malay  are  pronounced  by  Kedah 
Malays  as  though  they  terminated  in  tii.  Regular 
dialectic  changes  of  this  character  occurring  in  Kedah 
Malay  have  not  been  recorded  in  the  body  of  this  work 
and  must  be  enumerated  here. 

The  vowel  which  at  Riau  approaches  the  sound  of 
the  French  /'  in  mitCy  in  Kedah  rather  approaches  that  of 
the  French  e  in  iete. 

The  vowel  which  at  Kiau  approaches  the  sound  of  0 
in  ''  bone,  "  in  Kedah  is  nearer  that  of  00  in  ''  boot." 

The  letter  ra  is  pronounced  like  a  ghain. 

The  letter  hd,  as  an  initial  letter,  is  more  pronounced 
and  more  common  than  in  the  South. 

Final  a  is  very  distinctly  articulated;  its  sound 
resembles  that  of  the  English  ar  in  "  star." 

Final  ar  is  pronounced  like  final  a'  or  ak^  and  final 
or  is  pronounced  like  0'  or  ok. 

Final  ir  is  pronounced  ia'  or  iak. 

Final  s  is  pronounced  like  eh  or  ihy  e.g.,  beras  becomes 
beraih,  tents  becomes  teniih^  betis  becomes  betih  or  beteh. 

Final  p  is  pronounced  like  b;  e.g.,  ktitib  for  kutip. 

Final  /  is  softened  till  it  resembles  the  French  ille  in 
paille.  Thus  tebal  becomes  tcba'i  or  tebaiy ;  batil  becomes 
batiy ;  betid  becomes  betuiy. 

The  duplicaticjn  of  words  is  replaced  by  the  duplica- 
tion of  the  first  consonant,  e.g.,  pepnyu  for  puyti-puyu, 
lelaki  for  laki-laki,  bebiri  for  biri-biri. 

The  prefixes  ter  or  te,  per  or  pe,  and  ber  or  be  are 
replaced  by  ta,  pa  and  ba  the  a  being  short  but  not  quite 
indeterminate.  Thus  berjalan  becomes  bd-jalan,  temptnis 
becomes  tdmpeneh.  The  vowel  sound  in  the  other  prefixes 
—  7ne  and  ke,  —  also  resembles  the  sound  of  a. 

The  fourth  class  of  differences  comprises  those  cases 
in  which  modified  forms  of  the  same  word  are  used  in  the 
two  dialects  but  in  which  the  modification  does  not  seem 
to  follow  any  regular  law  of  change.  Thus  bnwaya  in 
Riau- Johor  Malay  becomes  boy  a  in  Kedah,  biyawak  in  the 
South  becomes  bewak  in  the  North,  etc.     Variants  of  this 


[    711    ] 


sort  must  be  noted  as  they  occur  in  the  body  of  a 
Dictionary.  But  though  many  of  these  changes  are  not 
universal,  certain  general  lines  of  tendency  may  be  noticed, 
such  as  the  occasional  change  of  k  into  g  as  the  dialect 
changes  from  Riau  to  Kedah.  The  use  of  d  for  /  is  also 
noticeable,  e.g.,  delaki  for  lelaki  or  laki-laki,  gedembai  for 
kel^mbai,  etc. 


In  conclusion,  it  should  be  said  that  though  variations 
in  the  use  of  words  in  different  parts  of  the  Peninsula 
have  often  been  recorded,  very  little  has  been  done  to 
facilitate  the  systematic  comparison  of  the  dialects,  and 
the  points  noted  in  this  work  do  not  by  any  means  exhaust 
the  subject  even  as  regards  the  study  of  Kedah  and  of 
Riau-Johor  Malay, 


APPENDIX   IV. 


ORTHOGRAPHY. 


There  is  no  system  of  Malay  spellmg  which  meets 
with  universal  or  even  with  extensive  acceptance.  Certain 
general  principles  may  be  observed  to  underlie  the 
practice  of  individual  writers,  and  certain  orthographical 
tendencies  may  be  traced  in  the  spelling  of  successive 
generations.  But  this  is  all.  In  the  spelling  of  individual 
words  wide  differences  exist.  However  desirable  the 
acceptance  of  a  regular  system  may  appear,  there  exists 
no  method  by  which  uniformity  can  be  enforced.  No 
special  authority  is  therefore  claimed  for  the  spelling  of 
words  in  this  book.  A  Dictionary  is  essentially  a  work  of 
reference,  and  the  system  of  orthography  here  followed  is 
the  one  which  lends  itself  most  readily  to  facility  of 
reference.  On  the  question  of  what  is  correct,  Malays 
have  agreed  to  differ ;  and  the  student  of  Malay  can  only 
claim  for  his  own  methods  the  toleration  which  he  is 
willing  to  extend  to  those  of  other  writers. 

The  oldest  Malay  manuscripts  available  to  study 
prove  that  a  fairly  consistent  system  of  orthography  was 
in  force  at  Achin  in  the  first  half  of  the  seventeenth 
century.  This  system  differs  from  the  usual  practice  of 
modern  writers  in  four  principal  features  : 

(i)  Early  writers  omitted  to  write  final  wau  and 
yd  in  words  like  batu,  kiri,  where  modern 
scribes  almost  invariably  use  those  final  letters ; 

(2)  Early  writers  omitted  final  alif  in  words  like 
bisa,  rasay  while  those  of  the  present  day 
sometimes  write  it  and  sometimes  omit  it ; 

(3)  Early  writers  never  used  alif,  wau  and  yd  as 
medial  vowels  in  closed  syllables,  while 
modern  writers  often  do  ; 

(4)  Modern  Malays  almost  invariably  use  an  alif 
in  the  second  syllable  of  words  like  oV 
{tiiwan)  ^^^j  (ruwas)  where  older  writers 
would  not  use  the  alif  but  would  write  oy 

The  first  of  these  changes  has  met  with  such  general 
acceptance  among  modern  Malays  that  it  may  be 
considered  to  have  become   an  established   rule.    The 


older  practice  survives  in  a  few  words  such  as   ^y}    (ini), 

cu»\  (itu),  the  rarity  of  which  emphasizes  the  extent  to 

which  the  change  has  been  adopted.  The  difference 
betw^een  the  long  and  the  short  vowels  (other  than  the 
indeterminate  vowel)  is  so  slight  in  Malay  that,  even  in  the 
earliest  MSS.,  examples  can  be  found  of  inconsistency 
in  the  spelling  of  final  vocalic  syllables.  The  change 
in  some  instances  can  thus  be  easily  explained  by  the 
difficulty  of  always  correctly  indicating  extremely  fine 
distinctions  of  sound,  but  its  extension  to  all  cases  is  no 
doubt  due  in  great  measure  to  modern  theories  of  legibility. 

The  use  of  a  final  alif  in  words  ending  with  the  sound 
a  has  not  met  with  such  general  acceptance ;  indeed,  the 
exceptions  may  be  as  numerous,  or  more  numerous,  than 
the  cases  in  which  the  alif  is  employed.  Under  the 
circumstances,  the  change  has  not  been  considered 
estabHshed,  but  (lexicographically)  the  matter  is  of  little 
importance  as  the  use  or  disuse  of  the  letter  in  question 
rarely  affects  the  position  of  a  word  in  the  dictionary. 

The  third  change — the  use  of  alif,  wau  and  yd  as 
medial  vowels  in  closed  syllables — is  of  far  greater  interest 
and  importance.  The  use  of  these  letters,  the  huruf  saksi 
as  they  are  called,  is  opposed  to  Arabic  alphabetical 
theory.  The  syllable  should  consist  of  two  letters  ;  the 
introduction  of  a  third  must  have  been  a  bold  innovation. 
There  seems  no  reason  to  ascribe  this  change  to  trans- 
literation from  an  older  Malay  alphabet,  as  the  use  of  the 
huruf  saksi  is  a  comparatively  modern  thing.  The  inno- 
vation may  have  been  to  some  extent  countenanced  by 
the  disuse  of  case-endings  in  Arabic  words  such  as  kitdb, 
islam,  etc.,  but  it  w^as  certainly  developed,  if  not  actually 
introduced,  by  European  influence.  It  must  be  remem- 
bered that -until  recently  the  printing  of  Malay  books  has 
been  entirely  in  the  hands  of  Europeans,  especially  in 
those  of  missionaries,  and  that  the  influence  so  exercised 
must  have  been  great.  The  power  of  public  instruction, 
under  European  direction,  has  also  to  be  reckoned  with. 
Under  these  conditions  it  is  not  surprising  that  modern 
Malay  spelling  in  the  Straits  has  been  much  affected  by 
English  alphabetical  theory,  notably  in  the  use  of  the 
hurilf  saksi  and  in  the  use  of  alif  in  words  like  tuwan  and 
ruwas.  It  may  be  predicted  that  if  nothing  is  done  to 
check  existing  tendencies  the  use  of  the  hurilf  saksi  as 
English  vowels  will  extend  to  all  words.  This  solution 
of  the  present  difficulties  would  not  be  an  unsatisfactory 
one.  It  would  certainly  make  Malay  spelling  consistent 
and  easy,  and  it  would  avoid  the  complications  which 


would  accompany  any  attempt  to  stereotype  orthography 
in  its  present  transitional  stage. 

For  convenience  of  reference,  it  is  advisable  in  a 
Dictionary  either  to  consistently  use  the  Imruf  saksi  or  to 
consistently  omit  them.  Of  these  two  courses,  consistent 
omission  is  preferable.  It  brings  together  words  which 
only  differ  in  their  vowels  and  so  enables  the  student  to 
see  at  a  glance  which  of  several  interpretations  is  to  be 
given  to  a  word  of  doubtful  vocalization.  The  system 
followed  in  spelling  words  in  this  Dictionary  accordingly 
limits  a  syllable  in  a  pure  Malay  word  to  two  letters  and 
makes  no  use  of  the  hurtlf  saksi. 

In  Malay  literature,  however,  the  widest  latitude 
prevails.  A  system  of  orthography  approximating  to  the 
most  rigid  classical  usage  is  still  followed  in  many  Malay 
books  of  devotion  and  other  works  printed  in  Turkey, 
Egypt  or  Arabia  by  natives  conversant  with  Arabic.  On 
the  other  hand,  relatively  illiterate  natives  (such  as  police- 
constables  and  others  who  have  to  record  events  in  the 
course  of  their  duties  but  who  are  not  literates  by 
profession)  use  the  htinif  saksi  far  more  extensively  than 
pedantry  would  countenance.  Among  professional  literary 
men — a  very  small  class — three  theories,  at  least,  are 
recognized. 

The  first  theory  may  be  described  briefly  as  follows. 
The  wau  and  yd  should  be  inserted  in  closed  syllables 
except  where  the  two  syllables  of  a  word  are  of  the  same 

class  ;— e.g.,  tolong  is  written  ^y  ,  not   i-^y ,  and  rimtoh  is 

written    feyJ^?    not    f^y^^j*       This    theory    is    not    very 
serviceable  nor  is  it  consistently  adhered  to  by  its  own 


advocates.  It  does  not  avoid  ambiguity, — words  like 
tiilang  and  tolong,  for  instance,  are  spelt  in  the  same  way, 
— and  the  rule  has  to  be  qualified  by  an  awkward  number 
of  exceptions.  It  is  a  purely  arbitrary  system  which  is 
neither  supported  by  any  feature  in  the  theory  of  the 
Malayo-Arabic   alphabet  nor  explained  by  any  historical 


reasons. 


The  second  theory  is  that  the  Imruf  saksi  should  only 
be  used  with  rare,  difficult,  or  little-known  words.  This 
theory  is  based  on  the  fact  that  the  huriif  saksi  are 
intended  to  facilitate  reading  and  are  largely  so  used. 
But  as  a  criterion  of  correct  spelling,  this  "  system  "  is  too 
indefinite.  No  two  men  would  independently  produce 
identical  lists  of  the  *'  difficult "  words  of  a  language.  A 
literary  man,  indeed,  will  often  be  unfamiliar  with  words 
which  enter  into  the  daily  life  of  a  peasant. 

The  third  theory  put  forward  occasionally  is  that  the 
huruf  saksi  should  be  used  to  avoid  ambiguity  in  the  case 
of  words  which  would  otherwise  be  spelt  in  the  same 
way.  This  view  has  fewer  advocates  than  the  other  two 
and  therefore  lacks  the  sanction  of  extensive  usage.  It 
also  presupposes  a  knowledge  of  every  word  of  the  Malay 
language  on  the  part  of  the  person  adopting  it,  for  without 
such  a  knowledge  it  is  not  possible  to  always  know 
whether  ambiguities  can  arise. 

The  vast  majority  of  writers,  however,  trouble  them- 
selves very  little  about  theories  of  spelling.  They  spell 
as  they  have  been  taught  to  spell  without  considering 
what  is  consistent  and  what  is  not.  The  student  of 
Malay  will  consequently  do  well  to  waste  no  time  over 
the  study  of  orthography.  The  more  widely  he  reads, 
the  clearer  will  his  perception  be  of  the  futility  of  either 
expecting  uniformity  or  of  enforcing  it. 


APPENDIX  V. 


ETYMOLOGY. 


Malay  is  usually  spoken  of  as  one  of  the  **  Great 
Polynesian,"  *'Malayo-Polynesian,"  or  "Oceanic"  group 
of  tongues, — a  term  which  covers  all  the  dialects  of  the 
Sunda  Islands,  the  Moluccas,  Borneo,  Celebes,  the 
PhiHppines,  Formosa,  Micronesia,  Melanesia  (including 
part,  at  least,  of  New  Guinea),  Polynesia,  New  Zealand 


and  Madagascar.  The  extent  of  the  geographical  area 
over  which  these  languages  are  spoken  and  the  divergences 
in  physical  type  between  the  races  speaking  them  have 
sometimes  led  ethnologists  to  minimize  the  linguistic 
connection  that  exists  or  to  assume  it  to  be  the  result 
of  fortuitous   trade   relations-*^. 


I  The  similarities  are  not  confined  to  trade-words.  For  instance, 
taking  two  languages  so  geographically  remote  from  one  another  as 
Malay  and  Fijian,  we  find  : 

Fijian. 

luata-ni-siiiiii 

(sjVrt  flight) 
vula 
vain 
dhagi 

udhci 

ivai 
van  If  a 
tauo 
manu 

ika 


Malay. 

Sun 

mata-hivn 

Moon 

bill  an 

Stone 

hatu 

Wind 

angtn 

Sky 

langit 

Rain 

iijan 

Water 

ayer 

Country 

bcnua 

Soil,  earth 

tanah 

Bird 

nianok 

Fish 

than 

Mosquito 


M.\LAY. 

nvamok 


Louse 

kittu 

Tree 

luiyu 

Leaf 

daun 

Coconut 

nyior 

Fruit 

bit  ah 

Root 

akar 

Yam 

ubi 

Sugar-cane 

tebu 

Head 

tilu 

Eye 

mata 

Ear 

telin^a 

Skin 

hulit 

Fiji  AX, 

nanni 

kufii 

hail 

dran 

niti 

vita 

waha 

nvi 

ndovu 

vlu 

mata 

ndaliga 

kuli 


This  short  list  is  taken  from  a  paper  by  Mr.  S.  H.  Ray,  but  the 
relationship  between  Malay  and  Fijian  has  been  more  exhaustively 
treated  by  Dr.  Kern  of  Leyden. 


[    713    ] 


In  this  apparent  conflict  between  the  evidence  of  words 
and  that  of  racial  features  it  is  only  necessary  to  avoid 
too  sweeping  inferences.  The  Malays  are  admittedly  a 
very  mixed  people.  They  may  owe  the  basis  of  their 
language  to  only  one  of  the  many  elements  which  go  to 
make  up  their  race.  In  the  struggle  for  linguistic  existence, 
the  Oceanic  type  of  language  still  shows  extraordinary 
vitality.  The  descendants  of  Chinese,  Arabs,  and  Indian 
settlers  in  the  Peninsula,  even  where  they  outnumber  the 
true  Malays,  adopt  the  speech  of  the  country  with  the 
addition  (perhaps)  of  a  certain  number  of  their  own  w^ords 
but  without  materially  modifying  its  ideology  or  structure. 
It  may  well  be  that  the  original  Malays  themselves 
abandoned  some  speech  of  their  own  for  the  language  of 
the  Indonesian  races  who  preceded  them  in  the  possession 
of  Sumatra.  It  may  also  be  that  those  Indonesians  owed 
the  basis  of  their  speech  to  a  still  earlier  Melanesian  race. 

The  principal  feature  of  the  Oceanic  type  of  language 
is  the  fact  that  it  seems  to  be  dissyllabic  and  vocalic,  or, 
in  other  words,  that  the  primitive  word  consists  of  two 
syllables  and  that  each  syllable  ends  with  a  vowel.  It  has 
sometimes  been  suggested  that  the  absence  of  final 
consonants  is  due  to  the  softness  and  languor  which  affect 
islanders  dwelling  in  a  tropical  sea.  The  bearing  of  such 
a  theory  upon  the  etymology  of  Malay  would  be  to  imply 
that  the  final  consonants  in  its  words  and  syllables  are 
survivals,  and  that  the  omission  of  such  consonants  in 
kindred  Oceanic  languages  is  not  evidence  of  their 
absence  from  the  original  root.  A  careful  analysis  of  the 
language  makes  it,  however,  appear  that  the  syllables  other 
than  the  final  syllable  are  vocalic,  and  the  inference  is  that 
the  final  syllable  was  once  vocalic  too.  Thus,  if  we  take 
the  words  asin  and  masin,  the  7t  only  represents  what  is 
now  the  suffix  an  in  Malay  and  the  vi  represents  the  prefix 
be  or  me.  The  root  of  these  w^ords  w^ould  appear  to  be 
the  vocalic  asi  which  (with  the  meaning  of  "sea")  is 
found  in  many  primitive  Indonesian  tongues  and  is  also 
the  basis  of  the  Malay  tasek. 

The  use  of  initial  and  final  consonants  to  modify  or 
to  give  grammatical  precision  to  the  meaning  of  a  word 
is  common  to  many  Indonesian  languages  and  is  the 
ancient  practice  out  of  which  the  modern  system  of 
prefixes  and  suffixes  has  developed.  The  elaborate  rules 
regarding  the  formal  changes  in  words  under  the  influence 
of  these  prefixes  and  suffixes  are  not  ancient  and  are  only 
true  (in  their  entirety)  of  the  Riau-Johor  dialect.  The 
very  examples  quoted  in  this  Dictionary  will  show 
occasional  departures  from  the  usually  accepted  canons 
of  modiiication  ;  e.g.,  menyinta  (from  chinta)^  ngelana  (from 
kelana),  ngerawat  (from  rawat),  meterus  (from  Urns),  A 
comparative  study  of  the  initial  and  final  consonants  from 
which  the  prefixes  and  suffixes  are  derived  gives  the 
following  results : — 


(i)  initial  m  or  h  creates  an  adjective; 

(2)  initial  k  creates  a  present  participle  passive ; 

(3)  initial  t  marks  a  past  participle  passive; 

(4)  an  initial    nasal    sound    {ng  or  n)    makes  the 

verb ; 

(5)  initial  p  indicates  a  noun   {nomen  ageniis) ; 

(6)  final  n  helps    to  form  the    noun  of    state  or 

condition. 

From  these  results  we  may  infer  that  while  the 
prefixes  fe, /)^,  j^<?,  and /e^,  and  the  affix  an  represent  five 
out  of  these  six  old  forms,  the  modern  verbal  meng-  and 
men-  are  really  compounds  of  the  first  and  fonrth,  and  the 
prefix  me  (in  words  like  melunchor  or  merapai)  is  derived 
from  the  first  (adjectival)  and  not  from  the  fourth  (verbal) 
of  these  initial  consonants.  It  thus  happens  that  words 
beginning  with  the  letters  I  and  r  seem  sometimes  to  have 
tw^o  verbal  forms ;  e.g.,  merapai  and  menggerapai,  from 
rapai,  melnnchor  and  menggehmchor  from  lunchor,  and  a 
number  of  apparently  new  words  have  been  coined  in 
this  way.  Similarly  the  prefixes  peng-  and  pen-  are 
compounds  of  the  fifth  and  fonrth. 

The  subject  of  Malay  etymology  cannot  be  discussed 
with  any  exhaustiveness  in  a  brief  Appendix ;  what  is 
here  written  is  of  the  nature  of  a  caution  against  the 
practice  of  basing  etymological  theories  upon  casual 
similarities  between  individual  words.  Thus  tanjong  has 
been  stated  to  be  derived  from  tanah  ujong ;  tangan  and 
tangkap  have  been  represented  as  probably  owing  their 
origin  to  a  Sakai  root  tang  {=  hand) ;  etc.  Tanjong,  with 
its  sense  of  "projection,"  is  far  more  likely  to  be 
connected  with  w^ords  like  anjor,  anjong,  tajor,  tajokj  and 
telanjor.  In  the  same  way  the  sense  of  "curvature" 
runs  through  words  like  elong,  elok,  (or  lok),  telok,  geloug, 
jeloh,  jerelok,  relong,  and  that  of  "  angularity  "  in  words 
like  biku,  sihi,  beliku,  bengJwk,  bengkong^  and  chengkok. 
The  root  in  such  cases  is  not  to  be  obteiined  by  the 
separate  consideration  of  each  syllable,  but  (as  might  be 
expected  from  the  Oceanic  character  of  the  language)  is 
usually  made  up  of  two  vocalic  syllables  and  is  to  be  seen 
in  the  central  portion  of  most  words. 

The  study  of  Malay  etymology  is  further  complicated 
by  the  fact  that  many  Indonesian  languages  have  not 
only  had  a  common  origin  but  have  had  relations  wath 
each  other  subsequent  to  their  differentiation  into 
separate  tongues.  Thus  in  w^ords  of  common  origin,  the 
Malay  i  is  a  Javanese  r;  e.g.,  dato'  in  Malay  is  rain  in 
Javanese,  datm  is  ron^  adek  is  an.  But  subsequent  relations 
have  introduced  words  like  rata  into  Malay  literature  so 
that  the  two  forms  exist  side  by  side.  A  good  instance 
of  a  double  form  lies  in  the  roots  ndt  and  wn,  both  with 
the  common  suggestion  of  "posterior";  the  former  root 
appears  in  mndek,  kemndi^  kemiidiyan,  and  the  latter  in 
bnrit,  buritan,  uri,  and  bnri. 


APPENDIX    VI. 


ROMANIZED  MALAY. 


There  are  two  logical  systems  of  romanizing  Malay : 
the  literal,  which  follows  the  spelling,  and  the  phonetic, 
which  follows  the  pronunciation  of  a  word. 


The  literal  method  (which  has  been  followed  by  the 
Dutch  lexicographers)  takes  the  various  Arabic  letters 
and  vowels  or  vowel-points  which  make  up  a  word  and 


[    7H    ] 


represents  them  by  certain  accepted  Roman  equivalents. 
It  has  the  merit  of  simplicity,  it  gives  a  very  fair 
approximation  to  the  sound  of  the  word,  and  it  tends  to 
consistency  in  that  it  leaves  very  little  scope  for  the 
idiosyncracies  of  individual  writers.  On  the  other  hand, 
it  is  faulty  because  the  Arabic  vowel  system  does  not 
adequately  deal  with  Malay  vowel  sounds,  and  because 
its  rough-and-ready  character  hinders,  rather  than  helps, 
the  proper  study  of  phonetics. 

The  phonetic  method  presents  great  difficulties.  To 
begin  with,  it  is  difficult  to  exactly  reproduce  Malay 
sounds  in  a  character  associated  with  a  different  phonic 
system.  In  the  next  place,  the  pronunciation  of  the 
language  varies  dialect ically,  so  that  the  same  word  might 
be  differently  romanized  in  different  localities.  Again,  its 
successful  working  depends  in  a  great  measure  upon  the 
individuality  of  the  writer,  so  that  consistency  is  hard  to 
attain.  Finally,  a  phonetic  system,  however  accurate 
and  detailed,  is  a  poor  substitute  for  the  study  of  pronun- 
ciation from  the  lips  of  good  speakers. 

A  study  of  the  romanized  books  published  in 
Singapore  shows  that  a  rough-and-ready  phonetic  system 
based  on  Hunterian  principles  is  generally  followed  i;  and 
that  this  system,  on  the  whole,  works  well.  It  is  not 
always  consistent,  but  rarely  suffers  in  legibility  from  the 
peculiarities  of  individual  writers.  It  meets  the  require- 
ments of  all  except  specialists,  and  its  practical  advantages 
for  general  work  need  not  be  sacrificed  to  a  pedantic  love 
for  the  perfectly  accurate  or  the  perfectly  uniform. 


I  In  a  number  of  publications  of  the  American  Mission  Press  a 
peculiar  system  of  omitting  the  indeterminate  vowel  has  been  adopted, 
leading  to  spellings  such  as  "  mmbri.'*  This  system  is  not  referred  to  ;  it 
is  hardly  Hunterian,  and  is  in  only  limited  use. 


In  this  work,  the  literal  methods  followed  by  the 
Dutch  lexicographers  have  been  generally  observed;  but  a 
certain  latitude  has  been  taken  in  the  representation  of 
vowel  sounds,  and  notes  have  been  added  in  cases  where 
the  transliteration  of  a  word  would  otherwise  give  an 
incorrect  idea  of  its  pronunciation.  Had  it  been  possible 
to  deal  in  the  spirit  of  the  specialist  with  the  dialects  of 
the  Malay  Peninsula,  these  would  not  have  been  the  only 
concessions  to  phonetics.  As  it  is,  the  spelling  in  this 
Dictionary  would  possess  sufficient  simplicity  for  popular 
usage  but  for  the  use,  in  certain  cases,  of  the  redundant 
w  and  y*  The  popular  spelling  of  Uiwan  as  tuan  and  oiiya 
as  ia  is  to  be  recommended  for  general  elementary  work, 
but,  in  more  advanced  work,  is  apt  to  be  misleading.  It 
suggests  that  the  second  syllable  in  words  such  as  those 
quoted  above,  commences  with  the  spiritm  lenis  when  it 
really  begins  with  a  w  or  a  j.  It  gives  an  incorrect  idea 
of  the  value  of  alifhy  confusing  the  **hamzated"  alif  With 
the  alif  of  prolongation.  It  is  also  faulty  for  etymological 
study ;  for  instance,  watu  is  the  Javanese  form  ofbatu,  and 
the  bearing  of  this  fact  on  the  derivation  of  snwatu  is  not 
suggested  by  the  spelling  suatti  which  implies  that  atu  and 
not  watu  is  the  second  portion  of  the  word.  These  points 
may  seem  trivial ;  but  the  confusion  imported  into  Malay 
spelling  is  in  great  measure  due  to  the  inadequate  com- 
prehension of  the  alphabet  fostered  by  the  belief  that  the 
spelling  tuan  is  not  a  mere  approximation  to  the  sound  of 
a  certain  work  but  is  an  exact  transliteration  of  certain 
Arabic  letters.  For  this  reason,  it  has  been  considered 
advisable,  in  a  work  for  relatively  advanced  students,  to 
sacrifice  simplicity  to  some  slight  extent.  For  elementary 
students  the  popular  system  is  recommended  and  has 
been  used  in  every  work  except  this  by  the  writer  of  this 
Dictionary.! 


I    E.g.,   in    Kelly  and    Walsh's   Malay    Handbook   and   in    some 
Romanized  School  Readers — published  anonymously. 


APPENDIX    VII. 


LIST    OF    ABBREVIATIONS. 


Achin. 

Arab 

Arab.  Nights. 

Batav. 

Bint,  Tim.    .. 

Bust.  Sal.     ,. 


C.  and  S. 


Achinese  (van  Langen's  Dictionary 
is  the  one  referred  to). 

Arabic. 

Arabian    Nights,    Malay    version, 
published  in  Singapore. 
Batavia  Malay. 

**  Bin  tang  Timor,"  the  name  of  a 
newspaper  published  in  Singa- 
pore in  1895. 

Bustdnu  's-saldtin,  MS.  The  two 
first  books  of  this  work  have, 
however,  been  published  in 
Singapore,  American  Mission 
Press. 

Malay-English  Dictionary  by 
Clifford  and  Swettenham,  Letters 
A.  to  G. ;  Government  Press, 
Taipeng,  Perak. 


Chin.... 


Cr. 


Cr.  Gr. 


Cr.  Hist.  Ind.  Arch. 

Eng 

Eur 


Chinese.  The  dialect  of  Chang- 
chow,  near  Amoy,  is  the  one 
referred  to  unless  otherwise 
stated;  Dictionary  by  Carstairs 
Douglas. 

Malay-English  Dictionary,  by 
J.  Crawfurd. 

Dissertation  on  the  Malay  langu- 
age (grammatical  portions),  by 
J.  Crawfurd. 

History  of  the  Indian  Archipelago, 
in  3  volumes,  by  J.  Crawfurd. 

English. 

"European,"  i.e.,  some  European 
language,  used  when  it  is  doubt- 
ful which  of  two  or  more 
European  languages  a  word  is 
derived  from. 


[    715    ] 


Fut  Sh. 
Hay.  Haiw.... 

Hind. 
Ht. 

Ht.  Abd.      ... 


Ht.  Abus. 


Ht.  Ahm.  Md.,  or  Ht. 
Ahm.  Muhd. 


Ht.  AL,  or  Ht.  ^AL... 


Ht.  Bakht.   ... 


Ht.  Berm.  Sh.,  or  Ht. 
Berm.  Shahd. 

Ht.  Best 


Ht.  Fut.  Sh.... 
Ht.  Ganj.  Mara 

Ht.  Gh. 


Ht.  Gul  Bak. 
Ht.  Hamz.  ... 


Ht.  Hg.  Tuw... 


Ht.  Ind.  Bang. 

Ht.  Ind.  Jaya. 
Ht.  Ind.  Laks. 


Futtihu'sh'Shdm^  a  Malay  work  on 
a  Muhammadan  war  in  Syria; 
lithographed,  Singapore. 

Haiyatu'l-haiwdn,     a    treatise    on 

the  use  (as  drugs)  of  portions  of 
the  bodies  of  animals ;  Singapore. 

Hindustani  (Urdu). 
Hikdyat,      A    generic    name    for 
Malay  prose  romances. 

Hikdyat  'AbduHlah^  Straits  Gov- 
ernment Edition,  1888-1889. 
Better  editions  have  been 
published  by  the  Straits  Asiatic 
Society  and  in  Holland  (Ed. 
Klinkert). 

Hikdyat  Abii's-samah ;  lith.,  Singa- 
pore. 

Hikdyat  Ahmad  Muhammad;  lith., 

Singapore. 

Hikdyat   ^Ald'u'd-dm;    a    Malay 

version  of  the  story  of  Alladiu 
and  the  wonderful  lamp ;  Singa- 
pore. 

Hikdyat  Bakhtiydr ;    Dutch   rom- 

anized  edition.  An  edition  in 
the  Arabic  character  has  been 
published  by  the  Government 
Press,  Singapore. 

Hikdyat  Berma  Shahdan;  MS. 

Hikdyat  Besiammam ;  MS.      This 

work  has  recently  been  litho- 
graphed in  Penang. 

See  Fut.  Sh. 

Hikdyat      Ganj  a      Mara;     lith., 

Penang. 

Hikdyat  Ghulam;  MS.  This 
story  is  a  version  of  the  Hikdyat 
Bakhtiydr, 

Hikdyat  Gul  Bakuwali;  printed, 
Singapore. 

Hikdyat  Hamza;  MS.  Extracts 
from  this  work  have  been 
published  in  Holland,  and  the 
complete  romance  has  been 
recently  lithographed  in  Penang. 

Hikdyat     Hang      Tuw  ah ;      MS. 

Extracts  from  this  work  have 
been  published  in  Holland  and 
at  Batavia. 

Hikdyat  Indera  Bangsawan ;  lith., 

Singapore. 

Hikdyat  Indera  Jaya ;  MS. 

Hikdyat  Indera  Lahana;  lith., 
Singapore. 


Ht.  Ind.  Meng- 


Ht.  Ind.  Nata.. 


Ht.  Isk.  Dz.,  or  Ht. 
Isk.  Dzul 


Ht.  Ism.  Yat. 


Ht.  Jah.       ... 
Ht.  Jay.  Asm. 


Ht,  Jay.  Lengg. 
Ht.  Kal.  Dam. 


Ht.  Koris 

Ht.  Mar.  Mah.,orHt. 
Mar.  Mahaw. 


Ht.  Mas.  Ed. 
Ht.  Mash.    ... 


Hikdyat  Indera  Mengindera;   MS. 

This   MS.  was  afterwards  copied 
and  lithographed  in  Penang. 

Hikdyat  Indera  Nata;    MS.     This 

romance  contains  many  Batavia 
words. 


Hikdyat  Iskandar  DzuH-karnain ; 
'MS. 

Hikdyat  Isma  Yatim.  The  old 
Dutch  edition  has  been  used; 
but  the  first  portion  of  a  new 
edition  of  this  work  has  been 
published  in  Romanized  Malay 
by  the  Education  Department  in 
Singapore. 

Hikdyat  Jahidin;  lith.,  Singapore, 
from  the  Dutch  edition. 

Hikdyat  Jaya  Asmara;  MS. 
This  MS.  was  afterwards  copied 
and  published  at  the  Govern- 
ment Press,  Singapore. 

Hikdya  t  Jaya  L  engga  ra ;  MS. 

Hikdyat  Kalilah  dan  Daminah ; 
romanized  edition,  Batavia.  This 
work  has  been  published  in  the 
Arabic  character  at  the  Govern- 
ment Press,  Singapore. 

Hikdyat  Koris  ;  MS. 

Hikdyat     Marong     Mahawangsa ; 

MS.  This  work,  also  known  as 
**  Kedah  Annals,"  was  subse- 
quently lithographed  in  Penang. 

Hikdyat  Mas  Edan,  a  Panji  tale; 

'MS. 

Hikdyat     MashhuduH-hakk ;      von 

Dewall's  edition  (romanized) ; 
Batavia. 


Ht.Md.Hanaf.,orHt. 
Muhd.  Hanaf. 


Ht.  Nakh.  Muda    ... 


Ht.  Nap. 


Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

Ht.  Par.  Put.,  or  Ht. 
Pg.  Ptg 

Ht.  Perb.  Jaya,orHt. 
Perb.  Wij. 


Hikdyat  Muhammad  Hanafiyyah ; 
lith.,  Singapore. 

Hikdyat  Nakhoda  Muda;  lith., 
Singapore. 

Hikdyat  Napoleon;  printed  at  the 
Sultan  of  Lingga's  press. 

Hikdyat  Putera  Jaya  Pati ;  MS, 

Hikdyat  Parang  Puting ;  MS. 

Hikdyat  Perbu  Jaya  (sometimes 
read  Perha-wijaya) ;  MS.  (a  Panji 
tale). 


[    7i6    ] 


Ht.  Raj.  Bdk. 
Ht.  Raj.  Don. 

yt.  Raj.  Kh. 

Ht.  Raj.  Pas. 

Ht.  Raj.  Sul. 

Ht.  Sg.  Samb. 
Ht.  Sh. 

Ht.  Sh.  Kub. 
Ht.  Sh.  ,Mard.. 

Ht.  Si  Misk. 

Ht.  Sri   Rama 

Ht.  Sri 

(Maxw). 


Rama 


Ht.  Suit.  Ibr. 

Ht.  Zaly.  .., 
J.  I.  A.  ... 
J.  S.  A.  S.  ... 


Jav. 

.. 

Kam. 

Kech.... 

KL 

Mahk. 

Raj.  ... 

Majm. 

al  Ahk 

Malay  Phys. 

Marsd. 

Marsd.  Gr.   ... 
Menangk. 


Hikdyat  Raja  Btidak  ;  lith.,  Singa- 
pore. 

Hikdyat  Raja  Donan;  published  in 
the  Journal  of  the  Straits 
Branch  of  the  Royal  Asiatic 
Society. 

Hikdyat     Raja     Khondok ;     lith., 

Singapore. 
Hikdyat  Raja  Pasai ;  Dulaurier's 

edition. 
Hikdyat    Raja     Sidaiinan ;    lith., 

Singapore, 
Hikdyat  Sang  Samba;  MS. 

Hikdyat  Sharkan ;  MS.     A   Panji 

tale. 
Hikdyat  Shah  Ktibdd  ;  MS. 

Hikdyat  Shdh-i'Mar dan,  MS.  This 
romance  has  been  published  in 
lithographed  form  in  Singapore. 

Hikdyat  Si  Misktn;  lith., 
Singapore. 

Hikdyat  Seri  Rama;  MS. 

A  Penglipor  lara  (rhapsodist) 
version  of  the  Hikdyat  Seri  Rama, 
published  (editor,  Sir  William 
Maxwell)  in  the  Journal  of  the 
Straits  Branch  of  the  Royal 
Asiatic  Society. 

Hikdyat  Sultdn  Ibrahtm;  printed 
'by  Kelly  and  Walsh,  Ltd., 
Singapore. 

Hikdyat  DzuH-yazdn ;  lith., 
Singapore. 

Journal  of  the  Indian  Archipelago 
(ed.  J.  R.  Logan). 

Journal  of  the  Straits  Branch  of 
the  Royal  Asiatic  Society. 

Javanese. 

Kdmus  kechil  Melayti  dan  ^ Arabia 
Malay-Arabic  vocabulary  pub- 
Hshed  in  Singapore  (lith.) 
apparently  by  a  Java  Malay. 

Klinkert's  Malay-Dutch  Diction- 
ary. 

Mahkota  segala  raja-raja  or 
Tdju'S'Saldttn  ;  printed. 

Majma'u'Uahkdm,  a  Johor  Code  of 
Law ;  printed. 

Malay  Handbook  of  Physio- 
logy; printed  at  the  Govern- 
ment Press,  Singapore. 

Marsden*s  Malay-English  Diction- 
ary. 

Marsden*s  Malay  Grammar. 

Menangkabau  Malay  (van  der 
Toorn's  Dictionary). 


Mith,  Sar 

Mol.  Mai 

Muj 

Onom.           

P.  W 

Panch 

Pel.  Abd 

Pemb.  Bet 

Pers 

Phys.              

Pijn 

Port 

Prov.              

R.  A.  S 

R.  V.  E 

S.  S 

Sej.  Mai.       ... 

Sh 

Sh.  A,  R.  S.  J.. 
Sh,  Abd.  Mk.  .. 

Sh.  B.  A.  M.  .. 
Sh.  Bah.  Sing. 
Sh.  Bid. 


Sh.  Bid.  (Leyden) 

Sh.  Bur.   Nuri 

Sh.  Bur.  Pungg. 

Sh.  Ch.  Ber. 

Sh.  Dag.       ... 

Sh,  L  M.  P. 

Sh.  Ibl.       


Kitdb  masd'alah  sa-ribu  (often 
called  masdHl  sa-ribu  or  mithdHl 
sa-ribti) ;  lith.,  Singapore. 

Malay  spoken  in  the  Moluccas 
(selections  published  in  Holland). 

Miijarbat,  a  Malay  treatise  on 
Medicine  and  the  Black  Art; 
lith.,  Bombay, 

Onomatopoeic. 

Province  Wellesley. 

Panchatanteran,  a  version  of  the 
Hikdyat  KalUah  dan  Dammah, 

Pelayaran  'A  bdu'llah,  Dutch 
Romanized  edition ;  Batavia. 

Pemberita  Betawi,  a  Malay 
newspaper  pubHshed  at  Batavia. 

Persian. 

See  Mai.  Phys. 

Pijnappel's  Malay-Dutch  Diction- 
ary. 

Portuguese. 

Proverbial  expression. 

Royal  Asiatic  Society. 

Roorda  van  Eijsinga^s  Malay- 
Dutch  Dictionary. 

Straits  Settlements. 

Sejarah      Melayu ;      Shellabear's 

edition        (Arabic        character), 

Singapore. 
ShaHr ;  a  generic  designation  of 

metrical  romances  and  lengthy 

poems. 

ShaHr  anak  raja  disambar  jerong  ; 
lith.,  Singapore. 

ShaHr  ^AbduH-miduk ;  lith., 
Singapore.  This  poem  has  also 
been  printed  at  Leyden. 

ShaHr  bunga  ayer  mawar ;  lith., 
Singapore. 

ShaHr  bah  Singapura ;  lith., 
Singapore. 

Shamir  Bidasari ;  MS.  References 
are  also  given  to  van  Hoevell's 
edition  of  this  poem  (published 
in  theBatavian  Society's  transac- 
tions), and  to  an  edition  printed 
more  recently  at  Leyden.  The 
poem  has  also  been  repeatedly 
lithographed  at  Singapore. 

See  above. 


nun , 


Hth., 


Shamir      burong 
Singapore. 

ShaHr     burong    ptmggok ;     lith., 
Singapore, 

Sha%r      chinta       berahi;      lith., 
Singapore. 

Sha%r  dagang;  lith.,  Singapore. 
ShaHr     Hbdrat     manikarn     pari; 

hth.,  Singapore. 
Sha%r  Iblis;  lith,,  Singapore. 


[    717    ] 


Sh. 

Ik.  Trub. 

Sh. 

Jul).    Mai. 

Sh. 

Jur.    Bud 

Sh. 

K.  G.  T. 

Sh. 

Kamp.  Boy. 

Sh. 

Ken.  Tab. 

Sh. 

Kumb.  Chumb... 

Sh. 

Lail.  Mejn. 

Sh. 

Lamp.    ... 

Sh. 

Maul.  Nabi 

Sh. 

May 

Sh. 

Nas.,  or  Sh.  Nasih 

Sh.  Panj.  Sg. 


Sh.  Pant.  Shi. 


Sh. 
Sh. 

Sh. 

Sh. 


Peng.      ,. 
Pr.  Ach. 

Pr.  Turk. 

Put.  Ak. 


Sha'tr       ikan       tenibok ;       lith., 
Singapore, 

Sha'tr  Jtibili  Melaka  (addresses 
at  the  Jubilee  celebrations, 
1887,  at  Malacca) ;  lith., 
Singapore. 

Sha'ir  juragan  bndiman ;  lith., 
Singapore. 

Shamir  Kampong  Gelam  terbakar ; 
(Romanized)  Singapore. 

Sha'ir  Kampong  Boy  an  di-makan 
api  ;  lith.,  Singapore. 

Sha'ir  Ken  Tabuhan;  MS-  This 
poem  has  been  printed  at  Leyden 
and  lithographed  in  Singapore. 

Sha'ir  kumbang  chmnbiiwan ;  lith., 
Singapore. 

Sha'tr  Laili  Mejmhi ;  Singapore. 

Sha'tr  Lampong  karam ;  lith., 
Singapore. 

ShaHr  Mattldnd  Nabi;  lith,, 
Singapore. 

Shamir  may  at ;  lith.,  Singapore. 

.  Sha'ir  nasihat  bapa'  kapada  anak  ; 
lith.,  Singapore. 

Sha'ir  Panji  Samerang ;  MS. 
This  poem  has  been  litho- 
graphed at  Singapore. 

Sha'ir  pantun  sheloka ;  lith., 
Singapore. 

Sha%r pengantin ;  lith.,  Singapore. 

Shamir  perang  Acheh;  lith., 
Singapore. 

Shamir      perang 
Singapore. 

Shamir      piiteri 
Singapore. 


Tiirki;       lith., 
'Akal;       lith., 


Sh.  Raj.  Haji. 


Sh.  Rej 

Sh.  Sg.  Ranch. 

Sh.  Sh.  Al 

Sh.  Si  Lemb. 

Sh.  Sing.  Terb.   -    ... 

Sh.   Sri   Ben.,   or   Sh 
Sri  Bun     ... 

Sh.  Tab.  Mimp. 

Sh.  Ul. 

Sh.  Ungg.  Bers. 

Sh.  Yat.  Nast. 

Siam. 

Simb.  Ch.     ... 


Skr,  ... 
Tam.  ... 
Tarn.  Perm. 

Tijd.  N.  I. 
V.  d.  W. 


Sha%r  Raja  Hdji ;  published  in 
the  Journal  of  the  Straits 
Branch  of  the  Royal  Asiatic 
Society. 

ShaHr  rejang  ;  lith.,  Singapore. 

ShaHr  Sang  Kanchil;  lith., 
Singapore. 

Sha'ir  Shams  wa  ^Alam;  lith., 
Singapore. 

Sha'ir  Si  Lembari ;  printed  in 
romanized  characters  (as  Silam 
bari),  Singapore. 

Shamir  Stngapura  terJbakar ;  ro- 
manized,  Singapore. 

ShaHr  Seri  Beniyan  or  Sha'tr 
Sevi  Bnniyan ;  lith.,  Singapore. 

ShaHr  ta'bir  miinpi ;  lith., 
Singapore. 

Sha'ir  Udamd ;  lith.,  Singapore. 

Sha'ir  unggas  bersuwal ;  lith., 
Singapore. 

ShaHr      Yatiin 
Singapore. 

Siamese. 


nastapa ;      lith., 


Simbnr  Chehaya,  the  name  given 
to  van  den  Berg's  edition  oif  the 
Laws  of  Palembang,  Bencoolen, 
and  Jambi. 

Sanskrit. 

Tamil. 

Taman  permata ;  Governmeiit 
Press,  Lingga. 

Tijdschrift  van  Nederlands-Indie, 

Von  Dewall's  Malay-Dutch 
Dictionary  (van  der  Tuak's 
edition). 


INDEX. 


A'AM 


ALUS 


INDEX. 


A. 


A'am  i8. 

adi,  8.                                    ^ 

ahoal  (ahwal),  6. 

a'athim  ('atlim),  438. 

adib,  9. 

ahwal,  6". 

aba,  I. 

adikara,  8. 

ai,  63. 

aba,  I, 

'adil,  437.                               i 

'aib,  439. 

ab'ad,  i. 

adinda,  8.                               \ 

'aib,  437. 

abad,  i. 

ading,  7.                                 ^ 

*ain,  439. 

abadi,  i. 

adipati  (adi),  8.                     | 

aiwan,  72. 

abadiyyat,  i. 

adiraja  (adi),  8.                      ; 

'aiyar,  439. 

abah,  2. 

adiwarna  (adi),  8. 

'ajab,  4. 

abaimana,  2. 

adoh,  8. 

'ajab,  437. 

abang,  2. 

adohi,  8. 

'ajaib,  437. 

abar,  i. 

adok,  8. 

ajak,  4. 

abau,  2. 

adon,  8.                                 \ 

ajal,  4. 

abawt,  2, 

adu,  8. 

ajar,  4. 

*abdi,  437. 

aduh,  8.                                  1 

'ajam,  437. 

abelor,  2. 

aduhai,  8. 

aji,  5- 

abentara,  2. 

adzab,  437.                             i 

ajir,  5. 

abi,  2. 

adzan,  9,                                 i 

ajla,  5. 

abiadi,  2. 

adzlak,  9. 

ajnas,  5. 

abid,  2. 

'abid,  437. 

abilah,  2. 

abis  (habis),  680. 

abjad,  i. 

ablor  (abelor),  2. 

aboe,  2. 

af  al,  24.                                  1 
afdlal,  24. 
afik,  25. 

'ifiyat,  437. 
aflat6n,  25. 
afrak,  24. 

ajok  4. 

ajujah  (jujat),  236 
ajun,  5. 
ajuwaf,  5. 
*akad,  438. 
*akal,  438. 

abok,  2* 

^afrit,  438. 

akan,  28. 

abor,  I. 

;  afsir,  24. 

akar,  27. 

abrak,  i. 

1  afstin,  24. 

akas,  27. 

abras,  i. 

abtar,  i. 
abu,  2. 
abus,  I. 

;  afyfin,  25. 
^  agah,  29. 
agak,  29. 

agai,  29. 

'akas,  438. 
akasa,  27. 
akat,  27. 
akbar,  27. 
akek,  27. 

achah,  6. 

agam,  29. 

achan,  5. 

agan,  29. 

akhbar,  27. 

achang,  5. 

agar,  28. 

akhdlar,  7. 

achap,  5. 

agas,  28. 

akhidz,  6. 

achar,  5. 

ageh,  29. 

akhir,  6. 

achara,  5. 

aghlaf,  18. 

akhirat,  7. 

achat,  5 

agok,  29. 

aki,  28. 

acheh,  6. 

agong,  28. 

'akik,  438. 

achi,  6. 

agut,  28. 

*akikat,  438. 

achita,  5. 

agus,  28. 

akit'(akek),  27. 

achu,  5. 
achum,  5. 
ada,  7. 

1  ah,  62. 

ahad,  6. 
•  ahadah,  6. 

akmal,  27. 
akrab,  27. 

adab,  7. 

ahbar  (akhbdr),  6. 

akram,  27. 

a'dad,  18. 

ahdiyyat,  6. 

aksa,  27. 

'adaiat,  437. 

ahir  (akhir),  6. 

aksara,  27. 

adam,  8. 

ahirat  (akhirat),  7. 

aku,  28. 

adang,  7. 

ahkdm,  6. 

akus,  27. 

adap  (hadap),  682. 

ahl,  63. 

al,  29. 

adar,  7. 

ahli,  63. 

ala,  29. 

adas,  7. 

ahmad,  6. 

'ala,  438. 

'idat,  437- 

ahmak,  6. 

'ala^  438. 

'adawat,  437. 

ahmar,  6. 

ala,  18. 

adek,  7. 

aho,  63. 

alabangka,  29. 

alah,  32, 
alai,  32. 
'alaihi,  438. 
'alaikum,  438. 
'alam,  437. 
*alam,  438. 
a'lam,  18. 
alaman,  29. 
alamang,  29. 
'alamat,  438. 
alan,  31. 
alan,  18. 
alang.  30. 
alap,  31. 
alar,  30, 
alas,  30. 
alat,  29. 
alat,  29. 
alau,  32. 
aleh,  32. 
aleja,  33. 
alek,  31. 

aleku,  31. 

alemas,  31. 

algoja,  31. 

ali,  33' 

'ali,  438. 

*ali,  437. 

aha  (ahya),  ^^. 

alias  (aliyas),  33. 

alif,  31. 

alilintar,  31. 

alim,  31. 

'alim,  437. 

ahmun,  33, 

ahn,  31. 

aling,  31. 

alipan,  33. 

alir,  30. 

alis,  30. 

alit,  29, 

aliya,  33. 

aliyas,  33. 

*aliyat,  437. 

alkari,  31. 

alkonya,  31. 

alku  (aleku),  31, 

Allah,  31. 

almari,  31. 

almas  (alemas),  31. 

along,  31. 

alor,  30. 

alpa,  31. 

alperes,  31, 

alti,  30. 

alu,  32. 

alun,  32. 

alus,  30. 


alwa,  32. 
alwah,  32. 
alwat,  32. 
*am,  437. 
ama,  33. 
*amal,  439. 
aman,  33. 
amanat,  ^^. 
amang,  37. 
amansari,  40. 
amar,  37. 
amat,  36. 
ambai,  36. 
ambal,  35. 
amban,  35. 
ambang,  34. 
ambar,  34. 
ambat,  33. 
ambik,  35. 

ambii,  35. 
ambin,  35. 
ambohi,  36. 
amboi*  (ambohi),  36. 
ambon,  35. 
ambong,  34, 
ambor,  34. 
ambu,  36. 
ambul,  35* 
ambus,  34. 
amil  (hdmil),  278. 
amin,  40. 
amir,  40. 
amis,  37. 
amlas,  40. 
*amm,  437. 
amma,  33. 
*ammat,  437. 
amok,  40. 

ampai,  39. 

ampang,  38. 

ampar,  38. 

ampas,  38. 

ampat  (empat),  38. 

ampir,  38. 

ampis,  38. 

ampit,  37. 

ampong,  38. 

ampu,  39. 

ampuan    (ampuwan),  39. 

ampul,  39. 

ampun,  39. 

ampunya  (empunya),  39. 

amput,  37. 

ampuwan,  39. 

amra,  37. 

amris,  37, 

amthal,  37. 

anai,  51. 

anak,  49. 

anakanda,  50. 

aiiakda,  50. 

anakhoda,  46. 
anam,  51. 
ananda,  51. 
aiiang,  49. 
*anbar,  439. 
anbiyi',  40. 
anchai,  45. 


anchak,  45. 

anchai,  45. 
;  anchar,  45. 
I  anchok,  45. 

I  anchong,  45. 
I  anchu,  45. 

anda,  46. 
I  andai,  48. 

andak,  47. 

;  andal,  47. 

andam,  48. 

andan,  48. 

andang,  46. 

andar,  46. 

andas,  46, 

andaseturi,  46. 

andawali,  48. 

andeka,  49. 
'   anderak,  46. 

i  andika,  49. 
andoh,  48. 
andok,  47. 

andom,  48. 
andoman,  48. 
andon,  48. 
andong,  46. 
andor,  46. 
andul,  47. 
anega,  51. 
aneka,  51. 
anfas,  49. 
ang,  18. 
angan,  13. 
i  angat  (hangat),  683. 
angek,  19. 

angga,  21. 
anggai,  23. 
anggal,  23. 
anggap,  22. 
anggar,  21. 
anggara,  21. 
anggau,  23. 
anggerana,  22. 
anggerek,  22. 

j  anggerka,  22. 

!  anggis,  22. 

I  anggit,  21. 

I  anggok,  22. 

anggoi,  23. 
anggong,  22. 
anggor,  22. 
anggota,  23. 
anggrek  (anggerek),  22. 

anggun,  23. 
anggut,  21. 
angin,  23. 
angit  (hangit),  683. 
angka,  19. 
angkang,  20. 
angkap,  20. 
angkar,  20. 
angkara,  19. 
angkasa,  19. 
angkat,  20. 
angkau  (engkau),  21. 
angkelong,  21. 
angkeroh,  20. 
angkit,  20. 


I  angkoh,  21. 
i  angkok,  21. 

!  angkup,  20. 

angkusa,  21. 
;  angkut,  20. 

anglo,  23. 

anglong,  23. 

angor,  19. 

angrawan,  19. 

angsa,  19. 

angsana,  19. 

angsar,  19. 

angsoka,  19. 

angsur,  19. 

angus  (hangus),  683. 

angut,  19. 
i  ani,  51. 

i  aniaya  (aniyaya),  51. 
I  aning,  49. 
j  aniyaya,  51. 

anja,  43. 
I  anjak,  44. 

1  anjal,  44. 
I  anjang,  43. 
:  anjar,  43. 

anjerah,  43. 

anjtl,  44. 
I  anjiman,  44. 
i  anjing,  43. 

anjir,  43. 

anjong,  43. 

anjor,  43. 
i  anom  (enom),  51. 

anor,  49. 

ansar,  49. 

ansor,  49. 
anta,  40. 
antah,  42. 
antak,  41. 

antakesoma,  42. 
antan,  42. 
antang,  41. 
antap,  41. 
antar,  41. 
antara,  40. 
anteh,  42. 
antero,  43. 
anti,  42. 
antil,  42. 
anting,  41. 
antlas,  (entelas),  42. 
antok,  41. 

antui,  42. 
antul,  42. 
antun,  42. 
antup,  41. 
anu,  51. 
anugerah,  50. 
anugeraha,  50, 
anun,  51. 
anyam,  72. 
anyang,  72. 
anyek,  72. 

anyir,  72. 
anyut,  72. 
apa,  25. 
apabila,  25. 
apai,  26. 


apak,  26. 

apakala,  26. 
apam,  26. 
apas,  25. 
apek,  26. 

j  api,  26. 
I  apil,  26. 
I  apit,  25. 

apong,  26. 
i  apum,  26. 

apus,  26. 

apyfin,  27. 

ara,  9. 

*arab,  437. 

*aradl,  437. 

a'raf,  18. 
I  arah,  12. 
I  arai,  12. 
I   arak,  11. 

I  arakiyan,  11. 
aral,  11. 
aram,  11. 
aran,  12. 
arang,  10. 
ararut,  g. 
aras,  9. 
*arash,  437. 
arau  (harau),  682. 
arba*a,  9. 
arbab,  9. 
archa,  9. 
arga,  11. 
arham,  g. 
ari,  12. 
'arif,  437. 
arik,  11. 

aring,  10. 

ariningsun,  12. 

arip,  II. 

aris,  13. 

aris,  10. 

arit,  9, 

arjuna,  9. 

arka,  11. 

arkian  (arakiyan),  11. 

armada,  12. 

arnab,  12. 

arok,  II. 

aron,  12. 

arong,  10. 

arpus,  II. 

arshad,  10. 

art  a  (herta),  685. 

artal,  9. 

aru  (haru),  682. 

aruan  (aru wan),  12. 

aruda,  12. 

'arudl,  437- 

aruwan,  12. 

arwa,  12. 

arwilh,  12. 

*arya,  13. 

ar^,  9. 

as,  13. 

asa,  13. 

*asabat,  438. 

asad,  15. 
asah,  16. 


ASAH 


[     iii     ] 


BAKfM 


asali,  17. 

asahan,  13. 
asai,  17, 
asak,  15. 

asal,  17, 

asali,  17. 

asam,  16. 
asam,  17. 

asap,  15. 
'asar,  438. 
asek,  15. 

asfal,  15. 
asfar,  17. 

'ashik,  437. 

asil,  18. 

asin,  16. 
asing,  15. 
'askar,  438. 
asma',  16. 
asmara,  16. 
asndd,  i5. 
asoh,  17. 
asok,  15. 

asrafil,  15. 
asrafin,  15. 


i  asta  (hasta),  686, 

astaka,  13. 
;  astakona,  14. 
i  astana,  13. 

astina,  15. 
:  asu,  16. 
i  asut,  13, 
i  atal,  3. 

atap,  3, 

atar,  3. 

*atar,  438. 

atas,  3. 
atau,  4. 
atawa,  3. 
atbak,  18. 

athar,  4. 
athkal,  4. 

athmat  ('atlamat),  438. 
ati  (hati),  681. 
atishnak,  3. 
a*tlam,  18. 
'atlamat,  438. 
atlas,  18. 

*atlim,  438. 
atma,  4, 
atong,  3. 


ator  (atur),  3. 
atur,  3. 
atus,  3. 
au,  51. 
a'Mzu,  18. 
aula,  61. 
auliyd',  61. 
aum,  61. 
aur,  54. 
a*6r,  18. 
aus,  56. 
auta,  52. 
awa,  51. 
aw  ah,  62, 
awak,  57. 

awal,  58. 
awan,  61, 
*awan,  439. 
awang,  56. 
awar,  54. 
awas,  56. 
awat,  52. 
ayah,  72. 
ayahanda,  72. 
ayak,  68. 
ayam,  70. 
ay  an,  71. 


I  ayang,  67. 
i  ayap,  68. 

ayapan,  63, 
i  ayar,  65. 
j  ayat,  63. 
!  ayer,  65. 

ayerloji,  66. 
I  ayo,  71. 
I   ayoh,  72. 

ayok,  68. 

ayu,*  71. 

ay  lib,  72. 

ayum,  70. 

ayun,  71. 

ayut,  64. 

ayuta,  72. 

ayyam,  63. 

azad,  13. 

azal,  13. 

^azal,  438. 

azali,  13. 

*azam,  438. 

azhar,  13. 

'azimat,  438. 

*aziz,  438. 

'azza,  437. 


B. 


Ba,  72. 
ba,  72. 
bdb,  72. 
baba,  72. 
babad,  72. 
babah,  73. 
babak,  73. 

babal,  73. 
baban,  73. 
babang,  7^. 
babap  (babat),  72. 
babar,  72. 
babas,  73. 
babat,  73. 
babi,  73. 
babil,  7Z^ 
babit,  72. 
babok,  7^, 

babor,  72. 
babu,  73. 
bacha,  77. 
bachak,  77. 

bachang,  77. 
bachar,  77. 
bachin,  77, 
bachir,  77. 
bachok,  77. 

bachul,  77. 
bad,  93. 
bid,  77. 
ba*d,  100. 
bada,  77. 


bada,  93. 
badai,  78. 
badak,  78. 

badam,  78. 
badan,  94. 
badang,  78. 
badar,  78,  93. 
badek,  78. 

badi,  78. 
ba'dl,  100. 
badok,  78. 

badong,  78 

badus,  78 

badut,  77. 

baduwi,  94. 

badwi,  94. 

bafta,  105. 

bagai,  83. 

bagaimana,  107. 

bagal,  83. 

bagan,  83. 

bagas,  83. 

bagau,  83. 

baghal,  100. 

baghi,  81, 

bagi,  83, 

bagimana  (bagaimana),  107. 

bagini,  107. 

bagitu,  107. 

bagok,  83. 

bagong,  83. 
bagor,  83. 


bagu,  83. 

bagus,  83. 

bah,  136. 

bahaduri,  156. 

bahagya  (behagiya),  137. 

bahak,  137. 

bah  am,  88. 

bahan,  88. 

bahang,  88. 

bahar,  88,  137. 

bahar,  93, 

bahar,  136. 

bahari,  93. 

bahas,  88. 

bahasa  (behasa),  1^6. 

bahat,  88. 

bahath,  93, 

bahi,  137. 

bahkan,  137. 

bahru  (beharu),  136. 

bahtera,  137. 

bahu,  88. 

bahwa,  137. 

bahya  (behaya),  137. 

bai',  143. 

ba^id,  100. 

baidl,  143. 

baiduri,  140. 

baik,  89. 

bainip,  141. 

bait,  138. 

baja,  76. 

bajak,  76, 


bajan,  76. 
bajang,  76. 
bajau,  76. 
baji,  77. 
bajik,  76. 

bajing,  76. 
baju,  76. 
bak,  105. 

baka,  82, 
baka,  105. 

bakai,  83. 
bakak,  82. 

bakal,  82. 
bakal,  106. 

bakam,  83. 
bakap,  82. 
bakar,  82. 
bakarah,  106. 

bakarat,  106. 
bakat,  82. 
bakau,  83. 
bakdul,  106. 
bakek,  82. 

bakhil,  93. 
bakhil,  77. 
bakhiyah,  93. 
bakhshish,  93. 
bakht,  93. 
bakhtiydr,  93. 
baki,  82. 

bakim,  107. 


BAKIE 


[     iv     ] 


BiDOK 


bakir,  82. 
bakiyah,  106. 

baicok,  82. 

bakong,  82. 
bakti,  105. 

bakul,  83. 
bakup,  82. 
bala,  83. 
baladewa,  no. 
balagh,  no. 
balaghat,  108. 
balah,  86. 
balaij  86. 
balak,  85. 

balakh,  109. 
balam,  86. 
balan,  86. 
balang,  84. 
balasan,  no. 
balar,  84. 
balas,  84. 
balau,  86. 
balchi,  109. 
bald,  109. 
baldewa,  no. 
baldi,  no. 
balek,  85. 

balerang,  114. 
balerong,  114. 
balgham,  no, 
bali,  87. 
baligh,  84. 
baling,  85. 
baliya,  113. 
baliyah,  115. 
balkis,  in. 
balmara,  in. 
baloh,  86. 
balohan,  113. 
balok,  85, 

balong,  85. 
baler,  84. 
balsam,  no. 
balu,  86. 
balui,  86. 
balun,  86. 
bal6r,  112. 
balut,  84, 
baluwarti,  112. 
bam,  115. 
bam  bang,  115. 
bambu,  116. 
bambun,  116. 
bami,  87. 
banang,  87, 
banar,  87. 
banat,  87. 
ban^t,  116, 
banchang,  121. 
banchaii,  121. 
banchi,  121. 
banchoh,  121. 
banchut,  120. 
bandahara  (bendahara), 

122. 
bandan,  122. 
bandang,  122. 
bandar,  122. 


bandarsah,  121. 
bandela,  122. 
bandera,  123. 
bandering,  121. 
bandeya,  123. 
banding,  122. 
bandok,  122. 

bandong,  122. 

bandu,  122. 

bandul,  122. 

bandut,  121. 

bandwan  (bendiiwan), 
122. 

bang,  100. 

bangai,  81. 

ban  gar,  81. 

bangat,  81. 

bangau,  81. 

bangbang,  100. 

bangela,  105. 

bangelas,  X05. 

bangelo,  105. 

banggi,  105. 

bangkah,  104. 

bangkahulu,  104. 

bangkai,  104. 

bangkal,  104. 

bangkang,  103. 

bangkar,  102. 
I  bangkas,  102. 
I  bangkeng,  103. 
i  bangking,  103. 
I  bangkir,  102. 

bangkit,  102. 

bangkong,  103. 

bangku,  104. 

bangkulu,  104. 

bangkulun,  104. 

bangkut,  102. 

bangsa,  100. 

bangsai,  10 1, 

bangsal,  loi. 

bangsat,  10 1. 

bangsa  wan,  10 1. 

bangsi,  loi. 

bangsong,  loi. 

bangun,  81. 
i  bant,  123. 

baning,  87. 

banir,  87, 

baniyaga,  123. 

baniyan,  125. 

banijar,  120. 

banji,  120. 

banjir,  120. 

bantah,  120. 

bantai,  120. 

bantal,  119. 

bantan,  119. 

bantang,  117. 

bantara,  117. 

ban  tat,  117. 

bante,  120. 

banteng,  117. 

banting,  118. 

bantu,  119. 

ban  tun,  119. 

bantut,  117. 

banti,  123. 


banyak,  90. 

banyar,  90. 
banyu,  90. 
bap,  105. 
bapa,  81. 
bapak,  82. 

bapang,  82. 
bara,  78. 
barah,  80. 
barai,  80. 
baran,  79. 
barang,  70. 
baras,  96. 

barat,  78. 
barau,  79. 
barek,  79, 
bari,  80. 
barid,  99. 
baring,  79. 
baris,  79. 
barkandan,  97. 

barnis,  98. 
baroh,  80, 
barok,  79. 

barong,  79. 
baru,  79. 
baruna,  98. 
barus,  79. 
barut,  78. 
barzak,  96. 

basah,  80. 
basal,  80, 
basar,  100. 

basau,  80. 
bashah,  81. 
basi,  81. 
basir,  100. 

basit,  1 00. 

basitah,  100. 

basoh,  80. 
basong,  80. 
basuta,  100. 

bata,  73. 
batak,  74. 
batal,  100. 
bital,  81. 
batMah,  100. 
batan,  100. 

batang,  74- 
batas,  74. 
batek,  74. 

batel,  74. 
ba'th,  100. 
bati,  76. 
batil,  74. 
batin,  75. 
bitin,  81. 

batir,  74. 
batoh,  76. 
batok,  74. 
batong,  74. 
bator,  74. 
batrlk,  100. 

batu,  75. 


bau,  87. 
bauk,  88. 

bauiu,  88, 

baun,  88. 

baung,  87. 
i  baur,  87. 
I  bawa,  87. 
I  bawah,  88. 
I  bawal,  88. 
j  bawang,  88. 
;   bawasir,  123. 
'  bawat,  87. 

bawur,  87. 

bay  a,  89. 

bayak,  89. 

bayam,  89. 

bayan,  137. 
i  bayan,  90. 
1  bayang,  89. 
\  bayar,  89. 

bay  as,  89. 
:  bayoh,  90, 
I  bayong,  89. 
I  bayor,  89. 
I  bayu,  90. 
I  baz,  80. 
I  bazar,  80. 
!  be',  137. 

J  bebaka  (baka),  82. 
j  bebal,  91. 
i  beban,  91. 
I  beban,  138. 
j  bebang,90. 
I  bebaran,  90. 
I  bebarau,  90. 
I  bebari,  90. 
I  bebas,  138. 
!  bebat,  90. 
;  bebek,  138. 

I  beberam,  90. 
beberek,  91. 

I  bebet,  138. 
\  bebiri,  91. 
j  beboreh,  91. 
I  bebuli,  91. 
I  bebuta,  91. 
1  bechak,  139. 

i  bechak,  92. 
j  bechang,  139. 
!  bechek,  139. 

I  bechok,  139. 

I  bechok,  93. 

I  beda,  139. 
j  bedak,  140. 

I  bedak,  93. 

i  bedal,  94. 
!  bedan,  94. 

bedar,  139. 

bedara,  93. 

bedawi  93. 

bedebah,  93. 

bedek,  140. 

bedil,  94. 
bediya,  94. 
bedok,  94. 


BiDONG 


] 


b£nitan 


bedong,  93. 

beduanda  (bidiiwanda),  94. 

bedukang,  94. 

beduri,  94. 

bedza,  140. 

bega,  143. 

begahak, 107. 

begakf 143, 

begal,  144, 
begap,  143. 
begar,  107. 
begawan^  107. 
begok,  107. 

behadi,  136. 
behagi,  137. 
behagiya,  137, 
behala,  137. 
behana,  137. 
behara,  136. 
behari,  136. 
beharu,  136. 
behasa,  136. 
behaush,  145. 
behaya,  137. 
behina,  137, 
behkan,  137. 
bejana,  92. 
bejar,  139. 
beka,  143. 
bekahak,  106. 

bekak,  106. 

bekakak,  106. 

bekal,  106. 
bekam,  106. 
bekang,  106. 
bekang,  143. 
bekas,  106. 
bekat,  106. 
bekatul,  106. 
bekia  (bekiya),  T07. 
bekil,  106, 
bekiya,  107. 
bekii,  107. 
bekukong,  107. 
bela,  107. 
bela,  144. 
belabat,  107. 
belachak,  108. 

belachan,  108. 
belachu,  108. 
beladau,  108. 
beladu,  108. 
belah,  113. 
belahak,  109. 

belai,  113. 
belak,  iii. 

belak,  144. 

belaka,  108. 
belakang,  108. 
belakin,  108. 
belaking,  108. 
belalah,  108. 
bglalai,  108. 
belalak,  108. 

belalang,  108. 
belam,  iii. 


i  belambang,  iii. 
I  belanak,  log. 

:   belanda,  112. 
I  belandong,  112. 
■  belang,  no. 

belanga,  108. 

belangkas,  in. 

belangkin,  in. 

belanja,  112. 

belantah,  112. 

belantan,  112. 

belantara,  11 1, 

belantek,  112. 

belar,  no. 
belaram,  108. 
belas,  no. 
belasah,  108, 
belat,  109. 
belata,  107. 
belatek,  107. 

belati,  107. 
belatok,  107. 

belau,  112. 
belawa,  109. 
belebar,  114. 
belebas,  109. 
belebat,  109. 
belebaii,  109, 
beleda,  109. 
beledoh,  no. 
beledok,  114. 

beledu,  no. 
belek,  144. 

belek,  in. 

belekeh,  114. 
beleko,  114. 
belelang,  in. 
belemak,  in. 
belembang,  in. 
belen,  145. 
beleng,  no. 
belengas,  no, 
belenggu,  in, 
belengket,  no. 
belengkong,  in. 
belengset,  no. 
belenset,  112, 
belenting,  112. 
belera,  114. 
belerang,  114. 
belesit,  no. 
beleter,  114. 
belewar,  115. 
beli,  113. 
beliban,  114. 
belibat,  113. 
belibis,  114. 
belida,  114. 
belidang,  114. 
beligu,  114. 
belikas,  114. 
belikat,  114. 
beliku,  114. 
bSlimbing,  in. 
belin,  in. 
belinjau,  112. 


belintan,  112. 
I  belisah,  114. 
I  belit,  109. 
I  belitong,  114. 
I  beliya,  113. 

beliyak,  114. 

beliyan,  115. 
beliyat,  114. 
beliyau,  115. 
beliyong,  114. 
beliyut,  114. 
belodok,  112. 
beloh,  145. 
belohan,  113. 
belok,  145. 

belok,  III. 
belolok,  11^. 

belembang,  in. 

belong,  no. 
[  belongkang,  in. 
;  belongkeng,  in. 
;  belongsong,  no. 
;  belontok,  112. 

!  belor,  no. 
i  beloti,  112. 
\  belu,  112. 

belubor,  112. 

beludal,  112. 

beludoh,  112. 

beludu,  112. 

belukang,  113. 

belukap,  113. 

belukar,  113. 

belulang,  113. 

belnliik,  113. 

belulut,  113. 
belum,  III. 
belumpai,  in. 
belungkor,  no. 
belu  nj  or,  112. 
beluntas,  in. 
beliintok,  112. 
belus,  no. 
belusok,  112, 

belut,  144. 
belut,  109. 
beluwai,  113. 
belu  warn,  113. 
beluwas,  112. 
bem,  115. 
bembam,  115. 
bemban,  116. 
bembaran,  115. 
bembayang,  115. 
bembeng,  115, 
bembet,  115. 
ben,  116. 
bena,  116. 
bena,  145. 
benah,  123. 
benak,  123. 

benalu,  116. 
bSnam,  123. 
benang,  123. 
benar,  123. 
benara,  116. 
benasa  (binasa),  116. 


benchah,  121. 

benchana,  120. 

benchang,  121. 

benchi,  121. 

benda,  121. 

bendahara,  122. 
I  bendahari,  122. 
'  bendala,  121. 

bendalu,  121. 

bendang,  122. 

bendari,  121. 

bendavvat,  121. 
;  bende,  122. 

bendeh,  122. 

bendela,  122. 

bendelam,  122. 
;  benderang,  121. 

benderong. 
j  bendi,  123. 
I  bendi,  123. 
I  bendika,  123. 
I  bendir,  121. 
I  bendok,  122. 

:   bendong,  122. 
j  bendrang,  121. 
i  bendul,  122. 
t  benduwan,  122. 

bench,  123. 

bengah,  105. 

bengal,  105. 

bengang,  10 1. 

bengap,  loi. 

bengeh,  105. 

bengek,  101. 

benggal,  103. 
benggala,  105. 
benggali,  105. 
benggil,  105. 
benggol,  105. 
bengis,  100, 
bengkah,  104. 
bengkak,  103. 

bengkalai,  loi. 
bengkalis,  loi. 
bengkang,  103. 
bengkar,  102. 
bengkara,  loi. 
bengkarak,  loi. 

bengkarong,  loi. 
bengkasa,  loi. 
bengkawan,  102. 
bengkawang,  102. 
bengkayang,  102. 
bengkeng,  103. 
bengkerang,  102, 
bengkil,  104. 
bengkok,  103. 
bengkong,  103, 
bengkongkong,  103. 
bengkudu,  104. 
bengkulu,  104. 
bengkunang,  104. 
bengkuwang,  104. 
bengok,  loi. 

bengong,  loi. 
bengut,  143. 
bening,  123. 
benitan,  123. 


BiNIYAGA 


vi     ] 


EISA 


beniyaga,  123, 
beniyan,  123. 
benjil,  120. 
benjol,  120, 
bgnjor,  120. 
bennyai,  123. 
benta,  116. 
bentala,  117. 
bentan,  iig. 
bentan,  119. 
bentang,  118. 
bentangor,  117. 
bentar,  117. 
bentara,  117. 
bentas,  117. 
bentawas,  117. 
benteh,  120. 
benteng,  118. 
bentes,  117, 
bentok,  119. 

ben  tor,  117. 
benturong,  iig. 
benuwa,  123. 
benuwang,  123. 
benyek,  145. 

benyut,  145. 
bepa,  143. 
bera,  94. 
beragi,  95. 
berahi,  95. 
berahma,  98. 
berahman,  98. 
berahmana,  98. 
berai,  99, 
berak,  97. 

berak,  141. 

berakah,  95. 
beraksa,  97, 

beram,  97. 
beram,  141. 
bSramin,  95. 
beranda,  98. 
berandal,  98. 
b^randang,  98. 
berandi,  98. 
berang,  96. 
berang,  141. 
berangai,  95. 
berangan,  95. 
berangsang,  96. 
berangta,  96. 
berangti,  96. 
berani,  95. 
beranta,  98. 
berapa,  95. 
beras,  96. 
beras,  141* 
berat,  95. 
berata,  94. 
berbana,  95. 
berchat,  96. 
berdus,  96. 
berebat,  95. 
berek,  97. 

berek,  141. 

beremban,  97. 
berembang,  97. 
beremi\  98. 


\  berenang,  98. 
i  berenas,  98. 
I  berendi^  98. 

bereng,  96. 

berenga,  96, 

bgrengau,  96. 

berenggil,  96. 

berengos,  96* 

berengsel,  96. 

berengu,  96. 

bereseh,  96. 

beret,  141. 

bergok,  97. 

berhala,  98. 
berhamma,  98. 
berhamman,  98. 
beri,  99. 
berida,  99. 
berik,  97. 
berinda,  98. 
beringin,  99. 
beris,  96. 
berita,  99. 
beriyang,  99. 
berkas,  97. 
berkat,  97. 
berkek,  97. 

berkok,  97. 

berkong,  97. 

berliyan,  97. 

berma,  97. 

bernang  (berenang),  98. 

bernas  (berenas),  98. 

berniyaga,  98. 

berochi,  98. 

beroga,  98. 

berohi,  98. 

berok,  97. 

berombong,  97. 
beronok,  98. 

beroti,  98, 
berowi,  98. 
bersat,  96. 
berseh,  96. 
bersil,  96. 
bersin,  96. 
bersit,  96. 
bersut,  96. 
bertam,  95. 
berteh,  95. 
bSrudu,  98. 
beruga,  98. 
berugu,  98. 
berunai,  98. 
berus,  96. 
beruwang,  98. 
beruwas,  98. 
besan,  142. 
besar,  99. 
beser,  142. 
besi,  100. 
bSsikor,  100, 
besing,  99. 
beskat,  99. 
besok,  142. 

bestari,  99. 
besut,  99. 
beta,  138. 
betah,  92. 


betak,  91, 
betap,  91. 
betapa,  91. 
betara,  91. 
bgtari,  91. 
betas,  91. 
betawi,  91, 
betek,  138. 

betek,  91. 

beteka,  92. 
beti,  139. 
beti,  92. 
betina,  92. 
beting,  91. 
betis,  91. 
betok,  92. 

betong,  91. 
betul,  92. 
betut,  91. 
betiitu,  92. 
bewak,  145. 

beya,  137. 

beyo,  145. 

bhagi  (behagi),  137. 

bhani  (beharus,  136. 

bi,  72. 

bia  (biya),  137- 

biadab,  137. 

biar  (biyar),  140. 

biasa  (biyasa),  137. 

biawak  (biyawak),  138. 

bibi,  138. 
bibir,  138. 
bibit,  138. 
bichara,  92. 
bichu,  139. 
bida,  139. 
bida'ah,  93. 
bidadari,  93. 
bidai,  140, 
bidak,  140. 

bidal,  140. 
bidan,  140. 
bidang,  140. 
bidas,  139. 
bidiyadari,  94. 
bidok,  140. 

bidor,  139. 
biduwan,  94. 
biduwanda,  94. 
bighair,  100. 
bihaush,  145. 
bihi,  136. 
bijak,  139. 

bijaksana,  92, 

bijan,  139. 
bijeh,  139. 
biji,  139. 
bijil,  139- 
biken,  143. 
bikir,  143,  106. 
biku,  143. 
bila,  144. 
bila,  107. 
bilah,  145. 
bilai,  145. 
bilak,  145. 


biUl,  108. 

bilalang  (belalang),  108. 

bilamana,  iii. 

bilang,  144. 

bilar,  144, 

bilas,  144. 

bilau,  145. 

bilek,  145. 

bi'l-hakk,  84. 
bills,  144. 
bilolang,  113. 
bniahi,  86, 
bilor,  144. 
biludak,  112. 

bima,  145. 

bimbang,  115. 

bimbit,  115. 

bin,  116. 

bina,  145. 

bina',  116. 

binasa,  116. 

binatang,  116. 

binchana  (benchana),  120. 

binchang,  121. 

binchul,  121. 

binchut,  120. 

bindu,  122. 

bingar,  143. 

bingas,  143. 

bingit,  143. 

bingka,  loi. 

bingkai,  105. 

bingkang,  103, 

bingkas  102. 

bingkis,  102. 

bingong,  143. 

bini,  145. 

binjai,  120. 

bint,  116. 

bintak,  119. 

bintal,  119. 
bintan,  119. 
bintang,  118. 
bintara  (bentara),  117. 
bintat,  117. 
bintek,  119. 

binti,  120. 

bintil,  119. 

bintit,  117. 

bintong,  118. 

bintul,  119. 
i  binturong  (benturong),  119. 

biola  (biyola),  145. 

bira,  140. 

birah,  141. 
i  birahi  (berahi),  95. 
j  birai,  141. 
]  biram,  141. 
i  birama,  95. 
I  biramani,  141. 
i  biras,  141. 
'  birat,  141. 
[  birau,  141. 
i  bireh,  141. 
,  biri,  141. 
I  biring,  141. 

biru,  141. 
;  biruga,  98. 
I  bisa,  142. 


BISAI 


[     vii     ] 


BURA 


bisai,  142. 
bisat,  142. 
bisek,  142. 

bishirat,  100. 
bisi,  142. 
bising,  142. 
biskut,  99. 
bismi,  99. 
bismil,  100. 
bi'smi'llahi,  100. 
bisnu,  100. 
bisok,  142. 

bisu,  142. 
bisul,  142. 
biya,  137. 
biyadab,  137. 
biyak,  143. 

biyang,  143. 
biyaperi,  137. 
biyar,  140. 
biyas,  142. 
biyasa,  137. 
biyawak,  138. 

biyawan,  138. 
biyawas,  137, 
biyaya,  138. 
biyola,  145, 
biyuku,  145. 
biyus,  142, 
biyut,  138. 
bizurai,  142,  99. 
bla  (bela),  107. 
blachan  (belachan),  108. 
blah  (belah),  113. 
blakang  (belakang),  108. 
blanda  (belanda),  112, 
blang  (belang),  no. 
blanga  (belanga),  108. 
blanja  (belanja),  112. 
bias  (belas),  no. 
blat  (belat),  109. 
bli  (beli),  113. 
blian  (beliyan),  115. 
blikat  (beiikat),  114. 
bliong  (beliyong),  114. 
blit  (belit),  109. 
blukar  (belukar),  113. 
blut  (belut),  109. 
bobos,  124. 
bochah,  126. 
bochak,  126. 
bochok,  126. 

bochong,  126. 
bochor,  126. 
bodi,  127. 
bodoh,  127. 
bodok,  126. 

boga,*  131. 
bogam,  131. 
bogang,  131. 
bogel,  131. 
bogi,  131. 
bogok,  131. 

bogot,  131. 
boh,  136. 
bohok,  135. 
bohong,  135. 


bojot,  126, 
bok,  105. 

bokcha,  106. 

bokong,  130. 
bokop,  130. 
bokor,  130. 
bokot,  130. 
bol,  107. 
bola,  131. 
bolak,  132. 

belong,  132. 
bolos,  132. 
bolot,  131. 
bolsa,  no, 
bolsak,  no. 

bolu,  133. 
bomantara,  116. 
bomba,  115. 
bombe,  116. 
bombong,  115. 
bomo,  134. 
bomor,  134. 
bonchol,  121. 
bonda,  121. 
bondok,  122. 

boneka,  123. 
bong,  100. 
bongak,  130. 
bongelai,  105. 
bonggol,  105. 
bongkak,  103. 
bongkal,  104. 
bongkam,  104. 
bongkang,  103. 
bongkar,  102. 
bongkas,  103. 
bongkeng,  103. 
bongkok,  104. 

bongkol,  104. 
bongkong,  103. 
bongok,  130. 

bongor,  130. 
bongsu,  loi. 
bonjol,  120. 
bonot,  134. 
bonyor,  136. 
bopeng,  130. 
bor,  94, 
bora,  127. 
borak,  127. 

borang,  127. 
bordu,  96. 
boreh,  128. 
borek,  128. 

boreng,  127. 
borga,  97. 
boria,  128. 
boriah,  99. 
borong,  127. 
boros,  127. 
bosa,  128. 
bosan,  129. 
boseta,  100. 
bosor,  128. 
bostin,  99- 
bot,  91. 
botak,  125. 


botan,  125. 
botol,  125. 
boya,  135. 
boyak,  136. 

boyan,  136. 
boyas,  135. 
boyot,  135. 
bra  (bera),  94. 
brahi  (berahi),  95. 
brahmana  {berahmana),98, 
brai  (berai),  99. 
brak,  (berak),  97. 

bram  (beram),  97. 
brang  (berang),  96. 
brangan  (berangan),  95. 
brangsang  (berangsang),96. 
brani  (berani),  95. 
brapa  (berapa),  95. 
bras  (beras),  96. 
brat  (berat),  95. 
brat  a  (berata),  94. 
bri  (beri),  99. 
brok  (berok),  97. 

bronok  (beronok),  98. 

bruang  (beruwang),  98. 
bruas  (beruwas),  98. 
brudu  (berudu),  98. 
brunai  (berunai),  98. 
brus  (berus),  96. 
buah  (buwah),  135. 
buai  (buwai),  135. 
bual  (buwal),  131. 
buana  (buwana),  124. 
buang  (buwang),  129. 
buas  (buwas),  128. 
buat  (buwat),  125. 
buaya  (buwaya),  124. 
buboh,  124. 
bubok,  124. 

bubong,  124. 
bubor,  124. 
bubu,  124. 
bubul,  124. 
bubus,  124. 
bubut,  124. 
buchu,  126. 
buchuk,  126. 

budak,  127. 

budi,  127. 
budiman,  94. 
budok,  127. 

budu,  127. 
bueh,  135. 
bughah,  100. 
bugil,  131. 
bugis,  131. 
bujal,  126. 
bujam,  126. 
bujang,  126. 
bujangga,  92. 
bujing,  126. 
bujok,  126, 

bujor,  126. 
buk,  105. 

buka,  130. 
bukak,  130. 


bukal,  130. 
bukann,  130. 
bukan,  131. 
bukat,  130. 
bukbak,  105. 

bukit,  130. 

buku,  131. 

bukut,  130. 

bulai,  134. 

bulan,  132. 
■  bulang,  132. 

bulangan,  108. 

bular,  132. 
\  bulat,  132. 

bulbul,  109. 

buldan,  109, 

buleh,  133. 

bull,  134. 

bulir,  132. 

buloh,  133. 

bulor,  132. 

bulu,  133. 

bulugh,  112. 

bulus,  132. 

bulut,  131. 

bum,  115. 

btim,  134- 

bumbong,  115. 

bumbu,  116. 

bumbun,  116, 

bumi,  134. 

bun,  116. 

buna,  134. 

bunchis,  121. 

bunchit,  120. 

bundar,  121. 

bundong,  122. 

bund<ik,  122. 

bung,  100. 
bunga,  129. 
bungak,  130. 

bungar,  i3o. 
bungelai,  105. 
bungkah,  104. 
bungkal,  104. 
bungkam,  104. 
bungkas,  103. 
bungkus,  103. 
bungsil,  loi. 
buni,  134. 
buniyan,  123. 
bunoh,  134. 
buntak,  119. 

buntal,  119. 

buntang,  118. 

buntar,  117. 

buntat,  117. 

buntil,  119. 

bunting,  118. 

buntor,  117. 

buntu,  119. 
;  buntul,  119. 
i  buntut,  117. 
i  bunut,  134. 
\  bunyi,  136. 
I  bupala,  150,  130. 
j  bupati,  105,  130. 
I  bura,  127. 


tt 


BUBAI 


[     viii     ] 


CHE' 


btirai,  128. 
burik,  95. 

buraksa,  97. 

buram,  128. 
buran,  128. 
burga,  97. 
burhan,  98. 
buri,  128. 
burin,  128. 
btirit,  127. 
burj,  96. 
burka%  97. 
burok,  128. 
burong,  127. 


buru,  128. 
buruh,  128. 
burtij,  98. 
burun,  128. 
bums,  127. 
burnt,  127. 
busa,  128, 
busana,  99. 
busanda,  100. 
busar,  128. 
busi,  129. 
busok,  129. 

busong,  129. 
busor,  128. 


busperit,  99. 

bustan,  99. 

buste,  99. 

busut,  128. 

buta,  124. 
\   butala,  91,  125, 
'  butang,  125, 
;   butih,  125. 
!   butir,  125. 
j   butoh,  125. 
I   butor,  125. 

butu,  125. 

butum,  100. 


butun,  125. 
buwah,  135. 
buwai,  135. 
buwak,  130. 

buwal,  131. 
buwana,  124. 
buwang,  129. 
buwara,  123. 
buwas,  128. 
buwat,  125. 
buwaya,  124. 
buweh,  135. 
buyong,  136. 
buyut,  135. 


c 


Chi,  241. 
chabai,  242. 
chabak,  242. 

chabang,  242. 
chabar,  241. 
chabek,  242. 

chabi,  242. 
chabir,  241. 
chabit,  241. 
chabok,  242. 

chabul,  242. 
chabut,  241. 
chacha,  242. 
chachah,  243. 
chachak,  243. 

chachang,  243. 
chachap,  243. 
chachar,  243. 
chachat,  243, 
chachau,  243. 
chachi,  243. 
chachil,  243. 
chaching,  243. 
chadak,  244. 

chadang,  244. 
chadar,  243. 
chadi,  244. 
chagak,  246. 

chagar,  246. 
chagu,  246. 
chagut,  246. 
chah,  274. 
chahar,  248. 
chahya  (chehaya),  274, 
chaing,  248. 
chak,  257* 

chakah,  246. 
chakang,  246. 
chakap,  246* 
chakar,  245. 
chakat,  245. 
chakawari,  258. 
chakera,  246,  257. 
chakerawala^  257. 


chakok,  246. 

chakra  (chakera), 

246,  257. 
chakup,  246. 
chakus,  246. 
chalak,  246. 

chalang,  246. 
chalar,  246. 
chalat,  246. 
chaling,  246. 
chalit,  246. 
chalok,  247. 

chalong,  246. 
chalu,  247. 
chalun,  247. 
chalus,  246. 
cham,  261. 
chamang,  247. 
chamar,  247. 
chamau,  247. 
chambah,  261. 
chambang,  261. 
chambok,  261. 

chambur,  261 - 
chamchah,  262. 
chamdek,  262. 
chameng,  247. 
chamin,  247. 
chamor,  247. 
champa,  262. 
champah,  263. 
champai,  263. 
champak,  263. 

champang,  263. 
champaringat,  263. 
champelu,  263. 
champin,  263. 
champing,  263. 
champong,  263. 
champor,  262. 
chan,  264. 
chana,  247, 
chanai,  247, 
chanang,  247. 


chanar,  247. 
chanchang,  265. 
chanda,  265, 
chandak,  267. 

chandakiya,  267. 
chandal,  267. 
chandan,  268. 
chandang,  267. 
chandarasa,  266. 
chandat,  266. 
chandek,  267. 

chandi,  268. 
chandit,  266. 
chandong,  267. 
chandu,  268. 
chang,  252. 
changak,  244. 

changap,  244. 
changerai,  253. 
changga,  255^ 
changgah,  255. 
changgai,  256. 
changgek,  255. 
changgong,  255. 
changip,  244. 
changit,  244. 
changkal,  254. 
changkat,  253. 
changkeh,  255. 
changkeng,  253. 
changkir,  253. 
changkis,  253. 
changkok,  254. 

changkong,  253. 
changkul,  254. 
changkup,  254. 
changok,  245. 

chanigara,  268, 
chantas,  264* 
chantek,  264. 

chanting,  264. 
chantum,  264. 
chanu,  247. 
chap,  256. 


chapa,  245. 
chapah,  245. 
chapai,  245. 
chapak,  245. 

chapai,  245. 
chapang,  245. 
chapar,  245. 
chapek,  245. 

chapeng,  245. 
chaping,  245. 
chapiyau,  257. 
chapok,  245. 

chapul,  245. 
chara,  244. 
charam,  244. 
charang,  244. 
charbi,  250. 
charek,  244. 

chad,  244. 
charit,  244. 
charok,  244. 

charu,  244. 
charup,  244. 
charut,  244. 
chas,  252. 
chat,  248. 
chatang,  242. 
chatok,  242. 

chator,  242. 
chatu,  242. 
chatur,  242, 
chaul,  248. 
chaung,  247. 
chaus,  247. 
chawak,  248. 

chawan,  248. 
chawang,  248. 
chawas,  247. 
chawat,  247. 
chawi,  248. 
chawis,  247. 
chayer,  248. 
chayu,  248. 
che',  274. 


CHiBAI 


[     ix     ] 


chebSlano 


chebai,  248. 
chebak,  248. 

cheban,  248. 
chebek,  248. 

chebil,  248. 
chebis,  248. 
chebok,  248. 
chebok,  274. 

chebol,  274. 
chebor,  248. 
chechah,  249. 
chechak,  249. 

chechap,  249. 
chechawi,  249. 
cheche,  275. 
checheh,  275. 
checher,  275. 
chedas,  249. 
cheding,  249. 
chedok,  249. 

chedok,  275. 

chega,  276. 
chegak,  258. 

chegak,  276. 

chegar,  258. 
chegat,  258. 
chegok,  258. 

cheh, 274. 
chehari,  274. 
chehaya,  274. 
chek,  257. 

chekah,  258. 
chekak,  258. 

chekal,  258. 
chekalong,  257. 
chekam,  258. 
chekang,  257. 
chekap,  257. 
chekar,  257. 
chekau,  258. 
chekeh,  258. 
chekek,  258. 

chekel,  276. 
cheki,  258. 
chekit,  257. 
chekok,  258. 

chekor,  257. 
cheku,  258. 
chekup,  258. 
chekut,  257, 
chela,  258. 
chela,  276. 
cheladang,  258. 
chelaga,  259. 
chelaguri,  260. 
chelah,  260. 
chelak,  260. 

chelaka,  259. 
chelam,  260. 
chelampus,  260. 
chelana,  259. 
chelang,  259. 
chelap,  259. 
chelapah,  259. 
chelapak,  259. 

chelapek,  259. 


chelapeta,  259. 
chelarai,  259, 
chelari,  259. 
chelaru,  259. 
chelas,  259. 
chelatu,  258. 
chele,  276. 
chelebok,  259. 

chelebor,  259. 
cheledang,  261. 
cheledok,  261. 

cheleh,  260. 
chelek,  260. 
chelekoh,  261. 
chelekuti,  260. 
chelempong,  260. 
cheleng,  276. 
chelengap^  259. 
chelengkang,  259. 
chelengkok,  259. 

chelepa,  260. 
chelepak,  260. 
chelepek,  260. 
chelepek,  261. 

chelepoh,  260. 
chelepok,  260. 

chelichi,  260. 
chelis,  259. 
chelong,  259. 
chelor,  259. 
cheloteh,  260. 
chelulut,  260. 
cheluin,  260. 
chelumis,  260. 
chelup,  260. 
chelupar,  260. 
chelus,  259. 
chemak,  263. 

chemar,  262. 
chemara,  261. 
chemas,  262. 
chemat,  261. 
chembu,  261. 
chembul,  261. 
chemburu,  261. 
chemekiyan,  263. 
chememar,  263. 
chememis,  264. 
chemendari,  263. 
chemengkiyan,  262. 
chemer,  276. 
chemerekap,  262. 
chemerelang,  262. 
chemereHng^,  262, 
chemeti,  261. 
chemidu,  264. 
chemok,  263. 

chempa,  262. 
chempak,  263, 

chempaka,  262. 
chempana,  262, 
chempedak,  262. 

chempelek,  263. 

chempelong,  263, 
chempera,  263. 
chemperai,  263. 
chemperdek,  263. 


chemperling,  263. 
chemping,  263. 
chempong,  263. 
chemuchup,  263. 
chemus,  262. 
chemuwas,  263. 
chena,  276. 
chenak,  268. 

chenangau,  264. 
chenangga,  268. 
chenangkas,  268. 
chenchala,  265. 
chenchalok,  265. 

chenchang,  265. 
chenchawan,  265, 
chenchawi,  265. 
chencheng,  265. 
chenchodak,  265. 

chenchurut,  265. 

chendala,  266. 

chendana,  266. 

chendawan,  266. 

chendayam,  266. 

chendera,  266. 

chenderai,  267. 

chenderamuliya,  267. 

chenderasari,  267. 

chenderasuri,  267. 

chenderawangsa,  2G7. 

chenderawangseh,  267. 

chenderawasa,  267. 

chenderawaseh,  267. 

chenderong,  267. 

chenderu,  267. 

chenderiis,  266. 

chendol,  268. 

chendor,  266. 

chenduwai,  268. 

chenela,  268. 
;  cheng,  253. 
I  chengal,  256. 
I  chengang,  253. 
I  chengap,  253. 
I  chengcheng,  253. 
i  chengeng,  275. 
I  chenggeh,  255. 
I  chenggek,  255. 

I  chenggong,  255. 
j  chengi,  256. 
I  chengis,  253. 
j  chengkala,  253. 
;  chengkalak,  253. 

I  chengkam,  255, 
I  chengkang,  254. 
i  chengkarok,  353. 

\  chengkau,  255. 

i   chengkeh,  255. 

^  chengkeh,  255. 

chengkek,  254. 

chengkela,  254. 
chengkelat,  255. 
chengkeleng,  255. 
chengkeHng,  254. 
chengkeng,  254. 
chengkera,  253. 
chengkeram,  253. 
chengkerama,  253. 


chengkeran,  253. 
chengkerek,  253. 

chengkerema,  253. 
chengkereng,  253. 
chengkeret,  253. 
chengki,  255. 
chengkok,  254, 

chengkolong,  255. 
chengkong,  254. 
chengkor,  253. 
chengkurai,  255. 
chengkuwas,  255. 
chengong,  253. 
chenok,  268. 

chenong,  268. 
chenonok,  268. 

chenonot,  268. 
chenoram,  268. 
chentadu,  264. 
chentayu,  264. 
chentong,  264. 
chentum,  264. 
chenuram,  268. 
chepah,  257. 
chepat,  256. 
chepeh,  276. 
chepelok,  236. 
cheper,  276. 
cheperup,  256. 
chepoh,  257. 
chepoh,  276. 
chepok,  256. 

chepu,  256. 
chepuwa,  257. 
cherabah,  249. 
cherachak,  249, 
cherachap,  249. 
cherah,  252, 
cherai,  252. 
cherakin,  249. 
cheramah,  249. 
cherana,  250. 
cheranchang,  251. 
cherang,  250. 
cheranggah,  250. 
cherani,  250. 
cherapong,  249. 
cherar,  250. 
cherat,  250. 
cheratok,  249, 
cherau,  251. 
cherawat,  250. 
cherdek,  250. 

cherebi,  250. 
cherebis,  250. 
cherecha,  250. 
cherechak,  250. 

cherechap,  250. 
cherechup,  250. 
cheredas,  250. 
cheredek,  250. 
cheregas,  251. 
chereh,  252. 
cherek,  273. 
cherelang,  251. 


GHllRiMAI 


[     X     ] 


CHUWIT 


cheremai,  251, 
cheremak,  251. 
cheremat,  251. 
cheremin,  251. 
cherena,  251. 
cherepa,  251. 
cherepoh,  251. 
cherepu,  251. 
cheret,  275. 
cherewet,  252. 
cheri,  252. 
cheri,  275. 
cheridawan,  250. 
cheriga,  252. 
cherit,  250. 
cherita,  252. 
cheritera,  250. 
cheriya,  252. 
chermin,  251. 
cheroboh,  251. 
cherochok,  252. 
cheroh,  252. 
cherok,  251. 
cherong,  250. 
cheronggah,  250. 
cherorot,  252. 
cherotok,  252. 
cherpelai,  251. 
chenibah,  252. 
cheruchup,  252. 
cherup,  251, 
cherut,  250. 
cherutu,  252. 
chetai,  249. 
chetak,  274. 
chetas,  249. 
chetek,  274. 
chetera,  248. 
cheteraya,  249. 
cheteri,  249. 
cheteriya,  249. 
cheti,  249. 
cheti,  275. 
chetok,  275, 
chetus,  249. 
chevve,  277. 
chi,  274. 
chichah,  275. 
chichak,  275. 
chichap,  275. 
chichik,  275. 
chichir,  275. 
chichit,  276. 
chidera,  249. 
chik,  257. 

chika,  276. 
chikar,  276. 
chikil,  276. 
chilawagi,  276. 
chili,  276. 
chilit,  27  6. 
chimchili,  262, 


china,  276. 
chincha,  264. 
chinchang,  265. 
chinchau,  265. 
chinchin,  265, 
chinchu,  265. 
chinda,  266. 
ching,  253. 
chingam,  275. 
chingching,  253, 
chingge,  256. 
chingkek,  254. 

chinna,  264. 
chinta,  264. 
chintamani,  264. 
chintapuri,  264. 
chinteng,  264. 
chipai,  276. 
chipan,  276. 
chipuk,  276. 
chir,  249. 
chiri,  275, 
chirit,  275. 
chis,  252, 
chit,  248. 
chita,  274. 
chitarasa,  248. 
chitta,  248. 
chiak  (chiyak),  276. 
chiu  (chiyu),  277. 
chium  (chiyum),  276. 
chiup'(chiyup),  276. 
chiyak,  276. 

chiyamau,  274. 

chiyap,  276. 

chiyar,  275. 

chiyas,  275. 

chiyau,  277. 

chiyu,  277. 

chiyum,  276. 

chiyup,  276. 

cho,  268. 
\  choba,  269. 
j  chobak,  269. 

choban,  269. 

chobar,  269. 

chobek,  269. 

chobis,  269. 

choche,  270. 

chodak,  270. 

chogan,  272. 

chogo,  272* 

choh,  274. 

chok,  257. 

chokar,  272. 
choket,  272. 
choki,  272. 
choklat,  257. 
chokmar,  257. 
chokok,  272. 
cholak,  273. 
cholang,  273. 


cholat,  273. 
cholek,  273. 

cholet,  273. 
choli,  273. 
cholok,  273, 

cholong,  273, 
choma,  273. 
chombol,  261. 
chomek,  27^, 
chomel,  273. 
chomil,  273. 
chomor,  273. 
chompang,  263. 
chompis,  263. 
chompoh,  263. 
chonderong,  267. 
chondong,  267. 
chonet,  273. 
chongak,  271. 

chonggah,  255. 
chonggang,  255. 
chonggit,  255. 
chongkah,  255. 
chongkak,  254. 
chongkang,  254. 
chongkar,  253. 
chongkelang,  254. 
chongkeng,  254. 
chongok,  271. 

chongpoh,  253. 
chonteng,  264. 
chontoh,  264. 
chop,  256. 
chor,  249, 
chorah,  271. 
chorak,  271. 
choram,  271. 
chorang,  271. 
chorek,  271. 
choreng,  271. 
chorong,  271. 
chorot  271. 
chotek,  269. 
chotet,  269. 
chotok,  269. 

chowek,  272. 

chu,  268. 

chuacha  (chuwacha),  268. 

chuai  (chuwai),  274. 

chuali  (chuwali),  269. 

chuat  (chuwat),  269, 

chuba,  269. 

chuban,  269. 

chubit,  269. 

chucha,  270. 

chuchi,  270. 

chuchoh,  270. 

chuchok,  270. 

chuchong,  270, 

chuchor,  270. 

chuchu,  270. 

chuchunda,  249. 


chuchut,  270. 
chugat,  272. 
chuit  (chuwit),  269, 
chuka,  272. 
chukah,  272. 
chukai,  272. 
chuki,  272. 
chukin,  272. 
chukor,  272. 
chuku,  272. 
chukup,  272. 
chula,  273. 
chulan,  273, 
chulang,  273. 
chulas,  273. 
chulek,  273. 
chulim,  273. 
chuliya,  273. 
chum,  261. 
chumbu,  261. 
chumpang,  263. 
chumut,  273. 
chun,  264, 
chunam,  274. 
chunda,  273,  266. 
chundang,  267. 
chungap,  271. 
chunggang,  255, 
chunggit,  255. 
chungkil,  254. 
chunting,  264. 
chunya,  274, 
chup,  256. 
chupak,  272. 
chupar,  271. 
chuping,  271. 
chupu,  272. 
chupul,  272. 
chupun,  272. 
chura,  271. 
churah,  271. 
churai,  271. 
churak,  271. 
churam,  271. 
churat,  271. 
churi,  271. 
churong,  271. 
churut,  271. 
chus,  252. 
chut,  248. 
chutam,  269. 
chutap,  269. 
chuti,  269. 
chuwa,  268. 
chuwacha,  268. 
chuwai,  274. 
chuwak,  272. 
chuwai,  272. 
chuwali,  269. 
chuwanda,  273. 
chuwani,  269. 
chu  war,  271. 
chuwat,  269. 
chuwit,  269. 


DABA 


[      xi      ] 


DlgNGEK 


D. 


Daba,  282. 
dabat,  282. 
dabir,  290. 
dabong,  282. 
dabus,  282. 
daching,  283. 
dada,  283. 
dadah,  283. 
dadak,  283. 

dadap,  283. 
dadar,  283. 
dadeh,  283. 
dadok,  283. 

dadong,  283. 
dadu,  283. 
dafnah,  296. 
daftar,  296. 
daga,  286. 
dagan,  286. 
dagang,  286. 
daging,  286. 
dagok,  286. 

dagu,  286. 

dagun,  286. 

dah,  305. 

dahaga  (dehaga),  305, 

dahak,  288. 

daham,  288. 
dahan,  288, 
dahashat,  303. 
dahem,  288. 
dahi,  288. 
dahok,  288. 

dahulu,  305. 
daik,  289. 

daim,  289, 
daiman,  307. 
daing,  289. 
dairah,  289. 
dajjal,  290. 
dak,  296. 

daka,  285. 
da'kai,  285. 
dakap,  285. 
dakar,  285. 
dakhil  290. 
daklk,  297. 

daki,  286. 
daksina,  297. 

daku,  285, 
dai,  286. 
dala,  286. 
dald,  297. 
daldlah,  297. 
dalam,  286. 
dalang,  286. 
daleh,  286. 
dalek,  286. 

dalil",  298. 
dalima,  298. 


dalong,  286. 
dalu,  286. 
dam,  298. 
damai,  287. 
damak,  287. 

damal,  287. 

daman,  287. 

damar,  287. 

damba,  298. 

damdam,  298. 

dampar,  298. 

dampil,  299. 

damping,  298. 

damuh,  287. 

dan,  287. 

dana,  287. 

danau,  287. 
1  danawa,  299. 
I  dandan,  300. 
I  dandang,  299. 
'\  dandi,  300. 

dang,  294. 

dangai,  284. 

dangak,  284: 

dangau,  284. 

dangdang,  295. 

dangkal,  296. 
\  dangkap,  296. 

dangkar,  295. 
i  dangking,  295. 
i  dangok,  284. 

I  dangsar,  295. 
dani,  287. 
danisuwara,  300. 
danor,  287. 
danta,  299. 
dap,  296. 
dapa,  284. 
dapan,  285. 
dapat,  285. 
dapor,  285. 
dar,  283. 
data,  283. 
darah,  284. 
darai,  284. 
darat,  284. 
dardar,  292. 
dargih,  292. 
dari,  291,  284. 
darjah,  291. 
darjat,  291. 
darji,  292. 
dam,  284. 
darwi,  293. 
darwish,  293. 
darya,  293. 
darzi,  292. 
das,  294, 
dasa,  284. 
dasar,  284. 
dasarata,  284,  294. 
dasau,  284. 
dasi,  284. 


dastar,  294, 
dastor,  294. 
;   datang,  282. 
datar,  282. 
dati,  283. 
datiya,  283. 
datok,  283. 

datong,  282. 

datya,  290. 

daud,  287. 
:  daulat,  304. 
I  daun,  288. 

daup,  287. 

daur,  302. 

da'wa,  294, 

dawai,  288. 
;  dawam,  301. 

dawar,  301. 

dawat,  287. 

da'wt,  294. 
I  daya,  288. 
j  dayah,  289. 
i  dayak,  289. 

I  dayang,  289. 
!  dayong,  289, 

dayu,  289. 

dayus,  289. 

dayMh,  308. 

debak,  290. 

debap,  290. 
debar,  289. 
debas,  290. 
debek,  290. 

debok,  290. 

debong,  290. 

debop,  290. 
i  debor,  289. 
;  debu,  290. 
j  debuk,  290. 

debum,  290, 
debup,  290. 
debur,  289. 
debus,  290. 
dechah, 290. 
deching,  290. 
dechit,  290. 
dechor,  290. 
dedah,  291. 
dedai,  291. 
dedak,  291. 

dedalu,  290. 
dedam,  291. 
dedap,  290. 
dedar,  290. 
dedaru,  290. 
dedas,  290. 
dedau,  291. 
degak,  297. 

degam,  297. 
degap,  297. 
degar,  297. 


degil,  297. 
degok,  297. 

degum,  297. 
degup,  297. 
dehaga,  305. 
dehagi,  305. 
deham,  305. 
dehana,  305. 
dehem,  305, 
dehulu,  305. 
dek,  296. 

dek,  297. 
dekah,  297. 
dekak,  297. 

dekam,  297. 

dekan,  297. 

dekap,  297. 

dekar,  306. 

dekat,  297. 

dekong,  297. 

dekunchi,  297. 

dekus,  297. 

deknt,  297. 

delah,  297. 

delaki,  297. 

delapan,  297. 

delima,  298. 

delinggam,  297. 

demah,  299. 

demam,  299. 

demang,  298. 

demap,  298. 

dembai,  298. 

demi,  298,  299. 

demikiyan,  299. 

demit,  298. 

demkian  (demikiyan),  299. 

dempak,  298. 

dempang,  298. 
dempat,  298. 
dempet,  298, 
dempir,  298. 
dempok,  299. 
dempok,  299. 

dempol,  299. 
demukut,  299. 
denah,  307. 
denai,  300. 
denak,  300. 

denching,  299. 
denda,  299. 
dendalu,  299, 
dendam,  300. 
dendan,  300. 
dendang,  300. 
dendang,  299. 
dendeng,  300. 
dengak,  295. 

dengan,  296. 
dengar,  295. 
dengek,  295. 


DiNaKANG 


[     xii     ] 


DZd 


dengkang,  295. 
dengkel,  296. 
dSngki,  296. 
dengkol,  296. 
dengkong,  295. 
dengkor,  295. 
dengok,  295. 

dengong,  295. 
dengu,  296. 
dengus,  295. 
dengut,  295. 
deni,  307. 
dennyut,  301. 
denta,  299. 
dentam,  299. 
denting,  299. 
dentum,  299. 
denu,  307. 
depa,  296. 
depan,  296. 
depang,  296. 
depir,  296. 
depu,  296. 
depun,  296. 
dera,  291. 
derai,  293. 
derak,  292. 

deram,  292. 
derana,  291. 
derang,  292. 
derap,  292. 
deras,  292. 
derau,  293. 
derawa,  291. 
derek,  292, 

derel,  292, 
derelus,  292. 
deremem,  293. 
dereni,  293. 
deret,  305. 
derhaka,  293, 
derham,  293. 
derin,  293. 
dering,  292. 
deris,  292. 
derisip,  294. 
dSrita,  293. 

derji,  292. 
derma,  293. 
dermawan,  293. 
derni,  293, 
derok,  292. 
derong,  292. 
derot,  291. 
deru,  293. 
deruk,  292. 

derum,  292. 
derut,  291. 
desa,  306. 
desah,  294. 


desak,  294. 

desar,  294. 
desau,  294. 
desek,  294. 

desik,  294. 

desing,  294. 
desir,  294. 
desok,  294. 

desor,  294. 
destar,  294. 
desuk,  294. 

desiir,  294. 
j  detas,  290. 
:   detek,  290. 

I  deting,  290. 

I   dewa,  307. 

I   dewadaru,  308. 

dewana,  308. 

dewangga,  302,  308. 

dewani,  308. 

dewasa,   307. 

dewata,  307. 

dewi,  308. 

di,  282,  305. 

dia  (diya),  305. 

diam  (diyam),  306. 

dian  (diyan),  307. 

diang  (diyan g),  306, 

diat  (diyat),  305. 

dibaj,  289. 

dideh,  305. 

didek,  305. 

didi,  305. 
didis,  305, 
difisi,  296. 
dikau,  306. 
dikir,  306. 
dikit,  306. 
dil,  297. 
din,  307. 
dina,  307. 
dinar,  307. 
dinding,  300. 
dingin,  306. 
dingkil,  296. 
dingkis,  295. 
dini,  307. 
dinihari,  300. 
dipati,  296. 
diraja,  291. 
dirawa,  291. 
dirgahayu,  292. 
dirham,  293. 
diri,  305. 
dirus,  305. 
diwal,  307. 
diwin,  308. 
diwani,  308. 
diya,  305. 


diyam,  306. 
diyan,  307. 
diyanat,  305, 
diyang,  306. 
diyat,  305. 
dlad,  435. 
dla'If,  435, 
dlaMlat,  436. 
dlammah,  436. 
dlarab,  435. 
dlarurat,  435. 
dlat,  435. 
dlubuS  435. 
dluha,  435. 

,  do*a,  294. 
j  dobba',  289. 

dobi,  301. 

dodol,  302. 

dodos,  301. 

dodot,  301. 

doga,  303. 

dogang,  303. 

dogel,  303. 

dogeng,  303. 

dogol,  303. 

dob,  305. 

doja,  301. 

dok,  296. 

do'kat,  303. 
dokoh,  303, 
dokok,  303. 

doktor,  296. 
dola,  303. 
dolah,  304. 
dolak,  304. 

dolat,  304. 
domah,  304. 
doman,  304. 
domba,  298. 
domok,  304. 

domol,  304. 
dompat,  298. 
dompak,  299. 
donah,  304. 
dondang,  300. 
dondon,  300. 
dongak,  302. 

dongeng,  302. 
dongkang,  296. 
dongkerak,  295. 

dongkol,  296. 
dongkor,  295. 
dongok,  302. 
doniya,  304. 
dorong,  302. 
dosa,  302* 
dosen,  302. 
doyan,  304, 
dua  (duwa),  301. 


I  du'a,  294. 
;  dubor,  289. 
i  dudok,  301. 

dudor,  301. 
I  dudu,  302. 
j  dudun,  302. 
;  dudus,  301. 
I  duga,  303. 
;  dugal,  303. 
;  duit  (duwit),  301, 
I  duka,  303. 
I  dukan  (dukkan),  297. 
^  dukat,  303. 
!  dukis,  303. 
1  dukkan,  297. 
I  dukong,  303. 
\  duku,  303. 

dukun,  303. 
j  dulang,  304. 
i  dulapan,  297,  303. 
I  duldul,  297. 
I  duli,  304. 
I  dum,  298. 
I  dungu,  303. 

dungun,  302. 

dunya,  300. 

dupa,  303. 

dura,  302. 

durga,  292. 

durhaka,  293. 

duri,  302. 

duriyan,  294. 

duriyas,  294,  302. 

durja,  291. 

durjana,  291. 

dusi,  302. 

dusin,  302. 

dusta,  294. 

dusun,  302. 

duta,  301. 

duwa,  301. 

duwai,  304. 

duwit,  301. 

duyong,  304. 

duyun,  305. 

dzabali,  308. 

dzail,  308. 

dzakar,  308. 

dzal,  308. 

dzalil,  308. 

dzanb,  308. 

dzarrat,  308. 

dzat,  308. 

dzauk,  308. 

dzib,  308. 

dzikir,  308. 

dz6,  308. 


£bam 


[    xiii    ] 


PUWAD 


E. 


Ebam  (bam),  115, 
ebam,  63. 
eban,  63. 
ebang,  2. 
ebek,  63. 

ebeiit^,  63. 
ebom,  63. 
edah,  64. 
edan,  64. 
edap,  7. 
edar,  64. 
effendi,  25. 
egah,  69. 
egeh  (egah),  69. 
egong,  28. 
eh,  62. 
ei  (ai),  63. 
eja,  64. 
ejan,  5. 
ejek,  64. 

ejing  (jing),  223. 

ejit,  64. 

ejong  (jong),  223. 

ejong,  64. 

ekor,  68. 

ela,  69. 

ekih,  6g. 

elak,  6g. 

elang,  31. 
elat,  29. 
elat,  69. 
eleh,  32. 
eling,  69. 
elis,  30. 
elok,  31. 
elok,  69. 
elong,  31. 
elut,  30. 
ema',  33, 
emak,  40. 

emarah,  33. 
emas,  37. 
emat,  37. 
embachang,  ^;^. 
embak,  35. 

embal,  35. 
embalau,  33. 
emban,  35. 
embang,  34. 


embang,  34. 
embarang,  33. 
embarong,  33. 
embaru,  33. 
embas,  34. 
embat,  33. 
embeh,  36. 
embek,  35. 

embek,  35, 

embeng,  34. 
emberak,  34. 

emboh,  36. 
Smbok,  35. 

embolong,  36. 
embong,  34.  ^ 
embrak  (emberak),  34. 
embun,  36, 
embus,  34. 
embut,  33. 
embuwai,  36. 
empama,  37. 
empanda,  39. 
empang,  38, 
empap,  ^S. 
empas,  38. 
empat,  38. 
empedal,  3S, 
empedu,  38. 
empelam,  39. 
empelas,  39. 
empenak,  40. 

emper,  38. 

emping,  38. 

emplam  (empelam),  39. 

emplas  (empelas),  39. 

empoh,  39. 

empok,  38. 

empoyan,  39. 

empii,  39. 

empuan  (empuwan),  39. 

empul,  39. 

empulor,  39. 

em  puny  a,  39. 

empuru,  39. 

empuwan,  39. 

emul,  71. 

enak,  71. 

enal,  50. 
enam,  51. 


enau,  51. 
enchal,  45. 
enchang,  45. 
enche',  45. 
enchek,  45. 

encher,  45. 
enchut,  44. 
endah,  48. 
endak,  47. 

endal,  47. 
endala,  46. 
endap,  47. 
endas,  46. 
endel,  47. 
endelas,  47. 
endok,  47. 

endong,  46. 
endong,  46. 
endul,  47. 
engah,  24. 
engar,  67. 
engeh,  24. 
enggah,  23. 
enggak,  23. 

enggai,  23. 
enggan,  23. 

enggang,  22. 
enggat,  21. 
enggek,  23. 

enggil,  23. 
enggok,  22. 

engkah,  21. 
engkak,  21. 

engkang,  20, 
engkap,  20. 
engkau,  21. 
engkip,  20. 
engku,  21. 
engor,  19. 
engsel,  19. 
engsut,  19, 
engus,  67. 
engut,  19. 
enibong,  51. 
ening,  49. 
enjak,  44. 

enjal,  44. 
enjelai,  44. 
enjenir,  44. 
enjin,  44. 


enjut,  43. 
ennyah,  51. 
ennyak,  51. 

enom,  51. 
enong,  49. 
ensel,  49. 
entah,  42, 
entak,  42. 

entang,  41. 
enteh,  42. 
entek,  42. 

entelas,  42. 
enteng,  41. 
entimun,  43. 
entlas  (entelas),  42. 
enyah,  72. 
epeh,  68, 
epek,  68. 

epok,  68. 

erak,  66. 

eram,  12. 

erang,  66. 

erang,  11. 

erap,  66. 

erat  (rat),  322. 

erau,  66. 

erbab  (rebab),  321. 

erda  (reda),  325. 

erek,  66. 

ereng,  11. 

eret,  66. 

eringan  (ringan),  352. 

eriyas,  13. 

erong,  66. 

eropah,  66. 

ertawan,  9. 

erti,9. 

eru,  12. 

erut,  66. 

esa,  13. 

esak,  (asak),  15. 

esak,  67. 

esang,  15. 
esek,  67. 

esok,  67. 

estu  (setu),  372. 
esut,  66, 
etong,  64. 
ewang,  57. 


Fa,  441. 
fa*al,  441. 
fadluli,  441. 
fajar,  441. 
faham,  442. 
fa'idah,  441. 
fakat,  441. 
fakih,  441. 
fakir,  441. 
fel,  441. 


F. 


falak,  442. 
fan  4',  442. 
fani,  442. 
faradl,  441. 
fariidl,  441. 
faraj,  441. 
farangi,  441. 
farik,  441. 

farsanj,  441. 
farsi,  441. 
farsi,  441. 


fasal,  441. 
fasih.  441. 
fasihat,  441. 
fdsik,  441. 

fathah,  441. 
fdtihah,  441. 
fatwa,  441. 
ft,  442. 
fidlat,  441. 
fikir,  441. 
firisat,  441. 


QA 


[     xiv     ] 


a&LEPEK 


G^  GH. 


ga,  557. 
gabar,  557. 
^abas,  557. 
gabok,  557. 

gabus,  557, 
gada,  557. 
gadah,  558. 
gadai,  558. 
gading,  558. 
gadis,  557- 
gadoh,  558. 
gadok,  558. 

gadong,  558. 
gagah,  559. 
gagak,  559. 

gagang,  559- 
gagap,  559- 
gagau,  559. 
gab,  584. 
gahir,  561. 
gahru  (geharu),  584. 
gaing,  561. 
gajah,  557. 

gaji,  557- 
gajus,  557. 
gal  568. 
gala,  559. 
galah,  560. 
galak,  560. 

galang,  559. 
galas,  559. 
galek,  560. 

galgal  (gal),  568. 
gaii,  560. 
galir,  559- 
galoh,  560. 
galor,  559, 
gam,  573. 
gamak,  560, 

gamam,  560. 
gamat,  560. 
gambang,  574. 
gambar,  574. 
gambir,  574. 
gamboh,  574. 
gamelan,  560. 
gamgam,  575. 
gamis,  .560. 
gamit,  560. 
gamoh,  560. 
gampong,  575. 
gampoh,  575. 
gan,  576. 
gana,  560. 
ganap,  561, 
ganas,  560. 
ganchang,  578. 
ganchu,  378. 
ganda,  578. 
gandai,  580. 
gandam,  579. 


gandan,  579. 
gandar,  578. 
gandariya,  579. 
gandarnkam,  579. 
gandarusa,  579. 
gandasuli,  579. 
gandawari,  579. 
gandapura,  579. 
gandek,  579. 

gandewa,  580. 
gandi,  580. 
gandin,  579. 
gandir,  578. 
gandis,  579. 
gandom,  579. 
gandong,  579. 
gandu,  579. 
gang,  567. 
gangga,  567. 
ganggang,  567. 
gangsa,  567. 
gangsi,  567. 
ganggu,  568. 
ganggut,  567. 
gani,  561. 
ganir,  560. 
ganja,  577, 
ganjak,  578. 

ganjal,  578. 

ganjapuri,  578. 

ganjar,  577. 

ganjat,  577. 

ganjil,  578. 

gansang,  580. 

ganta,  576. 

gantang,  576. 

ganti,  577. 

gantong,  576. 
I  ganyah,  561. 
I   ganyut,  561. 

gap,  568. 

gapah,  559. 

gapil,  559- 
gapura,  568. 

gara,  558. 
garak,  558. 

garam,  558. 
garang,  558. 
garau,  558. 
garfu,  564. 
gari,  559- 
garing,  558. 
garis,  558. 
garok,  558. 
gam,  558. 
gariit,  558. 
gas,  567. 
gasak,  559* 

gasal,  559- 
gasang,  559. 
gasing,  559. 


gat,  561, 
gatal,  557. 
gaul,  561. 
ganng,  561. 
gawa,  561. 
gawai,  561. 
gawang,  561. 
gawar,  561. 
gaya,  561. 
gayam,  561. 
gayang,  561. 
gayat,  561. 
gay  ail,  561. 
gayong,  561. 
gayun,  561. 
gayut,  561. 
gaz,  567. 
gebang,  584. 
gebar,  561. 
gebeng,  584. 
gebermen,  561. 
gebernador,  561. 
gebernor,  561. 
gebu,  561. 
gechar,  562. 
geda,  562. 
gedabah,  562. 
gedabir,  562. 
gedang,  562. 
gedebong,  562. 
gedebuk,  562. 

gedegap,  562. 
gedembai,  563. 
gedemi,  563. 
gedi,  563. 
gedik,  562. 

gedok,  562. 
gedombak,  562. 
gedombang,  562. 
gedong,  562. 
gedongkeng,  562. 
gedu,  563. 
gediibang,  562. 
gedubil,  563. 
geduk,  562. 
gedumbai,  563. 
gegai,  568. 
gegak,  568. 

gegala,  568. 
gegaman,  568. 
gegap,  568. 
gegar,  568. 
gegas,  568. 
gegasing,  568. 
gegat,  568. 
gegawar,  568. 
geger,  585. 
gegerit,  568, 
gegetang,  568. 
gegetar,  568. 
gehara,  584. 


gehari,  584. 
geharu,  584. 
gelabir,  569. 
gelabor,  569. 
geladak,  569. 

geladir,  569. 
gelagah,  569. 
gelak,  570, 
gelakak,  569. 

gelam,  571. 
gelama,  569. 
gelambir,  571. 
gelana,  569. 
gelang,  570. 
gelanggang,  570. 
gelantong,  571. 
gelap,  570. 
gelar,  569. 
gelas,  570. 
gelasak,  569. 

gelasar,  569. 
gelatek,  569. 

gelatok,  569. 

gelebak,  569. 

gelebap,  569. 
!  gelebar,  573. 
I   gelebok,  569. 

i  gelecha,  569. 

i  geledang,  569. 

I  geleding,  569. 

i  geledoh,  569. 

I  geledor,  569. 

j  gelegak,  571. 

gelegam,  571. 

gelegar,  571. 

gelegata,  571. 

gelegatu  (gelegata),  571. 

gelegut,  571. 

gelebok  (gelohok),  572. 

;  gelek,  586. 
\  gelekak,  571. 

gelema,  571. 
geleman,  571. 
gelemat,  571* 
;  gelembang  (gelembong), 

571- 
i  gelembing  (gelembong), 

i  571- 

j  gelembong,  571. 

I  gelembor,  571. 

gelempang,  571. 

g^lempok,  571. 

gelempong,  571. 
gelenggang,  570. 
gel^nnyar,  572. 
gelentang,  571. 
gelentar,  571. 
gelepar,  570. 
gelepek,  573. 


aiLfipoNQ 


[      XV      ] 


GiRUBONG 


gelepong,  570. 
geler,  583. 
gelesat,  570. 
geleser,  573. 
geletar,  569. 
geletek,  573. 
geletek,  569. 
geleting,  569. 

geli,  572. 
gelibar,  573. 
geliga,  573. 
gehgin,  573. 
geligis,  573. 
geligit,  573. 
gelimbir,  571. 
gelimit,  573. 
gelinang,  573. 
gelinchir,  571. 
gelinchoh,  572. 
gelindong,  572. 
geling,  570. 
gelinggam,  570. 
gelingsir,  570. 
gelintar,  571. 
gelip,  570, 
gelisah,  573. 
gelisai,  573- 
gelisek,  573. 

gelit,  569- 
gelita,  573- 
geliyang,  573. 
geliyat,  573- 
geliyong,  573. 
geliyut,  573- 
gelobok,  57^* 
gelodar,  572. 
gelogok,  572. 

geloh,  572. 
gelohok,  572. 

gelojoh,  572. 
gelok,  570. 
gelomang,  572. 
gelombang,  571. 
gelomor,  572. 
geloneng,  572. 
gelong,  570. 
gelongsong,  570. 
gelongsor,  570, 
gelonsong,  572. 
gelonsor,  572. 
gelopak,  572, 

gelora,  572. 
gelorah  (gelora),  572, 
gelosok,  572. 
gelosor,  572. 
gelotak,  572, 
geluga,  572. 
gelugor,  572. 
gelugut,  572. 
gelukap,  572. 
gelulor,  572. 
gelumat,  572. 
gelumor,  572. 
gelup,  570. 
gelupar,  572. 
gelupas,  572. 
gelupor,  572, 


gelurat  (gelora),  572. 
gelut,  569. 
gema,  573. 
gemak,  575. 

gemal,  575. 
gemala,  573. 
gemalai,  573. 
geman,  576. 
gemang,  575. 
gemang,  586. 
gemap,  575. 
gemar,  574. 
gemas,  575. 
gemaung,  573. 
gembak,  574. 

gembal,  574. 
gembala,  573. 
gembar,  574. 
gembereng,  574. 
gembira,  574. 
gembok,  574. 

gembol,  574. 
gembong,  574. 
gembor,  574. 
gembut,  574. 
gemelai,  576. 
gemelan,  576. 
gemelatok,  575. 
gemelegut,  576. 
gemeletak,  575. 

gemeletap,  575- 
gemeletok,  576. 

gemelugut,  576. 
gementam,  576. 
gementar,  576. 
gemerechak,  574. 

gemerechek,  574. 

gemerelap,  575- 
gemerenchang,  575. 
gemerenchek,  575. 

gemerencheng,  575. 
gemerenchong,  575. 
gemeresek,  574. 

gemeretak,  574. 

gemeretap,  574. 
gemeretup,  574. 
gemerlap,  575. 
gemerotok,  575. 

gemestu,  575. 
gemetar,  574, 
gemi,  576. 
gemilang,  576. 
gemilap,  576, 
gemok,  575. 
gempa,  575- 
gempal,  575- 
gempar,  575. 
gempita,  575. 
gemuroh,  576. 
genalu,  576. 
genang,  586. 
genap,  580. 
genchel,  578. 
genchok,  578. 
gendaga,  578. 
gendala,  578, 


gendang,  579. 
gendap,  579. 
gender,  578. 
genderang,  578. 
gendi,  580. 
gendis,  579. 
gendit,  578. 
gendong,  579, 
gendul,  579. 
gendut,  578, 
geneh,  580. 
genggam,  568. 
genggang,  567. 
genggayang,  567. 
genggeng,  567. 
genggong,  567. 
gem,  580. 
genis,  580. 
geniteri,  580. 
geniyok,  580. 
genjang,  577. 
genjor,  577. 
genjut,  577. 
genta,  576. 
gentala,  576. 
gentar,  576. 
gentas,  576. 
gentat,  576. 
gentel,  577. 
genteng,  577. 
genting,  577. 
gentong,  577. 
genuwang,  580. 
genyut,  586. 
gepoh,  568. 
gepok,  568. 

gera,  563. 
gerabang,  563. 
gerachang,  563. 
geragas,  563. 
geragau,  563, 
gerah,  566. 
geraham,  563. 
gerai,  566. 
gerak,  564. 

geram,565. 
geramsut,  565. 
gerang,  584. 
gerang,  564. 
gerangan,  563. 
gerangau,  563. 
gerapai,  563. 
gerapak,  563. 

gerat,  563. 
gerau,  566. 
gerayang,  563. 
gerda,  564. 
gerdi,  564. 
gerebak,  564. 

gerebang,  563. 
gerebong,  563. 
geredak,  564. 

geredam,  564. 
geredas,  564. 
geredok,  564. 

geredum,  364. 
geregak,  565. 
geregas  (geragas),  563. 


geregau,  563. 

geregok  (geregak),  565. 

gerehak,  566. 

gereham,  566. 
gereja,  566. 
gerek,  584. 

gerelap,  565. 
gereling,  565. 
geremang,  565. 
geremit,  565, 
gerempagi,  565. 
geremut,  565. 
gerenchang,  565. 
gerendeng,  566, 
gereneh,  567. 
gerenek,  567. 

gerengau,  564. 
gerengseng,  564. 
gerentam,  565. 
gerentang,  565. 
gerennyau,  566. 
gerennyeng,  566. 
gerepoh,  564. 
geresah,  566, 
geresek,  564. 
geresik,  564. 
geretak,  564. 
geretam,  564. 
geretek,  564. 

geretok,  564. 

gergahayu,  565. 
gergaji,  565. 
gergasi,  365. 
gerham,  566. 
gerhana,  566. 
geri,  566. 
gerichau,  566. 
gerigek,  566. 
gerigi,  567. 
gerigis,  566. 
gerim,  565. 
gerinda,  565. 
gerindam,  366, 
gering,  564. 
gerinjam,  565. 
gerising,  566. 
gent,  563- 
geriyak,  566. 

geriyang,  566. 
gerobok,  566. 

geroda,  566. 
gerodak,  566. 

gerodi,  566. 
gerogoh,  566. 
geroh,  566. 
gerok,  565. 

geronchong,  565. 
gerondong,  566. 
gerong,  564. 
geronggang,  564. 
geronggong,  564, 
geronyot,  566. 
gerop,  564. 
geropoh,  566. 
geru,  566. 
gerubong,  566. 


tt 


g£rudi 


^■f  Yir.^nnat^rfi  I  ■i»-iiyBfftrnTii«iii.ri^---ITyriii>imiaw^  -.1.11  ,  mftVhi 


[    xvi    ] 


HAJIB 


gerudi,  566. 
geraguh,  566. 
gerugul,  566. 
geriin,  565. 
geruning,  566. 
gerup,  564. 
gerus,  564. 
gerut,  563. 
gerutu,  566. 
gerutup,  566. 
geruwit,  566. 
gesak,  567. 

gesek,  585. 

gesel,  585. 
geta,  561. 
getah,  562. 
getam,  562. 
getang,  562. 
getar,  561. 
getek,  584. 

geti,  562. 
getil,  562. 
getu,  562. 
gewang,  586. 
ghafflr,  439. 
ghatb,  439. 
ghain,  439. 
ghair,  439. 
ghairat,  439. 
ghalat,  439. 
ghali,  439- 
ghalib,  439- 
ghaliyas,  439. 
ghdni,  439. 
gharib,  439. 
ghasal,  439, 
ghilat,  439. 
ghubiir,  439. 
ghulam,  439. 
ghnluf,  439. 
ghurab,  439, 

gh  584- 
gibas,  584. 

gigi,  585- 
gigir.  585- 
gigit,  585. 
gila,  585. 
gilang,  586. 
gilap,  586. 
gilau,  586. 
giling,  586. 
gilir,  585. 


gilis,  586, 
ginchah,  578. 
ginjal,  578. 
ginjat,  577. 
gintil,  577. 
girap,  584.' 
giras,  584. 
girek,  584. 

giri/584- 
giring,  584. 
gisar,  584. 

gisi,  585- 
gisir,  584. 
git,  561. 
giwah,  586. 
giyam,  586. 
giyan,  586. 
giyang,  585. 
giyap,  585. 
giyau,  586. 
giyok,  585. 

giyong,  585. 
glak  (gelak),  570. 

glam  (gelam),  571. 
glang,  (gelang),  570. 
glap  (gelap),  570. 
goa  (goha),  583. 
gobak,  580. 

gobang,  580. 
gobar,  580. 
gobek,  580. 

gochoh,  581. 
goda,  581. 
godak,  581. 

godam,  581. 
godok,  581. 

j  gogaii,  582. 

I  gogoh,  582. 

i  gogol,  582. 

J  goha,  583. 

I  golak,  582. 

I  golang,  582. 
I  golek,  582. 

j  golok,  583. 

golot,  582. 
;   gomba,  573. 
;  gombak,  574. 

gombal,  574. 
gombala,  573. 
gombang,  574. 


gombok,  574. 

gomeng,  583. 
gomol,  583. 
gonchang,  578. 
gondah,  580. 
gondang,  579, 
gondek,  579. 
gondok,  579. 

gondoi,  579. 
gondong,  579, 
gong,  567. 
gonggong,  567. 
goni,  583. 
gonjak,  578. 

I  gonjang,  577. 
\  gonjong,  578. 
i  gonyeh,  584. 

gonyoh,  584. 

gopoh, 582. 

gorah,  587. 

gorap,  581. 

goreng,  581, 

goris,  581. 

gornador,  565. 

gosok,  582, 

gotis,'  581. 
gotok,  581. 

gowa,  583. 
goyang,  584. 
grai  (gerai),  566. 
grak  (gerak),  564. 

greja  (gereja),  566. 
gring  (gering),  564. 
gu,  580. 

giia  (goha),  583. 
gubah,  580. 
gubak,  580. 
giibal,  580. 
gubang,  580. 
gubernador,  580. 
gubernor,  580. 
guchi,  581. 
gudang,  581. 
gudu,  581. 
gugor,  582. 
gugup,  582. 
giigus,  582. 
gul,  568. 
gula,  582. 
gulai,  583. 


gulana,  582,  569. 
guliga,  573. 
guling,  582. 
gulita,  573. 
gulong,     . 
gulu,  583. 
gulumayar,  571. 
gum,  573. 
gumbar,  574, 
gumis,  583. 
gumpal,  575. 
gumpita,  575. 
gumpong,  575. 
gun,  576. 
guna,  583. 
gunam,  583, 
gunapa,  576. 
gunawan,  576,  583. 
gunchi,  578. 
gundek,  579. 

gundu,  579. 
gundul,  579. 
gunggong,  567, 
guni,  583. 
gunjai,  578. 
gunong,  583. 
guntak,  577. 
guntang,  577. 
gunting,  577. 
guntong,  577. 
guntor,  576. 
gup,  568. 
gurah,  581. 
guram,  581. 
gurau,  581. 
gurdi,  564. 
gurg,  565. 
gun,  581. 
guroh,  581. 
guru,  581. 
gurun,  581. 
gus,  567. 
gusar,  581. 
gusi,  582. 
gusong,  582. 
gusti,  567. 
gustum,  567. 
guwa,  580. 
guwam,  583. 
guwit,  580. 
guyu,  584. 


H. 


Ha,  680. 

ha,  277. 

haba,  680. 

habat,  680. 

habelor,  684,  680. 

habib,  278. 

kbil,  681. 

habis,  680. 

hablor  (habelor),  680. 


habok,  680. 

habshi,  278,  684. 
habu,  680. 
habus  (abus),  i. 
hachum  (achum),  682, 
hadap,  682. 
hadar  (hadr),  684. 
hadith,  278. 
Mdith,  277. 


hadiyah,  684. 
hddlir,  277, 
hadlrat,  279. 
hadr,  684. 
hafitl,  277. 
hai,  280. 
hai,  694. 
haibdn,  694. 
haibat,  694» 


haidl,  280. 
hairin,  280. 
haiwdn,  280. 
haiwinl,  280. 
hajar,  278. 
IMJat,  277. 
hajat,  682. 
Mji,  277. 
hijib,  277, 


HAJIM 


[     xvii     ] 


HIS 


Mjim,  277. 
hajj,  278. 
hajrat,  684. 
hak,  686. 
hakikat,  279. 

hakim,  279. 
hakim,  277. 
hakk,  279. 
hai,  278. 
halai,  683, 
halal,  279. 
halaman,  686. 
hulamang,  686. 
halau,  683. 
halba,  686. 
halban,  686. 
haleban,  686. 
haleja,  687. 
haliliiitar,  687. 
halimun,  687, 
halintah,  687. 
halintar,  687. 
halipan,  687. 
halir  (aUr),  30. 
halit,  683. 
haliya,  687. 
halkah,  686, 
halkat,  279. 
halkum,  686. 
haloba,  687. 
halor  (alor),  30. 
hahi  (haluwan),  687. 
halun,  683. 
halus,  683. 
haluwan,  687. 
halwa,  687. 
halvva,  279. 
halwan,  279. 
ham,  687. 
hama,  683. 
hamak,  684. 

hamba,  687. 
hambal,  688. 
hambar,  688. 
hambat,  688. 
hambong,  688. 
hambor,  688. 
hamd,  279. 
hamid,  279. 
hamik,  276. 

Mmil,  278. 
hamis,  684. 
liammam,  279. 
hampa,  688. 
hampar,  688. 
hampas,  689. 
hampir,  689. 
hampong  (ampong),  38. 
hampus,  68g. 
hamput  (am put),  37. 
hamun,  684. 
hamzah,  688. 
hanafi,  279. 
hanchai,  691. 
hanching,  691. 
hanchor,  690. 
handai,  691. 
handal,  691. 


handoman,  691. 
hang,  686. 
hangat,  683. 
hangit,  683. 
hanggok  (anggok),  22. 

hangus,  683. 
hanoman,  691. 
hantap,  690. 
hantar,  689. 
hanti,  690. 
banting,  689. 
hantu,  690. 
hanya,  684. 
hanyir,  684. 
hanyut,  684. 
hap,  686. 
hapak,  683. 

hapai  (halitl),  277. 
hapek,  683, 

hapit',  683. 
hapsel,  686. 
hapus,  683. 
hara,  682. 
haraf,  278. 
haram,  278. 
haram  (haram),  278. 
harang,  682. 
harap,  682. 
hararat,  278. 
haras  (aras),  9. 
haras,  277. 
harbab,  685. 
harelong,  685. 
harga,  685. 
hari,  683. 
harimau,  685. 
harip,  682. 
haris,  682. 
harith,  277. 
harkal,  685. 
harok  (haru),  682. 
harong,  682. 
harr,  277. 
harta,  685. 
hartal,  685. 
haru,  682. 
harum,  682. 
harus,  682. 
haruwan,  685. 
hasad,  278. 
hasarat,  278. 
Msha,  277. 
hasharit,  278. 
hashim,  683. 
hasid,  277. 
hasil,  277. 
hasta,  686, 
has6d,  278. 
hasut  (asut),  13. 
hat,  684, 
hatam,  681. 
hatap  (atap),  2. 
hati,  681. 
hatta,  278. 
hatur  (atur),  2. 
haudl,  280. 
haus,  684. 
hausalat,  279. 


!  hawd,  691. 

hawa,  684. 
I  hawadith,  279. 
I  hawalat,  279. 
I  hawar,  684. 
!  hawari,  279. 
i  hawwar,  279, 

haya,  684. 

hayak,  684. 

hayam  (ayam),  70. 
I  hayat,  280. 
\  hayat,  684. 

hayun  (ayun),  71. 

he,  694. 

heban,  694. 

heja,  694. 

hela,  696. 

helah,  696. 

helai,  687. 

heiang,  686. 

helat,  696. 

helat,  686. 

hem,  687. 

heman,  696. 

hembachang,  688. 

hembalang,  688. 

hembalau,  688. 

hembat,  688. 

hembus,  688. 

hempa,  688. 

hempas,  689, 

hempedal,  688. 

hempedu,  688. 

hempelam,  J689. 

hempelas,  689. 

hempit,  688. 

hempulor,  689. 

hemul,  696. 

henchot  (inchut),  45. 

hendak,  691. 

hendayong,  691. 

hendel,  691. 

heng,  686. 

hangar,  696. 

hening,  691. 

henjal  (enjal),  44. 

hennyak,  691. 

hentak  (entak),  42. 

hentam,  690. 
hentek,  690. 

henti,  690. 
hentimun,  690. 
heram,  685. 
heran,  695. 
herang,  695. 
herap,  695. 
herat,  685. 
herau,  695. 
herbab,  685. 
herbata,  685, 
herdek,  685, 
herek,'685. 

hereng,  685. 
heret  (eret),  66. 
herga,  685. 
herkula,  685. 
herot,  695. 
herta,  685. 


hertawan,  685. 

herut,  695. 

hesta,  686. 

beta,  694. 

hetong,  694. 

bias  (hiyas),  696. 
I  hiba,  694. 

hibah,  694. 

hiboh,  694. 
I  hibor,  694. 
I  hidam,  695. 
I  hidang,  694. 
I   hidayah,  684. 
i   hidong,  695. 
;   hidop,  695. 
I   hidu,  695. 
I  higa,  696. 
i  higau,  696. 
I  hija',  684. 
I  hijab,  278. 

hijau,  694. 

hijjah,  278. 

iiijrat,  684. 
\  hikayat,  279. 
I   hikmat,  279. 

himat,  696. 

himbas  (imbas),  34. 

himbau,  688. 

himmat,  688. 

himpit,  688. 

himpun,  68g. 

hilai,  696. 

hilam,  696, 

hilang,  696. 

hilap,  696. 

hilat,  280. 

hilat,  696. 

hilau,  696. 

hilir,  696. 

hina,  696. 

hinai,  696. 

hinchit,  690. 

hinchut  (inchut),  45. 

hindek,  691. 

hindi,  691. 
hindiya,  691. 
hindu,  691. 
hindustin,  691. 
hingar,  696. 
hingga,  686. 
hinggap,  686. 
hinggu,  686. 
hinggut,  686. 
hingus,  696. 
hinjit,  690. 
hinnd,  279. 
hintai,  690. 
hintip,  690. 
hira,  695. 
hiram  (iram),  66. 
hirap,  695. 
hirau,  695. 
hirek,  695. 

hiri,  695. 
hiris,  695. 
hirok,  695. 
hiru,  695. 
hirup,  693. 
his,  686. 


hisAb 


[     xviii     ] 


INGGU 


hisab,  278. 
hisap,  696. 
hit,  684. 
hitam,  694. 
hitong,  694, 
hiyang,  696. 
hiyaSj  696, 
hiyu,  696. 
hoe,  694. 
hogoh,  693. 
hok,  686. 
hokiyari,  693. 
holanda,  687,  693, 
homa,  693. 
homam,  693. 
honar,  693. 
hong,  686. 
hongkong,  686. 
hoyong,  694. 
hu,  680. 


hubaya,  684. 
hubbah,  278. 
hubong,  691. 
hubflb,  684. 
hudai,  693. 
hudam,  693. 
hiidang,  692. 
hudar,  692. 
hudhud,  684. 
hudoh,  693. 
hui,  694. 
hujah,  692. 
hiijan,  692. 
hujat,  692. 
hujjat,  278. 
hujong,  692. 
hukah,  279. 

hukama,  279. 
hukor,  693. 


hukum,  279. 
hukup  (ukup),  58. 
hulam,  693. 
hulat,  693. 
huli,  693. 
hulk6m,  279. 

hulor,  693. 
hulu,  693. 
hulubalang,  686. 
hulubangsa,  686. 
hum,  687. 
huma,  693. 
human,  693. 
humban,  688. 
humbas  (umbas),  34. 
humm,  687. 
hun,  689. 
huna,  693. 
hunjam,  690. 
hunjap  (injap),  44. 


hunjor,  690. 

huntang  (banting),  689. 

hunus,  693. 

hurai,  693. 

hurip,  693. 

hurmat,  278. 

hurmuz,  685. 

hurmuzi,  685. 

hurong,  693. 

huru,  693. 

hur6f,  278. 

hurup,  693. 

hurus,  693. 

hurut,  693. 

hutan,  692. 

hutang,  692. 

huwa,  691. 

huwap,  693. 

huwet,  692. 

huyong,  694. 


I, 'I. 


la  (iya),  63. 
iang  (yang),  697. 
iau  (iyau),  72. 
iba,  63. 
ib4',  I. 
*ibad,  437. 
*ibadat,  437. 
ibar,  63, 
*ibdrat,  437. 
ibau,  63. 
iblis,  2. 
ibn,  2, 
ibni  (ibn),  2. 
ibor,  63, 
Ibrahim,  i. 
ibtidd,  I. 
ibu,  63. 
ibul,  63. 
ibus,  63. 
i*d4d,  18. 
idam,  64. 
idap,  64. 
idar,  64. 
idlUfat,  18. 
idlMl,  18. 
idlbUt,  18. 

idlrdb,  18. 
idltirdr,  18. 

idong,  64. 
idris,  7. 
i'dz^r,  18. 
idzin,  9. 
idzk&r,  g. 
i*f4f,  18. 
*ifrlt,  438. 
iftirSs,  24. 
iftitah,  24. 
iga,  69. 
igal,  69. 
igama,  28. 
igau,  69. 


ighashiyyat,  18. 
ighathat,  18. 
igu,  69. 
ihatah,  6. 

ihmal,  93. 

ihram,  6. 

ihs^n,  6. 

ihtiar  (ikhtiydr),  6. 

ihtikdr,  6. 

ihtimal,  6. 

ihtisib,  6. 

ihtisham,  6. 

ihyH',  6. 

ijab,  4. 

ij§.bat,  4. 

ijad,  4. 

ijddat,  4. 

ijSrah,  4. 

ijfis,  4. 

ijau,  64. 
ijazah,  4. 
ijbdr,  4. 
ijin,  64. 
ijmaS  5. 
ijmal,  5. 
ijma^fina,  5. 
ijok,  64. 

ijtihdd,  4. 
ikal,  69. 
ikamat,  27. 

ikan,  69. 
ikat,  68. 
ikhadzat,  6. 
ikhbir,  6. 
ikhft',  7. 
ikhias,  7, 

ikhtiar  (ikhtiyar),  6. 
ikhtildf,  6. 
ikhtilis,  6. 

ikhtisir,  6. 


ikhtiyar 
iklab, 

iklim, 
iknaS 


ikhtisas,  6. 

r,  6. 

.,  27. 
I,  27. 
lS  27. 
ikntln,  27. 

ikram,  27. 
ikrar,  27. 

iktibas,  27. 

iktifa,  27. 
ikut,  68. 
ila,  33. 
ilah,  29. 
ildhat,  29. 
ilaht,  32. 
ilahiyyat,  32. 
ilahumma,  32. 
ilai,  69. 
ilam,  69. 
ilang,  69. 
ilanun,  29. 
;ilat,  438. 
ilau,  69. 
ilham,  32. 
ilir,  69. 
41mu,  438. 
iltimA*,  30, 
imdlat,  33. 
im4m,  33. 
imimat,  33. 
tman,  70. 
imirat,  33. 
imat,  71. 
imdtah,  33, 
imbal,  35. 
imbang,  34. 
imbas,  34. 
imboh,  36. 


imhan,  40. 
imkan,  40. 
imla',  40. 
impit,  38. 
imtihdn,  37. 
imtithal,  37. 
inai,  71. 
in*dm,  49. 
inang,  71. 
inangda,  71. 
inas,  71. 
*inayat,  439. 
inchang,  45. 
inchar,  45. 
inche'  (enche'),  45. 
inchi,  46. 
inchil,  45. 
inchit,  44. 
inchut,  45. 
*inda,  439. 
indang,  47. 
indar,  46. 
indek,  47. 

indera,  46. 
inding,  47. 
indok,  47. 

indong,  47. 
indra  (indera),  46. 
indu,  48. 
ing,  19. 
;  inga,  67. 
ingar,  67. 
ingat,  67. 
ingau,  67. 
ingga,  21. 
mggelan,  23. 
inggeris,  22. 
inggih,  23. 
inggrek  (anggerek),  22. 

inggris  (inggeris),  22. 
inggu,  23. 


INGIN 


[     xix     J 


JAMBAN 


ingin,  67. 
ingka,  19. 
ingkar,  20. 
ingsang,  19. 
ingsun,  19. 
ingu,  68. 
ingus,  67. 
ini,  71. 
jnikan,  51. 
inin,  71. 
inja,  43. 
injap,  44. 
injeh,  44. 
injil,  44. 
inkar,  50. 
inkar,  50. 
inkir,  50. 
inkiyad,  50. 
ins4f,  49, 

insin,  49. 
insang,  49, 
insani,  49. 
insha,  49. 
intai,  43. 
intan,  42. 
inti,  42. 
intiM,  42. 
intip,  41. 
intis^b,  41. 
intishar,  41. 
inu,  71. 
inulangan,  51. 
iong  (iyong),  67. 
ipar,  68. 
ipil,  68. 
ipoh,  68. 
ipong,  68. 
ira,  65. 
i^rab,  18. 
iradat,  9. 


irain,  66. 

ii'ama,  9,  65. 

irap,  66. 

iras,  66. 
I  irau,  66, 
I  irek,  66. 
i  iri,  66. 

iring,  66. 

iris,  66. 
I  irsal,  10. 
I  irth,  9. 

irup,  66. 

is,  13. 

;isa,  439. 

isahak  (ishak),  15. 
.  isak,  67. 

'  isang,  66. 
isap,  67. 
i'sar,  18. 

i   4shA,  438. 
\  isha'ar,  17, 
I  ishahada,  17. 
I  isMk,  15. 

i  isMrat,  17. 

%hk,  438. 

ishmam,  17. 

ishrak,  17. 

ishrak,  17. 

ishtighal,  17. 
:  isi,  67. 
I  isin,  67. 
I  iskandar,  15. 
i  iskandariyyah,  16. 

iskolah,  16. 

islam,  16. 

islami,  16. 

ism,  16. 
I   isn^n  (ithnain),  4, 


ispanyol,  15. 
israf,  15. 
isrir,  15. 
istambiil,  15. 

istana,  13. 

istanggi,  14. 

isteri,  14, 

isti*Mat,  14. 
i   isti'adzat,  14. 
I  isti'Anat,  14. 

isti*4rat,  14. 
:   istibahat,  13. 

istibrc^,  13. 

istibrak,  13. 

isti^daci.  14. 

istifadlat,  14. 

i'tifham,  14. 
'  istighfar,  14. 
;    istighrak,  14. 

\    istihlaf,  14. 
istihlal,  15. 
istijabat,  13. 
istikamah,  14, 

istikharat,  14. 

istikhlaf,  14. 
i  istikrar,  14, 
!   isti'la,  14. 
\   istilam,  14. 
I   isti'mal,  14, 
;   istimewa,  14. 
j  istina,  15. 
I  istinggar,  14. 

istinja',  15. 
;  istirahat,  14. 
I  istislam,  14. 
\  istita'at,  14. 

j   istitalat,  14. 
j   istithna,  13. 


I  istitlahir,  14. 

;  istiwA',  15. 
istori  (setori), 
istri  (isteri),  14. 
itahur,  18. 

I  itam,  64. 
!  itb^b,  3. 
I  itb^k,  18. 

itek,  64. 

ithbat,  4. 

ithnain,  4. 

i'tibar,  18. 

i'tidi'il,  18, 

i'tikad,  18. 
;  i^tikAf;  18. 
\  i*timad,  18, 

i*ti3^ad,  18. 
I  i^tiz^l,  18. 
I  i*tlak,  18. 
!  itihar,  18, 
!  itong,  64. 
;  ittifak,  3. 

i   ittihad,  3. 
'   ittisaf,  3. 

ittisal,  3. 

itu,  64. 
ill  (iyu),  72. 
iya,  63. 
iyang,  67. 
iyau,  72. 
iyong,  67. 
:   iyu,  72. 
izalat,  13. 
4zra'il,  437. 
'izzat,  438. 


J. 


Jabal,  219. 
jabat,  212. 
jabbar,  219. 
jabor,  212. 
jabr,  219. 
jabra'il,  219. 
jabu,  212. 
jada,  213. 
jadam,  213. 
jadi,  213. 
jadid,  220. 
jadwal,  220. 
jaga,  215. 
jagat,  215. 
jago,  216. 
jagong,  215. 
jagor,  215. 
jaguni,  227. 
jagut,  215. 
jah,  239. 


jah,  218. 
jahad,  219. 
jahilah,  239. 
jahan, 239. 
jahan, 218. 
jahang,  218. 
jaharii,  239. 
jahat,  218. 
jahi,  213. 
jahi,  218. 
jAhil,  218. 
jahiliyyah,  218. 
jahim,  219. 
jahit,  218. 
jahiz,  240. 
jahtera,  240. 
jahudi,  240. 
jAir,  219. 
jait  (jahit),  218 
j^iz,  219. 
jaja,  212. 


jajah,  213. 
jajahan,  219. 
jajar,  213. 
jajas,  213. 
jajat,  213. 
jaka,  215. 
jakas,  215. 
jakeni,  227. 
jaksa,  227. 
jakun,  215. 
jala,  216. 
jalai,  217. 
jalak,  216. 

jalal,  228. 
jalalah,  228. 
jalan,  216. 
jalang,  216. 
jalar,  216. 
jali,  229. 
jali,  217. 


jalil,  229. 

jalin,  216. 
;  jaling,  216. 
i  jalinus,  217. 
:  jMis,  216. 
j  jalla,  227. 
I  jallad,  227. 
j  jalor,  216. 
I  jalu,  217. 
!  jam,  230. 

j^ma^  217, 
I  jam^da,  230. 
;  jamah,  217. 

jam^l,  230. 

jamali,  230. 

jaman,  217. 
;  jamang,  217. 

jamar,  217. 
i  jambak,  230. 

i  jamban,  230. 


JAMBANQ 


[       XX       ] 


jIibSba 


jambang,  230. 
jam  bar,  230. 
jambat,  230. 
jambiyah,  231. 
jambu,  230. 
jambul,  230. 
jambuwa,  230. 
jami',  217. 
jamil,  232. 
jamin,  217. 
jamjam,  231. 
jamong,  217. 
jampal,  231. 
jainpang,  231. 
jampi,  231. 
jampok,  231. 

jamu,  217. 

jana,  217. 

j4nab,  217. 

janab,  232. 

janibat,  232. 

janas,  217. 

janda,  234. 

jandela  (jendela),  235. 

janek,  217. 

janela  (jenela),  235. 
jangak,  215. 

jangaii,  215. 
jangat,  215. 
jangga,  226. 
janggal,  226. 
janggawarij  226. 
janggi,  226. 
janggus,  226. 
janggut,  226. 
jangka,  224. 
jangkah,  226. 
jangkang,  225. 
jangkar,  224. 
jangkarayu,  224. 
jangkat,  224. 
jangkeh,  226. 
jangki,  226, 
jangkil,  225. 
jangking,  225. 
jangkit,  224. 
jangku,  225. 
jangkuchi,  226. 
jaiii,  217. 
janjar,  233. 
janji,  234. 
jannah,  235. 
jantan,  233. 
jantong,  233. 
jantiir,  232. 
jap,  227. 
jara,  213. 
jarah,  214. 
jarak,  214. 

jaram,  214. 
jarang,  213, 
jaras,  213. 
jarb,  220. 
jari,  214. 
jaring,  213. 
jariyah,  214. 
jaru,  214. 
jarum,  214, 


lasa,  ' 

jasad, 

jasadi 

jasat, 

jastar 

jati,  2 

atoh, 

jau, 

[auh 

iau 

auh 

iauk, 

ciur, 
au2 
awi 
awc 

jaws 
awi 
aw; 


[har, 


awc 
lawi,  218. 

jaya, 
jayer 
iaza' 


a  2 


14. 
223. 
,  223. 

215- 
,  223. 
12. 

212. 
217. 
218. 

>  239. 

ari,  239. 
218. 

218. 
au2a,  237. 

a,  217. 

'Ah,  235. 

ab,  217. 
iaw&hir,  235. 

ana,  235. 

at,  217. 

1,  2ir 

.,  218. 

sng  219. 
,ja',  223. 
izirah,  223. 
izm,  223. 
:bah,  219. 
,  ;bah,  240. 
jebak,  2ig. 
iebang,  219. 
lebat,  219. 
ieboh,  219. 
jebong,  219. 
jeda,  220. 
jedi,  240. 
jegat,  227. 
jegel,  227. 
jegong,  227. 
jehenam,  240. 
jejahan,  219. 
jejak,  219. 

jejal,  219. 
jejamang,  219. 
jejamu,  219. 
jejas,  219. 
jejawi,  219. 
jejeh,  240. 
iejenang,  219. 
jejer,  24a. 
jejintek,  219. 

lel,  227,  240. 
lela,  227. 
tela,  240. 
ielabas,  227. 
jelabat,  227. 
jeladan,  227. 
jeladeri,  227. 
jelaga,  228. 
jelah,  229. 
jelai,  229. 
jelak,  228. 
jelan,  229. 
jelanak,  228. 
j  jelangak,  228. 

jelantah,  229. 
jelantek,  229. 

jlapang,  228. 


elar,  228. 
elaradi,  228. 
elas,  228. 
elata,  227. 
elatang,  227. 
elatek,  227. 

elan,  229. 
elebu,  228. 
elebut,  228. 
elek,  228. 

elema,  229. 
elempah,  229, 
elepak,  228. 

elepang,  228, 
elepok,  229. 

elepok,  228. 

elimpat,  229. 
elinap,  229. 
eling,  228. 
elingar,  229. 
elir,  228. 

elma  (jelema),  229. 
elojoh,  229. 
elok,  228. 

elongak,  229. 

elujor,  229. 
elum,  228. 
elungkap,  228. 
eluntong,  229. 
elurai,  229. 
elutong,  229. 
eluwak,  229. 

eluw^ang,  229. 
eluwat,  229. 
emah,  232. 
emala,  230. 
emalang,  230. 
emawa,  230. 
emba,  230. 
embak,  230. 
embalang,  230. 
embet,  230. 
emeki,  231. 
emekiyan,  231. 
emerud,  231. 
emerelang,  231. 
emeti,  231, 
emor,  231. 
empana,  231. 
empol,  231. 
emput,  231. 
emu,  231. 
emudi,  231. 
emuju,  231. 
emuwan,  232. 
emuwas,  232. 
enak,  235. 

enaka,  232. 
enang,  235, 
eiiangau,  232. 
enawi,  232. 
enazah,  232. 
endala,  234. 
endela,  235. 
endera,  235. 
enderal,  235. 
I  jendol,  235. 


jendul,  235. 
jenela,  235. 
jeneral,  235. 
jengela,  227, 
jenggal,  226. 
jenggala,  226. 
jenggela,  226. 
jengger,  226. 
jengget,  226. 
jenggol,  226. 
jengkal,  225. 
jengkang,  225. 
jengkang,  225. 
jengkau,  225. 
jengkeng,  225, 
jengkeng,  225. 
jengkerek,  225. 

jengkering,  224. 
jengket,  224, 
jengket,  224. 
jengking,  225. 
jengkol,  225. 
jengkolet,  226. 
jengkot,  224. 
jengok,  223. 

jengol,  227. 
jenis,  235. 
jenjala,  233. 
jenjeng,  233. 
jenjet,  233. 
jenoh,  235. 
jentaka,  232. 
jentat,  232. 
jentayu,  232. 
jentek,  233. 

jentera,  232. 
jepang,  227. 
jepit,  227. 
jepun,  227. 
jeput,  227. 
jera,  220. 
jerabai,  220, 
jerabun,  220. 
jeradek,  220. 

jeragah,  220. 
jeragan,  220. 
jerageh,  220. 
jerah,  222. 
jerahak,  220. 

jerahap,  220. 
jerai,  223. 
jerait,  220. 
jeram,  222. 
jeramah,  220. 
jerambah,  222. 
jerambai,  222. 
jerambang,  222. 
jerami  220. 
jerang,  221. 
jerangau,  220. 
jerangkah,  221. 
jerangkang,  221. 
jerap,  221. 
jerat,  220. 
jgrau,  222, 
jeraus,  220. 
jerawat,  220. 
jereba,  220. 


j£:r£bak 


[     xxi     ] 


KACHI 


erebak,  220. 

erebu,  220. 
ereh,  223. 
erehak,  223. 
erejak,  221. 

erekah,  221. 
erekat,  221. 
jereket,  223. 
erelok,  222. 

eremal,  222. 
lereman,  222. 
ieremang,  222. 

eremba,  222. 

erembap,  222, 

erembet,  222. 
jerembun,  222. 

erenang,  222. 

ereneh,  222. 

erengkah,  221. 

ereni,  222. 

erepak,  221. 

erepet,  223. 
lering,  221. 

eringai,  223. 

eringau,  223. 

eringing,  223. 
ierit,  221. 

eriyah,  223. 

eriyau,  223. 

eriyat,  223. 

iermal  (jeremal),  222. 

ierman,  222. 

erneh,  222. 
jerobong,  222. 

eroh,  223. 

erohok,  222. 

erojol,  222. 
ierok,  221. 
erong,  221. 
erongkah,  221. 
erongkis,  221. 
erongkong,  221. 
erubong,  222. 
eruju,  222. 
ierukup,  222. 
ierumat,  222. 
ierumbai,  222. 
erumbong,  222. 
jerumbun,  222, 
erumun,  222. 
lerumus,  222. 
erungkau,  221. 
jerupeh,  222. 
erut,  221. 


jib,  219. 
jibillah,  219. 
jidar,  240. 
jidar,  220. 
jidwal,  220. 
jih,  239. 
jihad,  239. 
jijak,  240. 

jika,  227. 
jikalaii,  227. 
jilak,  240. 

jilat,  240. 
jilid,  228. 
jilit,  240. 
jim,  241. 
jima*,  230, 
jimat,  241. 
jimbit,  230. 
jin,  232. 
jinak,  241. 

jinan,  232. 
jing,  223, 
jingga,  226, 
jinggang,  226, 
jingkat,  224. 
jingkir,  224. 
jinis,  235. 
jinjal,  234. 
jinjang,  234. 
jinjing,  233. 
jinjit,  233. 
jintan,  233. 
jinteh,  233. 
jintek,  233. 

jir,  220. 
jirai,  240. 
jirak,  240. 

jiran,  240. 
jirat,  240. 
jirjir,  221. 
jirus,  240. 
jism,^  223. 
jismani,  223, 
jitah,  240. 
jiwa,  241. 
jodo,  236. 
jodoh,  236. 
jogan, 238. 
jogar,  238. 
joget,  238. 
jogi,  238. 
johan,  239. 
johong,  239. 
johor,  239. 


Ka,  489. 

kabir,  490. 

ka',  489. 

kablsat,  502. 

ka*abah,  520. 

kabit,  490. 

kabib,  501. 

kabong,  490. 

kabat,  489. 

kabor,  490. 

kabir,  502. 

kabu,  490. 

lojol,  236. 
ojot,  236. 
okong,  238, 
olok,  239. 

olong,  238. 
long,  223. 
ongang,  237. 
onggar,  226. 
ongit,  237. 
ongjang,  223. 
ongkah,  226. 
jongkang,  225. 
ongkar,  224. 
ongkat,  224. 
iongkir,  224. 
ongkit,  224. 
ongkok,  225. 

ongkol,  225. 
ongkong,  225. 
ongor,  237. 
iongos,  237. 
onjot,  233. 
ioram,  237. 
oran,  237. 
iorang,  236. 
ioreng,  236. 
ori,  237. 
jorok,  237. 

iorong,  236. 
ose,  237. 
otor,  236. 
ua  (juwa),  235. 
jual  (juwal),  238. 
iiang  (juwang),  237. 
uara  (juwara),  235. 
ubah,  235. 
ubbah,  219. 
Libin,  235, 
ubong,  235. 
ubor,  235. 
udah,  236. 
udas,  236. 
uddah,  220. 
judi,  236. 
uga,  227,  238. 
|ugi,  238. 
uharah,  239. 
iijat,  236. 
uji,  236. 
ujoh,  236. 
ujong,  236. 
jujor,  236. 
ujut,  236. 
ulai,  239. 
ulang,  238. 


K,  K,  KH. 


kabiil,  489. 
kabus,  490. 
kabut,  489. 
kacha,  491. 
kachak,  492. 
kachang,  492. 


julat,  238. 
julek,  239. 

juli,  239. 

juling,  238. 

julita,  229. 

julong,  238. 

julor,  238. 

jum,  230. 

juma'at,  231. 

jumantara,  231. 
I  jiimanten,  231, 
\  jumbai,  231. 
j  jumbil,  230. 
!  jumhiir,  232. 
I  j\imjumah,  231. 
!  jumlah,  231. 
:  jumpa,  231, 
I  jumpong,  231. 
!  jumpu,  231. 
j  jumpul,  231. 

jiin,  232. 
I  junam,  239, 

jimjang,  234. 

juiijong,  234. 

junjut,  233. 

jiintai,  233, 

junub,  232. 

juntin,  235, 

jupara,  227. 

juput,  237, 

juragan,  220. 

jurai,  237. 

juram,  237. 

jurit,  236. 

juroh,  237. 

jura,  237. 

jurus,  236. 

justa,  223. 

justisiya,  223. 

juta,  235. 

juwa,  235. 

juwadah,  235. 

juwah,  239. 

juwai,  239. 

juwak,  237. 

juwal,  238. 
juwandang,  239. 
juwang,  237. 
juwar,  236. 
juwara,  235. 
juweh,  239. 
juwita,  239. 
juz,  223. 


kachapuri,  506. 
kachar,  491. 
kachat,  491. 
kachau,  492. 
kacheh  (kochah),  545, 
kachi,  492. 


KACHIP 


[     xxii     ] 


KAWI 


kachip,  492, 
kachit,  491. 
kachoiig,  492. 
kachu,  492. 
kadal,  493. 
kadam,  489. 

kadang,  492. 
kadar,  489. 

kadir,  489. 

kadla,  489. 

kadok,  492. 

kadut,  492. 
kadzab,  508. 
kaf,  488. 
kaf,  495. 
kafal,  521. 
kafan,  521. 
kafi,  521. 
kafilah,  489. 
kifir,  495, 
kifiri,  495. 
kafsigar,  521. 
kAftir,  495. 
kah,  552. 
kahang,  499. 
kahin,  499. 
kahwah,  489. 

kahwin,  552. 
kaifiyat,  555. 
kaih,  501. 
kail,  500. 
kain,  500. 
kais,  500. 
kait,  500. 
kajai,  491. 
kajang,  491. 
kaji,  491. 
kak,  523. 

kakak,  496. 

kakanda,  524. 
kakang,  496. 
kakap,  496. 
kakas,  496. 
kakek,  496. 

kaki,  496. 
kaku,  496. 
kal,  524. 
kala,  497. 
kalah,  498. 
kalai,  498. 
kalajenking,  526. 
kalak,  498.  , 

kalakiyan,  527. 
kalalawar,  527. 
kalam,  498. 
kalam,  489. 

kalamdAn,  489. 

kalandir,  529, 
kalang,  497. 
kalas,  497. 
kalat,  497, 
kalau  (jikalau),  227. 
kalau,  529, 
kalb,  525. 
kalbu,  525 


I  kalde,  526. 
i  kaleh,  498. 
!   kalek,  498. 

;   kali,  498. 

I   kalikauthar,  527. 

kalilah,  531. 

kalimah,  531. 
:   kalimat,  528, 

kaling,  497. 

kalis,  497. 

kalok,  498. 

;   kalong,  497. 

I  kalpat,  527. 

I  kaluar  (keluwar),  529. 

I   kalut,  497. 

^  kama,  498. 

kamar,  498,  534. 

kamar,  489. 

kaiiiariyyah,  489. 
kamasta,  534. 
kamat,  498. 
kambam,  533. 
kambang,  532. 
kambau,  533. 
kambeli,  533. 
kambi,  534. 
kambing,  532. 
kainbu,  533. 
kambus,  532. 
kambiit,  532. 
kameja,  536. 
kamek,  498. 
kamefi,  535, 
kamera,  534. 
kami,  498. 
kamil,  498. 
kamir,  498. 
kamisa,  489. 

kamit,  498. 
kamkam,  535. 
kampa,  534. 
kampar,  534. 
kampil,  535. 
kampilan  (kampil),  535. 
kampit,  534. 
kampoh,  535. 
kampong,  534. 
kamsen,  534. 
kamii,  498. 
kamtis,  489. 

kan,  536. 
kana,  498. 
kanak,  498. 

kanan,  498. 
kanang,  498. 
kanar,  498. 
kanchap,  539. 
kanchapuri,  539. 
kanchil,  539. 
kanching,  538. 
kanchut,  538. 
kanda,  540. 
kandan,  541. 
kandang,  540. 
kandar,  540. 
kandas,  540. 
kandi,  541, 


!  kandil,  489. 

;  kandis,  540. 
;  kandong,  540. 

kandul,  541. 
I  kandut,  540. 
;  kang,  520. 
;  kangka,  520. 
I  kangkang,  520. 

kangkong,  520. 

kangor.  495. 
;  kangsa,  520. 
I   kangsin,  520. 

kangsor,  520. 

kangteng,  520. 

kangtin,  520. 
I   kanisah,  542. 
I   kanjang,  538. 
\   kanjapuri,  538. 
;   kairjar,  538. 
:   kariji,  538. 
i   kanjus,  538. 
I   kantan,  537. 
;   kantang,  537. 
!   kantil  (kontal),  537. 
I   kantin,  537. 
i   kanting  (kontang),  537. 
I   kantong,  537. 
\   kantor,  537. 
i   kantu,  538. 
\   kap,  521. 

kapa,  495. 
\   kapada,  522. 
i   kapah,  496. 
j   kapai,  496. 
I   kapak,  496. 

I   kapal,  496,  522. 
j   kapan,  496. 
I   kapang,  496. 

kapar,  495. 

kapas,  495. 

kapek,  496. 

kaper,  495. 
kapi,  496. 
kapil,  496. 
kapir,  495. 
kapis,  495, 
kapista,  522. 
kapit,  495. 
kapitan,  523. 
kapok,  496. 

kapong,  496. 

kapor,  495. 
j  kapri,  522. 
I  kaptan,  522. 
I  kapus,  495. 
I  kar,  508. 
I  kara,  493. 

karah,  494. 

karam,  493,  514. 

karamat,  509. 

karang,  493. 

karap,  493. 

kar&r,  489. 

karas,  493. 
karat,  493. 
karau,  494. 
kareh,  494. 
k.arena,  494. 


k 


kari,  494. 
karib,  489, 

karim,  518. 
karip,  493. 
karki,  514, 
karoiig,  493. 
karpiis,  513. 
kartas,     . 
karu,  494. 
karuii,  494. 
karun,  488. 

karuiiiya,  494. 
kariit,  493. 
kas,  518. 
kasa,  494. 
kasab,  489. 

kasad,  489. 

kasai,  495. 
kasam,  489. 

kasap,  494. 
kasar,  494. 
kasau,  494. 
kaseh,  494. 
kasek  (kosak),  547. 

kashmiri,  520. 
kasi,  495. 
kasid,  488. 

kasih,  494, 
kasip,  494. 
kaskas,  519. 
kaskus,  519. 
kasrah,  519. 
kasut,  494. 
kata,  490. 
katak,  491. 

katang,  490. 
katar,  490* 
katek,  491. 

kater,  490. 
kati,  491. 
katib,  490. 
katifah,  489. 

katil,  491. 
katir,  490. 
katok,  491. 

katong,  490. 
kattan,  504, 
katup,  490. 
katwal,  504, 
kail,  542. 
kaul,  489. 
kaum,  489. 
kaung,  499. 
kaup,  499. 
kaus,  499. 
kaut,  499. 
kauth,  544. 
kauthar,  544. 
kawah,  499. 
kawal,  499. 
kawan,  499. 
kawang,  499. 
kawar,  499. 
kawat,  499. 
kawt,  489. 
kawi,  499. 


kawIn 


[     xxiii     ] 


kIilIitak 


kawin,  499. 
kawin,  499, 
kawit,  499. 
kawitera,  552. 
kaya,  499. 
kayal,  500. 
kayap,  500. 
kayau,  500. 
kayoh,  501. 
kayu,  500. 
kayul,  500, 
ke,  552. 
kebabal,  501. 
kebah,  502. 
kebahi,  501. 
kebak,  553. 

kebal,  501. 
kebam,  502. 
keban,  502. 
kebar,  501. 
kebas,  501. 
kebasi,  501. 
kebat,  501. 
kebaya,  501. 
kebayan,  501. 
kebek,  501. 
kebeng,  553. 
kebil,  501. 
kebin,  502. 
kebirah,  502. 
kebiri,  502. 
kebok,  501. 

kebor,  501. 
kebuli,  502. 
kebun,  502. 
kebus  (kebas),  501. 
kecha,  506. 
kechah  (kechoh),  507. 
kechai,  507. 
kechambah,  506. 
kechap,  506. 
kechap,  553. 
kechapi,  506. 
kechar,  506. 
kechek,  553. 
kecheng,  553. 
kechewa,  507. 
kechi,  553. 
kechik,  506. 

kechil,  506. 
kechimpong,  506. 
kechipong,  507, 
kechoh,  507. 
kechoh,  553. 
kechong,  506. 
kechong,  553*. 
kechopong,  507. 
kechor,  506. 

kechuali  (kechuwaU),  506. 
kechubong,  506. 
kechundang,  506. 
kechup,  506. 
kechut,  506. 
kechuwak,  507. 

kechuwali,  506. 

keda,  507. 

kedadah  (kedadak),  507. 

kedadak,  507. 


kedah,  508. 
kedai,  508. 
kedak,  507, 

kedal,  508. 
kedah  (kendah),  540. 
kedampas,  508. 
kedang,  507. 
kedanga,  507. 
kedangsa,  507. 
kedap,  507. 
kedau,  508. 
kedaung,  507. 
kedayan,  507. 
kedek,  507. 
kedek,  554. 

kedekai,  508. 
kedekek,  508. 

kedekeng,  507. 
kedelai,  508. 
kedelam,  508. 
kedempong,  508. 
kedengkang,  507. 
!   kedengkek,  507. 

I  kedengkeng,  507, 
kedengkong,  507. 

I  kedepong,  507. 

I  kedera,  507. 

I  kedera,  508. 

I  kederang,  507. 

I  kedewas,  508. 

I  kedi,  508. 

I  kedidi,  508. 

'\  kediri,  508, 

I  kedit,  507. 

j  kedok,  507. 

j   kedondong,  508. 
I   kedongkok,  507. 

I   kedu,  508. 
I   kedudok,  508. 

kedul,  508. 
i   kedumpas,  508. 
kedundong,  508. 
kedut,  507. 
kehel,  556. 
kehendak,  552. 
kejai,  506. 
kejal,  505. 
kejam,  505. 
kejan,  505. 
kejang,  505. 
kejap,  505. 
kejar,  505. 
kejat,  505. 
keji,  506. 
kejip,  505. 
kejor,  505. 
kejora,  506. 
keju,  553. 
kejut,  505. 
kek,  523. 

kekah,  524. 
kekal,  524. 
kekandi,  524. 
kekang,  524. 
kekapah,  523. 
kekar,  524. 
kekara,  523. 


kekaseh,  523. 
kekat,  523. 
kekateh,  523. 
kekau,  524. 
kekawin,  523. 
kekek,  555. 

kekel*  555. 
keketuvva,  523. 
kekih,  524. 
kekok,  555. 

kekoleh,  524. 
I   kekora,  524. 
I   kekoroh,  524. 
I  kekura,  524. 
j  kelabang,  524. 

kelabat,  524. 
i  kelabau,  524. 

kelabong,  524. 

kelabu,  524. 

keladak,  524. 

keladang,  524. 
keladau,  524, 
keladi,  524. 
kelahi,  525. 
kelak,  527. 

kelakar,  525. 
kelalak,  525. 

kelahing,  525. 

kelalut,  525. 

kelam,  527. 

kelambar,  528. 
!  kelambir,  528. 
I  kelambit,  528. 
j  kelambor,  528. 

kelambu,  528. 

kelamin,  525. 

kelamkari,  528. 

kelampes,  528. 

kelampong,  528. 

kelana,  525. 

kelanet,  525. 

kelang,  556. 

kelang,  526. 

kekmgkang,  527. 

kelangkeng,  527. 

kelangut,  525. 

kelantan,  529. 

kelapa,  525, 

kekir,  526. 

kelara,  524. 

kelarah,  524. 

kelarai,  524. 

kelas,  526. 

kelasa,  524. 

kelasak,  525. 

kelasi,  525. 
kelat,  525. 
kelati,  524. 
kelau,  529. 
kelawar,  525. 
kelayak,  525, 
kelayu,  525. 
keldai,  526. 
keldu,  526. 
kelebang,  530. 
kelebek  (kelebet),  530, 
kelebet,  530. 


kelebok,  525. 

keleboran,  525. 

kelebut,  525. 
!   kelechap,  526, 
I  keledak,  531. 

I  keledang,  531. 
I  keledar,  531, 
I   keledek,  531. 

keledut,  526. 
keleh,  530. 
kelek,  527. 

kelek,  556. 
kelekati,  527. 
kelekatu,  527. 
kelekiyan,  527. 
kelekok,  531. 

\   kelelut,  531. 
:   kelemari,  528, 

kelemarin,  528. 
I  kelemayar,  528. 
i  kelemayoh,  528, 

kelembahang,  528. 

kelembai,  528. 

kelembak,  528, 

kelembong,  528, 
\  kelembubii,  528. 

kelembuwai,  528. 
!  kelemomor,  528. 
'   kelemoyang,  528. 
I   kelemping,  528. 
I   kelempong,  528. 
I  kelemumor,  528. 
I   kelemunting,  528. 
!  kelenchong,  529. 

kelendara,  529. 

kelengar,  526. 

kelengkang,  527. 

kelengkang,  527. 

kelengkeng,  527. 

kelengking,  527. 

kelengkok,  527. 

kelenjar,  529. 
kelennyar,  529. 
kelenong,  529. 
kelentang,  529. 
kelentang,  529. 
kelentang,  529. 
kelenting,  529. 
kelentit,  528. 
kelentong,  529. 
kelentong,  529. 
kelepai,  527. 
kelepak,  527. 

kelepak,  531, 
kelepas,  527. 
kelepek,  527. 
kelepek,  531. 

kelepet,  531. 
kelepet,  527. 
kelepir,  527. 
kelepek,  527. 

kelesa,  526. 
kelesa,  531. 
kelesek,  531. 
keletak,  526. 


tt 


KilLiTANG 


[     xxiv     ] 


KiPITING 


keletang,  526. 
keletar,  526. 
keletek,  526. 
keleting,  526. 
keletokj  526. 

keletong,  526. 
kelewang,  531, 
kelewetj  531. 
keli,  530. 

kelian  (keliyan),  531. 
kelibat,  330. 
kelicheh,  530. 
kelichi,  530. 
kelichu,  530. 
kelidau,  531. 
kelikir,  531. 
keliling,  531. 
kelim,  528. 
kelinchi,  529. 
kelinchir,  529. 
kelindan,  529. 
keling,  526. 
kelingkam,  527. 
kelingsir,  526. 
kelinsir,  529. 
kelip,  527. 
keliru,  531. 
kelis,  526. 
kelisa,  531. 
kelisal,  531. 
kelisar,  531. 
kelisip  (kelesek),  531. 

kelit,  526. 
kelitah,  530. 
keliti,  530, 
keliting,  530. 
keliyan,  531. 
kelmarin,  528, 
kelo,  529. 
kelochah,  529. 
kelochak,  529. 

kelodak,  529. 

kelodan,  529. 
keloh,  530. 
kelok,  527. 

kelok,  556. 

kelola,  530. 
keloloh,  530. 
kelompang,  528. 
kelompok,  528. 

kelong,  556. 
kelong,  526. 
kelonet,  530. 
kelongkongj  527. 
kelongsong,  527. 
kelongsor,  526. 
kelonsor,  529. 
kelontang,  529. 
kelopak,  530. 
kelor,  526, 
kelorak,  529. 
kelosok,  529. 
kelotok  (gelotok),  529, 
keloyak, 530. 
kelpat,  527. 
kelu,  529. 


keluang  (keluwang),  529. 

keluar  (keluwar),  529, 

keluarga  (keluwarga),  529. 

kelubi,  529. 

kelubong,  529, 

kelubor,  529. 

kelucha,  529. 

keluli,  530. 

kelulus,  530. 

kelulut,  530. 

kelum,  528. 

kelumbong,  528. 

kelumpong,  528. 

kelun,  528. 

keluna,  530. 

kelupas,  530. 

kelupor,  529, 

kelurok,  529. 

kelurut,  529. 
kelus,  526. 
keluwang,  529. 
keluwangsa,  529. 
keluwar,  529. 
keluwarga,  529. 
keluweh,  530. 
keluwek,  530. 

kemala,  532. 
kemalai,  532. 
kemam,  535. 
kemamam,  532. 
kemang,  534. 
kemangi,  531. 
kemarau,  531. 
kemarin,  531. 
kemarok,  531. 

kemas,  534.  i 

kemat,  534. 

kematu,  531.  | 

kemau,  536.  j 

kemayoh,  532.  | 

kembal,  533. 

kembala,  532. 

kembali,  532. 

kemban,  533. 

kembang,  532, 

kembar,  532. 

kembara,  532. 

kembayat,  532. 

kembera,  532. 

kembili,  534. 

kembiri,  534. 

kemboja,  533. 

kembok,  533. 

kembong,  533. 

kembor,  532. 

kemdian  (kemudiyan),  534. 

kemeh,  536. 

kemeja,  536. 

kemejan,  534. 

kemek,  535. 

kemeiut,  535- 
kemendalu,  536. 
kemendikai,  536. 
kemendit,  536. 
kemenjaya,  535. 
kemennyan,  536. 
kemennyen,  536. 
kementam,  535. 


kemenyan,  536. 
kemenyen,  536. 
kemering,  534. 
kemerok,  534. 

kemetek,  536. 
kemetut,  536. 
kemi,  536. 
kemili,  536. 
kemiri,  536. 
kemis,  534. 
kemishen,  536. 
kemoja  (kemboja),  536, 
kemok  (kemek),  535. 
kemonchak,  536. 

kempa,  534. 
kempang,  535. 
kempang,  535. 
kempas,  534. 
kempek,  535. 
kempelang,  535. 
kempilor,  535. 
kempis,  534. 
kempit,  534. 
kempom,  535. 
kempong,  535. 
kempot,  534. 
kempu,  535. 
kempul,  535. 
kempunan,  535. 
kemudi,  536. 
kemudiyan,  534. 
kemukus,  536. 
kemukut,  536. 
kemunchup,  535. 
kemungkus,  534. 
kemuning,  536. 
kemunting,  535. 
kemurok,  536. 

kemut,  534. 
kemut  (kemut),  534. 
ken,  536. 
kena,  536. 
kenal,  541. 
kenan,  542. 
kenang,  541, 
kenang,  556. 
kenanga,  537, 
kenantan,  542. 
kenapa,  537. 
kenari,  537. 
kenas,  541. 
kenchana,  538. 
kenchang,  539. 
kenchar,  338. 
kencheng,  539. 
kenching,  539. 
kenchong,  539. 
kenchor,  538. 
kenchup,  539. 
kendak,  541. 

kendala,  540. 
kendali,  540. 
kendang,  540. 
kendara,  540. 
kendati,  540. 
kendek,  541. 

kenderi,  540. 


kendi,  541. 
kendiri,  341. 
kendit,  540. 
kendok,  541. 

kendong,  340. 
kendong,  340. 
kendor,  340. 
kenduri,  341. 
kenehang,  542. 
kenek,  356. 

keneri  (kenderi),  340. 
keng,  520. 
kengkang,  321. 
kengkeng,  321. 
kening,  341. 
kenjah,  338. 
kenjang,  338. 
kenjas,  338. 
kenjor,  338. 
kennya,  342. 
kennyak,  342. 

kennyal,  342. 
kennyam,  342. 
kennyang,  342. 
kennyap,  342. 
kennyat,  342. 
kennyek  (kennyak),  342. 
kennyir,  342. 
kennyit,  342. 
kennyok  (kennyak),  342. 

kennyop  (kennyap),  342. 

kennyut  (kennyat),  342* 

kenong,  341. 

kental,  337. 

kentala,  537. 

kentang,  337. 

kentar,  337. 

kentara,  337. 

kentong,  337. 

kentong,  337. 

kentut,  337. 

kenya  (kennya),  342. 

kenyang  (kennyang),  342. 

kenyit  (kennyit),  542. 

kenyut  (kennyut),  342. 

kep,  321. 

kepah,  323, 

kepai,  323. 

kepak,  322. 

kepak,  335. 

kepal,  323. 

kepala,  321. 

kepalang,  322. 

kepar,  322. 

keparat,  521.   . 

kepari,  321. 

kepaya,  522. 

kepayang,  322. 

kepayat,  522. 

kepeng,  335. 

keper,  322. 

kepet,  333. 

kSpialu  (kepiyalu),  523. 

kepil,  323. 

keping,  322. 

kepiri,  323. 

kepit,  522. 

kepiting,  523. 


KfePIYAH 


[       XXV       ] 


KfiSHATfiRIYA 


kepiyah,  523. 
kepiyalu,  523. 
kepoh,  523. 
kepok,  522. 

kepom,  523. 
kepong,  522. 
kepot,  555. 
kepudang,  523. 
kepul,  523. 
kepulaga,  523. 
kepurun,  523. 
kepuyoh,  523. 
kepuyu,  523. 
kera,  509. 
kera,  554. 
kerabat,  509. 
kerabek,  509. 

kerabu,  509. 
kerabut,  509. 
kerachak,  509. 

kerachang,  509, 

kerachap,  509. 

kerah,  517. 

kerai,  517. 

kerajang  (kerachang),  509. 

kerak,  513. 

kerakah,  509. 
kerakap,  509. 
keraki,  509. 
kerama,  509. 
keramat,  509. 
kerambil,  514. 
keramboja,  514. 
kerampagi,  514. 
kerampang,  514. 
keran,  514. 
kerana,  509, 
keranchang,  515. 
keranda,  515. 
kerang,  554. 
kerang,  512. 
kerangkang,  513. 
kerani,  509. 
keranjang,  515. 
keranjat,  515. 
keranji,  515. 
keranta,  514. 
kerap,  513. 
kerap,  554. 
kerapai,  509. 
kerapis  (keropas),  516. 
kerapu,  509. 
keras,  511. 
kerasak,  509. 

kerat,  510. 
keraton,  509. 
kerau,  554. 
kerawai,  510. 
kerawak,  510. 

kerawang,  510. 
kerawat,  509. 
kerawit,  509. 
kerbau,  510. 
kerebang,  510. 
kerebas,  510. 
kerebat,  510. 
kerebok,  510. 

kSrebong,  510. 


kerechap,  511. 

kerechau,  511. 

kerechup  (kerechap),  511. 

kerechut,  511. 

kereda,  511. 

keredak,  511. 

keredak,  517. 

keredam,  511. 

keredil,  511. 

keredum  (keredam),  511. 

keredut,  511. 

kereh,  517. 

kerejang,  511. 

kerek,  513, 

kerek,  554. 
kerekak,  514. 
kerekap,  514. 
kerekau,  514. 
kereket,  518. 
kereki,  514, 
kerekup,  514. 
kerekut,  518. 
kerekut,  513. 
kerelap,  514. 
kereling,  514. 
kerelip,  514. 
keremah,  514. 
keremak,  514. 

keremang,  514. 
keremangka,  514. 
keremi,  514. 
keremunting,  514. 
keremut,  518. 
kerena,  514. 
kerenah,  518. 
kerenai,  515. 
kerenchang,  515. 
kerenchat,  515. 
kerencheng,  515. 
kerenchang,  515. 
kerenchong,  515, 
kerengga,  513. 
kerengkam,  513. 
kerengkek  (kerengkel),  513. 

kerengkel,  513 


3         -^       *  ^^j 
kerennyat,  515. 
kerennyau,  515. 
kerennyeh,  515. 
kerennyeng,  515. 
kerennyit,  515. 
kerennyut,  515. 
kerentat,  514. 
kerentil,  515. 
kerenting,  514. 
kerepai,  513. 
kerepak,  513, 

kerepas,  513. 
kerepek,  513. 
kerepek,  518. 

kerepes,  518. 
kerepis,  513. 
kerepoh,  513. 
kerepok,  513. 

kerepus,  513. 
kereput,  518. 


keresai,  512. 
keresak,  512. 

keresang,  512. 
keresek,  512. 

keresok,  512. 

keresul,  512. 
keresut,  517. 
keresut,  512. 
keret,  510. 
kereta,  517. 
keretak,  511. 

keretang,  511, 
keretap,  511. 
keretas  (keretus),  510. 
keretau,  511. 
keretek,  511. 

kereting,  517. 
kereting,  511. 
keretip,  511. 
keretok,  511. 

keretong,  511. 
keret  up,  511. 
keretus,  510. 
keretut,  517. 
keri,  517. 
keribas,  517. 
kerichal,  517. 
keridek,  517. 

kerikal,  518. 
kerikam,  518. 
kerimun,  518. 
kerimut,  518. 
kerinching,  515. 
kering,  512. 
keringkam,  513. 
kerinteng,  514. 
kerintil,  515. 
kerinting,  514. 
kerip,  513. 
keris,  512. 
kerisek,  518. 

kerisi,  518. 
kerising,  518. 
keristam,  512. 
kerisut,  517. 
kerit,  510. 
keriting,  517. 
keriya,  517. 
keriyang,  518. 
keriyat,  517. 
keriyau,  518. 
keriyok,  518. 

keriyut,  517. 
kerja,  511. 
kerlap,  514. 
kerling,  514. 
kerlip  (kerelip),  514. 
kerma,  514. 
kermanichi,  514. 
kerniya,  515. 
kernu,  515. 
kerobak,  516. 

kerobek,  516. 

kerochok,  516. 

keroh,  517. 
keroh,  554. 


kerok,  513. 

kerokot,  516. 
keromong,  516. 
keronchang,  515. 
keroncho,  515. 
keronchong,  515. 
kerong,  554. 
kerong,  513. 
kerongkong,  513, 
kerongsang,  513. 
keronsang,  515. 
kerontang,  514. 
keropas,  516. 
keropok,  516. 

kerosek,  516. 

kerosi,  516. 
kerosok,  516. 

kerosot,  516. 
kerotot,  516. 
kersani,  512. 
kertas,  510. 
kertasari,  510, 
kertika,  511. 
keru,  515. 
kerubi,  516. 
kerubong,  516. 
kerubut,  515. 
kerudut,  516. 
kerukut,  516. 
kerul,  514. 
kerup,  513. 
keruping,  516, 
keruput,  516. 
kerumit,  516. 
kerumun,  516. 
kerumus,  516. 
kerun,  514. 
kerunas,  516. 
kerunting,  515. 
keruntul,  515. 
kerusi,  516. 
kerusul,  516. 
kerusut,  516. 
kerut,  510. 
kerut  (kerang),  554, 
kerutu,  516. 
kerutup,  516. 
keruwan,  516. 
keruwing,  516. 
keruwit,  516. 
keruyup,  516. 
kesa,  518. 
kesah,  520. 
kesak,  519. 

kesal,  519. 
kesambi,  519. 
kesan,  519, 
kesang,  519. 
kesangka,  519. 
kesar,  519. 
kesat,  518. 
keseh,  520. 
kesek,  555. 

kesek,  519, 

kesel,  555. 
kesemak,  519. 

kesep,  555. 
keshateriya,  520. 


Kisi 


[     xxvi     ] 


KLIP 


kesi,  520, 
kesibukan,  518. 
kesimbukan,  519. 
kesing,  519. 
kesip,  519. 
keskes,  519. 
keskul  (kushkul),  520. 
kesmaran^  519. 
kesna,  519. 
kesoh,  520. 
kesoma,  519. 
kesor,  555. 
kestela,  519. 
kesturi,  518. 
kesu,  519. 
kesumba,  519. 
kesup,  519. 
kesiit,  555. 
kesuwari,  519. 
keta,  502. 
ketageh,  502. 
ketai,  504. 
ketak,  503. 

ketak,  553. 

ketam,  503. 
ketambak,  504. 

ketan,  504. 
ketanah,  502. 
ketang,  502. 
ketang,  553. 
ketangkai,  503. 
ketap,  503. 
ketapang,  502. 
ketar,  502. 
ketara,  502. 
ketarap,  502. 
ketat,  502. 
ketaya,  502. 
ketayapj  502. 
ketegar,  503. 
keteh  (ketek),  503. 

ketek,  503.  ' 
ketek,  553. 

ketekij  503. 
ketel,  553. 
ketela,  505. 
ketelum,  503. 
ketengga,  503. 
ketengkang,  503. 
keti,  504. 
ketiak  (ketiyak),  504. 

ketibong  (ketimpong),  504. 

ketika,  505. 

ketil,  503. 

ketimang  (ketipong),  504. 

ketimbong  (ketimpong),  514 

ketimpal,  504, 

ketimpong,  504. 

ketimun,  505. 

keting,  503. 

ketip,  503. 

ketipong,  504. 

ketirah,  504. 

ketis,  502. 

ketit,  502. 

ketiti,  504. 

ketitir,  504. 

ketiyak,  504* 


ketiyal,  505. 
ketiyan,  505. 
ketiyap,  504. 
ketiyau,  505. 
keto,  504. 
ketok,  503. 

ketola,  504. 
ketong,  503. 
ketopong,  504. 
ketor,  502. 
ketubong,  504. 
ketuhar,  504. 
ketul,  503. 
ketulul,  504* 
ketumang,  504. 
ketumbar,  504. 
ketumbit,  504. 
ketupat,  504. 
ketiit,  553. 
ketutu,  504. 
ketiiwat,  504. 
kewang,  556. 
keyangan  (yang),  697. 
kha,  280, 
khabar,  280. 
khabbaz,  280. 
khabith,  280. 
khabuli,  281. 
khMini,  280. 
khafi,  281. 
khafir,  281. 
khaimah,  282. 
khair,  282. 
khalaS  281. 
khalashi,  281. 
khalAyak,  281. 

khali,  280. 
khali,  281. 
khalifah,  281. 
khalik,  280. 

khalii,  281. 
khalis,  280. 

khalk,  281. 

khalwat,  281. 
khamir,  281. 
khamis,  281, 
khamis,  280. 
khamr,  281. 
khS.nah,  280. 
khanjar,  281. 
khar&,  280. 
khar4b,  281. 
khar^j,  281. 
kharajat,  281. 
kharanda,  281. 
kharbuk,  281. 

kMsah,  280. 
khasam,  281. 
khasiyat,  280. 
khass,  280. 

khitam,  280. 
khatam,  281. 
khatan,  281. 
khatib,  280. 

khatifah,  281. 
khatim,  280. 


khatir,  280. 

khayal,  282. 

khayali,  282. 

khazin,  280. 

khidlr,  281. 

khidmat,  281. 

khil^f,  281. 

khimmir,  281. 

khitanat,  281. 

khiyali,  282. 

khiyanat,  282. 

khizanat,  281. 

khojah  (khuwajah),  281. 

khula*t,  281. 

khuld,  281. 

khnrma,  281. 

khitruj,  281. 

khusus,  281. 

khutbah,  281. 
khiivvajah,  281. 
khuwatir  (khatir),  280. 
kiamat  (kiyamat),  489. 
kian  (kiyan),  556. 
kias  (kiyas),  489. 
kibar/553. 
kibas,  553. 
kiblat,  489. 

kibriyah,  501. 
kichak,  553. 
kichii,  553. 
kida,  554. 
kidal,  554. 
kidam,  554. 
kidap,  554. 
kidol,  554. 
kidong,  554. 
kidul,  554. 
kidzib,  508. 
kihil,  556. 
kijai,  553. 
kijang,  553. 
kijing,  553- 
kikek,  555. 

kikili  555. 

kikir,  555. 

kikis,  555. 

kila,  555- 

kilah,  556. 

kilan,  556. 

kilas,  556. 

kilat,  556. 

kilau,  556. 

kilek,  556. 

kili,'  556. 

kilir,  556. 

kima,  556. 

kimbang,  533. 

kimbul,  533. 

kimiya,  556. 

kimka  (kimkha),  534. 

kimkha,  534. 

kinang,  556, 

kinchah,  539. 

kinchak,  539. 

kinchang,  539. 
kinchat,  538. 
kinchir,  538. 


kinchit,  538. 
kinchup,  539. 
kingkap,  521. 
kingkip,  521. 
kingkit,  520. 
kini,  556. 
kinja,  538. 
kintar,  537. 
kinyang,  556. 
kipai,  555. 
kipas,  555. 
kipsiyau,  522. 
kira,  554. 
kirai,  554. 
kirap,  554, 
kiri,  554. 
kirim,  554. 
kirip,  554- 
kis,  554. 
kisa,  554. 
kisah,  489. 

kisal,  555. 
kisar,    555. 
kishmish,  520. 
kisi,  555. 
kismis,  519. 
kisut,  555. 
kita,  553. 
kitab,  502. 
kitabi,  502. 
kitang,  553. 
kitar,  553. 
kiting,  553. 
kiwi,  556. 
kiya,  552. 
kiyah,  556. 
kiyai,  553- 
kiyal,  556. 
kiyamat,  489. 
kiyambang,  556. 
kiyan,  556. 
kiyang,  555- 
kiyani,  553. 
kiyap,  555- 
kiyas,  489. 

kiyat,  553- 
kiyok,  555- 
kiyong,  555. 
kiyut  (kiyat),  553. 
klabu  (kelabu),  524. 
kladi  (keladi)  524. 
klahi  (kelahi),  525. 
klam  (kelam),  527. 
klambu  (kelambu),  528. 
klamin  (kelamin),  525. 
klana  (kelana),  525. 
klang  (kelang),  526. 
klapa  (kelapa),  525. 
klasi.(kelasi),  525. 
klat  (kelat),  525. 
kleh  (keleh),  530. 
klewang  (kelewang),  531. 

kli  (keli),  530- 
klian  (keliyan),  531. 
kliling  (keliling),  531. 
klim  (kelim),  528. 
kling  (keling),  526. 
klip  (kelip),  527. 


KLITI 


[     xxvii     ] 


KUNJING 


kliti  (keliti),  530. 
kloh  (keloh),  530. 
klong  (kelong),  526. 
klopak  (kelopak),  530. 
kluang  (keluwang),  529. 
kliibi  (kelubi),  529. 
klubong  (kelubong),  529. 
klumbong  (kelumbong),  528. 
ko,  542. 
koba,  543. 
kobah,  543. 
kobang,  543. 
kobak,  543. 

kobar,  543. 
kobir  (kobar),  543. 
kobis,  543. 
kobok,  543. 

kochah,  545. 
kochak,  545. 

kochar,  545. 
kochek,  545. 

kochi,  545. 
kochoh,  545. 
kochong,  545. 
kodi,  546, 
kodiyan,  546. 
kodok,  546. 

kohong,  552. 
koja,  544. 
kojah  (koja),  544. 
kojoh,  545, 
kojor,  545- 
kok,  523. 

kokang,  549- 
kokila,  524. 
kokkok,  523. 

kokoh,  549. 
kokok,  549, 

kokol,  549. 
kokong,  549. 
kokop,  549. 
kokot,  549. 
kolah,  530. 
kolak,   550. 

koiam,  550. 

kolang,  550. 

koleh,  550. 

kolek,  550. 

koloh,  550. 

kolong,  550. 

komak,  551. 

koman,  551. 

komat,  550. 

kombali,  532. 

komedor,  534. 

komendor,  536. 

komeng,  551. 

komisi,  536. 

kompas,  534. 

kompeni,  535. 

kompong,  535. 

kompot,  534. 

komsen,  534. 

konang,  551. 

konchah  (kunchah),  539. 

konchak,  539. 


konchet,  538. 
konchong,  539. 
konchor,  538. 
kong,  520. 
kongkang,  521. 
kongkeng,  521. 
kongkiyak,  521. 
kongkol,  521. 
kongkong,  521. 
kongsan,  520. 
kongsi,  520. 
konsetebal,  541. 
konsil,  541. 
konta,  537. 
kontal,  537. 
kontan,  538. 
kontang,  537. 
konteng,  537. 
konteiito,  538. 
konterlir,  537. 
kontol,  537. 
konyek,  552. 

konyok,  552. 

konyoiig,  552. 
kop,  521. 
kopah,  548. 
kopak,  548. 

kopeh,  548. 
kopek,  548. 

kopi,  548. 
kopiyah,  523. 
kopok,  548. 

kopral,  522. 
kora,  546. 
korah,  547. 
koral,  547. 
korang,  546. 
korek,  547. 

koreng,  546. 
koret,  546. 
kori,  547. 
koris,  546. 
koriya,  517. 
korma,  514. 
kort,  510. 
kosa,  547. 
kosak,  547. 
kosek,  547. 
koseng,  547. 
kosil,  547. 
kosong,  547. 
kota,  543. 
kotah,  544. 
kotai,  544. 
kotak,  544. 

kotek,  544. 
koteiig,  543. 
kotil,  544, 
kotis,  543. 
kotok,  544. 

kotong,  543. 
kotor,  543. 
kowe,  552. 
koyak,  552. 

ko'yam,  552. 
koyan,  552. 


koyang,  552. 
koyo,  552. 
koyok,  552. 

kra  (kera),  509. 
krabat  (kerabat)  509. 
krabu  (kerabu),  509. 
krachap  (kerachap)  509. 
krah  (kerah),  517. 
kramat  (keramat),  509. 
krambil  (kerambil),  514. 
krana  (kerana),  509. 
krang  (kerang),  512. 
krani  (kerani),  509. 
kranji  (keranji),  515. 
krap  (ker^p),  513, 
kras  (keras),  511. 
krat  (kerat),  510. 
krengga  (kerengga),  513. 
kreta  (kereta),  517. 
kreting  (kereting),  517. 
kriau  (keriyau),  518. 
kridek  (keridek),  517. 

kring  (kering),  512, 
kris  (keris),  512. 
kroh  (keroh),  517. 
krongsang  (kerongsang), 

513- 
krosi  (kerosi),  516. 
krosang  (kerongsang),  513 
krubong  (kerubong),  516. 
krumim  (kerumiin),  516. 
kruping  (keruping),  516. 
krusi  (kerusi),  516, 
krutu  (kerutu),  516. 
ku,  489,  542. 
kuala  (kuvvala),  543. 
kuali  (kuvvali),  543. 
kuang  (kuwang),  548. 
kuasa  (kuwasa),  542. 
kuat  (kuvvat),  543,  489. 
kuau,  551. 
kubal,  543. 
kubang,  543. 
kubis,  543. 
kubit,  543. 
kubong,  343. 
kubor,  543. 
kiibu,  543. 
kiibiir,  489. 

kuchai,  543. 
kuchil,  545. 
knching,  545. 
kuchir,  545, 
kuchup,  545. 
kuchiit,  545. 
kuda,  545. 
kudai,  546. 
kudal,  546. 
kudap,  546. 
kudi,  546. 
kudil,  546. 
kudis,  545. 
kudiyan,  508,  546. 
kudok,  546. 

kudong,  546. 
kudrat,  489. 
kudu,  54G. 
kudi^s,  489. 


kueh  (kuweh),  551. 
kufah,  548. 
kujau,  545. 
kujoiig,  545. 
kujor,  545. 
kujut,  544. 
kukang,  549, 
kukoh,  549. 
kukok,  549. 

kukong,  549, 

kukor,  549. 
I  kuku,  549. 
I  kukul,  549. 
I  kukup,  549. 
I  kukus,  549. 
:  kakut,  549. 

kul,  524. 

kula,  550. 

kulah,  530,  550. 

kulai,  550. 
:   kulakasar,  527. 

kuiang,  550. 

kulasentana,  550,  526. 

kulat,  550. 

kuli,  530. 

kuliling,  531, 
I   kulim,  550. 
:  kulit,  530. 
;   kulon,  550. 
;   kulor,  350. 
\  kulum,  550. 
!   kulun,  550. 
i   kiilup,  550. 
i   kulzum,  489. 

\  kuma,  530. 
I  kumai,  551. 
;   kumal,  331. 
I   kiiman,  551. 
j   kumat,  550. 
'   kumba,  332. 
I   kumbah,  534. 
I   kumbakara,  533. 
;   kumbang,  533. 
I  kumbar,  532. 
i  kumbara,  532. 
.   kumbas,  332. 
I  kiimbu,  533. 
i  kumi,  331. 

kumis,  351. 

kumkuma,  533. 

kumor,  331. 

kumpai,  335. 

kiimpal,  535. 

kiimpul,  335. 

kun,  536. 

kunang,  551. 

kunarpa,  541. 

kuncha,  538. 

kunchah, 539. 

kunchi,  340. 

kunchong,  539. 

kunchup,  539. 

kundai,  541. 

kundang,  340. 

kundor,  540. 

kungkum,  521. 

kuning,  551. 

kunjang,  538. 

kunjing,  538. 


KUNJIT 


[     xxviii     ] 


LANJANG 


kunjit  (kunjang),  538. 
kunjong,  538. 
kuntau,  538. 
kuntum,  537. 
kuntuwaiij  538. 
kunun,  551. 
kunyah,  552. 
kunyet,  552. 
kunyit,  552. 
kupang,  548. 
kupas,  548. 
kupat,  548. 
kupi,  548. 
kuping,  548. 
kupor,  548. 
kupu,  548. 
kur,'5o8. 
kura,  546. 
kurai,  547. 
kuran/489. 

kurapr547- 
kuras,  546. 


kurau,  547, 
kurban,  489. 
kuri,  547. 
kuripan,  518. 
kurkum,  514. 
kurkur,  514, 
kurnia  (kerniya),  515. 
kurong,  547. 
kurrasah,  509, 
kursi,  512. 
kurus,  546. 
kus,  518. 
kusa,  547. 
kusal,  547. 
kusam,  547. 
kusar,  547. 
kushkul,  520. 
kushti,  520. 
kusi,  547. 
kuskus,  519. 
kusta,  518. 
kusu,  547. 


kusus  (khusus),  547. 

kusut,  547.  * 
kut,  502. 
kutai,  544. 
kutang,  544. 
kuteri,  502. 
kuti,  544. 
kutib  (kutip),  544. 
kutil,  544. 
kutip,  544. 
kutok,  544. 

kutu,  544. 
kutub,  489. 

kutum,  544. 
kuwa,  542. 
kuwah,  551, 
kuwai,  552. 
kiiwak,  548. 

kuwal,  550. 
kuwala,  543, 
kuwali,  543. 
kiiwang,  548. 


kuwantong  (kantong),  537. 

kuwap,  548. 

kuwar,  546. 

kuwaran,  542. 

kiiwarik,  542. 

kuwas  (kuwis),  547. 

kuwasa,  542. 

kuwat,  489. 

kuwat,  543. 

kuwatir,  542. 

kuwayah,  543. 

kuweh,  551. 

kuwi,  552. 

kuwil,  550. 

kuwilu,  552. 

kuwing,  548. 

kuwini,  552. 

kuwit,  543. 

kuyong,  552. 

kiiyu,  552. 

kuyup,  552, 

kuyut,  552. 


L. 


La,  586. 
la*al,  599, 
la^anat,  599. 
laba,  586. 
labah,  587. 
labak,  586. 

labang,  586. 
laberang,  586. 
labi,  587. 
laboh,  587. 
labor,  586. 
labu,  587. 
Idbud,  586. 
lachak,  588* 

lachi,  "588. 
lada,  588. 
ladan,  588. 
ladang,  588. 
ladeh,  588. 
lading,  588. 
ladong,  588* 
ladu,  588. 
lafatl,  603. 
laga,  591. 
lagam,  591. 
lagang,  591. 
lagi,  591- 
lagikan,  605. 
lagu,  591. 
lah,  624. 
lahad,  598. 
lahang,  594. 
lahap,  594. 
lahar,  594. 
lahir,  594. 
lai,  624. 
laichi,  625. 
Mfk,  595. 
lain,  595. 


lais,  594. 
lajor,  588. 
laju,  588. 
lajuwardi,  588. 
laka,  590. 
laki,  591. 
lakin,  605. 
laklak,  604. 

lakom,  590. 
lakon,  590. 
lakor,  590. 
laksa,  604. 

laksamana,  604, 
laksana,  604. 
laku,  591. 
lakum,  590,  605. 
lakun,  590. 
lakyu,  605. 
lala,  591. 
lalah,  592. 
lalai,  592. 
lalak,  592. 

laiang,  592. 
lalat,  592. 
lalau,  592. 
lali,  592. 
lain,  592. 
mm,  592. 
lam,  606. 
lama,  592. 
laman,  593. 
lamang,  593. 
lamas,  593. 
lamat,  592, 
lambai,  609. 
lambak,  608. 

lambat,  607, 
lambSdak,  607. 


lambing,  607. 
lambok,  608. 
lambong,  607. 
lambor,  607. 
lambut,  607. 
lamin,  593. 
lamina,  611. 
lampai,  611. 
lampam,  610. 
lampan,  610. 
lampang,  610. 
lampar,  609. 
lampas,  610. 
lampat,  609. 
lampau,  611. 
lampedu,  609. 
lampenai,  610. 
lampenan,  610. 
lampin,  610. 
lampit,  609, 
lampo,  611. 
lampong,  610, 
lampu,  611. 
lamun,  593. 
Ian,  611. 
lanang,  593. 
lanar,  593. 
lanau,  593. 
lancha,  615. 
lanchang,  616. 
lanchap,  616. 
lanchar,  615. 
lanching,  616. 
lanchip,  616. 
lanchit,  615. 
lanchok,  616. 

lanchong,  616, 
lanchor,  615. 
lanchut,  615. 


landa,  616. 
landai,  617. 
landak,  617. 

landar,  616. 
landas,  617. 
landen,  617. 
landin,  617. 
landoh,  617, 
landong,  617. 
lang,  599. 
langai,  590. 
langau,  590. 
langgai,  603. 
langgam,  603. 
langgang,  602. 
langgeir,  602, 
langgas,  602. 
langgowan,  603. 
langir,  590. 
langit,  589. 
langkah,  602. 
langkan,  601. 
langkang,  601. 
langkap,  601. 
langkas,  601. 
langkat,  600. 
langkau,  601. 
langkup,  601. 
langlang,  603. 
langon,  590. 
langsai,  600. 
langsar,  600. 
langsat,  599. 
langsi,  600. 
langsing,  600. 
langsit,  600. 
langsong,  600. 
langut,  589. 
lanjang,  615. 


LANJAR 


[    xxix    ] 


LfiNQA 


lanjar,  615. 
lanjok,  615. 

lanjong,  615. 
lanjor,  615. 
lanjut,  615. 
lansai,  618. 
lansar,  618. 
lansat,  617, 
lansi,  618. 
lansing,  618. 
lansong,  618. 
lantah,  614. 
lantai,  614, 
lantak,  613. 

lantang,  612. 
lantar,  612. 
lantas,  612, 
lantek,  613. 

lanten,  614. 
lantera,  614. 
lantin,  614. 
lanting,  612. 
lantong,  612. 
lanun,  593. 
lanyah,  595. 
lanyak,  595. 

lanyau,  595. 
lap,  603. 
lapah,  590. 
lapang,  590. 
lapar,  590. 
lapek,  590. 

lapis,  590. 
lapok,  590. 
lar,  598. 
lara,  588. 
larah,  589. 
larak,  589. 

larang,  589. 
larap,  589. 
laras,  589. 
larat,  588. 
larau,  589. 
larek,  589, 

lari,  589. 
laris,  589. 
larong,  589. 
laru,  589. 
larut,  589. 
las,  598, 
lasa,  589. 
lasah,  589. 
lasak,  589. 

lashkar,  599. 

laskar  (lashkar),  599. 

lasom,  589. 

lasu,  589. 

lasum,  589. 

lat,  587. 

lat,  596. 

lata,  587. 

latah,  587. 

latam,  587. 

lateh,  588. 

lati,  588. 

latif,  599. 

latok,  587. 


j  lau,  618. 
I  lauk,  593. 

j  laun,  593. 
I  laung,  593. 
I  ^aut,  593. 
I   lawa,  593. 

lawah,  594. 

lawak,  593. 

lawan,  594. 
lawang,  593. 
lawar,  593. 
lawas,  593. 
lawat,  593. 
lawi,  594. 
layah,  595. 
layak,  594. 

layam,  595. 
layan,  595. 
layang,  594. 
layap,  594. 
layar,  594. 
layon,  595. 
layor,  594. 
layu,  595; 
lazawardi,  598. 
lazim,  589. 
lazuwardi,  589. 
lebah,  596. 
lebai,  596. 
lebak,  596. 

lebam,  596. 
lebam,  624. 
leban,  596. 
lebang,  596. 
lebap,  596. 
lebar,  595. 
lebar,  624. 
lebaran,  595. 
lebat,  595. 
lebeh,  596. 
leboh,  596. 
lebok  (lebak),  596. 

lebong,  596. 
lebor,  595. 
lebii,  596. 
lebum,  596. 
lebun,  596. 
lebup  (lebap),  596. 
lecha,  597. 
lechah,  598. 
lechak,  597. 

lechak,  625. 

lechap,  597, 
lechar,  597. 
lechas,  597. 
lechat,  597. 
lecheh,  625. 
lechek,  625. 

lechek,  597. 

lecher,  625. 
lechet,  625. 
lechit,  597. 
lechoh,  598. 
lechok,  625. 

lechok  (lechak),  597. 

lechor,  597. 
lechup,  597. 


I  lechut,  597. 
I   ledang,  598. 
I  ledang,  625. 
I   leding,  598. 
I  ledong,  598. 
I  ledzdzat,  598. 
I  %a,  605. 
I   legam,  605. 
I  legap,  605. 
j   legar,  628. 
I   legas,  605. 

legat,  605, 

legen,  605. 

legong,  605. 

legor,  605. 

legu,  605. 

legum,  605. 

legundi,  605. 

legup  (legap),  605. 

leha,  630. 

leher,  630. 

lejang,  597. 

lejar,  597. 

leka,  628. 

leka,  604. 

lekah,  605. 

lekak  (lekok),  605. 

lekak,  628. 

lekam,  605. 
lekang,  605. 
lekap,  605. 
lekar,  605. 
lekas,  605. 
lekat,  604. 
lekeh,  605. 
lekeh,  628. 
lekir,  605. 
lekis,  605. 
lekit,  605. 
lekoh,  605. 
lekok,  605. 

lekon,  605. 
lekong,  605. 
lekor,  628. 
lekii,  605. 
lekup,  605. 
lela,  628. 
lelaba,  606. 
lelah,  606. 
lelai,  606. 
lelak,  606. 

lelaki,  606. 
lelakon,  606. 
lelang,  629. 
lelangit,  606, 
lelangon,  606. 
lelap,  606. 
lelar,  606. 
lelas,  606. 
lelat,  606. 
lelayang,  606, 
lele,  629. 
leleh,  629. 
lelek,  629. 

lelepek,  606. 

leler,  629. 
lelewa,  606. 
lelomba,  606. 


lelong,  629. 
lemah,  611. 
lemak,  611. 

leman,  629. 
lemang,  609. 
lemari,  606. 
lemas,  609. 
lemau,  611. 
lemba,  606. 
lembaga,  606. 
lembah,  608. 
lembak,  608. 

lembam,  608. 
lembang,  607. 
lembang,  607. 
lembap,  608. 
lembar,  607. 
lembat,  607. 
lembayong,  606, 
lembega,  609. 
lembek,  608. 

lembek,  608. 

lembeng,  607. 
lembing,  607. 
lembong,  608. 
lemboyan,  608. 
lembu,  608. 
lembut,  607. 
lembuwana,  608. 
lembuwara,  6o8» 
lemidang,  611. 
lempai,  611. 
lempang,  610. 
lempang,  610. 
lempar,  610. 
lempaung,  609. 
lempedal,  609. 
lempedu,  609. 
lempeh,  611. 
lempek,  610. 
lempeng,  610. 
lemping,  610. 
lempok,  610. 

lempong,  610. 
I   lempong,  610. 
lempoyan,  611. 
lempoyang,  611. 
lempunai,  611. 
lemukok,  611. 

lemukut,  611. 
lemuwas,  611. 
lena,  630. 
lenang,  630. 
lenchah,  616. 
lenchas,  616. 
lenchit,  615. 
lenchong,  616. 
lenchun,  616. 
lendat,  616. 
lendeh,  617. 
lender,  616. 
lendip,  617. 
lendir,  616* 
lendong,  617. 
lendut,  616. 
leng,  599. 
lenga,  627. 
lenga,  599. 


LENQAH 


[       XXX       ] 


LOKLEK 


lengah,  627. 
lengai,  603. 
lengan,  603. 
lengang,  600. 
lengar,  627. 
lengar,  599. 
lengas,  627. 
lengas,  599. 
lengat,  599. 
lenggada,  602. 
lenggak,  603. 

lenggana,  602. 
lenggang,  602. 
lenggang,  602. 
lenggar,  602. 
lenggoh,  603. 
lenggok,  603. 
lenggundi,  603. 
lengit,  599. 
lengkah,  602. 
lengkai,  602. 
lengkak,  601. 

lengkang,  601. 
lengkap,  601. 
lengkar,  600. 
lengkara,  600. 
lengkayan,  600. 
lengkeiig,  601. 
lengkitang,  602. 
lengkiyang,  602. 
lengkok,  601. 

lengkong,  601. 
lengkong,  601. 
lengkor,  600. 
lengkoyan,  602. 
lengkuwas,  601. 
lengoh,  603, 
lengong,  600. 
lengsan,  600. 
lengser,  600. 
lengset,  600. 
lening,  618. 
lenja,  614. 
lenja,  614. 
lenjan,  615. 
lenjar,  615. 
lenjer,  615. 
lenjuwang,  615. 
lennyak,  618. 

lennyap,  618. 
lennyau,  618. 
lennyeh,  618. 
lenong,  618. 
lenser,  618. 
lenset,  617. 
lentam,  614. 
lentang,  612. 
lentang,  613. 
lente,  614. 
lenteh,  614. 
lentek,  614. 

lenting,  613. 
lentir,  612. 
lentok,  614. 

lentok,  614. 

lentong,  613. 
lentor,  612. 
lentul,  614. 


lentum  (lentam),  614. 
lepa,  603, 
lepa,  627. 
lepak,  628. 

lepak,  604. 

lepang,  604. 
lepar,  627. 
lepas,  603. 
lepat,  603. 
lepau,  604. 
lepeh,  604, 
lepek,  604. 
leper,  627. 
lepoh,  628. 
lepoh,  604. 
lepok,  604. 

lepong,  604. 
lepor,  603. 
lepu,  604. 
lera,  626. 
lerah,  598. 
lerai,  598. 
lerak,  598. 

leram,  598. 
lerang,  626. 
lerap,  626. 
leras,  598. 
lerek,  598. 

lerek,  626. 
lereng,  626. 
leret,  626. 
lerum,  598. 
lerus  (leras),  598. 
lesak,  599. 

lesap,  598. 
lesar,  598. 
leseh,  626. 
leser,  626. 
leset,  626. 
lesi,  599. 
lesing,  598. 
lesir,  598. 
lesit,  598. 
lesok,  (lesak),  599. 

lesong,^598, 
lesor  (lesar),  598. 
lestaka,  598. 
lesu,  599, 
lesut,  598. 
lesut,  626. 
leta,  596. 
letak,  597. 

letak,  625. 
letam  (letum),  597. 
letang,  596. 
letap,  597. 
letas,  596. 
leteh,  597. 
letek,  597. 

later,  624. 
leting,  597. 
letis,  596. 
letok,  597. 

letong,  597, 
letum,  597. 
letup,  597- 
let  us  (letas),  596. 


lewar,  630, 

lewat,  630. 

liang  (liyang),  626. 

liar  (liyar),  626. 

lias  (liyas),  626. 

liat  (liyat),  624. 

liau  (liyau),  628. 

lichau,  625. 

lichek,  625. 

lichi,  625. 

lichin,  625. 

lidah,  625. 

lidal,  625. 
!   lidas,  625. 
I   lidi,  626. 
i   ligar,  628. 

ligas,  628. 

ligat,  628. 

ligi,  628. 

lihat,  630. 

lika,  604, 

likas,  628- 

likat,  628. 

liku,  628. 

lilang,  629, 
i  lilau,  629. 
I  lilin,  629. 
I  lilir,  629. 
I   lilit,  629. 
I   lillahi,  606. 

lima,  629. 

liman,  629. 

limar,  629. 

limas,  629. 

limau,  629. 

limbah,  608. 

limbai,  609. 

limbang,  607. 

limbok,  608. 

limbong,  608. 

limbor,  607. 

limor,  629. 

limpa,  609. 

limpah,  611, 

limpat,  609. 

limun,  629. 

linau,  630. 

linchah,  616. 
I  linchin,  616. 
I  linchun,  616. 
I  lindong,  617. 
I  lindu,  617, 
;  lingar,  627. 
I  lingas,  627. 
i  lingga,  602. 
i  linggam,  603. 
:  linggi,  603. 
i  linggis,  602. 
!  lingkang,  601. 
j  lingkap,  601. 
i  lingkar,  600. 
I  lingkas,  601. 

lingkong,  601. 

lingkup,  601. 

lingsir,  600, 

linsir,  618. 

lintah,  614. 

lintang,  613, 

lintap,  613. 


i  lintar,  612. 

lintas,  612. 

linting,  613. 

lintoh,  614. 

lintup  (litup),  625. 

linus,  630. 
I   linyang,  630. 
j  linyar,  630. 
1  liok  (liyok),  628. 

1  lior  (liyor),  626. 

I  lipan,  628, 

!  lipas,  627. 

;  lipat,  627. 

\  lipis,  628. 

I  lipit,  627. 

;  lipor,  627. 

I  liput,  627. 

!  liru,  626. 

I  lis,  598- 
I  lisah,  626. 
I   lisan,  598, 

lisani,  598. 

lisu,  626. 

lisut,  626. 

Utah,  625. 

litup,  625. 

liut  (liyut),  624. 

liwat,  618. 

liyang,  626. 

liyar,  626. 

liyas,  626. 
I  liyat,  624. 
I  liyau,  630. 
:   liyok,  628. 

i  liyong,  626. 

liyor,  626. 

;  liyu,  630. 

:  livut,  624. 

i  lo,  618. 

i  loba,  618. 

i  lobak,  618. 

I   loban,  618. 
I   lobang,  618. 
i   lobok,  618. 

lochak,  619. 

\  locheng,  619, 
'  lochok,  619. 

\  lo'chuan,  619. 
;  lodan,  620. 
;  lodeh,  620. 

lodoh,  620. 
;  loga,  622. 

logam,  622. 

loh,  619. 

lohor,  624. 
\   lohut,  624. 

loji,  619. 

;    lok,  604. 

loka,  622. 

lokah,  622. 

lokan,  622. 

lokap,  622, 

lokar,  622, 
!  lokat,  622. 
i  lokek,  622. 

;   loki,  622. 

I  loklek,  604. 


LOKLOK 


[     xxxi     ] 


MAHKOTA 


loklok,  604. 

lokos,  622. 
lolak,  623. 

lo'lo\  623. 
lolok,  623. 
lo'lok,  623. 
lolong,  623. 
lolos,  623. 
lomba,  606. 
lombong,  608. 
lomor,  623. 
lomos,  624. 
lompang,  610. 
lompat,  609. 
lonak,  624. 

lonchat,  615, 
lonchok,  616. 

lonchos,  616. 
londang,  617. 
londeh,  617. 
long,  599- 
longgak,  603. 

longgar,  602. 
longgok,  603. 

longkah,  602. 
longkang,  601. 
longkum,  601. 
longlai,  603. 
longsen,  600. 
longsin,  600. 
longsor,  600. 
lonja,  614. 
lonjak,  615. 
lonjong,  615. 
lonnyai,  618. 
lonsen,  618. 
lonsin,  618, 
lonsor,  618. 
lonta,  612. 
lontar,  6i2. 
lonte,  614. 
lonteh,  614, 
lontok,  614. 

lontos,  612. 
lonyah,  624. 
lonyai,  624. 


lopak,  621. 
lopek,  621. 

lopis,  621. 
lor,  598. 
lorah,  620. 
lorek,  620. 
lorong,  620. 
loros,  620. 
losen,  621. 
losin,  621. 
losong,  621. 
lot,  596. 
lota,  618. 
lotang,  6ig. 
lotar,  619. 
lotek,  6ig. 

loteng,  6ig. 
loterai,  619. 
loteri,  619. 
loting,  619. 
lotong,  619. 
loya,  624, 
loyak,  624, 

loyang,  624. 

loyar,  624. 

loyong,  624. 

loyut,  624. 

lu,  618. 

luak  (luwak),  623. 

luan  (luwan),  624. 
luang  (luwang),  621. 
luar  (luwar),  620. 
luas  (luwas),  621. 
luat  (luwat),  618. 
luban,  595. 
lubok,  618. 

lubor,  618. 
lucha,  619. 
luchas,  619. 
luchu,  619. 
luchut,  619. 
ludah,  620. 
ludan,  620. 
ludang,  620. 
luding,  620. 
lugas,  622. 
lughat,  599. 


lugu,  622. 
Ith,  6ig. 
luhak,  624. 

lui,  624. 
lujah,  597. 
lujau,  619. 
lujor,  619. 
luka,  622. 
lukah,  622. 
lukis,  622. 
luklak,  604, 

luku,  622. 
lukup,  622, 
lukus,  622. 
lukut,  622. 
lulah,  623. 
luli,  623. 
luloh,  623. 
lulor,  622. 
lulu,  623. 
lulum,  623. 
lulus,  623. 
lulut,  622. 
lum,  606. 
lumak,  624. 
lumang,  624. 
lumat,  623. 
lumbah,  609. 
lumbong,  608. 
lumor,  623. 
Inmpoh,  611, 
lumpor,  610. 
lumu,  624. 
lumus,  624, 
lumut,  623. 
lunas,  624. 
lunchang,  616. 
lunchas,  616. 
lunchip,  616. 
lunchor,  615. 
lundu,  617. 
lunggok,  603. 

lunggu,  603. 
lungkum,  601. 
lungkup,  601. 
lungsor,  600. 
lunjak,  615. 


lunjong,  615. 
lunjor,  615. 
lunsor,  618. 
luntang,  613, 
luntas,  612. 
luntok,  614. 

luntor,  612. 
lunyah,  624, 
lup,  603. 
lupa,  621. 
lupas,  621. 
lupat,  621. 
lupi,  622. 
lupoh,  621. 
luput,  621. 
lurah,  620. 
luri,  621. 
luroh,  621. 
luru,  620. 
lurup,  620. 
lurus,  620, 
lurut,  620. 
lus  (las),  598. 
lusa,  621. 
lusoh,  621. 
Itit,  621. 

lut,  596. 
luti,  619. 
lutong,  619, 
lutu,  619. 
lutut,  619. 
luwah,  624. 
luwak,  622. 
luwan,  624. 
luwang,  621. 
luwar,  620. 
luwas,  621, 
luwat,  618. 
luweh,  624. 
luwek,  622. 
luwi,  624. 
luwih,  624. 
luyu,  624. 
luyut,  624. 


M. 


Ma,  630. 
ma',  631. 
ma*af,  649. 
ma'alim,  649, 
mabai,  631. 
mabok,  631. 

macha,  633. 
macham,  633. 
machan,  633. 
machang  633. 
machis,  633. 
mad  ah,  642. 
madah,  633. 


madali,  642. 
madam,  633. 
madat,  633. 
madd,  642. 
maddah,  643. 
madinah,  643. 
madras,  642. 
madrasah,  642. 
madu,  633. 
madzbah,  643. 
madzbtih,  643. 
madzhab,  643. 
madzi,  643. 


madzktir,  643. 
mafhiim,  652, 
magang,  636. 
magat,  636. 
magel,  636. 
maghlfib,  650. 
maghrabi,  650. 
maghrib,  650. 
magindanau,  653. 
magon,  636. 
maha,  639,  665. 
mahakota,  665. 
mahal,  639, 


mahaligai,  665. 
mahang,  639. 
mahap,  639. 
mahar,  665. 
mahdi,  665, 
mahesa,  665. 
mahfutl,  642. 
mahidin,  642. 
mahir,  639. 
mahir,  665. 
mahisa,  665. 
mahkamah,  642. 
mahkota,  665. 


ft 


mahmCtd 


[    xxxii    ] 


MAYAPADA 


mahmtid,  642. 
mahshar,  642. 
mahu,  639. 
mahung,  639. 
maidah,  640. 
maidan  (medan),  665. 
mail,  640. 
maimiin,  667. 
main,  640. 
mait,  665. 
wiaja,  633, 
majakani,  641. 
majal,  633. 
majistret,  641, 
majlis,  641. 
majma'at,  641. 
majmfi*,  641. 
majnun,  641. 
majoh,  633. 
maju,  633. 
mk]ix},  633. 
majum,  633. 
ma*jtan,  649. 
maj6si,  641. 
mak,  652. 

maka,  653. 
makam,  635, 
makam,  652. 

makan,  635. 
makar,  635,  653. 
makas,  635. 
makau,  635. 
makbtil,  652. 
makeh,  635. 
makhd6m,  642. 
makhltik,  642. 
maki,  635. 
makin,  635. 
makota,  653. 
makrdh,  653. 
maksM,  652. 

maktab,  653. 
makt6b,  653. 
ma*k6l,  649. 

nial,'653. 
m41,  636. 
mala,  636. 
malabari,  654. 
malah,  637. 
malai,  637. 
malaikat,  653. 
malak,  654. 
malikat,  653. 
malam,  637. 
malan,  637. 
malang,  636. 
malap,  637. 
malapari,  654. 
malar,  636. 
malas,  636. 
malau,  637. 
mala*On,  654* 
maleh,  637, 
mali,  637. 
maligai,  637. 
maligan,  637. 
malik,  637. 
malim,  637. 


maling,  636. 
malis,  636. 
malong,  636. 
malu,  637. 
ma*16m,  649. 
malum,  637. 
maP6n,  654. 
mam,  655. 
mama,  637. 
mamah,  638. 
mamai,  638. 
mamak,  637. 

mamam  (mamang),  637. 
maman,  638. 
mamanda,  656. 
mamang,  637. 
mam  at,  637. 
mambang,  655. 
mambong,  655. 
mambu,  655. 
mamdud,  655. 
mamek,  638. 

mamlakat,  656. 
maml6k,  656. 
mamong,  637. 
mampat,  655. 
mampong,  655. 
mampai,  656. 
mampu,  656. 
mampus,  655. 
mamii,  638. 
mdm6n,  638. 
mamun,  638. 
ma'mtir,  650. 
man,  656. 
ma*na,  650. 
mana,  638. 
manah,  639. 
manai,  639, 
manan,  638, 
manan,  656. 
manarah,  656. 
manau,  639. 
manchang,  658. 
manchawarna,  658. 
manchit,  658. 
manchong,  658. 
manda,  658. 
mandab,  658. 
mandai,  659. 
mandam,  659. 
mandang,  658, 
mandarsah,  658. 
mandi,  659. 
mandil,  659. 
mandong,  659. 
mandor,  658. 
mandul,  659. 
manduleka,  659. 
manek,  638. 

manera,  660. 
manfa'at,  660. 
mangap,  635. 
mangas,  635. 
mangau,  635. 
mangga,  651. 
manggar,  651. 
manggi,  651. 
manggis,  651. 


manggista,  651. 
manggul,  651. 
manggustan,  651. 
mangka,  653. 
mangkah,  651. 
mangkar,  650. 
mangkara,  650. 
mangkas,  651. 
mangkat,  650. 
mangkeh,  651. 
mangkin,  651. 
mangkok,  651. 

mangkubumi,  650. 
mangmang,  651. 
mangsa,  650. 
mangsi,  650. 
mangu,  635. 
mani,  639. 
mani,  660. 
mini',  638. 
manik,  638. 

manikam,  638. 
manira,  660. 
manis,  638. 
manja,  658. 
manjakani,  658. 
manjalawai,  658. 
manjapada,  658. 
manjong,  658. 
manok,  638. 

manora,  660. 
manstir,  659. 

mantega,  657. 
mantera,  657. 
manteri,  657. 
mantik,  659. 

manu,  639. 
manusiya,  638. 
manyan,  640. 
manyar,  640. 
manzil,  659. 
manzilat,  659. 
mapar,  635. 
mara,  633. 
marabehaya,  643. 
marah,  634. 
marak,  634. 

maras,  634. 
marbfit,  643. 

march,  644. 
mardin,  644. 
mareka,  646. 
marga,  645. 
marghtib,  644. 
marhflm,  644. 
mari,  634. 
ma'rifat,  649. 
marika,  646. 
marikh,  646. 
marja*,  644. 
marjdn,  644. 
marka,  645, 
markah,  645. 
marr,  643. 
martabat,  644. 
martel,  644. 
maru,  634. 
ma*rfif,  649. 


marut,  634. 
maryam,  646. 
mas,  646. 
masa,  634. 
mas^'alah,  646. 
masai,  635. 
masd'il,  647. 
masak,  634. 

masakan,  646. 
masam,  634. 
masalli,  649. 

masarrat,  647. 
maseh,  634. 
mashawarat,  648. 
mashghul,  648. 
mashhxir,  648. 
mashrik,  648. 
ma'shtaic,  649. 

masi,  635. 
masih,  634. 
masih,  648. 
masihi,  648. 
masin,  634. 
masing,  634. 
ma*siyat,  649. 

masjid,  647. 
maskat,  648. 
maskharah,  647. 
maski,  648. 
maslahat,  649. 

masnad,  648. 
masok,  634. 

masta,  647. 
mastul  (mastuli),  647, 
mastuli,  647, 
masu,  634. 
mat,  640. 
mata,  631. 
mat^S  641. 
matab,  632. 
matabi,  640. 
matah,  632. 
matahari,  641. 
matang,  632. 
mateng,  632. 
materos,  641, 
mathnawi,  641. 
mati,  632. 
matltib,  649. 

man,  639. 
maujud,  661. 
maukif,  663. 

maulana,  664. 
maulid,  664. 
mauliya,  664. 
maulM,  664. 
maung,  639. 
maut,  660. 
mauz,  662. 
mawa,  639. 
mawar,  639. 
mawas,  639. 
mawin,  639. 
maya,  639. 
may  am,  640. 
mayang,  640. 
mayapada,  640, 


MAYAR 


[     xxxiii     ] 


MiRUNGGAI 


mayar,  640. 
mayas,  640. 
mayat,  639, 
mayau,  640. 
mayo,  640. 
mayong,  640. 
ma'yong,  640. 
mayor,  640. 
mazm^r,  646. 
medak,  643. 

medan,  665. 
medang,  642, 
medangga,  643. 
medanggi,  643. 
medu,  643. 
me*eraj,  649. 
me'erat,  649. 
mega,  666. 
megah,  653. 
megak,  653. 

megan,  666. 
megar,  653. 
megat,  653. 
meja,  665. 
mejah,  665. 
mejam,  641. 
mejan,  665. 
mejelis,  641. 
mejera,  641. 
mek,  652. 

meka,  666. 
mekar,  653. 
mekek,  653. 

mekga,  652. 
mekis,  653. 
mekmek,  652. 

mekmulong,  652. 
mekseni,  652. 
mekteng,  652. 
mekula,  653. 
mel,  667. 
melainkan,  653. 
melaka,  653. 
melambang,  654. 
melang,  654. 
melangbang,  654. 
melarat,  653. 
melas,  654. 
melati,  653. 
melawah,  653. 
melayu,  654. 
melebera,  654. 
melek,  654. 

melela,  654. 
meleng,  667. 
meleng,  654. 
meletir,  654. 
melilin,  654, 
melimau,  654. 
melimun,  654. 
melit,  654. 
melkiwi,  654, 
melokan,  654. 
melong,  654. 
melor,  654. 
melukut,  654. 
mem,  655. 


memali,  655. 
memang,  667. 
memang,  655. 
memar,  655. 
membachang,  655, 
membalau,  655. 
memberang,  655. 
membolong,  655. 
membor,  655, 
memek,  667. 

memerang,  655. 
memidai,  656. 
memota,  656. 
mempas,  655. 
mempaga,  655. 
mempaus,  655. 
mempedal,  655. 
mempedu,  655. 
mempelai,  656. 
mempelam,  656. 
mempelas,   655. 
mempelasari,  656. 
mempele,  656. 
mempening,  656. 
mempiteh,  656. 
mempulor,  656. 
mempusi,  656. 
memubang,  656. 
mena,  656. 
menahagu,  660. 
menalu,  656. 
menang,  659. 
menangkabau,  660. 
menantu,  660. 
menara  (manarah),  656. 
menatu,  656. 
menchak,  658. 

menching,  658. 
menchit,  658. 
mendam,  659. 
mendapa,  658. 
mendarah,  658. 
mendarong,  658. 
mendeleka,  659. 
mendeli,  659. 
mendera,  658. 
mendera,  659. 
menderas,  658. 
menderong,  658. 
mendikai,  659. 
mendong,  659. 
mendora,  659. 
mendu,  659. 
mendusta,  658. 
menera,  660. 
menerong,  659. 
mengah,  652. 
mengeh,  652. 
mengerna,  650. 
menggada,  651. 
mengkai,  651. 
mengkal,  651. 
mengkala,  650. 
mengkalai,  650. 
mengkapas,  650. 
mengkarong,  650. 
mengkas,  651. 
mengkasar,  650. 
mengkawan,  650. 


mengkawang,  650. 
mengkelah,  651. 
mengkelan,  651. 
mengkerang,  651. 
mengkis,  651, 
mengkong,  651. 
mengkoyan,  651. 
mengkuang  (mengkuwang), 

651. 
mengkudu,  651. 
mengkuli,  651. 
mengkunyet,  651. 
mengkuwang,  651. 
mengsu,  650. 
mengut,  666. 
menikai,  660. 
menila,  660. 
meninga,  660. 
meniran,  660. 
meniyaga,  660. 
menjak,  658. 

menjana,  658. 
menjangan,  658. 
menjelai,  658. 
menjelis,  658, 
mennyan,  660. 
menong,  660. 
menora,  660. 
mensalang,  659. 
menserah,  659. 
menta,  656. 
mentagi,  657, 
mentah,  657. 
mentang,  657. 
mentangor,  657. 
mentapai,  657. 
mentarang,  657. 
mentaus,  657. 
mentelah,  657. 
mentera,  657. 
menteri,  657. 
mentigi,  657. 
mentimun,  657. 
mentong,  657. 
mentor,  657. 
mentora,  657. 
mentulang,  657. 
mentuwa,  657. 
menyuwarat,  668. 
mepaga,  652. 
mepas,  652. 
meper,  666. 
meraga,  643. 
meragi,  643. 
merah,  646. 
merah,  666. 
merahat,  643. 
merak,  645, 

merakkap,  645. 
meral,  645. 
merambai,  646. 
merang,  644. 
merangsi,  644. 
merangu,  643. 
mSranti,  646. 
merawan,  643. 
merbah,  643. 
merbak,  643. 

merbakau,  643. 


merbatu,  643. 
merbau,  643. 
merbaya,  643. 
merbehaya,  643. 
merbekang,  643. 
merbikang,  643. 
merbulan,  643. 
merbuloh,  643. 
mercha,  644. 
merchali,  644. 
merchapada,  644. 
merchu,  644, 
merchun,  644. 
merdahika,  644. 
merdangga,  644. 
merdanggi,  644. 
merdeheka,  644. 
merdu,  644. 
merebah,  643. 
merebak,  643. 

merebok,  643. 
mereh,  644. 

mereh,  646. 
merekah,  645. 
merekap,  645. 
merela,  645. 
merelang,  645. 
mereng,  666. 
merepati,  645. 
meresek,  644. 

merga,  645. 

mergestua  (merga),  645. 
mergok,  645. 

mericha,  646. 
merikan,  646. 
merinyu,  646. 
merit,  644. 
meriyam,  646. 
merjagong,  644. 
merjali,  644. 
merjan,  644. 
merkubang,  645. 
merkuli,  645, 
merkunyet,  645. 
merlilin,  645. 
merlimau,  645. 
merlokan,  645. 
merombong,  645. 
meroyan,  646. 
merpadi,  645. 
merpantai,  645. 
merpati,  645. 
merpayang,  645. 
merpelam,  645. 
merpisang,  645. 
merpitis,  645. 
merpul,  645. 
merpusing,  645. 
merpuying,  645. 
mersuji,  644. 
merta,  643. 
mertajam,  644. 
mertala,  644. 
mertambak,  644. 

mertapal,  644. 
mertuwa,  644. 
merubi,  646. 
merunggai,  644. 


MiRUWAH 


[     xxxiv     ] 


MUYU 


mSruwah,  646. 

meryam,  646. 

mesa,  666. 

mesak,  648. 

mesarong,  646. 

mesegit,  648. 

mesejid,  647. 

meselang,  648. 

mesem,  666. 

mesera,  647. 

mesbuarat      (mashiwarat), 

.  .648. 
mesigit,  648* 
mesirah,  648. 
mesiyu,  648, 
meski,  648. 
mesta,  647. 
mestad,  647. 
mesteri,  647. 
mesti,  647. 
mestika,  647. 
mesuwara,  648. 
mesuwi,  648. 
meswi,  648. 
meta,  640. 
metah,  641. 
metai,  641. 
metapal,  641. 
meteri,  641. 
meterus,  641. 
metigi,  641. 
metu,  641. 
metulang,  641. 
mewah,  667. 
mewek,  667. 

miang  (miyang),  666. 
midar,  665. 
mihrib,  642. 
mika,  666. 
mik4il,  666. 
milam,  667, 
milek,  667. 
milir,  667. 
milkj  654. 
mim,  667. 
mimpi,  656. 
min,  656. 
mina,  667. 
minah,  667. 
minarah,  656. 
minat,  667. 
minbar,  656. 
minggu,  651. 
mingkai,  651, 
minit,  667. 
minta,  657. 
mintak,  659. 
mintaraga,  657. 
minum,  667. 
minyak,  667. 
mipis,  666. 
mirah,  666. 
mirat,  643. 
miring,  666. 
misa,  666. 
misai,  666. 


misan,  666. 
misbdh,  648. 

mising,  666. 
miskin,  648. 
misoh,  666. 
misr,  648. 

misri,  649. 
misru,  647. 
misrun  (misru),  647. 
mistar,  648. 

mistar,  647. 
mitai,  665. 
mithal,  641. 
mithkal,  641. 
miyak,  666. 

miyang,  666. 
miyap,  666. 
mo,  660. 
modal,  661. 
modar,  661. 
modin,  661. 
moga,  663. 
mob,  665. 
mobun,  664. 
mobur,  664. 
mokmit,  652. 

mola,  663. 
molek,  664. 

molong,  664. 
molos,  664. 
momit,  664. 
mo'mok,  664. 

momong,  664. 
monchol,  658. 
moncbong,  658. 
mondok,  659. 

mong,  650. 
monggok,  651. 

monggoi,  651. 
monggor,  651. 
mongkok,  651. 

mongkor,  650. 
mongmong,  652. 
mongsang,  650, 
monsang,  659. 
montok,  657. 

monyeh,  665. 

monyes,  665. 

monyet,  664. 

monyos,  665. 

mopeng,  663. 

morab,  662. 

morang,  661. 

moreng,  661. 

morong,  662. 

mot,  640. 

mota,  660. 

mo*tabar  (mu^tabir),  649. 

moyang,  664. 

moyangda,  664. 

moyong,  664. 

mozab,  662, 

mu,  660. 

mual  (muwal),  663. 

mu*alim,  649. 

muara  (muwara),  660. 


I  muat  (muwat),  661. 
!  mu'atltlam,  649. 
;  mnbdrak,  640. 
!  mubut,  660. 

muchab,  641. 
;  muda,  661. 
;  mudab,  661. 

muddat,  642. 

mudek,  661. 

I  mudelli,  643. 
mudi,  661. 
mudlarat,  649. 
mudlgbat,  649. 
mudzakkar,  643. 
mufarakat,  632. 
muftrik,  652. 
mufti,  652. 
mugab,  663. 
mugbal,  650. 
muhabbat,  641. 
muhallil,  642. 
muhammad,  642. 
muhammadiyyab,  642. 
muharram,  642. 
muhtasbam,  641. 
mujallat,  641. 
mujarbat,  641. 
mujarrab,  641. 
mu*jizat,  649. 
mujor,  661. 
muka,  663. 
mukaddas,  652. 
mukab,  663. 
mukarram,  663, 
mukim,  663. 
mukim,  652. 

mukun,  663. 
mukuti,  653. 
mulas,  664. 
mulbam,  654. 
muliya,  654, 
mulor,  664. 
muluk,  654. 
mulut,  664. 
mumal,  664. 
mumba,  655. 
mumbang,  655. 
mumbong,  655. 
mtimin,  664. 
mumit,  664. 
mumkin,  656. 
mumut,  664. 
munafik,  656. 
munajat,  656. 
munajim,  658. 
muncbong,  658. 
mundam,  659. 
mundor,  658. 
mundu,  659. 
mungam,  663. 
munggu,  651. 
mungkir,  651. 
mungkum,  651. 
mungsi,  650. 
mungut,  663. 
munil,  664. 


munkar,  660. 
munkir,  660. 
munsbi,  659. 
muntab,  657. 
munteri,  657. 
muntok,  657. 

mupakat,  652. 
mura,  661. 
murad,  643. 
murab,  662. 
murai,  662. 
murakkab,  645. 
murd,  661. 
muri,  662. 
murid,  646. 
muris,  661. 
murka,  645. 
murr,  643, 
mursal,  644. 
murtad,  644. 
murup,  662. 
musa,  663. 
musdfir,  646. 
musang,  662. 
musara,  646, 
musbarak,  668. 
musb^rakat,  647. 
mushkil,  648. 
musbrik,  648. 

musbtari,  648. 
musi,  663. 
musim,  662. 
muslibat,  649. 
muslim,  648. 
musob,  663. 
mustafa,  649. 
mustahakk,  647. 
mustahil,  647. 
musta'id,  647. 
mustaj&b,  647. 
mustakim,  647. 

mustapa,  647. 
mustika,  647. 
muHabir,  649. 
mutMa'at,  649. 
mutibara,  641. 
mutiya,  641. 
mutiyara,  641. 
mutlak,  649. 
muttu,  641. 
mutu,  661. 
muwa,  660. 
muwadzdzin,  661. 
muw&fakat,  660. 
muwai,  664. 
muwak,  663. 
muwal,  663. 
muwara,  660. 
muwat,  661. 
muyu,  664. 


nA 


[       XXXV       ] 


NYAMAN 


N,  NG,  NY. 


Na,  668. 
na*am,  673. 
na'&m,  673. 
nabi,  668. 
nabi,  671. 
nabiyah,  671. 
nadar,  668. 
nadi,  668. 
nadir,  668, 
nAdirat,  668. 
nadlar,  672. 
nadzar,  672. 
nafakah,  673. 
nafas,  673. 
nafi,  673. 
n&fiS  669. 
nafiri,  673. 
nafsi,  673, 
nafsiyah,  673. 
nafsu,  673. 
naga,  670. 
nagasari,  670,  674. 
nah,  676. 
nahak,  671, 

nahas,  671. 
nahas,  671. 
nahi,  676. 
nahu,  672. 
naib,  671. 
naik,  671. 
na'im,  673. 
najasat,  671. 
najis,  671. 
najm,  671. 
nak,  673. 

naka,  669. 
nakal,  669. 
nakam,  670. 
nakir,  674. 
nikhoda,  668. 
nakoda,  674. 
nal,  674. 
nalayan,  674. 
naleh,  670. 
nali,  670. 
nama,  670. 
nambar,  674. 
nambi,  674. 
namchup,  674. 
namnam,  674. 
nampak,  674. 

nampal,  674. 
nampang,  674. 
namrAd,  674. 
nan,  674. 
nanah,  671, 
nanai,  671. 
nanar,  670, 
nanas,  670. 
nanchong,  675. 
nanda,  675. 
nandong,  675. 
nang,  673. 


!   nangak,  669. 

I  nangka,  673. 

I  nangui,  669. 

I   nangui  (nangui),  669. 

i  naning,  671. 

nanti,  674. 

napal,  669. 
I  napas,  669. 
I  napi,  669. 

napiri,  673. 
I  napoh,  669. 

nara,  668, 

naracha,  672. 

naraka,  672. 

niraka,  668. 

narawastu,  672,  668. 

nardin,  672. 
!  nargis,  672. 
I  narong,  668. 
i  nasab,  672. 
I  nasak,  668, 

nasar,  672. 
nashid,  672. 
nasi,  669. 
nasib,  672. 

nasihat,  672. 
nasik,  668. 
nasir,  669. 
nasirat,  669. 
naskhah,  672. 
nasrani,  672. 
nass,  672. 
nata,  668. 
natang,  668. 
natar,  668. 
nati,  668. 
natik,  669. 

natlam,  673. 
natlir,  669. 
nau,  675. 
naung,  671. 
nauroz,  675. 
nawib,  675. 
nayah,  671. 
nay  am,  671. 
ne*emat,  673. 
nega,  676. 
negara,  674. 
negeri,  674. 
nejis,  671. 
nek,  674. 

nek,  674. 
neka,  676. 
nekara,  674. 
nelayan,  674. 
nembar,  674. 
nenalu,  674. 
nenas,  674. 
nenda,  675. 
neneh,  677. 
nenek,  677. 


nenenda,  677. 
nenes,  677. 
nengsan,  673. 
nentiyasa,  675. 
nesan,  676. 
neschaya,  672. 
nesta,  672. 
nestapa,  672. 
netiyasa,  671. 
nga,  439. 
ngada,  439. 
ngadah,  439. 
ngah,  440. 
ngali,  440. 
ngalir,  440. 
nganga,  440. 
ngangut,  440. 
ngap,  440. 
ngapa,  440. 
ngarong,  440. 
ngaung,  440. 
ngeh,  440. 
ngek,  440. 

ngekek,  440. 

ngelana,  440. 
ngelu,  440. 
ngemam,  440. 
ngembara,  440. 
ngeng,  440. 
ngengap,  440. 
ngening,  440. 
ngeran,  440. 
ngerang,  440. 
ngeras,  440. 
ngeri,  440, 
ngering,  440. 
ngeriyap,  440. 
ngerong,  440. 
ngilu,  440. 

ngiyau,  440. 
ngok  (ngek),  440. 

ngongak,  440. 

ngumbara,  440. 
ngungam,  440. 
ngungap,  440. 
ngut,  440. 
ni,  676. 

niaga  (niyaga),  676. 
niat  (niyat),  676. 
nibak,  676. 
nibong,  676. 
nidera,  676. 
nifas,  673. 
nika,  676. 
nikah,  674. 
nil,  676. 
nila,  676. 
nilai,  676, 
nilakanda,  676. 
nilakendi,  676. 
nilam,  676. 
nilau,  676. 


nilayan,  674. 
nilor,  676. 
nilu,  676. 
nimbang,  674. 
nin,  674. 
ning,  673. 
ningrat,  673. 
ningsan,  673. 
ningsun,  673. 
nipah,  676. 
nipis,  676. 
nira,  676. 
nirai,  676. 
nirmala,  672. 
niru,  676. 
nisa,  672. 
nisan,  676. 
nischaya,  672, 
nishan,  672. 
nista,  672. 
niyaga,  676. 
niyat,  676. 
niyaya,  676. 
niyor,  676, 
nobat,  675. 
noga,  675. 
n&h,  675. 
noja,  675.     ' 
nomah,  675. 
nona,  675. 
nonah,  675. 
nonam,  675. 
nong,  673. 
no'no',  675. 
nonong,  675. 
noVeng,  675. 
normala,  672. 
nu,  675. 
nubas,  675. 
nixhU  675. 
nugeraha,  674. 
ntih,  675. 
nujiim,  671. 
nuktah,  674. 
n6n  *  675. 
nupin,  675. 
ntir,  675. 
nuracha,  672. 
nuraka,  672. 
niirani,  675. 
nurbisa,  672. 
nuri,  675. 
nurmala,  672. 
nus,  672. 
nusa,  675. 
nushMir,  672,  675. 
nushirwan,  675. 
nya,  698. 
nya,  698. 
nyadar,  699. 
nyah,  700, 
nyai,  699. 
nyala,  699. 
nyaman,  699. 


NYAMOK 


[    xxxvi    ] 


PANCHARONA 


nyamok,  699. 
nyampang,  699. 
nyang,  699. 
nyanyi,  699. 
nyanyok,  6gg. 

nyap,  699. 
nyapang,  699. 
nyarang,  699. 
nyarap,  699. 


nyaring,  699, 
nyaris,  699. 
nyata,  698. 
nyatoh,  699. 
nyawa,  699. 
nyedar,  699, 
nyedera,  699. 
nyeh,  700. 
nyennyai,  699. 


nyenyeh,  700. 
nyenyen,  700. 
nySnyuIong,  699. 
nyilu,  700. 
nyior,  700. 
nyireh,  700. 
nyiris,  700. 
nyiru,  700. 
nyiyat,  700. 


nyolo,  700. 
nyongkum,  699. 
nyonya  (nyonyah),  700. 
nyonyah,  700. 
nyonyeh,  700. 
nyonyong,  700, 
nyonyot,  700. 
nyut,  699. 


o. 


Oak  (uwak),  58. 
obe'l,  52. 
obor,  52. 
ochok,  53. 
ogah,  58. 
ogak,  58. 
ogam,  58, 
ogok,  58. 
oh,  62. 
oja,  53. 
okah,  58. 
olah,  60 
olak,  60. 
oleh  (uleh),  61: 
olek,  60. 
oleng,  59. 


olok,  60. 
olon,  60. 
olong,  59. 
ombak,  35. 

omboh,  36. 
ombong,  34. 
omong,  61. 
ompang,  38. 
ompok,  38. 

onak,  62. 

onam,  62. 
onar,  62. 
onda,  46. 
onde,  48. 
ondeh,  48. 
one,  62. 


oneng,  62. 
ong,  19, 
onggal,  23. 
onggok,  23. 
ongka,  ig. 
ongkak,  21. 
ongkos,  20. 
onis,  62. 
onta,  40. 
ontang,  41. 
onyak,  62. 
onyok,  62. 
opas  (upas),  57. 
opau  (upau),  57. 
opis,  57. 


opor,  57. 
ora,  54. 
orak,  55. 
orang,  55, 
ordi,  9. 
organ,  11. 
orghan,  10. 
orloji,  II. 
orlong,  II. 
orlop,  II. 
oro,  55. 
orong,  55. 
otak,  53. 
otar,  52. 
otek,  53. 


p. 


pa,  442. 

pa%  442. 
pabeyan,  453. 
pachai,  444. 
pachak,  443. 

pachai,  444. 
pachang,  443. 
pachar,  443. 
pachat,  443. 
pachau,  444. 
pachgri,  454. 
pachok,  443. 

pachol,  444. 
pachu,  444. 
pachul,  444. 
pada,  454,  444- 
padah,  445. 
padam,  444. 
padan,  444. 
padang,  444- 
padat,  444. 
padau,  445. 
padema,  455- 
paderi,  444,  455- 
padi,  445. 
padir,  444. 


padok,  444. 

padong,  444. 
padu,  445. 
.paduka,  444,  455. 
pagan,  449. 
pagar,  449. 
pagi,  449. 
pagu,  449. 
pagut,  449. 
paha,  483,  452. 
paham,  452. 
pahang,  452. 
pahar,  452. 
pahat,  452. 
pahi,  452. 
pahit,  452. 
pahlawan,  483. 
pahok,  452. 

pahut  (paut),  451. 

pai,  483. 

paip,  452. 

pais,  452. 

pait  (pahit),  452. 

pajak,  443. 

pajan,  443. 
pajar,  443. 


pajoh,  443. 
pak,  465. 
paka,  448. 
pakai,  449. 
pakak,  448 

pakal,  448. 
pakan,  448. 
pakanira,  466. 
pakat,  448. 
pakau,  448. 
pakma,  465. 

paksa,  465. 
paksi,  465. 
paksina,  465. 
paku,  448. 
pal,  466. 
pala,  449. 
palak,  450. 

palam,  450. 
palang,  450. 
palar,  449. 
palas,  449. 
palat,  449. 
palau,  450. 
paiek,  450, 


paling,  450. 

palis,  450. 

palit,  449. 

palita,  469. 

palkah,  465. 

paloh,  450. 

palong,  450. 

palsu,  467. 

paltu,  467. 

palu,  450. 

palut,  449. 

pamah,  450. 

paman,  450. 

pamor,  450. 

pampang,  469. 

pampas,  469. 

panah,  451. 

panas,  450. 

panau,  450. 

pancha,  473. 

panchalogam,  474. 

panchang,  473. 

panchapersada  (pancha), 

473- 
panchar,  473, 

pancharoba  (pancha),  473. 
pancharona  (pancha),  473. 


PANCHAWARllNA 


[     xxxvii     ] 


P&LESET 


panchawarena 

474- 
panching,  473. 
panchit,  473. 
panchong,  474, 
panchor,  473. 
panchut,  473. 
pandai,  475. 
pandak,  475. 

pandam,  475. 
pandan,  475. 
pandang,  474. 
pandawa,  474. 
pandir,  474. 
pandita,  475. 
pandu,  475. 
pangan,  447. 
pangeran,  464. 
panggal,  464. 
panggang,  463. 
panggar,  463. 
panggau,  464. 
panggil,  464. 
panggong,  463. 
pangkah,  463. 
pangkal,  463. 
pangkas,  462. 
pangkat,  462, 
pangkeng,  462. 
pangkong,  463. 
pangkor,  462. 
pangkii,  463. 
panglema,  464. 
pangling,  464. 
pangok,  447. 

pangos,  447. 
pangsa,  462. 
pangsan,  462. 
pangsi,  462, 
panir,  450. 
panja,  472. 
panjak,  472. 

panjang,  472. 
panjar,  472. 
panjat,  472. 
panji,  473. 
panju,  472. 
panjut,  472. 
pantai,  472. 
pantak,  471. 

pantang,  470. 
pantas,  470. 
pantat,  470. 
pantau,  471. 
pantek,  471. 

pantelun,  471. 
panting,  470. 
pantis,  470. 
pantok,  471. 

pantul,  471. 
pantun,  471. 
panus,  450. 
papa,  447. 
papah,  448. 
papak,  448. 

papakerma,  465. 
papan,  448. 
papar,  447. 


(pancha), 


papas,  448. 
papat,  447. 
pa'pong,  448. 
pa'puwi,  448. 
para,  445. 
parah,  446. 
parak,  446. 

param,  446. 
parang,  445. 
parap,  446. 
paras,  445. 
parau,  446. 
pareh,  446. 
parek,  446. 

pari,  446. 
paring,  445. 
paris,  445, 
parit,  445. 
paro,  446, 
paroh,  446. 
parok,  446. 

parong,  445. 
parsi,  457. 
paru,  446. 
parut,  445. 
pas,  461. 
pasah,  447. 
pasai,  447. 
pasak,  447. 

pasal,  447. 
pasang,  446. 
pasar,  446. 
pasek,  447. 

pasiban,  462. 
pasir,  446. 
pasisir,  462. 
pasmen,  461. 
pasok,  447. 

pasong,  447. 
paspa,  461. 
pasu,  447. 
patah,  443. 
patam,  443. 
patar,  442. 
pataranggas,  453, 
patek,  442. 

pateri,  442. 
pati,  443. 
patin,  443- 
patih,  443- 
pati    443. 
pating,  442. 
patma,  454. 
patok,  442. 

patong,  442. 
patpat,  453. 
patut,  442. 
pauh,  451. 
pauk,  451. 

paun,  451. 
paung,  451. 
pans,  451. 
paut,  451. 
pawah,  451. 
pawai,  452. 
pawan,  451. 
pawang,  451. 


paya,  452. 
payah,  452. 
payak,  452. 

payaiig,  452. 
payar,  452. 
payau,  452. 
payong,  452. 
pa'yong,  452. 
payu,  452. 
pechachal,  454, 
pechah,  454. 
pechak,  484. 
pechakari,  454, 
pechat,  454. 
pechun,  484. 
pechut,  454. 
peda,  454. 
pedada,  455. 
pedah,  455. 
pedaka,  455, 
pedal,  455. 
pedali,  455. 
pedang,  455. 
pedap,  455. 
pedar,  455, 
pedas,  455. 
pedati,  454, 
pedeh,  455. 
pedena,  455. 
pedendang,  455. 
pedendang,  455. 
pedewakan,  455. 
pedir,  485 » 
pediyah,  455. 
pedoman,  455. 
pedor,  485. 
pedukang,  455. 
peduli,  455. 
pegaga,  466. 
pegan,  466. 
pegang,  466. 
peganyah,  466. 
pegar,  466. 
pegari,  466. 
pegas,  466. 
pegawai,  466. 
pegi  (pergi),  458. 
pegu,  487. 
pegun,  466. 
pehadui,  483. 
pehak,  488. 

pehala,  483. 
pehana,  483. 
pehil,  483. 
pejal,  454. 
pejam,  454. 
pejera,  454. 
pek,  465. 
peka,  486. 
pekacha,  465. 
pekak,  487. 

pekak,  465. 

pekaka,  465. 
pekakak,  465. 

pekakas,  465. 
pekan,  466. 
pekasam,  465. 
pekat,  465. 


pekau,  466. 
pekek,  465. 

pekerti,  465. 
pekin,  466. 
pekok,  466. 

pgkong,  465. 
pekong,  487. 
pekop,  466. 
pekor,  465. 
pekulun,  466. 
pelabor,  466. 
pelaga,  467. 
pelahang,  467. 
pelahap,  467, 
pelajau,  466. 
pelalauwan,  468. 
pelamin,  467. 
pelampas,  468. 
pelampong,  468. 
pelana,  467. 
pelanchar,  468. 
pelanchok,  468. 
pelandok,  468. 
pelang,  467. 
pelang,  487. 
pelangi,  466. 
pelangkeng,  467, 
pelanji,  468, 
pelanjib,  468, 
pelantar,  468. 
pelantek,  468. 

pelanting,  468. 
pelapah,  467. 
pelara,  466. 
pelas,  467. 
pelasah,  466. 
pelasari,  467. 
pelasoh,  466. 
pelat,  467. 
pelat,  487. 
pelata,  466. 
pglatok,  466. 

pelatut,  466. 
pelau,  468. 
pelawai,  467. 
pelawan,  467. 
pelawas,  467. 
pelebagai,  467, 
pelebaya,  467, 
pelecheh,  469, 
pelechoh,  469. 
pelechus,  467. 
peleh,  469. 
pelek,  468. 

pelekat,  469. 
pelekat,  468. 
pelekoh,  468. 
pelembang,  468. 
pelempap,  468. 
pelembaya,  468. 
pelenchet,  468. 
pelenggap,  467. 
pelenggas,  467. 
pelenset,  468. 
pelepah,  467. 
peler,  467. 
pelesat,  467. 
peleset,  469. 


PiLiSIT 


[    xxxviii    ] 


PESTA 


pelesit,  467. 
pelet,  487. 
pSleting,  467. 
pelihara,  469. 
peliman,  469. 
pelinggam,  467. 
pelipis,  469, 
pelipisan,  467. 
pelisa,  469. 
pelit,  467, 
pelita,  469. 
peliyas,  469. 
peloh,  469. 
pelohong,  469. 
pelok,  468. 

pelong,  487. 
pelonok,  469. 
pelor,  487. 
peltu,  467. 
peluk,  468. 

pelupoh,  469. 
pelupok,  469. 

peluru,  468. 
peluwang,  469. 
pemalam,  469. 
pemalap,  469. 
pemali,  469. 
pemarit,  469. 
pematang,  469, 
pemendak,  469. 

pemidang,  470. 
pemikiran,  469. 
pemuras,  470, 
pena,  488. 
penaga,  470. 
penah,  476. 
penahap,  470, 
penajap,  470. 
penaka,  470. 
penakan,  470. 
penakawan,  476. 
penar,  476, 
penaram,  470, 
penat,  470. 
penchak,  474, 

penchalak,  473. 

penchalang,  473. 
penchalok,  473, 

penchang,  474. 
pencherut,  473. 
penchil,  474. 
penchong,  474. 
penchot,  473. 
penda,  474. 
pendahan,  474. 
pendam,  475. 
pendap,  475. 
pendar,  474. 
pendawa,  474, 
pendek,  475. 

pendekar,  475. 
penderah,  474. 
pending,  474. 
pendiyat,  475. 
pendok,  475. 

pendomah  (pgnomah),  476. 
pendoman,  475. 


pendongkok,  475, 
peneram,  476. 
pengampoh,  464. 
penganan,  462. 
pengantin,  464. 
pengap,  462. 
pengapoh,  462. 
pengar,  462. 
pengat,  462. 
pengawinan,  464. 
pengereh,  462. 
penget,  486. 
pengga,  463. 
penggaga,  463. 
penggawa,  463, 
penghulu,  464. 
pengkalan,  462. 
pengkar,  462. 
pengkeras,  462. 
penglima,  464. 
pengsan,  462. 
pengsetukara,  462. 
pengulu,  464. 
pengulun,  464. 
pening,  476. 
peninggir,  476. 
peniti,  476. 
penjajap,  472. 
penjara,  472. 
penjurit,  472. 
penjuru,  473. 
pennyap,  476. 
pennyet,  476. 
pennyu,  476. 
pennyut,  476. 
penoh,  476. 
penomah,  476. 
penongkok  (pendongkok), 

475-  ' 
pensan,  476. 
pensil,  476, 
penta,  470. 
pentas,  470. 
penting,  470. 
pentong,  470. 
penyengat,  488. 
penyu,  488. 
pepah,  465. 
pepak,  465. 

pepara,  464. 
peparam,  464. 
peparu,  464. 
pepat,  464. 
pepatil,  464. 
peper,  486. 
pepisang,  465. 
pepulut,  465. 
peputut,  465. 
pepuwah,  465. 
pepuyu,  465. 
perabu,  455. 
perachau,  456. 
perada,  455. 
perah,  460. 
perahu,  456. 
perai,  460. 
peraju,  455. 
perak,  485. 


perak,  457. 
peraksi,  457, 
peram,  458. 
perambut,  458. 
peran,  458* 
peranchah,  459. 
peranchit,  459. 
perang,  457. 
perang,  487. 
perangai,  455. 
peranggu,  457. 
peranja,  459. 
peranjat,  459. 
perap,  485. 
perap,  457. 
peras,  456. 
perat,  456. 
perawan,  456. 
perawas,  455. 
perawira,  460. 
perawis,  455. 
perba,  456. 
perbani,  456. 
perbu,  456. 
percha,  456. 
perchaya,  456. 
perchit,  456. 
perdah,  456. 
perdana,  456. 
perdu,  456. 
perduli,  456. 
perechup,  456. 
peredah,  456. 
pereh,  485. 
pereh,  460. 
perekat,  457. 
pereksa,  457. 

pereksa,  457. 

perelang,  458. 
perelus,  458. 
perempuwan,  458. 
perenah,  459. 
pereng,  457. 
perenggan,  457. 
pereni,  459. 
perensis,  459. 
perentah,  459. 
perepat,  457. 
pereseh,  457. 
peret,  456. 
pergam,  457. 
pergi,  458. 
pergul,  467. 
peri,  460. 
peridi,  460. 
perigi,  460. 
perimpin,  458. 
perinchit,  459. 
perindun,  459. 
peringgi,  457. 
perisai,  460. 
periya,  460. 
periyai,  460. 
periyang,  460. 
periyawa,  460. 
periyok,  460. 

perkakas,  457. 
perkara,  457. 


perkasa,  457. 
perkasam,  457. 
perkutut,  457. 
perlahan,  458. 
perlak,  458, 

perlenteh,  458. 
perli,  458. 
perlu,  458. 
permadani,  458. 
permai,  458. 
permaisuri,  458. 
permana,  458. 
permata,  458. 
permatang,  458. 
permisi,  458. 
pernah,  459. 
pernama,  459. 
perni,  459. 
perohong,  460. 
perok,  457. 

perom,  458. 
perongos,  459, 
peronyok,  460. 
perosok,  459. 

persada,  457. 
persangga,  457. 
persanggarahan,  457. 
persen,  457. 
persetuwa,  457. 
pertala,  456. 
pertama,  456. 
pertewi,  456. 
pertugis,  456. 
peruang  (peruwang),  459. 
peruhi,  460. 
perui,  460. 
perul,  458. 
perum,  458. 
perun,  458. 
perunggu,  457. 
perunjong,  459. 
perupok,  459. 

perus,  485. 
perus,  457. 
perusah,  459. 
perut,  456. 
peruwan,  459. 
peruwang,  459. 
perwara,  459. 
perwira,  460. 
pesa,  461. 
pesah,  485. 
pesai,  462. 
pesak,  485. 

pesaka,  461. 
pesan,  461. 
pesara,  461. 
pesawat,  461. 
pesiban,  462. 
pesing,  461. 
pesirah,  462. 
pesiyar,  462. 
pesok,  461. 

pesolot,  461. 
pesona,  461, 
pesong,  485. 
pespa,  461. 
pest  a,  461. 


PiSTAKA 


[     xxxix     ] 


PUNGKOR 


pestaka,  461, 
pesti,  461. 
peta,  453. 
peta,  484. 
petai,  454. 
petak,  484. 

petaka,  453. 
petala,  453. 
petaling,  453. 
petam,  454. 
petamari,  454. 
petang,  453. 
petani,  453. 
petar,  484. 
petaram,  453. 
petas,  453. 
petek,  484. 

petek,  453. 

petera,  453. 
peterabang,  453. 
peteram,  453. 
peterana,  433. 
peteras,  453. 
peteri,  453. 
peterum,  453. 
petes,  484. 
peti,  454. 
petiman,  454. 
peting,  453. 
petir,  453. 
petola,  454, 
petor,  484. 
petutu,  454. 
petuwa,  454. 
petuwah,  454. 
pi,  483. 
piak  (piyak),  486. 

pial  (piyalj,  487. 
piala  (piyala),  483. 
piara  (piyara),  483. 
piat  (piyat),  484. 
piatu  (piyatu),  483. 
pichagari,  454. 
pichek,  484. 
pichit,  484. 
pichu,  484. 
pijak,  484. 

pijar,  484. 
pijat,  484. 
pik,  465. 

pikat,  487. 
pikau,  487. 
pikir,  487. 
piku,  487. 
pikul,  487. 
pilau,  487. 
pileh,  488. 
pili,  488. 
pilin,  487. 
pilis,  487. 
pilu,  487. 
piluka,  469. 
pilus,  487. 
pimpin,  469. 
pina,  488. 
pinak,  488. 

pinang,  488, 
pinchang,  474. 


pinchok,  474. 

pinchut,  473. 
pindah,  475. 
pindang,  474. 
pingai,  486. 
pinggan,  464. 
pinggang,  463. 
pinggir,  463, 
pingi,  486. 
pinis,  488. 
pinjam,  472. 
pinjul,  472. 
pinta,  470. 
pintal,  471. 
pintang,  471. 
pintar,  470. 
pintas,  470. 
pintau,  471. 
pintu,  471. 
pipa,  486. 
pipeh,  486. 
pipi,  486. 
pipir,  486. 
pipis,  486. 
pipit,  486. 
pirai,  485. 
pirasat,  455. 
pirau,  485. 
pirek,  485. 
piring,  485. 
piris,  485. 
pisah,  485. 
pisang,  485. 
pisau,  485. 
piskal,  461, 
pistaka,  461. 
pistul,  461. 
pita,  484. 
pitah,  484. 
pitam,  484. 
pitar,  484. 
pitau,  484. 
pitis,  484. 
pitu,  484. 
piut  (piyut),  484. 
piyagi,  483, 
piyah,  488. 
piyak,  486. 
piyal,  487. 
piyala,  483. 
piyalang,  483. 
piyaling,  483. 
piyama,  483. 
piyang,  486. 
piyanggang,  486. 
piyanggu,  486. 
piyara,  483. 
piyarit,  483. 
piyas,  485. 
piyat,  484. 
piyatu,  483. 
piyoh,  488. 
piyut,  484. 
plana  (pelana),  467. 
plang  (pelang),  467. 
plek  (pelek),  468. 

plihara  (pelihara),  469. 
ploh  (peloh),  469. 


plok  (pelok),  468. 

pluru  (peluru),  468. 
po,  476. 
pochak,  478. 

podak,  478. 

podi,  478. 
pohok,  483. 

pohun,  483. 
pok,  465. 

pokah,  481. 
pokok,  480. 

pokta,  465. 

polak,  482, 

polan,  482. 
polis,  481. 
polok,  482. 

polong,  481. 
pomang,  482. 
pompa,  469. 
pompong,  469. 
ponchak,  474. 

pondok,  475. 
pondong,  475. 
pong,  462. 
ponggol,  464. 
pongkak,  463. 

pongkes,  462. 
pongkis,  462. 
pongpang,  462. 
pongsu,  462. 
poni,  482. 
ponjot,  472. 
ponok,  482. 

pontang,  471. 
pontiyanak,  472. 

ponu,  482. 
porak,  479. 

porok,  479. 
porong,  479. 
poros,  479. 
Portugal,  456. 
portugis,  456. 
pos,  461. 
po'ta,  476. 
potiya,  477. 
potong,  477. 
poyang,  483. 
prah  (perah),  460. 
prai  (perai),  460. 
prak  (perak),  457. 

pran  (peran),  458. 
prang  (perang),  457. 
prangai  (perangai),  455. 
pranggu  (peranggu),  457. 
prat  (perat),  456. 
prawira  (perawira),  460. 
preksa  (pereksa),  457. 

prenggan  (perenggan),  457. 
prensis  (perensis),  459. 
prentah  (perentah),  459. 
pri  (peri),  460. 
pria  (periya),  460. 
prigi  (perigi),  460, 
pringgi  (peringgi),  457. 
priok  (periyok),  460. 


prisai  (perisai),  460. 
prum  (perum),  458. 
prun  (perun),  458. 
prut  (perut),  456. 
puah  (puwah),  483. 
puak  (puwak),  480. 

puaka  (puwaka),  476. 
pualam  (puwalam),  476. 
puan  (puwan),482. 
puas  (puwas),  479. 
puasa  (puwasa),  476. 
puchang,  478. 
puchat,  478. 
puchok,  478. 

puchong,  478. 
pudak,  478. 

pudar,  478. 
pudat,  478. 
pudi,  478. 
puding,  478. 
pugar,  481. 
puhi,  483, 
puih,  483. 
puja,  478. 
puji,  478. 
pujok,  478. 

pujut,  478. 
pukal,  480, 
pukang,  480. 
pukas,  480. 
pukat,  480. 
pukau,  481. 
puki,  481. 
pukul,  480, 
pula,  481. 
pulaga,  467. 
pulai,  482. 
pulak,  482. 

pulan,  482. 
pulang,  482. 
pulas,  481. 
pulasan,  466. 
pulasari,  467. 
pulau,  482. 
puleh,  482. 
pulik,  482. 
pulor,  481. 
pulun,  482. 
pulut,  481. 
pumpun,  469. 
pun,  482. 
punah,  482. 
punai,  482. 
punat,  482. 
puncha,  473. 
punchak,  474. 

pundi,  475. 
punding,  475, 
pungah,  479. 
punggah,  464. 
punggai,  464, 
punggawa,  463. 
punggok,  464, 

punggoi,  464. 
punggong,  464. 
punggor,  463. 
pungkah,  463. 
pungkor,  462. 


tf 


PUNGUT 


[     xl     ] 


RANQUP 


pungut,  479. 
pimjong,  472. 
piinjut,  472. 
puntal,  471. 
puntang,  471. 
punti,  472. 
punting,  471. 
puntiyanak,  472. 

puntoh,  471. 
puntong,  471. 
punya,  483. 
pupohj  480. 
pupok,  480. 

pupor,  480. 
piipu,  480. 


pupus,  480. 
piiput,  479. 
pura,  479. 
purba,  456. 
puri,  479, 
puris,  479. 
purnama,  459. 
puru,  479. 
piisaka,  461. 
pusang,  479. 
pusar,  479. 
pusat,  479. 
pusi,  479. 
pusing,  479. 
puspa,  461. 


puspas,  461. 
pusta,  461. 
pustaka,  461. 
pusu,  479. 
putah,  477. 
putar,  477. 
putarwali,  453. 
putat,  476. 
puteh,  477. 
putek,  477. 

putera,  453. 
puteri,  453. 
putik,  477, 

puting,  477. 

putra  (putera),  453. 

putri  (puteri),  453. 


putu,  477. 
putus,  477. 
puwadai,  476. 
puwah,  483. 
puwak,  480. 

puwaka,  476. 
puwal,  481. 
puwalam,  476. 
puwan,  482. 
puwar,  478. 
puwas,  479. 
puwasa,  476. 
puwih,  483. 
puyoh,  483. 
puyu,  483. 


R. 


R4,  309. 
raba,  309. 
rab^b,  321. 
rabah,  310. 
rabak,  309. 

raban,  310. 
rabb,  321. 
rabbani,  321. 
rabbi,  322. 
rabek,  309. 
rabi',  322. 
rabit,  309. 
rabok,  309. 

rabong,  309. 
rabu,  310. 
rabun,  310. 
rabut,  309. 
rachau,  312. 
rachek,  312. 

rachuii,  312. 
rachut,  312. 
radai,  313. 
radak,  312, 

radang,  312. 

raden,  313. 

radif,  325. 

radin,  313. 

radliya,  327. 

radup,  312. 

raga,  315. 

ragah,  316. 

ragam,  316. 

ragang,  316. 

ragas,  316. 
ragi,  316. 
ragong,  316. 
ragu,  316, 
ragum,  316. 
ragup,  316. 
ragus,  316. 
ragut,  316. 
rahang,  320. 
rahap,  320. 
rahasiya,  351. 
rahat,  320. 


rahat,  312. 
rahi,  320. 
rahim,  324. 
rahip,  320. 
rahl,  324. 
rahman,  324. 
rahmat,  324. 
rahsiya,  351. 
rahu,  320. 
rai,  351. 
raih,  321. 
raip  (rahip),  320. 
rais,  320. 
ra^iyyat,  327. 
raja,  311. 
rajab,  323. 
rajah,  312, 
rajang,  312.^ 
raj  a  wall  (raja),  311. 
rajin,  312. 
rajok,  312. 

raj  una,  324. 
rajup,  312. 
rajut,  312. 
rak>  333- 
raka,  315- 
raka'at,  333. 
rakah,  315, 
rakak,  315, 

rakam,  315. 
rakam,  333. 
rakan,  315. 
rakap,  315. 
rakat,  315. 
rakit,  315. 
rakna,  333. 
raksa,  333. 
raksamala,  333. 
raksasa,  333. 
raksi,  333- 
raicus,  315. 
rakut,  3^5- 
ralat,  317. 
ralip,  317. 


ram,  334. 
rama,  317. 
ramadlan,  337* 
ramah,  317. 
ramai,  318. 
ramal,  317. 
ramas,  317. 
rambah,  336. 
rambai,  336. 
rambaiyan,  335. 
rambak,  336. 

ramban,  336. 
rambang,  335. 
rambat,  335. 
rambeh,  336. 
rambu,  336. 
rambun,  336. 
rambustan,  335. 
rambut,  335. 
rambutan,  335,  336. 
rambuti,  336. 
rameng,  317. 
rami,  318. 
rammal,  339. 
rampai,  339. 
rampak,  338. 

rampang,  338. 
rampas,  337- 
rampat,  337- 
rampeh,  339. 
ramping,  338. 
rampis,  337. 
rampus,  337. 
ramput,  337. 
ramrud,  337. 
ramu,  317. 
ramun,  317. 
ramus,  317. 
rana,  318. 
ranak,  318. 

ranap,  318. 
ranchah,  342. 
ranchak,  342. 

ranchang,  342, 
ranchap,  342, 


ranchong,  342. 
randa,  343. 
randai,  344. 
randeh  (rondah),  344. 
randi,  344. 
randini,  344. 
randok,  343. 

randong,  343. 
randu,  344. 
ranch,  318. 
rang,  327. 
rangeh,  314. 
rangai,  314. 
rangak  (rangar),  314. 

rangan,  314. 
rangar,  314. 
rangas,  314. 
rangda,  328. 
rangdu,  328. 
rangga,  330. 
ranggah, 332. 
ranggak,  331. 

ranggam,  331. 
ranggas,  331. 
ranggi,  332. 
ranggoi,  331. 
ranggol,  331. 
ranggong,  331. 
ranggu,  331. 
ranggun,  331. 
rangin,  314. 
rangka,  328. 
rangkai,  330. 
rangkak,  329. 

rangkang,  329. 
rangkap,  329. 
rangkas,  328. 
rangkek,  329. 
rangkong,  329. 
rangkum,  330. 
rangkup,  329. 
rangoi,  314. 
rangsa,  328. 
rangsang,  328. 
rangup,  314. 


BANaUM 


[    xli    ] 


bSrak 


rangum,  314. 
rani,  318. 
ranjang,  341. 
ranjau,  342. 
ranjuna,  342, 
rantai,  341. 
rantam,  340. 
rantang,  340. 
rantas,  339. 
rantau,  341. 
ranting,  340. 
ranu,  318. 
ranum,  318. 
ranyah,  321. 
ranyau,  321. 
rap,  332. 
rapah,  314. 
rapai,  315. 
rapang,  314. 
rapat,  314. 
rapeh,  314. 
rapek,  314. 

rapoh,  315. 
rapu,  314. 
rapus,  314. 
ras,  326. 
r^s,  313. 
rasa,  313. 
rasak,  313. 
rasaksa,  326. 

rasMat,  326, 
rasamala,  313. 
rasau,  314. 
rashid,  327. 
rashwah,  327. 
rasi  (raksi),  333. 
rasmi,  326. 
rasok,  313. 

rassam,  326. 
rastil,  326. 
rat,  322. 
rata,  310. 
ratah,  311. 
rataka,  323. 
ratap,  311. 
rati,  311- 
r4tib,  310. 
ratin,  311. 
ratna,  323. 
ratong,  310. 
ratu,  311. 
ratus,  310. 
rau,  345. 
rauh,  319. 
raum,  319. 
raun,  319. 
raung,  319. 
raup,  319. 
raut,  319- 
rawa,  318, 
rawah,  319. 
rawai,  320. 
rawak,  319. 

rawan,  319. 
rawAn,  345. 
rawang,  319. 
rawat,  318. 
rawi,  319. 


rawit,  319. 
raya,  320. 
rayah,  321. 
rayang,  320. 
rayap,  320. 
rayau,  320. 
rayu,  321. 
reba,  321. 
rebab  (rabab),  321. 
rebah,  322. 
rebak,  322. 

rebak,  351. 
reban,  322. 
rebana,  321. 
rebas,  322. 
rebat,  321. 
rebeh,  351. 
rebok,  322. 

rebong,  322. 
rebus,  322. 
rebut,  321. 
rechak,  324. 

rechana,  324. 
recheh,  352. 
rechek,  324. 

rechup,  324. 
reda,  325. 
redah,  325. 
redam,  325. 
redan,  325. 
redang,  325. 
redap,  325. 
redas,  325. 
redeh,  325. 
redek,  325. 

redi,  352. 
reding,  352. 
redum,  325. 
redup,  325. 
rega,  334. 
regang,  334. 
regat,  334- 
reja,  352. 
rejah,  324. 
rejam,  324. 
rejan,  324. 
rejang,  323. 
rejeh,  352. 
rejeki,  324. 
rejok,  323. 

rejul,  324. 
rek,  333- 
reka,  353. 
rekah,  334. 
rekam,  333. 
rekat,  333. 
reken,  353. 
rekun,  333. 
rel,  334* 
rela,  334. 
relah,  334. 
relai,  334. 
relang,  334. 
relap,  334. 
relas,  334. 
relau,  334. 
reloh,  334. 
reiong,  334. 


relus,  334. 
remai,  339. 
remaja,  334. 
remak,  339. 

remang,  337. 
remayong,  334. 
remba,  334. 
rembah,  336. 
rembang,  336. 
rembas,  335. 
rembas,  335. 
rembat,  335. 
rembau,  336. 
rembayan,  335. 
rembega,  337. 
rembeh,  336. 
rembet,  335. 
rembiya,  337. 
rembugai,  336. 
rembunai,  336. 
rembuniya,  336, 
remis,  337. 
remok,  339. 

rempa,  337. 
rempah,  339. 
rempah,  339. 
rempak,  338. 
rempak,  338. 

rempang,  338. 
rempang,  338. 
rempat,  337. 
rempenai,  338. 
rempoh,  339. 
rempoh,  339. 
rempong,  338. 
rempus,  338. 
remudu,  339. 
remunggai,  337. 
remut,  337. 
renang,  344. 
renas,  344. 
renchah,  343. 
renchak,  342. 

rencham,  342. 
renchana,  342, 
renchang,  342. 
rencheh,  343. 
rencheng,  342. 
renchong,  342. 
renda,  343. 
rendah,  344. 
rendam,  344. 
rendana,  343. 
rendang,  343. 
rendang,  343. 
renek,  353. 

renek,  345. 
rengi  327. 
renga,  327. 
rengang,  328. 
rengap,  328, 
rengas,  352. 
rengas,  328. 
rengat,  327. 
rengau,  332. 
rengek,  352. 

rengga,  330. 
renggam,  331. 


renggang,  331. 
renggek,  331. 

renggis,  331. 
renggut,  330- 
rengit,  328. 
rengka,  328. 
rengka,  328. 
rengkah,  330, 
rengkah,  330. 
rengkam,  330, 
rengkas,  328. 
rengkat,  328. 
rengkeh,  330. 
rengkek,  329, 

rengkiyang,  330. 
rengkoh,  330. 
rengkong,  329. 
rengot,  352. 
rengsa,  328, 
rengus,  328. 
rengut,  328. 
rengut,  352. 
renjak,  341. 

renjas,  341. 
renjis,  341. 
renjong,  341. 
rennyah,  345. 
rennyai,  345. 
rennyak,  345. 

rennyam,  345, 
rennyeh,  345. 
rennyok,  345. 

rennyat,  345- 
renong,  345. 
rensa,  344. 
renta,  339. 
renta,  339. 
rentak,  340. 

reritak,  340. 

rentaka,  339- 
rentan,  340. 
rentang,  340. 
rentap,  340. 
rentas,  339. 
renti,  341, 
rentong,  340. 
renut,  339. 
renyah,  354. 
renyai,  354. 
renyeh,  354. 
renyok,  354. 

repak,  332. 

repang,  332. 
repas,  332. 
repeh,  332. 
repek,  332. 

repek,  353. 
repes,  353. 
repet,  353. 
repis,  332. 
repoh,  332. 
repok,  332. 
repot,  332. 
repui,  332. 
repus,  353' 
reput,  332, 
rerak,  325. 


bMba 


[     xlii     ] 


RUWAH 


resa,  326* 
resah,  327. 
resak,  326. 

resam,  326. 

resan,  326. 

resap,  326. 

resdong  (restong),  326. 

resek,  326. 

resemi,  326. 
reshi,  327. 
resi,  327, 
restongj  326. 
restu,  326. 
reta,  322. 
reta,  352. 
retak,  323. 

retal,  323. 
retas,  322. 
reteh,  323. 
retin,  323. 
retin,  352. 
retna,  323. 
retok,  323. 

rewak,  354. 
rewang,  354. 
rezeki,  325. 

ria  (riya),  351. 
riak  (riyak),  353. 

rial  (riyal),  353. 
riam  (riyam),  353. 
rian  (riyan),  353. 
riang  (riyang),  352. 
nap  (riyap),  353. 
rias  (riyas),  352. 
riba,  351. 
riba,  321. 
ribu,  351. 
ribut,  351. 
richau,  352. 
richeh,  352. 
ridan,  352. 
ridi,  352. 
ridla,  327. 
ridlf,  327. 
ridlwin,  327. 
rigap,  353- 
rih,  352. 

rijaksa,  324. 

rijal,  323. 
rikan,  353. 
rimah,  353. 
rimas,  353. 
rimau,  353. 
rimba,  335. 
rimbok,  336. 
rimbun,  336. 
rimpi,  339. 
rimping,  338. 
rimpus,  338, 
rinah,  353. 
rincheh,  343. 
rinchek,  342. 


rindu,  344. 
ringan,  352. 
ringin,  353. 
ringgek,  331. 

ringgi,  332. 
ringgit,  331. 
ringkai,  330. 
ringkat,  328. 
ringkek,  329. 

ringkup,  329. 
rinoh,  353. 
rintas,  340. 
rintek,  340. 
rintis,  339. 
rinyau,  354. 
rioh  (riyoh),  354. 
riok  (riyok),  353. 
riri,  352. 
ris,  326. 
risa,  352. 
risalat,  326, 
risau,  352. 
risek,  352. 
riwasa,  354. 
riwdyat,  345. 
riya,  351. 
riyak,  353. 
riyal,  353, 
riyam,  353, 
riyan,  353. 
riyang,  352. 
riyap,  353. 
riyas,  352. 
riyau,  354. 
riyoh,  354, 
riyok,  353. 

riyong,  352. 
roba,  345. 
robak,  345, 
robek,  345. 
roboh,  346. 
robok,  346. 
rochah,  347. 
rochoh,  347. 
roda,  347. 
rodak,  347. 

rodan,  347. 
rodi,  347. 
rodok,  347. 

rodorig,  347. 
rogol,  349. 
r6h,  347. 
rojak,  347. 

roji,'347- 
rojok,  347. 

rojol,  347. 
rok,  333. 
rokam,  349. 
rokok,  349, 

roma,  350. 
roman,  350. 
romba,  335. 
rombak,  336. 
rombong,  336. 


romok,  350. 
rompak,  338. 
rompang,  338. 
rompeng,  338. 
romping,  338. 
rompis,  338. 
rompok,  338. 

rompong,  338. 
rona,  350. 
ronchet,  342. 
ronda,  343. 
rondah,  344. 
rondeng,  343. 
rong,  327. 
rongak,   349. 
rongga,  330. 
ronggang,  331. 
ronggeng,  331. 
ronggok,  331. 
rongkal,  329. 
rongkas,  328. 
rongkok,  329. 
rongkol,  329. 
rongkong,  329. 
rongos,  349. 
rongot,  349. 
rongseng,  328. 
ronseng,  344. 
ronta,  339. 
rontah,  341. 
rontak,  340. 
ronyeh,  351. 
ronyok,  351. 

ropak,  349. 
rosak,  348. 

rosan,  348. 
rosok,  348. 
rot,  322. 
rotan,  346. 
roti,  347. 
rotok,  346. 
royak,  351. 
royan,  351. 
royat,  351. 

ru,  345- 

rua  (ruwa),  345. 
ruah  (ruwah),  350. 
ruai  (ruwai),  351. 
ruak  (ruwak),  349. 

ruam  (ruwam),  350. 
ruan  (ruwan),  350, 
ruang  (ruwang),  348. 
ruap  (ruwap),  349. 
ruas  (ruwas),  348, 
ruat  (ruwat),  346. 
rfibah,  346. 
ruban,  346. 
rubbina,  321. 
rubin,  346. 
rubing,  345. 

rubong  (kerubong),  516. 
rudau,  347. 


rudu,  347. 
rudul,  347. 
rudus,  347. 
ruek  (ruwek),  349. 

ruga,  349. 

rugi,  349- 

rugul,  349. 

rflh,  347, 

rfth^nt,  347. 

rAhiniyyat,  347. 

ruing  (rawing),  349. 

ruit  (ruwit),  346. 

rujah,  347. 

ruju*,  323. 

rukam,  349. 

rukh,  325. 

ruku,  349. 

rukun, 333. 

rum,  334. 

r6m,  350. 

rumah,  350. 

rumal,  350. 

rumbai,  337. 

rumbun,  336. 

rumeniya,  339. 

r6mi,  350. 

rumit,^350. 

rummdn,  334. 

rumpu,  339. 

rumpun,  338. 

rumpiit,  337. 

runching,  342. 

runchit,  342. 

runding  (rondeng),  343. 

rundok,  344. 

rundong,  343. 
rundu,  344. 
runggau,  331. 
runggu,  332. 
runggun,  331. 
rungkap,  329. 
rungkau,  330. 
rungkul,  329. 
rungkup,  329. 
rungut,  349. 
runjam,  341. 
runjang,  341. 
runjau,  342. 
runjong,  341. 
runjun,  341. 
runtai,  341. 
runtas,  340. 
runti,  341. 
runtoh,  341. 
runtun,  340. 
runut,  350. 
rus,  326. 
rusa,  348. 
rusam,  348. 
rushiya,  327. 
rusing,  348. 
rusiya,  327,  351. 
rusoh,  348. 
rusok,  348. 
rut,  322. 
ruwa,  345. 
ruwMat,  345. 
ruwah,  350. 


RUWAI 


[     xliii     ] 


SANGLXB 


ruwai,  351. 
ruwak,  349. 

ruwam,  350. 
ruwan,  350. 
ruwang,  348. 


ruwap,  349. 
ruwas,  348, 
ruwat,  346. 
ruwek,  349, 
ruwing,  349. 


ruwit,  346. 
ruyong,  351. 
ruyu,  331- 
ruyup,  351- 
rup,  332. 


rupa,  349. 
rupawan,  332. 
rupiya,  332. 
rupiyah  (rupiya),  332. 
rupoh,  349. 


Oj    Oj    O Xj. • 


Sa,  357. 
sa*adat,  384. 
sd'at,  361. 
sabah,  358. 
sabak,  358. 

saban,  358. 
sabandar,  370. 
sabang,  358. 
sabar,  358. 
sabar,  435. 

sabas,  358. 

sab*at,  370. 

sabda,  369. 

sabelah,  370. 

sabelas,  370. 

saberang,  369. 

sabi,  358. 

sabil,  370. 

sabit,  358. 

sabkap,  370. 

sablah  (sabelah),  370. 

sablas  (sabelas),  370. 

sabok,  358. 

sabong,  358. 

sabor,  358. 

sabrang  (saberang),  369. 

sabtu,  369. 

s&bun,  434. 

sabun,  358. 
sabut,  358. 
s4d,  434. 
sadab,  373. 
sadai,  359. 
sadak,  359. 

sadang,  359. 
sadap,  359. 
sadar,  435. 
sadariyah,  435. 

sadas,  374. 
sadau,  359. 
sadia  (sadiya),  375. 
sddik,  434. 

sadtk,  435. 

sadikit,  375, 
sadin,  359. 
sading,  359. 
sadir,  359. 
sMs,  359. 
sadiya,  375. 
sadong,  359. 
sador,  339. 
sadu,  359. 
saf,  435- 
safar,  435. 


safi,  435. 

safil,  361. 
safir,  361. 
saga,  363. 
sagai,  363. 
sagang,  363. 
sagar,  363. 
sagat,  363. 
saghir,  435. 

sagi,  3^3* 
sagor,  363. 
sagu,  363. 
sagun,  363. 
sah,  425. 
sah,  435. 

sahabat,  435. 
sahaja  (sehaja),  425. 
sahal,  373. 
sahan,  367. 
sahi,  367. 
sahib,  434. 
sahih,  435. 
sahir,  359. 
sahit,  367. 
sahut,  367. 
sahya  (sehaya),  425. 
sai,  367. 
saif,  429. 
saiUn,  432. 
saing,  368. 
sair,  368. 
sals,  368. 
saiyid,  426. 
saiyidi,  427. 
saiyiduni,  427. 
saja,  359. 
sajaS  372. 
sajadah,  372. 
sajahtera,  373. 
sajak,  359. 

sajauhana,  373. 
saji,  359- 
sak,  391. 

saka,  362. 
sakai,  363. 
sakal,  363. 
sakalsit,  391. 
sakaliyan,  392. 
sakan,  363. 
sakar,  362. 
sakarba,  392. 
sakat,  362. 
sakhS^wat,  373. 
sakhi,  373. 
sakhlat,  373. 


sakinah 


sakit, 
sakiy;  __, 
saksama 


y  392. 
,  362. 
an,  393. 

,  391- 
saksi,  391. 

saksi,  391. 
sakti,  391. 

saku,  363. 
sakutu,  392. 
sal,  363. 
salah,  364. 
salai,  365. 
salak,  364. 

salam,  364, 
salam,  395. 
saldmat,  395. 
salang,  364. 
salasilah,  396. 
salatin,  394. 
salaw4t,  435. 

salbu,  395. 
saleh,  365. 
salerah,  399. 
saletar,  399. 
sali,  365. 
salib,  435. 

salin,  364. 
salitar,  399. 
salla,  435. 
salor,  364. 
salorah,  398. 
salurah,  398. 
salut,  363. 
sama,  365. 
sam&',  400. 
samak,  365. 

saman,  366. 
samar,  365. 
samiwi,  401. 
sambal,  403. 
sambang,  402. 
sambar,  402. 
sambas,  402. 
sambat,  401. 
sambau,  404. 
sambil,  403. 
sambilan,  405. 
sambok,  403. 

sambong,  403. 
sambor,  402. 
sambut,  401. 
sami,  366. 
samim,  435. 

samir,  365. 
samista,  406. 


sampah,  408. 
sampai,  408. 
sampak,  407. 

sampan,  408. 
sampang,  407. 
sampar,  406. 
sampeyan,  409. 
sampil,  407, 
samping,  407. 
sampir,  406. 
sampok,  407. 

sampu,  408. 
sampul,  407. 
sampun,  408. 
samsam,  406. 
samsir,  406. 
samsu,  406. 
sam6m,  410. 
samun,  366. 
Sana,  366. 
sanak,  366. 

sanat,  410. 

sandang,  413. 

sandar,  413. 

sandarmalam,  413. 

sanding,  413. 

sandong,  413. 

sang,  384, 

sanga,  361. 

sangai,  361. 

sangaji,  384. 

sangat,  361. 

sangga,  388. 

sanggam,  389. 

sanggamara  (sangga),  388. 

sanggan,  389. 

sanggang,  388. 

sanggar,  388. 

sanggat,  388. 

sanggerah,  388. 

sanggit,  388. 

sanggor,  388. 

sanggu,  389. 

sanggiil,  389. 

sanggup,  389. 

sangit,  361. 

sangka,  385. 

sangkak,  387. 

sangkal,  387. 
sangkar,  386. 
sangkil,  387. 
sangkor,  386. 
sangku,  387. 
sangkun,  387. 
sangkut,  385. 
sangling,  389. 
sanglir,  389. 


SANGIiOK 


[    xliv    ] 


SiLiPA 


sanglok,  389. 
sanglong,  389. 
sangolon,  390. 
sangsara,  385. 
sangu,  361. 
sangulun,  390. 
sangyang,  390. 
santak,  411. 

santan,  412. 
santap,  411, 
santeri,  411. 
santok,  411. 

santun,  412. 
sanya,  433. 
sap,  390. 
sapa,  361. 
sapak,  361. 

sapantun,  391. 
sapar,  361. 
sapau,  362. 
saperti,  390. 
sapi,  362. 
sapih,  362. 
,sapir,  361. 
sapu,  362. 
sapiikal,  391. 
saput,  361. 
sar,  375. 
sara,  359. 
saraf,  435. 

sarak,  360. 

sarang,  360. 
sarangan,  376. 
sarap,  360. 
sarat,  360. 
sarati,  375. 
sarau,  360. 
sardAr,  377. 
sardi,  377. 
sari,  360. 
sarik,  360. 

saring,  360. 
sarip,  360. 
sarok,  360* 

saron,  360. 
sarong,  360. 
sarsar,  377. 
sartan,  377. 

saru,  360. 
sar6,  381. 
sarut,  360. 
sarwa,  381. 
sarwal,  381. 
sas,  383. 
sasa,  361. 
sasak,  361. 
sasap,  361. 
sasar,  361. 
sasau,  361. 
sastera,  383. 
sasterawan,  383. 
sa-suwatu,  384. 
sat,  370* 
sat,  434. 

satah,  384. 

satai,  359. 
satar,  384, 


satin,  358. 
satru  (seteru),  371. 
satu,  359. 
satwa,  372. 
sau,  415. 
saudagar,  417. 
saudara,  417. 
sauh,  367. 
saujana,  417. 
sank,  367. 

sawa,  366. 
saw4b,  435. 

sawah,  367. 
sawai,  367. 
sawan,  367. 
sawang,  366. 
sawar,  366. 
sawat,  366. 
sawi,  367. 
saya,  367. 
sayang,  368. 
sayap,  368. 
sayarat,  426. 
say  at,  367. 
sayong,  368. 
sayor,  368. 
sayu,  369. 
sayuman,  433, 
sayup,  368. 
se,  425. 
sebab,  369. 
sebahan,  369. 
sebai,  370. 
sebak,  370. 

sebak,  426. 

sebal,  370. 
sebalat,  369. 
sebam,  370. 
sebar,  369. 
sebarau,  369. 
sebasah,  369. 
sebat,  369. 
sebawa,  369. 
sebeh,  370. 
sebek,  370. 
sebekah,  370. 
seberang,  369. 
seberhana,  370. 
sebit,  369. 
sebok,  370. 

sebok,  426. 

sebong,  370. 
sebrang,  369. 
sebu,  370. 
sebun,  370. 
seburas,  370. 
seburut,  370. 
sebut,  369. 
secherek,  373, 

sechina,  373. 
sedak,  374. 
sedak,  427, 
sedal,  374. 
sedan,  374. 
sedang,  374. 
sedap,  374. 
sedar,  373. 


sedawi,  373. 
sedeh,  374. 
sedekah,  435. 

sedekala,  374. 

sedelinggam,  374. 

sederhana,  373. 

sederi,  374. 
I   sedesar,  374. 
I  sedikit,  375. 
j  sedingin,  375. 
I  sediya,  375. 
j  sedoh,  374. 

sedu,  374. 

sedut,  373. 

seduwayah,  374. 

sega,  393. 

segah,  393. 

segak,  393. 

segak,  431. 

segala,  393. 

segan,  393. 

seganda,  393. 

segar,  393. 

segara,  393. 

segarba,  393. 

segel,  431. 
;  segelinggam,  393. 
:  segera,  393. 

segerup,  393. 

segi,  394, 

segok,  431. 

seguntang,  393. 

seguro,  393. 

sehaja,  425. 
i  seharah,  425. 
j  sehaya,425. 
I  sehayan,  425. 

seher,  373. 

sehu,  433. 

sejak,  373. 

j  sejarah,  372, 
I  sejat,  372. 
sejok,  373. 

sejuk  (sejok),  373. 
sek,  391. 

sekah,  393. 
sekah,  431. 
sekam,  392. 
sekanda,  392. 
sekandar,  392. 
sekar,  392, 
sekara,  392. 
sekarang,  392. 
sekat,  392. 
sekati,  391. 
sekatimuna,  392. 
sekedomba,  392. 
sekedudok,  392. 

sekedup,  392. 
sekah,  431. 
sekeliyan,  392. 
sekSrba,  392. 
sekeretari,  392. 
sekerup,  392. 
sekhnlat,  373. 
sekiki,  393. 
sekin,  393. 
sekochi,  392. 


sekop,  392. 
sekopong,  393. 
sekot,  392. 
sekotah,  392. 
sekowi,  393. 
seksa,  391, 

seksama,  391. 

sekul,  392. 
sekunar,  393. 
y  392. 
.  392. 

ikuwik,  393. 


sekut, 
sekutu, 
sekuwi, 
se 

sel,  394. 
sela,  394. 
sela,  431. 
selada,  394. 
seladang,  394. 
seladeri,  394. 
selah,  398. 
selak,  432. 
selak,  396. 

selaka,  395. 
selalu,  395. 
selam,  397. 
selamat,  395. 
selamba,  397. 
selampai,  397. 
selampit,  397. 
selampuri,  397. 
selan,  432. 
selang,  396. 
selang,  432. 
selangat,  394. 
selangka,  396. 
selangor,  394. 
selap,  396. 
selaput,  394. 
selar,  395. 
selara,  394. 
selaroh,  394. 
selarong,  394. 
selasa,  394. 
selasar,  394. 
selaseh,  394. 
selasema,  396. 
selasi,  394. 
selat,  395. 
selatan,  394. 
selaya,  395. 
selayer,  395. 
selayun,  395. 
selayut,  395. 
selderi,  395. 
selebu,  395. 
seleder,  399. 
seledor,  399. 
seleguri,  397. 
selekeh,  399. 
selekoh,  399. 
selekor,  399. 
selSmbana,  397. 
selembayong,  397. 
selembubu,  397. 
selempang,  397. 
selempukau,  397. 
selendang,  397. 
selepa,  396. 


SiLEPANG 


[    xlv    ] 


s£;nja 


selepang,  399. 
selepat,  396. 
selepong,  396. 
sclera,  399. 
selerah,  399. 
seleret,  399. 
selesa,  399. 
selesai,  396. 
seleweng,  400. 
sell,  398. 
selidek,  399. 

seligi,  400. 
seligut,  400. 
selimbar,  397. 
selimpat,  397. 
selimut,  400. 
selinap,  400. 
selindong,  397. 
seling,  396. 
selip,  396. 
selipar,  399. 
selira,  399. 
seliran,  399. 
selirat,  399. 
seliri,  399. 
seliseh,  399. 
selisek,  399. 

selisir,  399. 
selit,  395. 
selitar,  399. 
seliyap,  399. 
seliyok,  399. 

selodang,  398. 
selok,  396. 
seloka,  398. 
selokat,  398, 
selomo,  398. 
selomor,  398. 
selomperet,  397. 
selong,  396. 
selongkang,  396. 
selongkar,  396. 
seloro,  398. 
seluar  (seluwar),  398. 
selubong,  398. 
seludang,  398. 
seludip,  398. 
seludu,  398. 
selukang,  398. 
selukat,  398. 
selukong,  398. 
selulup,  398. 
selumar,  398. 
selumbar,  397. 
selumbu,  397. 
selumput,  397. 
selumu,  398. 
sSlundat,  397. 
selungkang,  396. 
selungkar,  396. 
selup,  396. 
selupat,  398. 
selurai,  398. 
seluroh,  398. 
selusoh,  398. 
selut,  395. 
seluwang,  398. 
seluwar,  398. 
seluwi,  398. 


sema,  400. 
semah,  432. 
semai,  410. 
semaja,  400. 
semak,  409. 

semambu,  409. 
semampai,  409. 
seman,  432. 
seman,  409. 
semandar,  409. 
semang,  406. 
semangat,  400. 
semanggi,  406. 
semangi,  401. 
semangka,  406. 
semangkok,  406. 

semangu,  401. 

semanja,  409. 

semantan,  409. 

semar,  405. 

semarang,  400. 

semat,  405. 

semata,  400. 

semawang,  401. 

semayam,  401. 
I  sembah,  404. 
I  sembahyang,  405. 
'  sembam,  404. 
^  sembang,  403. 

sembat,  401. 

sembat,  401. 

sembawa,  401. 

sembawang,  401. 

sembawarna,  404. 

sembek,  403. 

sembeleh,  403. 
sembelewa,  404. 
sembelewah,  404. 
sembelit,  403. 
sembep,  403. 
semberang,  405. 
semberani,  402, 
semberap,  402. 
semberip,  402. 
sembeta,  405. 
sembilan,  405. 
sembilang,  405. 
sembilu,  405, 
sembir,  402, 
sembiyang,  405. 
semboh,  405. 
semboja,  404. 
sembok,  403. 

sembong,  403. 

sembor,  402. 

semboyan,  404. 
I  sembul,  403. 
'  sembuli,  404. 
i  sembulu,  404. 

sembuni,  404. 
!  sembunyi,  404. 

semburit,  404. 
I  semburna,  402. 
I  sembuwang,  404. 

semejak,  405. 

semejana,  405. 
semelawan,  409. 
sem^lit,  409. 


sememeh,  410. 
semena,  409, 
semenda,  409. 
semendal,  410. 
semendera,  409. 
semenderasa,  410. 
semenggah,  406. 
semenjak,  409. 
semenjana,  409. 
sementang,  409. 
sementara,  409. 
sementong,  409. 
semap,  406. 
semerbak,  405. 

semerbok,  405. 

semerdanta,  405. 
semesta,  406. 
semilang,  410. 
semilir,  410. 
seminai,  410. 
semista,  406. 
semiyang,  410. 
sempada,  406. 
sempadan,  406. 
sempak,  407. 

sempal,  407. 
sempana,  406. 
sempang,  407. 
sempat,  406. 
sempelah,  408. 
sempelat,  408. 
sempena,  408. 
sempera,  409. 
sempilai,  409. 
sempit,  406. 
sempiyan,  409. 
sempiyong,  409. 
sempok,  407. 

sempolong,  408. 
semporna,  407. 
sempuras,  408. 
sempurna,  407. 
semu,  410. 
semuchup,  410. 
semudera,  410. 
semugut,  410. 
semunding,  410. 
semut,  405. 
semuwa,  410. 
sen,  410. 
sena,  410. 
sena,  432. 
senaip,  410. 
senak,  415. 

senam,  415, 
senamaki,  415, 
senang,  415. 
senangin,  410. 
senantiyasa,  415. 
senapang,  410. 
senat,  410. 
senawi,  410. 
senayan,  410. 
senda,  413. 
sendal,  414. 
sendalu,  413. 
sendar,  413. 
sendat,  413. 


sendawa,  413. 
sendel,  414. 
sendeng,  414. 
sender,  413, 
sendereh,  413. 
senderong,  413. 
sendi,  414, 
sendiri,  415. 
sendochong,  414, 
sendok,  414, 

sendong,  413. 
sendu,  414. 
sendudok,  414, 

senentiyasa,  415. 
senetiyasa,  412. 
seneyin,  415. 
sengaja,  384. 
sengal,  389. 
sengam,  389, 
sengangkang,  385. 
sengap,  385. 
sengarat,  384. 
sengaring,  384. 
sengat,  384. 
sengau,  390. 
senget,  429. 
senggama,  388. 
senggara,  388. 
senggau,  389. 
senggayut,  388. 
sengget,  388. 
senggok,  389. 

senggugu,  389. 
senggugut,  389. 
senggulong,  389. 
senggut,  388. 
sengit,  384. 
sengkak,  387. 

sengkal,  387. 
sengkala  (sengkela),  387. 
sengkalan,  385. 
sengkamit,  385. 
sengkang,  386. 
sengkang,  386, 
sengkar,  386. 
sengkarut,  385. 
sengkat,  385. 
sengkayan,  385. 
sengkela,  387. 
sengkelang,  387. 
sengkelang,  388, 
sengkelap,  387. 
sengkelat,  387, 
sengkelat,  388. 
sengkeling,  387. 
sengkelit,  387. 
sengkenit,  387. 
sengkil,  387. 
sengkol,  387. 
sengkol,  387. 
sengkuwang,  388. 
sengkuwap,  388. 
sengongot,  390. 
sengsat,  385. 
sengse,  385* 
sengseng,  385. 
seni,  415. 
senja,  412. 


s£njak 


[    xlvi    ] 


SHAHADAT 


senjak,  412. 
senjakala,  412. 
senjata,  412. 
senjing,  412. 
senjolek,  413, 
senjolong,  412. 
senjong,  412. 
senjulek,  413. 

sennyak,  415. 
sennyampang,  415. 
sennyap,  415. 
sennyar,  415. 
sennyor,  415. 
sennyum,  415. 
senohong,  4I5. 
senonggang,  415. 
senonoh,  415. 
senta,  411. 
senta,  411. 
sentada,  411. 
sentadu,  411. 
sentagi,  411. 
sentak,  411. 

sentaka,  411. 
sental,  412. 
sentana,  411. 
sentap,  411. 
senteng,  411. 
senteri,  411. 
sentil,  412. 
sentiyasa,  412, 
sentoh,  412. 
sentok,  412. 
sentolar,  412. 
sentong,  411. 
sentosa,  412. 
sentul,  412. 
senubal,  415. 
senubul,  415. 
senuhun,  415. 
sepah,  391. 
sepah,  430. 
sepai,  391. 
sepakj  390. 

sepak,  430. 
sSpam,  391. 
sepan,  391. 
sepang,  390. 
separo,  390. 
sepat,  390. 
sepatu,  390. 
sepegoh,  391. 
sepeku,  391. 
seper,  430. 
seperai,  390. 
seperba,  390. 
seperti,  390. 
sepet,  390. 
sepet,  430. 
sepi,  391. 
sepiguh,  391. 
sepik,  390. 

sSpit,  390. 
sepoh,  391. 
sepok,  390. 

septembar,  390. 
sgpuleh,  391. 


seput,  390. 
sepuwi,  391. 
ser,  375. 
sera,  375. 
serabai,  375, 
serabut,  375. 
seradong,  375. 
seraga,  376. 
serah,  428. 
serah,  382. 
serahi,  376. 
serai,  382. 
serak,  428. 

serak,  378. 

seram,  379. 
seram,  428. 
serama,  376. 
serambi,  380. 
serampang,  380. 
serampin,  380. 
seran,  428. 
serana,  376. 
seranah,  376. 
serandang,  380. 
serandib,  380. 
serandong,  381. 
serang,  378. 
serang,  427, 
serangga,  378. 
seranggoh,  378. 
seranggong,  378. 
serangkak,  378. 

serani,  376. 
seranta,  380. 
scrap,  428. 
scrap,  378. 
serapah,  376. 
serapeh,  376. 
serasa,  375. 
serasah,  376. 
serasi,  376. 
serat,  377. 
seratong,  375. 
serau,  381. 
serawa,  376. 
serawak,  376. 

serawan,  376. 
serawas,  376. 
seraya,  376. 
serba,  376. 
serbah,  377. 
serban,  377. 
serbas,  377. 
serbat,  376. 
serbeh,  377. 
serbet,  377. 
serbi,  377. 
sSrbok,  377, 

serbu,  377. 
serdadu,  377. 
serebok,  377. 

serebu,  377. 
sgredak,  377. 

seredam,  377. 
seredang,  377. 
seredeh,  377. 
seregah,  379. 
seregam,  379. 


seregap,  379. 
seregut,  379. 
serek,  428. 

serek,  379- 
serekah,  379. 
serekai,  379. 
serekap,  379. 
serekup,  379. 
serelah,  379. 
serelang,  379. 
sereling,  379. 
serelum,  379. 
seremban,  380. 
serembap,  380. 
serempak,  380. 

serempok,  380, 

serempu,  380. 
Serena,  380. 
serenap,  381. 
serendah,  381. 
serendeng,  381. 
serendib,  380. 
serengam,  378. 
serengga,  378. 
serenjang,  380. 
serenta,  380. 
serepa,  378. 
serepai,  378. 
serepeh,  378, 
seresah,  377. 
seret,  427. 
seret,  377. 
seretup,  377. 
seri,  382. 
sending,  383. 
serigala,  383. 
serikat,  383. 
serikaya,  383. 
serindai,  381. 
serindit,  380. 
sering,  378. 
seringai,  383. 
seriwa,  383. 
seriwang,  383. 
seriyan,  383. 
seriyap,  383. 
seriyat,  383. 
seriyau,  383. 
seriyawan,  383. 
serja,  377. 
serjan,  377. 
sermangin,  380. 
serobeh,  381. 
seroda,  381. 
serodi,  381. 
seroh,  382. 
seroh,  428. 
seroja,  381. 
serok,  379. 

serok,  428. 
serombong,  380. 
seron,  428. 
serong,  427. 
seronggong,  378. 
seronok,  381. 

seronot,  381. 
serot,  377. 
serpa,  378. 


serta,  377. 
seru,  381. 
seru,  428. 
serul,  379. 
serunai,  382. 
serunding,  381. 
serunjong,  380. 
seruntun,  380. 
serupeh,  381. 
serut,  377. 
seruwi,  382. 
seruwit,  381. 
sesagun,  383. 
sesah,  384. 
sesak,  383. 

sesal,  383. 
sesap,  383, 
sesar,  383. 
sesat,  383. 
sesawi,  383. 
sesekan,  383. 
sesema,  384. 
sesorok,  384. 

sesumpit,  384. 
seta,  371. 
setabal,  371. 
setaka,  371. 
setakona,  371. 
setal,  371. 
setambun,  371. 
setampin,  371. 
setan,  426. 
setanggar,  371. 
setanggi,  371. 
setar,  371. 
setawar,  371. 
setera,  371. 
seterawan,  371. 
seteriman,  371. 
seteriya,  371, 
seterong,  371. 
seteru,  371. 
seterup,  371. 
seti,  372. 
setinggar,  371. 
setinggi,  371. 
setinja,  371. 
setiya,  372. 
setiyabu,  372. 
setiyal,  372. 
setiyawan,  372. 
setoka,  372. 
setolop,  372. 
setongkong,  371. 
setori,  372. 
setru  (seteru),  371. 
setu,  372. 
setuka,  372. 
setul,  371. 
setuwa,  372. 
sewa,  433. 
sewah,  433. 
sewal,  433. 
sha'ban,  434. 
shib4sh,  433. 
shafakat,  434. 

shafii  433. 
shah,  433. 
shahMat,  434. 


SHAHBANDAR 


[     xlvii     ] 


SOWAH 


shahbandar,  434. 
shahdan,  434. 
shahid,  434. 
shahid,  433. 
shahmura,  434. 
shahr,  434. 
shahwat,  434. 
shaikh,  434. 
sha'ir,  434. 
sha*ir,^  433. 
sha'Iri,  434. 
shaitan,  434. 

shaitani,  434. 
shajrah,  433. 
shak,  434. 
shakar,  434. 
shal,  433. 
sham,  433. 
shams,  434. 
shamshir,  434. 
shamsiyah,  434. 
shara',  433. 
sharab,  433. 
sharat,  433. 

sharbat,  433. 
shari'at,  433. 
shartf,  433. 
sharik,  433. 
shartkat,  434. 
shatar,  434. 

shatranj,  434. 

shawal,  434. 

shawwal,  434. 

shin,  434. 

shufa*at,  434. 

shughul,  434, 

shuktir,  434. 

shurga,  433. 

si,  425. 

sia  (siya),  425. 

siah  (siyah),  433. 

siak  (siyak),  430. 

siakap  (siyakap)  426. 

sial  (siyal),  431. 

sialang  (siyalang),  426. 

siamang  (siyamang),  426. 

siang  (siyang),  429. 

siap  (siyap),  429. 

siapa,  426. 

sibang  (sibok),  426. 

sibar,  426. 
sibok,  426. 

sibor,  426. 
sida,  426. 
sidaguri,  374. 
sidai,  427. 
sidang,  427. 
sidat,  427. 
sidek,  427. 
siding,  427. 
sifat,  435- 
sigai,  431. 
sigam,  431. 
sigap,  431- 
sigar,  431. 
sigera,  393. 
sigi,  431. 


sigong,  431. 
sih,  425. 
sihat,  435. 
sihir,  373. 

sijil,  373. 
sik,  391. 

sikap,  430. 
sikat,  430. 
sikin,  431. 
sikkah,  393. 
sikkin,  393. 
siksa,  391, 

siku,  431. 
sikudidi,  392. 
sila,  431. 
silah,  394. 
silah,  432. 
silam,  432. 
silampukau,  397. 
silang,  432. 
silap,  432. 
silasari,  395. 
silasilah,  396. 
silat,  432. 
silau,  432. 
sileh,  432. 
siHr,  432. 
silsilat,  395. 
silu,  432. 
siluman,  398. 
sima,  432. 
simbah,  405. 
simbai,  405. 
simbak,  403, 

simbang,  403. 
simbar,  402. 
simbat,  401. 
simbok,  403. 

simpai,  409. 
simpan,  408. 
simpang,  407. 
simpir,  406. 
simpoh,  408. 
simpor,  407. 
simpul,  407, 
simun,  432. 
sin,  432. 
sina,  432. 
sinar,  432. 
sindap,  414. 
sindat,  413. 
sinding,  414. 
sindir,  413. 
sindura,  414. 
sing,  384. 
singa,  429. 
singam,  429. 
singga,  388.  ^ 
singgah,  389. 
singgahsana,  389. 
singgan,  389. 
singgang,  388. 
singgasana,  388. 
singgat,  388. 
singgul,  389. 
singit,  429. 
singkap,  386. 
singkat,  383. 


singke,  388. 
singketa,  388. 
singkil,  387. 
singkir,  386, 
singkiir,  386. 
singsing,  385. 
sini,  432. 
sinjoh,  413. 
sintar,  411. 
sinting,  411. 
sintok,  412. 

sintul,  412. 

sinyor,  433. 

sioman  (siyoman),  433. 

siong  (siyong),  429. 

sipahi,  390. 

sipai,  430. 

sipat,  430. 

sipi,  430. 

sipir,  430. 

sipit,  430. 

sipu,  430. 

siput,  430. 

sipuwa,  430. 

sir,  375. 

sira,  427, 

sirah,  428. 

sirai,  428. 

siram,  428. 

siranjana,  380. 

sirat,  427. 

sirat,  376. 

sir4t,  435. 

sireh,  428. 

siring,  427. 

sirip,  428. 
I  sisa,  428. 
I  siseh,  429. 
I  sisek,  429. 

I  sisi,  429. 
sisil,  429. 
sisip,  429. 
sisir,  429. 
sit,  371. 
sita,  426. 
sitak,  426. 

sitar,  426. 
sitin,  426. 
siting,  426. 
sitti,  372. 
situ,  426. 
situn,  426. 
siul  (siyul),  431. 
siwalan,  416. 
siya,  425. 
siyah,  433. 
siyak,  430. 

siyakap,  426. 
siyal,  431. 
siyalang,  426. 
siyam,  432. 
siyamang,  426. 
siyamul,  426. 
siyanang,  426. 
siyang,  429. 
siyap,  429. 
siyar,  427. 
siyisat,  426. 


siyat,  426. 

siyau,  433. 

siyoman,  433. 

siyong,  429. 

siyor,  427. 

siyuh,  433. 

siyul,  431. 

siyut,  426. 

sluar  (seluwar),  398. 

slut  (selut),  395. 

smut  (semut),  405. 

snapang  (senapang),  410. 

soal  (suwal),  416. 

sobat,  416. 

sobok,  416. 

sodok,  417. 

sofi,  421. 
soga,  422. 
sogang,  422. 
sogeh,  422. 
sogok,  422. 

soh,  425. 
soja,  417. 
sok,  391. 

sokma,  391. 

sokom,  422. 
sokong,  422. 
solak,  423. 

soldadu,  395. 
solek,  423. 
solok,  423. 

som,  400. 
sombong,  403. 
sompek,  407. 

sompoh,  408. 
sompok,  407. 

sonak,  424. 

sondeh,  414. 
sondol,  414. 
sondong,  414. 
sonet,  424. 
songar,  421. 
songel,  421. 
songket,  386. 
songkok,  387^ 

songkom,  387. 
songkong,  386. 
songgeng,  389, 
songget,  388, 
songsang,  383, 
songseng,  383. 
songsong,  383. 
sontok,  412. 
sopak,  421. 
sopan,  421. 
sopi,  421. 
sopoh,  421. 
sorak,  418. 

sorang,  418. 
sore,  419. 
sorga,  379. 
sorok,  419. 
sorong,  418. 
sotong,  417, 
sowah,  424. 


i\ 


SOYAK 


[     xlviii     ] 


TADZKIRAT 


soyak,  424. 
soyat,  424. 
sri  (seri),  382. 
srigala  (serigala),  383. 
srikaya  (serikaya),  383. 
srindit  (serindit),  380. 
sriiig  (sering),  378. 
sriwa  (seriwa),  383. 
sru  (serii),  381. 
srunai  (serunai),  382, 
stanggi  (setanggi),  371. 
su,  415. 

sua  (suwa),  416. 
suai  (suwai)j  424. 
suak  (suwak),  421. 

sual  (suwal),  416. 
suam  (suwam),  424. 
suami  (suwami),  416. 
suap  (suwap),  421. 
suara  (suwara),  416. 
suarga  (suwarga),  419. 
siiasa  (suwasa),  416. 
suatii  (suwatu),  416. 
subal,  416. 
subam,  416. 
suban,  416. 
subang,  416. 
subek,  416. 
subhana^  369. 
suboh,  435. 
subor,  416. 
suchi,  417. 
suda,  417. 
sudah,  417,  374. 
sudang,  417. 
sudap,  417. 
sudara,  417,  373- 
sudi,  417. 
sudip,  417. 
sudor,  417. 
sudu,  417, 
suduk,  417. 

sudut,  417* 

suf,  435- 
sufi,  421. 
sufrah,  390. 
suga,  422. 
sugar,  422. 
sugi,  422. 
sugun,  422. 


suhbat,  435. 
suhun,  424. 
suja,  417. 
sujana,  372. 
suji,  417. 
sujud,  373. 
sujut,  417. 
suka,  421. 
sukachita,  392. 
sukahati,  393. 
sukar,  422,  392. 
sukat,  422. 
sukor,  422. 
suku,  422. 
sukum,  422. 
sukun,  422. 
sukur,  422. 
sula,  423. 
sulah,  424. 
sulaiman,  400. 
sulalat,  395. 
sulam,  423. 
sulang,  423. 
sulap,  423. 
sulasih,  394. 
sulbi,  395. 
suldi,  395. 
suleh,  424. 
suli,  424. 
suling,  423. 
sulip,  423. 
sulit,  423. 
suliwatang,  424. 
suliyong,  399. 
suloh,  424. 
sulong,  423. 
sulor,  423. 
sultan,  396. 

sultanat,  396. 
sultani,  396. 
sulu,  424. 
suma,  424. 
sumbang,  403. 
sumbar,  402. 
sumbat,  401. 
sumbi,  405. 
sumbing,  403. 
sumbu,  404. 
sumbul,  403. 
I  sumor,  424. 


sumpah,  408. 
sumpat,  406. 
sumpil,  408. 
sumpit,  406. 
sumsum,  406. 
sunan,  424. 
sunat  (sunnat),  410. 
sunbuk,  410. 

sunbulat,  410. 
sundal,  414. 
sundang,  414. 
sundus,  413. 
sunet,  424. 
sungai,  421. 
sungar,  421. 
sungga,  388. 
sungil,  421. 
sungkal,  387, 
sungkap,  386. 
sungkit,  386. 
sungkor,  386. 
sungkup,  387. 
sungu,  421. 
sungut,  421. 
sunjam,  412. 
sunnat,  410. 
sunni,  415. 
sunteh,  412. 
sunti,  412. 
sunting,  411. 
suntiyabu,  412. 
suntok,  412. 
sunyi,  424. 
sup,  390. 
supai,  421. 
supaya,  390. 
sur,  418. 
sur,  375. 
sura,  418. 
surah,  419. 
surahi,  435. 
surai,  419. 
suralaya,  419. 
suram,  419. 
surat,  418. 
surati,  375, 
surau,  419. 
suraya,  376. 
surdi,  377. 
surga,  379, 
suri,  419. 


sunn,  419. 
suriyan,  419. 
suriydni,  383. 
surmah,  380. 
suroh,  419. 
surut,  418. 
susah,  420. 
susang,  420. 
susoh,  421. 
susok,  420. 
susong,  420. 
susor,  419. 
susu,  420. 
susuhunan,  384. 
susul,  420. 
susun,  420. 
susunan  (susun),  420. 
susup,  420. 
susut,  419. 
sut,  371. 
sutan,  417. 
sutera,  371. 
sutli,  371. 
sutoh,  417. 
sutra  (sutera),  371. 
suwa,  416. 
suwah,  424. 
suwai,  424. 
suwaji,  416. 
suwak,  421. 
suwaka,  416. 
suwal,  416. 
suwala,  416. 
suwalap,  416. 
suwam,  424. 
suwami,  416. 
suwang,  421. 
suwangi,  416. 
suwap,  421. 
suwar,  418. 
suwara,  416. 
suwarga,  419. 
suwari,  416. 
suwasa,  416. 
suwasti,  419. 
suwat,  416. 
suwatu,  416. 
suwil,  423. 
suwir,  418. 
suwit,  416. 


T,  T,  TL,  TH. 


Ta,  146. 
ta,  436. 

ta'abid,  147. 
ta*ajub,  166, 
ta'ala,  165. 
ta'alik,  166. 

ta'aluk,  166. 

ta'Hm,  436. 

tA'at,  436. 


taba',  157. 
tabah,  147. 
tabak,  146. 

tabak,  436. 
tabal,  146. 
tabal,  436. 

taban,  146. 
tabaraka,  157. 
tabariyyat,  157. 
tabek,  146. 


tabiS  157.       . 
tabi*at,  436. 
tabib,  436. 
ta'bir,  166. 
tabir,  146, 
tabligh,  158. 
taboh,  147. 
tabohan,  158. 
tabok,  146. 

tabong,  146. 


tabor,  146. 
tabun,  146. 
tabut,  146, 
tabtit,  146. 
tada,  148. 
tadah,  148. 
ta*dar,  166. 
tadblr,  159. 
tadi,  148. 
tadong,  148. 
tadzkirat,  160. 


TAPAHUS 


[     ^li^     J 


TAUNG 


tafahus,  173. 

tafakkur,  173. 
t^fatah,  151. 
tafsir,  173. 
tagai,  153. 
tagak, 152. 

tagal,  152. 
tagan,  152. 
tagar,  152. 
tageh,  153. 
tagerak,  176. 

tagil,  152. 
tagor,  152. 
tah,  206. 
tahaffudl,  159. 
tahallil,  159. 
tahan,  156. 
tahana,  206. 
tahang,  156. 
tahar,  156. 
tahi,  156. 
tahil,  156. 
tahir,  436. 

tahlil,  206. 
tahrif,  159. 
tahu,  156. 
tahim,  156. 
talf,  436. 
tair,  436. 

tairu,  208. 
tais,  208. 

taj,  147- 
tajak,  147. 

tajaili,  159. 
tajam,  148. 
tajang,  147. 
tajau,  148. 
taji,  148. 
tajin,  148. 
taj  ok,  148. 

tajong,  147. 
taj  or,  147. 
tajuhan,  159. 
tajwid,  159. 
tak,  175. 

takabbur,  175. 
takah,  152. 
takai,  152. 
takak,  152. 

takal,  152. 
takan,  152. 
takar,  152. 
takat,  151. 
takbir,  175. 

takbir,  175. 
takdir,  175. 

takdis,  175. 
takek,  152. 
takhayyul,  159. 
takhta,  159. 
taki,  152. 
taklid,  175. 

taklif,  176. 
takoh, 152. 
takok,  152. 
takong, 152. 


takor,  152. 
takrim,  175. 
takrir,  175. 
taksir,  175. 

takiit,  152. 
takwim,  175. 

tal'a,  153. 
talai,  153. 
takk,  153. 
talak,  436. 

talam,  153. 
talan,  153. 
talang,  153. 
talar,  153. 
talek,  153, 

tali/ 153. 
talki,  178. 

talkin,  178. 

talii,  153. 
talun,  153. 
tarn,  179. 
tamaS  436. 
tamah,  154. 
tamam,  180. 
taman,  154. 
tamar,  154,  185. 
tamasha,  180. 
tambah,  184. 
tambak,  181. 

tambal,  182. 
tamban,  183. 
tambang,  181. 
tambar,  180. 
tambat,  180. 
tambera,  180. 
tambi,  184. 
tamboh,  184. 
tambong,  181. 
tambor,  180. 
tambuh,  184. 
tambul,  182. 
tambim,  183. 
tambur,  180. 
tambus,  181. 
tameng,  154. 
tamjid,  185. 
tammat,  185. 
tamok,  154. 

tampak,  187. 
tampal,  188. 
tampan,  188. 
tampang,  186. 
tampar,  186. 
tampas,  186. 
tampek,  187. 

tampenis  (tempinis),  190. 
tampi,  189. 
tampil,  188. 
tampin,  188. 
tampok,  187. 

tampong,  187. 
tampu,  188. 
tampun,  188. 
tamthil,  185. 
tamu,  154. 
tamyil,  191. 


tan,  191. 
tanaffus,  195. 
tanah,  154. 
:   tanak,  154. 

tanam,  154. 
tanang,  154. 
tanar,  154. 
:    tanbiyyat,  191. 
tanbur,  191. 
tanda,  193. 
tandak,  194, 

;  tandam,  194. 

i  tandan,  194. 

j  tandang,  193. 

!  tandas,  193. 

j  tandil,  194. 

I  tanding,  193. 
tandok,  194. 

tandu,  194. 
tandun,  194, 
tandur,  193. 
tandas,  193. 
tang,  166. 
tangan,  150. 
tangas,  150, 
tangga,  170. 
tanggah,  173. 
tanggak,  171. 

tanggal,  171. 
tanggam,  173. 
tanggang,  170. 
tanggar,  170. 
tanggi,  173. 
tanggoh,  173. 
tanggok,  171. 

tanggol,  171. 
tanggong,  170. 
tangir,  150. 
tangis,  150. 
tangkai,  170. 
tangkal,  169, 
tangkap, i68. 
tangkas,  167. 
tangki,  170. 
tangkil,  169. 
tangkir,  167. 
tangkis,  167. 
tangkul,  169. 
tangkup,  168. 
tanglong,  173. 
tangsi,  166. 
tani,  155. 
tanjak,  192. 

tanjan,  192. 
tanjol,  192. 
tanjong,  192. 
tanju,  192. 
tannur,  195. 
tantan,  191. 
tantera,  191. 
tanti,  192. 
tanya,  157. 
tanzil,  195. 
tapa,  151. 
tapah,  151. 
tapai,  151. 
tapak,  151. 

tapang,  151. 


tapeh,  151. 
tapekong,  175. 
:   tapi,  151. 
tapis,  151. 
tapok,  151. 

i   tapong,  15  T. 
'   tapsil,  174. 
'   tar,  160. 
}   tara,  148. 
I   taraf,  436. 

tarah,  149. 

taram,  149. 
I   tarang,  148. 

tarasiil,  160. 

tarawih,  161. 

tarazu,  160. 
!   tarbantin,  161. 

tarbil,  161. 
tarek,  149. 

I   tari,  150. 
I   tarikh,  150. 
I  taring,  149. 
:   taris,  148. 
:  tarjamah,  161. 
I  tarjaman,  161. 

tarkash,  163. 

taroh,  149. 

tarok,  149. 

tarong,  149. 
tarpin,  163. 
tarsai,  162. 
tartib,  161. 
tarn,  149. 
tarum,  149. 
tas,  165. 
tasai,  150. 
tasak,  150. 

tasbih,  165. 
tasdik,  165. 
tasek,  150. 
tashdid,  165. 
tashrikh,  165. 
tashwish,  165. 
taslim,  165. 
tasrif,  165. 
tatah,  147. 
tatal,  147. 
tatang,  147. 
tatap,  147. 
tateh,  147. 
tateng,  147. 
tatkala,  159. 
ta'tlim,  166. 
tatii;,  147, 
tauchang,  197. 
tauflk,  199. 
tauge,  202. 
tauhid,  197. 
tauke,  201, 
taukil,  201. 
taul,  155. 
taul,  436. 
taulan,  203, 
taulat,  202. 
ti^un,  436. 

taung,  155. 


TAURAT 


[    1    ] 


TENGKALAK 


taurat,  198. 
taut,  155. 
tawa,  155. 
tawdf,  436. 
tawafi,  195. 
tawak,  155. 

tawakkul,  201. 
tawan,  156. 
tawang,  155. 
tawar,  155. 
tawarikhj  195. 
tawarrak,  199. 
tawarud,  195. 
tawas,  155. 
taSvtl,  166. 
tawon,  156. 
ta*ziyah,  166. 
tebah,  158. 
tebak,  207. 

tebakang,  157, 
tebal,  158. 
teban,  158. 
teban,  207. 
tebang,  157. 
tebar,  206. 
tebas,  157. 
tebat,  157. 
tebeng,  157. 
tebeng,  207. 
tebera,  157. 
teberau,  157. 
tebing,  157. 
tebok,  158. 

tebok,  207. 

tebrau  (teberau),  157. 

tebu,  158. 

tebuan  (tebuwan),  158. 

tebuhan,  158. 

tebus,  157. 

tebuwan,  158, 

techi,  208. 

tedas,  159. 

tedoh,  160. 

tedong,  159. 

tefekor  (tafakkur),  173. 

tegah,  177. 

tegak,  177, 

tegaf,  177. 

tegang,  176. 

tegap,  176. 

tegar,  176. 

tegarun,  176. 

tegil,  177. 

tegoh,  177. 

tegok,  177. 

tegor,  176. 

tegun,  177. 

teh,  206. 

tehadi,  206. 

teja,  207. 

teji,  208. 

tek,  175. 

teica,  175. 

tekah,  176. 

tekak,  176. 

tekam,  176. 
tekan,  176. 


tekang,  176. 

tekap,  176. 

tekaru,  175, 

tekarun,  175. 

tekat,  175. 

tekebor  (takabbur),  175. 

tekek,  176. 

teki,  176, 
tekis,  175. 
tekoh,  176. 
tekoh,  210. 
tekpi,  175. 

teku,  176. 
tekukor,  176. 
tekun,  176. 
tekup,  176. 
tekuwa,  176. 
tekwa,  176. 
tela,  177. 
tela,  210. 
teladan,  177. 
telaga,  177. 
telah,  179. 
telampong,  178. 
telan,  178. 
telan,  210. 
telang,  178. 
telangkai,  178. 
telangkup,  178. 
telanjang,  179. 
telanjor,  178. 
telantar,  178. 
telap,  178. 
telapak,  177. 

telatah,  177. 
telau,  179. 
telayan,  177. 
teledor,  179. 
telekan,  178. 
telekap,  178. 
telekong,  178. 
teleku,  178. 
telempap,  178. 
telenan,  179. 
teleng,  210. 
telengkah,  178. 
telepa,  178. 
telepok,  178. 

telepok,  179. 
telerang,  179. 
telinga,  179. 
telipok,  179, 
telok,  178. 
telor,  177. 
telor,  210. 
telu,  179. 
telukup,  179, 
telunjok,  179. 

telut,  177. 
temabor,  179. 
temah,  191. 
temali,  180. 
teman,  190. 
temandang,  190. 
temaram,  179. 
temarang,  179. 
temas,  185. 
tembadau,  180. 


tembaga,  180. 
tembak,  182. 

tembakang,  180, 
tembakau,  180. 
tembaki,  180. 
tembakul,  180. 
tembam,  183. 
temban,  183. 
tembang,  181. 
tembangau,  180, 
tembatar,  180. 
tembatu,  180. 
tembek,  182. 

tembekar,  184, 
tembel,  182. 
tembelang,  183. 
tembeliyong,  183. 
tembelok,  185. 

tembera,  180. 
temberak,  184. 

temberang,  184. 
tembereh,  181. 
temberek,  184. 

tembereng,  181. 
tembereng,  184. 
tembesu,  181. 
tembi,  184. 
tembikai,  185. 
tembikar,  184. 
tembilang,  185. 
tembilok,  185. 

tembiring,  184. 
tembok,  182. 
tembok,  182. 
tembolok,  183. 
tembokor,  183. 
tembong,  181. 
tembop,  181. 
tembosa,  183. 
tembuku,  183. 
tembun,  183. 
tembuni,  183. 
tembus,  181. 
tembusu,  183. 
temegun,  190. 
temenggong,  185. 
temenong,  190. 
temetu,  185. 
temidak,  igi. 

temilang,  191. 
temin,  190. 
temiyang,  191. 
temoleh,  191. 
temolok,  191. 
temot,  185. 
tempa,  185. 
tempah,  189, 
tempala,  185. 
tempang,  187. 
tempap,  187. 
tempat,  186. 
tempaus,  185. 
tempawan,  186. 
tempayak,  186. 

tempayan,  186. 
tempe,  190. 


tempedak,  190. 

tempek,  188. 

tempel,  188. 
tempelak,  188. 

tempeleng,  190. 
temperas,  186. 
temperas,  190. 
temperau,  186. 
tempinah,  190. 
tempinis,  190. 
tempit,  186. 
tempiyar,  190. 
tempiyas,  190. 
tempo,  188. 
tempoh,  189. 
tempolong,  189. 
temponek,  189. 

tempong,  187. 
temporok,  189. 

temporong,  189. 
tempoyak,  189, 

tempoyong,  189. 
tempuling,  189. 
tempunai,  189. 
tempuras,  189. 
tempurong,  189. 
tempuwa,  188, 
tempuwi,  189. 
temu,  190. 
temuchut,  190. 
temukus,  191. 
temukut,  191. 
temurat,  190. 
temurun,  190. 
temut,  185. 
tenang,  195. 
tenar,  195. 
tenat,  191. 
tenda,  193. 
tendang,  193. 
tendas,  193. 
teng,  166. 
tengadah,  166. 
tengah,  173. 
tengar,  166. 
tengek,  166. 

tenggak,  171. 

tenggala,  170. 
tenggalong,  170. 
tenggan,  173. 
tenggang,  170. 
tenggara,  170. 
tenggarun,  170. 
tenggat,  170. 
tenggayong,  170. 
tenggayun,  170. 
tenggek,  171. 
tenggek,  171. 
tenggelam,  172. 
tenggelong,  172. 
tengger,  170. 
tenggiling,  173. 
tenggiri,  173. 
tengguli,  173. 
tenggulong,  173. 
tengkada,  167. 
tengkalak,    167. 


TfiNGKALANG 


[     li     ] 


TIRI 


tengkalang,  167. 
tengkalok,  167. 

tengkalong,  167. 
tengkam,  169. 
tengkang,  168. 
tengkar,  167. 
tengkarap,  167. 
tengkawang,  167. 
tengkayong,  167. 
tengkel,  169. 
tengkelang,  170. 
tengkeng,  168, 
tengkerong,  170. 
tengking,  168. 
tengkis,  167. 
tengkoh,  169. 
tengkok,  168, 

tengkok,  168. 
tengkolok,  169. 
tengkorak,  169. 
tengku,  169. 
tengkulun,  169. 
tengkuyong,  169. 
tenglong,  173. 
tengoh,  173. 
tengok,  209. 

tengsi,  166. 
teniring,  195. 
tennyeh,  195. 
tenok,  195, 

tenol,  195. 
tenong,  195. 
tenong,  211. 
tentampan,  191. 
tentang,  191. 
tentang,  191. 
tentapan,  191. 
tentawan,  191. 
tentayu,  191. 
tentu,  192. 
tentuban,  192. 
tentulang,  192. 
tenturun,  192. 
tenun,  195. 
tepak,  174. 

tepak,  209, 
tepam,  174. 
tepang,  174. 
teparam,  174. 
tepas,  174. 
tepat,  174. 
tepayan,  174. 
tepeh,  209. 
tepek,  174. 

tepek,  209. 
teper,  209. 
teperling,  174. 
tepi,  175. 
tepis,  174. 
tepoh,  2og. 
tepok,  174. 

tepok,  209. 
tepong,  174. 
teptibau,  174. 
tepu,  175. 
tepus,  174. 


tera,  160. 
terabar,  160. 
terabong,  160. 
terabu,  160, 
terada,  160. 
teragil,  161. 
terai,  164. 
terajam,  160. 
terajang,  160. 
teraju,  160. 
terak,  163. 

teral,  163. 
teraling,  161. 
teran,  164. 
teranas,  161. 
terang,  162. 
terangkera,  162. 
terap,  162, 
terap,  208. 
terapang,  161. 
teras,  162. 
terasi,  160. 
terat,  161. 
teratai,  160. 
teratak,  160. 

teratu,  i6o. 
terau,  164. 
terawang,  161. 
terawangsa,  164. 
terbang,  161. 
terbet,  161. 
terbit,  161. 
terbul,  161. 
terbus,  161. 
terbut,  161. 
terebis,  161. 
terejal,  161. 
terejang,  161. 
terejing,  161. 
terek,  163. 
terekap,  163. 
terekup,  163. 
teremal,  164. 
terenah,  164. 
terenak,  164. 

terenang,  164. 
terendak,  164. 

terentang,  164. 
terepa,  163. 
teri,  165. 
teriba,  165. 
terigu,  165. 
terima,  165. 
teringket,  162. 
teripang,  165. 
terisiila,  162. 
teritek,  165. 

teriti,  165. 
teritip,  165. 
teriyak,  165. 

teriyujong,  165. 
terjun,  161. 
terka,  163. 
terkam,  163. 
terkap,  163. 
terki,  163. 
terkul,  163. 
terkup,  163. 


termasa,  163. 
terok,  163. 

teromba,  163. 
terompah,  164. 

terompak,  164. 

terompet,  163. 
terona,  164. 
terong,  162. 
terongko,  162. 
teropong,  164. 
terpa,  163. 
terpal,  163. 
terpul,  163. 
tersu,  162. 
tertawa,  161. 
tertib,  161. 
terubok,  164. 

terubong,  164. 
terubul,  164. 
terum,  163. 
terumba,  163. 
terumbu,  163, 
teruntum,  164. 
terup,  162, 
terus,  162. 
terusi,  164. 
teruwilu,  164. 
tesi,  208. 
tetabas,  158. 
tetak,  159. 

tetal,  159. 
tetampan,  159. 
tetap,  158. 
tetapi,  158. 
tetas,  158. 
tete,  207. 
tetegok,  159.. 
tetek,  207. 

tetekala,  159. 
tetel,  207. 
tetkala,  159. 
tetiiban,  159. 
tetuka,  159. 
tetungap,  159. 
tewas,  211. 
teyan,  211. 
tezi,  208. 
tha,  211. 
thibit,  211. 
thabitah,  211. 
thalatha,  211. 
thalj,  211. 
thani,  211. 
thikl,  211. 

thuluth,  211. 
thumma,  211. 
tiada,  206. 
tiang  (tiyang),  208. 
tiap  (tiyap),  209. 
tiba,  206. 
tiban,  207. 
tibar,  206. 
tidak,  208. 

tidor,  208. 
tiga,  210. 
tigi,  210. 
tiharap,  206. 


tijah,  208. 
tijak,  207. 

tik,  175. 

tika,  209. 
tikal,  210. 
tikam,  210. 
tikar,  209. 
tikas,  209. 
tike,  210. 
tikus,  209. 
tilam,  210. 
tilan,  210. 
tilawat,  177. 
tilek,  210. 

tilu,  210. 
tim,  179. 
timah,  211. 
timang,  211. 
timba,  180. 
timbal,  182. 
timbang,  181. 
timbau,  183. 
timbok,  182. 

timbiil,  182. 
timbun,  183. 
timbiis,  181. 
timor,  211. 
timpa,  185. 
timpang,  187. 
timpas,  186. 
timpoh,  i8g. 
timpiis,  186. 
timu,  211- 
timun,  211. 
tin,  211. 
tinas,  211. 
tindan,  194, 
tinda?,  193. 
tindeh,  194. 
tindek,  194. 

ting,  166. 
tinggal,  172. 
tinggi,  173. 
tinggil,  172. 
tingging,  170. 
tinggong,  170. 
tingkah,  169. 
tingkal,  i6g. 
tingkap,  168. 
tingkas,  167. 
tingkat,  167. 
tingkil,  169. 
tingkir,  167. 
tingkis,  167. 
tingting,  166. 
tinjau,  193. 
tinju,  193. 
tinta,  191. 
tinting,  191. 
tiong,  209. 
tipis,  2og. 
tipu,  209. 
tir,  208. 
tir,  160. 
tirai,  208. 
tiram,  208. 
tiras,  208. 
tiri,  208. 


TIRIS 


L     lii     ] 


TUTUL 


tiris,  208. 
tirok,  208. 

tiru,  208. 
tirus,  208. 
tis,  165. 
tisek,  208. 

titah,  207. 
titar,  207, 
titek,  207. 

tithlith,  159. 
titi,  207. 
titir,  207. 
titis,  207. 
tiup  (tiyup),  209. 
tiyada,  206. 
tiyah,  2ii, 
tiyan,  211. 
tiyang,  208. 
tiyap,  209. 
tiyaram,  206, 
tiyarap,  206. 
tiyong,  209. 
tiyuman,  211. 
tiyup,  209. 
tU,  436. 
tiahir,  436. 
tlilim,  436. 

tlil,  436. 

tlohor,  436. 

to',  195. 

toalang  (tuwalang),  196, 

tobah,  196. 

tobak,  196. 

tobat,  196. 
todak,  198. 
todoh,  198. 
togan,  202. 
togel,  202. 
togok,  201. 
tohok,  205. 

tohol,  205. 
tohor,  205. 
tojang,  197. 
tok,  175. 

toka,  200. 
tokak,  200. 
tokchan,  175. 
tokek,  201. 
to'kek,  201. 

toko,  201. 
tokoh,  201. 
tokok,  201. 

tokong,  200. 
toktok,  175. 

tol,  177, 
tolak,  203. 
tolok,  203. 
tolong,  202. 
toleh,  203. 
tolk,  178. 

tolo,  203. 


torn,  179. 
toman,  204. 
tombak,  182. 
tombol,  183. 
tombong,  181. 
tomong,  204. 
tomos,  204. 
tompek,  188. 

tompok,  188. 

tompor,  186. 
tondong,  194. 
tong,  166. 
tonggak,  171. 

tonggang,  171. 
tonggek,  171. 
tonggeng,  171. 
tonggit,  170. 
tonggok,  171. 

tonggong,  171. 
tongkah,  169. 
tongkan,  169. 
tongkang,  168. 
tongkat,  167. 
tongkeng,  168. 
tongkes,  167, 
tongkis,  168. 
tongkok,  168. 

tongkol,  169. 
tongkong,  168. 
tongong,  199. 
tongtong,  166. 
tonjol,  192. 
tonyoh,  206. 
top,  173. 
topang,  199. 
topek,  200. 
topeng,  199. 
topes,  199. 
topi,  200. 
topong,  199, 
topsil,  174. 
torah,  199. 
torak,  198. 
torang,  198. 
torek,  199. 
torih,  199. 
toro,  199. 
totok,  197. 

towakang,  195. 

toya,  206. 

toyah,  206* 

toyoh,  206. 

trang  (terang),  162. 

trangkera  (terangkera),  162. 

trap  (terap),  162. 

tras  (teras),  162. 

triak,  (teriyak),  165. 

trima  (terima),  165. 
tripang  (teripang),  165. 
trok  (terok),  163, 

trona  (terona),  164. 
trong  (terong),  162. 


tropong  (teropong),  164. 
trubok  (terubok),  164, 
trubong  (terubong),  164. 
trus  (terus),  162. 
tu,  195. 

tua  (tuwa),  195. 
tuah  (tuwah),  205. 
tuai  (tuwai),  205. 
tuala  (tuwala),  195. 
tuam  (tuwam),  204. 
tuan  (tuwan),  204. 
tuang  (tuwang),  199. 
tuba,  196. 
tuban,  196. 
tubi,  196. 
tubin,  196. 
tubing,  196, 
tubir,  196, 
tuboh,  196. 
tubok,  196. 

tubal,  196. 
tuding,  198. 
tudoh,  198. 
tudong,  197. 
tugal,  202. 
tugar,  201. 
tugas,  201. 
tuha,  205. 
tuhan,  205. 
tuhfat,  159. 
tujah,  197. 
tujoh,  197. 
tuju,  197. 
tuk,  175- 
tuka,  200. 
tukal,  201. 
tukam,  201. 
tukang,  200. 
tukar,  200. 
tukas,  200. 
tukil,  201. 
tuku,  201. 
tukul,  201. 
tukun,  201. 
tukus,  200. 
tul,  177. 
tuladan,  177. 
tulah,  203. 
tulang,  202. 
tulat,  202. 
tuleh,  203. 
tulen,  203. 
tuli,  203. 
tulis,  202. 
tulong,  202. 
tulus,  202. 
turn,  179. 
tuma,  204. 
tuman,  204. 
tumang,  204. 
tumbang,  181. 
tumbas,  181. 
tumboh,  184. 
tumbok,  182. 
tumis,  204. 
tumit,  204. 
tumpah,  189. 


tumpang,  187. 
tumpas,  186. 
tiimpat,  186. 
tumpong,  187. 
tumpu,  188. 
tumpul,  188. 
tumu,  204. 
tumus,  204. 
tun,  191. 
tuna,  204. 
tunai,  205. 
tunak,  205. 

tunam,  205. 
tunang,  204. 
tunas,  204. 
tunda,  193. 
tundok,  194. 

tundun,  194. 
tungap,  199. 
tungau,  199. 
tunggal,  172. 
tunggang,  171, 
tunggil,  172. 
tungging,  171. 
tunggit,  170. 
tunggu,  173. 
tunggul,  172. 
tungkak,  168. 

tungkap,  168. 
tungku,  169. 
tungkus,  168. 
tungol,  199. 
tunjal,  192. 
tunjang,  192. 
tunjok,  192. 
tunjong,  192. 
tuni,  205. 
tuntong,  191, 
tuntut,  191. 
tuntun,  191. 
tunu,  205. 
tunun,  205. 
tupai,  200. 
tupang,  199. 
tupis,  199. 
turap,  198. 
turas,  198. 
turau,  199, 
turi,  199. 
turis,  198. 
turki,  163. 
tursi,  162. 
turu,  199. 
turus,  198. 
turun,  199. 
turut,  198. 
tus,  165. 
tusuk,  199. 

tut,  158. 
tM,  196. 
tutoh,  197. 
tutok,  197, 

tutor,  196. 
tutu,  197. 
tutul,  197. 


TUTUP 


[     liii     ] 


UYONG 


tutup,  196. 
tutut,  196. 
tuwa,  195. 
tuwah,  205. 
tuwai,  205. 


tuwak,  200. 

tuwal,  202. 
tuwala,  195. 
tuwalang,  196. 
tuwam,  204, 


tuwan,  204, 
tuwang,  199. 
tuwap,  199. 
tuwar,  198. 
tuwarang,  195. 


tuwas,  199. 
tuwat,  196. 
tuwi,  205. 
tuwil,  202. 
tuwis,  199. 


u. 


ua  (uwa),  51. 
uak  (uwak),  58. 

uan  (uwan),  62, 
uap  (uwap),  57. 
uar  (uwar),  54. 
uba,  51. 
ubah,  52. 
uban,  52. 
ubang,  52. 
ubar,  52. 
ubat,  51. 
ubi,  52. 
ubin,  52. 
ubong,  52. 
ubor,  52. 
ububan,  2. 
ubun,  52. 
uchap,  53. 
uchul,  53. 
uda,  53. 
udai,  54. 
udam,  54. 
udana,  7. 
iidang,  54. 
udap,  54. 
udara,  7,  53. 
udek,  54, 

udi,  54. 
udip,  54. 
udoh,  54. 
udut,  53. 
'udzur,  437, 
ufti,  24. 
ugahari,  29. 
ugama,  28. 
ugut,  58. 
ui,  62. 
ujah,  53. 
ujan,  53. 
ujar,  53. 
ujat,  53. 
uji,  53. 
ujong,  53. 
ujrat,  4. 
ujud,  53. 
ujul,  53. 
^uk&b,  438. 

ukah,  58. 
ukas,  58. 
ukir,  58. 
ukor,  58. 
ukup,  58. 
ulai,  61. 


iilam,  60. 
'ulama,  438. 
ulan,  60. 
ulang,  59. 
ulap,  59. 
ular,  59. 
ulas,  59. 
ulat,  59. 
uleh,  61. 
uli,  61. 
ulit,  59. 
ulong,  59. 
ulor,  59. 
ulu,  60. 
ulun,  60. 
iim,  33. 
uman,  61. 
umang,  61. 
*umar,  438. 
umbai,  36. 
umban,  36. 
umbang,  34. 
umbara,  33. 
umbas,  34. 
umbel,  35. 
umbi,  36. 
umbut,  33. 
umm,  33. 
ummat,  37. 
ummi,  40, 
umpak,  38. 

umpama,  37. 
umpan,  39. 
umpat,  38, 
umpil,  39. 
*umrah,  438. 
umum,  61. 
^urnur,  438. 
unai,  62. 
unam,  62. 
unap,  62. 
unchang,  45. 
unchat,  45. 
unchit,  45. 
unchui,  45. 
undak,  47. 

undan,  48. 
undang,  47. 
undi,  48. 
undil,  47. 
undok,  47. 

undor,  46. 
ungah,  57. 


ungap,  57. 
ungar,  57. 
unggal,  23. 
unggang,  22. 
unggas,  22. 
unggat,  21. 
unggit,  21. 
unggun,  23. 
ungka,  19. 
I  ungkang,  20. 
ungkap,  20. 
ungkas,  20. 
ungkil,  21. 
ungkit,  20. 
ungkor,  20. 
ungku  (engku),  21, 
ungu,  57. 
ungum,  57. 
unjam,  44. 

unjang  (runjang),  341. 
unjap  (injap),  44. 
unjok,  44. 
unjong,  44. 
unjor,  43. 
unjun,  44. 
'unsur,  439. 
untai,  43. 
untak,  42. 
untal,  42. 
untang,  41. 
until,  42. 
unting,  41. 
untok,  42. 
untong,  41. 
untut,  40. 
unus,  62. 
upachara,  25. 
upaduta,  25. 
upah,  57. 
upak,  57. 
upam,  57. 
upama,  25. 
upar,  57. 
upas,  57. 
upat,  57. 
upau,  57. 
upaya,  25. 
upeh,  57. 
upeti,  25. 


ura,  54. 

urai,  55. 

urang,  55. 

urap,  55. 

urat,  54. 

*urat,  439. 

urdi,  9. 

uri,  55. 

uring,  55. 

urip,  55. 

urit,  54. 

urita,  13. 

urlit,  II. 

urna  (warena),  678. 

ui"ong,  55. 

urup,  55. 

urus,  54. 

urut,  54. 

usah,  56. 

usaha,  17, 

usai,  56. 

usang,  56. 

usap,  56. 

usat,  56. 

usek,  56. 

usia  (usiya),  17. 
usir,  56. 
usiya,  17. 
usong,  56. 
usor,  56. 
ustadz,  13. 
usul,  18. 
utama,  3. 
utan,  53. 
utang,  53. 
utara,  2. 
'utdrik,  438. 
utas,  53. 
uteh,  53. 
utus,  53. 
uwa,  51. 
uwak,  58. 
uwam,  62. 
uwap,  57. 
uwar,  54. 
uweh,  62. 
uwek,  58. 
uwet,  52. 
uwok,  58. 
uyong,  62. 


WA                                                   [    liv    ]                                             ZULfKHA 

w. 

Wa,  677. 
wa'ad,  679. 
waba,  677. 
wa-ba'ada,  678. 
wa-ba^ada-hu,  678. 
wadal,  677. 
wadi,  678. 
wadlih,  677. 
wadon,  677. 
wadong,  677. 
wafat,  679. 
wah,  680. 
wahai,  680. 
waham,  680. 
wahid,  678. 
waja,  677. 
wajah,  677,  678. 
wajek,  677. 
w&jib,  677. 
wakap,  678. 
wakil,  679. 
waktu,  679. 
wakusa,  679. 
walAkin,  679. 
walang,  678. 

walasan,  679. 
wa-lau,  679. 
wali,  678. 
wall,  679. 
walimana,  679. 
wallah,  678. 
wallahi,  678. 
w^an,  679, 
wang,  679. 
wangi,  678. 
wangsa,  679. 
wangkang,  679. 
wanta,  680. 
wap  (uwap),  57. 
warang,  677. 
warangan,  678. 
waras,  677. 
war  (uwar),  54. 
warena,  678. 
warga,  678. 
warip,  677. 
wari*,  678. 
waris,  677. 
warita,  679. 
w^arith,  677. 

warkat,  678. 

warna,  678. 
warong,  677. 
warta,  678. 
waru,  677. 
waruna,  678. 
wasana,  679. 
wasangka,  679. 
wast,  679. 

w4sil,  677. 

wasir,  677. 

wasit,  677. 

wAsitah,  677. 

w^asiyat,  679. 
;  waslat,  679. 

waswas,  679. 

wat,  678. 

watang,  677. 

w^atas,  677. 

wati,  677. 

watu,  677. 

wau,  678. 
;  wayang,  678. 
\  wazir,  679. 
^  w^edam,  680. 

wedana,  678. 
web,  680. 
werna,  678. 
werong,  680. 
wetan,  680, 
widara,  678. 
wijan,  680. 
vvijaya,  678. 
wijil,  680. 
wijong,  680. 
wikalat,  679* 
wila,  680. 
wilada,  679. 
wilahar,  679. 
wilanda,  679. 
wilang,  680. 
wilis,  680. 
wilmana,  679. 
win,  679. 
wira,  680. 
wirid,  678. 
wisetu,  679. 
wolanda,  679. 
;  wong,  679. 
wujud,  678. 

Y. 

Ya,  697. 
yad,  697. 
yahtida,  698. 
yahudi,  698. 
yahum,  697. 
yahya,  697. 
yai,  697. 
ya-itu,  697. 
yaj6j,  697. 

1 

yak,  698.                                     yangyang,  697. 
yakin,  698.                                ya'ni,  697. 
ya*kub,  697.                             yardin,  697. 
yak6t,  697.                                yarkin,  697. 
yaman,  698.                              Y^sin,  697. 
yamani,  698.                            yatim,  697. 
yamtuwan,  698.                       yaum,  698. 
yamyam,  698,                        i  yaz4n,  697. 
yang,  697.                               :  yogiya,  698. 

yojana,  698. 
yop,  698. 
yu,  6g8. 
yuda,  6g8. 
yujana,  6g8. 
ytinan,  698. 
ytinus,  698. 
yup,  698. 
y6suf,  698. 

z. 

^a,  354* 
zabad,  354. 
zabib,  354. 
^abtir,  354. 
2:adab,  354. 
zAhid,  354. 
^ait,  355. 

iraitun  (2ait),  355. 
^akdt,  354. 
zaki,  354. 
zaman,  355. 
zamrM,  355* 
zamzam,  355. 
zanggi  (zangi),  354. 

^angi,  354- 
zawadah,  354. 
zAwiyyat,  354. 
zetun  (zait),  355. 
2in&',  355. 
2ir,  355. 
zirifah,  354. 

zirah,  355. 
ziyarat,  355. 
zubaidah,  354. 
zuhal,  354, 
zuhrah,  355. 
zulikha,  354. 

ADDENDA    ET    CORRIGENDA. 


ADDENDA. 


ADDENDUM    A. 


LIST    OF    MALAYAN    WILD    BIRDS. 

[This  rudimentary  list  was  given  me  by   Mr.   A.    L.   Butler,   formerly  of  the  Selangor  Museum.     I 
have  since  been  able  to  supplement  it  somewhat ;  my  additions  and  notes  are  given  in  brackets.] 


Ayam-ayam  :  the  water-cock  ;  gallicrex  cmerea, 

[Ay  am  borga,  ay  am  denak,]  and  ay  am  hutan  :  the  jungle- 
fowl,  galUis  ferrugineus, 

Ayam  pegar :  the  fireback  pheasant,  lophura  ru/a  or 
euplocomus  vieilloti.     [Also  burong  merah  mata.] 

Burong  babi  :  the  adjutant,  leptoptilns  jav aniens. 

B.  bangau  :  the  egrets  ;  biibtdcus  coromandtis  and  herodias 
intermedia. 

[B.  barau-baran  :  the  yellow-crowned  bulbul;  trachycomiis 
ochrocephalus.     Also  b,  bebarau,] 

B.  bay  an  :  the  paroquet ;  palceornis  longicauda, 

[B,  bebaran :  v.  b,  baratc-barati,] 

[B.  beberek  :   v.   6.  berek-bereL] 

B.  belatok  :  a  generic  name  for  wood-peckers  of  which 
about  twenty  species  occur  in  the  Peninsula.  [Also 
pelatoL] 

[B.  belatok  biji  nangka  :  the  fulvoiis-rumped  barred  wood- 
pecker; miglyptes  grammithorax,  B.  belatok  punggor  : 
the  Malay  black  wood-pecker ;  thriponax  javensis, 
B.  belatok  rimba  :  the  golden-backed  wood-pecker; 
chrysocolaptes  giitticristatiis. 

JB.  belibis  :  the  whistling  teal ;  dendrocygnajavanica, 

[B,  berek'berek :  the  bay-backed  bee-eater ;  merops  suma- 
tranus.     Also  (Kedah)  b.  beberek,] 

B.  berkek  :  the  snipe ;  gallinago  stenura  and  gallinago 
ccelesiis.     [Also  (Kedah)  6.  tetiroL] 

B,  berkok  :  the  largest  of  the  green  pigeons ;  butreron 
capelli. 

B.  bcrtam :  the  black  jungle-partridge ;  melanoperdix 
nigra, 

[B.  binti'bintt :  the  Malayan  blue  king-fisher ;  alcedo 
memnting.] 


B,  btibiit :  the  common  coucal,  centrcpus  eurycercus ;  and 
the  lesser  coucal  (or  crow-pheasant),  centropus 
bengalensis, 

[B,  chawi-chawi :  =  b.  chechawi,  q.  v.] 

B,  chechawi :  the  racquet-tailed  drongo;  dissemurtis 
plaitinis.  [Also  called  b.  chawi-chawi,  and  b,  chen- 
chawiJ]     Cf.  also  6.  hamba  kera, 

[B.  chelong  :  the  black  jay  ;  platysmtinis  aterimus,] 

[B.  chemperling  :  =  6.  perling^  q.  v.] 

[B,  chenchawi  :  =  6.  chechawi,  q.  v.] 

[B,  chenok  :  the  malkohas,  i.e.,  the  red-breasted  malkoha, 
ramphococcyx  erythrognathtis ;  and  the  Sumatran 
malkoha,  rhopodytes  sumatranus,] 

[B,  chichit :  =  b,  siyul^  q.  v.] 

B,  enggang :  a  generic  name  for  [large]  hornbills, 
[especially  the  great  hornbill,  dichoceros  bicornis,  and 
the  rhinoceros  hornbill,  buceros  rhinoceros,'] 

B.  gagak  :  the  Indian  jungle-crow,  corvus  macrorhynchus, 

B.  hamba  kera  :  **the  monkey's  slave,'*  a  name  given  to 
the  racquet-tailed  drongo  because  it  follows  troops  of 
monkeys  to  feed  on  the  insects  they  disturb  from  the 
foliage.     See  b,  chechawi. 

[B.  hantn  :  a  generic  name  for  owls  other  than  the  brown 
hawk-owl  (ptmggok).] 

B.  hujan :  the  black  and  red  broadbill,  cymborhynchus 
macrorhynchus ;  [and  the  dusky  broadbill,  corydon 
sumatranns.  Better :  b.  tadah  hujan.  It  is  also  called 
(Bindings)  6.  rakit.] 

[B.  inggerek  :  v.  6.  kelichap,] 

B,  itek  ayer :  the  cotton-teal,  nettopus  coromandelianus, 

B,  kedidi :  a  generic  name  for  a  sandpiper  (totamis)  or 
small  plover  {cegialitis). 


[B,  helichap :  a  generic  name  given  to  small  birds 
suggesting  the  humming-birds  of  America  in  their 
general  appearance.  Also  b.  perinchit,  B.  kelichap 
jantong  or  6.  inggerek :  the  smallest  of  these 
(unidentified).] 

[B.  Mndi :  a  generic  name  given  to  the  numenii,  i.e.^  to 
the  curlew,  numenius  arquata,  and  to  the  whimbrel, 
#.  phaopus.] 

B,  kesumba  :  a  generic  name  given  to  trogons,  harpactes. 

[J5.  kudong  ketampi  :  the  Malay  fish-owl,  keiupajavanensis. 
Also  b,  to'keiampt,] 

[B.  ktmyet :  the  black-headed  bulbul ;  micropus  melano- 
cephalus,] 

[B.  kunyet-kunyet :  the  black-naped  oriole  ;  oriolus  indicus.'] 
[B,    kuwang :   v.    b.    kuwau,] 

[J5.  kiiwang-kuwit :   the  cuckoo-shrike  ;  lalage  terat,] 

B.  kuwau:  (Riau,Johor)  a  pheasant,  especially  an  Argus 
pheasant,  argusianm  argus ;  [=  (Kedah)  b.  kiiwang 
rayaJ] 

B.  kuwau  cheremin :  (Selangor)  a  peacock-pheasant, 
polyplectnim  bicalcaratum ;  [=  (Bindings)  kuwang 
ranting,  or  hnwangranggas,  and  [Kei^h)  merak  pongsu,'^\ 

J5.  lang :  a  generic  name  for  hawks,  kites,  and  eagles. 

[B,  lang  belalang :  microhierax  latifrons  and  m,  fringtl- 
lanus.  L,  bubun  :  spiz actus  cirrhatus,  L,  burit :  pernis 
tweeddalii,  L.  hindek  :  nisaetus  limnaetm,  L.  ling  or 
/.  lin  :  a  variant  of  b.  lilin,  q.  v.  L.  malam : 
machceramphus  alcinm  ?  L.  merah  :  the  Brahminy 
kite;  haliastur  indus,  L,  rajawali:  a  generic  name 
given  (Singapore)  to  small  hawks,  e.g.,  tinmmculus 
alaudarius  and  accipiter  virgatus  ;  cf.  6.  sewah  belalang, 
L.  rimba:  spizaetus  horsfieldi  ?  L.  siput :  the  large 
sea-eagle,  haliaetus  leucogaster.  L,  tembikar  :  haliastur 
sp.] 

B,  layang'layang :  a  generic  name  for  swallows  and  swifts. 

[B,  lilin :  the  small  pied  hornbill,  anthracoceros  albirostris. 
Also  6.  merlilin  and  6.  lang  ling.] 

B.  meragi :  the  painted  snipe,  rostratula  capensis* 

[B.  merah  mata :  =  ayam  pegar,  q.  v.] 

B,  merah  :  the  Malayan  peacock,  ^ai^o  muticus,  [B,  merak 
pongsu :  the  peacock-pheasant ;  =  b.  kuwau  cheremin, 
q.  v.] 

[B.  merebah  :  the  yellow-vented  bulbul ;  pycnonotus  analis,] 

B.  merBbok :  the  Malay  turtle-dove ;  turtur  tigrinus. 

[B.  merlilin :  =  b.  lilin,  q.  v.] 

B.  murai :  the  magpie-robin,  copsychus  saularis.  [B.  murai 
batu  :  the  shama ;  cittocincla  macrura.  B.  murai  gajah: 
the  Malayan  fairy  blue-bird,  irena  cyanea.]  B.  murai 
gila  :  a  name  given  to  fantail  fly-catchers ;  rhipadura 
javanica,  r.  albicollis,  and  r.  perlaia, 

[B.  pekakak :  a  generic  name  for  king-fishers,  especially 
(Bindings)  the  Malacca  stork-bill  kingfisher,  pelar- 
gopsis  malaccensis;  the  black-capped  kingfisher,  halcyon 
pileatm;  and  the  white-collared  kingfisher,  halcyon 
cloris,]     Also  raja  udang,  q.  v. 


[B.  pekakak  hutan,  or  6.  pekakak  rimba . 
for  barbets.] 

[B.  pelatok :  a  variant  of  b.  belatok,  q.  v.] 


a  generic  name 


B.  pergam:  the  imperial  pigeons ;  carpophaga  cenea  and 
c.  badia, 

[B.  perinchit :  a  variant  of  b.  kelichap,  q.  v.] 

B.  perling :  the  tree-starling,  calornis  chalybeius.  [Also 
chemperling,  B.  perling  kampong  and  b.  perling  tanah  : 
names  representing  varieties  of  coloration  in  the  tree- 
starling  but  not  different  species.] 

B.  pikau :  the  b]ue-breasted  quail ;  excalfactoria  chinensis. 

B.  puchong :  a  generic  name  given  to  bitterns,  e.g.,  dupctor 
flavicollis,  ar delta  cinnamomea,  and  ar delta  sinensis; 
also  to  the  purple  heron,  ardea  manillensis.  [The 
name  is  most  commonly  given  (Bindings)  to  the  little 
green  bittern,  butorides  javanica,] 

B,  punai :  the  common  green  pigeon,  osmotreron  vernans. 

B,  punai  gading,^  or  b,  punai  jambu :  a  pink-headed  green 
pigeon  having  an  ivory-white  breast  with  a  pink 
stain ;  ptilopus  jambu, 

B,  punai  siyul :  the  small  green  pigeon ;  osmotreron  olax, 
B.  punai  tanah  :  the  bronze  wing  dove;  chalcophaps  indica, 
[B.  punggok  :  the  brown  hawk-owl ;  ninox  scutulata,] 
B,  puyoh:  the  bustard-quail ;  turnix  pugnax, 

B,  raja  hudang :  a  generic  name  given  (Riau,  Johor)  to 
kingfishers,  [and  elsewhere  to  large  sandpipers,  e,g,, 
to  the  redshank,  totanus  calidris,     Cf.  b,  pekakak,] 

[B.  rajawali :  a  name  given  in  literature  to  the  eagle  of 
romance,  and  in  common  talk  to  small  hawks,  e.g., 
lang  rajawali.     See  s.  v.  lang,] 

[B.  rakit:  a  name  given  (Bindings)  to  the  broadbills ;  v. 
b,  hujan,] 

B.  rawa  :  the  pied  fruit-pigeon,  myristicivora  bicolor, 

[B.  segan :  the  Malay  night-jar,  caprimulgus  macrurus,] 

B.  selanting :  the  long-billed  partridge;  rhizothera  longi- 
rostris. 

B.  serindit :  the  love-bird,  loriculus  galgulus. 

[B.  sewah  :  a  name  given  to  some  hawks.  B.  sewah  belalang: 
accipiter  virgatus,  B,  lang  sewah :  a  name  sometimes 
given  to  the  large  kite  pernis  tweeddalii,  B.  sewah 
tekukor :  the  Indian  koel ;  eudynamis  honorata.] 

B.  siyul :  the  crested  wood-quail ;  rollulus  roulroul,  [Also 
(Bindings)  6.  chichit.] 

[B.  tadah  hujan :  see  b,  hujan.] 

B,  tebang  rumah  mentuwa :  the  hornbill  rhinoplax  vigil, 

B,  tekukor  :  the  little  Malay  ground-dove ;  geopelia  striata. 

B.  tempuwa :  the  weaver-bird,  ploceus  megarhynchus, 

[B.  tetirok :  (Kedah)  the  snipe ;  =  b.  b^rkek,  q.  v.] 

B.  tiyong :  the  mynah,  gracula  javanensis  [and  gracula 
intermedia,] 

[B.  tiyong  batu :  the  Eastern  broad-billed  roller ;  euryst- 
omus  orientalis,] 

[B.  to' ketampi :  =  b,  kudong  ketampi,  q.  v.] 

B.  tukang :  a  name  sometimes  given  to  hornbills. 

B.  undan :  the  Malay  pelican ;  pelecanus  philippemis. 


ADDENDUM    B. 


MALAY    NAMES    OF    SNAKES    (DINDINGS). 


Ular  bakan :  a  green  viperine  snake  (lachesis)  with  dark- 
green  markings,  lachesis  purptireomaculaius.  Also  n, 
kapak  bakatc. 

U.  belerang:  a  fabulous  red  sea-snake,  described  as 
being  so  venomous  that  a  bite  from  it  on  the  rudder 
of  a  boat  will  suffice  to  kill  the  crew. 

U.  chintamani :  a  fabulous  gold-yellow  snake,  the  finding 
of  which  betokens  success  in  love. 

U.  chintamani  gajah:  a  name  given  to  lachesis  wagleri 
(variety  D.)  when  large  and  exceptionally  light  in 
coloration. 

[7.  kapak:  a  generic  name  given  to  viperine  snakes; 
lachesis. 

U.  kapak  bakan:  see  n,  bakau, 

U,  kapak  riniba:  lachesis  wagleri  (variety  D.),  as  usually 
met  with.     Cf.  w.  chintamani  gajah. 

U.  katam  tebu,  or  tl  katang  tebu:  the  banded  karait, 
bungarus  fasciatus. 

U.  kepala  dtiwa:  a  name  given  to  a  number  of  snakes,  the 
tails  of  which  resemble  their  heads.  The  commonest 
kind  is  cylindrophis  rufus. 

U,  knnyet:  a  name  given  to  the  common  tree-snake, 
dryophis  prasinus,  when  yellow  in  tint.     Cf.  n.  puchok. 

U.  knnyet  terns :  see  n.  tedong  selar  knnyet  terus. 

U.  lidi:  dendrophis  pictns. 

U,  inatahari:  see  n,  tedong  matahari. 

U,  mengenyior:  chrysopelea  ornata. 

U,  pnchok :  the  common  green  tree-snake,  dryophis 
prasinns.     Cf.  u.  knnyet, 

U.  punti:  a  large  black  snake  with  white  banded  markings, 
dipsadomorphns  dendrophilns.     Also  u.  tiyong. 

U.  rumah :  a  small  thick  black  snake,  hypsirhina  plumbea, 

[7.  sampah:  a  very  small  snake,  psammodynastes  pictus. 

U,  sawa:  a  generic  name  given  to  large  non-venomous 
snakes,  especially  pythons. 

[7.  sawa  batn:  the  common  python,  python  reticidatns, 
when  living  on  rocky  soil. 

U.  sawa  bnrong:  dipsadomorphus  cynodon, 

U.  sawa  chindai:  the  reticulate  python  when  its  colora- 
tion is  very  brilliant. 


f/.  sawa  lekir:  a  name  often  given  to  the  young  reticulate 
python,  but  more  correctly  to  the  snake  colnber  mela- 
niirns  from  the  peculiar  whitish  patches  on  its  skin. 

[7.  sawa  rendam :  the  reticulate  python,  when  aquatic  in 
its  habits. 

U.  sawa  tekukor  :  a  name  given  to  colnber  mclanurns, 

U.  selenseng  :  a  long  greenish-yellow  non-venomous  snake, 
a  colour- variety  of  colnber  oxycephalns, 

U,  selimpat:  a  generic  name  given  to  true  sea-snakes 
from  the  peculiar  appearance  of  their  tails,  especially 
{u.  selimpat  betnl)  to  the  common  large  sea-snake, 
enhydris  hardwickii. 

U.  selimpat  katang  tcbn  :  a  banded  true  sea-snake,  chersydrns 
gvanulatns. 

U,  selimpat  snngai :  a  small  true  sea-snake  without 
distinctive  markings,  enhydrina  valakadyen. 

U.  tahi  kerban  :  colnber  radiatns, 
U.  tanah::=:n.  rnmah, 

U,  tedong :  a  generic  name  given  to  a  number  of  snakes 
believed  (usually  with  truth)  to  be  very  venomous. 

U.  tedong  liyar :  a  long  black  (white-bellied)  non-venom- 
ous snake  resembling  the  black  cobra  at  first  sight; 
zamenis  korros.     Also  n.  tedong  tikiis. 

U.  tedong  matahari :  the  small  venomous  snake  doliophis 
bivirgatus.  The  name,  however,  is  often  given  to  a 
comparatively  large  non-venomous  snake,  coluber 
oxycephalns,  owing  to  a  certain  occasional  resemblance 
in  the  tints  of  the  body  and  in  the  colour  of  the  tail. 

U.  tedong  selar:  the  hamadryad  or  king  cobra,  naia 
bungarus. 

U.  tedong  selar  knnyet  terns:  the  hamadryad  when  not 
uniformly  coloured  but  with  peculiar  markings  along 
the  posterior  portion  of  the  body.  These  markings 
seem  to  occur  in  specimens  seven  or  eight  feet  long 
and  not  in  the  full-sized  hamadryad  of  over  ten  feet. 

U*  tedong  sendok :  the  common  black  cobra,  naia  tripu- 
dians. 

U.  tedong  tikus  :  see  n.  tedong  liyar. 
U.  tedong  usat :  simotes  octolineatus. 

U.  tiyong:  a  name  given  (Riau,  Johor?)  to  the  snake 
dipsadomorphus  dendrophilns  ;=:  (Kedah)  u,  punti. 


ADDENDUM  0. 


LIST   OF   WORDS   OMITTED. 


juAj  rambong.  Getahrambong:  the  gutto.  obtained 
from  the  tree  ficm  elasttca,  Pokok  r. :  the  tree, 
ficus  elastica, 

4SAm*  sunggoh.  True,  genuine,  real,  actual;  reality. 
Melainkan  A  llah  juga  yang  stmggoh :  God 
alone  is  real ;  God  alone  Is.  Jika  ta' sunggoh 
bagai  di-kata  ;  if  there  is  no  truth  in  what  I 
am  saying;  Ht.  P.  J.  P. 

S.  hati :  heartiness;  real  feeling;  vigour; 
strenuousness.  Dengan  sunggoh  hati :  vigor- 
ously, strenuously  ;  putting  one's  heart  into 
the  work ;  Cr.  Gr,,  37. 

Stmggoh'pun :  granting  that ;  admitting  the 
truth  of;  admitting  that ;  although.  Sunggoh- 
piin  iya  dagang  senteri :  although  he  is  an 
alien  wanderer;  Sh.  Bid.,  85. 

Stmggoh-ptm   banyak    bintang  di-langit 
Bulan  juga  yang   berchehaya ; 

Sunggoh'pun   banyak   muda  yang  manis 
Tuwan  juga   di-niata   sehaya  : 

though  the  stars  in  heaven  are  many,  the 
moon  alone  can  brighten  (the  earth) ;  truly 
there  are  many  sw^eet  youths  (in  the  world) 
but  you,  none  the  less,  are  ever  in  my  eyes ; 
Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

Sunggoh'Sunggoh  :  really,  genuinely ;  heartily. 
Ada  yang  menangis  sunggoh-sunggoh,  ada  yang 
menangis  pura-pura  :  some  shed  tears  in  real 
earnest,  some  only  pretended  to  shed  them  ; 
Ht.  Abd.,  291. 

Sa-sunggoh-nya :  in  all  truth ;  in  all  reality ; 
absolutely.  Sa-sunggoh-nya  benar-lah :  it  is 
absolutely  true;  Ht.  Gul  Bak.,  4. 

Sunggoh-sunggohi :  to  put  one's  heart  into  a 
work ;  to  do  one*s  best ;  to  strive  strenuously ; 
to  exert  all  one's  strength ;  Sej.  MaL,  59. 
Sunggoh-sunggohkan :  id,  Maka  di-sunggoh- 
sunggohkan-nya  pula  mengangkat  itu :  he  did  his 
utmost  to  lift  it ;  Ht.  Ind.  Nata. 

Bersunggoh'Sunggoh  hati :  in  all  earnestness; 
doing  one's  utmost.  Mengamok  bersunggoh- 
sunggoh  hati:  to  attack  desperately;  Ht.  Ind. 
Jaya. 


ju*j>^  samseng.     Chin.     A  professional  rough. 


j-ju*-  sandak.     Drawing  in  part  of  a  fishing-line; 
also  chandak,  q.  v. 

OftVi  pawat.    Payong pawat :  a  small  state-umbrella ; 
better  bawat,  q.  v. 


c3^ 


pfirak.     III.     Bajuhanjiperak  :  (Straits  Settle- 
ments) a  singlet. 


r- 


O^^  pfiriman.  (Straits  Settlements)  Pakaiy an  pen- 
man: civilian  attire  in  contradistinction  to 
military  or  (especially)  police  uniform; — from 
the  English  "free-man." 

S\i  kadll.  Arab.  A  judge;  aKaH;  an  official  to 
whom  questions  of  Muhammadan  Law  are 
referred. 

^^J"     kSrosang,     A  native  brooch ;  v.  k^rongsang. 

►J^  ladam.  Hind.  A  horse-shoe.  Pukul  L: 
(Penang)  to  shoe  a  horse ;  =  (Singapore)  pukul 
besi, 

UJ  ISpa.     Carelessness ;  a  variant  of  alepa,  q.  v. 

ftift  wafak.  Arab.  Chinchin  wafak  :  a  talismanic 
ring;  a  ring  engraved  with  astrological  or 
other  mysterious  symbols. 

(3  Jb  Jlfirti,  Meaning,  signification ;  significance. 
H.  perkataan :  the  meaning  of  an  expression. 
H.  kitdb  :  the  meaning  of  a  book.  In  "  Bazaar" 
Malay  herti  is  often  used  where  the  form 
mengherti  (to  understand)  would  be  more 
correct. 

Herti-nya  :  its  meaning  is ;  that  is  to  say ;  i.e. 

Hertikan:  to  convey  the  meaning  of;  to 
interpret ;  to  explain  ;  Ht.  Abd.,  331,  332. 

Berherti :  to  bear  a  meaning.  Sa-kali-kali 
iiyada  berherti  dalam  behasa  melayu :  it  has 
absolutely  no  meaning  in  Malay;  Ht.  Abd., 
373- 

AUnghMi:  to  understand,  to  grasp  the 
meaning  of. 

The  forms  erti  and  reti  are  common.  Sapirti 
(like)  is  probably  a  derivative  oierti  ;  i.e.,  "  one 
in  meaning  with." 


ADDENDUM    D. 


LIST     OF    THE     MORE     IMPORTANT    CORRIGENDA. 


P.  2  (s.  V.  iblis) :  tot  keluboran  read  keleboran. 

P.  3  {utamd)  :  after  dengan  insert  nama, 

P.  5  (achan)  :  for  tektit  read  dektit. 

P.  29  (al)  :  delete  *'  see  notes  on  Arabic  orthography  and 
grammar  in  the  Appendices." 

P.  33  (tim)  :  delete  "  also  awum,  q.  v." 

P.  38  (empang)  :  for  '*  sprit-sail  "  read  ''  foresail." 

P.  65  (ayer)  :  for  sebak  read  sebak. 

P.  79  (baris)  :  for  kasr  read  kasrah, 

P.  94  (biduwanda)  :  for  suroh-surohkan  resid  suroh'Suyohan. 

P.  102  {bengkerang)  :  for  bengkerang  and  mengkerang  read 
bengkerang  and  mengkerang. 

P.  133  (6i^te)  ;  for  i^?>ta/^  read  lemak, 

P.  176  (teganm)  :  for  tenggarum  read  tenggarun, 

P.  186  (temper  au)  :  for  temper  an  read  temper  an. 

P.  187  (tumpong)  :  for  tumpong  read  tempong. 

P,  256  (chepat)  :  for  c/^^/»a^  read  chepat, 

P.  363  (sag-a)  :  for  szig^a  read  sag-a. 

P.  363  (sagang)  :  for  *'  gunshield"  read  *'  breastwork  in 

front  of  a  ship's  gun." 
P.  367  (sawah)  :  for  *'  cultivated  "  read  *'  irrigated." 
P.  372  (setawa)  :  for  setawa  read  s^tuwa, 
p.  372  (setiyawan)  :  for  setiyawan  read  setiyawan, 
P.  400  (seligi)  :  for  /wtt  read  ^i^6t\ 
P.  400  (footnote  to  semangat)  :  for  *'  Pandangsche  "  read 

"  Padangsche." 
P.  404  (semboja)  :  for  semoja  read  semboja, 
P.  408  (sampn)  :  for  deman  read  demam, 
P.  409  (seman)  :  for  semaw  read  seman. 
P.  415  (sm)  ;  for  "  wine  "  read  '*  urine." 

P.  422  (sukor)  :  iox  ^  read  j^-i* 

P.  430  (sipnt)  :  for  chechak  read  chechak. 

P.  436  (dlammah):  for  j  read  . 

P.  436  itama):  for  ^^wa  read  tama\ 

P.  437  CMO:  for  Jj^  read  J.>W' 

P-  439  (^y^^).'  for  ;i^a  read  ^^g"^. 


P.  447  (pasal):  for  J^J  read  ^JmoJ* 

P.  451  (footnote  to^aiewtg^);  for ''Skeats'"  read  "Sl^eat's"; 
for  menyirap  read  meniyarap ;  for  rembat  read  rembat; 
for  mosok  read  inasok, 

P.  457  ipereksa):  for  pereksa  re^d  pereksa. 

P.  464  ipengnlun):  for  penktdun  redid  pekulun. 

P.  465.     The  Jawi  forms  oipekerti^  pekong  and  />^Ao/>  are  out 

of  place  and  that   oi  pekor ^  is  left  out. 

P.  468.  The  first  letter  in  the  Jawi  form  of  pelanji, 
pelanjib,  pelenchet,  pelanchar,  and  pelanchok  should 
have  three  dots  (not  one)  over  it. 

P.  468  ipeluru):  for  mnpong  read  empang. 

P.  470  (penaka):  iox  perbendaran  re^d  perbendahar an. 

P.  472  ipantai):  for  si^te'aia  read  snwatii. 

P.  472  ipenjagap):  for  penjagap  redid  penjajap. 

P.  472  (panjang):  for  tinkap  read  tingkap. 

P.  473  (second  ^anc/iar) ;  {t>r  panchar  redid  panchor. 

P.  474  (penchang):  for  pinchong  redid  pinchang. 

P.  474  (pinchok):  for  /^^/a^  read  ft^/a^. 

P.  475  (pendap):  for  ^/i/ro/t  read  ^1^60/t, 

P.  476  (first  penoh):  for  penoh  re^d  penah. 

P.  477  (puteh):  for  meleseh  read  meleseh. 

P.  478  (puchat):  for  /^ci  read  ^to'. 

P.  484  (petor):  for  />^^or  read  /)^^of . 

P.  500  (kain):  for  6^feft  read  6a^^^, 

P.  526  (kelit):  for  A^/e/?  read  M/s. 

P,  544  (kutip):  for  ^t^^t6  read  ^i^^/^. 

P.  557  (gatal):  for  miiyang  read  miyang. 

P.  570  (gelingsir):  for  meggelingsir  read  menggelingsir. 

P.  594  (layar):  for  '*  silver"  read  "silk," 

P.  598  (lechoh):  for  di4umboh-nya  read  di-tumbok-nya. 

P.  600.  The  Jawi  spelling  of  lengset  should  be  identical 
with  that  of  langsit;  the  Jawi  spelling  of  longsor 
should  be  identical  with  that  of  lengser. 

P.  640.  The  Jawi  form  of  mayang  is  written  against 
ma'yongy  and  vice  versa. 


AUG  28  1919 


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